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126188 


Whole  No.  2241.— 


VOLUME  LXXXVI1 
Namber    1. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,  SATURDAY,  JULY  4,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  FES  ANNUM. 
Single  Ooplei,  Ten  Cents. 


Heap  Roasting  of  Copper  Ores. 

Sulphide  ores  containing  copper  are  roasted  for 
the  purpose  of  desulphurizing  the  ore  as  a  prelimin- 
ary to  smelting.  This  is  accomplished  by  roasting 
in  reverberatory  or  mechanical  rotary  furnaces;  in 


usually  containing  a  large  percentage  of  iron  and 
sulphur  and  a  relatively  small  amount  of  copper, 
with  generally  some  silica,  aluminum,  lime  and  mag- 
nesia in  the  gangue  accompanying  the  ores.  This 
ore  is  piled  upon  a  layer  of  cord  wood  and  the  whole 
built  up  with  care,  and  covered  with  the  finer  screen- 


cents  per  ton  of  ore  means  a  saving  of  about  $1  on 
the  matte,  and  much  more  on  the  ton  of  copper. 
Large  heaps  can  be  roasted  at  less  cost  per  ton  than 
small  ones.  A  pile  of  ore  40  feet  long,  24  feet  wide 
and  6  feet  high  will  contain  about  240  tons  of  ore  and 
should  be   roasted  in  this  manner  in  about  seventy 


Tyee  Smelter  at  Ladysmith,  B.  C.    (See  Page   1 ) 


stalls  or  in  heaps.  The  latter  is  the  least  expensive, 
as  small  plant  or  none  at  all  is  required,  but  it  can 
only  be  practiced  where  no  material  damage  will  re- 
sult to  vegetation,  as  is  usually  the  case  in  the  arid 
regions  of  the  southwest.  Heap  roasting  is  almost 
as  old  as  the  metallurgy  of  copper.  It  is  accom- 
plished by  piling  up   heaps  of  the  sulphide    ores, 


Building  Roasting  Heaps,  Tyee  Mine,  B.  C.    (See  Page  7  ) 

ings  to  make  the  heap  less  impervious  to  draft.  In 
selecting  a  site  for  roasting  heaps  consideration 
should  be  given  the  prevailing  direction  of  the  wind, 
that  the  fumes  may  not  be  constantly  blown  upon 
the  office  buildings,  smelting  works,  etc.,  of  the 
mine.  Heap  roasting  should  be  conducted  in  the 
most  economical  manner  possible,  as  a  saving  of  25 


To  this  should  be  added  ten  days  for  removing 
and  rebuilding.  The  wood  is  first  fired  and  this  is 
communicated  to  the  sulphur  in  the  ore,  which,  tak- 
ing fire,  continues  to  burn,  supplying  its  own  fuel, 
until  all  has  been  consumed.  Heaps  are  sometimes 
built  side  by  side  and  the  intervening  space  filled 
with  ore,  making  one  large  heap. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771. 


ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Mesico  and  Canada S3  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 

Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Buancei   Offices: 
New  York  City,  720  Park  Bow  Bide.        Boston,  42  Worcester  Square. 
Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block.  Denver,  006  Mack  Block. 


J.  F.  HALLOEAK Publisher 


San  Francisco,  July  4,  J  903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  Pa9e- 

Tyee  Smelter  at  Ladysmith,  B.  C 1 

Building  Roasting  Heaps,  Tree  Mice,  B.  C 1 

The  RedfleldKock  Drill  5 

Scale  in  Boiler  Tube 5 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 0 

Open  Cut,  Dewey  Mine,  Siskiyou  County,  Cal 9 

Dewey  Mill,  Siskiyou  County,  Cal 9 

A jax  brill  Sharpener 9 

editorial: 

Heap  Roasting  of  Copper  Ores 1 

Nevada's  Eight-Hour  Law 2 

Mine  Taxation 2 

The  Deadly  Fire  Damp 2 

The  Silver  Market 2 

Labor  Unions 2 

Timber  Land  Fi.ings  in  Plumas,  Lassen  and  Shasta  Counties. . .  2 

mining  summary 11-12-13-14 

latest  market  reports 15 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 3 

Mining  at  the  Homestake  Mine  4 

Regeneration  of  Cyanide  Solutions 4 

Filter-Press  Treatment  of  Gold  Ores  and  Slimes  by  Cyanide 4 

Redfield  Rock  Drill 5 

Weinland  Mechanical  Cleaner IB 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 6 

Mount  Sicker  Mining  District,  British  Columbia 7 

The  Utiliz  ition  of  Furnace  Slag 8 

The  Reducing  1 1  Zinc  Ores 8 

The  Dewey  Mine : 9 

Hematite  in  Spain 9 

Ajax  Drill  Sharpener 9 

The  Del  Fra t  Process 9 

The  Cruc'ble  Process  of  Making  Fine  Steel 9 

The  Cost  of  Gold  Millie g 10 

Assaying  Cyanide  Solutions 10 

Personal 15 

Commercial  Paragraphs 15 

Obituary 15 

Catalogues  Received 15 

New  Patents 15 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 15 


Nevada's  Eight=Hour  Law. 

At  the  last  session  of  the  Nevada  Legislature  a 
law  was  passed  makirig  eight  hours  a  day's  labor  in 
mines.  The  law  has  been  generally  accepted  by  mine 
operators,  but  some  difficulty  has  arisen  between 
operators  and  miners  over  wages.  At  Dayton,  in 
Lyon  county,  however,  Mr.  Phillips,  operating  a  cya- 
nide plant,  refused  to  recognize  the  law,  and  worked 
his  men  longer  than  eight  hours.  He  was  fined  $100 
by  a  local  justice,  according  to  the  provisions  of  the 
eight-hour  law,  and  Mr.  Phillips  appealed  to  the  Dis- 
trict court,  which  court  rendered  a  decision  in  favor 
of  Phillips,  declaring  the  eight-hour  law  to  be  uncon- 
stitutional. This  has  not  tended  to  simplify  matters 
in  Nevada  and  further  trouble  is  anticipated.  Judge 
Murphy  of  the  District  court  bases  his  decision  on  the 
State  constitution,  which  provides  that  no  law  passed 
by  the  State  Legislature  covering  two  separate 
measures  can  become  effective;  that  had  the  law 
been  framed  as  in  two  separate  laws,  one  affecting 
underground  miners  and  the  other  applying  to  work- 
ers in  metallurgical  establishments,  they  would  both 
have  been  constitutional,  but  as  they  are  now,  neither 
branch  can  be  legally  bound  by  the  law.  The  inten- 
tion is  given  no  consideration.  It  is  merely  a  techni- 
cal point,  however,  which  may  be  remedied  at  the 
next  meeting  of  the  Legislature  in  1905. 

Mine  Taxation. 

The  Coeur  d'Alenes,  in  Shoshone  county,  Idaho,  are 
in  danger  of  being  sold  out  by  the  sheriff  for  non- 
payment of  taxes.  For  some  time  past  the  greater 
number  of  the  companies  owning  and  operating  these 
mines  have  refused  to  pay  the  taxes  assessed  by  the 
county.  The  county  officials  have  placed  an  arbi- 
trary valuation  on  the  mines  and  plants.  The  com- 
panies have  paid  the  taxes  on  the  plants,  but  say  the 
valuation  on  the  mines  is  too  high.  It  is  expected 
that  a  long-fought  legal  battle  will  result.  The  entire 
trouble  is  the  result  of  the  law  passed  by  the  Idaho 
Legislature    at    its    last  session  making   patented 


mines  pay  taxes  on  an  assessment  based  on  the  full 
market  value  of  the  property.  The  larger  mines 
were  assessed  at  $500,000  each.  The  taxes  remain- 
ing unpaid,  the  county  has  advertised  the  several 
mines  for  sale  for  taxes  in  the  usual  manner. 


The  Deadly  Fire  Damp. 

Another  coal  mine  horror  in  Wyoming  and  the 
lives  of  over  two  hundred  men  reported  sacrificed  1 
This  is  fortunately  not  a  daily  occurrence,  and  yet  it 
is  so  frequently  similar  accidents  are  chronicled  that 
it  seems  that  some  of  them  at  least  might  have  been 
avoided  had  the  necessary  precautions  been  ob- 
served. The  mine  is  at  Hanna,  on  the  line  of  the 
Union  Pacific  railroad.  Two  hundred  and  eighty- 
two  men  were  on  shift  underground  when  the  explo- 
sion of  "fire  damp"  occurred,  and  of  these  two  hun- 
dred and  thirty-six  are  reported  to  be  dead,  only 
firty-  six  escaping,  the  others  being  killed  outright 
by  fire,  concussion  or  caving  roofs,  or  smothered  by 
the  "after  damp."  Rescuers  attempted  to  relieve 
their  entombed  comrades  but  were  unable  to  live  in 
the  dense  gases  which  shut  off  the  life-giving  oxygen 
as  completely  as  water  could  have  done.  Human  life 
can  endure  but  a  few  moments  in  such  an  atmos- 
phere. The  mine  was  recognized  as  dangerous  by 
reason  of  the  large  amount  of  "  fire  damp  "  always 
present,  but  as  the  mine  was  supposed  to  be  well 
ventilated  no  unusual  danger  was  apprehended.  The 
primary  cause  of  the  explosion  is  unknown,  but  it  is 
presumed  that  one  of.  the  miners  accidently  or  care- 
lessly exposed  an  open  light  in  the  gas-laden  atmos- 
phere and  the  explosion  followed. 

Reasonably  it  is  expected  that  miners  for  their 
own  safety  would  look  very  carefully  after  the 
amount  of  fire  damp  present  in  mine  workings  and 
would  see  to  it  that  a  sufficient  volume  of  fresh  air 
was  driven  into  the  mine  to  secure  safety,  but  long 
accustomed  to  the  danger  they  became  heedless  by 
apparent  immunity  from  harm.  An  important  fact 
concerning  fire  damp,  and  one  not  generally  known, 
even  to  many  miners  themselves,  is  that  the  danger 
from  fire  damp  increases  with  a  falling  barometer. 
A  mine  where  the  percentage  of  fire  damp  is  known, 
and  it  is  not  considered  very  dangerous,  and  where, 
in  fact,  the  usual  precautions  render  it  compara- 
tively safe,  within  twenty-four  hours  may  become  ex- 
tremely dangerous  by  reason  of  a  large  increase  in 
fire  damp,  due  to  lower  barometer.  It  is  not  an  un- 
common thing  for  the  atmospheric  pressure  to 
change  by  slow  degrees  and  remain  high  or  low  for 
several  days  in  succession,  while  a  radical  change 
may  occurs  within  a  few  hours.  A  high  barometer — 
equivalent  to  heavy  atmospheric  pressure — has  a 
tendency  to  retard  the  flow  of  methane  or  "  fire 
damp,"  and  a  low  barometer,  or  light  atmospheric 
pressure,  seems  to  permit  a  more  voluminous  flow 
from  the  vein  of  coal  or  rocks  inclosing  it.  Methane 
is  the  simplest  compound  of  carbon  and  hydrogen 
known,  and  is  the  highest  gas,  next  to  hydrogen, 
known.  It  explodes  with  great  violence  when  mixed 
with  air  when  coming  in  contact  with  a  flame  or  the 
electric  spark,  with  the  formation  of  water  and  car- 
bon dioxide.  The  water  vapor  produced  by  an  ex- 
plosion of  fire  damp  condenses  with  such  rapidity,  in 
fact,  instantaneously,  that  it  causes  a  second  explo- 
sion, making  two  explosions  following  each  other  in 
rapid  succession.  In  the  event  of  a  mine  explosion 
such  as  that  which  has  just  occurred  the  men  not 
killed  by  the  explosion,  by  fire  or  caving  ground,  are 
promptly  suffocated  if  an  avenue  of  escape  is  not 
immediately  open  to  them. 

In  view  of  the  great  danger  in  a  gasy  mine,  and 
the  known  fact  that  the  atmospheric  pressure  is  an 
important  factor,  it  seems  that  a  recognition  of  this 
fact,  and  a  consequent  provision  for  sending  a  larger 
volume  of  air  into  the  mine  workings  during  the  low 
barometer  might  possibly  avert  such  calamities  as 
that  above  mentioned. 


THE  silver  market  seems  to  have  suffered  less 
from  the  recent  transfer  of  $1,423,000  in  Mexi- 
can silver  by  the  United  States  Government  than 
might  have  been  anticipated.  This  silver  was  depos- 
ited in  the  National  Bank  of  Mexico,  subject  to  the 
draft  of  the  United  States,  in  settlement  of  the  Pious 
award.  The  silver  is  to  be  coined  for  use  in  the  Phil- 
ippines. The  entire  amount  of  this  Mexican  silver 
weighs  about  seventy  tons. 


Labor  Unions. 

The  question  of  labor  unions  has  entered  the  mining 
world  the  same  as  every  place  else,  and  it  adds  an- 
other factor  to  the  problem  of  the  investor  as  to  how 
he  shall  get  a  return  on  his  investment.  The  thing 
has  been  threshed  over  so  much  by  writers  and 
talkers  that  a  few  primary  facts  seem  partially 
overlooked. 

There  is  nothing  new  in  the  movement,  though  the 
method  of  operation  is  somewhat  different  from 
former  procedure.  Men  who  have  little  ambition, 
and  who  apparently  expect  to  work  for  other  people 
all  their  lives,  have  concluded  that  the  old  Bible  story 
of  labor  being  "a  curse "  is  true,  and,  accordingly, 
that  the  less  they  work  the  less  cursed  they  will  be, 
and,  meanwhile,  the  more  they  can  get  for  what 
they  do  the  better  off  everybody  will  be.  The  idea  is 
based  on  a  wrong  understanding  of  the  primal  facts. 
The  dignity  of  labor,  the  freedom  of  the  individual 
man  and  the  joy  of  useful,  honorable,  helpful  exist- 
ence is  discarded  for  the  dull  combination  of  destroy- 
ing force  which  cuts  down  all  degrees  of  usefulness 
to  the  dead  level  of  mediocrity  and  makes  the  least 
skillful  man  the  standard  for  all  the  rest.  True,  the 
written  code  of  many  labor  unions  provide  for  high 
standards  of  skill  in  the  craft,  but  it  is  equally  true 
that  the  chief  requirement  is  the  payment  of  fixed 
dues,  obedience  to  rules,  and  the  total  surrender  and 
extinction  of  all  individual  rights.  The  chief,  and,  in 
cases  the  only  object,  seems  to  be  to  make  demands 
upon  the  employer.  If  these  demands  are  conceded 
then  the  union  claims  it  to  be  a  proof  of  the  justice  of 
its  demands,  regardless  of  the  real  facts  or  how  the 
result  was  produced. 

Usually  the  demand  made  is  for  increase  of 
wages,  or  shorter  hours,  or  a  recognition  of  the 
union,  the  last  being  the  most  prolific  cause  of 
trouble.  Success  is  more  fatal  than  failure,  as  it 
fills  the  minds  of  the  successful  strikers  with  the 
idea  that  an  incompetent  man  is  worth  as  much 
and  should  get  as  high  a  wage  as  the  competent  man, 
with  the  result  that  the  ordinary  law  of  supply  and 
demand  is  thrown  over,  and  the  rate  of  wages  paid 
is  not  determined  by  the  worth  of  the  man  receiving 
them,  but  by  the  demand  of  his  union. 

But  it  must  constantly  be  borne  in  mind  that  the 
relations  between  the  employer  and  the  employe,  so 
far  as  hours  and  wages  are  concerned,  are  governed 
by  great  natural  laws  over  which  neither  employer 
nor  employe  have  control — the  law  of  the  business 
world,  which  pays  no  heed  to  the  wishes  of  wage 
giver  or  taker.  Thus  it  is  that,  as  regards  wages, 
when  times  are  good  wages  will  advance  regardless 
of  the  action  of  miners,  and  when  times  are  bad  no 
union  can  maintain  a  fixed  wage  scale.  Wages  ad- 
vance or  decline  according  to  the  eternal  law  of  supply 
and  demand,  as  is  proved  by  the  history  of  labor 
unions,  which  shows  that  in  strikes  for  advance  of 
wages  80%  have  been  successful,  while  in  strikes 
against  the  reduction  of  wages  but  20%  have  been 
even  temporarily  successful. 

That  labor  unions  are  beneficial  is  not  to  be  denied  ; 
that  they  are  susceptible  of  greater  good  is  equally 
manifest,  and  one  good  way  to  advance  their  usefulness 
is  that  they  be  Americanized,  that  the  members  of  any 
union  recognize  the  difference  between  Old  World 
and  New  World  conditions  and  meet  the  progress 
and  the  spirit  of  the  century  by  less  of  that  old 
tyrannical  flavor  from  across  the  sea,  and  more  of 
the  open,  hearty  co-operation  that  is  a  part  of 
American  commercial  usage.  Any  worker  in  any 
capacity,  whether  employer  or  employe,  is  deserving 
of  a  fair  division  of  the  profits  arising  from  the  re- 
sults of  their  joint  labor,  and  members  of  labor  unions 
can  best  secure  their  stated  desire  of  advancement 
by  ignoring  those  of  their  leaders  who  act  in  ignor- 
ance or  defiance  of  business  laws  and  requirements, 
and  by  exercising  their  own  individual  common  sense 
and  manhood. 


PROBABLY  as  the  outcome  of  the  agitation  last 
spring  over  the  extensive  timber  land  filings  in 
Plumas,  Lassen  and  Shasta  counties,  California,  and 
the  repeated  charges  of  fraudulent  entries,  the  Gov- 
ernment has  withdrawn  from  entry  272,000  acres  in 
the  Susanville,  Cal.,  land  office.  This  tract  will  be 
included  in  the  Warner  mountain  forest  reserve.  A 
large  portion  of  the  land  in  that  section  is  covered 
with  fine  timber. 


July  4,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


C 


CONCENTRATES. 


The  man   who  la  right  and  knows  It  never  offers  to 
compromise  as  long  as  he  Is  determined  to  remain  right. 
* 

MOST  diamond  drills  are  so  constructed  that  they  can 
bore  at  any  doslred  angle,  and  the  capacity  ranges  from 
200  or  300  to  5000  feet  or  more,  according  to  size  of  ma- 
chine. 

* 

Large  bodies  of  soft  ore  are  stoped  In  various  re- 
gions, but  only  successfully  underground  by  some  sys- 
tem Involving  filling,  to  sustain  the  overhanging  weight 
of  roof — either  ore  or  wall  rock. 
* 

When  heated  to  about  600°  C ,   aluminum   becomes 

brittle  and  at  a  higher  temperature  becomes  soft.     Zinc 

acts  In  much  the  same  way   under  similar  treatment. 

Either  may  be  pulverized  In  a  mortar  when  thus  heated. 

* 

The  fuel  bill  at  a  steam  plant  can  be  materially  less- 
ened by  providing  some  sort  of  water  heater  If  one  is  not 
already  In  place.  The  heater  utilized  the  steam  from 
the  engine  exhaust.  There  are  several  types  of  water 
heaters. 

* 

Rope  driving  is  an  economical  and  generally  satis- 
factory method  of  transmitting  power,  and  may  be 
accomplished  by  use  of  either  hemp,  manlla  or  steel 
ropes.  The  sheaves  must  be  suited  to  the  size  and  kind 
of  rope  for  the  best  results. 

The  duty  per  stamp  in  the  mills  on  the  Wltwaters- 
rand  varies  somewhat,  but  not  so  widely  as  In  some 
other  fields.  The  highest  "capacity  per  stamp"  re- 
ported Is  at  the  mill  of  the  Lancaster  West,  where  5  93 
tons  are  crushed  daily  per  stamp. 

* 
Eucalyptus  wood,  a  native  of  Australia,  but  now 
largely  grown  in  California,  Is  said  to  make  excellent 
stamp  stem  guides.  There  are  a  great  many  varieties  of 
this  wood,  but  the  red  gum  is  said  to  be  superior  for  the 
purpose  indicated,  requiring  a  minimum  of  lubrication. 

* 
IN  stamp-mill  construction  care  must  be  taken  to  pre- 
vent grease  from  getting  into  the  mortars  from  cams, 
guides,  or  elsewhere.  Care  must  also  be  taken  to  pre- 
vent sand  from  splashing  up  from  the  mortar  into  the 
guide  blocks,  as  the  grit  will  cause  both  stem  and  guide 
timbers  to  cut  rapidly. 

* 

Ores  containing  nickel  might  be  sent  to  the  Camden, 
N.  J  ,  Reduction  Works.  The  percentage  of  nickel 
which  will  pay  to  work,  like  any  other  metal,  depends 
upon  the  conditions  surrounding  it  and  the  situation. 
The  ore  is  usually  shipped  in  crude  state  or  made  Into 
matte  at  the  mine  and  this  product  shipped. 
* 

Shafts  intended  for  the  development  and  operation 
of  coal  mines  should  be  sunk  in  the  same  manner  as 
Bhafts  intended  for  metal  mines.  If  It  is  desirable  to 
drill  an  oil  well  the  best  plan  is  to  employ  an  experienced 
well  driller  and  have  the  hole  sunk  by  contract  at  a 
stated  price  per  foot.  Novices  in  well  drilling  often  find 
their  economy  misplaced. 

THE  reason  why  some  gold-bearing  ores  do  not  amal- 
gamate readily  is  because  the  particles  of  gold  are  coated 
with  a  thin  film  of  iron  oxide,  and  consequently  are  not 
attacked  by  mercury.  Grinding  usually  has  the  desired 
effect,  brightening  the  gold  when  it  Is  taken  up  readily 
by  the  quicksilver.  This  is  one  of  the  reasons  why  the 
arrastra  is  a  superior  device  for  amalgamating  gold  ores, 
particularly  those  occurring  in  the  oxidized  zone. 
* 

All  veins  and  ore  deposits  are  not  associated  with 
Igneous  rocks,  but  the  greater  number  and  most  valua- 
ble are.  It  has  also  been  noticed  that  where  there  was  a 
belt  of  schist,  slate  or  other  rock  in  which  gold-bearing 
veinB  occur,  and  where  a  portion  of  the  veins  thus  occur- 
ring are  associated  with  dikes  and  the  remaining  are  not, 
those  accompanied  by  dikes  are  usually  more  remunera- 
tive than  those  without  them.  This  is  a  subject  receiv- 
ing much  attention  of  late  from  mining  geologists. 
* 

NO  MILL  MAN  can  afford  to  cling  tenaciously  to  a  "  pet 
theory, "  for  an  attempt  to  apply  this  same  theory  to  a 
new  ore  in  another  district  may  give  unsatisfactory  re- 
sults. The  most  competent  mill  men  are  those  who 
have  a  wide  experience,  treating  many  kinds  of  ore  in 
many  different  districts.  This  sort  of  experience  gives 
a  man  broader  ideas  and  he  soon  is  weaned  away  from 
his  "  pet  theories, "  otherwise  he  must  quit  milling  for 
some  other  occupation.  Hard  and  fast  rules  will  not 
always  work  in  metallurgical  processes. 
* 

Replying  to  the  Dillon,  Colo.,  query,  the  125-volt,  12- 
ampere  dynamo  can  be  used  to  operate  eleetro-magnets 
for  the  separation  of  magnetite  from  black  sand.  A  sin- 
gle magnet  may  be  built,  or  a  group  connected  "in 
series,"  the  size  in  either  case  may  be  such  as  to  take 
only  a  part  or  the  entire  capacity  of  the  dynamo.  If  the 
former,  some  other  resistance  must  be  added  into  the 
circuit  to  make  up  the  difference  (either  use  a  series  of 
lamps  or  a  regular  rheostat)  The  electro-magnets  are 
made  up  of  a  cylindrical  coil  of  wire  wound  around  a  soft- 


iron  core  (preferably  a  bundle  of  small  straight  rods 
rather  than  a  solid  core).  The  coil  of  wire  is  connected 
directly  to  the  poles  of  the  dynamo,  except  where  other 
resistance  is  added,  which  may  be  on  either  side  of  the 
machine. 

* 
Malleable  cast  iron  is  made  of  a  special  composi- 
tion, cast  and  softened  subsequently  by  annealing.  The 
principal  difference  between  malleable  cast  iron  and 
other  castings,  such  as  car  wheels,  Is  due  chiefly  to  the 
condition  of  carbon  in  each.  The  tensile  strength  of 
malleable  castings  should  be  from  42,000  to  48,000  pounds 
per  square  Inch.  It  Is  not  considered  advisable  to  run 
them  much  over  50,000  pounds  per  square  inch  for  the 
reason  that  the  elasticity  Is  reduced  thereby,  thus  de- 
stroying one  of  the  most  valued  properties  of  malleable 
casting. 

* 

There  are  many  types  of  mortars.  They  differ  chiefly 
in  the  width  between  the  back  and  front  discharge.  A 
narrow  mortar  discharges  more  rapidly  than  a  wide  one ; 
screens  6et  inclining  outward  from  base  to  top  discharge 
more  readily  than  vertical  screens.  Most  modern  mor- 
tars are  fitted  with  liners,  which,  upon  becoming  worn, 
may  be  removed  and  replaced  with  new  linings.  This 
makes  the  life  of  a  mortar  almost  indefinite.  The  mod- 
ern mortar,  like  many  other  pieces  of  mining  and  milling 
machinery,  has  been  evolved  through  years  of  experi- 
ence and  experiment. 

* 

Gold  may  usually  be  bought  In  the  Central  and  South 
American  republics  at  considerably  below  Its  assay  value. 
Most  of  the  placer  gold  is  worth  from  $17  to  $19  per 
ounce  and  can  usually  be  purchased  at  $11  to  $12  per 
ounce  in  native  silver  money.  As  American  exchange  is 
only  about  50  cents  on  the  dollar,  one  can  practically  buy 
gold  dust  for  about  $5  an  ounce,  but  the  amount  of  gold 
thus  obtainable  is  so  small  at  any  one  place  as  to  render 
it  Inadvisable  to  undertake  any  expense  in  the  matter. 
The  most  of  the  gold  offered  for  sale  is  bought  up  by 
the  merchants  and  travelers  who  chance  to  learn  of  the 
whereabouts  of  the  gold.  In  Colombia,  S.  A  ,  platinum 
is  also  found  with  the  gold — nuggets  weighing  as  high 
as  14  ounces  having  been  discovered  recently.  The 
value  of  native  platinum  varies  greatly  from  $3  or  $4  to 
about  $20  per  ounce,  according  to  the  purity  of  the 
grains. 

Cupels  are  usually  made  of  pulverized  bone  ash,  free 
from  organic  matter,  ground  and  washed.  Few  assayers 
buy  their  cupels,  preferring  to  make  them.  Cupels  do 
not  stand  transportation  nor  rough  handling  well.  They 
are  made  by  moistening  the  bone  ash  with  just  sufficient 
warm  water  or  stale  bser,  to  ciuse  a  quantity  of  the  ash 
to  hold  together  when  compressed  in  the  hand.  It 
should  retain  this  shape  when  so  compressed,  but  crum- 
ble readily  when  disturbed.  Excellent  cupels  are  also 
made  from  ground  calcined  magneslte  (magnesium  car- 
bonate). The  action  of  the  cupel  in  absorbing  lead 
oxide  (litharge)  is  purely  mechanical  and  not  chemical. 
Experiment  might  prove  that  there  are  other  absorbent 
substances  which  would  make  good  cupels.  While  bone 
ash  and  calcined  magneslte  are  both  good  absorbents  of 
lead  oxide  the  cupel  must  not  be  compressed  too  tightly 
in  the  mold,  or  they  will  be  too  dense  to  work  properly. 

THE  only  material  difference  between  a  vein  cropping 
which  has  a  red  color  from  one  having  a  yellowish  or 
brownish  color  is  in  the  fact  that  the  red  is  due  to  an 
anhydrous  iron  oxide  and  the  yellow  or  brown  color  is 
due  to  a  hydrous  iron  oxide.  If  the  yellow  or  brown 
rock  be  burned,  thereby  driving  out  the  water  of  crys- 
tallization, it  will  become  red.  The  idea  that  red-colored 
vein  croppings  are  uniformly  of  higher  grade  than  those 
that  are  yellow  or  brown  is  not  borne  out  by  the  facts. 
In  both  cases  the  color  is  due  to  oxidation  of  the  normal 
ore,  which  on  investigation  will  usually  be  found  to  have 
been  iron  sulphide.  If  the  original  sulphide  was  rich  in 
precious  metals  the  oxidized  croppings  are  also  likely  to 
contain  good  values.  There  may  also  be  gold  present  in 
quartz,  Independent  of  the  iron  oxides.  The  oxidized 
zones  of  the  Homestake,  South  Dakota,  are  deep  red; 
the  veins  of  California  are  usually  yellowish  brown.  In 
Arizona  they  are  generally  brown,  but  in  some  districts 

are  red. ,  , 

* 

Large  capacity  in  stamp  batteries  is  not  always  syn- 
onymous with  soft  rock.  A  rock  may  be  so  soft  as  to 
completely  "choke"  up  the  screens,  filling  the  battery 
and  causing  much  trouble  and  delay.  Some  tuffs  con- 
taining gold  or  silver  act  in  this  manner  whenever  an 
attempt  Ib  made  to  force  large  capacity  upon  the  stamps. 
At  Calico,  Cal.,  some  years  since,  a  tufaceous  ore  could 
not  be  crushed  faster  than  four  tons  per  stamp  per  day, 
owing  to  the  soft,  spongy  nature  of  the  rock,  but  by  an 
admixture  of  flinty  rhyolite  or  brittle  barite  ore  the 
capacity  per  stamp  was  increased  to  five  and  six  tons  per 
Btamp  daily.  This  was  due  to  the  fact  that  the  hard, 
brittle  particles  of  the  rhyolite  or  barite,  and  sometimes 
jasper,  cut  the  soft,  pulpy  tuff,  driving  it  through  the 
screen,  keeping  the  latter  clean.  A  hard  granular  ore 
will  pulverize  and  pass  through  a  Bcreen  of  given  mesh 
more  quickly  than  hard,  flinty  ores  which  have  a 
spllntry  fracture.  Round-punched  screens  are  suitable 
for  the  former  and  slotted  screens  for  the  latter  rock. 
tt> 

Various  methods  of  extinguishing  mine  fires  are 
practiced.  The  most  successful  methods  are  tightly 
closing  all  openings  leading  into  the  mine  shafts,  tunnels, 
raises  to  the  surface,  etc;  flooding  the  mine  with  water; 
driving  steam  into  the  mine  workings,  and  sending  large 


volumes  of  carbon  dioxide  (carbonic  acid  gas)  into  the 
mine.  The  first  remedy  is  a  good  one  but  Is  not  always 
successful,  owing  to  the  fact  that  considerable  oxygen 
reaches  the  fire  through  cracks  and  pores  In  the  rock. 
The  second  method  Is  direct  and  efficient,  If  the  fire  can 
be  reached,  but  it  often  involves  heavy  loss  from  other 
causes  than  the  damage  by  fire,  disastrous  caves  often 
resulting;  beside  which,  the  expense  of  subsequently  re- 
moving the  water  is  always  heavy  and  requires  much 
time.  The  Injection  of  steam  into  the  workings  Is  not 
efficient  If  the  development  of  the  mine  is  extensive, 
owing  to  condensation.  Carbon  dioxide  is  usually  effica- 
cious when  other  schemes  fall,  as  the  gas  penetrates  to 
every  corner,  driving  out  the  air  and  smothering  the 
fire  as  effectually  as  water  would,  moreover,  the  gas  can 
be  readily  driven  out  of  the  workings  when  the  fire  has 
been  extinguished. 

* 

The  Sulman-Teed  process  of  extracting  gold  from 
its  ores  is  also  known  as  the  bromo-cyanide  process.  It 
depends  upon  the  chemical  reaction 

Cy  Br  +  3KCy  +  2Au  =  2KAuCy2  +  KBr. 

The  inventors  of  this  proceBB  claim  for  it  that  it  Is  su- 
perior to  the  ordinary  cyanide  methods  in  the  higher 
potential  of  cyanogen.  The  quantity  of  cyanogen  bro- 
mide in  solutions  is  determined  by  mixture  with  an 
excess  of  potassium  iodide,  and  acidification  with  hydro- 
chloric acid,  during  which  iodide  is  liberated  as  follows: 
Br  Cy  +  2HI  =  HBr  +  HCy  +  21. 

The  amount  of  iodide  is  determined  by  the  use  of 
sodium  tbiosulphate  in  the  usual  manner.  A  plant  em- 
ploying the  Sulman-Teed  proceBS  does  not  differ  from 
the  usual  type  of  cyanide  plant.  The  solution  Is  made 
up  in  a  single  tank,  containing  about  7%  bromide 
cyanogen,  which  is  added  to  the  ordinary  KCy.  solution, 
but  an  excess  must  be  avoided,  as  potassium  bromide  is 
decomposed  during  its  passage  through  the  zinc.  The 
amount  employed  should  not  exceed  one-fourth  the 
weight  of  potassium  cyanide  present. 
* 

Tuff  is  the  name  given  to  accumulations  of  volcanic 
ejectamenta  on  land  more  or  less  solidified  by  rain  and 
surface  waters.  They  are  of  various  kinds,  as  for  in- 
stance, quartz  porphyry  tuff,  porphyry  tuff,  feldspathic 
ash.  These  are  usually  compact  "claystone,"  colored 
white,  buff,  various  shades  of  yellow,  green,  brown  and 
pther  colors,  often  including  quartz  crystals,  mica  and 
organic  substances.  Tuff  of  this  description  is  often 
hard  and  rings  like  pottery.  Rhyolite  tuff,  rhyolite 
pearlite  tuff,  rhyolite  pumice  tuff  and  trachyte  tuff  are 
abundant  in  many  volcanic  regions.  These  occur  as 
earthy  masses  of  various  colors,  usually  white  or  gray- 
ish. Often  quarried  and  employed  as  a  building  stone. 
It  may  generally  be  easily  Bawn  or  cut  out  with  an  ax, 
and  trimmed  to  the  desired  size  and  shape.  Trass  Is 
tuff,  formed  from  mud  streams  due  to  melting  snows  or 
rain.  There  are  also  phonolite  tuff,  andeslte  tuffs,  basalt 
tuffs,  diabase  tuffs,  etc.  These  rocks  may  or  may  not  be 
stratified.  Those  deposited  on  land  are  usually  massive 
and  show  little  Bign  of  stratification,  but  there  are  tuffs 
deposited  under  water  which  are  generally  distinctly 
stratified.  Such  material  has  been  named  tufflte,  and 
tuffoid  Is  the  name  given  to  tufflte  that  has  been  altered 
by  regional  metamorphism.  In  some  regions  tuffs  are 
the  hearers  of  valuable  mineral  veins.  SiliciBed  tuffs  are 
reported,  but  are  of  rare  occurrence. 

Vanadium  was  discovered  in  1830  by  Sefstroven,  a 
Scandinavian  chemist,  who  obtained  the  mineral  from  a 
specimen  of  Iron  ore  taken  from  the  mines  at  Taberg, 
Sweden.  It  was  subsequently  produced  in  considerable 
quantity  from  the  Blags  from  the  Taberg  blast  furnaces. 
Vanadium  has  a  specific  gravity  of  5.5  and  is  a  light 
grayish  white  metal,  of  silver-white  luster.  Its  reduc- 
tion from  pantoxide  to  the  metallic  state  Is  accomplished 
by  heating  the  oxide  in  the  electric  furnace,  under  the 
addition  of  reducing  agents.  It  is  Insoluble  in  hydro- 
chloric acid  or  aqueous  alkalies,  but  is  attacked  by  sul- 
phuric acid  and  readily  dissolved  by  dilute  or  concen- 
trated nitric  acid.  When  fused  with  caustic  soda,  hy- 
drogen is  evolved  and  sodium  vanadate  is  produced.  It 
is  obtained  from  iron  ores  containing  it  by  mixing  the 
finely  powdered  ore  with  niter  and  heating  the  mixture 
in  a  fireclay  crucible  to  complete  fusion.  The  cooled 
mass  contains  the  vanadium  compounds  In  the  form  of 
potassium  vanadate,  which  is  then  treated  in  boiling 
water,  the  solution  thus  obtained  Ib  filtered,  nearly  neu- 
tralized with  nitric  acid  and  mixed  with  a  solution  of 
barium  chloride  or  nitrate,  to  precipitate  the  insoluble 
barium  vanadate.  This  Is  separated  from  the  liquid  by 
filtration,  washed  with  water  and  decomposed  by  heat- 
ing with  dilute  sulphuric  acid.  The  acid  liquid  thus  re- 
sulting is  then  filtered  from  the  precipitated  barium  sul- 
phate, neutralized  with  ammonia,  concentrated  by  evap- 
oration on  the  water  bath  and  cooled.  Solid  pieces  of 
ammonium  chloride  are  then  introduced  into  the  solu- 
tion, when  ammonium  meta- vanadate,  soluble  in  water 
but  insoluble  In  a  concentrated  solution  of  ammonium 
chloride,  gradually  separates  out  after  long  standing. 
The  vanadate  thus  formed  ia  then  filtered  off,  washed 
with  a  concentrated  solution  of  ammonium  chloride, 
dried  and  gently  heated  in  an  open  crucible.  Vanadium 
ia  often  associated  with  ores  of  uranium.  Vanadium 
may  be  recognized  by  the  yellow  color  given  to  the  salt 
of  phosphorus  bead  in  the  oxidizing  flame  before  the 
blowpipe.  Vanadium  pentoxide  is  worth  about  $1  per 
pound,  the  price  having  fallen  since  the  discovery  of 
considerable  quantities  of  vanadium  with  uranium  ores 
in  Colorado. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


JuK  4  uu3. 


nining  at  the  Homestake  nine. 

The  Homestake  mine  at  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  is  the 
largest  gold  mining  enterprise  in  the  world.  The 
original  Homestake  claim  was  staked  in  1876.  It  is 
surrounded  by  claims  which  lie  in  a  belt  or  zone  over 
2000  feet  wide  and  more  than  10,000  feet  long.  The 
properties  of  the  Homestake  company  include  the 
Homestake  No.  2,  Giant  and  Old  Abe,  Palmetto, 
American  Flag,  Clara,  Big  Missouri,  Highland  Chief, 
Gold«n  Star,  Golden  Terra,  Deadwood,  Caledonia, 
Father  De  Smet,  Justice,  Belcher  and  numerous 
others.  In  the  passing  years  these  several  mines, 
mostly  owned  and  operated  individually,  have  been 
consolidated  in  groups  and  finally  absorbed  by  the 
central  company — the  Homestake — until  these  mines, 
noted  in  their  day,  have  to  a  great  extent  lost  their 
identity.  The  principal  mines  and  mills  of  the  group 
originally  were  the  Homestake,  at  first  with  a  mill  of 
thirty-five  light  stamps,  which  was  removed  in  1878 
and  a  mill  of  eighty  heavy  stamps  built.  This  was 
followed  by  the  Highland  Chief  with  120  stamps  and 
the  Golden  Star  with  120  stamps;  the  Caledonia  had 
originally  twenty  stamps  some  distance  from  the 
mine,  but  later  built  a  60-stamp  mill  at  the  mine; 
the  Golden  Terra  and  Deadwood  mines  had  sixty 
stamps  each.  These  mines  afterward  were  consoli- 
dated and  the  mills  made  one  by  the  removal  of  sixty 
stamps  of  the  Deadwood  to  the  Terra  mill.  The 
Father  De  Smet  had  originally  ten  stamps,  but  this 
mill  was  torn  down  and  one  of  100  stamps  built. 
Many  changes  have  since  been  made  until  now  the 
Homestake  company  operates  900  stamps. 

In  describing  the  mining  methods  at  the  Home- 
stake  the  Lead  City  Call  says:  The  Star  shaft  was 
the  first  sunk  by  the  company  that  is  now  being 
used,  and  the  only  one  in  the  ore  body,  properly 
speaking.  In  sinking  this  shaft  a  station  was  cut 
every  100  feet  and  a  level  thus  established.  A 
crosscut  was  then  driven  to  the  foot  wall  on  each 
level.  These  crosscuts  are  usually  12  feet  wide  for 
double  track.  Commencing  at  50  feet  from  the  shaft 
a  drift  21x12  starts  off  the  main  header,  and  one  on 
each  side  of  the  latter  on  the  north  and  on  the  south. 
These  are  continued  with  the  ore  body  until  the  latter 
is  exhausted.  Sixty  feet  farther  west  the  same 
methods  are  pursued  in  the  several  instances  until 
the  foot  wall  is  reached.  Each  level  contains  a  double 
track  drift  to  the  Old  Abe  shaft.  These  are  used  to 
transport  ore  from  shaft  to  shaft. 

Having  blocked  out  the  ore  the  next  step  is  cross- 
cutting.  No.  1  is  started  about  60  feet  north  or 
south,  as  the  case  may  be,  of  the  main  header,  and  is 
widened  to  60  feet. 

Timbering  in  the  Homestake  is  by  the  square-set 
system  and  sills  are  employed.  These  consist  of  12 
and  6-foot  pieces  of  timber,  the  latter  being  known 
as  "ties."  These  are  laid  to  form  squares  every  6 
feet.  These  sills  are  laid  on  the  floor  and  the  space 
between  sets  is  filled  in  with  dirt.  With  the  comple- 
tion of  these  the  standing  of  the  sill- floor  posts  will  be 
8  feet  high.  These  posts  range  in  dimensions  from  18 
inches  to  2  feet.  The  caps  and  ties  are  then  put  in 
place,  forming  the  square  set. 

Lagging  over  consists  in  laying  a  floor  of  timber 
not  less  than  6  inches  in  thickness  and  5  feet  10  inches 
in  length,  from  cap  to  cap.  In  some  instances  these 
stopes  extend  a  distance  of  ninety  sets,  and,  having 
60  feet  to  break  to,  long  holes  can  be  drilled  with  the 
machine  drills,  breaking  large  quantities  of  rock. 
As  soon  as  sloping  has  progressed  upward  above  the 
first  or  sill-floor  set  to  warrant  it,  timber  for  the 
next  is  placed.  This  raising  up  is  continued  until 
eight  or  nine  floors  have  been  completed,  depending 
largely  on  the  condition  of  the  ground,  when  a  small 
raise  is  run  to  the  next  level  and  the  work  of  filling 
in  with  waste  is  begun.  All  that  is  necessary  is  to 
remove  lagging,  leaving  the  other  timbers  standing. 
When  this  has  been  accomplished  to  the  height  at- 
tained the  remainder  of  the  ore  is  taken  out  to  the 
next  level.  As  the  ore  is  broken  it  is  shoveled  into 
mill  holes  left  in  the  floor,  the  ore  passing  to  the  ore 
bins  in  the  lower  sets,  whence  by  means  of  chutes  it 
is  drawn  into  cars  for  transportation  to  the  shaft. 

The  next  stope  is  started  60  feet  from  No.  1,  thus 
leaving  a  pillar  of  solid  ground  60  feet  wide,  and  as 
the  system  is  pursued  on  each  level  a  solid  pillar 
extends  clear  through,  which  holds  the  immense 
weight  and  makes  mining  on  this  large  scale  practi- 
cable. In  time,  probably  years  to  come,  after  the 
levels  have  all  been  worked  in  the  manner  described 
and  the  stopes  filled  with  waste,  the  pillars  may  be 
removed,  but  up  to  the  present  time,  owing  to  the 
immense  body  of  ore  encountered,  the  cutting  of 
pillars  has  not  been  attempted  except  in  a  very  few 
instances. 

The  cost  of  timbering  in  square  sets  per  ton  of  ore 
varies  greatly,  but  is  estimated  to  range  from  30 
cents,  under  favorable  conditions,  as  to  cost  of  tim- 
ber, character  of  ground,  etc.,  to  50  or  60  cents 
under  more  expensive  and  less  satisfactory  condi- 
tions. The  variable  cost  of  labor  also  is  important, 
as  well  as  the  size  of  timbers  employed.  Where  very 
large  timbers,  as  in  this  mine,  are  used  the  timber 
gang  from  necessity  is  larger  than  where  the  tim- 
bers are  relatively  small,  more  men  being  required  to 


handle  the  large  timbers,  which  are  often  24  inches  or 
more  in  diameter,  weighing  upwards  of  800  pounds. 

Stoping  without  timber,  or  the  "bull  pen  "  system, 
as  it  is  called  by  the  miners,  is  another  method  of 
mining  these  large  ore  bodies  that  has  been  practiced 
by  this  company  during  the  past  two  years.  The 
sUls  and  sill  floor  timbers  are  put  in  one  set  high  as 
in  a  timbered  stope,  and  the  broken  rock  falls  be- 
tween the  sets,  with  the  exception  of  over  the  lines  of 
track,  where  the  rock  is  handled  by  the  carmen. 
The  latter  is  lagged  over  and  laced  on  the  sides  as  a 
protection  to  the  men  taking  out  the  rock  below. 
The  rock  broken  accumulates  so  much  faster  than  it 
can  be  utilized  below  that  the  miners  are  enabled  to 
work  on  top  of  the  pile.  The  upward  stoping  is  con- 
tinued until  not  more  than  20  feet  still  remains  be- 
tween the  back  and  the  next  level,  when  operations 
are  suspended,  and  the  rock  thus  broken  is  drawn 
off.  Here  again  the  same  methods  are  pursued  as  in 
a  timbered  stope,  viz. :  The  running  of  a  small  raise 
and  filling  of  waste,  after  which  the  remaining  rock 
is  removed. 

Man-ways  for  the  safety  and  convenience  of  the 
miners  and  the  disposition  of  air  pipes,  etc.,  are  pro- 
vided in  the  stope  next  to  the  pillar.  These  man- 
ways  consist  of  one  square  set  of  timber.  In  order 
to  insure  this  set  standing  as  the  loose  rock  is  drawn 
out,  in  addition  to  the  bracing,  holes  are  drilled  into 
the  pillar  at  regular  intervals  and  a  strong  piece  of 
steel  inserted,  the  outside  posts  being  tied  to  these 
by  means  of  wire  ropes.  Each  level  contains  a  great 
many  small  raises,  probably  4.J  feet  square,  from  level 
to  level,  to  permit  the  escape  of  the  gas  and  smoke. 

The  waste  rock  to  fill  the  stopes  is  partly  supplied 
by  dead  work,  all  the  ground  thus  broken  being  util- 
ized for  this.  But  the  bulk  of  it  comes  from  the 
open  cut  north  of  the  Star  hoist.  In  several  of  the 
upper  levels,  and  as  far  down  as  the  400-foot  level, 
raises  have  been  put  through  to  the  surface,  and  the 
rock  as  it  is  broken  falls  into  these  and  is  drawn  out 
as  desired,  when  it  can  be  hoisted  at  one  of  the 
numerous  hoists  to  the  level  where  it  is  wanted. 
Considerable  ore  has  also  been  taken  from  this  cut, 
being  blasted  out  after  the  waste  has  been  stripped 
from  it. 

Several  years  since,  when  the  hoisting  capacity  of 
the  Homestake  was  pushed  to  its  utmost  to  keep  the 
mills  going,  the  establishing  of  ore  bins  in  the  mines 
was  undertaken.  These  bins  are  started  on  timbers 
and  widened  upward  as  stoping  is  carried  on  to  a 
certain  height,  when  they  are  narrowed  again  as  the 
level  above  is  reached,  leaving  a  hole  sufficient  to 
dump  the  ore  from  above.  Each  of  these  will  hold 
1000  tons  of  ore,  and  some  more,  thus  enabling  the 
management  to  have  a  reserve  supply  on  hand  suf- 
ficient to  keep  the  mills  running  for  several  days. 

The  Homestake  is  not  a  wet  mine  as  compared 
with  some  others,  still  considerable  water  is  en- 
countered. The  drainage  is  effected  by  means  of  a 
large  pump  Bituated  on  the  1100-foot  level.  A  brick 
building,  60  feet  long  by  20  wide,  was  constructed  in 
a  large  chamber  cut  in  the  rock  for  this  purpose. 
The  walls  are  ?i  feet  wide  at  the  base  and  2  feet  at 
the  top,  and  10  feet  in  height.  The  roof  is  arched 
and  at  the  highest  point  is  18  feet  above  the  floor. 
A  brick  building  of  these  dimensions  containing  300,- 
000  bricks,  1100  feet  below  ground,  is  something 
unheard  of  elsewhere.  A  Beidler  pump,  with  a 
capacity  of  500  gallons  per  minute,  has  been  installed 
within  the  structure  and  handles  the  water  with  ease. 

Machine  drills,  run  by  compressed  air,  are  used, 
there  being  about  200  of  them. 

Something  like  150  miles  of  steel  track  is  laid  in 
the  Homestake  and  eighty-five  head  of  horses  and 
mules  are  employed.  All  the  main  headings  are 
lighted  by  electricity,  as  are  also  all  stations.  A 
sawmill  at  the  Highland  hoist  is  kept  busy  night  and 
day  cutting  the  timber,  making  wedges,  lagging,  etc. 

The  Homestake  is  now  opened  up  to  a  depth  of 
1100  feet.  At  least  400  men  on  each  shift  (night  and 
day)  are  employed. 

The  Homestake  mine  has  a  record  of  gold  produc- 
tion exceeding  $90,000,000.  Of  this  sum  $30,000,000 
has  been  profits,  $18,000,000  of  which  has  been  dis- 
bursed to  stockholders  in  dividends,  and  $12,000,000 
in  the  purchase  and  betterment  of  property.  The 
Homestake  alone  has  paid  over  $12,000,000  in  divi- 
dends in  296  successive  monthly  payments,  covering 
a  period  of  twenty-four  years  and  eight  months  up  to 
June,  1903. 

The  operations  of  the  Homestake  cover  2  miles  on 
the  strike  of  the  lode,  with  twenty  years  of  reserve 
ore  explored  in  its  territory — equal  to  26,000,000 
tons— above  the  1100-foot  level,  the  deepest  explora- 
tion. The  company  now  operates  six  stamp  mills, 
with  a  total  of  900  stamps,  reducing  3600  tons  of  ore 
daily;  and  two  cyanide  mills  of  800  and  1300  tons 
capacity,  respectively,  which  treat  the  tailings  from 
the  mills  direct.  It  has  five  working  shafts  equipped 
with  steam  hoists. 


Regeneration  of  Cyanide  Solutions. 

In  the  article  written  by  William  Orr,  on  "Eegen- 
eration  of  Cyanide  Solutions,"  which  appeared  in  the 
issue  of  June  20,  in  the  fifth  paragraph  it  speaks  of 
the  regeneration  of  the  H2S  from  ZnS3.  This  is  an 
error  and  should  have  read;  "The  regeneration  of 
H2S  (hydrogen  sulphide)  from  ZnS  (zinc  sulphide)." 


Filter-Press  Treatment  of  Gold  Ores 
and  Slimes  By  Cyanide. 

The  treatment  of  finely  slimed  gold  ores  by  the 
cyanide  or  bromo-cyanide  process  has,  during  the 
last  few  years,  caused  much  discussion  and  experi- 
ment among  the  metallurgical  engineers  of  this  and 
other  countries. 

The  process  of  filter-press  cyanidation,  first  used 
in  the  Kalgoorlie  gold  fields  of  Western  Australia  for 
the  treatment  of  the  sulpho-telluride  ores,  has  been 
so  far  perfected  as  to  prove  the  efficiency  of  the  sys- 
tem on  finely  pulverized  pulps,  and  to  demonstrate 
that  close  extraction  can  be  obtained  by  this  means 
on  talcy  slimes. 

The  systems  at  present  in  vogue  for  crushing  gold 
ores  have  for  their  first  object  the  avoidance  of  the 
production  of  slimes — owing  to  the  difficulty  of  treat- 
ing the  latter — but  it  has  been  found  that  a  stamp 
battery  or  any  other  system  of  crushing  will  always 
produce  a  percentage  (small  or  great,  according  to 
the  character  of  the  ores)  of  slimes  that  are  not 
amenable  to  direct  leaching  treatment  in  vats  by 
percolation  or  natural  subsidence. 

The  decantation  system  for  the  treatment  of  slimes 
has  proved  successful  on  pulps  of  a  talcose  nature, 
but  some  difficulties  have  been  experienced  in  the 
economical  extraction  of  values,  owing  to  the  long 
period  required  aDd  the  heavy  consumption  of  cya- 
nide, the  latter  due  to  the  excessive  period  of  contact 
under  agitation. 

One  of  the  first  principles  laid  down  by  Eisner  is 
that  "during  the  process  of  dissolving  gold  in  cya- 
nide solutions  the  presence  of  an  oxidizing  agent  such 
as  air  is  necessary."  This  is  the  underlying  princi- 
ple in  the  filter-press  process  of  cyanidation. 

On  the  Band,  South  Africa,  where  operations  in  the 
percolation  process  have  been  conducted  on  an 
enormous  scale,  vats  of  as  much  as  900  tons  capacity 
are  sometimes  employed,  and  the  time  required  for 
treatment,  including  dissolving  the  gold  and  the  final 
washing  out  of  the  solution  remaining  in  the  bed  after 
the  gold  has  been  brought  into  solution,  is  from  one 
to  three  weeks. 

Where  single  percolation  plants  capable  of  dealing 
with  many  hundreds  of  tons  per  day  are  in  use,  the 
large  size  of  the  plant  required  can  be  readily  real- 
ized. Although  the  plant  seems  to  be  very  simple  in 
character,  yet,  owing  to  its  extent,  it  is  expensive, 
compared  with  a  filter-press  plant  of  equal  capacity. 

The  latter  process  for  capacity  depends  largely 
upon  the  fact  of  a  high  pressure,  urged  or  forced  fil- 
tration, that  accomplishes  in  a  little  over  an  hour 
the  results  in  extraction  that  are  gained  in  ten  or 
fifteen  days  by  the  percolation  or  natural  subsidence 
systems.  At  this  rate  a  filter  press,  capable  of  deal- 
ing with  five  tons  of  ore  at  each  charge,  would  be 
equal  in  output  to  a  percolating  vat  of  1000  tons 
capacity.  This,  of  course,  is  in  the  treatment  of 
slimes. 

There  are  cases  where  the  slimes  contain  a  good 
deal  of  sharp  sand  and  are  more  permeable,  when 
satisfactory  results  are  obtained  by  percolation;  but 
in  the  case  of  the  filter-pressing  system  it  does  not 
matter  how  slimy  the  ore,  if  proper  precautions  are 
taken  to  produce  uniformly  permeable  cakes,  a  high 
percentage  of  extraction  is  the  result. 

If  other  than  uniformly  graded  sharp  sand  pulp 
material  is  pumped  or  dumped  into  a  percolating 
vat,  the  bed  becomes  more  compacted  in  some  parts 
than  in  others,  thus  leaving  some  porous  and  some 
dense  parts.  Then  when  the  solvent  liquor  is  pumped 
on  to  such  percolator  with  its  bed  variably  dense  and 
porous,  what  may  be  called  "  short  circuiting  "  takes 
place,  that  is  to  say,  it  passes  readily  through  the 
more  porous  parts  of  the  bed,  leaving  the  more  com- 
pacted portions  untreated,  or  very  slightly  acted  on, 
by  the  cyanide  solution. 

In  the  case  of  filter-press  treatment,  means  are 
taken  to  insure  the  most  perfect  homogeneity  and 
uniform  permeability,  or  porosity,  of  the  cakes  of  ore 
deposited  in  the  chambers  of  the  filter  press. 

In  the  filter  press  of  the  American  Filter  Press 
Extraction  Co.  of  Denver,  Colo.,  a  method  is  provided 
to  secure  the  required  filter  bed  of  uniform  permea- 
bility. This  bed  admits  of  the  solution  contained  in 
same,  both  as  to  dissolved  gold  and  cyanide,  being 
readily  displaced  without,  or  with  very  little,  admix- 
ture of  the  wash  water. 

In  dealing  with  material  of  slimy  character,  the 
percolation  process  is  not  advantageous,  and  the  re- 
sults will  be  more  imperfect  the  more  slimy  the 
material.  Percolation  is  alone  suitable  for  dealing 
with  sharp  sands,  in  which  the  difficulties  of  forming 
a  uniformly  permeable  filter  bed  are  a  minimum. 

Experience  has  shown  that  the  most  of  these 
materials  have  yielded  readily  to  the  filter-press 
process  and  given  a  high  percentage  of  gold  extrac- 
tion. 

In  general,  with  regard  to  percolation  and  natural 
subsidence  processes  in  the  treatment  of  slimes,  the 
principal  defects  are  low  per  cent  of  extraction  of 
total  gold,  owing : 

(a)  To  imperfect  methods  of  bringing  the  gold  into 
solution. 

(b)  To  short  circuiting  of  the  wash  water  through 


July  4,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


the  more   permeable  part  of  the  bed  or  ore;  and  in 
the  case  of  subsidence. 

(c)  To  loss  of  gold  remaining  in  solution  in  the 
solvent,  in  which  the  particles  of  ore  are  suspended 
at  the  termination  of  the  process. 

(d)  Further,  the  loss  of  chemicals  in  both  pro- 
cesses by  dilution  is  very  great. 

A  filter  press  is  essentially  a  high-pressure  ar- 
rangement of  filtration,  a  forced  or  urged  filtration, 
acting  under  hydraulic  pressure.  In  this  process 
there  are  available  from  100  to  200  feet  head  of  liquid 
against  a  few  feet  in  the  percolating  vat.  It  is 
also  practicable  in  the  case  of  the  filter  press  to  in- 
crease the  pressure  to  any  extent  which  may  be 
desired. 

The  saving  of  time  is  a  matter  of  prime  considera- 
tion. This  is  accomplished,  not  only  by  the  high 
pressure  or  forcing  referred  to,  but  by  reason  of  the 
shallow  filter  beds,  in  compact  form,  and  the  extended 
area  of  same,  resulting  from  the  use  of  a  battery  of 
filter  cells. 

The  chambers  of  the  press  can  be  fed  so  rapidly 
that  the  filtering  cells  are  filled  with  the  cake  in  so 
short  a  time  that  no  subsidence  takes  place;  and  the 
slimes  are  charged  into  the  filter  press  in  such  a 
state  of  concentration  that  subsidence  under  any  cir- 
cumstances would  be  greatly  retarded. 

Another  improvement  is  an  increase  of  the  depth 
of  the  filter  chamber. 

It  was  found  advantageous  to  increase  these  cham- 
bers to  two  or  three  inches.  This  proved  to  be  im- 
portant, inasmuch  as  the  production  of  cakes  of 
uniform  permeability  could  never  be  assured  in 
shallow  chambers  when  working  with  such  freely 
filtering  material. 

The  cakes  require  to  be  built  up  in  the  filter  cells 
under  pressure  in  order  that  they  shall  be  uniformly 
coherent.  When  the  cakes  are  built  up  in  this  fash- 
ion under  pressure,  it  is  found  that  they  are  much 
more  uniformly  porous  and  homogeneous  in  character. 

For  the  purpose  of  expeditiously  feeding  the  filter 
presses  large  feed  pipes  are  employed,  and  a  system 
of  forcing  by  means  of  compressed  air  from  an  air 
accumulator  or  storage  vessel,  in  which  a  consider- 
able volume  of  air  under  high  pressure  is  stored. 

The  next  point  of  importance  with  reference  to 
securing  the  production  of  a  uniformly  permeable 
cake  is  through  the  mixing  of  the  material  before  it 
is  delivered  into  the  filter  press,  so  as  to  secure 
homogeneous  slimes  having  both  the  fine  sandy  por- 
tion and  the  finer  slimy  portion  so  mixed  together  as 
to  be  uniform  in  character.  This  material  when 
forced  into  and  instantly  deposited  in  the  cells  of  the 
filter  press  forms  uniformly  permeable  cakes,  filling 
the  battery  of  cells  from  end  to  end  of  the  ma- 
chine. 

Attention  has  also  been  paid  to  the  matter  of  the 
preliminary  solution  of  the  gold  in  solvent  chemicals 
before  treatment  in  the  leaching  press.  For  this 
purpose  two  different  systems  of  agitating  vats  are 
provided.  The  first  is  a  special  form  of  mixing  vessel 
by  means  of  which  a  rapid  circulation  of  the  liquid 
from  top  to  bottom  is  obtained,  thus  avoiding  any 
possibility  of  subsidence  and  securing  a  homogeneous 
mixture  of  the  slimes,  as  well  as  the  direct  contact  of 
the  gold  with  the  solvent. 

This  machine  is  a  circular,  comparatively  shallow 
vat,  fitted  with  a  central  vertical  shaft,  driven  by 
beveled  gear  placed  either  above  or  below  the  vat, 
the  vertical  shaft  carrying  horizontal  radial  arms 
attached,  which  revolve  in  the  pulp  at  a  speed  com- 
mensurate with  the  size  of  the  vat  or  amount  of  pulp 
to  be  agitated. 

Another  device  is  one  in  which  the  pressure  tank  is 
used  as  an  agitator. 

A  worm-shaped  or  voluted  pipe  perforated  with 
mall  holes  is  placed  through  the  center  of  a  specially 
shaped  pressure  tank,  through  which  air  under  me- 
sium  pressure  is  forced,  giving  the  pulp  a  swirling 
or  rotary  action,  which  mixes  the  whole  of  the  parti- 
cles and  results  in  a  thorough  homogeneity  of  the 
mass. 

In  addition  to  the  process  of  agitation  in  the  latter 
device,  there  is  added  the  factor  of  aeration  for  the 
purpose  of  insuring  the  presence  of  a  sufficient 
amount  of  oxygen  to  enable  the  cyanide  to  efficiently 
do  its  work.  According  to  Professor  Eisner,  what 
takes  place  is  shown  in  the  following  equation  : 

4KCy  +  Au,  +  HzO  +  O  =  2  (KAuCy2  +  2KHO. 

(Cyanide      (Gold)      (Water)      (Oxygen)  (Auro  Potas-       (Potasstc 


Potassium) 


sic  Cyanide)       Hydrate* 


In  the  case  of  telluride  and  highly  arsenical  ores,  it 
has  often  been  found  necessary  to  apply  a  roast  be- 
fore attempting  to  extract  the  gold.  If  such  ores 
are  finely  pulverized,  and  no  copper  present,  an  ex- 
traction of  90%  to  98%  is  often  obtained  by  the  filter 
press  without  roasting.  In  some  cases  where  arsen- 
ical pyrites  in  large  quantities  are  present,  it  may 
be  necessary  to  obtain  a  preliminary  extraction  by 
concentration. 

At  some  mines  there  are  large  accumulations  of 
slimes  which  have  become  air  dried  and  are  ready  for 
immediate  treatment.  Oa  the  other  hand,  it  is 
desired  to  treat  slimes  as  they  come  from  the  bat- 
tery or  mill  to  avoid  accumulations. 

Accumulated  slimes  are  in  most  cases  in  a  semi- 
dry  condition,  requiring  preliminary  mixing  with 
water,  or  solution,  to  enable  them  to  be  forced  into 
the  pres3  in  pulp  form,  whereas  slime3  as  they  come 


from  the  battery  can  be  treated  direct.  In  both 
cases,  the  pulps  have  the  liquids  eliminated  immedi- 
ately they  are  forced  into  the  filter  press.  This  is 
necessary  to  avoid  the  loss  of  chemicals. 

In  the  treatment  of  dried  accumulated  slimes,  the 
material  to  be  treated  is  delivered  from  the  elevator 
chute  into  a  circular  vat  containing  radial  agitator 
arms,  moving  at  a  speed  of,  say,  thirteen  revolutions 
to  the  minute. 

Simultaneously  to  the  discharge  of  the  material 
into  the  vat,  there  should  be  a  pipe  conducting  weak 
cyanide  solution  which  will  wash  the  material  from 
the  chute  of  the  elevator  into  the  vat.  The  amount 
of  liquid  should  be  so  arranged  as  to  give  a 
pulp  containing  about  45%  solids.  The  nearer 
the  pulp  approximates  an  equal  proportion 
of  liquids  and  solids  the  better  it  is  for  after 
reatment. 

The  mixer  is  kept  charged  and  working 
continually,  being  kept  in  its  normal  working 
condition  fully  charged. 

From  the  mixing  tank  the  slimes,  with  the 
whole  of  the  gold  brought  into  solution  in  the 
cyanide,  and  in  a  uniform  and  homogeneous 
condition,  are  discharged   into  the  pressure 
tank  or  forcing  receiver.    The  pressure  tank 
is  specially  constructed  to  contain  about  two- 
thirds  more  than  the  capacity  of  the  filter 
press  when  fully  charged.      The  slimes,  on 
entering  the  receiver,  are  agitated  with  the 
central       perforated 
pipe     agitator,     the 
period  of  which  agi- 
tation is  variable,  ac- 
cording   to  the  com- 
position   of   the   ore. 
The  slimes  are   then 
forced  by  compressed 
air    into     the     filter 
press  at  from  sixty  to 
eighty  pounds  per  square  inch,  according  to  the  char- 
acter of  the  slimes. 

The  time  required  to  charge  the  filter  press  is  from 
three  to  eight  minutes,  and  it  is  important  that  a 
longer  time  should  not  be  employed  for  this  purpose, 
in  order  to  avoid  any  settlement  of  the  slimes  in  the 
chambers  of  the  press. 

The  time  employed  in  filling  the  machine  should  be 
as  short  as  possible.  Assuming  the  operation  of 
charging  the  filter  press  with  slimes  takes  five  min- 
utes, the  next  operation  of  alternate  washes  of 
strong  and  weak  solutions  under  air  pressure,  and 
the  washing  or  displacing  of  the  gold-bearing  solu- 
tion from  cakes,  will  require  about  thirty  minutes, 
so  that  the  whole  operation  of  charging,  leaching 
and  washing  will  take  approximately  from  one-half 
to  three-quarters  of  an  hour.  This  assumes  that  the 
slimes  to  be  worked  are  of  an  ordinary  porous  char- 
acter. If  they  are  more  of  a  sandy  nature,  less 
time  will  be  required  ;  if  of  a  plastic  and  slimy  nature, 
a  longer  time  will  be  required,  depending  upon  the 
condition  of  the  material. 

The  forcing  of  the  solution  and  wash  waters  through 
the  press  may  be  done  either  through  the  pressure 
tank  or  specially  constructed  forcing  receiver,  or  by 
pumps.  It  is  best  to  have  separate  zinc  boxes  for 
the  different  strength  (strong  and  weak)  cyanide 
solutions. 

The  contents  of  the  filter  press  are  then  discharged 
into  tip  trucks  or  on  to  conveyor  belts  by  unscrewing 
the  press  and  lifting  the.  frames  and  plates  apart. 
This  completes  the  operation. 

The  discharging  of  the  filter  press  and  adjusting 
the  cloths  for  the  next  working  will  take  from  twenty 
minutes  to  half  an  hour.  This  makes  the  whole  oper- 
ation of  working  and  filling  the  press  to  be  about  one 
and  a  half  hours,  but,  for  continuous  working,  it  is 
found  in  practice  that  it  is  not  safe  to  calculate  on 
less  than  two  hours,  so  that,  with  continuous  work- 
ing, the  daily  output  is  from  ten  to  twelve  charges 
for  twenty-four  hours. 

An  air  compressor  of  suitable  capacity  and  an  air 
receiver  are  used  to  work  the  forcing  and  washing 
arrangements.  In  the  treatment  of  dry  slime  accu- 
mulations it  would  be  advisable  to  pass  the  slimes 
through  a  coarse  screen,  prior  to  elevation  into  the 
mixing  tank.  This  will  remove  the  rubbish  that  in- 
variably collects  in  all  slime  dumps  (pieces  of  wood, 
ashes,  stone,  bagging,  etc.) 

This  screening  of  the  slimes  has  proved  to  be  im- 
portant, as  a  good  deal  of  trouble  has  been  occasioned 
on  account  of  rubbish  getting  into  the  channels  of  the 
filter  press. 

The  whole  of  the  platform  and  launders  leading  to 
the  mixing  tank  should  be  placed  at  a  suitable  incline, 
to  allow  slimes  to  flow  quickly  away,  and  a  point  of 
importance  in  mixing  the  slimes  is  to  maintain  a  con- 
stant relation  between  the  quantities  of  solid  slimes 
and  cyanide  liquor. 

A  good  plan  to  determine  the  strength  of  the  slimes 
is  to  use  a  hydrometer  of  special  construction,  and 
particular  care  should  be  taken  with  regard  to  this, 
as  otherwise,  if  the  slimes  are  too  weak,  the  forcing 
receiver  will  not  hold  the  charge  for  the  press. 

It  is  of  the  utmost  importance  that  there  should  be 
no  stoppage  in  charging  the  filter  press,  but  that  the 
whole  charge  should  be  blown  in  with  one  blow  from 
the  forcing  receiver. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Redfield  Rock  Drill. 

The  Redfield  hand-power  rock  drill,  as  now  made, 
is  of  steel,  each  part  interchangeable,  one  machine 
being  a  duplicate  of  the  other.  Seven-eighths  octagon 
steel  will  fit  the  chuck  without  swedging  the  shanks. 
The  drill  has  an  extra  long  double-thread  feedscrew, 
which  permits  the  operator  to  crank  the  drill  back 
rapidly  and  change  the  steel  readily.  It  also  has  a 
universal  joint,  which  by  giving  one  nut  a  half  turn, 
the  drill  may  be  tilted  to  either  side  out  of  the  line  of 
the  drill  hole,   so  that  long  steel  may  be  changed 


The  Redfield  Rock  Drill 

without  loosening  clamp  bolts;  the  drill  can  be  tilted 
back  in  alignment  easily.  It  is  operated  by  a  rotary 
movement  of  a  hand  crank,  without  any  jar  or  shock 
to  the  operator,  by  one  or  two  men.  It  is  claimed  by 
the  manufacturers  that  double  the  work  can  be  ac- 
complished with  this  drill  over  hammer  and  bit  with 
less  exertion.  The  drill  delivers  3*  strokes  for  each 
revolution  of  the  crank,  or  from  175  to  275  blows  per 
minute  when  running  at  ordinary  speed.  It  has  a 
tension  lever,  by  which  one  can  regulate  the  blows 
to  strike  hard,  medium  or  light  without  stopping  the 
drill.  The  machine  is  supplied  with  an  automatic 
feed  to  minimize  friction  and  to  enable  the  operator 
to  determine  when  his  bit  is  dull  or  broken,  for  it 
will  not  feed  up  if  the  bit  is  not  cutting.  The  Redfield 
hand-power  rock  drill,  illustrated  herewith,  was  in- 
vented by  J.  H.  Redfield  and  is  manufactured  by  the 
Redfield  Drill  Co.,  1606  Blake  St.,  Denver,  Colo. 


Weinland  Mechanical  Cleaner. 


It  would  seem  unusual  that  scale  would  be  al- 
lowed to  accumulate  in  boiler  tubes  to  the  thickness 
of  an  inch,  yet  the  Lagonda  Mfg.  Co.  of  Springfield, 
Ohio,  reports  cases  where  this  much  is  found  in  boiler 
tubes  which  they  are  frequently  called  upon  to  clean. 
The  cut  shown  herewith  represents  one  of  over  215 


Scale  in  Boiler  Tube. 


tubes  in  the  boilers  of  a  street  railway  company  in 
the  South.  The  engineers  were  surprised.  The 
water  was  bad,  and,  having  use  for  all  the  power 
the  boiler  would  furnish,  without  any  opportunity  to 
shut  down,  the  scale  accumulated  before  they  knew 
it.  They  were  about  to  cut  out  the  tubes  when  their 
attention  was  called  to  the  "Weinland"  mechanical 
cleaner,  which  they  purchased,  and  in  a  short  time, 
with  little  trouble  or  expense,  were  enabled  to  clean 
out  the  tubes  without  injury  to  them,  leaving  the  in- 
side in  good  condition.  The  firm  referred  to  makes  a 
full  line  of  cleaners  for  all  kinds  of  boilers,  notably 
the  turbine  cleaner.  In  the  majority  of  cases,  they 
say,  this  turbine  cleaner  does  the  work,  and  they  are 
ready  at  all  times  to  send  these  machines  on  ap- 
proval. They  make  a  business,  also,  of  cleaning 
boilers  by  contract,  and  will  be  glad  to  enter  into  cor- 
respondence with  anyone  having  any  inquiry  to  make 
about  such  work.  A  line  to  the  Lagonda  Mfg.  Co., 
Springfield,  Ohio,  will  bring  its  illustrated  cata- 
logue, showing  cleaners  at  work  and  other  interest- 
ing matter. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4,1 90S. 


Mining;  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 


PATENTS  ISSUED  JDNE  23.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Magnetic  Ore  Separator. 
Eriksson,  Falun,  Sweden. 


-No.  731,443  ;  K.  V.  A. 


In  magnetic  ore  separator,  combination  of  sepa- 
rating chamber  formed  by  vertical  plates,  trans- 
verse opening  in  separating  chamber,  rotatable 
shaft  inserted  through  opening,  means  for  rotating 
shaft,  electric  winding  on  shaft,  means  for  feeding 
electric  current  to  winding,  two  disks  rigidly  fixed 
to  shaft,  number  of  magnet  poles  on  each  disk 
adapted  to  run  close  to  walls  of  separating  chamber, 
feeding  channel  entering  with  lower  end  between 
magnet  poles,  and  discharge  channel  for  magnetic 
material  traversing  feeding  channel. 


Magnetic  Separator. — No.  731,446  : 
gren,  Falun,  Sweden. 


A.  E.  Fors- 


Combination  with  magnetic  ore  separator  having 
primary  and  secondary  magnet  poles  movable  in  rela- 
tion to  each  other,  frame  arranged  to  move  between 
primary  magnet  poles,  two  rows  of  secondary  pole 
pieces  fixed  opposite  each  other  in  frame,  and  inter- 
mediate row  of  openings  in  frame,  each  opening  ar- 
ranged between  one  pair  of  secondary  magnet  poles. 

Ore-Milling  Apparatus.— No.  731,634;  G.  R.  Tut- 
tle,  Grass  Valley,  Cal. 


An  ore-milling  apparatus  comprising  stamp  mor- 
discharge    lip    projecting    therefrom,   parallel 


tracks  arranged  transversely  to  mortar,  independ- 
ently movable  tables  working  thereon,  amalgamating 
plates  carried  by  table,  tables  being  arranged  that 
movement  of  one  table  into  field  of  action  forces  other 
table  with  amalgamating  plate  therefrom. 

Apparatus  for  Sizing  Ores  or  for  Other  Uses. 
—No.  731.522 ;  S.  R.  Swain,  El  Paso,  Tex. 


Combination  of  tank  having  partition  in  upper  part 
to  form  sieve  compartment  and  plunger  compart- 
ment communicating  at  lower  ends,  plurality  of  dif- 
ferently sized  sieves  supported  one  above  the  other 
in  sieve  compartment  which  sieves  are  closed  against 
entrance  of  water  except  through  openings  thereof, 
vertically  reciprocating  plungers  in  plunger  com- 
partment, means  for  feeding  material  to  be  sized  and 
water  to  upper  sieve,  and  overflow  pipe  located  out- 
side the  tank  and  leading  from  plunger  compartment 
below  normal  water  level. 


Rock   Drilling   Machine.- 
Heimrich,  Seattle,  Wash. 


-No.    731,569;    J.    G. 


In  rock  drilling  machine,  combination  with  frame 
having  cylindrical  body  portion,  ram  reciprocally 
mounted  in  body  portion,  crosshead  loosely  mounted 
on  ram,  spring  connections  between  crosshead  and 
ram,  lever  pivotally  connected  adjacent  to  one  end 
to  frame  and  provided  with  elongated  aperture  inter- 
mediate of  its  length,  sliding  connection  between 
crosshead  and  end  of  lever  opposite  pivotal  end, 
shaft  extending  transversely  through  frame,  motor 
secured  to  frame,  and  connection  between  motor  and 
shaft ;  of  a  sleeve  loosely  mounted  on  shaft  and  pass- 
ing through  aperture  of  lever,  eccentric  integral 
with  sleeve,  and  positioned  within  aperture,  boxing 
for  eccentric,  and  means  to  couple  shaft  to  sleeve. 

Method  or  Making  Stamp  Shoes  or  Dies. — No. 
731,748;  W.  Briaton,  Highbridge,  N.  J. 


,ni. 


^  fi>c 


sists  casting  body  with  heat-equalizing  opening,  hav- 
ing irregular  wall  surface,  heat  treating  body  by 
heating  and  cooling  it,  and  pouring  into  opening  of 
cooled  body  molten  metal  to  form  plug  which  as  it 
solidifies,  interlocks  with  walls  of  opening  and  owing 
to  contact  with  cooled  wall  of  opening  is  toughened; 

Water  Nozzles  for  Impact  Water  Wheels— No. 
731,570;  G.  J.  Henry,  Jr.,  San  Francisco  Cal. 


Method  manufacturing  stamp  shoes  or  dies,  con- 


In  combination  with  impact  wheel,  water  nozzle 
provided  with  series  outlet  openings,  nozzle  tip  for 
each  outlet  opening,  plates  secured  to  nozzle  opposite 
sides  of  nozzle  tips  and  projecting  outwardly  to  point 
beyond  discharge  ends  of  tips,  inwardly  turned 
flanges  at  free  ends  of  plates,  and  cut-off  slidable  be- 
tween plates  and  between  flanges  thereof  and  dis- 
charge ends  of  nozzle  tips. 


Process  of  Forging  Rock  Drills.— No.  731,727 
W.  W.  Word,  Soulsbyville,  Cal. 


Process  forging  and  shaping  rock  drills,  which  con- 
sists swaging  end  of  drill  blank  to  bring  it  to  flaring 
cruciform  shape  having  wings  right  angles  and  an- 
gular depressions  between,  then  swaging  terminal 
portion  to  condense  and  shorten  wing  corners,  and 
finally  forming  cutting  edges  of  wings  by  means  of 
endwise  blows  delivered  thereon  through  suitable  ap- 
pliances from  center  successively  outward,  which 
reduce  and  draw  redundant  metal  from  center  out- 
ward, fill  out  corners,  and  form  finished  V-shaped 
solid  edges  all  lying  in  same  plane. 


Machine   for    Separating    Ores. — No. 
D.  S.  Decker,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


731,438  ; 


Combination  in  separator  with  supporting  frame, 
oscillating  platform  arranged  over  frame,  and  swing- 
ing standards  for  supporting  platform  and  permit- 
ting oscillation,  of  trunnioned  separator  bed  carried 
by  platform,  framework  interposed  between  platform 
and  separator  bed  and  having  bearings  for  receiving 
trunnions  of  separator  bed,  vertical  screws  provided 
to  platform  and  arranged  for  changing  angle  to  hori- 
zontal of  framework,  and  dash  pots  and  pistons 
arranged  to  cushion  oscillations  of  platform  and  parts 
carried  thereby. 


July  4,  l»uo 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Hount  Sicker  Hining   District, 
British   Columbia.* 

Written  lor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  P*ess  by 
\V.  M.  IIREWER,   E.  M. 

The  early  history  of  ihe  Mount  Sicker  mining  camp 
has  associated  with  it  a  considerable  amount  of  luck, 
because  the  first  discoveries  made  on  that  mountain 
of  copper  ore  were  not  the  result  of  any  systematic 
prospecting  nor  the  result  of  the  observations  made 
through  a  geological  survey.  In  fact,  so  far  as  the 
writer  can  ascertain,  this  mountain,  which  is  situated 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  agricultural  district  of  Cowichan 
valley,  had  never  attracted  any  attention  other  than 
that  of  sportsmen  until  after  a  timber  fire,  about 
1896,  which  left  a  portion  of  the  summit  and  side  of 
the  mountain  bare. 

Some  hunters  were  attracted  by  the  discoloration 
of  the  rocks,  and,  more  to  satisfy  their  curiosity  than 
otherwise,  carried  away  some  specimens  of  the  out- 
croppings,  which  they  had  assayed.  As  it  was  found 
that  these  samples  carried  good  copper  values,  the 
attention  of  some  prospectors  from  Port  Townsend 
and  Washington  was  directed  towards  the  mountain. 

As  a  consequence,  several  mining  claims  were  lo- 
cated, amongst  them  the  Lenora  and  Tyee. 

During  1898  several  prospectors  visited  the  camp, 
and  quite  a  number  of  mineral  claims  were  located 
both  on  Mount  Sicker  and  Mount  Brenton,  which  is 
situated  to  the  west  of  Mount  Sicker,  the  Chemainus 
river  flowing  between  the  two.  Until  1899,  no  really 
serious  attempt  at  development  of  any  of  the  claims 
had  been  made. 

The  owners,  as  a  rule,  were  without  any  capital; 
there  were  no  roads  to  the  mountain,  and  all  supplies 
had  to  be  packed  in  on  men's  backs. 

During  that  year  the  owners  of  the  Lenora  mineral 
claim  were  successful  in  securing  capital  to  develop 
the  property,  and  also  in  securing  aid  from  the  Gov- 
ernment to  build  a  wagon  road  up  the  mountain.  As 
soon  as  this  road  was  completed,  sample  shipments  of 
ore  which  had  been  taken  out  during  the  progress  of 
development  were  made  to  the  Tacoma  and  Everett 
smelters  in  Washington.  The  results  from  these 
tests  proved  so  satisfactory  that  it  was  deemed  ad- 
visable by  the  management  to  take  out  all  the  avail- 
able ore  and  ship  it,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that 
the  freight  by  wagon  haul  to  the  Esquimalt&  Nanaimo 
Railway,  at  Westholm  Siding,  added  to  the  railway 
freight  and  cost  of  transportation  by  steamer  from 
Oyster  bay,  on  the  east  coast  of  Vancouver  Island,  to 
Tacoma,  made  the  total  cost  for  transportation  alone 
about  $5  per  ton. 

During  the  winter  of  1899-1900  the  management 
constructed  a  surface  tramway  with  wooden  rails 
from  the  railway  to  within  about  2  miles  of  the  mine, 
because  the  heavy  rains  made  hauling  practically  im- 
possible over  that  portion  of  the  wagon  road.  The 
policy  of  continuing  to  ship  all  the  available  ore  was 
continued,  and  the  shipments  often  exceeded  sixty 
tons  of  first-class  ore  per  day.  The  second  class  was 
dumped  near  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel,  through  which 
the  work  was  carried  on. 

About  a  year  later  the  management  decided  to  re- 
place the  tramroad  by  a  narrow  gauge  railroad, 
built  direct  from  the  mine  to  the  same  point  as 
where  the  tramroad  connected  with  the  E.  &  N.  Rail- 
way. 

In  December,  1901,  the  management  of  the  mine 
made  arrangements  with  Messrs.  Breen  &  Bellinger 
of  Butte,  Mont.,  to  build  a  smelter  on  the  townsite 
of  Crofton,  situated  on  the  shore  of  Osborne  bay, 
about  11  miles  from  the  mine,  and  made  a  contract 
for  the  smelting  of  the  product. 

In  October,  1902,  this  smelter  plant  was  completed 
and  the  furnaces  ready  to  blow  in.  The  plant  is  one 
of  the  most  modern  in  the  West,  has  a  total  capacity 
of  about  750  tons  of  ore  per  day,  and  converts  the 
matte  into  blister  copper. 

About  the  same  time  the  management  of  the  mine 
turned  the  property  over  to  mortgagees  and  the 
mining  company  went  into  liquidation,  after  having 
mined  a  total  tonnage  of  all  grades  of  ore  of  60,000 
tons,  about  20,000  tons  of  this  being  first-grade  ship- 
ping ore  and  balance  second  grade  or  cullings. 

During  the  time  that  these  events  were  transpir- 
ing with  regard  to  the  Lenora  mineral  claim,  the 
Tyee  mineral  claim  had  been  acquired  by  an  English 
company,  designated  as  the  Tyee  Copper  Co.  The 
management  of  this  company  pursued  an  entirely 
different  policy  from  that  followed  by  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Lenora.  This  company  was  organized 
first  with  $25,000  cash  for  a  prospecting  fund  and 
later  with  $100,000  cash  in  the  treasury  ;  the  man- 
agement commenced  to  systematically  develop  the 
property,  in  order  to  block  out  "ore  insight,"  and 
determine  the  capacity  of  the  mine,  extent  of  the 
ore  bodies,  grade  of  the  ore  and  its  characteristics. 

This  work  was  commenced  during  the  spring  of 
1900,  previous  to  which  time  a  vertical  prospecting 
shaft  200  feet  in  depth  had  been  sunk,  in  which  was 
exposed  an  ore  body  presumed  to  bta  an  extension  to- 

*  See  illustrations  on  front  page. 


wards  the  east  of  the  ore  body  being  worked  in  the 
Lenora  mine. 

Mining  machinery  was  installed  and  sinking  was 
commenced  on  a  two-compartment  working  shaft  in 
the  country  rock,  about  100  feet  or  so  from  the  other 
shaft  and  within  about  200  feet  from  the  eastern 
boundary  of  the  Lenora  mine. 

This  shaft  was  carried  down  235  feet,  or  to  the 
same  level  as  was  reached  by  the  first  shaft,  the  dif- 
ference in  measurement  being  the  difference  in  alti- 
tude between  the  collars  of  the  two  shafts. 

From  the  bottom  of  the  vertical  shaft  a  crosscut 
was  made  in  the  expectation  of  intersecting  an  ore 
body,  but,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  ore  bodies  are 
lenticular  in  structure,  the  result  desired  was  not  ac- 
complished until  an  upraise  had  been  made  some  20 
feet,  when  the  lower  extremity  of  a  lens  of  ore  was 
encountered. 

The  next  work  done  by  the  management  was  open- 
ing a  level  135  feet  below  the  collar  of  the  shaft.  A 
short  crosscut  was  run  to  the  south  which  intersected 
ore,  and  this  being  continued,  an  ore  body  over  30 
feet  in  width  was  crosscut  before  the  foot  wall  was 
reached.  Drifting  was  then  commenced  and  driven 
both  to  the  east  and  west  along  the  foot  wall. 

During  the  summer  of  1902  the  management  de- 
cided to  erect  a  smelter  having  a  capacity  to  treat 
about  150  tons  of  ore  per  day,  at  the  town  of  Lady- 
smith,  on  the  shore  of  Oyster  bay,  and  on  the  main 
line  of  the  Esquimalt  &  Nanaimo  Railway.  Because 
no  satisfactory  arrangement  could  be  made  to  haul 
the  ore  from  the  mine  to  the  railway  by  means  of  the 
Lenora  narrow  gauge,  it  was  decided  to  install  an 
aerial  tramway  about  3J  miles  in  length  from  the  top 
of  Mount  Sicker  to  a  point  on  the  E.  &  N.  Railroad 
about  10  miles  from  Ladysmith. 

During  the  early  fall  this  tramway  was  put  in  op- 
eration and  an  average  tonnage  of  between  3000  and 
4000  tons  per  month  have  been  since  transported 
over  it. 

In  December,  1902,  the  smelting  plant  was  com- 
pleted and  the  furnace  blown  in.  Since  then  this 
smelter  has  been  treating  an  average  of  nearly  150 
tons  of  ore  per  day.  The  matte  produced  is  not  con- 
verted in  the  plant,  but  is  at  present  being  shipped 
to  the  Tacoma  smelter,  where  a  converter  plant  was 
installed  during  1902. 

The  development  work  which  has  been  carried  on 
at  the  Tyee  mine  systematically  has  resulted  in  there 
being  to-day  fully  100,000  tons  of  ore  in  sight  blocked 
out  above  the  200-foot  level.  In  driving  to  the  west 
on  the  100-foot  level  from  that  station  it  was  found 
that  the  ore  body  maintained  continuity  to  within 
some  60  or  70  feet  of  the  boundary  between  the  Tyee 
and  the  Lenora,  and  in  driving  to  the  east  it  was 
found  that,  although  the  ore  bodies  lay  in  lenses,  these 
overlapped  each  other,  so  that  practically  the  entire 
900  feet  of  drift  has  been  driven  through  ore  all  the 
way,  because,  although  breaks  occur  between  the 
lenses,  yet  it  has  been  demonstrated  that,  whenever 
the  drift  has  been  driven  through  the  barren  rock, 
forming  one  of  these  breaks,  by  crosscutting  to  the 
north  another  lens  has  been  exposed. 

By  means  of  upraises  driven  from  this  level,  it  has 
been  determined  that  practically  the  same  conditions 
as  to  structural  features  prevail  when  a  vertical  sec- 
tion is  considered,  as  have  been  demonstrated  to  exist 
when  the  horizontal  section  is  considered. 

By  upraising  from  the  200-foot  level  it  has  been  de- 
termined that  the  ore  bodies  apparently  maintain 
their  continuity  without  a  break  between  the  100  and 
200  levels. 

As  the  main  drift  has  been  driven  towards  the  east 
and  as  the  summit  of  the  mountain  is  situated  in  that 
direction  from  the  shaft,  the  backs  above  what  is  the 
100-foot  level  at  the  shaft  have  increased  quite  rap- 
idly towards  the  east,  so  that  under  the  summit  the 
level  of  the  drift  is  really  245  feet  below  the  apex  of 
the  mountain.  The  working  shaft  has  been  carried 
down  to  a  depth  of  435  feet.  The  foregoing  is  a  brief 
history  of  the  development  work  which  has  been  car- 
ried on  in  the  two  most  prominent  properties  on  the 
mountain. 

The  development  on  other  properties  has  been  lim- 
ited to  assessment  work,  except  on  the  Richard  III, 
Key  City  and  Copper  Canyon  group  of  mineral  claims. 
The  first  named  of  these  adjoins  the  Tyee  on  the  east, 
and  the  development  work  performed  on  it  has  ex- 
posed a  body  of  ore  similar  in  character  to  thatmined 
on  the  Tyee  and  Lenora  mines.  The  Key  City  joins 
the  Lenora  on  the  west,  and,  although  a  shaft  has 
been  sunk  to  a  depth  of  about  300  feet  and  a  long 
crosscut  tunnel  run,  intersecting  the  shaft  at  the  200- 
foot  level,  yet  no  ore  body  of  importance  has  been 
exposed.  The  Copper  Canyon  group  adjoins  the  Key 
City  on  the  west  and  comprises  three  mineral  claims 
and  a  fraction.  This  property  is  situated  on  the  west- 
ern slope  of  Mount  Sicker  and  eastern  slope  of  Mount 
Brenton,  having  a  total  length  of  4700  feet.  The 
Chemainus  river,  which  flows  between  the  two  moun- 
tains, crosscuts  the  formation,  and  an  examination  of 
the  bed  of  the  river  at  low  water  shows  that  a  min- 
eralized zone  exists  of  considerable  width  and  appar- 
ently the  same  zone  as  that  in  which  the  Tyee  and 
Lenora  ore  bodies  occur.  The  bed  of  the  river  has 
an  elevation  about  1400  feet  below  the  summit  of 
Mount  Sicker  and  about  3000  feet  below  the  summit 
of  Mount  Brenton.  A  considerable  amount  of  devel- 
opment work  has  been  done  on  the  Copper  Canyon 
group,  ponsisting  chiefly  in  tunneling;  but  as  the  tun- 


nels, although  driven  for  drifts,  have  been  driven  in 
the  schist  rather  than  in  the  ore,  it  is  impossible  'o 
express  any  more  favorable  opinion  than  that  this 
group  of  claims  form  a  promising  prospect  with  pos- 
sibilities of  developing  into  amine. 

Geology.  —  The  geological  formation  of  Mounts 
Sicker  and  Brenton  is  quite  different  from  that  of 
most  of  the  mineralized  zones  on  Vancouver  Island. 
Whereas  most  of  the  deposits  of  copper  ore  on  the 
island  occur  in  the  formation  classified  by  the  late 
Dr.  Dawson  as  the  "Vancouver  series,"  which  com- 
prise not  only  the  entire  mass  of  volcanic  rock,  but 
also  the  crystalline  limestones,  the  deposits  on  Mount 
Sicker  and  Mount  Brenton  occur  in  a  schistose  forma- 
tion and  lack  all  the  characteristics  belonging  to  con- 
tact deposits,  in  which  class  the  majority  of  the  other 
ore  bodies  on  the  island  should  be  included. 

The  schists  on  Mounts  Sicker  and  Brenton,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  writer,  are  metamorphosed  slates  or 
argillites.  They  are  to  some  extent  graphitic  in 
character  and  in  portions  of  the  belt  only  partially 
crystalline.  Dikes  of  igneous  rock  occur  as  intrusions 
throughout  the  district;  some  of  these  are  porphy- 
ritic  in  structure,  and  all,  so  far  as  the  writer  has  ob- 
served, are  felspathic  and  basic. 

The  conditions  in  this  belt,  so  far  as  the  vicinity  of 
Mounts  Sicker  and  Brenton  are  concerned,  indicate 
a  considerable  disturbance  from  volcanic  movements 
during  the  period  when  these  intrusive  dikes  were 
thrown  up;  that  at  that  time  the  slates  were  tilted 
to  an  almost  vertical  angle,  considerably  contorted 
and  subjected  to  great  pressure,  and  at  the  same 
time  there  occurred  an  extensive  shearing  move- 
ment. Slickensides  are  very  frequently  met  with  in 
the  underground  workings,  not  only  along  the  walls 
which  form  the  boundaries  of  the  ore  bodies,  but  often 
in  seams  through  the  ore  itself.  As  a  result  of  pres- 
sure and  shearing,  wide  fissures  having  lenticular 
structure  were  opened,  with  their  lines  of  strike  con- 
formable with  the  line  of  schistosity  of  the  country 
rock.  Some  of  these  lenses  are  quite  extensive  in 
width  and  length,  as  well  as  vertical  measurement, 
while  others  are  almost  insignificant  in  their  ex- 
tent. 

Development  has  demonstrated  that  the  widest  and 
most  extensive  lenses  occur  at  the  higher  altitudes 
and  on  the  Tyee  and  Lenora  mineral  claims;  while  on 
the  level  of  the  river,  although  the  crevices  filled  with 
mineral  are  quite  numerous,  yet  so  far  none  posses- 
sing such  extent  as  have  been  opened  on  the  Tyee 
and  Lenora  ground  have  been  found.  There  would 
appear  to  be  reason,  though,  why  extensive  lenses 
should  not  occur  at  deeper  levels  than  have  been  so 
far  explored  by  workings.  Certainly  the  movements 
which  produced  the  schistosity  and  opened  the  fissures 
which  have  been  exploited  on  the  Tyee  and  Lenora 
claims  were  very  deep-seated  in  their  origin,  and,  un- 
less lateral  pressure  had  been  evenly  distributed  at 
deeper  levels  and  of  such  force  as  to  squeeze  the 
schists  quite  closely  together,  there  is  no  reason  to 
doubt  that  as  equally  productive  ore  bodies  will  be 
found  in  the  deeper  levels  as  have  been  found  near  the 
summit  of  Mount  Sicker. 

So  far  as  it  has  been  explored,  the  belt  of  schist 
which  crosses  Mounts  Sicker  and  Brenton  extends  to 
the  east  to  the  vicinity  of  Maple  bay  and  to  the  west 
an  unknown  distance  beyond  the  summit  of  Mount 
Brenton.  In  width  its  exact  measurement  has  not 
been  determined;  but  locally  on  the  mountains  men- 
tioned its  maximum  width  is  probably  about  1200  feet. 
There  is  evidence  that  west  of  the  Lenora  mineral 
claim  the  belt  of  schist  has  for  some  distance  been 
pushed  over  to  the  south  from  its  general  course;  but 
on  the  Victoria  claim,  to  the  west  from  the  Key  City, 
the  belt  has  assumed  its  normal  course,  nearly  east 
and  west,  through  that  cla'm  across  the  Chemainus 
river  and  into  Mount  Brenton. 

On  the  west  coast  of  Vancouver  Island  the  Gordon 
river  for  quite  a  distance  flows  through  a  similar  belt 
of  schist;  but  whether  this  has  any  connection  with 
that  of  Mounts  Sicker  and  Brenton  is  a  question  the 
writer  is  not  prepared  to  answer  unless  he  had  traced 
the  belt  from  one  point  to  another. 

The  occurrence  of  a  wide  vein  of  quartz,  which  ex- 
tends across  Mount  Sicker  to  Mount  Brenton  and 
maintains  persistent  continuity,  is  a  noticeable  feature 
in  studying  the  geology  of  the  district.  So  far  as  the 
surface  indications  show,  this  vein  of  quartz  appears 
to  form  the  northern  boundary  of  the  mineralized 
zone. 

On  the  Tyee  and  Lenora  claims  a  second  ore  body 
has  been  exposed  in  the  underground  workings  to  the 
north  of  the  main  ore  body.  This  is  a  body  of  quartz 
ore  in  which  have  often  been  found  specimens  carry- 
ing quite  high  gold  and  silver  values.  Its  thickness 
is  variable,  and  the  same  rule  applies  to  its  values. 

The  character  of  the  ore  mined  from  the  Tyee  and 
Lenora  claims  is  a  chalcopyrite,  the  gangue  being 
pyrite,  baryta  and  zincblende.  The  ore  carries  an 
average  of  about  $5  in  gold  and  5%  in  copper  (dry), 
with  variable  silver  values  per  ton. 

The  smelting  facilities  for  treating  the  ores  of  Van- 
couver Island  are  most  excellent  at  the  present  time, 
and  especially  accessible  to  the  various  mining  prop- 
erties in  the  eastern  portion  of  the  island. 

The  smelting  and  converter  plant  erected  by  the 
Northwestern  Smelting  &  Refining  Co.  at  Crofton,  on 
Osborne  bay,  has  already  been  described  in  detail  in 
many  of  the  technical  journals;  but  the  smelting 
plant  erected  by  the  Tyee  Copper  Co.  at  Ladysmith, 


8 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4,  l»uij 


on  Oyster  bay,  (see  illustration,  page  1),  a  few  miles 
farther  up  the  coast  of  the  island,  has  not  yet  been 
so  described.  Therefore  the  writer  deems  it  proper 
to  give  the  following  description  in  the  present 
article : 

TheTyeeCo.'s  smelter  was  built  after  the  plans 
designed  by  Thomas  Kiddie,  the  smelter  manager, 
with  a  capacity  of  about  200  tons  per  day  ;  but  the 
power  house,  smelting  shed  and  dust  chamber  have 
been  built  for  a  capacity  of  600  tons  per  day;  so  that 
only  the  additional  machinery  will  be  required  to 
treble  the  capacity  of  the  works.  The  ground  be- 
tween high-water  mark  and  the  track  of  the  Esqui- 
mau and  Nanaimo  Railway  has  been  laid  out  in 
terrace  form  to  give  a  gravity  system  throughout. 
The  buildings  are  situated  on  the  37-foot  level  above 
the  sea,  and  have  been  placed  sufficiently  far  back 
into  the  hillside  to  admit  of  the  installation  of  a  con- 
verter plant.  Two  spurs  from  the  Esquimalt  & 
Nanaimo  Railway  have  been  built  on  the  smelter 
property,  entering  it  on  the  east — the  lower  one  to 
the  37-foot  level,  for  the  shipment  of  matte,  and  the 
upper  to  the  51-foot  level  (the  level  of  the  charging 
floor),  for  the  delivery  of  coke  and  coal.  At  the  rear 
of  the  smelter  buildings,  and  constructed  so  that  the 
ore  is  dumped  into  ore  buggies,  on  the  51-foot  level, 
are  the  bins  into  which  is  dumped  the  burned  ore, 
hauled  from  the  roast  piles.  These  bins  have  a  capac- 
ity of  1000  tons  and  are  connected  with  the  roast 
piles,  which  are  situated  to  the  west,  by  a  tram- 
way about  2000  feet  in  length.  (See  illustration, 
page  1 ) 

The  machinery  for  the  sampling  mill  is  all  on  the 
ground,  but  the  site  has  not  yet  been  selected— the 
question  being  whether  it  is  more  desirable  to  erect 
it  near  the  smelter  or  at  the  roast  yard. 

The  ore  is  delivered  from  the  bunkers  at  the  ter- 
minal of  the  aerial  tramway  into  bottom-dumping 
cars  on  the  side  track  of  the  E.  &  N.  Railway.  Prom 
there  it  is  hauled  to  bunkers  at  the  roast  yards, 
which  have  a  capacity  of  1600  tons.  These  bunkers 
or  bins  are  furnished  with  automatic  dumping  gates 
and  dump  the  raw  ore  into  tram  cars,  from  which  it 
is  dumped  onto  the  roasting  piles.  The  roast  yard 
is  arranged  very  systematically.  There  are  a  series 
of  six  permanent  trestles,  placed  60  feet  apart  and 
running  from  north  to  south.  At  right  angles  to 
these  trestles  six  trenches  have  been  dug,  4  feet  deep 
and  40  feet  apart,  thus  dividing  the  yards  into  beds 
60x40  feet.  In  each  trench  a  tram  track  has  been 
laid  and  the  roast  heaps  are  built  up  parallel  to  these 
tracks,  so  that  when  the  roasted  ore  is  being  re- 
moved the  men  shovel  from  both  sides  of  the  heap 
into  tram  cars  run  on  parallel  tracks.  The  trestles 
are  built  about  8  feet  higher  than  the  floor  of  the 
foundation  for  the  roast  heaps,  and  the  ore  is  spread 
over  the  beds  by  means  of  a  traveling  bridge,  placed 
between  and  at  right  angles  to  the  permanent  tres- 
tles. This  bridge  is  so  constructed  as  to  run  on  rails 
and  can  be  moved  from  end  to  end  of  the  roast  yard 
at  will. 

The  traveling  bridge  was  invented  by  Thomas  Kid- 
die, the  smelter  manager. 

By  placing  the  roast  heaps  so  far  from  the  smelter 
and  the  town  of  Ladysmith,  all  inconvenience  and  an- 
noyance from  the  fumes  have  been  removed. 

The  smelter  building  is  81  feet  in  length  by  51  feet 
in  width.  The  charging  platform,  covered  with  steel 
plates,  is  14  feet  above  the  furnace  floor,  and  is  carried 
on  cast  iron  columns  with  concrete  foundation.  A  ven- 
tilator, 6x10  feet,  extends  the  full  length  of  the  build- 
ing and  gives  ample  ventilation.  The  water-jacketed 
furnace,  42x120  inches,  built  by  the  Allis-Chalmers 
Co.  of  Chicago,  111.,  is  provided  with  fourteen  6-inch 
tuyeres  and  stands  at  the  west  end  of  the  building. 
The  slag  is  granulated  as  it  flows  from  the  settler 
and  is  carried  in  a  flume  into  the  lagoon. 

At  the  east  end  of  the  smelter  shed  are  two  matte 
bins,  each  with  a  capacity  of  forty  tons,  a  bucket 
elevator,  matte  sampler,  one  7x10  Blake  crusher, 
sample  grinder  and  hoist  elevator. 

The  engine  and  boiler  house  are  60  feet  distant 
from  the  smelter  shed  and  to  the  east  of  it ;  the  di- 
mensions are  70x50  feet.  In  this  building  are  an 
80  H.  P.  boiler  of  the  return  tubular  type,  No.  7 
Connersville  blower,  an  Allis-Chalmers  (Corliss)  en- 
gine and  an  electric  light  engine  and  dynamo.  The 
power  is  transmitted  from  the  power  house  to  the 
smelter  shed  by  means  of  a  rope  drive. 

The  water  supply  for  the  works  has  been  provided 
by  the  E.  &  N.  Railway  Co.,  who  have  constructed  a 
storage  tank  on  the  west  side  of  their  track,  which  is 
supplied  through  a  flume  1  mile  in  length  from  the 
head  of  Rock  creek.  The  railway  company  has  since 
constructed  a  flume  4  miles  in  length  in  order  to  take 
the  water  supply  from  a  source  which  has  never 
been  known  to  fail  during  the  hottest  and  driest  sum- 
mers, and  thus  insure  the  smelter  company  against 
having  any  difficulties  to  contend  with. 

The  assay  office  is  located  to  the  east  of  the  smelter 
and  has  a  frontage  of  46  feet.  It  is  divided  into  three 
rooms,  with  a  furnace  room  20x16  feet  in  the  rear. 
In  the  furnace  room  is  a  30-foot  stack  divided  into 
four  compartments,  while  on  either  side  are  located 
the  muffle  furnace  of  the  most  improved  type  and  a 
sand  bath  with  a  hot-air  oven;  all  are  fired  from  one 
side,  while  the  openings  are  in  the  assay  and  analyti- 
cal rooms,  respectively.     In  front  of  the  stack  stands 

melting  furnace,  16  inches  square  inside  measure- 
ment, which  is  used  for  experimental  purposes. 


The  Utilization  of  Furnace  Slag. 

Written  for  the  mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
R.  Schorr,  M.  e. 

Considering  the  mere  enormous  amount  of  slag 
made  in  metallurgical  processes  and  the  difficulties 
and  expepse  which  its  disposition  in  many  locations 
necessitates,  in  course  of  years,  the  subject  of  utiliz- 
ing this  waste  product  is  of  great  economic  import- 
ance. The  products  made  from  furnace-slag  possess 
superior  qualities  and  they  are  used  to  a  large  extent 
in  the  smelting  works  themselves,  and  find  also  a 
ready  sale  in  cities  and  surrounding  settlements. 

The  slag  from  iron  furnaces  of  various  descriptions 
is  of  predominant  importance,  and  its  composition  is 
very  similar  to  that  of  a  hard  fusible  glass.  It  is  a 
safe  estimate  to  assume  that  in  European  iron 
making,  for  every  ton  of  pig  iron  produced  about  one 
ton  of  slag  is  obtained,  while  in  American  practice  it 
will  be  nearer  to  half  a  ton  of  slag  per  ton  of  iron. 
Estimating  the  American  iron  production  alone  to  be 
16,000,000  tons  per  year,  about  8,000,000  tons  of  slag 
would  be  available.  The  most  important  and  valu- 
able slag  products  are  slag  bricks,  slag  cement  and 
metallic.  The  casting  of  slag  bricks  and  blocks  is  an 
old  established  practice,  but  the  bricking  of  granu- 
lated slag  on  a  commercial  scale  is  of  a  more  recent 
date,  i.  e.,  its  thorough  practical  and  financial  suc- 
cess is  of  a  more  recent  date.  In  the  year  1859,  the 
Georgs-Marienhutte  Co.  at  Osnabruck  started  a  slag 
brick  plant,  using  lime  mortar  as  binder  and  hand 
forms  for  molding.  The  bricks  were  fairly  good,  but 
their  manufacture  too  slow  and  expensive.  With  the 
improvements  in  ordinary  brick  presses  conditions 
changed  somewhat,  but  the  quality  of  the  bricks  still 
remained  not  quite  satisfactory,  as  unslacked  parti- 
cles of  lime  were  present  in  the  mixture  which 
slacked  afterwards  in  the  brick.  This  disadvantage 
led  to  the  closing  of  the  works,  but  their  manufacture 
was  resumed  in  1890  with  slag  cement  as  a  binder. 
The  new  process  proved  a  complete  success,  which  is 
illustrated  by  the  fact  that  the  production  of  slag 
bricks  at  Osnabruck  increased  from  5,000,000  in  1893 
to  15,000,000  tons  in  1898.  The  manufacture  of  such 
pressed  slag  bricks  is  very  simple  and  about  the 
same  whatever  binder  is  used.  The  slag  discharging 
from  the  furnace  is  granulated  by  a  stream  of  water 
which  is  running  with  high  velocity  through  a  narrow 
trough,  forwarding  it  at  the  same  time  to  a  settling 
pit.  The  further  arrangement  may  be  to  scoop  the 
slag  up  by  means  of  a  bucket  elevator  and  to  discharge 
it  into  bins,  wherefrom  it  may  be  drawn  into  hopper 
railroad  cars  to  be  forwarded  to  the  briquetting 
plant.  While  in  the  bins  and  cars  a  large  amount  of 
the  water  drains  off.  The  granulated  slag  is  mixed 
with  a  slag  cement  in  a  proportion  of  one  to  eight, 
and  the  mixture  is  conveyed  to  an  intermittent  act- 
ing plunger  press.  The  pressure  is  exerted  from 
one  side  only  and  about  1000  bricks  are  made  per 
hour.  The  bricks  are  sharp  cornered  and  can  be 
stacked  without  injury  after  leaving  the  press.  Their 
hardening  is  affected  by  the  atmosphere  and  after 
three  or  four  months  they  are  ready  for  use.  They 
harden  with  age,  as  the  chemical  combination  be- 
tween the  slag  and  the  cement  gets  more  complete, 
gaining  also  in  compression  strength,  which  already 
after  a  few  months  is  about  1400  pounds  per  square 
inch.  Slag  bricks  are  in  every  respect  as  good  as 
clay  bricks.  Their  specific  gravity  is  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  2.6,  i.  e.,  about  the  same  as  an  ordinary 
brick.  They  are  grayish  white,  but  by  adding  ochre 
or  ultramarine  to  the  mixture  very  nice  color  effects 
are  created.  As  long  as  the  bricks  are  not  very 
hard,  i.  e.,  not  very  old,  they  can  be  cut  and  shaped 
quite  easily  for  special  purposes  (profile  bricks).  As 
their  resistance  against  high  temperature  is  consid- 
erable, they  are  used  in  the  construction  of  stacks 
and  for  boiler  setting  very  extensively.  They  are 
not  more  hydroscopic  than  well  burned  clay  bricks, 
but  as  they  permit  of  a  more  thorough  air  circula- 
tion they  are  very  valuable  for  the  construction  of 
hospitals  and  schools. 

The  total  production  of  slag  bricks  cannot  be  ascer- 
tained; it  must  be  very  considerable,  however,  as 
nearly  every  modern  European  iron  works  manu- 
facture slag  bricks,  and  a  single  concern  in  Loth- 
rinzen  (Lorraine)  turns  out  over  50,000,000  annually. 
In  the  granulating  of  slag  it  is  advisable  to  have  not 
less  than  12  to  30  feet  head  of  water,  and  the  launder 
should  have  a  pitch  of  1  inch  to  the  foot.  It  is  a  good 
practice  to  build  the  launder  of  slag  bricks  and 
cement,  as  every  other  material  would  wear  too 
rapidly.  For  every  ton  of  slag  about  two  and  one- 
half  to  four  tons  of  granulating  water  are  required, 
depending  on  the  specific  gravity  of  the  slag,  which 
varies  from  2.5  to  3.5.  In  re-using  the  water  a  loss 
of  5%  to  20%  should  be  figured  on. 

In  the  manufacture  of  slag  cement  the  granulated 
slag  is  disintegrated  further  by  means  of  tube  or  ball 
mills,  and  the  fine  powder  thus  obtained  is  thor- 
oughly mixed  with  slacked  lime  [Ca(OH)2  Calcium 
hydroxide].  The  slacked  lime  is  prepared  in  the 
usual  manner  by  adding  to  the  burnt  lime  (quick  lime) 
just  sufficient  amount  of  soft  water  to  make  it  crum- 
ble into  a  fine  white  powder.      The  mixture   of  the 


disintegrated  slag  and  the  slacked  lime  powder  must 
be  thorough  to  give  a  good  cement,  and  as  it  should 
be  protected  from  access  of  the  air  to  prevent  the 
absorption  of  carbon  dioxide,  it  has  to  be  put  into 
casks  right  away.  The  ratio  between  slag  and  lime 
powder  varies  according  to  the  composition  of  the 
slag,  and  it  must  be  established  by  careful  experi- 
menting. The  qualities  of  a  good  slag  cement  are 
very  similar  to  those  of  the  best  Portland  cements  or 
cements  made  by  mixing  slacked  lime  with  Puzzolan 
or  Santorin  earth,  Trass,  etc.  By  adding  20%  to 
30%  of  water  it  hardens  quickly  to  a  stonelike  mass, 
and  after  four  to  six  months  it  is  equal  to  the  best  of 
cements  in  strength.  For  hydraulic  construction 
work  it  is  not  quite  as  good  as  Portland  cement.  A 
mixture  of  sand  and  broken  stone  makes  a  very  good 
concrete.  One  cement  plus  2  sand  plus  4  stone 
equals  4.4  concrete,  1  plus  3  plus  6  equals  6.6  con- 
crete, and  1  plus  4  plus  8  equals  8.8  concrete.  The 
stone  should  not  surpass  2J  to  3  inches  ring  size. 
The  compression  strength  is  sometimes  as  high  as 
500  kilograms  per  square  centimeter,  or  about  7000 
pounds  per  square  inch,  and  the  tensile  strength  is 
about  10%  of  this. 

As  slag  bricks  have  a  rather  rough  surface,  the 
mortar  adheres  to  them  very  readily  and  very  little 
of  it  is  required.  Their  manufacture  is  cheaper  than 
the  manufacture  of  ordinary  bricks,  as  the  expense 
of  burning  is  avoided. 

A  composition  of  broken  slag,  slag  sand  and  Port- 
land cement  is  called  metallic,  and  it  forms  a  very 
good  material  for  plastering  streets,  sidewalks, 
floors  of  factories,  smelters  and  railway  stations,  in 
fact  anywhere  where  the  traffic  is  heavy.  Steps  and 
stairways  are  also  made  in  this  manner,  and  to  give 
them  a  smooth  surface  only  cement  and  slag  sand 
should  be  used  for  the  first  few  inches  of  depth.  The 
usual  volumetric  proportion  is  two  parts  of  slag  and 
one  slag-sand  and  one  Portland  cement  mixed 
mechanically  in  a  dry  state.  Water  is  added  to 
make  it  plastic  and  then  it  is  tamped  in  layers  of  4 
inches  in  thickness.  An  addition  of  soda  speeds  the 
hardening,  and  a  street  made  in  such  a  manner  can 
be  turned  over  to  the  traffic  all  ready  after  twenty- 
four  hours.  Sometimes  single  plates  of  3  feet  by  3 
feet  are  made  of  metallic  and  joined  by  slag  sand 
and  Portland  cement.  In  this  case  the  ground 
underneath  has  to  be  very  solidly  tamped  to  prevent 
uneven  settling  and  cracking. 


The  Reducing  of  Zinc  Ores. 

The  production  of  zinc  from  its  compounds  involves 
difficulties  due  to  the  very  electropositive  nature  of 
that  metal,  or,  to  put  it  into  more  modern  terms,  on 
account  of  the  high  value  of  the  energy  of  combina- 
tion of  zinc  compounds.  In  electrolysis  this  means 
the  use  of  such  high  voltages,  that  other  undesirable 
reactions  take  place  for  which  that  voltage  is  more 
than  sufficient.  In  aqueous  solutions,  for  instance, 
hydrogen  is  liberated  much  more  easily  than  zinc. 
Such  processes  are,  therefore,  of  special  interest;  all 
the  more  so  as  the  electric  methods  have  not  yet 
come  into  use  as  much  as  might  be  expected. 

In  a  recent  article  in  the  Electro-Chemical  Jour- 
nal, Danneel  describes  several  zinc  processes  which 
were  worked  out  at  the  metallurgical  laboratory  of 
the  Institute  of  Technology  of  Aix-la-Chapelle.  They 
chloridize  the  raw  ore  in  the  presence  of  salt  solu- 
tions, such  as  sodium  chloride  and  magnesium  chlo- 
ride, in  revolving  iron  drums,  lined  with  lead,  at  a 
temperature  of  30°  to  40°  C,  by  means  of  free 
chlorine,  obtained  in  another  part  of  the  process. 
The  chlorides  of  lead,  zinc  and  silver  are  then  leached 
out  with  hot  water  or  hot  dilute  lyes,  obtained  during 
the  process.  The  following  data  of  a  test  are  given: 
1000  kg.  ore  contained  140  kg.  lead,  310  kg.  zinc, 
0.69  kg.  silver.  There  were  chlorinated  and  leached 
out  140  kg.  lead,  175  kg.  zinc,  0.11  kg.  silver.  In 
the  residue  there  remained  135  kg.  zinc,  0.53  kg. 
silver  and  114  kg.  sulphur.  After  the  extraction  of 
the  sulphur,  there  remained  a  residue  of  39. 1%  zinc 
and  0.168%  silver.  From  the  residue,  the  sulphur  is 
removed  by  Schaffner's  method  under  steam  pressure. 

The  chloride  lyes  are  purified  by  means  of  zinc 
oxide  or  roasted,  zinc  ore,  evaporated  to  dryness  and 
dehydrated  as  completely  as  possible.  The  dehy- 
drated mixture  of  chlorides  is  then  electrolyzed  in  a 
fused  state,  and  at  the  anode  the  chlorine  gas  is  ob- 
tained which  is  used  in  another  step  of  the  process, 
as  mentioned  above;  while  at  the  cathode  a  mixture 
of  molten  lead  and  zinc  is  produced,  which  is  obtained 
in  two  alloys — lead  poor  in  zinc  and  zinc  poor  in  lead. 
From  the  lead  which  is  poor  in  zinc,  the  zinc  can  be 
removed  by  steam;  the  zinc  which  is  poor  in  lead  is 
refined  by  distillation. 

The  second  process  described  was  devised  by 
Borchers  and  Von  Kueglegen,  and  is  for  treating 
waste  from  zinc  galvanizers.  This  waste  is  dissolved 
in  hydrochloric  acid  to  saturation.  The  iron  is  re- 
moved from  the  solution  by  means  of  chloride  of 
lime  and  other  oxidizing  agents;  it  is  then  evaporated 
to  dryness  in  iron  crucibles  lined  with  lead.  The 
pulverized  zinc  chloride  is  mixed  with  metallic 
oxides — for  instance,  copper  oxide  and  calcium  car- 
bide—and is  then,  melted  to  zinc  alloys — brass.  The 
reaction  between  zinc  chloride,  metallic  oxide  and 
calcium  carbide  goes  on  by  itself,  owing  to  its  own 
heat  of  reaction,  after  the  reaction  has  been  started 


July  4.  lyoa 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


by  means  of  an  incandescent  body;  but  to  obtain  good 
metal  it  is  necessary  to  heat  the  crucible. 

The  third  process  described  was  devised  by  Dor- 
semagen,  for  the  treatment  of  siliceous  zinc  ore, 
especially  if  the  percentage  of  zinc  is  small;  zinc  and 
silicon  carbide  (carborundum)  are  produced.  An 
electric  furnace  is  used.  A  mixture  of  carbon  and 
siliceous  zinc  ore  is  heated  in  the  furnace  by  a  carbon 
rod;  the  zinc  is  distilled  cff,  and  there  remains  silicon 
carbide.  The  reduction  temperature  of  the  silica  is 
only  slightly  above  the  distillation  temperature  of  zinc. 

The  fourth  process  described  is  by  Borchers  and 
Dorsemagen,  and  is  analogous  to  the  last  described. 
It  is  used  for  the  treatment  of  ores  containing  iron 
and  zinc,  in  order  to  get  ferrosilicon  and  iron.  The 
process  differs  from  the  last  one  only  in  so  far  as 
ferrosilicon,  instead  of  silicon  carbide,  is  obtained. 


The  Dewey  Mine. 

The  accompanying  illustrations  are  of  the  Dewey 
mill  and  open  cut  on  the  vein.  The  mine  is  in  Siski- 
you county,   Cal.,   near   Gazelle.     The  mine  is  exten- 


Ajax   Drill   Sharpener. 

The  Ajax  drill  sharpener  shown  in  the  accompany- 
ing cut  is  a  power  machine  for  fashioning  and  re- 
sharpening  machine  drills.  To  sharpen  drills  by  this 
means  it  is  necessary  that  the  drills  be  placed  in  a 
coke  forge  of  large  capacity  (the  common  forge  will 
not  heat  drills  fast  enough  for  this  machine),  and 
when  it  is  at  the  right  heat  it  is  placed  under  the 
upright  hammer,  which  sidesets  and  pinches  out  the 
edges  to  a  sharp  cutting  edge.  The  drill  is  then 
placed  in  the  dies  in  the  upsetting  machine,  the  dies 
are  closed  on  the  bit  and  the  dollie,  which  is  held  in 
the  chuck,  is  allowed  to  strike  the  bit  until  it  has 
been  upset  enough,  when  the  tailblock  which  holds 
the  drill  to  the  dollie  is  allowed  to  run  back,  when 
the  dollie  will  drive  the  bit  into  the  die,  which  fin- 
ishes the  bit  to  the  exact  size  of  the  die.  These  dies 
are  made  in  the  different  sizes  required.  The 
advantage  of  having  drills  made  in  a  die  can  be 
readily  seen,  for  they  are  then  all  correctly  gauged, 
for  example:  Say  that  the  die  for  a  starter  bit  is  2$ 
inches  wide,  every  drill  that  is  made  in  this  die  will  be 
2}  inches  wide  when  it  is  finished,  and 
so  it  is  with  every  other  size,  the  dies 
control  the  gauge. 

The  manufacturers  of  the  Ajax  drill 
sharpener  claim  that,  even  though  the 
mine  has  only  100  drills  to  sharpen  each 
day,  this  machine  will  pay  for  itself  in 
the  time  saved  and  the  saving  in  wear 


inches  wide,  at  the  Tamarack  and  Kearsarge 
mines  in  Michigan  it  is  2}  inches  wide,  and  so  on. 
It  is  different  at  each  mine,  and  of  the  twenty  of 
these  machines  now  running  no  two  have  dies  just 
alike.  In  order  to  make  these  machines  standard  it 
would  be  necessary  that  almost  every  mine  would 
have  to  change  their  entire  lot  of  drills,  which,  it  is 
claimed,  would  cost  more  than  this  machine.  Then 
again,  some  mines  have  hard  rock  which  requires  one 
kind  of  a  bit,  and  others  have  soft  rock  which  again 
requires  another  kind  of  a  bit;  some  mines  have  both 
hard  and  soft  rock,  so  require  dies  for  the  different 
kinds  of  rock.  This  machine  is  sold  by  Harron, 
Rickard  &  McCone,  21-23  Fremont  street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

The  Del  Prat  Process. 


It  is  expected  that  some  time  will  elapse  before 
the  working  tests  of  the  Del  Prat  salt-cake  process  of 
sulphide  treatment,  which  are  being  carried  out  at 
the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  mine,  are  completed. 
The  Australasian  states  that  the  cost  of  the  chem- 
icals used  in  the  process  for  the  crux  of  the  position 
has  yet  to  be  determined.  The  plant  used  in  the 
tests  will  cope  with  at  least  one  ton  of  material  per 
hour.  Six  of  the  pans  could  treat  about  1000  tons 
weekly.  The  cost  of  the  plant  must  be  moderate 
compared  with  the  machinery  necessary  for  other 
processes  at  work  on  the  field  in  connection  with  the 
zinc  problem.     Briefly  described,  it  consists  of  a  cop- 


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KHlNINfiANO  SCIENTIFIC  PRESSI 

Open  Cut,  Dewey  Mine,  Siskiyou  County,  Cal 


Dewey  Mill,  Siskiyou  County,  Cal. 


sively  developed  by  tunnels,  several  levels  having 
been  opened.  The  ore  is  largely  mispickel.  contain- 
ing gold.  The  vein  is  said  to  carry  about  $9  per  ton, 
beside  which  there  is  a  large  amount  of  ore  of  lower 
grade.  The  mill  contains  ten  stamps,  two  Frue  van- 
ners,  two  Wilfley  tables  and  hydraulic  classifier. 
There  is  also  a  canvas  plant  and  cyanide  works. 
The  premises  are  lighted  by  electricity.  There  is  an 
air  compressing  plant  and  machine  drills  are  used  in 
the  mine.  Water  power  is  said  to  be  available  to 
run  the  entire  plant.  The  Dewey  mine  is  one  of  the 
important  mines  of  Siskiyou  county. 


Hematite  in  Spain. 

According  to  a  recent  report,  says  the  London 
Mining  Journal,  within  the  last  year  a  rich  vein  of 
oxide  of  iron  ore  has  been  discovered  near  the  city  of 
Jaen,  in  the  province  of  that  name,  about  85  miles 
from  Malaga.  The  Compania  Mineralurgica,  the 
firm  owning  and  operating  the  mine,  has  established 
a  plant  on  the  outskirts  of  this  city,  where  the  ore  is 
refined  and  prepared  for  export. 

The  owners  claim  that  this  deposit  is  the  only  one 
of  consequence  in  Spain,  a  small  mine  near  Santander 
being  its  sole  rival.  The  ore  is  known  as  hematite, 
or  sesquioxide,  and  those  interested  claim  that  it 
possesses  a  durability  of  color  and  the  other  proper- 
ties necessary  for  the  manufacture  of  red  paint  not 
excelled  by  any  other  mine  in  the  world. 

The  ore  is  shipped  both  in  its  crude  state  and 
refined  ready  for  mixing  with  oil.  Levigation  is 
effected  by  submitting  the  crude  ore  to  the  process 
of  grinding  by  stone  crushers.  It  is  then  forced 
through  filters  of  purified  water  and  finally  dried  in 
kilns.  The  result  is  a  fine  red  powder,  which  mixed 
with  a  trifle  more  than  10%  of  linseed  oil,  produces 
paint  ready  for  use.  Iron  structural  work  of  all 
kinds  is  usually  protected  by  a  coating  of  this  paint. 
The  Malaga  product  was  invoiced  at  50  pesetas  per 
short  ton  of  crude,  and  at  exactly  double  that  price 
for  the  levigated  or  prepared  material.  At  present, 
however,  the  ore  finds  its  largest  market  in  England. 


and  abuse  that  the  machines  get  under  ground  from 
inaccurate  drill  sharpening.  It  is  as  easy,  they  say, 
for  a  crew  of  sharpeners  to  sharpen  600  drills  each 
shift  with  this  machine  as  it  is  for  them  to  sharpen 
125  by  hand.  In  one  instance  the  saving  in  the  shop 
alone  amounted  to  75%  over  handwork,  to  say  noth- 
ing of  the  saving  underground. 

The   peculiar  feature  in  the  making  of  these  ma- 


per  pan,  6  feet  long  by  3  feet  wide,  with  sloping  bot- 
tom, below  which  a  number  of  gas  jets  are  placed. 
At  the  end  are  the  settling  pits  for  the  product,  and 
below  the  pan  is  a  boat  or  small  bin,  into  which  the 
accumulated  waste  falls.  Under  this  again  is  a 
larger  bin.  There  are  two  tanks,  a  primary  mixing 
tank,  in  which  the  saltcake  is  dissolved,  and  another 
elevated  lead-lined  tank  for  the  solution  in  active 
use.  The  liquor  which  carries  the 
concentrates  to  the  settling  bins 
flows  by  means  of  launders  to  set- 
tling tanks  below  the  trucking  floors, 
from  which  a  steam  pump  raises  it 
to  the  initial  storage  tank.  The  plan 
is  simple  in  its  working,  and  evidently 
does  not  require  very  delicate  han- 
dling to  secure  good  results. 

[Crude  sodium  sulphate  is  known 
as  salt  cake,  andis  utilized  to  make  a 
liquid  of  high  specific  gravity.  In 
this  the  pulverized  mineral  falls,  the 
zinc  blende  ascending  to  the  surface, 
where  it  overflows  into  a  tank,  the 
gangue  and  other  sulphides  being  re- 
covered later  from  the  separating 
tank.— Ed.] 


Ajax  Drill   Sharpener. 

chines,  they  say,  is  that  no  two  mines  use  the  same 
system  for  making  drills,  and  it  is,  therefore,  neces- 
sary that  the  manufacturer  knows  every  detail  of 
the  system  at  each  mine.  To  illustrate,  at  the 
Homestake  mines  a  starter  bit  is  2|  inches  wide, 
at  the  Alaska -Tread  well  mine  it  is  2}  inches 
wide,   at   the  Jumper  mine    in    California    it    is    3 


The    crucible  process   of    making 
fine   steel,  says    Sparks    From    the 
Anvil,  will  probably  never  be   super- 
seded by  other  methods.     Selected 
irons    with    their   "medicines"   are 
melted  in  crucibles  which   are  luted 
and  sealed,  where  chemical  reactions 
take   place  unseen    and    unaffected  by  outside    in- 
fluences.    For    securing  high  quality,    accuracy  of 
what   the   steel  maker  calls  "temper,"  there  is  no 
substitute  process  in  sight.     When  steel  has   been 
overheated  the  property  called  temper  is  destroyed. 
This  may  in   a    measure    be   recovered   by  careful 
manipulation. 


10 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4,  1903. 


The  Cost  of  Gold  Milling. 

The  difficulties  in  the  way  of  comparison  of  the 
total  cost  of  extraction  in  various  gold  fields  of  the 
world,  says  S.  Horsley  in  the  Queensland  Govern- 
ment Mining  Journal,  are  : 

First.  The  nature  of  the  power  used— e.  g.,  water 
power  is  much  cheaper  than  the  most  effectively  ap- 
plied steam  power.  If  steam  power  is  used,  the  rela- 
tive cost  of  fuel  must  be  taken  into  consideration. 
Extraction  is  much  less  costly  where  coal  is  obtained 
easily  and  cheaply  than  where  indifferent  firewood 
costs  30s.  per  cord. 

Second.  The  nature  of  the  material  to  be  crushed. 
Hard  material  is  not  so  easily  crushed  as  a  soft  or 
friable  material.  A  custom  battery  putting  through 
4  tons  per  stamp  per  day  for  one  mine  finds  itself 
unable  to  put  through  more  than  2  tons  per  stamp 
for  another  mine.  Here  the  nature  of  the  material 
causes  one  mine  to  pay  twice  as  much  for  crushing 
as  another  mine. 

Third.  The  number  of  operations  or  processes 
necessary  for  a  complete  extraction. 

Where  coarse  gold  only  occurs  in  an  easily  pounded 
quartz  in  close  proximity  to  ample  water  power  the 
cheapest  conditions  possible  for  almost  complete  ex- 
traction are  realized.  But  the  case  is  exactly  re- 
versed where  gold  occurs  in  minute  particles  locked 
up  in  or  combined  with  other  substances  which  are 
hard  and  resisting,-  and  which  occur  in  waterless 
areas,  where  inferior  fuel  costs  30s.  per  cord. 

Under  favorable  conditions,  such  as  the  occurrence 
of  large  deposits,  requiring  an  extensive  milling 
plant,  the  total  cost  of  extraction  might  be  as  low  as 
9d.  per  ton  in  the  former  case.  Yet  the  most  effi- 
cient machinery  combined  with  the  most  approved 
methods  of  treatment  have  failed  to  bring  down  the 
total  cost  of  extraction  so  low  as  10s.  per  ton,  or 
thirteen  times  as  much  as  in  the  latter  case. 

The  way  out  of  the  difficulty  is  now  apparent. 
Since  the  total  cost  of  extraction  necessarily  varies 
so  largely,  we  are  unable  to  derive  any  useful  infor- 
mation from  a  comparison.  A  great  deal  can  be 
learned,  however,  if,  after  the  hardness  of  the  mate- 
rial has  been  defined  according  to  some  prearranged 
standard,  the  cost  of  fuel  per  indicated  horse  power 
per  ton  and  the  cost  of  each  separate  operation  or 
process  is  separately  recorded. 

It  is  also  natural  to  expect  a  battery  of  100  heads 
to  crush  more  cheaply  than  one  of  10  heads.  But  a 
company  which  finds  10  heads  a  sufficient  number  to 
erect  on  their  mine  cannot  be  said  to  lack  economy. 
Although  an  examination  of  the  cost  of  extraction  by 
the  various  gold  milling  plants  of  the  world  reveals 
a  wide  divergence,  yet  the  divergence  is  not  so 
marked  when  the  cost  of  each  separate  process  is 
considered. 

At  Chiapas,  Mexico,  the  cost  of  milling  the  soft 
ore  there  is  only  9Jd.  per  ton  of  200  pounds,  with  a 
10-head  battery  having  750-pound  stamps.  The  cost 
of  the  power  is  not  taken  into  account,  as  water 
power  is  used.  The  Alaska-Tread  well  Co.,  Douglas 
Island,  Alaska,  with  540  stamps,  crushed  and  con- 
centrated for  9f  d.  per  ton  in  1900.  This  company's 
costs  for  total  extraction — milling,  concentration, 
chlorination,  smelting  and  office  expenses — were  : 


Quantity 
Year  Ending—  Treated. 

Tons. 
May  31,  1899 250,408 


Value 
per  Ton. 
d. 


s. 
10 


Total  Cost 
Extract'n. 

s.    d. 

2    1 

1 
1 


5i 


May  31,  1900 557.960 

May  31,  1901 457,802 

Their  total  costs  for  mining  and  milling  for  the 
same  periods  were  5s  IJd.,  3s.  7id.  and  4s.  4d.  per 
ton,  respectively. 

The  Alaska-Mexican  Co.,  at  the  same  place,  with 
120  stamps,  crushed  and  concentrated  for  Is.  2d.  per 
ton  in  1899.  They  put  through  during  1899  166,054 
tons,  valued  at  8s.  7£d.  per  ton,  for  a  total  cost  for 
mining  and  milling  of  7s.  Id.  per  ton.  The  total  ex- 
traction costs  were  Is.  lljd.  per  ton  of  2000  pounds. 

The  Homestake  Co.,  S.  D.,  crushed  nearly  900,000 
tons  for  the  year  ending  June  30,  1900.  The  total 
milling  costs  were  3s.  4d.  per  ton  and  the  total  min- 
ing costs  10s.  9d.  per  ton,  a  grand  total  of  14s.  Id. 
per  ton.  For  the  year  ending  June  30,  1901, 
the  Homestake  Co.  mined  and  milled  934,373 
tons,  valued  at  about  16s.  per  ton,  for  a  total  cost  of 
14s.  8d.  per  ton,  thus  making  a  profit  of  nearly 
£63,000  out  of  ore  of  a  quality  that  is  practically 
despised  in  Queensland.  There  are  large  deposits  of 
low-grade  ore,  similar  in  character  and  value  to  that 
mined  by  the  Homestake  Co.,  and  superior  to  that 
mined  by  the  Alaska  companies,  in  parts  of  Queens- 
land as  yet  barely  touched  by  the  miner. 

The  milling  costs  of  the  De  Lamar  M.  Co.,  Idaho, 
for  the  year  ending  March  31,  1899,  were  9s.  3|d. 
per  short  ton. 

The  total  cost  of  mining  and  milling  at  the  follow- 
ing mines  for  the  period  ending  with  the  date  given 
is  as  follows  : 

Year  Ending —  8. 

Dec.  31,  1901— Montana  G.  M.  Co.,  Mont 36 

June   6,  1899— Montana  G.  M.  Co.,  Mont 23 

1899— Mill  at  Bend'Or,  B.  C 21 

Aug     8,  1901— Morro  Velho  Mines,  Brazil 25 

Dec.  31,  1899— New  Elkhorn  M.  Co  ,  Mont, 

The  milling  costs — or  total  cost  of  extraction — of 


d. 
10J 


66     10 


COMPARATIVE    TABLE    OP    GOLD    MINING    AND    MILLING    UOS  TS. 


Year 
Ending 


May  31, 
May  31, 
May  31, 

June  30, 
June  30, 
Mar.  31, 
June  30, 
Dec.  31, 

Aug.  31, 
Dec.  31, 


Nov., 
Nov., 


Nov., 


Name  of  Mine  or  Mill. 


At  Chiapas,  Mexico. 
Alaska-Tread  well. . . 


Alaska-Mexican 
Homestake 


De  Lamar.  Idaho... 
Montana  G.  M.  Co. 


Mill  at  Bend'Or,  B  C 

Morrn  Velho,   Brazil 

New  Elkhorn,  Mont 

Lake  View  Consols,  W.  A. 


Gt.  Boulder  Perseverance. 


Mt.  Morgan,  Ltd. ,  Q 

Ivanhoe  Co.,  W   A 

Kalgurli  Co.,  W.  A 

New  Ravenswood,  Ltd I 

Imperial,  Charters  Towers  •! 

Charters  Towers  Mines 

Ravenswood  mines 


35 
9  c 


250  408 
557.960 
457  802 
166,054 
891,585 
934,373 


2240-lb. 

ton 
2550  t'ns 
half  yr. 


COST    PER    TON    OP    ORE. 


■i.ui 


§  2. 

S  5 


0  9J 

1  1 

0     9f 


1     2 


Dry 
cr'sh  4s 


3  105 


o 

O  S 

g!" 


s.   d 


Ch. 


Ch   1J 


6    0'r 


0     3 


3     4} 


1    4 


s.    d 

0  9| 

2  1 

1  6| 
1  5J 
1  11J 

3  4 


9    3| 


39     7 
10     ]J 
6  10J 
'43    5 
,.32  10 
28    3 
34  11 J 
24  10} 


10    4 


9     83- 


i-J 

O   & 


s.    d. 


3  0£ 
2  1J 
2  10J 
5  11 
0    8" 


27     3 


18    8J 


8.    d. 


5  1 

3  7} 

4  4 
7  1 

14  0 

14  8 


26    6| 
36  10J 
21     4 
25    8 
66  10 


34     2 
38    5 

38  10 

28    4J 


a 


a 

■a 
S  "> 

oB 

DT3 


3 
3  to  4 
3  to  4 

3 


2  to  4 


2to4| 
2  to  4 


the  last-named  company  at  the  date  given  was 
39s.  7d.  per  short  ton. 

There  is  thus  a  wide  difference  between  the  9|d. 
per  ton  of  the  Alaska-Treadwell  Co.  and  the  39s.  7d. 
per  ton  of  the  New  Elkhorn  G.  M.  Co. 

In  Western  Australia  the  Lake  View  Consols 
crushed  and  cyanided  for  10s.  l}d.  per  ton  in  1898, 
and  for  6s.  10£d.  per  ton  in  1899,  but  the  extraction 
was  unsatisfactory  when  sulphides  came  to  be  dealt 
with.  For  these  other  methods  were  adopted,  and 
on  August  31,  1900,  the  cost  of  extraction  was 
43s.  5d.  per  ton.  This  amount  was  reduced  to 
32s.  lOd.  per  ton   during  the   last  three  months  of 

1900,  and  was  still  further  reduced  in  1901  to  28s.  3d. 
by  the  adoption  of  the  Diehl  process. 

At  the  Great  Boulder  Perseverance  mine  the 
costs  of  extraction  were  34s.  ll£d.  in  1900,  and 
24s.  10Jd.  per  ton  in  1901. 

At  the  Ivanhoe  mine,  Kalgoorlie,  during  Novem- 
ber, 1902,  the  reduction  costs  were  set  down  at 
10s.  4d.  per  ton  ;  mining,  14s.  3d.  ;  general,  3s.  5d.  ; 
development  and  capital,  6s.  2d.  ;  total  34s.  2d.  per 
ton^  The  question  here  is,  what  part  of  the  general 
expenses  is  connected  with  the  process  of  extraction  ? 

At  the  Kalgurli  mine,  for  the  same  period,  the 
total  miniDg  and  crushing  costs  were  38s.  5d.  per  ton 
— presumably  a  short  ton  in  all  Western  Australia 
instances. 

At  Mount  Morgan,  Queensland,  the  cost  of  dry 
crushing  for  1900  is  given  as  slightly  under  4s.  per 
ton. 

At  the  New  Ravenswood,  Ltd.,  Ravenswood,  the 
total  cost  of  mining  and  milling  their  refractory  ore 
is  (1902)  38s.  lOd.  per  ton— 2240  pounds.  The  works 
here,  however,  are  not  yet  complete. 

The  Brothers'  mill,  Ravenswood,  cart  and  crush 
hard  mineralized  quartz  for  15s.  per  ton,  and  dyke 
stuff  for  8s.  3d.  per  ton,  Carting  in  the  former  case 
costs  Is.  6d.  and  in  the  latter  9d.  per  ton.  Concen- 
tration by  Wilfley  tables  is  included,  but  not  cyanide. 

The  Commonwealth  mill  at  Donnybrook  for  similar 
treatment  charges  16s.  per  ton,  viz.,  2  for  carting 
and  14s.  for  crushing,  etc. 

The  cost  of  crushing,  concentration,  grinding  and 
smelting  of  concentrates  at  the  Imperial  mine,  Char- 
ters Towers,  for   the   half  year   ending  November, 

1901,  was  9s.  8}d.  per  ton  of  2240  pounds.  Their 
total  mine,  battery  and  office  costs  were  28s.  4|d. 
per  ton. 

The  usual  charges  for  carting  and  crushing  at  the 
Charters  Towers  mills  are  as  follows  : 

Per  Ton. 
£     s.  d. 

5  tons  or  under 5    00    0 

Over     5  tons  and  up  to    25  tons 0    14    6 

Over    25  tons  and  up  to    50  tons 0    13    6 

Over    50  tons  and  up  to  100  tons 0    13    0 

OverlOOtona 0    12    6 

Carting  costs  variously  up  to  2s.  3d.  per  ton,  all  of 
2240  pounds.  These  prices,  though  apparently  high, 
leave  a  very  small  margin  of  profit.  Numerous  small 
crushings  for  the  public  cause  much  loss  of  time  and 
require  a  large  number  of  pits  for  saving  the  tail- 
ings, also  entail  considerable  extra  cost  of  cleaning 
up.  If  a  mine,  owning  its  mill,  could  keep  it  fully 
supplied,  the  crushing,  concentrating  and  grinding 
costs  would  probably  not  exceed  7s.  6d.  per  ton. 


The  cost  of  crushing  and  concentration  only  at 
some  of  the  mills  is  stated  to  be  not  much  over  3s. 
per  ton.  Grinding  and  the  drying  and  bagging  of 
concentrates  necessitates  this  amount,  and  further 
expense  is  entailed  by  cyanide  treatment  or  smelting. 

The  exact  cost  per  ton  at  Charters  Towers  of  a 
5-ton  lot  or  a  1000-ton  lot  does  not  appear  to  be 
known,  and  in  high-grade  districts  like  Charters 
Towers  and  Ravenswood  there  will  always  be  numer- 
ous small  lots  raised,  and  there  must  be  custom  bat- 
teries to   treat  them. 

As  regards  the  duty  per  stamp  per  twenty-four 
hours  in  various  parts  of  the  world,  nothing  can  be 
done  in  the  way  of  a  correct  comparison  unless  the 
hardness,  etc.,  of  the  material  to  be  crushed  is  first 
compared  with  some  standard.  Even  within  the 
limits  of  Charters  Towers  and  Millchester  variations 
in  the  hardness  of  the  material  affect  the  rate  at 
which  it  can  be  crushed.  At  Ravenswood  one  party 
of  tributers  has  to  pay  the  mill  owner  nearly  twice 
as  much  as  another  party  has  to  pay  owing  to  the 
difference  in  the  character  of  the  material  crushed. 
It  may  be  said  that  the  best  mills  at  Charters  Tow- 
ers and  Ravenswood  crush  rather  over  2  tons  per 
stamp  per  twenty-four  hours  of  very  hard  mineral- 
ized quartz,  and  they  will  crush  4  tons  per  head  per 
day  of  softer  stuff,  and  each  ton  of  2240  pounds — not 
2000  pounds. 

Most  of  the  mills  at  Charters  Towers  have  high 
pressure  steam,  compound  condensing  engines,  rock 
breakers,  self-feeders,  etc.,  and  are  not  behind  hand 
in  adopting  the  latest  gold  or  mineral-saving  device 
if  it  suits  the  ore  which  occurs  in  the  gold  field. 
■«* 

Assaying  Cyanide  Solutions. 

To  the  Editor: — In  your  issue  of  June  6,  W.  H. 
Davis  of  the  Idaho  Gold  Coin  M.  &  M.  Co.,  Bear, 
Idaho,  comments  upon  "Assaying  Cyanide  Solutions  " 
by  a  method  mentioned  by  A.  H.  Jones  of  the  Smug- 
gler-Union, Telluride,  Colo. 

Have  used  practically  the  same  method  as  Mr. 
Jones,  both  in  this  country  and  in  South  Africa,  but 
have  nerer  experienced  the  discrepancy  mentioned 
when  the  other  part  of  the  work  was  looked  after 
with  the  same  care  as  the  assaying  of  the  solution. 

Have  checked  up  the  clean-ups  extremely  close 
with  this  method  on  low-value  solutions  where  the 
lead-tray  method  gave  varying  results. 

Can  see  no  reason  why  there  should  be  any  more 
loss  due  "  to  the  infusibility  of  zinc  silicate  or  loss  by 
sublimation  with  zinc  during  the  assay  "  than  there 
is  in  the  assay  of  zinc  ores.  The  assay  of  this  precipi- 
tate gives  a  beautifully  fluid  slag. 

There  might  be  a  loss  due  to  incomplete  precipita- 
tion, as  Mr.  Davis  suggests,  or  it  might  be  a  mechan- 
ical loss  due  to  incomplete  filtration.  This,  it  would 
seem,  is  obviated  by  the  method  I  have  used,  which 
differs  from  that  of  Mr.  Jones  in  this  particular:  The 
litharge  used  for  assaying  is  added  before  filtering; 
also,  some  milk  of  lime  and  soap  solution  are  after- 
wards added.  These,  mechanically,  take  everything 
out  of  solution,  clarifying  it  and  leaving  a  precipitate 
that  readily  filters.  The  solution  will  run  through 
the  filter  about  as  fast  as  it  can  be  poured  on.  The 
assay,  then,  is  finished,  as  Mr.  Jones  states. 

Maiden,  Mont.,  June  10.  C.  T.  Durell. 


Julv  4.  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


11 


Mining  Summary. 

Special  t  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mixlng  A.VD  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

Alaska-TreadwtU  G  M.  Co  at  Douglas 
May  returns  show  the  240  -;»n:c  mill  ran 
iji  and  the  300-stamp  miL  23J  days, 
:  g  a  total  of  72  889  tons  of  ore,  for 
bullion  rained  at  *>8  OT4.  and  1640  tons 
sulphurets,  valued  at  ISO  476  Working 
expends  for  month.  *i3  313. 

F  M.  Stone,  manager  of  the  Alaska 
Treasurer  Co  .  report-  he  will  start  further 
development  work  on  the  group  on  the 
lover  end  of  Douglas  Island. 

Placer  mines  on  Slate  and  5 
Windham  Bay  district,  are  reported  run- 
ning 10  cents  to  15  cents  per  pan.    Several 

quartz   properties  are  being  worked. 

The  Yellow  Jacket  Co.  is  putting  is  ma- 
chinery and  expect  to  increase  develop- 
ment.  The  Jennie  Reld  G.  M.  Co.  re- 
port work  progressing. 

At  the  Alaska-Juneau  mine,  in  Silver 
Bow  Basin,  near  Juneau,  forty-five  stamps 
are  dropping  Three  machines  on  day 
and  two  on  night  shift  are  breaking  ore. 
The  company  has  fifty  men  at  work. 

Near  Ketchikan,  preliminary  work  on 
building  a  smelter  has  been  started  by 
the  Brown-Alaska  Co.,  says  Manager  P. 
Johnson. 

The  Crystal  G.  M.  Co.  is  dropping  five 
stamps  at  its  mine  in  Snettisham  dis- 
trict, says  Manager  B  rTlnes.  The  ore 
■  :r  are  filled  with  milling  ore. 

Manager  P.  Early  of  the  Bessie  G.  M 
Co  ,  operating  at  Yankee  Cove,  reports 
the  foundation  down  for  the  2  mile  wagon 
road  and  the  sawmill  cutting  lumber  for 
the  planking.  The  stamp  mill  machinery 
is  being  taken  In. 

O  E.  Sauter,  speaking  of  oil  in  Alaska, 
tells  the  Alaska  Dispatch  one  of  the  oil 
fields  extends  northwest  from  Yakatago 
to  V aides,  a  distance  of  125  miles,  and  the 
other  extends  from  Yaldes  southwesterly 
along  the  Alaskan  peninsula  to  Chigii 
bay,  a  distance  of  150  miles.  There  are 
oil  Indications  in  all  of  this  district.  At 
Catalle  there  is  one  well  producing,  and 
at  Iliamna  there  are  several  wells  down 
Two  rigs  have  been  started  at  work  at 
Cold  bay,  one  by  A.  Castella  of  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  and  the  other  by  J.  Cary  of  Wash- 
ington. 

The  Oil  Reporter  says  it  is  estimated 
that  1000  men  are  in  the  Alaska  oil  fields, 
and  that  during  the  summer  5000  are  ex- 
pected to  be  on  the  ground. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

A  10-stamp  mill  will  be  built  by  the 
Golden  Era  M.  Co  ,  near  Bis  bee,  and  the 
plant  is  expected  to  be  In  operation  by 
Aug.  10. 

The  Duluth  &  Pittsburg  Dev.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  at  Calumet,  Mich.,  to 
operate  near  Bisbee.  The  directors  are 
C.  Briggs,  P.  Ruppe,  J  S  Dymock,  C.  A. 
Conger,  G.  E.  Tener.  C.  d'Autremont,  J. 
Hoatson,  T.  F  Cole  and  T.  Hoatson.  The 
company  has  a  shaft  down  200  feet  and 
development  work  will  be  continued. 

At  the  Twilight  mine,  near  Bisbee,  the 
machinery  has  been  placed  in  position, 
says  Superintendent  Parnell,  and  when 
the  hoist  is  in  position  the  shaft  will  con- 
tinue sinking.  Compressed  air  drills  will 
be  used. 

E.  C.  Bartlett  of  Dillon,  Mont.,  has 
bought  the  Rider  group  of  copper  rlaima 
near  the  Burns  group,  owned  by  the 
Chiricahua  Dev.  Co.,  in  the  Chiricahua 
mountains,  near  Douglas,  and  will  begin 
work  this  month.  One  claim  of  the  group 
has  a  showing  of  copper  ore  at  depth  of  80 
feet  In  a  shaft,  the  bottom  of  which  is  all 
in  ore  assaying  16%  copper  and  with  some 
silver  and  gold,  says  the  Douglas  Inter- 
national. 

Development  on  the  Amole  No  1  of  the 
Martinez  G.  M.  Co.  group,  in  Yellowstone 
district,  north  of  Benson,  is  confined  to 
a  tunnel  being  driven  to  cut  the  ledge  at 
depth  of  250  feet.  The  tunnel  is  in  170 
feet,  and  expected  to  cut  the  vein  at  230 
feet.  The  open  cut  above  the  tunnel  has 
shown  the  vein  to  be  2  feet  in  width,  with 
values  running  $60  per  ton.  Work  on 
shaft  No.  8  is  down  40  feet  and  shows  a 
ledge  of  2  feet  of  free  milling  ore. 
MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

The  Arizona  M.  <fc  Dev.  Co.  are  operat- 
ing the  Ryland  lead  and  silver  mine,  near 
Wickenburg. 

It  is  reported  the  10-stamp  mill  on  the 
O'Brien  mine,  near  Wickenburg,  will  be 
enlarged  by  addition  of  twenty  stamps. 
A  hoisting  plant  will  also  be  put  in. 

At  Wickenburg,  T   Elder,  W.    S.   Rees 
&  Co.  expect  to  blow  in  their  30- ton  water- 
jacket  smelting  furnace  next  week- 
MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Tennes- 
see mine  at  Chloride  is  in  silver-lead  ore  of 


good  grade  In  the  drift  on  the  600  level. 
The  Elkhart  mine  and  mill  are  both  in 
operation.  The  mill  is  handling  100  tana  ' 
daily.  The  Minnesota,  mine  and  mill  have 
been  idle  of  hue.  but  W.  J.  CleeUnd,  presi- 
dent of  the  Philadelphia  A  Arizona  M. 
Co.,  is  expected  from  Philadelphia,  when 
it  is  expected  work  will  be  resumec 
in  some  parts  of  the  mine  is  looking  well. 
the  rein  is  of  good  size,  and  carries  forty 
ounces  silver.  The  Samoa  mine,  operated 
by  Hcffman  Bros.,  continues  In  rich  ship- 
ping ore.  Some  of  this  ore  carries  3f 00 
ounces  silver  to  the  ton.  one  and  one-haif 
ounce  gold  and  1%  to  9\  copper.  The 
principal   work   is  on  the  350  level.     The 

,  Lucky  Boy  mine,  adjoining  the  Samoa  on 
the  north,    belonging  to  T.  B.  Scott  and 

.  others  of  Chicago,  111,  is  working  twenty- 
five  men.  Ore  from  this  ■ 
packed  to  the  railroad  by  jack  train  and 
shipped.  During  June  four  carloads  were 
sent  out.  It  is  lccally  reported  that  work 
on  the  Pinkham  mine  is  to  be  resumed 
The  mire  is  owred  by  the  Schee  Bros,  of 
Santa  Monica  ,  CaL,  who  have  developed 

;  it  while  extracting  a  large  quantity  of  low. 

I  grade  ore.  The  mine  is  thoroughly 
( quii  ped.  J.  Barry  has  let  a  contract  for 
the   sinking  of  the   140-foot  shaft  on  the 

;  Sunrise  mine  100  feet  deeper,  and  the 
steam  hoist  has   been   overhauled.      The 

i  Sunrise  ore  is  low  grade.  The  shaft  so 
far,  in  sinking,  is  all  in  ore.  The 
Pavroll  mine  will  be  worked  again,  say 
J.  M.  Murphy  and  I.  M  Hawkins  of  King- 
man, owners.  The  work  to  be  done  will 
consist  mainly  in  developing  the  lease 
formerly  opened  up,  also  in  sinking  of  the 
shaft  deeper  and  driving  a  crosscut  for  a 
parallel  vein,  which  shows  good  surface 
croppings.  The  mine  has  an  abundance 
of  water.     The  silver  discovery  by  J  Car- 

j  roll,  near  the  Juno  mine,   is  being  devel- 
oped, the  vein  of  ore  showing  2  feet  wide, 
and  assaying  fifty  ounces  silver. 
Chloride. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 
The  B.  B.  mine  In  Cherry  Creek  dis- 
trict, near  Cherry,  15  miles  south  of  the 

i  United  States  group,  which  has  been  shut 
down  for  four  years,  will  be  reopened,  says 
Manager  De  Keuhn. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AilADOR  COUNTY. 
At  the  Gover  mine,  near  Amador  City, 
the  framework  on  the  mill  is  finished  and 
the  machinery  is  being  put  in. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

The  Dunbarton  Castle  mine  and  the 
Homestafce  mining  claims,  near  Railroad 
I  Flat,  have  been  bonded  to  L  M.  Rucker 
of  San  Jose,  who  will  begin  operations 
next  week.  He  will  drive  a  tunnel  into 
th->  hill  and  expects  to  strike  the  vein  at 
depth  of  500  feet. 

The  120-stamp  mill  of  the  Royal  Con. 
M  &  M.  Co.  at  Hodson  is  expected  to  start 
up  next  week,  says  the  Citizen. 

Last  week  at  the  Purinton  gravel  mine, 
4  miles  from  Angels,  the  1100"  foot  tunnel 
was  finished.  The  tunnel  tapped  the 
channel  near  the  old  workings,  in  which  a 
great  deal  of  water  had  collected.  No 
more  work  will  be  done  until  after  the 
channel  is  drained,  says  Superintendent 
F.  Purinton. 

EL  DORADO  COUNTY. 
The  Bryan  roller  mill  at  the  Game  Cock 
mine,  Webber  Creek  district,  near  Placer- 
ville,  was  started  up  last  week.  Work 
continues  at  the  Mammoth  mine  across 
Webber  creek  from  the  Game  Cock,  the 
tunnel  being  in  291  feet.  They  have  a  16 
foot  ledge;  both  properties  are  being  de- 
veloped by  the  Rustler  M.  Co. 

The  El  Dorado  G.  &  C.  M  Co.  has  made 
final  payment  of  510.000  on  the  Eureka 
and  Woodside  quartz  mines,  near  George- 
town. The  company  has  also  bought  the 
Modoc   the  Van   and   the  Bilger  quartz 

i  mines  adjoining   the   Whiteside  and  the 

|  Eureka.  A  steam  hoisting  plant  will  be 
built.  In  addition  to  the  gold  quartz 
mines  the  company  owns  the  Ford  copper 

1  mine  on  which    development   work  con- 

|  tinues. 

The  10-stamp  mill  at  the  Jasper  mine  on 

.  Webber  creek,  near  Placerville,  is  in  oper- 
ation, and  in  the  mine  they  are  drifting  on 
the  100-foot  level. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 
At  Coalinga,    H.  H.  Brix,    manager  of 

|  the  Coalinga  Con.  Water  Co.,  has  taken 
an  option  on  the  Barker  section  of  oil  land. 

! Additional  ground   has   been  bought 

I  by  the  Rhode  Island-California  Oil  Co.  and 
work  will  be  begun  this  month. 

KERN  COUNTY. 
The   Southern   Pacific  R.  R  Co.  is  re- 
ported to  have  bought  forty  acres  addi- 
'  tional  of  oil  lands  at  McKittrick  from  the 
Alia  Oil  Co  for  r200O  per  acre.     There  is 
,  one  producing  well  finished  on  the  land 
1  and  the  railroad  is  expected  to  drill  an- 
other, starting  operations  this  month. 

The  Metropolitan  Co.  has  incorporated 

at  Bakersfield,  to  operate  in  oil  and  mines, 

I  with  principal    office    at    San   Francisco: 


F.  C.  Drew  and  H.  Bernard  of   Alameda. 
C    B   Gillespie,  P.  Hall  and  J.  G.  W 
San  Francisco. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 

Electric  machinery  for  the  Brunswick 
mine,  near  Grass  '■  3  on  the  ground. 

The  insulated  electric  cable  for  the  main 
shaft  is  Ufil  IBM  ._  oif-.i  i;i  weighs 
T430  pounds-  The  three  electric  pumps 
have  a  capacity  of  1200  gallons  per  minute. 
The  work  on  the  16x16  duplex  compressor 
is  finished. 

The  Grass  Yallev  Con.  mine  at  Grass 
Valley  has  been  sold  to  J.  M.  O'Brien  of 
San  Francisco  G.  W.  Root  is  manager 
of  the  company  which  has  been  working 
the  mine  under  bond.  He  says  develop- 
ment will  be  Increased. 

The  Centennial  mine  on  Osborn  hill  at 
Grass   Valley   is   reported   sold  to  G    W. 
Root,  manager   of  the  Grass  Valie 
M.  Co      In  addition.  Manager  Root  also 
bought  for  his  company  the  Dewev 
trum  and  Pinnacle  mines. 

The  Zeibright  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated at  Nevada  City  to  operate  the 
Zeibright  mine  south  of  Grass  Valley  and 
near  the  Placer  countv  line.  F.  Zeftler, 
W.  F.  Englebright,  'J.  J.  Jackson,  F. 
Searls  and  J.  spaulding  are  directors. 
Work  is  in  progress  at  the  mine  putting 
up  buildings  and  an  air  compressor  and 
the  tunnel  will  be  driven  ahead. 

The  Potosi  Orleans  M.  Co.,  operating 
(he  Federal  Loan  mine  in  Willow  valley, 
near  Nevada  City,  have  put  in  three  more 
machine  drills.  As  soon  as  repairs  are 
made  the  10-stamp  mill  will  be  started. 

PLACER   COUNTY. 

The  Chicago  mine,  near  Penryn,  is  be- 
ing reopened  by  H  B  Hilgeman  of  St. 
Louis,  Ma,  with  J.  M.  E.  Manley  of  Pen- 
ryn as  superintendent. 
"The  Hidden  Treasure  M.  Co^  operating 
the  Hidden  Treasure  drift  mine  at  Center- 
ville,  has  2.0  men  at  work. 

PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

H.  Gobert,  part  owner  of  the  Crown 
Point  mine  on  Squirrel  creek,  12  miles 
from  Quincy,  reports  their  10-stamp  mill.  | 
on  a  ten  days'  run  on  seventy-five  tons  of 
ore,  working  nine  hours  a  day,  produced  ! 
ninety-eight  and  three-fourths  ounces  of 
gold,  valued  at  (2000. 

Operations  were  begun  at  the  Clsybank 
tunnel,    near    Laporte.    last    week,"   says 
Superintendent   D.    Corbett.     Two  shifts 
are  driving  to  tap  the  channel. 
SAN  MATEO  COUNTY. 

At  Half  Moon  Bay,    at  1520  feet,   the  I 
Paxton  Oil  Co.  report  striking  stratum 
carrying  50=  gravity  oil  of  a  light  color. 

SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 
An  oil  well  has  been  brought  in  near 
Careaga  Rancho,  in  the  northern  part  of 
the  county,  the  first  flow  being  at  the  rate 
of  thirty  barrels  per  minute,  say  the  re- 
corts.  Oil  shot  50  feet  above  the  top  of 
the  derrick.  The  depth  of  the  well  is  2000 
feet- 

SANTA  CKUZ  COUNTY. 

iSpecial  Correspondence  ) — J  Enrightis 
operating  the  Stribling  mine,  about  5  miles 
northwest  of  Santa  Cruz  The  mine  until 
recently  had  been  idle  for  many  years, 
though  at  one  time  equipped  with  a  mill. 
The  formation  is  granite  and  a  vein  of 
quartz  reported  to  have  been  rich  was 
discovered  and  worked  to  shallow  depth  [ 
when  the  vein  pinching  work  was  discon- 
tinued. Mr.  Enright  is  doing  develop- 
ment in  search  of  new  ore  bodies. 

Santa  Cruz,  June  30. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 

At  the  Conner  gold  mine  on  Salt  creek, 
near  Redding,  a  shoot  has  been  opened  up 
in  the  main  vein.  The  streak  was  struck 
in  the  drift  being  run  from  the  hanging 
wall  of  the  main  vein  and  100  feet  from  the 
mouth  of  the  drift.  The  tunnel  being  run 
on  the  hanging  wall  of  the  main  ore  body 
will  be  driven  ahead  800  feet,  cutting  a 
series  of  veins.  The  last  or  most  westerly 
will  be  cut  at  depth  of  500  feet  from  the 
surface. 

The  work  of  rebuilding  the  dredger  of 
the  Detroit-California  Dredging  Co.,  de- 
stroyed by  fire,  on  Clear  creek,  near 
Horsetown,  near  Redding,  has  started 
this  week,  savs  President  Heintz.  The 
total  loss  was  3*0,000  and  $30,000 insurance 
^•as  held. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Operations  have  been  resumed  at  the 
Kenton  mine,  at  Alleghany,  says  Superin- 
tendent A.  Fitzgerald. 

The  Wild  Boar  mine  at  Gibsonville  is 
putting  in  machinery,  including  an  electric 
plant,  to  furnish  power  to  sink  the  incline 
to  show  the  depth  of  the  channel  struck 
last  month. 

SISKIYOU    COUNTY. 

At  the  Blue  Ledge  group  of  copper 
mines  on  Joe  creek,  near  the  Oregon  line 
and  near  Jacksonville,  Or.,  Superinten- 
dent J.  P.  Harvey  says  a  smelter  will  be 
built.  The  group  is"  owned  by  P.  Clark 
and  M.  Kingsbury  of  Spokane,  Wash. 

Hadley  &  Co.,  who  have  a  bond  on  the 


Parks  placer  ground  at  Yreka.  have  placed 
a  pump  with  engine  and  boiler  for  drain- 
age of  same  while  sinking  shaft  and  hoist- 
ing pay  gravei  from  bedrock. 
TRINITY  COUNTY. 
ie   Three  Peaks  mine,   on   Battle 
crek,   in  Coffee  Creek  district,  nea- 
ville,  owned  by  the  Three  Peaks  M.  Co  . 
operations  have   been  resumed,  the  snow 

[    melted   sufficiently.     G.  E 
Redding,  superintendent,  is  putting  inad- 

ll  machinery,  and  the  mill  k  ex- 
pected to  be  ready' for  the  stamps  to  drop 
next  week. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

—  The     old 
Golden  City  mine,  near  La  Grans: . 
operation  after  an  idleness  of  many  years. 

Naylor  Williams  is  opening  the  mine  un- 
der bond  and  is  prospecting  for  new  ore 
bodies  by  means  of  crosscuts,  and  is  re- 
ported to  have  made  important  discov- 
eries 

La  Grange,  June  29 

Superintendent  W.  P.  Miller,  at  the 
Keltz  mine,  near  Columbia,  has  sixteen 
men  at  work  and  five  stamps  are  dropping 
in  the  mill.  Prospecting  is  being  done 
farther  to  the  north  along  the  line  of  the 
;ii 

More  men  have  been  put  on  at  the  Ma- 
zeppa  mine,  near  Stent,  making  twenty 
men  at  work.  The  10  stamp  mi|l  is  run- 
:.:;  steadily. 

Development  work  is  progressing  at  the 
Shoenberg  mine,  near  Grovelani 
Superintendent  Dale.  A  crosscut  at  depth 
of  80  feet  shows  the  vein  to  be  7  feet  be- 
tween walls  Drifting  is  being  done  east 
and  west  on  the  vein.  It  is  proposed  to 
put  in  a  hoist  and  continue  explorations  to 
greater  depth. 

YUBA  COUNTY. 
Machinery  is  on  the  ground  for  the  gold 
dredgers  building  at  CamptonvUle.  They 
will  operate  along  the  North  Yubs 
handling  the  sands  and  gravel  as  well  as 
the  tailings  from  the  hydraulic  mines. 
The  prospecting  drills  have  shown  pay 
dirt  on  the  bottoms  of  the  old  channels.  * 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER    COUNTY. 

The  Montgomery  M.  &  M.  Co.  of  Colo- 
rado Springs,  owning  fifteen  acres  of  land 
at  Ward,  has  decided  to  build  a  cyanide 
mill  to  handle  the  tailings  from  its  10- 
stamp  mill.  The  mill  is  handling  thirty 
tons  a  day,  concentrating  twelve  into  one. 
Tables  are  used.  The  company  has  de- 
veloped the  mine  to  depth  of  240  feet  by 
two  shafts  and  two  tunnels.  The  ore  is 
free  milling.  R.  Mullen  of  Colorado 
Springs  is  president. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 

Lessee  Murphy  of  the  Vanderbilt  mine, 
near  Custer,  is  putting  in  machinery.     In 
one  of  the  open  cuts  has  been  started  a 
shaft  that  will  tap  the  ore  body. 
CHAFFEE  COUNTY. 

The  Independence  mine  at  Turret  will 
have  a  50  ton  leaching  plant,  work  on 
which  has  started.  It  is  expected  to  be 
ready  by  August  1.  The  principal  values 
are  in  copper. 

FREMONT   COUNTY. 

The  Keystone  Oil  Co.  near  Florence 
struck  oil  at  depth  of  1700  feet  in  well  No. 
6  last  week.  This  oil  body  will  produce 
twenty  barrels  per  day,  but  as  a  larger 
supply  exists  1000  feet  lower,  the  hole  will 
be  deepened. 

The  Portland  Cement  Co.  has  men  at 
work  in  its  gypsum  deposits  at  Coaldale, 
which  have  been  opened  up  so  that  fifteen 
carloads  are  daily  sent  to  the  cement  fac- 
tory, 6  miles  east  of  Florence. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

C.  S.  Palmer  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  own- 
ing the  Sarah  Jane  mine,  in  Pine  mining 
district,  near  Central  City,  says  the  Sarah 
Jane  has  been  consolidated  with  the 
Mackey  group,  owned  by  L  J.  Mountz. 
Arrangements  have  been  made  to  build  a 
mill  of  thirty  tons  daily  capacity  at  the 
junction  of  Elk  and  Pine  creeks. 

Omaha,  Neb.,  men,  interested  in  the 
Electric  Spark  G.  M.  Co  ,  have  taken  the 
Shamrock  group,  near  Russell  Gulch,  un- 
der lease  and  bond  and  have  put  up  a 
shaft  building  and  a  steam  plant  of  ma- 
chinery. The  main  shaft  is  350  feet  deep 
and  is  being  retimbered.  J.  C.  Martin  is 
manager. 

The  Blue  Grass  M.  Co.,  near  Central 
City,  will  build  a  stamp  mill  this  summer, 
says  R.  L.  Parish  of  Leon,  Iowa,  presi- 
dent and  manager  of  the  company.  It 
will  be  a  10-stamp  rapid-drop  mill  with 
SCO-pound  stamps,  and  will  use  table  con- 
centrators. It  will  be  on  the  millsite 
owned  by  the  company  on  Beaver  creek, 
and  1700  feet  distance  from  the  mines. 
Water  is  coming  in  at  the  Lone  Star 
mine  and  the  200  gallon  water  skip  in 
order  to  handle  30,000  gallons  each  day 
has  to  be  used  steadily  for  six  hours. 
The  company  will  put  in  a  pump. 

T.  K.  Brooks  has  a  lease  and   bond  on 


12 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4, 1903. 


the  German  and  Phoenix  claims  in  Phoe- 
nix district,  near  Central  City,  and  is 
arranging  to  put  up  a  hoisting  plant  on 
the  German. 

W.  H.  Myers  &  Co.  have  a  leaBe  and 
bond  ou  the  Gold  Anchor  mine  midway 
between  Perigo  and  Wide  Awake.  There 
is  a  tunnel  in  300  feet  which  will  be  retim- 
bered  and  600  feet  of  track  put  in. 

The  Edna  G.  M.  Co.  has  its  concentrat- 
ing plant,  below  the  junction  of  Russell 
and  Lake  creeks,  near  Russell  gulch,  in 
operation.  Water  for  the  plant  is  pumped 
out  of  the  Edna  tunnel.  The  ore  is  com- 
ing from  the  Mida  G.  M.  Co.'s  ground, 
operated  by  the  same  parties,  with  E.  C. 
Miles  superintendent  of  both  mines  and 
the  plant. 

GUNNISON     COUNTY. 

Operations  on  the  Hercules  and  Ajax 
lodes  at  Elko  are  under  way.  Develop- 
ment work  so  far  shows  a  vein  4  feet  in 
width  and  assaying  $2  in  gold,   26   ounces 

In    silver    and    i%    copper. The    Elk 

BaBin  M.  Co.  reports  work  progressing  on 
its  group  of  claims  in  Elk  Basin,  near  Ir- 
win.  The  North  Pole  M.  Co.  continues 

development  on  its  group  in  Crystal  dis- 
trict, near  Elko.     Copper  ore  is  showing. 

The  Mono  mine,  near  Pitkin,  is  in  opera- 
tion by  J.  M.  Gardner  &  Co.,  who  hold  a 
lease  from  the  Mono  M.  Co.  They  have 
low-grade  ore  contracted  for  from  several 
properties,  also  there  is  an  ore  body  show- 
ing in  the  Mono  tunnel,  which  will  be 
treated  at  the  mill.     The  Mono  tunnel  is 

in  500  feet.  Ore  is  being  taken  out  of 

the  Jessie  and  Hill  Top  mines  by  T.  Stan- 
ley for  treatment  at  the  Mono  mill.  There 
are  2J  feet  of  mineral  showing  that  runs 
816  per  ton  in  gold.  The  pay  streak  in 
the  Hill  Top  is  a  foot  in  width   and   runs 

$25  per  ton. The  Whig  Co.  continues 

development  work.  Its  shaft  has  passed 
through  a  stratum  between  the  oxide  and 
sulphide  zones. 

At  Vulcan,  the  Dubois  Tunnel  Co.  laBt 
week  crosscut  the  Pride  of  Denver  vein 
for  50  feet,  and  at  a  depth  of  450  feet,  says 
W.  S.  Chenoweth,  of  Davenport,  Iowa, 
manager.  Chenoweth  is  also  interested 
in  the  Davenport  and  Adair  group  in  the 
same  district,  on  which  two  tunnels  are 
being  driven  to  cut  a  series  of  veins. 
When  these  veins  are  developed  suf- 
ficiently  to   warrant  a  heavy  output,    a 

concentrating  plant  will  be  built. The 

Headlight  M.  Co.  is  sinking  its  shaft  near 
Spencer,  which  is  down  180  feet,  and  it 
will  be  continued  to  200  feet  before  the 
first  level  is  run  on  the  vein.  The  vein 
has  been  followed  from  the  surface,  and 
carries  values  in  gold,  says  Superinten- 
dent  Ehlerding.  Progress    is    being 

made  In  sinking  the  Good  Hope  shaft.  It 
is  down  500  feet,  and  will  be  continued 
farther  before  the  level  is  run  into  the 
ore  shoot. 

HINSDALE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  For  some 
time  the  large  mines  around  Lake  City 
have  been  contemplating  the  erection  of  a 
smelter  to  handle  their  ore.  D.  A.  Farrell, 
manager  of  the  Red  Rover  mine,  is  at  the 
head  of  the  project.  The  smelter  will  be 
built  during  the  summer  at  Gunnison. 

Lake  City,  June  29. 

JEFFERSON    COUNTY. 

The  Clear  Creek  M.  &  R.  Co.  reopened 
Hb  smelter  at  Golden  last  week  after  a 
shut  down  of  three  months,  on  account  of 
repairs  and  difficulty  with  the  union.  By 
a  compromise  the  labor  trouble  has  been 
settled.  The  company  intends  to  build  a 
refinery. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

Leadville  advices  estimate  the  output 
of  the  camp  for  the  month  of  June  at  an 
average  of  2800  tons  a  day,  and  in  July 
this  is  expected  to  be  increased  to  3000 
tons.  The  most  of  this  will  come  from 
the  Coronado  and  the  Ibex  mines,  as  the 
shaft  of  the  latter  company  is  being  con- 
nected with  the  Yak  tunnel.  The  West- 
ern M.  Co.  Is  shipping  500  tons  daily,  and 
next  week  this  will  be  increased  to  650 
tons.  The  ore  is  coming  from  the  Wolf- 
tone,  MidaB,  A.  Y.  and  Minnie.  The 
pumpB  at  the  Wolftone  are  raising  1000 
gallons  of  water  per  minute. 

The  Leadville-Oro  M.  &  L.  Co.  will  be- 
gin operations  next  week  to  develop  the 
ground  between  the  Carbonate  fault  and 
the  Bon  Air  and  P.  O.  S.  mines  at  Lead- 
ville. This  includes  the  Oro  and  the 
O'Donovan  Rossa  claims.  It  is  intended 
to  Bink  a  shaft  to  depth  of  600  feet  and 
drive  a  drift  northwest  from  that  depth 
to  cut  the  ore  shoots  developed  by  the 
Bon  Air  and  P.  O.  S.  Machinery  will  be 
placed,  and  the  work  of  excavation  for 
foundation  for  boilers  and  engine  is  under 
way.  A  shaft,  3}x7  feet,  is  already  sunk 
to  depth  of  320  feet.  This  will  be  en- 
larged and  sunk  to  the  proposed  depth. 
The  company  is  composed  of  Texas  and 
Denver  men,  with  W.  G.  Nicholson  of 
Denver  as  president  and  J.  R.  Curley  as 
manager. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

The  Tenbroeck,  near  La  Plata,  has  been 
leased  to  L  C.  Williams,  who  will  drive  a 


tunnel  200  feet  under  LowIb  mountain,  ob- 
taining  a  depth  from  surface  of  1000  feet. 

The  Bay   City  mine,  under  lease  to 

G.  Dotson,  has  begun  shipping  ore  to  Du- 
rango.  The  mine  is  within  200  feet  of  the 
wagon  road  and  7  miles  from  Hesperus 
station  on  the  Rio  Grande  Southern.     It 

also  has  milling  ore. The  Bonnie  Girl 

Co.,  operating  near  La  Plata,  are  increas- 
ing development  work,  says  Manager 
McLeod.  They  will  remodel  the  stamp 
mill  to  include  cyaniding. 

MINERAL  COUNTY. 
Manager  J.  Nause  of  the  Nelson  Moun- 
tain M.  Co.  has  work  under  way  on  their 
group  of  claims  ou  Nelson  mountain,  near 
Creede,  which  they  are  operating  under 
bond  and  lease. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

The  Keystone  Hydraulic  M.  Co  ,  oper- 
ating the  Keystone  placer  on  San  Miguel 
river,  5  miles  below  Tellurlde,  began  wash- 
ing gravel  last  week.  C.  M.  Coleman  is 
manager.  The  gravel  at  the  bottom  of 
the  pit  at  bedrock,  where  the  washing  is 
going  on,  carries  50  cents  per  cubic  yard, 
and  25  cents  near  the  surface. 

The  Tom  Boy  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Tellurlde, 
has  put  three  of  the  Beven  Huntington 
mills  in  the  old  plant,  which  has  been  idle 
since  December,  1902,  by  reason  of  the 
lack  of  water  for  milling  purposes,  In 
operation,  and  later  the  others  will  be 
started,  Bays  the  TimeB.  The  capacity  of 
this  plant  is  225  tons  daily,  and  is  supplied 
with  mineral  from  the  Tom  Boy  mines 
proper.  The  company  has  bought  the 
Mountain  Chief  claim,  adjoining  the  Bel- 
mont on  the  north,  which  adjoins  the 
Tom  Boy,  for  $100,000.  This  claim  is  on 
the  Tom  Boy  vein  and  is  thought  to  con- 
tain a  continuation  of  the  ore  shoot  that 
exists  in  the  Belmont  and  Tom  Boy.  It 
will  be  opened  up  and  the  ore  handled 
through  the  Belmont  and  Tom  Boy  work- 
ings. The  company's  other  plant  has 
Bixty  stamps  dropping  regularly,  crush- 
ing 175  tons  per  day.  Its  supply  of  ore 
comes  from  the  Argentine  and  Cincinnati, 

There  are  450  tons  daily  of  mineral  be- 
ing sent  down  over  the  wire  rope  tram- 
way from  the  Smuggler-Union  mines, 
near  Tellurlde.  This  supply  1b  keeping 
the  new  60  stamp  mill  and  forty  stamps  of 
the  old  mill  dropping  regularly.  The 
main  portion  of  the  gold  values  are  saved 
on  the  mill  plates  by  amalgamation,  and 
the  concentrate  shipments  from  the  two 
mills  amount  to  two  and  a  half  carloads 
daily,  says  B.  Wells,  manager.  The  com- 
pany has  400  men  at  work. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 
At  the  Cashier  mine  in  Brown's  gulch, 
near  Breckenridge,  Manager  Wood  says 
he  will  reduce  the  cost  of  mining  (break- 
ing) the  ore  by  putting  in  a  steam  shovel. 
To  provide  room  for  working  this  ma- 
chine, a  tunnel,  12x14  in  size,  is  being  run 
from  the  surface  to  the  ore,  which  is  but 
50  feet  under  cover.  The  ore  body  will  be 
exposed  and  worked  like  a  quarry.  The 
shovel  will  be  operated  by  electricity  sup- 
plied by  the  power  house. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). —  The  Ajax 
G.  M.  Co.  at  Victor  has  struck  a  flow  of 
water  in  the  1200-foot  level  and  will  put  in 
pumps  before  it  can  work  at  the  level. 
It  is  now  operating  on  the  1100-foot 
level. 

The  Woods  Investment  Co.  at  Victor 
expects  to  have  its  power  plant  and  line 
completed  to  Pueblo  by  July  1 5th. 

Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  June  29. 

It  is  proposed  to  build  a  cyanide  mill  on 
the  east  slope  of  Bull  hill,  Cripple  Creek, 
for  treatment  of  ore  of  the  Uncle  Sam 
mine.  This  mine  has  a  vein  3  feet  In  width 
of  $6  ore,  and  tests  have  shown  it  suscep- 
tible of  cyanide  treatment. LesBeeB  on 

the  Rose  Maude  mine  have  unwatered  the 
shaft.  The  shaft  is  100  feet  in  depth  with 
drifts  180  feet.  Development  work  has 
started  from  the  bottom  level,  where  they 
will  crosscut  in  two  directions. 

The  April  Pool  claim  on  Squaw  moun- 
tain, Cripple  Creek,  owned  by  the  Squaw 
Mountain  M.  Co.,  will  be  developed 
through  the  Columbine-Victor  tunnel, 
that  is  driven  through  Squaw  mountain 
from  the  Eclipse  gulch  side  to  the  Gold 
Coin  mine.  At  present  the  April  Pool 
claim  is  being  operated  through  the  666- 
foot  level  of  the  Golconda  mine. 

The  Prudential  Gold  Extraction  Co. 
has  been  incorporated  at  Cripple  Creek 
by  T.  Cornish,  J.  A.  Dunwoody,  E.  P. 
Arthur,  Z.  E.  Punk  and  J.  Stovekin,  the 
last-named  being  manager.  The  process 
to  be  used  is  a  modified  form  of  the  cyan- 
ide process,  says  the  Cripple  Creek  Times, 
and  ore  containing  as  low  as  $4  in  gold 
can  be  treated  at  a  profit.  The  ores  will 
be  ground  to  pass  through  a  150-mesh 
screen.  The  ore  is  first  crushed  and  then 
set  into  the  rolls,  where  a  weak  solution 
of  cyanide  is  permitted  to  run.  After 
passing  through  the  rolls,  the  pulp  passes 
into  a  tube  mill,  22  feet  long  and  5  feet  in 
diameter,  and  containing  five  tons  of  steel 
balls.    Leaving  the  tube  mill,  the  pulp 


passes  into  agitation  tanks  (four  In  num- 
ber). Before  the  pulp  reaches  the  agita- 
tion tanks,  however,  it  is  said  that  75%  of 
the  values  will  have  been  extracted.  In 
these  tanks  agitation  will  keep  the  pulp  in 
constant  motion,  and  there  will  be  no 
chance  for  the  pulp  to  cake  or  settle  and 
it  will  be  exposed  to  the  free  oxygen  in 
the  air  that  it  is  constantly  in  contact 
with.  After  passing  through  the  agita- 
tion tanks  the  pulp  is  conveyed  to  a  large 
settling  tank  and  from  there  passed 
through  a  filter  press,  in  which  80%  of 
the  solution  is  secured  with  the  first  press- 
ing. 

The  Accident  mine  on  Gold  hill,  Cripple 
Creek,  adjoining  the  Pointer  and  Mint 
groups,  is  being  worked  under  a  bond  and 
lease  by  B.  F.  Hickman  through  the 
third  and  fourth  levels  of  the  Pointer 
group.  The  lessee  is  following  an  18-inch 
shoot  of  ore  that  runs  three  ounces  gold 
per  ton,  and  Is  making  shipments. 

It  is  reported  the  Stratton  Cripple  Creek 
M.  &  Dev.  Co.  intends  to  build  a  cyanide 
mill  on  Globe  hill,  near  Cripple  Creek,  to 
treat  bodies  of  low-grade  ore  exposed  in 
the  various  workings  of  the  properties 
owned  by  the  company.  It  is  claimed  no 
leases  will  be  granted  on  the  parts  laid  out 
on  this  hill. 

E.  M.  De  La  Vergne,  president  of  the 
Mary  Nevin  G.  M.  Co  ,  reportB  two  leases 
granted  on  their  ground  on  Beacon  hill, 
Cripple  Creek.  The  first  lease  was  to  the 
Hanover  L.  Co.,  H.  Granfield  manager, 
on  the  south  100  feet  of  the  Mary  Nevin 
and  Hibernia  claims  for  three  years.  It  Is 
the  Intention  of  the  lessees  to  sink  a  shaft 
300  feet  and  from  that  depth  prospect  the 
property.  The  second  lease  was  to  Coe  & 
Co.  of  Cripple  Creek  on  the  north  500  feet 
of  the  group  for  two  years  at  25%  roy- 
alties. 

At  Victor  the  El  Paso-Gold  King  mine 
in  Poverty  gulch  Is  making  steady  ship- 
ments of  ore,  although  the  lower  levels 
are  filled  with  water.  As  soon  as  the 
pump,  capable  of  hoisting  water  at  the 
rate  of  1500  gallons  a  minute  from  depth 
1000  feet  is  set  up,  the  shaft  will  be  drained 
to  the  900-foot  level,  when  drifts  will  be 
extended  on  the  shoot. 

Nearly  all  the  men  at  the  C.  K.  &  N. 
group  at  Cripple  Creek  were  laid  off  tem- 
porarily last  week,  as  ore  blocked  the 
bins.  Besides  the  congested  condition  of 
bins,  water  is  proving  a  hindrance. 

The  month  of  June  showed  a  total  of 
650  feet  additional  driven  on  the  Cripple 
Creek  drainage  tunnel,  leaving  1035  feet 
to  complete  by  August  25,  the  time 
limit.  S.  S.  Bernard  of  the  El  Paso  M. 
Co.,  which  has  the  contract,  has  fifty-five 
men  at  work  on  the  drainage  tunnel  and 
180  men  in  the  El  Paso  mine  and  tunnel. 
The  entire  length  of  the  tunnel,  south  of 
the  El  Paso  mine,  Is  4063  feet.  They  are 
driving  all  the  headings  under  company 
contract,  two  sub  contracts  having  been 
canceled. 

Development  work  will  be  increased  on 
the  Sunshine  and  Sedan  mines,  on  Galena 
hill,  near  Cripple  Creek.  Shafts  are  being 
straightened  and  enlarged.  Ore  of  both 
mining  and  smelting  grade  is  obtained. 

IDAHO. 

BANNOCK  COUNTY. 

A  strike  of  copper  ore  is  reported  to 
have  been  made  In  the  Fort  Hall  group,  8 
miles  southeast  of  Pocatello.  The  strike 
was  made  in  a  tunnel  at  650  feet  and  at 
depth  of  250  feet  from  the  surface. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

A  Chilean  mill  has  been  set  up  at  the 
Engle  Co.  mines  near  Grimes  Pass,  near 
Idaho  City.  Its  capacity  Is  sixty  tons  per 
day. 

At  the  Twin  Sisters  mine  at  Centerville 
the  mill  has  been  shut  down  temporarily 
pending  changes  in  equipment. 

W.  Frame,  foreman  of  the  Golden 
Chariot  mine,  on  Rock  creek,  near  Idaho 
City,  says  the  shaft  1b  down  150  feet.  A 
crosBcut  will  be  run  to  the  ledge  from  the 
100-foot  level.  Ore  is  coming  from  one 
of  the  tunnels  on  the  Cleopatra  claim.  A 
raise  will  be  driven  100  feet  to  connect 
with  the  shaft. 

IDAHO  COUNTY. 

Manager  H.  D.  Rankin,  of  the  Rankin 
R.  Co.,  in  Rapid  River  district,  near  War- 
ren, says  they  expect  to  have  their  mill 
and  electrical  plant  in  operation  by  July 
15th.  All  their  buildings  will  be  lighted 
by  electricity.  He  proposes  also  to  intro- 
duce electric  amalgamation.  The  dynamos 
will  be  connected  with  the  amalgamating 
tubs.  An  8  H.  P.  ammonia  compressor 
will  also  be  added,  by  which  the  water 
which  cools  the  acids  used  in  the  process 
can  be  cooled  to  near  the  freezing  point. 

D.  McKenzie  reports  sylvanlte  found  in 
the  Independence  mine  on  Big  creek,  in 
Thunder  Mountain  district,  near  Roose- 
velt. 

KOOTENAI     COUNTY. 

A.  Klockmann,  managing  director  of 
the  Idaho-Continental  mines,  on  Mount 
Klockmann,  near  Port  Hill,  reports  the 
lower  drift  in  the  Blue  Joe  tunnel  in  600 


feet,  and  a  vertical  depth  of  400  feet  ob- 
tained. The  ledge  is  30  feet  wide,  and 
outside  of  a  streak  of  high-grade  galena  1 
foot  wide,  it  is  all  concentrating  ore.  The 
shoot  averages  $40  per  ton.  In  the  upper 
levels  at  top  of  hill  he  has  suspended  de- 
velopment, as  a  large  body  of  galena  has 
been  shown,  and  It  is  intended  to- open  the 
mine  at  depth.  It  is  proposed  to  build  a 
railway  from  Port  Hill  and  a  concentrator 
near  the  mine. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 

Further  equipment  is  being  put  in  by 
the  McKinnon  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Sliver  City. 
The  company's  group  Is  on  War  Eagle 
mountain.  A  tunnel  has  been  started  to 
tap  four  veins  of  ore. 

Work  is  under  way  on  the  Fourth  of 
July  group  of  claims  on  War  Eagle 
mountain,  near  Silver  City,  and  owned  by 
J.  C.  Connors,  E.  E.  Beebe,  J.  Hogan  and 
W.  D.  Evans.  They  report  having  a  6j- 
foot  vein  that  assays  $15  and  shows  free 
gold. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 

An  electric  transforming  station  will  be 
built  at  the  Hecla  mine  at  Gem,  says  Su- 
perintendent F.  Phair  of  Spokane,  Wash., 
and  power  will  be  obtained  from  the 
Washington  Water  Power  Co.  There 
are  130  men  and  teams  at  work  on  con- 
struction of  the  electric  line  between  Gem 
and  the  Spokane  power  station. 

The  vein  on  the  Alameda  mine  on  the 
east  fork  of  Nine  Mile,  6  miles  from  Wal- 
lace, was  struck  last  week  and  the  full 
face  of  the  tunnel  is  showing  galena.  The 
tunnel  is  in  480  feet  at  depth  of  300  feet. 
Development  work  has  also  been  carried 
on  in  the  upper  workings.  W.  Farmer  is 
principal  owner. 

KANSAS. 

MONTGOMERY  COUNTY. 

J.  M.  Parker  of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo., 
manager  of  the  Vulcan  Oil  &  Gas  Co.,  op- 
erating near  Independence,  says  they  have 
three  drilling  outfits  at  work.  They  have 
three  wells  down,  two  of  which  are  yield- 
ing a  Sow  of  1,500,000  cubic  feet  of  gas  a 
day  and  one  well  which  Is  pumping  ten 
barrels.  There  are  twenty-two  brick- 
yards alone  operating  in  the  gas  belt, 
every  one  using  gas  for  fuel.  The  Panther 
Place  well  Is  yielding  15,000,000  cubic  feet 
of  gas  a  day  with  a  natural  pressure  of  630 
pounds.  The  Independence  Oil  &  Gas  Co. 
has  six  wells  that  are  supplying  the  town 
of  Independence  with  fuel  and  light.  In 
addition,  around  Peru,  there  are  twenty- 
five  wells  that  have  been  pumping  five 
years  and  are  yielding  350  barrels  a  day. 
The  Standard  Oil  Co.  has  laid  a  125-mlle 
pipe  line  through  the  center  of  the  oil  and 
gas  belt  and  is  running  laterals  out  to  all 
the  adjacent  country  to  collect  the  oil  for 
the  5000-barrel-a-day  refinery. 

MICHIGAN. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  MlBkwablk  Dev.  Co.,  the  Federal 
Copper  Co.  and  the  Union  Land  &  C.  M. 
Co.  have  been  consolidated  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  as  the  Mlskwabik  M.  Co.,  with  H. 
F.  Fay,  president.  Work  has  begun  on 
the  mines  with  L.  L.  Hubbard  as  man- 
ager. 

missourl; 

JASPER    COUNTY. 

A  good  body  of  zinc  ore  is  being  opened 
up  at  depth  of  15  feet  on  the  Hannum  & 
Hay  worth  lease,  near  Alba,  12  miles  north- 
east of  Joplin. A  strike  1b  reported  on 

the  Pin-Mays  leaBe  near  the  South  Car- 
thage mines,  4  miles  southeast  of  Car- 
thage, where  an  ore  body  was  opened  at 
15  feet  and  extended  to  the  100-foot  level. 

The  Moss  Rose  mine,  owned  by  Joplin 
men,  with  W.  Armlngton  as  manager,  Is 
reported  making  $500  a  week  with  six 
hand  jigs.  The  Mobs  Rose  Is  on  the 
Granby  land,  near  Joplin,  and  has  four 
faces  of  lead  and  zinc  ore. 

New  zinc  mines  are  being  opened  up  in 
Grove  Creek  valley,  near  Joplin,  In  a  sec- 
tion noted  for  its  shallow  lead  diggings  in 
the  early  seventies,  says  the  St.  Louis 
Review. 

MONTANA. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

In  order  to  provide  additional  dumping 
ground  for  the  waste  from  the  mine,  the 
Rocky  Fork  Coal  Co.,  near  Red  Lodge, 
have  changed  the  channel  of  Rock  creek 
so  as  to  cause  the  waters  to  flow  300  feet 
farther  to  the  westward  of  their  former 
course,  leaving  the  old  channel  to  be 
utilized  by  the  company  In  Its  future  op- 
erations. Besides  furnishing  a  dumping 
ground  for  three  years  at  least,  It  does 
away  with  the  complaint  from  ranchers 
along  Rock  creek  of  Injury  caused  by  the 
dumping  of  coal  slack  Into  the  stream. 
CASCADE  COUNTY. 

J.  L.  Nelhart  of  Neihart  Is  making  ship- 
ments of  high-grade  silver-lead  ore  to  the 
smelter. 

The  Home  M.  Co.,  which  Is  to  develop 
claims  at  the  head  of  Pilgrim  creek,  has 


July  4,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


13 


been  Incorporated  at  Great  Falls.  The 
group  is  of  thirteen  claims  and  the  values 
are  In  gold  and  silver. 

DEERLODGE  CODNTY. 

The  Anaconda  C.  M.  Co.  at  Anaconda 
reports  the  chimney  which  will  carry  off 
all  the  smoke  and  gases  from  their  works 
completed.  The  stack  is  300  feet  high 
and  the  main  Hue  is  25  feet  high  and  40 
feet  wide.  The  Washoe  Bmelter  was 
closed  down  July  1st  in  order  to  make  the 
connections  between  the  smelter  and  the 
flue.  This  throws  1000  men  out  of  work 
at  Anaconda  and  2000  out  in  the  com 
pany's  mines  at  Butte.  They  will  resume 
September  1st. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 

F.  Wright  of  Lawlstown,  part  owner, 
has  men  at  work  on  the  Santiago  mine, 
near  Kendall.  B.  Losinger  of  Maiden  is 
superintendent 

The  Judith  M.  Co.  has  been  organized 
to  develop  mining  properties  in  Fergus 
county,  with  headquarters  at  Lewlstown. 
F.  E.  Smith,  W.  E.  Wilson,  A.  Hayden, 
A.  P.  Pendleton,  A.  W.  Bulkley,  R.  J. 
Walshe  and  J.  H.  Mauritius  are  directors. 
GRANITE  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  work  will  be  resumed  on 
the  copper  mines  on  Copper  creek,  at 
Royal,  near  Phillpsburg,  owned  by  the 
Lexington  Co.  of  Butte. 

JEFFERSON   COUNTY. 
The   Pltteburg-Montana   D.   Co.,   com- 
posed of   Eastern  men,  are   putting  up  a 
hoisting  plant  on  the  Evening  Star  mine 
In  Cataract  section,  near  Basin. 

The  Chicago  and  AltaExtenslon  M.Co. 
has  been  Incorporated  by  H.  H.  Ebert,  of 
Helena;  J.  W.  James  and  C.  B.  English, 
of  Anaconda;  J.  K.  Harris,  J.  Leavltt,  C. 
R.  Swartout,  D.  C.  Schnell,  C.  F.  Craver, 
Chicago,  111.,  to  develop  the  Alta-Exten- 
slon  in  Wicks  district.  The  Alta-Exten- 
sion  Is  1}  mile  west  of  Corbln. 

The  Colorado  M.  &  D.  Co  ,  which  owns 
the  Hidden  Treasure  and  Copper  King 
mines  near  Corbin,  has  arranged  to  put  In 
heavier  machinery  and  sink  200  feet  and 
crosscut  at  that  level.  The  company  Is 
composed  of  Butte  and  Chicago  men. 
LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 
The  Bismarck  group  of  claims,  17  miles 
east  of  Helena,  Is  being  developed  by  K. 
Reeves,  who  has  men  at  work  taking  out 
ore,  the  values  being  in  gold. 

MADISON  COUNTY. 
The  Verna  lode  on  Mineral  hill,  near 
Pony,  is  being  worked  by  J.  H.  Miles, 
C.  S.  Shoemaker  and  W.  Watt,  and  Is  de- 
veloped by  a  tunnel  and  shaft.  A  cross- 
cut 18  feet  long  has  been  driven  to  Bhow 
width  of  the  vein,  which  assays  $8  gold 
and  eleven  ounces  silver.  The  tunnel  will 
be  continued  150  feet  farther.  They  also 
own  an  adjoining  claim,  the  Jim,  on  the 
south. 

R.  R.  Smith  and  F.  B.  Feetham  of 
Grand  Forks,  North  Dakota,  have  bought 
a  controlling  interest  in  the  claims  of 
Siegfried,  Port  &  Derat,  near  Alder 
gulch.  They  intend  to  build  a  mill  should 
development  work  warrant.  All  of  the 
claims  are  gold  bearing. 

L.  D.  McCall  of  Chicago,  111.,  and  W.  M. 
Brown  of  Virginia  City,  Mont.,  owners, 
will  put  up  a  15-stamp  mill  to  treat  the  ore 
of  the  Gold  Coin,  U.  S.  Grant  and  Fair- 
weather  mines,  near  Pony. 

MISSOULA  COUNTY. 
The  Golden  Chance  M.  Co.  haB  been  in- 
corporated, with  headquarters  at  Wal- 
lace, Idaho.  J.  B.  Phinney,  T.  H. 
Thomas,  C.  A.  Stillinger,  N.  A.  Moderl 
and  W.  Beach  are  directors.  The  com- 
pany owns  a  group  of  claims  in  Missoula 
county. 

PARK  COUNTY. 
The  80-stamp  mill  and  cyanide  plant  of 
the  Kimberly-Montana  M.  Co.,  at  Jardine, 
is  in  operation  and  work  resumed  at  the 
mines.  The  Kimberly  -  Montana  Co.  is 
composed  of  Chicago  men  and  is  a  reor- 
ganization of  the  Bear  Gulch  Co. 

The  St.  Julian  G.  M.  Co.  will  build  a  10- 
Btamp  mill  on  their  group  at  Emigrant, 
near  Livingston,  this  summer.  They  ex- 
pect to  be  able  to  handle  100  tons  of  ore 
daily. 

NEVADA. 

LANDER  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Simpson  has  the  cyanide 
works  at  Pittsburg,  near  Battle  Moun- 
tain, treating  the  talliDgsof  the  Pittsburg 
Co.  mines. 

The  Marysville  mines,  owned  by  R. 
Klrman  and  C.  E.  Mack,  are  being 
worked  with  J.  A.  Logan  of  Carson  as 
superintendent. 

At  the  Dean  mine  (the  Morning  Star 
mine),  at  Battle  Mountain,  owned  by 
W.  E.  Dean  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  the 
10-stamp  mill  is  running  steadily,  crush- 
ing thirty-five  tons  a  day.  It  is  proposed 
to  increase  the  capacity,  says  Manager  D. 
J.  Bousfield. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

At  Pioche,  S.  Bamberger  of  Salt  Lake 


City,  Utah,  has  bought  a  one-half  interest 
In  W.  H.  Clark's  Great  Eastern  paint 
mine  and  all  of  the  Rlchman  mine 
(formerly  the  No  9)  Bamberger  also 
bought  the  Black  Prince  mine. 
NYE  COUNTY. 

G.  W.  Wood,  manager  of  the  Piute  M. 
Co.  of  Mammoth  district,  3}  miles  west  of 
Ellsworth,  says  the  company  has  men  on 
contract  In  crosscuttlng  and  doing  de- 
velopment work,  and  will  put  on  more 
men  this  month.  A  mill  will  be  erected 
at  the  mine  during  the  summer.  Wood 
and  water  are  plentiful  at  the  mine. 

The  Le  Beau  mine,  east  of  the  Piute, 
was  sold  last  week  to  C.  Peters  of  Tono- 
pah  for  $30,000.  The  ore  In  the  Le  Beau 
is  free  milling  and  averages  860  In  gold. 
The  development  work  consists  of  a  40- 
foot  shaft. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

J.  Mack  has  bought  a  half  Interest  In 
the  Lion  mine  east  of  Reno,  F.  Knoblock 
being  the  other  owner.  It  Is  a  copper 
mine  and  work  will  be  resumed  In  the  tun- 
nel next  week. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

Machinery  for  the  stamp  mill  for  the 
Wide  West  M.  Co.  Is  being  set  up  on  the 
millslte  at  the  mouth  of  Egan  canyon, 
near  Cherry  Creek,  says  Superintendent 
Leiehman. 

OREGON. 

BAKER   COUNTY. 

The  E.  &  E.  mine,  at  Bourne,  will  re- 
sume, says  Superintendent  J.  Thomas, 
after  being  Idle  four  years.  Repair  work 
Is  under  way  and  full  operations  will  begin 
by  Aug.  1. 

The  Gem  mine  and  mill,  near  Baker 
City,  has  been  bonded  to  H.  T.  Hendryx 
of  Sumpter  for  $90,000. 

Superintendent  H.  W.  Nelson  of  the 
Alpine  M.  Co.,  near  Sumpter,  reports 
preparations  being  made  to  put  in  addi- 
tional machinery. 

W.  C.  Bass,  superintendent  of  the  Max- 
well mine,  near  Sumpter,  says  operations 
have  resumed  at  the  10-stamp  mill. 

Superintendent  J.  J.  Hennessey  of  the 
Gold  Bug -Grizzly  mine,  near  Sumpter, 
finished  last  week  and  is  sinking  an  addi- 
tional 200  feet.  They  will  cut  out  stations 
on  the  200-foot  and  300-foot  levels.  No 
effort  will  be  made  to  crosscut  to  the  vein 
while  Binklng. 

ORANT  COUNTY. 

Two  tunnels  are  being  driven  on  the 
Big  Producer  group,  near  Alamo,  says 
Manager  W.  H.  Chambers.  The  crosscut 
on  the  Moulder  Boy  is  in  500  feet,  cutting 
three  veins  in  that  drive,  and  the  drift  on 
the  Boston  vein  is  300  feet  long. 

Near  Susanville,  the  Badger  Co.  will 
put  a  mill  on  the  Bull  of  the  Woods  mine, 
adjoining  the  Badger,  which  they  also 
own.  The  Badger  plant  Is  running  full 
capacity. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 
The  Alameda  M.  Co.   report  develop- 
ments  progressing  on  their  gold-copper 
mine,  near  Gallce. 

MALHEUR  COUNTY. 
At  the  Black   Eagle   mine,   near  Mal- 
heur,   Superintendent  J.  F.  Melkle  says 
the  20-stamp  mill  will  be  Increased  to  forty 
stamps. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

J.  C.  Woodward  has  sold  a  three-quar- 
ter interest  in  his  Casino  group  of  mines 
to  Los  Angeles  men  for  $110,000.  There 
are  fourteen  claims  and  a  millslte  in  Bald 
Mountain  mining  district,  9  miles  south- 
east of  Silver  City.  Further  develop- 
ment work  will  be  done,  with  Woodward 
in  charge,  and  they  will  build  a  mill. 

A.  R.  GibBOn  of  the  American  Con.  C. 
Co.,  operating  near  Lordsburg,  Bays  at 
the  Atwood  mine,  owned  by  the  company, 
machinery  has  been  put  In,  including 
pump,  boiler,  pipes  and  tanks.  Reduction 
works  are  proposed  to  be  built  in  the  fall. 
A  road  has  been  built,  shortening  the 
haul  between  the  mine  and  Lordsburg. 

SOCORRO   COUNTY. 
The  Cavern  G.  M.  Co.   has  been  incor- 
porated at  Albuquerque  by  G.  L.  and  H. 
O.   Brooks  of    Albuquerque    and    B.   A. 
Statz  of  Kelly,  to  operate  near  Kelly. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 
-C.  E.  Heizer,  of  the  Spearfish  G.  M.  & 
R.  Co.,  near  Spearfish,  says  they  are  suc- 
cessfully treating  the  low-grade  deposits 
of  ore  of  that  section.  The  company  pro- 
pose considerable  deep  development  and 
will  sink  several  shafts  to  depth  of  400 
feet  to  open  and  explore  the  limestone  ex- 
isting at  that  depth.  The  Portland  mine, 
adjoining  the  Spearfish,  has  cut  the  zone 
with  its  workings  and  opened  good  ore. 

The  Big  Four  M.  Co.,  operating  on 
Deadwood  gulch  in  the  phonolite  belt, 
near  Deadwood,  says  Manager  J.  P.  Beach, 
are  putting  in  a  steam   hoist,  boilers,  air 


compressor,  air  drills  and  an  electric  light- 
ing plant.  Sinking  will  be  resumed  in  the 
shaft,  which  was  put  down  with  a  whim. 
P.  T.  Bird  of  Deadwood  Is  superintendent. 
It  Is  Intended  to  go  down  600  feet  and  ex- 
plore the  phonolite  bodies  that  appear  at 
the  surface. 

PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 
The  Grizzly  Bear  mine,  near  Hill  City, 
has  been  cleared  of  debris  and  caved  earth 
by  the  Lakota  Co.  of  Peoria,  111.  The  10- 
Btamp  mill  has  been  torn  down  and  the 
company  Is  preparing  to  build  a  20-stamp 
mill  on  the  site,  to  be  connected  with  the 
mine  by  aerial  tramway.  The  mine  work- 
ings have  been  straightened  and  extended 
and  made  ready  for  permanent  work. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 

President  S.  Newhouse  says  excavation 
work  will  be  started  next  week  for  the 
1000-ton  concentrator  and  smelter  to  be 
built  to  treat  the  ores  of  the  Cactus  mine, 
near  Frisco.  They  will  also  lay  a  pipe 
line  to  convey  the  waters  of  Wah  Wah 
spring  across  the  desert  valley  below  to 
the  smelter  site. 

President  A.  B  Lewis,  of  the  Imperial 
M.  Co.,  operating  near  Frisco,  reports  an 
ore  strike  in  the  shaft  which  is  going 
down  at  the  mouth  of  the  Massachusetts 
tunnel  in  Lceber  gulch.  The  ore  body 
shows  assays  of  10%  copper,  with  20% 
lead,  18  ounceB  silver  and  $3  gold.  The 
Comet  shaft  has  been  unwatered,  and  at 
the  200  foot  level  crosscuttlng  to  the 
ledge  begun,  the  shaft  also  to  be  sunk. 

The  Royal  Co.  has  taken  an  option  on 

the  Lindsay  group  of  ten  copper  claims  In 

Rocky  district,  near  the  Old  Hickory  and 

Montreal  mines  near  Milford,  for  $10,000. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  Butler  -  Liberal  Con.  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  at  Salt  Lake  City,  be- 
ing a  consolidation  of  the  Ben  Butler  M. 
&  M.  Co.  and  the  Chicago  &  Bingham  M. 
Co.,  both  of  West  Mountain  mining  dis- 
trict, near  Bingham.  A.  L.  Jacobs,  C.  N. 
Strevell,  E.  D.  N.  Thompson  and  W.  S. 
McCornick  are  officers. 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

At  Park  City  work  is  under  way  on  the 
site  of  the  former  zinc  plant  for  the  erec- 
tion of  two  temporary  buildings  for  work- 
ing the  ores  that  were  in  the  building  at 
the  time  of  the  fire.  One  will  contain  the 
rock  breaker  and  other  machinery,  while 
the  second  building  will  contain  the  elec- 
trical apparatus  for  separating  the  met- 
als, etc.  This  plant,  says  the  Record, 
will  be  operated  until  the  contracts  with 
the  mining  companies  expire  (October 
15).  In  the  meantime  it  is  expected  that 
satisfactory  arrangements  will  be  reached 
by  the  Park  City  Metals  Co.  and  the  Park 
City  mine  owners,  who  will  furnish  the 
necessary  ores,  in  which  event  plans  will 
be  prepared  and  a  large  plant  built. 

The  remodeled  and  enlarged  mill  of  the 
Daly- Judge  M.  Co.  at  Park  City  was 
started  up  last  week  and  is  handling  300 
tons  a  day,  says  Mill  Superintendent 
Sherman.  Mine  Superintendent  Dunyon 
has  put  on  more  men  underground. 

A  two-years  lease  and  bond  for  $100,- 
000  has  been  given  on  the  Bonanza  Con. 
group  of  claims,  near  Park  City,  and  the 
Imperial  M.  Co.  incorporated  by  A.  B. 
Taylor  and  W.  D.  Sutton  to  work  the 
group. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY     COUNTY. 

E.  L.  Tate,  of  the  Quilp  M.  Co.,  at  Re- 
public, reports  shipments  being  made  at 
the  rate  of  100  tons  a  day,  and  there  are 
fifty- seven  cars  now  on  the  road  or  at  the 
smelter,  on  which  they  are  waiting  re- 
turns. Since  shipments  began  In  October, 
1902,  the  Quilp  has  produced  8000  tons, 
during  which  period  there  was  the  tieup 
on  account  of  coke  famines  at  the  smel- 
ters. The  ore  averages  $14  per  ton,  with 
one-third  of  the  values  In  silver.  At  the 
620-foot  level  the  mine  1b  showing  a  Btreak 
2 J  feet  wide,  of  ore  which  has  been  drifted 
on  90  feet,  and  a  winze  is  being  sunk  in  it. 
A  carload  shipment  from  it  assayed  $74. 
It  shows  native  silver. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  the  Palmer  Mountain  G. 
M.  &  T.  Co.,  on  Palmer  mountain,  near 
Loomis,  is  planning  to  put  in  a  stamp  and 
cyanide  plant  of  300  tons  daily  capacity, 
with  electrical  power.  The  tunnel  will  be 
driven  5000  feet  farther. 

Superintendent  J.  P.  Blaine  of  the  Opal 
M.  Co.,  near  Chesaw,  says  he  has  two 
shifts  at  work  in  the  lower  tunnel  at  the 
Opal  mine.  ThiB  tunnel  1b  in  175  feet  and 
is  being  driven  towards  a  point  in  the 
ledge  under  the  upper  tunnel.  The  upper 
tunnel  is  in  190  feet.  The  ore  Bhows 
values  in  gold,  silver  and  copper.  It  has 
been  decided  to  put  in  a  concentrating 
plant  in  connection  with  which  will  be  a 
cyanide  mill. 

The  shaft  being  sunk  to  the  100-foot 
level  in  the  Great  Western  mine,  near 
Nespelem,   Is  in  ore,  sayB  M.  L.  Pershall 


of  Spokane,  president.  The  lead  is  7  feet 
wide  and  assays  $35.  Shipments  will  be 
started  in  August.  Besides  this  high- 
grade  ore  the  company  has  a  body  of  $10 
ore  which  can  be  concentrated. 
STEVENS  COUNTY. 

Work  Is  under  way  on  the  Golden  Sun 
mine  on  Big  Sheep  creek  near  Northport, 
says  Superintendent  D.  Bennett,  who  Is 
driving  the  tunnel  100  feet  farther  Into 
the  mountain. 

At  Newport,  the  Bead  Lake  tunnel  is  In 
1400  feet,  and  work  is  progressing.  Some 
quartz  is  being  struck  and  it  is  expected 
the  main  vein  will  be  cut  by  August  1st. 
The  Conquest  mine  has  a  double-com- 
partment shaft  down  50  feet,  and  as  soon 
as  the  machinery  is  set   up  development 

work   will  be  increased. The  Ballerat 

tunnel  is  In  220  feet. 

R  W.  Hunner  of  Republic,  for  J.  J. 
Hill  of  the  Great  Northern  R  R  Co.,  has 
bonded  the  Combination  and  Golden  Zone 
Iron  claims,  in  Wolf's  camp,  on  the  Col- 
vllle  reservation,  and  1J  mile  from  Curlew 
lake.  The  deposit  of  iron,  where  thelime 
capping  has  been  crowded,  is  shown  in 
places  to  be  1200  feet  wide.  The  ore  Is 
hematite,  running  62%  iron. 

WYOMING. 

ALBANY  COUNTY. 
The  Acme  G.  &  C.  M.  &  M.  Co  ,  organ- 
ized to  take  over  the  interests  of  the  Wy- 
oming D.  &  T.  Co.,  which  operated  at 
Gold  Hill,  southwest  of  Laramie,  has  been 
incorporated.  The  Acme  Co.  owns  the 
Acme  and  other  mines  at  Gold  Hill.  The 
Laramie,  Hahn's  Peak  &  Pacific  railroad 
1b  being  built  southwest  of  Laramie,  and 
as  soon  as  the  line  is  completed  to  Gold 
Hill  work  will  be  resumed  in  the  mines 
there. 

CARBON   COUNTY. 

At  Grand  Encampment,  the  concen- 
trator of  the  North  American  C.  Co.  was 
started  up  last  week,  and  the  roaster, 
brlquetter  and  smelter  followed  later  on. 
The  tramway  is  bringing  the  ore  down 
from  the  Ferrls-Haggerty  mine  at  the 
rate  of  200  tons  per  eight  hours,  three 
shifts  of  men  being  at  work  at  the  mine 
and  at  the  terminal  at  Encampment.  An 
air  compressor  for  the  Ferris-Haggerty 
mine  is  being  Bet  up.  It  has  a  capacity  of 
2000  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute,  and  will 
operate  twenty-five  drills,  each  of  which 
Is  expected  to  break  twenty  tons  of  ore 
per  day.  There  are  three  levels  In  the 
Ferris-Haggerty  mine  where  the  drills 
will  be  used. 

An  explosion  of  fire  damp  in  mine  No.  1 
of  the  Union  Pacific  Coal  Co.  at  Hanna, 
June  30,  entombed  282  men.  Of  these 
forty-eight  were  rescued  alive.  Of  the  re- 
maining, 100  were  FinlanderB,  fifty  col- 
ored, and  the  balance  white  Americans. 
The  mine  was  not  fired,  but  tne  explosion 
shattered  the  timbers  of  the  main  shaft 
and  entrances,  and  filling  the  workings 
with  debris.  No.  1  mine  has  twenty-six 
entries,  16  miles  of  workings,  and  a  main 
incline  shaft  1J  mile  In  length.  E.  S. 
Brooks  is  superintendent. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

CAPE  COLONY. 

Copper  returns  for  May  show:  Ookiep 
mine,  1816  tons  of  16%  (270  tons  of  fine 
copper);  Nababeep  mine,  2684  tons  of  6% 
(144  tons  of  fine  copper. 

RHODESIA. 

Red  &  White  Rose  Gold  Co.  May  out- 
put ;  Mill  working  thirty  days  obtained 
1137  ounces  of  gold  from  3222  tons  of  ore 
crushed.  Recovered  by  cyanide  435  ounces 
from  2201  tons. 

Rezende  mine,  May  output:  Twenty 
stamps  running  twenty-nine  days  crushed 
3360  tons ;  recovered  from  mill  1102  ounces 
fine  gold  ;  recovered  from  tailings  by  cya- 
nide 107  ounces;  in  addition  10  ounces  of 
concentrates  were  produced  containing  46 
ounces  fine  gold. 

BonBOr  gold  mine  May  output  was: 
Fifty  stamps  ran  twenty-nine  days,  crush- 
ing 5010  tons,  gained  1091  ounceB;  treated 
by  cyanide  3190  tons  yielding  416  ounces. 
Globe  &  Phoenix  Gold  report  during 
month  of  May  mill  ran  28  6  days,  crush- 
ing 6698  tons  of  ore;  yield  3723  8  ounces 
bullion;  tailings,  average  assay  value  per 
ton  2  61  dwts.  fine  gold;  cyanide,  tons 
treated,  4600,  yield  447.3  ounces. 
SOUDAN. 

A  discovery  of  iron  ore  is  reported  in 
Bahr-el-Ghazal  Province.  The  analysis 
of  specimens  brought  to  the  office  of 
Count  Gleichen,  director-general  of  the 
Soudan  Government  Intelligence  office, 
gives  43.47%  of  iron.  U.  S.  Consul-Gen- 
eral G.  Long  at  Cairo,  reports  Iron  is 
found  in  the  Soudan,  in  Kordofan,  Bahr-el- 
Ghazal,  Darfur  Provinces,  and  on  the 
AbysBinian  border.  In  Kordofan  there 
are  two  ore  beds,  one  60  miles  northeast  of 
El  Obeid  and  the  other  60  miles  north- 
west.   The  ore  is  brown  hematite  (llmon- 


14 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4,  1903. 


ite)  and  is  found  in  small  fragments  at  a 
little  depth  in  the  sand.  There  is  no  fuel 
or  material  for  building  furnaces  at  hand, 
nor  could  it  be  shipped  with  profit  with- 
out a  railway.  It  is  not  worked  at  present 
except  in  small  quantities  by  the  natives. 

In  Bahr-el-Ghazel  the  Bongo  country 

lies  between  6°  and  8°  north  latitude  on 
the  southwestern  boundary  of  the  depres- 
sions of  the  Bahr-el-Ghazal  basin,  and  on 
the  lowest  terraces  of  ferruginous  crust 
bordering  on  alluvial  land.  Much  of  the 
time  of  the  natives  is  devoted  to  the  work- 
ing of  iron,  which  is  found  in  great  abun- 
dance in  Bongoland.  They  manufacture 
arms  and  too's  of  good  quality.  Their 
smelting  furnaces  are  made  of  clay,  and 
the  iron  is  afterwards  worked  on  anvils  of 
gneiss  or  granite  by  hammers  of  stone  or 
iron,  rude  bellows  being  used.  The  Jur 
country,  northeast  of  Bongoland,  now 
sparsely  inhabited,  is  the  lower  terrace_  of 
the  iron-bearing  formation,  from  which 
the  natives  extract  a  large  quantity  of 
iron.  They  produce  a  metal  of  good 
homogeneity  and  malleability.  Iron 
smelting  is  done  in  March,  just  be- 
fore the  sowing  season.  In  Darfur 
the  method  of  working  the  iron  ore 
is  identical  with  that  used  in  Kordo- 
fan, but  it  appears  to  beinferiorin  quality 
and  very  brittle.  On  the  Abyssinian  bor- 
der iron  ore  is  extracted  in  the  plains  sur- 
rounding Fadassi  (on  the  Abyssinian  side 
of  the  border,  south  of  Beni  Shandul)  at 
some  depth  from  the  surface.  The  occur- 
rence is  similar  to  the  bog-iron  ore  found 
in  Kordofan.  The  Gallas  work  this  ore 
into  iron,  as  in  Kordofan. 

TRANSVAAL. 

Angelo  Gold  Co.  M*y  report  show: 
Sixty  stamps  crushed  8178  tons;  recovered 
3011  ounces;  6963  tons  treated  by  cyanide 

for  2724  ounceB. Bonanza    mine  May 

results  were  8120  tons  crushed,  yielding 
4100  ounces;  from  cyanide  and  slimes 
works,  8120  tons  treated,  yielding  2565 
ounces. TbeCasselCoalCo.'s  May  out- 
put was  10,068  tons. The  Crown  Deep 

mine,  near  Johannesburg,  May  results 
give:  135  stamps  working  twenty-nine 
days  twenty-two  hours  crushed  21,238 
tone,  yield  4631  ounces;  14  840  tons  of 
sands  and  concentrates  treated  by  cyanide 
works  for  2968  ounces;  5323  tons  of  slimes 

treated,  yield  423  ounces. At  the  Drie- 

fontein  Con ,  during  May,  110  stamps 
crushed  13,662  tons  for  3870  ounces;  9268 
tons  treated  by  cyanide  for  3374  ounces. 
The  Perreira  Gold  Co.,  near  Johan- 
nesburg, report  for  May  eighty  stamps 
running  28  98  days  crushed  11,515  tons, 
yielding  4757  ounces  gold  and  210  tons 
concentrates,  yielding  691  ounces;  7560 
tons  sand  treated  for  1523  ounces;  also 

3387  tons  slime,   yielding  527  ounces. 

The  Langlaagte  Estate  &  Gold  Ltd.,  near 
Johannesburg,  report  for  May  150  stamps 
running  twenty-nine  days  crushed  21,784 
tons  for  5731  ounces  gold:  tailings 
oyanided,  14,850  tons  for  1616  ounces; 
concentrates  cyanided,   566  tons  for  1082 

ounces  —  total    gold    value,    £35,823. 

The  Robinson  Gold,  near  Johannes- 
burg, May  results  were:  135  stamps 
crushed  18,832  tons,  yield  8809  ounces; 
yield  from  tailings  by  cyanide,  3606 
ounces;  yield  from  concentrates  (by 
chlorination),  841  ounces;  yield  from  pur- 
chased concentrates,  869  ounces Jump- 
ers Deep,  Ltd.,  May  results  show:  Ninety- 
five  stamps  working  thirty  -  one  days 
crushed  15,633  tons;  yield,  2952  ounces; 
9950  tons  of  sands  and  concentrates 
treated  by  cyanide  for  1988  ounces;  5367 
tons  of  slimes  treated  for  376  ounces. 

At  the  Durban-Roodepoort  Gold,  near 
Johannesburg,  May  results  were:  Quartz 
milled,  8540  toDs,  seventy  stamps,  twenty- 
seven  days,  4298  ounces  gold  produced; 
tailings  treated,  5865  tons  for  965  ounces. 
——Transvaal  Coal  Trust  report  May  out- 
put at  26  900  tons. The  Van  Ryn  Gold 

Co.,  near  Johannesburg,  report  crushing 
begun  with  thirty  head  of  stamps  June  1. 

The  May  output  for  the  gold  mines 
amounted  to  234,125  ounces,  being  224,409 
ounces  from  the  Witwater=rand  and  9716 
ounces  from  outside  mines.  This  gives  a 
total  for  1903  to  June  1  of  1,075,253  ounces. 

WEST  AFRICA. 
Ashantl  Gold  Fields  Corporation,  Ash- 
anti,     report,     May    crushings:    Obuassl 
mine,  1540  tons  for  2310  ounces  gold.     De- 
velopment work,  1230  tons  crushed  for  530 

ounces -Ashanti   Sansu   crushings  for 

May,  1800  tons,  producing  1910  ounceB. 

AUSTRALIA. 

VICTORIA. 
The  gold  yield   of  Victoria  for  1903  to 
June  1  amounted  to  308,733  ounces— an  in- 
crease of  31,169  ounces  compared  with  the 
corresponding  period  of  1902. 

WEST  AUSTRALIA. 
The  Kalgurli  Gold  Co.  at  Kalgoorlie  re- 
port that  during  the  month  of  May  4050 
tons  were  treated  for  a  return  of  3878 
uncps  of  gold  of  standard  fineness 
;15,028);  expenditure  for  the  month  as 
Hows  :      Working  expenses  £5817   10s ; 


development  £545 :  capital  expenditure 
£490.  On  the  1000-foot  level  north  drive 
the  stope  in  the  back  of  the  level  is  pro- 
ducing ore  assaying  2  ounces  gold ;  850- 
foot  level  east  crosscut,  south  drive,  Is  In 
ore  of  17  dwts.  per  ton  ;  width  of  ore  Is  27 
feet ;  west  crosscut  Is  In  ore  of  19  dwts. 

At  the  Sons  of  Gwalia,  Ltd.,  mines  at 
Leonora  the  60-stamp  mill  crushed  during 
May  8018  tons  of  ore  for  4444  ounces  of 
gold,  value  £16,872;  tailngs  treated  by 
cyanide  4500  tons  for  1381  ounces  of  gold, 
value  £5227.  Working  expenses  for  May 
were  £8428  (21s.  per  ton),  divided  as  fol- 
lows: Mining  (Including  pumping)  lis. 
lOd.  ;  treatment  (including  milling,  cya- 
niding  and  corcentrating)  5s.  lOd. ;  gen- 
eral expenses,  3s.  4d. 

QUEENSLAND. 

The  Queensland  gold  returns  for  month 


of  May  show: 

Tons 
Mine.  Crushed. 

Charters  Towera 25,600 

Croydon 4  800 

Gympie 19,100 

Mount  Morgan 19,400 

Ravenswood 2,400 

Other  fields 4,000 

Alluvial 


Yield  in 

Ounces. 

40,200 

5,700 

20,100 

10  800 

4,600 

4,800 

900 


Total 75,300 


89,100 


BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

S.  H.  C.  Miner,  president  of  the  Granby 
Con.  Co.  of  Grand  Forks,  says  within 
twelve  months,  when  their  coke  ovens  in 
Alberta  are  in  operation,  they  will  be  able 
to  lay  down  copper  in  New  York  at  a  cost 
of  7  cents  a  pound. 

The  Rossland-Kootenay  Co.  has  men  at 
work  at  the  Great  Western  mine,  near 
Rossland,  which  has  been  idle  for  three 
years.  There  is  a  mile  of  underground 
workings  driven  and  low-grade  ore  bodies 
are  shown.  It  is  the  Rossland-Kootenay 's 
intention  to  unwater  the  mine  and  pros- 
pect the  ore  bodies  already  blocked  out. 

The  coke  shortage  at  the  smelters  han- 
dling ores  from  Rossland  camp  continues 
to  check  the  output,  as  well  as  develop- 
ment work.  The  Kootenay  mine,  which 
had  plans  prepared  for  building  a  $25,000 
tramway  from  the  mine  to  the  Canadian 
Pacific  railway,  has  postponed  action 
thereon,  as  the  smelter  is  unable  as  yet  to 
figure  on  a  steady  coke  supply. 

The  Perry  Greek  M.  Co.,  near  Fort 
Steele,  has  men  at  work  cutting  a  right 
of  way  for  a  3-mile  fiume,  for  which  their 
sawmill  is  cutting  lumber. 

Hydraulic  mining  on  Finley  creek,  near 
Fort  Steele,  is  being  carried  on  with  a 
canvaB  hoBe  and  wooden  nozzle  by  Super- 
intendent C.  Chapman. 

G.  B.  McAulay  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  and 
J.  Moran  of  Greenwood,  owners  of  the 
Copper  Mine  mineral  claim,  6  miles  west 
of  Greenwood,  in  Copper  Camp,  will  re- 
sume work  next  week.  It  is  also  reported 
D.  C.  Corbin  intends  reauming  on  the  King 
Solomon  claim,  adjoining  the  Copper 
Mine,  from  which  some  copper  ore  has 
been  shipped. 

Y.  Emery  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  ia  re- 
ported making  arrangements  to  open  up 
the  Newcastle  Island  quarries,  near  Na- 
naimo,  to  get  out  building  stone. 

The  Tyee  Bmelter  at  Ladyamith,  after  a 
successful  run  of  four  months,  has  closed 
down  temporarily,  to  clean  boilers,  water- 
jickets  and  overhaul  machinery,  and  al- 
low the  ore  on  the  roast  piles  to  accumu- 
late for  another  and  longer  run.  A  second 
cage  has  been  put  in  at  the  mine,  so  that 
ore  shipments  will  be  increased. 

W.  T.  Smith  has  men  at  work  on  the 
Bell  mineral  claim,  on  Wallace  mountain, 
near  Beaverdell,   on   West  Fork   of    the 

Kettle    river. Tuzzo    &    Currie    have 

opened  up  a  lead  across  their  Comstock 
group,  also  near  Beaverdell,  and  Palmer 
&  Rambo,  on  the  Ella  E.  claim  adjoining, 
report  work  progressing. 

The  work  of  unwatering  the  Athelstan 
mine,  In  Wellington  camp,  3  mileB  from 
Phoenix,  was  finished  last  week,  and  Fore- 
man Oxley  has  men  prospecting  the  sur- 
face where  it  is  proposed  to  open  glory 
holes  and  ship  ore,  says  the  Spokane  Re- 
view. The  Athelstan  is  owned  by  the 
Athelstan  G.  &C.  M  Co.,  Ltd.  The  de- 
velopment work  on  the  Athelstan  includes 
two  shafts,  60  and  70  feet  deep.  The  ore 
is  an  arsenical  Iron,  the  chief  value  being 
gold,  with  a  little  silver. 

At  the  Wilcox  mine  of  the  Broken  Hill 
M.  &  M.  Cor,  near  Ymir,  the  mill  is  crush- 
ing fourteen  tons  a  day  with  four  atampB 
and  is  making  one  ton  of  concentrates 
dally.  The  ore  is  averaging  $15  gold  and 
Eilver  a  ton  and  the  concentrates  assay  $45 
in  gold,  silver  and  lead  a  ton.  The  Ymir 
mine  is  dropping  seventy  stamps  and  sev- 
eral other  properties  In  the  camp  are  busy. 

The  provincial  mineralogist's  annual 
report  for  1902,  just  issued,  says  the  total 
output  shows  a  falling  off  In  value  of 
$2,500,000  as  compared  with  1901,  the  un- 
satisfactory state  of  the  metal  market  be- 
ing one  of  the  chief  causes.  Light  rain- 
fall and  consequent    shortage    of    water 


diminished  the  output  of  hydraulic  mines, 
but  In  spite  of  this  placer  mines  showed 
an  Increase  of  10J%.  Vancouver  Island 
coal  was  affected  in  California,  Its  princi- 
pal market,  by  the  competition  of  fuel  oil. 
Compared  with  1901  the  value  of  ore  out- 
put was  as  follows: 

1902.  1901. 

Gold,  placer $1,073,140         $    979,100 

Gold,  lode 4  888, 269  4, 348, 603 

Silver,  lode 1,941,328  2,884  745 

Copper 3,446.673  4,446,963 

Lead 824,832  2.002,733 

Coal 4,192,182  4,380,983 

Coke 640,075  635,405 

Other  materials.        480,051  417,283 


Totals $17,468,550        $20,086,780 

In  quantity,  copper  9howed  an  increase 
from  27,603,000  in  1901  to 29,036,000 pounds 
in  1902,  though  there  was  a  decrease  in 
value.  By  districts  there  was  a  falling  off 
in  value  with  the  exception  of  Cariboo  and 
Casslar,  both  of  which  are  placer  mining 
dietricta.  Taking  all  lode  mines  into  ac- 
ccount  the  tonnage  of  ore  mined  in  1902 
was  998  999,  compared  with  920,416  tons 
mined  in  1901.  This  increase  Is  due  to 
Rossland  and  Boundary.  The  output  of 
copper  by  districts  was:  Boundary,  14,- 
955,582  pounds;  RoBsland,  11  667,807; 
coast,  2,496  681;  NelBOn,  491,144;  other 
districts,  24,483  Iron  ore  has  been  mined 
on  the  coast  during  the  past  year,  but  the 
only  shipments  made  were  from  Texada 
Island,  from  which  6290  tons  of  magnetic 
iron  ore,  running  60%  iron,  were  sent  out. 
From  the  iron  mines  at  Cherry  creek, 
near  Kamloops,  3727  tons  of  magnetite 
were  shipped  to  Nelson,  for  use  in  the 
smelter  as  flux.  The  total  number  of  ac- 
cidents in  metalliferous  mines  during  the 
year  was  twelve.  In  the  collieries  the  fatal 
accidents  numbered  139;  of  these  125 
deaths  were  due  to  the  explosion  in  the 
Crow's  Nest  collieries  in  May,  1902.  In 
ten  years  321  miners  have  lost  their  lives 
in  British  Columbia  collieries. 

At  Fernie  the  Crow's  Nest  Pass  Coal 
Co.  is  operating  three  coal  mines  and  ex- 
pects to  open  three  more  next  month,  says 
the  Rossland  Miner.  The  production  of 
coal  is  1100  tons  daily.  "The  company  has 
424  coke  ovens,  of  which  144  are  not  now 
in  use.  The  wages  paid  are  75  cents  per 
oven  of  five  and  a  half  tons  charge  and  95 
cents  per  oven  of  seven  and  a  half  tons 
charge.  A  man  will  ordinarily  draw  three 
ovens  daily.  The  company  is  drawing 
sixty  ovens  daily,  so  that  its  output  of 
coke  is  250  tons.  A  charge  is  supposed  to 
remain  in  the  ovens  seventy-two  houra, 
but  under  existing  circumstances  the 
ovens  are  not  being  drawn  regularly, 
BometimeB  remaining  charged  four  or  five 
days.  Manager  Tonkin  states  he  is  run- 
ning  short    handed.' At   Michel    the 

company  has  212  ovens  in  continuous  op 
eratlon.  The  stone  bases  are  laid  for  250 
additional  ovens,  and  these  are  expected 
to  be  in  operation  by  September.  The 
company  has  700  men  at  work  at  Michel, 
of  whom  200  are  underground.  Coke  pull- 
era  receive  the  same  wages  as  at  Fernie. 
Three  coal  seams  and  two  prospects  are 
being  operated. 

HUNGARY. 

There  are  sixteen  copper  mining  con- 
cerns in  Hungary,  of  which  two  State  and 
three  private  undertakings  supply  the 
greater  part  of  the  metal.  Formerly  80% 
of  the  copper  was  mined  by  the  Govern- 
ment, but  in  the  past  year  only  50%  waa 
eo  mined. 

INDIA. 

The  Burma  Ruby  Co.  of  Burma  report 
their  May  production  at  94,000  loada 
washed,  yielding  rubiea  valued  at  $470,450, 
on  which  an  average  royalty  of  32%  was 
paid. 

MEXICO. 

CHIAPAS. 

At  Palenque  the  Palenque  G.  M.  Co., 
an  English  company,  have  development 
work  under  way. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

A.  H.  Kennedy  is  putting  up  the  electric 
power  plant  for  the  Terrenates  Con.  M. 
Co.  of  Parral.  General  Manager  Husted 
has  the  first  shipment  of  machinery  for 
the  plant  at  the  mine. 

A  lease  and  bond  on  the  Fourth  of  July 
mine  in  Parral  district  has  been  taken  by 
the  Saginaw  M.  &  M.  Co.,  who  contract 
to  sink  200  feet.  This  mine  adjoins  the 
Two  Republics. 

The  English  Co.  has  recently  taken 
over  the  San  Francisco  del  Oro  mine,  in 
El  Oro  section  of  Parral,  near  Santa  Bar- 
bara, the  principal  vein  of  which  is  the 
Santo  Tomas  y  Sanas,  a  producer.  An 
aerial  tramway  is  being  built  from  the 
mine  to  the  mill. 

The  new  mill  and  aerial  tramway  of  the 
Adele  mine  of  W.  Petit  are  in  operation. 
The  Cuadras  mine  of  the  Guggenheims  is 
the  extension  of  the  Santo  Tomas  y  Sanas 
vein.  Both  veins  carry  gold,  silver  and 
lead  valueB,  with  some  copper. 

J.  C.  Brooks  has  commenced  work   on 


the  San  Diego  mine,  near  the  town  of 
Santa  Barbara.  He  has  shipped  two  car- 
loads of  ore. 

DURANGO. 

The  power  plant  at  Maplml,  for  the 
Campania  Minera  de  Penoles,  is  finished 
and  will  furnish  power  for  the  Ojuila 
mine. 

GUERRERO. 

Manager  E.  D.  Elaon  of  the  Mitchell  M. 
Co.,  operating  a  copper  group  35  miles  in- 
land from  Acapulco,  says  tunnel  No.  2  is 
showing  black  sulphide  assaying  well  in 
copper.  Shaft  No.  2,  at  depth  of  310  feet, 
cut  black  sulphide  showing  12%,  and  tun- 
nel No.  8  also  has  similar  ore.  Shaft  No. 
7  has  red  oxide  of  copper,  giving  the  com- 
pany a  total  along  the  ore  body  of  3000 
feet,  from  tunnel  No.  2  to  tunnel  No.  8. 

It  is  reported  that  from  the  Inguaran 
mine  the  Rothschilds,  who  have  a  large 
body  of  2  5%  to  3%  copper  ore,  will  build 
a  road  to  the  coast  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Balsas  river,  where  they  will  build  a 
smelter. 

MORELOS. 

In  Aldame  district  the  Trinidad  M.  &  S. 
Co.  is  putting  in  a  cyanide  plant. 

SONORA. 

(Special  Correspondence). — It  is  stated 
that  mining  development  of  La  Cananea 
property  is  satisfactory,  so  much  so  that 
the  company  is  making  plans  for  dou- 
bling the  capacity  of  its  plant,  includ- 
ing the  building  of  a  large,  independent 
power  and  crushing  plant,  and  another 
concentrator  of  800  tons  daily  capacity, 
which,  when  completed,  will  give  the 
works  a  dally  capacity  of  1600  tons  of  con- 
centrating ore.  The  smelters  are  produc- 
ing eighty  to  eighty-five  tons  of  copper 
daily.  Dust  chambers  are  being  built  and 
a  large,  self-sustained  steel  stack  is  also 
going  up.  L.  D.  Rlcketts  is  consulting 
engineer  on  concentrating  and  ia  in  charge 
of  the  improvemenia  and  extenaions  now 
going  in. 

Cananea,  June  29. 

N.  S.  Finch,  agent,  has  bought  a  pros- 
pect called  Mulatos  in  the  municipality  of 
Baxlacora,  120  miles  south  of  international 
line,  on  the  Sonora  river. 

The  Greene  Con.  C.  Co.  at  Cananea  pro- 
pose to  build  a  brick  dust  chamber  500 
feet  square,  to  be  utilized  for  precipita- 
tion of  copper  particles  that  have  hereto- 
fore gone  up  with  the  smoke. 

It  Is  reported  that  the  customs  smelter 
at  San  Javier,  W.  Luebbert  superintend- 
ent, will  be  enlarged. 

At  La  Blanca,  near  Suaqul  Grande, 
F.  E.  Dickenson,  manager  for  La  Blanca 
M.  Co.,  says  work  in  both  the  mine  and 
on  the  reduction  plant  is  progressing. 
The  main  shaft  is  down  175  feet  and  there 
are  1300  feet  of  underground  development 
work  connected  therewith.  The  concen- 
trating and  smelting  plant,  with  a  daily 
capacity  of  forty  tons,  is  expected  to  start 
up  by  September  1st. 

R.  L.  Benton,  superintendent  of  the 
Lucky  Tiger-Combination  M.  Co.,  operat- 
ing near  Nogales,  Ariz,  says  they  are  run- 
ning a  tunnel  which  will  tap  the  main 
ledge  at  depth  of  300  feet.  It  is  in  120  feet, 
with  200  feet  yet  to  drive.  Some  free-gold 
ore  has  been  struck. 

ZACATECAS. 

At  the  hacienda  of  the  mines  bought  by 
the  Stillwell  M.  Co ,  at  Zacatecas,  they 
have  taken  from  a  fifth  of  the  space,  18x20 
feet,  formerly  occupied  by  some  tanks,  193 
flasks  of  quicksilver.  If  the  rest  of  the 
space  is  equally  valuable  it  is  expected 
$100,000  worth  of  that  metal  would  be  re- 
covered. This  does  not  Include  what  Is 
expected  from  the  old  patio,  300x400  feet, 
where  the  ores  of  the  district  had  been 
treated  for  nearly  a  hundred  years. 

NEW   ZEALAND. 

The  Talisman  Con.  M.,  Ltd.,  May  re- 
turns show  3300  tons  of  ore  crushed  for 
£6298  bullion.  Expenditures  for  the 
month  were:  Mining,  £1786;  milling, 
£1943 ;  construction,  including  cost  of 
alterations  to  cyanide  plant  and  additions 
to  concentrating  plant,  £  1609 ;  mine  devel- 
opment, £825.  The  mill  ran  for  twenty- 
six  days,  and  owing  to  alterations  to  the 
treatment  plant  but  thirty-eight  stamps 
were  dropped. 

RUSSIA. 

The  British  Vice  Consul  at  Poti  in  Mb 
report  for  1902,  states  the  stock  of  ore  on 
Jan.  1,  1903,  at  the  manganese  mines  at 
Tchiaturi  was  260,000  tons,  which  is  esti- 
mated to  cost  the  holders  7  copecks  per 
pood  n*2.25  per  ton.)  The  manganese 
ore  produced  during  the  year  having  been 
mined  with  greater  care  than  in  previous 
years,  the  average  quality  is  higher. 
There  has  been  no  serioua  attempt  made 
by  any  foreign  or  Rusalan  firms  to  secure 
manganlferous  land  in  large  enough  plots 
to  be  able  to  work  on  an  extensive  scale. 
The  exporters  are  numerous,  and  ore  ia 
aeoured  by  them  in  Tchiaturi  from  the 
small  dealers  and  land  owners.  Steamers 
at  Port!  are  almost  entirely  loaded  direct 
by  ore  wagons  from  Tchiaturi. 


July  4, 1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


15 


a  7-inch  centrifugal  pump  to  Guadalupe, 
Cal  ;  also  one  10-inch  compound  centrifu 
gal  pump  direct- connected  to  50  H.  P. 
water  wheel  to  Honolulu,  H.  I. 

The  Pacific  Gear  &  Tool  Co  of  San 
Francisco.  Cal.,  has  moved  Its  works  from 
523  to  529  Mission  street,  occupying  the 
first  floor  and  basement,  gaining  thereby 
greater  space  necessitated  by  the  growing 
business,  and  the  Installment  of  several 
new  and  up-to-date  machines  for  its  spe- 
cial line  of  work. 


x  *+*•*+***+***+****•***+***** 


I 


PERSONAL. 


41  £ 

H  T  Hendryx  of  Sumpter,  Or,  Is  In 
the  East  on  mining  business. 

J.  A.  Veatcb,  a  mining  man  of  Beau- 
mont, Tex  ,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  M.  Henton  of  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  is 
examining  mines  In  Durango,  Mexico. 

J.  Thomas  Is  superintendent  of  the  E 
&  E.  mine,  near  Bourne,  Baker  county, 
Or. 

W.  B.  Pittman  of  Tonopah,  Nev  ,  Is 
In  San  Francisco,  Cal  ,  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

M.  D.  Stackpole  of  the  Gold  &  Silver 
Extraction  Co.  Is  In  Montana  from  Den- 
ver, Colo. 

F.  F.  Archibald  of  London,  England, 
of  the  Tarsls  C.  Co.  of  Spain,  Is  at  Clif- 
ton, Ariz. 

A.  Fitzgerald  is  superintendent  of 
the  Kenton  mine  at  Alleghany,  Sierra 
county,  Cal. 

J.  L.  Bryson,  superintendent  of  the 
Mazeppa  mine,  near  Stent,  Cal.,  is  In  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

C.  C.  Shobert,  manager  of  the  Jualpa 
mines,  near  Juneau,  Alaska,  is  at  Juneau 
from  the  south. 

R.  D.  Yoakum  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  re- 
turned last  week  from  a  trip  through 
Sonora,  Mexico. 

W.  H.  Martin  has  resigned  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Sierra  Queen  mine,  near 
Nevada  City,  Cal. 

F.  M.  Stone,  manager  of  the  Alaska 
Treasurer  Co.,  is  at  their  mines  on  Doug- 
las Island,  Alaska. 

G.  W.  Smith  of  Florence,  Colo  ,  man- 
ager of  the  Ojo  Calientes  M.  Co.,  is  at 
their  mines  in  Mexico. 

W.  B.  DOUGALL,  JR  ,  of  the  Ima  M. 
Co.,  returned  last  week  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  from  New  York. 

W.  H.  Springer  of  Spokane,  Wash., 
has  returned  from  an  examination  of 
mines  at  Rossland,  B.  C. 

W.  McDermitt  returned  to  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah,  last  week  from  an  examina- 
tion of  mines  at  Pioche,  Nev. 

P.  L  Fearn  of  New  York  of  the  White 
Knob  C.  Co.  is  visiting  the  mines  and 
smelter  near  Mackay,  Idaho. 

G.  HURST  of  Redding,  Cal.,  is  superin- 
tendent of  the  Three  Peaks  M.  Co.  near 
Carrville,  Trinity  county,  Cal. 

W.  T.  Watts  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  examination  of  oil 
territory  in  Marin  county,  Cal. 

D.  D.  Miller  is  superintendent  of  the 
Sierra  Queen  mine,  near  Nevada  City, 
Cal.,  vice  W.  H.  Martin,  resigned. 

C.  C.  Derby,  mana  er  of  the  Mariposa 
Estate  Co  ,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from 
Mt.  Bullion,  Mariposa  county,  Cal. 

John  B.  Farrish,  E.  M ,  of  Denver. 
Colo.,  has  returned  from  Mexico  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  and  left  for  Denver. 

J.  W.  Teuscott  has  resigned  as  su- 
perintendent of  the  South  Eureka  mine 
at  Sutter  Creek,  Amador  county,  Cal. 

Waldemar  Lindgren,  of  the  United 
States  Geological  Survey,  is  at  Cripple 
Creek,  Colo.,  from  Washington,  D.  C. 

T.  L.  WlSWALL  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  in 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  in  the  Interest  of 
the  Green  Reduction  Co.  of  New  York. 

President  E.  M.  Holbrook  of  the 
Horseshoe  M.  Co.  returned  to  Deadwood, 
South  Dakota,  last  week  from  the  East. 

W.  M.  Lucas  of  St.  Louis,  Mo  ,  is  at 
Juneau,  Alaska,  superintending  the  erec- 
tion of  a  stamp  mill  on  the  Jennie  Reld 
mine. 

D.  McVichie,  manager  of  the  Bing- 
ham Con.  M.  &  S.  Co.,  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  from  an  Eastern  trip 
last  week. 

W.  B.  Mucklow  of  Hartford,  Conn., 
president  of  the  Majestic  C.  M.  &  S.  Co., 
is  at  their  mines  near  Miltord,  Beaver 
county,  Utah. 

W.  W.  Whiting,  Western  manager  of 
the  Diamond  Rubber  Co.  of  Akron,  Ohio, 
has  returned  to  Denver,  Colo.,  from  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

G.  B.  Crooks  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
representing  F.  W.  Braun  of  San  Fran- 
cisco and  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  in  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah. 

J.  M.  Parker  and  S.  R.  Bartlett 
of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.,  of  the  Vulcan 
Oil  &  Gas  Co.  are  visiting  the  oil  fields  at 
Independence,  Kan. 


H.  R.  Hawkins  of  St.  Louis,  Mo  ,  is  at 
San  Quentio,  Lower  California,  Mex., 
putting  In  a  hydraulic  plant  on  the  So- 
corro placer  claims. 

F.  L  Ransome,  of  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey,  is  In  Cripple  Creek, 
Colo  ,  assisting  Waldemar  Lindgren  in  a 
resurvey  of  the  district. 

W.  H  Brevoort  of  the  Siberian  M. 
Co.  has  gone  to  New  York  from  the 
Greenback  M.  Co  mines  at  Grant's  Pass, 
Or.,  on  his  way  to  Siberia. 

H.  Moore,  late  of  the  Mazappa  mine, 
near  Stent,  Tuolumne  county,  Cal.,  Is 
superintendent  of  the  South  Eureka  mine 
at  Sutter  Creek,  Amador  county,  Cal. 

J.  R.  Curley,  formerly  superintend" 
ent  of  the  Iron  Silver  Co.  and  the  Hough- 
ton Co.  mines,  is  manager  of  the  Lead- 
ville-Oro  M.  &  L.  Co.  at  Leadvllle,  Colo. 

C.  E.  Heizer,  assistant  treasurer  of  the 
Spearfish  G.  M.  &  R.  Co ,  returned  to 
Colorado  Springs,  Colo  ,  last  week  after  a 
year's  stay  at  the  mines  at  Spearfish, 
S.  D. 

Former  Superintendent  Thomas 
of  the  Highland  Boy  smelter  at  Bing- 
ham, Utah,  returned  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  from  a  trip  to  Idaho,  examining 
mines. 

Manager  G.  H.  Robinson  of  the 
Tintic  M.  &  D.  Co.  interests  at  Bingham 
and  Eureka,  Utah,  has  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  from  the  East,  via  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  and  Butte,  Mont. 

Robert  Frame,  formerly  superintend- 
ent of  the  Smuggler-Union  mill  at  Tellu- 
ride,  Colo.,  has  accepted  the  position  of 
foreman  of  mill  of  the  Socorro  G.  M.  Co. 
at  Magdalena,  New  Mexico. 

President  McNair  of  the  Michigan 
School  of  Mines  at  Houghton,  Mich.,  re- 
turned last  week  after  an  extended  trip 
through  the  copper  camps  of  Arizona, 
California,  Utah  and  Montana. 

G.  R.  Potter  of  Stevens'  Point,  Wis., 
interested  in  the  Storm  King  mine  and 
vice-president  of  the  Enterprise  M.  Co , 
operating  in  southern  Oregon,  is  at  the 
Storm  King  mine  near  Sumpter,  Or. 

D.  Cole  of  Aspen,  Colo.,  has  taken  the 
superintendency  of  the  concentrating 
plant  at  La  Cananea,  Sonora,  Mexico, 
assuming  his  duties  July  1.  He  was  for- 
merly with  the  Smuggler  M.  Co.  of  Aspen, 
Colo. 

O.  C.  ZlNNS,  formerly  chemist  and  as- 
sayer  with  the  Penn  M.  Co.  at  Campo 
Seco,  Calaveras  county,  Cal.,  has  been 
appointed  assistant  superintendent  of  La 
Zubiate  mines,  near  La  Colorada,  Sonora, 
Mexico,  and  leaveB  for  the  mines  on  the 
27th  inst. 

Herman  Keller,  of  the  Engineering 
Company  of  America,  New  York,  is  mak- 
ing an  examination  of  mining  properties 
and  smelters  in  Idaho,  and  J  H.  Pratt, 
Ph.  D.,  of  the  same  company,  has  left 
San  Francisco,  Cal ,  for  Arizona  via  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 


■s  * 

I  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

5fc  if,  tfttf,  if,  if,  if.  9  if,  if,  if,  cf,  if,  cf,  if,  if,  $  if,  if,  if,  if,  if,  .;.  <fr  4H-1  * 

The  Stirling  Boiler  Co.,  Edgir  Kid  well,' 
Pacific  coast  manager,  have  moved  their 
San  Francisco  office  from  330  Market 
street  to  32  Fii  st  street. 

Henshaw,  Bulkley  &  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal ,  report  preparing  a  Kin- 
kead  mill  for  shipment  to  the  North  btar 
mine  at  Grass  Valley,  Cal. 

The  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.,  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  through  their  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  branch,  report  selling  a  100-ton 
concentrating  mill  for  Park  City,  Utah. 

Chas.  C.  Moore  &  Co.,  engineers,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  are  in  their  new  offices  at 
No.  63  First  street.  They  are  contractors 
for  complete  power,  lighting,  heating, 
mining  and  pumping  plants. 

T.  R.  Goth  &  Co  ,  manufacturers  of 
centrifugal  pumps,  in  connection  with  the 
J.  C.  Howlett  Machine  Works,  will  occupy 
the  new  four  story  brick  building  at  Nos. 
256-260  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

The  Jeanesvllle  Iron  Works  Co.  of 
Jeanesville,  Pa.,  report  that  the  Copper 
Glance  M.  Co.  of  Blsbee,  Ariz  ,  is  putting 
in  a  Jeanesville  compound  condensing  sta- 
tion pump,  also  a  large  sinker  in  their 
mine. 

The  Redfield  Drill  Co,  1606  Blake 
street,  Denver,  Colo.,  report  receiving 
orders  for  one  of  their  drills  to  be  shipped 
to  E  P.  Baker,  Laramie,  Wyo ,  and  one 
to  W.  L.  Harraman,  Alma,  Colo.  This 
company  reports  an  increasing  trade  from 
all  over  the  country. 

THE  Byron  Jackson  Machine  Works  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  report  shipping  last 
week  a  35  H.  P.  Olds  crude  oil  engine  and 


Obituary. 


)f  *TT1lTll1IWTll9WTW1li'tlTW1'li'TTtl* 

*  «• 

* 
•»  «• 

T.  C.  McGovern,  a  pioneer  miner  on 
the  Comstock,  died  in  Reno,  Nev.,  June 
24th.  Deceased  was  a  native  of  Canada, 
aged  58  years.  He  leaves  a  wife  and  three 
children. 

X  4s  &  4>  *i>  4*  *  4*  4>  4>4>  ft  ft  ft  ftftft  ft  ft  ft  ft  ft  ft  ft  ft  ft  ¥ 

*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received.     | 

*  * 

%if,if,cf,if,tf*if,if,if,tfiif,if,if,if,if,if,if*<fiif.if,if,if,if,if,<fiif,4t 

"Power  Pumps"  is  the  title  of  Cata- 
logue No  52  of  the  Stilwell  -  Bterce  & 
Smith  -  Vaile  Co.  of  Dayton,  O.  In  it  are 
described  the  pumps  of  various  design 
manufactured  by  them.  These  pumps 
are  particularly  designed  for  heavy  ser- 
vice, large  capacity  nnd  high  head 
"How  We  Heat  and  Purify  Water  for 
Steam  Boilers"  Is  the  title  of  a  supple- 
mentary catalogue  issued  by  same  firm, 
and  treats  of  boiler  waters,  the  correction 
of  their  Impurities  and  heating  for  steam 
making. 

New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Paclflo  coast  inventors : 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  JUNE  23,  1903. 

731.P5I. — Bicycle  Rack— J.  J.  Allen,  Portland,  Or. 

731.742.— Well  Lining— J.  W.  Beaumont,  Los  An- 
geles. Cal. 

731  661.— Distributing  System— f.  c  Birch,  S.  F. 

731,859  — Tool— w.  R   Clark.  Tehachnpi,  Cal. 

731,875  —Steering  Device— Elder  &  Nauman,  Ox- 
nard,  Cal. 

731.^69— Drilling  Machine— J.  G.  Heimrlch,  Se- 
attle, Wash. 

731  570.— Nozzle— G.  J.  Henry,  Jr  ,  S.  F. 

731  571 Test.ng  Apparatus— G.  J.  Henry,  Jr., 

S.  F. 

731.681.— Candy  Pulling  Machine— W.  E.  Henry, 
S.  F. 

731,777— Mattress— J.  Hcey.  S.  F. 

731.465.— Harvester  —  F.  L.  Klncaid,  Stockton, 
Cal. 

731,918.— Cil  Tank— G.  B.  Landers,  Bakersfleld, 
Cal 

731.793— Jar  Closure  J.  A.  Landsherger,  Ala- 
meda, Cal. 

731,590  —Leaching  Ores— C.  W.  Merrill,  Alameda, 
Cal. 

731,610.— Fumigating  Tent— W.  H.  Payne,  Mon- 
rov'a.  Cal. 

732  628.— Composite  Bar— R.  H.  Raphael,  Los  An- 
geles. Cal. 

731,594— Trolley  Finder— G.  T.  Roberts,  San 

Diego,  Cal. 
731,628  —Brake— J  W.  Spencer,  Lagrande,  Or. 
731,631.— Extracting  Gold— J.  T.  Terry,  Jr.,  Al- 

lar  Mex  co 
731,976.— Dredger— Thunen  &  Cheshire,  Oroville, 

Cai. 
731,978— Journal  Bearing— J  Tobin,  S  F. 
731  634.— Ore  Mill— G.  R.  Tuttle,  Grass  Valley, 

Cal 
731.641— Baby  Jumper— G.W.  Wheeler,  Everett, 

Wash. 
731,727— Rock  Drills  — W.  W.  Word,  Soulsby- 

vllle,  Cal. 
731,728  —Rock  Drills  -W.  W.   Word,   Latrobe, 

Cal. 

Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention : 

Bed  or  Couch  Mattress.— No.  731,777.  June 
23,  1903.  John  Hoey,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This 
invention  is  designed  to  produce  a  mattress  of 
greater  softnes  -  and  durability  than  has  hitherto 
been  made,  by  preventing  the  slipping  and  mat- 
ting or  any  of  the  materials  of  which  the  mat- 
tress is  crmposed.  The  mattress  Is  formed  with 
a  centra]  body  of  lpmlnated  cotton  or  cotton  felt 
and  inclosing  layers  of  silk  floss  at  top  and  b  t- 
tom,  the  structure  being  afterwards  stitched  and 
tufted. 

Candy  Fulling  Machine.— No.  731,681.  June 
23.  1903.  Wm.  E.  Henry,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  i  he 
object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a  machine 
for  rapid'y  and  economically  pulling  canoy  so  as 
to  work  it  into  1be  proper  condition  duriog  Us 
manufacture.  It  consists  in  a  machine  having 
para  lei  shafts  with  intermephtog  gears,  crarks 
upon  the  outer  ends  of  the  shafis  and  outwardly 
extending  hooks  or  arms  thertoo,  fixed  supports 
or  hangers  exterior  to  said  hooks  with  pins  pro- 
jecting into  the  space  between  the  pair  of  re- 
volving cranks,  and  means  by  which  said  Inter- 
mediate pins  may  be  adjusted  up  or  down. 

Distributing  Systems  for  Liquids. —  No. 
731,661.  June  23,  1803.  F.  C.  Birch  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  One-half  assigned  to  A.  Lackman  of 
same  place.  This  inven  ion  relates  to  improve- 
ments In  means  for  distributing  llqulis  into 
tanks,  vats  and  the  like  and  to  prevent  loss  by 
leakage  or  overflow  by  reason  of  the  troughs  be- 
coming clogged.  The  tanks  or  reservoirs  are  ar- 
ranged radially  in  npsts,  and  the  liquid  pumted 
through  mains  and  delivered  bv  a  peculiar  valve 
mechanism  into  swlveled  latera1  discharge  pipes, 
whereby  each  tankln  a  nest  may  be  filled  suc- 
cessively and  whe'eby  tanks  In  succeeding  nests 
may  be  ch* rged  from  the  same  main  without  in- 
terrupting the  pumping  operations. 


Latest    riarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  July  3,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
24}d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  sliver.  52 8  a,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  62|c;  Mexican  dollars,  41c 
San  Francisco,  41  Jc  New  York. 

COPPER. —New  York:  Standard, 
$14.37*;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $14.37»@14  62}; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $I4.5U@14  75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $14.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $14  00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  lS@24c.  London:  £57  10s  spot  per 
ton. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4  12J;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $1.60,  carload  lots  ;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6j,  sheet  6,  bar  5Jc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  16s  3d  per  long  ton=2.75c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER.  —  New  York,  $6  25;  St. 
Louis,  $4.85 ;  London,  £20  5s  Od  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lotB,  6Jc:  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  'York,  Cookson's, 
9}c;  Hallett's,  8}c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
ib.  lots,  10c;  300  to  600  lbs.,  lie;  100-lb. 
lots.  13®15c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $28.I2J@28  27}; 
fan  Francisco,  ton  lots,  29}c;  50u  Us.,  30c; 
200  Bis.,  30Jc;  less.  31r;  bar  tin,  f,  lb,  32}c 
@35c.    London,  £127  5s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  $  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19  00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44  50® 
46.00;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $45.00  $  flask  of  76}  Bib.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.50. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
Mo.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
17jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  Ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots, 
19Jc;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-B>. 
lots,  16c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  60@60c  $  tt>.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $19  50 
@19  85;  gray  forge,  $18  60;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  "$>  fi>.,  3Jo  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL. — Bessemer  billets,    Pittsburg, 
»29  5C@30  50;  open  hearth  billets,  $31.50; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  fit. 
CHICAGO  CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $20  50@21.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 20  00@21 .  00 

Northern  2 19  50@20. 50 

Northern  3 19  00@20.00 

Southern  1 18  85® 

Southern  2 18  35® 

Southern  3 17  85® 

Forge 17  35® 

Charcoal 23  00@24  00 

Billets,  BeBsemer 31  50@32.00 

Bars,  iron 1.70® 

Bars,  steel 1  75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30  00 

Rails,  light 34  00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1  80 

Sheets,  26store 2  90®  3  00 

No.  27 3  00®  3.10 

No.  28 300®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 16.00@17.00 

Relaying  rails 30  00-31  00 

Dealers  forge 13  5C@14.00 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 16  00@17.00 

No.  least,  net  ton 14  50@15  00 

Iron  rails 22.00@23.00 

Car  wheels 20  00@21.00 

Cast  borings 5  50®  6  50 

Tut  ningB 12.00@13  00 

LUMBER.— (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
*izes,  $20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23  00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3  35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER. — F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No, 
1.  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  lb.,  in  carload 
lots,  16tc;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
*.5Jc.  No.  1**  60%,  carload  lots,  ll|c;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12o.  No.  2" 
35%,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.    Black  blasting  powder 


16 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  4,  1903. 


in  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
11.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  12  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  »8.50;  5x, 
18;  Lion,  19,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  13.80  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  13.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  12.10;  Cement  No.  2,  13.00;  Cement 
No.  1, 12.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s., 
lOJc  fSeet;  14  oz.,  40s.,  9Jc. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-89%,  jobbing,  24@25e  $  ft.;  carloads, 
23@24Jc;  In  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  82.00  %  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  2}@2Je  B 
ft. ;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3 Jc  $  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.50  $  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash.  ]0c  in 
40-fttin8;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c$  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2@ 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2@3c;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2Jc; 
sulphide  of  iron,  9c  $  ft. ;  copper  sulphate, 
5@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2.50@2  75; 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  21c 
»ft.;  nltilc  acid,  in  carboys,  8c  ffilb. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  In  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  600  fts.,  per  ft.,  65c;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

RED  LEAD. — 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  26-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft.  No.  1,  4@5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,   7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c:  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnltrate,  per  ft.,  $1.60. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  m  ft., 
75c.  

THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION 
having  received  application  to  mine  by  hydraulic 
process  from  W.  S  Kerr,  in  Old  Stiff  Gravel  Mine, 
near  Vallecita.  Calaveras  County,  Cal..  draining 
into  Wades  Gulch  Creek  which  reaches  Stanislaus 
River,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at 
Room  98  Flood  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  July 
20,  1903,  at  1 :30  P.  M. 


SILVER.— Chloride,  «  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  email  lots, 
37c  «  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $  ft.,  $3.50. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
50c  ;  dust,  1  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coob  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .50 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8;  Cumberland,  $12;  Cannel, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks ;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


r 


WANTED 


n 


WANTED— MILL    TAILINGS, 

Gold,  sliver  or  lead,  in  New  Mexico,  Arizona  or 
old  Mexico.  Will  buy  or  lease.  Give  location, 
quantity  and  value.  A.  E.  VAN  VELSAN,  Tellu- 
ride,  Colorado.    Box  181. 


GypsumWanted 

I  desire  to  learn  of  accessible  tracts  of  land  con- 
taining first-class  gypsum  deposits.  Those  near 
water  transportation  preferred. 

T.     B.     JOSEPH, 

405  Montgomery   St.,  Room  6,  San  Francisco. 


MINING  STOCKS  WANTED. 

It  you  are  a  stockholder  In  any  good  going  min- 
ing company  and  want  to  sell  your  shares 

\A/E  CAN  GET  "VOU  CASH. 

Send  for  our  price  list  of  500  stocks.    It  tells 
what  we  will  buy  and  what  we  will  sell. 

CftTLIH  &  POWELL,  M  9W4  3&£ 8T" 


Have  You  Decided  to  Adopt  That 
Treatment  for  Your  Ore? 

Are  j  ou  sure  it  will  suit?  Regrets  will  not  change  the  machinery  after 
the  thing  is  done.  Let  us  take  the  responsibility  and  select,  install  and  put 
plant  in  operation  under  guarantee.  Come  and  have  a  talk  with  us  about 
it  anyway — or  write  us.  If  your  present  plant  don't  do  the  work,  let  us 
prescribe  for  it. 

MINES  EQUIPMENT  COMPANY, 

CONTRACTING  AND  CONSULTING  ENGINEERS, 

306  FINE  STREET,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

[ELATERITE    IS    MINERAL    RUBBER.] 

YOU  MAY  INTEND  BUILDING. 

or  find  it  necessary  to  REPLACE  A  WORN-OUT  ROOF. 

ELATERITE   ROOFING 

Takes  the  place  of  shingles,  tin,  iron,  tar  and  gravel,  and  all  prepared  roof 
ings.  For  flat  and  steep  surfaces,  gutters,  valleys,  etc.  Easy  to  lay.  Tem- 
pered for  all  climates.  Reasonable  in  cost.  Sold  on  merit.  Guaranteed. 
It  will  pay  to  ask  for  prices  and  information. 

THE  ELATERITE  ROOFING  CO., 

713  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 

SPADONE'S    CONCENTRATOR    BELTS. 

PATENTED, 

This  illustration  shows  the  edge  flanging  out- 
wardly as  it  passes  over  the  pulley.  This  re- 
lieves the  strain  from  the  top  and  bottom  of  the 
edge  by  directing  the  strain  automatically  to 
the  inside  face  surface  of  the  edges.  Hereto- 
fore all  belts  have  been  so  constructed  that 
when  they  pass  over  the  pulleys  or  rolls,  a  dl- 
reot  strain  comes  upon  the  top  or  at  the  base  of 
of  the  edges,  causing  the  edges  to  break  away 
from  the  body  of  the  belts  in  a  very  short  time. 
We  avoid' this  Mechanical  Defect  by  our  Spadone 
Curved  Edge.  Belts  made  to  fit  any  machine— 
4, 5  and  6  feet  wide.  Prices  and  samples  on  ap- 
plication.  

AMALGAM  PLATE  CLEANERS. 

Our  Amalgam  Plate  Cleaners  are  made  of  Pure 
Rubber  in  moulds,  thus  insuring  a  plate  cleaner  which  will  not 
scratch  the  plates  and  a  perfect  edge  which  will  clean  the 
Amalgam  plates  evenly.  They  are  made  6  inches  long,  3  Inches  wide  and  H  inch  thick,  making  a 
convenient  size  to  handle.    Price  by  mall  to  any  address,  each  75  cents.    Correspondence  solicited. 

Send  ns  yonr  order  for  Water,  Air  Drill,  Steam,  Suction  and  Fire  HOSE,  RUBBEE 
BELTING,  RUBBER  PACKING  and  LEATHER  BELTING. 

THE  GUTTA  PERCHA  RUBBER  AND  MFG.  CO., 


A  YOUNG  MAN  WITH  12  YEARS'  PRACTICAL 
mining  experience  wants  position  where  the 
ability  to  do  things  and  doing  them  will  lead  to 
advancement.  Can  assay,  survey,  run  engine  or 
pumps,  sharpen  tools,  or  do  anything  about  a 
mine.  Have  some  mill  experience.  References 
given.    Address  R.  J.  S.,  care  of  this  office. 


ASSAYER    AND    CYANIDE    MILLMAN    DE- 
sires  position.     References.     Address  "As- 
sayer,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


CAPABLE  ENGINEER  OP  GOOD  STANDING 
and  experience  would  like  to  purchase  an  in- 
terest in  an  established  engineering  business — 
mining  or  civil.  Only  a  business  capable  of  ex- 
pansion and  doing  high  grade  work  is  desired. 
Address  "Experience,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 


EXPERIENCED  ANALYTICAL  CHEMIST.  AS- 
c  sayer  and  Millman  desires  position.  Address 
H.  T.  S.,  this  office. 


FIRST-CLASS    METALLURGICAL  CHEMIST 
and  Ass  ay  er  desires  position.  Can  furnish  best 
of  reference,  etc    Address  C.  W.  L.,  this  office. 


FIRST-CLASS    WINING    AND     LAND    SUR- 
veyor.  Draughtsman,   etc.,   desires   position. 
Address  H.  W  K.,  Box  74,  Long  Beach,  Wash. 

MECHANICAL  ENGINEER  —  HAVE  A  TJNI- 
versity  education  and  am  an  all  around  prac- 
tical mechanic.  Pour  years  experience  in  steam 
and  hydraulic  engineering;  have  designed  an  up- 
to-date  blast  furnace;  have  been  connected  with 
large  copper  mine  for  two  years:  good  references. 
Prefer  large  gold  or  copp°r  mine;  foreign  country 
preferred.  Address  A.  B.C.careMin.  &Sci.  Press. 

MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  wbo  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  office. 

MINTNG  MAN  OP  14  YEARS'  EXPERIENCE. 
Thoroughly  familiar  with  modern  mining 
methods.  Expert  mill,  cyanide  and  chlorination 
man.    References.    Address  B  ,  this  office. 

MINING  ENGINEER,  26,  GRADUATE  MINING 
Department  University  of  California ;  for  past 
thirteen  months  employed  by  odo  of  largest  mines 
in  Mexico  as  head  assayer  and  chemist,  also  mill 
assistant;  after  took  charge  of  60-stamp  mill  and 
hacienda.  Has  had  some  experience  in  mining, 
cyanidlng,  surveying,  drafting,  arjd  good  experi- 
ence in  pan  amalgamation.  Best  of  references 
from  both  general  manager  and  superintendent 
where  last  employed.  Address  1666  Page  St.,  San 
Francisco. 


HELP   WANTED 


3 


WANTED-An  Experienced  General  Superintendent 

and  Foreman  for  Large  Construction 

Contract  Near  City. 

Must  be  a  man  of  vast  experience  and  great 
ability,  and  one  thoroughly  able  to  handle  men  to 
the  best  advantage;  familiarity  wiih  timber  and 
concrete  work  necessary;  best  references  will  be 
required;  high  salary  to  the  right  man.  Box  39, 
this  office. 


ASSESSMENT   NOTICES, 


MARINA  MARSICANO  GOLD  MINING  COM- 
oany. — Location  of  principal  place  of  business, 
San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works,  Sunny 
Hill,  Shasta  County,  California. 

Notice  1b  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  4th  day  of  June, 
1903,  an  assessment  (No.  56)  of  ten  cents  per 
Bhare  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  In  United  States 
gold  coin  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, 415  Front  street.  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  1st  day  of  Aug-ust,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  Is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  MONDAY,  the  31st  day  of  August, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together 
with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHAS.  BOVONBJ,  Secretary. 

Office— 415  Front  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 


EUREKA  CONSOLIDATED  DRIFT  MINING 
Company.— Location  of  principal  place  of  buFlnesB, 
San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works,  Placer 
County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  15th  day  of  May, 
1903,  an  assessment  (No.  37)  of  one-half  (J^l  cent  per 
share  was  levied  upon  tHe  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin  to  the  Becreiary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
214  Pine  street.  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  Bhall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  20th  day  of  June.  1903,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unlesB  payment  1b  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  llth  day  of  July,  1903,  to 
pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
costB  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GTCO.  w.  DIXON    Secretary. 

Office— Room  31,  214  Pine  btreet,  San  Francisco. 
California. 

POSTPONEMENT. 

The  date  of  the  delinquency  of  the  foregoing  as- 
sessment (No.  37)  has  been  postponed  to  SATUR- 
DAY, the  llth  day  of  July,  1903,  and  the  day  of  sale 
from  the  llth  day  of  July.  1903.  to  TUESDAY,  the 
28th  day  of  July,  1903.  By  order  of  the  Board  of 
Directors. 


ESTABLISHED     jQgQ. 

Hand-Power  Mining  Pumps. 


Sold    in    14   Years. 


CAPACITY    S°-  in- ISS  gallons  per  hour. 

No.  10—6000  gallons  per  hour. 


U  5ET>     BY    Calumet  &  Hecla  Mining  Co. 
Boston  &  Montana  Mining  Co, 


Temple  Iron  Works. 

De  Beers  Mines,  South  Africa. 


Send  for  Guarantee  Trial  Offer  and  Special  Mining  Catalogue  C. 

EDSON   MANUFACTURING   COMPANY, 

255  &  357  ATXANTIO  AVENUE,  BOSTON,  MASS.,  U.  8.  A. 


THE  GIANT  POWDER  COMPANY,  CON. 


-MANUFACTURERS    OF- 


GELATINE,    GELATINE     DYNAHITE,    JUDSON 
IflPROVED,    CLIPPER    HILLS    BLACK    BLASTING. 


CAPS    AND    FUSE. 

^=^  HEAD    OFFICE:  = 


DEALERS     IN 

WORKS: 

cLIp;^aTcII^NoIrnIa.        202=204=206  Hayward  Building, 

VICTORIA,  BRITISH  COLUMBIA.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CALIFORNIA. 

R.  H.  RENNIE,  Resident  Agent,  201  Continental  Building,  Denver,  Colo. 
A.  A.  SPARES,  "  '*  88^  Government  St  ,  Victoria,  B.  C. 

CHAS.  H.  LANE,         "  "  19  West  Granite  St.,  Butte,  Montana. 

A*  NEWLANDS,  "  "  100  First  St.,  Portland,  Oregon, 

Correspondence    Solicited. 


OUR  LATEST  IMPROVED 

MINING  HOIST. 

SIMPLE    AND    EFFICIENT. 

Built  In  sizes  to  suit  the  wants  ol  the  trade. 

Can  be  operated  with  Gasoline,  Distillate  or 
Crude  Oil.  We  ouild  Gas  and  Oil  Engines  or  any 
size;  also  Pumping  and  Irrigating  Plants. 

Write  for  further  information. 


Corliss  Gas  Engine  Co.,  Inc. 


(Successors  to  ORIENTAL  GAS  ENGINE  CO.) 
223-225  FOLSOM  STREET.  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL 


26  FREMONT  STREET, 


Telephone  Main  1813. 


SAN    FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


Are  You  Confronted  With  a  Difficult 
Ore=Separating  Problem  ? 

THE  WETHERILL  MAGNETIC  SEPARATING  PROCESS 

may  prove  the  solution.        Apply  to  WetherUl  Separating  Company,  68  Broad  St.,  New  York. 


Whole  No.  2242.- 


VOLUME  LXXXV1I. 

Number   *■ 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY,  JULY  11,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 

Single  Copies,  Ten  Gents. 


Head  Frame  Construction. 


The  designing  and  construction  of  head  frames 
under  peculiar  and  unusual  conditions  is  of  frequent 
occurrence.  It  is  not  always  an  easy  or  inexpensive 
matter  to  build  a  head  franie  in  such  a  manner  as  to 
make  subsequent  operations  as  economical  as  possi- 
ble. Of  course,  this  is  usually  due  to  the  relative 
position  of  the  mine  shaft  and  the  mill.  Not  infre- 
quently a  head  frame  must  be  built  on  a  substructure 
of  piers  or  posts,  which  rest  on  walls  or  sills  of  wood 
in  order  to  secure  dumping  room.  This  occurs  when 
the  shaft  is  sunk  on  a  flat.     In  case  this  is  not  done, 


braced.  Above  this  is  the  head  frame  proper,  the 
main  members  of  which  are  of  12xl2inch  timbers. 
A  double  bin  with  swinging  apron,  situated  in  the 
frame,  receives  the  ore  from  self-dumping  skips  of 
peculiar  construction,  one  of  which  may  be  noticed 
on  the  incline.  The  ore  or  waste  is  drawn  from  its 
separate  compartment  in  the  bin  into  cars.  Waste 
is  trammed  about  100  feet  and  dumped;  the  ore  is 
trammed  over  the  storage  bin  and  any  waste  pres- 
ent sorted  out  on  the  floor  across  the  bin  caps. 
Local  conditions  prevent  the  use  of  chutes  direct 
from  the  skip.  The  ore  bin  holds  250  tons  and  deliv- 
ers 125  tons  at  a  trip  to  the  railroad  cars  for  trans- 


ment  accommodates  two  tons.  All  timbers  in  this 
frame  are  8x10  inches,  except  two  main  posts,  which 
are  10x10.  As  compared  with  the  usual  frame  of 
two  vertical  posts,  with  cap  and  braces,  a  head 
frame  of  the  above  type  of  construction  is  more 
economical,  in  timber  and  labor,  while  securing 
greater  rigidity,  and  requires  less  ground  space. 
An  apron  is  provided  at  the  back  of  the  shaft,  which 
when  desirable  may  be  lowered  and  the  rock  skip 
run  back  on  the  track  shown,  and  a  water  skip  sub- 
stituted for  it.  The  gates  of  the  ore  bins  are  pro- 
vided with  direct  acting  levers  in  place  of  the  rack 
and  pinion  so  commonly  seen.     A  careful  study  of  the 


Incline  and  Head  Frame  at  Shaft  No.  5,  Congress  Mine,  Congress,  Arizona. 


then  the  material  hoisted,  ore  or  waste,  must  be  ele- 
vated some  distance  above  the  collar  of  the  shaft  and 
trammed  on  an  elevated  trestle  to  the  dump.  In  other 
instances  the  location  of  the  shaft  in  the  bottom  of  a 
gulch  having  steep  slopes,  or  on  the  side  of  a  steep 
hill,  necessitates  the  exercise  of  no  little  ingenuity  in 
design  and  construction.  The  shaft  may  be  placed 
arbitrarily  with  reference  to  certain  underground 
development  previously  performed,  and  the  hoisting 
engine  must  be  located  in  such  a  manner  that  the  ex- 
pense of  hoisting  shall  be  as  low  as  possible.  In  all 
of  these  calculations  the  head  frame  is  an  important 
factor.  The  accompanying  engraving  illusirates  in 
a  striking  manner  the  above  statements.  It  is  a 
view  of  the  incline  and  trestle  at  shaft  No.  5  of  the 
Congress  mine  at  Congress,  Arizona.  The  sheave 
wheel  is  75  feet  above  the  ground.  The  posts  of  the 
substructure  are  10x10  inches,  carefully  framed  and 


portation  to  the  mill.  The  skip  holds  one  and  one- 
half  ton.  No.  5  shaft  is  down  1200  feet,  and  sinking 
is  still  in  progress.  The  head  frame  here  described 
and  illustrated  was  constructed  in  July,  1902.  It  is 
a  most  ingenious  construction,  and  has  overcome  the 
difficulties  which  the  topography  of  the  country 
placed  in  the  way  of  ordinary  building.  The  object 
in  building  the  frame  so  high  in  this  instance  was  to 
get  dumping  room  for  waste  and  at  the  same  time  to 
make  it  convenient  to  fill  the  railroad  bin  by  gravity. 
On  page  22  is  an  illustration  of  another  head  frame 
at  shaft  No.  4  of  the  Congress  mine.  This  frame  is 
somewhat  similar  to  that  at  shaft  No.  5,  but  is  much 
more  simple.  There  are  no  posts  in  a  vertical  plane 
except  the  bin  posts,  and  no  outside  braces  as  such. 
The  sheave  is  28  feet  above  the  sill.  The  bins  are  of 
the  same  height  as  those  in  No.  5  frame.  The  skip 
shown  holds  one  ton  of  ore,  but  the  dumping  compart- 


design  of  this  frame  will  repay  all  who  are  interested 
in  head  frame  construction,  as  it  embodies  engineer- 
ing features  not  commonly  observed  in  frames  of  the 
rectangular  type,  or  in  tapering  frames  with  four 
posts. 

There  is  a  tendency  on  the  part  of  those  designing 
head  frames,  who  are  not  technically  educated  me- 
chanical engineers,  to  put  much  more  timber  into  a 
head  frame  than  is  really  necessary.  Some  of  these 
frames  cost  100%  to  308%  more  than  is  actually  re- 
quired. Western  miners  generally  would  be  surprised 
to  see  some  of  the  frames  built  over  shafts  in  the  lead 
and  zinc  regions  of  Missouri.  Some  of  these  frames 
have  a  rectangular  or  square  base,  tapering  some- 
what toward  the  top  and  are  constructed  of  lumber 
—not  of  timbers  10x10  or  larger.  In  some  of  these 
frames  there  is  not  a  piece  of  lumber  larger  than  a 
2x8-inch  stick. 


18 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 


Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  GaL 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Meslco  and  Canada $3  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 5  00 

Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Fostoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Buanch  Offices: 
New  York  City,  720  Park  Row  Bldg.         Boston,  42  Worcester  Square. 
Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block.  Denver,  606  Mack  Block. 


J.  F.  HALLORAN Publisher 


San  Francisco,  July  If,  \ 903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:                                                                      Page. 
Incline  and  Head  Frame  at  Shaft  No.   5,  Congress  Mine,  Con- 
gress, Ariz 1? 

Dredging  and  "Valuing  Dredgicg  Ground  in  Oroville,  Cal 20 

Head  Frame  Shaft  No.  4,  Congress  Mine,  Congress  Ariz 21 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 22 

Power  House  and  Transmission  Line,  Cascade  Power  Co.,  Cas- 
cade, B.  C 23 

Sub-Station,  Line  of  Cascade  Power  Co  ,  Phoenix,  B.  C 23 

Filter-Press  Treatment  of  Gold  Ores  and  Slimes  by  Cyanide.24-25 

editorial: 

Head  Frame  Construction 17 

A  Duty  on  Nitro  Powder 18 

White  for  Black  Labor  on  the  Rand 18 

The  Copper  Outlook 18 

A  Uniform  Signal  Code  Needed 18 

Measurement  of  Undeveloped  Ore 18 

Steel  vs.  Timber  Head  Frames 18 

Kind  of  Rock  of  Small  Consequence 18 

mining  summary 27-28-29-30-31 

latest  market  reports 32 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 19 

Dredging  and  Valuing  Dredging  Ground  in  Oroville,  Cal 20 

Engines  for  Deep  Winding 21 

Co-operative  MiDing 21 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 22 

Cascade  Water,  Power  &  Light  Co.,  Cascade,  B.  C 23 

A  Proposed  Signal  Code 23 

Filter-Press  Treatment  of  Gold  Ores  and  Slimes  by  Cyanide ....  24 

Direct  Steam  Ore  Stamps 25 

Iron  Sands  on  Lake  Superior 26 

Mining  With  Macbine  Drills 26 

Obituary , 31 

Personal 31 

Books  Received 32 

Catalogues  Received 32 

Commercial  Paragraphs , 82 

New  Patents 82 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 32 


A  Duty  on  Nitro  Powder. 

The  recent  imposition  of  a  tax  on  nitro  powder  by 
the  Republic  of  Mexico  seems  to  have  been  antici- 
pated by  mine  managers  and  dealers  in  mining  sup- 
plies. The  law  became  operative  about  July  1,  but 
previous  to  that  date  a  very  large  amount  of  powder 
was  shipped  into  the  country,  enough  to  last  for 
many  months,  it  is  said,  in  view  of  the  tax,  which 
amounts  to  about  4.5  cents  per  pound,  a  duty  of 
nearly  45%  on  first  cost  of  consumer  by  the  carload 
in  the  United  States.  It  is  said  the  Mexican  Gov- 
ernment has  given  a  concession  to  certain  persons 
for  the  exclusive  privilege  to  manufacture  nitro 
powder  in  the  Republic.  What  the  outcome  will  be 
is  uncertain.  It  is  not  believed,  however,  that  the 
new  concern  can  operate  successfully  without  this  high 
protective  tariff.  A  large  increase  in  the  cost  of  an 
article  so  essential  to  economic  mining  as  nitro  pow- 
der has  become,  cannot  but  have  a  depressing  effect 
on  the  development  of  Mexico's  mineral  resources, 
particularly  in  that  of  low-grade  mines,  which  in 
Mexico,  as  elsewhere,  are  run  on  a  close  margin. 
The  manufacture  of  nitro  powder  is  a  business  requir- 
ing high  technical  skill,  years  of  experience  and  the 
most  careful  manipulation.  Where  all  of  these  pre- 
requisites are  not  obtainable,  and  sometimes  where 
they  are,  the  result  is  not  always  satisfactory,  and 
in  the  former  case  often  disastrous,  as  the  repeated 
destruction  of  powder  manufacturing  plants  in  the 
United  States  proves. 

FT  is  stated  that  if  eight  companies  operating  on 
■*■  the  Rand,  in  South  Africa,  were  to  substitute 
white  labor  for  black  on  the  basis  that  the  labor  of 
one  white  man  equals  that  of  two  blacks,  the  natives 
receiving  2  shillings  4.2  pence  per  day  and  the  whites 
12  shillings  per  day,  the  excess  in  cost  per  ton  would 
exceed  $2.50.  This  is  a  very  substantial  argument  in 
favor  of  native  labor.  The  problem  of  labor  on  the 
Rand  seems  to  be  likely  to  find  a  solution  in  the  fail- 
ure to  a  great  extent  of  the  native  meelie  crop  in 
Natal,  this  misfortune  having  the  effect  of  causing 
the  natives  to  seek  work  in  the  mines  of  the  Trans- 
vaal. 


The  Copper  Outlook. 

The  price  of  copper  is  slowly  going  down,  and 
those  interested  in  the  industry,  either  as  producers, 
consumers  or  dealers,  are  watching  the  market  with 
much  interest,  if  not  anxiety.  It  is  thought  by  some 
who  are  in  a  position  to  know  the  real  condition  of 
things,  and  who  are  as  thoroughly  informed  as  to 
supply  and  demand  as  modern  means  of  information 
will  admit,  that  the  present  lowering  price  is  only 
temporary.  Large  consumers  have  not  yet  made 
their  annual  contracts,  and  are  said  to  be  stock  tak- 
ing at  the  present  time.  This  done,  extensive  orders 
are  expected,  which  will  stimulate  the  price,  and  a 
recovery  to  15-cent  copper  is  anticipated  in  conse- 
quence. The  optimistic  ones  also  say  that  the 
shutting  off  of  production  of  about  20,000,000  pounds 
of  the  Anaconda,  Mont.,  output,  necessitated  by  the 
shut-down  of  those  works  for  several  months  during 
summer,  to  enable  them  to  make  improvements  in  the 
reduction  plant,  will  have  a  tendency  to  aid  the  mar- 
ket. It  is  contended  that  none  of  the  large  pro- 
ducers have  any  considerable  amount  of  metal  on 
hand.  The  export  trade,  however,  has  fallen  off 
considerably,  and  prices  in  Europe  are  relatively 
lower  than  in  New  York. 

Copper  has  had  a  very  favorable  year,  and  the 
high  market  price,  together  with  cheapening  of  cost 
of  production  in  many  districts,  has  had  the  effect  of 
stimulating  production  in  a  marked  degree.  The  de- 
mand for  copper  has  apparently  kept  pace  with  the 
production,  however,  and  there  is  no  immediate  indi- 
cation that  there  will  be  a  material  decrease  in  the 
requirement  of  copper.  Throughout  the  industrial 
world  there  is  a  demand  for  cheaper  power,  no  mat- 
ter what  the  price  may  have  previously  been.  In 
many  instances  this  demand  is  met  by  electric  instal- 
lation which  calls  for  large  amounts  of  copper. 

A  great  deal  has  been  published  of  late  concerning 
the  copper  resources  in  the  Katanga  district,  in  the 
southeast  end  of  the  Congo  State,  Central  Africa. 
The  property  is  known  as  the  Tanganiyka  conces- 
sions. The  statement  that  there  are  already  in  sight 
in  one  of  the  company's  claims  10,000,000  tons  of  cop- 
per ore  should  be  taken  with  some  allowance,  though 
doubtless  the  mines  look  promising.  Every  explorer 
who  has  penetrated  into  the  heart  of  Africa  reports 
copper  on  the  upper  Congo  and  its  southern  affluents. 
The  Tanganiyka  concessions  are  in  this  district,  lying 
north  of  Rhodesia  and  west  of  Lake  Tanganiyka,  one 
of  the  sources  of  the  Congo  river.  For  many  gener- 
ations the  natives  have  worked  the  iron  and  copper 
deposits  in  that  region,  and  it  is  stated  that  the  large 
deposit  above  referred  to  is  already  honeycombed 
with  the  workings  made  by  the  natives.  In  addition 
to  this,  it  is  said  that  there  are  numerous  other  cop- 
per-bearing deposits  in  that  region.  Whatever  may 
be  the  future  of  the  Tanganiyka  concessions,  it  is  un- 
likely that  they  will  become  an  important  factor  in 
the  copper  world  within  three  years,  and  it  may  be 
still  longer,  for  railroads  must  be  built,  power  con- 
trolled, reduction  works  constructed  and  many  other 
things  accomplished,  all  of  which  take  time  in  any 
country,  and  it  is  not  to  be  expected  that  this  large 
amount  of  preliminary  work  can  or  will  be  more 
quickly  accomplished  in  Equatorial  Africa  than  else- 
where. 

A  railroad  is  projected  into  the  Katanga  region 
from  the  west,  which  will  be  not  less  than  900  miles 
in  length.  The  Congo  as  a  waterway  would  be  the 
natural  outlet,  but  the  streams  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
mines  are  for  the  most  part  unnavigable.  On  the 
main  Congo  the  Stanley  Falls  form  another  obstruc- 
tion, extending  for  miles  in  a  series  of  great  falls  and 
cataracts. 


A  Uniform  Signal  Code  Needed. 

A  uniform  code  of  mine-bell  signals  is  much  to  be 
desired,  for  the  reason  that  miners  are,  as  a  class, 
migratory,  seldom  remaining  in  one  locality  for  any 
considerable  length  of  time.  After  having  worked  in 
a  district  for  some  months  he  becomes  thoroughly 
familiar  with  the  code  in  use  there,  but  upon  remov- 
ing to  another  State  or  district  he  must,  in  many 
cases,  learn  anew  the  code  of  that  State  or  locality, 
and  although  this  may  be  mastered  readily  enough, 
such  a  man  is  at  any  time  liable  to  meet  accident  or 
cause  injury  to  others  by  inadvertently  ringing  a 
signal  previously  familiar   to  him,   but  which  may 


mean  something  entirely  different  in  the  new  locality 
in  which  he  is  working.  Fortunately  steps  are  being 
taken  to  harmonize  the  conflicting  codes  of  the  sev- 
eral States  and  localities.  This  matter  should  be 
taken  up  by  the  American  Institute  of  Mining 
Engineers  and  other  mining  societies  and  conven- 
tions, when  a  suitable  code  would  probably  result, 
which  would  be  found  applicable  to  mines  of  every 
class,  and  in  every  State  or  district. 


Measurement  of  Undeveloped  Ore. 

An  ore  body  not  blocked  out  by  actual  shafts, 
drifts,  crosscuts,  winzes  and  raises  is  a  most  un- 
certain quantity.  The  trend  of  the  walls  forms  no 
index  of  the  quantity  of  ore  not  actually  measurable. 
An  ore  body  is  seldom  symmetrical  in  form,  and  the 
shape  or  dimensions  of  any  one  portion  of  it  cannot 
be  depended  upon  to  give  even  an  approximate  idea 
of  the  extent  or  value  of  unseen  portions  of  the  same 
ore  body.  Good  bodies  of  ore  disappear  or  come  to 
an  end  in  the  most  unaccountable  manner.  Cross- 
heads  or  faults  cut  off  veins  regular  and  apparently 
continuous.  Mineralization  sometimes  stops  at  a 
jointing  plane,  and  values  become  impoverished  or 
nil.  In  other  instances  the  mineralization  continues, 
but  values  cease  to  accompany  the  ores  or  drop  to  a 
point  where  profit  is  no  longer  possible.  The  en- 
gineer who  not  long  since  said  "  the  average  mining 
report  is  only  a  nice  fairy  tale  "  was  not  far  from 
the  truth,  for  there  are  those  making  reports  on 
mines  in  these  days  of  prosperity  whose  entire  min- 
ing knowledge  and  experience  has  been  gained  within 
a  year.  The  man  who  wrote  in  a  prospectus  that 
the  ore  shoot  had  been  developed  300  feet  in  length 
and  the  shape  of  the  hill  indicated  that  it  would  be  at 
least  300  feet  longer  was  certainly  favored  with  a 
"  gift"  not  possessed  by  most  people — that  of  seeing 
several  hundred  feet  into  the  undeveloped  portion  of 
a  mining  claim.  He  was  frank  enough,  however,  not 
to  include  this  extension  of  the  vein  in  his  estimate 
of  "ore  in  sight."  A  prospect  may  be  poor  indeed, 
but  any  prospect  deserves  a  trial;  and  if  an  im- 
provement can  be  noticed,  it  is  safe  to  follow  it  as 
long  as  it  improves,  for  before  long  it  will  have  de- 
veloped a  paying  mine.  But  this  simple  fact  does 
not  justify  misstatements  as  to  ore  in  sight,  nor  does 
any  number  of  years  of  experience  make  a  man  com- 
petent to  estimate  ore  in  sight  in  undeveloped  mine 
workings. 

Steel  vs.  Timber  Head  Frames. 


On  the  Rand,  South  Africa,  steel  head  frames  are 
displacing  the  old  timber  frames,  and  new  mines  are 
being  equipped  with  steel  frames  as  soon  as  the  per- 
manent plant  for  deep  working  is  established.  In 
the  United  States  and  Mexico  a  somewhat  similar 
condition  is  noticeable,  particularly  in  those  districts 
where  suitable  timber  is  scarce  and  expensive.  The 
weight  of  a  steel  frame  varies  greatly  according  to 
design  and  size,  but  usually  runs  from  25  to 
over  100  tons.  A  large  and  elaborate  frame  will 
weigh  more  than  100  tons.  Timber  frames  are  sub- 
ject to  decay,  and  deterioration  otherwise  in  the 
course  of  a  few  years,  and  are  always  menaced  by 
fire,  though  care  is  used  to  prevent  such  a  catas- 
trophe. On  the  whole,  a  steel  frame  is  superior  in 
many  respects,  and  it  will  probably  be  but  a  few 
years  when  steel  frames  will  be  almost  as  common  as 
timber  frames  are  now.  They  can  be  taken  down 
and  removed  to  a  new  site  without  damage  or  loss  if 
properly  designed  and  constructed.  Steel  frames 
are  in  use  at  some  of  the  deepest  shafts  in  the  world. 
Timber  frames  are  also  in  use  at  shafts  of  great 
depth— 2000  to  3000  feet  and  over— so  from  that 
standpoint  it  may  be  said  there  is  no  particular  ad- 
vantage to  either  over  the  other,  but  the  reasons 
already  given  will  eventually  make  the  steel  head 
frame  preferred  to  timber  frames. 


MANY  prospectors  lay  great  stress  upon  the 
character  of  the  country  rock  through  which 
their  veins  run.  As  a  matter  of  fact  the  kind  of  rock 
is  of  small  consequence.  If  the  ore  in  the  vein  has 
little  or  no  value,  the  "kind  of  rock  "  through  which 
the  vein  runs  will  make  no  material  difference  to  him. 
The  "character  "  of  the  rock  rather  than  the  "  kind  " 
sometimes  affords  an  indication  of  the  proximity  or 
absence  of  ore  bodies,  but  not  of  the  value  of  the  ore. 


July  11,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


19 


p q 

CONCENTRATES. 

b d 


IN  some  classes  of  work  spring  steel,  tempered  in  oil' 
it  has  been  found,  will  draw  Its  own  temper  by  removing 
the  steel  from  the  oil,  while  still  retaining  heat. 

* 
Sylvite  contains  no  stiver.  It  Is  a  combination  of 
chlorine,  47  6,  and  potassium,  52  4,  forming  potassium 
chloride ;  sometimes  contains  sodium  chloride.  Syl- 
vanlte  Is  a  tellurlde  of  gold  and  silver  and  contains  24.5% 
gold  and  13  4%  sliver. 

* 
Diamond  drills  are  made  to  be  operated  by  hand 
power,  claimed  to  have  a  capacity  of  300  feet,  boring  in 
any  direction.  It  Is  probable  that  a  drill  operated  by 
power  would  prove  more  satisfactory  in  the  end,  though 
the  Srst  cost  would  be  more. 

* 
Stadia  measurements  may  be  carried  on  with  a 
good  transit  with  sufficient  accuracy  up  to  600  feet,  and 
with  very  high  powers  somewhat  further,  but  when  ex- 
ceeding 1000  feet  the  results  are  sometimes  unreliable, 
excepting  possibly  under  very  favorable  conditions. 

* 
Amethyst  Is  a  purple-colored  quartz  crystal,  In 
which  the  color  Is  supposed  to  be  due  to  manganese. 
Oriental  amethyst  is  a  purple  variety  of  sapphire.  It  ts 
a  peculiar  variety  of  that  gem,  having  a  stellate  opales- 
cence when  viewed  In  the  direction  of  its  vertical  axis. 

+ 
The  (act  that  a  man  Is  an  excellent  and  experienced 
blacksmith,  and  Is  able  to  fashion  and  temper  drill  bits 
to  a  nicety,  does  not  necessarily  imply  that  he  is  a  ma- 
chinist, competent  to  care  for  a  machine  drill.  Many 
drills  are  ruined  through  the  Incompetency  of  the 
"  machinist." 

Steel  is  largely  employed  in  construction  of  mill, 
smelter  and  other  reduction  plants.  It  Is  customary  to 
carefully  paint  all  structural  steel,  and  a  suitable  paint 
renders  the  steel  Impervious  to  acid  fumes  and  gases,  as 
well  as  to  dampness  due  to  steam  or  natural  humidity  of 
the  atmosphere. 

* 

The  aggregate  power  of  a  fall  of  water  is  the  product 
of  the  weight  of  water  discharged  in  a  unit  of  time  into 
the  total  head.  The  term  "head,"  used  in  connection 
with  water  power,  means  the  difference  in  height  from 
the  surface  o(  the  water  in  the  wheel  pit  to  the  surface 
of  the  water  in  the  penstock  when  the  wheel  is  running. 

* 
A  machine  drill  too  much  worn  to  be  economically 
valuable  in  a  mine  may  be  fixed  up  and  mounted  on  tim- 
bers on  the  surface  to  be  employed  as  an  engine  for  pul- 
verizing samples  of  rock.  One  accustomed  to  its  use  can 
pulverize  fifty  to  sixty  two-pound  samples  daily  to  a 
condition  requiring  little  grinding  on  the  bucking  board. 

* 
A  milling  practice  which  does  not  make  a  satisfac- 
tory saving  of  valueB  should  be  abandoned,  even  if  it  has 
been  in  use  for  over  thirty  years.  It  is  possible  the  ore 
may  have  changed  In  character  with  increasing  depth  of 
the  mine.  This  Is  usually  the  case,  and  when  this  occurs 
the  milling  practice  must  necessarily  undergo  more  or 
less  change. 

* 

Sulphur  occurs  in  iron  ores  as  sulphides,  Buch  as 
pyrite,  and  In  sphalerite  (zinc  blende),  also  as  sulphate  in 
gypsum,  barlte  and  celestite.  In  iron  and  steel  it  occurs 
as  sulphide  only.  In  the  gravimetric  methods  for  deter- 
mination of  sulphur  it  is  first  converted  into  a  soluble 
sulphate  and  the  sulphuric  acid  precipitated  by  barium 
chloride  and  weighed  as  barium  sulphate. 
* 

The  "angle  of  convenience"  is  the  slope  angle  as- 
sumed by  loose  rock,  as  that  collected  at  the  foot  of  a 
precipice  or  the  front  of  a  mine  dump.  This  angle 
varies  slightly  with  different  materials,  but  is  about  35°. 
Pew  hills  are  steeper  than  35°,  though  often  appearing 
to  be  steeper.  The  character  and  dip  of  the  rocks  often 
have  important  bearing  on  the  Blope  angle  of  a  hill. 
* 

"  Blowing  in  "  In  blast-furnace  parlance  means  the 
beginning  of  Bmelting  operations  in  a  new  furnace,  or  in 
an  old  one  after  a  period  of  idleness.  It  consists  of  three 
operations:  Warming  the  crucible,  filling  the  furnace 
and  beginning  the  smelting.  The  process  is  one  requir- 
ing good  judgment  and  experience.  It  should  never  be 
hastily  undertaken,  as  by  raising  the  heat  too  rapidly 
damage  may  result  to  the  furnace. 
* 

Iron  pseudomorph  after  garnet  may  occur,  but  It  Is 
more  probable  that  the  crystals  of  iron  ore,  said  to  be 
pseudomorph  after  garnet,  are  only  natural  forms  of 
pyrite,  or  of  limonite  after  pyrite.  Garnet  and  pyrite 
each  crystallize  in  the  same  system — the  isometric,  and 
some  of  the  forms  bear  a  great  similarity  to  each  other, 
and  one  might  easily  be  mistaken  for  the  other  by  those 
not  thoroughly  familiar  with  crystallography. 
* 

In  cyaniding,  the  once  dreaded  slimes  are  in  some 
localities  now  created  intentionally,  for  the  reason  that 
it  has  been  found  that  much  higher  extraction  can  be 
generally  obtained  than  when  the  ore  under  treatment 
is  not  in  a  fine  state  of  division.  In  treatment  of  slimes 
the  filter  press  is  an  Important  factor,   though  large 


(  amounts  of  slimes  are  treated  by  decantatlon.  This  has 
\  been  accomplished  successfully  on  clayey  and  talcose 
j  ores. 

* 
Oil  wells  are  sometimes  drilled  under  the  direction 
of  those  having  no  knowledge  of  geology,  In  rocks  con- 
taining no  oil,  being  hard,  crystalline  schists,  and  in 
which  any  one  acquainted  with  rocks,  or  having  only 
elementary  knowledge  of  geology  would  know  that  no 
oil  need  be  expected.  Those  contemplating  the  sinking 
of  prospecting  oil  wells  should  seek  competent  advice  be- 
fore undertaking  this  expense,  If  not  well  acquainted 
with  oil-bearing  formations. 

* 
IN  the  manufacture  of  glass,  sands  of  varying  kinds 
are  used  for  the  several  sorts  of  glass.  Clean  sand  free 
from  Iron  Is  used  In  making  ordinary  window  glass,  but 
flint  is  necessary  for  the  whiter  and  clearer  varieties. 
For  bottle  glass,  such  as  seen  in  the  green  variety,  any 
sand  Is  suitable.  Granulite,  a  mlcaless  variety  of  granite, 
Is  used  extensively  in  glass  manufacture,  as  it  naturally 
contains  the  necessary  Ingredients.  Moulder's  sand  has 
sufficient  clay  to  keep  the  moulded  form. 

* 
Nitric  acid  Is  manufactured  by  heating  a  mixture  of 
potassium  or  sodium  nitrate  and  sulphuric  acid,  and  con- 
densing the  acid  vapors  In  a  cooled  receiver.  Acid  thus 
formed  contains  water  derived  from  that  in  the  sulphuric 
acid,  and  also  In  part  from  that  derived  from  the  decom- 
position of  a  portion  of  the  nitric  acid  by  heat.  The  acid 
Is  purified  by  mixing  it  with  an  equal  portion  of  sul- 
phuric acid  and  redistilled.  The  distillate  is  warmed 
and  a  current  of  dry  air  passed  through  it  to  remove 
nitrogen  tetroxide. 

* 

Chlorite  Is  a  green  iron-magneslan  silicate  of  alum- 
inum with  chemically  combined  water  and  no  alkalies, 
and  Is  the  result  of  alteration  of  hornblende,  pyroxene, 
biotite,  etc.  Chlorite  Bchist  is  a  granular  to  schistose 
aggregate  of  scaly  chlorite  with  quartz  grains.  It  Is 
sometimes  accompanied  by  feldspar,  talc,  mica,  epidote 
and  magnetite.  It  results  from  the  alteration  of  green- 
stones. Chlorite  schist  is  not  infrequently  gold-bearing, 
and  in  some  regions  large  masses  are  mined  and  milled 
at  a  profit.  The  rock  is  usually  green,  but  It  is  some- 
times red,  or  grayish  green. 
* 

In  sinking  shafts,  particularly  inclines,  there  1b 
little,  if  any,  economy  in  making  the  compartments  so 
small  that  men  cannot  work  freely.  An  incline  having 
an  inclination  of  70°  should  measure  at  least  4.5  feet  from 
foot  wall  to  hanging  wall  plate,  and  if  of  less  than  70° 
should  have  not  less  than  5  feet  clear.  A  good  roomy 
shaft  not  only  becomes  safer  for  the  men,  but  it  also 
makes  it  possible  to  hoist  a  large  tonnage  should  it  ever 
become  necessary  to  do  so.  The  difference  in  the  cost  of 
a  large  and  a  small  shaft  of  the  same  number  of  com- 
partments is  not  great,  and  will  usually  pay  for  the 
additional  investment. 

* 

Platinum  is  a  dense  metal  of  tin-white  color,  moder- 
ately hard,  and  ranks  next  to  gold  and  silver  in  mallea- 
bility and  ductility.  It  is  readily  drawn  into  fine  wire 
and  rolled  into  thin  sheets.  It  is  Infusible  in  the  ordi- 
nary wind  furnace  and  in  the  flame  of  the  Bunsen 
burner;  but  very  fine  platinum  wires  may  be  fused  in  the 
flame  of  the  blow-pipe.  It  Is  not  attacked  by  any  single 
acid.  Liquids  containing  free  chlorine  will  slowly  dis- 
solve the  metal.  An  alloy  consisting  of  platinum  and 
iridium  is  harder  and  not  so  readily  attacked  by  acids  as 
pure  platinum,  and  this  alloy  is  commonly  used  in  the 
various  platinum  utensils  employed  In  chemical  labora- 
tories. 

* 

The  term  "  mineral  zone  "  as  used  in  contradistinction 
to  a  "mineral  vein,"  refers  to  the  fact  that  a  mineral 
zone  is  not  always  clearly  defined,  as  by  walls.  The 
mineralization  may  extend  along  one  or  both  sides  of  a 
fissure  having  no  defining  limits,  while  a  vein  is  presumed 
to  be  situated  wholly  within  definite  bounding  planes 
and  may  be  easily  distinguished  from  the  adjoining 
country  rock.  In  a  zone  of  mineralization  the  minerali- 
zation may  gradually  disappear  as  distance  from  a  cen- 
tral crack  or  fissure  Increases  until  it  ceases  altogether. 
A  mass  of  rock  within  which  occurs  several  veins  or  ore 
bodies  is  also  often  referred  to  as  a  zone. 
* 

That  there  is  any  economy  in  feeding  stamp  batteries 
by  hand  it  would  be  difficult  to  prove  to  a  mill  man  of 
modern  Ideas.  Hand  feeding  went  "  out  of  style  "  twenty- 
five  or  more  years  ago,  though  there  are  a  few  isolated 
localities  where  It  is  still  practiced.  A  man  who  feeds  a 
battery  by  hand  for  $1  a  day  and  his  board,  costs  at  the 
end  of  a  year  at  least  $500.  This  sum  will  buy  b!x  first- 
clasB  automatic  ore  feeders,  which  will  feed  bIx  batteries 
of  five  stamps  each,  whereas  three  men  would  be  required 
to  feed  this  number  of  stamps  at  each  shift.  Comment 
of  the  saving  effected,  to  say  nothing  of  the  better  feed- 
ing, is  unnecessary. 

It  is  not  to  be  expected  that  an  ore  containing  10%  to 
15%  sulphides,  with  gold  in  a  very  fine  state  of  division, 
would  be  treated  in  the  same  manner  as  an  ore  contain- 
ing but  1%  or  2%  sulphides,  with  a  large  percentage  of 
gold  frie  in  the  gangue.  These  two  conditions  in  the 
character  of  the  two  ores  practically  represent  the  differ- 
ence between  the  treatment  of  gold  ores  in  Gilpin  county, 
Colo.,  and  in  Amador  or  Calaveras  counties,  Cal.  The 
former  is  slow  and  difficult  to  amalgamate,  and  explains 
why  the  high  slow-speed  drop  is  employed,  and  the  lat- 


ter instance  Indicates  the  advisability  of  employing  the 
short  quick-drop,  the  common  practice  In  California.  A 
slow-drop  Colorado  mill  was  built  on  a  sulphide  mine  In 
eastern  San  Bernardino  county,  Cal.,  In  1892,  but  did  not 
accomplish  satisfactory  work.  This  may  have  besn  due 
to  the  mill  work,  rather  than  to  the  mill. 

* 
Artificial  diamonds  of  microscopic  size  have  b3en 
produced  recently  in  an  electric  furnace  by  fusing  Irjn 
rods  and  carbon  at  a  temperature  of  3500°  C.  and  plung- 
ing the  crucible  containing  the  melted  Iron  into  a  bath  of 
molten  lead.  The  Iron  breaks  into  fragments,  and  bsing 
lighter  than  the  lead  rises  to  the  surface  of  the  bath  in 
spheroidal  forms.  Within  these  spheres  are  found  the 
microscopic  diamonds,  some  black  (bort),  others  bright, 
clear  and  sparkling,  some  colorless,  others  yellow,  etc. 
In  fact  these  minute  diamonds  appear  to  possess  many, 
If  not  all,  of  the  physical  characteristics  of  the  larger 
diamonds  found  in  the  South  African  mines.  Strangely, 
however,  the  artificial  stones  split  after  a  few  months  ex- 
posure to  the  atmosphere,  though  a  similar  phenomenon 
has  been  occasionally  observed  in  diamonds  weighing  a 
carat  or  more,  taken  from  the  blue  ground  of  De  Beers 
and  Klmberly  mines. 

* 
A  GOOD  method  of  dispelling  foul  air  from  a  tunnel 
after  a  shot  is  in  use  by  W.  M.  Balnbridge  at  the  El 
Paso  mine,  Cripple  Creek  district,  Colo.  A  steam  pipe 
is  connected  with  the  air  line  with  a  valve  close  to  the 
connection.  After  shooting,  the  air  is  turned  off  and  the 
steam  is  turned  into  the  breast  of  the  drift  for  ten  min- 
utes. Then  the  steam  is  turned  off  and  the  air  turned 
on.  The  steam  absorbs  the  poisonous  fumes  In  the 
smoke.  The  air  cools  the  drift.  One  half  to  three- 
quarters  of  an  hour  is  saved  in  time.  The  blowing  of 
steam  Into  a  drift  or  shaft  after  blasting  will  hasten  the 
clearing  up  of  the  smoke  and  gas,  whether  compressed 
air  be  available  or  not.  This  practice  Is  detrimental  to 
timbers.  However,  the  damage  done  to  timbers,  causing 
expense  in  replacing  them  with  new  ones,  is  more  than 
offset  by  the  small  loss  of  time  with  which  men  can  re- 
sume work  after  blasting. 

* 

Machine  rock  drills  are  not  a  new  institution  in 
mining.  The  first  rock  drill  was  put  into  practical  ser- 
vice in  the  United  States  in  1838.  The  first  type  of  rock 
drill  was  known  as  the  "drop  drill,"  by  reason  ol  the 
drill  bar  and  bit  being  lifted  by  a  cam,  or  crank,  and  al- 
lowed to  fall,  in  the  same  manner  as  a  mill  stamp. 
Springs  were  also  introduced  to  accelerate  the  speed  or 
force  of  the  downward  blow,  and  the  elasticity  of  the  air 
was  in  some  instances  employed  for  this  purpose.  These 
machines  were  first  employed  upon  open  canal  or  quarry 
work.  The  first  drill  which  at  all  resembled,  even  in  a 
small  degree,  the  modern  air  or  steam  drill,  was  made  in 
1848.  In  this  machine  the  drill  was  operated  by  steam, 
the  drill  bar  passing  through  the  piston.  It  was  alter- 
nately drawn  back  and  plunged  forward  against  the 
rock.  This  drill  was  not  a  success,  being  too  cumbersome 
and  expensive  to  operate,  but  it  was  the  first  step  toward 
the  type  of  machines  now  In  successful  use  everywhere. 
A  German  engineer  named  Sommelller  was  the  first  to 
run  a  machine  drill  with  compressed  air,  at  the  Mt.  Cenis 
tunnel,  driven  through  the  Alps  mountains.  The  term 
"  Burleigh  drill, "  now  applied  almost  without  discrim- 
ination to  any  make  of  machine  drill,  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  Burleigh  machine  was  one  of  the  first  in  practi- 
cal use,  though  It  was  preceded  by  the  Hanson,  Brooks 
and  other  drills. 

* 

The  hydrographer  in  charge  of  the  United  States 
Survey  at  Yuma,  Ariz.,  reports  that  75,000  cubic  feet  of 
water  per  second  is  flowing  past  Yuma  in  the  Colorado 
river  at  present,  and  that  the  river  is  unusually  high. 
In  midsummer  thiB  river  is  always  higher  than  during 
other  seasons  of  the  year,  owing  to  the  melting  snows  on 
the  high  ranges  of  Colorado  and  Wyoming,  the  western 
drainage  of  which  flows  into  the  tributaries  of  the  Colo- 
rado. The  vast  volume  of  water  flowing  past  Yuma 
receives  no  material  addition  at  any  point  between  Yuma 
and  the  San  Juan  river,  in  southern  Utah.  When  the 
river  is  high  it  usually  overflows  into  the  great  depres- 
sion in  southern  California  known  as  Salton  basin.  This 
basin  Is  about  140  miles  in  length  by  about  30  miles  in 
average  width,  and  covers  approximately  4000  square 
miles.  At  the  lowest  portion  of  the  basin  It  is  265  feet 
below  the  level  of  the  sea.  The  ancient  shore  line  can  be 
plainly  seen  around  the  greater  portion  of  the  basin,  the 
average  depth  of  which  below  the  level  of  the  Colorado 
river  is  probably  about  100  feet.  At  one  time  In  the  past 
—but,  geologically  speaking,  at  a  very  recent  date — this 
basin  was  an  estuary  or  arm  of  the  Gulf  of  California. 
The  Colorado,  which,  like  all  rivers  carrying  a  large 
amount  of  sediment,  gradually  built  up  bars  along  its 
banks  and  eventually  cut  off  the  connection  of  the  inte- 
rior basin  with  the  gulf,  and  in  succeeding  years  the 
basin  gradually  dried  up  by  evaporation  and  absorption, 
until  nothing  was  left  of  the  once  great  body  of  water 
but  a  salt  marsh  at  Salton.  In  1892  the  river  overflowed, 
making  extensive  breaches  in  the  natural  levee  it  had 
itself  constructed.  As  the  river  went  down,  however, 
this  inflow  stopped,  and  since  that  date  no  overflow  of 
consequence  has  been  reported.  Should  the  great  vol- 
ume of  the  Colorado,  however,  be  turned  from  its  pres- 
ent course  into  the  Salton  basin,  it  would  probaby  re- 
quire not  less  than  seven  years  of  continuous,  uninter- 
rupted flow  at  the  rate  of  50,000  cubic  feet  per  Becond, 
which  is  considerably  above  its  average  amount  of  flow, 
to  fill  it.  This  estimate  takes  no  account  of  absorption 
or  evaporation,  which  would  be  excessive. 


20 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11,  1903. 


Dredging    and    Valuing    Dredging 
Ground  in  Oroville,  Cal.* 

Written  byl Newton  Booth  Knox.* 
The  gravelly  bottom  land  below  Oroville,  Cal.,  is 
being  extensively  mined  for  gold  by  means  of  dredg- 
ers. Upon  a  strip  of  land  9  miles  long  by  2  miles  in 
width,  bordering  on  and  adjacent  to  the  Feather 
river,  twenty-one  dredgers  are  at  present  working. 
These  dredgers  are  the  property  of  about  twelve 
companies,  who  own  dredging  land  varying  from  80 
to  800  acres.  The  companies  are  all  close  corpora- 
tions, and  though  the  official  figures  of  working  costs 
and  profits  are  difficult  to  obtain,  it  is  well  known 
that  they  yield!  their  stockholders  excellent  divi- 
dends. For  instance,  one  company's  working  ex- 
penses, including  labor,  repairs,  power,  interest  on 
capital  invested,  depreciation  of  plant,  sinking  fund, 
etc.,  amounted  to  but  32%  of  the  bullion  output,  leav- 
ing the  remaining  68%  clear  profit. 

The  total  general  average  of  the  drillings  of  sev- 
eral of  the  largest  companies'  holdings,  covering  a 
period  of  several  years,  gives  the  value  of  the  gravel 
between  17  cents  and  19  cents  per  cubic  yard,  and 
average  depth  of  11  yards.  As  a  dredger  handles 
from  1200  to  2000  cubic  yards  per  day,  at  a  cost  of 
from  5  cents  to  8  cents— average  6  cents— per  cubic 
yard,  it  is  evident  that  the  returns  in  this  work  are 
considerable. 

History. — In  the  early  days  of  California  history 
Oroville  district  was  extensively  mined  by  first  the 
white  man  and  later  by  the  Chinese.  It  is  claimed 
that  $82,000,000  has  been  taken  out  within  a  radius 
of  8  miles  of  the  town  of  Oroville.  The  gravels  were 
worked  to  water  level,  and  washed  mostly  in  hand 
rockers.  Pits  and  small  shafts  were  sunk  until  a 
rich  paystreak  was  encountered,  which  was  followed, 
drifted  out,  hoisted  to  the  surface  and  rocked.  Water 
interfered  greatly  with  this  style  of  mining,  and  only 
the  richest  streaks  could  be  worked.  The  gravels 
left  made  excellent  dredging  ground. 

The  Gravels. — The  gravel  deposit  about  Oroville 
evidently  represents  the  flood  plain  of  an  ancient 
stream  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  near  the  point  where 
it  debouched  into  the  gulf  which  then  occupied  the 
present  great  valley  of  California.  As  stated,  the 
gravels  average  about  33  feet,  varying  from  28  feet 
to  60  feet  in  depth.  A  false  bedrock  of  lava  ash,  or 
volcanic  tufa,  varying  from  the  consistency  of  chalk 
to  that  of  firm  sandstone,  is  encountered  at  this 
depth.  Below  this  false  bedrock  are  gravels  and 
sand.  In  one  place  a  hole  was  drilled  80  feet  below, 
and  showed  sharp  white  sand.  In  some  places  the 
gravel  is  topped  by  a  red  soil  overburden,  varying 
from  10  feet  to  25  feet  in  thickness.  This  overbur- 
den and  the  material  below  the  false  bedrock  contain 
little  or  no  gold.  The  gravel  is  fairly  coarse,  large 
boulders — weighing  300  pounds  or  400  pounds — being 
very  exceptional.  One-half  of  the  gravel  will  pass 
through  a  J-inch  screen.  As  a  rule  the  gravel  is  not 
cemented,  though  some  dredgers  have  encountered 
pieces  of  ground  which  had  to  be  loosened  with 
powder. 

The  gold  is  distributed  more  or  less  equally 
throughout  the  gravels.  Eich  concentrated  streaks 
of  from  1  inch  to  1  foot  in  thickness  occur,  followed 
by  barren  sandy  areas,  which  seem  to  represent 
varying  conditions  of  flow  in  the  depositing  stream. 
The  gold  is  in  a  very  finely  divided  state,  and  easily 
caught  by  the  riffles,  cocoa  matting  and  quicksilver 
of  the  dredger.  Nuggets  are  a  rare  occurrence. 
The  gold  found  in  the  boreholes  is  922  fine  and  worth 
$19  an  ounce.  The  dredger  bullion  is  somewhat 
lower  grade,  the  base  being  the  surprisingly  large 
amounts  of  lead  in  the  form  of  quail,  rabbit  and  duck 
shot  which  the  dredger  digs  up. 

This  fact  is  interesting  and  would  be  hard  to  be- 
lieve if  it  were  not  very  well  authenticated.  This 
region  has  been  a  great  small  game  country,  and 
during  the  last  fifty  years  doubtless  thousands  of 
pounds  of  shot  have  been  scattered  over  the  gravels 
which  the  dredger  is  now  recovering.  Nor  does  it  re- 
quire such  reckless  shooting  on  the  part  of  these  old 
hunters  to  reduce  the  bullion  grade  as  would  at  first 
appear.  Take  an  11-yard  bank  of  gravel.  This  con- 
tains 50,000  cubic  yards  to  the  acre.  A  dredger 
could  treat  an  acre  of  this  a  month,  producing  a  bar 
per  month  of  say  $10,000,  or,  roughly,  500  ounces  of 
bullion. 

Now,  if  the  bullion  from  drillings  went  $19  =  950 
fine,  all  gold,  and  if  the  bullion  from  the  dredger 
went  $17  =  850  fine,  all  gold,  or  50  ounces  gained  in 
lead  in  the  500-ounce  bar,  fifty  ordinary  shotguns,  12 
gauge,  would  furnish  this  much  shot.  The  baseness 
of  the  bullion,  however,  does  not  truthfully  represent 
the  amount  of  shot,  as  on  most  of  the  dredgers  the 
lead  is  separated  by  panning,  and  carefully  picked, 
before  the  bullion  is  melted.  On  the  Butte  dredger 
they  have  collected  about  50  pounds  of  shot  from 
about  2  acres  of  gravel. 

Occasionally  a  pistol  ball  is  found,  recalling  the 
golden,  glorious  old  days  of  California  history,  when 
some  festive  "  man  behind  the  gun,"  filled  with  enthu- 


MrM 


ill    1 mmlsF 

mm 


*  Trans.  Inst.  Mln.  &  Met. 


FIG. 


FlS.  9. 


siasm  and  "  barb  wire  "  whisky,  would  sally  forth  in 
search  of  trouble  and — generally  find  it. 

The  Oroville  district  is  peculiarly  favorable  for 
dredging,  for  the  following  reasons : 

1.  Bedrock  (so  called)  is  soft  and  easily  cut  by  the 
dredger. 

2.  Boulders  are  small. 

3.  Water  is  available. 

4.  Power  (electric)  is  cheap. 

5.  Gold  is  fairly  evenly  distributed. 

6.  Climate  is  such  that  work  can  be  carried  on 
twelve  months  of  the  year. 

7.  Labor  is  cheap  and  efficient,  and,  finally, 

8.  The  gravel  contains  enough  gold. 

Testing  the  Ground.  —  In  order  to  ascertain 
whether  a  piece  of  ground  is  worthy  of  considera- 
tion, the  following  system  is  adopted  : 

The  land  is  first  divided,  according  to  its  area,  into 
blocks  of  from  5  to  10  acres,  and  a  hole  is  drilled  in 
the  center  of  each  of  these  blocks. 

The  driller  generally  adopted  in  Oroville  consists  of 
a  "  walking  beam "  operated  by  steam  power  pro- 
ducing the  required  motion  for  raising  and  dropping 
the  drill.  In  addition  to  this  is  a  reel,  on  which  is 
wound  the  rope  of  the  sand  pump  used  in  pumping 
out  the  holes.  The  drill  is  suspended  by  a  2-inch 
Manila  rope,  which  passes  under  one  sheave  on  the 
walking  beam  over  another  to  the  main  drum.  As 
the  walking  beam  moves,  the  rope  is  alternately 
tightened  and  loosened,  which  raises  and  drops  the 
drill.     The  drill  itself  consists  of  : 

1.  Rope  socket  (Pig.  1). 

2.  Drill  stem — a  piece  of  soft  steel  about  4  inches 
in  diameter  and  from  12  to  15  feet  long  (Fig.  2). 

3.  The  bit,  with  a  single  cutting  face  about  5f 
inches  long  (Fig.  3). 

When  ground  containing  coarse  boulders  is  being 
drilled  there  is  a  liability  of  the  drill  becoming 
wedged  in  the  hole,  and  in  order  to  prevent  this  a  tool 
called  the  jars  (Fig.  4)  is  inserted  between  the  rope 
socket  and  the  stem.  It  is  like  two  links  of  a  chain, 
and  when  the  bit  is  caught  these  two  links  coming 
together  with  a  shock  jar  the  drill  loose. 

The  whole  string  of  tools,  socket,  jars,  stem  and 
bit  weigh  about  1200  pounds. 

Speed.— The  driller  makes  about  sixty  30-inch  to 
40-inch  strokes  per  minute. 

Fuel. — About  a  half  cord  of  oak  wood  is  burned 
per  day  of  ten-hour  shift. 

Water  — For  drilling  and  washing  the  drillings 
about  1000  gallons  of  water  is  used  per  day. 

The  Operation. — The  land  is  surveyed  and  the 
location  of  the  drill  holes  staked  out  and  marked  by 
flags.  The  drill  is  set  up  over  flag  No.  1.  A  hole  is 
shoveled  out  to  a  depth  of  about  2  feet  and  the  first 
length  of  casing  is  made  ready.  This  section  of  cas- 
ing or  drive  pipe  is  5J  inches  inside  diameter,  i  inch 
thick,  and  about  5  feet  long.  It  is  fitted  with  a 
wrought  steel  drive  shoe  (Fig.  5)  to  protect  the 
lower  end  from  injury.  This  drive  shoe  is  made  7f 
inches  in  diameter  at  the  cutting  edge  and  is  slightly 
beveled  inward.  On  the  other  end  of  this  casing  is 
screwed  a  steel  driving  head  to  prevent  the  threads 
from  being  battered  during  driving.  This  casing,  so 
mounted,  is  set  up  in  the  hole  directly  under  the  sus- 
pended drill  and  tamped  around  with  excavated  dirt. 

Drilling  is  now  commenced.  Water  is  poured  in 
from  time  to  time  to  thin  out  the  material.  After 
the  ground  below  the  foot  of  the  shoe  is  loosened  for 
a  distance  of  say  1  foot,  the  casing  is  driven  down 
and  the  loosened  and  thinned  material  removed  by 
means  of  the  sand  pump  (Fig.  6),  a  hollow  pipe  sup- 
plied with  plunger  and  foot  valve. 

The  driving  is  accomplished  by  striking  the  driv- 
ing head  with  a  couple  of  iron  blocks  clamped  to  the 
stem  by  means  of  two  lf-inch  bolts  (Fig.  7),  the 
weight  of  the  string  of  tools  acting  as  a  hammer. 
After  driving,  the  driving  blocks  are  removed.  When 
the  first  length  of  casing  is  driven  down  to  head  the 
driving  cap  is  removed,  a  second  section  of  casing  is 
screwed  on  the  first,  the  driving  cap  replaced,  and 
drilling  resumed.  When  the  required  depth  is 
reached — determined  either  by  striking  "bedrock" 
or  passing  through  the  pay  stratum — the  hole  may 
be  considered  finished,  and  the  next  step  is  to  pull 
up  the  casing.  This  is  accomplished  by  removing  the 
bit,  stem  and  jars,  and  replacing  them  by  what  is 
known  as  the  pulling  or  pipe  jars  (Fig.  8).  These 
consist  of  an  iron  boss  fixed  to  the  end  of  a  rod  4J 
feet  long.  Above  the  boss  is  a  1-inch-thick  plate — 
the  "knocking  head" — provided  with  threads  which 
are  screwed  into  the  sleeve  of  the  top  section  of  cas- 
ing. The  stem  of  the  boss  passes  through  a  square 
hole  in  the  plate.  The  walking  beam  is  set  in  motion 
and  the  string  of  casings  is  raised  by  the  boss  strik- 
ing against  the  knocking  head.  As  each  section  of 
casing  is  raised  it  is  unscrewed  and  the  knocking 
plate  screwed  on  the  next.  If  care  is  used  in  keep- 
ing the  threads  of  the  casing  clean,  the  casing  can  be 
used  for  a  long  time.  It  is  rarely  that  a  casing  is 
lost.  Fig.  9  shows  the  casing,  drill  bit,  driving  cap 
and  driving  head  in  section. 

Treatment  or  Drillings. — The  drillings  extracted 
from  the  drillhole  by  means  of  the  sand  pump  are 
discharged  into  a  wooden  trough  12  feet  by  1  foot  by 
1  foot,  set  on  a  slight  grade.  From  the  trough  they 
are  run  into  the  riddle  of  a  rocker  and  rocked  in  the 
ordinary  method  adopted  for  washing  gravel.    Great 


July  11,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


21 


care  is  taken  to  save  all  the  extremely  fine  particles 
of  gold,  as  upon  this  work  depends  the  accuracy  of 
the  tests  made.  It  is  customary  to  clean  up  the 
results  of  each  pumping,  and  to  carefully  note  the 
number  of  countable  colors  obtained  and  the  charac- 
ter of  the  ground  drilled  through.  For  instance,  a 
page  of  the  driller's  notebook  taken  from  actual 
practice  is  as  follows  : 


Hole  No.  14. 


PUMP- 
ING.    | 


Feet. 
00  —10 

10  -11 

11  —12* 

m-m 

131-15* 
151— Hi* 
16*-17* 
17*— 18 
18  —19* 
19»—  20  j 
20*— 23 
23  —23* 
23*— 24* 
24J-25J 
25*-26* 
26j-28'| 
28  -28*' 
28*  -29*; 


1  speck 

22  fine  colors 
52  colors  and  fine  gold 
14  colors  and  fine  gold 
4  fine  colors 

4  fine  colors 

8  fine  colors  (1  fat  one) 

7  colors  and  fine  gold 
6  fine  colors 

8  colors,  some  large 
16  colors,  some  large 
16  fine  colors 

21  colors  and  fine  gold 

5  colors,  fine  gold. 

13  colors,  some  large 

6  colors  and  fine  gold 
5  colors,  fine  gold 

8  very  fine  colors 


REMARKS. 


f  Red  soil,  clay,  sand  and 

\     fine  gravel. 

Gravel  starts  at  10  feet. 

Fine  gravel. 

Coarse  gravel. 

Gravel  Bofter. 

Gravel  softer. 

Gravel  coarse. 

Gravel  coarse. 

Gravel  coarse. 

Gravel  coarse. 

Gravel  coarse. 

Finer  gravel. 

Finer  gravel. 

Finer  gravel. 

Finer  gravel. 

Finer  gravel. 

Finer  gravel. 

Stopped  In  fine  gravel. 


Water  level  21  feet. 

The  term  "fine  gold"  is  applied  to  such  specks  as 
are  too  small  to  be  counted,  but  which  play  an  im- 
portant part  in  making  up  the  total  value  of  the 
hole.  The  gold  from  each  cleanup  is  put  in  a  small 
dish. 

This  practice  of  cleaning  up  after  each  pumping 
(approximately  after  each  foot  of  hole  drilled),  in- 
stead of  one  final  cleanup,  is  all- important  in  furnish- 
ing data  for  a  cross-section  map,  showing  occurrence 
of  rich  streaks — sandy  or  clay  patches,  fine  gravel, 
depth  of  overburden,  of  false  bedrock  and  of  water 
level. 

After  the  last  cleanup  all  the  gold  from  the  hole  is 
collected  by  means  of  quicksilver,  forming  an  amal- 
gam. This  amalgam  is  dissolved  in  nitric  acid  and 
thoroughly  washed  in  hot  water.  A  few  drops  of 
alcohol  added  to  the  wash  water  will  prevent  the 
spattering  and  loss  of  gold  when  the  last  drop  of 
water  is  evaporated.  The  gold  is  annealed  and  care- 
fully weighed.  From  this  weighing  the  value  of  the 
ground  at  this  particular  spot  is  calculated,  and  the 
result  given  in  cents  per  cubic  yard. 

Calculating  the  values  is  best  shown  by  an  example. 
The  gold  from  say  hole  No.  14  weighed  2,22  grains  ; 
this  at  3  95  cents  per  grain  equals  8.76  cents — the 
value  of  gold  from  hole  No.  14.  The  cubic  contents 
of  the  hole  is  next  calculated.  To  do  this,  a  factor 
called  the  "  pipe  constant "  or  "pipe  factor"  is  ap- 
plied. The  inside  diameter  of  casing  is  5J  inches ; 
the  outside  diameter  is  61  inches.  It  is  the  practice 
of  the  district  to  use  the  outside  diameter  of  the  pipe 
as  a  basis  for  calculating  its  contents,  the  local  engi- 
neers holding  that  it  is  the  displacement  of  the  pipe 
and  not  the  cubical  contents  that  should  be  used. 
Figuring  the  cubic  contents  per  foot  of  pipe,  with  a 
diameter  of  61  inches,  would  give  .23  cubic  foot.  In 
practice  it  is  found  that  .23  is  much  too  small,  giving 
values  too  high,  values  not  borne  out  by  subsequent 
dredging. 

Some  engineers  use  .25  as  a  factor.  "Eadford's 
factor  "  is  .27 — a  factor  obtained  by  W.  H.  Eadford, 
a  mining  engineer  of  wide  experience  in  this  class  of 
work,  by  the  following  method  :  Mr.  Eadford  sunk 
a  hole  3  inches  in  diameter,  using  a  drillhole  as  the 
center,  to  a  depth  of  34  feet.  The  gold  obtained  from 
the  shaft  corresponded  almost  exactly  with  the  gold 
obtained  from  the  drillhole  when  using  .27  as  a  factor 
in  the  calculation.  This  factor  is  very  important,  as 
on  it  depends  the  value  of  the  holes  and  consequently 
the  final  value  of  the  ground.  The  difference  in  the 
results  obtained  by  using  either  the  factor  .25  or  .27 
is  sufficient  to  change  the  value  per  cubic  yard  from 
net  to  gross — i.  e.,  a  difference  in  some  cases  of  6 
cents  to  8  cents  per  cubic  yard. 

Continuing  the  calculation  :  Hole  No.  14  was  291 
feet  when  drilling  was  stopped  ;  291  X  .27  gives 
7.965  (cubic  feet  in  the  hole  drilled).  Now,  we  have 
the  simple  proportion,  7.965  (cubic  feet  of  gravel 
drilled)  :  27  (the  number  of  cubic  feet  in  a  cubic  yard) 
:  :  8.79  (the  value  of  gold  obtained)  is  to  X  =  the 
value. per  cubic  yard,  whence  X  ==  29.69  cents  per 
cubic  yard. 

(to  be  continued.) 

Engines  For  Deep  Winding. 

During  the  course  of  a  recent  lecture  in  London, 
before  the  Institute  of  Civil  Engineers,  H.  W.  Maw, 
speaking  of  winding  from  great  depths,  said : 

"  No  general  solution  to  the  problem  of  deep-level 
winding  appears  to  have  yet  been  arrived  at.  The 
author  would  refer  those  interested  in  this  question 
to  a  paper  by  Mr.  Hans  Behr,  read  before  the  Insti- 
tute of  Mining  and  Metallurgy  in  May,  1902.  The 
tendency  is,  however,  to  avoid  stage  winding,  unless 
absolutely  driven  to  it,  on  account  of  the  double  hand- 


Head  Frame,  Shaft  No.  4,  Congress  Mine,  Congress,  Arizona     (See  Page  17.) 


ling  of  the  rock  and  multiplication  of  parts;  and,  by 
the  use  of  tapering  ropes  and  conical  drums,  to  pro- 
vide for  such  depths  as  are  likely  to  be  reached 
during  the  next  few  years.  Neither  the  Koepe  nor 
the  Whiting  system  allows  of  the  use  of  tapering 
ropes,  nor  do  they  permit  of  winding  from  single 
compartments  in  case  of  necessity.  It  may  not  be 
out  of  place  to  mention  some  winding  engines  now 
being  built  in  this  country  under  the  supervision  of 
the  author,  to  wind  from  shafts  5000  feet  deep  on  the 
incline,  corresponding  to  a  vertical  depth  of  about 
4000  feet.  The  load  will  consist  of  12,000  pounds  of 
rock,  with  a  skip  weighing  6000  pounds,  the  rope 
tapering  from  41  inches  to  31  inches  circumference, 
and  weighing  13,750  pounds.  The  engines  are  cross 
compound,  each  having  one  H.  P.  and  one  L.  P.  cylin- 
der, 30  inches  and  48  inches  diameter,  respectively, 
and  60  inches  stroke,  fitted  with  '  Corliss '  gear.  On 
the  crank  shaft  are  mounted  two  drums,  each  running 
loose  and  driven  by  friction  clutches.  These  drums 
are  partly  parallel  and  partly  conical,  the  latter  por- 
tion tapering  from  12  feet  to  20  feet  in  diameter,  and 
holding  1250  feet  length  of  rope,  the  parallel  part 
holding  the  remaining  3750  feet  of  rope,  which  coils 
once  back  upon  itself.  There  are  separate  steam 
auxiliaries  for  operating  the  reversing  and  clutch 
gears  and  holding  off  the  post  brakes,  which  are  put 
into  action  by  heavy  weights." 

Co-operative  Mining. 

To  the  Editor: — It  is  a  singular  fact  that  no  in- 
stance of  co-operative  mining  on  a  large  scale  exists 
anywhere  to-day  in  California  where  the  organization 
is  composed  entirely  of  white  men. 

It  was  a  common  thing  during  the  past  twenty 
years  to  find  Chinese  companies  engaged  in  wing- 
damming  and  mining  the  rivers  of  this  State,  some- 
times as  many  as  fifty  or  more  Chinamen  being 
employed  for  months  in  building  "cribs,"  filling  them 
with  rocks  and  boulders,  connecting  the  cribs  to- 
gether, setting  "  bullwheels  "  and  China  pump,  ar- 
ranging dip  wheel  and  flume  for  washing  the  gravel 
and,  lastly,  raising  the  derrick,  fastened  on  either 
shore  with  its  long  guy-ropes;  when  all  was  ready  to 
hoist  out  the  gravel  from  the  pit  that  was  then  sunk 
to  bedrock. 

During  all  these  months  of  monotonous  and  uncer- 


tain preparatory  work,  all  was  under  the  direction 
of  the  "  bossy-man,"  who,  seated  upon  some  high 
point  commanding  a  clear  view  of  the  work,  usually 
smoking  from  a  bamboo  pipe  with  a  thimble-sized 
bowl  (which  never  seemed  to  need  refilling  nor 
lighting),  gave  his  orders  in  shrill-sounding  "  hi  yas  " 
and  "  muck-a-hi-los  "  to  the  slow  moving  but  ever 
going  colony  of  busy  ants  who,  never  questioning  the 
wisdom  nor  shirking  the  unpleasantness  of  his  orders, 
kept  steadily  rolling  and  lifting,  picking  and  shovel- 
ing until  all  was  complete. 

The  first  clean-ups  were  devoted  to  paying  ex- 
penses incurred  for  lumber,  material  and  supplies; 
after  these  were  paid,  the  money  obtained  from  sale 
of  gold  was  divided.  If  the  claim  proved  a  good 
producer,  a  barrel  or  two  of  "  China  brandy  "  (equiva- 
lent to  our  Jersey  lightning),  chickens  by  the  dozen 
and  hog,  roasted  a-la-barbecue,  would  be  speedily 
forthcoming  for,  contrary  to  usual  impression,  John 
Chinaman  is  a  good  liver  in  his  own  way. 

The  Chinese  system  of  mining  in  California  has 
been  on  the  co-operative  plan,  even  in  the  many 
enterprises  backed  by  the  so-called  "Chinese  Six 
Companies,"  and  many  millions  in  profits  have  gone 
back  to  China  although  the  placer  beds  and  rivers 
were  stripped  of  their  richest  values  before  the  Chi- 
nese came  on  the  scene,  and  they  worked  what  was 
left  by  the  white  man. 

It  is  said  that  "a  wise  man  can  learn  from  a  fool." 
If  so,  he  may  also  be  taught  something  by  a  Chinese. 

If  co-operative  mining  is  ever  made  a  success  by 
the  white  race,  it  will  be  when  carried  out  along  the 
lines  followed  by  the  Asiatics.  If  there  is  an  instance 
on  record  where  twenty,  or  as  few  as  ten,  white  men 
in  moderate  circumstances  have  ever  formed  a  min- 
ing company  and  hung  together  under  adverse  con- 
ditions, following  the  direction  of  a  chosen  leader  for 
a  year's  time  without  disrupting,  such  combination 
has  not  come  under  the  writer's  notice.  On  the 
other  hand  hundreds  of  instances  are  known  where 
valuable  properties  are  lying  idle,  former  fast  friends 
now  bitter  enemies;  properties  now  paying  well  that 
were  abandoned  or  sacrificed,  owing  to  non-agree- 
ment of  co-owners. 

The  trouble  is  that  none  of  us  are  as  Infallible  as 
we  think  ourselves  to  be.  The  courage  which  per- 
mits one  to  say  "I  have  made  a  mistake "  is  rare; 
the   sensible  and  forgiving  spirit  which  replies  and 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


July  11,  1903. 


says,  "All  right,  you'll  know  better  next  time,"  is 
still  rarer.  To  know  that  it  is  better  for  one  man  to 
make  one  mistake  than  it  is  for  twenty  men  to  each 
make  one  mistake,  a  certain  thing  amongst  twenty 
men,  requires — well  that  requires  horse-sense;  some- 
thing not  taught  in  books.  Chas.  L.  Lang 
Sonora,  Cal.,  June  29. 


a t 

I  Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

b o 


PATENTS  ISSUED  JUNE  30,  1903. 

Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Smelting    Plant.— No.    732,084;    W.    E.    Koch, 
Pittsburg,  Pa. 


Combination  with  stack  smelting  furnace  of  dust- 
catching  chamber  connected  with  offtake  of  furnace, 
fritting  furnace  adjacent  to  and  arranged  to  receive 
heated  material  from  dust-catching  chamber  and 
mechanism  for  feeding  fuel  into  fritting  furnace  in 
contact  with  heated  material. 


Gold    Separator. - 
Mahone  Bay,  Canada. 


-No.  732,149;    B.   Westhaver, 


Separator  comprising  dump  box  A,  removable 
sluice  box,  plain  surface  sections  arranged 
in  sluice  box,  having  rabbets  f,  removable 
riffle  bar  sections  arranged  in  sluice  box, 
alternately  with  plain  surface  sections,  and 
and  flush  with  plain  surface  section  and  bottom  of 
dump  box  ;  riffle  bar  sections  each  having  bed  plate, 
and  parallel,  transverse  riffle  bars,  upper  and  lower 
sides  of  which  are  straight,  having  riffles,  between 
bars,  bottoms  of  which  are  straight  and  parallel  to 
surfaces  of  riffle  bars,  upper  and  lower  sides  of  bars 
being  inclined  in  a  common  direction  from  riffle  bot- 
toms, upper  sides  in  a  less  degree  than  lower  sides, 
whereby  spaces  of  acute  angle  shape  are  formed  be- 
tween riffle  bottoms  and  upper  sides  of  riffle  bars  to 
retain  gold,  and  riffles  rendered  wider  at  top  than 
bottom  to  permit  of  free  escape  of  pebbles,  retaining 
strips  bearing  on  bottom  of  dump  box,  in  rabbets  of 
plain  surface  sections  and  on  riffle  bar  sections  at 
ends  of  riffle  bars,  pins  removably  securing  strips 
in  sluice  box. 


Excavating  Mechanism. — No.  732,172  ;  W.  Cole, 
Olympia,  Wash. 


Excavating  apparatus  compiising  removable  sup- 
porting frames  located  a  predetermined  distance 
apart,  inclined  trackway  suspended  therebetween, 
excavating  scoops,  means  for  drawing  scoops  against 
the  earth  to  load  same  and  elevating  filled  excavat- 
ing scoops  and  placing  same  onto  suspension  track- 
way, means  adjustably  connected  to  trackway  for 
regulating  the  length  of  cut  for  scoops,  devices 
located  at  lower  end  of  trackway  for  causing  scoops 
to  automatically  discharge  excavated  material  car- 
ried thereby  when  end  of  trackway  is  reached. 


Metallurgical    Furnace.- 
Boss,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


-No.   732,264;   M.   P. 


Metallurgical  furnace,  comprising  inclined  calcin- 
ing chamber,  inclined  reducing  chamber,  horizontal 
oxidizing  chamber,  chambers  connected  at  progress- 
ively lower  levels ;  means  for  producing  required 
atmospheres  in  chambers,  and  means  for  heating  air 
fed  to  oxidizing  chamber,  means  consisting  of  cham- 
bers located  over  and  under  oxidizing  and  reducing 
chambers. 

Manufacture  of  Silicon  and  Aluminum  From 
Silicates  of  Alumina.— No.  732,410;  C.  H.  Homan, 
Christiania,  Norway. 


Method  treating  materials  containing  silicates 
alumina,  such  as  clay,  for  obtaining  silicon  and  slag 
containing  aluminum  oxide  consisting  in  mixing  ma- 
terial with  metallic  aluminum  in  pulverized  form, 
exposing  mixture  to  high-temperature  electric  or 
other  furnace,  thereby  reducing  silicic  acid  and  other 
reducible  bases  and  finally  tapping  off  resulting 
products. 

Process  of  Leaching  Ores  or  Tailings  With 
Solutions  op  Alkaline  Cyanides —No.  731,590;  C. 
W.  Merrill,  Alameda,  Cal. 

Improvement  treating  ores  or  tailings  containing 
reducing  agents  with  solutions  alkali  metal  cyanides 


which  consists  in  oxidizing  reducing  agents  with 
alkali  metal  or  alkaline  earth  metal  hypochlorite, 
subsequently  treating  ores  or  tailings  with  solution 
of  alkali  metal  or  alkaline  earth  metal  cyanide. 

Ore  Concentrator. — No.  732,319  ;  E.  B   Rogers 
and  F.  P.  Hanson,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Laterally  inclined,  vibrating  ore  concentrating 
table  having  surface  divided  by  riffles  extending  lon- 
gitudinally thereof,  and  in  general  direction  of  vibra- 
tory movement,  riffles  at  high  end  of  table  being 
arranged  uniformly  close  together  for  short  distance, 
remaining  riffles  upon  table  being  arranged  uniformly 
comparatively  far  apart,  and  intermediate  riffles 
arranged  to  extend  from  line  extending  diagonally 
across  the  surface  of  the  table,  over  portion  thereof 
containing  widely  arranged  riffles. 

Dredger.— No.  732,538;  W.  H.  Fulcher,  Oakland, 
Cal. 


Combination  in  dredger  of  suc'ion  apparatus  and 
chain  buckets  traveling  proximate  to  inlet  of  ap- 
paratus, buckets  having  open-work  girds  to  allow 
finer  material  enter  suction  pipe  and  arrest  coarse 
material. 

Extracting  Gold  or  Silver  From  Slimes.— No. 
731,631;  J.  T.  Terry,  Jr.,  Altar,  Mexico. 

Improvement  separating  precious  metals  from 
slimes,  consisting  forming  solution  with  water,  spray- 
ing solution  into  tanks  containing  cyanide  solution 
made  dense  by  addition  salt,  allowing  slime  to  settle 
through  and  into  solution,  then  drawing  clear  liquor 
from  top  through  vertically  disposed  filters  and  dis- 
charging sludge  from  bottom  into  succeeding  tanks 
containing  similar  cyanide  solution,  allowing  it  settle 
and  again  drawing  off  clear  liquor. 

Sulphuric  Acid  Process  op  Extracting  Precious 
Metals  From  Solutions. — No.  731,839;  G.  A.  Bahn, 
Austin,  Tex. 

Process  precipitating  precious  metals  from  solu-  ■ 
tions  thereof,  consists  producing  cyanide  solutions  of 
precious  metals,  acidulating  with  sulphuric  acid,  im- 
mersing zinc  in  sheet,  plate,  or  other  form  in  acidu- 
lated cyanide  solution  containing  precious  metals; 
chemical  action  thereupon  taking  place  in  solution, 
dissolving  zinc  and  precipitating  precious  metal;  re- 
covering from  precipitate  of  preceding  operation, 
precious  metals,  by  filtering  and  melting,  or  other 
process. 

Gold-Extracting  Process.— No.  732,639;  T.  B. 
Joseph,  Mercur,  Utah. 

Process  extracting  gold  and  silver  from  ore  when 
in  suitable  condition,  by  subjecting  ore  to  leaching 
action  of  solution  containing  water,  cyanide  of  potas- 
sium, bromine,  hydrate  of  calcium,  peroxide  of  bar- 
ium and  carbon  dioxide,  and  simultaneously  agitating 
ore,  by  compressed  air  forced  upward  through  same. 


July  11,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


23 


Cascade  Water,  Power  &  Light  Co., 
Cascade,  B.  C. 

Written  by  W".  G.  McCoknon. 

The  recently  completed  plant  of  the  Cascade  Water, 
Power  &  Light  Co.  is  situated  at  Cascade,  B.  ft,  and 
owned  by  the  London  &  British  Columbia  Goldfields 
Co.,  Ltd.,  representing  an  investment  of  $500,000. 

Cascade  is  a  small  town  on  Kettle  river,  12  miles 
east  of  the  town  of  GraDd  Forks,  and  about  30  miles 
directly  west  from  Rossland,  B.  C.  Flowing  from  the 
west,  the  Kettle  river  descends  120  feet  in  passing 
through  a  half  mile  of  narrow,  rocky  gorge  in  a  series 


through  a  225-foot  open  rock  cut  from  which  it  en- 
ters a  tunnel  driven  through  410  feet  of  solid  rock 
aDd  into  another  open  rock  cut  500  feet  in  length,  at 
the  ends  of  which  the  bulkheads  and  controlling  gates 
are  located.  These  cuts  and  tunnel  represent  an 
excavation  of  about  35,000  cubic  yards  of  rock. 

From  the  gates  the  water  is  conveyed  through  a 
wooden  pipe,  7  feet  in  diameter,  for  about  1400  feet. 
This  pipe  is  constructed  of  Oregon  tir  tongued  and 
grooved  staves,  2Jx7  inches,  cut  in  circular  segments 
and  machined  to  the  radius  of  the  pipe.  The  staves 
are  hooped  at  12-inch  intervals,  with  }-inch  round 
steel  bands,  with  cast-iron  connecting  shoes  for 
clamping. 


Sub  Station,  Line  of  Cascade  Power  Co  ,  Phcenix,  B.  C. 


of  rapids  and  falls.  For  the  utilization  of  this  natural 
power,  the  Cascade  Water,  Power  &  Light  Co.  has 
built  a  large  dam,  waterway,  pipe  line,  power  house 
and  transmission  line  from  Cascade  to  Phoenix,  where 
the  largest  copper  mines  in  the  Boundary  district 
are  situated. 

The  dam,  placed  above  the  entrance  to  the  gorge,  is 
of  timber  crib  work,  with  a  40-foot   base  and  24-foot 


Provisions  have  been  made  at  the  bulkhead  and  in 
the  width  of  the  cut  for  the  installation  of  a  similar 
and  additional  pipe. 

From  the  stave  pipe  the  water  is  carried  through 
250  feet  of  circular  steel  pipe,  7  feet  in  diameter, 
resting  on  concrete  piers  and  anchored  into  solid  rock 
to  avoid  end  thrust.  At  the  power  house,  three  4- 
foot  pipes  and  one  2-foot  pipe  are  taken  off  below  the 


fi      %!**»     "V-** 


Power  House  and  Transmission  Line,  Cascade  Power  Co.,  Cascade,  B.  C, 


top.  The  midsection  is  50  feet  high,  tapering  to  25 
feet  at  the  sides,  while  the  total  length  is  400  feet. 
It  is  built  on  solid  rock  bed  to  which  the  foundation 
timbers  are  bolted,  and  filled  with  10,000  cubic  yards 
of  rock.  This  dam  raises  the  water  36  feet  above  the 
natural  level,  giving  an  effective  head  at  low-water 
of  156  feet. 

The  permanent  water  level  is  10  feet  below  the  top 
of  the  dam,  being  controlled  during  high  water  by 
twelve  sluice  ways,  which  can  be  opened  to  12  feet 
below  the  natural  river  level,  giving  a  passway  of 
about  2000  square  feet.  These  sluices  are  closed  by 
means  of  12xl2-inch  squared  timbers  in  grooves,  op- 
erated by  a  traveling  winch  running  on  a  track  over 
the  top  of  the  dam. 

From  dam  to  power  house  the  water  first  passes 


floor  level  to  supply  three  36-inch  turbines  for  gener- 
ators and  two  12-inch  turbines  for  exciters. 

The  engraving  gives  a  general  view  of  the  power 
house  showing  the  stand  pipe  at  the  junction  of  the 
stave  and  steel  pipes. 

In  the  interior  of  the  power  house  the  three  gener- 
ators are  standard  Westinghouse,  three  phase,  two- 
bearing,  direct-coupled,  2200- volt,  750  K.W.  at  80% 
power  factor,  or  940  K.W.  at  100%  power  factor,  60 
cycles  per  second,  300  R.P.M.  The  two  exciters, 
each  capable  of  exciting  all  three  generators  at  one 
time,  are  45  K.W.,  120-volt,  shunt- wound  dynamos, 
self-contained,  two-bearing  type,  direct  coupled  to  in- 
dependent turbines,  with  500  R.P.M. 

There  are  in  all  nine  transformers,  which  are  West- 
inghouse,  self-cooling,   oil-insulated  type,   having  a 


capacity  of  250  K.W.  at  80%  power  factor,  or  312J 
K.W.  at  100%  power  factor,  "Star"  connection,  and 
wound  for  a  ratio  of  2000  to  20,000  volts,  on  both  high 
and  low  tension  windings,  with  full  load  efficiency  of 
97.6%. 

There  are  six  lightning  arresters,  located  just 
above  the  switches  in  the  gable  of  the  roof,  of  the 
low  equivalent  style,  giving  protection  against  light- 
ning discharges  for  transmission  at  20,000  volts. 

A  right  of  way  132  feet  wide  is  cleared,  and  trans- 
mission lines  erected  from  Cascade  via  Grand  Forks 
to  Phoenix,  a  distance  slightly  over  21  miles. 

The  high-tension  circuit  consists  of  two  separate 
three-phase  transmission  lines,  each  carrying  three 
No.  3  B.  &  S.  copper  wires,  with  room  on  each  line 
for  another  circuit. 

The  poles  are  heavy  cedar,  and  on  tangents  are 
spaced  not  over  100  feet  apart,  on  curves  at  less  dis- 
tances, in  some  cases  as  low  as  50  feet.  No  angles 
are  turned,  but  all  changes  in  direction  of  line  made 
with  easy  curves.  No  side  or  head  guys  have  been 
used  except  at  extra  heavy  spans  across  rivers,  etc. 

The  work  on  this  line,  as  well  as  all  construction  of 
the  plant,  was  designed  and  executed  by  William 
Anderson,  the  company's  engineer. 

A  3-mile  feeder  is  taken  off  at  Grand  Forks,  12 
miles  from  Cascade,  to  the  Granby  smelter,  where 
current  is  used  for  driving  Westinghouse  induction 
motors  of  sizes  ranging  from  3  to  700  H.  P.,  and  of 
an  aggregate  capacity  of  2400  H.  P. 

One  of  the  accompanying  engravings  is  a  view  of 
the  substation  at  Phoenix,  located  at  an  altitude  of 
about  3500  feet  above  the  power  house.  The  building 
is  of  brick,  with  one  end  left  for  future  extension,  and 
contains  the  transformers,  line  switches,  fused  circuit 
breakers,  switchboards,  etc.,  substantially  duplicat- 
ing those  at  the  power  house.  This  substation,  for 
the  present,  will  supply  current  for  two  700  H.  P., 
Westinghouse,  type  "C"  motors  for  driving  two 
large  compressors,  a  100  H.  P.  motor  for  stone 
crusher,  and  a  150  H.  P.  motor  for  hoist,  as  well  as 
furnishing  the  current  for  lighting  the  town  of 
Phcenix. 

The  Cascade  Water,  Power  4  Light  Co.  estimates 
that  it  will  have  a  supply  at  low  water  for  about 
6200  H.  P.  This  will  enable  the  doubling  of  the  pres- 
ent output. 

A  Proposed  Signal  Code. 

The  following  is  reported  to  be  the  signal  code  offi- 
cially adopted  by  the  Western  Federation  of  Miners 
at  their  recent  national  meeting  in  Denver,  Colo., 
which  they  desired  to  be  used  in  all  the  mines  west  of 
the  Missouri  river  and  in  British  Columbia  : 

1  bell,  hoist  or  stop  if  in  motion. 

2  bells,  lower  cage. 

3  bells,  hoist  men  to  surface. 
2-1  bells,  lower  to  next  level. 
1-2  bells,  hoist  to  next  level. 

4  bells,  blasting  signal.  Engineer  raise  cage  few 
feet  to  show  attention,  then  1  bell,  hoist  men  from 
blast. 

5  bells,  turn  on  steam. 

6  bells,  shut  off  steam. 

7  bells,  turn  on  air. 

8  bells,  shut  off  air. 

9  bells,  danger  signal. 

A  code  of  special  signals  was  also  adopted  for 
special  work. 

[One  would  suppose  that  a  committee  presumably 
comprised  of  practical  miners  would  devise  a  more 
satisfactory  code  of  bell  signals  than  that  above 
given,  which  is  defective  in  many  respects.  One  bell 
to  hoist,  or  to  stop  if  in  motion,  is  all  right,  and 
two  bells  to  lower  empty  cage,  skip  or  bucket  is  as 
good  as  could  be  devised,  but  the  proposed  code 
makes  no  provision  by  which  the  engineer  may  distin- 
guish between  a  vehicle  carrying  men  and  one  going 
down  empty.  The  signal  3-2  is  better,  and  to  hoist 
men  the  signal  3-1  fulfills  every  requirement,  as  it 
signifies  to  the  engineer  that  human  lives  are  depend- 
ent upon  him  and  he  will  naturally  exercise  more 
caution  than  he  would  with  a  load  of  rock.  The  third 
signal  in  the  above  code,  3  bells,  hoist  men  to  the 
surface,  is  also  defective,  as  it  only  indicates  that  men 
are  to  be  hoisted  and  gives  no  premonitory  signal. 
When  men  are  to  be  hoisted  the  signal  3-1,  as  above 
indicated,  is  a  good  one,  as  the  engineer  not  only 
knows  he  has  men  to  hoist,  but  knows  by  the  final 
single  bell  when  they  are  ready.  The  chief  fault, 
however,  lies  in  the  fact  that  it  is  unlike  any  of  the 
codes  already  in  use  in  many  regions  and  in  no  par- 
ticular is  better  than  any  other  code.  The  necessity 
for  a  universal  bell  signal  code  has  long  since  been  rec- 
ognized, and  this  action  on  the  part  of  the  Western 
Federation  is  in  the  right  direction,  but  it  could  be 
amended  greatly  to  its  advantage,  or  at  any  rate  to 
the  advantage  of  the  thousands  of  miners  who  are 
obliged  to  depend  upon  bell  signals  in  mines  for 
safety.— Ed.] 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11,  1903. 


Filter=Press  Treatment  of  Gold  Ores 
and  Slimes  By  Cyanide. 

NUMBER  II.— CONCLUDED. 

In  the  construction  of  the  filter  press  there  have 
been  taken  into  consideration  every  factor  that  has 
led  to  the  successful  treatment  of  the  finely  pulver- 
ized ores  by  filter-press  cyanidation  in  the  Kalgoorlie 
gold  fields  of  Western  Australia. 

There  are  so  many  different  types  of  filter  presses 


water  and  air  tight  under  the  working  pressure  of 
the  machine. 

This  gives  a  battery  of  filtering  cells,  lined  on  the 
interior  with  filter  cloths,  and  having  under  the 
filter  cloth  on  the  surface  of  the  plates  a  drainage 
for  the  liquid  which  filters  through  at  the  back  of  the 
cloth. 

The  mode  of  the  construction  of  the  filter  frames  to 
allow  ready  drainage  of  the  fluids  is  important,  as  the 
efficiency  of  the  machine  to  a  considerable  extent  de- 
pends thereon. 

There  are  three  principal  forms  used.     One  is  the 


amids,  down  to  the  point  of  exit,  and  any  fine  parti- 
cles of  pulp  which  may  be  forced  under  pressure 
through  the  cloth  collect  and  form  obstacles  for  the 
free  passage  of  the  fluids. 

Another  objection  is  that  the  cloth  stretches  and 
sinks  between  the  channels,  making  an  irregular 
surface  for  the  pulp,  and  also  considerably  diminish- 
ing the  area  for  the  free  discharge  of  the  fluids. 

There  is  another  system  that  has  been  used  hereto- 
fore, of  utilizing  perforated  sheets  laid  over  a  corru- 
gated or  grooved  surface,  the  chief  objection  to  which 
is  the  small  area  that  these  grooves  give  to  the  dis- 


^^SZ^Ur 


Fig.  2. 


used  for  various  purposes  throughout  the  world  in 
the  manufacture  of  different  products,  that  the  first 
originators  of  the  process  had  a  large  range  to  select 
from;  but  it  was  found  that  the  proper  form  of  press 
adapted  for  this  work  is  that  known  as  the  "  flush 
plate  and  distance  frame  "  form  of  construction. 

That  is  to  say,  a  series  of  plates  or  filter  frames, 
covered  with  filter  cloth,  having  distance  or  cake 
frames  to  hold  them  apart  and  to  form  the  depth  of 
the  chamber ;  these  are  screwed  up  between  the 
head  and  the  follower  of  the  press  so  tightly  that  all 
the  joints  around  the  rim  of  the  plates  and  frames  are 


plain  channel  surface  that  has  the  center  of  the 
plate,  beyond  the  joint  surface,  channeled  with 
grooves  from  top  to  bottom,  all  over  the  surface  of 
the  plates,  and  a  cross  groove  or  two  collects  the 
filtrate  from  the  vertical  channels  to  deliver  it  to  the 
outlet.  Another  is  the  pyramidal  filtering  surface, 
formed  by  having  the  whole  of  the  surface  dotted 
over  with  small  flat-topped  pyramids,  over  which 
a  cloth  is  placed. 

But  these  are  defective  systems,  because  the  fil- 
trate, in  passing  through  the  cloth,  has  to  pass  along 
the  grooves  formed  by  the  channels  between  the  pyr- 


charge  of  the  fluid,  and  should  any  clogging  occur  at 
the  back  of  the  perforated  plate  it  effectually  pre- 
vents a  uniform  nitration.   . 

In  this  filter  press  and  process  herein  described — 
that  of  the  American  Filter  Press  Co.  of  Denver, 
Colo. — improvements  have  been  made  based  upon 
long  experience  of  the  company  in  filter  press  cya- 
nidation. The  filter  frames  are  formed  with  solid 
rails,  having  transverse  and  longitudinal  ribs  placed 
about  2  inches  apart.  These  ribs  are  again  cored  in- 
ternally with  a  series  of  slots. 

The  perforated  steel  plate  is  placed  over  these  ribs> 


July  li,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


25 


one  on  each  side,  and  fixed  with  flush-headed  sleeve 
and  pin  screws.  The  formation  of  the  internal  ribs 
allows  the  fluid  passing  through  the  plates  a  large 
area  of  exit,  with  no  possibility  of  any  accumulation 
forming  at  the  back  of  the  perforated  plates,  while 
the  flush  surface  of  the  filter  frame,  over  which  a 
cloth  is  placed,  gives  a  minimum  friction  and  wear  to 
the  cloth. 

The  objection  that  the  perforated  plate  gives  a 
smaller  area  to  filtration  than  the  pyramidal  form  of 
surface,  is  of  little  effect.  Long  experience  and  tests 
of  both  methods  have  proved  that  the  perforated 
sheet  filtration  is  of  far  greater  service  in  the  life  of 
the  cloth  and  economical  working  of  press  than  any 
other  form  and  gives  as  efficient  extraction. 

The  next  point  of  importance  is  the  construction 
and  arrangement  of  the  different  passages  for  charg- 
ing the  chambers  of  the  filter  press,  for  drawing  off 
the  filtration  therefrom  and  for  introducing  the 
wash  fluid  at  the  back  of  the  cloth  in  one  series  of 
the  chambers,  so  as  to  press  through  the  cake,  thus 
forcing  out  the  gold-bearing  cyanide  solution  from  the 
cakes. 

The  system  of  construction  for  all  these  passages  is 
a  continuous  channel  formed  by  the  juxtaposition  of  a 
series  of  holes  formed  in  the  plates  and  frames,  which 
when  placed  together  form  a  pipe  passing  from  end 
to  end  of  the  machine. 

This  pipe  has  cored   passages   or    ports,   either 


by  the  great  weight  of  the  chambers  of  the  machine. 
The  tension  bars  are  threaded  at  one  end,  on  which 
a  friction  saddle  piece  travels,  connected  with  the  end 
plate  of  the  chambers  ;  and  beyond  this  again  is  a 
pawl-and-ratchet  arrangement  for  the  preliminary 
tightening  up  of  the  frames.  At  either  end  of  the 
tension  rods  there  is  a  lever  arrangement  attached 
to  each  rod. 

The  fulcrum  of  this  lever  engages  with  the  end 
plate  of  the  machine,  while  the  two  ends  of  the  levers 
are  joined  with  a  right  and  left  hand  screwed  rod,  to 
which  is  attached  a  large  handwheel.  By  screwing 
up  this  rod,  the  two  ends  of  the  lever  travel  towards 
each  other,  drawing  the  side  tension  rods  towards 
the  end  of  the  press,  at  the  same  time  forcing  the  end 
plate  inversely  towards  the  opposite  end  of  the  ma- 
chine. An  enormous  purchase  can  be  obtained  by 
this  means,  insuring  absolutely  close  joints  to  all  the 
frames. 

The  whole  of  the  tightening  up  of  the  press  "occu- 
pies but  a  few  minutes,  and  the  workman  is  in  the 
best  position  possible  to  exercise  bis  strength  most 
effectually  for  the  work  intended,  one  man  being  able 
to  attend  to  at  least  three  machines. 

It  is  unnecessary  to  do  more  than  merely  refer  to 
the  use  of  filter  presses  for  the  purpose  of  extracting 
the  superfluous  fluids,  or  washing  the  sulphate  of  zinc 
from  gold-zinc  slimes.  Presses  have  been  used  for 
this  purpose  in  so  many  mills   throughout  Colorado, 


Fig.  3. 


through  the  distance  frames,  or  in  connection  with 
the  internal  portion  of  the  filter  frame,  according  to 
the  purpose  for  which  they  are  intended  to  be  used. 
There  are  four  channels  to  each  plate,  each  of  which 
has  a  specific  purpose. 

These  channels  are  formed  two  to  each  side  of  the 
frames,  the  lower  channel  at  the  bottom  being  for 
charging  the  chambers ;  the  second,  immediately 
above,  for  the  washing  fluids  and  for  compressed  air; 
the  third,  being  the  lower  of  the  two  upper  channels, 
for  passing  the  washing  fluids  into  the  back  of  the 
frames;  the  fourth,  or  upper  channel,  being  a  common 
eflux  for  the  fluids. 

There  is  also  attached  to  each  filter  frame  a  sepa- 
rate discharge  valve  of  special  construction,  an  easily 
opened  and  simple  mechanical  device  which  will  add 
to  the  facility  of  working  the  press.  By  this  means  | 
the  filtrate  can  be  run  off  in  full  view  of  the  oper- 
ator. 

The  joints  between  the  plates  and  frames  immedi- 
ately around  the  channels  are  made  by  means  of 
round  rubber  rings  let  into  cored  channels  just  the 
right  depth  to  allow  the  rubber  to  project  sufficiently 
to  make  a  tight  joint. 

The  whole  of  the  channels  are  projected  beyond  the 
main  face  of  the  frames,  so  as  to  allow  the  filter  cloth 
being  passed  over  the  filtering  surfaces  without  the 
necessity  of  cutting  or  trimming. 

The  next  point  of  importance  is  the  construction  of 
the  framework  of  the  machine. 

The  tension  rods  on  each  side  are  round,  supported 
intermediately  with  cast  iron  standards.  These  ef- 
ficiently counteract  the  sagging  that  would  be  caused 


Wyoming  and  Utah  that  most  metallurgists  under- 
stand and  realize  the  value  of  them  in  the  "clean-up." 
The  accompanying  drawings  show  the  construction 
of  a  full  size  40x3-inch  fifty-chamber  filter  press  of 
about  five-ton  per  charge  capacity,  the  position  and 
uses  of  the  feed  and  wash  channels  and  the  devices 
for  closing  and  opening  the  frame,  also  the  pressure 
tank,  or  Monteju,  fitted  with  agitating  voluted  per- 
forated pipe  and  oter  fittings. 


Direct  Steam  Ore  Stamps. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Charles  h.  Fitch. 

A  little  boy  going  through  a  cemetery  with  his 
mother  read  the  praises  of  the  deceased  engraved 
upon  marble  and  granite  and  asked  her  if  only  the 
good  people  died.  Steam  stamps  as  machinery  on  a 
commercial  basis  for  milling  gold  ores  are  dead. 
When  they  were  a  live  issue  and  an  effort  was  being 
made  to  make  a  market  for  them  by  good  adver- 
tisers no  sweeping  words  of  criticism  were  in  order. 
We  perceive  this  distinction,  that  fair  words  are 
spoken  of  deceased  people  but  of  live  machinery. 

So  long  as  manufacturers  were  trying  to  make  the 
direct  steam  stamp  a  success  in  competition  with 
gravity  stamps  conservative  men  were  willing  to 
await  the  issue,  thinking  that  something  might  be 
worked  out  which  would  be  a  practical  success,  and 


enable  mines  to  be  developed  with  greater  economy. 

One  of  the  brainiest  independent  engineers  this 
country  has  produced  is  John  Richards  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  when  he  discontinued  the  publication  of  his 
monthly  magazine,  "Industry,"  it  was  a  calamity,  a 
calamity  which  might  have  been  averted  if  he  had 
enlisted  a  good  advertising  man  in  the  management 
of  that  interesting  publication.  A  long  time  ago  I 
clipped  from  "  Industry  "  a  brief  editorial  by  Mr. 
Richards  calling  attention  to  the  indirection  of  mill- 
ing ore  as  it  is  usually  done  under  gravity  stamps, 
and  commending  the  idea  of  direct  steam  stamps. 

The  great  steam  stamps  used  on  ores  of  copper  in 
the  Lake  Superior  region  may  be  considered  success- 
ful, as  they  are  in  large  use  and  nothing  succeeds 
like  success.  They  are,  however,  open  to  criticism 
on  several  grounds,  and  the  precedent  of  using  them 
was  inaugurated  by  companies  of  great  wealth  hav- 
ing "money  to  burn."  In  this  article  I  do  not  con- 
sider these  stamps.  A  few  of  them  were  used  on 
gold  and  silver  ores,  but  sliming  and  the  difficulty  of 
connecting  them  properly  with  amalgamating  appli- 
ances and  concentrating  machinery  soon  "killed 
them." 

I  kept  John  Richards'  editorial  stuck  up  before  me, 
thinking  that  I  would  some  time  design  a  steam 
stamp,  very  much  in  the  spirit  of  that  modest  Texan 
editor  who  proposed  to  eclipse  old  Shakespeare 
"when  he  had  time."  I  may  yet  design  the  stamp 
and  there  is  a  Kentuckian  named  John  Fox,  Jr.,  who 
may  yet  give  Shakespeare  a  rub,  and  again  we  may 
not. 

There  are  two  features  which  I  think  would  go  far 
toward  making  a  success  of  a  small  steam  stamp.  In 
the  first  place  it  must  have  an  economical  engine. 
The  most  economical  small  direct-acting  engine  ever 
built  was  one  designed  by  Elihu  Thompson.  It  had 
four  2}-inch  by  3-inch  cylinders,  realized  5  H.  P.  and 
used  only  twenty  and  one-half  pounds  of  water  per 
horse  power  per  hour,  a  good  enough  performance 
for  a  large  compound  Corliss  engine.  It  had  four 
single-acting  trunk  pistons,  puppet  valves,  and  car- 
ried 160  to  200  pounds  pressure,  steam  always  flow- 
ing one  way  without  reversal  of  flow.  It  was  a  sim- 
ple engine,  and  might  have  given  better  results  with 
one  larger  cylinder.  I  would  get  some  points  of  de- 
sign from  this  engine. 

And  I  would  use  cam  path  and  wiper  to  work  the 
steam  valves.  This  valve  motion  has  done  more  than 
any  other  feature  to  make  the  steam  hammer  the 
wonderful  success  that  it  has  been.  The  "Wood" 
stamp  put  upon  the  market  some  years  since  by 
Henry  A.  Newkirk  &  Co.  had  a  valve  gear  approxi- 
mating this  idea.  This  stamp  "died  aborning," 
although  several  of  them  were  put  to  use,  including  a 
battery  of  several  by  the  Dwight  Furness  Co., 
Guanajuato,  of  which  a  favorable  report  was  made 
after  a  short  run. 

The  beauty  of  the  cam  path  and  wiper  device  is 
that  it  does  in  a  simple  way  a  thing  which  is  other- 
wise very  troublesome  and  difficult  to  do — that  is, 
times  the  valve  action  to  the  fall  of  the  stamp  or 
hammer  so  as  to  open  the  steam  valve  after  the  fall- 
ing weight  is  down.  The  descending  weight  outruns 
the  wiper,  and  the  latter  from  lagging  has  a  small 
movement  of  "catching  up,"  which  is  a  deferred  mo- 
tion derived  from  a  motion  which  has  ceased.  The 
hammer  ram  impelled  by  weight  and  steam  pressure 
falls  more  rapidly  than  the  wiper  impelled  by  weight 
alone.  If,  however,  a  steam  stamp  was  allowed  to 
operate  by  gravity,  only  being  lifted  by  steam,  the 
fall  of  the  wiper  might  be  retarded  by  a  small 
spring. 

The  Tremain  mill,  the  most  widely  used  of  small 
steam  stamps,  had  some  success.  The  struggle  to 
make  it  a  success  by  a  strong  company  having  excel- 
lent engineering  talent  was  a  determined  one.  Ad- 
justment of  valve  gearing  to  work  of  stamps  as  the 
shoes  and  dies  wore  required  careful  attention,  and 
the  whole  mechanism  was  too  complicated  and  liable 
to  balk.  Yet  with  judicious  care  it  would  work  per- 
fectly on  long  runs.  The  design  suggested  a  duplex 
vertical  steam  pump,  and  steam  pumps  are  notori- 
ously great  eaters  of  steam.  A  large  battery  of 
these  steam  stamps  put  in  at  the  Regina  mine  in  On- 
tario gave  them  the  greatest  trial  they  have  ever 
had.  The  result  was  a  low  economy,  so  that  the 
selection  of  these  stamps  was  branded  as  bad  man- 
agement. This  hind-sight  evidently  served  as  fore- 
sight to  discourage  further  investors. 

The  American  steam  stamp  had  one  excellent 
feature,  the  wedge  base  by  which  the  height  of  die 
could  be  readily  adjusted  without  disturbing  the 
valve  relations.  This  stamp  was  the  successor  of 
the  Wood  stamp,  but  to  make  a  difference  of  design 
the  wiper  was  abandoned  and  valves  were  operated 
by  rocking  toggles.  The  first  stamps  had  12-inch 
stroke  and  delivered  up  to  200  heavy  blows  per  min- 
ute. But  the  valve  motion  was  defective  in  its  pro- 
portions and  breakages  of  valve  and  stem  occurred. 
Then  stamps  were  built  with  a  shorter  stroke — only 
8  inches.  The  result  was  disastrous,  as  the  valve 
motion  would  only  then  give  a  maximum  of  150 
strokes,  and  the  blows  were  light  and  comparatively 
ineffectual.  A  few  inches  of  ore  banking  upon  the 
die  would  bring  the  stamp  to  a  stop.  The  defects 
were  those  of  design  and  proportion.  With  plenty 
of  steam  hammers  in  the  same  shops  operating  with 
cams  and  wipers  so  as  to  maintain  any  desired 
stroke,  it  was  alleged  to  be  impracticable  to  run  a 


26 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11,  1903. 


steam  stamp  this  way,  and  a  small  Brotherhood 
three-cylinder  engine  was  rigged  up  to  run  the  valve 
gear.  This  was  both  unnecessary  and  unsuccessful, 
as  the  engine  was  not  properly  governed,  and  the 
speed  not  being  controlled  nor  co-ordinated  with  the 
time  of  drop,  the  action  of  the  mechanism  was  erratic 
and  discontinuous. 

None  of  the  steam  stamps  described  are  being 
actively  manufactured  and  pushed  on  the  market, 
and  yet  it  is  not  improbable  that  other  attempts  will 
be  made  to  introduce  these  machines.  It  seems, 
therefore,  a  good  time  to  call  attention  to  some  in- 
herent disadvantages  of  these  stamps. 

The  first  is  lack  of  steam  economy.  The  only  way 
to  overcome  this  is  to  use  superheated  high-pressure 
steam  in  a  special  engine.  The  steam  about  mines  is 
usually  wet,  and  low  pressure,  and  economy  in  the 
generation  and  piping  of  steam  is  a  general  improve- 
ment to  be  made  in  small  mining  outfits.  But  such 
outfits  must  be  cheap  in  first  cost  and  this  makes 
them  dear  in  running  cost.  As  a  rule,  small  steam 
engines  are  extravagant  in  the  use  of  steam. 

The  second  is  complication  of  function.  It  may 
look  more  simple  to  stamp  direct  than  to  have  an  en- 
gine, belting,  tightener  and  cam  shaft,  but  the  latter 
arrangement  admits  of  analysis  and  separate  treat- 
ment. The  direct  stamp  puts  too  much  into  a  com- 
pact space,  too  many  vulnerable  and  conflicting 
points  of  attention.  The  taking  up  of  wear  of  shoes 
and  dies,  replacement  of  cams  and  stems,  piston 
rings,  stuffing  box  packing,  guarding  against  steam 
leaks  under  vibration,  and  the  insidious  escape  of  oily 
particles  from  steam  or  lubricant,  provision  for 
amalgamation  and  cleanup,  valve  adjustment  and  ad- 
justment of  feeding  ore — these  are  bunched  together, 
and  if  anything  gets  out  of  order  the  chain  of  trouble 
begins.  There  is  usually  plenty  of  room  for  a  simple 
engine,  belt  and  cam  shaft  with  stamps,  and  each 
can  be  put  right  without  involving  any  other  feature, 
which  is  in  much  better  shape  for  the  millman  to 
handle.  The  rule  is,  divide,  classify  and  conquer. 
But  with  the  steam  stamp  we  combine,  complicate 
and  perhaps  swear  horribly  when  some  little  essen- 
tial piece  is  broken  and  we  are  "40  miles  from  any 
place  "  where  good  repair  facilities  are  to  be  had. 

Another  thing  is  to  be  noted,  not  as  a  disadvan- 
tage, but  as  an  overrating  of  advantage,  the  advan- 
tage of  cheapness.  A  direct  steam  stamp  to  be 
thoroughly  satisfactory  has  got  to  be  a  higher  class 
of  machinery  than  a  plain  throttling  engine  and  a 
cam  shaft.  If  made  chiefly  of  steel  and  carefully 
fitted  it  will  cost  nearly  if  not  quite  as  much  as  a 
gravity  battery  and  engine  of  the  same  capacity. 
And  the  remaining  equipment,  boiler,  stock,  plates, 
concentrating  table,  buildings,  tramway  connections, 
quicksilver  and  supplies  cost  just  as  much  with  a 
steam  as  with  a  gravity  stamp,  and  a  saving  of  25.%' 
in  the  cost  of  stamps  is  reduced  to  a  saving  of  per- 
haps 8%  or  10%  on  mill  equipment  complete.  If  the 
gravity  stamps  involve  less  risk,  this  small  per  cent 
is  a  good  insurance.  Nor  is  there  much  saving  in 
foundations.  Among  some  millmen  it  condemns  a 
thing  to  call  it  self-contained,  they  have  been  so 
often  misled  by  representations  in  this  respect.  If 
the  mill  is  properly  placed,  and  the  approaches 
properly  graded,  the  necessary  excavation,  cement 
work,  retaining  walls  and  timbering  cut  a  figure 
which  makes  any  difference  in  cost  of  foundations  of 
the  two  kinds  of  mill  comparatively  insignificant.  In 
short,  the  steam  stamp  for  small  prospecting  mills 
has  been  unsatisfactory.  If  improved  in  weight  and 
design  to  be  more  satisfactory,  the  gain  in  cheapness 
disappears. 

The  idea  of  direct  stamping  is  an  idea  of  simplifica- 
tion of  mechanical  power,  but  the  problem  is  like  an 
algebraic  expression  containing  several  quantities  to 
be  solved  of  which  this  is  only  one.  The  attempt  at 
solution  by  means  of  steam  stamps  reduces  one  quan- 
tity to  simpler  terms  of  solution,  but  the  others, 
amalgamation,  lubrication,  adjustment,  continuous 
repairs  and  automatic  feed,  are  left  in  no  better 
shape  for  solution,  but  in  a  more  troublesome  form. 
Pencellier  and  Lupkin  separately  discovered  their 
celebrated  exact  parallel  motion  immediately  after  a 
German  engineer  had  written  a  "scientific  paper" 
proving  to  his  satisfaction  that  an  exact  parallel 
motion  could  not  be  made  from  the  elements  they 
used.  So,  while  we  are  pronouncing  against  the 
steam  stamp,  some  one  may  be  working  out  some 
clever  device  which  will  "  do  the  trick,"  justify  Mr. 
Richards'  editorial  opinion,  and  confuse  our  negative 
argument,  showing  us  that  there  are  "more  things 
than  dreamed  of "  in  our  philosophy.  I  do  not  ex- 
pect it,  but  for  mining  interests  would  be  pleased  to 
have  it  so. 

Iron  Sands  on  Lake  Superior. 

On  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  on  the  Cana- 
dian side  of  the  lake,  east  of  the  Nipigon  river,  are 
large  areas  of  black  magnetic  sands,  rich  in  iron,  and 
it  is  reported  to  be  the  intention  of  Philadelphia  men 
to  develop  these  beds  of  iron  sand,  and  if  found  feasi- 
ble, to  dredge  and  concentrate  the  sand  and  ship  the 
concentrates  to  iron  furnaces,  says  the  American 
Manufacturer.  The  ore  can,  it  is  stated,  be  made 
very  pure  by  washing  from  it  the  silica.  The  East- 
ern men  interested  have  secured  concessions  from  the 
Canadian  Government  on  shore  and  other  necessary 
rights. 


nining  With  flachine  Drills. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Phess  by 
E.  L.  Le  Fevre. 

It  is  not  intended  in  this  article  to  technically  dis- 
cuss 1he  construction  or  theoretical  efficiency  of  the 
various  types  of  machine  drills  actively  exploited  by 
manufacturers.  The  rapid  advancement  of  the 
mining  industry,  particularly  the  metalliferous 
branch,  has  brought  out  in  a  forceful  way  the  neces- 
sity of  abandoning  the  old  "  single  jack  "  with  two 
holes  resultant  from  a  shift's  work,  and  substituting 
therefor  a  power  equipment  capable  of  largely  in- 
creasing the  tonnage  output  with  a  minimum  expen- 
diture for  labor. 

A  decade  ago  an  ore  body  must  needs  run  up  in 
the  "  pictures  "  to  gain  the  title  of  bonanza  for  a 
mine.  Now  the  great  fissures,  contacts  and  chim- 
neys of  ore,  low  in  grade,  but  vast  in  extent,  are 
eagerly  sought  after  by  shrewd  mining  investors. 

The  ownership  of  a  giant  fissure  vein  does  not  nec- 
essarily imply  wealth  to  the  corporation  or  individual 
possessing  title,  even  if  the  values  be  in  the  rock. 

A  close  proposition  may  make  or  break  a  company 
through  its  management.  A  superintendent  may 
possess  technical  qualifications  in  extenso;  he  may 
be  sober,  honest  and  energetic  and  yet  fail  to  produce 
results  and  dividends.  He  lacks  that  rare  faculty  of 
grasping  the  essentials  of  economic  mining.  Men 
possessing  this  trait  can  command  their  own  price. 
In  the  light  of  modern  progress  no  manager  can  ig- 
nore the  advent  of  an  economical  agent  replacing  the 
"  single  jack  "  and  its  two  holes  a  shift. 

When  careful  investigation  shows  that  a  great 
tonnage  can  be  outputted  with  unfailing  regularity, 
and  equally  rigid  testing  proves  the  possibility  of 
milling  this  product  successfully,  then,  and  not  before, 
is  the  property  ready  for  the  installation  of  power 
drills. 

The  source  of  power  is  a  matter  for  the  competent 
mining  engineer;  its  application  specifically  to  rock 
breaking  is  the  superintendent's  business. 

Having  the  requisite  conditions  and  an  intelligent 
directorate,  a  careful  manager  builds  for  time,  know- 
ing well  that  a  big  repair  and  depreciation  debit  is 
not  relished  by  the  stockholders'  auditing  committee. 
The  power  plant  should  be  modern  in  every  respect, 
with  an  emergency  factor  of  at  least  25%. 

The  use  of  air  power  being  justly  prominent,  I  pro- 
pose treating  the  subject  from  this  view  point. 

The  machine  drill  is  nothing  more  than  a  strongly 
constructed  engine,  calculated  to  furnish  a  maximum 
efficiency  from  a  minimum  of  power. 

For  practical  work  in  stoping  out  a  vein,  it  may 
weigh  from  95  to  400  pounds.  For  driving  tunnels 
or  levels  the  small,  or  "chippie,"  machines  are  rarely 
used.  Primarily  the  efficiency  of  all  standard  piston 
machines  depends  upon  ample  power  and  efficient 
handling. 

Various  distinctive  features,  such  as  throttles, 
valve  action,  springs  or  rubber  buffers  to  secure  re- 
siliency in  the  back  head  and  ingenious  devices  for 
regulating  the  air  cushion  inside  the  cylinder  are 
ably  presented  to  mine  owners  by  the  manufacturers 
of  standard  machines.  For  the  purposes  of  this  ar- 
ticle it  is  unnecessary  to  go  into  details  of  various 
types  or  draw  comparisons  between  good  and  poor 
machines,  as  hardly  a  drill  on  the  market  is  without 
some  redeeming  feature. 

In  deciding  on  a  drill  equipment  a  mine  manager 
unfamiliar  with  the  subject  in  minute  detail  should 
never  hesitate  to  call  in  the  professional  services  of 
some  one  capable  of  giving  skilled  technical  and  prac- 
tical advice  absolutely  unbiased.  Any  drill  offered 
for  sale  must  be  safe  to  handle;  the  operating  mech- 
anism being  held  together  by  side  rods,  the  breaking 
of  which  stops  the  machine  instantly  with  no  further 
harm  than  a  slight  delay  to  replace  the  broken  stay, 
makes  runners  confident  to  a  degree. 

For  a  guide  in  selecting  a  type  of  machine  no  gen- 
eral rule  can  be  laid  down.  Broadly  speaking,  a  3  to 
5  foot  vein  of  medium  hard  rock,  uniform  in  struc- 
ture, can  generally  be  worked  to  the  best  advantage 
with  small  machines.  They  require  only  one  man  to 
run  them,  are  easy  to  set  up  and  take  down  and  re- 
quire only  a  moderate  power  to  run  a  dozen.  They 
are  designed  to  do  about  the  same  class  of  work  as 
single  jack  miners,  the  economy  in  their  use  resulting 
from  an  increased  tonnage  broken.  Approximately, 
a  "chippie "  machine  will  do  the  work  of  three  good 
miners.  Still  there  is  room  for  improvement  in  this 
class  of  drills,  as  at  present  the  power  required  to 
operate  one  is  too  great.  The  best  field  for  the 
electric  drill  is  in  naturally  ventilated  mines,  sub- 
stituting small  air  drills  on  the  class  of  work  to 
which  the  latter  are  adapted. 

The  "  chippie  "  drill,  using  i-inch  to  1-inch  steel, 
must  have  a  homogeneous  rock  and  requires  an  arm 
to  the  bar,  as  slight  variations  in  the  texture  of  rock, 
within  limitations,  may  be  drilled  successfully  if  the 
machine  has  universal  motion,  and  erratic  action  is  at 
once  corrected;  on  the  other  hand,  a  slippery  forma- 
tion with  intrusions  of  varying  hardness  requires  the 


highest  skill  in  the  machine  runner,  and  is  fre- 
quently worked  at  a  loss  with  machines  weighing 
up  to  150  pounds,  compared  with  hand  work. 

The  large  machines,  weighing  from  275  to  450 
pounds,  are  good  for  any  size  of  vein  over  4  feet  wide. 
The  harder  the  rock  the  greater  the  economy  from 
their  use. 

Some  machine  makers  lay  great  stress  on  rapidity 
of  action  with  short  stroke,  and  quote  figures  in  sub- 
stantiation of  their  claims.  In  all  instances  coming 
under  my  notice  exceptional  conditions  obtained  to 
produce  such  superior  results.  It  is  a  patent  fact 
that  a  given  piston  area  subject  to  impulse  from  air, 
moving  ahead  6  inches  at  a  stroke,  will  cause  the 
drill  to  do  more  execution  in  rock  than  one  moving 
4  inches,  even  when  the  speed  of  the  short  stroke 
machine  is  accelerated  50%  over  the  long  stroke 
engine,  all  other  conditions  being  equal. 

The  question  is  frequently  asked  a  maker,  "How 
much  will  your  machine  do?  "  Results  of  trials  under 
exceptionally  favorable  conditions  are  usually  handed 
out  with  a  flourish.  While  these  statements  are 
strictly  true,  yet  they  are  misleading  in  that  the 
same  drill  won't  do  within  50%  of  that  work  in  gen- 
eral, practical  use  inside  a  mine. 

While  there  is  no  hard  and  fast  rule  for  estimating 
the  rock-breaking  capacity  of  a  drill,  still  a  reason- 
able approximation  is  possible;  for  instance,  a  first- 
class  machine  weighing  300  pounds,  working  under 
100  pounds  air  pressure  16  hours  a  day,  should  break 
1000  tons  of  quartz  ore  a  month  on  a  vein  averaging 
7  feet  and  should  easily  keep  the  stope  filled  in  with 
waste  in  addition.  No  machine  should  be  selected 
for  stope  work  that  will  freeze  up  when  cold,  moist 
air  is  used,  nor  should  one  be  used  that  has  a  multi- 
plicity of  delicate  parts  liable  to  break  from  the 
rough  usage  to  be  expected  in  a  stope.  Broadly 
stated,  the  choice  should  be  confined  to  those  that 
can  be  completely  adjusted  mechanically,  with  ordi- 
nary wrenches  inside  the  mine.  No  matter  how  good 
the  machine,  its  use  is  an  expensive  investment  un- 
less it  is  efficiently  handled. 

A  man  to  whom  a  machine  drill  is  intrusted  should 
be  a  strong,  active  rustler.  He  should  know  enough 
about  applied  mechanics  to  readily  grasp  the  work- 
ing principles  of  his  engine,  and  be  able  to  diagnose 
the  dozens  of  ailments  to  which  it  is  liable,  and  cure 
them  at  the  least  cost  of  time.  He  should  be  fertile 
in  expedients,  cleanly  in  habit,  clear  headed  in  emer- 
gency, careful  of  his  tools,  and  absolutely  devoid  of 
passion  under  stress  of  work.  No  angry  man  can 
reason  clearly,  nor  should  a  valuable  machine  be 
given  into  the  care  of  a  person  subject  to  violent  dis- 
plays of  temper. 

It  is  the  runner's  duty  to  direct  the  setting  up  of 
the  machine,  point  the  holes,  correct  adjustments, 
supervise  every  detail  of  drilling,  see  that  the  ma- 
chine is  in  proper  order,  repair  breakage  and  load 
and  spit  the  holes.  He  should  take  a  personal  inter- 
est in  educating  his  helper  up  to  a  high  standard  of 
excellence,  for  the  cogent  reason  that  he  lessens  his 
own  labor  thereby  if  for  no  other. 

The  helper  should  be  a  strong,  willing  worker,  with 
a  thirst  for  useful  information.  (If  there  is  a  place 
on  earth  where  a  shirker  is  out  of  place,  it  is  around 
a  machine  drill.)  Every  detail  of  his  work  calls  for 
strength,  activity  and  unceasing  application.  The 
helper  should  learn  to  do  things  without  being  re- 
peatedly told.  Wedges,  blocking,  tools  for  leveling 
up,  oil  for  machine  and  drills  are  things  he  should  pro- 
vide and  put  away  when  "  tearing  down."  He  should 
carefully  note  the  hole  angles  and  cultivate  the  habit 
of  observing  in  minute  detail.  A  respectful  demeanor, 
a  willingness  to  do  a  little  more  than  is  required  and 
a  close  mouth  will  soon  gain  the  good  will  of  the  run- 
ner, besides  making  the  task  much  easier  for  both. 
After  a  short  service  he  should  take  his  turn  with 
the  runner  in  picking  down  and  making  the 
"  ground  "  safe.  This  is  one  of  the  most  important 
details  of  mining  and  should  be  given  more  attention, 
for  personal  reasons,  than  any  other.  It  is  a  curious 
fact  that  few  miners,  comparatively  speaking,  know 
even  the  rudiments  of  securing  safety  without  an 
excessive  waste  of  time  and  energy. 

The  subject  of  "dressing"  a  stope  intelligently  is 
much  neglected  and  deserves  more  attention  from 
miners.  Every  machine  should  have  a  full  comple- 
ment of  first-class  tools.  The  big  machines  should 
have  two  chuck  wrenches,  24  to  28  inches  long,  made 
of  high-grade  mild  steel,  and  bent  at  an  angle  of  20° 
5  inches  from  the  tip  of  the  jaws;  a  16-inch  Coe 
wrench  for  bolt  nuts  and  hose  couplings  complete  the 
hose  equipment.  The  bars  should  be  straight  welded 
and  riveted  wrought  iron  pipe  with  the  shoes  and 
jack  screws  securely  bolted  into  place;  a  bent  bar 
will  not  remain  rigid  no  matter  how  tightly  it  is 
jacked. 

A  scraper  of  proper  length  for  cleaning  out  holes 
and  a  small  rod  of  f -inch  iron,  sharpened  at  one  end, 
and  4  inches  long  should  be  with  every  outfit. 
Where  wedges  must  be  made,  a  short-handled  axe 
should  be  provided.  A  well-made  flat  oil  can,  holding 
4  ounces,  that  will  fit  into  the  jumper  pocket  com- 
pletes the  ordinary  equipment  where  water  holes  are 
not  drilled.  In  the  latter  case  a  piece  of  f-inch  pipe 
with  proper  connection  and  bent  at  a  right  angle  1 
foot  from  the  end  attached  to  the  hose  comes  handy 
for  blowing  mud  out  of  holes. 

(to  be  continued.) 


July  11    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres^, 


27 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

An  extensive  plant  is  being  put  in  by  O 
H.  Sleeper  on  Bear  creek  in  the  Cook  In- 
let district. 

ARIZONA 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — The  Contact 
group  of  claims  are  1}  mile  west  of  Bisbee, 
in  Warren  mining  district,  and  consist  of 
twenty  claims.  The  Hlgglngs  group,  1800 
feet  east  of  the  Contact,  was  recently  sold 
for  1650,000.  The  Red  Jacket,  Wolverine 
and  Clark  groups  have  all  been  floated  in 
Michigan  within  a  month. 
Bisbee,  July  8. 

The  work  of  dismantling  the  Copper 
Queen  plant  at  Bisbee  was  begun  last 
week,  this  being  the  first  move  in  the 
transfer  of  the  reduction  of  Copper  Queen 
ores  from  Bisbee  to  Douglas.  Tbesmelter 
will  be  kept  In  operation  at  Bisbee  until 
the  Douglas  reduction  works  are  ready  to 
receive  and  handle  the  dally  output  from 
the  various  shafts  of  the  Copper  Queen 
mines.  A  great  deal  of  work  is  yet  to  be 
done  on  the  new  plant,  but  it  is  expected 
it  will  be  In  operation  January  1  next. 
Not  only  will  all  the  machinery  be  taken 
away,  but  the  old  slag  on  which  it  stands 
will  also  be  blasted  out  and  put  through 
the  Douglas  smelter,  says  the  Review.  A 
large  amount  of  this  slag  will  give  good 
copper  values,  as  it  came  from  the  old 
furnaces  before  later  methods  were 
adopted  to  save  the  ore  values. 
GILA  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  E.  H.  Benson,  of  the 
Black  Warrior  mine,  near  Globe,  closed 
down  the  works  last  week  in  order  to  put 
In  a  water-jacket  furnace  of  60  tons  dally 
capacity.  The  matting  furnace  will  not 
handle  the  product  to  be  smelted,  the  ore 
from  the  new  opening  In  the  mine  having 
changed  and  the  precipitates  from  the 
leacher  having  increased.  It  will  be  two 
months  before  thoy  are  ready  to  resume. 
In  the  meantime  a  few  men  will  continue 
work  in  the  mine 

At  the  Old  Dominion  mine  at  Globe  de- 
velopment and  construction  work  is  pro- 
gressing. The  four-compartment  shaft 
is  down  250  feet.  The  foundations  for  the 
smelter  are  being  built  and  boilers  are  be- 
ing set  up  at  the  new  shaft.  All  the 
buildings  have  been  wired  for  electric 
lights.  The  stations  in  the  mines  are  also 
to  be  electrically  lighted.  The  present 
smelter  is  making  the  usual  output  of  cop- 
per. Coke  shipments  have  resumed. 
GRAHAM  COUNTY. 
The  Clifton  Copper  Era  says  the  Ari- 
zona Copper  Co.  seems  to  have  entirely 
recovered  from  the  effects  of  the  recent 
strike,  and  are  working  full  handed  at  all 
their  mines.  They  are  running  three  fur- 
naces and  all  of  their  concentrating  tables. 
The  Sierra  de  Oro  Co.  have  begun  de- 
velopment of  their  group  near  Clifton. 
They  employ   American   miners  and  are 

working   three  eight-hour  shifts. The 

Shannon  Copper  Co.  are  running  full 
handed  at  their  mines,  and  also  have  their 
smelter  and  concentrator  plant  in  opera- 
tion.  The  Standard  Co.  made  a  ship- 
ment last  week,  the  first  since  the  strike. 
MOHAVE  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence).— The  Daggett 
property  is  opened  out  with  a  100-foot 
shaft  on  a  small  vein  of  ore  carrying  gold 
and  silver  values.  Intentions  are  to  Blnk 
the  shaft  100  feet  deeper. 

Shipments  of  raw  ore  from  the  Samoa 
mine  continue. 

J.  Carroll,  at  the  old  Juno  mine,  is  sink- 
ing on  the  vein. 

L.  Hoffman  is  developing  the  Pay- 
master mine  and  shipping  silver  ore. 

The  Elkhart  mine  closed  down  on  the 
30th  ult.  and  discharged  its  twenty-five 
men. 

Dempsey  &  O'Dea  are  sinking  a  100-foot 
shaft  on  their  gold  discovery,  9  miles  weBt 
of  Chloride. 
Chloride,  July  8. 

The  Elkhart  mine,  near  Chloride,  was 
closed  down  on  the  1st.  The  management 
has  stoped  out  all  the  ore  above  the  600- 
foot  level,  and  no  effort  was  made  to  con- 
tinue deeper,  says  the  Arrow.  C.  Bar- 
more  iB  superintendent. 

The  Mohave  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Leland  and  Mitchell  mines,  near  Kingman, 
has  taken  on  more  men.  As  soon  as  their 
mill  Ib  finished  the  output  will  be  In- 
creased.  The  Treadwell  group  of  mines 

will  be  in  operation  next  week,  says  Super- 
intendent J.  Nevill. 

The  Homestake  and  Bi-Metal  mines,  3 
miles  south  of  Kingman,  have  been  sold  to 
Manager  S,  E.  Adair  of  a  New  York  com- 
pany for  $75,000.  The  mine  has  been  ex- 
ploited to  depth  of  100  feet   by  shaft  and 


tunnel,  showing  25  feet  of  ore  assaying  $8 
free  gold.  A  mill  will  be  built,  says  Man- 
ager Adair. 

H.  H.  Smith,  of  New  York,  manager  of 
the  Great  West  mine,  near  Chloride,  says 
he  will  put  In  a  cyanide  plant  at  the  mine. 

The  shaft  on  the  Copper  Pride  mine, 
near  Kingman,  is  down  100  feet  and  the 
vein  crosscut  for  15  feet  at  that  depth. 
They  report  having  3  feet  of  ore  that 
averages  15%  copper,  $10  gold  and  a  few 
ounces  silver.  The  mine  is  owned  by  S. 
Butler  and  E  S.  Osborne,  and  is  under 
bond  to  B.  Blancbard,  manager  of  the 
Iron  King  mine  in  Yavapai  county. 

PIMA    COUNTY. 
Work   is  again   under   way  at  the  Del 
Monte  mines,  35  miles  east  of  Tucson,  la 
the  Catalina  mountains. 

YAVAPAI   COUNTY. 

F.  Dunham  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  has 
bought  the  Katherin  group  of  mines  near 
Craig  for  $60,000.  Development  work  be- 
gan this  week. 

At  Congress  three  shifts  of  men  are  at 
work  on  the  Alaaka  mine,  and  the  shaft 
is  down  85  feet. 

Manager  L.  L.  White,  of  the  White  G. 
M.  Co.,  operating  near  Wickenburg (Mar- 
icopa county),  says  there  are  1200  feet  of 
development  work  done.  The  ore  carries 
$15  per  ton  gold  and  Is  both  free  milling 
and  concentrating,  the  ore  body  being  7 
feet  wide.  The  company  will  put  in  a  mill 
next  fall. 

Superintendent  C.  B.  Genung  of  the 
Oro  Concentrating  Co.  reports  develop- 
ment progressing  on  the  Welcome  group 
of  mines  in  Weaver  district,  1J  mile  north- 
west of  Stanton 

The  Rigby  M.  &  R.  Co.  have  men  at 
work  preparing  for  the  erection  of  their 
reduction  plant  at  Mayer. 

The  Burlington  M.  Co.,  near  Big  Bug, 
will  put  in  a  hoisting  plant  this  month. 

ARKANSAS. 

MARION  COUNTY. 
At  the  Climax  mine,  near  Yellville,  and 
owned  In  New  York,  they  have  been  pro- 
ducing dirt  that  yielded  from  15%  to  20% 
zinc.  Last  week  thev  opened  up  ore  that 
will  mill  40%  metallic  zinc.  The  mill,  at 
this  mine,  of  forty  tons  capacity,  will  be 
enlarged. 

CALIFORNIA 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Shenan- 
doah mine,  2  miles  north  of  Plymouth,  is 
down  1000  feet  In  the  south  shaft,  the 
north  Bhaft  being  over  500  feet  deeo  The 
two  shafts  are  connected  at  the  500-foot 
level.  The  vein  varies  from  4  or  5  to  25 
feet  In  width.  There  are  several  separate 
ore  shoots  in  the  vein.  The  values  are  in 
free  gold  and  auriferous  sulphides,  princi- 
pally galena.  A  new  blower  was  recently 
put  in  by  Superintendent  S.  K.  Thornton 
to  ventilate  the  workings  below  the  500 
level.  The  company  contemplates  build- 
ing a  mill. 

Plymouth,  July  7. 

At  the  Fremont-Gover  mine,  1  mile 
north  of  Amador  City,  the  gallows-  frame 
over  the  Fremont  shaft  was  finished  last 
week  and  work  on  the  foundation  for 
hoisting  machinery  is  being  done.  The 
mill  is  going  up,  says  Manager  A.  Goodall. 
No  rock  is  being  mined  at  present,  but 
considerable  development  work  is  being 
done.  The  air  compressor  has  been  re- 
paired. 

BUTTE  COUNTY. 

The  sub-station  of  the  Bay  Counties 
Electric  Power  Co.  at  Oroville  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  on  the  5th  Inst.  Three 
800  H.  P.  transformers,  value  $4000,  were 
lost.  Twenty-five  dredgers,  supplied  with 
power  by  the  company,  are  temporarily 
idle  as  a  result.  A  new  sub-station  was 
being  built  and  is  about  finished. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

W.  Morehead,  superintendent  of  the 
Crystal  mine  at  Angels,  says  sinking  con- 
tinues in  the  Crystal  shaft,  which  is  down 
620  feet. 

Superintendent  T.  Kavanaugh  of  the 
Western  Mines  Co.,  operating  at  Rich 
Gulch,  says  he  has  men  at  work  equipping 
the  mine,  machinery  for  which  is  on  the 
ground.  This  includes  a  6-drill  compressor 
plant  and  water  wheel,  ventilating  blower 
and  a  diamond  drill  outfit. 

At  the  Lloyd  mine  at  Central  Hill,  near 
San  Andreas,  operated  by  the  Ophir 
M.  Co.,  Superintendent  F.  Heath  says  he 
is  putting  in  a  boiler  and  other  equip- 
ment. There  is  an  incline  165  feet  in 
depth,  and  this  will  be  extended  200  feet 
deeper  to  tap  the  channel.  A  6-stamp  mill 
will  be  built. 

At  the  San  Domingo  G.  M.  Co.  mine  at 
Dogtown,  near  Altaville,  the  tunnel  was 
completed  last  week.  It  is  11C0  feet 
in  length  and  20  feet  deeper  than  the 
channel.  The  company  has  plenty  of 
water  for  operating  the  mine,  Bays  Super- 
intendent B.  Thompson. — -At  the  Bully 
Boy  gravel  mine,  near  Altaville,  work  is 


progressing.     Two  6hifts  are  sinking   a 
shaft  to  bedrock  and  are  down  120  feet. 
EL  DORADO  COUNTY. 
The  unwatering  of  the  Havilah  mine, 
at  Nashville,  is  completed. 

INYO  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Flint  of  the  Tuber  Can- 
yon group,  near  Ballarat,  reports  the 
stamp    mill  and   cyanide    plant    running 

steadily. The  Creed  Co.   will  put  in  a 

mill. 

KERN    COUNTY. 

Work  will  be  resumed  on  the  War 
Eagle  mine,  near  Randsburg.  A  double- 
compartment  shaft  will  be  sunk,  and  as 
soon  as  sufficient  ore  is  in  sight  to  warrant 
it  a  5-stamp  mill  and  cyanide  plant  will  be 
built. 

Jensen  &  Hoffman  are  working  on  the 
LaCrosse  claim,  adjoining  the  Sunshine 
mine,  near  Randsburg,  says  the  Miner. 
Tbey  have  sunk  a  shaft  136  feet  and  are 
crosscuttlog. 

L.  D.  Daves  and  J.  J.  Nosser  have  a 
lease  on  the  Mabel  S.  mine,  near  Rands- 
burg. They  have  a  14-inch  ledge  which 
assays  $30.  They  are  sinking  on  the  ledge. 
The  claim  adjoins  the  Yellow  Aster  on  the 
west. 

MARIPOSA  COUNTY. 

Peregoy  Bros,  are  doing  development 
work  on  their  claim,  near  Whitlock. 
They  have  put  in  a  hoisting  and  pumping 
plant.  The  shaft  is  showing  a  3-foot  ledge 
of  pay  quartz. 

Wood  &  Maddox  have  bonded  one  of 
the  WeBton  group  of  claims  east  of  the 
Imperial  mine,  near  Whitlock.  It  can 
be  worked  from  a  tunnel  which   is  In  40 

feet. J.    TeatB    has    bought    the    two 

stamp  mills  of  S.  J.  Johns  and  intends 
milling  hiB  ore  from  the  Spread  Eagle. 
The  tunnel  of  the  Spread  Eagle  is  in   435 

feet. The  Hayseed  mine,  owned  by  W. 

Dolph,  resumed  operations  last  week. 
The  second  and  third  levels  will  be  run 
100  and  150  feet  farther,  respectively,  and 
raises  driven. 

The  Diaz  copper  mine  on  Bear  creek, 
near  Indian  gulch,  is  being  worked  again. 

MONO  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Pierce,    of  the  Crystal 
Lake  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the  May  Lundy 
mines  at  Lundy,  says  he  has  seventy  men 
at  work.     The  tunnel  is  in  3440  feet. 
NEVADA  COUNTY. 

The  300  H.  P.  compressor  put  in  at  the 
power  house  of  the  North  Star  M.  Co.  at 
Grass  Valley  is  in  full  operation,  says 
Manager  A.  D.  Foote,  and,  with  this  run- 
ning, they  are  developing  a  total  of 
800  H.  P. 

Fire  destroyed  the  entire  upper  works 
at  the  Seven-Thirty  mine,  on  Deadman's 
Flat,  near  Grass  Valley,  on  the  3rd  inst., 
also  the  timbering  for  40  feet  down  the 
shaft.  The  origin  of  the  fire  is  unknown. 
J.  J.  Riley  owns  a  controlling  interest. 
PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

G.  Gruss,  operating  the  Genesee  mihe 
near  Genesee,  says  he  is  putting  through 
his  15-stamp  mill  an  average  of  sixty  tons 
per  day.  Between  the  slate  and  the  por- 
phyry walls  the  lode  matter  consists  of  a 
network  of  small  veins,  and  the  entire 
mass  is  being  quarried  and  put  through 
the  mill.  To  recover  the  loss  In  the  tail- 
ings, concentrators  will  be  put  in  and  the 
mill  further  enlarged  this  summer. 
SAN  DIEGO   COUNTY. 

Manager  L.  N.  Bailey  says  the  company 
will  resume  operations  in  the  Kentuck 
tunnel,  between  Banner  and  Julian,  this 
month. 

Superintendent  Morrissey  reports  work 
going  ahead  in  the  Alpha  mine  at  Banner 
and  he  is  driving  a  level  from  the  300-foot 
tunnel  to  the  North  Star  shaft. 

SHASTA    COUNTY. 

Superintendent  C.  M.  Osborn  has  men 
at  work  on  the  Mount  Shasta  May  Blos- 
som mine  near  Bully  Hill  ( Winthrop  P.  O  ) 

In  Shasta  county  the  two  smelters  in 
operation  are  treating  25,000  tons  of  cop- 
per ore  per  month,  the  Mountain  C.  Co. 
at  KeBwick  20,000  tons  and  the  Bully  Hill 
M.  &  S.  Co.  at  De  Lamar  5000  tons.  The 
De  Lamar  smelter  will  be  enlarged.  Be- 
sides working  its  own  ore,  the  Mountain 
C.  Co.  treated  ore  from  seventy-six  ship- 
pers in  the  county  during  1902.  One 
other  smelter  is  going  up,  the  Great 
WeBtern  Co.  at  the  Afterthought  group 
at  Bella  Vista,  and  one  other  is  proposed 
at  the  Balaklala  group  at  Kennett,  Bays 
the  Redding  Free  Press. 

SIERRA   COUNTY. 

The  Lassiat  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been  In- 
corporated at  Poker  Flat,  near  Downie- 
ville,  by  J.  B.  and  R.  Lassiat,  F.  P.  and 
A.  Roddy  and  F.  Humbert. 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

The  McKean  mine  at  South  Fork  of 
Scott  river,  near  Callahans,  has  been  shut 
down  for  three  months,  to  make  Improve- 
ments for  more  economical  working. 
Water  power  will  be  used  in  place  of 
steam   for   the  compressors,   as  there  is 


abundance  of  water  available.  The  com- 
pany has  a  cyanide  plant. 

The  Brown  Bear  and  Hammer  Co. 
claims  at  Hamburgh  Bar,  on  the  Klamath 
river,  from  3  miles  below  the  bar  to  1  mile 
above,  have  been  bonded  to  L.  L.  Rees, 
C.  Tucker,  J.  S.  Perky  and  B  A.  Card- 
well  of  Denver,  Colo.  They  will  build  a 
14-mile  Hume  from  Scott  river.  G.  Whipp 
and  B.  A.  Cardwell  have  bonded  the  Of- 
field  claim,  opposite  Hamburgh,  on  the 
Klamath  river. 

At  the  Drummer  Boy  mine,  near  Yreka, 
development  work  is  progressing  with  a 
few  men  preparatory  to  putting  In  a  stamp 
mill.     Electric  power  will  be  used. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

A  new  strike  is  reported  In  the  Mount 
Jefferson  mine  at  Groveland,  on  the  500 
level.  The  same  shoot  was  cut  not  long 
since  on  the  400  level. 

The  two-compartment  shaft  on  the  Mc- 
Alpine  mine,  5  miles  southwest  of  Big 
Oak,  is  now  down  250  feet.  At  the  200 
level  a  crosscut  will  be  driven  to  the  veiD, 
which  will  be  explored  by  drifting.  The 
mine  1b  on  the  mother  lode  and  has  a  large 
vein. 

The  Mohican  mine,  on  the  Tuolumne 
river,  5  miles  southeast  of  Groveland,  and 
near  the  Buchanan  mine,  is  running  Its  5- 
stamp  mill  steadily.  The  mine  is  devel- 
oped by  tunnels,  but  a  hoist  is  being  put 
in  in  a  station  in  the  lower  tunnel,  and  a 
shaft  sunk  on  the  vein. 

Wm.  Floyd  is  developing  the  Garfield 
mine,  1}  mile  south  of  Carters.  This 
mine  is  said  to  be  on  the  Providence  vein. 

The  Cosmopolite  mine,  near  Groveland, 
is  equipped  with  a  steam  hoisting  plant 
and  air  compressor,  and  a  mill  is  in  con- 
templation by  the  management.  In  its 
early  history  the  Cosmopolite  was  worked 
as  a  pocket  mine  and  as  such  produced 
largely.  It  is  now  considered  that  the 
low-grade  ore  has  become  available  by 
reason  of  improved  methods  and  modern 
knowledge,  and  will  pay  to  work.  H.  Ar- 
gall  is  superintendent. 

Operations  in  four  of  Tuolumne  county's 
mother  lode  mines  are  suspended,  as  the 
miners  of  the  Jumper  and  Golden  Rule 
mines  at  Stent  and  the  Santa  Ysabel  and 
the  App  mines  on  Quartz  mountain  quit 
work,  because  the  companies  refused  to 
discbarge  non-union  men.  The  strike 
affects  300  men.  In  addition  to  this,  the 
union  has  demanded  of  all  the  mine  man- 
agers in  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Tuolumne 
union  a  new  wage  scale,  which  is  an  in- 
crease of  25  and  50  cents  per  day  over  the 
rate  now  paid  in  most  cases.  The  scale  is 
as  follows:  Machine  men,  chuck  tenders, 
hammer  men,  timber  men  and  pump  men 
$3  a  day,  and  all  other  skilled  laborers  not 
less  than  $3;  muckers,  carmen  and  top 
laborers,  $2  50  a  day;  millmen  and  engi- 
neers and  machinists,  $3  50.  In  the  case 
of  machine  miners  and  timber  men  the 
new  scale  is  the  same  as  before. 

The  Tuolumne  County  Dev.  Co.  have 
started  operations  on  the  Blue  Jay  and 
Jack  Rabbit  mines,  near  Carters,  and  ad- 
joining the  Providence  mine  on  the  south. 

J.  McCormick  has  bought  a  one-fourth 
interest  in  the  Eureka  quartz  claim,  at 
the  head  of  the  south  branch  of  WhiBky 
gulch,  2  miles  from  Jacksonville. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — At  the  Dor- 
leska  mine  a  strike  has  been  made  on  the 
fourth  level  at  a  vertical  depth  of  300  feet. 
The  ore,  where  first  Btruck,  was  4  feet 
wide,  and  included  a  streak  of  10  Inches  of 
$100  ore.  The  ore  body  haB  widened  to  10 
feet,  then  to  15,  and  on  July  1  the  walls 
were  29  feet  apart,  20  feet  of  which  is  a 
good  grade  of  milling  ore.  This  ore  body 
has  been  worked  on  the  third  level,  120 
feet  above,  but  it  was  not  expected  to 
show  Buch  width.  On  the  third  level  It 
averaged  10  feet  in  width,  and  at  its 
greatest  dimensions  was  17  feet  wide.  The 
Dorleska  recommenced  sinking  the  shaft 
from  the  third  level  at  depth  of  180  feet 
December  23,  1902,  and  went  to  depth  of 
317  feet.  A  Btatlon  was  cut  and  a  cross- 
cut west  reached  the  first  contact  at  45 
feet  and  the  second  contact  at  107  feet  A 
drift  north  was  Btarted  89  feet  west  of  the 
shaft  and  the  ore  body  cut  in  the  north 
drift  75  feet  from  the  crosscut.  Ore  of 
milling  grade  is  being  taken  from  another 
development  on  the  Dorleska,  in  a  north 
branch  of  tunnel  No.  2,  nearly  1000  feet 
north  of  the  Bhaft.  This  is  a  new  source 
of  ore  supply.  The  Dorleska  mill  com- 
menced working  June  3,  1901,  and  with 
the  exception  of  four  months,  when  it  was 
shut  down  by  heavy  snows— from  Febru- 
ary 25  to  June  19,  1902— it  has  been  run- 
ning continuously  to  date.  The  mill  has 
been  enlarged  twice,  and  the  develop- 
ments of  the  past  month,  it  is  stated,  add 
two  years  supply  of  ore  at  the  present 
rate  of  consumption.  The  addition  of  an- 
other 5-8tamp  battery  is  under  considera- 
tion, and  will  probably  be  made  this  sea- 
son. About  4000  tons  of  ore  had  been 
milled  to  July  1,  producing  over  $100  000. 
An  average  of  forty  men  are  employed  at 
the  Dorleska  throughout  the  year,  and 


28 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11,  1903. 


in  the  summer  season,  with  contractors 
for  wood  and  timber,  the  number  reaches 
sixty.  During  July  the  company's  saw- 
mill will  cut  lumber  and  timbers  for  an- 
other year.  Union  Consolidated  G.  M.  Co. 
of  Los  Angeles,  owners;  H.  Z.  Osborne, 
president;  M.  H.  Macllwaine  of  Dorleska, 
superintendent. 

Dorleska,  July  7. 

Theledge  in  on  the  second  tunnel  in  the 
Globe  mine,  in  Canyon  Creek  mining  dis- 
trict, near  Weaverville,  has  been  struck 
at  800  feet,  says  the  Trinity  Journal. 
Heretofore  the  mill  has  been  run  by  steam 
and  could  only  be  used  five  months  a  year. 
Compressed  air  will  be  used  hereafter. 
Superintendent  R.  A.  Skinner  has  twenty 
men  at  work.  It  is  proposed  to  enlarge 
the  plant. 

YUBA    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — A.  H.  Elft- 
man,  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Miller  M. 
Co.,  is  here  from  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  and 
proposes  having  a  resumption  of  work 
next  month. 

Brownsville,  July  8. 

Work  on  the  Yuba  debris  barriers,  near 
Marysville,  is  again  under  way._  They 
have  twelve  men  at  work  stripping  the 
quarry  for  barrier  No.  1.  A  ditch  1  mile 
long  has  been  dug. 

COLORADO. 

BOULDEK  COUNTY. 

A  S.  Wise,  manager  of  the  Black  Swan 
M.  Co.,  composed  of  Meadville,  Penn., 
men,  has  resumed,  and  is  overhauling  the 
mill.  The  group  is  between  Sunshine  and 
Salina.  containing  large  veins  of  low-grade 
ore.  The  mill  is  equipped  for  concentra- 
tion and  will  have  cyanide  added  for  sav- 
ing the  values  in  the  tailings. 

The  Rocky  Mountain  Fuel  Co.  began 
operations  last  week  toward  sinking  a  new 
coal  mine  on  the  Wanaka  place  east  of 
Louisville.  The  hoisting  apparatus  is  in 
place. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — T.  B.  Crow 
of   Idaho   Springs  will  add  concentrating 

tables  and  crushers  to  his  new  mill. F. 

F  Reed,  manager  of  the  Bonita  mill, 
states  he  is  getting  all  the  ore  he  can  han- 
dle and  has  had  to  increase  the  capacity. 
He  has  thirty  stamps  and  a  15-ton  cyanide 
plant,  and  if  the  cyanide  plant  is  success- 
ful will  increase  to  forty  tons. The 

Idaho  Springs  M.  &  R.  Co.  have  over- 
hauled their  mill  and  put  in  additional 
jigs.    Work  has  resumed  full  handed. 

Idaho  Springs,  July  5. 

(Special  Correspondence).— J.  R.  Elgan, 
manager  of  the  New  Era  Co.  at  Freeland, 
5  miles  southwest  of  Idaho  Springs,  has 
opened  a  3-foot  vein  of  $50  smelting  ore. 
Forty  men  are  employed  on  the  property. 

Freeland,  July  5. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — G.  W.  Tea- 
garden,  manager  of  the  St.  Paul  G.  M.,  S. 
T.  &  D.  Co.  in  East  Argentine  mining  dis- 
trict, is  driving  two  tunnels.  His  com- 
pany will  put  in  a  water  power  plant. 

The  main  tunnel  of  the  Red  Oak  mine  is 
in  3000  feet.  At  the  2500-foot  mark  they 
have  started  to  drive  a  crosscut  and  ex- 
pect to  cut  the  Astor  vein.  Two  cars  of 
$100  ore  are  being  shipped  from  the  Sun- 
burst mine  each  week. 

Georgetown,  July  5. 

The  Manhattan  Union  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  to  work  the  Kittie  Ousley,  Big 
Chief,  El  Dorado,  Mound  Builder,  Lead 
Island  and  Rosalie  group  of  lodes  in  East 
Argentine  district,  adjoining  the  Waldorf, 
near  Georgetown,  by  H.  W.  Preston, 
D.  W.  Barkley  and  E.  J.  Wilcox.  Devel- 
opment machinery  will  be  put  in. 

The  Central  tunnel  of  the  Big  Five  Co. 
at  Idaho  Springs  will  be  driven  ahead 
5000  feet  by  contract  at  $10  per  foot,  the 
contractor  to  be  furnished  with  machine 
drills,  steel,  air  and  ventilating  pipes, 
rails  and  ties,  and  compressed  air.  The 
contract  calls  for  a  tunnel  5  feet  wide  by 
8  feet  high  in  the  clear,  and  is  in  1800  feet. 

Manager  J.  H.  Towne  has  added  an- 
other location  to  the  group  of  claims  he  is 
developing  for  the  Indiana  G.  &  S.  M  & 
M.  Co.  on  McClellan  mountain,  near  Silver 
Plume,  makiDg  eight  in  all,  besides  a 
tunnel  site  and  millsite.  The  vein  shows 
values  in  gold  and  silver.  This  lode  will 
be  reached  in  500  feet  by  the  adit  tunnel 
being  driven  on  the  Indiana  lode. 
CUSTER  COUNTY. 

J.  P.  H.  Callahan  and  R.  E.  Myers  of 
Westcliffe  have  a  bend  and  lease  on  the 
King  of  the  Carbonates  group,  near  West- 
cliffe, for  $50,000. 

DENVER  COUNTY. 

J.  B.  Grant,  chairman  of  the  executive 
committee  of  the  American  S.  &  R.  Co., 
estimates  the  damage  at  the  Grant  & 
Globe  smelters  of  that  company  at  Den- 
ver, caused  by  the  unexpected  strike  of 
the  employes  at  $25,000.  All  but  two  of 
the  eleven  furnaces  in  use  were  "frozen," 
and  the  ore  will  have  to  be  cut  out  before 
the  furnaces  can  again  be  used.  Manager 
F.  Guiterman  of  the  Globe  smelter  ex- 


pects to  have  operations  under  way  again 
next  week. 

DOLORES  COUNTY. 
S.  Newhouse  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
will  equip  his  group  of  mines,  near  Rico, 
with  a  concentrator. 

EL  PASO   COUNTY. 

An  attempt  was  made  to  blow  up  the 
plant  of  the  Colorado  Springs  Electric  Co. 
on  the  5th  inst.  with  dynamite.  One 
hundred  and  fifty  stickB  of  dynamite  were 
piled  alongside  the  north  end  of  the  build- 
ings and  a  fuse  lighted.  The  explosion  of 
one  stick  distributed  the  other  sticks 
over  a  radius  of  200  feet,  saving  the  build- 
ing and  the  lives  of  seventeen  employes. 
The  glass  in  all  the  northern  windows 
was  broken  and  fires  started,  which  were 
quickly  put  out.  The  company  furnishes 
power  to  the  Standard  mill  of  the  United 
States  R.  &  R.  Co.,  where  a  strike  has 
been  declared  by  the  Western  Federation 
of  Miners. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

J.  H.  Wilson,  W.  L.  Shull  and  C.  C. 
W  orrall  of  Denver  have  incorporated  the 
Onoko  M.  Co.,  to  work  on  the  Steady  In- 
come group  of  mines,  near  Russell  Gulch. 
On  the  Paola  mine  they  have  put  up  a 
hoisting  plant.  The  company  also  owns 
the  Onoko  group  of  mines. 

E.  S.  Moulton  of  Central  City  has  taken 
a  lease  on  the  Hillhouse  mine,  near  Rus- 
sell Gulch. 

At  the  Foote  &  Simmons  mine,  on  Bob- 
tail hill,  near  Central  City,  the  company 
will  put  in  a  10x12  hoist  and  an  80  H.  P. 
boiler,  and  will  use  electric  drills.  The 
shaft  is  down  600  feet  and  the  company 
intends  to  sink  down  to  a  depth  of  1000 
feet.     S.  Mellor  is  superintendent. 

The  Cadillac  M.  &  M.  Co.  have  a  lease 
and  bond  on  the  New  Hampshire  group 
of  claims,  at  the  head  of  Lump  gulch,  and 
have  started  operations.  The  ore  will  be 
tested  at  the  Stanley  mill,  near  Gilpin, 
owned  by  this  company. 

During  the  month  of  June  the  ship- 
ments of  smelting  and  crude  ores,  concen- 
trates and  tailings  from  the  Black  Hawk 
depot  to  the  smelters  and  mills  made  a 
total  of  235  cars,  or  4700  tons. 

T.  George  of  Denver  has  a  lease  and 
bond  on  the  Howard  tunnel  group,  up 
Clear  creek,  in  Enterprise  district,  near 
Central  City. 

The  Nevada  Con.  G.  M.  Co.,  operating 
the  King,  Lamberson  &  Warren  and  Oro- 
noake  mines  on  King  flats,  near  Central 
City,  has  carpenters  putting  up  buildings 
for  a  lead  concentrating  plant,  says  Presi- 
dent T.  Marx.  The  mill  will  have  a  ca- 
pacity of  fifty  tons  per  day.  Sinking  has 
been  resumed  at  the  Pierce  mine  at  Cen- 
tral City  by  the  English  company.  The 
shaft  will  be  put  down  an  additional  100 
feet,  making  it  400  feet  deep. 

GUNNISON   COUNTY. 

The  Keystone  mine,  3  miles  above 
Crested  Butte,  is  to  be  operated  this  sum- 
mer. This  property  carries  silver,  lead, 
zinc  and  copper  values,  says  Superinten- 
dent H.  Schraft,  who  has  cleaned  out  the 
drifts  preparatory  to  doing  further  devel- 
opment and  taking  out  ore.  A  mill  is  in 
contemplation. 

The  Gunnison  M.  S.  &  R.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  at  Gunnison.  J.  J.  O'Brien, 
J.  T.  Cavanaugh,  F.  W.  Otto,  F.  A.  Whit- 
ney and  W.  H.  Baker.  The  company  will 
put  up  works  for  smelting,  concentrating 
and  reducing  ore. 

The  Blistered  Horn  tunnel  near  Tincup, 
which  is  being  driven  under  the  Jimmy 
Mack  mine  workings  is  in  400  fee%  and 
will  be  extended  1100  feet  farther.  The 
Jimmy  Mack  vein  carries  high-grade  cop- 
per values;  alBO  values  in  silver  and  lead. 
The  Brunswick  M.  Co.  of  New  York  and 
New  Jersey  is  doing  the  development 
work. 

The  West  Gold  Hill  M.  Co.  will  resume 
operations  next  week  on  the  J.  B.  Sellers 
group  on  WeBt  Gold  hill,  near  Tincup. 

LAKE    COUNTY. 

At  the  Ibex  combination  at  Leadville 
250  tons  of  ore  a  day  are  being  mined. 
Shafts  Nos.  2  and  3  are  furnishing  most  of 
the  ore.  At  No.  4  shaft  sinking  is  going 
on  to  complete  connection  with  the  Yak 
tunnel.  No.  3  shaft,  down  800  feet,  will 
be  suck  another  450  feet. 

Manager  Strong  says  the  Banker  mine, 
near  Leadville,  will  be  reopened. 

The  Fryer  Hill  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Leadville,  will  increase  their  output  until 
they  are  shipping  1000  tons  a  day. 

The  output  of  Leadville  district  for  June 
was  80,000  tons  of  all  classes  of  ore— this, 
too,  with  a  large  amount  of  development 
work  under  way. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 
The  Neglected  mill,  near  Durango,  is  in 
operation,  with  a  capacity  of  treating  100 
tons  daily.  They  amalgamate  before  and 
after  concentration.  The  grinding  is  done 
with  Chilean  mills,  the  pulp  passing  over 
amalgam  plate9  and  thence  to  Frue  van- 
ners,  the  tailings  passing  over  another  set 
of  amalgam  plates  below. 


MINERAL  COUNTY. 
The  ore  output   of  Creede  district  for 
1903  to  July  1  is  as  follows  : 
Month.  Tons 

January 5,283 

February 5,788 

March 7,072 

April 5, 715 

May 5,645 

June  (estimated) 7,000 

Total 36,503 

OURAY  COUNTY. 

A.  Van  Horn  of  Ouray  has  bought  the 
Snowflake  mine  in  Red  Mountain  district, 
near  Vanderbilt,  and  is  moving  up  the 
Paymaster  hoist  with  which  to  unwater 
the  shaft  and  start  development,  says  the 
Standard. 

PARK  COUNTY. 

The  placer  ground  covering  490  acres, 
near  Tarryall,  is  being  worked,  says  J.  H. 
Weigert  of  Colorado  Springs,  part  owner. 
An  hydraulic  plant  will  be  put  in. 

The  Almaden  M.  Co.,  near  Tarryall,  is 
preparing  to  start  to  work  on  a  1500-foot 
tunnel. 

SAN  JUAN   COUNTY. 

Preliminary  work  has  been  started  on 
the  Stony  Pass  M.  Co.'s  group,  in  Stony 
Pass  section,  near  Silverton. 

The  Four  Metals  M.  Co  ,  which  has  a 
bond  and  lease  on  the  Lackawanna  group, 
on  Blair  mountain,  near  Silverton,  has 
cleaned  up  the  upper  workings  of  the 
mine  preparatory  to  regular  operation. 
The  Lackawanna  group  is  of  five  claims 
and  contains  low-grade  silver-lead  ore. 

The  Sturgeon  &  Gordon  lease  on  the 
Spotted  Pup  mine,  near  Silverton,  having 
expirpd,  operations  will  be  continued  by 
the  Contention  M.  Co.,  owners.  The  ore 
streak  is  20  inches  wide  of  high-grade  gray 
copper  ore.  The  Contention  Co.  will  re- 
sume work  on  all  of  the  claims  of  the 
North  Star  group. 

The  Kendrick  &  Gelder  Smelting  Co., 
the  Oliver  Reduction  Co.  and  the  Para- 
dox Copper-Gold  M.  Co.  have  been  con- 
solidated at  Denver  as  the  San  Juan  S.  & 
R.  Co.  It  is  proposed  to  build  the  tram- 
way and  additional  reduction  works.  In- 
cluded in  the  properties  of  the  San  Juan 
Co.  are  three  groups,  one  of  thirty-four 
claims  in  Prospect  basin,  one  of  seven 
claims  in  Picayune  gulch,  one  of  four 
claims  in  Burroughs  park,  and  the  group 
of  six  claims  at  Silverton.  In  addition 
there  is  the  Henrietta  tunnel  site.  The 
smelter  is  of  150  tons  dally  capacity,  and 
is  on  the  Silverton  group.  F.  C.  Ken- 
drick is  general  manager. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  G  Land  of  the  Keystone 
Hydraulic  M.  Co.,  operating  near  Tellu- 
ride,  says  he  has  twenty  men  at  work  on 
eight-hour  shifts.  Another  giant  will  be 
put  in.  Electric  lights  have  been  placed 
about  the  gravel  pit  and  other  workings. 
Sluicing  wSl  continue  as  long  as  the  water 
holds  out. 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

The    JEtna    and    Vesuvius    mines,    on 
Fletcher  mountain,  near  Kokomo,  will  be 
started   up,   says   Manager  V.   E.   Myer. 
Both  properties  have  gold  quartz. 
TELLER  COUNTY. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Times  says,  consid- 
ering the  time  lost  on  account  of  rainy 
weather  during  the  month  and  the  tem- 
porary closedowns  in  many  of  the  mines, 
the  tonnage  of  the  district  for  June  waB 
higher  in  proportion  than  May  : 

Tons.   Total  Value: 

Smelters 12,000        $720,000 

U.  S.  R.  &  R.  Co 20,000  500,000 

Telluride 5,100         153,000 

Economic 3,800  83,600 

Portland 7,000  210,000 

Dorcas 2,900  94,250 

Globe 400  1,600 

Gillett 450  1,237 

Totals .'...51,650  $1,763,687 

The  leasing  of  the  Stratton  estate,  com- 
pletion of  the  drainage  tunnel,  the  tax 
decision  and  the  geological  survey  are  ex- 
pected to  influence  important  increases  in 
the  output  of  the  district. 

The  Empire  State  Con.  M.  Co.  is  re- 
ported closed  down.  The  company  owns 
the  groups  formerly  owned  by  the  Arrow 
G.  M.  Co.  and  Orphan  G.  M.  Co.,  in  all 
twenty  acres  on  Bull  hill,  Cripple  Creek. 
N.  B.  Williams  is  president. 

A  complete  cyanide  mill  is  being  built 
on  the  ground  of  the  Doctor  -  Jack  Pot 
Co.,  on  Raven  hill,  Cripple  Creek,  that 
will  treat  the  low  -  grade  oxidized  rock 
hoisted  through  the  Ingham  incline 
shaft.  The  operators  are  Oastler,  Tom- 
linson  and  Pender  brothers.  The  mill 
will  have  a  capacity  of  thirty  tons  per 
day. 

The  Tunnel  M.  &  L.  Co.,  which  secured 
the  first  lease  granted  by  the  Stratton's 
Cripple  Creek  M.  &  D.  Co.,  are  putting  in 
additional  machinery  at  the  Abe  Lincoln 
mine,  up  Poverty  gulch,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  says  Superintendent  W.  Swanson. 


Sinking  the  shaft  another  100  feet  has 
started.  While  they  are  required  to  Bink 
at  least  100  feet,  they  are  not  restricted  as 
to  depth,  and  can  sink  to  and  mine  ore  at 
any  depth.  Five  other  leases  have  been 
granted,  says  Manager  W.  G.  Rice,  cover- 
ing portions  of  the  Pauper,  Monitor, 
Midget,  Silver  State  and  Colorado  King 
claims,  on  Gold  and  Globe  hills.  W.  G. 
Morse,  M.  Welch  and  A.  C.  Mansfield  of 
Cripple  Creek,  on  blocks  No.  85  and  No. 
89,  will  put  in  development  machinery. 

Manager  W.  E.  Lloyd  of  the  Sioux  Falls 
&  Cripple  Creek  M.  &  Dev.  Co.,  says 
preparations  are  being  made  to  put  up  a 
cyanide  mill  on  Spring  creek  at  the  foot  of 
Copper  mountain,  near  Cripple  Creek  and 
below  the  Fluorine  mine,  operated  by  the 
company. 

The  Mollie  Kathleen  mine,  adjoining 
the  Gold  King  on  Womack  hill,  near 
Cripple  Creek,  has  been  bonded  and  leased 
for  $75,000  to  the  Creston  Big  8  M.  Co.,  of 
which  H.  C.  Boll  is  manager.  The  Mollie 
Kathleen  is  developed  by  a  two-compart- 
ment shaft  710  feet  in  depth. 

Diamond  drills  have  prospected  the 
ground  of  the  St.  Patrick  M.  Co.  at  Vic- 
tor, and  a  drift  is  being  run  north  on  a 
vein  at  a  depth  of  500  feet.  The  St.  Pat- 
rick mine  is  owned  by  Clark  &  Co.  of 
Scotland. 

IDAHO. 

BLAINE    COUNTY. 

Superintendent  F.  S.  Adams  of  the 
Rosetta  M.  Co.,  operating  on  Little 
Smoky  river,  35  miles  from  Hailey,  says 
he  has  fifty  men  at  work.  Their  sawmill 
is  cutting  lumber  for  a  mill,  bunkhouse 
and  other  buildings.  A  laboratory  will 
be  put  up,  and  also  a  20-stamp  mill.  Ten 
stamps  are  being  set  up  to  start  with. 
The  Rosetta  Co.,  operating  the  Williams 
group  of  claims,  near  Hailey,  has  com- 
pleted a  road  up  Williams  gulch  to  the 
millsite. 

Manager  M.  H.  Lipman  says  work  on 
the  tunnel  to  tap  the  Bullion  series  of 
veins,  near  Hailey,  will  go  ahead.  Power 
drills  will  be  used. 

BOISE    COUNTY. 

A.  C.  Gallupe,  manager  of  the  Golden 
Rod  M.  Co.,  operating  on  Mineral  hill, 
near  Placerville,  says  the  development 
eon6ists  of  a  shaft  130  feet  deep  on  the 
Don  Carlos,  adjoining  the  Mineral  Hill 
claim.  A  tunnel  driven  in  on  the  Mineral 
Hill  1 100  feet  is  within  20  feet  of  the  shaft, 
though  64  feet  below  it.  Connections  will 
be  completed  this  month.  The  5-stamp 
mill  has  been  overhauled  and  is  again  in 
operation.  It  will  be  Increased  this  sea- 
son to  twenty  stamps.  C.  M.  Corns  is 
superintendent. 

IDAHO   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence) — The  Jumbo 
mine  shipped  out  from  Buffalo  Hump  laBt 
week  $5000  in  bullion  as  the  result  of 
twenty-five  days  run  with  their  4-stamp 
mill.  The  ore  bodies  on  No.  3  level,  515 
feet  depth,  are  reported  improving.  The 
additional  10-stamp  mill  is  being  set  up, 
and  is  expected  to  be  in  operation  by  July 
15th. 

The  Cracker  Jack  mill  capacity  at  Buf- 
falo Hump  is  being  increased.  The  mor- 
tar and  additional  five  stamps  are  on  the 
ground,  having  been  shipped  in  via 
Stites,  the  railroad  terminus. 

Moose  Creek  Placers  Co.,  at  Newsome, 
has  made  its  third  partial  cleanup  in 
thirty  days,  yielding  $6000  from  this 
ground  in  that  time.  Returns  from  the 
U.  S.  Assay  Office  at  Boise  gave  the  fine- 
ness of  the  two  former  cleanups  at  940 
and  937J.  It  is  proposed  to  increase  their 
equipment  and  extend  their  ditches.  C. 
P.  Richardson  of  Newsome  is  president 
and  manager. 

Lewiston,  July  6. 

The  Rainbow  G.  M.  Co.  haB  been  incor- 
porated to  operate  the  Harrisburg  group 
of  three  claims  in  Thunder  Mountain  dis- 
trict, near  Roosevelt.     R.  F.  Agnew,  W. 

F.  Lybrook,  T.  C.  Downing,  A.  C.  Bux- 
ton and  E.  M.  Evarts   of  Michigan,  with 

G.  Wertz  of  Boise,  who  is  manager.  The 
three  claims  taken  over  by  the  company 
are  on  Rainbow  mountain  and  near  the 
Fairview.  Operations  have  begun.  A 
contract  has  been  let  to  drive  a  crosscut 
tunnel  of  300  feet.  It  is  expected  the 
ledge  will  be  struck  at  depth  of  150  feet. 
It  is  intended  to  put  in  a  20-stamp  mill 
this  fall,  which  will  be  built  2000  feet  from 
the  mine,  and  an  aerial  tramway  trans- 
port the  ore  from  the  mine  to  the  mill. 

Work  has  resumed  on  the  Big  Buffalo 
group  in  Hump  district,  says  C.  Sweeny 
of  the  Buffalo  Hump  M.  Co.  Experiments 
will  be  made  with  a  cyanide  process  to 
handle  the  ores.  For  the  present  work 
will  be  on  the  tailings,  and  if  the  system  is 
successful  with  them  it  will  be  used  to 
treat  the  raw  ores.  There  is  a  stamp  mill 
already  up.  They  will  drive  a  drift  from 
the  Oro  Fino  ground  4000  feet  along  the 
vein,  which  will  give  a  depth  of  500  feet. 
LEMHI     COUNTY. 

C.  G.  Reiter  and  F.  R.  Abbey  of  New 
York  and  C.  Wright  of  Salmon  City  have 


July  11,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


29 


a  bond  on  the  Haidee  mine,  near  Lees- 
burg,  and  will  start  development  work. 
This  group  consists  of  five  full  claims. 
The  vein  is  10  feet  wide,  with  values  in 
gold  and  silver. 

The  coal  discovery  made  near  Salmon 
City  is  being  developed  by  F.  M.  Pollard, 
the  owner,  who  reports  having  13  feet  of 
merchantable  coal  in  two  veins,  with  a 
stratum  of  16  inches  of  shale  between. 

The  Edmund  group  of  mines  on  Little 
Deer  creek,  near  Blackbird,  has  been  sold 
to  the  Edmund  Quartz  M.  Co.  of  New 
York  and  Boston  men.  The  Edmund 
mines  consist  of  four  quartz  claims  and 
160  acres  of  placer  ground.  There  are  500 
feet  of  tunnels  driven,  showing  a  6-foot 
vein  of  free-milling  gold  ore.  A  new  tun- 
nel has  been  started  which  will  cut  the 
ore  100  feet  deeper  than  the  present  work- 
ings, and  machinery  for  both  extraction 
and  treatment  will  be  nut  in. 

LEMHI   CODNTY. 

R.  L.  Edwards,  manager  of  the  Kittle 
Burton  G.  M.  Co.,  says  work  on  the 
Uly.-ses  mine  at  Ulysses  is  progressing, 
and  they  will  put  In  fifteen  additional 
stamps  at  their  mill,  which  will  give  the 
mill  a  total  of  thirty  stamps,  which  will 
handle  ninety  tons  dally.  Grading  for  the 
addition  to  the  mill  has  begun. 
SHOSHONE    CODNTY. 

The  owners  of  the  Golden  Chest  mill, 
near  Murray,  propose  to  build  an  entirely 
new  mill,  which  will  have  fifty  stamps, 
and  a  cyanide  plant.  They  now  have 
twenty  stamps. 

The  Beartop  silver-lead  group  was  sold 
last  week,  including  the  Simmons  placer 
and  water  rights,  to  G.  E.  Myers,  C.  C. 
Groesbeck  and  E.  Brucker  of  Toledo,  O  , 
for  $250,000. 

The  International  Mines,  Ltd.,  has  been 
incorporated  by  J.  White,  J.  L.  Clark, 
E.  S.  Wyman,  W.  Graham  and  M.  Baum- 
gartner  of  Burke  to  operate  a  group  near 
the  Hercules  mine,  above  Burke. 

WASHINGTON  COUNTY. 
The  Short's  Bar  placers,  1  mile  above 
the  mouth  of  the  Little  Salmon  river, 
near  Weiser,  have  been  sold  to  the  Pitts- 
burg M.  Co  for  812,000.  Hydraulic  equip- 
ments will  be  put  in  and  a  ditch  built  to 
bring  1000  inches  of  water  to  the  ground. 
Two  giants  will  be  operated. 

INDIANA. 

The  Central  Oil  Co.  of  Boston,  Mass., 
has  sold  some  of  its  oil  leases  in  Madison 
and  Delaware  counties  to  the  Ohio  Oil  Co., 
including  140  wellB  on  the  basis  of  $1000 
per  barrel  capacity.  The  deal  as  a  whole 
aggregated  $300,000. 

KANSAS. 

NEOSHO  COUNTY. 
A  zinc  smelter  company  has  been  incor- 
porated to  build  a  plant  at  Chanute.     H. 
Hess  and   J.   Rauer,   of  St.   Louis,   Mo., 
with  P.  W.  Stuecke,  of  Girard,  Kan. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  Champion  mine,  near  Painesdale, 
has  its  fourth  head  running  as  regularly 
as  rock  can  be  furnished  it  by  the  mine. 
It  is  impossible  for  the  mine  to  make  a  full 
showing  In  rock  output  until  the  100-drill 
air  compressor  is  completed,  says  the 
News. 

The  Osceola  mine,  near  Calumet,  for  the 
first  half  of  1903  produced  7,000,000  pounds 
of  refined  copper.  The  average  price  re- 
ceived for  the  first  five  months  was  13| 
cents;  and  the  June  average  has  been  14J 
cents.  The  entire  cost  of  mining,  milling, 
smelting  and  marketing  is  reported  at  9J 
cents  per  pound.  Seven  heads  will  be 
kept  running  steadily,  and  daily  rock 
shipments  average  3500  tons. 

The  hoist  for  Baltic  shaft  No.  4,  near 
Houghton,  is  being  set  up  and  is  expected 
to  be  ready  to  go  into  commission  next 


The  output  of  the  Qulncy  mine  at  Han- 
cock for  June  was  1902J  tons  of  copper. 

The  Winona  mine  at  Winona  for  June 
produced  eighty-four  and  one-half  tons  of 
copper;  total  output  since  production  be- 
gan in  January,  1,007,000  pounds. 

The  News  says,  the  Atlantic  mill,  near 
Houghton,  stamped  on  June  30  Atlantic 
rock  yielding  30,300  pounds  of  copper. 
This  is  the  heaviest  yield  for  a  single  day 
since  the  mill  has  been  running,  the  usual 
number  of  stamps  being  dropped. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY 
Machinery  for  the  hoist  at  No.  4  shaft 
of  the  Mohawk  mine,  near  Allouez,  is  being 
set  up.  The  hoist  has  a  capacity  to  depth 
of  4000  feet  and  is  a  duplicate  of  the  hoist 
being  put  In  at  No.  4  shaft  of  the  Baltic. 

The  drain  Bhaft  at  the  Allouez  mine, 
near  Allouez,  In  sinking  for  the  Kearsarge 
lode,  Btruck  the  ledge  at  depth  of  41  feet. 
The  work  of  sinking  the  main  Bhaft  was 
discontinued  temporarily  on  account  of  a 
rush  of  sand  and  water,  until  thiB  drain 
shaft  alongside  of  it  could  be  sunk  to  the 


ledge  through  the  quicksand.     Sinking  of 
the  main  shaft  has  resumed. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 
It  Is   reported   at   Mass  City  the  Mass 
mine  management  Is  decreasing  the  num- 
ber of  drills  In  use  and  also  the  number  of 
men  at  work. 

MISSOURI 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

The  Seven  Devils  M.  Co.,  operating  In 
South  Carthage  camp,  started  a  shaft  last 
week  for  a  knonn  bed  of  ore  at  the  70- foot 
level  and  Btruck  good  ore  at  6  feet.  The 
company  has  heretofore  taken  out  ore  at 
the  25  and  40-foot  levels. 

The  Bald  Eagle  mine,  on  the  Plutocrat 
lease,  southeast  of  Webb  City,  has  been 
sold  to  W.  McCulley  of  Macon,  Mo.,  for 
$15,000. 

The  Par  Value  Zinc  and  Lead  Co.  have 
taken  over  the  Read  lease  of  six  lots,  near 
Duen  weg,  under  the  supervision  of  J.  G. 
Dinkelbihler.  Cincinnati,  O.,  men  are  in- 
terested. Prospecting  will  be  started  at 
the  shaft,  formerly  known  as  the  Big  20 
of  Carthage.  A  50  H.  P.  plant  is  being 
built. 

LEWIS  COUNTY. 

At  the  Bunker  Hill  mine  at  Bunker 
Hill,  owned  by  A.  Hardy  of  Webb  City, 
the  mills  are  bring  repaired.  A  new  shaft 
will  be  sunk  on  seven  more  lots  of  the 
same  tract. 

NEWTON  COUNTY. 
The  Mears  M.  Co.,  who  hold  a  lease  on 
N.  J.  Parrot's  land,   2  miles   southeast  of 
Granby,   report   a  strike  last   week,    the 
drill  cutting  into  ore  at  220  feet. 

MONTANA. 

The  metal  output  for  Montana  for  1902, 
as  shown  by  the  annual  report  of  the  di- 
rector of  the  mint,  just  issued  by  B.  H. 
Tatem,  assayer  in  charge  of  the  United 
States  assay  office,  in  Helena,  was  $46,961,- 
167,  a  decrease  of  22%  from  1901.  The 
decrease  was  due  to  lower  prices  for  cop- 
per and  lead.  The  production  for  1902 
was  as  follows:  Gold,  $4,400,095;  silver, 
$16.622  285;  copper,  $24,606,038;  lead, 
$332,747.  Tatem's  report  showB  that  the 
copper  ores  of  Butte  carry  more  gold  than 
formerly. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 

The  Judith  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated by  A.  Hayden,  A.  P.  Pendleton 
and  A.  W.  Bulkley  of  Chicago,  111.  Lew- 
iston  will  be  the  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness. The  company  owns  the  Judith  mine 
near  Lewiston. 

GRANITE  COUNTY. 

In  Antelope  district,  near  Phillipsburg, 
work  is  again  under  way  on  the  Mountain 
Ram  group  of  mines,  owned  by  J.  A.  Mur- 
ray and  S.  P.  King  of  Butte.  J.  Dixon  is 
superintendent.  The  Mountain  Ram 
group  (the  Antelope)  ib  a  gold  property. 
It  is  proposed  to  put  up  a  cyanide  mill. 

JEFFERSON   COUNTY. 

Mulvahill  &  Ely,  lessees  of  the  Daly 
group  at  Wickes,  are  shipping  three  cars 
a  week  of  high-grade  ore  and  have  several 
hundred  tons  of  Becond-class  ore  on  the 
dump.  Their  mill,  having  been  enlarged 
to  100  tons  a  day,  resumed  laBt  week. 

J.  H.  McCabe  has  Bixteen  men  at  work 
on  his  group  near  Corbin,  and  will  sink 
two  shafts  500  feet  to  develop  bodies  of 
copper  ore.  He  haB  located  fifty  claims  in 
the  Corbin-Wicks  district. 

MADISON   COUNTY. 

The  Little  Kid  mine,  near  Norrls,  has 
been  bonded  by  Jardlne  and  Livingston 
men.  There  is  a  10-stamp  mill,  a  20-ton 
Bryan  mill  and  sawmill  on  the  property, 
and  it  is  intended  to  build  a  100-ton  con- 
centrator. Negotiations  are  reported  in 
progreas  for  a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Sag- 
inaw. 

S.  Newhouse  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
controlling  the  Revenue  group  of  mines 
at  Norris,  says  he  will  build  a  cyanide 
plant  of  100  tons  daily  capacity.  J.  Ded- 
erichs  is  superintendent.  In  addition  to 
the  milling  ore,  they  have  some  ore  which 
is  shipped  direct  to  the  smelter. 

Manager  C.  E.  Damours  of  Virginia  City 
says  the  Damours  M.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized to  develop  the  Bryson-DamourB 
group  of  claims  in  Summit  district,  near 
the  head  of  Alder  gulch,  near  Virginia 
City. 

One  mile  above  Pony,  in  Pony  gulch, 
the  Zenith  M.  Co.  of  Butte,  J.  Hilchen 
president,  is  operating  the  Big  Timber 
mine,  with  P.  A.  Gamer  manager.  The 
mine  iB  being  developed  by  a  tunnel. 

C.  T.  Wiedman  has  a  lease  on  the  Ore- 
gon mine,  near  Pony.  It  is  intended  to 
put  a  5-stamp  mill  on  the  mine,  work  to 
begin  this  month. 

The  No.  2  dredger  of  the  Conrey  Placer 
Co.,  near  Ruby,  Is  in  operation. 
RAVALLI  COUNTY. 

The  Boulder  Creek  Hydraulic  M.  Co. 
have  been  hauling  in  lumber  and  supplies 
to  their  diggings  near  Hamilton.  They 
are  putting  in  a  sawmill   and   engine  and 


will  cut  their  own  lumber  for  flumes  and 
buildings.  Boulder  creek  is  south  of 
Hamilton  across  the  range  east  of  the 
Orr-Kendall  mine.  The  company  have  3 
miles  of  the  main  creek  and  3  miles  of  side 
gulches.  A.  Koehler  is  superintendent. 
The  company  expect  to  finish  the  hydrau- 
lic plant  this  season  In  time  for  a  full  run 
next  year. 

SILVER  BOW   COUNTY. 

Improvements  are  being  made  at  the 
Butte  Reduction  Work6,  owned  by  W.  A. 
Clark  at.  Butte,  the  most  important  of 
which  will  be  a  copper  refinery.  The  re- 
finery will  occupy  the  site  formerly  cov- 
ered by  the  timber-framing  plant.  Adja- 
cent property  has  also  been  bought. 

The  Reins  C.  Co.,  composed  of  Butte 
and  Pittsburg,  Pa,,  men,  operating  the 
Combination  mine  at  Butte,  have  started 
to  sink  the  main  shaft  another  500  feet, 
which  will  make  the  shaft  1000  feet  deep. 

It  is  reported  W.  A.  Clark  will  reopen 
the  Black  Rock  mine  of  Butte  after  a 
lapse  of  fourteen  years.  It  is  proposed  to 
sink  a  shaft  to  1000  feet  depth  in  hope  of 
uncovering  a  copper  deposit.  In  former 
years  the  Black  Rock  was  a  silver  mine. 

The  Nipper  mines  case,  a  suit  involving 
a  portion  of  the  Nipper  lode,  near  Butte, 
has  been  called  for  trial. 

NEVADA. 

CHURCHILL  COUNTY. 

The  Territorial  Enterprise  says  a  min- 
ing rush  has  taken  place  to  Pedro  City, 
12  miles  southeast  of  Pairvlew  and  6  miles 
east  of  Eagleville.  The  ledges  have  been 
traced  for  some  distance  at  Burface  and 
locations  staked  off.  There  are  Baid  to  be 
twelve  ledges  running  parallel  with  each 
other,  covering  1200  feet  in  width,  and  two 
of  the  ledges  are  40  feet  wide,  the  others 
averaging  from  1  to  10  feet.  Gold,  copper 
and  silver  values  are  found.  It  is  in  a 
rugged  country,  barren  of  timber  and 
vegetation,  and  the  nearest  water  a  dis- 
tance of  8  miles. 

ESMERALDA  COUNTY. 

The  Tonopah-South  Gold  Mountain  M. 
Co.  has  been  incorporated  to  operate  in 
Gold  Mountain  district,  4 J  miles  south- 
west of  Tonopah;  D  WilBOn,  J.  T.  Po- 
garty,  E.  Loessel,  T.  R.  Bannerman,  C.  A. 
Clinton,  A.  J.  Martin,  C.  T.  Grimes  and 
J.  S.  Bannerman  are  directors.  The  com- 
pany owns  fifteen  claims  extending  south- 
easterly from  the  Milbrae  Co.  's  claims. 

C.  H.  Elliott  haB  bonded  the  Mary  mine 
at  Silver  Peak  for  $75,000  for  Salt  Lake 
parties.  The  property  consists  of  one 
mineral  claim  and  a  tunnel  site,  equipped 
with  a  10-stamp  mill  and  cyanide  plant. 
LANDER  COUNTY. 

The  New  Pass  M.  Co.  are  putting  in  a 
pipe  line  and  will  build  a  stamp  mill,  says 
Manager  W.  Snyder  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah.  The  ore  averages  $10  per  ton  In 
gold. 

LYON  COUNTY. 
The  company  operating  the  North 
Rapidan  mine,  at  Como,  has  authorized 
Manager  E.  Boyle  to  accede  to  the  de- 
mands of  the  Lyon  County  Miners'  Union 
to  increase  the  pay  to  $4  for  an  eight- hour 
day,  and  driving  the  drain  tunnel  was  re- 
sumed this  week,  says  the  Enterprise. 

NYE  COUNTY. 

G.  Wingfield,  J.  P.  Hennessy  and  A. 
Thompson  have  a  bond  on  the  Workman 
group  of  mines  at  Cloverdale,  50  miles 
northeast  of  Tonopah,  for  $30,000.  The 
pay  shoot  iB  15  inches  wide  in  an  11-foot 
ledge  and  carries  an  average  of  $50  a  ton 
in  values.  A  shaft  will  be  sunk,  sayB  Su- 
perintendent Thompson. 

Wingfield  &  Hennessy,  with  J.  A. 
Melth,  have  bought  a  group  of  claims  at 
Lone  Mountain,  near  Tonopah. 

P.  B.  Work,  superintendent  of  the  New- 
house  properties  at  Hannapah,  reports 
machinery  on  the  ground,  including  a 
pump  having  a  capacity  of  fifty  gallons  a 
minute,  to  handle  the  water  struck  on  the 
250-foot  level.  The  south  crosscut  from 
the  250-foot  level  is  In  55  feet  and  has  cut 
the  foot  wall  of  the  vein. 

U.  B.  and  G.  H.  Curtis  have  bought  a 
group  of  seven  claims  at  Lone  Mountain, 
near  Tonopah,  between  the  O'Meara- 
Lynch  and  the  Tonopah  Alpine  groups, 
and  have  incorporated  the  Alpine-Eagle 
M.  Co. 

The  Tonopah-Ray  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated by  L.  O.  Ray,  C.  H.  Ham- 
mond, J.  S.  Cook  and  A.  Kunze,  the  last 
named  being  general  manager.  The  prop- 
erty of  the  company  embraces  eight 
claims  at  Ray;  the  main  office  is  in  Chi- 
cago, 111.  Work  has  been  begun  on  the 
Enterprise  claim,  which  shows  5  feet  of 
ore. 

T.  S.  Ford  of  Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  has 
bought  five  claims  at  Lone  Mountain 
known  as  the  Battleax  group,  which  ad- 
joins the  Lone  Star  group  on  the  west. 

The  Tonopah-Belcher  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  by  J.  C.  Gladden,  P.  H.  La- 
thrap,  C.  E.  Hudson  and  J.  W.  Briggs,  to 
operate  the    General  Thomas   group   at 


Lone  Mountain,  near  Tonopah.  On  the 
General  Thomas  claim,  at  depth  of  60  feet, 
a  4J-foot  ledge  has  been  opened  up. 

Reno  men  have  bought  a  group  of 
claims  adjoining  the  Alabama-Tonopah 
and   organized  the  Esmeralda  M.  Co.  to 

work  the  property. The  Tonopah-Eu- 

reka  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  has  been  incorporated 
to  work  a  group  of  five  claims  east  of  the 
Tonopah-Great  Western.  L.  L.  Mushett 
is  president  and  J.  Galinger  secretary. 

The  Belmont  and  Minta  groups  of  five 
claims,  which  adjoin  the  King-Tonopah 
mine  on  the  north,  near  Tonopah,  have 
been  sold  and  the  Utah-Tonopah  M.  Co. 
has  been  incorporated  to  work  them; 
J.  L.  Butler,  G.  A.  Whlteford,  A.  P. 
Davis,  S.  Garrison,  F.  L.  Van  Duzer  and 
H.  C.  Marcus.  The  head  office  will  be  In 
Tonopah. 

The  Lone  Mountain  Syndicate  has  been 
organized  to  work  a  group  of  seven 
claims  on  the  western  slope  of  Lone 
mountain,  2  miles  south  of  Barrel 
Springs,  near  Tonopah.  There  are  two 
ledges,  bearing  values  In  lead,  silver  and 
gold.  R.  P.  Dunlap,  W.  J.  Douglass,  W. 
H.  Foster,  P.  Thorn,  T.  G.  Elgle,  H. 
Fletcher  and  W.  J.  Stoneham  are  incor- 
porators. They  claim  the  ore  can  be 
hauled  to  Candelarla  for  $8  per  ton. 
STOREY  COUNTY. 

The  shaft  of  the  hoisting  engine  at  the 
St.  Lawrence  mine  in  Butte  City,  near 
Virginia  City,  was  broken  last  week  and 
the  miners  have  been  laid  off  for  six  weeks. 

Repairs  to  the  hoisting  engine  at  the 
main  shaft  of  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia 
mine  at  Virginia  City  were  completed  and 
operations  resumed  this  week.  The  su- 
perintendents' report  for  the  week  ending 
July  4  show:  At  the  Hale  &  Norcross  the 
tunnel  was  advanced  13  feet;  total  length, 
3742;  formation,  diorite,  with  slight  seep- 
age of  water.  In  the  Sierra  Nevada,  at 
the  S.  N.,  M.  &  Union  shaft,  1600-foot 
level,  the  north  lateral  drift,  started  from 
the  joint  weBt  crosscut,  was  advanced  5 
feet  through  porphyry  and  clay;  total 
length,  222  feet.  The  joint  SierraNevada 
and  Union  east  drift  from  the  station  ad- 
vanced 5  feet  through  hard  porphyry; 
total  length,  607  feet.  At  the  Union  Con. 
1600-foot  level,  the  west  crosscut  Btarted 
at  the  south  lateral  drift,  200  feet  from  the 
joint  west  crosscut,  has  been  advanced  6 
feet  through  porphyry;  total  length,  103 
feet. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

At  Olinghouse,  near  Wadsworth,  W. 
Port,  C.  C.  Howell  and  D,  R.  Wilkerson 
are  sinking  a  shaft  on  the  Gus,  one  of  the 
group  they  have  under  lease  and  bond. 
J.  C.  Effrick  and  R.  Nelson  have  a  lease 
on  the  No.  1  mine,  owned  by  Short  Bros. 

J.  Sparks,  principal  owner,  says  sinking 
on  the  Wedekind  group,  near  Reno,  will 
be  resumed  and  go  down  to  500  feet.  The 
shaft  is  190  feet  deep. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

BERNALILLO  COUNTY. 
R  L.  Baca  of  Santa  Fe  reports  locating 
a  group  of  claims  in  the  Sandia  moun- 
tains, 7  miles  from  Bernalillo,  which  show 
values  in  iron  and  copper  ore.  He  has 
begun  development  work. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

The  smelting  plant  of  the  Silver  City  R. 
Works  Co.,  south  of  Silver  City,  was 
totally  destroyed  by  fire  on  the  2d  inst. 
It  is  supposed  the  fire  started  from  a  spark 
from  an  engine.  The  plant  was  valued  at 
$100,000,  with  $15,000  insurance.  It  was 
owned  by  the  Hearst  estate. 

In  Shakespeare  district  a  50  H.  P.  steam 
hoist  is  being  put  in  at  the  Dacotah  Pearl 
mine,  owned  by  the  Michigan-New  Mexico 
C.  Co.  of  Lordsburg.  The  shaft  is  down 
120  feet  and  the  company  proposes  sinking 
to  500  feet  and  then  putting  in  a  fifty-ton 
leaching  and  cyanide  plant.  Work  in 
Chloride  Flat  district,  2  miles  from  Silver 
City,  was  started  last  week.  A.  G.  Witzel 
has  leased  the  Baltic  mine  and  started 
work,  with  N.  Fisher  as  superintendent. 
J.  R.  Brent  and  J.  A.  Card  have  a  lease 
on  the  '76  and  the  Bremen  group.  Near 
Pinos  Altos,  at  the  Mountain  Key  mine, 
W.  C.  Chandler,  owner,  has  fifteen  men  at 
work  on  the  700-foot  level,  drifting  and 
stoping,  and  some  high  grade  ore  has  been 
blocked  out.  The  ore  is  a  sulphide,  car- 
rying   gold,    silver    and    copper. The 

Shamrock  G.  &  S.  Co.  has  a  lease  on  the 
Pacific  mine,  owned  by  the  Hearst  estate. 
The  wagon  road  between  the  mine  and 
the  smelter  has  been  repaired.  The  com- 
pany haB  put  in  a  sixty-ton  furnace. 
Development  work  in  the  Silver  Cells 
mines  is  going  ahead. 

The  Santa  Rita  M.  Co.  at  Santa  Rita 
report  making  a  steady  output  of  500,000 
pounds  of  refined  copper  per  month. 
They  are  crushing  150  tons  of  ore  per  day 
and  the  capacity  of  the  mill  will  be  in- 
creased. 

SOCORRO  COUNTY. 

Manager  J.  M.  Bryson  has  bought  for 
the  Dividend  M.  &  S.  Co.  the  copper 
mines  at  Estey.     This   group  carries  sul- 


30 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11,1903. 


phide  ores.  The  company  will  build  a 
500-ton  concentrator  and  make  other  im- 
provements. 

OREGON. 

BAKER    COUNTY. 

Platinum  has  been  found  in  the  Ruby 
vein  of  the  Standard  mine,  near  Sumpter, 
says  E.  W.  Mueller,  manager. 

The  McKinley  and  Roosevelt  group,  in 
Cable  Cove  district,  near  Sumpter,  owned 
by  the  Advance  M.  Co.,  will  begin  opera- 
'-ns  thiB  month.  There  is  a  54  foot  shaft 
on  the  ledge,  with  the  vein  showing  7 
feet  between  the  walls,  with  4  feet  of  free 
milling  ore  running  $15  per  ton. 

H.  D.  Nelson,  superintendent  of  the 
Alpine  mine,  near  Sumpter,  says  machin- 
ery for  the  stamp  and  saw  mill  is  on  the 
ground.  The  saw  mill  will  be  set  up  first 
to  cut  timber  for  the  buildings  to  be 
erected. 

President  J.  Thomson,  of  the  May  Queen 
mine,  near  Sumpter,  says  he  has  doubled 
his  working  force  and  will  both  drive 
ahead  and  sink  on  the  mine.  As  soon  as 
they  get  down  50  feet  on  the  ore  shoot,  it 
is  intended  to  put  in  a  hoist  and  compres- 
sor. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

O.  C.  Wright,  president  of  the  Blue 
Bird  M.  Co.  at  Sumpter,  and  E.  C.  Allen 
of  Portland  have  bought  the  holdings  of 
the  Black  Butte  M  Co.,  which  include 
thirty  quartz  and  placer  claims  (608  acres), 
9  miles  from  the  Dixie  Butte,  in  Pox  val- 
ley. The  group  has  a  mill  on  it  with  a 
daily  capacity  of  thirty-five  tons.  Mr. 
Allen  will  have  superintendence  and  a 
hoist  with  a  capacity  of  500  feet  depth 
will  be  Bet  up,  sinking  beginning  on  the 
Black  Butte  proper.  The  company  will 
turn  Belshaw  creek  into  the  placer  reser- 
voirs, which  will  insure  an  abundance  of 
water  for  an  entire  season. 

WALLOWA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —The  Eureka 
M.  &  S.  Co.,  with  offices  at  Lewlston, 
Idaho,  and  operating  near  Snake  river,  in 
Imnaha  district,  have  put  in  operation 
their  steamer  for  transportation  of  ore 
and  supplies  between  Lewiston  and  the 
mines. 

Lewiston,  July  6. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 

The  Black  Hills-Duluth  C.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  to  operate  a  group  near  the 
limestone  range  weBt  of  Custer.  The  ores 
cirry  copper  and  sold.  T.  A.  Towner, 
W.  A.  Nelson,  P.  M.  Hanley  and  M.  J. 
Bailey,  all  of  Custer,  are  directors.  A 
diamond  drill  will  be  used  to  prospect  the 
ore  bodies.  The  property  adjoins  that  of 
the  Central  Black  Hills  C.  Co. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  the  Homestake  M.  Co.,  at 
Lead,  is  preparing  to  increase  its  milling 
capacity  by  the  erection  of  a  400-stamp 
mill.  The  company  is  dropping  all  of  its 
900  stamps  and  crushing  on  an  average 
3600  tons  of  ore  daily.  The  ore  is  amal- 
gamated and  then  submitted  to  cyanide 
treatment. 

The  Jupiter  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  resumed 
full  operations  at  its  cyanide  plant  on 
Blackball  gulch,  near  Central  City. 

The  Pennsylvania  M.  Co.,  on  Rutabaga 
gulch,  near  Deadwood  gulch,  near  Dead- 
wood,  are  putting  in  additional  machinery 
consisting  of  boiler,  air  compressor,  air 
drills,  steam  hoiBt  and  pump,  and  will  add 
several  hundred  feet  to  the  depth  of  the 

workings. The  Big  Four  M.  Co.  is  also 

building,  across  Deadwood  gulch,  from 
the  works  of  the  Pennsylvania  Co.  A 
shaft  house  is  going  up  and  the  machinery 
is  on  the  ground. 

A  cyanide  mill  will  be  erected  on  the 
Buxton-Big  Bonanza  mine,  near  Lead, 
says  J.  Lundberg  of  Clinton,  Iowa,  man- 
ager. 

The  Spearfish  G.  M.  &  R  Co.,  operat- 
ing near  Spearfish,  in  its  annual  report 
for  the  year  ended  May  1,  shows  that  54,- 
929  tons  of  dry  ore,  having  an  average 
assay  value  of  $5,285,  were  treated;  loss  in 
tails,  $1.20  (8%),  leaving  a  bullion  recovery 
of  $223,970.80,  or  an  average  recovery  of 
$4.07  (7%)  per  ton.  The  total  of  mining, 
milling  and  incidental  costs  was  $143,833.47 
($2  616  per  ton). 

R.  B.  Hughes,  manager  of  the  Cleo- 
patra Co.,  on  Squaw  creek,  10  miles  west 
of  Deadwood,  says  a  vein  30  feet  wide  has 
been  opened  up  on  the  quartzite.  The  ore 
does  not  carry  sufficient  values  to  pay  for 
mining  same,  but  it  is  believed  that 
another  shoot  will  be  found  by  sinking. 
The  company  will  put  in  an  air  compres- 
sor, air  to  be  used  instead  of  steam  for  the 
drills. 

PENNINGTON    COUNTY. 

The  Golden  West  M.  Co.  started  its 
Chilian  mill,  2  miles  west  of  Roehford, 
last  week  on  free-milling  ore  running  $4 
per  ton  from  the  Yellow  Bird  and  Benedict 
mines. 

The  Ajax  M.  Co.  is  putting  in  machinery 

fc  the  Standby  mill  at  Roehford,  and  ex- 


pect to  start  up  next  week.  It  is  intended 
to  put  in  cyanide  vats.  J.  Baker  of  Lead 
is  manager.  The  mine  is  opened  by  a 
shaft  200  feet  deep,  cut  by  a  tunnel  from 
the  level  of  the  mill.  The  mill  is  equipped 
to  run  by  water  power,  and  will  have 
steam  also. 

UTAH. 

The  annual  report  of  Assayer-  B.  H. 
Tatem,  in  charge  of  the  United  States 
assay  office  at  Helena,  Mont.,  just  issued, 
shows  the  production  of  metals  in  the 
State  of  Utah  for  1902,  valued  at  $27,882,- 
153,  being  an  increase  over  the  production 
of  1901  of  $790,443.  The  production  of  the 
leading  metals  follows  :  Gold,  $3,972,235; 
silver,  $16,391,804;  copper,  $3,015,415; 
lead,  $4,500,618. 

The  month  of  June,  in  the  ore  and  bul- 
lion market,  closed  on  settlements  aggre- 
gating $1,604,510,  these  figures  being  inde- 
pendent, however,  of  those  recorded  at 
the  independent  smelters  that  during  the 
same  period  forwarded  to  the  Eastern 
refineries  2,546,686  pounds  of  copper  car- 
rying gold  and  silver,  and  which  had  a 
valuation  of  $650,000,  says  the  Salt  Lake 
Tribune.  On  this  basis  the  output  of 
Utah  during  the  year  will  be  made  to  ex- 
ceed $25,000,000.  During  the  first  half  of 
the  year  Beveral  of  the  furnaces  have  been 
frequently  interrupted.  Notwithstanding 
thiB,  the  total  output  for  1903  to  July  1 
exceeded  $11,000,000.  The  mines  are  pre- 
pared for  a  greater  tonnage  and  there  is 
to  be  added  to  the  output  of  the  last  half 
of  the  year  1903  the  product  of  at  least 
two  smelters  that  are  being  built. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 
The  owners  of  the  Cave  mine,  near  Mil- 
ford,  will  put  in  a  pump  on   the  tunnel 
level  in  order  that  sinking  may  be  resumed 
on  the  vein. 

BOX  ELDER  COUNTY. 
The  Utah-Nevada  G.  &  C.  Co.,  with 
main  offices  at  Ogden,  has  been  incorpo- 
rated to  operate  a  group  of  five  claims  in 
Newfoundland  mining  district,  T.  Cun- 
ningham, J.  Chez,  D.  Jensen,  E.  P.  Stone, 
E.  A.  Stratford,  J.  S.  Dee  and  D.  S. 
Tracy  are  directors. 

CARBON   COUNTY. 

A.  H.  Tarbet  of  Salt  Lake  City  says  oil- 
drilling  operations  in  Dairy  Pork  canyon, 
near  Price,  will  be  continued  and  the  well 
completed. 

GRAND   COUNTY. 

The  Intermountain  Asphalt  Co.  has 
been  Incorporated  at  Salt  Lake  City  to 
operate  in  the  carboniferous  district  of 
Grand  county;  W.  H.  Innes,  N.  Forsberg, 
R.  W.  Schuttler,  T.  Schenek,  A.  G.  Ma- 
han,  R.  M.  Pope.  W.  H.  Innes  of  Boise, 
Idaho,  1b  president.  The  company  has 
bought  480  acres  of  land  near  the  head- 
waters of  Willow  creek,  where  is  a  deposit 
of  asphaltum  which  can  be  mined  at  mod- 
erate cost.  A  100-ton  refinery  will  be 
erected.  They  claim  that  the  entire  cost 
of  mining,  refining,  hauling  and  freight  to 
Boston,  Mass  ,  will  be  $17.60  a  ton,  where 
the  market  price  is  $40  a  ton. 
IRON  COUNTY. 

Development  work  will  be  increased  at 
the  Venus  mine,  near  Stateline,  and  addi- 
tional machinery  will  be  put  in. 

The  Utah  Iron  &  Coal  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated in  Colorado  by  A.  B.  Lewis  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  W.  A.  Clark  of  Montana, 
C.  C.  Parsons  of  Denver,  Colo.,  et  al,  and 
they  have  bought  an  aggregate  of  5000 
acres  of  iron  ore  land  in  Iron  county. 
They  propose  to  spend  $25,000,000  to  erect 
a  complete  steel  plant,  with  railroads  and 
other  adjuncts.  Purchases  of  coal  lands 
have  already  been  made.  The  iron  lands 
bought  are  the  Campbell  estate  and  the 
Cullen,  Ryan,  McGarry,  Corry,  McGurrin 
and  the  Duffy  holdings,  as  well  as  those  of 
the  Utah  Iron  Co.,  et  al. 

JUAB  COUNTY. 

The  Illinois  M.  Co.  has  given  an  option 
on  its  holdings  north  of  Eureka  and  ad- 
joining the  Raymond  group  to  P.  J.  West- 
cott  for  $200,000. 

It  is  reported  the  Tintic  M.  &  Dev.  Co., 
which  owns  the  Sioux-Ajax  tunnel,  near 
Eureka,  has  been  absorbed  by  a  new  in- 
corporation, the  Tintic  Co.,  which  also 
succeeds  to  the  Bingham  properties  and 
the  proposed  new  smelter,  says  the  Tintic 
Miner. 

The  shipments  of  ores  from  Tintic  dis- 
trict during  month  of  June  amounted  to 
537  carloads,  the  principal  producers  be- 
ing :  Bullion-Beck,  21  cars;  Continental- 
Eureka,  138;  Dragon  iron  mine,  91; 
Eureka  Hill,  35;  Grand  Central,  50;  Ge- 
mini, 50;  Lower  Mammoth,  38;  Star  Con., 
24;  Victor  Con.,  12;  Yankee,  26. 
PARK  COUNTY. 

E.  L.  White  of  Boston,  Mass  ,  president 
of  the  Bingham  Con.  M.  Co.  of  Bingham, 
Utah,  and  a  director  of  the  Montana  Coal 
&  Coke  Co.,  operating  at  Horr,  says  the 
No.  4  mine  has  a  vein  of  coal  5  feet  in 
width.  The  company  has  260  coke  ovens 
in  operation. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

A  group   of  claims,   12  miles   south   of 


MaryBvale,  on  Ten-mile  creek,  has  been 
sold  and  the  Mining  &  Water  Power  Co. 
incorporated,  with  J.  Patton  of  New  York 
as  president  and  R.  De  Witt  manager.  A 
tract  of  land  has  been  bought  for  water- 
right  purposes  on  which  will  be  built  an 
electric  power  plant. 

SALT  LAKE   COUNTY. 

The  Continental  M.  &  S.  Co  ,  H  M. 
Crowther  of  Salt  Lake  City  manag- 
ing director,  has  bought  the  Regu- 
lator, Grizzly,  Lavina  and  Darling- 
ton mines  at  Alta,  and  will  begin 
development  this  week.  They  contain  ore 
bodies  averaging  $25  a  ton  in  values.  In 
the  Lavina  tunnel  is  a  vein  30  feet  wide, 
sampling  15  ounces  of  silver,  0.8%  copper, 
10%  lead  and  $1  gold  ;  in  the  Upper  Griz- 
zly tunnel  a  40-foot  vein  averaging  4% 
copper,  9  ounces  of  silver  and  $1  in  gold  ; 
on  the  100-foot  level  of  the  Lavina  an  18- 
inch  vein  averaging  16%  lead,  80  ounces 
of  silver  and  .04  ounce  gold. 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

The  Park  Record  says  in  Park  City  dis- 
trict ten  shafts  have  reached  a  depth  of 
at  least  1000  feet,  six  are  down  over  1800 
feet,  and  one  is  2000  feet  deep.  There  are 
four  drain  tunnels,  the  longest  one  being 
the  Ontario  lower  tunnel,  which  is  3  miles 
in  length. 

A  compressor  has  been  put  in  at  the 
Naildriver  mine,  near  Park  City.  The 
shaft  is  down  250  feet. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 

The  Senate  M.  Co.  of  Salt  Lake  City 
has  been  incorporated  by  J.  B.  Black, 
C.  Reich  and  W.  M.  Bradley.  The  com- 
pany owns  the  Dolphin  group  and  has  an 
option  on  the  Index,  in  the  Erickson  and 
Columbia  districts. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  work  will  be  resumed  next 
week  on  the  California  mine,  near  Repub- 
lic, which  is  temporarily  closed  down. 
New  plans  for  development  are  under  con- 
sideration. 

A  survey  1b  being  made  for  a  ditch  from 
Bridge  creek  to  the  Gold  Cord  smelter 
Bite  at  Keller,  where  power  will  be  devel- 
oped for  running  the  smelter  machinery, 
an  electric  light  plant  and  a  sawmill. 

Men  are  at  work  on  the  Oversight 
group,  near  Republic,  and  the  tunnel  is 
expected  to  cut  the  ledge  by  Aug.  1  at  a 
depth  of  150  feet.  The  work  is  J  mile 
south  of  the  Belcher  lead.  The  mine  is 
owned  by  Seattle  men. 

The  Waneta  G.  M.  Co.  will  sink  a  shaft 
on  the  Oregonian  claim,  one  of  their 
group,  adjoining  the  Morning  Glory  on 
the  north. 

SNOHOMISH  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  negotiations  are  under 
way  for  the  sale  of  the  Everett  smelter, 
owned  by  J.  D.  Rockefeller,  to  a  company 
headed  by  C.  Sweeney  of  Spokane.  The 
smelter  was  built  by  Rockefeller  to  handle 
the  ores  of  the  Monte  Cristo  mines. 
STEVENS  COUNTY. 

The  I.  X.  L.  group  of  iron  properties  in 
ClugBton  district,  12  miles  east  of  Boss- 
burg,  will  be  reopened.  The  group  is 
owned  by  P.  B.  Geotter  of  Colville.  The 
ore  is  brown  oxide  of  iron  (limonite),  which 
is  said  to  average  46%  iron,  40%  silica,  2% 
alumina,  .3%  Bulphur  and  .31%  phos- 
phorus. There  is  also  some  hematite. 
The  development  work  consists  of  two 
tunnels,  a  winze  and  open  cuts. 

At  the  Walter  Scott  mine,  near  North- 
port,  developments  are  progressing  and 
additional  machinery  will  be  put  in.  The 
tunnel  will  be  continued.  G.  E.  Needy  of 
Spokane  is  president. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

PLEASANT  COUNTY. 
P.  R.  Anson  of  New  York  has  bought 
the  holdings  of  the  Octo  Oil  Co.  of  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.,  for  $350,000,  being  a  large  area 
of  shallow  sand  territory  in  St.  Mary's 
district,  and  the  Wolf  Creek  and  Chester 
Hill  districts  in  Washington  and  Morgan 
countieB,  Ohio.  Anson  secures  the  lease 
on  1500  acres  of  territory  in  which  are 
seventy-seven  producing  wells,  having  a 
net  aggregate  production  of  350  barrels  a 
day. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

CONGO  FREE  STATE. 

On  the  Tanganyika  concessions  Resident 
Engineer  Buttgenbach  at  Lukonzolwa  re- 
ports drive  at  Likasye  mine  contains  52 
kilograms  of  silver  per  metric  ton.  The 
drive  on  the  Likasye  mine  is  being  ex- 
tended in  the  copper  ore  at  depth  of  100 
feet. 

TRANSVAAL. 

The  Mlddleburg  Steam  Coal  &  Coke 
Co.,  near  Johannesburg,  has  commenced 
production. 

The  Van  Ryn  Gold  Co.,  operating  near 
Johannesburg,  have  fifty  stamps  drop- 
ping. 


AUSTRALIA. 

NEW  SOUTH  WALES. 

In  Bathurst  district  between  twenty  and 
thirty  claims  have  been  taken  up  at  the 
junction  of  St.  Anthony's  creek  with 
Winburndale  creek  on  the  Glanmire 
estate,  10  miles  from  Bathurst,  near  the 
site  of  the  former  Glanmire  gold  field. 
The  working  is  alluvial,  and .  wash  dirt 
averages  6  feet  and  sinking  from  16  to  60 
feet.  The  Prospectors'  claim  runs  8  feet 
of  wash  and  averages  from  3  to  7  dwts.  of 
gold  to  the  load.  At  the  junction  of 
Cheshire's  creek  with  Winburndale,  near 
Dumara,  numbers  of  men  are  working 
alluvial  ground  in  shallow  sinking. 

Driving  from  the  bottom  of  shaft  270 
feet  deep  in  search  of  alluvial  lead,  the 
Newstead  M.  Co.  at  Inverell  cut  a  lode  6 
feet  wide,  rich  in  tin  ore.  The  manager 
states  the  lode  appears  to  be  nearly  verti- 
cal, bearing  northeast  and  is  in  granite. 
QUEENSLAND. 

The  Bonnie  Dundee  Gold  Co.,  at  Char- 
ters Towers,  report  No  2  shaft  down  1900 
feet,  work  having  resumed  June  19th. 

VICTORIA. 

The  value  of  the  gold  won  during  the 
half  year  ending  June  1  at  the  Madame 
Berry  West  mine  at  Cres  wick  was  £16  340. 

The  New  Dampsey  G.  M.  Co.  at  Gaff- 
neys  during  the  past  half  year  won  eold 
of  value  of  £15,289,  and  expended  £2897  in 
getting  it.  In  the  northwest  slopes  thd 
reef  is  50  feet  high;  to  the  southwest  it.  is 
smaller,  but  of  better  quality.  The  stone 
crushed  totalled  1140  tons,  which  yielded 
3866  ounces,  while  tho  nineteen  tons  of 
sand  yielded  163  ounces  additional. 

WEST  AUSTRALIA. 
Lake  View  Consols  mines  near  Kalgoor- 
lie  report  May  returns  7541  tons  of  ore 
treated,  yielding  4S40  outers  fine  gold. 
Costs  for  the  month:  Stoping,  10s  lOd. 
per  ton;  ore  reduction,  ("  Diebl "  treat 
ment),  I63.  lOd.  per  ton;  general  expenses, 
3s.  3d.;  total  working  expenses,  30s.  lid  ; 
total  for  month,  £11,657.  Expenditure  on 
machinery  and  plant,  £598;  expenditure 
on  mine  development,  £3685 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  In  Slocan 
mining  division  the  American  Boy  mine 
at  Sandon  is  shipping  three  cars  of  ore 
per  week.  More  men  have  been  taken  on 
at  the  mine,  but  the  tunnels  are  still  too 
wet  to  allow  the  force  10  be  increased  as 
intended  by  Manager  McGuigan.  The 
Slocan  Star  has  resumed  shipments  after 
a  short  cessation  due  to  the  bad  condition 
of  the  wagon  road.  Machine  drills  have 
been  put  in.  A  new  ore  house  is  being 
built  at  Red  Pox  mine,  near  McGuigan. 
A  ledge  has  been  uncovered  on  the  Erin, 
near  Slocan  City,  8  feet  wide  and  exlend- 
ing  into  the  Republic  ground.  The  ore 
carries  copper,  with  100  ounces  of  silver 
per  ton. 

In  Lardeau  mining  division  a  strike  on 
the  Guinea  Gold  mine  shows  the  ore  body 
which  has  been  developed  in  the  upper 
workings  at  a  vertical  depth  of  200  feet. 
The  ore  will  net  $103  per  ton  in  all  values. 
The  Horse  Shoe  mine  at  Trout  Lake  has 
been  sold  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  parties, 
says  G.  W.  Stead,  manager  of  the  Ethel 
and  Lucky  Boy  mines,  for  $16,000.  A 
strike  of  4  feet  of  shipping  ore  was  made 
on  the  Lucky  Boy  last  week,  showing 
gray  copper  and  carbonates,  wiih  silver 
values.  The  Oyster-Criterion  dam  is  fin- 
ished and  the  flume  is  being  built.  Grad- 
ing for  the  compressor  plant  and  stamp 
mill  is  under  way.  At  the  Eva  a  contract 
has  been  let  for  clearing  the  tram  line  and 
work  on  the  dam  was  started  last  week. 
Grading  of  stamp  mill  site  is  completed. 

Nelson,  July  5. 

When  the  coal  miners  at  Ladysmith 
and  Cumberland  requested  Dunsmuir  to 
allow  them  to  return  to  work  last  week 
they  were  asked  to  sign  a  contract,  which 
they  refused  to  do  Dunsmuir  says  that 
unless  the  Ladysmith  strikers  accept  his 
proposal  and  go  hack  to  work  the  Exten- 
sion collieries  will  be  reopened  and  worked 
by  Asiatics  and  non-union  men.  The  lat- 
est reports  say  that  the  Cumberland  min- 
ers are  still  out  and  intend  staying  out. 
The  mines,  however,  since  the  inception 
of  the  trouble  have  been  worked  by  Asiat- 
ics exclusively,  1000  men  being  used.  The 
Government  intends  to  enforce  the  law 
passed  at  the  last  session  of  Parliament, 
which  excludes  the  Chinese  from  the  col- 
lieries, and  accordingly  the  inspector  of 
mine3  will  leave  for  Cumberland  next 
week  to  investigate  and  put  them  out. 

Two  hundred  and  twenty-four  Nanaimo 
miners  working  on  the  Long  Wall  mine, 
operated  by  the  Western  Fuel  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal ,  laid  down  their  tools  and 
walked  out  on  the  6th  inst  ,  because  the 
company  withdrew  the  extra  wage 
allowance. 

It  is  expected  that  the  Lenora  mine  at 
Mount  Sicker  will  resume  work  this 
month  under  control  of  Bellinger  &  Breen 
of  the  Northwest  Smelting  Co.     The  firm 


July  11,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


31 


takes  over  not  ocly  the  mine,  but  the  en- 
tire business  connected  with  it,  Including 
machinery,  the  railway  to  Crofton,  the 
rolling  stock  and  the  hotel.  W.  T.  Tre- 
gear  Is  manager. 

The  Crow's  Nest  Pass  Coal  Co  ,  operat- 
ing at  Fernle,  Morlssey  and  Michel,  re- 
port their  June  output  at  75,000  tons.  The 
Coal  Creek  mines  are  increasing  their  out- 
put. 

At  Erie,  near  Ymir,  besides  Finch  & 
Campbell's  Second  Relief,  where  thirty- 
five  men  are  working  in  the  mine  and 
mill,  the  Canadian  King  mine  Is  being 
operated  under  lease  by  W.  Connelly  and 
B.  Porter. 

At  the  Arlington  mine  forty  men  are  at 
work. 

W.  S.  Keith  has  a  lease  and  bond  on 
the  Ruby  claim  at  Boundary  Palls. 

The  zinc  plant  being  built  at  the  Payne 
mine  at  Sandon,  in  the  Slocan,  is  ex- 
pected to  be  ready  for  operation  next 
week. 

Superintendent  W.  Myers  has  resumed 
work  at  the  Watson  mine  near  Port 
Steele.  This  is  a  silver-lead  group  on 
Victoria  gulch,  a  tributary  of  Wild  Horse 
creek. 

It  is  reported  operations  are  to  be  re- 
sumed on  the  Tiger-Poorman  group  of 
mines,  on  the  divide  between  the  North 
Pork  of  Wild  Horse  and  Sheep  creek  near 
Port  Steele. 

Shipments  from  Rossland  camp  for  the 
week  ending  July  4  and  for  the  year  to 
date  are  as  follows,  says  the  Rossland 
Miner: 

Week.  Year. 

Tons.  Tons. 

Le  Roi 1,920  92,345 

Center  Star 1,290  42,208 

War  Eagle 1,290  29.775 

Kootenay 465  2,870 

LeRolNo.  2 450  14,142 

Velvet 50  3,076 

Giant 120  575 

I.  X  L 40 

White  Bear 297 

O.  K 25 

Homestake 90 

Totals 5,585  185,422 

CONCENTRATES  SHIPPED. 
War  Eagle-Center  Star.      90  90 


Total  year's  shipments  to  date. 185,512 

This  makes  a  total  of  36,360  tons  for  the 
month  of  June.  It  is  expected  the  Le  Roi 
will  increase  its  output  this  month.  The 
obtaining  of  an  adequate  coke  supply  at 
the  Le  Roi  smelter  in  Northport,  Wash., 
will  bring  a  further  increase  in  output. 
In  addition,  several  new  mines  will  be  on 
the  shipping  list  before  the  end  of  the 
year.  The  past  week  shipments  were  be- 
gun from  the  Jumbo  mine,  operations  re- 
sumed at  the  Gold  Hill  group  and  the 
mechanical  plant  at  the  Spitzee  mine  fin- 
ished and  underground  operations  begun; 
also,  the  first  shipment  of  concentrates 
from  the  War  Eagle-Center  Star  concen- 
trator was  made. 

Shipments  from  the  Boundary  district 
for  the  same  period  were: 

Week.  Year. 

Tons.  Tons. 

Granby 4,927  162,535 

Mother  Lode 2,697  49,735 

Snowshoe 1,920  25,830 

B.  C 1,020  16,435 

Emma 210  9,416 

Sunset 512  5,949 

Providence 591 

Athelstan 60  60 

.     Totals 11,346  270,680 

The  Granby  smelter  treated  4205  tons 
for  the  week,  making  a  total  of  154,661 
tons  for  the  year. 

COLOMBIA. 

The  Darien  Gold  M.  Co.  reports  for  May 
show:  Crushed,  2272  tons  and  obtained 
4295  ounces  gold,  value  $84,500.  Sinking 
continues  in  the  Maisounabe  shaft  and  in 
the  Lodin  shaft. 

KLONDIKE. 

J.  J.  Rutledge,  operating  placers  near 
Dawson,  will  put  in  a  dredger  on  Forty- 
Mile  river  to  coat  $140,000.  Rutledge  says 
if  this  dredger  proves  successful  it  will  be 
followed  by  twenty  more  dredgers,  which 
he  will  have  in  operation  on  Forty-Mile 
river  within  5  years.  It  will  handle  3000 
cubic  feet  of  gravel  daily, 

MEXICO. 

COAHUILA. 
A  number  of  the  coal  mines  around  San 
Felipe  and  Hondo  were  flooded  by  the 
heavy  rains  last  week,  says  the  Enter- 
prise. Most  of  the  flooded  mines  are 
owned  by  the  International  Railroad. 

CHIHUAHUA. 
The  San   Francisco,   Cal.,  men  owning 
the    McDermott  -  O'Callahan     group    at 
Santa  Eulalia  have  started   work.     Dia- 


mond  drilling   machinery  will  be  put  in. 
G.  B.  Jacobs  is  general  manager. 
DURANGO. 

The  San  Acacio  M.  Co.,  owning  the 
San  Acacio  mines  at  San  Juan  de  Guada- 
lupe, is  building  a  railroad  to  connect  with 
the  Mexican  Central. 

A.  T.  Grove,  secretary  of  the  American- 
Mexico  M.  &  D.  Co.,  operating  at  Velar- 
dena,  says  they  are  putting  in  additional 
machinery. 

The  Pittsburg  Gold  Co  ,  operating  tin 
mines  at  Jaltomates,  report  opening  an- 
other vein  of  tin  ore. 

M.  &  R.  de  la  Parra  have  obtained  a 
concession  to  exploit  a  large  sulphur  de- 
posit known  as  La  Tenebrosa,  In  Slerrlta 
section,  near  Mapimi,  says  the  Chihuahua 
Enterprise. 

HIDALGO. 

The  Santa  Irene  y  Anexas  M.  Co.  has 
denounced  fourteen  mining  claims  on 
veins  carrying  gold  and  silver  at  Arenal, 
district  of  Actopan. 

J.  Perez  and  M.  Garcia  will  work  the 
Sacavon  de  la  Purisima  mine  at  the  Cerro 
Huexotitla,  municipality  of  Mineral  del 
Monte. 

JALISCO. 

Carral  &  Kratz  are  putting  up  a  20-ton 
plant  at  their  mine,  near  Etzatlan,  and  it 
is  expected  to  be  running  by  September  15. 

Asbestos  has  been  found  in  the  Real 
mountains.  It  Is  said  to  be  of  good  com- 
mercial quality. 

MEXICO. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Esperanza  mine, 
in  El  Oro  camp,  has  been  bought  jointly 
by  the  Guggenheim  Exploration  Co.  of 
New  York  and  the  Venture  Corporation 
of  London,  England,  through  J.  H.  Ham- 
mond, manager  for  the  former,  and  E.  A. 
Wiltse,  manager  for  the  Venture.  The 
property  Is  well  equipped  and  operates  a 
120-stamp  mill. 

J.  Henderson,  president  and  manager  of 
El  Porvenir  de  Sonora  M.  Co.,  operating 
a  gold  mine  near  Poza,  says  he  expects  to 
have  the  mill,  which  was  recently  dam- 
aged by  fire,  repaired  and  running  next 
week. 

OAXACA. 

La  Compania  Petrolifera  del  Pacifico, 
S.  A.,  has  been  organized  to  bore  for  oil 
on  the  Pacific  coast  of  Mexico.  E.  C. 
Creel,  P.  Pimentel  y  Fagoaga,  J.  Pimen- 
tel,  P.  Macedo,  M.  S.  Macedo,  R.  Alcazar, 
P.  Escandon  y  Barron,  A.  Escandon  y 
Arango,  J.  D.  Cassasus  own  an  area  of 
12,000  hectares  near  Puerto  Angel,  juris- 
diction of  Pochutla.  A  drilling  outfit  will 
he  taken  in. 

SAN  LUIS  POTOSI. 

A  coal  field  is  reported  found  near  Hues- 
teca  Polosina.     Several   beds  of    asphalt 
are  also  reported  in  the  same  section. 
SONOKA. 

At  La  Bufa  the  pump  and  pipe  line  of 
the  Bufa  M.  Co.  are  in  operation.  They 
convey  water  a  distance  of  4t  miles  and 
raise  it  900  feet.  Work  on  the  mill  build- 
ings, matte  furnace  and  other  machinery 
is  progressing,  Bays  the  Oasis.  The  air 
compressors  and  machine  drills  will  be  in 
operation  next  week. 

It  is  reported  the  Gutierrez  M.  Co., 
which  is  developing  the  Gutierrez  mine 
at  La  Barranca,  has  bonded  the  Nahuila 
group  of  mines,  at  San  Javier,  for  $65,000 
gold,  and  the  Belene  mine,  at  La  Bar- 
ranca, for  $75,000. 

Work  is  under  way  by  the  Vega  M.  Co. 
on  the  Gabilan  mine  at  Gabilan,  sayB 
C.  H.  Buffett,  superintendent. 

W.  B.  Jenkins,  D.  N.  Clemens  and  J.  A. 
Cummings  of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo., 
have  a  bond  and  lease  on  a  group  of 
claims,  including  the  Tucabe  mine,  65 
miles  from  Magdalena. 

ZACATECAS. 

A  100-ton  milling  plant  has  been  built 
at  the  Proano  mines  at  Fresnillo,  owned 
by  F.  Ortega. 

»*************************3S 


Obituary. 


T.  BEYNON,  a  pioneer  mining  man  of 
Tuolumne  county,  died  in  Jeffersonville, 
near  Columbia,  Cal.,  June  28,  after  a  long 
illness.     Deceased  was  a  native  of  Wales. 

H.  M.  Driscoll,  a  pioneer  mining  man 
of  Lander  county,  Nev.,  died  at  Galena, 
Nev.,  June  20.  Deceased  was  a  native  of 
Ireland,  aged  73  years,  and  is  survived  by 
two  sons  and  two  daughters. 

M.  MacNamara,  a  pioneer  miner  of 
Esmeralda  and  Nye  counties,  Nev.,  died 
at  Silver  Peak,  Nev.,  June  27th,  of  miners' 
consumption.  Deceased  owned  several 
mines  in  these  districts,  and  recently  sold 
the  MacNamara  group  at  Tonopah.  He 
was  a  native  of  Ireland,  aged  65  years. 

A.  H.  Fowler,  a  pioneer  mining  and 
smelting  man  of  Colorado,  died  on  the  2nd 
inst.  at  Hyannisport,  Mass.,  after  a  linger- 
ing illness.     Deceased  was  born  in  Con- 


necticut and  was  52  years  of  age.  He 
went  to  Colorado  in  1877,  Bottling  first  at 
Leadville,  where  he  was  manager  of  the 
Berdell  &  Wetherlll  smelter.  Later  on, 
he  was  connected  with  the  Smuggler- 
Union  mines  at  Telluride,  Colo.,  and  with 
the  Viola  mine  at  Camas,  Idaho.  He  is 
survived  by  a  widow  and  three  children. 


*  ****** *******************  * 

PERSONAL.        t 

+  * 

L.  B.  Rapp  of  Cincinnati,  O,  is  at  Chi- 
huahua, Mex. 

A.  S  Wise  is  manager  of  the  Black 
Swan  M.  Co.,  near  Sunshine,  Colo. 

W.  M.  Strong  is  superintendent  of  the 
Banker  mine,  near  Leadville,  Colo. 

P.  L.  Flaniqan,  Interested  in  mines 
near  Reno,  Nev.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  H.  Wiley,  mining  engineer  of 
Idaho  Springs,  Colo.,  is  in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

J.  Nevill  is  superintendent  of  the 
Treadwell  group  of  mines  near  Kingman, 
Ariz. 

A.  B.  Dealtry  of  London,  England,  a 
director  of  the  Le  Roi  Two  Co.,  is  at  Ross- 
land,  B.  C. 

G.  R.  Hancock  Is  vice-president  and 
manager  of  the  Comstock  M.  Co.,  at  Park 
City,  Utah. 

J.  A.  Shinn  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  exam- 
ining mining  property  in  Montana  for 
Wisconsin  parties. 

G.  L.  Keener  has  resigned  as  manager 
of  the  Mary  McKinney  mine  at  Anaconda, 
Teller  county,  Colo. 

W.  W.  White  is  superintendent  of  the 
Bonnie  mine,  near  Prescott,  Ariz.,  vice  J. 
J.  Brooks,  resigned. 

Manager  G.  H.  Dern  of  the  Con.  Mer- 
cur  M.  Co.  at  Mercur,  Utah,  is  in  Jersey 
City,  N.  J.,  on  business. 

R.  C.  Vidler  of  Georgetown,  Colo.,  is 
visiting  New  York  and  other  Eastern 
cities  on  mining  business. 

J.  Price  has  resigned  as  superintendent 
of  the  Mary  McKinney  mine  at  Anaconda, 
near  Cripple  Creek,  Colo. 

C.  Schiermeister,  a  mining  engineer 
of  Berlin,  Germany,  is  traveling  through 
the  mining  camps  of  Mexico. 

W.  E  Lloyd  is  manager  of  the  Sioux 
Falls  &  Cripple  Creek  M.  &  D.  Co.,  oper- 
ating near  Cripple  Creek,  Colo. 

G.  E.  McClelland,  manager  of  the 
Monarch  tunnel,  Idaho  Springs,  Colo.,  is 
in  the  East  on  mining  business. 

A.  H.  Elftman  of  Minneapolis,  Minn., 
manager  of  the  Miller  mine,  Brownsville, 
Cal.,  is  inspecting  the  property. 

L.  S.  Wood  has  returned  to  Denver, 
Colo.,  from  Empire,  Colo  ,  where  he  has 
been  examining  mining  properties. 

G.  Land  is  superintendent  of  the  Key- 
stone Hydraulic  M.  Co.,  operating  near 
Telluride,  San  Miguel  county,  Colo. 

F.  A.  Keith  is  superintendent  Bamber- 
ger's De  Lamar  mines  and  mill  at  De  La- 
mar, Nev.,  vice  F.  Janney,  resigned. 

G.  Kartschoke  haB  resigned  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Delhi  mine  of  the  St. 
Gothard  M.  Co.,  near  Nevada  City,  Cal. 

W.  T.  Tregear,  former  manager  Le 
Roi  mine  at  Rossland,  B.  C,  is  manager 
of  the  Lenora  mine  at  Mount  Sicker,  B.  C. 

W.  H.  Bates,  manager  of  the  Oro  Con- 
centrating Co.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
from  Prescott,  Ariz.,  on  mining  business. 

S.  K.  Thornton,  superintendent  of  the 
Shenandoah  mine,  near  Plymouth,  Cal.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

P.  Escher  has  resigned  as  manager  of 
the  Americana  mine  at  Terrazas,  Chihua- 
hua, Mex.,  and  will  take  a  trip  to  Europe. 

A,  K.  Coomaraswamy,  F.  G.  S.,  has 
been  appointed  director  and  J.  Parsons  as 
assistant  of  the  Mineral  Survey  of  Ceylon. 

N.  Williams  is  superintendent  of  the 
Olsen  mine,  at  Don  Pedros  Bar,  5  miles 
south  of  Chinese  Camp,  Tuolumne  county, 
Cal. 

William  Vardi  of  Nady-Halmagy, 
Hungary,  a  mining  engineer  for  the  Hun- 
garian Government,  is  at  Cripple  Creek, 
Colo. 

W.  W.  Byrne,  treasurer  of  the  Polar 
Star  M.  Co.,  1b  at  their  mines,  near  Ne- 
vada City,  Cal.,  from  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah. 

W.  Sw ANSON  is  superintendent  of  the 
Abe  Lincoln  mine,  near  Cripple  Creek, 
Colo.,  being  operated  by  the  Tunnel  M.  & 
L.  Co. 


P.  M.  McKinney  is  superintendent  of 
the  Santa  Emilia  and  Dona  Louisa  mines, 
Michoacan,  Mex.,  vice  J.  C.  Colllnson,  re- 
signed. 

W.  C.  Greene  of  New  York,  president 
of  the  Greene  Con.  C.  Co.,  is  visiting  their 
mines  and  smelters  at  Cananea,  Sonora, 
Mexico. 

A.  T.  Grove,  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  the  American-Mexico  M.  &  Dev.  Co.,  is 
at  the  company's  mines  at  Velardena, 
Mexico. 

M.  Hirsch  of  New  York,  with  S.  Bam- 
berger and  J.  D.  Wood  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  are  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal,  on  mining 
business. 

J.  W.  Taylor,  manager  of  the  Tuna 
Co.'s  mines  in  Lemhi  county,  Idaho,  re- 
turned to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  a 
trip  East. 

C.  L.  Dignowitty  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  is  at  Boulder,  Colo  ,  on  mining  busi- 
ness, from  which  place  he  will  go  to  Dead- 
wood,  S.  D. 

M.  E.  Pinney,  superintendent  of  the 
Nigger  Hill  mines,  ne'ar  Jamestown,  Cal., 
is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  business  for 
his  company. 

E.  J.  Bonstell,  who  recently  returned 
to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  Groveland, 
Cal.,  has  gone  to  Sutter  Creek,  Cal.,  on 
mining  business. 

Lindsay  Clark  is  manager  of  the 
Briseis  Tin  M.  Co.  mines,  near  Hobart, 
Tasmania,  whose  branch  office  is  at  Mel- 
bourne, Victoria. 

T.  P.  McGovern  has  resigned  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Republican  mine,  near 
Jacksonville,  Cal.,  to  devote  his  time  to 
his  other  interests. 

Dr.  A.  E.  Sayous  of  Paris,  France,  is 
in  California  on  a  French  Government 
mission  relative  to  a  study  of  mining  con- 
ditions in  that  State. 

W.  J.  Dooly,  manager  of  the  Johnny 
mine  of  Stateline,  Utah,  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week  from  a  trip  to 
Nevada  and  California. 

Manager  C.  W.  Whitley  of  the 
American  S.  &  R.  Co.  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week  after  an  ex- 
tended visit  in  the  East. 

Haven  Sawyer,  superintendent  of  the 
Dewey  mine,  Siskiyou  county,  Cal.,  Is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  returning  from  a 
business  trip  to  Boston,  Mass. 

A.  P.  Griffiths,  A.  R.  S.  M.,  late 
general  manager  of  the  Palmarejo  &  Mex- 
ican Goldfields,  Ltd.,  has  returned  to 
London,  England,  from  Mexico. 

M.  L.  Requa,  president  of  the  Pacific 
Steel  &  Wire  Co.  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
has  gone  to  Eureka,  Nev.,  near  which 
place  he  has  large  mining  interests. 

Junsuke  Jigima  of  Tokio,  Japan, 
manager  of  the  Ahoe  copper  mines,  is  ex- 
amining copper  smelting  methods  in  the 
principal  Utah  and  Montana  camps. 

S.  Bamberger  and  J.  D.  Wood  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  and  M.  Hirsch  of 
New  York,  are  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  from 
Salt  Lake  City  on  mining  business. 

J.  P.  Empson,  formerly  with  the  Da- 
kota M.  Co  ,  is  to  be  cyanide  superin- 
tendent of  the  Reliance  G.  M.  Co.'s  plant, 
which  will  be  built  near  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

J.  A.  Groesbeck  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  has  gone  to  Cerro  de  PaBco,  Peru, 
as  superintendent  of  a  group  of  placer 
properties  owned  by  the  Cerro  de  Pasco 
M.  Co. 

W.  C.  Thomas,  former  superintendent 
of  the  Highland  Boy  smelter  at  Bingham, 
Utah,  is  superintendent  of  the  smelter  of 
the  Newhouse  M.  &  S.  Co.,  near  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah. 

P.  Janney  has  resigned  as  superinten- 
dent of  Bamberger's  De  Lamar  mines  and 
mill  at  De  Lamar,  Nev.,  and  accepted  a 
similar  position  with  the  Utah  C.  Co.  of 
Bingham,  Utah. 

C.  F.  V.  Jackson,  an  assistant  geolo- 
gist on  the  Queensland  Geological  Survey 
staff,  has  resigned,  having  been  appointed 
first  assistant  geologist  on  the  West  Aus- 
tralian staff. 

J.  Eddie,  formerly  superintendent  of 
the  Gold  Tunnel  mine,  is  superintendent 
of  the  Delhi  mine  of  the  St.  Gothard  M. 
Co.,  near  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  vice  G.  Kart- 
schoke, resigned. 

T.  Hooper  of  Rockland,  Lake  Supe- 
rior, Mich  ,  has  returned  there  from  a 
trip  through  Sonora,  Mexico.  He  also 
stopped  at  Idaho  Springs,  Colo  ,  to  exam- 
ine mining  property. 

L.  A.  Womble,  M.  E.,  of  Berkeley, 
Cal,  who  has  been  connected  with  the 
Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan  mines  at  Ward- 
ner,  Idaho,  leaves  shortly  to  accept  a  posi- 
tion in  South  Africa. 


32 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  11, 1903. 


K^"^^^.^*  ****&*&  ********** 
*  * 

|        Books  Received.         | 

*  * 

"Earth  Work  and  Its  OoBt "  is  the 
title  of  a  neat  volume  of  244  pages,  by 
Halbert  P.  Gillette.  It  deals  with  the  art 
of  coBt  estimating ;  the  handling  of 
earth  by  means  of  various  devices  ;  trans- 
porting the  loosened  earth  by  means  of 
wheelbarrows,  carts,  dump  carts,  scrap- 
ers, wagons,  steam  shovels,  etc.  It  also 
goes  into  excavating  by  dredging,  hydrau- 
licklng  and  by  other  means.  The  book  is 
illustrated  and  will  prove  of  use  to  those 
engaged  in  the  work  of  excavating  on  a 
small  or  large  scale.  $1.50;  The  Engineer- 
ing News  Publishing  Co.,  New  York  City. 

"  Electrical  Engineering,"  by  E.  Rosen- 
berg, translated  by  W.  W.  H.  Dee  and 
C.  Kinzbrunner,  is  a  new  treatise  on  elec- 
tricity designed  as  an  elementary  text 
book  suitable  for  those  employed  in  elec- 
trical and  engineering  pursuits.  Besides 
the  fundamental  phenomena  of  the  elec- 
tric current,  dynamos  and  motors  for  con- 
tinuous, alternating  and  three-phase  cur- 
rent, accumulators,  measuring  instruments 
and  electric  lighting  are  treated.  Those  de- 
siring a  knowledge  of  electricity,  but  who 
have  no  immediate  connection  with  the 
profession,  will  be  instructed  in  much  use- 
ful and  necessary  knowledge  by  reading 
this  volume.  It  is  profusely  illustrated  ; 
8vo.  XIII+267  pages.  Cloth,  net,  $1  50; 
John  Wiley  &  Sons,  43  East  Nineteenth 
street,  New  York  City. 


ftp  *  *  *  *  *  <&  »&  *j,  .&»&  &  i&.  &  **  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  *  35 

*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received.     % 

*  «• 

"Colors  and  Specifications  "  is  the  title 
of  a  folder  from  the  Joseph  Dixon  Cruci- 
ble Co.  of  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  graphically 
illustrating  paint  spe3ifications  for  steel 
and  iron  construction  and  maintenance 
work.  James  G.  Allen,  304  Market  street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal ,  is  their  Pacific  coast 
agent. 


as 

■»  «• 

| Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

Sfcif,  ^.■Ji^ll.^.-f.^.'fiiJll'fll.^.-f.v-f.^.-Jj.-iitjJiJltf.iflL-fliJiiJitJl^.^ 

A.  Leschen  &  Sons'  Rope  Co.,  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  manufacturers  of  wire  rope 
and  aerial  wire  rope  tramways,  have 
moved  their  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  office  to 
the  Rialto  building,  corner  New  Mont- 
gomery and  Mission  streets.  Their  other 
offices  remain  as  heretofore,  namely : 
920-922  North  First  street,  St.  Louis,  Mo.; 
137  East  Lake  street,  Chicago,  111.;  92 
Center  street,  New  York,  N.  Y.;  1717-1723 
Arapahoe  street,  Denver,  Colo. 


New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.t  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  ccast  inventors: 

FOR  THE  WEEK  ESDING  JUNE  30,   1903. 

732,508  —Tube  Sheet  Protector— C.  h.  Boone, 
San  Leandro,  Cal 

732,263.— METALLURGICAL   FURNACE— M.  P.    BOSS. 

S  P. 
733,264— METALLURGICAL  FURNACE—  M.  P.  BOSS, 

S.  P. 
732,266—  METALLURGICAL    FURNACE— M.  P.  BOSS, 

S   F. 

732,266.— Metallurgical  Furnace— M.  P.  Boss, 

S.  F. 
732,267— Metallurgical  Furnace— m.  P.  Boss, 

S.  F. 
732,268.— Metallurgical  Furnace— M.  P.  Boss, 

S.F. 
732.269—  Metallurgical  Furnace— m.  P.  Boss, 

S.F. 
732,510.— Vehicle  Frame-G.  R.  Boulding,  Wells, 

Nev. 
732,172.— Excavator— W.  Cole,  Olympia,  Wash. 
732,1:3.— Excavator— W.  Cole,  Olympia,  Wash. 
732,278— Tire  Protector— L.  C.  uummings,  Pas- 
adena, Cal. 
732,537.— Paper  Cutter— C.  J.  I.  Devlin,  S.  F. 
732,626.— Plow  and  Cultivator— w.  H.  Fox,  Gil- 

roy,  Cal 
732,538— Dreeger—W.  H    Fulcher,  Oakland,  Cal. 
732,298  —Window  Sash— E.  Hlpolito,  Los  Angeles, 

Cal. 
732,563.— Dessicating  Fruit— W.  S.  Keyes,  S  P 
732,304.— piano-F.  W.  Kringel,  Los  Angeles.  Cal. 
732,567— Governor— G.  F    Lasher,  Portland,  Or. 
732,305.— CUFff  Holder— C.  H.  Leach,  Orchards, 

Wash, 
732,5B0.— Indicator— T.  J.  McGrath,  Portland,  Or. 
732,581.— INDICATOR— T  J.  McGrath,  Portland,  Or. 
732,619 —Sawmill— H.  S.  Mitchell,  Seattle,  Wash. 
732,653.— Rail  Brace  —  D.  D.  Quenell,  Riparla, 

Wash 
732,319.— Concentrator— Rogers  &  Hanson,  S.  F. 
732.655  —Jar  Closure— J.  H.  Saunders,  Olympia. 

Wash, 
732.452.— Basin    Plug-w.   F.    Schultheiss,    San 

Dieeo.  Cat 
732,592— Bottle— H.  V.  Soon,  R.  F. 
732,605.— Leaching  Ores— G.  E  Thede,  Havilah, 

Cal. 
732  680.— Racing  Hurdle-R.  p  Traxler,  S.  P. 
732,667.— Beehive— H  Vogeler,  Newcastle,  Cal. 
732,477.— Electric    Switch  —  I.   G.    Waterman, 

Santa  Barbara,  Cal. 
732  608  —Electric  Float— I.  G.  Waterman,  Santa 

Barbara,  Cal. 
732,148.— Sawmill— A.  J.  West,  Aberdeen,  Wash. 


Our  Eastern  Business  Manager. 

On  the  1st  inst.  Mr.  Wm.  Starr  Bullock 
assumed  charge  of  the  business  interests 
of  this  journal  as  special  Eastern  repre- 
sentative, with  offices  at  720  Park  Row 
Building,  New  York  City.  Mr.  Bullock's 
business  acquaintance  and  personality 
commend  him  favorably  to  present  and 
prospective  patrons. 

Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  tr.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention : 

Extracting  Gold  or  Silver  From  Slimes.— 
No.  731,631.  June  23,  1903.  J.  T.  Perry,  Jr.,  Altar, 
Mexico.  One-half  assigned  to  J.  O.  Treanor  of 
same  place.  This  invention  is  designed  to  extract 
precious  metals  from  the  slimes  or  other  un- 
leaohed  material  by  the  aid  of  cyanide  solutions. 
It  consists  in  spraying  the  slimes  or  slime  mixed 
with  water  and  called  "  sludge  "  into  tanks  which 
a-e  partly  filled  with  the  cyanide  solution  con- 
taining oxidizing  agents,  such  as  calcium  hypo- 
chlorite, or  other  active  chemical  agents,  such  as 
bromo-cyanide,  and  without  agitation  allowing 
the  same  to  settle,  drawing  off  the  clear  solution, 
then  discharging  the  sludge  Into  similar  tanks 
filled  with  solution  or  water,  allowing  the  mass  to 
settle,  then  drawing  off  the  clear  liquid  as  before. 

Printing  Press.— No.  12,124  (reissue).  June  23, 
1903.  J.  F.  Ames,  Portland,  Or.  This  invention 
is  especially  designed  for  the  purpose  of  securing 
printing  types  or  characters  upon  a  revolving 
cylinder  so  that  they  may  be  employed  for  print- 
ing bags,  the  wooden  sides  or  parts  of  which  boxes 
are  constructed,  and  for  like  purposes.  It  con- 
sists in  a  novel  construction  of  the  cylinder  and 
means  for  securing  the  type  or  characters  thereon 
from  which  the  impression  is  to  be  made,  means 
in  connection  therewith  by  which  the  type  or 
printing  surface  is  protected  from  undue  pressure 
from  the  surface  on  which  the  printing  takes 
place,  means  by  which  the  ink  is  prevented  from 
being  transferred  to  the  protecting  strips,  and 
means  wh  reby  all  the  devices  are  securely 
locked  to  the  cylinder  by  a  single  operation. 


Latest    JTarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  July  10,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
24|d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver,  52Jc,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  62Jc;  Mexican  dollars,  41c 
San  Francisco,  41c  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$14.25;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $14.00@14  25; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks.  $14.00@14  25; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $13  50;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $14.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bare,  18@24c.  London:  £57  5s  spot  per 
ton. 

There  has  been  a  noticeable  drop  in 
copper  the  past  ten  days  and  the  market 
is  not  all  that  sellers  could  wish.  It  is  re- 
ported that  copper  has  been  sold  for  less 
than  the  quoted  price.  The  large  con- 
sumers are  holding  back,  evidently  wait- 
ing for  a  still  lower  price  before  making 
contracts  for  the  ensuing  year.  It  is  not 
likely  that  Lake  will  go  below  14  cents  for 
the  present.  The  price  of  the  paBt  few 
months — 15  cents  and  thereabouts — has 
stimulated  the  output  in  no  small  degree, 
and  the  influence  of  this  increased  output 
is  now  being  felt.  In  the  latter  part  of 
June,  Calumet  &  Hecla  offered  copper  in 
New  York  at  14i  cents  and  thus  broke  the 
price  that  had  prevailed.  A  reduction  of 
one-half  cent  per  pound  seems  small,  but 
it  means  a  large  sum  to  heavy  producers. 
The  following  table  shows  the  monthly 
exports  of  copper  for  the  first  five  months 
of  the  year,  in  pounds: 

1903.  1902. 

May 23  254,334  35,498,848 

April 26,321,400  34  372,011 

March 31,515,468         38,679  965 

February 21,813,242         32  814,949 

January 24,552,687  32,085,041 


Total  pounds..  127, 451,131        173,450,814 

It  is  thought  by  some  that  the  enforced 
shut-down  of  the  Anaconda  Company  for 
several  months  pending  the  completion  of 
improvements  in  their  reduction  works 
may  have  a  direct  effect  on  the  market. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.12J;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $1.50,  carload  lots;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  5j,  sheet  6,  bar  6Jc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  6s  3d  per  long  ton=2.75c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $5. 87 J;  St. 
Louis,  $4.85  ;  London,  £20  17s  6d  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6}o;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
9|c;  Hallett's,  8ic;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  10c ;  300  to  600  lbs.,  lie;  100-lb. 
lots.  13@16c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $27.15@27.40; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  29Jc:  500  lbs.,  30c; 
200  Us.,  30Jc;  less,  31c;  bar  tin,  ft  ft,  32ic 
@35c.    London,  £123  17s  6d  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude 
$18.00  ft  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80o  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44.50® 
46.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  ft  flask  of  76}  fts.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.50. 


BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francisco 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra. 
17ie;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  31c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half ,  100-ft.  lots, 
19Jc;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  16c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60o  ft  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $19.50 
@19.85;  gray  forge,  $18  60;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  ft  ft.,  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,   Pittsburg, 
$29  50@3O.5O;  open  hearth  billets,  $31.50; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 
CHICAGO  CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $20  50@21.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 20.00@21.00 

Northern  2 19.50@20.50 

Northern  3 19.00@20.00 

Southern  1 18  85® 

Southern  2 18  35® 

Southern  3 17  85® 

Forge 17. 35® 

Charcoal 23  00@24.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 31.50@32.00 

Bars,  iron 1.70® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Rails,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

Sheets,  26  store 2.90®  3  00 

No.  27 3  00®  3.10 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1. 75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75® 

Channels 1. 75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 16.00@16  50 

Relaying  rails 30.00031  00 

Dealers  forge 13. 50@14.50 

No.  I  railroad  wrought 15.50@16.50 

No.  least,  net  ton 15.00@16  00 

Iron  rails 20.50@21.00 

Car  wheels 20.00@21.00 

Cast  borings 5  50®  6  50 

Turnings 12.00@13.00 

LUMBER.— (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.50;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor. $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germania,  S2.50  @  2.75; 
Hewmoor,  $2  90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2.50@2.75  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17tc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
15  Jc.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2* 
35%,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  leBS  than  one  ton, 
ll}c.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  He.  Black  blasting  powder 
in  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $6.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  6x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s., 
104c  ft  set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  94c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potasBium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  24@25e  ft  ft.:  carloads, 
23@24Jc;  in  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  ft  100 
fts.;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  2J@2|c  ft 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3Jcftft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.26@1.50  ft  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash.  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c  ft  ft. ; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2® 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2@3c ;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25  ;  California  refined,  2  @  2}c; 
Bulphide  of  iron,  9c  ft  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
5@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2  50@2.75; 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  2Jc 
ft  ft.;  nitric  acid,  in  carboys,  8c  ft  lb. 

OILS. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  51c;  cs., 
56c;  raw,  bbl.,  49c;  cs.,  54c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  48c;  cs,  53c;  raw,  bbl.,  46c; 
cs,  51c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20£e; 
Astral,  20Jc;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24Sc; 
Eocene,  23$c;  Elaine,  26|c;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14 Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21e;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23}c;  86°  Gaso- 
line, hulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27Jc;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 


16c;  do.,  in  cs.,  22J  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $L00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  60@55e. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  lesB  than  500  fts.,  per  ft.,  6Jc;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  hags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,    7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  ft  lb.,  60c. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,  per  ft.,  $1.60. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  ft  ft.,  $1.00. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  ft  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  ft  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  ft  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  ft  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  ft  ft.,  $3.50. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  ft  ft., 
50c  ;  dust,  ft  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  ft  ft.,  .04c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .60 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8;  Cumberland,  $12;  Cannel, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.50,  long  ton;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  In  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unleBS  otherwise  noted.) 


A  YOUNG  MAN  WITH  12  YEARS'  PRACTICAL 
mlniDg  experience  wants  position  where  the 
ability  to  do  things  and  doiDg  them  will  lead  to 
advancement.  Can  assay,  survey,  run  engine  or 
pumps,  sharpen  tools,  or  do  anything  about  a 
mine.  Have  some  mill  experience.  References 
given.    Address  R.  J.  S.,  care  of  this  office. 


ASSAYER    AND   CYANIDE    MILLMAN    DE- 
sires  position.     References.      Address  "As- 
sayer,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

CAPABLE  ENGINEER  OP  GOOD  STANDING 
and  experience  would  like  to  purohase  an  in- 
terest in  an  established  engineering  business- 
mining  or  civil.  Only  a  business  capable  of  ex- 
pansion and  doing  high  grade  work  is  desired. 
Address  "Experience,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 


CYANIDE  CHEMIST  AND  ASSAYER,  TEN 
years  South  African  and  Colorado  experience: 
had  also  charge  of  cyanide  and  amalg  mills;  at 
present  engaged  in  assay  office,  wants  change  of 
position.  Excellent  references.  S.A.C.,  this  office. 

EXPERIENCED  ANALYTICAL  CHEMIST.  AS- 
sayer  and  Millman  desires  position.    AddresB 
H.  T.  S.,  this  office. 


FIRST-CLASS   METALLURGICAL  CHEMIST 
and  Assayer  desires  position.  Can  furnish  best 
of  reference,  etc.    Address  C.  W.  L.,  this  office. 


FIRST-CLASS    MINING    AND    LAND    SUR- 
veyor,  Draughtsman,   etc.,  desires  position. 
Address  H.  W  K.,  Box  74,  Long  Beach,  Wash. 

MECHANICAL  ENGINEER— HAVE  A  UNI- 
versity  education  and  am  an  all  around  prac- 
tical mechanic.  Four  years  experience  In  steam 
and  hydraulic  engineering;  have  designed  an  up- 
to-date  blast  furnace;  have  been  connected  with 
large  copper  mine  for  two  years:  good  references. 
Prefer  large  gold  or  copper  mine;  foreign  country 
preferred.  Address  A.  B.  C,  care  Mln.  &  Sci.  Press. 

MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTSPOSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  office. 


Required  for  Copper 
Mines  in  Arizona 

employing  about  250  men,  youog  mining  engineer 
of  good  technloal  education  and  some  experience 
in  mining  and  meohanics,  to  act  as  assistant  to 
superintendent.  Address  SHANNON  COPPER 
CO.,  Clifton,  Ariz. 


a^^4Pftg3te^^^ 


Whole  No.  2243.— 


VOLUHB  LXXXV1I. 
N amber   3. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY.  JULY  18,  1903. 


THKKK   DOLLARS    fEK  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Tea  Cents. 


The  Art  of  Diamond   Cutting. 

The  cutting  and  polishing  of  diamonds  is  an  art  re 
quiring  great  skill  and  sound  judgment.  It  is  ac- 
complished by  means  of  steel  horizontal  wheels  or 
plates  upon  which  there  are  small  lines  or  grooves 
radiating  from  the  center.  On  this  is  placed  a  paste 
of  diamond  dust  and  olive  oil.  The  grinding  is  done 
by  setting  the  diamond  in  cement,  and  fixing  it  in 
the  proper  position  in  contact  with  the  wheel,  which 
is  run  at  about  4000  revolutions  per  minute.  Polish 
ing  is  effected  in  much  the  same  manner,  but  with 
impalpable  dust.  It  requires  weeks  and  months  to 
cut  diamonds,  and  in  some  instances  has  required 
years  to  complete  the  task.  All  diamonds  are  not 
perfect  as  they  come  from  the  mines.  Some  are 
covered  with  a  hard,  dull  coating  which  must  be  re- 
moved. Often  the  stones  are  unsymmetrical  in  form; 
discolorations,  flaws  and  spots  are  frequently  in 
eluded,  and  it  is  the  business  of  the  lapidary  to  judge 
how  any  particular  stone  will  cut  to  the  best  advan- 
tage. All  diamonds  have  cleavage,  and  it  is  usually 
possible  to  split  diamonds  of  distorted  shape  in  such 
manner  that  one  or  more  good  sized  stones  and  pos- 
sibly several  small  ones  may  be  obtained.  When  it  is 
desired  to  split  or  cleave  a  stone  the  lapidary  ex- 
amines It  closely,  and  experience  tells  him  the  proper 
plane  upon  which  the  delicate  feat  may  be  accom- 
plished. 

The  cleaving  of  a  valuable  gem  requires  not  only 
good  judgment  and  skill,  but  also  good  nerve,  for 
In  some  cases  the  reputation  of  the  workman  may  be 


Dredger  Cherokee  No.  I  Taking  Off  Top  Soil,  Near  Oroville,  Cal.    (See  Page  39  ) 


made  or  ruined  by .  the  result.  The  splitting  is 
performed  by  embedding  the  diamond  in  cement  up 
to  a  line  about  even  with  the  plane  upon  which  it  is 
desired   to  remove  a  portion,   the  workman  having 


The  Dredger  Indiana  Digging  Deep,  Tailings  Being  Carried  by  Conveyor  in  Rear,  Oroville,  Cal      (See  Page  39  ) 


A  Large  Dredger  in  Course  of  Construction,  Near  Oroville,  Cal.    (See  Page  39.) 


previously  scratched  a  line  about  the  stone  with  an- 
other diamond,  just  where  he  desires  to  produce  the 
fracture.  He  then  places  a  steel  knife  blade  against 
the  diamond,  holding  it  firmly  at  the  proper  angle, 
and  strikes  the  blade  a  sharp  blow  with  a  light  iron 
rod,  and  the  work  is  done.  The  result,  it  is  needless 
to  say,  is  not  always  perfectly  satisfactory.  The 
art  of  diamond  cutting  has  developed  into  a  science,  in 
which  the  workman  must  possess  not  only  superior 
mechanical  skill,  but  he  must  also  thoroughly  under- 
stand the  theory  of  light,  for  the  dispersion  and  re- 
fraction of  light  are  of  vital  importance  in  cutting  a 
diamond. 

The  aim  is  not  to  secure  from  the  rough  diamond 
the  largest  stone  possible,  but  to  get  a  gem  which 
will  reflect  the  rays  of  light  entering  it  in  the  most 
intense  and  brilliant  manner.  The  diamond  is  highly 
cleavable  in  a  plane  parallel  with  the  pyramidal  face. 
Taking  advantage  of  this  fact,  lapidaries  split  a 
large  diamond  into  thin  plates  at  the  time  of  the 
coronation  of  Queen  Victoria,  and  beautiful  minia- 
tures of  distinguished  guests  were  presented  to 
them,  framed  in  gold  and  the  picture  covered  with  a 
sheet  of  diamond,  instead  of  glass. 

The  diamond  cutters  of  the  fourteenth  century 
contented  themselves  with  merely  polishing  the  nat- 
ural faces  of  the  stone,  which  in  perfect  crystals  are 
octahedrons,  usually  with  convex  surfaces.  Stones 
cut  in  this  manner  rarely  show  the  true  beauty  which 
lies  within.  Several  noted  stones  of  great  size  have 
been  cut  repeatedly,  losing  largely  in  weight  with 
each  cutting,  but  always  gaining  in  value  by  reason 
of  increased  brilliancy.  The  famous  Koh-i-nur 
(mountain  of  light)  is  an  example  of  this. 

There  is  in  diamond  cutting,  as  in  almost  every 
other  art,  deceptions  great  and  small.  One  of  these 
is  the  filling  out  of  a  flat  diamond  with  other  in- 
ferior material,  such  as  rock  crystal  or  glass.  A 
flat  diamond  is  cut  having  a  flat  lower  surface  with 
the  dome-like  upper  side  cut  in  the  usual  triangular 
facets.  A  pyramidal  section  is  then  cut  of  quartz 
crystal  or  glass,  to  exactly  fit  the  diamond  cap,  and 
the  two  bases  are  joined  together  with  gum  mastic, 
and  the  stone  sold  for  genuine  diamond. 

In  cutting  diamonds  the  loss  from  the  original 
weight  of  the  crystal  varies  greatly— from  one-third 
to  three-fourths.  It  may  be  said  to  average  about 
three-fifths.  Diamonds  occur  in  the  mines  in  a  great 
variety  of  size,  color  and  form.  The  principal  lapi- 
daries are  in  Holland,  London,  Eng.,  and  Boston, 
Mass.  The  United  States  is  at  present  the  largest 
buyer  of  diamonds. 


34 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 

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San  Francisco,  July  J  8,  J  903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  Fage- 

Dredger  Cherokee  No.  1  Taking  Ofl  Top  Soil,  Near  Oroville,  Cal  33 
The  Dredger  Indiana  Dredging  Deep  Tailings,  Being  Carried  by 

Conveyor  in  Rear,  Oroville,  Cal 33 

A  Large  Dredger  in  Course  of  Construction,  Near  Oroville,  Cal.  .33 

Approximate  Data  ot  Open  Streams,  Weirs,  Pipes,  Etc 36 

Beaudry  Champion  Power  Hammer 38 

Jeffrey  Grab  Bucket 39 

Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales 40 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 41 

editorial: 

The  Art  of  Diamond  Cutting 33 

The  Value  of  Mineral  Land 34 

Cost  of  Mine  Investment 34 

Labor  Conditions  in  the  west 34 

Canadian  Lead  Bounty 34 

Regeneration  of  Cyanide  Solutions  by  Various  Means 34 

mining  summary 

latest  market  reports 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 35 

Approximate  Data  of  Open  Streams,  Weirs.  Pipes,  Etc 36 

Mining  With  Machine  Drills 37 

Beaudry  Champion  Power  Hammer 38 

Graphite  in  Canada 38 

Dredging  and  Valuing  Dredging  Ground  in  Oroville,  Cal 39 

Jeffrey  Grab  Buckets 39 

Cost  of  Electric  Drilling 89 

Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales 40 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 41 

Canadian  Bounty  on  Steel 41 

Commercial  Paragraphs 46 

Personal 45 

Obituary 46 

New  Patents 46 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 46 


42-43^14^15 
46 


The  Value  of  flineral  Land. 

When  the  mineral  in  a  tract  of  land  on  the  public 
domain  is  sufficiently  valuable  to  entitle  the  tract  to 
be  classified  as  mineral  land  it  is  often  a  perplexing 
question  in  the  mind  of  a  would-be  locator.  The  Fed- 
eral statutes  of  July  26,  1866,  provided  for  the  acqui- 
sition of  titles  to  "veins  of  quartz  or  other  rock  in 
place  bearing  gold,  silver,  cinnabar  or  copper."  The 
placer  law,  passed  July  9,  1870,  extended  this  right 
to  include  placer  deposits,  under  the  laws  governing 
the  location  of  placers,  which  includes  all  forms  of 
mineral  deposit,  except  veins  of  quartz  or  other  min- 
eral-bearing rock  in  place.  Later  in  1872  the  law 
was  further  amended,  and  provided  for  the  appro- 
priation of  lands  containing  veins  or  lodes  of  quartz 
or  other  rock  in  place  bearing  gold,  silver,  cinnabar, 
lead,  tin,  copper  or  other  valuable  deposits.  In  the 
matters  of  determining  the  character  of  lands 
claimed  by  locators  the  Land  Department  is  the  sole 
judge  of  the  character  of  the  land,  and  its  decision  is 
final.  That  department,  in  a  circular  of  instructions 
issued  some  time  since,  said  substantially  that  what 
constitutes  a  valuable  mineral  deposit  is,  whatever  is 
recognized  as  a  mineral  by  standard  authorities  on 
the  subject,  where  the  same  is  found  in  quantities 
and  quality  to  render  the  land  sought  to  be  patented 
more  valuable  on  this  account  than  for  agriculture, 
shall  be  treated  as  mineral. 

No  court  would  sustain  a  claim  based  on  the  mere 
occurrence  of  mineral  in  small  quantities.  For  in- 
stance, in  many  places,  copper,  lead  and  quicksilver 
ores  occur  in  small  quantities,  and  are  considered 
more  as  a  curiosity  than  as  a  valuable  mineral  de- 
posit. Such  as  these  would  not  be  considered  "valu- 
able "  in  the  sense  of  the  law.  On  the  other  hand,  a 
deposit  so  low  grade  in  mineral  contents  that  it 
could  not  be  worked  at  a  profit  at  the  present  .time 
by  reason  of  location,  price  of  the  product  of  the 
mine,  or  for  other  good  and  sufficient  reason,  in  a 
year  or  two  may  become  very  valuable  by  a  change 
in  the  conditions  which  to-day  render  it  practically 
valueless.  It  is  unlikely,  however,  that  the  courts 
and  the  Land  Department  would  condemn  a  large 
mineral  deposit  because  it  was  at  the  time  being  too 
low  grade  to  pay,  for  the  reasons  above  given.  But 
indications  or   traces    of    mineral,   such  as  copper 


stains,  small  bunches  or  flakes  of  cinnabar,  or  occa- 
sional colors  of  gold,  would  not  be  sufficient  to  render 
the  land  subject  to  classification  as  mineral.  Nor 
will  the  recording  of  a  certificate  of  location  render 
it  mineral  land,  for  the  claim  must  be  susceptible  to 
proof.  A  tract  cannot  be  assumed  to  be  more  valu- 
able for  mineral  for  the  reason  that  it  is  situated  in  a 
mineral  region  or  belt,  for  in  such  regions  there  is 
usually  much  land  wholly  without  mineral  values.  On 
the  whole  it  may  be  said  that  land  may  be  deemed 
sufficiently  valuable  to  be  classed  as  mineral  when 
the  deposit  is  actually  mineral  regardless  of  its  pres- 
ent worth,  and  on  the  other  hand,  the  occurrence  of 
small  bunches  and  streaks  of  mineral,  in  fact  mere 
indications,  would  not  stand  the  test  of  courts. 


Cost  of  Mine  Investment. 

When  a  mine  investment  is  contemplated  there  is 
much  that  must  be  given  consideration.  In  the  case 
of  a  mine  so  situated  that  a  small  or  relatively  inex- 
pensive plant  will  be  required,  and  where  the  prop- 
erty will  not  cost  a  very  large  amount,  the  risk  may 
be  said  to  be  reduced  to  a  minimum.  Take,  for  in- 
stance, some  of  the  telluride  gold  ore  deposits  which 
lie  upon  or  near  the  surface  of  some  of  the  ridges  in 
Terry's  peak  region  of  the  Black  Hills  of  South 
Dakota,  or  one  of  the  shallower  zinc  deposits  of  the 
Joplin  district  of  Missouri.  In  one  ease  practically 
no  surface  mining  plant  is  required,  and  the  ores  may 
be  shipped  to  custom  works,  or  a  plant  may  be  built 
for  the  beneficiation  of  the  ores.  In  the  other  in- 
stance the  ore  may  be  hoisted  by  means  of  a  small 
inexpensive  hoist,  and  sold  to  reduction  works  near 
at  hand  or  be  shipped  outside  of  the  district  for 
treatment.  In  either  case  the  investment  is  small, 
the  returns  prompt,  and  the  entire  operation  should 
prove  eminently  satisfactory. 

In  comparison  with  these  instances,  consider  the 
investment  which  requires  the  outlay  of  several  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars  in  the  first  cost  of  property, 
where  from  four  to  five  years  or  more  are  required 
to  sink  a  shaft  from  the  surface  to  the  vein,  as  is  the 
case  in  all  of  the  deepest  levels  of  the  Band.  No 
company  operating  on  the  Rand  deep  levels  considers 
the  outlay  of  $2,000,000,  before  the  mine  shall  have 
been  opened  sufficiently  to  justify  a  mill,  an  excessive 
investment.  Then  the  cost  of  a  large  mill,  such  as 
an  extensive  mine  should  have,  must  be  provided, 
and,  unless  connection  with  other  mine  workings  can 
be  made,  two  shafts  are  necessary  for  proper  ven- 
tilation of  the  property. 

The  large  capital  required  for  the  purchase,  equip- 
ment and  development  of  mines  of  this  class,  however, 
seem  to  be  no  obstacle  in  the  way  of  securing  suf- 
ficient money  to  float  enterprises  of  this  character. 
The  reason  for  this  is  that  there  is  confidence  in  the 
producing  capacity  of  the  mines.  The  extensive  de- 
velopment of  the  several  reefs  of  the  Rand  has  shown 
that  these  several  reefs  may  be  depended  upon  to 
average  a  given  tonnage  and  value  per  stated  sur- 
face area — taking  into  consideration,  also,  the  change 
in  dip  from  those  workings  near  the  surface  as  re- 
lated to  those  opened  at  great  depth.  It  has  been 
found  that  while  some  mines  are  decidedly  superior 
to  others,  by  reason  of  a  higher  grade  of  ore,  or  be- 
cause of  material  difference  in  character  of  the 
ground,  yet,  on  the  whole,  these  mines  may  be  de- 
pended upon  to  average  about  $10  per  ton  of  banket 
when  a  large  area  is  considered.  The  capital  outlay 
and  interest  on  the  investment  represent  in  most 
cases  nearly,  or  quite,  one-half  of  the  ore  available  in 
a  given  area — say,  about  200  acres.  This  at  once 
reduces  an  enterprise  of  this  size  to  a  $5  proposition. 
That  is,  before  any  actual  profit  can  be  realized, 
from  $2,000,000  to  $3,000,000,  representing  the  origi- 
nal outlay  in  purchase,  equipment  and  development 
of  the  property,  together  with  many  incidental  ex- 
penses, must  be  recovered  from  the  operation  of  the 
mine.  Thereafter  any  profit  resulting  from  mining 
operations  is  net,  and  it  is  to  make  this  distant  profit 
that  such  investments  are  made.  In  mining  oper- 
ations it  is  the  net  result,  and  not  altogether  the  size 
of  output,  that  makes  a  mining  proposition  attractive 
to  the  investor.  Notwithstanding  all  of  these  draw- 
backs, mining  is  popular,  for  the  reason  that  no 
other  form  of  investment  can  offer  such  promise  or 
assurance  of  "net  result"  on  a  stated  investment  as 
can  be  found  in  a  proven  mine — one  in  which  the  ore 


is  in  sight,  and  the  values  exposed  show  a  stated 
profit  above  cost  of  extraction,  reduction  and  certain 
fixed  charges  for  investment,  sinking  fund,  interest 
and  other  necessary  charges. 


Labor  Conditions  in  the  West. 

The  eight-hour  law  passed  by  the  last  Nevada  Leg- 
islature has  been  declared  unconstitutional  by  the 
court  of  that  State,  for  the  reason  that  the  text  of 
the  law  does  not  contain  the  words  "wherein  the 
life,  health  or  limb  is  jeopardized,"  which  would  have 
rendered  it  a  sanitary  measure.  It  was  the  provi- 
sions of  this  bill  that  precipitated  the  strike  at 
Searchlight,  where  the  miners  are  still  out.  Recently 
the  owners  of  the  mines  in  southern  Nevada  and 
southern  California  formed  a  combination  known  as 
the  Desert  Mine  Operators'  Association,  the  object 
of  which  is  stated  to  be  to  "protect,  foster  and 
develop  the  mining  industry  in  all  its  branches  in  the 
district  covered  by  the  association,"  and  that  they 
will  not  discriminate  between  union  and  non-union 
miners.  The  association  numbers  in  its  membership 
all  of  the  principal  operators  iu  California  south  of 
the  Tehachapi  mountains,  and  many  of  those  of  south- 
ern Nevada. 

In  British  Columbia,  after  a  strike  of  four  months, 
the  miners,  by  a  majority  vote,  have  agreed  to  re- 
turn to  work  under  practically  the  same  conditions 
as  those  obtaining  at  the  time  the  strike  was  de- 
clared. 

In  Colorado  the  smeltermen  are  out  at  Denver  and 
Colorado  City,  and  have  practically  tied  up  several 
plants.  The  courts  have  issued  an  injunction  re- 
straining the  strikers  from  picketing  or  in  any  man- 
ner interfering  with  the  business  of  the  smelters  of 
the  American  Smelting  &  Refining  Co.  The  strike 
threatens  to  involve  the  entire  smelting  industry  of 
the  State,  and  if  prolonged  must  also  seriously  affect 
the  mines  as  well,  whether  the  strike  extends  to 
them  directly  or  not,  for  a  large  portion  of  the  min- 
ing industry  of  Colorado  is  directly  dependent  upon 
the  smelters. 

In  Tuolumne  county,  Cal.,  a  number  of  important 
mines  are  closed,  the  miners,  who  are  members  of 
the  Western  Federation,  having  gone  on  strike 
because  of  a  refusal  of  the  operators  to  increase 
wages.  In  Yavapai  county,  Ariz.,  numerous  mines 
are  idle,  due  to  strikes  resulting  from  the  trouble 
over  the  eight-hour  legislative  day  which  was  enacted 
by  the  last  Territorial  Legislature. 


Canadian  Lead  Bounty. 

The  Canadian  Government  has  authorized  a  bounty 
on  lead  produced  and  smelted  in  the  Province  of 
British  Columbia.  The  miners  of  that  section  have 
long  bitterly  complained  that  they  were  working 
under  a  disadvantage  of  location,  and  made  a  deter- 
mined effort  to  secure  governmental  assistance  in 
the  development  of  the  large  resources  of  the  Prov- 
ince. The  bounty  as  announced  is  75  cents  per  hun- 
dredweight, or  three-quarters  of  a  cent  per  pound, 
a  substantial  increase  over  the  prevailing  price.  The 
maximum  amount  provided  for,  however,  is  $500,000. 
The  subsidy  will  be  operative  during  a  period  of  five 
years,  during  which  time  it  is  thought  the  industry 
may  be  placed  on  a  footing  which  will  render  it  self-sus- 
taining. Should  the  price  of  lead  in  London  go  above 
£12  10s  per  ton  of  2240  pounds— about  $2.80  per  hun- 
dred pounds — the  duty  shall  be  reduced  proportion- 
ately. The  English  colonies  in  no  case  receive  as 
much  for  their  lead  as  do  the  miners  of  the  United 
States.  There  are  large  silver-lead  mines  in  the 
Province  of  British  Columbia,  particularly  in  the 
Slocan  and  Kootenay  sections. 


THE  regeneration  of  cyanide  solutions  by  various 
means  is  a  subject  now  attracting  much  atten- 
tion among  workers  in  that  important  branch  of 
metallurgy.  This  has  been  successfully  accomplished 
by  means  of  sodium  sulphide,  and  experiments  are 
now  being  made  to  do  this  electrolytically.  Hereto- 
fore there  has  been  much  loss  of  cyanide,  particularly 
in  weak  solutions  and  wash  waters,  but  recent  dis- 
coveries indicate  that  the  time  is  not  far  distant 
when  a  stock  of  cyanide  will  remain  in  circulation  for 
a  long  time,  like  quicksilver  in  an  amalgamating  mill, 
without  serious  loss. 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


35 


9 9 

CONCENTRATES. 

0 o 


Mdriatic  acid — hydrochloric  acid  (HC1)— is  obtained 
largely  as  a  by-product  in  the  manufacture   of  soda-ash 
(crude  sodium  carbonate)  by  the  Le  Blanc  process. 
* 

It  Is  not  possible  to  even  approximately  "  give  the 
annual  consumption  of  dynamite  In  the  mines  of  the 
United  States."  The  Alaska-Treadwell  mines,  Douglas 
Island,  Alaska,  are  credited  with  an  annual  consumption 
of  1,000,000  pounds. 

* 

Photographs  of  veins,  above  and  below  ground,  of 
streams  of  water  or  springs,  and  Improvements  In  the 
way  of  flumes,  ditches,  etc.,  and  of  buildings  attached  to 
a  mine,  are  valuable  accessories  to  a  mine  report,  and 
should  accompany  the  same  whenever  convenient. 
* 

In  the  United  States  sapphires  have  been  obtained 
with  placer  gold,  In  gravel  deposits  along  the  Missouri 
river,  near  Canyon  Perry,  Mont.,  but  the  principal 
mines  for  which  are  in  Yogo  gulch,  Fergus  county, 
Mont.  North  Carolina  and  Georgia  also  produce  sap- 
phires. 

* 

Mica  schist  Is  sometimes  gold-bearing,  though  such 
deposits  are  very  Irregular  in  shape  and  values  scat- 
tered. When  a  mica  schist  or  a  mica  slate  becomes  gold- 
bearing  to  any  considerable  extent,  the  rock  is  usually 
more  siliceous  than  the  normal  rock.  The  mica  then 
often  disappears. 

It  IS  erroneous  to  presume  that  the  dipping  needle, 
often  employed  In  the  search  for  hidden  iron  ore,  will 
show  Its  greatest  deflection  when  directly  over  the  great- 
est mass  of  the  ore  deposit.  The  magnetic  attraction  is 
always  found  to  be  greatest  at  a  point  to  the  northward 
of  the  south  pole  of  the  deposit.  Another  fact  not  to  be 
neglected  In  the  use  of  the  dipping  needle  is  that  a  small 
mass  of  iron  near  the  surface  may  exercise  as  great  an 
influence  on  the  needle  as  a  larger  masB  at  a  greater  dis- 
tance below  the  surface. 

* 

"  Dip  "  In  mining  parlance,  in  mining  law  and  geology, 
means  the  departure  of  a  vein  in  its  downward  course, 
from  the  vertical  or  the  horizontal.  It  is  usually  meas- 
ured in  degrees  of  arc  from  the  horizontal.  Thus  a  vein 
said  to  dip  80°  stands  nearly  vertical  and  not  almoBt  flat. 
The  dip  of  a  vein  or  of  strata  is  at  right  angles  to  its 
strike.  In  a  vein  having  a  sinuous  course  both  strike 
and  dip  will  be  variable  in  direction,  but  the  angle  of  dip 
may  be  uniform.  It  is  the  privilege  of  a  claim  owner  to 
follow  thlB  "dip"  of  the  vein  beyond  the  side  lines  of 
the  claim  that  Is  known  as  the  extralateral  right. 
* 

Blanket  concentration  in  one  form  or  another 
has  long  been  practiced.  Bullock  and  other  hides  were 
employed  for  this  purpose  before  blankets.  Mats,  car- 
pets and  other  fabrics  were  used  for  the  same  purpose. 
The  employment  of  canvas  In  concentration  of  Blimes  is 
of  comparatively  recent  origin.  It  haB  been  in  ubo  in 
California  for  twenty  years  or  more.  Old  canvas  is  Baid 
to  concentrate  slimes  more  satisfactorily  than  new,  for 
the  reason  that  the  roughness  of  new  canvas  catches  a 
larger  amount  of  sand.  With  the  operators  of  canvas 
plantB  it  is  always  a  question  of  loss  by  fine  material  pass- 
ing over,  or  loss  by  catching  too  much  sand. 
* 

The  carat  is  the  unit  of  weight  In  valuing  gems,  and 
is  equal  to  3.2  grains  in  New  York  and  3.7  in  London, 
varying  according  to  different  authorities.  The  inter- 
national carat  is  3.168  grains.  The  term  originated  in 
the  division  of  a  gold  marc  (coin)  into  twenty-four  equal 
parts.  It  is  also  used  to  denote  the  proportion  of  gold  in 
an  alloy.  Thus  eighteen  carats  fine  means  that  the  alloy 
contains  eighteen  parts  gold  and  b!x  parts  other  metal, 
usually  silver  or  copper,  or  both.  There  is  no  difference 
between  grains  avoirdupois  or  grainB  troy,  but  there  is 
a  difference  In  the  avoirdupois  ounce  and  the  troy 
ounce.  The  avoirdupois  ounce  contains  437J  grains  and 
the  troy  ounce  equals  480  grains.  An  avoirdupois 
pound  containB  14  58  troy  ounces. 
* 

A  windlass  for  prospecting  work  should  have  the 
winding  cylinder  long  enough  or  of  sufficient  diameter  to 
accommodate  all  the  rope  required  to  sink  to  the  de- 
sired depth,  without  overlapping  on  the  drum.  A  shaft 
may  be  Bunk  with  windlass  to  100  feet  deep  and  more  by 
putting  four  men  on  the  cranks,  but  it  is  doubtful  If 
windlassing  is  profitable  below  70  feet.  For  long  lifts  a 
geared  windlass  is  sometimes  employed.  It  is  customary 
to  substitute  a  whip  or  whim  run  by  horBe  power  for  a 
windlass  when  the  Bhaft  becomes  too  deep  for  windlasB- 
ing,  and  it  is  not  desirable  or  expedient  to  put  in  a 
power  hoist.  The  so-called  "pig  tall"  hook  is"  not  a 
safe  device  for  men  to  work  under,  nor  is  a  loop  in  the 
rope  passed  through  the  ring  in  the  bale  of  the  bucket 
and  secured  by  a  Btick  more  so.  A  safety  hook  is  the 
best  device  where  it  is  necessary  to  detach  the  rope  from 
the  bucket  below  or  above  ground. 
* 

The  United  States  Statute,  Section  2320,  provides 
mining  claims  upon  veins  or  lodes  of  quartz  or  other 
rock  in  place,  bearing  gold,  silver,  cinnabar,  lead,  tin, 
copper,  or  other   valuable  deposits,  heretofore  located, 


shall  be  governed  as  to  length  along  the  vein  or  lode  by 
the  customs,  regulations  and  laws  In  force  at  the  date  of 
their  location.  A  mining  claim  located  after  May  10, 
1872,  whether  located  by  one  or  more  persons,  may  equal, 
but  shall  not  exceed,  1500  feet  in  length  along  the  vein  or 
lode,  but  no  location  of  a  mining  claim  Bhall  be  made 
until  the  discovery  of  the  vein  or  lode  within  the  limits 
of  the  claim  located.  No  claim  shall  extend  more  than 
300  feet  on  each  side  of  the  middle  of  the  vein  at  the  sur- 
face, nor  shall  any  claim  be  limited  to  lesB  than  25  feet 
on  each  side  of  the  middle  of  the  vein  at  the  surface, 
except  where  adverse  rights  existing  on  May  10,  1872, 
render  such  limitation  necessary.  The  end  lines  of  each 
claim  shall  be  parallel  to  eaoh  other. 
* 
The  spitzkasten  is  a  device  of  German  origin  employed 
to  effect  a  separation  of  fine  from  coarse  ore  and  gangue 
by  hydraulic  method.  It  consists  usually  of  a  rectangu- 
lar, sometimes  square  box,  having  a  pointed  bottom. 
The  material  to  be  sized  enters  through  a  launder  at  the 
top  and  the  coarse  passes  out  at  the  bottom,  the  fine 
flowing  out  near  the  top.  The  spitzlutte,  also  a  hydrau- 
lic classifying  device,  generally  consists  of  two  Inverted 
cones,  one  within  the  other.  The  pulp  to  be  sized  en- 
ters the  inner  cone,  the  coarse  passing  out  at  the  bottom, 
as  in  the  spitzkasten;  but  an  upward  current  of  water 
causes  the  slimes  to  remain  longer  in  suspension,  and 
thus  effects  a  more  complete  separation  of  fine  from 
coarse  material.  The  fine  slimes  pass  upward  in  the 
space  between  the  two  cones  and  flow  away  through  a 
launder.  Both  the  spitzkasten  and  spitzlutte  have  a 
variety  of  forms,  but  the  principles  employed  are  similar 
throughout. 

4 

Bornite— erube8cite,  "horseflesh  ore,"  peacock  cop- 
per—is  a  sulpide  of  copper  and  iron  (Cu3  PeS3),  brittle, 
hardness  =  3,  specific  gravity  =  5,  metallic  luster,  color 
between  copper-red  and  "pinchbeck  brown"  on  fresh 
fracture,  but  quickly  iridescent  from  tarnish.  Analyses 
of  massive  varieties  show  50%  to  70%  copper  and  15% 
Iron.  It  is  distinguished  by  Its  peculiar  reddish  color  on 
freBh  break  and  by  its  brilliant  tarnish.  Chalcopyrite 
(Cu  FeS2)  also  often  shows  an  iridescent  tarnish,  but  on 
fresh  fracture  is  brass-yellow.  Bornite  before  the  blow- 
pipe becomes  magnetic.  Bournonite  is  a  sulph-antimo- 
nate  (Pb  Cu  SbS3),  carrying  25%  antimony,  42%  lead 
and  13%  copper.  It  is  brittle,  with  brilliant  metallic  lus- 
ter, and  steel-gray,  inclining  to  blackish  lead-gray  color. 
It  Is  also  called  "wheel  ore,"  from  the  twining  action, 
forming  cruciform  and  wheel-shaped  crystals.  On  char- 
coal, with  blowpipe,  the  residue  treated  In  reducing 
flame  with  Boda  gives  a  globule  of  copper. 

The  Great  Basin  1b  a  large  area  of  territory  lying  east 
of  the  crest  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  mountains  of  Califor- 
nia and  high  mountains  in  eastern  Utah.  It  includes 
nearly  all  of  the  State  of  Nevada,  three-fourths  of  north- 
ern and  western  Utah,  a  portion  of  southeast  Oregon  and 
southwest  Idaho,  a  narrow  strip  along  eastern  California 
and  a  large  portion  of  southern  California,  known  as  the 
Mojave  and  Colorado  deserts,  and  extending  into  Lower 
California.  This  vast  territory  coverB  an  area  of  about 
210,000  square  miles  and  does  not  drain  Into  any  ocean, 
the  entire  drainage  being  absorbed  or  evaporated.  The 
average  rainfall  is  stated  to  be  about  7  inches  per  annum. 
It  is  estimated  that  the  annual  evaporation  of  the  Great 
Salt  lake  in  Utah  is  about  80  inches.  If  It  were  not  for 
the  rain  and  snow  fall  tributary  to  that  body  of  water  It 
would  in  the  course  of  a  few  years  cease  to  be  a  living 
lake  and  would  appear  as  a  dry  lake.  The  Great  Salt 
lake  IB  merely  a  remnant  of  a  once  greater  lake  known 
to  geologists  as  Lake  Bonneville.  It  was  at  least  five 
timeB  aB  large  as  the  present  Great  Salt  lake. 

ib 

Turquoise  is  a  hydrous  phosphate  of  aluminum,  col- 
ored by  copper.  It  occurs  In  velnlets  and  bunches  of 
irregular  size  and  form,  usually  In  lava  rocks,  particu- 
larly the  trachyteB,  sometimes  in  altered  clay  slates.  It 
is  sky  blue,  greenish  blue,  or  apple  green  in  color,  often 
greenish  gray.  The  pure  sky  blue  is  the  most  highly 
prized.  The  fracture  of  this  mineral  is  small  conchoidal, 
hardness  about  6,  and  is  brittle.  It  has  a  somewhat 
waxy  luster.  Turquoise  occurs  in  the  Los  Cerrillos  moun- 
tains, near  Santa  Fe,  and  in  the  Burro  mountains,  Grant 
county,  New  Mexico,  several  localities  in  Arizona,  Cali- 
fornia and  Nevada.  Chrysocolla,  a  silicate  of  copper,  is 
sometimes  mistaken  for  turquoise,  which  it  resembles  In 
color.  It  has  a  conchoidal  fracture,  but  is  much  softer 
than  turquoise,  being  2  to  4,  and  is  readily  scratched 
with  a  knife.  The  streak  is  white  when  pure.  Chryso- 
colla contains  silica  34.3,  copper  oxide  45.2  and  water 
20.5,  there  being  no  aluminum.  It  is  in  some  localities 
an  Important  ore  of  copper.  It  often  accompanies  other 
ores  of  copper  and  is  undoubtedly  a  product  of  the  alter- 
ation of  copper  sulphides. 

* 

Cupels  are  made  from  bone  ash  generally,  though 
other  substances,  notably  magneslte,  have  been  success- 
fully employed  in  cupel  making.  Experience  has  proven 
that  the  bones  of  horses  or  sheep  make  the  best  bone 
ash  for  this  purpose.  This  ash  consists  principally  of 
calcium  phosphate,  with  some  carbonate  and  a  little 
fluoride  of  calcium.  It  is  prepared  by  burning  the  bones 
until  they  become  white,  though  care  should  be  taken 
not  to  overheat  the  bones.  The  bone  ash  must  then  be 
pulverized,  sifted  and  washed  several  times  with  boiling 
distilled  water,  until  all  soluble  salts  are  removed.  The 
finest  particles  of  the  ash  will  remain  longest  in  suspen- 
sion in  the  wash  waters.    TheBe  must  be  allowed  to  set- 


tle separately,  and  may  be  used  In  giving  a  final  coating 
to  the  cupel.  The  cupel  mold  Is  filled  with  the  moistened 
ash  and  the  pestle  hammered  down  to  compress  the  ash 
Into  a  solid  cake.  The  pestle  is  then  turned  around  to 
smooth  the  surface  of  the  cupel.  The  pestle  is  then  re- 
moved and  a  small  quantity  of  the  fine  ash  sifted  over  it, 
and  the  pestle  again  hammered  into  the  mold.  Care 
must  be  taken,  however,  not  to  compress  the  cupel  too 
tightly  or  it  will  to  a  great  extent  lose  its  absorbent 
power  and  become  useless.  Cupels  should  be  thoroughly 
dried  before  using— at  first  under  a  low  heat,  which 
may  later  be  increased,  finishing,  if  need  be,  in  the  muffle 
of  the  furnace. 

* 

The  great  danger  involved  in  a  "  missed  hole  "  is  in 
the  men  who  put  In  the  shot  being  tempted  to  go  to  it, 
if  it  does  not  go  off  after  a  certain  time,  and  tinker  with 
it,  and  the  shot  may  not  have  actually  missed,  but  be 
smoldering,  and  go  off  while  they  are  near.  It  is  always 
claimed  by  electrical  men  that  an  electrically  fired  shot 
Is  safe  to  approach,  immediately  after  the  attempt  has 
been  made  and  has  failed,  but  from  the  reports  of  the 
mines  inspectors  this  does  not  appear  to  be  correct.  Ore 
nor  coal  are  not  like  a  cannon,  though  the  action  of  a 
shot,  which  properly  performs  its  work,  is  exactly  like 
the  action  of  a  charge  of  powder  fired  in  a  cannon,  the 
only  difference  being  that  the  force  of  the  explosion  is 
expended  in  shattering  the  coal  or  ore  Instead  of  In  ex- 
pelling the  shot.  When  the  shot  fires,  but  does  not 
shatter  the  coal,  or  the  rock  it  is  Intended  to  bring  down, 
the  action  is  similar  to  the  firing  of  a  blank  charge  from 
a  cannon,  the  shot  hole  forming  the  barrel  of  the  gun. 
It  sometimes  occurs  that  the  explosive  has  not  the  full 
power  it  is  supposed  to  have,  owing  to  proper  materials 
not  belDg  used,  or  to  Its  having  deteriorated,  and  It  also 
sometimes  happens  that  there  are  cracks  in  the  coal  or 
rock,  especially  when  the  shot  is  not  fired  immediately, 
and  the  squeeze  from  the  overlying  strata  has  time  to 
operate,  and  In  those  cases  the  shot  may  be  blown  out, 
or  it  may  be  expended  uselessly,  but  with  danger  to  the 
attendants,  in  the  cracks,  etc.,  and  may  be  smoldering. 
ik 

Where  land  is  located  on  the  public  domain  as  placer, 
known  lodes  or  veins  are  excepted  and  cannot  be  in- 
cluded by  the  placer  claimant.  What  constitutes  a 
known  vein  or  lode  has  been  made  clear  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States,  says  "Lindley  on  Mines." 
Where  a  vein  or  lode  location  has  been  made  under  the 
law,  and  Its  boundaries  have  been  specifically  marked  on 
the  surface  so  as  to  be  readily  traced,  and  notice  of  the 
location  is  recorded  In  the  usual  books  of  record  within 
the  district,  it  may  be  Bafely  said  that  the  vein  or  lode  is 
known  to  exist,  although  personal  knowledge  of  the  fact 
may  not  be  possessed  by  the  applicant  for  placer  claim. 
The  Information  which  the  law  requires  the  locator  to 
give  the  public  must  be  deemed  sufficient  to  acquaint  the 
applicant  with  the  existence  of  the  vein  or  lode  (Noyes 
vs.  Mantle,  127  U.  S.,  348),  but  a  valid  lode  location  can 
only  be  predicated  on  a  discovery  of  a  vein  of  quartz  or 
other  rock  in  place  carrying  valuable  deposits  sufficient 
to  justify  the  expenditure  of  time  and  money  for  its  de- 
velopment, and  such  discovery  muBt  be  shown  before  the 
location  notice  or  its  record  will  possess  any  force  aB 
against  a  placer  claimant.  *  *  *  The  knowledge  of 
the  existence  of  a  lode  is  not  presumed  from  the  mere 
production  of  a  recorded  notice  ante-dating  the  location 
of  the  placer."  It  Is  plainly  the  intent  of  the  law  not  to 
include  any  lode  or  vein,  the  existence  of  which  waB  pre- 
viously known,  but  not  considered  worth  locating.  The 
mining  law  also  gives  claim  holders  the  right  to  cut  tim- 
ber on  their  claims  for  their  own  domestic  use,  mining 
purposes,  etc. 

* 

Mica  Is  usually  not  difficult  of  determination  if  the 
scales  are  large  enough  to  be  distinctly  seen  and  handled 
by  the  point  of  a  knife.  There  are  several  varieties  of 
mica,  some  of  which  have  commercial  value  when  in 
merchantable  condition.  The  most  common  is  musco- 
vite,  or  potash,  mica.  This  is  the  ordinary  mica  of  com- 
merce. By  transmitted  light  it  is  various  shadeB  of  yel- 
low, green  and  brown,  wine  color,  etc.  It  is  an  essential 
constituent  of  gneiss  and  granite  and  is  sometimes  found 
in  quartz-porphyry,  but  never  in  other  eruptive  rocks. 
Phlogophite  is  a  magnesian  mica  having  a  pearly  luster 
and  is  often  sub  metallic  on  the  cleavage  faces  ;  color  yel- 
lowish brown  and  brownish  red,  with  copper-like  reflec- 
tions. When  a  small  candle  flame  is  viewed  through 
thin  plates  of  this  variety  of  mica  it  shows  commonly  a 
six-rayed  star.  Phlogophite  occurs  mostly  in  the  older 
crystalline  rocks,  such  as  Archaean  granular  limestone. 
Margarite,  or  pearl  mica,  is  tabular,  scaly  or  massive, 
and,  unlike  other  micas,  is  brittle.  In  color  it  is  white, 
grayish,  reddish,  yellowish,  sub-translucent.  It  is  com- 
monly found  with  corundum.  It  is  a  lime-alumina  mica. 
Biotite  is  the  black,  brown  or  green,  dark-colored  iron- 
magnesia  mica.  It  occurs  commonly  in  many  rocks — in 
diorite,  some  volcanic  rooks,  and  more  rarely  in  granite, 
not  uncommon  in  grano-diorite.  It  iB  completely  decom- 
posed by  Bulphuric  acid.  It  is  more  abundant  in  acid 
than  in  basic  rocks.  Margarodite,  a  talc-like  mica, 
though  not  a  magneBian  mica,  is  scaly  to  granular,  and 
has  a  bright,  pearly,  sub-metallic  luster.  It  is  a  variety 
of  muscovite.  Sericite  is  a  fine,  scaly  muscovite,  united 
in  fibrous  aggregates,  and  is  characterized  by  its  silky 
luster.  Lepidolite  is  lithia  mica.  It  occurs  in  plateB  and 
granular  masses,  coarse  or  fine  ;  luster  pearly,  color  rose 
red,  violet  gray,  lilac,  yellowish  white.  It  occurs  in  gran- 
ite, gneiss,  and  particularly  in  granitic  veins  of  coarBe 
crystallization. 


36 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  18,  1903. 


Approximate  Data  of  Open  Streams, 
Weirs,  Pipes,  Etc. 

Written  lor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  F.  s.  Beckett. 

The  conventional  formula  or  table,  while  indispen- 
sable, is  at  best  fragmentary,  often  requiring  much 
labor  and  calculation  to  complete  the  story.  This 
may  not  be  a  serious  matter  to  the  student  with 
time  and  a  reference  library  at  his  command  but  to 
the  practical  man  in  the  field  facts  and  conclusions 
receive  an  added  value  from  the  ease  and  prompt- 
ness with  which  they  can  be  secured.  The  accom- 
panying graphic  table  is  an  attempt  to  give  in  a 
form  suitable  for  ready  reference  the  results  and 
conclusions  of  the  formulae  most  often  required  in  the 
line  of  work  indicated  by  the  title. 

A  good  way  to  use  the  table,  for  one  sufficiently 
interested,  is  to  form  a  strong  mental  picture  of  the 
various    curves  and  scales.     It  is  then  surprising 


1.  What  is  a  rough  estimate  of  the  quantity  of 
water  by  means  of  the  chips  ? 

Start  from  96  feet,  "  Velocity  at  Surface,"  thence 
down  obliquely  left  to  80  feet,  "Velocity  Feet  per 
Minute;"  thence  vertically  up  to  3  feet,  "Area 
Stream ;  "  thence  horizontally  left  to  240  feet,  "  Quan- 
tity Cubic  Feet  per  Minute,"  or  160  "Miner's 
Inches."    Ans.  1. 

2.  If  this  quantity  is  correct,  what  should  be  the 
depth  of  stream  of  a  quadrantal  weir  1 

Start  from  240  feet,  "Quantity  Cubic  Feet  per 
Minute,"  thence  down  obliquely  right  to  14  inches, 
"Depth  Quadrantal  Weir."    Ans.  2. 

3.  What  should  be  the  depth  of  stream  of  a  26- 
inch  rectangular  weir  with  contraction  suppressed  ? 

Start  from  240  feet,  "  Quantity  Cubic  Feet  per 
Minute,"  thence  horizontally  right  to  a  point  vert- 
ically down  from  26  inches,  "Width  Rectangular 
Weir,  no  Contraction,"  which  point  is  on  8  inches 
"  Depth  Rectangular  Weir ."    Ans.  3. 


7.  Give  the  corresponding  average  velocity. 
Start  from  11  inch,  "Grade  Inches  per  100  Feet ;  " 

thence  vertically  up  to  "Area  -*-  Wet  Perimeter  = 
.6;"  thence  horizontally  right  to  "Earth  in  Good 
Order; "  thence  vertically  down  to  80  feet,  "Velocity 
Feet  per  Minute,"  or  1J  foot,  "Velocity  Feet  per  Sec- 
ond."   Ans.  7. 

8.  What  will  be  the  friction  head  of  the  pipe  lead- 
ing to  the  wheel  ? 

Start  from  160  "Miner's  Inches,"  thence  horizon- 
tally right  to  14-inch  "  Riveted  Pipe; "  thence  verti- 
cally down  to  700  feet,  "  Length  Pipe  ;  "  thence  hori- 
zontally right  to  junction;  thence  down  obliquely  left 
to  3}  feet,  "Friction  Head  Closed  Pipe."    Ans.  8. 

9.  Give  the  effective  head  of  the  same  pipe. 
Start  from  3}  feet,  "Friction  Head  Closed  Pipe," 

thence  up  obliquely  right  to  junction;  thence  hori- 
zontally right  to  a  point  vertically  up  from  160  feet, 
"Theoretical  Head;"  thence  up  obliquely  right  to 
end  of  oblique  section  lines;    thence  down  obliquely 


APPROX/MATE  DATA 


OPEN  STREAMS  ,  WE/PS,  P/PES ,  ETC. 

QIPECTIOA/S.-Erom  known  quantities,  proceed  .   paralleling  dotted    lin.es,  to  desired,    information. 


W/Dr/f  PECT  '  WEIR  (ENDS  COMT'O) 


PEVOLUT/OA/S    W/fEEL  I'M/Alj 

•  I  soo         /ooo       /soo    aooo 

J  '  'll  '  '  I  '  '   I.1  '  I  '  '  I  '  'J 


.OS" ./ 


4REA   NOZZIE   (EV 
./6".3'  .JS'.J'  .JS'  /*'  #S' 


ES.BEC/CETT. 


'/£  r  /%■         a 

GRAPE  (IA/.  PER  /OO  ETl 


r  2:  j1 

VELOCITY    tET.    PER    J.) 


&■  8'  ?'  «"  s'  <?'  j'   z'   r 

EP/CT/OA/  J/E/ID  CLOSED  PIPE 


zo'ao1  SO'  SO'  IOO'       /fO'       /SO 
THEOHET/C^L  t/E4D 


with  what  ease  problems  can  be  solved  off-hand  and 
with  fairly  accurate  results. 

As  it  is  only  intended  to  give  approximate  results, 
small  losses  have  not  been  taken  into  account.  No 
allowance  has  been  made  for  strong  head  winds, 
evaporation  or  leakage.  Hydraulic  riveted  pipe,  be- 
ing used  to  such  great  extent,  is  alone  con- 
sidered and  is  supposed  to  be  clean,  free  from 
short  ourves  and  valves,  and  with  a  perfectly  shaped 
taper  and  nozzle. 

The  following  problems  are  given  to  show  the 
scope  and  application  of  the  table: 

Example  1  (indicated  by  heavy  dotted  lines). — 
An  open  stream  is  found  by  measurement  to 
have  an  area  of  3  square  feet.  Chips  dropped 
on  the  surface  float  at  an  average  velocity  of 
96  feet  per  minute.  It  is  proposed  to  conduct  the 
water  across  a  deep  ravine  through  900  feet  of  14- 
inch  riveted  pipe;  thence  through  a  ditch  3  feet  wide 
by  1  foot  depth  of  stream,  through  good,  solid  earth 
to  a  penstock;  thence  down  160  feet  through  700  feet 
of  similar  pipe  to  a  wheel  rated  at  85%  efficiency, 
which  wheel  is  to  be  belted  to  a  compressor  rated  at 
40%  efficiency. 


difference  between  the 


4.  What  should   be    the 
levels  of  the  two  streams  ? 

Start  from  240  feet,  "  Quantity  Cubic  Feet  per 
Minute,"  thence  horizontally  right  to  14-inch  "  Riv- 
eted Pipe ; "  thence  vertically  down  to  900  feet, 
"Length  Pipe;"  thence  horizontally  left  to  4}  feet, 
"  Actual  Head  Open  Pipe."    Ans.  4. 

5.  Give  the  limits  of  the  velocity  in  the  ditch  that 
would  prevent  a  growth  of  vegetation  and  at  the 
same  time  not  erode  the  banks. 

"  Earth  in  Good  Order  - 
1  foot  to  2}  feet."    Ans.  5. 


Limiting  Velocities  = 


6.     Give  the  proper  grade  for  the  proposed  ditch. 

Start  from  160  "Miner's  Inches,"  thence  horizon- 
tally right  to  3  feet  "  Area  Stream  ; "  thence  verti- 
cally down  to  "  Earth  in  Good  Order  ;  "  thence  hori- 
zontally left  to   "Area  -s-   Wet  Perimeter  =  .6" 

(or  Qi  i  ii  =  •&)',  thence  vertically  down  to  If  inch, 

"  Grade  Inches  per  100  Feet ; "  or  1+  inch,  "Grade 
Inch  per  Rod."    Ans.  6. 


'  Effective  Head."    Ans.  9. 
P.  developed  by  the  water. 


right  to  156}  feet, 

10.  Give  the  H. 
Start  from  156}  feet,  "Effective  Head,"  thence  up 

obliquely  left  to  end  of  oblique  section  lines;  thence 
vertically  up  to  a  point  horizontally  right  from  160 
"Miner's  Inches;  "  thence  up  obliquely  right  parallel 
to  curved  section  lines  to  60  "  H.  P.  Wheel."    Ans.  10. 

11.  What  should  be  the  effective  H.  P.  of  the 
compressor  ? 

Start  from  60  "  H.  P.  Wheel,"  thence  up  obliquely 
left  to  end  of  oblique  section  lines;  thence  vertically 
up  to  40%,  "Efficiency  Power  Transformers;"  thence 
horizontally  right  to  24  "  H.  P.  Developed  by  Trans- 
formers."    Ans.  11. 

12.  What  will  be  the  pressure  of  water  when  the 
wheel  is  running  ? 

Start  from  upper  left  corner  at  156}  feet,  "  Effect- 
ive Head,"  thence  horizontally  right  to  68  pounds, 
"Pressure  per  Square  Inch."     Ans.  12. 

13.  What  spouting  velocity  corresponds  to  that 
head  ? 

Start  from  156}  feet,  "Effective  Head,"  thence  hori- 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


37 


zontally  right  to  6000  feet,  "Spouting  Velocity  Feet 
per  Minute,"  or  100  feet,  "Spouting  Velocity  Feet 
per  Second."     Ans.  13. 

14.  What  should  be  the  peripheral  velocity  of  the 
wheel  ? 

Start  from  156J  feet  "Effective  Head,"  thence 
horizontally  right  to  3000  feet,  "Peripheral  Velocity 
Wheel  Feet  per  Minute,"  or  50  feet,  "Peripheral 
Velocity  Wheel  Feet  per  Second."    Ans.  14. 

15.  What  diameter  wheel  should  be  used  to  give 
250  revolutions  per  minute  1 

Start  at  156J  feet  "  Effective  Head,"  thence  hori- 
zontally right  to  a  point  vertically  down  from  260 
"  Revolutions  Wheel  per  Minute,"  which  point  is  on 
4  feet  "Diameter  Wheel."     Ans.  15. 

16.  What  diameter  nozzle  ring  should  be  used  1 
Start  from   156*  feet,  "Effective  Head,"  thence 

horizontally  right  to  a  point  horizontally  right,  then 
up  obliquely  right,  then  vertically  up  from  160 
"Miner's  Inches;"  thence  up  obliquely  left,  parallel 
to  curved  section  lines  to  21  inches,  "Diameter  Noz- 
zle."   Ans.  16. 

Answers  may  be  found  to  problems  relating  to 
open  streams  varying  in  sectional  shape,  size  and 
character  of  bed. 

Problem  2. — A  rough  plank  flume  4  feet  wide  by  2 
feet  depth  of  stream  is  given  a  grade  of  4.75  feet  per 
mile.     What  will  be  the  velocity? 

Solution.— Start  from  4}  feet,  "  Grade  Feet  per 
Mile,"  thence  down  obliquely  right  to  1.1  inch, 
"Grade  Inches  per  100  Feet;"  thence  vertically 
up  to  "Area  ■+■  Wet  Perimeter"  =  1 ;  thence  horizon- 
tally right  to  "  Unplaned  Plank  ;  "  thence  vertically 
down  to  3.8  feet,  "Velocity  Feet  per  Second,"  or  228 
feet,  "  Velocity  Feet  per  Minute."     Ans. 

By  extending  curves  and  scales  the  range  of  the 
table  may  be  increased  by  a  rough  guess. 

Problem  3 — If,  in  problem  1,  a  12-inch  pipe  is 
used,  what  will  be  the  friction  head  ? 

Extend  curve  "  12-inch  Riveted  Pipe  "  to  a  point 
horizontally  right  from  160  "Miner's  Inches."  Ex- 
tend line  "700  feet  Length  Pipe  "  to  a  point  verti- 
cally down  from  point  1 ;  thence  horizontally  left  to 
beginning  of  oblique  section  lines ;  thence  down 
obliquely  left  to  7}-feet,  "Friction  Head  Closed  Pipe." 
Ans. 

The  following  formulae  and  rules  of  proportion, 
taken  for  the  most  part  from  Kent's  "Mechanical 
Engineering"  and  Randall's  "Practical  Hydraulics," 
include  those  used  in  the  preparation  of  the  table, 
with  the  addition  of  others  which  may  be  used  to 
increase  its  range  or  seoure  greater  accuracy  for 
extreme  quantities: 

Rectangular  weir,  no  contraction  : 

q  =  3.33  1  h*; 

q  :  q,  =  1  :  ],. 
Rectangular  weir,  full  contraction  : 

q  =  3.33  (1  -  .2h)  b*; 

q  :  q,  =  1  :  1/. 
Quadrantal  weir  : 

q  =  2.6365  h*. 
Friction  water  in  pipe  : 

,  _  l(4v2  +5v-2). 


1000  D 

f. 

f,  =  1  :  ],  =  v2  :  v,2  =  q2 

q 

:  q,  =  a  :  a,  =  d2  :  d,2  ; 

h' 

=  h-f; 

q 

=  v  a. 

Pressure  water  : 

P 

=  .434  h ; 

h 

=  2.3p; 

P 

:  p,  =  h  :  h,. 

Spouting  velocity  water : 

V 

=  i/2gh'  =  8.02/  h"; 

V 

V/  =  t/67  :  VbT,. 

Peripheral  velocity  wheel  : 

V 

=  .5  /2g  h'  =  4.01  t/&'; 

V 

:  v,  =  i/h'  :VW„ 

(Cox.) 


q/ 


Revolutions  wheel : 


r  c  =  .5^2  gh'  =  4.01  j/h' ; 
r  :  i,  —  d/  :  d . 


Nozzle  ring  : 
a  = 


7854' 
d2  X  .7854  = 


i/2gh' 


q  =  a/2gh'  =  8  02ai/n'; 

q  :  q,  =  a  :  a,  =  da  :  d,2  =  D2  :  D,2 


Open  streams 
1.811 


+  41.6  + 


.00281 


>(R  8)*  ;   (Kutter.) 


62  5  pounds  =  7.48  gallons 
11.22  gallons 


1  +(4i.6  +  :00281\» 
V  s     /Ri 

v  =  .83  v. 
Horse  power  water : 

H.  P.  =  .284  h'ie=  .00189  h'  Q  e  =  .000031 
H  62.5  Q^i'  e  _   62.5  q  h' . 

q  33,000  550       ' 

H.  P.  :  H.  P.,  =  h'  :  h',  =  q  :  q,  =  Q  :  Q,. 
Horse  power  developed  by  power  users  : 

H.  P.  =  H.  P.  water  X  e  power  users. 

Safe  thickness  iron  riveted  pipe  : 

t=         Pp 

50U0  to  8000' 

1  cubic  foot  water 
i  miner's  inch. 

1  miner's  inch  =  93.75  pounds 
li  cubic  foot  per  minute. 

Notation  : 

a  =  area — feet. 

e  =  circumference — feet. 

d  =  diameter — feet. 

D  =  diameter — inches. 

e  =  efficiency. 

f  =  friction  head — feet. 

g  =  32.16. 

h  =  head — feet. 

h'  =  effective  head — feet. 

H.  P.  =  horse  power. 

i  =  miner's  inches. 

1  =  length — feet. 

n  =  coefficient  of  roughness  of  stream  bed. 

.009  =  planed  lumber,  perfect  order. 

.010  =  cement. 

.012  =  unplaned  wooden  flumes. 

.013  =  brickwork. 

.015  =  canvas  lining. 

.017  =  rubble,  also  earth  in  highly  regular  cases. 

.020  =  coarse  rubble,  set  dry  in  bad  condition, 
very  firm,  regular  gravel. 

.0325  =  dry,  coarse  rubble  in  bad  order  ;  earth 
canals  and  channels  above  average. 

.025  =  earth,  canals  and  channels  in  good  order. 

.030  =  earth,  canals  and  channels  in  bad  order. 

.035  =  rivers  and  canals  in  bad  order,  overgrown 
with  vegetation  and  strewn  with  stones. 

.070  =  rivers  in  earth,  with  stones  and  weeds  in 
great  quantities. 

p  =  pressure  per  square  inch. 

q  =  quantity — cubic  feet  per  second. 

Q  =  quantity — cubic  feet  per  minute. 

r  =  revolutions  per  second. 

R  =  hydraulic  mean  depth  = . 

wet  perimeter 
s  =  sine  of  slope, 
t  =  thickness — inches, 
v  =  average  velocity — feet  per  second, 
v'  =  velocity  at  surface — feet  per  second. 

Problem  4. — If,  in  problem  1,  50  revolutions  were 
required,  what  should  be  the  new  diameter  of  the 
wheel  ? 

Solution  by  proportion : 

A       A  A  dr         4  X  250  on   t     <- 

d  :  d/  =  Tj  :  r  or  a,  —  —  =  — ^z —  =  20  feet 
v,  50 

diameter.    Ans. 

Solution  to  problem  2  by  formula  : 


(Rs)4 


(1  X  .0009)*  =3.8 


velocity  feet  per  second.     Ans. 


Hand  vs.  Machine  Drilling. 

In  the  mines  of  the  Rand  the  subject  of  machine  vs. 
hand  drilling  has  received  much  attention.  The  con- 
clusion reached  there  is  that  where  circumstances 
are  favorable,  machine  drilling  in  the  stopes  is  car- 
ried on  with  considerable  success.  In  narrow  stopes, 
however,  time  is  wasted  in  the  frequent  shifting  of 
the  drill,  and  unless  the  hanging  and  footwalls  are 
extremely  hard,  there  is  the  drawback  of  the 
greater  amount  of  waste  country  rock  brought  down 
by  the  heavier  blasting  charges  used;  and  this,  com- 
bined with  the  larger  amount  of  fines  produced, 
which  cannot  be  sorted,  has  a  detrimental  effect  on 
the  milling  returns.  Where  the  stopes  are  fairly 
wide  and  the  dip  flat,  however,  a  great  saving  can 
be  effected  by  the  use  of  machine  drills. 


Hilling  With  Hachine  Drills. 


NUMBER  II— CONCLUDED. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
E.  L.  L.E  Fevre. 

Where  a  number  of  machines  are  running  it  is  ad- 
visable to  have  an  assortment  of  bars.  One  man 
may  require  one  3J  feet  long  for  a  horizontal  set  up; 
another  may  find  a  9-foot  support  none  too  long  for  a 
vertical  position. 

The  simple  bar  with  a  jaekscrew  in  one  end  is 
preferable  to  the  column  of  fixed  dimensions  set  upon 
a  jack  block  with  double  screws  for  all  stoping  work. 

In  filled  stopes  the  tripod  is  an  unmitigated  nui- 
sance. In  square-setted  stopes  too  wide  for  bars 
they  can  be  tolerated.  The  use  of  an  arm  to  the  bar 
is  seldom  required  for  big  machines  in  stopes,  as  they 
are  powerful  enough  to  drive  a  heavy  bodied  drill 
across  hard  rock  diagonally  after  the  hole  is  prop- 
erly started,  and  the  runner  knows  his  business. 

In  setting  up  the  machine  the  judgment  of  the 
runner  is  shown  more  than  in  any  other  work  on  a 
machine.  Peculiarities  of  vein  structure,  direction 
of  slips  and  contour  of  intrusions,  must  be  carefully 
noted  and  advantage  taken  of  all  favorable  condi- 
tions. All  blocking  should  be  of  sound,  tough  tim- 
ber, reasonably  free  from  knots.  Sawed  wedges  are 
preferable.  They  should  be  1  foot  long  and  of  vary- 
ing widths  and  thickness  at  butt  end.  Blocking 
faced  on  one  side  and  rounded  on  other  answers  very 
well,  the  rounded  side  being  placed  next  the  bar 
shoe.  Blocking  should  be  confined  to  one  end  of  the 
bar  if  possible,  preferably  to  the  jacking  end,  a  wide 
wedge  or  2-inch  piece  properly  wedged  answers 
nicely  for  the  opposite  end.  The  blocking  and  plank 
should  fit  squarely  on  the  shoes;  if  necessary  the  bar 
should  be  deflected  to  meet  this  requirement.  Wet, 
slimy  surfaces  should  be  scored  with  a  moyle  or  pick 
to  roughen  the  face  so  as  to  give  holding  power  and 
prevent  wedges  slipping. 

In  filled  stopes  the  vertical  set-up  is  to  be  pre- 
ferred for  many  reasons.  The  bar  may  be  slanted  to 
meet  inequalities  in  the  roof:  cleavage  planes  in  fis- 
sures are  apt  to  parallel  the  walls;  handling  machine 
is  facilitated  by  it.  Great  care  should  be  taken  to 
avoid  extremely  hard  or  soft  masses  at  angles  impos- 
sible to  drill.  A  vertical  set-up  allows  small  latitude 
laterally  to  correct  deflections  of  the  drill,  yet  a 
careful  inspection  of  the  vein  mass  will  usually  admit 
of  locating  the  machine  so  that  small  inconvenience 
thereby  results  and  a  six-round  hole  in  an  8-foot 
breast  may  be  readily  drilled  in  a  shift.  In  setting 
up  on  the  edge  of  slanting  declivities  in  the  stope  the 
bottom  timbers  used  for  blocking  should  be  laid 
parallel  with  the  walls  of  the  vein.  Where  rock  sus- 
taining walls  are  built  they  must  be  carefully  laid 
and  each  course  filled  in  with  fine  stuff  to  prevent 
uneven  settling.  By  using  precautions  in  prepara- 
tion a  great  many  mishaps  can  be  avoided  and  the 
annoyance  of  having  a  machine  fall  down  rendered 
impossible.  In  "jacking  up  "  the  bar  it  is  better  to 
do  it  a  little  at  a  time,  thus  giving  the  rubble  end  a 
chance  to  settle  and  avoid  splitting  the  foot  block  by 
applying  too  much  pressure  at  one  time. 

Having  secured  the  machine  in  the  proper  posi- 
tion, about  two  ounces  of  oil  may  be  poured  into  the 
hose,  gaskets  (those  made  of  fuse  are  good)  inserted 
and  the  hose  tightly  connected  with  the  machine. 
The  runner  should  then  go  carefully  over  the  ma- 
chine, inspecting  every  nut  and  bolt.  Nine  out  of  ten 
breakages  of  crossheads,  feed  screws  and  shell  rods 
are  due  to  neglect  in  not  tightening  rods  properly. 
In  drilling  a  round  of  holes  the  ground  to  be  broken 
should  be  carefully  inspected,  and  the  physical  char- 
acteristics noted  in  minute  detail.  An  observance  of 
this  rule  will  benefit  any  machine  runner,  no  matter 
how  long  he  has  been  at  the  business,  as  it  gives  one 
a  good  idea  of  the  salient  features  of  vein  structure 
and  affords  a  basis  for  reasoning  when  locating  the 
set-up. 

By  breasting  is  by  far  the  most  desirable  method 
of  carrying  a  stope,  and  to  keep  it  properly  faced 
requires  not  a  little  judgment  of  angles  and  distance. 
Here  again  is  where  a  vertical  set-up  has  superior 
advantages  in  allowing  the  proper  pitch  to  be  given 
the  holes  and  permit  a  correct  vertical  spacing. 
Where  water  is  difficult  to  obtain  this  is  a  very  im- 
portant point.  Again,  all  machines  necessarily  have 
some  play  in  the  shell;  this  is  at  a  minimum  where 
the  edge  of  the  guides  bears  the  strain.  In  starting 
holes  at  angles  there  is  always  a  tendency  for  the 
drill  to  deflect  in  some  direction,  generally  with  the 
slant  of  the  face;  the  upright  bar  makes  it  easy  to 
correct  this  tendency. 

The  holes  on  opposite  sides  of  the  vein  should  be 
pitched  at  different  angles  from  a  common  plane. 
This  minimizes  the  chance  of  one  hole  shooting  out 
another.  Each  and  every  hole  should  have  a  cor- 
relative value  to  all  the  others. 

It  is  a  difficult  matter  to  start  a  hole  in  hard  rock 
where  the  face  plane  is  not  at  a  right  angle  with  the 
drill  bit;  this  may  usually  be  overcome  by  lowering  the 
machine  on  the  bar  and  changing  the  pitch,  drilling 
a  few  inches,  then  raising  the  machine  and  catching 
the  edge  of  the  hole  thus  started.  In  soft  rock, 
holding  the  shank  of  a  drill  against  the  face,  shorten- 


38 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  18, 1903. 


ing  the  stroke  and  using  the  least  possible  power  at 
first,  will  accomplish  the  desired  end. 

Having  started  a  hole  free  from  rifliDg,  great  care 
should  be  taken  to  keep  it  straight,  deflections  in 
any  direction  should  be  met  by  promptly  changing 
the  adjustment.  Too  much  stress  cannot  be  placed 
upon  this  feature  of  machine  work,  for  therein  lies  a 
cardinal  secret  of  successful  machine  operating. 
Many  a  "  failure  "  may  know  all  about  a  machine, 
and  be  posted  on  the  tricks  of  drilling,  yet  never  be 
able  to  put  in  a  symmetrical  round  of  holes  because 
of  negligence,  laziness  or  ignorance  of  this  vital  point. 

The  first  drill  used  should  be  sharp,  with  a  big  full 
length  barrel,  and  perfectly  straight.  By  leaving 
the  weld  unswaged  the  joint  of  body  and  barrel 
steadies  the  drill  after  it  once  gets  beyond  the  collar 
of  the  hole.  Beware  of  using  slender- bodied,  nub- 
bitted  drills  in  starting  holes  in  hard  rock  where 
difficulties  are  to  be  expected.  A  tendency  to  rifle 
should  be  met  at  once  by  changing  the  stroke  length 
and  increasing  the  power.  If  the  drill  is  even 
slightly  dulled  put  in  a  sharp  one. 

In  case  a  hole  runs  off,  the  machine  should  be 
moved  in  the  direction  the  drill  deflects  until  the  bar- 
rel rests  on  the  side  of  the  hole;  this  gives  a  long 
bearing  and  makes  it  possible  to  cut  into  a  harder 
stratum  of  rock  at  an  obtuse  angle.  When  a  drill 
sticks  in  a  hole  and  fails  to  clear  itself  when  struck 
by  the  chuck  wrench,  it  should  be  taken  out  at  once 
and  the  cause  investigated.  More  machines  are 
broken  by  reckless  pounding  in  trying  to  force  a 
drill  than  by  any  other  thing.  If  a  drill  is  used  too 
long  and  the  next  length  won't  go  to  the  bottom  of 
the  hole  by  a  few  inches,  it  may  be  made  to  work  by 
inserting  the  shank  into  the  chuck,  cranking  up 
close,  turning  on  power  without  tightening  the  chuck 
nuts  and  driving  it  to  the  bottom  of  the  hole,  then 
taking  back  and  driving  the  bit  down  on  a  different 
place;  the  third  change  will  clear  the  hole.  This 
running  with  a  loose  chuck  makes  it  possible  when 
the  drill  is  held  fast;  by  driving  it  up  and  turning  it 
with  the  hands  on  the  back  stroke  the  slight  depth  is 
gained  which  is  needed  by  the  reciprocating  mechan- 
ism and  piston  to  permit  their  working  properly. 
The  character  of  the  rock  and  the  percentage  of 
moisture  present  has  a  marked  influence  on  the 
proper  angle  at  which  a  hole  should  be  pitched;  the 
stroke  length  is  also  a  factor  not  to  be  ignored,  as  a 
machine  having  a  long  stroke  will  pull  a  drill  out  of  a 
hole  where  a  short-stroked  drill.won't  budge.  A  long 
barrel  behind  the  bit  likewise  plays  a  part  in  keep- 
ing the  drill  dirt  stirred  up  and  moving  toward  the 
mouth  of  the  hole.  A  dry  rock  of  even  texture  may 
be  drilled  practically  flat  whether  it  cuts  coarse  or 
fine.  On  the  other  hand,  a  close-grained  rock  cutting 
fine  cannot  be  drilled  horizontally  if  a  small  amount 
of  moisture  is  present,  an  amount  not  noticeable  in 
coarse  cutting,  granular  formations.  Hard  sulphide 
ores  are  treacherous.  Stick  a  drill  in  a  hole  in  a 
fine-cutting  black  sulphide  of  iron  or  galena  and  it 
stays  there  until  shot  out.  The  small  iron  rod  men- 
tioned in  the  outfit  for  the  machine  is  an  efficient  tool 
for  loosening  a  choked  drill  unless  it  is  packed  too 
tight. 

Where  the  hole  varies  but  little  from  horizontal 
and  passes  from  a  soft  rock  into  a  very  hard  one  at 
an  obtuse  angle,  a  few  pieces  of  hard  quartz  the  size 
of  hickory  huts  placed  in  the  bottom  of  the  hole  will 
generally  cause  the  drill  to  "take"  in  the  harder 
rock;  in  water  holes  a  track  spike  or  two  will  effect 
the  same  purpose.  In  drilling  water  holes  in  argil- 
laceous rocks,  the  mudding  of  a  hole  is  frequently 
very  annoying.  This  can  be  obviated  by  cranking 
the  machine  back,  pouring  in  a  small  can  of  water, 
then  turning  on  about  a  quarter  of  a  head  of  air  and 
churning  the  stiff  mud  while  running  the  machine  up. 

A  shrewd  observer  soon  learns  his  stope  and  can 
greatly  simplify  his  work  by  being  alert  to  notice 
changes  in  vein  structure  or  variations  from  normal 
in  hardness,  moisture,  etc.  The  judicious  use  of 
power  greatly  simplifies  the  handling  of  the  machine 
in  the  various  contingencies  arising  in  putting  in  a 
difficult  hole.  This  is  a  feature  of  machine  running 
that  requires  much  experience  and  sound  judgment 
to  thoroughly  master. 

When  the  round  is  successfully  put  in  the  holes 
must  be  thoroughly  cleaned  and  loaded.  Here  is 
where  knowledge  is  valuable.  An  ignorant  or  care- 
less man  can  easily  waste  his  salary  by  a  profligate 
use  of  powder.  For  machine  holes  a  gelatine  pow- 
der should  always  be  used,  as  the  explosive  does 
away  with  the  expensive  annoyance  of  a  burned  out 
hole.  The  fuse  used  should  be  the  best  obtainable. 
The  great  majority  of  miners  know  how  to  load  holes, 
and  failures  result  principally  from  defective  or 
badly  made  fuse. 

In  blasting  ore,  when  very  hard,  an  abundance  of 
explosive  should  be  used,  as  the  rock  is  shattered 
into  small  lumps  and  a  lot  of  labor  saved,  which  costs 
more  than  powder.  In  stopes  filled  with  waste  it  is 
best  to  shoot  the  ore  first,  letting  the  foot  wall  holes 
go  first  where  the  waste  is  taken  from  the  hanging 
wall.  This  method  puts  the  ore  in  one  place  and 
greatly  facilitates  cleaning  up. 

While  breast  holes  are  recommended  for  breaking 
ore,  uppers  or  half  uppers  drilled  very  deep  where 
the  rock  is  friable  or  brittle  meet  the  requirements 
for  filling.  It  is  not  necessary  to  load  waste  holes 
heavily,  the  least  quantity  of  powder  that  will  break 
the  hole  being  sufficient. 


Beaudry  Champion  Power  Hammer. 


The  Beaudry  power  hammer,  illustrated  herewith, 
claims  favor  for  several  things,  among  which  are 
elasticity  and  control  of  the  blow  struck  by  it,  these 
being  because  of  a  new  device,  simple,  direct  acting 
and  effective,  allowing  the  ram  freedom  of  throw, 
and  causing  it  to  rebound  the  instant  the  blow  is 
struck.  The  operator  has  constant  control  of  the 
force  of  the  blow,  which  may  be  of  any  degree  from 
very  light  to  very  heavy  (according  to  the  pressure 
on  the  foot  treadle),  and  on  widely  varying  thick- 
nesses of  stock  without  change  of  adjustment.  The 
ram  has  no  reaction  or  jump.  «The  hammer  requires 
but  light  power.     The  manufacturers  say  that  its 


Beaudry  Champion  Power  Hammer. 

simple  design,  the  unusual  strength  of  its  parts  and 
thorough  workmanship  insure  permanent  durability. 

This  hammer  has  no  beam,  no  saddle,  no  rubber 
cushions  or  leather  straps,  no  coil  springs,  nor  any 
form  of  spring  and  link  connections  of  numerous 
wearing  parts.  The  ram  or  head  is  of  steel,  and  has 
an  internal  curved  track  of  (  )  shape,  shown  by 
dotted  lines  in  the  illustration.  The  two  spring 
arms,  with  rolls  at  their  lower  extremities,  operate 
within  the  ram  upon  this  curved  track,  and  serve  to 
lift  and  throw  the  ram,  which,  with  increased  speed 
of  the  hammer,  acquires  increased  travel  and  force 
of  blow.  The  simple,  positive  action  of  the  spring 
arms  controls  the  ram,  and  causes  it  to  rebound  the 
instant  the  blow  is  struck,  without  reaction  or  jump 
or  sudden  undue  strain  on  any  of  the  hammer  parts. 
The  box  pillar  frame  is  rigid,  occupying  small  floor 
space,  and  requiring  a  foundation  of  moderate  size. 
The  anvil  is  an  independent  casting  having  no  con- 
nection to  the  frame,  thus  preventing  crystallization 
of  the  hammer  parts.  The  crankshaft,  of  large 
diameter,  runs  in  hard  bronze  bushing  chambered  for 
oil.  The  crank  pin  is  adjustable  for  varying  lengths 
of  stroke.  The  connecting  rod  runs  on  a  bronze 
sleeve.  The  connecting  rod,  spring  box,  and  ram 
are  steel  castings.  The  spring  arms  are  forged  from 
Swedish  steel,  and  have  hardened  tool  steel  rolls. 
The  tension  on  the  spring  arms  is  adjusted  by  two 
tension  nuts  in  the  spring  box. 

The  heavy  ram  guides  are  cast  solid  with  the 
frame  and  have  an  adjustable  wedge-shaped  gib,  by 
which  the  wear,  if  any,  can  be  taken  up  to  the  one- 
hundredth  part  of  an  inch.  The  ram  is  adjustable 
for  varying  heights  above  the  dies.  The  full  stroke 
can  be  had  on  a  piece  4  inches  square  as  readily  as 


on  a  piece  Jinch  in  thickness,  and  no  change  in  ad- 
justment is  required  except  for  unusually  heavy  or 
special  work.  The  anvil  has  an  independent  adjust- 
able shoe  die.  Full  length  bars  can  be  worked  either 
way  of  the  dies.  The  ram  is  counterbalanced  by 
weight  in  the  pulley.  The  positive  brake  will  stop 
the  hammer  almost  instantly,  and  will  hold  the  ram 
at  any  desired  position  of  its  stroke.  The  hammer  is 
direct  acting.  It  can  be  made  to  run  at  the  will  of 
the  operator  at  a  high  speed,  and  deliver  b'ows  from 
one  pound  to  its  full  capacity.  These  hammers  are 
built  solely  by  Beaudry  &  Co.,  147  Milk  street,  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  

Graphite  in  Canada. 

By  far  the  most  important  use  of  graphite  is  in  the 
steel,  copper  and  copper-alloy  industries  as  a  refrac- 
tory material  in  making  crucibles,  retorts,  muffles, 
boxes,  stirrers,  etc.  Other  important  uses  are  for 
lubricating,  foundry  facings,  stove  polish,  paints, 
electrotyping  and  pencils,  writes  H.  P.  H.  Brumell 
in  the  Canadian  Mining  Review. 

The  two  well-defined  trade  divisions  of  this  mineral 
are  "amorphous"  graphite  and  "crystalline" 
graphite.  The  former  is  usually  of  lower  grade  and 
suitable  for  facings,  paint,  pipe-joint  grease  and 
stove  polish,  although  the  better  qualities,  particu- 
larly from  Bavaria  and  Mexico,  are  used  also  in  the 
manufacture  of  pencils  and  electrotyping,  while  for 
crucible  making,  lubrication,  high-grade  stove  polish 
and  electrotyping,  the  purer  or  crystalline  variety  is 
generally  necessary.  The  principal  source  of  supply 
of  crystalline  graphite  is  the  Island  of  Ceylon,  from 
whence  the  ore  is  shipped  in  its  crude  form,  after 
being  sorted  and  sized,  the  grades  being  "  lump," 
"chip,"  "  dust  "  and  "sweepings."  The  first  two 
sizes  form  the  bulk  of  the  output  used  by  crucible 
makers,  while  the  "  dust  '*  and  the  "  sweepings  "  are 
utilized  for  lubrication  stock. 

Amorphous  graphite  is  found  prin- 
cipally in  Nova  Scotia  and  New 
Brunswick,  where  it  occurs  as 
graphitic  shale  and  clay.  The  most 
important  deposits  are  those  in  the 
vicinity  of  St.  John,  N.  B.,  others  of 
lesser  note  occurring  in  Kings  and 
Westmoreland  counties,  N.  B.,  and 
at  Lochaber,  N.  S.  In  Ontario  sev- 
eral deposits  of  amorphous  graphite 
have  been  found  in  Haliburton 
and  Hastings  counties,  while  in 
Brougham  township,  Renfrew  Co., 
an  extensive  deposit  occurs,  having 
associated  with  it  a  considerable 
proportion  of  flake  or  crystalline 
graphite.  This  property  is  being 
operated  by  the  Ontario  Graphite 
Co.,  which  has  lately  installed  a 
plant,  and  is  now  refining  and  ship- 
ping the  product. 

The  largest  known  deposits  of 
crystalline  graphite  are  in  the  coun- 
ties of  Ottawa  and  Argenteuil, 
Quebec.  Smaller  deposits  occur  in 
Lanark,  Leeds  and  Frontenac  coun- 
ties, Ontario.  Of  this  quality  there 
are  two  distinct  classes  of  ore, 
"lump"  and  "disseminated,"  the 
former  usually  occurring  in  lime- 
stone, as  nodules,  or  filling  pockets 
and  small  veins.  There  are  also 
many  minor  occurrences  where  the 
lump  ore  constitutes  small  veins  in 
diorite  or  other  igneous  rocks.  As  yet  no  dis- 
covery of  lump  has  warranted  systematic  mining. 
Disseminated  graphite  is  practically  a  sillimanite  or 
other  gneiss  carrying  graphite  in  a  flaky  or  crystal- 
line form,  and  varying  in  graphite  content  from  a 
trace  to  35%.  These  bands  of  gneiss  are  found  in 
the  townships  of  Buckingham  and  Lochaber,  Ottawa 
county,  many  beds  having  a  thickness  of  over  20  feet, 
and  assaying  on  an  average  about  20%  graphite. 
A  number  of  beds  have  been  opened  and  ore  ex- 
tracted and  treated  at  the  different  mills  in  the 
district. 

The  process  of  manufacture  adopted  by  the  differ- 
ent producers  has  been  jealously  guarded,  the 
"  secrets  "  being  considered  the  individual  property 
of  the  refiner.  Irrespective  of  secret  methods,  the 
practice  adopted  may  be  divided  into  wet  and  dry 
processes.  No  mill  confining  its  operations  to  the 
dry  or  air  method  has  as  yet  been  commercially  suc- 
cessful, because  the  similar  gravity  of  the  component 
minerals  prevents  a  satisfactory  separation.  Sev- 
eral pneumatic  separators  lately  put  on  the  market 
have  been  partially  successful,  although  they  have 
not  been  able  to  eliminate  the  mica. 

The  wet  or  water  separation  method  has  been  suc- 
cessful and  high-grade  graphite  is  being  produced  in 
this  manner  by  the  North  American  Graphite  Co.  of 
Buckingham,  which  is,  at  present,  the  only  company 
in  operation  in  the  Province  of  Quebec.  It  is  ex- 
pected that  the  plant  of  the  Walker  Mining  Co.  will 
soon  be  at  work.  In  the  process  of  concentration 
used  by  these  companies  the  ore  is  crushed  and 
stamped  wet,  and  a  coarse  separation  made  by  sta- 
tionary buddies.  The  concentrates  are  then  dried, 
ground  by  buhrstones  and  screened.      An  improve- 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


39 


ment,  resulting  in  a  saving  in  cost  of  about  25%,  has 
lately  been  made  by  the  use  of  the  Brumell  sepa- 
rator, which  treats  the  ore  after  drying  by  flotation 
upon,  rather  than  immersion  beneath,  the  surface  of 
the  water.  By  the  wet  method  a  higher  degree  of 
concentration  is  obtained  than  by  the  dry  process, 
and  the  ground  and  finished  concentrates  retain  their 
size  of  particles.  As  a  consequence,  those  companies 
which  employ  wet  methods  are  enabled  to  put  upon 
the  market  the  largest  sized  and  purest  flake  cruci- 
ble and  lubricating  stock. 

Analyses  of  picked  samples  of  graphite  made  by 
the  Geological  Survey  of  Canada  have  shown  the  fol- 
lowing results: 

Carbon, 
Locality.  Per  Cent. 

Buckingham  tonnshlp,  Quebec  (foliated) 119.675 

Buckingham  township,  Quebec  (columnar) 97.626 

Grenvllle  township,  Quebec  (foliated) 99.815 

Grenvllle  township,  Quebec  (columnar) 99.757 

Tlconderoga,  N.  Y.  (foliated) 99.656 

Tlconderoga,  N.  Y.  (columnar) 97.422 

Ceylon  (foliated) 99 . 679 

Ceylon  (columnar) 99.792 


Dredging   and    Valuing    Dredging 
Ground  in  Oroville,  Cal.* 

NUMBER  II.— CONCLUDED 


Written  by  Newton  Boots  Knox. 

Calculating  the  Average  Value  per  Cubic 
Yard.— The  value  of  each  hole  in  cents  per  cubic 
yard  is  multiplied  by  its  depth  in  feet,  and  the  sum 
of  the  products  divided  by  the  sum  of  the  depth.  The 
quotient  is  the  average  value  in  cents  per  cubic  yard. 
Thus  we  have  a  block  of  dredging  ground  drilled 
with  one  hole  to  every  10  acres. 

The  sum  of  the  products  obtained  by  multiplying 
each  depth  by  its  corresponding  value  =  14.046. 
The  sum  of  the  depths  is  660  feet.  Dividing  the  first 
by  the  second  gives  21.28  cents  per  cubic  yard  = 
average  value  of  this  ground.  The  average  depth  is 
33  feet,  or  11  yards. 

Final  Calculations. — At  an  average  of  11  yards 
deep  this  ground  will  contain  53,240  cubic  yards  to 
the  acre,  and  allowing  3240  cubic  yards  for  ridges 
and  "corners "  left  in  dredging,  we  have  50,000  cubic 
yards  per  acre,  or  10,000,000  cubic  yards  in  the  200- 
acre  tract  under  consideration.  This  at  21.28  cents 
per  cubic  yard  gives  a  total  content  of  $2,218,000. 

Assuming  the  price  is  $150,000,  cost  of  a  5-foot 
bucket  dredger  $65,000,  working  capital  $10,000,  the 
total  cost  is  $225,000. 

A  5-foot  bucket  dredger  is  rated  at  treating  65,000 
to  70,000  cubic  yards  per  month,  but  up  to  the  pres- 
ent time  the  best  these  dredgers  have  been  able  to 
do  has  been  about  70%  of  the  possible  running  time. 
It  may  be  added  that  the  new  dredgers  now  building 
hope  to  better  this,  and  will  doubtless  bring  up  the 
running  time  to  80%.  In  fact,  a  new  dredger,  the 
Butte,  which  has  been  running  but  three  months, 
has  during  that  time  averaged  75%,  and  the  last 
month  of  their  run  they  have  averaged  86%  of  the 
time.  Assuming  70%  running  time,  a  5-foot  dredger 
will  work  out  this  ground  at  the  rate  of  an  acre  per 
month,  or,  in  all,  about  seventeen  years  for  the  tract. 
Assuming  a  working  expense  of  the  dredger  as  high 
as  $3500  per  month,  or  $42,000  per  year,  and  that  1 
cent  per  cubic  yard  is  left  in  the  tailings,  we  have  : 

Total  value  in  ground $2,218,000 

Total  value  in  tailings 100,000 

To  be  recovered 82,118,000 

Total  cost  of  treatment 714,000 

Net  gain  In  ground 81,314,000 

Net  annual  gain  for  seventeen  years 77,300 

Net  annual  gain,  34  3%,  or,  allowing  a  sinking 
fund — seventeen  years'  life,  annual  contribu- 
tion to  sinking  fund— to  be  at  3% 10,300 

To  be  applied  to  dividends $     67,000 

Gain  per  cent  per  year  on  Investment,  with 
sinking  fund 30 

Cost  of  Drillings. — The  running  expenses  of  a 
driller  per  day  is  : 

Labor— One  driller $  3  50 

One  fireman 2  50 

One  teamster  and  team 3  50 

Chinese  rockerman 1  50 

Total  for  labor $11  00 

Wood,  half  cord,  at  $6 3  00 

Repairs,  say 5  00 

Drill  hire 5  00 

Total  expenses  per  day $24  00 

Drilling  about  10  feet  a  day  gives  a  cost  of  $2  40  a 
foot.  Drilling  contracts  at  Oroville  are  let  for  $2.50 
per  foot,  and  considering  delays,  breakdowns,  re- 
pairs, road  cutting  and  moving  from  hole  to  hole, 
this  figure  is  reasonable  enough.  The  number  of 
feet  drilled  per  day  varies  greatly,  and  depends  on 
the  character  of  ground  and  the  season.  In  soft 
ground  20  feet  to  30  feet  a  day  can  be  drilled,  with  a 


corresponding  reduction  in  cost  per  foot.  In  winter 
and  spring,  when  the  top  soil  is  wet  and  soft,  the 
problem  of  moving  the  machine  from  hole  to  hole, 
and  of  bringing  wood  and  water,  becomes  a  serious 
one.  Just  to  show  the  extra  difficulties,  delays  and 
stoppages  a  driller  must  contend  with,  I  quote  in  full 
the  log  of  Mr.  Radford  for  December,  1902  : 

1st — Started  hole  No.  12,  but  did  not  do  much 
owing  to  lack  of  good  driving  cap  and  scarcity  of 
water.     Made  14  feet. 

2nd — Drilling  on  hole  No.  12  all  day.     Made  7  feet. 

3rd — Started  about  7:30  a.  m.  Broke  sand  pump 
about  8:15.  Had  to  take  it  to  town  and  get  it  re- 
paired. Finished  hole  No.  12  at  noon.  Commenced 
pulling  casing  12:30.  Finished  and  moved  to  hole 
No.  18—1320  feet.     Set  up  and  started  drilling. 

4th— Worked  all  day  on  hole  No.  18.   Made  20  feet. 

5th — Wet ;  did  not  work. 

6th — Started  work  on  No.  18  after  lunch.  Made  7 
feet. 

7th — Wet ;  did  not  work. 

8th— Worked  on  hole  No.  18.  Made  11  feet.  Started 
pulling  up  casing. 

9th — Finished  pulling  up  casing  from  hole  No.  18; 
moved  to  hole  No.  20 — about  900  feet.  Ground  very 
soft ;  had  to  raise  drilling  machine  with  jackscrews 
and  to  keep  it  up  by  means  of  wood  placea  under  the 
wheels.     Made  14  feet  in  hole  No.  20. 

10th— Wet ;  did  not  work. 

11th — Wet ;  did  not  work. 

12th— Worked  on  hole  No.  20. 

13th— Finished  hole  No.  20—34  feet  deep.  Pulled 
up  casing  and  started  moving  to  hole  No.  14  ;  ground 
very  soft. 

14th — Moved  to  hole  No.  14  and  set  up  machine. 
Ground  very  bad  in  places.  Distances  from  No.  20 
to  No.  14,  1320  feet. 

15th — Working  on  hole  No.  14.     Made  17J  feet. 

16th — Working  on  hole  No.  14.  Reached  depth  of 
28  feet.  Broke  bolt  in  driving  blocks.  Got  new  one 
from  machine  show  in  town.     Lost  two  hours. 

17th— Finished  hole  No.  14— 29i  feet  deep.  Pulled 
up  casing  and  moved  machine  a  short  distance 
towards  hole  No.  16. 

18th — Moved  machine  about  100  yards.  Got  into 
soft  mud  and  stayed  there  all  day. 

19  th — Rai  ed  machine  out  of  the  mud.  Took  off 
gear  ring  on  account  of  broken  teeth,  and  took  it 
into  town  and  got  it  repaired. 

20th — Got  gear  ring  about  noon,  put  it  back  on 
machine  and  started  ;  ran  short  distance  towards 
hole  No.  16. 

21st — Moving  machine  to  hole  No.  16.  Road  very 
bad  in  places. 

22nd— Moving  to  hole  No.  16—1320  feet  from  hole 
No.  14.  Set  up  machine  and  started  drilling.  Struck 
old  drifted  ground.     Made  21  feet. 

23rd— Finished  hole  No.  16—29  feet  deep.  Pulled 
up  casing  and  moved  toward  hole  No.  10. 

24  th— Finished  moving  to  hole  No.  10—1320  feet. 
Set  up  machine  and  drilled  4  feet. 

25th— Worked  on  hole  No.  10.  Reached  depth  of 
194  feet. 

26  th— Wet ;  did  not  work. 

27  th — Ground  too  soft  to  haul  wood  and  water. 
28th — Working  on  hole  No.  10  ;   reached  depth  of 

31  feet. 

29th — Working  on  hole  No.  10  ;  reached  depth  of 
41  feet.    Stopped. 

30th — Finished  pulling  casing  from  hole  No.  10 
soon  after  lunch.     Started  moving  to  hole  No.  8. 

31st— Finished  moving  to  hole  No.  8—1320  feet. 
Set  up  machine  and  started  drilling.  Broke  walking- 
beam  arm.  Had  to  send  to  town  for  a  new  one. 
Lost  three  hours.    Made  13  feet. 

Although  the  crew  worked  a  ten-hour  shift  during 
this  month,  only  seven  holes  were  finished,  giving  a 
total  depth  of  212.5  feet,  or  an  average  of  6.8  feet 
a  day. 

I  quote  this,  not  as  an  example  of  average  work, 
but  merely,  as  I  have  said,  to  show  the  difficulties, 
particularly  in  winter. 

Value  op  These  Tests. — Three  years'  drilling,  fol- 
lowed by  subsequent  dredging  of  the  drilled  tract, 
has  proven  that  these  tests  are  but  fairly  indicative 
of  the  values  in  the  tract.  For  instance,  one  com- 
pany, in  order  to  prove  the  efficiency  of  these  tests, 
drilled  an  acre  of  ground  with  twenty-three  drill 
holes,  which  afterwards  dredged  within  95%  of  the 
calculated  value.  On  the  other  hand,  I  have  heard 
that  a  company  with  a  recently  finished  modern 
dredger  has  already  dredged  about  6  acres,  which 
produced  35%  of  the  drilled  values — two  holes  to  the 
acre.  It  is  unfortunate  that  more  exact  data  regard- 
ing the  value  of  these  tests  are  not  at  hand.  Engi- 
neers will  recognize  the  ever-present  liability  of 
error  and  consequent  dissatisfaction  arising  from  all 
work  where  the  value  of  the  large  is  calculated  up 
from  the  value  of  the  small.  So  the  chief  value  of 
this  method  of  testing  ground  lies  not  so  much  in 
proving  the  total  possible  yield  of  a  piece  of  ground, 
or  its  values  in  sight,  but  in  indicating  the  presence 
and  occurrence  of  the  pay  channels,  depth  of  bed- 
rock, water  level,  etc.  It  is  now  the  custom  to  keep 
a  driller  well  in  advance  of  the  dredger,  the  results 
of  the  drilled  holes  serving  as  a  guide  for  its  future 
movements. 

The  accompanying  engravings  show  modern  type 
bucket  dredgers,  in  construction  and  in  operation. 


Jeffrey  Grab    Buckets. 

Few  more  interesting  and  important  problems 
from  an  economical  standpoint  have  attracted  the 
attention  and  called  forth  the  best  efforts  of  our 
brightest  engineers  than  those  involved  in  the  un- 
loading and  subsequent  disposition  of  ore  and  coal 
from  vessel  to  furnace  or  consumer,  with  the  neces- 
sary stocking  and  reclaiming  because  of  the  difficulty 
in  securing  cars  to  handle  the  enormous  cargoes  as 
rapidly  as  tbey  are  taken  from  the  holds.  Among 
the  devices  more  or  less  successful,  the  automatic 
grab  bucket  or  clam  shell  has  proven  itself  adapted 
to  the  work,  its  manufacturers  say,  and  to  such  an 
extent  is  this  recognized  that  older  vessels  are 
being  altered  and  new  ones  are  building,  so  that 
these  buckets  can  take  out  from  95%  to  98%  of  the 
entire  cargo. 

The  Jeffrey  Manufacturing  Co.  claims  to  have 
brought  out  a  bucket  which  combines  with  simplicity 


'tits  ' 


Jeffrey  Grab  Bucket. 

and  power,  great  capacity  per  unit  of  mass  in  mo- 
tion, the  weight  of  the  moving  mechanism  being  re- 
duced to  the  minimum  per  unit  of  ore  handled — a 
bucket  whose  life  under  the  rough  usage  to  which 
these  devices  are  subjected  while  strenuous  will 
prove  a  long  and  useful  one. 

These  buckets  have  a  remarkable  spread,  the  one 
having,  a  capacity  of  three  tons  of  ore  being  11  feet 
over  all  when  open,  while  the  five-ton  bucket  opens 
to  15  feet.  The  closing  path  is  most  efficient  and  in 
opening  the  load  is  cleanly  and  entirely  discharged. 
An  important  feature  is  the  small  head  room  re- 
quired. It  permits  reaching  under  the  decks  and 
keeps  down  height  of  tower.  These  buckets  will 
handle  ore,  coal,  including  run  of  mine,  bituminous 
sand,  limestone,  and  may  be  used  for  dredging  and 
excavating.  These  are  also  proving  an  economical 
means  of  handling  coal  and  ashes  in  power  plants, 
also  for  transporting  coal  long  distances  from  and  to 
the  stock  piles. 

The  Jeffrey  Co.,  Columbus,  Ohio,'  are  prepared  to 
furnish  suggestions  as  to  methods,  also  plans  and 
estimates  for  installations  for  unloading  and  handling 
material  in  bulk  in  any  quantity. 


Cost  of  Electric  Drilling. 

John  B.  Hobson,  M.  E.,  general  manager  of  the 
Consolidated  Cariboo  Hydraulic  M.  Co.  at  Bullion, 
B.  C,  in  his  annual  report  gives  some  interesting 
figures  of  costs  of  operating  an  installation  of  Gard- 
ner electric  drills,  says  the  Canadian  Mining  Review. 
The  plant,  which  was  an  experimental  one,  included 
four  Gardner  No.  15  drills  with  2  H.  P.  110-volt 
direct  current  portable  motors,  one  Gardner  "B" 
drill,  with  1$  H.  P.  110  volt  direct  portable  motor, 
all  complete,  with  7-foot  flexible  shafts,  adjustable 
tripods,  the  necessary  flexible  cables,  working  tools 
and  five  sets  of  drills  of  suitable  lengths  to  drill  holes, 
varying  from  2  to  8  feet  deep.  Mr.  Hobson  states 
that  these  drills  proved  a  decided  success,  for  they 
were  run  at  low  expense  and  proved  more  efficient 
than  expected: 

steam  power. 

One  cord  of  cedar  wood,  delivered $2  25 

One  electric  engineer 4  00 

Lubricants  for  engine  and  generator 35 

$6  60 

operating  three  drills. 

Three  power  drill  men  at  $4  each $12  00 

Three  helpers  at  $2  each 6  00 

One  blacksmith 4  00 

One  helper 2  00 

Three  bushels  of  charcoal  at  25  cents 75 

Lubricants 20 

$24  95 


Total  cost  of  running  three  drills  ten  hours. . .     $31  55 

The  duty  attained  by  the  Gardner  drills  used  dur- 
ing the  season,  in  advancing  and  lowering  the  bed- 
rock cut,  averaged  312  feet  of  holes  per  ten-hour 
shift. 

The  duty  attained  by  two  miners  drilling  by  hand, 
with  {-inch  steel  and  eight-pound  hammers,  aver- 
aged about  14^  feet  per  ten-hour  shift,  and  made 


40 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  18,  1903. 


the  cost  of  drilling  312  feet  of  holes  in  bedrock  by 
hand  as  follows: 

Forty-two  miners  at  $2  per  day $84  00 

One  blacksmith  at  84  per  day 4  00 

One  helper  at  82  per  day 2  00 

Four  bushels  of  charcoal  at  25  cents 1  00 

Total  cost  of  drilling  312  feet  of  holes  by  hand. .  .891  00 
Saving  made  in  favor  of  power  drills  per  ten-hour 
shift 50  45 


Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South 
Wales.* 

Written  by  Edwih  K.  Beaumont. 
The  impressions  of  a  new  arrival  on  coming  to  the 
Barrier  are  anything  but  pleasant  or  reassuring,  for 
when,  after  spending  a  whole  night  in  rattling  over 
300  miles  of  almost  desert  country,  one  seeing  the  line 
of  lode,  about  1}  mile  in  length,  with  its  long  chain  of 
chimney  stacks,  poppet  heads,  engine  houses,  con- 
centrating mills,  and  immense  mullock   and  tailings 


3UARE 


Side  'f/euaf/on 


-    -:~>^--:. 

fti 

1 

1 
If 

it; 

hTi 

ri 

End  Oerqhon 


Square  Set 
System  of  Timberinc 

as  adopred.al  the  Silver  Mines 
Broken  Hill.  NSW 


Srope  Leg 


ing  of  the  square  set  system  showing  sizes  of  timbers 
and  all  joints.  Fig.  2  shows  the  construction  in 
detail.  All  timbers  are  10x10  inches,  the  ver- 
tical ones  called  legs  and  the  horizontal  ones  caps 
and  struts;  they  are  all  cut  to  the  required  size  in 
the  sawmills.  Some  of  the  mines  have  their  own 
sawmills,  and  buy  their  timbers  in  long  lengths  from 
the  Port,  and  cut  all  timbers  to  templates.  They 
are  sent  underground  ready  for  the  miners  and  tim- 
bermen  to  frame  up  in  the  stopes.  When  the  ore  is 
hard  and  compact  (and  it  is  hard  sometimes,  espe- 
cially in  the  class  of  ore  containing  rhodonite),  I  have 
frequently  seen  five  drills  blunted  to  bore  a  hole  less 
than  1  inch;  but  when  the  ore  is  friable  it  is  then 
timbered  close  up  to  the  working  face  (as  shown  in 
Fig.  3)  on  the  upper  floors.  You  will  notice  that  in 
this  system  the  miners  are  always  working  close  to 
the  face  or  back,  which  they  can  easily  examine  to 
make  sure  of  its  safety.  One  disadvantage  of  keep- 
ing the  timbers  so  close  to  the  face  is  that  frequently 
a  heavy  shot  will  "  throw,"  and  thus  knock  down 
several  sets  and  shake  others,  thereby  causing  delay 
and  rendering  the  working  face  unsafe  until  the  tim- 
bers are  re-erected.  You  can  readily  imagine  the 
difficulty  in  securing  them  all  as  firmly  as  they  were 
originally.  Lagging  of  10x2-inch  Oregon  pine  are 
laid  on  each  floor  as  the  stope  rises  upwards  to  the 
next  level,  and  chutes  for  conveying  the  broken  ore 
to  the  sills  and  thence  to  the  trucks  are  provided  at 
convenient  intervals,  and  slides  placed  to  run  the  ore 
to  the  chutes  from  the  working  face,  as  shown  on  the 


HOftrZONTAL    StCT/OH  A-S- 


FlG.     2. 


dumps,  etc.,  finds  it  hard  to  imagine  that  this  is  the 
famed  Barrier  Range  or  Broken  Hill,  unless  a  mining 
man  who  has  been  on  similar  fields.  The  original 
Broken  Hill  is  now  a  thing  of  the  past,  having  been 
entirely  removed  by  the  large  open  cuts,  from  which 
the  oxidized  ore  is  being  extracted  down  to  about 
200  to  250  feet. 

Early  Mining. — The  story  of  the  finding  of  silver 
by  the  stockman  on  Mount  Gipps  station  and  of 
Rasp's  shaft  (Rasp  himself  being  a  station  hand  at 
the  time),  and  of  the  mining  of  earlier  years,  are 
familiar,  when  only  the  oxidized  ores  of  the  upper 
levels  of  the  lode  were  worked  down  to  300  or  400 
feet,  and,  as  on  new  fields,  the  methods  adopted  were 
crude  until,  with  great  advance  of  output  and  rush 
of  population,  more  modern  and  advanced  systems 
were  adopted;  and  the  arrival  of  American  mining 
managers  and  engineers  with  the  "  square  set"  sys- 
tem of  timbering,  as  carried  out  in  ore  mines  of 
America  and  elsewhere. 

Square  Set  System. — Fig.  1  is  an  isometric  draw- 

*  Trans.  Aus.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.  (condensed). 


FIG.  3. 

plan  and  section  showing  the  stope  (Fig.  3).  It  will 
also  be  noticed  that  the  end  sets  of  each  floor  are 
wedged  firmly  to  the  foot  and  hanging  walls  of  the 
ore  body,  and  frequently  notches  or  hitches  cut  to 
secure  a  solid  bed.  In  theory,  as  a  system  by  itself, 
these  seem  admirable,  but  in  practice  (without  being 
filled  with  waste  as  they  now  are)  they  fail,  for  after 
the  ore  has  been  extracted,  any  movement  or  pres- 
sure of  the  walls  of  the  lode  causes  a  collapse  of  the 
sets.  They  have  gained  the  weird  name  of  "  creeps," 
and  a  more  complete  state  of  chaos  can  hardly  be 
imagined  than  a  creep,  that  is,  broken  and  splintered 
timbers,  and  masses  of  ore  and  mullock  in  one  almost 
unapproachable  mass,  often  rendering  the  further 
working  of  that  portion  of  the  lode  impossible,  and 
thereby  losing  large  quantities  of  ore  in  the  debris; 
but  it  is  a  noticeable  fact  that  in  those  mines  where 
the  managers  did  not  rely  on  the  timbers  alone,  but 
judiciously  filled  in  the  sets  with  mullock  from  wall  to 
wall  (leaving  only  the  necessary  openings  for  chutes, 
gangways,  etc.),  when  any  movement  came  in  the 
walls  of  the  lode  the  timbers  and  surrounding  filling 
stood  the  burden,  and  the  mines  were  singularly  free 


from  "  creeps."  Some  idea  of  the  pressure  on  these 
timbers  may  be  imagined,  when  I  state  that  I  have 
seen  a  piece  of  10x10  inch  Oregon  pine  compressed  to 
barely  3  inches;  have  also  seen  a  lOxlO-inch  vertical 
leg  driven  ii  inches  into  the  horizontal  cap  and  sill  at 
its  ends,  without  bending  the  leg,  and  have  fre- 
quently noticed,  when  there  has  been  any  lateral 
pressure,  the  10-inch  piece  of  Oregon  splintered  like 
a  piece  of  willow  on  the  convex  side,  and  on  the  con- 
cave side,  though  bent  1  foot,  was  still  unbroken. 

Life  of  Timbers. — The  life  of  timbers  underground 
depends  a  great  deal  on  location.  In  some  mines  I 
have  noticed  Oregon  pine  that  had  been  in  approxi- 
mately ten  years  almost  sound,  while  in  others  the 
same  class  of  timbers,  if  put  in  a  badly  ventilated 
stope,  in  about  three  or  four  years  had  completely 
decayed  by  a  kind  of  moldy  dry  rot.  In  the  upper 
portions  of  one  mine  I  noticed  a  lot  of  joggled  logs  of 
blue  gum,  from  6  inches  to  9  inches  diameter  (brought 
from  the  river  in  early  days),  and  they  were  worm- 
eaten  and  quite  rotten,  while  the  mulga  and  black 
oak,  both  hard  native  timbers,  were  quite  sound; 
but  as  these  latter  are  usually  only  about  4  inches  to 
8  inches  in  diameter  they  are  almost  useless  for  under- 
ground timbering,  except  as  laths,  or  for  latticing 
the  sides  of  square  sets  and  enclosing  the  mullock 
fillings,  for  which  they  are  sometimes  used.  I  omitted 
to  mention  when  describing  the  mullock  filling  of  the 
square  sets  that  10x2-inch  planks  are  used  by  some 
mines,  but  other  mines  having  their  own  sawmills,  rip 
the  10x2-inch  lath  in  halves  and  use  the  5x2-inch  lath, 
thus  effecting  a  small  saving  in  the 
amount  of  timber  used;  but  I  have 
noticed  also  that  these  lighter  laths 
frequently  give  way  when  any  great 
pressure  from  the  mullock  is  thrown  on 
them. 

Other  great  detractions  to  the  square 
set  system  are  the  great  cost  of  timber 
and  the  liability  to  fires. 

Cost  of  Timber. — When  considering 
the  amount  of  timber  required  to  tim- 
ber up  a  lode  the  total  feet  is  enormous, 
and  at,  approximately,  $38  per  1000 
feet,  the  cost  greatly  reduces  the  pro- 
fits. We  have  in  the  Central  a  width 
of  over  270  feet  from  foot  wall  to  hang- 
a  ing  wall  at  the  600-foot  level,  the  great- 

est  width  on  the  Barrier,  taken  out  in 

blocks  about  50  feet  wide  right  across 
from  one  level  to  another,  viz.,  100  feet. 
Fires. — There  is  the  liability  to  fires, 
of  which  the  fire  in  Block  11,  of  about  7 
years  ago,  and  the  fire  in  Block  12,  of 
four  years,  both  of  which  are  still  burn- 
ing, are  examples.  These  cause  great 
expense  in  extinguishing  and  greatly 
hamper  the  working  of  the  upper  por- 
tions of  the  lode.  So  much  timber  of 
inflammable  nature  is  a  great  menace, 
especially  when  the  stopes  are  well 
ventilated  by  winzes  from  the  upper 
workings.  These  winzes  serve  as  vents 
or  chimneys,  and  spread  the  gases 
throughout  the  mine,  and  the  result  is 
loss  of  life,  as  it  was  on  both  occasions 
referred  to,  when  men  went  below  to 
locate  and  attempt  to  overcome  the  fire. 
It  will  be  seen  that  the  deduction  to 
be  drawn  is  that  this  system  is  an  ad- 
mirable one  when  combined  with  filling; 
but  it  is  also  an  expensive  one. 

Later  Systems.  —  Owing  to  the 
sulphide  ore  requiring  more  costly  and 
tedious  treatment  and  preparation  be- 
fore smelting  than  oxidized  ores,  and 
the  many  and  varied  expenses  inci- 
dental to  the  mining,  due  to  the  hard- 
ness and  the  work  of  extraction  and 
handling,  it  was  necessary  that  man- 
agers and  others  interested  should 
devise  some  safer  and  cheaper  methods, 
which  would  also  be  more  suitable  to 
the  class  of  ore  to  be  mined  and  treated, 
and  thus,  born  of  actual  experiment 
and  necessity,  these  later  methods 
have  gradually  evolved  into  their  present  forms ; 
and  their  almost  universal  adoption  on  several 
mines  on  the  line  of  lode — with  sundry  modification  to 
suit  individual  cases — proves  their  efficiency.  The 
square-set  system  is  far  from  annihilated,  as  it  is 
still  used  where  applicable,  especially  on  the  sill 
floors  where  gangways  are  required,  also  chutes, 
outlets,  etc.  Here  the  sets  are  on  solid  bottoms; 
being  well  wedged  against  the  hanging  and  foot  walls 
or  the  sides  of  the  stopes,  they  are  firm  and  perma- 
nent, and  with  the  10x3-inch  planking  to  carry  the 
mullock  filling  they  form  convenient  passages  about 
the  workings.  So  it  is  still  used  in  conjunction  with 
these  later  systems,  as   a  valuable   and  necessary 


adjunct. 


(to  be  continued.) 


Recently  a  French  patent  was  issued  to  A.  Tar 
and,  S.  Mathiea  and  H.  Lasne  for  a  process  of  utiliz- 
ing burnt  pyrites,  in  order  to  recover  from  them  the 
cobalt  and  other  metals  which  they  contain.  A  solu- 
tion is  formed  in  the  usual  way,  and  the  copper  is 
precipitated  by  means  of  metallic  iron.    The  iron  sul- 


July  18   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


41 


pbate  thus  formed  is  then  crystallized  out  and  the 
liquor  is  evaporated  to  dryness.  The  residue  thus 
obtained  is  calcined  at  a  dull  red  heat.  It  is  then 
digested  with  acidulated  water,  whereby  cobalt, 
nickel,  zinc  and  manganese  pass  into  solution, 
together  with  some  iron,  while  the  residue  enacted 
upon  furnishes  a  salable  paint.  The  iron  is  then  pre- 
cipitated by  powdered  chalk  and  a  current  of  air. 
After  that  the  cobalt  and  nickel  are  removed  by 
chloride  of  lime,  or  any  other  oxidizing  agent,  and 
carbonate  of  lime,  and  the  zinc  by  lime,  while  the 
manganese  remains  in  solution. 


Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents,  j 
1  f) 


PATENTS  ISSUED  JULY  7.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN 
TIPIC  PRESS. 


Process  op  Extracting  Gold  From   Ores — No. 
732,708;  H.  R  Cassel,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


Process  extracting  gold  from  ore  treating  ore  with 
bromine  solution  form  dissolved  gold  and  bromides, 
mixing  bromate  with  acid,  and  causing  mixture  to 
act  upon  dissolved  gold  and  bromides  to  set  free  bro- 
mine of  bromides  and  bromate. 

Apparatus  for  Separating  Liquids  Prom  Solids. 
—No.  732,720;  H.  Duncan  and  R.  R.  Sherriff,  Glas- 
gow, Scotland. 


Machine  for  separating  liquids  from  solids  compris- 
ing framing  and  gear  carrying  and  traversing  end- 
less band  filter  cloth,  automatic  clip  devices  securing 
band,  vacuum  box  on  under  surface  of  band  and 
interposed  endless  band  wire  cloth  or  gauze  arranged 
support  and  travel  with  filter  band. 


Blast  Furnace  Top.— No.  733,196;  G.  K.  Ham- 
feldt,  Munhall,  and  T.  A.  Tesch,  Swissvale,  Pa. 


Blast  furnace  having  annular  metal  shell  projecting 
above  masonry  and  having  contracted  upper  portion, 
hopper  supported  on  contracted  portion,  and  outer 
annular  cooling  device  for  shell. 


Miner's  Pick.— No:    733,449;  A.    Walker,    What- 
cheer,  Iowa 


Socket  having  eye  combined  with  blade  removably 
extending  through  eye,  provided  with  single  shoulder 
centrally  of  its  length,  eye  having  interiorly  coacting 
and  single  shoulder  located  centrally  thereof,  and 
means  for  holding  shoulder  of  blade  against  that 
of  eye. 

Combined  Cable  and  Rotary  Rig  for  Drilling 
Deep  Wells.— No.  732,785;  L.  C.  Sands,  Jr.,  Pitts- 
burg, Pa. 


In  combined  cable  and  rotary  rig  for  sinking  wells, 
combination  with  derrick  of  hoisting  drum,  rotary 
table  movable  to  and  from  well  opening  of  derrick, 
and  driving  mechanism  adapted  to  actuate  rotary 
table,  or  hoisting  drum. 


Oil  Well  Drill.- 
Beaumont,  Tex. 


-No.   732,925;  H.   R.   Decker, 


In  apparatus  of  class  described,  combination  with 
rotary  drill  pipe,  and  well  casing  receiving  drill  pipe 
and  closed  at  top  provided  with  lateral  outlet,  of 
locking  device  comprising  stop  connected  with  well 
casing,  and  means  carried  by  drill  pipe  for  engaging 
stop,  whereby  drill  pipe  be  prevented  from  being 
blown  out  of  well  casing. 


-No.  732,605;  G.  E. 


Process  of  Leaching  Ores 
Thede,  Havilah,  Cal. 

Process  leaching  ores  which  consists  mixing  with 
ore  metallic  oxide,  treating  mixture  in  cyanide  solu- 


tion containing  oxide  capable  of  reducing  metallic 
oxide. 


Storage  Apparatus.— No.  733,355;  J.   M.   Dodge, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 


In  apparatus  for  piling  material,  movable  frame, 
hopper  carried  by  frame,  guides  on  frame  for  means 
of  feeding  hopper,  and  conveyor  on  apparatus  ar- 
ranged to  receice  material  from  hopper. 

Three  Roll  Crushing  Mill.— No.  733,125;  J.  J.  E. 
Bekker,  Amsterdam,  Netherlands. 


In  crushing  mill,  frame,  plurality  pressing  rollers 
mounted  to  revolve  in  frame,  interengaging  grooves 
in  rollers,  returner  bar  in  proximity  to  one  of  rollers, 
returner  bar  being  provided  with  teeth  that  register 
with  grooves  of  roller,  and  wheels  on  returner  bar 
that  turn  in  grooves  of  roller  and  in  grooves  of  next 
succeeding  roller. 


Quicksilver    Feed     for    Amalgamators.- 
733,301;  J.  W.  Swearingen,  Gaston,  Cal. 


-No. 


Automatic  feed  for  quicksilver,  comprising  case 
forming  reservoir,  shaft  bearing  rotating  arms  hav- 
ing buckets  in  ends,  and  inclined  trough  having 
spout  at  one  end,  handle  at  other  and  blade  or  lip 
adapted  to  be  juxtaposed  to  arms. 


The  Canadian  government  has  decided  to  give  a 
bounty  of  $2.70  on  steel  from  July,  1903,  to  June, 
1904,  $2.25  to  June,  1905,  $1.65  to  June,  1906,  and 
$1.05  to  June,  1907.  Also  a  bounty  of  $6  a  ton  on 
wire  rods  sold  to  manufacturers  of  wire.  On  large 
steel  plates  now  admitted  at  a  low  duty  there  will  be 
a  bounty  of  $2.70  a  ton  on  such  made  in  Canada.  The 
same  bounty  is  proposed  for  structural  steel.  On 
steel  ingots,  puddled  bars  and  pig  iron  it  is  proposed 
to  give  the  same  bounty  as  last  year,  the  gradual  re- 
duction which  began  last  year  being  suspended  for 
this  year.  Under  the  gradual  reduction  the  bounty 
will  be  off  in  1907.  Last  year  the  Dominion  Iron  & 
Steel  Co.  earned  $350,000  on  the  bounties  in  force, 
and  it  is  estimated  with  the  additional  bounty  the 
company  will  show  earnings  considerably  in  excess 
of  $1,000,000  on  its  finished  product,  pig  iron  and 
steel. 


42 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  Summary. 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  {or  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  influx 
of  people,  machinery,  capital,  etc.,  is  be- 
yond all  expectations,  and  a  prosperous 
season  is  assured.  So  far,  nearly  5000 peo- 
ple arrived  on  the  first  fleet  of  boats,  and 
all  accommodations  for  passage  were  taken 
up.  Also,  about  60,000  tons  of  freight  have 
reached  the  camp,  Including  an  outfit  for 
a  railroad  from  Solomon  to  Council,  a  dis- 
tance of  60  miles. 

On  many  creeks  work  has  started,  the 
snow  having  disappeared  in  this  one  hot 
wave  we  are  experiencing  at  present.  For 
the  last  ten  days  we  have  had  90°  every 
day_weather  as  hot  as  in  the  year  1900. 

From  all  indications,  we  should  be  able 
to  produce  at  least  810,000,000  of  gold  this 
season,  and  then  only  a  small  portion  of 
the  section  will  be  worked.  The  output 
last  winter  Is  estimated  at  $1,250,000,  the 
Snowflake  mine  alone,  on  Dexter,  produc- 
ing $250,000. 

Nome,  June  24. 

A  strike  Is  reported  made  20  miles  from 
Sunrise  in  the  Cook  Inlet  country  on  Ju- 
neau creek,  tributary  of  Six  Mile  creek, 
by  L.  Laurison,  J.  Renner  and  R.  Michael- 
son,  and  the  pay  goes  from  25  cents  to  $2 
to  the  pan  on  bedrock. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

The  SwisBhelms  group  of  forty-four 
claims,  in  the  SwisBhelm  mountains,  has 
been  sold  to  J.  L.  Wood  and  S.  S.  Wood 
of  Pittsburg,  Pa.  A  steam  hoist  will  be 
put  in.  Assays  show  the  ore  to  run  well 
in  copper. 

The  new  pumps  In  the  Lowell  shaft  of 
the  Copper  Queen  mine  at  BIsbee  are  con- 
trolling the  water.  The  9haft  is  being 
straightened  preparatory  to  resuming 
sinking.  It  is  proposed  to  put  in  two  ad- 
ditional boilers,  which  will  give  them 
power  for  heavier  hoisting  work. 
GILA    COUNTY. 

J.  B.  Newman  has  bought  for  $5000  a 
one-third  interest  in  eight  patented  min- 
ing claims  and  a  10-stamp  mill,  north  of 
Payson,  in  Green  Valley  mining  district, 
sayB  the  Globe  Silver  Belt.  The  claims 
do  not  adjoin  and  they  include  the  Oxbow, 
Golden  Wreath,  Delaware,  Summit  and 
American. 

MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Enter- 
prise mine  in  Wallapai  mountains,  15  miles 
east  of  Kingman,  operated  by  the  Enter- 
prise M.  Co.,  W.  A.  Mensch  superin- 
tendent, at  Kingman,  is  sinking  a  shaft 
which  is  down  over  300  feet  on  a  vein  of 
lead  ore  carrying  thirty-seven  ounces  sil- 
ver and  values  in  gold.  The  ore  is  worth 
about  $60  per  ton.  At  the  300  level  the 
crosscut  has  tapped  a  parallel  ledge  of 
milling  ore. 

J.  P.  Wallace,  manager  of  the  Mon- 
mouth M.  &  D.  Co.  on  Burro  creek,  has 
completed  7  miles  of  wagon  road  to  Peach 
Springs  and  the  milling  plant  is  being 
built.  The  gold  is  in  a  vein  of  Boft,  red 
oxides. 

The  Arnold  mine  at  Cedar  has  been 
cleaned  out  and  work  resumed,  keeping 
the  20- ton  mill  in  operation. 

The  Penn  Yan  mine  at  Layne  Springs, 
owned  by  G.  W.  Bowers  of  Kingman,  is 
producing  good  gold  rock.  The  vein  and 
gangue  matter  are  2  feet  wide,  all  being 
saved  for  Bhipment. 

Ore  shipments  from  Stockton  hill  are 
better  than  for  some  years  past,  the  Earl 
and  Treasure  Hill  mines  shipping  the 
largest  quantities. 

The  Portales  de  Oro  M.  Co.  are  having 
their  claims  at  Union  Pass  surveyed  for 
patent.  The  ores  are  low  grade  and  the 
company  will  build  a  concentrating  mill. 

Several  new  bodies  of  gold  ore  have 
recently  been  opened  up  in  Cerbat  dis- 
trict, near  Stockton  hill,  one  of  them  by 
J.  Dixon,  the  vein  averaging  10  inches  of 
eight-ounce  gold  ore. 

Chloride,  July  13. 

W.  J.  Tarr  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Southwest  Turquoise  Co  ,  says 
final  payments  have  been  made  on  the 
Mineral  Park  group  and  operations  will 
begin  this  month.  C.  E.  Sherman  of  Min- 
eral Park  is  vice-president  and  superin- 
tendent. Their  lapidary  Bhop  is  at  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

J.  P.  Wallace,  general  manager  of  the 
Monmouth  D.  Co.,  operating  near  the 
Burro  mines,  near  Kingman,  says  ar- 
rangements will  be  made  for  the  instal- 
lation of  a  reduction  plant  on  Burro 
creek.    The  ores  are  free  milling. 

The  40-stamp  mill  of  the  Mohawk  G.  M. 
Co.,  7  miles  northeaBt  of  Needles,  Cal.,  on 
the  other  side  of  the  Colorado  river,  is 
ready  for  operations.    It  will  crush   ores 


from  the  Leland-Mitchell  group.  The 
stamps  will  not  begin  dropping  until  the 
Mohave  &  Milltown  Railway  is  completed, 
which  1b  17  milea  in  length  and  reaches 
from  the  company's  mines  to  the  bank  of 
the  Colorado  river,  opposite  Needles,  pass- 
ing the  mill  midway,  says  the  Eye.  A 
cable   ferry  will  be  built  across  the  river. 

L.  Hoffman,  president  and  manager  of 
the  Chloride  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Samoa  and  4th  of  March  mines  at  Chloride, 
is  preparing  to  make  ore  shipments  by 
pack  train,  and  will  send  out  a  carload  per 
month. 

SANTA  CRUZ   COUNTY. 

The  50-ton  concentrating  plant  of  the 
Arizona  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.  is  in  operation. 
The  company's  mines  are  in  Salero  dis- 
trict of  the  Santa  Rita  mountains,  but  its 
office  and  smelter  are  at  Patagonia  The 
ores  to  be  treated  carry  copper,  silver  and 
lead  values. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

The  Lucky  Verde  M.  Co.  have  started 

work    on    their    mine    near   Jerome. 

Work  on  the  Apex  group,  near  Jerome, 
has  been  temporarily  suspended  pending 
settlement  of  the  estate  of  the  late  J.  G. 
McBride,  who  wbb  interested  in  the  com- 
pany. 

J.  B.  Tomlinson,  superintendent  of  the 
Yeager  Canyon  C.  Co.,  near  Jerome,  says 
he  has  machinery  on  the  ground,  includ- 
ing two  80  H.  P.  boilers  and  a  ten-drill  air 
compressor,  which  he  expectB  to  have  in 
operation  by  August  1.  The  building  for 
the  mill  is  going  up. 

J.  H.  Wood  of  Prescott,  manager  of  the 
Wood  Mines  Co.,  reports  work  going 
ahead  at  the  Roosevelt  group,  owned  by 
his  company.  The  shaf  t  has  been  enlarged 
and  retimbered,  a  hoist  put  up  and  prepa- 
rations made  for  extracting  ore.  At  depth 
of  60  feet  they  have  20  inches  of  free-mill- 
ing ore  averaging  $34  per  ton.  He  Ib  ar- 
ranging to  build  a  5-stamp  mill. 

YUMA  COUNTY. 

Machinery  is  being  put  in  at  the  Las 
Trigos  placer  fields,  10  miles  northeast  of 
Ehrenberg,  by  a  company  of  New  York 
and  Chicago  men,  who  intend  to  work  the 
gold-bearing  gravel  by  the  dry  process. 
J.  E.  Smith  is  manager. 

Bullard's  Cunningham  Pass  group  in 
Cunningham  Pass,  near  Yuma,  has  been 
bonded  to  W.  H.  Bates.  The  property 
consists  of  five  claims,  and  two  shafts  have 
been  sunk  below  water  level  at  200  feet 
down.  Ore  shipments  of  the  first-class 
ore  to  the  smelter  gave  16%  copper  and 
one  ounce  of  gold. 

The  G.  H.  Ward  group,  at  Harrisburg, 
covering  a  peak  and  ridge  adjoining  the 
Socorro,  has  been  bonded  toG.  v7.  Middle- 
ton  of  Prescott  and  work  started  this 
week. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR   COUNTY. 

W.  E.  Stewart  says  work  has  been 
started  on  the  Butte  basin  gravel  claim, 
near  Jackson.  It  is  intended  to  sink  the 
shaft  40  feet  deeper  and  prospect  the 
gravel  at  that  depth. 

At  the  Sand  Pile  mine,  near  Forest 
Home,  D.  Fricot  is  putting  up  a  cyanide 
plant  to  treat  the  accumulations  of  tail- 
ings from  the  Plymouth  Con.  mills.  It  is 
said  aaBays  show  $2  per  ton  In  gold. 

Ore  shipments  are  being  made  from  the 
Grand  Prize  mine,  in  Pioneer  district,  ad- 
joining the  Horn  mine,  owned  by  G.  S. 
Andrews. 

The  framework  of  the  hoist  at  the  Fre- 
mont Con.  shaft,  near  Amador  City,  is  in 
position  and  work  on  the  mill  progress- 
ing. It  is  expected  the  mill  will  be  ready 
to  run  by  September  1. 

At  the  Kennedy  mine  at  Jackson  the 
cleanup  for  June  is  reported  at  $40,000, 
the  product  of  seventy  stamps. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

At  the  Rooney  mine,  in  Chili  gulch, 
near  Mokelumne  Hill,  they  are  timbering 
the  main  gangways,  north  and  south,  and 
finishing  up  the  north  and  south  stations. 
Grading  for  the  3-stamp  mill  is  in  prog- 
ress. This  mill  will  be  run  by  electricity. 
The  pump  and  mill  machinery  are  on  the 
ground. 

Superintendent  J.  A.  Sommers  of  the 
Woodhouse  mine  at  West  Point  has 
closed  the  property  down  pending  the 
putting  in  of  heavier  machinery  to  handle 
the  water  which  is  coming  in. 

EL  DORADO   COUNTY. 

A  tunnel  is  being  run  at  the  Vandalla 
mine,. near  Shingle  Springs,  under  the  old 
workings. 

The  water  in  the  Mt.  Pleasant  mine  at 
Grizzly  Flat  has  been  lowered  below  the 
500-foot  level,  and  they  have  started  to 
run  a  drift  south  from  this  level. 

The  unwatering  of  the  Havilah  mine  at 
Nashville  is  completed  and  operations  re- 
sumed. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

The  Kern  Trading  &  Oil  Co.  has  been 
organized  in  New  York,  with  J.  Krutt- 
schnitt  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  J.  Wallace, 


W. 'A.  Worthington,  J.  L.  Willcutt  and 
J.  E.  Foulds  as  directors.  They  have 
taken  over  the  holdings  of  the  San  Joa- 
quin Oil  Co.  and  the  Reed  Crude  Oil  Co., 
both  of  which  were  controlled  by  the  As- 
sociated Oil  Co.  The  Associated  is  one  of 
the  most  important  independent  oil  com- 
panies in  California.  Besides  the  San 
Joaquin  and  Reed,  the  constituent  com- 
panies of  the  Associated  include  the  Can- 
field  Oil  Co.,  Green  &  Whittier,  Wolver- 
ine Oil  Co.  and  other  smaller  concerns. 
They  own  60%  of  the  Kern  river  district, 
near  Bakersfield,  and  90%  of  the  Mc- 
Kittrick  district — in  all  200  wells.  It  con- 
trols 5490  acres  and  has  a  daily  output  of 
12,500  barrels. 

It  is  stated  the  stream  of  oil  through 
the  Standard  Oil  Co.  's  Bakersfield-Rich- 
mond  pipe  line  will  reach  Point  Richmond 
next  week  and  the  officers  of  the  company 
claim  the  capacity  of  the  line  will  be  10,- 
000  barrels  a  day.  The  reports  of  the  line 
being  a  failure  are  denied,  and  it  is  thought 
It  will  hardly  be  necessary  to  construct 
more  than  four  additional  pumping  sta- 
tions. 

MARIPOSA  COUNTY. 

The  Exchequer  M.  Co.  is  opening  up 
the  O'Brien  claims  on  the  Merced  river, 
near  Mariposa,  and  has  fifteen  men  on 
three  shifts.  A  shaft  is  being  sunk  to 
connect  with  the  tunnel,  which  is  also 
being  driven. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence) —The  Blue 
Tent  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  a  group  of 
gravel  properties  north  of  Nevada  City, 
is  making  preparations  to  put  up  a  20- 
stamp  gravel  mill.  Construction  work 
will  begin  this  month.  C.  L.  Canfield  is 
president. 

On  Shady  creek,  a  1200-foot  bedrock 
flume  has  been  started  by  the  Shady 
Creek  M.  Co.  They  are  putting  in  a  hy- 
draulic elevator  and  a  mile  of  pipe.  Full 
operations  are  expected  to  be  under  way 
August  1. 

Nevada  City,  July  14. 

The  Centennial  mine,  3}  miles  from 
Grass  Valley,  will  be  reopened  this  week, 
says  G.  W.  Root,  manager  of  the  Grass 
Valley  Con.  M.  Co.,  which  owns  it. 

The  Zeibright  M.  Co.,  F.  Zeitler  of  Ne- 
vada City,  president  and  superintendent, 
has  begun  operations  at  the  Zeibright 
mine,  south  of  Grass  Valley. 

L.  H.  Mitchell  has  bonded  the  Wright 
&  Bailey  group,  adjoining  the  Boss  mine, 
2  miles  from  North  San  Juan,  and  has  men 
at  work  on  development. 

The  Kentucky  Ridge  mine,  near  Grass 
Valley,  has  been  sold  to  an  Eastern  com- 
pany, of  which  A.  Helsey  is  local  man- 
ager. There  are  two  tunnels  driven,  each 
showing  a  vein  which  contains  milling 
ore.  The  lower  tunnel  is  in  400  feet  and 
the  upper  tunnel  200  feet. 

PLACER  COUNTY. 

At  the  Nissen  mine,  being  operated  by 
A.  Russell  of  San  Francisco,  men  are  at 
work  making  cuts  and  building  flumes.  A 
hydraulic  plant  will  be  put  in.  Russell 
proposes  to  buy  the  Rising  Sun  mine,  a 
free  milling  proposition,  near  Colfax,  Bays 
the  Herald. 

Near  Ophir  the  Boulder  mine  is  being 
unwatered,  says  Manager  Ayers  of  San 
Francisco. 

The  International  M.  &  S.  Co.  of  New 
York  has  begun  operations  at  the  South- 
ern Cross  mine  at  Huuibug  canyon,  near 
Towle.  They  will  build  a  20-stamp  mill, 
BayB  E.  J.  Trimble,  superintendent. 

SAN  DIEGO  COUNTY. 

Work  is  progressing  at  the  Stonewall 
mine,  near  Cuyamaca,  says  the  Julian 
Miner.  Their  sawmill  ia  turning  out  1000 
feet  of  lumber  a  day,  which  is  being  used 
at  the  mine  and  in  improving  and  enlarg- 
ing buildings.  Manager  Lucas  has  twenty 
men  at  work.  The  mine  will  be  unwat- 
ered. 

At  the  Owens  mine,  near  Julian,  the 
work  of  pumping  out  the  water  is  pro- 
gressing. It  is  the  intention  of  the 
Phelps-Dodge  Co.  to  sink  50  feet  from  the 
lowest  level  and  drift  50  feet  after  unwat- 
ering. 

SISKIYOU    COUNTY. 

At  J.  Quigley's  quartz  mine  at  French 
Gulch,  on  Indian  creek,  rock  averaging 
$5  per  ton  is  being  opened  up  and  he 
proposes  to  build  a  mill.  The  Tyrer  & 
Co.  mine  at  Klamath  river,  below  Klama- 
thon,  reports  work  progressing  and  the 
10-Btamp  mill  running  steadily. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  a  partial  reorganization 
of  the  Golden  Gate  M.  &  S.  Co.,  near  So- 
nora,  will  be  made.  It  is  planned  to  in- 
crease the  capacity  of  the  mill  as  to  bat- 
teries, crushers  and  concentrators;  sink 
the  shaft  500  feet  deeper,  says  the 
Banner. 

J.  Vincent  of  San  Francisco  has  bought 
the  Realization  quartz  mine,  eaBt  of  the 

Tuolumne  river,    near   Groveland. B. 

Jennings  of  San  Jose  has  an  option  on  120 


acres  of  gravel  land  on  Table  Mountain, 

near  Sonora,  for  $5000. J.  E.  Williams 

of  Stockton  has  bought  a  half  interest  in 
the  Fraction  quartz  mine,  on  Knight's 
creek,  adjoining  the  Sunset  mine,  and 
B.  M.  Hohenshell  of  Stockton  has  bought 

a  fourth  interest  in  same. P.  Rowe  has 

bought  a  third  Interest  in  the  Bell  quartz 
mine,  near  Tuttletown. 

At  the  John  Royal  mine,  near  Colum- 
bia, stoping  is  going  on  in  the  east  drifts 
at  the  100-foot  and  200-foot  levels;  five 
stamps  are  dropping  in  the  mill  and  ship- 
ments of  concentrates  are  being  made, 
says  Superintendent  W.  A.  Holmes. 

At  Soulsbyville,  at  the  Soulsby  mine, 
operations  have  been  resumed  by  W.  Shar- 
wood,  part  owner. 

Work  has  been  resumed  at  the  Mack 
mine,  near  Groveland. 

Superintendent  Stayton  of  the  Willieta 
mine,  near  Sonora,  says  a  tunnel  has  been 
run  in  on  the  vein  and  the  depth  gives 
them  about  150  feet  of  backs  on  both 
shoots.  It  is  proposed  to  put  in  electric 
power  and  a  concentrating  plant 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

A  2  foot  vein  of  shipping  ore  has  been 
opened  up  in  the  Copper  Glance  mine, 
near  Ward,  one  of  the  mines  of  Sunset 
district,  sayB  Superintendent  W.  J.  Bar- 
rett. Shipments  are  being  made  to 
the  smelter. 

The  Blue  Grass  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Phoenix,  is  taking  out  high-grade  ore  and 
have  started  building  a  mill  to  handle 
their  own  ores. 

The  Boulder  &  Denver  Water  Power 
Co.  has  been  organized,  having  bought 
the  Barker  property  near  Nederland,  and 
will  build  an  electric  power  plant  and  mill 
for  treating  low-grade  ores.  The  directors 
are  W.  S.  Boynton,  F.  R.  Jeffery,  R  W. 
Norrington,  A.  Remley  and  A.  C.  Patton. 
W.  S.  Boynton  of  Colorado  Springs  is 
president.  The  company  proposes  not  only 
to  deliver  power  for  a  mill  it  intends  to 
erect  on  Four-mile,  but  for  sale  of  it  for 
mining,  smelting,  manufacturing  and 
other  purposes. 

W.  Capp  of  Denver,  manager  of  the 
Eagle  Rock  M.  Co.,  operating  on  Boulder 
creek,  9  miles  west  of  Boulder,  says  near 
the  Cochrane  mill  he  is  driving  a  crosscut 
tunnel  in  Sugar  Loaf  mountain.  The 
Milan  mine  1b  on  the  course  of  the  tunnel. 
The  firBt  of  the  company  veins  to  be  cut 
is  the  Independence,  then  the  Post  Boy. 
The  tunnel  is  in  800  feet  and  they  have  50 
feet  to  drive  to  cut  the  Independence, 
which  has  a  shaft  214  feet  deep,  and  show- 
ing $20  ore. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

T.  M.  Fisher  of  Colorado  Springs  re- 
ports making  final  payment  on  the  New 
Year  mine,  1  mile  from  Idaho  Springs,  on 
the  Virginia  canyon  road.  It  has  been 
developed  by  a  shaft  120  feet  in  depth  and 
the  drifts  extended.  Some  lead  ore  has 
been  opened  up. 

The  Gold  Medal  group,  near  Idaho 
Springs,  resumed  operations  last  week 
with  S.  B.  Swink  as  superintendent. 

J.  A.  Wright  of  Denver,  manager  of  the 
Lucania  tunnel,  near  Idaho  Springs,  says 
their  operating  plant  was  started  up  this 
week.  They  have  put  in  a  14x16  com- 
pressor to  operate  five  drills.  Their  boiler 
capacity  is  100  H.  P. 

Work  on  the  Vidler  tunnel  of  the  Trans- 
continental Co.,  near  Georgetown,  is  going 
ahead.  The  grading  for  the  compressor 
plant  was  started  laBt  week  and  the  road 
started  to  connect  with  the  county  road. 
The  road  to  the  Bawmill  site  is  finished 
and  the  machinery  is  being  taken  in. 

W.  S.  Liebrick,  manager  of  the  Little 
Mattie  M.  &  M.  Co.  of  Colorado  Springs, 
operating  near  Idaho  Springs,  says  devel- 
opments are  progressing  In  the  fourth  and 
fifth  levels.  In  the  former  workingB  Les- 
see Parker  is  developing  a  shoot  yielding 
high-grade  ore  for  a  distance  of  260  feet, 
and  he  has  100  feet  in  depth  on  it,  being 
between  the  300  and  400-foot  levels.  The 
company  is  driving  the  fifth  level.  It  is 
proposed  to  put  In  a  50-ton  cyaniding 
plant,  which  will  be  increased  to  100  tons 
later.  The  mill  is  running  full  time.  The 
jig  concentrates  are  running  $118  a  ton 
and  $55  a  ton  from  the  tables.  It  Is  re- 
ported the  Little  Mattie  will  construct  an 
aerial  tramway  from  the  mine  to  their 
mill,  which  is  on  Chicago  creek.  This 
would  save  a  haul  of  1  mile. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  that  a  company  i9  being 
organized  at  Pueblo  to  develop  the  Clara 
claim  at  Rosita.  This  claim  is  near  the 
Humboldt  mine.  The  shaft  of  the  Clara 
mine  is  down  40  feet  and  ore  samples  show 
silver,  lead  and  gold  values.  Machinery 
is  on  the  ground  and  the  shaft  will  be  con- 
tinued down  100  feet  more  and  stopes  car- 
ried toward  the  Humboldt  vein. 
DENVER  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — It  was  the 
intention  of  the  union  to  place  pickets  at 
each  of  the  plants  of  the  American  S.  & 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


43 


R.  Co.  and  to  boycott  the  smelter  should 
the  company  attempt  to  open  up  with 
nonunion  men.  The  trust  has  secured  an 
Injunction  against  the  Federation  from 
boycotting,  picketing  or  Interfering  In  any 
way  with  the  smelters  or  Its  employes. 
The  Globe  plant  Is  resuming  under  police 
protection.  The  Grant  plant  will  remain 
closed  indefinitely.  No  serious  trouble  Is 
anticipated.  At  the  Standard  mill  at  Colo- 
rado City  the  men  have  gone  out,  but  It 
Is  thought  the  trouble  will  not  extend  as 
far  as  at  first  supposed. 
Denver,  July  13. 

DOLORES  COUNTY. 
The  concentrating   plant  at  the  Group 
tunnel,  near  Rico,  Is  expected  to  be  In  op- 
eration before  Aug.  1,   says   Superintend- 
ent C.  D.  Hooper. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 
J.  R.  Anderson  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Pittsburg  Con.  M.,  M.  &  T. 
Co.,  says  they  have  bought  the  Gold  Dirt 
mines  at  Perlgo.  He  states  there  are  3000 
feet  of  the  west  end  of  the  property  that 
Is  practically  undeveloped.  A  new  cage 
shaft  will  be  sunk  on  the  voin,  and  as  the 
lode  Is  nearly  vertical  It  will  be  started 
200  feet  above  Gamble  gulch.  A  concen- 
trating and  stamp  mill  of  100  tons  dally 
capacity  will  be  built  between  the  shaft 
and  the  gulch.  A  good  wagon  road  con- 
nects the  mines  and  mill  with  Rollinsvllle, 
1J  mile.  The  Pittsburg  Co.  also  owns  the 
Dover  and  Brighton  mines  In  Idaho 
Springs  and  Preeland  districts,  In  Clear 
Creek  county,  says  the  Post.  W.  H. 
KnowleB  of  Denver  Is  manager. 
GUNNISON  COUNTY. 
The  Moro  mill  of  twenty  tons  capacity 
Is  being  remodeled  by  J.  M.  Gardner  of 
Pittsburg.  Pa.  The  mill  Is  near  the  mouth 
of  Jones  gulch,  4  miles  above  Ohio  City. 
It  Is  intended  to  Increase  the  capacity, 
says  the  Times. 

On  Cinnamon  and  Baldy  mountains  on 
Crystal  river,  near  Elko,  H.  C.  Clark  of 
Leadvllle,  manager  of  the  Gregor  G.  M  , 
L.  &  M.  Co.,  says  they  are  doing  develop- 
ment work.  Another  tunnel  has  been 
started  200  feet  below  the  previous  work- 
ings. Their  ore  carries  gold,  silver,  cop- 
per, lead  and  zinc. 

D.  C.  Tobin  &  Co.  are  operating  the 
Erie  &  Eureka-Nest  Egg  group,  near 
White  Pine,  under  lease.  These  lie  under 
the  David  H.  and  join  the  Akron  holding. 
The  Akron  Co.  have  started  work  of  re- 
modeling the  concentrating  mill  for  treat- 
ing concentrating  ores  from  neighboring 
mines,  as  well  as  their  own.  Another 
property  in  operation  is  the  Alwllda 
group  of  ten  claims  on  Granite  mountain, 
and  owned  by  Fuller  &  Riley,  who  are 
working  them.  A  tunnel  has  been  driven 
850  feet,  with  200  feet  of  drifting,  showing 
1  j  foot  of  concentrating  ore  between  walls 
of  granite  that  runs  12%  lead,  12  ounces 
silver  and  $2  in  gold  per  ton,  says  the 
Times. 

The  East  Rock  M.  &  M.  Co.  resumed 
operations  last  week  on  the  Hercules  and 
Ajax  mines,  near  Elko,  says  Manager 
S.  E.  Day.  The  principal  work  to  be  done 
at  present  will  be  development.  A  vein 
has  been  opened,  3  feet  wide,  running  82 
in  gold,  20  ounces  silver  and  4%  copper. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 
The  Republic  S.  &  R.  Co.  will  build  a 
duplicate  of  the  Salida  plant  In  Leadvllle, 
work  to  begin  this  month,  says  Manager 
Goodwin.  For  the  present  two  lead  fur- 
naces will  be  Installed,  with  a  capacity  of 
200  tons  each,  and  a  matting  furnace  later, 
but  it  is  expected  to  add  two  more.  The 
completed  plant  will  have  a  capacity  of 
1000  tons  a  day. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

The  Neglected  mine,  near  La  Plata,  is 
shipping  high-grade  ore  to  the  Durango 
smelter  and  will  ship  concentrates  also 
from  the  mill.  Seventy- five  men  are  em- 
ployed. 

MINERAL  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Mining 
around  Creede  is  improving.  On  the  list 
of  shlpp'ers  are  the  Big  Kanawha,  Del- 
monte,  New  York  and  Chance,  Commo- 
dore and  Bachelor  mines.  The  Bachelor 
is  being  operated  by  lesseeB.  The  camp  is 
shipping  6000  tons  per  month.  The  Cor- 
sair and  Alpha  each  ship  15  tons  dally. 
The  East  Willow  M.  Co.  is  operating  the 
Solomon,  Ethel  and  Moses.  They  have  a 
concentrating  mill  which  handles  60  tons 
daily.  They  are  putting  in  more  tables 
and  jigs. The  Humphrey  mill  is  han- 
dling 5000  tons  of  ore  per  month  from  the 
United  Mines  and  making  45  tons  of  con- 
centrates per  day.  The  mill  has  been 
operated  by  water  power,  but  they  are 
adding  a  steam  plant  to  furnish  power  for 
winter  operating.  They  have  plenty  of 
water  this  summer.  L.  H.  Norton  is 
superintendent  and  J.  D.  Hawkins  man- 
ager. 
Creede,  July  13. 

RIO  GRANDE  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence  )— The  Kansas 
City  Tunnel  Site  M.  Co.,  6  mileB  east  of 


Jasper,  have  their  tunnel  in  800  feet. 
They  intend  building  a  reduction  plant. 
L.  K.  Kramer,  Monte  Vista,  Is  manager. 
The  ore  carries  gold,  silver,  lead,  copper 
and  zlno. 
Jasper,  July  12. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

A  14-inch  pipe  line  Is  being  built  to  sup- 
ply water  power  for  the  Highland  Mary 
mine  and  mill  near  SUverton.  The  line 
will  be  i  mile  in  length  with  a  950-foot 
fall. 

G.  Howard  Is  reopening  the  Creole 
Belle  mine,  near  the  Sunnyslde  mine, 
near  SUverton. 

M.  Helser  of  Eureka  has  resumed  work 
on  the  Montezuma  (Tucson)  mine  In 
South  Eureka  gulch,  near  Eureka. 

The  Dewey  claim  In  Horseshoe  basin, 
on  the  edge  of  Burrows  Park,  near  SU- 
verton, has  eleven  men  at  work.  Ship- 
ments will  be  started  next  week. 

The  tramway  line  extending  from  the 
American  tunnel  to  the  Gold  King  mill  at 
Gladstone  Is  being  overhauled  to  the  ex- 
tent of  placing  a  new  stationary  cable  of 
l}-inch  size  and  the  attachment  of  addi- 
tional buckets  to  Increase  the  transporta- 
tion of  ores  to  200  tons  dally  capacity, 
says  the  SUverton  Statdard. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 
The  French  Gulch  Placer  Co.,  near 
Breckenrldge,  is  using  five  giants.  In 
order  to  double  the  output  of  gold,  a 
dredge  will  be  built,  which  they  expect  to 
have  floated  before  the  present  season  is 
over,  says  the  Journal. 

At  Argentine,  the  Rothschild  Co.  has 
driven  its  tunnel  into  Cooper  mountain  a 
distance  of  2400  feet.  Heavier  machinery 
will  be  put  In,  including  an  air  compressor 
capable  of  driving  eight  drills. 

The  Uthoff  mine,  at  Kokomo,  is  being 
worked  again,  says  Manager  Uthoff,  the 
owner. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 
Operations  are  resumed  on  the  May- 
belle  group,  on  Lawrence  town  site,  below 
Victor,  and  it  is  Intended  to  continue 
sinking  to  500  feet.  An  air  compressor, 
electrically  driven,  will  be  used  to  furnish 
the  power. 

According  to  estimates  made  by  the 
surveyors,  the  Cripple  Creek  drainage 
tunnel  will  be  completed  by  August  15, 
says  S.  Aldrich,  chairman  of  the  Cripple 
Creek  drainage  committee.  The  tunnel 
was  driven  665  feet  in  June,  being  at  the 
rate  of  22J  feet  a  day;  only  four  headings 
were  worked,  as  a  good  flow  of  water  is 
being  developed  in  the  fifth,  northeast  of 
the  shaft.  There  remained  1032  feet  to 
be  run  July  1.  It  is  now  seen  the  tunnel 
will  unwater  the  Cripple  Creek  basin,  as 
the  northeast  breast  is  getting  a  flow  of 
300  gallons  a  minute;  so  that  further 
work  in  that  heading  is  unsafe  until  the 
tunnel  is  opened  to  that  portal. 

President  K.  Macdermid  of  the  C.  K.  & 
N.  Co.  says  that  as  soon  as  the  Cripple 
Creek  drainage  tunnel  is  completed  to  the 
El  Paso  shaft  and  unwaters  that  area, 
Lessee  Gran  field  &  Co.  will  run  a  crosscut 
from  the  shaft  at  550  feet  to  connect  with 
the  El  Paso  workings.  This  crosscut  will 
constitute  a  lateral  of  the  drainage  tunnel 
and  will  serve  as  an  outlet  from  the  C.  K. 
&  N.  mine,  as  Granfield  proposes  to  put  a 
pump  in  the  bottom  of  his  shaft  and  lift 
the  water  to  the  crosscut,  whence  it  will 
flow  out  of  the  tunnel.  This  will  be  but  a 
short  lift  for  the  water. 

The  Isabella  directors  at  Colorado 
Springs  have  given  a  three  years'  lease 
to  T.  Murphy  and  C.  C.  Hamlin  for  the 
entire  holdings  of  100  acres  near  Cripple 
Creek. 

The  Ajax  G.  M.  Co  ,  operating  on  Bat- 
tle mountain,  near  Cripple  Creek,  are 
preparing  to  set  up  a  heavier  pump  on  the 
1100-foot  level. 

The  Kimball  Investment  Co.  of  Denver 
has  bought  of  the  Legal  M.  &  M.  Co.  the 
Saturday  lode  claim  on  Rosebud  hill  and 
the  Coinage  lode  claim  on  Tenderfoot  hill, 
Cripple  Creek. 

The  payrolls  of  Cripple  Creek  district 
for  month  of  June  were  distributed  last 
week  to  a  total  of  6286  men,  and  aggre- 
gated 8654,778.  The  leasing  of  the  Strat- 
ton  estate  mines  and  the  completion  of  the 
drainage  tunnel  will  cause  still  further 
increases  in  the  number  of  men  needed  in 
and  about  the  mines. 

The  mines  on  Bull  hill,  Cripple  Creek, 
owned  by  the  Empire  State  Con.  G.  M. 
Co.,  have  been  taken  over  by  W.  H.  Spur- 
geon,  H.  C.  Cassldy,  et  al.  Included  in 
the  claims  held  by  the  Empire  State  Co. 
were  those  formerly  owned  by  the  Arrow 
G.  M.  Co.  and  Orphan  G.  M.  Co. 

The  Merrimac  Leasing  Co  ,  operating 
the  Merrimac  mine,  near  Cripple  Creek, 
are  putting  in  a  steam  plant  of  machinery. 
They  will  sink  the  shaft  another  100  feet. 
The  El  Paso  Co.  at  Cripple  Creek  has 
granted  a  lease  on  the  dump  of  the  old 
shaft  to  D.  Bernard,  who  has  put  in  a 
steam  washer  and  has  started  work  wash- 
ing the  rock.  The  washing  machine  wiU 
treat  100  tons  of  rock  per  day. 
The  executors  of  the  'Stratton  estate 


have  granted  several  additional  leases  on 
their  ground  at  Cripple  Creek  including: 
J.  A.  Hlmebaugh  of  Colorado  Springs  on 
the  Geneva;  A.  J.  Francis  of  Cripple 
Creek  on  the  Monitor;  G.  Johnson  and  J. 
Lund  on  the  Geneva;  C.  Lund  and  A. 
Nelson  on  the  Nada.  The  property  on 
which  Hlmebaugh  has  a  lease  has  a  shaft 
600  feet  In  depth. 

A  three-drill  compressor  has  been  set  up 
on  the  Climax  No.  1  and  a  crosscut  from 
the  tunnel  of  the  Climax  No.  2  will  be 
driven  by  H.  P.  Wilkins  et  al.  of  Boston, 
Mass.,  who  have  a  lease  on  the  ground 
from  the  Little  Puck  Co.,  which  Is  on 
Squaw  mountain,  near  Cripple  Creek. 
The  crosscut  is  expected  to  cut  the  Ocean 
Wave  vein. 

Manager  T.  Cornlshof  Stratum's  Inde- 
pendence at  Cripple  Creek  says  a  cyanide 
plant  is  being  built. 

The  Independence  Con.  Co.  at  Cripple 
Creek  resumed  work  last  week  on  com- 
pany account  above  the  first  level  (300 
feet  in  depth).  The  company  will  work 
In  the  two  veins  that  were  opened  up  in 
cro6scuttlng.  One  vein  contains  smelting 
grade,  while  the  other  is  of  milling  ore 
Pumps  will  be  put  In  on  the  1250-foot 
level  and  the  shaft  will  be  sunk  an  addi- 
tional 100  feet.  Additional  boiler  capacity 
is  to  be  installed.  This  work  will  be  inde- 
pendent of  the  work  being  done  by  the 
Cripple  Creek  M.  Co.,  which  has  a  lease 
from  the  first  level  down  to  depth  of  1250 
feet.    W.  P.  Dunham  Is  manager. 

Oastler,  Tomlinson  &  Pender  Bros,  have 
built  a  cyanide  plant  to  work  the  Ingham 
dump,  owned  by  the  Doctor-Jack  Pot  Co. 
at  Cripple  Creek.  It  is  estimated  in  the 
dump  there  are  5000  tons,  assaying  $4  in 
gold.  A  crusher,  a  pair  of  rolls  and  four 
tanks  are  in  place.  The  cyanide  plant  at 
the  Van  Fleet  sampler,  near  Goldflelds,  is 
reported  doing  satisfactory  work.  All 
the  ore  for  this  mill  comes  from  the  Iron- 
clad claim  that  is  under  lease  to  Rice  & 
Temple. 

The  Gold  King  claim,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  of  the  Savage  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.  of 
Colorado  Springs  haB  been  leased  to  H.  S. 
Rankin  for  two  years  at  graded  royalties. 
He  will  develop  through  the  Good  Will 
tunnel,  which  cuts  the  property  between 
500  and  600  feet. 

IDAHO. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 
The  Rosetta  District  D.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  at  Hailey  by  C.  C.  Ruth- 
rauff,  C.  Hernshelm  and  J.  H.  Miller  of 
New  York  to  operate  in  Rosetta  district 
on  the  Little  Smoky  river,  35  miles  from 
Hailey. 

The  Rosetta  M.  Co.  has  been  incorpo- 
rated by  C.  C.  Ruthrauff  and  B.  F.  Jack- 
Bon  of  New  York  City,  G.  D.  B.  Has- 
brouck  of  Kingaton,  N.  Y.,  and  L.  Thomp- 
son of  Westfield,  N.  J.,  to  operate  in  the 
same  district. 

The  Little  Smoky  M.  Co.  has  also  been 
organized  by  the  same  parties. 
BOISE  COUNTY. 
R.  L.  Hordern,  working  a  group  of 
claimB  at  the  head  of  Little  Bull  Dog 
creek,  2  mileB  west  of  Pen  Basin  road  and 
16  mUes  from  Alpha,  reports  opening  up 
free  gold  ore  assaying  820.  The  ledges 
are  3  feet  wide  between  a  granite  and  a 
porphyry  contact. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 
Manager  Czizek  of  the  Lost  Packer 
mine  in  Loon  Creek  district,  near  Custer, 
says  it  is  proposed  to  build  a  mill  this 
summer.  Work  will  begin  this  month. 
IDAHO  COUNTY. 
R.  S.  Law  reports  making  second  pay- 
ment on  the  Kimberly  and  Jewell  groups 
of  claims  in  Marshall  Lake  district,  which 
is  under  bond  to  Law,  Hill  &  Co.  of  New 
York  City  for  $65,000.  A  Chilian  mill  of 
40-ton  capacity  will  be  put  up  this  summer 
and  will  be  run  by  water  power.  There 
is  a  160-foot  tunnel  in  on  the  Jewell  and 
an  exploration  shaft  and  some  tunneling 
on  the  Kimberly.  They  propose  to  build 
a  wagon  road  from  Goff,  a  station  on  the 
stage  road,  to  Lewiston,  40  miles  from  the 
Meadows. 

F.  S.  Myers,  part  owner  of  the  Silver 
King  mine  at  Warren,  has  sixteen  miners 
at  work  at  the  Silver  King  and  the  Key- 
stone mines,  having  resumed  last  week. 
An  engine  and  hoist  have  been  placed  on 
the  Keystone.  The  ore  will  be  taken  to 
the  Silver  King  mill.  It  is  the  intention 
of  the  Silver  King  M.  Co.  to  increase  de- 
velopment work. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 
Additional  equipments  are  being  put  In 
by  the  McKlnnon  G.  M.  C  ).,  near  Silver 
City,  and  Superintendent  McKlnnon  has 
Btarted  the  crosscut  tunnel  to  open  their 
group  of  claims. 

A  motor  and  blower  were  put  in  at  the 
Addie  mine  tunnel,  near  Silver  City,  last 
week.    Stoping  has  begun. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 
The  St.  Louis  &  Idaho  M.  &  M.  Co.  has 
been  Incorporated  to  develop  three  claims 
on  Canyon  creek,   between  the  Hercules 


and  the  Tiger-Poorman  mines,  near 
Burke.  Galena,  carrying  25%  lead  and 
some  sliver,  is  shown  in  the  cropplngs.  A 
300-foot  tunnel  is  being  run.  R.  F.  Col- 
lins of  Wallace,  D.  D.  Barbee  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo  ,  G.  D.  Collins  of  Jerico,  Mo  ,  and  I.  S. 
Collins  of  Lewiston  are  Incorporators. 

The  Tiger  -  Poorman  mine  resumed 
operations  last  week  after  being  closed 
down  since  May  19,  when  the  hoist  and 
crusher  buildings  were  destroyed  by  fire. 
These  have  been  rebuilt. 

The  Springfield  M.  Co.,  operating  near 
Mullan,  is  shipping  ore  to  the  smelter, 
which  assays  18%  copper  and  85  in  gold. 

KANSAS. 

CHAUTAUQUA  COUNTY. 

R.  R.  Pitkin,  A.  E.  Stilwell,  J.  C.  Rich- 
ardson and  T.  Morgan  of  Joplin,  Mo.,  are 
prospecting  a  number  of  gas  and  oil  leases 
near  Nlotaze  on  which  they  have  two 
drill  rigs  In  operation.  They  report  hav- 
ing a  large  flow  of  gas  in  one  drill  hole, 
which  is  down  900  feet.  The  other  drill 
hole  Is  down  400  feet. 

MONTGOMERY  COUNTY. 

J.  M.  Parker  of  Independence  reports 
the  Bank's  well  completed  and  flowing. 
The  opening  of  this  well  shows  the  pres- 
ence of  oil  under  the  Walker  mound  where 
the  well  is  located.  One-half  mile  east  of 
this  well  is  the  FellowB'  well,  which  pro- 
duces twenty  barrels  daily. 


MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  Lake  Superior  concentrating  works 
on  the  Franklin  sands,  near  Hancock,  re- 
sumed operations  last  week,  after  a  long 
shutdown  because  of  the  explosion  which 
wrecked  the  cylinder  of  the  engine. 

At  the  Rhode  island  mine,  near  Calu- 
met, they  are  sinking  winzes  below  the 
eighth  level  at  a  depth  of  1000  feet.  On 
that  level  the  crosscut  is  being  driven  west 
and  has  opened  up  a  good  lode.  The 
winze  is  sinking  from  a  point  on  this  drift 
25  feet  south  of  the  crosscut. 

The  St.  Mary's  Mineral  Land  Co.,  near 
Winona,  is  diamond  drilling  for  the  lode 
operated  at  the  Winona  mine. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 
Near  Allouez  the  company  has  men  at 
work  on  the  Miswabik  property  teat  pit- 
ting east  and  west  from  a  common  start- 
ing point.  Test  pits  4x5  are  being  sunk  8 
feet.  The  overburden  is  light.  The 
Kearsarge  lode  has  not  yet  been  struck. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 
The  mill  of  the  Mass  Con.  C.  Co.  of 
Mass  City  In  June  stamped  8469  tons  of 
rock,  producing  eighty-eight  tons  of  min- 
eral. The  remainder  of  the  month's  prod- 
uct of  172  tons  was  eighty-four  tons  of 
mass  copper.  The  management  has 
adopted  the  filling  system  in  use  at  the 
Baltic  mine  and  hoisting  of  waste  rock  will 
In  future  be  avoided.  By  September  they 
expect  to  send  500  tons  of  rock  daily  to 
the  mill. 

MISSOURI 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

An  Increase  of  8391,432  is  Bhown  in  the 
value  of  the  output  of  the  zinc  and  lead 
oreB  of  Joplin  district  for  the  first  six 
months  of  1903  over  the  eame  period  of 
1902.  Thia  gain  waa  made,  too,  with  a  de- 
crease of  13,662  tons  in  the  zinc  shipment 
and  1576  tons  of  lead  shipment.  The 
average  price  of  zinc  waB  $34  per  ton, 
against  an  average  for  the  same  period  of 
1902  of  $28  48.  The  average  price  of  lead 
waa  $54.30,  against  $43,  says  the  Joplin 
News-Herald. 

The  Rex  M  &  S.  Co.,  near  Joplin,  are 
doing  considerable  prospecting.  They 
have  a  lease  on  400  acres  of  land  east  of 
the  original  1000-acre  tract,  and  have  two 
drills  prospecting.  The  pumpB  are  at 
work  on  the  mines  that  were  recently 
flooded. 

The  Florence  G.  M.  Co.  haa  been  incor- 
porated at  Joplin  by  J.  D  Bowersock, 
H.  L.  Moore,  H.  S.  Clarke,  I.  Hill  of  Law- 
rence, Kan.,  A.  G.  Cumminga,  B.  T.  Love, 
N.  H.  Wright,  J.  H.  Legg  of  Joplin. 

The  Barr  None  M.  Co.,  operating  on 
the  Modoc  lease  Bouth  of  Joplin,  has  put 
in  a  boiler  and  engine  and  a  steam  hoist. 
A  drift  has  been  started  and  they  are 
taking  out  pay  dirt. 

At  Carterville  the  Missouri  Blanket 
Vein  M.  Co.  has  Bold  its  mill  and  all  its 
machinery  and  has  quit  mining,  says  the 
Carterville  Record. 

F.  Nicholson  of  Joplin  has  bought  a 
prospect  on  the  Eleventh  Hour  leaae  for 
$30,000.  The  property  consists  of  four 
lots  on  the  Eleventh  Hour  ground  with  a 
shaft  down  showing  a  20-foot  face  of  ore, 
says  the  News-Herald. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

At  Stotts  City  the  Keystone  mine  has 
its  mill  In  full  operation  and  the  mine  has 
been  unwatered. 

The  Mt.  Vernon  M.  Co.,  which  has  a 
lease  on  200  acrea  of  mining  land  in  Stotts 


44 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  18, 1903. 


City  district,  is  preparing  to  sub-lease  on 
tracts  of  five  acres. 

NEWTON  COUNTY. 
The  pumping  machinery  at  the  Buck- 
ham  mine  at  Granby  is  in  operation.    , 

STONE  COUNTY. 

At  Baxter  springs  it  is  reported  that  a 
mill  will  be  built  at  the  Sunny  Side  mine 
and  work  will  be  started  this  month. 

At  the  Tom  Clark  mine  drifting  has  be- 
gun on  the  lead  ore.  The  ore  in  the  bin 
is  lump  ore  only,  as  the  fine  dirt  has  not 
been  cleaned. 

MONTANA. 

CHOTEAU  COUNTY. 
J.  Torgenson,  superintendent  of  the 
Mission  Peak  M.  Co.,  operating  near  Lan- 
dusky,  says  their  10-stamp  mill  is  running 
steadily.  The  ore  averages  $7  per  ton  in 
gold.  He  proposes  putting  in  a  cyanide 
plant.     They  ship  some  high  grade  ore. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 
The  pay  rolls  of  the  Gold  Reef  Co.,  at 
Gilt  Edge,  show  sixty  men  on  the  works, 
says  the  Argus.  Of  these,  twenty  men 
are  prospecting  in  the  mines,  and  others 
are  working  on  the  construction  of  the 
roasters.  It  is  expected  the  roasters  will 
be  put  in  operation  August  1st. 

FLATHEAD   COUNTY. 

The  Snowshoe  mine,  near  Libby,  has 
begun  shipments  of  ore  and  concentrates. 
The  concentrator  is  running  full  time. 

J.  H.  Geiger,  manager  of  the  Illinois  & 
Montana  M.  Co.,  says  work  will  be  re- 
sumed on  their  group  in  West  Fisher  dis- 
trict, near  Libby,  and  that,  in  addition  to 
development  this  summer,  the  company 
will  build  a  mill. 

It  is  reported  that  work  at  the  Banner 
&  Bangle  mine,  6  miles  south  of  Troy, 
operated  by  Larson  &  Greenough,  under 
a  bond,  is  progressing  and  shipments  of 
ore  will  be  started  this  month,  says  the 
Western  News.  They  have  decided  to 
build  a  concentrator  at  the  mine. 

JEFFERSON   COUNTY. 

Machinery  is  being  put  in  at  the  Even- 
ing Star  mine,  in  Cataract  district,  near 
Basin. 

Mulvahill  &  Ely,  lessees  of  the  Daly 
group  at  Wlckes,  are  making  shipments 
to  smelters  of  their  first-class  ores,  and 
have  enlarged  their  concentrator  to  100 
tons  per  day  capacity.  They  have  started 
sinking  200  feet  from  the  600  level. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

The  Missouri  &  Montana  Co.,  owning 
the  Sure  Thing  mine  in  Ontario  district, 
near  Helena,  is  increasing  development 
work.  Canol  &  Martin  of  Helena,  the 
principal  holders,  expect  to  place  a  smelter 
on  the  group  this  summer. 

The  Lee  Mountain  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Rimini,  has  increased  its  shipments  since 
the  completion  of  the  three-rail  gravity 
tramway  from  the  mine  to  the  railroad. 
The  mine  has  been  shipping  800  tons  of 
ore  a  month  to  the  smelters  and  concen- 
trator,  which  will  be  increased   to  2000 

tonB. J.   Kuykendall   of    Helena    has 

leased  the  Tathem  group  of  claims  in 
Rimini  district. 

It  is  reported  the  Montana  Co.,  Ltd., 
has  taken  a  lease  and  bond  on  the  prop- 
erty of  the  CruBe  Mountain  Con.  M.  Co. 
and  also  the  South  Drum  Lummon  M. 
Co.,  nearMarysville,  say  s  the  Mountaineer, 
and  operations  are  to  be  begun  this  week. 

MADISON  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  three 
dredgers  near  Virginia  City  are  operating 
with  great  success  this  summer.  The  one 
operated  by  the  Chicago  M.  &  D.  Co., 
W.  W.  Parker  superintendent,  will  cease 
operations  next  fall,  upon  expiration  of 
time  lease  from  Conroy  Placer  M.  Co. 

Virginia  City,  July  13. 

The  Kearsarge  mine,  near  Virginia 
City,  started  last  week  to  sink  a  three- 
oompartment  shaft  for  500  feet;  the  only 
stop  to  be  made  is  at  the  130  foot  level, 
where  a  station  will  be  cut  to  connect  the 
new  shaft  with  the  present  workings, 
says  the  Inter-Mountain. 

Manager  Godfrey  of  the  Montana  &  St. 
Paul  M.  Co.,  operating  near  Twin 
Bridges,  says  operations  have  begun  on 
their  claims  on  Wisconsin  creek  at  Old 
Baldy  mountain.  They  have  uncovered 
three  shoots  of  shipping  ore. 
POWELL  COUNTY. 

Manager  G.  J.  Kirby  of  the  Montana 
United  M.  Co.  has  bought  the  Elroy,  the 
Poorman  and  the  Hemlock  mining  claims, 
near  Emery.  These  claims  are  north  of 
the  Emery  mine,  and  the  first  two  adjoin 
the  Sunday. 

NEVADA. 

ELKO  COUNTY. 
G.  E.  Gavin  of  Boise,  Idaho,  developing 
the  Riddle  mine,  near  Elko,  reports  the 
tunnel  being  driven  ahead.  The  mine 
has  a  20-stamp  mill  which  la  run  by  elec- 
tric power.  The  Bull  Run  is  opened  up, 
and  has  a  10-stamp  mill. 


LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  lone  M.  Co.  is  preparing  to  Btart 
development  work  on  the  Pompeii,  Amer- 
ican Girl  and  Independence  -  Golden  Gar- 
ter groups,  near  Searchlight,  which  it 
haB  under  bond.  These  are  north  of  the 
BlosBOm  group,  being  operated  by  the 
Southern  Nevada  Co.  P.  J.  Spare  is 
manager,  and  he  will  put  in  an  air  com- 
pressor and  two  machine  drills.  Two 
shafts  will  be  sunk. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

A  group  of  fourteen  claims  north  of  and 
adjoining  the  New  York  &  Nevada  C.  Co., 
near  Ely,  have  been  taken  under  a  three 
months'  bond  by  W.  C.  Rose  for  Eastern 
men. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 
Near  Bromide,  the  Strawberry  mine, 
which  has  been  idle  for  several  months, 
resumed  work  last  week  with  eleven  men, 
says  Superintendent  R.  Cole.  Work  will 
consist  for  the  present  of  sinking  the 
shaft  and  crosacutting  at  the  100-foot 
level.  The  Strawberry  has  steam  ma- 
chinery  and   air  drills. Work   on  the 

Continental  has  been  delayed  for  the  paat 
bIx  weeks  because  of  water  in  the  shaft. 
At  the  Sardine  mine  work  will  be  re- 
sumed, says  Superintendent  Roberts. 

Work  will  be  begun  on  the  property  of 
the  Cunningham  Gulch  M.  Co.  this  month. 
The  company  owna  several  claims  near 
the  War  Eagle,  Continental  and  Tampa 
mines,  says  the  New  Mexican. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correapondence). — The  plant  of 
the  American  Placer  Co.  at  Jicarilla  will 
soon  be  ready  for  operation  again.  The 
machinery  is  all  on  the  ground.  It  is 
about  a  year  now  since  the  company  first 
attempted  to  operate  these  placers,  and 
when  their  dredger  equipment  resulted 
unsatisfactorily,  it  looked  as  if  they  would 
have  to  abandon  the  project.  But  they 
have  had  their  plant  remodeled  and  ex- 
pect to  handle  400  yards  of  dirt  a  day, 
yielding  an  average  of  $125  gold  per  day. 
Fifteen  men  will  be  required  to  run  the 
whole  plant,  or  five  men  per  shift  of  eight 
hours.  H.  L.  Payne  of  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
is  engineer  in  charge  of  the  work. 

Jacarilla,  July  14. 

OREGON. 

BAKER    COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Hill  quartz  mine  of  the  Burnt 
River  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Baker  City,  has 
been  sold  to  C.  H.  McNicholaB  of  Port- 
land for  $200,000. 

J.  Michaels  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Turnagain  Arm  M.  Co.,  oper- 
ating in  Cracker  Creek  district,  near 
Sumpter,  says  that  at  the  Cracker  Jack, 
one  of  their  group,  they  are  preparing  to 
put  up  a  sinking  plant  with  capacity  of 
500  feet  depth.  A  shaft  will  be  sunk  on 
the  Snowflake  claim  and  tunneling  done 
on  the  Uneeda.  Work  on  the  concentrat- 
ing plant  at  the  California  is  going  ahead 
and  it  is  expected  the  mill  will  be  running 
by  August  1. 

Work  has  been  started  on  the  Martha 
Washington  group  of  five  claims,  in  Cable 
Cove  district,  near  Sumpter,  by  C.  War- 
ren, F.  W.  Northup  and  T.  C.  Gray, 
owners. 

Work  was  started  last  week  on  the 
mines  of  the  Cracker-Highland  G.  M.  Co., 
in  Cracker  Creek  district,  near  Sumpter. 
The  company  has  been  reorganized  and 
H.  Cummings,  W.  G.  Perkins,  J.  C. 
Davies  and  A.  P.  Goss  elected  as  officers, 
with  C.  H.  Fenner  of  Sumpter  consulting 
engineer.  The  group  is  on  the  Minne- 
apolis ledge.  They  will  continue  the 
tunnel  on  the  ledge  to  tap  the  ore  shoot 
uncovered  on  the  Minneapolis  and  also 
sink  a  200-foot  shaft. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

Near  Alamo,  F.  A.  Wheeler,  G.  A.  and 
R.  E.  Hills  of  Chicago,  111.,  F.  H.  Hills  of 
Northeast,  Pa.,  H.  W.  Maxwell  and  G.  H. 
Bowers  have  bought  the  Democrat  and 
Earl  claims,  adjoining  the  Red  Boy  mine, 
and  the  Helenora  M.  Co.  organized  for  de- 
velopment of  the  group.  The  same  parties 
bought  the  Bryan  mine  and  the  Colorado 
&  Oregon  group,  adjoining  the  St.  An- 
thony group,  near  Alamo.  This  waa  for 
the  St.  Anthony  Co.,  in  which  they  are  in- 
terested, and  gives  a  total  of  twenty-four 
claims  between  the  Alamo  mine  and  the 
Black  Jack  and  Oregon  Monarch. 

The  Don  Juan  and  Quebec  mines,  in  the 
Greenhorn  and  Alamo  districts,  respect- 
ively, are  reported  sold  to  T.  W.  Davidson 
and  A.  B.  Browne  of  Sumpter.  The  Don 
Juan  is  equipped  with  a  10-stamp  mill  and 
concentrating  tables.  Development  con- 
sists of  a  tunnel  on  the  vein  and  a  shaft 
sunk  200  feet  below  this  tunnel.  The 
Quebec  mine  is  near  Alamo,  near  the  south 
end  of  Quebec  mountain. 

There  are  twenty  men  at  work  at  the 
Dixie  Meadows  mine,  says  H.  P.  Belknap 
of  Sumpter,  part  owner.  The  lower  level 
is  in  750  feet,  but  most  of  the  work  is  in 
the  upper  levels.     Preparations  are  being 


made  to  build  a  mill.  The  Dixie  Meadows 
mine  is  12  miles  north  of  Prairie  City  and 
is  on  a  tributary  of  the  Middle  Fork  of  the 
John  Day  river. 

J.  W.  Larkin  and  D.  R.  Evans  of  Spo- 
kane, Wash.,  principal  owners  of  the  Cou- 
gar mine,  near  Granite,  report  operations 
resuming.  The  Cougar  is  equipped  with 
a  250-ton  a  day  dry  crushing  and  cyanid- 
ing  plant. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

At  the  Greenback  mine,  on  Grave  creek, 
at  Greenback,  Superintendent  C.  W. 
Thompson  says  work  is  progresaing.  The 
machinery  for  the  100-ton  cyanide  plant 
is  in  place  and  ten  more  stamps  are  being 
added  to  the  mill,  making  a  total  of  forty 
stamps.  The  ledges  of  the  Greenback 
mine  lie  in  Browning  mountain  and 
three  drifts  have  been  cut  through  the 
hill.  The  old  mill,  with  its  ten  stamps, 
aits  on  one  side  of  the  mountain  and  the 
new  mill,  with  thirty  stamps,  ia  450  feet 
lower  and  on  the  opposite  aide  of  the 
mountain.  The  cyanide  plant  is  near  the 
30-stamp  mill.  The  new  equipment  is 
below  the  ninth  level  of  the  mine.  The 
mine  is  electric  lighted  throughout  and 
there  are  7500  feet  of  tunnels,  drifts  and 
upraises,  says  the  Ashland  Record. 

The  Golconda  quartz  mine,  near  Pro- 
volt,  under  development  by  D.  J.  Lawton 
et  si.,  has  a  double  shift  at  work,  drifting 
on  a  6-foot  vein  at  a  depth  of  200  feet. 
The  ore  carries  free  gold  and   sulphureta, 

At  the  Lucky  Cusa  mine,  near  Murphy, 
owned  by  Schrimpf  Broa.,  Superintend- 
ent W.  T.  Cope  reports  work  going  ahead. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

The  Columbus  Con.  G.  M.  Co.  has 
an  option  on  the  Mueller-Hanley  water 
right  on  False  Bottom  creek,  nesr  Lead, 
for  $5000.  It  is  intended  to  raise  the 
water  and  convey  it  down  Blacktail  gulch. 
Another  find  of  ore  has  been  made  on  the 
ground  of  the  Columbus  Con.,  north  of 
the  main  shaft.  It  is  free  milling.  The 
Columbus  is  continuing  its  westerly  cross- 
cut from  the  drift  on  the  200-foot  level. 
This  crosscut  has  paaaed  through  247  feet 
of  ore.  The  vein  pasaed  through  is  the 
Pierce  vein.  The  croascut  is  being  run 
for  the  purpose  of  cutting  the  Erin  vein, 
which  lies  west  of  the  Pierce. 

The  Echo  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  on  False- 
bottom  creek,  J- mile  above  Maitland,  have 
done  several  hundred  feet  of  tunneling. 
The  next  work  will  be  driving  a  working 
tunnel  into  the  side  of  Echo  hill.  Values 
in  gold  and  silver  are  obtained.  It  is 
intended  to  drive  the  tunnel  to  tap  the 
Blate  porphyry  contact  at  400  feet  below 
the  surface. 

PENNINGTON   COUNTY. 

Superintendent  J.  B.  Safford  of  the 
Golden  Slipper  mine,  near  Hill  City,  says 
his  company  will  build  a  cyanide  annex  to 
the  stamp  mill,  which  is  working  on  Slip- 
per ore.  Work  will  begin  on  the  plant 
this  month. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 
The  Lincoln  mine  (the  Rollins),    near 
Minersville,  was  sold  at  sheriff  's  sale  last 
week  for  $58,747  to  F.  Frour,   of  Lincoln, 
Logan  county,  111. 

IRON  COUNTY. 
It  is  reported  work  will  be  resumed  on 
the  Venus  mine,  near  the  Johnny  mine, 
at  Stateline.    The  Venus  carries  gold  ore. 

JUAB  COUNTY. 
Of  the  seventy-five  men  employed  at 
the  Mammoth  mine  of  the  Mammoth  M. 
Co.,  at  Mammoth,  sixty  were  discharged 
on  the  12th  inst.,  says  the  News,  partly 
due  to  a  disagreement  between  the  com- 
pany and  the  smelters.  The  fifteen  men 
retained  will  keep  the  mine  open. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

The  Mount  Baldy  M.,  M.  &  Water 
Power  Co.,  of  Marys  vale,  has  been  incor- 
porated, with  J.  Patten,  preaident;  R.  De 
Witt,  vice-president,  and  C.  P.  Barnson, 
secretary  and  treasurer. 

Superintendent  A.  D.  McLean  of  the 
Madsen  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating  on  Gold 
mountain,  near  Kimberley,  says  the  Trap- 
per's Pride  is  being  reopened  and  devel- 
opment work  started. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  Mono  mill  in  Dry  canyon,  near 
Bingham,  is  in  operation  again,  says  Pres- 
ident G.  A.  Land,  the  plant  having  had 
an  overhauling. 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

Manager  W.  I.  Snyder  of  the  California 
M.  Go.  mine  and  mill,  near  Park  City, 
says  the  zinc  tailings  are  to  be  concen- 
trated for  their  zinc  values.  On  the  dump 
there  are  2000  tons  of  these  tailings,  which 
will  yield  $10  per  ton.  The  concentrator 
was  started  last  week  and  will  also  treat 
some  crude  ore.  The  shaft  being  sunk  to 
the  500-foot  level  is  down  270  feet. 

The  Majestic  M.  Co.  has  incorporated 
to  operate  at  Pa"rk  City,  a  group  of  twelve 


claims  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  camp 
and  southwest  of  the  Liberty  group.  C. 
S.  Rolph,  J.  and  J-  Nelson,  F.  Aubrey,  E. 
Ryan,  M.  Ferguson,  J.  McDonald  and  J. 
Powell. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 
Manager  Bothwell  of  the  Sacramento 
mine,  at  Mercur,  says  they  are  retorting 
3000  pounds  of  ore,  deriving  450  pounds  of 
quicksilver  dally.  The  ore  also  carries 
gold.  The  ore  body  ehowa  an  average 
width  of  7  feet.  Their  gold  orea  alao 
show  the  presence  of  quicksilver. 
UTAH  COUNTY. 

The  Murray  M.  Co.  of  Salt  Lake  City 
has  been  incorporated  with  N.  Treweek, 
J.  H.  Moyle  snd  W.  H.  Irvine  ss  officers. 
The  company  owns  eight  lode  claims  in 
American  Fork  and  Snake  Creek  mining 
districts. 

WASATCH  COUNTY. 

The  Ontario-Ingersol  M.  Co.  of  Salt 
Lake  City  has  been  incorporated  to  oper- 
ate in  Blue  Ledge  mining  district,  M.  Cul- 
len  president.  T.  Jordan  and  J.  Morltz 
are  officers. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY    COUNTY. 

The  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land 
Office  at  Washington  has  affirmed  a 
decision  of  Register  Ludden  of  the  Spo- 
kane Land  Office  to  the  effect  that  the 
Republic  M.  &  I.  Co.  is  entitled  to  the 
Wake  Up  Joe,  Joe  Dandy,  Wasp,  Josie, 
Trail  and  Big  Bug  claims  at  Republic. 
When  the  company  applied  for  its  patent 
on  the  claims,  P.  McPherson  et  al.  filed  a 
protest  on  the  ground  that  the  land  was 
not  mineral  in  character,  says  the  Spokes- 
man-Review. 

The  Golden  Eagle  M.  Co  has  started  a 
shaft  on  the  Peacemaker  Fraction  claim, 
near  Republic,  with  two  compartments. 
Manager  M.  R.  Staight  intends  to  sink 
this  shaft  500  feet,  at  which  depth  it  is 
expected  to  strike  the  extension  south- 
ward of  the  Qullp  vein.  The  Golden 
Eagle  Co.  haB  two  claims,  the  Peacemaker 
Fraction  and  Eureka  Fraction,  which  ad- 
join the  Quilp  on  the  aouth. 

The  Belcher  M.  Co.  is  preparing  to  build 
a  fifty-ton  smelter  on  Lambert  creek,  near 
Republic,  for  the  treatment  of  Belcher 
and  Hawkeye  ores,  says  the  News-Miner. 
The  first  furnace  put  in  will  be  designed 
as  a  unit  of  a  250-ton  plant,  to  be  com- 
pleted later.  Belcher  ore  carries  a  high 
percentage  of  sulphur  and  the  Hawkeye 
ore  contains  sufficient  silica  to  flux  the  ore 
of  both  mines  mixed. 

W.  L.  Curry  says  he  has  resumed  work 
on  the  Crown  Point  and  Summit  group  in 
Empire  camp,  near  Republic. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

S.  E.  Barron,  president  of  the  Q  S.  M. 
Co.,  near  Conconully,  says  operations 
have  begun  on  the  Q  S.  mine  and  they 
are  driving  an  upper  tunnel,  which  Is  in 
840  feet. 

STEVENS  COUNTY. 

W.  S.  Rogers  of  Spokane  of  the  Law- 
rence M.  Co.,  says  they  are  developing  a 
group  of  iron  mines,  near  Valley,  adjoin- 
ing the  group  owned  by  the  Hill  interests. 
More  men  are  to  be  put  on. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

Work  is  again  under  way  at  the  Doane- 
Rambler  copper  mine,  near  Battle  Lake, 
says  Consulting  Engineer  R.  G.  Legg. 
Shipments  of  ore  will  be  resumed.  J.  L. 
Powell  is  superintendent.  The  mine  has 
fifty  men  at  work. 

FOREIGN. 

AUSTRALIA. 

QUEENSLAND. 

Manager  A.  Gibb  of  the  Mount  Perry 
Copper  Co.,  near  Bundaberg,  says  the 
company's  new  furnace  is  in  operation, 
with  the  result  that  50%  more  ore  than 
formerly  is  being  treated.  The  total 
quantity  of  ore  smelted  per  month  is  1100 
tons.  The  present  bottom  levels  of  the 
mines  are  showing  up  well.  It  is  proposed 
to  connect  the  George's  workings  at  the 
700-foot  levels  with  the  Kennedy  mine, 
and  thereafter  all  work  will  be  carried  on 
from  the  latter.  On  their  outlying  prop- 
erties, the  New  Moonta  and  Great  Free- 
hold mines,  work  is  progressing. 

Dredging  for  tin  in  Santhorpe  district 
during  May  and  the  first  half  of  June  was 
retarded  both  by  drouth  conditions  and 
the  difficulty  of  providing  appliances  for 
effectively  saving  the  tin,  says  the  Gov- 
ernment Journal.  There  is  at  present  an 
ample  supply  of  water,  and  in  one  case  at 
least  the  other  drawback  has  been  over- 
come. The  Border  Post  says  the  Wylie 
oreek  dredger  is  running  steadily  and 
there  ia  every  indication  the  dredger  will 
be  able  to  aave  a  good  percentage  of  the 
tin.  So  far  it  has  been  working  in  clay 
and  is  making  its  way  into  the  main  water 
course.  One  feature  of  the  dredger  is  the 
revolving  screen,   which   takes  off  all  of 


July  18,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


45 


the  large  stones,  nothing  passing  throu  h 
but  the  fine  sand,  from  which  It  Is  easy  to 
extract  the  tin  in  the  sluice  box. 

From  January  1  to  June  15  the  Mun- 
gana  M.  Co.  at  Chillagoe  has  sent  3582 
tons  of  ore  to  the  smelters,  which  was 
treated  for  a  return  of  255.9  tons  of  cop- 
per and  18,749  ounces  sliver. 

The  Great  Northern  Freehold  Tin  Co. 
at  Herberton  reports  having  struck  tin  at 
the  700-foot  level. 

WEST  AUSTRALIA. 

The  W.  A.  Journal  says,  at  Kalgoorlie 
heavy  additions  are  to  be  made  to  the 
surface  plants  of  several  of  the  Golden 
Mllo  properties.  At  tho  Golden  Horse- 
shoe a  belt  conveyor  is  being  put  in  to 
carry  the  mill  residues  on  to  one  of  the 
Golden  Treasure  blocks,  owned  by  the 
Horseshoe  Co.  The  Ivanhoe  manage- 
ment Is  spending  £40,000  in  extra  rook 
drill,  electric  light  and  hoisting  machin- 
ery, while  the  Associated  Co  ,  in  addition 
to  electric  light  and  sulphide  mill  alter- 
ations, propose  to  build  a  20-head  battery 
for  the  treatment  of  their  deposits  of  low- 
grade  ore. 

The  experimental  plant  at  the  Lake 
View  Consols  mine  at  Kalgoorlie  to  deter- 
mine the  capabilities  of  tho  Elmore  oil 
process  is  in  operation.  The  plant  In  Its 
present  form  Is  capable  of  treating  fifty 
tons  dally,  and  Is  run  by  electricity.  At 
the  1200-foot  level  the  lode  -t ruck  in  the 
crosscut  driven  west  of  the  main  drive, 
600  feet  north  of  the  shaft,  has  proved  to 
be  30  feet  In  width.  Only  the  western 
side  of  the  body  Is  payable.  The 
main  drive  has  been  turned  west- 
ward at  point  800  feet  north  of  the  shaft. 
On  the  1400-foot  level  they  have  cut  a 
lode  In  the  diagonal  crosscut  west  from 
the  main  shaft,  width  290  feet,  assay  value 
15  dwts.  per  ton,  which  is  thought  to  be 
the  Perseverance  lode. 

TASMANIA. 
A  provisional  agreement  for  the  amal- 
gamation of  the  Mount  Lyell  M.  Co.  and 
North  Mount  Lyell  M.  Co.  at  Mount  Lyell 
has  been  signed  and  a  new  company  will 
be  organized  in  London. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

The  Cariboo  Gold  Fields  Co.,  operating 
near  Barkervllle,  has  suspended  oper- 
ations.   The  Consolidated   Cariboo  Is 

making  extensive  preparations  to  sink  a 
Bhaft  on  Lightning  creek,  2  miles  below 
Stanley. 

The  Perry  Creek  M.  &  Hydraulic  Co., 
near  Fort  Steele,  are  building  a  ditch  and 
flume  3}  miles  In  length.  A  syphon  1200 
feet  In  length  has  been  built  across  a 
ravine  175  feet  deep.  The  sawmill  is  cut- 
ting 10,000  feet  of  lumber  daily.  Thirty 
men  are  at  work,   and   several  teams  are 

excavating  the  ditch.  Development 

work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Roaring 
King  group  of  claims  at  the  head  of  Perry 
creek,  with  F.  Williams  as  superinten- 
dent. 

It  is  reported  work  will  be  resumed  on 
the  Badger  and  Red  Mountain  group  of 
claims,  near  Fort  Steele.  It  is  a  free-gold 
proposition  under  bond  to  an  Eastern 
company.  A  10-stamp  mill  will  be  put  in, 
says  the  Fort  Steele  Prospector. 

The  Kootenay  Perry  Creek  M.  Co., 
near  Fort  Steele,  are  sinking  a  shaft  to 
bedrock  to  test  their  ground.  Manager 
A.  Banks  says  he  will  put  in  a  stacker 
and  washer.  Operations  with  the  steam 
dredge  have  ceased  temporarily  pending 
their  arrival. 

The  strike  at  the  Extension  coal  mines 
has  been  settled,  and  work  begun.  The 
proposal  made  by  owner,  James  Duns- 
muir.  In  answer  to  the  request  of  the  min- 
ers, was  finally  accepted,  says  the  Ross- 
land  Miner.  The  conditions  are  prac- 
tically the  same  as  those  In  force  at  the 
time  the  mine  closed.  Dunsmuir  expects 
to  have  at  least  500  men  working  by  next 
week.  Any  further  Increase  In  the  num- 
ber of  miners  will  depend  on  demand  for 
coal.  It  is  thought  the  settlement  at 
Ladysmith  will  lead  to  an  adjustment  of 
the  troubles  at  Cumberland  also.  A  Na- 
nalmo  report  says  the  decision  was 
hastened  by  the  fact  that  a  number  of 
Chinese  had  been  put  In  No.  1  mine. 

Development  work  has  been  started  on 
the  Crackshot  group  of  four  claims  on 
Macdonald  creek,  near  Ferguson,  by  the 
owners,  J.  B.  Manross  and  G.  Peterson, 
says  the  Eagle. S.  Shannon,  local  man- 
ager for  the  Black  Warrior  M.  Syndicate, 
says  work  is  again  under  way  on  their 
group  near  Ferguson.  M.  B.  Webber  of 
Winona,  Minn.,  Is  managing  director. 

At  Nanalmo  preparations  are  being 
made  to  unwater  the  Harewood  mine, 
which  has  been  closed  down  since  the  New 
Vancouver  Coal  Co.  ceased  operations 
there  last  year.  President  Howard  of  the 
Western  Fuel  Co.  says  when  the  old  com- 
pany stopped  work  faults  had  been 
reached,  which  were  near  bore  holes 
which  indicated  coal.  They  propose  to 
drive  through  the  faults  to  the  coal. 

The  Crow's  Nest  Pass  Coal  Co.  is  In- 
creasing coke  shipments  to  the  smelters 


In  the  Boundary  district,  thus  relieving 
the  fuel  situation.  A.  I.  Goodell,  manager 
of  the  Boundary  Falls  smelter,  says  he  Is 
running  two  stacks  and  will  build  a  third. 
The  Granby  smelter  Is  also  Increasing  Its 
furnaces  near  Greenwood.  The  Mother 
Lode  mine  is  working  75  m  n  at  Its  mine 
and  100  In  the  smelter;  the  Sunset  has  20 
men  In  the  mine  and  80  In  the  smelter:  In 
the  Providence  40  men  are  at  work,  15  In 
the  Elkhorn,  40  in  the  B.  C.  mine  and  12 
In  the  Oro  Denoro. 

Hydraulic  mining  Is  In  full  operation  In 
Cariboo  district,  of  which  Barkervllle  1b 
the  center,  says  the  News-Advertiser. 
The  Cariboo  Gold  Fields,  Ltd.,  Is  running 
two  shifts,  the  bucket  machinery  being  in 
operation.  Superintendent  Bailey  reports 
progress  with  the  boring  machine  at  the 
Eleven  of  England. 

Customs  returns,  says  the  News-Adver- 
tiser, are  stated  to  show  that  as  a  result 
of  the  Vancouver  Island  colliery  troubles, 
13,733  tons  of  coal,  worth  862,657,  have 
been  imported  from  Japan. 

W.  Blakmore  of  Montreal,  consulting 
engineer,  has  started  development  on  coal 
lands  of  the  British  Columbia  Coal  Co.  on 
the  north  fork  of  the  Kettle  river,  60 
miles  north  of  Grand  Forks.  As  soon  as 
he  completes  preliminary  work,  Including 
the  opening  up  of  the  5-foot  seam  on  the 
Wiseman  claim,  a  diamond  drill  plant  will 
be  set  up. 

The  No.  7  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  owning  a  group 
of  claims  near  Greenwood,  will  further 
develop  the  No.  7  mine  and  build  a  con- 
centrating plant.  The  group  includes  the 
No.  7  mine  and  five  adjoining  claims.  On 
the  No.  7  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  320  feet, 
from  which  drifts  and  crosscuts  have 
been  run.  The  ore  is  quartz,  carrying 
gold,  silver,  lead  and  zinc.  The  mine  Is 
equipped  with  a  5-drill  compressor  and 
hoist.     F.  Keffer  is  manager. 

Near  Rossland  the  Gold  HIU  mine,  ad- 
joining the  Jumbo  on  the  north,  and 
under  bond  to  J.  S.  Bedier,  Is  being  re- 
opened. 

The  Badger  and  Red  Mountain  groups 
of  claims  on  Perry  creek  near  Fort  Steele 
have  been  given  under  option  to  F.  Byron, 
of  Frank,  Alberta.  The  properties  are 
the  Badger,  Red  Mountain,  Perry  Creek 
and  Custer  mineral  claims.  There  are 
300  feet  of  tunnels  and  drifts.  The  ledge 
has  average  width  of  6  feet;  assay  returns 
of  $20  in  gold. 

CANADA. 

ONTARIO. 

Consul  M.  J.  Burke,  writing  from  St. 
Thomas,  says  the  bureau  of  mines  of  the 
Ontario  Government  gives  the  output  of 
metalliferous  mines  and  works  of  Ontario 
for  the  first  three  months  of  1903,  as  fol- 
lows: 


Product.  Quantity. 

Gold  ore  treated,  tons 9,688    . 

Gold  product,  ounces 2,692    j 

Nickel  copper  ore  raised, 

tons 52,866    . 

Ore  smelted,  tons 47,880    . 

Nickel  In  matte  product, 

tons 1,059 

Copper  in  matte  product, 

tons 

Copper  ore  raised,  tons. 
Concentrates      produced, 

tons 

Iron  ore  raised,  tons 78,789 

Ontario  ore  smelted,  tons.  7,392 
Foreign  ore  smelted,  tons.  18,349 
Pig  iron  produced,  tonB . .  14,357 

Steel  produced,  tons 1,340 

Arsenic  produced,  lbs 216,000 


780 
9,940 


236 


Value. 
f  4o]2i8 

567,211 
112,676 


10,388 
116,620 


165,656 

29,480 

6,264 

As  compared  with  the  first  three 
months  of  1902,  the  total  value  of  produc- 
tion shows  a  decrease  .from  $1,256,685  to 
81,043,513.  This  is  chiefly  accounted  for 
by  the  falling  off  in  the  output  of  pig  iron 
from  $397,838  to  $165,656,  due  to  shutting 
down  at  the  furnaces  for  repairs.  Nickel 
rose  in  quantity  from  1485  tons  to  1659 
tons,  and  in  value  from  $546,366  to  $567,- 

211. The    Canadian    Corundum     Co., 

which  has  been  treating  twenty  tons  of 
rock  daily  at  its  plant  at  Cralgmont, 
South  Renfrew,  is  preparing  to  increase 
Its  capacity  to  200  tons  daily.  They  have 
seventy-five  men  at  work.  Extensions 
are  also  proposed  at  the  Belmont  gold 
mine  In  Hastings.  The  water-power  plant 
of  1000  H.  P.  will  be  increased,  the  sorting 
plant — large  enough  for  120  stampB — will 
be  set  up  and  the  hoisting  capacity  In- 
creased. At  present  they  have  thirty 
stamps  and  the  power  is  conveyed  2£  miles 
by  means  of  compressed  air. The  im- 
portance of  the  fuel  question  has  led  the 
bureau  of  mines  to  take  a  special  interest 
in  peat,  lignite  and  other  kinds  of  fuel 
found  in  Ontario. 

GERMANY. 

Consul- General  O.  J.  Hughes,  writing 
from  Coburg,  says  it  appears  from  a  re- 
port in  the  Berg  und  Huettenmaennlsche 
Zeitung,  the  northern  boundary  of  the 
Rhenish-WeBtphalian  coal  fields  1b  being 
pushed  forward  from  year  to  year.  One 
company   proposeB   pushing  Its    derricks 


eastward  toward  Oelde.  During  the  past 
three  years  thirty  bore  holes  have  been 
sunk  outside  the  worked  area  on  both 
sides  of  the  Llppe  and  have  all  struck  the 
carbontferouB  layers,  mostly  at  consider- 
able depth.  The  deepest  bore  holes  in 
the  Llppe  region  are  near  Schermbeck 
(2999  feet),  Spellen  (3035  feet),  Huemxe 
(3077  feet),  and  Beckum  (3320  feet).  Sev- 
eral concessions  have  been  secured  In  this 
part  and  five  of  these  have  started  sinking 
shafts.  All  the  bore  holes  sunk  near  Metz 
have  proved  the  presence  of  anthracite 
coal.  The  Banay  boring  was  completed 
at  depth  of  1542  feet  in  the  coal  forma- 
tion; the  Ravllle  boring,  2369  feet  depth, 
went  deep  into  the  coal  formation;  and 
the  boring  at  Lerqulgny  went  to  2231  feet, 
the  coal  stratum  having  been  struck  at 
the  same  depth  as  In  the  others.  The 
carboniferous  stratum  dips  under  the 
younger  formations  in  the  direction  of 
France  and  confirms  a  hypothesis  that 
the  Sarbruck  coal  measures  extend  toward 
Pont-a  Mouseon.  On  the  frontier  it  occurs 
deeper  than  2297  feet  from  the  surface. 

MEXICO. 

MEXICO. 

The  Bessie  M.  Co.  has  been  organized 
to  operate  mines  at  El  Oro  and  Tlalpuja- 
hua  by  R.  HUman,  H.  Bloom,  P.  Re- 
quena,  H.  Scherer  Jr.,  J.  B.  McManus 
and  R.  H.  Drennan.  The  company  owns 
the  Bessie  claim  of  80  pertenencias  in  the 
Tlalpujahua  and  El  Oro  mineral  belt, 
being  near  Tlalpujahua.  Machinery  for 
development  work  Is  being  put  up.  They 
will  sink  a  main  shaft.  The  Bessie  ad- 
joins the  Aldibaran  and  San  Patricio 
minesa  nd  Is  near  the  Reforma. 
SONORA. 

There  are  at  least  eight  mills  and  smelt- 
ers In  course  of  erection  in  the  State  of 
Sonora,  says  the  Chihuahua  Enterprise. 
The  Sonora  Development  Co.  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo. ,  is  building  a  10-stamp  mill  in 
Moctezuma  district ;  the  Yaqui  S.  &  R. 
Co.,  composed  of  Toledo,  O.,  men,  a 
smelter  at  Toledo,  on  the  Yaqui  river  ; 
the  Zebuite,  near  Tonis,  a  40-stamp  mill ; 
the  Reina  de  Oro  M.  Co.,  at  El  Tivo,  in 
Altar  district,  has  started  its  5-ton  Hunt- 
ington mill. 

PERU. 

The  Caylloma  Bilver  mines  report  the 
May  production  at  18,250  ounces  fine  silver 
in  export  ores  and  17,000  ounces  fine  sil- 
ver in  bullion. 

RUSSIA. 

At  Riga  the  imports  of  coal,  which  were 
mainly  from  England  and  Westphalia  and 
which  two  years  ago  aggregated  33,000,000 
poods  (532,500  tons),  have  decreased  by 
193,546  tons.  By  order  of  the  Govern- 
ment, coal  is  now  derived  exclusively 
from  Russian  mines.  The  local  works 
and  factories  require  483,871  tons  of  coal 
and  8065  tons  of  coke  per  annum.  Pe- 
troleum residuals  are  expensive  in  Riga 
and  are  only  used  experimentally  on 
some  locomotives  on  local  lineB.  Wood 
fuel  is  also  unable  to  compete  with 
coal,  but  is  used  on  the  small  branch 
lines.  Peat,  although  its  deposits  cover 
hundreds  of  6quare  miles  near  Riga, 
finds  no  application  whatever  because  of 
its  being  comparatively  expensive  and  in- 
convenient to  handle,  says  O.  J.  Hughes, 
Consul-General  at  Coburg,  Germany. 

SPAIN. 

The  Pena  Copper  Mines,  Ltd.,  operat- 
ing at  Pena  near  Huelva,  in  Andalusia 
province,  report  output  of  ore  during 
May  at  15,844  tons;  shipments  of  ore,  14,- 
788  tons;  precipitate  containing  61  tons  of 
fine  coppor  was  produced.  Their  annual 
report  shows  92,057  tons  of  ore  Bhipped 
during  1902,  made  up  of  cupriferous  ore, 
19,927  tons;  washed  ore,  62,982  tons;  and 
crude  sulphur  ore,  9148  tons.  The  chief 
exports  of  ore  in  the  future  will  consist  of 
washed  ore  and  also  some  crude  sulphur 
ore. 


|  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

The  Risdon  Iron  Works  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  report  they  are  preparing  for 
shipment  to  Nevada  Co.,  Cal.,  a  20  stamp 
gravel  mill  and  accessories  for  the  Blue 
Tent  G.  M.  Co. 

The  Ohmen  Engine  Works  of  San 
Francisco,  t'al.,  have  issued  an  illustrated 
circular  of  their  vertical,  high-speed,  self- 
contained,  center-crank  engine.  The  illus- 
trations show  the  open  frame  type,  direct 
connected  to  electric  generators. 

The  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.  of  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  have  shipped  a  Dimmick  classi- 
fier and  Wilfley  tables  to  the  El  Cubo  M. 
&  M.  Co.,  Guanajuato,  Mexico.  They  re- 
ceived an  order  for  two  50.0  H.  P.  De 
Remer  water  wheels  and  pipe  line  for  the 
Rock  Creek   Power  Co.,  Baker  City,  Or., 


and  a  10-stamp  concentrating  mill  for  the 
Alamo  Con.  M.  Co.  of  Spokane,  Wash., 
the  mill  to  be  erected  at  Alamo,  Or. 


!        PERSONAL.        I 

*  * 

F.  S.  Harris  Is  examining  mines  in  So- 
nora, Mexico. 

Emerson  Gee  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  Is 
in  Denver,  Colo. 

R.  Cole  is  superintendent  of  the  Straw- 
berry mine,  near  Bromide,  N.  M. 

W.  A.  Bateman,  of  Michigan,  Is  exam- 
ining mines  near  BIsbee,  Arizona. 

R.  W.  HOLLIS  has  returned  to  Silver- 
ton,  Colo.,  from  a  business  trip  to  Denver, 
Colo. 

C.  Newman,  of  Durango,  Colo.,  has  re- 
turned from  a  business  trip  to  Denver, 
Colo. 

S.  B.  Swink  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Gold  Medal  mine,  near  Idaho  Springs, 
Colo. 

J.  H.  Kinkead,  of  Virginia  City,  Nev., 
is  In  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

E.  S.  Kelley,  Interested  In  mines  near 
Tonopah,  Nev.,  Is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
on  business. 

J.  W.  Adams  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  is 
at  Durango,  Colo.,  looking  after  his  min- 
ing interests. 

A.  Helsey,  of  South  Carolina,  is  man- 
ager of  the  Kentucky  Ridge  mine,  near 
Grass  Valley,  Cal. 

G.  E.  Gavin  returned  to  Boise,  Idaho, 
last  week  from  examining  mining  interests 
in  Elko  county,  Nev. 

E.  Godbe,  metallurgist,  returned  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week  from  Mo- 
jave,  Kern  county,  Cal. 

J.  T.  Terry,  superintendent  Sunny- 
side  mines,  Eureka,  Colo.,  has  returned 
there  from  Denver,  Colo. 

R.  F.  Turnbull  is  superintendent  of 
the  mines  of  the  Gold  Reef  M.  Co.  at  Gilt 
Edge,  Fergus  county,  Mont. 

L.  H.  Carver,  E.  M.,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  gone  to  Sierra  and  Plumas  coun- 
ties, Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

A.  D.  McDonald  Is  superintendent  of 
the  Madsen  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating  near 
Kimberly,  Piute  county,  Utah. 

W.J.  Nelson,  interested  in  mines  near 
San  Andreas,  Calaveras  county,  Cal.,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  business. 

J.  H.  Ward  of  Bristol,  Conn.,  is  in 
Durango,  Colo.,  looking  after  his  mining 
Interests  in  the  Oro  Fino  district. 

W.  A.  Wheeland  of  Kansas  City, 
Mo,  is  spending  some  time  in  Colorado 
looking  after  his  mining  Interests. 

D.  Buckles  is  acting  superintendent  of 
the  Mary  McKinney  M.  Co.  at  Cripple 
Creek,  Colo.,  vice  G.  Keener,  resigned. 

JNO.  W.  Nesmith,  president  of  the 
Colorado  Iron  Works  Co.,  has  returned  to 
Denver,  Colo.,  from  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  L.  Powell,  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  is  superintendent  of  the  Doane- 
Rambler  mine,  near  Battle  Lake,  Wyo. 

P.  M.  Collins  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  Portland  mill  of  the  Port- 
land G.  M.  Co.,  near  Cripple  Creek,  Colo. 

H.  Z.  Osborne  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is 
at  the  Dorleska  mine,  in  Trinity  county, 
Cal.,  of  which  he  is  president  and  man- 
ager. 

E.  H.  Lunken,  president  of  the  Lun- 
kenhelmer  Co.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  has  re- 
turned to  Denver,  Colo.,  from  Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 

F.  E.  Wilson,  of  the  Friday  mines  and 
mill,  near  Baker  City,  Or.,  has  returned 
from  a  business  trip  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah. 

Wm.  Sharwood,  part  owner  of  the 
Soulsby  mine  at  Souls  by  ville,  Tuolumne 
county,  Cal.,  has  returned  from  a  business 
trip  East. 

F.  Zeitler  of  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  Is 
president  and  superintendent  of  the  Zell- 
brlght  M.  Co.,  operating  near  Grass 
Valley,  Cal. 

E.  H.  Lunken  of  Denver,  Colo.,  haB 
returned  there  from  La  Plata  City,  Colo., 
where  he  was  inspecting  his  mining  in- 
terests. 

V.  B.  Sherrod,  who  has  been  examin- 
ing the  Bolanitos  mine  at  Guanajuato, 
Mex.,  returned  to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
last  week. 

Manager  A  Banks  of  the  Kootenay- 
Perry  Creek  M.  Co.  has  returned  to  Fort 


46 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


July  18, 1903. 


Steele,  B.  C,  from  a  business  trip  to  Mon- 
treal, Quebec. 

ROSS  E.  BROWNE,  E.  M.,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  has  been  appointed  a  trustee 
of  the  California  State  Mining  Bureau. 

S.  W.  Traylok,  New  York  representa- 
tive of  the  Colorado  Iron  Works  Co.,  has 
returned  there  from  a  visit  to  Nevada 
and  California. 

G.  R.  Lehman  has  resigned  as  smelter 
superintendent  of  the  Fernando  M  Co., 
at  San  Fernando,  Durango,  Mexico,  and  is 
in  Berkeley,  Cal. 

R.  G.  Legg,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
has  gone  to  Wyoming  as  consulting  engi- 
neer for  the  Doane-Rambler  mine,  near 
Battle  Lake,  Wyo. 

W.  H.  Taylor  is  manager  of  the  Re- 
public Con.  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  of  Boston, 
Mass.,  operating  near  Dumont,  Colo.,  vice 

F.  H.  Collins,  resigned. 

F.  H.  Collins  has  resigned  as  treas- 
urer and  manager  of  the  Republic  Con. 

G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  of   Boston,  Mass.,  operat- 
ing near  Dumont,  Colo. 

C.  D.  Hooper,  former  mill  superintend- 
ent of  the  Liberty  Bell  at  Pandora,  Colo., 
is  superintendent  of  the  Group  mill  near 
Rico,  Dolores  Co. ,  Colo. 

B.  F.  Graham,  of  Bisbee,  Ariz  ,  presi- 
dent of  the  Lucky  Tiger  Co.  and  of  the 
Bisbee  Queen  Dev.  Co.,  is  in  Kansas  City, 
Mo.,  on  mining  business. 

W.  G.  Scott,  formerly  superintendent 
Queen  Bess  mine,  near  Sandon,  B.  C,  is 
now  superintendent  of  the  Continental- 
Alta  mines,  Alta,  Utah. 

S.  E.  Phelps,  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  the  Gold  Coin  M.  Co ,  returned  to 
Grand  Encampment,  Wyo,,  last  week, 
from  Idaho  City,  Idaho. 

W.  Weston,  M.  E.,  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is 
in  Grand  county,  Colo.,  looking  after  the 
mining  interests  of  the  Denver,  North- 
western &  Pacific  Railway. 

S.  E.  Barron,  president  of  the  Q  S.  G. 
M.  &  S.  Co.,  returned  to  Conconully, 
Okanogan  county,  Wash.,  last  week  from 
a  business  trip  to  Chicago,  111. 

A.  A.  Ross,  superintendent  of  the 
Southern  Nevada  mine  at  Searchlight, 
Lincoln  county,  Nev.,  returned  last  week 
from  a  visit  to  Placeritas,  Ariz. 

L.  G.  Eakins,  superintendent  of  the 
Philadelphia  plant  of  the  American  S.  & 
R.  Co.,  has  been  promoted  to  be  assistant 
general  manager,  with  headquarters  in 
Denver,  Colo. 

T.  A.  MOSMAN,  who  has  been  superin- 
tendent of  the  Eilers  plant  of  the  Amer- 
ican S.  &  R.  Co.,  has  been  changed  to 
their  plant  at  Leadville,  Colo,  and  G.  A. 
Marsh  is  superintendent  of  the  Eilers 
plant. 

H.  H.  Nicholson  of  Denver,  Colo.,  has 
gone  to  Breckenridge,  Summit  county, 
Colo.,  to  inspect  working  of  placer  oper- 
ations there.  From  there  he  goes  to  the 
gold  districts  of  Oregon  in  the  interest  of 
Eastern  investors. 

W.  F.  Pope  of  East  Machias,  Me.,  was 
in  Silverton,  Colo.,  last  week,  accompanied 
by  F.  Giflord,  F.  J.  Robinson,  A.  Smith, 
G.  Pierce,  G.  Boynton,  W.  S.  Brown,  E. 
Bunker,  J.  W.  Dorian,  F.  Johnson,  E. 
Bruster,  C.  C.  Chalfant,  J.  F.  Shafer, 
also  of  Maine,  and  J.  J.  Muenger  of  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.,  who  are  interested  in  mining 
in  the  San  Juan. 


|  Obituary.  f 

C.  Bogan,  a  pioneer  miner  of  Colorado 
and  California,  died  July  8  at  San  Rafael, 
Cal.  Deceased  was  a  native  of  County 
Tyrone,  Ireland,  and  74  years  of  age.  He 
is  survived  by  a  wife  and  daughter. 

A.  F.  Stockman,  a  student  from  the 
Minnesota  State  University  mining  school, 
was  killed  in  a  cave-in  on  the  370-foot  level 
below  tunnel  No.  3  of  the  Bully  Hill  C.  M. 
&  S.  Co.,  Shasta  Co.,  Cal.,  July  7th.  De- 
ceased was  22  years  of  age. 

M.  L.  Dawson  of  Lynchburg,  Va.,  as- 
sistant superintendent  of  the  Minas  Prietas 
mines  in  Sonora,  Mexico,  was  murdered 
by  Mexicans  while  on  a  prospecting  trip 
near  Acampo,  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  about 
July  1.  Robbery  was  the  motive.  Two 
of  the  three  Mexicans  have  been  captured. 

Dana  Harmon,  mining  engineer  and 
author,  died  at  his  home  in  Oakland,  Cal , 
July  9,  from  heart  failure,  after  an  illness 
of  but  a  few  hours.  Mr.  Harmon  was 
born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  1849,  and  went 
to  California  in  1854.  After  completing 
his  education  in  an  Eastern  college  he  re- 
turned to  California  and  engaged  in  min- 
ing, and  made  a  success  of  his  chosen  pro- 
fession.    He  was  a  keen  judge  of  a  mine 


and  an  equally  good  judge  of  men.  He 
was  a  close  observer  of  all  that  passed  be- 
fore him,  and  in  his  practical  work  as  a 
miner  and  mine  manager  he  was  always  a 
student,  and  he  turned  to  useful  account 
the  knowledge  gained  by  his  personal 
experience.  He  was  an  experimenter  and 
an  investigator,  and  while  no  department 
of  mining  waa  strange  or  unfamiliar  to 
him,  he  gave  particular  attention  to  the 
milling  of  gold  ores,  and  he  has  left  be- 
hind him  as  an  evidence  of  his  genius  and 
his  thoroughly  practical  methods,  his 
splendid  contributions  to  metallurgical 
science,  the  "  Stamp  Milling  and  Amalga- 
mation of  Free  Gold  Ores."  He  had  a 
wide  circle  of  acquaintance  within  and 
without  the  mining  world,  and  his  loss 
will  be  severely  felt  by  all  who  knew  him. 
Mr.  Harmon  leaves  a  widow  and  four 
children. 


Our  Middle  West  Business  Manager. 

On  the  15th  inst.  Mr.  Lester  A.  Greene 
assumed  charge  of  the  business  interests 
of  this  journal  as  special  Middle  West  rep- 
resentative, with  offices  at  1115  Monad- 
nock  Building,  Chicago,  111  Mr.  Greene's 
business  acquaintance  and  personality 
commend  him  favorably  to  present  and 
prospective  patrons. 


New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  inventors : 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  JULY  7,  1903. 

732,915.— Transmitter  Guard— S.  J.  Ballard,  Los 

Angeles.  Cal. 
732,818.— Motor  —  W.  Ballerstedt,  Los  Angeles, 

732,916.— Wood  Cutting   Machine— A.  A.  Bart- 

lett,  Eureka,  Cal. 
732,825  — Truck— E.  J.  Bryan,  Riverside  Cal 
733,001. -Shoe  pastening-G.  Bryant,  S.  F. 
733,138 —I  ipe  Wrench  — F.  D.  Bullard,  Los  An- 

eeles,  Cal. 
733,007.  —  Log  Hauling    Attachment  —  S.    H. 

Chase,  San  Jose,  Cal. 
733,009  —Windmill— J.  Coates,  Hemet.  Cal. 
732,831.— Distilling  Apparatus— J.  M.  Coffman, 

Montalvo,  Cal. 
732,736 —Chair— A.  Gruenwald,  Palem,  Or. 
733.193—  Speed  Mechanism— R.  B.  Haln,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 
733,198.— Pneumatic  Tire— R.  A.  Harris,  Tuoson, 

Ariz. 
733,323.— Screen— E.  Hlpolito,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
733,041.— Door  Hanger-G.  W.  Holly,  Palo  Alto, 

cal. 
733,208.— Gate  Latch— J    J.  Hynding,  Ferndale, 

732,863.— Blackboard— F.  D.  Jones,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

733.324.— Mattress  Stuffer— A.  R.  Kezer,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

733.238.— Elevator— D.  R  Macpherson,  S  F. 

733,239  —Tackle  Block— T.  E.  Maddux,  Goldbar, 
Wash. 

733,060.— Walnut  Huller-G  F.  Malers,  Goleta, 
Cal. 

733,065  —Pipe  Joint— J.  C.  Martin,  Jr  ,  S.  F. 

733,074.— Stamp  Affixer  —  W.  E.  Newton,  Oak- 
land, Cal. 

733,261.— Keyboard— G  L.  Noe,  Wieland,  Nev. 

733,082.— ABRADING  Compound— K.  Sakural,  S.  F. 

733,292  —Camera— W.  R  Smith,  Napa,  Cal 

733,301  —Amalgamator— J.  W.  Swearlngton,  Gas- 
ton, Cal. 

733.097.— Electromagnet— I.  G.  Waterman,  Santa 
Barbara,  Cal. 

733,?05  —Electromagnet— I.  G.  Waterman,  Santa 
Barbara,  Cal. 


Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  tr.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Compound  for  Abrading  Tools.— No.  733,082. 
July  7,  1903.  Keizo  Sakurai,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
This  invention  relates  to  the  production  of  an 
artificial  compound  for  use  as  a  substitute  for 
emery,  carborundum  and  the  like  in  the  manu- 
facture of  grinding  wheels  and  other  abrading  or 
polishing  toots.  Its  object  is  to  provide  an  abra- 
sive compound  possessing  the  following  qualities: 
One  which  will  possess  great  hardness  and  dura- 
bility and  which  will  not  suffer  deterioration 
through  the  generation  of  heat  by  friction,  which 
will  be  homogeneous  throughout  and  will  not  be- 
come worn  unevenly,  which  will  have  an  enhanced 
cutting  power  and  which  will  not  be  llab  e  to 
glaze  or  to  have  the  pores  clogged  by  the  dust 
from  the  article  being  operated  upon. 

Log  or  Lumber  Hauling  Attachment.— No. 
733,007.  July  7,  1903  Stephen  H.  Chase,  San  Jose, 
Cal.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a 
mechanism  which  is  driven  from  a  shaft  moving 
continuously  in  one  direction,  and  which  mechan- 
ism is  reversible  in  all  its  parts  bv  the  use  of 
belts  and  binder  pulleys  with  automatically  act- 
ing weights  and  levers  and  connections  by  which 
either  of  them  may  be  thrown  into  or  out  of  action, 
and  is  designed  to  provide  an  apparatus  by  which 
the  hau  ing  cable  is  operated  to  transport  the 
load,  and  a  return  cable,  which  Is  oonnected  with 
the  main  hauling  cable,  can  be  actuated  to  draw 
the  main  cable  back  to  the  collecting  point  after 
the  load  has  been  discharged,  both  operations  and 
reversely  the  whole  apparat  s  being  effected  by 
means  of  weighted  binder  pulleys,  levers  and 
connections  by  wbioh  the  piwer  derived  from  a 
shaft  running  continuously  in  one  direction  may 
be  properly  reversed. 

Stamp  Affixing  Machine.— No.  733,074.  July 
7, 1903.  Willis  Earl  Newton,  Oakland,  Cal.  This 
invention  relates  to  improvements  in  devices  for 
automatically  affixing  stamps  upon  envelopes 
and  of  pasting  labels  upon  packages,  boxes  and 
the  like.  Its  objeot  Is  to  provide  a  simple,  light, 
durable  and  efiioient  machine  In  which  the  stamps 
are  drawn  successively  into  a  chamber  beneath  a 
vertically  reciprooatlng  plunger  adapted  to  sever 
the  stamps  and  affix  the  latter  upon  the  previ- 
ously wetted  surface  of  the  envelope. 


Latest    flarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  July  17, 1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
24 Jd  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver.  53|c,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  53|c;  Mexican  dollars,  41c 
San  Francisco,  42Jc  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
813.62J;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  S13.62J@13  75; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.62J@13  75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.25@13  37J;  San 
Francisco:  114.00.  Mill  copper  plates, 
$17.00;  bars,  18@24c.  London:  £57  5s 
spot  per  ton. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.12|;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $1.60,  carload  lots  ;  4}c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  5 J,  sheet  6,  bar  6Jc;  pig,  $4.76. 
London:  £11  8s  9d  per  long  ton=2.75c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  86.12J;  St. 
Louis,  $4.85 ;  London,  £20  15s  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6}c;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
9|c;  Hallett's,  8ic;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  10c ;  300  to  600  lbs.,  lie;  100-lb. 
lots.  13@16c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $26.90@27.15; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  29jc:  600  lbs.,  30c; 
200  fts.,  30Jc;  less,  31c;  bar  tin,  $  ft,  32Jc 
@35c.    London,  £123  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  $  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44.50® 
46.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  $  flask  of  76}  fts.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.60. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6}c;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  Vork,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots, 
19Jc;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  16c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  60@60c  $  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $19.50 
@19.85;  gray  forge,  $18  60;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  $  ft.,  31c  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$29  50@30.50;  open  hearth  billets,  $31.60; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT   QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $20.60@21.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 20.00@21.00 

Northern  2 19.50@20.50 

Northern  3 19.00@20.00 

Southern  1 18.85® 

Southern  2 18. 35® 

Southern  3 17.85® 

Forge 17.35® 

Charcoal 23.00@24.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 31.50@32.00 

Bars,  Iron 1.70® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Rails,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

Sheets,  26store 2.90®  3.00 

No.  27 3.00®  3.10 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1.75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 16.00@16. 50 

Relaying  rails 30.00031.00 

Dealers  forge 13.60@14.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 15.50@16.50 

No.  least,  net  ton 15.00@16.00 

Iron  rails 20.50@21.00 

Car  wheels 20.00@21.00 

Cast  borings 5.50®  6  50 

Turnings 12.00@13  00 

LUMBER.— (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
$20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.26 
@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
tor  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.50;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germania,  S2.60  @  2. 75; 
Hewmoor,  $2.90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2.50@2.76  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  15te;  less  than  one  ton,  174c.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
151c.  No.  1**  60%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13  jc.    No.  2,  40%,  carload 


lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
36%,  carload  lots,  9}c;  less  than  one  ton 
ll}c.  No.  2»*  30%  carload  lots,  8c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.60  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  In  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s., 
10}c  $  set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  9|o. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  24®25c  $ft.:  carloads, 
23@24}c;  in  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  18  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  24@2|c  % 
ft. ;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3  Jc  *#  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.50  Tft  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c<B  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2® 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2®  3c ;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2}c; 
sulphide  of  iron,  9c  $  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
6@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2  50@2.75; 
sulphuric  acid,  In  carboys,  66%  B,  2£c 
$&.:  nitric   acid,  in  carboys,  8c  ft  lb. 

OILS.— Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  48c;  cs., 
53c ;  raw,  bbl.,  46c ;  cs.,  51c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cs,  47c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20}c; 
Astral,  20Jc;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24Jc; 
Eocene,  23}c;  Elaine,  26}c;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14}c;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26}c;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23}c;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27}c;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  in  cs.,  22}  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  50@55c. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft.,. 
6c;  less  than  600  fts.,  per  ft.,  6}c;  In  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  Jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  6 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6}e. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  bags,  8 
®9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft.  No.  1,  4®5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,   7®9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,  per  ft.,  $1.60. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  $  ft., 
76c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate.  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  $  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  Bis.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  %  ft.,  $3.60. 

ZINC. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.60; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .50 
Brymbo,  $7.60;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $12 ;  Cannel, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks ;  Sunnyside,  $8. 50, 
long  ton. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


CAPABLE  ENGINEER  OP  GOOD  STANDING 
and  experience  would  like  to  purchase  an  in- 
terest in  an  established  engineering  business — 
mining  or  civil.  Only  a  business  capable  of  ex- 
pansion and  doing  high  grade  work  is  desired. 
Address  "Experience,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 


WANTED— MILL    TAILINGS, 

Gold,  silver  or  lead,  in  New  Mexico,  Arizona  or 
old  Mexico.  Will  buy  or  lease.  Give  location, 
quantity  and  value.  A.  E.  VAN  VELSAN,  Tellu- 
ride,  Colorado.    Box  181. 

MINING  STOCKS  WANTED. 

If  you  are  a  stockholder  In  any  good  going  min- 
ing company  and  want  to  sell  your  shares 

\A/E  CAIN  GET  YOU  CASH. 

Send  for  our  price  list  of  500  stocks.    It  tells 
what  we  will  buy  and  what  we  will  sell. 

CATLIN  &  POWELL,  M9a?cSSI' 


Whole  No.  2244.- 


VOLUME  LXXXV1I. 
"  Nnmb«r  4. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY.  JULY  25,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 

Single  Copies,  Tea  Oenta. 


A  Novel  Head  Frame. 

There  are  always  new  departures  in  the  construc- 
tion of  head  frames,  many  types  of  which  have  been 
described  and  illustrated  in  the  past  in  the  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press.  The  accompanying  illustra- 
tion is  that  of  a  new  frame  constructed  by  the  Cripple 
Creek  Enterprise  G.  M.  Co.  of  Cripple  Creek,  Colo. 
The  frame  is  60  feet  high,  the  main  timbers  being  12x12 
inches.  It  is  very  simple  in  construction,  being  of 
the  four-post  rectangular  type,  with  the  usual  back 
braces.  In  this  frame  side  braces  have  also  been 
placed,  owing  probably  to  the  rather  narrow  width 
of  the  frame,  and  to  the  further  fact  that  the  entire 
frame  is  constructed  on  a  foundation  of  posts  and 
sills  and  does  not  set  on  the  solid  rock,  due  to  lack  of 
dumping  facilities.  It  will  also  be  noticed  that  but 
one  sheave  has  been  provided,  the  evident  intention 
being  to  hoist  through  a  single  compartment  only. 
The  frame  is  made  more  rigid  by  cross  tie  rods, 
which  pass  through  the  timbers,  and  are  provided 
with  washers  and  nuts  on  either  end.  The  bucket  is 
handled  with  a  trip  rope  made  fast  to  a  heavy  cross 
tie  at  the  rear  of  the  shaft. 

This  method  of  handling  rock  through  vertical 
•  shafts  is  very  commonly  practiced  in  Colorado,  as 
well  as  elsewhere.  It  is  customary  to  arrange  some 
sort  of  door  or  apron  over  the  shaft  to  prevent  rocks 
falling  back  into  the  shaft  when  dumping  the  bucket. 
Doors  so  arranged  are  easily  handled  by  the  topman, 
by  means  of  rope  and  counterbalance,  which  assists 
in  equalizing  the  weight  of  the  door. 

There  are  numerous  bodies  of  ore  known  to  exist 
under  the  streets  of  Cripple  Creek,  but  no  one  has 
been  permitted  to  mine  under  these  thoroughfares 
without  first  making  a  satisfactory  arrangement 
with  the  city  authorities.     This  company  has  a  lease 


New  Head  Frame  Enterprise  Mining  Co.,  Cripple  Creek,  Colo. 


from  the  city  of  Cripple  Creek  to  mine 
under  the  city  by  paying  the  city  certain 
royalties.  They  have  their  shaft  down 
210  feet  and  will  sink  300  feet  farther, 
and  are  now  crosscutting  at  the  200 
level.    They  have  two  veins  that   run 


from  $138  to  $765  per  ton.  One  of  the  veins  is  18 
inches  wide  and  the  other  3  feet  wide.  They  have 
recently  installed  an  8-drill  compressor,  and  it  is  the 
intention  to  put  in  a  125  H.  P.  boiler. 

C.  E.  Miesse  is  treasurer,  D.  Hanley  is  president, 
and  Ii.  H.  Allan  of  Cripple  Creek,  Colo,  secretary. 


Terminal  of  Railroad  at  Ojito,  Mexico. 


km 

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BuSRffiloSCIENTIFlCPRESsS 

Ruins  of  the  Old  English  Mint  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Mexico. 


Street  Scene  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Mexico. 
(See  Page  51.) 


Forest  on  Crest  of  Continental  Divide,  Chihuahua,  Mexico. 


48 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Punished  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 
TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     TT1 . 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

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All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union •  5  00 


Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Posloffice  as  tecond-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  Offices: 
New  York  City,  720  Park  Row  Bldg.        Bostos ,  il  Worcester  Square. 
Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block.  Denver.  606  Mack  Block. 


J.  P.  HALLOEaK 


Publisher 


San  Francisco,  July  25,  J  903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 


illustrations: 


Page. 


New  Head  Frame  Enterprise  Mining  Co.,  Cripple  C^eek,  Colo. .  .47 

Terminal  of  Railroad  at  Ojito,  Mexico 47 

Ruins  of  the  Old  English  Mint  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Mexico.. 47 

Street  Soene  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Mexico 47 

Forest  on  Crest  of  Continental  Divide,  Chihuahua,  Mexico 47 

Mining  Scenes  in  Mexico 51 

Heavy  Mortar  on  Steel  Wagon  for  Transportation  in  Peru,  S  A.52 

Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales 58-54 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 55 

editorial: 

A  Novel  Head  Frame 47 

Wet  vs.  Dry  Crushing 48 

The  American  Mining  Congress. 48 

Making-  Records  in  Mine  Work J  8 

Prospects  in  the  Yukon  Basin 48 

A  Special  Session  of  the  Colorado  Leglsl  ature 48 

Probable  Extension  of  the  Rand  Banket 48 

"Mining  and  Scientific  Press"  Headquarters 48 

mining  summary 56-57-58-59 

latest  market  reports  60 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 49 

Igneous  Rocks:  How  to  Identify  Them 50 

Precipitation  of  Gold  From  Cyanide  Solutions 50 

From  Parral  to  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Chihuahu*,  Mexico 51 

California  at  the  St.  Louis  Exposition .'...52 

Velocity  of  Objeots  Floating  in  Water 52 

Transportation  In  Peru 52 

Use  of  Alkalies  in  the  Cyanide  Prooess 52 

Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales 53 

Values  in  Sluice  Concentrates 54 

Leaching  Siliceous  Copper  Ores  With  Acids  as  Solvents 54 

Cost  of  Mining. and  Reducing  Ores,  New  York  &  Nevada  Copper 

Co.,  Ely,  Nev 54 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 55 

Personal 59 

Commercial  Paragraphs 59 

Obituary 59 

New  Patents 60 

Notices  of  Reoent  Patents 60 


Wet  vs.  Dry  Crushing. 

Dry  crushing  is  being  tried  in  Rhodesia,  South 
Africa,  in  the  treatment  of  gold  ores  by  cyaniding. 
This  method  of  treating  the  average  quartz  ore,  it 
would  seem,  had  had  a  sufficient  trial  to  demonstrate 
that  the  process  is  not  all  that  could  be  desired,  and 
in  the  case  of  New  Zealand,  after  a  trial  lasting  sev- 
eral years,  it  has  been  found  that  wet  crushing  pro- 
duced better  results,  and  that  a  higher  saving  was 
possible  by  wet  than  by  the  dry  crushing  method, 
with  no  materially  increased  cost  for  the  former 
method.  In  the  past  dry  crushing  mills,  which  have 
been  used  in  some  localities  in  the  United  States 
where  preliminary  roasting  was  necessary,  have 
been  found  very  detrimental  to  the  health  of 
the  workmen,  but  the  recent  introduction  of  exhaust 
fans,  which  take  the  dust  from  the  batteries  as  fast 
as  created,  has  largely  reduced  this  objection  to  a 
minimum.  Where  a  wet  process  is  to  be  employed  in 
the  subsequent  treatment  of  the  ore,  it  has  not  been 
demonstrated  that  dry  crushing  is  advisable.  It  is 
true  that  prior  to  the  successful  treatment  of  slimes 
after  wet  crushing,  that  dry  crushing  was  superior 
to  wet  on  ores  containing  a  low  percentage  of  sul- 
phides and  no  coarse  gold  ;  but  since  slimes  can  now 
in  most  instances  be  successfully  treated,  dry  crush- 
ing is  practically  a  process  of  the  past. 

The  American  /lining  Congress. 

The  sixth  annual  session  of  the  American  Mining 
Congress  is  to  be  held  at  the  cities  of  Deadwood  and 
Lead,  South  Dakota,  Sept.  7th  to  12th,  inclusive. 
During  the  meeting  addresses  will  be  made,  technical 
papers  read  and  excursions  taken  to  the  various 
points  of  interest  in  the  Black  Hills.  These  trips 
can  be  taken  without  hardship  or  inconvenience,  as 
railroads  run  to  or  near  all  of  the  larger  mining, 
milling  and  smelting  plants,  as  well  as  to  the  various 
points  of  scenic  or  geological  interest;  of  which  there 
are  many.  Visitors,  it  is  stated,  will  be  permitted 
to  see  the  underground  workings  of  the  Homestake 
mines — a  privilege  that  has  been  denied  for  many 
years. 


riaking  Records  in  nine  Work. 

Rapid  work  in  excavating  and  securing  mine  open- 
ings by  means  of  timbers  or  otherwise,  where  time  is 
the  basis  of  comparison,  is  only  accomplished  under 
favorable  conditions.  Work  which  is  actually  not 
quickly  done  when  measured  by  the  number  of  days 
required  to  accomplish  it,  may  be  considered  so,  how- 
ever, when  comparison  is  made  with  similar  work 
elsewhere.  Favorable  conditions  comprise  rock  not 
too  hard,  no  trouble  from  water,  or  other  extraneous 
causes,  efficient  and  diligent  workmen,  good  tools 
and  competent  supervision,  and  there  is  much  in  the 
last  factor.  Competent  workmen  are  not  always 
diligent,  nor  can  good  workmen  do  good  work  with 
poor  or  insufficient  tools.  The  statement  that  a  cer- 
tain shaft  was  sunk  a  given  number  of  feet  in  a  cer- 
tain number  of  days  does  not  indicate  that  the  work 
was  accomplished  more  quickly  than  it  should  have 
been,  nor  does  the  statement  that  an  average  of  but 
6  inches  per  day  was  made  in  a  certain  drift,  signify 
that  the  ground  was  unusually  hard,  or  that  there 
was  some  other  feature  about  the  work  which  seri- 
ously retarded  the  work.  The  fact  that  a  given  time, 
be  it  long  or  short,  was  required  for  the  accomplish- 
ment of  certain  work,  however,  suggests  that  the 
conditions  under  which  it  was  accomplished  were 
either  unusually  favorable  or  particularly  onerous. 
Under  any  circumstances,  work  is  accomplished 
the  most  quickly  under  efficient  superintendence, 
with  the  most  capable  workmen.  The  personal  equa- 
tion is  a  very  large  one,  and  when  it  is  accentuated 
by  reason  of  inferior  and  inexperienced  workmen 
taking  the  places  of  those  who  are  competent,  the 
best  work  cannot  be  performed  in  the  shortest  given 
time.  Some  excellent  work  has  been  accomplished 
under  the  premium  system,  which  is  one  of  the  best 
and  fairest  ever  introduced  in  a  mine.  When  the 
wage  rate  is  fixed  at  a  good  and  reasonable  figure, 
and  the  task  is  set  at  a  mark  within  the  possibility 
of  accomplishment  by  the  exercise  of  reasonable  in- 
dustry, the  offer  of  a  premium  for  the  accomplish- 
ment of  additional  work  usually  acts  as  a  stimulant 
to  all  concerned  in  the  task.  Moreover,  under  such 
a  system  there  can  be  no  laggards.  All  must  work 
faithfully  for  the  good  of  all.  If  one  man  in  the  crew 
is  incompetent  or  attempts  to  "soldier"  on  the 
others  he  is  quickly  called  to  task,  and  he  must  either 
"  keep  up  his  end  "  or  quit  the  job  to  give  place  to 
another  who  is  able  and  willing  to  do  his  honest  share 
of  the  toil.  In  this  manner  the  best  results  are  ob- 
tainable as  to  speed,  but  this  system  of  working  also 
requires  the  most  careful  supervision,  for  the  rea- 
son that  the  workmen  in  their  desire  to  earn  the 
premium  are  sometimes  inclined  to  slight  what  may 
seem  to  them  small  details,  and  a  shaft  or  drift  un- 
der such  circumstances  is  more  than  likely  to  get  out 
of  alignment,  and  the  object  of  the  premium  system 
thereby  defeated  in  tne  end. 


Prospects  in  the  Yukon  Basin. 

Recent  advices  from  the  Northwest  country, 
Alaska  and  the  Yukon  Basin,  are  to  the  effect  that 
some  of  the  much-talked-of  new  placer  districts  are 
too  poor  to  pay  by  ordinary  mining  methods,  and  it 
is  doubtful  in  some  cases  whether  they  can  be  worked 
at  a  profit  by  any  known  method.  The  notoriety  which 
some  of  these  districts,  both  old  and  new,  have  gained 
appears  to  be  due  to  the  stories  told  by  certain  well 
known  prospectors  who  have  a  reputation  for  finding 
rich  diggings.  A  word  from  one  of  these  men  con- 
cerning a  new  district,  particularly  if  it  be  favor- 
able, is  quickly  magnified  and  the  "  rush  "  is  on.  Men 
tramp  across  those  northern  wilds  without  blankets, 
and  often  without  food,  taking  a  desperate  chance  of 
living  on  the  bounty  of  another  class  that  packs  more 
provisions  and  outfit  than  it  can  care  for.  There  is 
no  promise  of  fighting  over  the  staking  of  the  Tanana 
country  prior  to  the  stampede  to  that  section,  as  the 
diggings  are  not  rich  enough  to  warrant  it. 


posed  by  the  mining  and  reduction  companies  gener- 
ally. Thus  far,  in  most  cases  where  legislative 
bodies  have  interfered  with  the  natural  adjustment 
of  the  labor  problem,  their  efforts  have  either  been 
abortive  or  the  laws  have  become  a  dead  letter.  In 
some  instances  the  laws  passed  have  failed  to  stand 
the  test  of  the  courts,  having  been  declared  uncon- 
stitutional. In  Western  Australia  the  government 
sought  not  only  to  fix  the  hours,  but  also  the  wage 
rate,  and  the  result  has  been  the  closing  down  of 
many  of  the  low-grade  mines,  they  being  unable  to 
meet  the  short  hours  and  high  wages. 


Probable  Extension  of  the 
Banket. 


Rand 


A  SPECIAL  session  of  the  Colorado  Legislature 
is  announced  for  the  coming  week,  in  antici- 
pation of  which  Governor  Peabody  has  been  re- 
quested by  labor  organizations  to  recommend  the 
passage  of  an  eight-hour  law.  The  last  Legislature 
failed  to  pass  this  law,  though  urgently  appealed  to 
to  do  so.     This  new  attempt  is  being  strongly  op- 


In  a  study  of  the  gold-bearing  conglomerates  Of  the 
Rand  in  South  Africa  many  theories  have  been  ad- 
vanced with  a  view  to  locating  a  possible  extension 
of  these  beds.  The  anticlinal  theory  is  the  one  now 
finding  greatest  favor.  In  itself,  the  theory  is  plaus- 
ible enough,  but  at  a  distance  one  can  form  no  posi- 
tive opinion.  The  mining  engineers  and  geologists 
who  are  in  the  field  should  be  able  to  determine 
whether  or  not  there  is  a  reasonable  probability  of 
the  anticlinal  theory  having  any  foundation  in  fact. 
It  is  properly  assumed  that  the  conglomerates,  and 
sandstones  in  which  they  are  intercalated,  being  of 
sedimentary  origin,  must  have  been  deposited  in  a 
nearly  horizontal  position.  It  is  also  assumed  by 
some  for  lack  of  better  evidence  that  "these  sedi- 
ments were  derived  from  highlands  existing  some- 
where to  the  eastward,  probably  in  the  Indian 
ocean."  This  may  have  been  the  case,  but  it  seems 
more  reasonable  to  suppose  that  they  were  derived 
from  some  region  much  nearer  than  the  nearest 
point  on  the  shore  of  the  Indian  ocean,  a  distanoe  of 
about  200  miles.  Conglomerates  are  usually  some- 
what local  in  occurrence,  and  it  seems  unlikely  that 
the  conglomerates  derived  the- materials  of  which 
they  are  composed  from  so  great  a  distanoe. 

The  bankets  with  the  sandstones  are  uptilted,  dip- 
ping to  the  southward,  usually  at  about  45°,  at  and 
near  the  surface,  the  dip  flattening  with  depth  and 
distance  from  the  outcrop.  That  these  beds  ex- 
tended farther  to  the  northward,  but  that  their 
northward  extension  has  been  removed  by  erosion, 
there  can  be  no  doubt,  and  whether  the  fold  in  the 
Witwatersrand  distriot  was  a  monocline  or  a  syn- 
clinal fold  is  not  material,  but  it  is  important  to 
know  whether  these  beds  are  repeated  with  a  north- 
erly dip,  or  whether  the  formation  thinned  out  to  the 
northward  and  never  had  an  existence  in  the  region 
where  there  might  be  a  possibility  of  their  being 
found.  These  conglomerates,  unlike  those  of  South 
Dakota,  did  not  derive  all  their  gold,  if,  in  fact,  any 
at  all,  from  a  pre-existing  auriferous  formation,  but 
the  gold  was  deposited  in  the  cementing  material  in 
a  manner  similar  to  the  deposit  of  gold  in  crushed 
zones  of  rock  in  situ  elsewhere.  This  fact  is  of  im- 
portance and  has  a  direct  bearing  upon  the  value  of 
any  conglomerates  which  possibly  may  be  discovered 
to  the  northward,  for  should  such  discoveries  be 
made,  it  is  a  question  whether  or  not  they  would 
prove  sufficiently  valuable,  if  found  gold  bearing  at 
all,  to  constitute  payable  ore.  The  relative  size  of 
the  pebbles  in  the  conglomerate  should  convey  some 
idea  of  the  direction  from  which  the  detritus  was  de- 
rived, but  as  far  as  noticed  no  one  of  the  numerous 
writers  on  the  Rand  mines  has  mentioned  any  appre- 
ciable difference  in  the  size  of  the  pebbles  composing 
the  conglomerate.  However,  a  knowledge  of  the 
source  of  the  conglomerate  is  not  nearly  so  important 
as  an  idea  of  its  probable  northern  extension  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  fold. 

VISITING  mining  men  are  invited  to  make  their 
headquarters  at  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  offices  when  in  New  York,  Chicago,  Denver  or 
San  Francisco.  At  the  New  York  City  office,  720 
Park  Row  building,  Mr.  W.  S.  Bullock,  the  Eastern 
manager,  will  be  pleased  to  welcome  visitors  and  be 
of  any  possible  service  to  them.  Similarly,  the  Chi- 
cago manager,  Mr.  L.  A.  Greene,  1115  Monadnock 
block,  Chicago,  and  Mr.  E.  J.  Moore,  the  Colorado 
manager,  606  Mack  block,  Denver,  will  take  pleas- 
ure in  affording  visitors  such  facilities  as  are  at  their 
command.  The  same  cordial  invitation  is  extended 
to  visitors  to  the  home  office,  330  Market  street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal, 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


49 


A  PROGRESSIVE  man   must   needs  often  change  his 
views.     The  man  who  "  knows  It  all  "  Is  a  hopeless  case, 
and  has  outlived  his  usefulness. 
* 

THE  specific  gravity  of  sheet  Iron  Is  7.7  and  that  of 
sheet  steel  7  854.  A  cubic  foot  of  iron  weighs  480  pounds, 
and  of  steel  489.6  pounds. 

* 

Reservations  in  mining  patents  are  void  unless  the 
same  are  authorised  by  law,  and  after  Issuance  the  prop- 
erty rights  are  governed  by  State  laws. 

South  African  mining  claims  are  bounded  by  ver- 
tical lines.  The  extralateral  and  "apex  "  right  Is  recog- 
nized in  no  mining  country  on  earth,  except  Bolivia, 
S.  A.— and  the  United  States. 

Iodine  Is  extracted  from  the  ashes  of  seaweed,  espe- 
cially those  varieties  occurring   on  the  coasts  of  Japan, 
France,  Scotland  and  Norway.     Iodine  Is   also  obtained 
from  Mexico  and  Chile  in  the  mineral  lodyrlte  (Agl). 
* 

The  locator  of  a  mining  claim  may  perform  1500  worth 
of   work   on   his  claim  as  speedily  as  circumstances  and 
conditions  will  permit — within  a  week  after  discovery,  if 
desirable— and  he  may  then  apply  for  patent. 
* 

Gold  was  first  reported  in  Georgia,  at  Duke's  Creek, 
near  Nacoochee,  about  1829.     Another  report  places  the 
first  find  near  Dahlonega,  earlier  in  the  same  year.   Gold 
was  discovered  in  Alabama  about  the  same  time. 
<fe 

The  mill  man  who  steadfastly  holds  to  the  old-time 
methods  of  thirty  years  ago  has  much  to  learn,  for  there 
are  many  things  about  mills  he  does  not  know,  and  the 
amusing  part  of  it  is  he  does  not  know  that  he  doesn't 
know. 

* 
•  There  are  numerous  automatic  ore  samplers  on  the 
market  and  in  use  in  sampling  works,  mills,  etc.  They 
all  work  mechanically,  cutting  out  a  portion  of  the  sam- 
ple or  continuously  taking  a  certain  percentage  of  all  the 
sample. 

* 

TO  determine  the  actual  capacity  of  an  air  compressor 
In  free  air  per  minute  requires  a  painstaking  teBt.  It  may 
be  obtained  very  closely  by  taking  Indicator  cards  of  the 
air  cylinder,  from  which  the  effective  stroke  can  be  de- 
termined. 

* 

A  mining  claim  cannot  be  held  for  debts  contracted 
by  a  lessee  or  person  working  the  same  under  bond  in 
California,  if  the  owner  of  the  claim  post  a  notice  that 
he  will  not  be  responsible  for  any  debts  contracted  by 
the  person  or  persons  operating  the  mine. 
* 

Conveying  belts  can  be  uBed  to  great  advantage 
about  quartz  mills  and  other  reduction  works,  carrying 
the  ore  in  the  various  stages  of  the  operation  where 
gravity  cannot  be  employed.  They  are  also  useful  In 
disposing  of  waste  coming  to  the  mill  with  the  ore. 
* 

The  loss  of  one-fifth  ounce  of  quicksilver  per  ton  of 
ore  treated  is  excessive;  probably  too  much  "  quick  "  ie 
being  fed,  rendering  the  plates  too  soft,  with  a  conse- 
quent loss  of  mercury.  The  loss  of  quicksilver  will 
probably  be  proportionally  more  on  a  poor  than  on  a 

rich  ore. 

* 

The  dial  of  a  watch  may  be  employed  as  a  compass  on 
any  day  when  the  sun  is  visible.  Point  the  hour  hand 
directly  at  the  sun,  and  in  the  northern  hemisphere 
north  of  the  23rd  parallel,  south  will  be  midway  be- 
tween the  hour  hand  and  the  midday  mark  XII  on  the 

dial  of  the  watch. 

* 

It  is  always  advisable  to  have  extra  parts  about  a 
quartz  mill,  particularly  those  subjected  to  rapid  wear  or 
breakage.  In  some  modern  mills  an  extra  cam  shaft, 
with  cams  in  plaoe,  is  kept  in  readiness  In  the  event  of  a 
shaft  or  cam  breaking,  that  no  unnecessary  time  need  be 
lost  in  replacing  the  broken  one. 
* 

It  is  thought  by  some  authorities  that  the  diamonds 
found  In  Brazil  alluvial  deposits  were  derived  from  the 
degradation  of  the  flexible  BandBtoneB  found  In  the  vicin- 
ity of  the  mines,  but  that  they  were  deposited  contem- 
poraneously with  the  sand  now  forming  these  rocks. 
Diamonds  are  also  known  to  exiat  in  the  conglomerates 

of  that  region. 

A 

Bromine  is  extracted  from  sea  water  and  saline 
springs — the  important  occurrences  of  the  latter  in  the 
United  States  being  in  Michigan,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania 
and  West  Virginia.  It  Is  mainly  marketed  in  the  form 
of  potassium  bromide  (KBr).  Bromine  is  also  obtained 
from  the  mineral  embolite,  a  silver  chloro-bromide, 
which  1b  abundant  In  Chile. 
* 

The  steam  turbine  Is  considered  to  be  a  commercial 
success.  The  gas  turbine  is  the  newest  device.  Its  suc- 
cess Is  yet  problematical,  and,  ultimately,  seems  to  de- 
pend upon  ability  to  produce  a  continuous  combuBtion  of 
gas,  under  pressure  and  under  complete  control.  This 
sounds  small,  but   means  much,   doing  away  with   the 


boiler,  and  relegating  water  from  the  business  of  supply- 
ing power  as  completely  as  the  oar  has  been  relegated 
from  the  business  of  propulsion. 

* 
Garnierite,  or  noumelte,  Is  a  hydrated  silicate  of 
nickel  and  magnesium,  represented  approximately  by 
the  formula,  H,  (Nl  Mg)  SI  O,  +  aq;  amorphous;  soft 
and  dull;  color,  bright  apple  green  to  nearly  white; 
specific  gravity,  2.5.  It  Is  an  Important  ore  of  nickel, 
principal  occurrence  being  near  Noumea,  New  Caledonia 
island,  in  serpentine  associated  with  chromic  Iron  and 
steatite. 

* 
The  power  required  to  run  a  wet  crushing  gold  mill 
of  the  usual  design  varies  somewhat,  owing  to  distribu- 
tion of  power,  and  the  amount  of  friction  to  overcome. 
The  power  required  In  a  small  mill  Is  proportionately 
more  than  In  a  large  mill.  Forty  horse  power  should  be 
sufficient  to  run  an  ordinary  20-stamp  mill,  comprising 
the  battery  of  twenty  1000-pound  stamps  (100  drops  per 
minute),  one  rock  breaker  and  eight  concentrators. 

* 
A  SINGLE  machine  drill,  3}<lnch  piston,  working  at 
normal  speed  under  ninety  pounds  pressure  per  square 
Inch,  will  use  about  160  cublo  feet  of  free  air  per  minute. 
A  number  of  machines,  however,  may  be  kept  constantly 
running  with  proportionally  less  air.  For  instance,  ten 
drills  of  the  same  size  operating  under  similar  conditions 
will  use  but  1120  feet  of  free  air,  equivalent  to  an  aver- 
age of  112  feet  per  machine.  This  takes  into  consider- 
ation leakage,  friction,  etc. 

* 

Roads  and  ditches,  as  well  as  the  construction  of 
buildings  and  the  installation  of  machinery,  when  for 
the  benefit  of  an  unpatented  claim,  may  each  and  all  be 
applied  on  assessment  work  on  the  same;  but  a  ditch 
constructed  and  actually  reaching  a  claim,  which  is  not 
uaed  in  connection  with  the  same  and  is  not  Intended  for 
use  on  the  same,  cannot  be  applied  in  this  manner.  The 
bringing  of  tools,  etc.,  upon  a  claim  is  not  permissible  as 
a  charge  to  assessment  work. 
* 

Shafts  may  be  sunk  In  quicksand  or  other  wet  run- 
ning ground  by  freezing  the  ground  by  means  of  the 
ammonia  procesB.  In  Alaska  the  placer  ground  Ib  us- 
ually found  already  frozen  and  miners  thaw  it  by  build- 
ing fires  in  their  shafts  and  tunnels,  or  by  means  of 
steam-thawing  machines.  Frozen  ground  is  difficult  to 
cut,  particularly  when  in  the  form  of  gravel.  As  sand, 
however,  it  can  be  removed  by  ubo  of  chisel-shaped  dig- 
ging tools. 

FOR  filling  in  grooves  of  transmission  pulleys  various 
materials  have  been  used,  such  as  tarred  oakum,  jute 
yarn,  hard  wood,  indla  rubber  and  leather,  but  that 
which  1b  said  to  give  the  greatest  service  consists  of 
alternate  segments  of  leather  and  rubber,  soaked  in  tar 
and  packed  in  the  groove,  and  then,  when  dry,  turned 
out  to  a  true  surface.  Where  a  running  rope  is  subject 
to  considerable  side  vibration  the  flanges  are  sometimes 
lined  with  leather  riveted  on.  These  protect  the  rope 
from  excessive  wear. 

The  area  of  a  circle  Is  equal  to  the  circumference 
times  the  diameter,  divided  by  4  or  multiplied  by  0.25. 
The  circumference  squared  times  0.07958  also  equals  the 
area,- or  the  diameter  squared  times  0.7854.  To  find  the 
area  of  an  annular  ring  formed  by  the  space  between 
two  concentric  circles,  add  the  two  diameters  and  multi- 
ply the  Bum  by  their  difference,  and  this  product  by 
0  7854.  The  areas  of  circles  are  to  each  other  as  the 
squares  of  their  diameters. 

The  rock  sample  from  Missoula,  Mont.,  is  quartzite  of 
fine  and  uniform  texture  with  some  secondary  silica  de- 
veloped in  places,  the  crystalline  structure  of  which  ob- 
literates the  normal  granular  texture  of  the  rock.  The 
yellow  mineral  Is  iron  oxide.  "Free  gold  "  can  be  seen 
in  the  specimen.  The  fine-grained  soft  material  with 
black  color  is  probably  the  filling  by  fine  granular  silica 
and  graphite  of  a  pre-existing  cavity  in  the  rock.  There 
is  no  Indication  that  the  rock  does  or  will  contain  copper 
In  depth,  though  such  might  prove  to  be  the  case.  The 
rock  Bhould  amalgamate  readily,  and,  if  the  fine  gold  Ib 
not  saved  by  that  process,  the  tailings  would  probably 
be  well  adapted  to  cyanidation. 

School  lands  In  the  State  of  California  may  be  de- 
clared mineral  upon  the  presentation  of  affidavits  or 
otherwise  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Surveyor-General 
that  any  portion  of  the  sixteenth  or  thirty-sixth  section 
belonging  to  the  State  is  valuable  for  its  mineral.  The 
Surveyor-General  Bhall  then  not  approve  any  application 
for  the  purchase  of  the  same,  nor  shall  the  Register  of 
the  State  Land  Office  Issue  a  certificate  of  purchase 
therefor  until  the  question  of  the  character  of  the  land 
shall  have  been  determined  by  a  court  of  competent 
jurisdiction,  and  the  sixteenth  and  thirty-sixth  sections 
of  any  township  (school  lands)  of  California,  when  de- 
termined to  contain  valuable  mineral,  are  Bubject  to  loca- 
tion of  mineral  claims  under  the  Federal  laws. 
* 

Copper  ores  generally  are  dissolved  by  digesting 
in  c.  p.  nitric  acid.  Sulphur  separating  in  the  procesB 
will  contain  little  or  no  copper.  One  of  the  most  reliable 
methods  of  determining  the  percentage  of  copper  in  ores 
is  by  the  electrolytic  method.  The  conditions  essential 
to  proper  working  of  this  procesB  are  a  sufficiently 
dilute  solution,  not  too  much  free  acid,  and  a  low  current 


of  electricity.  Hydrochloric  acid  must  not  be  present, 
nor  much  nitric  acid.  The  presence  of  much  antimony, 
bismuth,  arsenic  or  silver  will  cause  the  copper  to  be  Im- 
pure and  will  give  misleading  results.  Bismuth  Is  par- 
ticularly obnoxious,  a  small  amount  giving  a  higher 
apparent  percentage  of  copper  than  really  exists.  For- 
tunately they  are  rarely  present  In  amountB  sufficient  to 
produce  annoying  results. 

* 
The  Federal  Statutes  permit  assessment  work  to  be 
done  outside  the  boundaries  of  an  unpatented  claim  to 
count  as  work  actually  performed  upon  the  claim  when 
it  is  evident  the  work  so  performed  Is  for  the  benefit  and 
ultimate  development  of  the  claim.  Consequently  work 
done  outside  the  claim  upon  another  claim  which  Is 
patented,  If  for  the  benefit  of  the  one  unpatented,  may 
be  considered  as  work  done  upon  it.  (Hall  vs.  Kearney, 
18  Colo.,  503;  33  Pacific  Reporter,  373;  Sherlock  vs. 
Llghton,  9  Wyo.,  297;  63  Pac,  580;  also  Little  Dorrlt  G. 
M.  Co.  vb.  Arapahoe  M.  Co.,  71  Pac,  391— a  recent  Colo- 
rado decision.)  When  one  owns  a  group  of  contiguous 
claims  It  Is  not  necessary  that  all  of  the  group  should  be 
patented  at  one  time.  The  several  claims  may  be  pat- 
ented singly  and  at  different  times. 

* 
In  the  case  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway  Co.  vs. 
Soderberg,  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  de- 
cided a  question  that  Involved  what  constitutes  mineral 
lands,  under  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  2,  1864.  The 
case  arose  out  of  an  application  by  the  railroad  company 
for  an  injunction  to  restrain  the  appellee  from  removing 
or  disposing  of  granite  from  a  quarter  section  of  land  in 
the  State  of  Washington,  of  which  he  had  taken  posses- 
sion under  a  mineral  location.  The  Supreme  Court  de- 
cided in  favor  of  Soderberg,  holding  that  the  legislation 
In  question  coincided  with  rather  than  opposed  the  over- 
whelming weight  of  authority  to  the  effect  that  mineral 
lands  include  not  merely  those  that  are  metalliferous, 
but  also  all  such  as  are  chiefly  valuable  for  their  deposits 
of  a  mineral  character  which  are  useful  In  the  arts  or 
valuable  for  purposes  of  manufacture. 

* 
The  "  pounding  mill, "  as  the  stamp  mill  was  originally 
known,  is  supposed  to  be  of  European  origin,  and  was  In 
use  in  Europe,  before  the  discovery  of  Amerioa,  for  the 
pulverizing  of  ores.  One  of  the  first  stamp  mills  built  in 
the  United  States  was  one  of  six  stamps,  erected  at  the 
Tellurium  mine  in  Virginia  in  1836.  These  stamps 
weighed  50  pounds  each.  The  following  year  a  similar 
mill  was  built  at  the  Haile  mine  in  South  Carolina. 
These  millB  had  wooden  stems  shod  with  iron.  The  dies 
were  iron.  They  were  similar  in  mechanical  working 
to  modern  mills.  The  stems  were  square  and  did  not 
revolve.  The  cams  worked  in  slots  cut  in  the  stems.  It 
is  stated  that  a  10-stamp  mill  of  this  primitive  design 
could  be  constructed  for  about  $160  and  have  a  capacity 
of  about  300  to  500  pounds  of  ore  per  stamp  daily. 
Amalgamation  was  accomplished  on  a  strip  of  copper 
plate  the  width  of  the  battery  and  a  foot  wide. 

* 
A  steam  ENGINE  or  air  compressor  Indicator  is  a  de- 
vice by  meanB  of  which  the  fluctuations  of  pressure  and 
volume  of  the  steam  within  the  cylinder  may  be  meas- 
ured. It  also  shows  the  work  done  and  the  power  de- 
veloped by  the  action  of  the  steam  upon  the  piston  and 
the  gross  work  performed  by  the  transformation  of  heat 
energy.  The  dynamotor  is  an  Instrument  employed  to 
measure  the  net  work  of  the  engine,  the  work  done  and 
power  available  at  the  shaft  of  the  engine  for  actual 
application.  The  difference  between  the  meaBureB  of 
these  two  Indicators  is  the  energy  lost,  due  to  resistance 
In  the  machine  Itself,  the  sum  of  frlctional  resistance  and 
the  loss  due  to  back  pressure  on  the  exhaust  side  of  the 
piston.  The  indicator  is  attached  to  a  pipe  connecting 
with  the  cylinder  of  the  engine,  and  the  variable  pres- 
sure of  the  Bteam  during  every  part  of  the  stroke  Ib  re- 
corded on  a  card  by  a  pencil  which  forms  part  of  the  in- 
dicating Instrument.  The  indicator  Itself  consists  of  a 
small  cylinder  with  movable  piston,  the  latter  held  by  a 
spring,  and  this  ie  compressed  or  extended  as  the  pres- 
sure varies,  this  being  indicated  on  the  card. 

Phosphorescence  is  a  property  possessed  by  a  var- 
iety of  minerals.  The  continued  emission  of  light  by  a 
substance  (not  incandescent)  produced,  especially  after 
heating,  exposure  to  light  or  to  the  electric  current  is 
called  phosphorescence.  The  mineral  fluorspar  (calcium 
fluoride)  Is  highly  phosphorescent  after  being  heated  to 
about  300°  F.  The  several  varieties  of  fluorspar  emit 
light  of  different  color.  Chlorophane,  one  variety,  emits 
an  emerald  green  light;  others  purple,  blue  and  reddiBh 
tints.  The  phosphoresence  may  be  observed  in  a  dark 
place  by  subjecting  the  mineral  to  heat  below  redness. 
Some  varieties  of  white  marble  emit  a  yellowish  light 
upon  Blight  heating;  tremolite,  a  variety  of  amphlbole, 
also  emits  phosphorescent  light.  Some  minerals,  natur- 
ally phosphorescent,  appear  to  lose  this  peculiar  property 
upon  being  heated,  but  It  may  be  restored  by  passing  an 
electric  current  through  the  calcined  mineral.  Some 
varieties  of  calcite,  fluorite,  apatite  (calcium  phosphate) 
and  some  specimens  of  diamond,  which  are  not  phos- 
phorescent, may  become  so  by  application  of  electricity. 
Exposure  to  rays  of  the  sun  often  produces  a  very  pro- 
nounced phosphorescence  in  many  diamonds,  though 
some  diamonds  appear  to  be  wholly  destitute  of  this 
property.  It  has  been  noticed  that  exposure  of  the  dia- 
mond to  the  blue  rays  of  the  spectrum  intensifies  the 
light,  while  exposure  to  the  red  rays  causes  It  to  rapidly 
fail  and  disappear. 


50 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25,  1903. 


Igneous  Rocks:   How  to  Identify 
Them. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Charles  J.  O'Brien,  M.  E. 

The  matter,  perhaps,  in  which  the  average  pros- 
pector or  miner  is  least  apt  to  show  concern  is  in  the 
name  which  he  bestows  upon  the  rock  formations 
among  which  he  pursues  his  vocation.  As  a  general 
rule,  his  nomenclature  is  apt  to  be  more  fanciful 
than  exact.  In  mineralogy  he  evinces,  perhaps, 
somewhat  more  interest.  He  does,  however,  con- 
sider it  proper  to  christen  the  hanging  and  foot  walls 
of  his  lode,  and  his  error  is  not  always  so  palpable  as 
that  of  the  miner  who  recently  stated  that  his  hang- 
ing wall  was  granite,  while  his  foot  wall  was  syenite. 

It  is,  of  course,  neither  necessary  nor  advisable 
that  the  miner  should  try  to  make  fine  but  useless 
distinctions.  The  comparatively  few  rocks,  however, 
which  constitute  the  ore-bearing  series  can  be  dis- 
tinguished with  reasonable  certainty  after  a  little 
practice,  prefaced  by  an  intelligent  and  systematic 
study  of  their  composition  and  characteristics,  mode 
of  occurrence,  etc. 

This  paper  is  addressed  to  the  task  of  supplement- 
ing the  ordinary  text-book  descriptions  of  the  more 
common  igneous  rocks  with  a  few  practical  hints  for 
identifying  them  without  microscopical  examination. 
As  a  rule,  petrographical  text-books  are  far  less  ex- 
plicit than  could  be  desired  upon  those  points  which 
enable  us  to  identify  a  rock  in  the  field.  To  this  may 
be  added  the  fact  that  scarcely  two  authors  coincide 
in  all  particulars,  at  times  touching  but  lightly  on 
essential  characteristics,  lingering  over  those  of  only 
secondary  importance.  As  a  rule,  there  are  seldom 
more  than  one  or  two  minerals  which,  combined  with 
the  mode  of  occurrence,  determine  the  identity  of  a 
rock.  When  this  is  the  case  it  should  be  made  plain 
in  works  purporting  to  be  text-books,  and  when 
other  minerals,  or  forms  of  the  same  mineral,  are 
merely  subsidiary,  this  fact,  also,  should  be  plainly 
brought  out. 

Let  us  take  trachyte  as  an  instance  to  the  point : 

I.  C.  S.  Text  Books  :  Of  the  acid  group,  trachyte 
is  one  of  the  most  common  forms.  It  is  usually  a 
light-colored  rock,  and  has  a  peculiar  characteristic 
rough  feel,  on  account  of  the  fact  that  the  ground 
mass  is  composed  of  sanidin,  in  which  are  needle-like 
crystals  of  the  same  material.  Augite  is  always 
present,  and  other  minerals  may  occur  associated 
with  it,  especially  boitite. 

Le  Conte  :  Orthoclase ;  crystals  of  sanidin ;  glassy 
magma,  with  or  without  embedded  crystals. 

Kemp :  Chief  feldspar  orthoclase ;  biotite  (or)  (and) 
hornblende,  (or)  (and)  augite. 

Dana :  After  orthoclase,  shows  that  trachyte 
may  have  sanidin,  forming  sanidin-trachyte,  or  it 
may  have  hornblende,  augite  or  biotite. 

Now,  to  the  student  the  main  fact  is  that  trachyte 
is  an  orthoclase  lava  ;  its  name  is,  therefore,  deter- 
mined by  its  feldspar  and  its  mode  of  occurrence. 
Thus,  any  orthoclase  lava  is  trachyte,  and  other  min- 
erals, should  they  occur,  may  be  regarded  as  subsid- 
iary, since  they  do  not  change  the  character  of  the 
rock. 

The  subjoined  table  gives  a  list  of  the  more  com- 
mon igneous  rocks,  arranged  so  as  to  have  those  of 
essentially  the  same  composition  in  the  same  line  : 


Orthoclase  fuses  with  extreme  difficulty,  plagioclase 
with  comparative  ease. 

Hornblende  and  Augite.— Look  for  4-sided  and 
8-sided  outlines  in  augite  ;  acute  rhombs  and  hexa- 
gons in  hornblende.  The  cleavage  angle  of  horn- 
blende is  about  124°,  that  of  augite  about  87°.  There 
is  thus  little  difficulty  in  distinguishing  them,  even 
when  the  crystals  are  small,  should  they  be  well  crys- 
tallized. 

The  Micas. — The  micas  of  most  general  occurrence 
are  muscovite  (white  mica),  and  biotite  (black  mica). 
Often  occur  in  disseminated  scales,  sometimes  as 
aggregates.  Try  lifting  an  edge  with  the  knife 
point.  The  laminae  are  flexible  and  elastic ;  some- 
times have  a  green  tint,  due  to  alteration.  Laminae 
have  a  tendency  to  scale  off  upon  weathering. 

Olivine  (Chrysolite). — Occurs  in  irregular  grains 
and  nodules,  disseminated  throughout  the  magma  of 
basaltic  rocks ;  sometimes  looks  like  broken  pieces  of 
green  bottle  glass,  but  may  be  yellowish,  or  brown- 
ish, from  incipient  oxidation.     Very  hard. 

Quartz. — Generally  colorless  or  bluish,  in  irregu- 
lar grains  or  nodules,  but  sometimes  partly  crystal- 
lized. Cannot  be  scratched  with  the  knife  or  fused 
before  the  blowpipe. 

This  completes  the  list  of  determining  minerals  in 
the  classification  of  all  the  common  igneous  rocks — 
certainly  the  most  important  of  them,  unless  we  ex- 
cept phonolite,  which  is  a  rare  rock. 

It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  igneous  rocks  are 
more  or  less  changed  for  varying  depths  below  the 
surface,  and  this  is  especially  true  where  these  rocks 
are  contiguous  to  veins  or  dikes.  A  basic  rock  con- 
taining considerable  iron,  like  the  average  diorite  or 
andesite,  weathers  to  a  red  or  brown  color  on  the 
surface.  Below  this,  the  zone  of  complete  oxidation, 
we  shall  encounter  a  zone  in  which  green  is  the  pre- 
vailing color,  the  dark  silicates  having  mostly 
changed  to  chlorite.  At  a  still  greater  depth  we 
come  upon  the  gray,  unaltered  rock. 

In  classifying  a  rock,  therefore,  the  first  step 
should  be  to  ascertain  the  condition  of  the  specimen 
— whether  altered  or  not — and  to  try  to  form  some 
idea  of  its  original  appearance.  The  student  should 
not  be  misled  by  colors,  because,  as  shown,  a  rock 
may  be  of  several  different  colors,  corresponding  to 
different  stages  of  decomposition  or  metamorphism. 

The  next  step  should  be  to  ascertain  the  different 
modes  of  occurrence.  A  granitoid  structure  is 
almost  invariably  the  characteristic  of  the  primeval 
or  abysmal  (plutonic)  rocks,  though  erosion  may 
cause  them  to  outcrop  or  even  to  show  considerable 
superficial  areas.  Let  it  be  borne  in  mind,  however, 
that  quartz  porphyries  sometimes  simulate  the  tex- 
ture of  granitoid  rocks  closely  enough  to  deceive  any- 
thing short  of  a  close  scrutiny.  Plutonic  rocks  have 
a  characteristically  granular  texture,  which  is  gen- 
erally coarse,  but  may  be  somewhat  fine ;  but  the 
regularity  and  uniformity  in  the  size,  number  and 
distribution  of  the  several  minerals  distinguish  them 
from  quartz  porphyries.  Again,  although  the  crowd- 
ing together  of  the  minerals  prevents  them  from 
developing  fully  their  respective  crystal  forms,  the 
feldspars  always  show  their  cleavage  planes  dis- 
tinctly, while  the  feldspar  of  quartz  porphyries  is 
fine-grained  or  amorphous. 

Diabase  differs  from  other  granitoid  rocks  in  that 
the  feldspars  are  automorphic — that  is,  their  crystal 
forms  are  not  modified,  as  in  granite,  by  the  accom- 
panying minerals.  The  feldspars  are  lath-shaped 
and  form  a  network  the  meshes  or  interspaces  of 
which  are  occupied  by  augite,   the  other  essential 


u 

Q 

O 

<! 


en 


Trachyte  (Augite,  etc.). 

R  h  y  o  1  i  t  e    (Quartz-tra- 
chyte). 


A.ndesite  (Hornblende). 
Dacite  (Quartz-andeslte) 
Basalt  (Augite,  olivine). 


Occurring  only  as  over- 
flow ;  fine-grained  and 
glass-bearing. 


INTRUSIONS. 


Felsite. 

Quartz  -  felsite     (Quartz- 
porphyry). 


Diorite  (Hornblende). 
Quartz-diorite. 
Diabase  (Augite). 


In  intrusions  —  dikes, 
sheets,  bosses,  laccolites ; 
fine-grained. 


PLUTONIC. 


Syenite  (Hornblende). 
Granite  (Quartz,  mica). 


Diorite  (Hornblende). 

Quartz-diorite. 

Diabase,  Gabbro  (Augite). 


Occurring  in  underlying 
masses  ;  coarsely  crystal 
line ;  uncovered  by  ero 
sion 


feldspar. 


Orthoclase  (potash). 


Oligoclase  (Soda-lime). 
Labradorite  (Lime-soda). 


To  Identify  the  Feldspars.— The  important  feld- 
spars in  igneous  rocks  are  the  potash  feldspar, 
orthoclase,  and  the  soda-lime  and  lime-soda  feldspars, 
called  collectively  plagioclase.  Orthoclase  has  two 
cleavages  at  right  angles,  while  the  cleavage  angles 
of  plagioclase  are  oblique.  The  two  systems  look 
much  alike,  however.  Where  the  ground  mass  is  in 
a  somewhat  carious  condition  it  may  be  coarsely 
broken  up  in  a  mortar,  when  the  crystals  will  sepa- 
rate in  a  more  or  less  perfect  state,  and  may  then 
be  studied  to  better  advantage.  The  crystals  may 
be  examined  for  the  fine  straight  ridges  or  striations 
peculiar  to  plagioclase.  All  of  these  tests  may  fail, 
however.  Perhaps  the  most  speedy  and  reliable  test 
is  to  try  a  fine,  clean  splinter  before  the  blowpipe. 


constituent  of  the  rock. 

Intrusive  rock  masses  usually  assume  forms  that 
make  their  classification  obvious,  even  at  a  distance. 
Where  cuts  or  faults  have  exposed  them  they  are 
sometimes  seen  as  long,  relatively  narrow  ribbons, 
called  sills — which  is  but  another  name  for  the  cross- 
section  of  an  intruded  sheet.  Laccolites  are  rounded, 
often  flattened,  domes  ;  but  instances  are  not  want- 
ing of  denuded  cones  and  spires  reaching  to  a  great 
height,  so  attenuated  that  they  could  by  no  possibil- 
ity have  been  projected  upward  without  lateral  sup- 
port, yet  so  hard  and  impervious  as  to  resist  the 
agencies  which  have  worn  away  hundreds  of  feet  of 
the  circumjacent  rock,  as  well  as  an  unknown  thick- 
ness above  them.    Dikes  are  another  common  form, 


but  these  should  be  distinguished  from  mere  cracks 
or  fissures  which  have  been  filled  from  above  by 
overflows.  Subsequent  erosion  may  strip  the  over- 
flow, leaving  what  appears  to  be  the  outcrop  of  a 
dike,  or  of  a  series  of  dikes. 

Lavas  may  be  recognized  as  superimposed  bodies 
of  rock  covering  considerable  areas,  and  having  a 
fine-grained  or  glassy  texture.  Of  course,  a  lava 
may  be  covered  by  a  subsequent  overflow.  Probably 
the  lava  having  the  most  characteristic  mode  of 
occurrence  is  basalt,  which  is  seen  rising  in  success- 
ive steps  or  terraces,  having  well-defined  angles,  and 
often  faced  with  rows  of  hexagonal  columns. 

In  fine-grained  or  glassy  rocks — intrusive  or  erup- 
tive— it  is,  course,  impossible  to  study  the  crystals, 
unless  the  rock  be  porphyritic,  in  which  case  the 
crystals  are  an  index  to  the  magma.  As  a  rule, 
orthoclase  rocks  are  light-colored  and  quite  hard,  as 
well  as  fusible  with  difficulty.  The  dark  silicates 
occur  sparingly,  or  not  at  all.  Plagioclase  rocks,  on 
the  other  hand,  are  prevailingly  dark — some  shade 
of  gray,  when  unaltered.  They  are  easily  scratched 
with  a  knife,  fuse  readily,  and  the  ratio  between  the 
light  and  dark  minerals  approaches  a  parity. 

There  are,  however,  diorites  and  andesites  which 
are  light  in  color,  but  these  can  readily  be  distin- 
guished from  orthoclase  rocks  by  their  fusibility. 
There  is  little  difference  between  diabase  and  basalt, 
but  the  former  does  not  occur  in  overflows.  Basalt 
of  the  typical  kind  is  porphyritic  with  olivine,  and 
sometimes  contains  a  brown  variety  of  hornblende, 
which  is  peculiar  to  basaltic  rocks.  Diabases  some- 
times contain  olivine.  These  are  very  basic  rocks, 
dark-colored  and  heavy. 

Comparing  the  textures  of  intrusive  and  eruptive 
rocks,  the  former  are  apt  to  preserve  the  even  and 
regular  distribution  of  minerals  which  characterize 
their  plutonic  prototypes.  Eruptive  rocks,  on  the 
other  hand,  present  a  varied  and  uneven  texture. 
Such  crystallized  minerals  as  may  occur  are  irregu- 
larly distributed,  being  much  more  abundant  in  some 
places  than  in  others,  even  in  a  small  specimen.  The 
magma  may  be  more  or  less  glassy. 

There  are,  of  course,  all  degrees  of  variation  from 
the  typical  rocks  of  any  series.  Thus,  there  is  mica- 
ceous granite,  mica-diorite,  soda-rhyolite,  etc.,  be- 
sides the  multitudinous  distinctions  made  by  penolo- 
gists ;  but  the  student  who  has  learned  to  classify 
the  typical  rocks  with  reasonable  accuracy  will  be 
able  to  deal  with  their  variations. 

Another  class  of  rocks  important  in  mining  is  the 
metamorphic  series,  especially  the  schists,  but  their 
consideration  is  not  permissible  within  the  limits  of 
this  paper.     _    

Precipitation  of  Gold  From  Cyanide  Solutions. 

To  the  Editor: — Concerning  the  precipitation  of 
gold  from  cyanide  solutions  by  acidulating  same  with 
sulphuric  acid  and  precipitating  the  gold  by  means 
of  sheet  zinc,  in  applying  the  method  there  are  some 
fundamental  principles  which  must  be  observed,  and 
to  carry  these  through  will  entail  a  cost  which,  in  my 
opinion,  will  make  the  method  prohibitive  from  this 
standpoint  alone. 

To  overcome  the  normal  working  alkalinity  of  an 
ordinary  cyanide  mill  solution  and  produce  a  degree 
of  acidity  which  will  give  precipitation  takes  from 
3  to  8  pounds  of  commercial  sulphuric  acid  per  ton  of 
solution,  according  to  the  strength  of  cyanide  solu- 
tion and  the  amount  of  protective  alkali  used.  Com- 
mercial sulphuric  acid,  delivered  at  most  of  the  West- 
ern plants,  costs  from  S  cents  to  4  cents  per  pound. 
The  average  cost,  then,  for  acidulation  alone  would 
be  15  cents  per  ton  of  solution.  The  solution  once 
acidulated  would  require  to  be  brought  back  with 
alkali  to  its  normal  working  degree  of  alkalinity  be- 
fore it  could  be  used  on  the  ore  again.  This  practi- 
cally means  the  neutralization  of  the  added  acid  with 
an  equivalent  of  caustic  soda,  and  would  cost  approx- 
imately 24  cents  per  ton  of  solution,  or  a  total  cost 
between  acid  and  alkali  of  39  cents  per  ton  of  solu- 
tion. Add  to  this  the  cost  of  the  zinc  consumed  by 
the  acid,  which  will  bring  the  total  cost  for  precipi- 
tation alone  to  considerably  over  40  cents  per  ton  of 
solution.  In  practice  the  quantity  of  solution  to  ore 
varies  greatly,  from  J  to  1  part  of  solution  to  1  of 
ore.  Take  the  best  condition,  J  solution  to  1  of  ore, 
and  the  cost  for  precipitation  per  ton  of  ore  will  at 
least  be  over  20  cents  per  ton  for  chemicals  and  zinc 
only.  Against  this  place  the  cost  for  precipitation 
on  zinc  shavings  in  the  usual  manner,  which  varies 
from  3  cents  to  12  cents,  depending  on  the  strength 
of  solution  used  and  the  value  of  ore  treated.  Besides 
the  prohibitive  cost  of  this  process,  it  has  other  dis- 
advantages. When  a  cyanide  mill  solution  is  ren- 
dered acid,  a  large  quantity  of  cyanides  (of  copper, 
iron,  zinc,  manganese,  etc.)  is  precipitated.  These 
would  necessarily  be  collected  with  the  gold  precipi- 
tated and  would  give  a  product  much  more  impure 
and  harder  to  refine  than  the  ordinary  gold  slimes 
from  the  zinc  box. 

There  are  other  features  in  connection  with  this 
process  which  would  have  to  be  considered  in  discuss- 
ing the  same  minutely,  such  as  the  regeneration  of 
a  certain  amount  of  cyanide,  i.  e.,  part  of  the  cya- 
nide which  goes  to  form  the  double  cyanide,  all  of 
which  is  more  than  counterbalanced  by  the  loss  of 
cyanide   by  volatilization,    together  with  the  loss  of 


July  -15,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


51 


cyanide  combined  with  the  metals  thrown  out  on 
acidification,  the  latter  loss  being  recoverable  to  a 
certain  extent  by  other  methods  (in  regular  prac- 
tice), the  gradual  fouling  of  solution  with  alkaline 
sulphate,  and  the  increased  cost  for  handling  solu- 
tions by  this  method  over  the  general  zinc  box 
method.  But  the  few  points  discussed  in  detail  above 
are,  in  my  opinion,  sufficient  to  condemn  the  method. 
Denver,  Colo.,  July  18.  William  Orr. 


From  Parral  to   Guadaloupe  y  Calvo, 
Chihuahua,  flexico. 

Written  for  tbe  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
H.  Z.  Osborne. 

In  January  and  February  of  the  present  year  the 
writer  made  a  visit  to  Mexico,  which  included  the 
Parral  district,  in  the  State  of  Chihuahua,  and  after- 
wards a  muleback  trip  from  Ojito,  the  then  western 
terminus  of  the  Parral  &  Durango  Railroad,  west- 
ward across  the  Sierra  Madres  to  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo,  Boborigame,  Cebollitos,  Mala  Noche,  Cerro  | 
Colorado  and  La  Cumbre,  in  the  southwestern  corner 
of  the  same  State,  where  it  adjoins  Sinaloa  and 
Durango,  and  back  again  eastward,  recrossing  the 
Cordilleras  to  Ojito.  This  muleback  trip  occupied 
twenty-nine  days,  and,  while  the  distance  traveled 
was  not  so  very  great  horizontally,  probably  less 
than  400  miles,  my  traveling  companions  and  I  were 


mosos  was  rarely  disturbed,  and  they  would  often 
come  into  camp  at  night  after  the  day's  journey 
whistling  or  singing.  At  night,  if  they  have  a  good 
camp  fire,  a  manta  to  lie  on  and  a  serape  to  wrap  up 
in,  they  will  sleep  soundly  until  the  hour  for  hunting 
up  the  mules  in  the  morning — usually  3  or  4  o'clock — 
and  apparently  want  nothing  better.  Their  com- 
pensation is  $1  a  day  (Mexican) — about  40  cents  of 
our  money — and  "found."  This  moderate  figure  en- 
ables one  to  indulge  in  personal  service  that  would  be 
extravagant  at  home.     The  mules,  with  their  packs 


altogether  the  resemblance  to  the  timbered  parts 
of  our  own  Sierra  Nevadas  in  California,  in  the 
character  of  the  timber  and  general  appearance  of 
the  country,  is  quite  marked,  though  the  timber  is 
not  so  large  nor  are  the  trees  so  near  each  other  as 
in  our  mountains. 

The  scenery  is  often  grand.  Pour  rivers  were 
crossed,  and  some  of  these  cut  the  mountains  with 
deep  canyons  which  would  be  notable  if  tbey  were  in 
the  United  States.  One  of  these,  the  Rio  Verde, 
compares  favorably  as  to  impressive  grandeur  with 


of  supplies  for  the  trip,  camp  outfit,  etc.,  were  sent  [  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Yellowstone,  although  it 
out  from  Parral  a  day  or  two  ahead,  and  were  met  at  I  lacks   the  brilliant  and  variegated  coloring  of  the 


the  end  of  the  railroad,  at  Ojito,  the  last  station 
on  the  road,  a  few  kilometers  from  its  terminus  in 
the  timber.  The  start  from  Parral  was  made  at  6 
o'clock  in  the  morning  and  Ojito  was  reached  about  10 
o'clock.  It  was  expected  that  a  ride  of  three  or  four 
hours  would  be  made  the  first  day,  just  to  get  accus- 
tomed to  the  trail.  So,  after  the  arrival  at  Ojito,  the 
packs  were  made  up  for  the  mules  and  the  first  meal 
in  camp  prepared  and  served.  Although  the  sky 
was  clear,  our  first  meal  was  prepared  and  eaten  in 
a  high  gale  of  cold  wind,  most  unlike  one's  first  con- 
ceptions of  Mexican  weather.  For  a  table  a  manta, 
or  mat,  or  a  piece  of  canvas  spread  on  the  ground, 
and,  with  a  good  open-air  appetite,  a  meal  of  f rijoles 
and  bacon,  or,  perhaps,  a  little  fresh  meat  and  good 
biscuit,  baked  on  an  ingenious  device  of  tin  for  catch- 
ing and  reflecting  the  heat  from  the  camp  fire  upon 
the  baking  bread,  is  by  no  means  bad. 
The  station  of  Ojito  is  south  and   a  little  west 


1— Road  toJacalttos. 


2— Pledad  Mine. 


3 — Arrastra  Burro  Canyon. 
Mining  Scenes  in  Mexico. 


4— Burro  5-Stamp  Mill. 


5— Guadaloupe  River. 


in  the  saddle  at  least  a  portion  of  twenty-seven  out  of 
the  twenty-nine  days. 

A  party  traveling  in  the  mountains  of  Mexico  must 
be  "self-contained," — that  is,  it  must  carry  every- 
thing that  is  needed  for  sustenance,  comfort,  health 
and  safety.  In  our  party  were  three  Americans  be- 
side myself,  one  of  whom  was  familiar  with  the  coun- 
try and  spoke  Spanish — a  most  valuable  acquisition 
in  that  country.  We  outfitted  partly  in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.,  and  partly  in  Parral.  In  Los  Angeles  we 
bought  a  small  9-foot  centerpole  tent,  the  center- 
pole  in  two  sections,  for  convenience  in  packing;  light 
folding  military  cots  and  blankets.  In  Parral  we 
obtained  mules  for  riding  and  packing;  such  provis- 
ions as  flour,  beans,  bacon,  fresh  meat,  lard,  coffee 
and  sugar,  and  frying  pan,  coffee  pots,  tin  plates, 
cups,  spoons,  knives,  forks,  etc.  We  also  hired  three 
"mosos,"  or  native  servants.  Upon  the  kind  of 
mosos  that  one  gets  much  depends  for  the  comfort 
and  pleasure  of  the  trip.  The  moso's  work  is  to  care 
for  the  mules — to  feed,  pack  and  unpack  them,  and 
drive  the  pack  animals,  prepare  the  camp  at  night, 
cook  the  meals,  wash  the  dishes,  and  be  good  natured 
and  respectful.  Our  party  was  fairly  fortunate  in 
this  regard.  We  took  one  moso  (Santiago)  the  round 
trip,  and  picked  up  two  others  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo 
in  place  of  two  worthless  ones  that  we  started  out 
with.  These  mosos  will  trot  behind  the  pack  mules 
all  day  long,  with  nothing  on  their  feet  but  boraches 
— a  piece  of  leather  like  a  sandal,  held  to  the  sole  of 
the  foot  by  leather  thongs  passed  around  the  ankles. 
Frequently  they  must  cross  streams  and  travel 
through  mud,  and  in  the  high  mountains  we  encoun- 
tered some  ice  and  snow  ;  but  the  good  nature  of  the 


of  Parral  and  but  a  few  miles  from  the  bound- 
ary line  of  Chihuahua  and  Durango.  The  course 
traveled  from  Ojito  to  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  is  about 
southwest,  and  the  distance  is  probably  a  little  more 
than  100  miles.  Distances,  however,  in  that  country 
are  popularly  measured  by  time,  rather  than  by 
miles,  and  an  inquiry  as  to  how  far  it  is  to  a  certain 
point  will  be  answered:^  "It  is  3}  hours,"  or  "two 
hours,"  as  the  case  may  be.  This  takes  into  account 
the  difficulties  or  steepness  of  the  trails,  which  are 
frequently  more  important  than  the  number  of  miles. 
But  I  observed  that  it  always  required  the  full 
amount  of  time  claimed  to  make  a  given  point,  and 
when  I  was  told  that  it  was  a  ride  of  "  3  hours  and  35 
minutes"  to  Cebollitos,  or  wherever  it  was,  I  gener- 
ally calculated  on  about  five  hours  of  stiff  travel,  and 
was  rarely  disappointed  by  an  earlier  arrival  at  the 
destination.  The  trip  from  Ojito  to  Guadloupe  y 
Calvo  is  considered  3£  days'  muleback  travel,  and  it 
can  be  made  in  that  time  ;  but  4£  days  is  more  com- 
fortable. 

Between  the  two  points  the  much-traveled  trail 
passes  through  a  great  variety  of  country  and 
scenery.  It  passes  over  mountains  and  through  val- 
leys, but,  while  thus  alternating  in  elevation,  it  grad- 
ually rises  from  5000  or  6000  feet  above  sea  level  on 
the  eastern  slope  of  the  Sierra  Madres  until  the  con- 
tinental divide  is  crossed  the  second  day  out  at  an 
elevation  of  10,500  feet.  The  point  of  division  is  not 
sharply  marked ;  but,  on  the  contrary,  there  are 
miles  of  comparatively  level  country  at  the  summit, 
covered  with  pine  and  oak  timber  with  a  good 
growth  of  grass  in  the  abundant  soil  underneath. 
There    are    occasional    small    mountain   lakes,    and 


latter,  its  precipitous  walls,  as  its  name  implies,  be- 
ing a  deep  shade  of  green.  The  trail  crosses  this 
canyon,  passing  down  to  the  bottom,  from  the  com- 
paratively level  tablelands  on  one  side  to  the  same 
on  the  other.  A  half  day  is  needed  to  cross  the  can- 
yon, although  the  horizontal  distance  across  can  be 
scarcely  more  than  3  miles.  It  is  a  piece  of  the  trail 
that  is  most  trying  to  both  mules  and  riders. 

Of  the  four  rivers  that  were  crossed,  one,  the  Re- 
paro, flows  northeasterly  into  the  Concho,  which  finds 
its  outlet  in  the  Rio  Grande,  and  thence  into  the  Gulf 
of  Mexico.  The  other  three  flow  westward  and  have 
their  outlet  in  the  Pacific.  They  are  the  Rio  Verde 
and  the  Turache,  which  flow  into  the  Rio  Fuerte,  and 
the  Bozanopa,  which  is  one  of  the  branches  of  the 
Sinaloa  river.  The  latter  river  was  crossed  two  days 
west  of  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo. 

After  leaving  the  rich  mineral  districts  of  Parral, 
Minas  Nuevas  and  Santa  Barbara,  the  entire  country 
westward  nearly  to  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  is 
covered  with  light-colored,  eruptive  rhyolite 
rock,  locally  called  cantara,  in  which  little  or 
no  mineral  of  value  is  found.  At  Guadaloupe 
y  Calvo  the  cantara  has  been  eroded  away 
so  that  the  underlying  rocks  are  exposed  in 
which  the  veins  exist,  and  to  the  westward  of 
Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  although  still  somewhat 
in  evidence  in  places,  the  cantara  has  been 
worn  out  over  large  areas,  exposing  the  older 
formations  and  their  inclosed  mineral  veins. 
East  of  the  Sierra  Madres,  while  gold  veins 
are  occasionally  found,  silver  prevails,  and  on 
the  western  slope  the  reverse  condition  exists, 
gold  veins  predominating.  This  is  especially 
true  in  the  western  part  of  the  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo  district. 

Because  of  the  rhyolitic  overflow  referred 
to  over  the  higher  parts  of  the  Sierra  Madres, 
covering  as  it  does  to  a  great  depth  such  pos- 
sible veins  as  may  exist  in  the  lower  forma- 
tions,  the  trip  has  not  the  economic  interest 
that  it  would  posses  were  it  a  region  traversed 
by  mineral  veins.     But  the  scenery  is  grand 
and  the  trail  for  long  distances  passes  through 
forests  of  pine,  oak  and  madrona.     There  are 
no     towns    or    hamlets    between    Ojito  and 
Guadaloupe  y  Calvo.    About  five  hours  out 
from  Ojito  is  a  ranch    at  the    Rio  Reparo. 
Midway  between  these  points  is  a  small  stream, 
called  Chivete,   and  a  spring  in  the  Navarro 
valley,  an  hour  farther   along.     Three  and  a 
half  hours  west  of  Reparo  is  the  Arroyo  del 
Mais,  pretty  well  up  in  the    main  Sierras. 
This  was  our  second  camping  place,  on  the 
night  of  January  21,  and,  as  the  ice  froze  an 
inch  thick  during  the  night,  it  may  be  inferred 
that  it  was  a    cold  camp.     As  no  one  lives 
within  miles  of  this  desolate  arroyo,  and  no 
corn   or  other  cereal  is  raised  there,  there 
appears  no  particular  reason  why  it  should 
be  called  the  arroyo  of  corn.     From  Arroyo 
del  Mais   to  Rancho  de  las  Lagunas  is  about 
three  hours  and  a  good  ride  for  lunch.    Here 
are  the  ruins  of  an    old  adobe    ranch    house  and 
corral.     From  the  Lagunas  to  the   bottom    of  the 
Rio  Verde  canyon  is  three  hours  more.     The  clamber 
down  this  canyon    and    up  again  on  the  western 
side,   embracing  a  drop   and  raise  of  from  1700  to 
2000  feet,  is  something  to   remember.     A  stream  of 
hot  water  flows  into  the  Rio  Verde  near  the  ford, 
carrying  a  good   volume   of   water.     Its  source  is  a 
series  of  hot  springs  a  mile  or  so  above.     From  Rio 
Verde  to  Cuevo  del  Burro  is  three  hours'  ride.     We 
were  caught  in  a  storm  of  rain  and  snow  at  this  camp 
for  a  day  on  our  way  out.     From  Cuevo  del  Burro  to 
Cienega  Prieta  is  another  three  hours,  and  here  we 
camped  the  fourth  night  out.     The   Cienega  Prieta 
is  the  first  "  going  "  ranch  beyond  the  Reparo  and  is 
conducted  by  an  American,  Mr.  Rhodes.     A  supper 
and  breakfast,  that  included  eggs  and  fried  chicken, 
was  a  welcome  change  from  the  ordinary  camp  fare. 
From  Cienega  Prieta  to  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  the  ride 
is  made  in  one  day,  the  Turache   river  and  canyon 
being  reached  about  two  hours  out,  Ojo  Frio  in  six 
hours  and  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  in   eight  hours.     The 
riding  time  from  the  railroad  is  considered  twenty- 
eight  to  thirty  hours.     While  there  are  many  grander 
places  in  the  world  than  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,   after 
this  ride  there  are  few  that  are  more  welcome  to  the 
arriving  traveler. 

Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  is  the  capital  of  the  mining  dis- 
trict of  that  name.  Here  all  mining  locations,  or 
denouncements,  must  be  made  and  recorded.  Here, 
also,  is  a  postoffice  and  a  telegraph  office  combined, 
the  telegraph  line  being  owned  and  conducted  by  the 
Mexican  Government.  One  of  the  wise  policies  of 
President  Diaz  is  to  run  telegraph  lines  into  the  re- 


52 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25,  1903. 


mote  sections  of  Mexico,  enabling  the  rapid  trans- 
mission of  news.  This  makes  revolutions  difficult  and 
almost  impossible.  The  rates  for  telegraphing  are 
reasonable  and  can  hardly  be  sufficient  to  fully  in- 
demnify the  Government  for  maintaining  and  operat- 
ing the  lines.  When  a  message  is  received  and  paid 
for,  the  operator  issues  to  the  sender  an  official  re- 
ceipt for  the  money  paid.  At  the  postoffices,  upon 
receipt  of  the  mail,  a  list  is  made  of  persons  for  whom 
there  are  letters  and  the  list  is  posted  in  the  office. 
So  there  is  no  necessity  to  inquire  for  mail.  This  sys- 
tem would  hardly  do  in  a  large  American  office,  where 
thousands  of  letters  are  received  each  day.  The  of- 
ficers of  the  postal  department — the  Administracion 
de  Correos — are  usually  polite  and  accommodating. 
In  G-uadaloupe  y  Calvo  the  principal  official  is  the 
Jefe  Politico.  His  powers  are  very  great  and  in- 
clude to  some  extent  those  of  both  an  executive  and 
a  judicial  character.  With  evil-doers  of  a  desperate 
type  the  Jefe  Politico  does  not  hesitate  to  exercise 
the  power  of  life  and  death.  The  present  Jefe  Polit- 
ico at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Don  Angel  P.  Ariza,  is  a 
man  of  education  and  good  judgment,  and  has  the 
reputation  of  administering  his  office  with  courage 
and  justice.  In  two  years  of  his  incumbency  twelve 
men  had  either  been  executed  in  the  district  or  killed 
by  the  rurales  while  in  pursuit  for  crimes  of  pillage 
or  violence. 

When  an  individual  or  a  band  of  men  are 
known  to  be  criminals  they  are  treated  with  very 
little  ceremony.  The  rurales  follow  them  up,  but 
rarely  capture  them.  A  mound  of  rock  along  the 
trail,  surmounted  by  a  rude  cross,  is  the  sole  re- 
minder of  their  existence.  About  two  days'  travel 
northwest  of  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  and  an  hour  before 
reaching  Boborigame,  we  came  upon  a  mound  in  the 
forest — a  very  large  one.  It  was  about  20  feet  long, 
10  feet  wide  at  the  base  and  5  feet  high.  A  neat  cross 
marked  the  head.  In  this  pile  of  rock  thirteen  ban- 
dits were  buried — an  entire  band,  who  twelve '  or  fif- 
teen years  ago  infested  this  section,  killing  and  rob- 
bing travelers  on  the  trail.  The  rurales  surrounded 
and  killed  every  one  of  them,  then  buried  them  in  this 
decent  way  and  placed  a  neat  cross  at  the  head  of 
their  tomb  for  the  repose  of  their  souls.  So  rigorous 
are  the  Mexican  officials  in  dealing  with  this  class  of 
criminals  that  it  is  doubtful  if  there  is  an  organized 
band  of  bandits  in  Mexico.  Certainly  there  is  not  in 
this  section.  The  crimes  of  murder  and  robbery  on 
the  trail  or  highway  are  rare.  Nevertheless,  every 
one  travels  armed,  although  the  necessity  does  not 
seem  apparent.  It  is,  however,  the  custom  of  the 
country,  and  possibly  one  would  receive  less  consid- 
eration and  not  be  so  safe  if  he  traveled  unarmed. 

Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  is  a  town  of  2000  or  3000  peo-  | 
pie,  and  thorougblv  Mexican  in  its  architecture  and  | 
characteristics.  One  of  the  accompanying  illustra- 
tions is  a  street  scene  in  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo.  The 
houses  are  generally  of  adobe  and  one  story  in  height 
The  streets  are  very  Earrow  and  paved  with  cobble- 
stones No  vehicles  ever  pass  through  them,  as  a'l 
the  traffic  is  done  on  pack  animals.  The  principal 
store,  that  of  Don  Tiburcio  Garcia,  is  a  fine  building 
of  t«m  stories,  which  also  includes  his  well-furnished 
residence.  A  large  stock  of  merchandise  is  carried, 
emhrncing  about  everything  that  is  likely  to  br 
needed  in  the  country  Dim  Tiburcio  has  also  built  a 
two-story  hotel — the  Hotel  Mina — in  anticipation  of  a 
considerable  American  and  European  patronage;  but, 
thus  far  there  have  not  been  a  sufficient  number  of 
patrons  to  justify  its  being  kept  open.  The  to»n 
was  built  between  ]835  and  1840  as  a  result  of  the 
leasing  by  an  English  company  of  the  Eosario  mine, 
which  was  discovered  in  1835.  It  was  constructed  on 
the  hacienda  of  the  English  company  for  the  accom- 
modation of  its  employes.  The  company  also  obtained 
a  concession  from  the  Mexican  Government  to  erect 
a  mint  to  coin  the  production  of  the  mine.  This  mint 
has  not  been  in  operation  since  1848,  but  its  massive 
walls  are  still  for  the  most  part  intact.  (See  illus- 
tration.) The  English  company  had  a  cannon  as  part 
of  their  equipment  and  mounted  it  so  that  the  ma  n 
streets  of  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  could  be  raked  with 
grape  and  cannister  at  any  time.  This  was  during 
revolutionary  times  ;  but  it  is  said  that  during  the 
occupancy  of  the  English  company  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo  was  always  a  quiet  and  peaceable  town.  The 
Eosario,  which  is  a  gold  mine,  has  been  worked  in  a 
small  way  only  during  the  past  fifty  years.  It  is  re- 
ported to  have  been  sold  recently  to  a  son  of  W.  A. 
Clark  of  Montana.  The  only  other  mine  of  import- 
ance at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  is  the  Independencia,  be- 
longing to  Don  Tiburcio  Garcia,  which  runs  inter- 
mittently. 

California  at  the  St.  Louis  Exposition. 

In  view  of  the  desirability  of  making  a  representa- 
tive exhibit  of  the  resources  of  California  at  the  St. 
Louis  Exposition,  L.  E.  Aubury,  State  Mineralogist 
of  that  State,  has  appointed  collectors,  who  are  now  | 
at  work  securing  specimens  of  ores,  minerals  and 
rocks  for  this  exhibit.  It  is  the  intention  to  in  this 
manner  secure  an  exhibit  of  that  State's  mineral  re- 
sources which  will  be  a  duplicate  of  that  now  on  ex- 
hibition at  the  State  Mining  Bureau  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  to  use  this  new  collection  for  exhibition 
purposes  hereafter,  together  with  such  additions  as 
may  be  made  when  occasion  requires. 


Velocity  of  Objects  Floating  in  Water. 

Discussing  the  velocity  of  water  flowing  in  streams 
and  the  relative  velocity  of  objects  floating  in  or  on 
the  water,  G.  H.  Gibson  in  the  Electrical  Eeview 
says  in  part  as  follows  : 

Starting  with  the  river  bed,  which  for  the  sake  of 
simplicity  we  will  treat  as  a  rough  but  uniformly  in- 
clined plane,  water,  or  anything  that  is  placed  upon 
it,  will  move  downward  with  increasing  velocity  until 
the  frictional  resistance  to  motion  is  equal  to  the 
component  of  the  earth's  attraction  parallel  with  the 
surface  of  the  plane.  If  this  first  body  of  water  be 
treated  as  a  continually  running  sheet,  and  a  second 
sheet  be  superposed  on  the  first  sheet,  the  second 
sheet  will  reach  a  final  velocity  higher  than  that  of 
the  first,  because  it  is  sliding  upon  a  surface  itself  in 
motion  and  offering  less  frictional  resistance. 

This  argument  may  be  continued  until  we  have  any 
supposable  depth  of  water. 

If,  now,  an  object  be  placed  upon  the  stream,  we 
might  suppose  it  to  act  like  a  superposed  sheet  of 
water.  However,  if  it  projects  into  the  water  to 
any  depth,  as  a  solid  floating  object  would  do,  the 
upper  parts  would  be  in  contact  with  water  moving 
with  greater  velocity  than  the  water  below.  The 
deeper  water  will  naturally  retard  its  tendency  to 
float  as  fast  as,  or  faster  than,  the  water  near  the 
surface,  and  it  will  have  an  intermediate  velocity. 

It  might  be  possible  for  a  very  thin  floating  object 
— as  a  board,  for  instance — to  float  as  fast  or  nearly 
as  fast  as  the  surface  water,  and  considerably  faster 
than  the  water  at  a  depth.  On  the  other  hand,  since 
the  water  at  a  depth  would  move  more  slowly  than 
the  surface  water,  it  would  retard  deep  floating 
bodies,  and  bodies  of  different  shapes  would  have 
slightly  different  velocities. 

It  is  known  to  hydraulic  engineers  that  the  veloc- 
ity of  water  in  a  stream  increases  with  the  distance 
from  the  bed  and  banks.  It  is  impossible  to  conceive 
how  a  floating  body,  since  it  must  have  depth,  could 
float  faster  than  the  very  surface  of  the  water, 
which  is  in  no  way  tied  to  the  water  below  it. 


Transportation  in  Peru. 

In  the  high  Andes  mountains  of  Peru  the  develop- 
ment of  mines  by  modern  equipment  and  methods  is 
much  retarded  by  lack  of  transportation  facilities. 
In  Peru,  the  land  of  the  Incas,  who  built  up  and  ruled 
one  of  the  most  extensive  empires  known  to  the 
world's  history,  the  roads  as  constructed  and  main- 
tained by  them  are  described  by  the  Spaniards,  their 
conquerors,  under  Pizarro,  early  in  the  sixteenth 
century,  as  being  wonderful  pieces  of  engineering 
work.  These  splendid  highways  during  the  succeed- 
ing 400  years  have  received  little  or  no  attention, 


|» 


'*» 


Heavy  Mortar  on  Steel  Wagon  for  Transportation  in  Peru,  S.  A 


and  the  result  is  that  the  roads  leading  to  the  mines 
are  not  always  in  first-class  condition,  or,  in  fact,  much 
better  than  roads  in  the  mining  regions  of  the  United 
States,  if  as  good.  The  Chuquistambo  mines  of  Peru 
were  described  herein  May  30,  1903,  accompanied 
by  several  views  of  the  village,  mill,  mine,  etc.  The 
accompanying  engraving  shows  the  method  by  which 
the  heavy  mortars  of  the  mill  were  transported  into 
the  mountains.  The  vehicle  upon  which  the  mortar 
rides  is  of  steel  and  was  constructed  for  this  pur- 
pose. The  mill  of  the  Chuquistambo  mine  is  believed 
to  be  at  the  highest  altitude  of  any  gold  mill  in  the 
world — that  is,  a  mill  not  built  of  sectional  machin- 
ery. It  is  situated  at  an  altitude  of  12,000  feet  above 
sea  level,  the  greater  portion  of  the  timber  and 
machinery  used  in  its  construction  having  been  to  an 
altitude  of  15,655  feet  in  transit  from  the  coast. 


Use  of  Alkalies  in  the  Cyanide 
Process. 

Written  for  tbe  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 

EBNEST  G.  SWEETIiAND. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  the  use  of  certain  alkalies 
in  proper  amounts,  as  a  neutralizing  agent  to  over- 
come the  destructive  effects  of  the  acid  which  is 
usually  present  in  tailings,  is  a  very  important  factor 
in  the  successful  application  of  the  cyanide  process. 

The  alkalies  usually  employed  for  this  purpose  are 
lime,  or  the  hydroxide  of  potassium  or  sodium. 

The  amount  necessary  to  add  to  the  tailings  to 
produce  the  most  economical  working  results  is 
usually  determined  in  the  laboratory  by  one  of  two 
methods : 

The  first  is  to  extract  the  acid  from  a  weighed 
quantity    of    ore    with   water   and    titrate    with  a 
N 
rr  solution  of  potassium  or  sodium  hydroxide,  and 

from    the    results    obtained    calculate    the    amount 
necessary  per  ton  of  ore. 

The  second  is  to  determine  what  amount  of  alkali 
will  be  most  effective  by  making  several  trials  in  the 
laboratory,  using,  a  different  amount  of  alkali  in  each 
case. 

I  do  not  think  the  first  method  is  to  be  preferred, 
as  in  many  cases  an  amount  of  alkali  in  excess  of 
that  which  is  necessary  to  neutralize  the  acidity  of 
the  ore  will  effect  a  practical  saving  of  cyanide,  and 
the  amount  in  excess  which  produces  the  best  results 
can  best  be  determined  by  the  second  method.  How- 
ever, I  think  the  results  indicated  by  the  second 
method  are  in  general  higher  than  is  practical  on  a 
mill  scale  if  the  tests  are  made  with  a  new  cyanide 
solution,  and  if  these  results  were  strictly  adhered 
to  in  the  mill  the  protective  alkalinity  would  soon  be- 
come excessive. 

This  would  suggest  using  mill  solution  for  the  test 
rather  than  a  solution  which  had  never  been  used, 
and  in  that  case  I  think  the  results  would  be  still 
more  reliable  than  by  either  of  the  other  methods. 

In  this  connection  the  effect  of  the  alkali  on  the 
zinc  of  the  precipitation  boxes  should  be  considered, 
asthe  consumption  of  zinc  in  the  mill  will  depend 
greatly  on  the  alkalinity  of  the  solution. 

As  to  whether  the  best  results  are  obtained  by 
using  the  alkali  in  the  form  of  a  wash  previous  to 
cyanide  treatment,  or  by  adding  it  to  the  ore  as  it 
enters  the  vats  can  best  be  determined  by  experi- 
ment in  each  individual  case.  When  the  percolation 
process  is  employed  it  is  not  always  practicable  to 
use  a  preliminary  wash  on  account  of  the  extra  time 
which  is  consumed  by  so  doing;  particularly  if  the 
ore  is  of  a  slimy  character;  but  as  a  rule  less  cyanide 
is  consumed  when  this  method  is  practiced. 
In  considering  the  merits  of  the  different  alkalies 
as  neuraliziDg  agents  we 
find  that  in  general,  when 
the  ore  is  not  of  a  refracto- 
ry nature,  lime  is  the  most 
economical;  but  in  certain 
cases  where  the  solution  has 
a  tendency  to  become  fouled 
by  solution  of  soluble  salts 
of  iron  and  alumina  from 
the  tailings,  and  zinc  from 
the  precipitation  boxes, 
the  hydroxide  of  potassium 
or  sodium  possess  certain 
regenerative  properties 
which  should  not  be  lost 
sight  of. 

To  prove  this  I  took  a 
sample  of  a  mill  solution 
which  was  fouled  with  zinc, 
iron,  alumina  and  copper, 
which  tested  .035%  of  free 
cyanide.  Upon  the  addition 
of  a  small  amount  of  KOH 
a  gelatinous  precipitate  of 
the  hydroxide  of  these 
metals  was  formed,  which 
upon  analysis  proved  to  be 
principally  zinc,  but  also 
contained  appreciable 
quantities  of  iron,  alumina 
and  copper;  and  the  solu- 
tion after  the  removal  of 
the  precipitate  tested  .09% 
of  free  cyanide.  This  is  a  regeneration  of  .055%  KCy 
or  1.1  pound  of  potassium  cyanide  recovered  for  each 
ton  of  solution  treated.  The  reaction  which  took 
place,  considering  only  the  zinc,  I  think  was  as  folio w.s: 

ZnCy2KCy+2KOH=3KCy+Zn  (OH)3. 

This  suggests  a  method  by  which  fouled  mill  solu- 
tions might  be  put  in  a  better  working  condition  by 
either  adding  the  alkali  to  the  sumps  and  collecting 
the  precipitate  by  means  of  a  filter  press,  or  by  add- 
ing it  to  the  solution  before  it  enters  the  vat  and 
allowing  it  to  be  deposited  on  the  tailings  in  the  vats 
to  be  discharged  with  the  residues  later.  In  that 
case  it  should  be  added  as  near  the  end  of  treatment 
as  possible  so  as  to  give  it  the  least  chance  to  be  re- 
dissolved.  In  general  the  sooner  the  precipitate  is 
removed  from  the  solution  the  better,   as   at  least 


W3b£&. 

Si 


sip 


-w 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


53 


some  of  the  metals  precipitated  would  be  re- dissolved 
by  continued  contact  with  the  solution. 

The  weaker  the  solution  the  more  marked  would 
be  the  success  of  this  method. 

Possibly  where  lime  is  used  and  the  solution  has  a 
tendency  to  become  fouled  the  best  working  results 
could  be  obtained  by  occasionally  using  caustic 
potash  or  soda  for  a  short  period  instead  of  lime. 

As  the  use  of  the  correct  amount  of  the  proper 
neutralizing  agent  is  not  only  of  prime  importance  in 
keeping  the  cyanide  consumption  at  a  minimum,  but 
is  also  an  important  factor  to  the  successful  precipi- 
tation of  the  metals  in  the  zinc  boxes,  too  much  care 
cannot  be  exercised  in  keeping  the  alkalinity  of  the 
solution  properly  adjusted. 


Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South 
Wales.* 


degree  of  comfort,  and  also  to  do  a  fair  shift's  work, 
which  could  hardly  be  expected  in  a  hotstope  with  a 
constant  atmosphere  of  about  90°.  The  winzes  serve 
as  passes  or  chute6  through  which  the  filling  is  con- 
veyed from  the  upper  levels,  and,  by  a  succession  of 
chutes  and  winzes  from  the  surface,  is  deposited 
where  desired.  This  system  is  successful  in  the  Cen- 
tral mine,  for  the  mullock  or  waste  is  broken  in  a 
large  open  cut  on  the  surface  and  is  conveyed  in  side- 
tipping  trucks  of  capacity  of  one  cubic  yard,  drawn 
by  horses  through  a  tunnel,  then  discharged  into  a 
chute,  from  which,  by  a  series  of  winzes,  chutes,  etc., 
it  is  distributed  throughout  the  mine  where  required. 
The  winze  is  used  as  a  starting  place  or  face  from 
which  to  work  the  stope,  and,  after  the  ore  is  ex- 
tracted, say,  the  first  10  or  20  feet,  it  is  timbered  up 
closely  into  two  compartments,  as  shown  in  Fig.  4 
One  compartment  serves  as  a  chute  or  pass  for  the 
ore  to  the  sill  floor,  as  the  stope  works  upwards,  and 


succeeding  layer  gets  well  rammed  and  solidifies  before 
the  next  one  is  placed  on  it.  In  the  large  open  stopes 
in  the  Central  mine  almost  all  the  boring  is  done  by 
machine  drills  driven  by  compressed  air.  These  bring 
down  the  ore  in  large  pieces,  frequently  from  7  feet 
to  8  feet  by  about  2  feet  wide.  These  pieces  are  then 
bored  by  hammer  and  drill  and  popped  into  smaller 
sizes,  then  spawled  into  sizes — generally  less  than  1 
foot  long — for  throwing  down  the  chutes  and  removal 
in  the  trucks,  which  are  all  end-tipping  and  hold 
about  1600  pounds  of  broken  ore.  When  the  "  back  " 
or  top  portion  of  the  stope  is  "  heavy,"  or  seemsdan- 
gerous  and  likely  to  come  away,  bulkheads  are  built 
under  it.  These  consist  of  lOxlO-inch  timbers  placed 
at  right  angles  to  each  other,  one  above  the  other  and 
tightly  wedged.  (See  Fig.  4.)  When  bulkheads  are 
built  on  the  mullock  filling,  a  bed  of  10x4-inch  sollars 
is  first  laid  on  the  mullock  to  distribute  the  pressure 
over  as  large  area  as  possible;   then  the  first  10x10- 


NDMBER   II. 


Written  by  Eowin  K   Bejdmosi. 

The  term  underground  open-cut  system  may  at  first 
seem  erroneous  or  misleading,  as  the  term  open  cut 
is  generally  applied  to  excavations  from  the  surface 


—LONCJTUD/NAL     SECTfON- 

F  g.  4— T*1*  Underground  Open  Cut  Syitrm. 


Plan        shovino       bottom 

Fig    5  — Cross  S?cinn  ol   U  de'ground  Op^n  (  ut  Sysirm 


ft 


i  0  " 


-flUCD    AS     SHCMH    IN    SeCTION- 


it 


IjUfwrrmv. 


M 


Mi" 


ft 


Section  ofSfapt  m  — 

Courst  ofufork 


St  c/ ion  of  Stop*  cdfnp'tmtfd  — — 
*,.  tfparfW/y  fitted 


^WKB"  ; 

'i  OrJ.nttJ&aH*  i    '  I 

r'iiw/.-.Cvl 


^ 


Transverse    Section  - 


n 


7SrJr/n6tn  t'f 


51 


Fig.  7- 
■  Sroping      in  Horizon?*/  Layers    — 
Adopted     in      Hard    Ground 


Lope 


■Plan  of  Sill  Floor 

Fig.  6. 

downwards,  but  the  above  name  is  that  generally 
given  by  the  miners  to  the  large  stopes  which  are 
worked  under  this  system.  A  comparison  of  Figs.  4, 
5  and  6  with  Fig.  3  shows  the  great  difference;     The 


WMmmm 


the  other  compartment  as  a  ladderway  and  means  of 
ingress  and  exit  for  the  miners  and  others  to  the 
upper  workings  of  the  stope.  The  sides  of  the  initial 
drives  on  the  sill  floor  are  extended  to  the  desired 


drives  are  first  run  along  the  foot  and  hanging  walls,  |  width  along  the  lode,  and  thus  the  stope  is  formed  on 
and  then  through  the  ore  body.  From  the  upper  1  the  sill  floor,  the  sill  timbers  placed  in  position  and 
levels  winzes  are  sunk  and  crosscuts  driven  at  con-    then  filled  up.     On  top  of  these  timbers  the  bedding 


venient  intervals.  The  winzes  serve  several  import- 
ant purposes.  They  ensure  a  complete  and  lasting 
ventilation  to  the  stopes  during  their  upward  way  by 
carrying  off  all  noxious  gases  as  they  form  on  the 
lower  workings  or  are  given  off  by  the  sulphide  ore, 
and  thus  enable  the  miners   to  work  with  a  greater 

*  Trans.  Aus.  Inst.  Min.  Eni? .  (condensed) . 


for  the  filling  is  placed,  as  shown  in  the  section,  Fig.  5, 
being  lOxlO-inch  and  10x3-inch  timbers,  arranged  to 
carry  the  burden.  Above  these  "sollars,"  as  they 
are  called,  the  only  timbering  is  that  of  the  chute  and 
ladderway,  all  other  spaces  being  filled  in  with  mul- 
lock from  wall  to  wall,  as  indicated,  which  is  placed 
in  layers  of  7  feet  to  12  feet.  As  the  broken  ore  falls 
and  the  traffic  also  is  all  the  on  mullock  filling,  each 


Longirudinsl     Sccr/on 


inch  timbers  forming  the  bulkhead  are  laid  trans- 
versely across  the  sollars.  These  timbers  are  after- 
wards removed,  the  burden  shot  down  and  the  same 
timbers  used  over  and  over  again. 

Sloping  Stope  System  — A  somewhat  similar  modi- 
fication of  the  same  system,  called  the  "  sloping  stope 
system,"  is  shown  in 'Figs.  7,  8  and  9.  This  method 
is  extensively  used  on  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary 
mine,  and  I  am  indebted  to  E.  J.  Horwood,  C.  E., 
mining  manager,  for  permission  to  copy  his  drawings 
showing  this  system.  In  many  instances  the  same 
description  will  apply  as  in  the  foregoing  notes  on 
underground  open-cut  stoping,  viz.,  the  levels  on  the 
sill  floors  are  first  formed,  taking  notice  that  the 
width  of  the  stope  depends  on  the  nature  of  the  ore 


54 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25, 1903. 


to  be  mined,  or  its  ability  to  support  itself  by  leaving 
the  back  in  the  form  of  an  arch;  the  whole  stope  when 
formed  is  somewhat  in  shape  like  an  isosceles  triangle, 
of  which  the  level  or  sill  floor  forms  the  base  and  the 
winze  the  apex;  also,  the  winze  (as  before)  is  sunk 
from  the  level  above,  and  the  stope  is  started  from 
the  winze,  as  in  the  other  open-cut  system,  while  the 
winze  serves  the  same  purpose  for  ventilating  and  as 
a  pass  for  the  mullock  filling  into  the  stope,  also 
chute  for  the  ore  to  the  sill  floor.  The  great  differ- 
ence is  that  the  stope  slopes  laterally  to  each  side, 
instead  of  going  up  with  a  level  or  even  floor,  and  as 
these  sides  rise  with  the  stope,  provision  must  be 
made  for  preventing  the  mullock  filling  from  running 
into  the  adjoining  stope  when  it  rises;  this  is  done  by 
placing  vertically  at  the  sides  of  the  stope,  about  5 
feet  apart,  10x4-inch  stringers,  which  overlap  at  the 
ends,  and  are  then  covered  with  10x2-inch  planks 
placed  horizontally  against  the  face  of  the  ore.  These 
may  be  removed  and  used  over  and  over  again.  When 
the  adjoining  stope  is  afterwards  being  worked,  the 
stoping  advances  forward  from  5  to  8  feet  at  a  time, 
and  from  8  to  12  feet  upwards.  The  advantage 
of  these  sloping  sides  is  that  the  broken  ore  falls  on 
10x4-inch  sollar  boards  placed  on  the  incline  plane  of 
the  mullock,  and  thus  rolls  to  the  chutes  at  the  sides 
without  further  handling,  excepting,  of  course,  the 
large  pieces,  which  require  hand  boring,  popping  and 
spawling,  as  before  mentioned.  It  will  be  noticed  on 
referring  to  Fig.  7  that  the  stope  is  filled  in  with  mul- 
lock to  within  2  or  3  feet  of  the  back,  and  the  stope  is 
always  worked  downwards,  starting  from  the  winze; 
but,  if  the  back  is  heavy  or  faulty,  it  is  secured  by 
lOxlO-inch  legs  resting  on  the  sollars  (or  on  bed  logs 
left  in  the  mullock),  or  at  right  angles  to  the  sollars 
and  also  to  the  back,  as  they  are  nearly  parallel; 
these  are  tightly  wedged  and  blocked   and  only  re- 


Section     of    Stope 

-— — .on    'the      Square    Set    System. 

Fig.  9. 

moved  as  the  ground  is  taken  out.  When  the  stope 
is  about  9  feet  high  the  sollars  are  taken  up  and 
stored  aside  for  further  use.  The  stope  is  mullocked 
up  again  to  within  2  or  3  feet  of  the  back,  when  the 
chutes  are  again  built  up  a  proportional  height  and 
the  sollars  replaced  on  the  mullock,  the  sloping  pro- 
cess, as  before,  taking  another  slice  from  the  back, 
also  starting  from  the  winze  downwards.  The  Broken 
Hill  Proprietary  Co.  has  of  late  years  been  adopting 
a  modification  of  the  square  set  system  in  working 
these  "sloping  ores "  by  timbering  up  the  middle  of 
the  stopes  with  square  sets,  which  are  filled  with 
mullock  as  the  work  proceeds;  but  as  the  back — or 
working  face  in  this  instance — is  sloping  as  in  the  last 
mentioned  method,  each  successive  floor  of  sets  stands 
back  one  or  in  such  manner  that  the  outside  faces  of 
the  sets  follow  as  nearly  as  possible  the  same  angle  of 
inclination  or  inclined  plane  as  the  face  of  the  ore 
body. 

In  this  way  the  miners  are  always  within  a  safe 
distance  of  working  and  examining  the  face  and 
back  of  the  workings,  and  all  the  favorable  points  of 
the  other  adaptation  of  the  sloping  stope  system  ap- 
ply to  this  system,  with  the  advantage  that  the 
miners  have  a  good  footing  on  the  set  timbers,  and 
the  great  convenience  offered  for  the  despatch  of  the 
ore  through  the  chutes  constructed  in  the  square  sets. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Values  in  Sluice  Concentrates. 

J.  B.  Hobson,  manager  of  the  Consolidated  Cariboo 
Hydraulic  Mines  at  Bullion,  writes  in  the  Mining 
Record:  "  I  send  you  herewith  copy  of  analysis  of  a 
sample  of  heavy  sand,  sulphurets  and  other  concen- 
trates obtained  after  cleaning  up  the  sluices  at  the 
Consolidated  Cariboo  hydraulic  mine.  Having  made 
qualitative  tests  before  sending  the  sample  to  the 
assayer,  I  found  indications  of  the  presence  of  pal- 
ladium. I  do  not  remember  of  having  noted  any  re- 
port of  the  presence  of  palladium  in  any  of  the  assays 
of  concentrates  from  the  auriferous  alluvials  of  Brit- 
ish Columbia;  and  it  might  be  well  for  those  operat- 
ing alluvial  mines  to  have  their  concentrates  care- 
fully examined  for  the  presence  of  this  metal— which 
belongs  to  the   '  platinum  -  osmium  -  iridium '   group 


and  possesses  a  commercial  value  higher  than  that 
of  platinum." 

COMMERCIAL  VALUE  OF  SLUICE  CONCENTRATES. 

Ounces  Per  Ton     Value  Value 

Metal.                    of  2000  Lbs.    Per  Ounce.  Per  Ton. 

Gold 147.51           $17.00  $2,507.67 

Silver 138.34                 .50  69.17 

Palladium 46.55             19.00  884.45 

Platinum 15.12             16.25  245.70 

Osmiridlum 4.73             29.00  137.17 

Copper,  14.30%  (wet),  10c.  per  pound.  28.60 

Total  value  per  ton $3, 872 .  76 


Leaching  Siliceous  Copper  Ores  With 
Acids  as  Solvents. 


It  is  only  within  the  last  few  years  that  the  discov- 
ery of  large  deposits  of  comparatively  low-grade 
siliceous  copper  ores  has  occurred  in  suitable  quanti- 
ties to  warrant  the  erection  of  plants  for  working 
same.  In  some  cases  the  distance  of  these  deposits 
from  an  easily  accessible  source  of  flux  supply,  and 
in  others  the  low  grade  of  ore,  has  led  to  many  ex- 
periments for  the  purpose  of  extracting  values  by 
leaching  with  sulphuric  acid. 

The  process,  as  a  commercial  proposition,  is  in  its 
infancy.  Numerous  patented  processes  for  leaching 
copper  ores  with  varied  mechanical  devices  for  the 
utilization  of  sulphurous  acid  and  sulphuric  acid  have 
been  presented.  The  former  of  these  two  acids  has 
been  the  more  extensively  used,  but  owing  to  the 
large  consumption  of  iron  in  the  process  of  precipita- 
tion, after  treatment,  and  also  owing  to  the  difficulty 
in  obtaining  a  thorough  washing  of  the  pulps  to  free 
them  from  the  weak  acid  solutions,  and  the  loss  of 
acid  necessarily  occasioned  thereby,  these  experi- 
ments have  not  heretofore  been  thoroughly  success- 
ful. 

The  use  of  sulphurous  acid  obtained  from  the  com- 
bustion of  pyrite  is  theoretically  much  cheaper, 
owing  to  its  readily  solvent  qualities  upon  the  metal, 
and  the  cheaper  methods  of  precipitation  that  can 
be  used.  But,  heretofore,  no  readily  and  commer- 
cially usable  device  has  been  devised  for  the  employ- 
ment of  this  extremely  volatile  acid.  That  is  to  say, 
many  schemes  have  been  placed  before  the  public  for 
the  utilization  of  the  latter,  but  none  of  them  have 
proven  such  a  commercial  success  as  to  warrant 
their  extensive  use. 

The  value  of  any  chemical  oxidizing  agent  in  con- 
junction with  a  dissolving  acid  on  ores  containing  a 
low  percentage  of  sulphur  is  somewhat  problem- 
atical, as  it  may  be  a  question  whether  the  use  of 
potassium  permanganate,  or  other  oxidizing  agents, 
have  been  really  effectual  in  their  action. 

In  any  case,  the  practical  outcome  of  all  experi- 
ments so  far  seems  to  have  demonstrated  the  fact 
that  the  attainment  of  an  oxide  from  a  low-grade 
sulphuretic  copper  ore  by  means  of  any  chemical 
oxidizing  agent,  is  more  or  less  hypothetical,  and 
what  would  in  one  case  be  suitable  to  one  ore,  would 
be  absolutely  ineffectual  on  another. 

The  field  for  the  practical  and  commercial  exploita- 
tion of  the  process  seems  to  be  narrowed  down  to 
the  following:  The  pulverization  of  the  ore  to  30  or 
40  mesh.  The  classification  of  the  pulp  into  two 
grades,  namely  "coarse "  and  "slimes."  The  direct 
leaching  of  the  "  coarse  "  in  percolation  vats  under 
lengthy  periods  of  contact,  and  the  draining  of  the 
solutions  from  the  vats  by  natural  gravitation.  The 
treatment  of  "slimes"  by  some  method  of  forced 
filtration,  whereby  the  solvents  are  passed  through 
the  pulp  in  such  a  manner  as  to  obtain  a  thorough 
permeation  of  the  whole  of  the  bulk.  The  separation 
and  washing  of  the  solutions  from  the  pulps  so  as  to 
obtain  a  thorough  extraction  and  a  precipitation  of 
values  therefrom  by  means  of  iron  or  lime. 

The  latter  method  of  precipitation  is  at  present 
only  used  in  the  districts  where  limestone  occurs 
with  or  near  the  copper  deposits. 

The  extraction  of  values  from  cyanide  potassium 
solutions  containing  gold  and  silver  values  by  means 
of  filter  presses  is  familiar,  and  a  somewhat  similar 
method  is  advocated  in  the  extraction  of  values  and 
the  washing  of  the  acids  from  the  slimes  in  the  treat- 
ment of  copper  ores. 

Taking  the  following  as  the  method  employed  for 
the  preliminary  application  of  the  solvents  and  the 
pulps:  The  classification  of  "  coarse  "  from  "  slimes." 
The  treatment  of  slimes  in  circular  cone-bottomed 
vats,  wherein  an  agitation  of  the  pulps  is  obtained 
by  means  of  pump  circulation  in  which  the  mass  is 
taken  from  the  bottom  of  the  vat  and  constantly  cir- 
culated again  at  the  top  in  the  presence  of  the 
solvent.  The  separation  of  the  solvents  from  the 
pulps  and  the  washing  of  the  latter  free  from  all 
trace  of  the  solvent  by  natural  subsidence  or  gravi- 
tation or  by  filtration. 

There  is  at  present  no  means  of  efficiently  displac- 
ing the  whole  of  the  solvent  used  in  the  extraction  of 
values  from  any  ores  by  any  of  the  known  methods  of 
gravitation  or  natural  subsidence.  The  only  efficient 
method  for  so  doing  is  by  an  urged  or  forced  method 
of  filtration.     That  is  to  say,  any  process  of  displace- 


ment by  wash  waters,  of  the  solvent  contained  in  a 
mass  of  pulp  non-homogeneous  in  character,  and 
possessing  little  uniformity  or  compactness,  such  as 
takes  place  in  the  open  vat,  is  practically  impossible, 
owing  to  the  non-uniformity,  unpermeability  and  non- 
homogeneity  of  the  pulps. 

The  filter  press  method  of  extraction  as  applied  to 
gold  ores  is  equally  applicable  to  the  extraction  of 
solvents  from  copper  ores,  and  the  method  recom- 
mended is  as  follows: 

After  the  application  of  the  solvent  to  the  slimes, 
and  when  a  thorough  dissolution  of  values  is  obtained, 
there  is  in  the  vat  a  certain  portion  of  solids  contain- 
ing little  or  no  values  that  were  heretofore  com- 
ponent parts  of  the  solids. 

p  The  whole  of  this  pulp  may  now  be  forced  or  grav- 
itated into  a  pressure  tank  and  thence  into  the  filter 
press.  Seventy-five  per  cent  of  the  solutions  are  ex- 
tracted in  the  process  of  filling  the  press,  leaving 
25%  in  the  cakes. 

Charges  of  wash  water  are  then  passed  through 
the  cakes,  which  will  come  out  at  the  common  eflux 
valve  or  from  the  separate  valve  on  each  filter 
frame,  and  this  process  may  be  continued  until  the 
liquids  coming  from  the  press  show  no  sign  of  acid. 
_  The  solutions  are  passed  direct  to  the  precipita- 
tion vats.  By  this  means  the  whole  of  the  solvents 
containing  values  are  extracted  from  the  pulps  and 
taken  direct  to  the  precipitation  tanks  and  the 
solvents  thence  taken  to  the  percolation  vats,  made 
up  to  requisite  strength  and  reused. 

The  filter  press,  as  constructed  by  the  American 
Filter  Press  Extraction  Co.,  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  of 
iron  throughout,  with  the  exception  of  the  valves, 
which  are  of  copper.  The  iron  frames  and  plates, 
which  come  in  contact  with  the  acid,  are  coated  with 
asphaltum,  applied  hot  and  burnt  in.  The  channels 
for  the  conveyance  of  the  pulps,  and  subject  to  fric- 
tion, are  lined  with  lead,  and  the  machine  throughout 
devised  to  withstand  the  chemical  erosion,  etc.,  that 
is  inseparable  from  the  use  of  strong  acids. 

The  pressure  tank  (or  monteju)  should  be  con- 
structed of  iron  (lead  lined),  copper  or  wood.  The 
latter  method  is  preferable,  with  a  lead-lined  iron 
hopper  bottom. 

Cost  of  Mining  and  Reducing  Ores,  New  York  &  Nevada 
Copper  Co.,  Ely,  Nev.* 

Compiled  by  S.  W.  Tbaylor. 

The  following  estimate  on  cost  of  mining  and  reduc- 
tion of  the  ores  of  the  New  York  &  Nevada  Cop- 
per Co.  refers  particularly  to  cost  of  smelting  in 
blast  furnaces  : 


o 

B  £. 

-     Dj 

WE 
o& 
no 

BCrq 


H 

o 

D 


CONCENTRATING  ORE. 


Mining 1,000 

Transportation 1, 000 

Concentration 1,000 

Smelting 1,000 

Converting 1,000 

Refining 1,000 

Freight  and  commission 1, 000 

Depreciation  and  managem't.  1,000 


1.00 
.125 
.300 
.360 
.258 
.355 
.496 
.200 


p-3 

•O  9 

a  2. 


Cts. 
$1,000  2.12 
125  .26 
300 
360 
258 
355 


63 
.76 
.56 
.75 
496  1.05 
200       .42 


1,000    $3,094    $3,094    6.54 


In  smelting  the  concentrate  product  an  additional 
loss  of  5%  is  figured,  which  would  show  the  net 
amount  of  copper  accruing  from  the  1000  tons  of  con- 
centrating ore  to  be : 

47,310  pounds,  at  13  cents  per  pound $6,150  30 

cost  of  production 3,094  00 


SMELTING    ORE. 


Mining 600  10.750 

Transportation 600  .125 

Smelting 600  2.500 

Converting 600  .258 

Refining 600  .355 

Freight  and  CommlBBlon...  600  .496 

Depreciat'n  and  managem't.  600  .150 


B    450.00 

75.00 

1,600.00 

154.70 

213.00 

297.60 

90.00 


Q    CO 


s  * 
S  *■ 


Cts. 

1.17 
.19 

3.90 
.40 
.55 
.77 
.24 


600    $4,634    $2,780.20    7.22 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


55 


Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 


PATENTS  ISSUED  JULY  14.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  mining  AND  SCIEN 
TIFIO  PRESS. 


Roasting  Furnace  —  No.  733,658;    F.   Klepetko, 
New  York,  N.  Y. 


In  furnace  having  plurality  hearths,  rotatable  hol- 
low shaft  passing  through  hearths,  series  hollow 
arms  radiating  from  shaft,  and  extending  into  sev- 
eral hearths,  inner  stationary  water  -  feed  pipe 
located  within  shaft,  series  distributing  pipes  located 
within  and  communicating  with  interior  hollow  arms 
freely  rotating  therewith  about  feed  pipe,  latter  dis- 
charging water  through  peripheral  walls  into  inner 
ends  of  distributing  pipes,  whereby  same  is  caused  to 
circulate  through  arms  and  hollow  shaft  to  point  ad- 
jacent to  feed  end  of  feed  pipe. 


Filtering  Press  ■ 
Germany. 


-No.  733,663;  V.  Lapp,  Leipzig, 


In  filtering  press,  combination  with  set  of  trays, 
another  set  of  trays,  trays  of  one  set  alternating 
with  those  of  other,  and  filtering  cloths  located  be- 
tween various  trays,  each  tray  having  sloping  lower 
portion,  upper  elongation  forming  portion  of  chan- 
nel, and  lower  elongation  forming  portion  of  two 
channels;  trays  of  one  set  communicating  with  upper 
channel  and  at  bottom  with  one  of  lower  ones,  trays 
of  other  set  communicating  at  bottoms  with  other  of 
lower  channels.  _ 

Safety  Chair  for  Mining  Cages. — No.  733,907; 
H.  Hanson,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  and  F.  L.  Dwight, 
Bisbee,  Ariz. 


In  safety  devices  operating  between  shafts  mines 
and  buildings,  cages  provided  with  hangers  having 
guides  on  outer  faces,  guide-posts,  cable  for  suspend- 


ing cage,  hand  lever  pivoted  to  one  of  hangers,  pit- 
man-rod pivoted  one  end  hand-lever  and  opposite 
end  to  crank  arm,  cage  provided  with  platform  hav- 
ing slots  in  rear  end  thereof,  oscillating  rods  jour- 
naled  within  downward  perforated  lateral  flanges  of 
platform,  oscillating  rods  carrying  legs  fastened 
thereto,  one  leg  projecting  upward  through  one  slot 
in  platform,  connecting-rod  pivotally  connected  at 
end  thereof  to  upwardly  projecting  end  of  leg,  oppo- 
site end  connecting-rod  pivotally  connected  near 
lower  end  of  one  of  front  legs,  whereby  all  legs 
simultaneously  thrown  in  contact  with  frame  and 
cage  caused  rest  temporarily  at  predetermined  sta- 
tion. 

Partition  Plug  for  Oil  Wells .—  No.  733,492;  C. 
S.  Little,  Montpelier,  Ind. 


Device  isolating  different  portions  of  oil  well  from 
each  other  consisting  of  partition  plug  adapted  to 
bear  against  wall  of  well  and  provided  with  anchor 
or  support  for  sustaining  same  at  proper  height  in 

well.  

Process  of  Extracting  Precious  Metals  from 
Their  Ores.— No.  733,859;  J.  W.  Maxwell  and  J.  W. 
Sawyer,  Louisville,  Ky. 


In  process  of  extracting  precious  metals  and  other 
values  from  ores,  extracting  metalloids;  removing 
them  from  ore  and  ore  treating  receptacle;  by  treat- 
ing powdered  ore  with  heat,  chloride  of  sodium,  i  oxy- 
gen, nascent  chlorine,  current  of  chlorine  gas;  vola- 
tilizing metalloids;  carrying  volatilized  metalloids, 
and  metalloid  compounds  and  metallic  chlorides  pro- 
duced by  treatment,  out  of  ore  and  ore  treating  re- 
ceptacle, by  passing  rapid  current  of  chlorine  gas, 
under  superatmospheric  pressure,  through  ore  and 
ore  treating  receptacle;  collecting,  condensing  them; 
collecting,  storing  for  reuse  excess  of  chlorine  gas 
used;  treating  powdered  ore  with  rapid  current  of 
chlorine  gas,  under  pressure,  at  temperature  of  360° 
Fahrenheit,  raising  it  slowly  to  755°  Fahrenheit, 
maintaining  higher  degree,  continuing  rapid  current 
of  chlorine  gas,  under  pressure,  for  one  to  three 
hours,  according  to  nature  of  ore;  then  treating 
powdered  ore  at  temperature  of  755°  Fahrenheit, 
with  current  of  hot  hydrogen  gas  and  superheated 
steam  for  one-half  hour,  remove  base  metal  com- 
pounds, or  chloride  of  silver,  deposited  as  film  on 
precious  metals  before,  or  during  previous  treat- 
ment; to  remove  excess  of  chlorine  gas  used  in  pre- 
vious treatment;  prepare  powdered  ore  for  further 
treatment;  treating  powdered  ore  with  hot  vapor  of 
mercury,  under  superatmospheric  pressure,  one-half 
hour  to  amalgamate  floured  gold;  prepare  coarse  gold 
for  treatment;  then  treating  powdered  ore  with  water 
holding  free  chlorine  in  solution;  whereby  base  metal 
chlorides  and  precious  metal  chlorides,  except  chlo- 
ride of  silver,  not  removed  by  previous  treatment, 
are  dissolved  and  removed  from   pulp  by  filtration; 


treating  filtrate  with  solution  of  sulphide  of  sodium; 
whereby  chloride  of  metals  in  solution  are  precipi- 
tated as  sulphides;  treating  pulp  with  solution  of 
hyposulphite  of  soda;  whereby  chloride  of  silver  is 
dissolved;  removing  chloride  of  silver  from  pulp  by 
filtration;  precipitating  from  filtrate  chloride  of  sil- 
ver with  solution  of  sulphide  of  sodium,  sulphide  of 
silver. 


Apparatus  for  Handling  Ores,  etc— No.  733,- 
647;  F.  K.  Hoover  and  A.  J.  Mason,  Kansas  City 
Mo. 


•1   :- 


In  plant  for  handling  ore  and  other  material,  com- 
bination unloading  devices  located  along  dock  or 
other  place  delivery,  stationary  temporary  recep- 
tacle within  reach  unloading  devices  adapted  receive 
cargo  of  vessel  or  other  carrier,  and  transfer  truss 
or  frame  equipped  with  carrying  devices  located  in- 
land receptacle  and  capable  reaching  every  part  of 
latter  and  serving  transfer  its  contents  inland  re- 
ceptacles. 

Process  of  Making  Litharge— No.  733,896;  J. 
W.  Bailey,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 


Process  of  making  litharge  which  consists  subject- 
ing metallic  lead  to  flame  of  hydrocarbon  fuel  atom- 
ized by  jet  steam.        

Process  of  Smelting  Metals  and  Metal  Com- 
pounds.—No.  733,578;  6.  Egly,  Charlottenburg, 
Germany. 


Process  of  smelting  metals  consisting  in  smelting 
same  in  electric  furnace,  lower  carbon  electrode 
which  is  covered  by  scoria  possessing  sufficient  con- 
ductivity and  remaining  solid  or  nearly  solid  at  tem- 
perature at  which  smelting  process  takes  place. 


56 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

G.  Mitchell  reports  having  taken  up  his 
options  on  the  Simenstad  and  Conley-Lit- 
tle  groups  of  claims  on  Galena  Bay,  and 
signed  a  two-years'  lease  and  hond  on  the 
Blei  property.  The  option  on  the  Glad- 
haugh  mine  Ib  not  yet  closed,  pending 
further  negotiations.  He  expects  to  be- 
gin development  work  this  season  on 
these  groups  and  also  on  the  Bell  &  Gil- 
neau  groups  in  Copper  River  district, 
near  Valdez. 

The  Nowell  hydraulic  plant  in  Silver- 
bow  basin,  near  Juneau,  has  started  up. 
Another  pipe  line  will  be  built  and  an  ad- 
ditional giant  put  in. 

The  Spokane-Alaska  Oil  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  at  Spokane,  Wash.,  to  drill 
for  oil  in  Washington  and  Alaska,  by  J. 
A.  Pinch,  M.  J.  Sinclair  and  C.  Hussey. 

The  De  Soto  Placer  M.  Co.,  owning 
ground  in  Council  City  district,  are  put- 
ting in  a  dredger  and  other  machinery, 
says  President  De  Soto.  The  dredger 
will  be  used  on  the  company's  claims  on 
the  Neukluk,  and  has  a  capacity  of  10,000 
yards  per  day. 


ARIZONA. 


COCHISE  COUNTY. 


The  Postmaster  mine  and  Oriental  mil), 
near  Bisbee,  will  start  up  for  a  steady  run 
next  week,  says  the  Review. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Wick- 
enburg  smelter  will  be  blown  in  in  a  few 
days.  The  mines  of  the  district  furnish 
all  the  ore  that  can  be  used. 

It  is  reported  that  one  of  the  deposits 
of  bismuth  ore  in  this  county  is  to  be 
worked. 

It  is  reported  that  the  stamp  mill  re- 
cently erected  at  Buckeye  by  Burson  & 
Langley  is  in  operation. 

J.  K.  Murphy,  of  the  Black  Rock  mine, 
near  Wickenburg,  is  preparing  for  a  ship- 
ment of  mining  machinery  which  will  ar- 
rive at  Wickenburg  in  a  few  days. 

Wickenburg,  July  20. 

C.  P.  Goddard  of  the  Goddard  M.  Co., 
operating  a  group  2J  miles  from  Wicken- 
burg, says  preparations  are  being  made  to 
put  machinery  on  the  Daniel  Webster 
claim  and  sinking  will  begin  by  Sept.  1. 

The  QuiBhenberry  mine,  on  Castle 
creek,  near  Wickenburg,  will  be  reopened 
by  J.  H.  Aaggard  with  Phoenix  men. 

MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

Work  will  be  started  on  the  Maguire 
mine,  near  Kingman,  recently  taken  over 
by  E.  R  Holden  &  Co.  of  New  York. 
Water  for  a  plant  has  already  been  devel- 
oped and  machinery  will  be  put  in. At 

the  Treasure  Hill  mines  a  whim  has  been 
put  in,  the  intention  being  to  sink  the 
shaft  to  depth  of  200  feet.  At  the  200 
level  crosscuts  will  be  run  to  the  Diction- 
ary and  Time  Check.  L.  M.  Teal  is  su- 
perintendent.   Sinking    on    the   Gold 

Road  mineB,  near  Kingman,  will  be  re- 
sumed. A  30  H.  P.  gasoline  hoist  will  be 
put  on  the  100-foot  level  to  carry  the  shaft 
below  that  point. 

PINAL  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— Superinten- 
dent J.  H.  Pratt,  of  the  company  operat- 
ing the  Golden  PiBsure  group  of  claims, 
near  Florence,  says  more  men  are  being 
put  on  and  development  work  increased. 

Florence,  July  20. 

SANTA  CRUZ  COUNTY. 

L.  A.  Teague,  C.  W.  Hibbard  and 
C.  O'B.  Reddin  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  are 
reported  to  have  bought  an  interest  in  the 
mining  properties  of  G.  Schwab,  consist- 
ing of  two  groups,  4  miles  north  of  Cala- 
basas,  and  organized  the  Calletano  M.  & 
S.  Co.  Development  work  started  this 
week.  The  ore  values  are  in  silver,  cop- 
per and  gold. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  fire  in 
the  United  Verde  mine,  which  was  sup- 
posed to  have  been  extinguished  by  means 
of  carbonic  acid  gas  some  months  ago,  is 
still  burning  and  making  Increasing  head- 
way. It  Is  now  on  the  600-foot  level  and 
slowly  progressing  downward  toward  the 
700  level— the  bottom  of  the  mine.  If  the 
fire  were  confined  to  the  timbers,  there 
would  be  no  particular  difficulty  in  con- 
trolling and  eventually  extinguishing  the 
fire,  but  the  sulphide  ore  is  burning,  and 
it  discharges  great  volumes  of  sulphurous 
acid  and  carbon  dioxide,  and  cannot  be 
reached  by  any  other  way  than  flooding 
the  mine  with  water,  and  water  is  not 
available  for  this  purpose.  It  is  now 
thought   the   fire   can    never    be   extin- 


guished until  it  burns  Itself  out  for  lack  of 
combustible  material  (sulphur),  which  now 
keeps  it  going.  Mining  is  in  progress  in 
other  parts  of  the  mine. 

Jerome,  July  19. 

The  100-ton  mill  at  the  Iron  King  mine 
of  the  American  C.  Co.,  near  Val  Verde, 
23  miles  southeast  of  Prescott,  was  put  in 
operation  last  week. 

A  half  interest  in  the  Rosaline  group  of 
claims  on  Copper  creek,  owned  by  W. 
Nellis  and  J.  Mayer,  has  been  sold  to 
D.  N.  Bartholdi  of  Jerome,  who  will  start 
development  work  this  week. 

The  Josephine  M.  Co.  has  started  up 
work  on  the  Black  Lode  near  Pickereil's 
camp,  near  Jerome. Work  will  be  re- 
sumed on  the  Verde  Chief  mines  in  Black 
canyon,  near  Jerome. 

It  is  expected  the  Home  Run  mine  at 
Groom  Creek  will  be  in  operation  by 
August  15. 

D.  N.  Bartholdi  has  bought  a  half  inter- 
est in  the  Rosalie  group  of  claims  on  Cop- 
per creek,  south  of  Mayer. 

Superintendent  Tibbett  of  the  Pfau  G. 
M.  Co.,  operating  the  B  B  property  near 
Cherry  creek,  reports  work  progressing 
and  fourteen  men  working  three  shifts. 
A  gasoline  hoist  has  been  put  in. 

ARKANSAS. 


NEWTON  COUNTY. 

The  North  Arkansas  Land  Co  ,  of  Jas- 
per, has  been  Incorporated  with  J.  B. 
Moss,  W.  P.  Speare  and  B.  F.  Ruble  as 
officers. 

CALIFORNIA. 

ALAMEDA  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Newhall,  of  the  Phoenix 
quicksilver  mine,  southeast  of  Livermore, 
and  owned  by  A.  Hayward,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, reports  at  the  end  of  the  1200-foot 
tunnel  the  vein  was  struck,  showing  a 
thickness  of  47  feet.  The  ledge  was  again 
cut  in  driving  an  air  shaft  on  a  higher 
level.  One  oven  for  the  reduction  of  ore 
is  being  built.  More  brick  is  in  the  kilns 
for  the  second  one. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

At  the  Defender  mine,  F.  B.  Joyce, 
superintendent,  near  the  Mokelumne  river, 
in  Pioneer  district,  7  miles  from  Pine 
Grove,    the    10  -  stamp    mill    is    running 

steadily  on  high-grade  ore  ■ The  Grand 

Prize  mine  (the  Horn  &  Andrews  mine), 
near  Pioneer,  is  being  developed.  A  hoist 
has  been  put  in  and  a  shaft  is  being  sunk. 

It  is  down  100  feet. The  Tom  &  Dick 

mine,  adjoining  the  Defender,  which  has 
been  worked  at  intervals  for  a  few  years 
paBt,  will  be  operated  again,  work  begin- 
ning this  month,  says  Superintendent 
Turk.  The  6-atamp  mill  is  run  by  water 
power. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

The  starting  up  of  the  new  120- 
stamp  mill  of  the  Royal  Con.  M.  Co.  at 
Hodson  was  made  the  occasion  for  a  cele- 
bration on  the  21st  inst.  This  Is  the 
largest  Individual  mill  on  the  Pacific  coast 
outside  of  the  Treadwell  mines  in  Alaska. 
A  full  description  of  this  property  will  be 
found  In  the  issue  of  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press  of  May  23,  1903.  J. 
C.  Kemp  Van  Ee  is  manager,  and  the 
company  is  made  up  of  English  men. 

FRESNO  COUNTY. 
Bryner  &   Smith   have  drilling  opera- 
tions under  way  in  the  Devil's  Den  dis- 
trict, 20  miles  from  Coalinga. 

INYO  COUNTY. 

The  Anabarbara  Co.  at  Ballarat  started 

their   10-stamp    mill    last    week The 

Radcliff  mine  continues  working  twenty 
men.     They  are  running  one  shift  in  the 

mill. The  Cecil  R.  Co.  have  replaced 

their  steam  power  with  gasoline  and  are 
putting  In  a  30  H.  P.  gasoline  engine  for 

their  mill. Flint  Bros.,  owners  of  the 

Tuba  Canyon  mine,  are  cyaniding.  They 
expect  to  start  up  their  mill  September  1 
with  increased  capacity,  Bays  the  Rands- 
burg  Miner. The  Golden  Argus  Co.,  of 

Snow's  canyon,  have  let  a  contract  on 
their  tunnel  and  expect  to  start  up  their 

mill  by   September  1st. J.  C.  Cress  is 

putting  in  a  gasoline  engine  at  his  mill 
near  Ballarat  and  expects  to  start  up  next 
week. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

Pumping  oil  by  means  of  natural  gas 
from  the  well  is  the  latest  plan  of  opera- 
tions to  be  adopted  at  the  Kern  river  field 
near  Bakersfield.  Last  month  the  East 
Puente  Oil  Co.,  owned  by  San  Diego  men, 
put  In  such  a  plant  which  has  been  giving 
satisfaction,  and  this  week  the  Associated 
Oil  Co.  has  put  one  in  on  Its  Red  Bank 
lease  In  the  same  section.  The  gas  is 
allowed  to  flow  into  a  gasometer,  and  from 
this  it  is  supplied  to  the  engine. 

The  Standard  Oil  Co.'s  BakerBfield- 
Polnt  Richmond  (Contra  CoBta  county) 
pipe  line  is  in  operation,  oil  reaching  the 
refinery  tanks  at  Richmond  on  the  19th 
inst.  Now  that  the  line  is  in  working 
order,  the  company  proposes  to  enlarge 


Its  refining  plant  at  Point  Richmond. 
Additions  to  the  Btllls  and  retorts  will  be 
made.  There  are  700  men  at  present  at 
the  plant.  Two  tank  barges  are  loading 
oil  at  the  company's  wharf  for  foreign 
shipment.  The  pipe  line  is  350  miles  long, 
280  miles  on  the  main  run  and  70  miles  in 
branches.  On  the  main  line  the  pumping 
stations  are  10  miles  apart. 

Building  will  begin  next  week  on  the 
plant  of  the  Pacific  Smelting  Co.,  near 
Bakersfield.  The  surveys  have  been  made 
and  the  smelter  will  be  located  on  the  Mc- 
Kittrick  branch  of  the  Southern  Pacific. 
There  will  be  two  50-ton  furnaces. 

G.  Sanderson  has  a  lease  on  the  La 
Grange  claim,  in  Stringer  district,    near 

Rapdsburg. C.  Taylor,  S.    Tyler  and 

F.  Rose  have  a  lease  on  the  Mattie  mine 
and  are  stoping  on  the  165-foot  level  and 
running  a  drift  on  the  120-foot  level. 

The  Associated  Oil  Co.  is  starting  to 
drill  new  wells  in  both  the  McKittrlck  and 
Kern  River  fields.  The  408,000-barrel 
reservoir  at  Kern  river,  near  Bakersfield, 
is  completed,  and  work  is  being  pushed  on 
the  McKittrlck  reservoir. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  arrangements  are  being 
made  to  reopen  the  Thomas  (New  Eng- 
land) quartz  mine  on  Gold  Flat,  near  Ne- 
vada City,  owned  by  R.  C.  Walrath  of 
Nevada  City  and  the  estate  of  A.  Wal- 
rath. 

The  mill  at  the  Grey  Eagle  mine,  near 
Maybert,  is  again  in  operation,  after  a 
temporary  suspension  due  to  the  water 
supply  being  shut  off  by  a  break  in  the 
flume.  Superinten'dent  Kaler  reports  a 
new  body  of  ore  was  opened  last  week  in 
an  upraise  Btarted  150  feet  in  the  tunnel. 
The  ledge  is  14  feet  wide. 

The  F.  Brophy  placer  interests  on  Shady 
creek,  near  North  San  Juan,  have  been 
taken  over  by  R.  I.  Thomas  of  Nevada 
City  and  J.  A.  Yeatman  and  C.  L.  Miller 
of  San  Francisco.  A  centrifugal  gravel 
pump,  with  a  capacity  of  handling  100 
cubic  yards  of  gravel  per  hour,  and  other 
hydraulic  equipments,  will  be  put  in. 

At  the  Buckeye  mioe,  in  Willow  Val- 
ley district,  near  Nevada  City,  the  drain 
tunnel  Is  in  170  feet,  with  150  feet  more  to 
the  main  ledge.    A  10-stamp  mill  will  be 

built. A  compressor  is  being  set  up  at 

the   Sterling   mine. The  Lecompton 

mine  is  putting  in  an  additional  pumping 
rig  and  a  heavier  hoist,  says  Superinten- 
dent Nihell. H.  L.  Body  reports  work 

progressing  on  the  10-stamp  mill  that  is 
to  be  put  up  at  the  Posey. 

R.  I.  Thomas,  S.  M.  Cheyney,  W.  A. 
Palmer,  et  al.  have  bought  140  acres  of 
land  in  Penn  valley  along  Squirrel  creek, 
near  Grass  Valley,  which  will  be  used  for 
dredge  mining. 

ORANGE  COUNTY. 
The  Olinda  Crude  Oil  Co,    operating 
near  Fullerton,  has  changed  its  name  to 
Olinda  Land  Co. 

PLACER  COUNTY. 

The  Sacramento  Dredging  &  M.  Co.  is 
building  a  dredger  to  operate  on  the  North 
Fork  above  Colfax. 

T.  H.  Wilkins,  president  of  the  Califor- 
nia M.  Co.  which  recently  bought  the 
Cedar  Creek  drift  mine  at  Shady  Run, 
says  he  has  twenty  men  at  work  at  this 
mine,  which  has  been  drifted  1400  feet 
into  the  gravel.  Steam  Is  used  for  power, 
but  they  expect  to  put  in  electricity  next 
month. 

PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

At  the  Plumas  G.  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  mine  on 
the  north  side  of  North  canyon,  adjoining 
the  Johnny  Bull  group,  near  Greenville, 
W.  D.  Lawton  has  a  bond  on  it  and  prep- 
arations are  being  made  to  build  a  15- 
stamp  quartz  mill.  It  Ib  to  be  completed 
by  Sept.  1st.  The  company  will  also  put 
up  a  cyanide  plant  to  handle  the  concen- 
trates. Water  power  will  be  obtained 
from  the  Round  Valley  Reservoir.  Five 
impact  wheels  will  be  used,  one  to  supply 
power  to  each,  the  rock  breaker,  the  bat- 
teries, air  compressor,  concentrators,  and 
an  electric  generator.  The  last  named 
will  be  of  75  H.  P.,  to  light  the  mill,  mine, 
etc.,  and  to  run  a  train  of  ten  cars  for  the 
delivery  of  ore  to  the  mill. 

At  the  Johnny  Bull  group  of  mines  in 
North  canyon,  near  Greenville,  under 
bond  to  Droege  Bros,  of  Covington,  Ky., 
and  F.  W.  Day,  who  have  organized  the 
North  Canyon  M.  &  R.  Works,  the  cya- 
nide plant  continues  in  operation,  handling 
rock  from  the  5-stamp  mill. 

SAN  MATEO  COUNTY. 
The  Paxton  Oil  Co.  has  resumed  drill- 
ing in  its  well  at  1560  feet  in  oil  bearing 
stratum.  While  waiting  for  a  string  of 
5&  casing  200  feet  of  50  gravity  oil  has 
raised  In  the  well,  sayB  the  Reporter. 
SHASTA    COUNTY. 


em  California  G.  M.  Co  ,  has  filed  notices 
of  location  of  seven  claims,  being  the 
Summit  in  Bully  Hill  district  near  Win- 
throp,  and  the  Douglas,  Little  Surprise, 
Friday  No.  1,  Saturday  No.  1,  Washing- 
ton No.  1  and  Little  Tenderfoot  in  North 
Cow  Creek  district. 

The  Americus  M.  Co.  has  bought  the 
Americus,  McGinnis,  Homestake  and  Or- 
molu claims,  southwest  of  Redding. 

The  Old  Spanish  mine,  in  Lower 
Springs  district  near  Redding,  will  be  re- 
opened, work  reauming  this  week,  after 
an  idleness  of  three  years,  says  B,  M. 
Newcombe  of  Oak  Hill,  Napa  county,  a 
stockholder  in  the  Old  Spanish  G.  M.  Co. 
that  owns  the  mine.  S.  Davis  is  superin- 
tendent. There  is  a  mill  and  a  pumping 
plant  on  the  ground. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

At  the  Telegraph  Drift  M.  Co.  mine  at 
Fir  Cap  near  Downieville,  Superintendent 
J.  W.  Pinney  reports  work  on  the  stamp 
mill  progressing.  He  is  also  putting  up  a 
sawmill  near  the  mine  to  get  out  lumber 
for  the  stamp  mill  and  other  buildings. 

C.  Brown,  of  Alleghany,  has  bought  the 
Wright  half-interest  in  the  Gold  Nugget 
placer  mine,  near  Alleghany,  for  $1500— 
W.  Barrett  retaining  the  other  half-In- 
terest. 

The  Gold  Canyon  quartz  mine,  on  the 
north  bank  of  the  Middle  Yuba  river  and 
6  miles  above  Moore's  Flat  (Nevada 
county),  has  been  bought  by  Manager  F. 
B.  Hill,  of  the  Oriental  mine,  for  a  New 
York  company,  who  have  Btarted  devel- 
opment this  week.  A  tunnel  will  be 
started  from  the  river  at  a  point  1000  feet 
below  the  apex  of  the  ledge,  and  later  a 
plant  will  be  built  on  the  mountain  and  a 
shaft  sunk. 

At  the  Tabor  mine,  on  the  Gibsonvllle 
ridge,  near  Gibsonvllle,  they  are  widening 
the  track  from  a  16-inch  to  18-inch  gauge 
in  the  main  tunnel,  and  an  electric  plant 
Ib  being  installed.  A.  F.  Eaton  of  San 
Jose  is  superintendent. 

TEHAMA  COUNTY. 

Near  Bee  Gum,  J.  Hesselwood  of  Red 
Bluff  reports  making  preparations  to  de- 
velop a  body  of  Iron  ore.  He  has  filed 
twenty-two  mining  locations  and  has  a 
ledge  200  feet  across.  It  is  37  miles  north- 
west of  Red  Bluff,  and  is  near  the  pro- 
posed route  for  the  railroad  to  connect 
Red  Bluff  and  Eureka. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

Work  is  reported  progressing  In  the 
Potlllo  quartz  mine,  owned  by  F.  and  P. 
Potlllo,  and  at  the  General  Lee  and  Klon- 
dike quartz  mines,  owned  by  J.  Isbell  and 
Meckel  brothers.  These  mines  show  free 
gold.  The  General  Lee  and  Klondike  are 
extensions  of  the  Potillo,  all  at  the  head 
of  WeBt  Weaver  creek,  near  Weaverville. 

H.  E.  Pickett  of  Plucervllle,  who  has  a 
bond  on  the  Egan  Flat  placer  mine  at 
Junction  City,  will  prospect  the  same  with 
a  drilling  machine,  and  a  dr=dger  will  be 
built  if  the  prospects  are  satisfactory,  says 
the  Trinity  Journal. 

The  Brown  Bear  mine  at  Daadwood  wa9 
sold  this  week  by  the  sheriff,  under  exe- 
cution, for  $31,000  to  M.  A.  Phillips  of 
Oakland. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

Sinking  from  the  500-foot  level  contin- 
ues at  the  Mt.  Jefferson  mine  at  Grove- 
land  and  it  is  the  intention  of  Superinten- 
dent Meighan  to  go  to  a  depth  of  800  feet. 
On  the  500  they  are  drifting  on  a  6  foot 
vein. 

Work  at  the  Crystalline  mine,  near 
Jamestown,  is  suspended. 

E.  C.  Day  of  Columbia,  superintendent 
of  the  Black  Slate  and  Tapple  mines,  one 
mile  north  of  the  Rawhide  mine,  near 
Jamestown,  has  men  at  work  clearing 
ground  for  several  buildings,  including  a 
hoist. 

The  Campo  Seco  mine,  near  Jamestown, 
is  closed  down  pending  installation  of  a 
heavier  air  compressor,  says  J.  H.  Hall, 
superintendent. 

The  trouble  at  Stent  and  Quartz  be- 
tween the  managers  and  the  men  has  been 
adjusted.  The  lockout  has  been  raised  at 
the  Jumper,  Golden  Rule  and  Mazeppa 
mines  at  Stent  and  at  the  Santa  Ysabel 
mine  near  Quartz.  The  settlement  is  a 
compromise.  Manager  Kerr  of  the 
Jumper  Co.,  acting  for  several  companies, 
conferred  with  the  officers  of  the  union 
and  an  agreement  was  reached,  by  the 
terms  of  which  all  the  underground  men 
except  muckers  are  to  receive  $3  for  ten 
hours'  work  and  surface  men  of  all  kinds 
are  to  return  to  work  at  the  same  wages 
paid  before  the  trouble  began.  The 
agreement  lasts  for  six  months.  The  App 
mine,  which  is  one  of  W.  A.  Nevlll's  prop- 
erties, is  not  a  party  to  the  agreement. 


Superintendent  W.  Hooper  of  the  Inca 
Treasure  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the  Inca 
Treasure  mine  west  of  Delta,  reports 
shipping  ore  to  the  KeBwick  smelter  aver- 
aging $20  in  gold  per  ton. 

E.  F.  Adams,  as  president  of  the  North- 


YUBA  COUNTY. 
Near  Oroville,  a  company  composed  of 
B.  C.  Warniok,  P.  Russ,  S.  Pressor, 
A.  Buchanan  and  A  L.  Solenburg  of 
Pennsylvania  and  H.  W.  Knight  of  Over- 
brook,  Or.,  has  bought  the  Marigold 
dredgers  and  land. 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


5? 


COLORADO. 

CUSTER   COUNTY. 

The  L'te  Creek  G.  Co.,  composed  of 
Boston,  Mass.,  men,  has  bought  the  Bur- 
nette  claim  at  Querlda. 

DENVER  COUNTY. 

'Special  Correspondence).  —  The  strike 
situation  at  the  Denver  smelters  remains 
unchanged.  No  trouble  is  feared  at  the 
Durango  plant,  as  the  men  have  not  fully 
recovered  from  the  effects  of  the  strike  of 
a  few  years  ago,  and  they  are  not  willing 
to  enter  Into  another  strike  unless  com- 
pelled to. 

Denver,  July  21. 

DOLORES  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  United 
Rico  Mines  Co  are  sinking  a  shaft  through 
the  Devonian  limestone,  which  Is  Impreg- 
nated under  the  fault  fraotures  with  lead- 
zinc  ore  carrying  an  average  of  eleven  to 
twelve  ounces  In  sliver.  The  company 
owns  1100  acres  at  Rico.  They  will  re- 
model the  old  mill  and  also  build  a  new 
one. 

Rico,  July  20. 

FREMONT   COUNTY. 

The  Florence  Con.  Oil  Co.  has  started 
drilling  another  well  for  oil.  The  Con- 
solidated has  one  well  pumping.  Two 
other  wells  are  being  drilled  by  companies 
on  adjoining  ground.  The  Columbia 
Crude  Oil  Co.  has  started  the  drill  In  well 
No.  2.  A.  P.  Mackey  and  H.  Graham  of 
Denver  are  interested.  The  Keystone  Oil 
Co.  is  boring  In  well  No.  6  and  is  down 
1800  feet  with  favorable  Indications.  It 
is  estimated  there  are  thirteen  wells  being 
put  down  in  the  Florence  belt  at  this  time 
and  six  more  wells  are  projected,  work  on 
which  will  begin  before  the  end  of  the 
summer. 

The  United  Oil  Co.  has  bought  a  block 
of  1200  acres  of  ground  2  miles  south  of 
Florence  and  will  start  drilling  there. 
There  are  some  producing  wells  on  the 
ground. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

E.  C.  Sherman  and  T.  R.  Cudahy  of 
Central  City  have  Incorporated  the  Mont 
D'Oro  M.  &  M.  Co.  to  operate  the  New 
Century  group  (the  Tippecanoe  group)  of 
claimB  on  the  north  slope  of  Winnebago 
hill,  in  Quartz  Valley  district.  They  are 
sinking  a  shaft,  have  reached  a  depth  of 
70  feet,  and  report  a  4-foot  vein  of  milling 
ore,  with  a  smelting  streak  showing  an 
average  width  of  4  Inches.  Hoisting  is 
being  done  with  a  windlass  at  present,  but 
they  will  put  In  machinery. 

GRAND  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Forty-five 
miles  of  the  Moffat  line,  which  will  extend 
through  Grand  and  Routt  counties,  is 
nearly  graded.  A  machine  is  being  used 
for  laying  the  track.  A  large  tunnel  will 
be  driven  through  the  divide. 

Denver,  July  21. 

HINSDALE  COUNTY. 

The  Bullion  King  mine,  owned  by  B.  F. 
Cummings  of  Lake  City,  and  in  the  Bur- 
rows Park  district,  is  to  be  developed. 
The  Bullion  King  Is  said  to  be  on  the 
Illinois  Boy  vein,  which  carries  copper 
and  gold  ore.  Cummings  proposes  to 
open  the  ore  measures  by  a  crosscut 
tunnel. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Lead  vllle 
business  men  have  formed  an  alliance  for 
the  purpose  of  combating  the  labor  organ- 
izations. 

Leadville,  July  21. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — E.  W.  Mc- 
Connell  of  Durango  has  men  at  work  on 
the  Southern  Boy  mine,  near  La  Plata 
City.  The  tunnel  is  in  645  feet  and  drift- 
ing for  the  Southern  Boy  vein.  They 
have  cut  one  vein  which  runs  well.  E.  N. 
Beach  is  manager. 

The  county  commissioners  have  agreed 
to  spend  $5000  on  a  wagon  road  from 
La  Plata  to  the  county  line  between  La 
Plata  and  EaBt  Mancos,  If  J.  Doyle  will 
build  the  road  from  EaBt  Mancos  to  the 
top  of  the  hill.  There  Is  already  a  good 
trail  between  the  two  places.  Doyle  says 
he  will  Btart  work  shortly  from  his  end  of 
the  line.  A  good  wagon  road  over  this 
range  will  greatly  shorten  the  distance  to 
the  railroad.  Manager  Doyle  of  the  EaBt 
Mancos  G.  M.  Co.  Intends  building  a  mill 
on  the  La  Plata  side  and  to  put  in  a  tram- 
way from  the  mine  to  the  mill.  Several 
other  properties  are  working  a  few  men 
in  the  neighborhood  of  La  Plata. 

La  Plata,  July  18. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — The  Silver 
Wing  mill,  owned  by  the  Eureka  Ex- 
ploration Co.,  has  closed  down.  They 
have  been  making  test  runs  on  ore  from 
the  Silver  Wing  and  Frederlca  mines  and 
will  put  in  a  tramway,  1  mile  in  length, 
from  the  Frederlca  to  the  mill.  This 
same  company  owns  the  Rldgway  and 
Scotia  mines,   being  operated  by    lessees 


who  are  taking  out  some  rich  ore  from 
the  Scotia.     J.  H.  Moreland   Is  manager. 

The  Sllverton,  Northern  Railway  has 
started  work  on  the  line  from  Eureka  to 
Lake  City,  a  distance  of  35  miles.  They 
expect  to  have  the  road  completed  to  Ani- 
mas Forks  this  year.  The  grade  will 
average  5%. 

Eureka,  July  18. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  It  Is  re- 
ported some  of  the  mines  in  this  locality 
are  unable  to  run  full  capacity  owing  to 
scarcity  of  miners. 

The  Smuggler-Union  M.  Co.  are  han- 
dling 400  tons  of  ore  per  day.  Everything 
is  running  smoothly,  says  Manager  Buck- 
eley  Wells. 

Telluride,  July  20. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Bond  M.  Co.  has  given  a  lease 
to  Slder  &  Co.  on  the  north  end  of  its 
Gold  hill  ground  at  Cripple  Creek,  which 
adjoins  the  Moffatt  tunnel.  The  lease  Ib 
for  two  years  with  royalties  ranging  from 
20%  to  25%,  and  It  Is  expected  It  will  be 
worked  through  the  tunnel. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Golden 
Cycle  M.  Co  ,  held  at  Colorado  Springs 
last  week,  the  head  offices  were  changed 
from  Denver  to  St  Louis,  Mo.  Their 
mines  are  at  Cripple  Creek. 

Stoveken  &  Zimmerman  have  leased 
the  Beatty  mill  at  Gold  field  and  will  con- 
vert it  into  a  cyanide  mill  for  the  treat- 
ment of  the  low-grade  ore  of  the  dump  of 
the  Theresa  mine. 

The  August  Flower  Leasing  Co.,  oper 
ating  on  the  Chickenhawk  claim  on  Guyot 
bill,  Cripple  Creek,  have  put  In  a  heavier 
plant  of  machinery,  capable  of  hoisting 
from  1000  feet. 

The  Great  Western  Co.  has  put  in  a 
plant  of  machinery  on  its  Orange  claim  on 
Trachyte  mountain,  near  Cripple  Creek. 
The  shaft  has  been  sunk  to  a  depth  of  80 
feet. 

Operations  were  resumed  last  week  by 
the  Lincoln  Mines  Co.,  at  the  Lincoln 
mine,  on  Globe  hill,  Cripple  Creek,  their 
surface  plant  having  been  rebuilt  after 
loss  by  fire.  Manager  F.  A.  Wright  Bays 
the  new  plant  is  of  heavier  capacity, 
capable  of  hoisting  1000  feet,  also  a  five- 
drill  compressor.  The  shaft  is  down  200 
feet,  and  sinking  will  be  resumed  to  the 
400-foot  level.  It  is  intended  to  build  a 
cyanide  mill  also. 

IDAHO. 

BINGHAM  COUNTY. 

The  Pittsburg  mine,  In  Mount  Pisgah 
mining  district  (Caribou  district),  consist- 
ing of  a  group  of  twelve  claims,  together 
with  mill  and  other  improvements,  water 
rights,  etc.,  were  sold  by  the  receiver  last 
week,  being  bid  in  by  McCornick  &  Co. 
of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  for  $25,000. 
They  propose  to  improve  the  mill  and  de- 
velop the  group. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 

The  Carbonate  Hill  M.  Co.  has  been  In- 
corporated at  Hailey  by  H.  J.  Davis,  C. 
B.  Dunton  and  D.  E.  Moulton,  of  Port- 
land, Me.  W.  A.  Brodhead  is  local  agent 
in  Hailey.  The  company  owns  the  Black 
Carbonate  lode,  located  at  the  head  of 
Wood  river,  above  Galena,  and  also  the 
Maine  lode  on  Cherry  creek. 
CUSTER  COUNTY. 

The  ChaHis  Messenger  says  it  is  re- 
ported negotiations  are  under  way  for  a 
consolidation  of  the  mines  owned  by  the 
Ramshorn  M.  Co.  at  Bayhorse,  and  the 
mines  owned  by  the  Omaha  S.  Co.  at 
Clayton.  It  is  expected  the  railroad  will 
be  extended  up  Salmon  river. 
IDAHO  COUNTY. 

H.  Brant,  operating  a  group  near 
Roosevelt,  in  Thunder  Mountain  dis- 
trict, says  he  is  sacking  ore  for  shipment. 
He  proposes  to  put  up  a  20-stamp  mill 
this  season. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 

Bruton  &  Ellis  of  Nampa  and  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah,  have  a  bond  on  the  Sugar 
Loaf  group  of  claims,  near  Silver  City, 
and  are  making  preparations  to  begin  de- 
velopment work.  The  ore  can  be  worked 
by  cyanlding. 

SHOSHONE  COUNTY. 

The  Reindeer  M.  Co.,  operating  3 J 
miles  southeast  of  Mullan,  in  the  copper 
district,  started  its  new  compressor  last 
week.  It  Is  operated  with  water  power 
under  head  of  500  feet. 

Twenty-two  hundred  men  are  employed 
in  the  mines  and  mills  of  the  Coeur 
d'Alenes  and  the  monthly  payroll  aggre- 
gates $200,000,  Bays  the  Deseret  News. 
The  wages  for  underground  men  are  $3.50 
per  day  except  at  Wardner,  where  the 
wage  is  $3  per  day.  The  number  of  men 
in  the  mills  and  mines  of  the  district  are 
distributed  as  follows:  Morning,  at  Mul- 
lan, 317;  Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan,  at 
Wardner,  300;  Tiger-Poorman,  at  Burke, 
300;  Standard,  at  Wallace,  291;  Last 
Chance,  at  Wardner,  194;  Mammoth,  at 
Wallace,  177;  FriBco,  at  Gem,  157;  Hecla, 
at  Burke,  116;  Gold  Hunter,  66;  Hercules, 


60.  In  addition  to  these,  there  are  a 
number  of  smaller  ones  in  the  district 
that  are  working  from  three  to  fifteen 
men,  which  bring  the  total  up  to  2200  men. 

KANSAS. 

NEOSHO   COUNTY. 

J.  H.  Cook  of  Carthage,  Mo.,  operating 
with  Illinois  men  in  the  Chanute  oil  and 
gas  district,  reports  organizing  a  com- 
pany to  lease  10,000  acres  of  land  north 
and  iwest  of  Golden  City,  to  prospect  for 
oil. 

WILSON   COUNTY. 

The  Prairie  Oil  &  Gas  Co.  has  bought  a 
tract  of  153  acres,  14  mile  north  of  Neo- 
desha,  and  will  establish  a  "tank  farm." 
Two  55,000-barrel  tanks  will  be  removed 
from  Texas  and  set  up  there,  as  well  as 
building  other  reservoirs.  It  will  be  made 
the  central  storage  station  for  Kansas  and 
Indian  Territory. 

MICHIGAN. 

BERRIEN   COUNTY. 

The  Michigan  Oil  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized at  Nlles  to  drill  for  oil.  They  have 
leased  1500  acres  west  of  Niles  and  will 
start  work  this  month.  At  Three  Oaks 
the  Southwestern  Michigan  Oil  &  Pros- 
perity Co.  has  been  organized  and  has 
leased  4000  acres  near  Gallon. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  Lake  Superior  Smelting  Co.  at 
Dollar  Bay  is  building  two  more  furnaces, 
due  to  the  increase  of  mineral  to  be 
smelted.  One  is  to  refine  mineral  reduced 
in  the  cupola  and  the  other  is  a  regular 
reverberatory  smelting  and  refining  fur- 
nace. The  Michigan,  near  Houghton, 
has  cut  the  Minnesota  conglomerate  by 
crosscut  from  the  Calico  lode  in  the  11th 
and  13th  levels. 

Ground  has  been  broken  on  the  east 
side  of  the  Champion  mill  at  Freda,  west 
of  Palnesdale,  for  the  head  additions. 
Two  heads  are  to  be  added,  giving  six  in 
all.  New  devices  to  crush  the  "rag- 
ginga  "  from  the  present  heads  are  being 
tried  by  the  Champion.  A  pair  of  heavy 
crushing  rolls  have  been  Bet  up  in  the 
west  end  of  the  mill  and  a  Chilean  mill  is 
going  in,  for  separating  the  tailings  from 
the  rough  jigs.  If  the  experiment  proves 
successful  one  pair  of  rolls  will  be  required 
for  each  head  and  a  Chilean  mill  for 
every  two  heads,  says  the  News. 

The  average  mineral  yield  of  the  Wi- 
nona mine  at  Winona  for  June  was  forty 
pounds  of  copper  per  ton  of  rock  stamped. 
The  last  of  the  company's  stock  pile  has 
been  treated  and  hereafter  rock  shipments 
will  come  direct  from  the  mine  openings. 

At  the  Franklin  mine,  near  Hancock, 
on  the  seventh  level  south  in  the  Junior, 
the  management  have  struck  copper 
ground  266  feet  south  of  where  No.  2 
shaft  will  be  sunk.  It  has  been  crosscut 
for  12  feet.  The  drift  will  be  continued 
ahead  and  a  machine  put  behind  the  drift 
to  open  further.  This  Albany  &  Boston 
conglomerate  is  to  be  further  developed. 

The  No.  7  shaft  at  the  Qulncy  mine  at 
Hancock  Ib  Bunk  to  the  56  level  and  the 
openings  below  the  14  are  said  to  be  uni- 
formly good.  Rock  shipments  from  this 
Bource  aggregate  1000  tons  daily.  At  the 
mill  six  stamps  are  treating  the  entire 
output  instead  of  eight  as  formerly.  The 
two  Idle  heads  are  being  changed  over  to 
the  coarse  system  of  stamping.  The 
Quincy  Is  Btamping  at  the  rate  of  900,000 
tons  of  rock  per  annum. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  foundation  work  for  the  new 
stamp  in  the  Mohawk  mill,  near  Allouez, 
Is  progressing,  as  also  the  surface  im- 
provements at  the  mine,  and  they  expect 
to  supply  rock  to  three  stamps  by  Aug. 
1st. 

At  the  Phoenix  mines  at  Phoenix  the 
dam  across  the  Eagle  river,  3000  feet 
above  the  mill,  is  finished.  The  water 
will  be  carried  through  the  flume,  12x24 
inches,  to  the  mill  and  this  will  be  suffi- 
cient for  all  purposes  until  the  mill  is  en- 
larged, when  the  dam  can  be  thrown 
acrosB,  2000  feet  below,  giving  all  the 
power  that  will  be  required,  says  the 
News.  The  mill  will  go  into  operation  by 
August  15th. 

MISSOURI 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

C.  A.  Emery,  S.  A.  Stuckey,  S.  Chit- 
wood,  C.  J.  Smith,  B.  L.  Van  Hoose  and 
J.  Flory.who  own  the  VanGuard  mine,  on 
the  Amsden  land,  northwest  of  Carthage, 
report  making  a  lead  strike  in  their  mine 
at  depth  of  20  feet,  a  prospect  drill  having 
previously  located  the  ore. 

Heavier  pumps  have  been  added  to  the 
plant  of  the  Missouri  Zinc  Fields  Co.,  near 
Joplin,  and  their  mines  unwatered,  so  that 
the  mines  on  this  lease  can  be  worked  be- 
low   the    200-foot   level. The    Winner 

Lead  &  Zinc  Co.,  who  bought  the  Reagan 
lease,  south  of  the  Georgia  City  mines,  ad- 
joining the  O.,  M.  &  R.  on  the  eaBt,  near 
Joplin,  expect  to  be  running  dirt  through 
their  mill  that  will  produce  fifteen  tons 


per  day. G.  E.  Forrestall,  owner  of  the 

Florence  F.  mine  on  the  Forrestall  & 
O'Donald  lease,  will  sink  the  mill  shaft 
from  165  to  240  feet  and  drift,  says  the 
News. 

At  Webb  City,  the  Bosch  Scogln  M.  Co., 
having  unwatered  their  mine,  have  re- 
sumed operations.  They  have  put  in  a 
heavier  pumping  plant. 

The   Leo  M.  Co.,   at  Webb  City,  have 

their   mill    in   operation. Construction 

work  has  Btarted  on  the  third  mill  of  the 
Aylor  twelve  acres,  leased  by  Patton  & 
Dodge.  The  plant  will  be  known  as  Avon- 
dale  No.  2,  the  other  two  being  Avondale 
No.  1  and  the  Dominion.  The  new  mill 
will  be  250  feet  from  No.  1.  The  condi- 
tions of  the  lease  were  that  a  mill  should 
be  built  on  each  four  acres  The  new  shaft 
on  the  Holy  Smoke,  on  adjoining  lotB,  is 

down  80  feet  and  In  ore. The  Webber 

M.  Co.  has  put  in  two  8-lnch  cross-head 
pumps  in  the  Hayseed  mine. 

J.  Morton,  for  the  Con.  Troup  M.  Co., 
has  bought  the  J.  Dermott  tract  near 
Webb  City,  covering  forty-five  acres,  for 
$50,000.  This  land  adjoins  the  Pleasant 
Valley  mines  on  the  south  and  is  partially 
developed.  The  Troup  Co.  are  owners  of 
the  Hudson  mine,  which  Is  near  this  lease. 

The  Narragansett  mine  and  mill,  north 
of  Webb  City,  on  the  spur  of  the  Memphis 
Railroad,  has  been  sold  to  a  company  of 
which  C.  E.  Force  of  New  York  is  man- 
ager.   The  mill  will  be  put  in  operation. 

The  Waddell  Zinc  Co.'s  mill  is  ready  to 
start.  It  is  3}  miles  northwest  of  Car- 
thage, In  Waddell  mining  district. 

The  Cornucopia  M.  Co.,  composed  of 
C.  Ball,  A.  M.  Wagoner,  O.  Duenweg  et 
el.,  Is  building  a  mill  at  Alba  which  is 
about  finished. 

MONTANA. 

PERGDS  COUNTY. 

N.  J.  Littlejohn  of  Lewistown  has  a  bond 
on  a  group  of  prospects  in  South  Moccasin 
mountains,  near  Kendall. 

M.  J.  Hall  of  Maiden  says  he  will  build 
a  cyanide  plant  to  work  the  ores  of  the 
Maiden  Queen  claim,  north  of  Maiden, 
and  adjoining  the  Maginnis   mine  on  the 

north.  ■  P.   Rousseau    has    a    cyanide 

plant  in  operation  on  his  group  near  the 
Spotted  Horse  mine,  near  Maiden,  and  is 
making  it  pay  the  expense  of  developing 
his  mine. 

FLATHEAD    COUNTY. 

G.  Robinson  of  Llbby  reports  having 
bought  the  Cain  group  of  claims  in  West 
Fisher  district,  and  a  company  will  be 
formed  to  operate  them.  There  are  four 
claims  in  the  group  and  they  are  on  Great 
Northern  mountain,  below  the  American 
Kootenai  M.  Co.'s  ground. It  Is  re- 
ported J.  H.  Grelger,  manager  of  the  Il- 
linois &  Montana  M.  Co.,  has  made  ar- 
rangements to  resume  work  on  that 
company's  group  in  West  Fisher  district, 
near  Libby,  says  the  Inter-Mountain,  and 
they  will  also  build  a  mill. 

Work  is  reported  progressing  at  the 
Banner  &  Bangle  mine,  6  miles  south  of 
Troy,  operated  by  Larson  &  Greenough 
under  a  bond.  As  Boon  as  the  road  from 
Troy  is  finished  shipments  of  ore  will  be 
started.  Also  they  propose  to  build  a  con- 
centrator at  the  mine. 

GRANITE  COUNTY. 

At  Henderson  gulch,  near  Phillipsburg, 
Superintendent  U.  E,  Van  Barneveld  has 
men  at  work  prospecting  on  500  acres  of 
ground  which  the  company  has  under  op- 
tion. Tests  are  being  made  preparatory 
to  working  by  dredging. 

J.  H.  Grant,  part  owner,  operating  the 
Dakota  mine,  adjoining  the  Bluebird,  near 
Willow  creek,  near  Phillipsburg,  reports 
opening  up  a  3-foot  body  of  gold  ore, 
carrying  also  1%  copper.  He  has  a  Hunt- 
ington mill  in  operation.  Cyanide  tests 
are  being  made  on  a  large  body  of  low- 
grade  ore. 

A  system  of  exhaust  fans  and  flues  have 
been  put  into  the  dry-crushing  mill  of  the 
Granite-Bimetallic  Con.  M.  Co.,  near  Phil- 
lipsburg, to  carry  off  the  dust  from  the 
batteries. 

D.  H.  McDonald  and  L.  N.  Van  Vran- 
ken  have  a  lease  on  the  Salmon  mine  at 
Tower,  near  Phillipsburg,  and  begun  de- 
velopment work  with  W.   G.   Harper  in 

charge. O.   Smith    is    operating    his 

cyanide  mill  on  Lower  Rock  creek,  near 
Phillipsburg.  Arrangements  are  being 
made  to  enlarge  the  plant. It  is  re- 
ported the  Bimetallic  mill  will  be  dropping 
100  stamps  by  August  1  Instead  of  50. 
JEFFERSON   COUNTY. 

Manager  G.  B.  Drankenfeld  of  the  Mon- 
tana Mineral  Land  Dev.  Co.  says  develop- 
ment work  has  been  resumed.  The  com- 
pany owns  the  Eva  May  mine  in  Cataraot 
district,  near  Basin,  but  has  not  worked  it 
for  three  years.  Arrangements  are  being 
made  to  build  a  smelter  for  the  treatment 
of  their  sulphide  ores. 

The  Pittsburg  Smelting  Co.  has  bought 
the  Jacquemin  iron  properties  near  Cor- 
bin  for  $60,000.  The  ore  will  be  used  for 
flux  in  the  smelter  built  by  the  company 
south   of  Butte. The    Evening    Star 


58 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25,  1903. 


mine,  6  mileB  from  Basin,  leased  by  the 
Pittsburg  Co.,  will  have  a  new  shaft  to  be 
sunk  350  feet,  as  the  old  shaft  is  in  bad 
condition. 

In  Cataract  district,  near  Basin,  men 
have  been  put  to  work  by  the  Cataract  C. 
M.  Co.  on  the  smelter-which  is  being  built, 
and  to  develop  the  ore  bodies  in  the  Crys- 
tal mine,  one  of  the  group  owned  by  this 
company. 
JS*'  LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

J.  C.  Cory  et  al.,  who  control  the  King 
Solomon  mine  near  Helena,  report  devel- 
opment work  progressing,  opening  up  in 
a  winze  in  new  workings  an  ore  body 
which  carries  high-grade  silver  ore. 

Operations  are  again  under  way  on  the 
North  Star  mine,  near  Marysville.  Prep- 
arations are  being  made  to  start  up  the 
Bald    Butte    mill,   which  has  been  shut 

down  for  a  short  time There  is  greater 

activity  in  the  Wickes-Corbin  district,  21 
miles  from  Helena,  than  for  a  number  of 
years. 

MADISON    COUNTY. 

Near  Pony  timbering  shaft  No.  2  of  the 
Norwegian  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  is  finished  and 
development  work  begun. Work  con- 
tinues on  the  Strawberry  mine.  A  cross- 
cut is  being  run  to  the  hanging  wall  from 
the  face  of  the  drift.  The  mill  will  be 
Btarted  up. 

NEVADA. 

ELKO  COUNTY. 

Manager  G.  L.  Moats  of  the  Latham  M. 
Co.,  operating  in  the  Spruce  Mountain 
district,  near  Clover,  south  of  Wells,  says 
the  mill  has  been  started  and  is  giving 
satisfaction.  Owing  to  the  scarcity  of 
water,  the  full  capacity  of  the  plant  is  not 
being  used,  only  twenty-five  tons  of  ore 
being  put  through  the  crushers  daily. 
The  concentrates  produced  average  56% 
lead,  10  ounces  silver  and  $3.20  gold. 
LINCOLN   COUNTY. 

Operations  are  reported  suspended  at 
the  El  Dorado  canyon  mines  at  El  Do- 
rado canyon  for  the  summer,  and  will  not 
resume  until  September  15  on  account  of 
the  extreme  heat. 

The  Gordon  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  to 
operate  a  group  of  five  lode  claims  in  Old 
Highland  mining  district;  R.  G.  Bosley, 
G.  W.  Poague  and  S.  Fowler. 

LYON  COUNTY. 

The  company  has  men  at  work  cleaning 
out  the  Douglass  ditch  at  Dayton.  The 
Federal  M.  Co.  of  Como  will  begin  opera- 
tions with  its  mill  as  soon  as  the  water  is 
turned  in  to  produce  the  power. 

NYE   COUNTY. 

The  Sapho  group  of  claims  at  Tonopah 
has  been  bonded  by  E.  W.  Griffith  &  Co. 
for  $100,000. 

The  Arivada  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated to  operate  a  group  of  seven  claims 
near  Tonopah;  J.  S.  Cook,  W.  Rogers,  I. 
Morasci  and  W.  Mc Wilson. 

T.  J.  Lamoraux,  president  of  the  Tono- 
pah-Aspen  Co.,  has  started  work  on  their 
three  claims,  the  Aspen,  Black  Diamond 
and  Sans  Sabe,  1  mile  north  of  the  Tono- 
pah and  adjoining  the  Belle  of  Tonopah 
on  the  northeast. 

The  crosscut  from  the  770-foot  station 
in  the  Ohio-Tonopah  shaft  at  Tonopah  is 
in  90  feet  and  has  passed  through  the 
ledge  cut  at  a  depth  of  730  feet  in  the 
shaft.  The  air  compressor  iB  being  set  up. 
STOREY  COUNTY. 

The  flume  being  built  to  convey  ore 
pulp  to  the  Butters  cyanide  plant  in  Six 
Mile  canyon,  near  Virginia  City,  from  the 
Best  &  Belcher  mill  is  expected  to  be 
ready  for  use  by  August  1,  and  crushing 
rock  from  the  Hale  &  Norcross  mine 
waBte  dump  will  begin  by  August  10. 

An  electric  drill  plant  has  been  put  in  at 
the  Overman  mine,  near  Virginia  City. 
WASHOE  COUNTY. 

In  Ollnghouse  canyon,  near  Wadsworth, 
the  Springfield-Nevada  M.  Co.  have  their 
mill  No.  2  in  operation  after  making  alter- 
ations and  increasing  the  capacity.  Three 
feet  of  quartz  has  been  cut  in  their  Rene- 
gade mine,  showing  values  of  $8  in  free 
gold.  The  raise  in  Cabin  No.  2  has  con- 
nected with  upper  level  and  another  raise 
started,  blocking  out  100  feet  of  9toping 
ground. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

For  $5000  the  Owl  and  Snowbird  claims, 
in  Granite  mining  district,  near  Cherry 
Creek,  have  been  bonded  to  R.  G.  Smith 
of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 
The  Samson  group  of  mines,  16  miles 
south  of  Silver  City,  and  in  the  Burro 
Mountain  district,  has  been  sold  to  Can- 
ton, O.,  and  Pittsburg  men,  W.  Capthorn 
of  Canton,  O.,  manager,  for  $25,000.  The 
group  comprises  five  copper  claims,  and 
as  soon  as  the  best  method  of  treating  the 
ore  is  determined  the  company  will  build 
a  mill. 


SOCORRO  COUNTY. 

The  Dividend  M.  &  S.  Co.  Is  drilling  for 
water  at  Estey  City  for  the  development 
of  mineB  In  Oscura  district.  The  Colorado 
F.  &  I.  Co.  has  twenty  men  working  15 
miles  north  of  Estey  City,  and  if  iron  is 
opened  in  sufficient  quantities  to  warrant 
it  a  railroad  will  be  built  from  Ancho  to 
Oscura  to  handle  the  product,  says  the 
New  Mexican. 

TAOS  COUNTY. 

Near  Red  River  a  wagon  road  has  been 
finished  up  Placer  creek  to  give  access  to 
several  mines  in  that  section.  The  Jay- 
hawk  and  Scarlet  have  ore  on  the  dumps 
ready  to  be  hauled  to  the  Jayhawk  con- 
centrating mill  at  Red  River.  Rogers  & 
Luce  Bros,  have  men  at  work  on  the  Jay- 
hawk  and  are  taking  out  ore.  They  ex- 
pect to  cut  the  main  vein.  If  this  proves 
to  be  the  case  and  the  values  hold  out  as 
hoped,  they  will  probably  put  in  a  plant 
at  the  mine  for  the  treatment  of  their 
own  ores,  leaving  their  mill  down  on  the 
river  for  custom  work.  Their  ores  are 
gold  and  silver-bearing. 

OREGON. 

BAKER    COUNTY. 

Preparations  are  being  made  to  put  up 
a  10-stamp  mill  at  the  Belcher  mine,  near 
Sumpter,  which  will  later  be  enlarged  to 
twenty  stamps,  says  President  G.  W. 
Dalnes.    Water  power  will  be  used. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 
J.  W.  Larkin  and  D.  R.  Evans,  Spo- 
kane, Wash.,  owners  of  the  Cougar  mine, 
near  Granite,  have  operations  under  way. 
The  plant  is  being  overhauled.  Two  new 
roasters  ol  larger  capacity  will  be  built  in 
place  of  those  put  in  last  season. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

Carr  &  Terry,  of  Galice,  have  bought 
the  Bradford  placer  on  Silver  creek  and 
will  develop  it,  putting  in  hydraulic 
equipment.  This  ground  is  on  a  bench 
150  feet  above  the  creek  bed.  Todd 
creek,  a  tributary  of  Silver  creek,  fur- 
nishes a  water  right.  The  ground  has 
been  worked  to  some  extent  by  hand. 

Ingram  &  Ramsey  are  continuing  de- 
velopment work  on  their  copper  group  in 
Slate  Creek  district,  near  Grant's  Pass. 
Assays  show  values  of  10%  copper. 

LANE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — At  the  Black 
Butte  quicksilver  mine  the  contract  for 
a  450-foot  crosscut  tunnel  on  the  850-foot 
level  was  completed  last  week,  and  W.  B. 
Dennis,  manager  and  principal  owner  of 
the  mine,  has  let  a  new  contract  for  a  100- 
foot  extension.  In  the  first  450  feet  three 
veins  were  cut — 7,  12  and  20  feet  wide, 
respectively — corresponding  to  the  veins 
in  the  upper  levels.  There  are  over  12,000 
feet  of  development  work  on  the  Black 
Butte  mine,  besides  extensive  surface  im- 
provements. The  property  consists  of 
1500  acres  of  land  and  thirty  mining 
claims. 

The  Bald  Butte  quicksilver  mine,  in  the 
Black  Butte  district,  is  owned  by  Port- 
land, Or.,  men.  The  principal  owner  vis- 
ited the  property  last  week  and  is  making 
plans  for  resumption  of  work  at  an  early 
date.  Considerable  development  work 
has  been  done,  showing  up  a  wide  vein  of 
low-grade  ore. 

Among  the  mines  in  the  Bohemia  dis- 
trict there  1b  much  activity  in  anticipa- 
tion of  the  completion  of  the  railroad, 
which  Is  to  give  the  camp  an  outlet  by 
connection  with  the  Southern  Pacific  at 
Cottage  Grove.  Work  on  the  road  is  in 
progress. 

Eugene,  July  19. 

WALLOWA  COUNTY. 

Eleven  and  one-half  miles  of  wagon  road 
will  be  built  by  the  Tenderfoot  G.  M.  Co. 
This  company  owns  mining  properties  18 
miles  southeast  of  Joseph.  As  soon  as 
the  road  is  completed  to  the  Tenderfoot 
mines,  a  20-stamp  mill,  with  complete 
cyanide  and  concentrating  apparatus, 
sawmill,  etc.,  will  be  hauled  in. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

T.  T.  Cornforth  of  Denver,  Colo.,  chair- 
man of  the  executive  committee,  and  A.  E. 
Phillips,  superintendent  of  the  Lexington 
Hill  G.  M.  Co.,  at  Deadwood,  report  ma- 
chinery on  the  ground  for  the  enlarge- 
ment of  the  Highland  Chief  mill,  in 
Spruce  gulch,  owned  by  the  Lexington 
Hill  Co.  They  will  increase  the  leaching 
facilities  to  correspond  with  the  full  ca- 
pacity of  the  crushing  plant  of  twenty 
stamps. 

The  Lead  Call  says  it  is  reported  oper- 
ations will  be  resumed  at  the  smelter  of 
the  Golden  Reward  M.  Co.  at  Deadwood, 
which  was  closed  down  last  March  on  ac- 
count of  a  strike.  The  Golden  Reward 
Co.,  besides  the  250  tons  of  ore  mined  to 
keep  its  cyanide  plant  in  Deadwood  in  op- 
eration, mines  400  tons  dally,  which  is  sent 
East  to  outside  smelters  for  reduction.  It 
is  said  these  shipments  will  be  continued 


even  after  the  smelter  in  Deadwood  has 
again  blown  in.  During  the  time  the 
smelter  has  been  idle  many  improvements 
have  been  made  in  the  plant.  The  com- 
pany's workings  and  plants  require  the 
employment  of  500  men. 

The  Reliance  G.  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated as  a  result  of  a  consolidation  of 
the  University,  Ak-Sar-Ben  and  other 
companies  operating  on  the  west  side  of 
Bald  mountain,  near  Lead.  A  cyanide 
plant  will  be  built  on  Annie  creek. 

Work  is  being  resumed  on  the  Brown 
&  Pollack  ground  on  False  Bottom  creek, 
2  miles  from  Carbonate.  Plattsmouth, 
Neb.,  parties  are  interested  and  are  ar- 
ranging to  sink  a  shaft  on  the  vein.  This 
is  a  silver  property. 

The  Homestake  M.  Co.  will  put  in  100 
additional  stamps  at  the  Amicus  mill 
(formerly  the  Highland),  in  Lead,  says 
Superintendent  T.  J.  Grier,  which  will 
give  the  mill  240  stamps.  It  will  give  the 
Homestake  Co.  a  total  of  1000  stamps  in 
its  six  mills.  Grier  denied  the  report  that 
the  company  was  contemplating  the  erec- 
tion of  an  additional  mill.  To  operate  the 
increase  of  stamps  the  company  will  put 
In  a  compound  engine  in  the  west  end  of 
the  mill  and  the  old  simple  engine  at  the 
east  end  will  be  removed.  The  work  of 
placing  the  new  engine  will  be  done  first, 
and  as  soon  as  power  can  be  supplied  from 
that  source  the  other  will  be  dismantled, 
making  it  possible  In  this  way  for  the 
company  to  operate  the  present  140 
stamps  while  the  others  are  being  set  up. 
It  1b  expected  to  have  the  additional 
stamps  running  during  the  coming  fall. 
They  will  be  practically  the  same  as  the 
stamps  in  use  in  all  the  other  Homestake 
mills,  weighing  900  pounds  apiece.  The 
new  air  compressor  at  the  Ellison  hoist 
of  the  Homestake  in  Lead  waB  put  in 
operation  laBt  week.  Its  capacity  is  150 
drills  at  one  time.  This  compressor  will 
double  the  air  pressure  in  the  Homestake 
mine.  An  additional  battery  of  boilers 
was  put  in  to  supply  it  with  steam.  Their 
cyanide  plants  are  handling  all  the  mill 
tailings  at  present. 

PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 

All  work  has  been  stopped  at  the  Holy 
Terror  mine,  near  Keystone. 

The  Burlington  M.  Co.,  owning  ground 
on  the  head  of  Friday  gulch,  near  Hill 
City,  Is  preparing  to  Increase  development 
work.  The  shaft  will  be  continued  down 
on  the  vein  and  later  it  is  intended  to  put 
in  more  machinery  for  this  work.  J.  B. 
Taylor  is  superintendent.  They  have  a 
sawmill  on  the  ground,  which  has  been 
busy  several  months. 

The  Sunbeam  M.  Co.,  J  mile  from  the 
Burlington,  is  building  a  20-stamp  mill. 
A  shaft  has  been  put  down  300  feet  and 
they  are  drifting  on  the  vein  from  the 
bottom  of  the  shaft. 

The  J.  R.  mine,  near  Hill  City,  owned 
by  the  Cumberland  M.  Co.,  is  having  an 
air  compressor  put  in,  says  Manager 
Crocker  at  Deadwood.  Cumberland,  Ky., 
men  compose  the  company.  The  shaft  is 
500  feet  deep. 

UTAH. 

JUAB   COUNTY. 

To  the  battery  of  boilers  at  the  Centen- 
nial Eureka,  near  Eureka,  will  be  added  a 
fourth  of  150  H.  P.,  giving  a  total  of  600 
H.  P.  This  addition  in  compressed  air 
required  has  been  necessitated  by  the  in- 
crease for  the  twenty  drills  and  the  hoists 
used  underground.  At  the  same  time  an 
additional  stoker  will  be  put  In. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

The  holdings  of  the  Mt.  Baldy  M.  Co. 
on  the  gold-bearing  zone  extending  south 
from  the  Annie  Laurie  mine  on  Gold 
mountain,  near  Marysvale,  have  been 
bought  by  the  Log  Cabin  M.  Co.,  of  which 
P.  A.  H.  Franklin  of  Salt  Lake  City  is 
manager.  P.  S.  Merrill  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
president  of  the  Log  Cabin  Co.,  says  to 
open  this  ground  a  tunnel  has  been  Btarted 
from  the  Marysvale  side  that  will  be  ex- 
tended Into  the  zone  for  2000  feet.  From 
the  side  on  which  Is  located  the  Elephant 
group  a  tunnel  will  be  driven  700  feet. 

The  Wedge  and  Treasure  Vault  mines, 
in  Mount  Baldy  district,  near  Marysvale, 
have  been  bonded  to  the  Gold  Vein  M.  Co. 
G.  F.  Dalton  Is  manager. 

At  the  Sevier  Con.  mines,  near  Kim- 
berly,  It  Is  expected  the  mill  will  be  ready 
for  operations  by  Sept.  1,  says  Superin- 
tendent C.  W.  Foster. 

SALT  LAKE   COUNTY. 

The  Queen  M.  Co.  has  been  Incorpo- 
rated at  Salt  Lake  City  by  D.  T.  Powell, 
E.  Feller,  J.  K.  Shaw  and  J.  R.  Morris. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Utah  Con.  C. 
Co.,  at  Bingham,  shows  the  average  yield 
per  ton  of  the  167, 713  tons  of  ore  treated 
(of  which  only  691  tons  were  oxidized  ore) 
was  70.9  pounds  of  copper  with  $2.80  in 
gold  and  silver.  These  figures  compare 
with  53|  pounds  of  copper  and  $2.25  in 
gold  and  Bilver  during  1901.  The  smelter 
treated  an  average  of  460  tons  of  ore 
daily.  Including  expenses  of  every  char- 
acter, interest,  maintenance  and  develop- 


ment, etc.,  and  deducting  the  precious 
metals  values  from  the  total  costs  the 
company's  product  of  11,840,431  pounds 
of  copper  was  made  for  5.7  cents  per 
pound  against  an  average  price  of  11  9 
cents  received.  The  Improvement  In  the 
character  of  the  ore  in  1902  over  1901  is 
shown  by  comparison  of  ore  tonnage  and 
Its  contents  for  the  two  years  as  follows: 
1902.  1901. 

Ore  treated,  tons....      167,713         167,823 

Copper,  pounds 11,840,431      9,043,937 

Sliver,  ounces 160,915         176,331 

Gold,  ounces 19,078  13,983 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

It  Is  expected  the  Kelth-Kearns  mill  at 
Park  City  will  be  ready  for  operations  by 
October  1,  says  the  Deseret  News.  There 
are  thirty-five  men  employed  on  construc- 
tion of  the  plant. 

UTAH  COUNTY. 

Development  will  be  increased  at  the 
Union  Chief  mine,  near  Santaquln,  for 
which  additional  equipment  is  being 
put  in. 

The  Whirlwind  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  to  operate  In  American  Fork 
canyon,  near  American  Fork,  with  J.  J. 
Mercer,  C.  W.  Earl,  E.  J.  Wild,  J.  H. 
Wootton,  W.  H.  Greenwood,  J.  Green- 
wood and  H.  D.  Wild  as  directors. 

W.  S.  Lyle  of  California  and  W.  H. 
Grant  have  a  bond  and  lease  on  the  On- 
tario group,  near  American  Forks,  and 
have  started  a  new  tunnel. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY    COUNTY. 

Manager  Norman  of  the  Apollo  G.  M. 
Co.  says  operations  will  be  resumed  at  the 
California  mine,  near  Republic.   . 

Work  will  be  resumed  on  the  Nova 
mine,  southwest  of  the  Mountain  Lion 
mine,  near  Republic. 

The  shaft  going  down  from  the  tunnel 
level  of  the  Morning  Glory  mine,  near  Re- 
public, is  completed  to  the  No.  4  level,  300 
feet  below. 

The  News-Miner  says  negotiations  are 
pending  for  resumption  of  work  on  the 
Nova  mine,  southwest  of  the  Mountain 
Lion  mine,  near  Republic.  Two  tunnels 
have  been  driven,  cutting  the  vein  at 
depths  of  50  and  100  feet;  a  third  started 
that  would  reach  the  ledge  at  275  feet 
with  depth  of  150  feet  and  In  240  feet. 

Manager  A.  Dunphy  has  men  at  work 
on  the  Mineral  Hill  group,  near  Danville. 
The  company  has  twenty-six  claims  in 
the  group. 

J.  L.  Safford  and  A.  Rambo,  of  Ward- 
ner,  Idaho,  have  started  sluicing  oper- 
ations on  their  group  of  placers  near  Re- 
public. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

A  strike  of  copper  ore  is  reported  In  the 
tunnel  level  of  the  Ferrls-Haggarty  mine, 
near  Rudefeha,  of  the  North  American  C. 
Co.  at  Encampment.  The  16-mile  tram- 
way is  reported  transporting  300  tons  of 
ore  per  day  at  a  cost  of  $42,  or  less  than  \ 
cent  per  ton  per  mile.  J.  S.  Cary  of  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  Ib  president  of  the  company. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

TRANSVAAL. 

Manager  Way  of  the  New  Kleinfontein 
mine,  near  Johannesburg,  reports  during 
the  month  of  May  the  eastern  incline 
shaft  of  the  New  Kleinfontein  Co.  was 
sunk  213  feet  6  incheB.  The  shaft  is  21 
feet  by  6  feet  and  Is  down  2100  feet,  where 
sinking  will  cease  for  the  present.  This 
shaft  In  five  months  has  been  sunk  858 
feet  and  the  whole  of  the  unskilled  work 
has  been  done  by  natives. 
NATAL. 

The  Natal  Navigation  Collieries  &  Es- 
tate June  output  of  coal  was  11,128  tons. 

AUSTRALIA. 

NEW  SOUTH  WALES. 
The  S.  &  R.  Co.  of  Australia  report  dur- 
ing month  of  June:  Dore  bullion  was 
shipped  to  London  containing  8743  ounces 
of  gold  and  52,550  ounceB  of  silver;  also, 
114  tons  copper  matte,  containing  239 
ounces  gold,  8550  ounces  silver  and  fifty- 
five  tons  copper.  The  Boft  lead  produced 
during  the  month  and  disposed  of  in  the 
colonies  was  515  tons. 

QUEENSLAND. 

The  Brilliant  Central  G.  Co.,  at  Char- 
ters Towers,  July  1,  report:  Crushed  dur- 
ing month  of  June  3040  tons  of  quartz  for 
a  yield  of  2219  ounces  of  gold;  value  of 
cyanide  bullion,  £1497. 

TASMANIA. 
The  Mount  Lyell  M.  &  R.,  at  Mount 
Lyell,  July  2,  report:  From  May  28  to 
June  24,  Inclusive,  a  total  of  21,342  tons  of 
ore  were  treated,  the  average  assay  value 
being:  Copper,  2.02%;  silver,  2.18  ounces; 
gold,  .088  ounce  per  ton.     The  converters 


July  25,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


59 


produced  during  same  period  496  tone  of 
blister  copper,  containing:  Copper,  491 
tons;  silver,  49,293  ounces;  gold,  2070 
ounces.  During  same  period  there  were 
treated  5086  tons  of  metal-bearing  fluxes 
and  North  Mount  Lyell  Co.'s  ore. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

Development  work  was  started  last  week 
on  the  Clyde  group,  on  Sliver  Cup  moun- 
tain, owned  by  N.  Emo  of  Ferguson,  who 
also  owns  the  Red  Deer  group  In  same 
section.  The  ore  on  these  groups  Is  a 
carbonate  carrying  values  In  gold. 

The  shaft  at  the  Marble  Bay  mine,  Tex- 
ada  Island,  which  Is  down  400  feet,  will  be 
deepened  and  a  heavier  hoisting  plant  Is 
being  put  up.  The  hoist  Is  of  75  H.  P., 
with  5-foot  drum  and  capacity  of  700  feet 
of  cable. 

The  Boundary  Coal  Mines,  Ltd.,  of  Spo- 
kane, Wash.,  have  bonded  the  property 
of  the  company  to  J.  R.  Carllng  of  Exe- 
ter, Ont.  A  diamond  drill  outfit  will  be 
put  in  to  prospect  the  ground.  The  hold- 
ings comprise  2560  acres  In  North  Fork 
coal  basin,  50  miles  north  of  Grand  ForkB. 

A  third  stamp  mill  on  Wild  Horse  creek 
will  be  running  before  the  end  of  the  year, 
as  the  Pilot  Ymir  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  made 
arrangements  to  build  a  mill.  The  mine 
Is  9  miles  up  the  creek  from  Ymir. 

On  the  Oyster-Criterion  mine,  near  Fer- 
guson, men  are  at  work  on  mill,  aerial 
tram  and  power  Hume,  says  Manager  W. 
B.  Poal,  and  by  Sept.  1  the  mine  will  have 
the  compressor,  mill  and  aerial  tram 
lighted  throughout  with  electricity. 

Development  work  has  been  resumed  on 
the  Betts  &  HesperuB  group,  owned  by  the 
Hesperus  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.  of  Chicago,  111. 
The  group  is  on  Hardy  mountain,  4  miles 
from  Grand  Forks.  C.  Magee  of  Chicago 
Is  president. 

C.  Wolfle  and  J.  F.  Davanlt  of  Spokane, 
Wash.,  have  a  bond  on  the  Gold  Cup 
group,  2J  miles  north  of  Ymir  and  within 
2  miles  of  the  Nelson  &  Fort  Sheppard 
Railroad.  The  ore  Is  free-milling.  A  steam 
hoist  and  drill  plant  are  being  put  In. 

It  is  reported  the  strike  in  Dunsmuir's 
Cumberland  mines  has  been  declared  off, 
the  Mongolian  strike  breakers  having  been 
too  many  for  the  men.  Little  hope  is  en- 
tertained of  the  success  of  the  proceedings 
against  the  company  for  employing  Chi- 
nese underground,  which  Crown  Counsel 
D.  M.  Rogers  has  started,  who  says  a  test 
case  will  be  fought  through  the  Privy 
Council  in  England,  which  some  years  ago 
killed  a  law  similar  to  the  present  one. 

CANADA. 

ALBERTA. 
The  International  Coal  &  Coke  Co.,  op- 
erating coal  properties  at  Blairmore,  re- 
port work  on  the  erection  of  100  coke 
ovens  Is  under  way.  It  i8  expected  they 
will  be  ready  for  use  by  Sept.  1. 

ONTARIO. 
Superintendent  T.  Campbell  of  the  Sen- 
eca G.  M.  Co.'s  mines  at  Tache,  near 
Wablgoon,  reports  preparations  under 
way  for  increasing  development.  Addi- 
tional machinery,  including  a  mill,  will  be 
put  in.  The  company  proposes  to  quarry 
the  property  for  some  time  before  sinking 

a  shaft. It  is  thought  Michigan  men, 

who  are  interested  in  the  Beehive  mine, 
near  the  Royal  Sovereign  mines,  will  re- 
open it.  C.  Brent  of  Rat  Portage  is  man- 
ager.  W.    P.    Davidson    of    St.   Paul, 

Minn.,  manager  of  the  Royal  Sovereign 
mines,  says  work  will  be  resumed. 

INDIA. 

The  Champion  Reef  G.  Co.  return  for 
month  of  June:  14,895  tons  of  ore  pro- 
duced 14,960  ounces  gold;  19,332  tons  of 
tailings  (cyanide  proceBs)  produced  2332 

ounces   gold. The  Ooregum  G.  Co.,  at 

Ooregum,  return  for  month  of  June: 
11,911  tons  of  ore  produced  5939  ounces 
gold;  10,135  tons  of  tailings  (cyanide  pro- 
cess) produced  1198  ounces  gold. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA, 

The  Terrenates  M.  Co.  of  Parral  has 
decided  to  build  a  railroad  from  Minas 
NuevaB  to  its  property. 

La  Luz  G.  M.  Co.,  W.  D.  Pearce  gen- 
eral manager,  operating  at  Maguarichic, 
will  put  in  additional  machinery  this  sum- 
mer. 

It  is  reported  that  an  aption  has  been 
given  on  the  Lluvia  de  Oro  mine,  near 
Urique,  for  $2,000,000  gold,  to  the  United 
Mexican  M.  &  E.  Co.,  of  which  H.  E. 
Cary  of  New  York  is  a  member. 

M.  Wicks,  C.  E.  Delno  of  Austin,  Tex., 
and  W.  J.  Jones  of  Chihuahua  have  de- 
nounced 270  pertenencias  of  mineral 
ground  in  Santa  Eulalia  district,  west  of 
the  Baltimore  mine  and  on  the  mountain 
west  from  the  railroad  station  of  Santa 
Eulalia. 

GUANAJUATO. 

At  El  Cubo,  near  Guanajuato,  a  30- 
stamp  mill  is  being  erected  by  El  Cubo  M. 
&  M.  Co.  (the  reorganized   International 


M.  &  M.  Co.).  On  Guanajuato  river, 
Manager  E.  G.  Spillsbury,  for  G.  W. 
Bryant  of  Guanajuato,  says  plans  are  be- 
ing drawn  for  building  a  dredge  and  con- 
centrator for  treatment  of  amalgam,  etc., 
which  have  gathered  in  the  river  from 
the  patios  of  Guanajuato. 

MEXICO. 

Two  companies  were  organized  at  Mex- 
ico last  week  to  operate  In  El  Oro  district: 
The  Amistad  Co.,  owning  fifty  pertenen- 
cias on  the  Descubridora  vein  and  on 
which  there  Is  a  shaft  100  meters  deep. 
They  intend  to  clean  out  the  Bhaft  and 
sink  deeper,  for  which  they  are  putting 
in  hoist  and  pumping  machinery.  The 
officers  of  the  company  are  E.  Schroeder, 
J.  C.  Mordough  and  W.  O.  Staples.  The 
other  incorporation  Is  the  Descubridora 
M.  Co.,  which  will  work  a  claim  of  eighty 
pertenencias  called  La  Descubridora,  ad- 
joining El  Oro  mine  on  the  south.  This 
mine  Is  said  to  have  the  Descubridora, 
Chihuahua  and  Calera  veins  running 
through  It.  The  officers  are  J.  C.  Mor- 
dough, J.  Devereaux  and  J.  Keeler. 
NUEVO   LEON. 

W.  Hauser  and  A.   B.   Callender  have 
begun  operations  on  the  Santa  Catarina 
mine  at  El  Salado,  under  lease  and  bond, 
says  the  Monterey  News. 
OAXACA. 

Texas  men  have  begun  the  exploitation 
of  a  group  of  twenty  claims  near  Zimitlan, 
near  Ayoquesco,  17  miles  south  of  Oco- 
tlan. 

PUEBLA. 

The  Altos  Hornos  Mexicanos  Co.  at 
Tepeyahaulco  has  its  first  furnace  of  200 
tons  capacity  in  operation  and  has  started 
work  on  a,  second  one.  Pig  iron,  steel 
rails,  structural  iron  and  castings  of  all 
kinds  are  to  be  made.  A.  Zevalza  is  presi- 
dent and  E.  Segura  is  manager. 

SAN  LUIS  POTOSI. 

The  Begona  mine  at  San  Pedro,  H. 
Sturgis  superintendent,  has  been  leased 
by  the  San  Luis  Potosi  smelter,  which 
will  improve  its  workings.  A  narrow 
gauge  railroad  has  been  completed  con- 
necting San  Pedro  with  the  Bmelter's 
MeBa  Verde  road,  says  the  Enterprise. 
The  output  of  the  mine  is  5000  tons  per 
month  of  125  ore. 

SONORA. 

On  the  Cerro  del  Basaltequi,  near 
Arizpe,  a  large  number  of  locations  have 
been  made  with  the  respective  pertenen- 
ciaB  on  veins  which  give  good  grades  of 
gold  ores.  The  Adan,  Cinco  Senores,  Don 
Ramon  and  Dos  Amigos  have  been  sold 
for  $110,000  gold  to  R.  K.  Clancy,  who 
proposes  to  start  work  on  the  mines  and 
build  reduction  works. 

The  Nogales  Copper  Co.,  whose  mines 
are  near  Magdalena,  is  preparing  to  equip 
a  lOO-stamp  mill. 

The  La  Gran  Central  copper  mines  have 
been  sold  to  C.  Y.  de  Lay  and  C.  F.  Eapp 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  C.  R.  Lewis  of 
Oakland,  Cal.,  H.  E.  Owen  of  El  Paso, 
Tex.,  and  R.  Kirman  of  Reno,  Nev. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Moctezuma  Cop- 
per Co.  will  increase  their  production  in 
Nacozari  to  thirty-five  tons  of  fine  copper 
per  day.  The  concentrator  Is  running 
full  blaBt  and  the  ores  in  the  Porvinir  tun- 
nel will  be  handled. 

The  Cerro  Prieto  mine,  southeast  of 
Magdalena,  owned  by  C.  N.  Thomas,  has 
a  20-stamp  mill  in  operation.  A  1 00-stamp 
mill  and  cyanide  plant  are  proposed.  It 
1b  claimed  that  the  vein  is  70  feet  wide. 
There  is  a  main  working  tunnel. 
ZACATECAS. 

A  concession,  exempting  it  from  tax- 
ation for  ten  years,  has  been  granted  the 
Zaeatecas  Smelting  Co.,  that  is  to  build  a 
smelter  at  Zaeatecas. 


ft?  *S?  *  ■&  *  -&  *  <$t  &  •*•  *  *  &  •&  *  *  $)  *  <to>b  *  -&  &  <fc  &  jjy  35 
* 


Obituary. 


Thomas  Chalmers,  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  firm  of  Fraser  &  Chalmers  of 
Chicago,  died  on  the  13th  inst.  Thomas 
Chalmers  was  born  in  Dronley,  near  Dun- 
dee, Scotland,  June  14,  1816,  and  was  just 
entering  his  eighty-eighth  year.  His 
father  was  William  Chalmers,  a  manufac- 
turer of  linen.  At  the  age  of  14  he  waB 
apprenticed  to  a  Dundee  machinery  firm 
to  learn  the  trade  of  machinist,  which  he 
followed  in  all  its  branches  in  Scotland  and 
England  for  thirteen  years.  He  came  to 
America  in  1843.  In  1855,  with  P.  W. 
Gates,  E.  S.  Warner,  A.  G.  Warner  and 
David  R.  Fraser,  Mr.  Chalmers  formed 
the  firm  of  Gates,  Warner,  Chalmers  & 
Fraser,  which  was  succeeded  in  1857  by 
the  Eagle  Works  Manufacturing  Co.  In 
the  winter  of  1871-72  this  corporation  was 
dissolved,  and  with  Mr.  Fraser,  Robert 
Anthony  and  David  Marchant,  Mr.  Chal- 
mers formed  the  firm  of  Fraser  &  Chal- 
mers. Two  years  ago  this  company,  with 
three  others,  was  merged  into  the  Allis- 


Chalmers  Co.,  and  Mr.  Chalmers,  Sr., 
withdrew  from  active  participation  In  its 
management. 

Luther  Stieringer  of  New  York,  an 
electrician  of  note,  died  at  Pasadena,  Cal., 
on  the  17th  inst.  Mr.  Stieringer  was  the 
designer  of  the  electrical  display  at  the 
Pan-American  Exposition  at  Buffalo,  N. 
Y.  He  was  consulting  engineer  for  the 
General  Electrical  Co.  of  New  York  and 
patented  many  well-known  electrical  appli- 
ances. During  his  stay  in  California  Mr. 
Stieringer  received  the  John  Scott  medal, 
awarded  to  the  man  most  noted  in  his 
achievements  in  electrical  science.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Franklin  Institute  of 
Pennsylvania  for  the  promotion  of  me- 
chanical science  and  of  the  American  As- 
sociation for  the  Advancement  of  Science. 


?C  *T*TT»1'»»W»1'*»«»TW*wTTT'ill»  * 


PERSONAL. 


*  * 

G.  L.  CARR  of  Carrvllle,  Trinity  county, 
Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Albert  C.  Koch  is  manager  of  the 
Alta  Mines  Co.  at  Telluride,  Colo. 

G.  Mitchell  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

F.  L.  Brown  of  Brown  &  Beal,  San 
Francisco,  has  returned  from  the  East. 

S.  R.  Young,  interested  in  mines  near 
Lovelock,  Nev.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  S.  GUPFY  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  inter- 
ested in  oil  properties,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

S.  Newhouse  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
is  at  Redstone,  near  Glenwood  Springs, 
Colo. 

C.  W.  CONKLING  of  Tekama,  Neb.,  is 
in  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

M.  L.  Requ  a  has  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  from  his  copper  interests  near 
Ely,  Nev. 

W.  F.  Bray  of  Placerville,  El  Dorado 
county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on 
mining  business. 

J.  E.  Poindexter,  interested  in  mineB 
near  Grass  Valley,  Nevada  county,  Cal.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Chas.  M.  Dobson,  a  New  York  mining 
engineer,  is  inspecting  mining  properties 
in  Shasta  county,  Cal. 

R.  S.  Baverstock  has  returned  to  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  from  an  examination  of  lead 
mines  at  Arivaca,  Ariz. 

R.  Keller,  manager  of  the  Emma 
mine,  Dunton,  Colo.,  returned  there  last 
week  from  Denver,  Colo. 

A.  L.  Robinson  of  Auburn,  Cal.,  in- 
terested in  Placer  county  mines,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  on  business. 

M.  L.  Effinger  is  superintendent  of 
the  Wolverine  mine  at  Park  City,  Utah, 
vice  L.  A.  Jeffs,  resigned. 

George  W.  Lloyd  of  Boston,  Mass., 
who  has  extensive  Oregon  -mining  inter- 
ests, is  In  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

H.  L.  Westlake  is  superintendent  of 
the  Coronado  mine  of  the  W.  B.  Thomp- 
son M.  Co.,  near  Clifton,  Ariz. 

J.  T.  Morrow,  of  Great  Falls,  Mont., 
is  general  manager  of  the  Cananea  Con. 
C.  Co.,  at  Cananea,  Sonora,  Mex. 

C.  L.  Shirley  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Aberdeen  Copper  Co.,  near  Lordsburg, 
N.  M.,  vice  H.  N.  Bowen,  resigned. 

President  E.  L.  White  of  the  Bing- 
ham Con.  M.  &  S.  Co.  has  returned  to 
Boston,  Mass.,  from  Bingham,  Utah. 

J.  H.  Pratt  of  New  York,  head  of  the 
Golden  Fissure  Co.  with  mines  near  Flor- 
ence, Pinal  Co.,  Ariz.,  is  at  the  mines. 

W.  A.  Hewitt,  president  of  the  Com- 
pressed Air  Machinery  Co.,  has  returned 
from  New  York  to  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  E.  Thorne,  formerly  of  George- 
town, Cal.,  has  returned  from  Alaska  to 
develop  a  California  cinnabar  deposit. 

H.  F.  BROWN,  E.  M  ,  has  returned  to 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  mine  examin- 
ations in  the  Okanogan  country,  B.  C. 

W.  A.  Wilson  returned  last  week  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  examining 
mining  interests  in  Bagdad  district,  Cal. 

W.  C.  Orem  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
manager  of  the  Utah-Apex  properties  at 
Bingham,  Utah,  iB  visiting  in  California. 

W.  L.  Watts,  E.  M.,  has  returned  from 
San  Francisco,  Cal,  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
for  the  purpose  of  making  oil  land  and 
mine  examinations. 

W.  G.  Dodd,  president  of  the  Union 
Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  1b  ex- 
pected to  return  from  New  York  next 
week. 


J.  L.  Mery  has  resigned  as  mechanical 
engineer  for  the  United  Verde  C.  Co.  at 
Jerome,  Ariz.,  and  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

V.  C.  Alderson  of  Chicago,  111.,  has 
assumed  the  duties  of  the  presidency  of 
the  Colorado  School  of  MineB  at  Golden, 
Colo. 

C.  T.  Mixer,  superintendent  of  the 
Creole  and  J.  I.  C.  mines  at  Park  City, 
Utah,  returned  last  week  from  a  business 
trip  to  Colorado. 

L.  C.  Doty,  formerly  superintendent  of 
the  Ely  M.  &  M.  Co.,  at  Ely,  Nev.,  is 
superintendent  of  the  Pilot  Knob  mines 
at  the  same  place. 

P.  S.  Merrill,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Log  Cabin  M.  Co.,  1b  conduct- 
ing operations  at  their  properties  near 
Marysvale,  Utah. 

N.  B.  Knox,  E.  M.,  of  San  Franoisco, 
Cal.,  has  been  making  examinations  of 
copper  deposits  in  the  high  Sierras  In 
Tulare  county,  Cal. 

President  G.  W.  Daines  of  the 
Belcher  mine,  near  Sumpter,  Or.,  has  re- 
moved his  headquarters  from  Spokane, 
Wash.,  to  Sumpter. 

W.  B.  MUCKLOW  of  Hartford,  Conn., 
president  of  the  Majestic  C.  Co.  at  Mil- 
ford,  Utah,  Is  visiting  In  California  after 
a  trip  to  their  mines. 

W.  Kraft,  part  owner  of  the  Descu- 
bridora mine  (the  Goat  Ranch  mine),  near 
Chihuahua,  Mexico,  returned  last  week 
to  Chihuahua  from  New  York. 

H.  D.  Smith,  recently  with  the  Tom- 
boy G.  M.  Co  ,  Ltd.,  of  Telluride,  Colo.,  Is 
In  San  Francisco,  Cal,  from  an  examina- 
tion of  mines  near  Butte,  Mont. 

T.  B.  COMSTOCK,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
Is  consulting  engineer  of  the  Carmen  Cop- 
per Co.  of  New  York,  whose  properties 
are  in  the  State  of  Durango,  Mex. 

J.  B.  Coplen,  of  Tucson,  Ariz.,  man- 
ager of  the  Pacific  M.  &  M.  Co.,  is  at 
Globe,  Ariz.,  to  remain  for  some  time, 
superintending  development  work. 

J.  E.  Beveridge  has  resigned  as  man- 
ager of  the  Dixie  mines  and  smelter  near 
St.  George,  Washington  county,  Utah,  to 
devote  his  time  to  personal  interests. 

L.  A.  Jeffs  has  resigned  as  manager 
of  the  Wolverine  mine  at  Park  City, 
Utah,  to  give  his  entire  attention  to  oper- 
ations at  Alta,  Salt  Lake  county,  Utah. 

J.  A.  Chanslor  of  the  Associated  Oil 
Co.,  and  also  interested  in  the  Coalinga 
fields,  returned  to  Bakersfield,  Cal.,  last 
week  from  a  six  weeks'  visit  in  the  East. 

W.  W.  Harts,  captain  U.  S.  Corps  of 
Engineers,  relieves  Captain  R.  P.  John- 
ston as  secretary  and  disbursing  officer  of 
the  California  Debris  Commission,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

C.  DOOLITTLE,  former  superintendent 
of  the  Bimetallic  smelter  of  Leadville, 
Colo.,  is  manager  of  the  Dixie  mines  and 
smelter,  near  St.  George,  Utah,  vice  J.  E. 
Beveridge,  resigned. 

Francis  V.  Greene  of  New  York, 
formerly  president  of  the  National  As- 
phalt Co.,  was  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  this 
week,  and  has  returned  east  via  Ogden, 
Utah,  and  Yellowstone  Park. 

Theo.  F.  Van  Wagenen,  E.  M.,  who 
has  charge  of  extensive  mining  develop- 
ments at  Salisbury,  Rhodesia,  South  Af- 
rica, is  of  the  belief  that  some  of  the  pres- 
ent workings  of  the  Rhodesia  Goldfields, 
Ltd.,  are  on  the  site  of  the  ancient  gold 
fields  of  King  Solomon  and  Hiram  of  Tyre. 

G.  W.  Price,  for  the  past  eight  years 
manager  for  the  Krogh  Mfg.  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  has  retired  from  that  firm 
and  organized  the  manufacturing  enter- 
prise of  G.  W.  Price  &  Co.  Their  princi- 
pal product  will  be  centrifugal  pumps  for 
irrigation  and  reclamation  of  land,  dredg- 
ing and  draining;  also,  tailing  pumps. 


|  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

%if*tpcf'tfi(![tqit![ii![*cficpil[tipeli(freficjdifrifrqiificfitpcftef>cf'$i 

Meese  &  Gottfried  Co.,  San  Fran- 
cisco,  Cal,  are  Pacific  coast  agents  for  the 
Link  Belt  Machinery  Co.  of  Chicago,  111. 

The  Mining  Company  de  Penoles,  of 
the  State  of  Durango,  Mexico,  is  installing 
four  Jeanesville  Iron  Works  electric  sta- 
tion pumps  for  1000  feet  lift. 

Henshaw,  Bulkley  &  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal,  report  preliminary  tests 
made  with  the  Kinkead  mill,  being  run 
against  five  stamps  at  the  Keystone  mine, 
in  Amador  county,  Cal.,  show  thirteen 
tons  of  rock  crushed  per  twenty-four 
hours,  UBing  but  3J  H.  P.— which  equals 
the  guarantee. 


60 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


July  25, 1903. 


JP  &  4)  4>  <&"  &  <&  <fc  *  *  &  "&  *  <&  *fc>  *  >&  'if  rjj  >&  >&  r*j  <&  ?Jj  lit?  !*>  35 


* 
* 


Catalogues  Received. 


* 

The  Jeffrey  Mfg.  Co.  of  Columbus,  O., 
has  issued  a  handsome  catalogue  (No.  19) 
on  mining  machinery  manufactured  by 
them.  It  describes  electrical  coal-cutting 
machinery,  boring  apparatus,  under- 
ground locomotives,  electrical  motors, 
etc.,  electric  mine  pumps,  hoists,  convey- 
ors, etc.     It  is  handsomely  illustrated. 


New  Patents. 


Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  inventors: 

FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING  JULY   14,   1903. 

733,572.— Rod— C.  P.  Axelson,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

733,795—  Logging  Spool  —  R.  Bsrr,  Carrollton, 
Wash  Z 

733,803  — Chair— C.  C.  Black,  Healdsbu'g,  Cal. 

733,455— Elevator  llutch-J.  A    bridges.  S.  P. 

733,372.— Nipple— F.  A  Colwell  Oakes>dale,  Wash. 

733,629.— Rafting  Dog— T.  H.Curtis,  r  storia,  Or 

783,463.— oil  Burner— K.  D.  Dennison,  Stock- 
ton, Cal. 

733,823.— Miter  Box— R.H.  Dorn,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

733,704  —Mail  Box— W.  G.  Dougall,  S-  P. 

733,711.— Water  Level  Indicator.— Flood,  Sayer 
&  Campbell.  Spokane,  Wash, 

733  636.— Sharpening  Saws— G.  A.  W.  &  J.  H.  L. 
Folkers.  S.  F. 

733,907  —Mining  Cage— Hanson  &  Dwight,  Los 
Angeles.  Oal. 

733.5P3.— Freight  Barge— L  R.  Harvey,  S.  P. 

733,652.— Lock  for  Sidewalk  Elevator  Doors— 
P,  H.  Jackson.  S.  F. 

733,397.— Mechanical  Stoker  —  E.  W-  Jones, 
Portland,  Or. 

733,487.— Washer— E.  H-  Krebs,  Osnard,  Cal. 

733,488 —Weather  Strip— J.  B.  A.  La  Jeunesse, 
Alameda,  Cal. 

733,489.— Weather  Strip— J  B.  A.  La  Jeunesse, 
Alameda,  Cal. 

733,552.— Miner's  Crate— G.  R.  MacDonald,  Se- 
attle, Wash. 

733,730.— Boiler -H  A.  Miller,  Crockett,  Cal. 

733.418.— Loading  Device— T.  M.  Park,  DarriDg- 
ton,  Wash. 

733,740.— Gas  Generator-J.  S.  Philpott,  Wind- 
sor, Cal. 

733,748.— SEWER  TRAP-F.  W.  Rathbuo,  S.  F. 

733,749.— Drag  Saw  Frame  —  E.  E.  Redfleld, 
Grants  Pass,  Or. 

733,599.— Loose  Leaf  Binder— W.  Saunders,  Oak- 
land, Cal. 

733,754.— Nut  Lock— P.  C.  Secor,  S.  P. 

733,683.— Fruit  Carrikr— G.  W  Stevens,  S.  F. 

733,882.— Propellor—C.  H  Taylor,  Seattle,  Wash. 

733,770.— Pipe  Wrench- J.  B.  Tupper,  S.  P.- 

733,771—  Tin  Foiling  Bottles  —  Twitchel  & 
Brown,  Los  Angeles,  Cal- 

733,444,  —Carburetor— L  F.  Washburne,  S.  F. 

733,449.— Bag  Holder  —  B.  H.  Wlllsie,  Red- 
ding, Cal. 

733,889.— Baby  Buggy— Susan  C  Wolf  skill.  Win- 
ters, Cal.   

Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
.Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agenoy,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

MAIL  BOX.— No.  733,704.  July  14,  1903.  W.  G. 
Dougall,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Assigned  to  W.  W. 
Montague  &  Co  ,  of  same  plaoe,  a  corporation  of 
California.  This  invention  is  especially  designed 
for  the  rural  delivery  and  collection  of  mail  matter. 
It  consists  in  such  construction  i  f  the  uoxor  recep- 
tac'e  with  a  securing  hasp  and  a  signalling  tar- 
get that  tbe  box  m°ybe  locked  with  the  target 
exposed  when  there  is  any  mail  matter  within  it 
to  be  collected  either  by  the  postman  or  the  par- 
ties to  which  it  is  to  be  addressed,  and  in  the 
same  connection  means  for  similarly  locking  the 
box  with  the  target  concealed  when  there  is  no 
mail  matter  within. 

Acetylene  Gas  Generator  —No.  733,740.  July 
14, 1903.  J-  S.  Philpott,  Windsor,  Cal.  One-half  as- 
signed to  G  A  Nalley.  of  same  place.  This  inven- 
tion relates  io  an  apparatus  for  the  manufacture 
and  storage  of  acetylene  gas  and  the  means  for  au- 
tomatically supplying  the  calcium  carbide  when 
necessary  and  cutting  it  off  at  proper  intervals. 
It  consists  of  a  generator,  a  rising  and  falling 
gasometer,  a  reservoir  for  the  carbide  movable  in 
unison  with  the  gasometer,  a  cut-off  device  and 
the  rising  and  falling  bell  and  with  an  exterior 
stationary  point  whereby  the  two  operate  to  actu- 
ate the  cut-off  valve  and  open  it  upon  the  reduction 
of  the  supply  and  descent  of  the  gas  holder  and  to 
olose  it  and  cut  off  the  supply  by  the  ingress  of 
gas  and  the  rise  of  the  gasometer. 

Locking  attachment  for  Sidewalk-Eleva- 
tor DOORS— No.  733,652.  July  14,  1903.  P.  H. 
Jackson,  San  Francisco,  Cal  This  invention  re- 
lates to  improvements  in  lockiog  attachments  for 
doors  wh'ch  are  closable  upon  sidewalks  and  in 
like  places,  and  especially  used  in  conjunction 
with  elevators  which  run  between  the  basement 
and  the  sidewalk  level.  Such  doors  are  usually 
provided  with  spring  or  gravity-actuated  latches 
which  operate  automatically  to  lock  the  doors 
from  within  after  they  are  closed  and  which  are 
retracted  to  release  the  doors  by  tho  upward 
movement  of  the  elevator.  This  invention  con- 
sists in  such  a  construction  of  the  gravity-aotu- 
ated  latch  that  they  will  be  retracted  by  the 
closing  of  the  doors  when  the  latter  are  allowed 
to  close  without  losing  the  bail. 

Fruit  Carrier— No.  733,683.  July  14,  1903. 
Geo.  W.  Stevens,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This  inven- 
tion is  designed  to  provide  an  automatically  ad- 
justable cnmpartment  case  suited  to  fruits  of 
different  sizes  and  character,  and  so  that  those  of 
the  most  delicate  nature  can  be  safely  transported 
on  account  of  the  perfect  fit  within  the  compart- 
ments and  the  taking  up  of  any  slack  between 
each  of  ihe  upper  and  lower  series  of  compart- 
ments by  reason  of  the  double  horizontal  dia- 
phragms. 

Device  for  Sharpening  Saws.— No.  733,636. 
July  14, 1903.  G.  A.  W.  &  J.  H.  Li.  Folkers,  San 
Pranotsoo,  Cal.  This  invention  relates  to  im- 
provements In  saw-riling  and  sharpening  machines 
of  th"  type  employing  rotary  cutters  or  grinders. 
The  object  is  to  provide  a  sharpener  which  may  be 
applied  to  any  ordinary  saw  and  may  be  held  and 
operated  m  a  uniform  relation  to  the  teeth  thereof 
and  which  shall  have  its  fl'e  or  grinding  members 
so  disposed  as  to  act  upon  the  teeth  to  best  advan- 
tage, and  without  tbe  nerve-racking  noise  ordinar- 
ily accompanying  such  work. 


Latest    JTarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  July  24,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVEB.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
25|d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver,  54Jc,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  B4Jc;  Mexican  dollars,  41c 
San  Francisco,  42Je  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.50;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.25@13.50; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  caBks,  $13.62£@13.75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $14.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.    London:    £56  spot  per  ton. 

The  copper  market  shows  much  weak- 
ness and  prices  are  falling.  The  heavy 
buyers  still  defer  placing  the  anticipated 
large  orders  and  the  producers  seem  un- 
willing to  urge  them  by  cutting  prices  to 
a  still  lower  point.  The  result  is  an  un- 
easy and  bearish  market.  Production 
has  been  stimulated  to  such  a  degree  by 
the  high  price  of  the  past  year  and  the 
generally  low  cost  of  production  that  this 
increase  in  output  is  now  probably  being 
felt  in  the  metal  market  and  somewhat 
lower  prices  are  anticipated. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.30;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  4}c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  5 J,  sheet  6,  bar  5Jc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  7s  6d  per  long  ton=2.75c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $6.12};  St 
Louis,  $4.85  ;  London,  £20  15s  per  ton  ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6|c;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
9jc;  Hallett's,  8}c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  10c ;  300  to  BOO  lbs.,  lie;  100-lb. 
lots.  13@15c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $27.25@27.50; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  29ic:  600  Its.,  30c; 
200  fcs.,  30Jc;  less,  31c;  bar  tin,  <fi  ft,  32Jc 
@35c.    London,  £126  5s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  $  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  76@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44.50® 
46.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  %  flask  of  70  j  lbs.  ; 
Denver,  $49.60.     Export,  $43.50. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6jc;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  36c;  No.  2,  80%,  30c  to  31c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots 
19ic;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft 
lots,  16c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  ft  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— PlttBburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $19.50 
@19.85;  gray  forge,  $18  60;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  f,  ft.,  3 Jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
»28.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $29.00; 
SaD  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.36  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germania,  S2.50@2.75; 
Hewmoor,  $2.90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2.50@2.75  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  15}c;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13Jo;  less  than  one  ton. 
15}c.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lots,  ll|c;  less 
than  one  ton,  13}c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2 
35%,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  less  than  one  ton. 
UJc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.60;  6x, 
$8;  Lion,  $8,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  18  oz.,  40s., 
10}c%set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  9}c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-»9%,  jobbing,  24@25c  $ft.;  carloads, 
23@24}c;  in  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  $  100 
iis. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  2}@2|c  $ 
Ik.;  caustic  soda,  In  drums,  3@3JciR  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.60  fi  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 


of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c$  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2@ 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2@3c ;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2jc; 
sulphide  of  iron,  9c  $  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
6@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2  60@2.75; 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  2Jc 
$  ft. :  nitric  acid,  in  carboys,  8c  $  lb. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  lbs. ,  per  ft.,  6  je;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  }c  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6}c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6Jc. 
LITHARGE.— Pure,   in  25-ft.    bags,   8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5®6c  per 
ft.   No.  1,  4®5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,    7®9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 
BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 
MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 
MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 
CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 
BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,  per  ft.,  $1.60. 
MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 
PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)    %   ft., 
76c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  %oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  $  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34o;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 
URANIUM.— Oxide,  B  ft.,  $3.60. 
ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c;  sulphate/^  ft.,  .04c. 
COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coaBt,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $6.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .50 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8;  Cumberland,  $12;  Cannel, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks ;  Sunnyside,  $8.60, 
long  ton. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


FOR  SALE. 


u, 


FOR  SALE— Good  interest  in  a  copper  and  gold 
property;  160  acres,  near  R.  R.  in  California 
Large  quantity  of  ore  shipped ;  last  shipment  25. 45% 
copper,  $9  50  gold  and  silver.  Fine  ore  supply  One- 
half  purchase  price  from  mine,  balance  easy  cash 
payments.  Fine  property  for  incorporation.  Ad- 
dress "Manager,"  this  offloe. 


Tonopah  Claims  for  Sale. 

I  have  several  good  prospects  for  sale,  lnoated 
in  known  mineral  belt  in  Tonopah  mining  district. 
Groups  s  itable  for  incorporation.  Claims  ftlOU.OC 
to  $250.00  each.    Correspondence  solioited. 

Address    WALTER  OSBORN, 

BOX  309,  TONOPAH,  NEVADA. 


LlLLOOET,    FRASER    RIVER    &    CARIBOO 

GOLD     FIELDS,     LIMITED. 

Ill  Liquidation. 

List    of    Properties    to    Be    Sold    by   Private 

Tender,  Pursuant  to  the  Directions 

of  the  Liquidators. 

Trout  Lake  Mining  Division. 

ALPHA.  GROUP  (better  known  as  "Broadview 
Group"),  comprising  9  Crown-granted  mineral 
claims,  or  fractional  claims,  situated  on  Great 
r\orthern  mountain,  above  Ferguson,  B.  C,  to- 
gether with  two  blocks  of  lacd,  namely :  Lot  l  U4, 
situated  just  west  of  Ferguson  townsite.  and  lot 
2449,  situated  about  2  miles  northeasterly  from 
Ferguson  on  the  North  Fork  of  Lardeau  river,  at 
the  foot  of  Great  Northern  mountain. 

LANDS  situated  on  Galena  Bay,  Upper  Arrow 
Lake.  Three  blocks  of  land  comprising,  in  all, 
about  650  acres. 

Rosflland  Camp, 
The  "OITY    OF    SPOKANE"   and  "NORTH 

star"  mineral  claims,  together  with  the  build- 
ings and  equipment  thereon. 

Boundary  District. 

The  '  NETA"  mineral  claim,  Crown-granted, 
situated  in  what  is  known  as  "Brown's  Camp," 
and  the  ••yOJRBN  inr  SPADcS"  mineral  claim, 
Crown-granted,  situated  in  what  is  known  as 
"Central  Camp." 

IllHclllewaet  Mining:  D  vision. 

The  LANARK  GROUP,  comprising  15  Crown- 
granted  minernl  claims,  or  fractional  claims,  sit- 
uated on  the  main  line  of  the  Canadian  Paolfic 
railway ,  near  Illeolllewaet,  B.  C. 

Parties  desiring  to  put  in  a  tender  for  anyone  or 
more  of  the  above  mentioned  properties  shoulu 
have  their  engineer  on  the  ground,  and  examina- 
tion made,  without  delay. 

Further  particulars  and  conditions  of  sale  and 
forms  of  tender  (which  are  to  be  sent  In  not  laier 
than  August  15th,  1AU3,)  may  be  obtained  gratis 
of  the  Liquidators,  College  Hill  Chambers,  College 
Hill,  London,  E.  C,  and  J.  V.  Armstrong,  Revel- 
stoke,  British  Columbia. 

Dated  June  15th,  1903.  July  31. 


ASSAYER  AND  CYANIDE  MILLMAN  DE- 
■**•  sires  position.  References.  Address  "As- 
sayer,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

pHEMIST  AND  ASSAYER  DESIRES  POSI- 
*-*  tion  in  mine  or  refinerv.  No  objection  to 
foreign  countries.    Address  V.J.H.,  this  office. 


CIRST-CLASS  MINING  AND  LAND  SUR- 
1  veyor.  Draughtsman,  etc. ,  desires  position. 
Address  H.  W.  K.,  Bos  74,  Long  Beach,  Wash. 

TWINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
iT1  with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  offloe. 


MINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
1,1  at  present  general  manager  of  a  large  mining 
concern  in  Mexico,  desires  to  change  his  pos>- 
tiou  Would  need  four  months'  notice.  Address 
F.B.A.S.,  care  of  ihis  office. 


HELP   WANTED 


j 


Required  for  Copper 
Mines  in  Arizona 

empl  ying  about  ^50  men,  youog  mining  engineer 
of  good  technical  education  and  some  experience 
in  mining  and  mechanics,  to  act  as  assistant  to 
superintendent.  Address  SHANNON  COPPER 
CO  . «  llftoo,  Ariz. 


c 


WANTED. 


] 


CAPABLE  ENGINEER  OF  GOOD  STANDING 
and  experience  would  like  to  purchase  an  in- 
terest In  an  established  engineering  business- 
mining  or  civil.  Only  a  business  capable  of  ex- 
pansion and  doing  high  grade  work  Is  desired. 
Address  "Experience,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 

WANTED--MILL    TAILINGS, 

Gold,  silver  or  lead,  in  New  Mexico,  Arizona  or 
oid  Mexico.  Will  buy  or  lease.  Give  location, 
quantity  and  value.  A.  E.  VAN  VELSAN,  Tellu- 
ride,  Colorado.    Box  181. 

Backing   Desired  to  Look  Up 
Mining  Properties. 

References  exohanged.     Address  "R",  this  office. 


WANTED — Kitrate  of  Soda  Deposits  on  the 
Pacific  Coast. 

Address  "Nitrate,"  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


WRITE    TO    U5 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL     MEN 

For  all  classes  of  work. 
0OOO  positions  rilled  in  10  years. 

Engineering  Ag©ncy 

210  Monadnook  Block.  CHICAGO. 


DON'T  BUY 

MINING    STOCKS 

UNTIL  YOU  SEE  OUR  LOW  QUOTATIONS 
on  the  stocks  of  a  thousand  companies.  We 
will  send  FREE  ON  APPLICATION  our 

SPECIAL  PRICE  LIST. 

We  Pay  Cash  for  Bargains. 
CATLIN  &  POWELL  CO., 

Ho.  944,  35  Wall  St..  HEW  TORE. 


THE  JOHANNESBURG 
QOLD  MINES  CO. 

Requests  that  its  proposition  be  investigated. 
Send  for  prospectus  and  engineer's  report. 
Price  50  cents. 

PACIFIC  COAST  MINES  BUREAU, 
382-3-4  Wilcox  Bldg., 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Reference— State  Bank  &  Trust  Co. 


GOF»F»ER     MINES 

Near  two  railroads;  300-ft.  vein;  large  amount  of 
ore  shipped;  area  \i  mile  by  %  mile.  A  good  in- 
terest will  be  given  for  300  to  500  ft.  workiDg  shaft, 
or  olamond  drill  work.   Address  Agent,  this  office. 


EXCEPTIONAL  BARGAIN  I 

ONE  FOUR-FOOT  FRUE  VANNER,  fitted  with 
Brownell  Patent  Lip  Flange  Belt.  Vanner  and 
Belt  absolutely  new.  Address  Fricot  &  Miller, 
Latrobe,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


Whole  No.  2245. 


VOLUME  LXXXVII. 

Number  S. 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  1,  1903. 


TI1HKE   DOLLIHS   PKR  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


ilining  flethods. 

Every  miner  is  interested  in  all  that  pertains  to 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  Theories  are  well 
enough,  and  necessary  to  advancement,  but  the  prac- 
tical miner  desires  practical  methods — those  which 
have  actually  been  applied  and  are  known  to  work  sat- 
isfactorily. He  desires  methods  which  may  be  em- 
ployed to  his  advantage,  and  while  the  miner  is 
proverbially  conservative,  and  not  infrequently  too 
much  so,  he  seidom  fails  to  realize  the  value  of  that 
which  operates  to  his  benefit. 

In  mining  practice  there  is  nothing  more  practical, 
more  necessary  nor  more  important  than  methods  for 


ginia  &  California  on  the  same  lode,  which  was  more 
than  five  times  as  broad  in  its  widest  place.  The  ore 
in  the  Ophir  mine— rich,  but  soft  and  crumbling — 
was  mined  with  extreme  danger.  Surrounded  by 
riches,  they  were  unable  to  extract  the  ore  except 
at  an  extreme  risk  of  the  lives  of  the  miners. 

Out  of  this  anomalous  condition  the  square  set 
method  of  timbering  was  evolved,  and  this  has  been 
introduced  into  great  mines  throughout  the  vorld, 
proving  sufficient  for  many  years,  but  the  demand 
for  still  closer  economies  has  rendered  various  modi- 
fications of  this  excellent  and  ingenious  system  im- 
perative. 

In  the  issue  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


but  he  finds  it  inexpedient  to  apply  the  methods  of 
Spain  to  the  mines  of  Australia.  The  "  block  sys- 
tem" as  practiced  at  Broken  Hill,  while  similar  to 
that  at  the  Homestake,  seems  to  possess  some 
features  which  are  superior  to  those  of  the  latter, 
particularly  where  the  square  set  is  used  as  a  lining, 
as  it  were,  to  the  ends  of  the  blocks,  there  being  no 
timber  at  all  in  the  center  of  the  stope. 

By  this  ingenious  system  good  ventilation  is  se- 
cured ;  the  breaking  and  handling  of  ore  is  reduced 
to  a  minimum  ;  the  miners  are  as  safe  as  they  could 
be  in  any  large  mine  ;  the  danger  of  knocking  down 
several  sets  of  timbers  previously  placed  is  practi- 
cally averted,   and  it  leaves   the  alternate    blocks 


Rosario  Mine,  Guadaloupe  y  C«lvo,  Mexico.    Mill  In  Center  «nd  Vein  Cropping:  on  the  Hill  at  the  Left.    (See  page  64.) 


supporting  underground  excavations,  whether  by 
timbering  or  filling  or  by  a  combination  of  both.  The 
methods  of  timbering  mines  are  almost  as  varied  as 
the  numerous  types  of  veins  and  deposits.  Prior  to 
the  opening  of  the  Comstock  lode  in  1860,  the  exca- 
vation of  a  large  stope  was  always  attended  with 
great  difficulty  and  danger,  in  a  country  where  there 
was  much  water  or  even  moisture  in  the  rocks.  In 
desert  regions  it  was  not  uncommon  to  excavate 
large  masses  with  comparative  safety,  but  the  aver- 
age large  vein  was  mined  with  great  attendant 
danger  and  the  attempt  often  met  with  disaster. 

The  development  of  the  Comstock  mines  at  Vir- 
ginia City,  Nevada,  brought  to  the  miner  a  new  and 
unheard  of  condition — a  vein  of  what  in  that  day  was 
considered  phenomenal  width  (65  feet),  but  which 
seems  small  when  compared  with  the  subsequent  de- 
velopment of  the  "  great  bonanza  "   of  the  Con.  Vir- 


of  July  4  is  described  briefly  the  manner  of  mining 
in  some  portions  of  the  Homestake  mine  in  the  Black 
Hills  of  South  Dakota  by  the  method  there  known  as 
the  block  system,  and  it,  or  some  modification  of  it, 
is  absolutely  essential  to  the  stoping  of  wide  veins  of 
low-grade  ore  in  any  country  where  wages  are  $2.50 
to  $4  per  day.  Other  methods  have  been  introduced 
in  other  countries  where  no  timber  at  all  was  used, 
but  labor  was  to  be  had  at  a  few  cents  per  day,  as, 
for  instance,  at  Rio  Tinto,  Spain,  where  G.  D.  Del 
Prat  devised  a  method  of  mining  a  large  ore  body 
(200  feet  wide)  without  timbering,  filling  every  exca- 
vation carefully  by  hand.  This,  unfortunately,  is  not 
applicable  in  many  places  for  commercial  reasons. 

In  the  issues  of  July  18th  and  25th  and  in  this  issue 
are  described  mine  methods  adopted  at  the  Broken 
Hill  mines  in  New  South  Wales,  Australia.  Mr.  Del 
Prat  is  manager  of  a  large  mine  on  that  great  lode, 


standing  in  such  shape  that  they  may  be  safely  and 
economically  extracted  at  any  subsequent  time. 

Unfortunately,  this  open  timberless  method  of 
stoping  can  only  be  employed  in  those  mines  having  a 
fairly  good,  sound  back.  Where  the  back  is  treach- 
erous the  full  square  set  should  be  employed,  and  the 
filling  kept  well  up  to  the  back.  By  the  latter  sys- 
tem, in  very  bad  ground  it  would  seem  advisable  to 
reduce  the  width  of  a  stope  block  from  50  feet,  as  at 
Broken  Hill,  or  60  feet,  as  at  the  Homestake,  to  40 
feet,  or  even  30  feet.  This  narrower  width  will  facili- 
tate the  disposal  of  the  ore  by  shoveling  into  the  mill 
holes  at  the  ends  of  the  stope.  If  the  back  is  good 
or  fairly  so,  and  the  50  or  60-foot  block  is  decided 
upon,  it  would  appear  that  it  would  be  economy  to 
provide  a  center  line  of  mill  holes,  which  would  ren- 
der it  unnecessary  for  shovelers  to  throw  rock  more 
than  15  feet  to  any  mill  hole. 


62 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

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TABLE   OF   CONTENTS. 


illustrations:  -™ffe- 

Rosario  Mine,  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Mexico 61 

Mala  Noche,  an  American  Home  in  Mexico 64 

Open  "Workings  and  Tunnel  Rosario  Mine,  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo, 

Mexico 64 

The  Block  System  of  Stoping 67 

Thos.  Stuart  Chalmers 68 

The  Torpedo  Drill,  Set  on  Column  Arm 69 

Sectional  View  Torpedo  Drill 69 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 70 

editorial: 

Mining  Methods 61 

The  March  of  Progress 62 

Chinese  for  the  Rand,  South  Africa 62 

Economies  in  Mining 62 

Evolution  of  Metallurgy  in  Butte,  Mont 62 

"  Making  Gold  " 62 

Wage  Rate  for  Poor  or  Good  Workmen 62 

MINING   SUMMARY 71-72-73-74 

latest  market  reports 76 

miscellaneous: 
Concentrates 63 

The  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  District,  Chihuahua,  Mexico 64 

The  Kayak  Coal  and  Oil  Fields  of  Alaska 65 

Hints  on  Amalgamation 66 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 66 

Archasan  andAlgonkian    66 

Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales 67 

Passing  of  a  Noted  Man 68 

United  States  Geological  Survey  in  the  Oil  Fields  of  California. 68 

Modern  Practice  in  Hydro-Electric  Plant's 69 

Sinking  a  Shaft  in  Quicksand  by  the  Freezing  Process 69 

The  Torpedo  Drill 69 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 70 

Personal 75 

Commercial  Paragraphs 75 

Obituary 75 

Catalogues  Received 76 

New  Patents 75 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 75 


The  March  of  Progress. 

The  successful  solution,  of  difficult  engineering 
problems,  which  is  so  pronounced  a  feature  of  mod- 
ern progress,  illustrates,  better  than  anything  else, 
perhaps,  the  need  of  a  thorough  education,  without 
which  the  young  man  and  youth  of  to-day  will  be  out 
of  the  race  in  the  very  near  future.  Unusual  prob- 
lems are  met  daily  in  the  ordinary  course  of  mining 
and  metallurgical  business.  Problems  in  engineer- 
ing, in  metallurgy,  in  chemistry  and  physics  are  be- 
ing solved  by  young  men  with  complete  technical 
education.  The  rapid  onward  march  of  scientific 
progress  is  led  by  men  of  this  character.  Old  meth- 
ods, time-honored  and  trusted,  are  overthrown  to 
make  place  for  innovations  in  every  department  of 
science.  Success  overcomes  failure  or  mediocre  ac- 
complishment, and  the  world  is  being  educated  so 
rapidly  that  one  is  bewildered  in  the  effort  to  keep 
up  with  the  swift  moving  procession  of  achievement. 
That  which  was  good  enough  a  decade  ago  is  no 
longer  given  a  place  in  this  onward  march,  where  a 
better  method  has  been  discovered.  There  are  few 
of  the  modern  scientific  discoveries  that  are  the  out- 
come of  chance.  They  are  mostly  the  result  of  long 
and  careful  research,  pursued  intelligently  and  per- 
sistently, until  success  rewards  the  effort  of  pains- 
taking, methodical  inquiry.  It  is  the  scientific  man 
who  is  leading  the  world  to-day,  and  his  value  as  the 
most  important  factor  in  our  commercial  and  me- 
chanical success  is  rapidly  being  realized  and  sub- 
stantially recognized. 


/^HINESE  are  still  seriously  talked  of  for  the 
**-*  mines  of  the  Rand  in  South  Africa,  although 
there  is  much  opposition  to  them  by  merchants  and 
white  miners.  Mexico,  it  is  said,  also  contemplates 
the  introduction  of  Oriental  labor  in  the  mines  of  that 
republic,  for  the  reason  that  an  insufficient  number 
of  Mexican  miners  is  obtainable.  It  is  more  than 
probable  that  any  actual  attempt  to  carry  out  the 
idea  in  either  Mexico  or  South  Africa  would  meet 
with  opposition  of  a  sort  difficult  to  overcome. 


Economies  in  Mining. 

The  average  mine  superintendent  or  manager  is 
anxious  to  make  a  record  as  a  successful  manager. 
In  some — in  most — instances  success  is  synonymous 
with  economy.    A  noted  Western  mine  owner  and 

manager  is  quoted  as  saying,  "  D n  a  mine  that 

won't  pay  with  any  kind  of  management,"  but  this 
was  said  at  a  time  when  only  good — that  is,  rich — 
mines  could  be  made  to  pay,  and  the  experience  of 
this  man  chanced  to  be  largely  with  noted  and  rich 
mines.  Such  sentiment  is  given  less  attention  in 
these  later  days,  when  there  are  many  mines  being 
profitably  worked  under  good  management,  which 
would  prove  a  losing  proposition  in  the  hands  of  an 
inexperienced  or  extravagant  manager. 

One  of  the  principal  factors  in  the  success  of  a 
mine  manager  who  has  charge  of  a  low-grade  prop- 
erty, where  the  margin  between  profit  and  loss  is 
very  small,  is  the  ability  to  make  use  of  every  nat- 
ural advantage,  and  to  so  equip  the  property  in 
every  branch  that  the  greatest  possible  economy  in 
labor  will  result.  A  careful  miner  will  develop  his 
pay  shoot  before  undertaking  the  expense  of  running 
long  tunnels  or  sinking  shafts  through  hard  rock,  for 
the  further  development  or  exploitation  of  these  ore 
bodies.  But  often  it  is  determined  by  mine  owners 
to  do  extensive  exploratory  work,  on  the  strength 
of  valuable  developments  in  adjoining  property.  If 
the  work  it  has  been  decided  to  undertake  be  of  con- 
siderable magnitude,  it  is  desirable  to  have  it  accom- 
plished as  expeditiously  and  as  inexpensively  as 
possible.  If  a  long  tunnel  is  to  be  driven,  a  com- 
pressed air  plant  and  machine  drills  are  advisable, 
and  the  wise  manager  will  at  once  provide  these,  for 
he  knows  that  time,  and  therefore  money,  will  be 
saved  by  the  investment.  He  will  work  all  the  men 
in  a  shaft,  or  elsewhere,  that  he  can  employ  to  ad- 
vantage, thereby  reducing  superintendence  and  gen- 
eral office  expenses.  He  will  buy  first-class  supplies 
in  large  quantities,  securing  the  lowest  market 
prices  and  discounts,  and  the  transportation  problem 
will  be  given  the  necessary  consideration. 

Wherever  machinery  can  be  utilized  to  advantage 
it  is  given  a  place,  cheapening  the  cost  by  reduction 
of  labor.  Ore  is  sent  on  wire  ropeways  or  in  train- 
loads,  hauled  by  motors  or  animals,  in  place  of  in 
single  cars  trammed  by  men.  If  the  construction  of 
a  tramway  is  justified  by  the  amount  of  material  to 
be  moved  over  it,  the  tramway  is  built.  If  a  small 
mill  is  overcrowded  with  ore,  additional  crushing  fa- 
cilities are  provided.  The  rock  breakers  are  set  at 
a  point  intermediate  between  the  hoist  and  the  mill, 
so  that  all  crushed  rock  may  be  distributed  evenly 
throughout  the  mill,  and  not  the  coarse  in  one  place 
and  the  fines  in  another.  This  method  also  econo- 
mizes labor — something  which  should  never  be  lost 
sight  of.  The  entire  plant  is  arranged  to  operate 
automatically,  by  gravity.  No  longer  is  the  rock 
breaker  placed  above  the  floor  in  order  that  the 
breaker  man  may  get  the  proper  amount  of  exercise 
on  his  shift  in  shoveling  the  ore  into  the  jaws  of  the 
crusher,  and  the  day  of  the  hand  battery  feeder  has 
for  most  part  passed  away. 

All  these  things  the  mine  manager  can  anticipate 
and  provide  for,  but  he  is  not  omnipresent  and  can- 
not give  continuous  personal  supervision  to  each  of 
the  several  departments  under  his  care.  It  is  a 
physical  impossibility  for  such  a  man  to  plan,  exe- 
cute and  give  individual  scrutiny  to  each  and  every 
detail.  He  must  possess  judgment  of  men,  and,  hav- 
ing this  indispensable  quality,  will  surround  himself 
with  a  corps  of  lieutenants  each  a  specialist  in  his 
department.  Make  each  of  these  accountable  to  the 
manager,  and,  if  his  men  are  well  chosen,  the  result 
will  probably  be  the  best  that  can  be  accomplished 
under  existing  conditions,  whether  it  be  a  profitable 
one  or  not.  There  are,  however,  times  when  the 
mine  manager  must  have  rare  judgment,  and  that  is 
in  the  introduction  of  innovations — untried  schemes 
for  beneficiating  ores  and  other  similar  propositions 
involving  expense  and  uncertainty  of  the  result.  On 
the  face  of  it  the  new  venture  generally  promises 
success,  but  many  have  discovered  to  their  cost — or 
the  cost  of  their  company — that  "things  are  not 
always  what  they  seem." 

The  manager  who  always  waits  for  his  neighbors 
to  do  the  experimenting  is  overconservative,  and  if 
all  were  thus  inclined  the  steps  of  progress  would  be 


slow  and  hesitating,  but  one  can  usually  approach 
contemplated  changes  of  this  character  with  a  de- 
gree of  caution  which,  while  giving  a  fair  trial,  in  the 
event  of  failure  will  not  bankrupt  the  company.  If  a 
change  of  ore  treatment  be  deemed  advisable,  ex- 
periments can  be  conducted  in  a  conservative  man- 
ner and  the  results  made  positive  on  a  limited  scale 
before  throwing  out  the  old  plant  and  establishing 
the  new. 

Tests  made  on  small  quantities  of  ore — a  few  ounces 
— in  the  laboratory  may  not  work  in  an  equally  satis- 
factory manner  on  a  large  commercial  scale,  conse- 
quently experiments  of  this  character  must  be  on 
quantities  sufficiently  large  to  demonstrate  the  adap- 
tation of  the  process  chemically,  mechanically  and 
commercially.  Instances  have  not  been  lacking  in 
the  past  where  large  mills  or  smelters  have  been 
built  when  there  was  no  ore  in  the  mine,  or  at  least 
none  valuable  enough  to  be  treated  by  any  known 
process,  and  such  instances  are  not  of  infrequent 
occurrence  still,  but  it  is  safe  to  say  that  none  of 
these  installations  were  made  under  the  direction  of 
a  competent  and  experienced,  honest  manager. 


Evolution   of   Metallurgy   in    Butte, 
Montana. 


No  more  interesting  page  in  the  history  of  mining 
in  the  West  can  be  found,  perhaps,  than  that  fur- 
nished by  the  upbuilding  of  the  industry  at  Butte, 
Mont.  Elsewhere  herein  will  be  found  the  first  of  a 
series  of  chapters  on  the  evolution  of  the  metallurgi- 
cal practice  at  Butte,  by  H.  0.  Hofman,  in  the  Trans- 
actions of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers. 
It  indicates  the  changing  situation  in  the  copper 
camp  from  year  to  year,  and  also  is  a  fair  index  of 
the  character  of  the  men  who  have  had  the 
direction  of  affairs  in  Butte.  Any  installation,  no 
matter  how  expensive  and  how  successful  it  proved 
to  be  in  the  handling  of  the  ores  of  the  district, 
was  quickly  discarded  for  another  which  was 
shown  to  be  capable  of  accomplishing  more  and 
better  work  for  less  money.  Whole  plants,  cost- 
ing hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars,  were  closed 
down  and  abandoned  for  newer  and  better  ones.  To 
effect  a  stricter  and  more  rigid  economy  became — 
and,  in  fact,  still  is — the  constant  aim  of  the  Butte 
mine  manager.  In  the  production  of  gold  the  only 
competition  is  found  in  the  struggle  against  unneces- 
sarily excessive  cost.  The  product  has  a  standard 
valuation,  no  matter  at  what  cost  it  may  have  been 
produced,  but  in  the  production  of  copper  each  mine 
is  in  competition  with  every  other  copper  mine  in 
the  world,  for  all  eventually  reach  the  same  mar- 
ket and  prices  fluctuate  with  supply  and  demand.  A 
great  copper  mine  which  could  pay  dividends  on  15- 
cent  copper  might  not  be  able  to  make  a  profit  on 
12-cent  copper,  and  should  the  price  drop  the  ex- 
pense of  production  must  be  reduced  as  far  as  pos- 
sible to  meet  the  drop  in  price. 

To  effect  this  often  necessitated  a  complete  change 
in  metallurgical  methods,  and  the  consequent  ex- 
pense of  large  sums  of  money.  A  parsimonious 
policy  would  be  an  unwise  one  to  pursue  in  Butte,  as 
it  is  anywhere,  for  the  manager  who  hesitated  to 
take  advantage  of  a  new  discovery  in  treatment  of 
ores  or  an  improvement  in  furnaces  soon  found  him- 
self handicapped  by  the  more  economical  production 
of  his  neighbors.  Although  these  changes  have  been 
taking  place  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  in  the 
Butte  district,  it  is  unlikely  that  the  last  radical 
changes  have  been  made,  and  other  and  surprising 
innovations  in  that  district  may  still  be  anticipated. 


IN  Philadelphia  the  "scientist"  has  appeared  who 
has  at  last  discovered  the  long  sought  secret  of 
making  gold,  at  least,  so  he  says.  He  claims  to  have 
discovered  that  the  only  material  difference  between 
gold  and  silver  is  that  gold  contains  twice  as  many 
ions  as  silver.  He  has  managed,  he  declares,  to 
separate  these  ions  of  silver  and  reunite  them  as 
gold.  The  financial  world  has  not,  as  yet,  given  evi- 
dence of  great  alarm  over  the  possibility  of  overpro- 
duction of  gold  due  to  the  latest  fake  discovery. 


WHERE  workmen  of  any  class  receive  the  same 
wage  rate,  irrespective  of  ability,  the  poorest 
worker  sets  the  pace  for  all  the  rest,  and  the  good 
man  naturally  degenerates,  while  the  poor  one  does 
not  advance  under  such  a  pernicious  system. 


August  1,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


P 9 

CONCENTRATES. 

b o 


A  CUBIC  FOOT  of  steam  shrinks  upon  being  condensed 
to  about  1  cubic  inch  of  water. 
* 
In  a  steam  engine  the   "lead"  means  the  amount  of 
steam   port  opening  at  the  end  of  the  stroke  of  the  pis- 
ton at  either  end  of  the  cylinder. 
* 
A  gasket  on  a  steam  joint  can  be  made  easily  remov- 
able when  necessary  by  rubbing  a  little  graphite  and  oil 
on  both  gasket  and  metal  surfaces. 
* 
The  practice  of  burning  tin   mill  screens  before  using 
Is  not  universal,  but  Is  recommended,   as   It  anneals  the 
Iron  and  removes  the  likelihood  of  the  tin  amalgamating. 
* 
It  is  desirable  and  advisable  to  save  all  the  gold  In  an 
ore  that  can  be  economically  saved,  but  there  Is  a  limit 
to   which  this  can  be  carried,  and  the  operation  still  re- 
main a  commercial  success. 

* 
In  substituting  a  steel  hoisting  rope  for  one  of  Iron,  the 
object  should  be  to  secure  Increased  service,  and,  conse- 
quently, lower  cost  per  ton  hoisted,    rather  than  to  de- 
crease the  size  of  the  rope. 
* 

Latite  Is   a   name  employed   to  Indicate  a  family  of 
rocks  Intermediate  between  the  andesltes  and  trachytes. 
These  rocks  contain  both  orthoclase  and  plagloclase,  also 
auglte,  hornblende,  blotlte  and  olivine. 
* 

One  hundred  dollars'  worth  of  assessmeut  work 
Is  required  on  placer  claims  as  well  as  on  quartz  claims, 
although  the  Federal  law  does  not  explicitly  say  so. 
Both  the  courts  and  the  Land  Department  have  an- 
nounced this  ruling. 

* 

No  AMOUNT  of  water  to  be  employed  in  a  stamp  bat- 
tery can  be  stated,  as  this  amount  varies  much  with  the 
character  of  the  ore;  but  It  may  be  said  that  It  Is  best  to 
use  as  little  water  as  will  accomplish  proper  amalgama- 
tion and  keep  the  battery  and  plates  clear. 
* 

Gold  amalgam  will  usually  retort  about  one-third  of 
Its  weight  In  gold  If  tightly  squeezed;  but  it  varies  con- 
siderably with  the  fineness  of  the  gold.  Ore  producing 
coarse  gold  gives  usually  a  high-grade  amalgam.  In  ores 
where  the  gold  Is  very  fine  the  amalgam  runs  down  to 
16%  to  20%. 

* 

Wyomingite  Is  a  name  that  has  been  suggested  for 
an  unusual  variety  of  Igneous  rock  occurring  In  the 
Lucite  hills  In  Wyoming.  It  is  largely  made  up  of  the 
mineral  lucite  and  the  variety  of  mica  known  as  phlogo- 
phlte,  with  some  apatite  and  subsidiary  minerals.  This 
rock  Is  related  to  the  phonolites. 
* 

There  Is,  unfortunately,  no  standard  of  size  in  shoes 
and  dies  of  given  weight.  The  difference  Is  usually  found 
in  the  dimensions  of  the  shank  of  the  shoe  which  ex- 
tends upward  Into  the  boBS  head.  These  vary  in  height, 
width  and  slope  angle.  There  is  no  reason  why  there 
should  not  he  a  standard  of  size  for  these  mill  supplies. 
* 

With  increasing  altitude,  the  boiling  point  of  water 
becomes  Increasingly  lower.  Heights  can  be  measured 
with  approximate  accuracy  by  means  of  an  instrument 
known  as  the  boiling-point  thermometer.  A  table  giving 
the  various  heights  Indicated  by  the  temperature  of  the 
boiling  water  Is  employed  In  connection  with  this  test. 

Gash  veins  are  those  which  seem  to  be  the  result  of 

shrinkage  of  rocks  at  the  surface,  and  subsequently  filled 

with  quartz.     They  are  usually  of  comparatively  short 

length  and  shallow  depth.     They  are  thought  by  BOme 

to  represent  Isolated  lenses  of  quartz  in  the  formation, 

which  have  subsequently  been  exposed  at  the  surface  by 

erosion. 

* 

The  cost  of  producing  a  pound  of  copper  varies 
greatly  at  the  same  mine,  depending  upon  the  grade  and 
oharacter  of  the  ore.  This  cost  can  only  be  obtained  by 
taking  the  average  expense  for  a  long  period — say  a 
year.  On  ore  of  the  same  general  character  and  grade 
the  cost  will  vary  with  the  difference  in  situation,  mag- 
nitude of  operations,  etc. 

Where  it  is  desired  to  employ  water  power  and  a 
large  volume  is  easily  obtainable  under  comparatively 
low  head,  a  turbine  wheel  will  be  found  efficient.  High 
heads  and  less  volume  are  usually  sought,  but  not 
always  readily  obtainable.  The  relative  cost  of  installa- 
tion depends  entirely  upon  the  surroundings,  character 
of  stream  and  other  factors. 
* 

The  hammer  test  for  boilers  Is  considered  superior  to 
the  hydraulic  or  compressed  air  test,  as  in  the  latter  the 
boiler  may  be  strained  and  upon  heating  a  leak  may  re- 
sult. The  hammer  makes  it  possible  to  detect  the  differ- 
ence between  a  [lawless  and  an  imperfect  sheet,  by  the 
sound,  and  every  portion  of  the  boiler  can  be  tested  by 
this  means  separately.  When  boilerB  are  tested  by 
hydraulic  pressure  this  pressure  should  be  at  least  50% 
greater  than  the  steam  pressure.     Thus,  If  the  steam 


pressure  1b  to  be  100  pounds,  the  hydraulic  pressure   ap- 
plied should  be  150  pounds  per  square  Inch. 

* 
It  1b  desirable  where  tailings  are  treated  from  the 
stamp  mill  direct,  that  they  shall  be  exposed  to  oxida- 
tion as  little  as  possible;  particularly  Is  this  the  case  with 
ores  carrying  sulphides  of  copper  and  Iron.  The  oxida- 
tion or  semi-oxldatlon  of  sulphides  produces  sulphates 
and  free  acid  which  muBt  be  washed  out  or  neutralized 
with  alkalies  before  cyanlding. 

* 
A  dynamo  which  Is  so  constructed  that  the  entire 
current  passes  through  the  field  colls  is  called  a  "series  " 
dynamo,  and  where  an  additional  external  circuit  is 
provided,  so  that  only  a  portion  of  the  current  paBsea 
through  the  field  colls,  this  outside  parallel  connection  Is 
called  a  "  shunt, "  and  the  fields  are  said  to  be  "  wound  In 
shunt"  with  the  outside  circuit. 

* 
Steam  stamps  weighing  1600  pounds,  with  rapid  drop 
(126  per  minute),  have  recently  been  tried  on  the  Rand, 
South  Africa,  but  were  not  satisfactory.  They  are  to  be 
replaced  with  gravity  stamps.  The  endeavor  was  made 
to  crush  nine  tons  per  stamp.  The  steam  stamps  were 
11  inches  in  diameter  and  20  inches  high,  and  the  stems 
5  inches  diameter. 

* 

The  term  "lacoolite  "  was  introduced  by  G.  K.  Gilbert 
for  those  Intrusive  masses  of  igneous  rock  that,  coming 
from  below,  spread  out  In  flat  sheets  between  layers  of 
Bedlmentary  rock  which  they  penetrate,  and  do  not 
reach  the  surface  unless  exposed  by  subsequent  erosion. 
It  was  the  result  of  his  exploration  of  the  Henry  moun- 
tains in  southern  Utah. 

* 

Manilla  ropes  for  mine  hoists  are  in  very  limited 
use,  having  been  replaced  by  Bteel.  In  a  few  small 
mines  where  the  acid  waters  rapidly  corroded  Iron 
ropes,  manilla  or  hemp  ropes  have  been  substituted  for 
iron.  One  of  these  Is  at  the  Newton  copper  mine,  Ama- 
dor county,  Cal.  It  Is  unlikely,  however,  that  such 
ropes  are  more  economical  than  modern  steel  ropeB. 

The  strike  of  the  gold-bearing  conglomerates  on  the 
WItwatersrand  Is  approximately  east-west  and  the  dip 
south.  There  are  no  extralateral  rightB,  and  the  super- 
ficial area  of  a  claim  or  group  of  claims  determines  the 
extent  of  the  underground  holding.  This  varleB  In  re- 
lation to  the  angle  of  dip.  The  steeper  the  dip  the 
greater  the  amount  of  banket  under  a  given  surface  area. 
* 

The  atmospheric  temperature  in  the  Coolgardie  dis- 
trict of  Western  Australia  Is  Bometimes  so  high  that 
only  about  20%  of  the  steam  of  the  engines  will  condenBe 
in  the  surface  condensers,  which  makes  steam  making 
expensive  In  that  section.  The  shortage  of  water  has 
been  overcome  by  the  extensive  pipe  line  and  pumping 
plant  recently  put  In  there  from  the  vicinity  of  the  coast 
to  the  mines. 

* 

Gold  is  yellow  by  reflected  light  and  green  by  trans- 
mitted light.  If  the  gold  be  alloyed  with  silver  the  color 
by  transmitted  light  is  light  green,  and  if  with  copper, 
emerald  green  or  even  bluish  green.  When  in  a  fused 
state  gold  presents  a  peculiar  greeniBh  color,  and  at  In- 
creased temperature  emits  purple  vapors.  There  Is 
always  a  certain  loss  when  gold  Is  highly  heated,  due  to 
vaporization. 

The  word  "  tiff  "  is  of  Cornish  origin,  and  was  a  name 
originally  applied  to  fluorspar,  but  by  common  usage 
this  application  has  been  extended  to  embrace  other 
spars,  until  now  "  tiff "  means  any  kind  of  spar,  though 
In  Missouri  lead-zinc  mines  it  Is  applied  to  the  par- 
ticular spar  which  chances  to  be  most  abundant  in  any 
particular  district.  This  includes  calclte,  fluorspar,  heavy 
spar,  celestlte,  strontlanlte  and  witherite. 

The  difference  between  a  high  pressure  and  low  pres- 
sure engine  Is  that  in  the  former  the  steam  pressure  1b 
over  forty  pounds  per  square  Inch  and  the  steam  ex- 
hausts into  the  atmosphere,  and  in  the  low  pressure 
engine  the  Bteam  pressure  Is  below  forty  pounds  and  the 
steam  exhausts  Into  a  condenser.  The  condenser  ac- 
cumulates a  quantity  of  hot  water,  which  can  be  reused 
in  the  boiler,  and  maintains  a  constant  vacuum  in  front 
of  the  piston,  which  asBistB  in  moving  the  piston  to  the 
amount  of  about  one-half  the  vacuum  gauge  pressure. 
* 

IN  running  ropes  the  wear  of  the  rope  increases  with 
the  speed,  In  consideration  of  which  it  is  advisable  to  in- 
crease the  load  carried  rather  than  the  speed.  A  hoist- 
ing rope  should  never  be  required  to  carry  over  one- 
sixth  of  itB  capacity  at  its  worst — that  is,  when  the  rope 
is  worn  out  and  considered  unsafe.  It  is  not  the  constant 
weight  of  the  load  when  running  that  severely  tries  the 
rope,  but  the  sudden  starting  and  stopping.  The  loaded 
skip  or  cage  Bhould  never  be  started  with  a  jerk,  but 
slowly  and  with  increasing  speed  until  the  maximum  has 

been  reached. 

* 

THE  efficiency  of  compressed  air  In  operating  pumps 
underground  in  mines  is  greatly  increased  by  reheating 
the  air  at  a  point  near  the  pumps.  ThiB  is  UBually  pos- 
sible where  the  ventilation  is  sufficiently  good.  A  com- 
pound direct-acting  pump,  heated  sufficiently  to  prevent 
freezing,  will  pump  double  the  amount  of  water  with  the 
use  of  a  given  amount  of   air  that  a  single-acting  pump 


will.  Freezing  of  a  mine  pump  may  often  be  prevented 
by  arranging  a  drip  from  a  pipe  so  that  a  small  stream 
of  mine  water  will  fall  upon  the  exhaust  opening.  This 
usually  keeps  the  temperature  at  a  point  Bomewhat 
above  freezing.  A  large  exhaust  opening  Is  also  neces- 
sary, and  may  be  kept  from  clogging  with  Ice  much 
easier  than  a  small  one. 

* 
Where  a  steam  pump  Is  uBed  In  a  shaft  a  slip  joint  is 
of  great  service  both  on  the  steam  and  column  pipes. 
In  placing  these  in  position  arrange  them  with  the 
smaller  pipe  uppermost,  otherwise  grit,  being  forced  up- 
ward in  the  column  pipe,  will  settle  around  the  smaller 
InBlde  pipe  and  bind  it  so  tight  that  the  pipe  can  be 
drawn  neither  up  nor  down.  Should  this  ocour  as  the 
result  of  inexperience,  the  grit  may  be  removed  by  dis- 
connecting the  pipes  and  loosening  the  grit  by  pounding 
on  the  outside  of  the  pipe.  The  removal  of  the  grit  may 
be  facilitated  by  the  use  of  a  stream  of  water  under 
pressure,  directed  into  the  larger  pipe. 

* 
A  mining  claim  located  late  In  the  summer  of  1902 
has  until  midnight  Dec.  31,  1903,  before  reverting  to  the 
public  domain  If  assessment  work  has  remained  unper- 
formed. In  California  the  miner  is  chiefly  to  be  guided 
by  the  Federal  statutes,  as  there  1b  little  State  legislation 
of  importance.  Recording  of  mining  locations  Is  not  re- 
quired by  the  Dinted  States  statutes,  and  is  only  neces- 
sary where  the  State  or  local  laws  make  it  Imperative,  and 
thiB  California  laws  do  not  require.  However,  the  miner 
should  surround  his  claim  with  every  possible  safeguard, 
if  it  Is  of  any  promise,  for  should  a  valuable  mine  be  de- 
veloped, the  title  should  be  perfect,  and  the  more  valu- 
able the  property  the  greater  the  necessity  for  every  pre- 
caution to  make  the  title  secure. 

* 
MAGNESITE  —  magnesium  carbonate  (MgC03)  — fre- 
quently contains  a  small  quantity  of  magnesium  Bllicate, 
and  sometimes  iron  carbonate.  Its  massive  form  Is  sim- 
ilar in  appearance  to  unglazed  porcelain  and  Is  rather 
hard  to  drill,  though  brittle.  Magnesite  in  its  crude 
state  is  used  In  the  manufacture  of  carbon-dioxide  gas, 
either  by  calcining  or  by  treatment  with  sulphuric  acid. 
In  the  latter  case,  the  magnesium  sulphate,  as  a  by- 
product, is  crystallized  out,  yielding  Epsom  saltB 
(MgSO,  7HjO).  The  residue,  after  calcining  (MgO), 
is  used  as  a  refractory  lining  for  open-hearth  furnaces 
and  converters,  either  in  the  form  of  bricks  or  concrete; 
it  Is  also  mixed  with  asbestos  as  a  non-conducting  cover- 
ing for  Bteam  pipes,  boilers,  etc. 

* 
The  Bruckner  roasting  furnace  is  a  cylinder  of  plate 
iron  revolving  horizontally  on  friction  rollers  between  a 
flue  and  a  fire  box.  The  ore  is  charged  and  discharged 
through  manholes  in  the  side  of  the  cylinder.  The 
flame  from  the  fire  box  passes  directly  through  the  fur- 
nace, and  thence  mixed  with  the  gases  from  the  roasting 
ore  passes  to  a  dust  chamber.  The  Bruckner  is  an  in- 
termittent furnace.  One  charge  must  be  removed  from 
the  furnace  before  another  is  introduced.  The  White- 
Howell  furnace  is  also  cylindrical  in  form,  revolving 
horizontally  on  friction  wheels  or  carriers  between  the 
fire  box  and  the  flue,  but  this  type  of  furnace  is  con- 
tinuous in  operation,  the  ore  entering  at  one  end  and 
discharging  at  the  other,  the  flames  traveling  In  a  direc- 
tion opposite  to  the  travel  of  the  ore.  The  furnace  Is  in- 
clined Blightly  toward  the  discharge  end. 

* 
The  demand  for  metallic  bismuth  is  considerably  ex- 
ceeded by  the  supply.  The  production  and  price  of  bis- 
muth and  its  ores  are  under  control  of  Johnson,  Mat- 
they  &  Co.  of  London,  England,  and  the  government  of 
Saxony — as  the  output  must  be  restricted  in  order  to 
make  it  profitable  to  work  the  mines.  Bismuth  is  found 
in  several  districts  of  the  western  United  States,  occur- 
ring both  free  and  combined.  A  telluride  and  tellurate 
of  bismuth  have  been  found  in  Colorado.  Gold  and  sil- 
ver values  are  also  frequently  associated.  The  principal 
use  for  the  metal  is  in  the  manufacture  of  alloys  which 
melt  at  comparatively  low  temperatures — lead,  tin  and 
cadmium  being  the  other  constituents.  An  alloy  of  50% 
Bi,  27%  Pb,  4%  Sn  and  3%  Cd  meltB  at  60°  Centigrade. 
Bismuth  Ib  also  a  constituent  of  anti-friction  alloys, 
pewter  and  type  metal.  Bismuth  subnitrate— BIN03 
(OH)2 — Is  used  in  medicine  and  as  a  cosmetic. 

* 
Hematite  (Iron  sesquioxide)  Fe203,  contains  iron 
70%,  oxygen  30%.  It  is  of  several  varieties.  Specular 
Iron  is  a  micaceous  variety,  with  metallic  luster,  the 
crystals  often  splendent,  ooarse  to  fine  grained,  the  latter 
often  resembling  some  kind  of  mica  schist.  It  is  80ft 
and  unctuous  to  the  touch,  has  a  red  streak,  oompact 
columnar,  or  fibrous,  Is  often  hard— 5.5  to  6.5— luster 
sub-metallic,  the  masses  often  radiating,  color  red, 
brown,  browniBh  black;  sometimes  found  In  reniform 
masses  called  "kidney  ore,"  streak  red.  A  third 
variety  Ib  red  and  earthy,  being  soft,  readily  soiling  the 
hands.  Reddle  and  red  chalk  are  earthy  varieties  of 
hematite,  with  some  clay.  Clay  Iron  stone,  common  In 
silver  and  gold  mines  and  elsewhere,  is  hard,  brownish 
black  to  reddish  brown,  sometimes  deep  red.  Its  luster 
is  bubmetalllc  to  unmetallic.  This  ore  is  often  Billceous 
or  clayey.  When  associated  with  lead  carbonate  it  forms 
the  so-called  "hard  carbonate"  found  in  Leadville, 
Colo.,  and  other  lead -silver  mines.  Limonlte  is  the 
brown  variety  of  hematite.  Limonlte,  If  highly  heated, 
parts  with  its  water  of  crystallization,  and  turning  red 
becomes  hematite. 


64 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,  1903. 


The  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  District, 
Chihuahua,  Hexico. 

NUMBER  III 

Written  lor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  H.  Z.  Osborne. 

The  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  mining  district  embraces 
the  southwestern  corner  of  the  State  of  Chihuahua, 
Mexico,  where  that  State  joins  the  States  of  Du- 
rango  and  Sinaloa.  A  Mexican  mining  district  is  a 
rather  important  political  division,  and  frequently 
embraces  a  large  extent  of  territory.  All  mining 
claims,  or  "denouncements,"  within  its  boundaries, 
must  be  filed  with  the  mining  agent  for  record,  at  its 
capital,  as  well  as  all  other  official  or  legal  papers 
affecting  mining  titles.  The  town  of  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo  is  the  capital  of  the  mining  district  of  that 
name,  as  well  as  being  the  largest  town  in  that  sec- 
tion. Its  elevation  above  sea  level  is  7300  feet.  It 
is  connected  with  the  outside  world  by  trails  east 
across  the  Sierra  Madres  to  Parral,  and  west  to  the 
Pacific  coast.  Most  of  its  commercial  supplies  come 
from  the  East,  but  a  portion  comes  from  Mazatlan. 
In  a  former  paper  the  writer  described  the  trip  from 
Parral  to  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  and  gave  a  brief  de- 
scription of  the  latter  town.  The  two  principal 
mines  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  are  the  Eosario  and  the 
Independencia,  the  former  being  the  larger,  and 
having  had  an  interesting  history.  Walter  Harvey 
Weed,  of  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  has  visited 
this  section,  and  contributed  two  interesting  papers 
on  its  geology  and  mines  to  the  American  Institute 
of  Mining  Engineers.  Of  the  geology  of  Guadaloupe 
y  Calvo  Mr.  Weed  says: 

"The    gold    occurs    in    fissure    veins    traversing 


it  was  shown  to  some  miners  from  the  Eefugio  mine, 
30  miles  south  of  Eosario.  The  extraordinary  size 
and  richness  of  the  vein  caused  a  rapid  influx  of  min- 
ers to  the  locality,  and  two  months  after  the  discov- 
ery there  were  2000  people  encamped  about  it.  The 
vein  was  located  by  various  individuals,  but  soon 
passed,  by  purchase  and  debt  of  the  owners,  into  the 
hands  of  the  Ochoa  family.  In  1836  the  Ochoas 
leased  the  property,  in  two  parcels,  to  two  com- 
panies, organized  with  English  capital,  and  known  as 
the  Guadalupe  Co.  and  the  Zorilla  Co.,  respectively. 
The  Guadalupe  Co.  worked  the  western  part  and  the 
Zorilla  the  eastern  part  of  the  property.  These 
companies  were  obliged  to  work  under  lease,  as  the 
former  Mexican  law  did  not  permit  foreigners  to 
hold  real  estate.  The  terms  of  these  leases  are  said 
to  be  in  the  mining  records,  and  provided  for  a  roy- 
alty of  25%  for  four  years  and  $50,000  for  eight 
years;  the  lease  expired  in  1847  or  1848. 

"  Under  these  companies  the  vein  yielded  largely 
of  gold  and  silver,  so  that  in  October,  1842,  a  decree 
was  secured  from  the  Government  permitting  the 
erection  of  a  mint  at  the  mine.  The  records  of  this 
mint  have  been  destroyed  by  fire,  but  custom  house 
records  show  that  coinage  began  in  July,  1844,  and 
that  steam  power  was  introduced  in  1847. 

"The  recorded  output  of  the  Eosario  for  the  years 
1838  to  1846  is  $16,000,000,  but  owing  to  the  heavy 
tax  upon  bullion  and  the  ease  with  which  the  tax  was 
evaded,  reliable  estimates  place  the  total  output 
from  the  discovery  of  the  vein  to  the  closing  down  in 
1847  at  $40,000,000.  The  mine  was,  during  these 
years,  worked  by  the  most  primitive  methods,  and 
the  tailings  show  that  a  large  part  of  the  value  was 
lost.  The  ore  was  carried  on  men's  backs  to  the 
surface  and  then  packed  on  burros  to  the  various 
crude  reduction  works  located  many  miles  down  the 
creek,  where  it  was  treated  in  tahonas,  with  an 
overshot  water  wheel  furnishing  the  power. 

"  In  1847  large  quantities  of  water  were  encoun- 


of  development  at  depth.  The  present  workings  are 
several  hundred  feet  deep.  No  doubt  a  powerful 
hoisting  plant  with  big  pumps  and  a  large  mill  will 
be  put  on  the  property.  The  lack  of  roads  will  make 
this  expensive,  and  possibly  the  new  owners  will  find 
it  economical  to  make  a  wagon  road  to  the  terminus 
of  the  Parral  <fe  Durango  railroad,  over  which  to 
carry  their  machinery.  An  extension  of  that  road 
to  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  is  possible,  and  if  constructed 
it  would  open  up  a  rich  mineral  country. 

The  Independencia  property  is  the  second  one  of 
importance  at  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo.  Of  this  mine 
Mr.  Weed  says: 

"  The  Independencia  property  includes  a  group  of 
claims  situated  east  of  the  town  of  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo.  The  claims  cover  a  complexity  of  veins.  The 
main  workings  are  entered  by  a  tunnel  near  the  mill, 
and  include  shafts  and  drifts  on  the  Independencia 
ledge.  The  vein  outcrop  consists  of  porous  white 
quartz,  which  is  rusty  and  drusy  in  some  places. 
The  ledge  runs  a  little  north  of  west,  and  has  been 
quarried  by  open  cut  and  stoping  from  below.  These 
workings  show  the  vein  to  be  8  or  10  feet  wide,  with 
a  pay  streak  from  1  to  5  feet  across,  showing  a  well- 
defined  sinuous  wall.  The  ore  consists  of  white 
quartz  and  red  jasperoid  carrying  pyrites,  and 
rarely  free  gold.  Some  of  the  ore  carries  high 
values  in  silver,  but  no  recognizable  silver  minerals 
were  seen,  the  richest  ore  showing  a  black  clouding 
of  the  quartz.  The  vein  filling  is  finely  crystalline, 
and  shows  none  of  the  coarse  texture  and  comb- 
structure  of  a  filled  fissure,  its  nature  being  that  of 
replacement  quartz.  Where  crystalline  quartz  is 
seen,  it  is  secondary,  and  cements  fragments  of  shat- 
tered original  vein  filling.  A  banded  structure  is 
rarely  seen,  and  occasionally  the  vein  filling  shows 
fragments  of  an  andesitic  breccia,  the  rock  being 
altered  and  of  a  greenish-yellow  color.  So  far  as 
seen,  the  vein  is  nearly  vertical.  Its  surface  con- 
tinuity is  interrupted  by  a  patch  of  rhyolitic  tuff. 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS; 
Open  Workings  and  Tunnel,  Eosario  Mine,  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  Mexico. 


•  


minuk'a'no  scientific  prf« 


Mala  Noche,  an  American  Home  in  Mexico. 


altered  and  fractured  andesitic  rocks.  These  quartz 
veins  are  older  than  the  rhyolitic  rocks,  and  only 
show  where  the  light-colored,  chalky-white  or  pink 
porphyry  tuffs  have  been  removed  by  erosion  or  mine 
workings.  In  part  the  ores  occur  in  andesitic 
gangue,  but  more  commonly  in  true  quartz  veins. 
The  amorphous  or  crypto-crystalline  nature  of  some 
of  the  quartz  suggests  replacement,  but  'comb 
quartz '  also  occurs.  The  veins  are  only  exposed  on 
the  east  side  of  the  creek,  the  west  slope  being  com- 
posed of  dacitic  rocks." 

The  Eosario  mine  has  been  under  bond  to  C.  W. 
Clark,  a  son  of  W.  A.  Clark  of  Montana,  for  two 
years,  and  it  was  recently  purchased  by  Mr.  Clark 
for  $500,000.  During  the  visit  of  the  writer  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1903,  the  10-stamp  mill  was  in  operation  on 
ore,  most  of  which  was  sorted  from  the  old  dumps, 
which  are  very  extensive.  An  accompanying  illus- 
tration shows  the  mill  and  the  croppings  of  the  vein. 
Of  the  Eosario  vein  Mr.  Weed  says: 

"  This  vein  is  one  of  the  largest  producing  quartz 
veins  of  the  world.  It  varies  from  60  to  150  feet  in 
width,  and  dips  with  the  hillside  so  that  it  forms  a 
great  reef  fronting  the  valley,  and  its  exposed  wall 
forms  a  very  conspicuous  object.  It  is  said  to  aver- 
age over  100  feet  across,  and  where  I  measured  it 
the  thickness  was  110  feet.  The  great  open  cut  on 
the  vein  is  1800  feet  long,  7  feet  deep  and  130  feet 
across.  Four  distinct  ore  shoots,  separated  by  low- 
grade  quartz,  have  been  worked.  The  low-grade 
ore  now  forms  the  enormous  dump  heaps  seen  at  the 
mine;  and,  despite  the  fact  that  the  people  of  the 
town  have  largely  obtained  a  living  by  picking  over 
this  dump,  it  is  said  to  be  all  good  cyaniding  ore, 
'  averaging  better  than  $10  per  ton.'  The  vein  has 
a  N.  W.  -  S.  E.  course,  and  dips  west.  The  vein  has 
been  worked  on  one  hill  to  a  depth  of  430  feet,  but  a 
vein  of  this  magnitude  will  probably  not  play  out  at 
such  shallow  depths. 

"The  Eosario  vein  was  discovered  in  October, 
1835,  by  a  Tarahumar  Indian  from  Nobogarne,  when 


tered;  and,  the  working  expenses  being  very  greatly 
increased,  the  English  companies  attempted  to  re- 
new the  lease  for  a  rental  of  $30,000  a  year,  a  pro- 
posal that  was  indignantly  refused  by  the  owners. 
Personal  differences,  added  to  the  refusal,  led  to  the 
abandonment  of  the  property  by  the  English  com- 
pany, who  removed  to  the  silver  mines  of  Guanacevi. 
From  this  time  to  1883  no  development  work  was 
done.  Various  Mexican  miners  robbed  the  pillars  of 
rich  ore  left  in  the  workings,  '  gophered '  the  rich 
streaks  of  ore,  and  sorted  the  dump. 

"In  1883,  Judge  Flipper,  representing  the  Guada- 
lupe M.  &  M.  Co.,  organized  at  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
secured  the  property  under  an  agreement  with  the 
Ochoa  family,  who  reserved  a  one-fifth  interest  and 
were  to  receive  one-fifth  of  the  gross  output  of  the 
mine.  This  company  operated  the  mine  until  1887 — 
erecting  a  10-stamp  mill,  and  sinking  a  new  shaft, 
from  which  a  crosscut  was  driven  to  the  vein  and 
drifts  run  out  from  the  old  shafts.  In  one  year  this 
company  shipped  $113,000  in  gold;  but  the  manager 
was  robbed  of  nearly  $20,000  while  taking  the  bullion 
across  the  mountains,  and,  as  a  consequence,  the 
property  was  abandoned  by  the  company  in  1887  and 
reverted  to  the  Ochoas.  At  that  time  the  Mexican 
mining  laws  required  properties  to  be  worked  by  six 
men  for  six  months  of  each  year;  this  the  Ochoas 
failed  to  do,  and  in  1889  the  property  was  denounced 
by  four  Americans,  who  obtained  title  from  the  Fed- 
eral Government.  With  three  Mexican  merchants, 
admitted  as  equal  partners,  the  property  was  oper- 
ated and  the  ore  treated  in  a  stamp  mill  with  pan 
amalgamation.  In  1892,  operating  under  lease,  two 
of  the  partners  cleared  over  $100,000  in  twenty-two 
months,  working  on  ore  from  the  dump  heap  and 
from  the  rich  pillars  left  in  the  workings.  Mean- 
while the  ownership  of  the  property  passed  into  the 
hands  of  Tibuceo  Garcia,  and  was  sold  by  him  in  1895 
to  the  Eosario  Mining  &  Milling  Co." 

Such  is  the  history  of  the  Eosario  mine  to  the  pres- 
ent day.     It  will  now  doubtless  enter  upon  a  new  era 


"  The  workings  consist  of  three  tunnels  with  drifts, 
and  expose  the  vein  for  a  vertical  depth  of  220  feet; 
two  winzes  of  26  and  30  feet  depth,  respectively, 
prove  the  vein  below  the  lower  tunnel.  The  follow- 
ing assays  show  the  general  character  of  the  ore  on 
the  Cuauhtemoc  vein:  Gold,  0.04  oz.  to  5  oz.  per  ton; 
silver,  3.20  oz.  to  167  oz.  per  ton.  An  average  of 
twenty-four  assays  from  the  various  faces  gave: 
Gold,  1.18  oz.  per  ton;  silver,  16.62  oz.  per  ton.  The 
ore  varies  in  appearance.  The  pyritic  ore  is  com- 
monly reddish  quartz,  with  veinlets  of  white  and 
gray  quartz.  The  silver  ore  contains  finely  dissem- 
inated galena,  with  zinc  blende,  and  occurs  in  a  mix- 
ture of  dark  gray,  white  and  amethystine  quartz. 
Chalcopyrite  occurs  in  minute  specks.  The  rich  gold 
ore  shows  dull  greenish  secondary  quartz,  often  in 
botryoidal  forms,  filling  cavities;  the  primary  ore 
often  shows  rusty  gold,  suggesting  decomposed  tel- 
luride  ores.  It  also  occurs  associated  with  minute 
specks  of  copper  pyrite  and  zinc  blende.  The  rocks 
are  altered  porphyritic  andesites." 

Leaving  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  and  proceeding  west- 
erly, one  passes  down  the  bed  of  the  arroyo,  the 
water  of  which  is  used  for  the  Eosario  mill.  The 
ruins  of  a  good  many  old  reduction  works,  generally 
tahonas,  or  arrastras,  are  seen,  which  were  run  by 
the  English  company,  or  later  by  gambusinos.  These 
ruins  of  old  works,  the  buildings  generally  of  stone, 
are  seen  along  the  streams  for  considerable  dis- 
tances beyond  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo,  where  it  is  said 
the  Englishmen  used  to  pack  their  ore  from  the 
Eosario. 

A  sugar-loaf  mountain  is  a  conspicuous  object  on 
the  landscape  west  of  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo — thirteen 
hours  ride  distant.  Indeed,  it  can  be  seen  two  days 
before  reaching  that  place,  from  the  heights  east  of 
the  Eio  Verde.  It  is  called  Mount  Milpillas.  After 
leaving  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  the  mineralization  of  the 
country  does  not  seem  so  marked  before  reaching 
this  mountain  as  it  does  after  it  is  passed.  From 
Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  the  Arroyo  Santa  Eosalia  is  five 


August  1,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


65 


hours'  ride,  Arroyo  Hondo  (deep)  is  two  hours 
farther,  and  Los  Tarros,  in  the  saddle  right  under 
Mount  Milpillas  and  north  of  it,  six  hours  farther. 
Los  Tarros  is  at  an  elevation  of  8850  feet.  Between 
Arroyo  Hondo  and  Los  Tarros  are  La  Reforma 
plantations,  embracing  several  thousand  acres 
planted  mainly  in  corn.  Plowing  was  in  progress  at 
the  time  I  passed,  and  it  was  interesting  to  observe 
the  Indians  manipulating  the  primitive  plows,  con- 
sisting of  a  sharpened  stick  attached  to  a  pole,  in 
turn  fastened  to  the  horns  of  oxen.  A  dozen  or  more 
teams  were  being  worked  in  one  Held. 
(to  be  continued.) 


The  Kayak  Coal  and  Oil  Fields  of 
Alaska. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  P.  c.  Stoess. 

The  Kayak  district  occupies  a  belt  of  country  ex- 
tsnding  along  the  Alaskan  coast  for  a  distance  of  175 
miles  from  the  west  side  of  the  Malaspina  glacier  on 
its  far  eastern  end  to  the  waters  of  Prince  William 
sound  on  the  west,  being  bounded  on  the  north  by  the 
high  ridge  forming  the  main  St.  Elias  range  of 
mountains,  thence  south  to  the  tidewaters  of  the  Gulf 
of  Alaska,  30  to  40  miles. 

An  area,  nearly  in  the  center  of  the  belt,  40  miles 
wide  and  running  from  the  summit  of  the  St.  Elias 
range  to  within  2  to  5  miles  of  tidewater,  is  taken  up 
by  the  Behring  glacier.  The  strip  in  front  of  the 
glacier,  between  it  and  the  gulf,  is  a  gravel  moraine 
for  the  most  part,  covered  in  places  with  scrub  tim- 
ber, and  through  which  several  streams  flow  from 
beneath  the  glacier,  varying  much  in  their  courses 
at  different  seasons. 

The  country  shows  a  number  of  low  abrupt  hills, 
separated  from  each  other  by  flat  wide  valleys,  hav- 
ing easy  grades  and  fronted  in  places  on  the  shore 
line  with  level  tidewater  and  mud  flats.  The  tops  of 
the  hills  are  bare,  rocky  and  precipitous  generally, 
the  foothills  are  covered  with  a  fair  growth  of  spruce 
timber,  and  the  valleys  with  a  thick  growth  of  alder, 
berry  bushes  and  grass,  with,  in  places,  good  soil. 
The  moss,  usually  found  in  Alaska,  is  in  this  section 
not  over  6  inches  to  1  foot  thick. 

The  climate  is  not  as  severe  as  that  of  the  interior, 
but  the  rain  and  snowfall  are  much  greater.  The 
climatic  conditions  are  about  the  same  generally  as 
those  prevailing  on  the  coast  section  of  Alaska,  and 
there  is  nothing  in  the  climate  to  prevent  active 
operations  in  the  way  of  development  the  year  round, 
when  the  conditions  are  provided  for. 

The  formations  consist  generally  of  a  series  of  coal- 
hearing  sandstones,  the  croppings  of  which  are  15  to 
20  miles  inland,  ranging  from  gray  to  reddish-brown 
in  color,  and  overlying  a  series  of  oil-bearing  shales 
and  slates,  cropping  on  the  beach  and  shore  line  and 
in  the  low  hills  bordering  the  coast. 

The  thickness  of  these  formations  is  not  known, 
but  from  the  indications  so  far  as  observed  the  coal 
measures  are  not  less  than  7000  feet  thick,  while  the 
oil  shales  appear  to  have  an  equal  thickness.  In  the 
section  of  country  around  Catalla  the  formation  is 
considerably  broken,  the  rock  dipping  in  several 
directions,  within  a  small  area.  The  general  course 
of  the  hills  and  the  strike,  however,  in  this  part  of 
the  fields  is  north  and  northeast,  the  dip  varying 
from  vertical  to  40°  to  the  northwest.  About  15 
miles  inland,  in  the  area  of  the  coal  croppings,  the 
formation  is  less  disturbed  and  the  strike  swings  off 
more  to  the  east.  In  the  coal  croppings  on  Carbon, 
Clear  and  Canyon  creeks  it  strikes  east- west  and  dips 
40°  to  60°  north.  East  of  the  area  covered  by  the 
Behring  glacier,  in  the  Yaktag  section,  the  forma- 
tion is  less  disturbed  and  has  a  course  nearly  east- 
west  and  dips  35°  south.  The  section  to  the  west  of 
Catalla,  west  of  Martin  river,  is  covered  by  the  im- 
mense tide  flats  of  the  Copper  river  delta,  subject  to 
inundation  by  both  tidewater  and  the  floods  of  Cop- 
per river,  while  further  west,  around  the  Eyak-Orca 
section,  the  country  is  broken  and  generally  more 
like  the  region  around  Catalla. 

Oil  seepages  of  importance  are  reported  on  and 
near  the  shore  line  of  this  entire  belt.  Extensive 
gas  flows  have  also  been  found  associated  with  oil 
seepages,  and  in  places  where  no  oil  has  been  dis- 
covered. The  principal  oil  seepages  found  are  on 
Johnson  creek,  White  river,  Yaktag  and  Ducktaw 
rivers  in  the  Yaktag  district,  up  Eight-Mile  river, 
and  at  the  head  of  the  Ochtilee  river  in  the  Sucklin 
district,  3  miles  up  the  south  fork  of  the  Neuchawak 
river,  near  the  head  of  the  Catalla  slough,  at  the 
head  of  Martin  slough,  in  the  Catalla  district,  and 
near  and  on  the  south  end  of  Eyak  lake  in  the  Orca 
district. 

Beside  these  there  are  numerous  less  important 
ones.  A  hot  sulphur  spring  has  been  found  on  the 
southeast  end  of  Eyak  lake.  It  has  been  stated  that 
the  oil-bearing  belt  does  not  extend  anywhere  more 
than  5  miles  inland  from  tidewater,  though  gas  flows 
and  signs  of  oil  have  been  found  as  far  inland  as 
Kostakra  lake,  5  miles  farther  in  from  the  coast. 

Close  to  the  head  of  the  Catalla  slough,  and  on  one 
of  the  seepages  of  oil,  the  Alaska  Steam-Coal  & 
Petroleum  Syndicate,  Ltd.,  has  sunk  a  well  365  feet 
deep  and  has  a  flow  of  oil.  The  well  was  capped  the 
second  day  after  the  oil  was  encountered,  hence  its 


capacity  was  not  fully  determined,  but  during  the 
time  it  was  flowing  it  shot  up  at  Intervals  a  jet  of 
oil  60  feet  above  the  top  of  the  derrick  through  an 
8-inch  pipe,  and  since  the  well  was  capped  there  is  a 
heavy  leakage  of  oil  and  gas  around  the  casing  of  the 
well.     Following  is  the  log  of  the  well  as  driven: 

Feet. 

Surface  drift 5 

Broken  ehale 10 

Light  colored  ehale ' . . " 140 

Fine  grained  sandstone 18 

Seam  of  coal J 

Hard  dark  shales 190 

Stratum  of  quartz J 

Oil-bearing  sand 1 

Total 365 

A  second  well  has  been  sunk  1700  feet  by  the 
Alaska  Coal  &  Petroleum  Co.,  but  so  far  no  oil  has 
been  obtained,  though  the  well  is  going  through  the 
same  formation  as  that  in  the  English  company's 
well.  This  well  is  situated  about  i  mile  southwest  of 
the  English  company's  well. 

Several  other  wells  are  being  prepared  and  inside 
of  sixty  days  six  new  wells  will  be  under  way. 

Practically  all  the  oil-bearing  lands  that  show  any 
signs  of  being  worth  anything,  and  some  that  are 
worth  nothing,  have  been  located  during  the  past 
eight  months.  As  near  as  can  be  estimated  nearly 
half  a  million  acres  of  oil  lands  have  been  taken  up. 

The  coal  croppings,  of  which  most  is  known,  lying 
20  miles  northeast  of  Catalla,  occur  in  the  valleys  of 
Sheppard,  Trout,  Clear,  Carbon  and  Canyon  creeks, 
and  also  on  the  hills  between  these  streams.  There 
are  six  veins  of  importance  ranging  from  4  to  30  feet 
thick.  The  coal  in  the  veins  is  practically  free  from 
shale,  though  there  are  occasional  bunches  of  iron 
sulphide.  The  veins  dip  40°  to  60°  north.  The  coal 
is  so  situated  that  it  can  be  mined  by  tunnels.  The 
grade  of  the  coal  in  the  several  veins  varies,  some  of 
the  larger  veins  carrying  as  low  as  60%  fixed  carbon, 
being  a  fair  grade  of  bituminous  coal.  One  of  the 
veins  on  Trout  creek  has  been  found  by  working  test 
to  make  very  good  blacksmith  coal.  Most  of  the 
veins  contain  a  semi-anthracite  coal,  which  makes 
good  steam  fuel.  Their  general  physical  appearance 
is  that  of  bituminous  coal.  The  samples  taken  so  far 
are  from  the  surface. 

Practically  all  the  important  available  lands  known 
to  contain  coal  have  been  located  and  are  being  de- 
veloped. The  total  area  of  coal  land  in  the  section 
north  of  Catalla  and  in  the  district  to  the  east  of  the 
Behring  glacier  does  not  exceed  200  square  miles. 
The  district  east  of  the  Behring  glacier  has  not  been 
explored  as  fully  as  that  north  of  Catalla,  but  the 
best  part  has  been  recently  located,  and  it  is  stated 
the  coal  showings  are  larger  than  those  in  the  west- 
ern end  of  the  field,  the  coal  being  of  the  same  quality. 

The  following  is  an  analysis  of  coal  from  the  dis- 
trict : 

No.  1.  No.  2.  No.  3. 

7ft.  vein.     12-ft.  vein.    4-ft.  vein. 

Moisture 1.5%  1.6%  1.7% 

Volatile  matter 18.0%  10.5%  10.0% 

Fixed  carbon 75.0%  85.7%  84.2% 

Ash 5.0%  1.8%  3.8% 

The  oil  found  throughout  the  district  appears  to  be 
of  the  same  character.  It  is  stated  by  the  chemists 
who  have  analyzed  it  to  have  a  paraffine  base.  The 
following  analysis  was  made  in  Seattle  from  a  sample 
of  the  crude  oil  taken  from  the  well  at  Catalla: 

Naphtha 34 . 2% 

Illuminating  oil 34 . 4% 

Lubricating  oils 16 . 5% 

Coke  and  residue 14  5% 

Specific  gravity,  .800. 

Another  analysis  made  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  gave  : 

Specific  gravity 7957  (45.9°  B.) 

Cold  test Not  chilled  at  3°  below  zero 

Naphtha 38 . 5% 

Illuminating  oil 31.0% 

Lubricating  oil 21.5% 

Coke  and  loss 9.0% 

Oil  haB  a  flash  test  of  70"  to  80°. 

Oil  Is  light  green  in  color. 

In  addition  to  the  oil  and  coal  lands  a  small  area  of 
placer  gold  has  been  discovered  and  worked  in  a 
small  way  for  the  past  five  years.  The  bluffs  near 
Cape  Yaktag  carry  small  amounts  of  fine  gold,  which 
yield  about  $3  per  man  per  day.  On  White  river,  in 
the  same  section,  and  5  miles  up  from  its  mouth,  a 
year  ago  a  small  area  bearing  coarse  gold  was  dis- 
covered and  is  being  worked.  It  is  stated  that  only 
about  2  miles  of  the  channel  is  profitable.  The  value 
has  not  been  fully  demonstrated  as  yet.  The  ground 
is  from  3  to  6  feet  deep  to  bedrock.  The  gold  is 
coarse,  varying  from  the  size  of  a  large  pin  head  to 
that  of  a  small  bean,  and  is  worth  about  $18.50  per 
ounce.  The  source  of  this  gold  is  probably  some 
deposit  under  the  Malaspina  glacier  under  which  the 
White  river  rises.  The  district  is  not  fully  explored, 
but  from  information  available  it  does  not  appear 
that  there  is  a  probability  of  much  gold-bearing 
placer  ground  being  found. 

The  Kayak  district  is  reached  by  steamers  running 
direct  from  Seattle,  Wash.  The  trip  occupies  seven 
to  nine  days,  depending  on  the  state  of  the  weather. 
For  the  Kayak-Catalla  section  and  the  Yaktag  sec- 
tion the  point  of  debarkation  is  Kayak  village,  on 
Little  Kayak,  or  Wiggham  island,  where  there  is  a 
small  settlement,  whence  Catalla  and  other  points  on 


the  mainland  are  reached  by  rowboats,  launches, 
etc.  To  reach  Yaktag  it  is  necessary  to  walk  along 
the  beach  from  the  Ochtilee  spit,  opposite  Kayak,  60 
miles,  as  there  is  no  harbor  or  landing  place  that  is 
safe  and  available  during  bad  weather  nearer  to 
Yaktag  than  Kayak,  though  during  fine  weather 
small  boats  may  be  landed  on  the  beach  at  Yaktaj. 
To  reach  Orca  section  one  can  go  on  the  steamers  to 
Orca,  where  there  is  a  safe  harbor.  No  reliable 
charts  or  surveys  of  the  coast  from  Yaktag  to  Orca 
have  been  made,  hence  the  steamers  on  this  run  will 
not  land  freight  directly  on  the  mainland.  All  pas- 
sengers and  freight  are  landed  at  either  Kayak  or 
Orca,  but  mostly  at  the  former  place,  thence  being 
transferred  on  lighters  and  small  boats  to  Catalla, 
Cbilkat  Point,  or  Ochtilee  spit  as  required.  The 
United  States  Government  has  ordered  a  survey  of 
the  shore  line  made,  and  will  determine  whether  it 
will  be  possible  to  obtain  a  landing  safe  at  all  seasons 
at  some  point  either  in  Controller  bay,  or  near  it  on 
the  mainland. 

There  are  postoffices  at  Orca  and  Kayak  and  one 
is  to  be  established  at  Catalla,  which  place  is  a  more 
convenient  point  for  most  of  those  operating  in  the 
district.  Hotel  accommodations  are  limited-  at 
Kayak  and  Catalla,  though  there  are  stores  carry- 
ing small  stocks  of  staple  goods. 

There  are  a  number  of  small  boats  running  between 
Kayak  and  the  mainland,  and  there  is  no  difficulty  in 
getting  to  and  from  the  various  points. 

White  labor,  up  to  a  few  months  ago,  was  scarce, 
there  having  been  no  demand  for  it  until  recently. 
The  natives  can  be  hired  for  "  packing,"  boating  and 
certain  other  classes  of  work,  but  are  not  skilled  out- 
side the  above  mentioned  things,  to  which  they  are 
accustomed.  They  are  quick  to  learn,  are  generally 
superior  to  most  of  the  coast  natives,  but  are  few  in 
number.  They  demand  and  receive  the  same  pay  as 
white  men. 

The  run  of  the  oil  stream  or  pools  will  probably  be 
difficult  to  determine  at  first,  owing  to  the  fact  that 
a  large  portion  of  the  uptilted  part  of  the  country, 
back  in  the  coal  range  and  in  front  of  the  main  St. 
Elias  range,  is  covered  perpetually  with  a  thick  bed 
of  snow  and  ice,  making  much  of  the  information  that 
would  be  of  use  in  determining  these  matters  unob- 
tainable. From  known  facts,  however,  it  is  thought 
that  the  best  and  most  permanent  wells  will  be  found 
on  the  east  end  of  the  Yaktag  section,  as  this  part 
of  the  belt  is  less  broken  than  any  of  the  rest  of  it. 

Hints  on  Amalgamation. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  W.  H.  Kritzer. 

As  ore  conditions  vary  in  different  localities,  the 
directions  following  for  the  preparation  and  cleaning 
of  plates  apply  only  in  a  general  way,  for  the  practi- 
cal millman  will  prefer  to  prepare  the  copper  plates 
under  his  charge  in  a  manner  that  has  proven  to  give 
the  best  results  in  saving  the  values  from  the  ore 
that  is  being  crushed. 

To  keep  mercury,  it  should  be  placed  in  a  large  jar 
or  wide-mouthed  bottle,  and  for  every  five  pounds  of 
mercury  a  solution  of  one  pound  of  sal-ammoniac  and 
two  pounds  of  quicklime,  with  enough  water  to  dis- 
solve, should  be  added. 

An  occasional  shaking  will  keep  the  mercury  in  this 
jar  in  proper  condition  for  dressing  plates. 

To  retort  and  clean  foul  mercury,  fill  the  retort 
about  one-half  full  and  cover  with  a  layer  of  powdered 
charcoal  or  quicklime.  Lute  and  wedge  the  cover 
on  the  retort,  and,  if  the  pipe  has  no  water  casing 
surrounding  it,  cover  it  with  wet  cloths  and  keep  wet, 
allowing  the  lower  end  to  extend  into  the  vessel  of 
water  placed  below  to  catch  the  distilled  mercury. 
Heat  the  retort  gradually  until  nearly  red.  Remove 
the  fire  before  it  is  fully  red,  and  allow  to  cool,  keep- 
ing the  water  running  in  the  meantime. 

To  clean  mercury  without  retorting,  place  the  foul 
mercury  in  a  jar  or  large  bottle.  To  this  add  a  mix- 
ture of  one  cupful  of  nitric  acid  and  ten  cupf uls  of  dis- 
tilled water.  Shake  occasionally  and  allow  it  to 
stand  for  twenty-four  hours. 

Dbe8sing  the  Plates. — Rinse  off  thoroughly  with 
clean  water,  using  a  hose,  and,  if  dark  or  fouled,  go 
over  them  with  a  brush  or  flannel  mop,  using  a  weak 
solution  of  sulphuric  acid  or  cyanide  of  potassium, 
which  may  be  strengthened  up  to  as  much  as  one 
part  of  acid  to  ten  of  water,  if  required. 

For  general  purposes  use:  Caustic  soda,  5  ounces; 
cyanide  of  potassium,  2  ounces;  dissolved  in  five  gal- 
lons of  water. 

When  blackened  or  fouled  with  black  sulphurets 
use:  Carbonate  of  soda,  8  ounces;  sal-ammoniac,  16 
ounces;  lime,  48  ounces;  or  to  five  gallons  of  salt  brine 
add  one-half  pint  of  sulphuric  acid. 

When  blackened  or  fouled  with  oxide  of  manganese, 
sulphate  of  copper  or  zinc,  take:  Muriatic  acid,  1 
pound;  distilled  water,  5  gallons. 

After  having  cleaned  the  plates  and  used  one  of 
the  above  solutions,  take  from  the  jar  a  small  quan- 
tity of  mercury  and  place  it  in  a  small  bottle.  Then 
stretch  a  piece  of  muslin  over  the  mouth  of  the  bottle 
and  sprinkle  the  plate  with  the  mercury;  rub  it 
smooth  with  a  flannel  mop  in  clean  water.  In  start- 
ing new  plates  do  not  clean  up  too  often  ;  allow  the 
amalgam  to  pile  up,  applying  the  quicksilver  until  it 
is  well  built  up ;   but  do  not  allow  the  amalgam  to 


66 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,1903. 


harden  and  scale  on  the  plates,  as  it  should  be  kept 
just  soft  enough  so  it  will  not  run,  and  when  rubbed 
up  with  the  finger  have  a  similar  feeling  to  putty. 
As  the  amalgam  accumulates,  do  not  allow  it  to  col- 
lect in  bunches,  but  take  a  brush  and  go  over  the 
plates  from  side  to  side ;  the  fine  ridges  formed  will 
be  an  aid  in  the  collecting  of  the  gold. 

To  remove  amalgam,  use  a  thick  piece  of  rubber  or 
leather.  Do  not  use  a  metal  scraper.  Do  not  clean 
too  close,  as  the  gold  will  not  be  lost,  or  the  silver 
either,  and  you  avoid  the  danger  of  scraping  off  the 
silverplating  and  giving  verdigris  an  opportunity  to 
form  on  the  copper,  which  is  so  detrimental  to  the 
plates.  If  the  amalgam  is  hard  and  does  not  remove 
easily,  dip  the  plate  in  warm  water. 

Better  results  have  been  attained  by  having  plates 
with  a  wide  surface  and  a  very  slight  fall;  for  with  a 
narrow  surface  and  a  heavy  fall,  the  fine  or  float 
gold  (in  a  thick  body  of  water)  can  not  come  in  con- 
tact with  the  surface  and  is  carried  off. 


Notes  on  the  Hetallurgy  of  Copper 
of  Montana.* 

WrI  tten  by  H.  O.  Hofhan. 

In  1901  the  United  States  produced  268,782 
long  tons  of  fine  copper.  Of  this  total,  Montana  is 
credited  with  102,621  long  tons,  or  38.2%. 

The  leading  smelting  works  are  located  in  Butte, 
Anaconda  and  Great  Falls.  In  Butte  are  the  works 
of  the  Colorado  Smelting  &  Mining  Co.,  the  Colusa 
smelter  of  the  Montana  Copper  Co.  (closed  in  1888), 
the  plant  of  the  Parrot  Silver  &  Copper  Co.  (closed 
in  1899),  the  Bell  plant  (closed  in  1884),  the  Clark's 
Colusa  (closed  in  1888,  then  come  the  active  works  of 
the  Colusa  Parrot  Mining  &  Smelting  Co.  (Butte  Re- 
duction  Works),  the  Butte  &  Boston  Consolidated 
Mining  Co.,  and  the  Montana  Ore  Purchasing  Co. 

In  Anaconda  are  the  old  and  new  (Washoe)  works 
of  the  Anaconda  Copper  Mining  Co.;  in  Great  Falls 
the  establishment  of  the  Boston  &  Montana  Consoli- 
dated Copper  &  Silver  Mining  Co. 

The  active  works  furnished  in  1901,  approximately, 

the  following  amounts: 

PoundB. 

Anaconda  Copper  Mining  Co 113,800,000 

Boston  &  Montana  C.  C.  &  S.  M.  Co 64,700,000 

Montana  Ore  Purchasing  Co 29,900, 000 

Butte  &  Boston  Con.  M.  Co 22,200,000 

Butte  Reduction  Works 18,000,000 

Colorado  Smelting  &  M.  Co 7,500,000 

246,100,000 

The  discrepancy  of  17,000,000  pounds  of  copper  be- 
tween the  figures  of  production  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  matte  of  some  works  is  converted  in  others, 
and  that  both  are  credited  with  the  copper  they 
turned  out. 

Past  and  Present  Plants. — The  Colorado  Smelt- 
ing &  MiuiDg  Co.  was  started  1879  by  the  late  Henry 
Williams.  The  ore  was  roasted  at  first  in  the  long- 
hearth  hand  reverberatory  furnace,  having  a  hearth 
12  by  50  feet,  and  then  smelted  in  a  reverberatory 
matting  furnace  with  hearth  14  feet  7  inches  by  9 
feet,  wood  being  used  as  fuel.  The  original  smelting 
furnaces  treated  twelve  tons  of  ore  in  twenty-four 
hours,  producing  matte  assaying  60%  copper  and  700 
to  800  ounces  silver  to  the  ton,  which  had  to  be 
hauled  200  miles  to  reach  the  railroad.  In  1889 
Bruckner  cylinders  came  into  use  for  roasting  ores; 
followed  in  1892  by  the  B.  Pearce  single-deck  turret 
furnace.  In  1894  Pearce's  first  double-deck  turret 
furnace  was  added,  and  in  1901  the  first  six-deck 
turret  furnace  of  B.  F.  Pearce  was  put  in  operation. 
At  present  (summer,  1902),  the  roasting  department 
has  four  single-deck  turret  furnaces  with  6-foot 
hearths,  five  double-deck  turret  furnaces  (one  with  a 
6-foot  and  four  with  a  7-foot  hearth),  and  one  six- 
deck  turret  furnace  with  a  7-foot  hearth. 

The  hearths  of  the  reverberatory  matting  furnace 
were  made  21  by  12  feet  in  1889,  increasing  the 
above  capacity  to  eighteen  tons  in  twenty-four  hours. 
At  present  there  are  three  matting  reverberatories 
with  hearths  47  by  20  feet  (the  first  of  these  larger 
furnaces  having  been  erected  in  1899).  The  matte, 
containing  copper  50%  to  55%,  silver  100  ounces,  and 
gold  1.5  ounces  to  the  ton,  is  sold. 

The  Colusa  smelter  of  the  Montana  Copper  Co. 
started  1880  by  A.  Wartenweiler,  with  four  long 
hand  reverberatories  for  roasting  (hearths  60  feet  by 
11  feet  6  inches)  and  two  reverberatory  matting  fur- 
naces (hearths  15  feet  9  inches  by  10  feet).  Smelting 
begun  in  1881;  a  reverberatory  matting  furnace 
treated  in  twenty-four  hours  twelve  tons  of  raw  and 
roasted  ores,  producing  65%  copper  matte,  with  a 
consumption  of  ten  cords  of  wood.  Lump  ore  was  at 
first  heap-roasted,  but,  stopped  on  account  of  the 
smoke  nuisance,  was  replaced  in  1882  by  stalls.  In 
1884  there  was  in  operation,  besides  the  stalls, 
twelve  long-hearth  hand  reverberatory  roasting, 
six  reverberatory  matting  and  one  blast  furnace. 
The  latter,  3  feet  by  4  feet  6  inches  at  the  tuyeres 
and  10  feet  high,  was  run  with  charcoal.  Works  sold 
1888  to  the  Boston  &  Montana  Con.  Copper  &  Silver 
M.   Co.,   and  formed  the    so-called  Upper   Works. 

-Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mln.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


Closed  down  1893,  when  the  new  Great  Falls  estab- 
lishment of  the  company  made  them  superfluous. 

The  Parrot  Silver  &  Copper  Co.,  started  July, 
1881.  Ore  at  first  roasted  in  eleven  long  hand  re- 
verberatories (hearths  60  by  14  feet)  and  smelted  in 
six  matting  reverberatories  (hearths  14  feet  by  11 
feet  6  inches).  Weight  of  smelting  charge,  two  to 
three  tons;  ten  tons  put  through  a  furnace  in  twenty- 
four  hours.  Matte  (60%  to  67%  copper  and  forty  to 
forty-five  ounces  silver  per  ton)  at  first  brought  for- 
ward to  blister  copper,  but  this  soon  given  up  on 
account  of  the  excessive  cost,  and  the  fact  that 
matte  was  more  easily  marketed  than  blister  copper. 
Shortly  after  starting  of  works,  a  stall  40  feet  long 
and  9  feet  high  was  built  by  J.  T.  Eeese  to  roast 
lump  ore.  It  proved  a  failure  and  was  replaced  by 
A.  J.  Schumacher  with  open  stalls,  8  feet  deep,  6 
feet  high  and  6  feet  wide.  In  1891  there  were  in 
operation  120  stalls.  The  hand  reverberatory  roast- 
ing furnaces  were  supplemented,  1889,  by  two  small 
Spence  mechanical  shelf  -  roasting  furnaces,  each 
treating  five  tons  of  concentrates  in  twenty-four 
hours,  reducing  the  sulphur  to  6%  to  7%;  these  re- 
placed 1892  by  a  round,  and  1893  by  two  oblong 
Keller-Gaylor-Cole  mechanical  shelf-burners. 

A  Roberts  four-hearth  mechanical  reverberatory 
roaster,  similar  to  the  Wethey  furnace,  was  put  in 
operation  1897.  Hearths  of  matting  reverberatories 
enlarged  in  1887  to  16  feet  by  12  feet  6  inches.  For 
lack  of  space  they  never  reached  the  large  sizes  of 
the  other  furnaces  at  Butte.  The  largest  furnaces, 
1895,  had  a  hearth  of  22  feet  by  16  feet.  In  1884  a 
Herreshoff  48-inch  water-jacket  blast  furnace  was 
erected  by  E.  D.  Peters;  in  1885  a  3-foot  by  6-foot 
blast  furnace,  with  cast-iron  water  jackets,  was 
added,  but  was  soon  replaced  by  A.  J.  Schumacher 
with  a  3-foot  by  8-foot  furnace  having  steel  jackets. 
In  1884  the  converting  of  copper  matte  was  begun 
under  the  general  direction  of  the  inventor  of  the 
process,  P.  Manhes.  The  practice  was  to  melt  40% 
to  50%  copper  matte  in  a  cupola  furnace,  tap  it  into 
converter,  blow  to  white  metal  and  pour,  then  melt 
the  white  metal  in  cupola  and  blow  it  to  blister  cop- 
per in  the  converter.  In  1885  A.  J.  Schumacher 
succeeded  in  making  metallic  copper  from  40%  to 
50%  matte  in  one  operation  of  two  consecutive 
stages,  and  thus  laid  the  foundation  of  the  modern 
practice  of  converting. 

When  the  works  were  closed  down,  August  20, 
1899,  the  roasting  department  contained  two  Keller- 
Cole-Gaylord  furnaces,  each  having  a  capacity  of 
fifty  tons  ore,  and  one  O'Hara  furnace,  treating  fifty 
tons  in  twenty-four  hours.  Smelting  was  carried  on 
in  three  under- grate  blast  reverberatory  furnaces 
with  hearths  20  by  12  feet,  treating  altogether  135 
tons  of  ore  in  twenty-four  hours,  and  in  two  blast 
furnaces,  44  inches  by  96  inches  at  the  tuyeres,  each 
putting  through  daily  a  120-ton  charge.  The  con- 
verting department  had  six  upright  converters,  5 
feet  in  diameter  and  8  feet  6  inches  in  total  height. 

The  Bell  plant  was  built  soon  after  the  erection  of 
the  Parrot  works,  which  roasted  in  long-hearth  re- 
verberatories and  smelted  in  blast  furnaces.  In  1885 
it  had  two  hand  roasters  and  two  blast  furnaces. 

Clark's  Colusa  was  built  1884  by  W.  A.  Clark;  sold 
1888  to  Boston  &  Montana  Co.,  and  formed  its  lower 
works;  closed  1893  in  favor  of  the  new  plant  at 
Great  Falls.  At  this  plant  the  first  two-hearth,  me- 
chanical O'Hara  roasting  furnace  was  operated, 
1885;  the  hearths  were  50  by  7  feet.  A  second 
O'Hara  furnace,  erected  1885,  had  hearths  70  by  7 
feet,  and  treated  thirty  tons  ore  in  twenty -four 
hours.  In  1891  ores  were  roasted  in  three  O'Hara 
furnaces  and  one  10-ton  Bruckner  cylinder.  The 
first  smelting  furnace,  a  circular,  water-jacket  blast 
furnace,  36  inches  in  diameter  at  the  tuyeres  and  9 
feet  high,  was  replaced  1885  by  a  larger  furnace.  In 
1887,  two  50-ton  circular,  water-jacket  blast  fur- 
naces were  put  in  operation.  In  1886,  two  reverber- 
atory matting  furnaces  were  added  to  the  plant, 
each  treating  a  twelve-ton  charge  in  twenty-four 
hours. 

The  Colusa-Parrot  Mining  &  Smelting  Co.'s  plant, 
Butte  Reduction  Works,  started  1885  by  employes  of 
the  Parrot  smelter.  At  first  ore  was  roasted  in 
heaps  and  then  smelted  (forty-five  tons  in  twenty- 
four  hours)  in  a  36-inch  water-jacket  blast  furnace. 
A  long  hand  reverberatory  (hearth  100  by  14  feet), 
erected  1886,  remained  in  operation  until  1888,  when 
it  was  cut  in  two,  making  two  furnaces.  In  the 
same  year  the  first  Bruckner  furnace  was  installed 
(cylinder  15  by  7  feet;  charge,  seven  tons).  In  the 
fall  of  1889,  a  second  cylinder,  20  by  8  feet.  In  1894 
the  first  four-deck  Wethey  calciner  was  built,  re- 
placing one  of  the  50  by  14-foot  hand  reverberatory 
roasters  and  the  15  by  7-foot  Bruckner  cylinder.  Its 
work  proving  satisfactory,  a  second  Wethey  furnace 
was  erected.  The  50  by  14-foot  hand  roaster  was 
replaced  by  a  larger  furnace,  75  by  5  feet,  to  be  used 
mainly  for  roasting  slimes.  In  1898  the  third,  and  in 
1900  the  fourth  Wethey  furnace  was  installed,  re- 
placing the  remaining  hand  roasters  and  Bruckner 
cylinder.  Smelting  capacity  of  the.  plant  increased, 
1886,  by  erection  of  a  96  by  42-inch  Orford  brick  fur- 
nace. The  original  36-inch  furnace  was  put  out  of 
blast  and  replaced  in  1889  by  a  furnace  38  inches 
diameter  at  tuyeres.  In  1897  a  sectional  blast  fur- 
nace of  the  United  Verde  hot  air  type,  84  by  42 
inches  at  tuyeres,  replaced  the  two  older  furnaces. 
In  1900  a  second  rectangular  furnace,   112  by  42 


inches  at  tuyeres,  was  put  in  blast,  and  in  1901  the 
84  by  42-inch  furnace  was  enlarged  to  112  by  42 
inches. 

First  reverberatory  matting  furnace  (hearth  15  by 
9  feet)  erected  1887;  the  second  (hearth  18  by  11 
feet),  treating  from  twelve  to  fifteen  tons  per 
twenty-four  hours,  erected  1888.  Then  customary 
to  wet  down  the  roasted  ore  and  shovel  into  the 
matting  furnace  through  the  side  doors.  In  1889 
hoppers  placed  over  the  furnaces  and  roasted  ore 
charged  hot  through  the  roof.  This  increased  smelt- 
ing capacity  from  eighteen  to  twenty-one  tons  in 
twenty-four  hours.  In  1896  one  large  reverberatory 
matting  furnace  (hearth  35  by  16  feet,  capacity 
forty-five  to  fifty  tons  ore  in  twenty-four  hours)  re- 
placed the  two  smaller  furnaces.  A  second  (hearth 
45  by  16  feet,  capacity  fifty-five  to  seventy  tons)  was 
built  in  1897;  and  in  1900  a  third  (hearth  50  by  20 
feet,  capacity  85  to  100  tons).  This  last  did  so  well 
that  the  1896  furnace  was  rebuilt  on  the  lines  of  the 
furnace  of  1900.  Present  plant:  Four  Wethey  four- 
deck  calciners,  two  water-jacketed  blast  furnaces 
(112  by  42  inches  at  tuyeres)  and  three  reverber- 
atory matting  furnaces  (hearths  45  by  16,  50  by  20, 
and  50  by  20  feet). 

The  Butte  &  Boston  Con.  M.  Co.  works  started 
1885  with  four  Bruckner  cylinders  (8  by  18  feet),  two 
reverberatory  matting  furnaces  (hearths  22  by  17 
feet,  treating  five-ton  charges),  and  two  blast  fur- 
naces, the  larger  being  96  by  36  inches  at  the 
tuyeres  and  11  feet  high.  In  1889  two  O'Hara  roast- 
ing furnaces  were  added;  later  four  Allen- Brown- 
O'Hara  furnaces;  and,  these  giving  satisfaction,  the 
original  O'Hara's  were  remodeled  to  the  Allen- 
Brown-O'Hara  type,  and  the  Bruckner  cylinders 
thrown  out.  In  1892,  when  the  plant  burned,  eight 
Allen  -  Brown  -  O'Hara  furnaces  were  in  operation. 
The  plant  was  rebuilt,  the  Allen-Brown-O'Hara  fur- 
naces repaired,  but  not  the  Bruckner.  A  new  blast 
furnace,  96  by  36  inches  and  16  feet  high,  was 
erected  to  take  the  place  of  the  old  small  cupola. 
The  furnace  was  originally  provided  with  a  bell  and 
hopper  feed,  which  proved  too  expensive.  In  1901 
the  width  of  the  new  furnace  was  increased  to  40 
inches  and  the  height  reduced  to  11  feet.  Up  to 
1893  the  blast  furnaces  smelted  little  but  roasted 
concentrates.  Matting  reverberatory  furnaces  re- 
modeled and  increased  in  size  1895.  Converter  plant 
started  1900.  Present  plant:  Eight  Allen-Brown- 
O'Hara  roasting  furnaces  (hearths  90  by  9  feet),  four 
matting  reverberatories  (hearths  60  by  20  feet,  the 
first  furnaces  of  this  size  having  been  built  in  1899- 
90),  one  blast  furnace  96  by  44  inches  at  tuyeres  and 
9  feet  high,  and  three  horizontal  converters  with 
barrels  10  feet  6  inches  by  7  feet. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Archaean  and  Algonkian. 

The  Archaean  is  the  oldest  known  geological  forma- 
tion. It  is  characterized  by  the  entire  absence  of 
clastic  rocks,  such  as  quartzite  and  sandstone,  and 
consists  wholly  of  granitic,  schistose  and  gneissoid 
rocks,  and  is  essentially  the  same  wherever  found. 
One  of  these  kinds  of  rock  may  occupy  large  areas, 
but  when  a  variety  of  rocks  occur  in  a  single  area 
their  geological  relations  are  usually  very  complex. 
They  are  completely  metamorphosed,  the  mineral 
constituents  much  contorted  and  broken,  indicating 
that  the  rocks  of  the  Archaean  have  been  subjected 
to  repeated  metamorphosis  and  powerful  dynamic 
movements.  The  actual  derivation  of  the  Archaean 
is  still  somewhat  doubtful.  They  may  be  meta- 
morphosed sediments,  which  would  require  the  con- 
ception of  still  older  rocks,  the  degradation  of  which 
has  furnished  the  material  for  the  later  sediments. 
It  is  thought  by  some  authorities  that  these  rocks 
represent  igneous  masses  intruded  into  older  sedi- 
ments, the  whole  of  which,  both  sedimentaries  and 
intrusive  masses  have  been  extensively  metamor- 
phosed, or  they  may  be  considered  as  wholly  igneous 
and  representing  either  a  portion  of  the  original 
crust  of  the  earth,  or  else  originally  crystallized 
material  which  now  reached  the  surface  in  conse- 
quence of  inward  crystallization  and  subsequent  ero- 
sion. The  Archaean  rocks  are  unlimited  in  down- 
ward extent,  but  are  limited  above  by  the  Algonkian. 
The  determination  of  Archaean  areas  is  usually  made 
on  lithologioal  grounds.  In  different  parts  of  North 
America  are  one  or  more  series  of  clastic,  that  is, 
fragmental  rocks,  between  the  Archaean  and  the 
base  of  the  Cambrian.  Noted  regions  in  which  these 
rocks  occur  are  in  Canada,  in  the  Lake  Superior 
region,  in  Newfoundland,  New  Brunswick,  the  Black 
Hills  of  South  Dakota,  in  Missouri,  in  Texas,  in  the 
Rocky  mountains,  in  Arizona,  in  California,  in  the 
Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado  river,  in  British  Co- 
lumbia, in  the  Adirondacks,  and  elsewhere.  These 
rocks  are  all  classed  as  Algonkian.  In  some  regions 
it  is  comparatively  easy  to  recognize  the  Algonkian, 
particularly  where  there  is  non-conformability  of 
strata,  but  as  often  it  is  difficult  to  thus  differentiate 
the  Algonkian  from  the  Archaean  on  one  side  and  the 
lower  Cambrian  on  the  other.  The  Archaean,  Algon- 
kian and  Cambrian  formations  are  noted  carriers  of 
ores,  in  which  gold,  silver  and  copper  and  iron  de- 
posits are  the  most  extensive  and  valuable. 


August  1,  1003. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


67 


Mining  in  Broken  Hill,  New  South 
Wales.* 

NUMBER  III  —CONCLUDED. 


as  human  knowledge  or  judgment  can  avail,  a  place 
may  be  sounded  and  examined  by  miners  with  a  life- 
time experience  and  reported  as  safe,  when  a  few 
hours  afterwards  the  back  falls  in  and  reveals  a  fault 
or  crack  which  the  sounding  did   not  make   known, 


Written  by  Edwin  k.  Beaumont. 

Another  modification  of  the  square  set  syjtem  as 
adopted  in  the  Central  mine  is  known  as  the  "block 
system"  (see  Figs.  10  and  11).  The  lode  for  its  en- 
tire length  through  M.  L.  No.  9  has  been  surveyed 
into  parallel  blocks  each  50  feet  wide — i.  e.,  ten  sets, 
each  5  feet  wide.  Each  alternate  division  is  a  block 
and  the  next  a  stope.  The  whole  level  is  gradually 
developed  by  a  drive  along  the  foot  wall  and  by  cross- 
cuts to  the  hanging  wall,  thereby  determining  the 
width  of  the  lode  along  its  entire  length,  and  the 
stopes  are  then  carried  from  the  foot  wall  to  the 
hanging  wall  on  the  sill  floor,  and  the  space  filled 
with  square  sets,  leaving  every  facility  for  forming 
the  necessary  gangways,  chutes,  etc.  These  are 
then  filled  in  with  mullock  and  the  stope  starts  on  its 
course  upwards,  being  exactly  50  feet  wide  the  en- 
tire width  of  the  lode  at  that  point,  thus  leaving  a 
pillar  of  ore  50  feet  wide  on  each  side  of  it  from  wall 
to  wall,  which  will  carry  all  pressure  during  the  min- 
ing of  this  stope.  A  run  of  square  sets  is  put  in 
each  side  of  the  stope  as  it  goes  upwards,  forming  a 
gangway  and  ladderway,  the  sides  of  which  are 
lathed  or  paddocked  off,  thereby  confining  the  mul- 
lock filling  in  the  center  of  the  stope.  The  ore  is 
broken  by  machine  drills  driven  by  compressed   air, 


sets  or  staging  before  they  can  actually  examine  it 
and  assure  themselves  of  its  safety.  Another  ad- 
vantage is  the  saving  in  the  expense  of  timber.  Of 
course,  against  this  must  be  placed  the  cost  of  quarry- 
ing the  mullock  filling  on  the  surface  and  conveying 


Fig.  10.— The  Block  System  of  Sloping. 


wmk 


T  ft  A  C  T/O/V 


vz»    .    riiArrt_c~ 


Fig.  II.— The  Block  System  of  Stoping 


it  to  the  stopes,  which  would,  however,  be  required  in 
any  case  in  filling  the  square  sets  in  the  other  sys- 
tems. The  great  advantage  of  good  air  is  important, 
as  the  mullock  fills  in  all  spaces  except  the  winzes 
and  stope  itself  where  it  is  being  worked,  thus  ensur- 
ing always  at  the  working  face  a  current  of  air, 
which  also  carries  off  the  smoke  after  firing  and  adds 
to  the  miners'  health  and  comfort,  removing  much 
that  in  former  days  made  the  miner's  life  a  hazardous 
and  unhealthy  one. 

Conclusion  of  Underground  Stopinq. — There  is 
one  other  important  method  employed,  and  by  which 
a  large  amount  of  oxidized  ore  has  been  removed.  I 
refer  to  the  open-cut  system  and  surface  extraction. 
In  reference  to  the  open-cut  system  I  am  indebted  to 
J.  J.  Shaw,  engineer  in  charge  and  manager  for  Bax- 
ter &  Saddler's  contracts  in  working  their  open  ex- 
cavations, for  his  courtesy  in  supplying  me  with  the 
necessary  data,  drawings,  etc. 

Open  Excavations. — The  large  surface  excava- 
tions are  one  of  the  chief  sights  of  Broken  Hill,  and 
though  descriptions  may  give  a  slight  idea  of  their 
extent,  I  think  they  must  be  seen  to  be  understood 
or  appreciated.  Imagine  an  open  cavern,  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile  long,  traversing  the  whole  of  the 
Broken  Hill  Proprietary  Co.'s  blocks  11,  12  and  13, 
each  of  which  is  20  chains  along  the  line  of  lode  and 
20  chains  wide.  The  widths  of  these  cuttings  vary 
from  120  feet  in  block  11  (in  what  is  known  as 
Smith's  cut)  to  about  350  feet  wide  across  Baxter  & 
Saddler's  cutting  in  block  12.  There  is  also  a 
great  width  of  300  feet  opposite  McGregor's 
shaft  in  the  center  of  Block  11,     The  cuts  are  down 


and  in  the  same  lifts  and  proportions  as  in  the  before 
mentioned  open  stope  system.  The  ore  falling  od  the 
mu'.lock  filling  in  the.  center  of  the  stope  is  popped 
and  spawled  into  suitable  size  for  handling  and  truck- 
ing to  the  shaft  for  haulage  to  the  surface.  One 
great  difference  in  this  system  from  the  others  is 
that  the  winzes — 6x5  feet— are  always  sunk  100  feet 
apart  at  the  side  of  each  alternate  stope,  being  half 
in  the  stope  and  half  in  the  adj  lining  block,  thereby 
saving  a  second  winze  when  the  block  is  being  taken 
out  at  any  future  time.  The  ore  from  the  adjoining 
stopes  having  been  all  extracted,  and  the  space  filled 
with  the  mullock,  this  winze  will  then  be  available 
and  serve  the  same  purpose  for  the  remaining  block. 
The  same  advantages  of  ventilation,  mullocking  and 
stoping  all  apply  to  these  stopes,  as  in  the  foregoing 
open  cut  and  sloping  stope  systems,  and  they  are 
mullocked  up  in  the  same  manner,  excepting  that  the 
chutes  for  conveying  the  ore  from  the  working  faces 
to  the  sill  floor  are  placed  in  the  runs  of  sets,  placed 
on  the  sides  of  the  stopes  for  that  purpose,  and  the 
chutes  can  be  placed  at  any  suitable  intervals  for  the 
workings. 

The  advantages  and  disadvantages  of  these  several 
systems  are:  The  whole  of  the  ore  body  is,  or  at-least 
eventually  can  be,  extracted,  and  after  extraction  of 
lode  material  comparatively  few,  if  any,  large  voids 
or  openings  are  left,  which  also  leaves  the  surface 
areas  for  works,  mills,  machinery,  etc.,  almost  free 
from  risk  of  subsidence.  The  great  advantage  evi- 
dent from  the  presence  of  mullock  filling — in  lieu  of  a 
forest  of  timber — is  the  immunity  from  risk  of  fire. 
The  miner  is  always  in  reach  of  the  "back,"  i.  e., 
from  3  feet  to  9  feet,  and  can  readily  sound  and  ex- 
amine the  back  of  the  workings,  and  thereby  make 
sure  they  are  safe;  this  ensures  a  great  freedom  from 
accident  caused  by  masses  of  ore  falling  on  men  while 
at  work  immediately  under  them,  though,  unfortu- 
nately, recent  experiences  have  shown  that,  as  far 


for    fiouble   TracA 


■  Standard  Dr/ye  7/mder/njj.  - 

(  Setsphced  tOcenti-eii 


for  *SjnifJe  TracJ:- 


Afote- 

_  /o' '  ti*q>  w.  loft  gmuut 
J~d**p  uit/mntgtouiuL  > 
6y  /cr  i**U.  It 


Fig.  12. 


serious  or  fatal  accidents  consequently  resulting;  but 
even  then  this  cannot  in  any  way  be  compared  to  the 
great  risk  incurred  by  men  when  re-erecting  square 
sets  that  have  been  knocked  down  by  a  heavy  shot, 
when  sometimes  a  charge  will  bring  away  more 
ground  than  anticipated,  for  then  a  dozen  or  more 
sets  will  come  down,  and  the  men  will  have  to  work 
under,  probably,  a  dangerous  back  in  re-erecting  the 


about  250  feet,  and  they  are  recovering  a  large 
amount  of  timber  that  was  used  underground  in  the 
square  set  system  of  stoping  in  the  old  200  level 
workings,  the  ore  from  which  was  then  hauled  up 
the  various  shafts  before  the  open  cuts  reached  their 
present  depths.  The  great  mass  of  over-burden, 
mullock,  country  rock,  etc.,  that  has  been  removed 
in  the  extraction  of  the  ore,  can  be  imagined  by  the 


68 


Mining  and  Scientific  Pres*. 


August  1,  1903. 


heaps  on  both  sides  of  the  line  of  lode,  reaching  (near 
the  outer  portions)'  a  height  of  60  feet  or  more  (the 
angles  of  repose  being  between  30°  and  40°).  The 
areas  covered  by  the  base  of  these  heaps  (following 
the  area  described  by  the  toe  of  the  various  dumps) 
will  almost  equal  the  area  of  the  adjoining  bases  of 
the  lode;  in  fact,  supplementary  leases  have  been 
taken  up  on  which  the  mullock  heaps  and  debris 
have  been  deposited. 

Incline  Tramways.— One  of  the  most  interesting 
features  of  the  works  is  the  system  of  "incline  tram- 
ways," by  which  the  waste  is  removed  from  the  cuts. 
The  grade  is  2  feet  to  1  foot  approximately;  they  are 
always  double  lines,  and  two  end-tipping  trucks, 
called  "dobbins,"  are  used,  being  hauled  by  a  i-inch 
wire  rope  attached  to  a  hauling  engine  or  winch  hav- 
ing a  loose  drum  and  9-inch  cylinders,  approximately 
15  H.  P.  The  empty  dobbin  runs  down  the  incline, 
while  the  full  one  is  being  drawn  up,  thus  aiding  the 
traction  of  the  loaded  one.  On  arrival  at  the  sur- 
face, near  the  engine  room,  the  full  dobbin  is  stopped 
by  placing  a  "  sprag  "  on  the  wheel  (this  is  a  piece  of 
hardwood  about  18  inches  or  2  feet  long  and  4  inches 
in  diameter);  the  hauling  rope  is  detached,  and  a 
horse  hitched  to  the  dobbin,  which  is  then  drawn 
along  a  surface  line  of  3  feet  6  inches  gauge,  and  be- 
ing an  end-tipping  truck  is  run  to  the  end  of  the 
bank,  where  a  "cradle"  or  tipping  trough  of  old 
sleepers  is  formed ;  the  sudden  impact  of  the  front 
wheels  in  this  cradle  causes  the  dobbin  to  discharge 
its  load  over  the  end  of  the  dump;  of  course,  as  the 
dump  grows  the  cradle  or  tipping  trough  is  removed 
to  the  outer  edge,  the  invert  being  generally  about  6 
inches  below  the  level  of  the  line. 

Horses. — Horses  are  used  in  running  out  these 
dobbins.  The  driver  runs  alongside  and  on  nearing 
the  end  of  the  dump  pulls  a  strap  fastened  near  the 
breeching,  which  releases  the  fastening  attaching 
the  horse  to  the  dobbin.  The  horse  immediately  runs 
off  the  line  and  allows  the  dobbin  to  pass  him,  and 
then  trots  up  behind  and  turns  round,  ready  to  be 
re-hitched  to  the  empty  dobbin  to  draw  it  back  to 
the  cutting  again,  often  needing  nothing  more  than  a 
word  from  the  driver.  Unfortunately  the  animals 
working  in  the  bottom  of  the  cuts,  where  the  oxidized 
ore  is  mined  and  dust  frequently  blows  about,  some- 
times get  leaded,  and  then  become  the  same  type  of 
wreck  that  the  men  do  when  they  suffer  from  the 
same  malady,  which,  since  the  stopping  of  the  smelt- 
ers on  the  Barrier,  I  am  pleased  to  say,  is  not  such 
a  menace,  or  nearly  so  prevalent  as  in  the  early  days. 
This,  I  think,  is  largely  due  to  the  greater  cleanli- 
ness of  the  workmen  and  the  increased  facilities 
given  by  all  the  mining  companies — for  each  mine 
has  its  own  changing  house,  where  the  men  can  in- 
dulge in  a  hot  oz  cold  plunge  or  shower  bath.  Yet 
it  is  remarkable  how  many  miners  go  home  daily  cov- 
ered with  black  sulphide  dust,  looking  more  like 
aborigines  than  white  men. 

Flying  Fox. — The  next  most  important  method  of 
extraction  and  that  by  which  the  greater  part  of  the 
ore  from  the  open  cuts  is  raised  to  the  surface  is  the 
"  flying  fox,"  which  is  the  name  given  to  a  large  skip 
which  is  hauled  up  and  conveyed  along  an  aerial  rope- 
way, and  thence  discharged  into  large  ore  bins  at 
the  sides  of  the  railway  lines  on  the  surface,  from 
which  it  is  conveyed  to  the  mill  or  to  the  smelters. 
A  mast  is  erected  on  each  side  of  the  cut  and  a  cable 
stretched  over  an  iron  saddle  near  the  top.  The 
cable  is  anchored  securely  on  either  side,  while  on  the 
surface  is  located  the  hauling  engines,  of  the  same 
type  as  used  on  the  incline,  having  a  loose  pulley  and 
reversing  gear.  An  attachment  called  a  bicycle  runs 
along  the  main  cable  across  the  cut,  having  on  it  four 
pulleys.  The  upper  two  travel  along  the  cable,  the 
lower  two  being  used  in  hoisting  the  skip  vertically 
from  the  cut,  and  the  same  rope — called  the  "  travel- 
ing rope  " — then  draws  the  bicycle,  and,  of  course, 
with  it  the  skip  along  the  cable.  When  it  is  over  the 
bin  on  the  surface  a  self-acting  catch  holds  it  steady, 
while  it  is  lowered  and  discharges  its  load  into  the 
bin.  The  skip  is  again  hoisted  and  is  run  out  along 
the  cable  and  again  lowered  into  the  cutting.  In  the 
meantime  a  second  skip  has  been  filled  and  it  is 
attached  and  hoisted  and  discharged  as  before. 

The  skips  are  about  1  foot  4  inches  deep,  4  feet 
wide  and  5  feet  long,  and  hold  about  1  cubic  yard. 
They  are  suspended  by  four  chains,  one  at  each  cor- 
ner, the  back  two  being  fixed  to  the  skip,  while  the 
front  ones  are  fastened  by  hooks,  which  are  undone  to 
release  the  load.  These  skips  are  used  for  many  pur- 
poses besides  hauling  ore,  for  I  have  seen  a  workman 
with  a  broken  leg  hauled  to  the  surface  and  depos- 
ited safely,  thus  saving  a  steep  climb  up  the  banks. 
The  sides  of  the  cutting  are  designed  with  a  slope  of 
a  half  to  one  and  three-quarters  to  one,  and  would 
meet  at  a  depth  of  about  250  feet,  but  owing  to  the 
frequent  slips  of  the  sides  they  are  at  present  very 
irregular.  Some  very  heavy  firing  is  done  in  these 
cuttings,  which  shakes  the  ground  for  a  great  dis- 
tance, but  great  masses  of  the  rock  are  removed. 

Ore  Body.— The^ore  body  in  the  center  of  the  cut 
is  about  25  feet  to  50  feet  in  width.  The  open  cut- 
ting m  Baxter  &  Saddler's  contract,  block  12,  and 
also  in  Smith's  cutting,  block  11,  are  now  working 
immediately  above  the  fire  area,  and  frequently 
pieces  of  burnt  timber  and  slagged  rock  are  found. 
These  cuts  were  of  great  use  in  coping  with  fires 


underground  by  pouring  large  quantities  of  water 
down  the  shafts  right  above  the  fire  area. 

Drive  Sets. — There  is  one  other  feature  to  which 
I  will  draw  your  attention,  viz.,  the  sets  as  used  in 
the  double  track  drives,  where  horses  are  used 
underground.  The  application  of  these  will  be  evi- 
dent from  the  drawing  (Fig.  12).  They  are  specially 
designed  to  withstand  heavy  vertical  and  lateral 
pressure,  and  are  placed  at  intervals  according  to 
the  nature  of  the  back  or  country  they  have  to  hold, 
but  generally  about  4  feet  to  5  feet  center  to  center. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  know  that  the  horses  used 
in  underground  traction  are  stabled  underground 
and  seem  to  thrive  well,  for  they  are  all  in  good  con- 
dition and  take  kindly  to  their  work.  The  stables 
are  lighted  with  electric  light. 


Passing  of  a  Noted  Han. 

In  last  week's  issue  appeared  a  brief  notice  of  the 
death  of  Thos.  Chalmers  in  Chicago,  111.,  on  July  13th. 
The  man  whose  portrait  appears  herewith  retired 
from  active  business  in  1893.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  firm  of  Fraser  &  Chalmers,  who  com- 


Thos.  Stuart  Chalmers. 

menced  business  in  1872  in  Chicago,  succeeding  the 
Eagle  Works  Manufacturing  Co.,  after  P.  W.  Gates, 
president  of  that  company,  had  decided  to  liquidate 
after  the  great  fire  of  1871.  Fraser  &  Chalmers 
commenced  operations  with  sixty  men  on  property 
60x145  feet,  and  two  years  ago  when  they  were  ab- 
sorbed by  the  Allis-Chalmers  Co.  they  were  working 
1500  men  in  Chicago  and  1000  men  at  shops  they  had 
built  in  England,  at  Frith,  Kent. 

Thomas  Chalmers  was  a  skilled  mechanic  of  the  old 
school,  who,  having  served  an  apprenticeship  of  seven 
years  in  Scotland,  received  the  balance  of  his  educa- 
tion, both  technical  and  commercial,  by  contact  with 
the  world  and  learning  its  requirements.  His  life  is 
a  history,  when  one  considers  that  he  came  to  Chicago 
when  it  had  a  population  of  4000  people;  that  he 
lived  there  sixty  years;  that  he  was  in  touch  with 
the  development  of  the  Middle  West  and  the  great 
NorthAest,  and  had  to  do  personally  with  so  many 
large  institutions  where  power  or  machinery  has  been 
required  from  the  beginning  to  the  present  day  in 
the  development  of  this  great  country. 

Thomas  Stuart  Chalmers  was  born  June  14,  1816, 
at  Dronley,  near  Dundee,  Scotland.  His  father, 
William  Chalmers,  was  a  manufacturer  of  linen.  At 
that  time  it  was  all  done  by  hand  weaving.  People 
in  those  days  never  went  20  miles  away  from  where 
they  were  born.  There  were  no  railroads  or  con- 
veyances of  any  kind  in  Scotland — none  there  or  here 
either — no  steam  loom  weaving — everything  done  by 
hand  weaving.  William  Chalmers,  father  of  Thomas, 
did  it  all  in  his  place.  People  for  20  or  30  miles 
around  delivered  the  webs  to  him  at  Dronley.  He 
went  to  school  until  he  was  14  years  of  age,  then 
went  to  learn  his  trade — that  of  a  machinist — at 
Brown  &  Allen,  Dundee,  manufacturers  of  spinning 
machinery.  At  that  time  steam-spinning  machinery 
was  beginning  to  be  manufactured. 

Mr.  Chalmers  served  seven  years  as  an  apprentice 
and  was  paid  half  a  crown  (equal  to  56  cents  Ameri- 
can coin)  a  week  from  the  beginning,  and  was  raised 
a  shilling  per  week  every  year,  making  2s  6d  for  the 
first  year;  3s  6d  for  the  second;  4s  6d  for  the  third; 
53  6d  for  the  fourth;  63  6d  for  the  fifth;  7s  63  for  the 
sixth;  83  61  for  the  seventh — equal  to  about  $2.12 
per  week  at  the  end  of  the  seven  years — which  was 
considered  fair  pay.  At  the  end  of  the  seven  years 
Chalmers  went  off  as  a  journeyman  machinist  to  a 
place  called  Fyfe  in  Fyfeshire,  Scotland,  about  15  or 
20  miles  from  Dundee.  There  were  no  railroads,  so 
he  had  to  walk  it  and  alone.     He  worked  in  that  shop 


for  three  years  (Brown  &  Co.)  as  an  erecting  ma- 
chinist, putting  up  power  spinning  and  carding  ma- 
chines in  the  different  mills  throughout  Scotland, 
reaching  these  various  mills  by  stage.  They  were 
within  a  radius  of  probably  20  to  25  miles.  He  got 
18s  per  week  at  first  and  was  afterwards  raised  to 
20s — £1  a  week — or  about  $5  per  week.  He  had  to 
pay  5s  per  week  for  board  and  lodging.  There  was 
no  way  really  to  spend  the  money  outside,  so  the 
balance  was  practically  saved.  There  was  very 
little  dissipation  in  those  days.  There  were  no  visit- 
ing showmen  nor  circus  nor  traveling  theatricals,  but 
lots  of  gypsys  around  the  country  who  simply  told 
fortunes.  Tinkers  made  tinware  and  made  horn 
spoons  out  of  cattle's  horns. 

Once  every  year  there  was  a  country  fair  and 
cattle  show  and  people  came  from  the  country  all 
around.  There  were  no  prizes  given  nor  offered. 
That  was  the  time  that  people  were  engaged  for  the 
year,  and  that  time  they  made  engagements  for 
labor.  The  engagement  was  that  they  could  neither 
discharge  a  man  nor  could  he  leave.  If  a  man  wanted 
to  leave  at  the  end  of  the  year  he  could  go  to  this 
fair  and  get  another  agreement  for  another  year 
somewhere  else  and  the  bond  was  good.  He  could 
not  be  discharged  nor  could  he  leave,  and  if  he  did 
leave  nobody  would  employ  him;  if  a  man  tried  to 
discharge  him  he  could  not  do  it  unless  he  had  good 
cause  for  it. 

He  went  to  Chicago  in  1843  and  went  to  work  at 
the  corner  of  Randolph  St.  and  Fifth  Ave.,  working 
there  six  weeks  at  $6  per  week  for  a  man  named 
Nickerson.  He  had  a  small  machine  shop,  all  horse 
power  machinery.  He  was  to  get  $1  a  day,  but 
never  received  anything,  the  time  he  worked  there 
being  lost.  Nickerson  could  not  get  any  money  for 
what  he  had  done.  He  could  not  collect  it.  Chalmers 
did  all  kinds  of  repairing  work  there  and  put  heat- 
ing apparatus  in  the  old  Dearborn  school,  on  Madison 
St.,  between  State  and  Dearborn.  He  then  went 
back  to  Lock  port,  111.,  and  worked  on  his  farm  until 
the  fall.  He  then  went  to  Chicago  again  in  the  fall 
of  1844,  walking  back  and  forth  each  time.  He  tried 
to  get  on  board  one  of  the  steamers  running  from 
Buffalo  to  Chicago,  daily  line.  He  wanted  to  see  if 
he  could  not  work  his  passage  down  to  Buffalo  where 
he  could  get  work  at  his  trade,  but  could  not  do  it. 
When  he  came  back  to  Chicago  in  the  fall  he  came 
alone  and  walked.  He  then  went  to  work  for  P.  W. 
Gates,  who  had  a  blacksmith  shop  located  then  on 
what  is  the  viaduct  at  Randolph  St.,  but  was  then 
West  Water  St.  He  was  a  young  man  and  a  black- 
smith and  was  working  with  his  father-in-law,  Hiram 
Scoville.  They  were  both  blacksmiths,  Chalmers  be- 
ing the  only  machinist  there.  They  were  the  only 
three  in  the  shop,  doing  farm  repair  work  and  mak- 
ing wagons,  plows  and  everything  that  came  along. 
Chalmers  was  associated  with  Gates  a  great  many 
years — until  1871;  then,  becoming  dissatisfied,  he 
took  a  place  as  chief  engineer  on  the  Lady  of  the 
Lake.  He  stayed  on  tha  boat  a  whole  season  up  till 
September,  which  was  run  between  Chicago  and 
Buffalo.  It  took  twelve  days  to  make  the  round 
trip — six  days  each  way.  She  carried  passengers. 
He  received  $40  per  month  and  board.  That  was 
the  first  money  he  had  seen. 

The  briefest  sketch  of  Mr.  Chalmers'  career  would 
be  a  history  of  the  industrial  life  of  Chicago,  in  which 
for  nearly  sixty  years  he  bore  so  honorable  a  part. 

United  States  Geological  Survey  in  the  Oil  Fields  of 
California. 


The  United  States  Geological  Survey,  within  the 
last  eighteen  months,  has  been  making  a  preliminary 
examination  of  the  productive  oil  fields  of  California, 
with  a  view,  first,  to  acquiring  a  knowledge  of  the 
general  conditions  of  occurrence  of  petroleum  in  the 
State,  and,  second,  to  applying  the  laws  that  may  be 
deduced  from  such  researches  to  other  portions  of 
the  Coast  Range.  The  director  of  the  Survey  has 
long  recognized  the  paucity  of  knowledge  relating  to 
Coast  Range  geology,  and  in  view  of  the  fact  that 
several  of  the  formations  of  this  region  are  oil-bear- 
ing he  is  now  directing  especial  efforts  to  unraveling 
the  intricate  problems  with  which  mining  engineers, 
oil  men  and  others  have  to  do  in  the  prosecution  of 
their  professional  and  industrial  work.  A  consider- 
able number  of  topographic  maps,  covering  the  agri- 
cultural regions  of  southern  California,  have  already 
been  published — these  with  special  reference  to  the 
water  supply.  Latterly  other  sheets  of  a  similar 
nature,  but  covering  more  particularly  the  oil  fields, 
both  productive  and  prospective,  have  been  pre- 
pared and  are  now  in  the  hands  of  the  engraver. 
Still  others  are  under  survey  in  the  field.  Eventu- 
ally it  is  proposed  to  cover  the  entire  area  of  the 
Coast  Range,  the  field  work  to  be  carried  on  as  rap- 
idly as  the  resources  of  the  Survey  will  permit.  The 
Survey  has  in  press,  for  immediate  publication 
as  Bulletin  No.  215,  a  catalogue  and  index  supple- 
mental to  the  catalogue  and  index  published  in  1901. 
The  present  catalogue  begins  where  the  former  ends; 
but  there  will  be  found  in  this  index  some  entries — 
additional  and  corrective — which  refer  to  papers 
covered  by  Bulletin  No.  177.  The  two  bulletins  con- 
stitute a  general  catalogue  and  index  of  the  publi- 
cations of  the  Geological  Survey  from  its  organiza- 
tion in  1879  to  the  present  time. 


August  1    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


69 


Modern  Practice  in  Hydro-Electric  Planti. 

Written  for  tbe  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

One  of  the  most  important  installations  on  tbe 
Pacific  coast,  when  completed,  will  be  that  of  the 
Columbia  Improvement  Co.  cf  Tacoma,  Wash.,  now 
under  course  of  construction.  The  operative  point 
of  this  installation  is  located  on  the  Puyallup  river, 
midway  between  Tacoma  and  Seattle.  The  initial 
water  supply  comes  from  the  glaciers  and  snow 
peaks  of  Mount  Rinier,  forming  the  Puyallup  river. 
The  water  is  led  from  the  river  by  a  flume,  and,  tak- 
ing advantage  of  a  bend  in  the  river,  is  carried  10 
miles  across  country  to  a  bluff,  from  which  point  it 
discharges  into  the  river  again,  after  passing  through 
the  wheels.  Tbe  head  available  is  850  feet,  and  the 
water  discharges  onto  the  wheels  through  four  sepa- 
rate pipes,  each  4S  inches  diameter  by  1650  feet  in 
length,  varying  in  thickness,  according  to  the  pres- 
sure, from  I  inch  at  the  top  to  I  inch  at  the  bottom 
of  the  line.  There  are  four  main  electrical  units,  con- 
sisting of  3500  K.  W.,  225  R.  P.  M.  General  Electric 
generators.  Each  generator  is  driven  by  Pelton 
wheels,  direct  connected.  There  are  two  wheels  to 
each  unit,  the  generator  shaft  being  extended  on 
either  side  and  the  wheels  mounted  on  the  overhang. 
The  wheels  proper  consist  of  cast  steel  annealed  cen- 
ters, to  which  are  bolted  cast  steel  buckets,  making 
the  total  wheel  diameter  10  feet.  The  buckets  are 
designed  to  take  a  7-inch  stream,  and  are  24  inches 
across  the  face,  each  bucket  weighing  250  pounds. 
The  total  weight  of  each  complete  wheel  and  center 
is  approximately  13,000  pounds. 

Owing  to  the  high  head  and  extraordinary  amount 
of  power  involved  (each  unit  with  its  overload  capac- 
ity is  capable  of  developing  7500  H.  P.),  the  finest 
mechanical  construction  is  necessary.  The  interior 
surface  of  each  bucket  is  carefully  ground  out  to  true 
hydraulic  curves  by  means  of  special  apparatus,  and 
the  buckets  are  independently  weighed  and  balanced, 
there  being  less  than  i  pound  difference  in  weight  in 
any  of  them.  The  center  is  machined  all  over,  and, 
when  the  buckets  are  secured,  the  complete  wheel  is 
adjusted  to  a  perfect  running  balance  of  225  R.  P.  M. 
The  shaft,  which  carries  the  rotor  and  the  two  wheels, 
is  of  nickel  steel,  being  20  inches  in  diameter  where 
rotor  is  carried,  16  inches  at  bearings  and  14  inches 
where  wheels  overhang. 

The  bearings,  two  in  number  for  each  unit,  are  of 
exceptionally  heavy  construction ;  they  are  of  the 
ring-oiling  generator  type,  mounted  on  cast  iron  floor 
frames  for  setting  in  masonry  foundation.  Although 
of  liberal  proportions,  the  bearings  are  called  upon 
to  sustain  an  enormous  pressure  under  high  j  lurnal 
speed,  and  they  are  designed  with  every  known  safe- 
guard. 

In  addition  to  the  oil  rings  of  usual  type,  the  bear- 
ings are  water  j  icketed  with  an  auxiliary  water  pump 
and  have  independent  oil  pumps  to  insure  oil  under 
pressure  being  supplied  to  the  journals  at  all  times. 
As  an  additional  precaution  against  overheating, 
each  bearing  is  equipped  with  an  electric  thermostat 
and  alarm,  which  indicates  any  rise  in  temperature 
above  a  certain  point.    . 

Water  is  supplied  to  each  wheel  through  a  c:m- 
bination  pin  and  deflecting  nozzle,  enabling  the  most 
economic  use  of  water  at  all  stages  of  load. 

The  nozzles  are  controlled  by  special- type  Lombard 
governors,  designed  for  this  particular  work. 

The  main  gate  valve  of  each  wheel  is  of  the  Pelton 
single-disc  type,  with  outside  yoke  and  screw  and 
rising  spindle,  the  body  being  of  cast  steel,  annealed 
and  broDze  mounted.  The  valve  stem  is  of  nickel 
steel,  and  there  are  oil-packed  steel  roller  bearings 
to  take  the  thrust  in  all  directions.  This  arrange- 
ment makes  the  gates  readily  operative,  even  under 
the  extreme  pressure.  The  wheels  are  inclosed  in 
heavy,  sheet  steel  housings,  ribbed  and  reinforced  to 
prevent  vibration  and  noise. 

In  addition  to  the  four  main  units,  there  are  two 
exciter  units  of  200  H.  P.  capacity  each,  of  the  same 
general  type  as  the  main  units.  Thus,  the  total  ca- 
pacity of  this  plant  will  be  in  excess  of  30,000  electri- 
cal horse  power,  which  it  is  proposed  to  transmit  to 
Seattle  and  Tacoma,  each  distant  about  35  miles, 
for  use  in  the  various  industrial  enterprises  there- 
abouts. 

The  scheme  is  the  creation  of  Stone  &  Webster,  an 
engineering  firm  of  Boston,  Mass.,  the  electrical  ap- 
paratus being  furnished  by  the  General  Electric  Co. 
and  the  hydraulic  equipment  by  the  Pelton  Water 
Wheel  Co.  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Sinking  a  Shaft  in  Quicksand    by    the    Freezing   Process. 

Sinking  of  a  shaft  in  quicksand  at  the  Laura  and 
Vereeninging  Colliery,  in  Limburg  province,  Holland, 
has  been  accomplished.  The  shaft  is  270  feet  deep  to 
the  coal  measures  and  15  feet  inside  diameter.  It  is 
described  by  the  Iron  and  Coal  Trade  Raview  as  fol- 
lows : 

At  first  a  temporary  shaft,  with  a  diameter  of 
about  30  feet,  was  sunk  to  a  depth  of  28  feet,  and  was 
provided  with  a  provisional  timbering  consisting  of 
planks  and  rings  of  channel  iron  From  the  bottom 
of  this  shaft  twenty-four  boreholes  were  made,  in- 
tended for  the  reception  of  the  freezing  tubes.  These 
holes  were  sunk  on  the  periphery  of  a  circle  with  a 
diameter  of  24  feet,  so  that  the  freezing  tubes  were 


at  a  distance  of  about  36  inches  from  each  other. 
They  are  of  a  diameter  of  4  or  4J  inches,  and  accom- 
modate the  small  descending  pipes,  which  only  meas- 
ure H  inches  across.  The  latter  communicate  by 
means  of  valves  with  a  distributing  ring,  and  the 
former  with  a  return  ring,  introduced  in  order  to  be 
able  to  regulate  the  flow  of  the  freezing  solution.  In 
the  middle  of  each  freezing  tube  there  is  inserted  an 
elastic  union  which  admits  of  its  expansion  and  con- 
traction with  the  fluctuations  of  the  temperature. 
The  freezing  liquor,  which  consists  of  a  solution  of 
chloride  of  magnesium,  leaves  the  refrigerators  at  a 
temperature  of  20°  C.  and  passes  into  the  distribut- 
ing ring,  then  down  the  small  descending  pipe  as  far 
as  the  bottom  of  the  freezing  tube,  in  order  to  ascend 
through  the  annular  space  between  the  pipe  and  the 
tube,  until  it  reaches  the  return  ring,  from  which  it  is 
conveyed  by  a  pipe  back  again  to  the  refrigerators, 
where  the  temperature  is  once  more  lowered.  By 
means  of  the  various  valves  any  one  of  the  freezing 
tubes  can  be  cut  out  of  the  system.  This  operation 
is  rendered  necessary  when  one  of  them  becomes 
stopped  up  or  leaks. 

For  the  production  of  the  cold  there  was  a  double 
compressor,  of  which  the  piston  diameters  were  5 
inches  and  7J  inches,  and  the  stroke  18  inches.  This 
machine  was  driven  by  a  steam  engine  through  the 
medium  of  a  belt.  The  carbonic  acid  was  drawn  in 
at  a  pressure  of  220  pounds  per  square  inch  and  com- 
pressed to  from  1000  to  1200  pounds  per  square  inch. 
The  compressed  and  consequently  heated  gas  was 
next  sent  through  a  cooler,  where  it  lost  some  of  its 
heat,  and  then  was  passed  into  the  two  condensers  in 
which  it  was  liquefied,  and  finally  the  carbonic  acid 
was  conveyed  through  a  third  condenser  to  the  re-  | 


shaft  in  the  coal-bearing  strata  a  collapse  occurred 
on  the  south  side,  filling  the  shaft  with  40  feet  of  sand 
and  water.  Water  is  then  pumped  into  the  shaft, 
filling  it  completely.  Twelve  more  boreholes  were 
driven  into  the  shaft  close  to  the  sides,  and  six  more 
holes  on  tbe  south  side  of  the  shaft  and  18  feet  from 
its  center.  This  area  was  frozen  and  the  work  of  ex- 
cavation again  begun,  and  8}  months  after  the  acci- 
dent had  occurred  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  was  again 
reached. 

The  Torpedo  Drill. 

The  Torpedo  drill  is  stated  by  its  manufacturer 
to  be  the  result  of  development  through  experi- 
ment and  experience  during  the  progress  of  regular 
mining  operations  at  the  North  Star  mines,  Grass 
Valley,  Nevada  county,  Cal.,  A.  DeW.  Foote  super- 
intendent, who  is  represented  to  have  invented  the 
Corliss  valve  system  as  applied  to  rock  drills.  The 
Torpedo  drill  is  designed  to  so  act  that  the  full  pres- 
sure delivered  by  the  hose  will  be  received  by  the 
pistor. 

By  reference  to  the  cut  (Fig.  1)  the  construction 
and  the  operation  of  this  drill  may  be  readily  under- 
stood. A  is  the  piston,  which  impinges  on  a  circular 
rocker  operating  within  the  Torpedo  valve  chest, 
which  is  bolted  to  the  cylinder  on  the  line  KK.  The 
circular  rocker  is  held  in  position  by  the  bronze 
guide  H,  which  is  readily  removed.  Attached  to  the 
rocker  by  the  pins  SS  are  two  valve  rods  DD,  which 
are  attached  to  the  circular  valves  EE  by  the  pins 
PP.  These  circular  valves  EE  are  Corliss  valves, 
which  fit  within  steel  bushings.  These  bushings  are 
shrunk  into  the  valve  chest  proper,  after  the  valve 


Sectional  View  Torpedo  Drill. 


frigerators.  Bsfore  entering  the  worms  of  this  ap- 
paratus, it  passed  through  an  expansion  valve,  which 
suddenly  brought  the  pressure  from  1100  pounds  down 
to  about  200  pounds,  causing  a  most  intense  absorp- 
tion of  heat,  or,  in  other  words,  the  production  of  in- 
tense cold.  The  refrigerator  is  a  cylindrical  vessel 
with  a  diameter  of  56  inches  and  a  height  of  110  inches 
which  is  filled  with  the  freezing  mixture,  consisting 
of  a  solution  of  magnesium  chloride  30%  strong.  The 
spiral  worm  tube  with  the  carbonic  acid  winds  inside 
this  vessel  and  causes  the  temperature  of  the  solu- 
tion to  sink  to  20°  C,  at  which  it  is  pumped  into  the 
distributing  ring  and  from  thence  flows  down  the 
freezing  tube. 

The  boreholes  were  carefully  tested  to  see  that 
they  were  vertical,  for  any  considerable  deviation 
from  the  vertical  would  leave  an  unfrozsn  space  in 
the  wall  of  ice.  Rotary  borers  were  used  and  three 
months'  time  were  required  to  put  the  twenty-four 
holes  down.  It  took  eight  weeks  to  freeze  a  wall  of 
ice  20  inches  thick,  and  at  the  end  of  twelve  weeks 
the  ice  wall  was  deemed  thick  enough  to  begin  exca- 
vation. The  frozen  material  was  excavated  with 
chisels  and  hammers,  a  soft  unfrozen  core  consider- 
ably facilitating  the  work.  This  sinking  of  242  feet 
consumed  seventy-five  working  days,  or  at  the  rate 
of  68  inches  per  working  day.     In  widening  out  the 


ports  have  been  carefully  milled  to  a  template,  wilh 
intent  to  make  the  valve  openings  accurate.  It 
will  be  seen  that  the  inclined  surfaces  BB  on  the  pis- 
ton, coming  in  contact  with  the  ends  of  the  rocker, 
slide  the  rocker  in  its  seat,  and  cause  the  valve  to 
open  and  close.  In  this  drill  the  ports  are  r7„  of  an 
inch  wide  by  li  inch  long-.  The  movement  of 
the  rocker  is  simple  and  is  always  in  the  direc- 
tion of  the  motion  of  the  piston.  The  air  is  ad- 
mitted into  the  valve  chest  at  the  opening  G,  and 
when  the  valve  is  open  it  passes  through  the  ports, 
which  are  about  J  inch  deep,  into  the  drill  at  either 
end.  The  exhaust  is  at  the  ports  F  and  F  on  each 
end  of  the  drill.  The  valve  rods  D  are  made  of  tool 
steel,  are  light,  strong  and  durable.  The  valve 
motion  is  accomplished  with  but  little  power.  The 
Corliss  valve  short-port  system,  it  is  claimed,  per- 
mits the  full  pressure  to  reach  the  piston.  A  special 
feature  claimed  about  this  valve  motion  is  that  it 
will  cause  the  drill  to  run  at  full  speed  on  any  stroke 
from  2  inches  to  the  full  stroke  of  5  inches. 

It  is  manufactured  by  the  Rix  Compressed 
Air  &  Drill  Co.,  No.  396  Mission  street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  where  one  of  these  drills  is  kept  on  the 
testing  block  and  can  be  seen  in  operation.  The 
weight  of  the  machine  is  120  pounds,  length  of  stroke 
5  inches,  and  diameter  of  cylinder  2}  inches. 


70 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,1903. 


G 


Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 


tents.  I 


PATENTS  ISSUED  JULY  21,  1903. 

Speolally  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 

Excavator —No.   733,422;    P.   J.    Raymond,  D3- 
troit,  Mich. 


— -*  \ 


In  excavator  of  kind  employing  sprocket  wheels 
and  chains,  bucket  secured  to  chain  at  advance  por- 
tion and  provided  with  rearwardly  extending  brace 
adapted  to  contact  chain,  when  bucket  is  upon 
straight  portion  of  chain. 

Gate  tor  Coal  or  Other  Pockets. — No.  733,623; 
J.  Campbell,  Newton,  Mass. 


Escape  passage  having  outlet  provided  with 
curved  side  edges,  gate  for  opening  and  closing  same 
movable  in  curved  path  along  curved  edges  or 
borders  and  having  curved  closing  plate  or  bottom 
and  joint  sealing  abutment  at  rear  end  of  closing 
plate  or  bottom  to  close  against  side  of  wall  of  pas- 
sage adjacent  to  rear  lower  edge. 


Furnace  for  Melting  Metals. 
Anderson,  South  Haven,  Mich. 


-N).  733,931;  J.  J. 


Metal  melting  furnace  comprising  closed  chamber 
imperforate  at  top  and  bottom  and  provided  with 
laterally  proj  ecting  trunnions  closed  at  inner  furnace 
connected  ends,  supporting  frame  provided  with 
journals  which  receive  trunnions  and  support  closed 
chamber,  burners  G  projecting  laterally  into  furnace 
above  body  of  metal  therein,  but  below  top  of  cham- 


ber, air  and  oil  pipes  leading  to  burners  and  connec- 
tions for  supplying  pipes. 

Stamp  Mill— No.  733.933  ;  R  J.  Baker,  El  Paso, 
Texas. 


In  stamp  mill  frame  including  annular  upright, 
plurality  levers  pivoted  radially  to  upright,  cam- 
shaped  proj  actions  upon  upper  sides  of  levers,  verti- 
cally movable  stamping  stems  having  tappets  en- 
gaging and  adapted  to  be  gradually  rotated  by  cam 
shaped  proj  actions  of  levers,  rollers  upon  outer  ends 
of  levers,  suitably  supported  annular  gear  wheel 
having  cams  adapted  to  engage  rollers. 

Crusher.— No.  734,332;  T.  E.  Hurley,  Butte,  Mont. 


In  crusher,  frame,  fixed  jiw,  swinging  jaw,  ec- 
centric shaft  having  bearings  in  frame,  pitman  oper- 
ated by  eccentric  shaft  and  connected  with  swinging 
jaw,  bushings  arranged  in  pitman  head  and  surround- 
ing eccentric  shaft,  removable  plates  on  sides  of  head 
engaging  outer  ends  of  bushings,  inner  ends  of  bush- 
ings being  spaced  apart,  rollers  arranged  between 
bushings  and  eccentric  shaft  and  spaced  apart  at 
inner  ends,  outer  ends  of  rollers  engaging  removable 
plates,  collar  rigidly  secured  to  shaft  at  space  be- 
tween bushings  and  arranged  between  inner  ends  of 
rollers  to  prevent  end  movement  of  rollers,  collar 
having  peripheral  notches,  oil  cup  on  upper  side  of 
head,  central  duct  leading  from  oil  cup  to  space  be- 
tween inner  ends  of  bushings  and  ducts  at  opposite 
sides  of  central  duct  and  extending  through  bushings 
to  rollers.  

Ore  Roasting  Furnace.— No.  734,104;  E.  Swain 
and  C.  Wood,  Iola,  Kans. 


Combination  in  ore  roasting  furnace  of  side  walls 
comprising  lower  sections  provided  at  top  with  cap 
plates  extending  longitudinally  thereof  and  covering 
outer  portion  of  top  of  each  lower  wall  section,  cap 
plates  being  thickened  at  inner  edges  to  form  tracks 
and  grooves  being  provided  in  lower  wall  sections  ad- 
jacent to  inner  edges  of  plates  and  upper  wall  sec- 
tions spaced  from  lower  wall  sections  to  form  con- 
tinuous longitudinal  air  inlet  openings. 


Gold  Separator— No.  733,973;  D.    C.  Knowlton, 
New  York,  N.  Y. 


In  gold  separator,  combination  with  supporting 
frame,  parallel  horizontal  shafts  supported  in  bear- 
ings of  frame,  two  vertically  aligned  shafts  sup- 
ported in  bearings  of  frame  and  geared  to  horizontal 
shafts  to  be  revolved  in  opposite  directions,  tank  cen- 
trally mounted  upon  lower  vertical  shaft,  and  plu- 
rality of  blades  each  having  compound  curvature  and 
adjustably  secured  to  upper  vertical  shaft  to  project 
directly  therefrom  toward  tank  walls  at  variable 
angles. 

Ore  Washer.— No.  733,944;  C.  Carlson,  Joplin, 
Mo. 


In  ore  separator  combination  with  suitable  frame, 
of  table  mounted  therein  with  longitudinal  edges 
abutting  against  sides  of  frame,  table  being  uniformly 
inclined  both  longitudinally  and  transversely,  and 
adapted  to  travel  continuously  in  direction  of  longi- 
tudinal inclination  to  discharge  separated  material, 
means  for  delivering  material  transversely  to  table 
at  higher  side,  and  means  for  discharging  impurities 
transversely  from  table  at  lower  side,  whereby  ma- 
terial in  passage  transversely  across  table  will  be 
separated  into  strata  of  varying  degrees  of  purity 
and  is  delivered  in  separated  condition  at  lower  longi- 
tudinal end  of  table. 


Rock  Drill  - 
delphia,  Pa. 


-No.  734,364  ;   P.  Rsinhalter,  Phila- 


In  rock  drill,  cylinder,  crosshead  therein  hav- 
ing oppositely  located  extensions,  drill  rod  passing 
loosely  through  crosshead,  means  carried  by  cross- 
head  and  projecting  through  slots  in  casing  for  recip- 
rocating crosshead,  abutments  upon  opposite  por- 
tions of  drill  rod,  ball-bearing  devices  carried  upon 
opposite  portions  of  crosshead  and  received  within 
extensions,  springs  interposed  between  abutments 
and  ball-bearing  devices,  and  means  for  reciprocat- 
ing crosshead. 


August  I,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


71 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

Work  Is  under  way  on  the  900-foot 
Hume  and  wing  dam  for  the  Jualpa  M. 
Co.,  near  Juneau.  The  object  In  building 
the  flume  Is  to  turn  the  course  of  the 
creek.  A  10-ton  derrick  will  also  be  built, 
with  mast  90  feet  In  height  and  telescop- 
ing boom  with  reach  of  90  feet. 

Lake  Arkell,  the  new  district  recently 
discovered  In  Alaska,  Is  said  to  be  rich, 
and  hundreds  of  people  are  going  there. 
The  new  strike  Is  on  the  tributaries  of 
AlBek  river,  20  miles  from  Champagne 
landing  and  30  miles  above  and  north  of 
Mush  creek.  The  distance  from  White 
Horse  Is  120  miles.  The  creeks  are  20 
miles  from  the  Yukon  river. 

In  the  Chlstuchina  district  the  season  is 
late,  with  much  snow  yet  on  the  ground. 
Numerous  snowslldes  have  occurred  and 
claim  operators  are  clearing  the  ground 
by  sluicing  the  snow  through  the  boxes. 
It  was  snowing  heavily  June  3rd. 

No  definite  Information  can  yet  be  given 
concerning  the  probable  richness  of  the 
Ni/.lna  district.  There  was  yet  much  frost 
In  the  ground  at  last  advices,  even  in  that 
which  has  been  uncovered,  and,  notwith- 
standing the  early  indications  to  the  con- 
trary, the  season  Is  a  late  one.  Practi- 
cally nothing  in  the  way  of  sluicing  has 
been  done.  Most  of  the  gold  so  far  taken 
out  has  been  taken  from  crevices  and  bed- 
rock where  easily  exposed.  No  one  has 
done  sufficient  sluicing  to  estimate  what  it 
will  run  to  the  shovel  per  day. 

Dr.  J.  T.  Frizell  of  Portland,  Or.,  sayB 
that  on  Unimak  island,  one  of  the  Aleu- 
tian chain  from  which  he  recently  arrived, 
there  are  thousands  of  tons  of  carbonate 
of  iron. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

The  old  Gunslght  property,  near  the 
Modern  mine,  1b  bonded  to  California  men. 
The  ore  runs  high  in  copper,  silver  and 
lead-shipping  ore.  There  is  a  shaft  300 
feet  deep  on  the  property. 

Assistant  Superintendent  French  of  the 
Copper  Queen  at  Bisbee  says  that  a  small 
hoist  will  be  put  in  at  the  Gardner  shaft. 

During  the  middle  of  June  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Hlgglns  Dev.  Co.,  near  Bisbee, 
has  located  a  shaft,  built  2500  feet  of 
mountain  road,  Installed  a  10xl4-inch 
hoist,  an  air  compressor  and  drills,  and 
sunk  a  shaft  140  feet  and  side  drifts  com- 
menced. 

GILA  COUNTY. 

The  Stevens  Co.  is  working  on  its  prop- 
erty at  Garfield.  The  pump  has  not  been 
working  well,  and  sinking  the  winze  has 
been  discontinued. 

The  Sierra  de  Oro  Co.  at  Clifton,  under 
the  management  of  Crawford  &  Potter, 
have  begun  development.  The  company 
will  Install  a  power  plant,  an  air  com- 
pressor and  drills. 

The  Cllfton-Morenci  district  has  re- 
covered from  the  recent  Btrike,  and  1b 
producing  the  usual  tonnage.  The  A.  C. 
Co.  will  put  in  air  drills  at  their  Long- 
fellow mines  and  the  Shannon  Co.  are  in- 
stalling an  electrical  drilling  plant  for 
driving  the  Carter  tunnel  to  a  connection 
with  workings  from  the  other  side  of  the 
mountain. 

The  Dominion  Co.  is  working  nearly 
full  capacity. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — Phoenix  will 
shortly  have  a  mining  exchange. 

It  Ib  reported  that  Lob  Angeles,  Cal., 
parties  have  an  option  on  the  tailings  at 
the  old  Vulture  mill-site  near  Wicken- 
burg.  It  is  claimed  that  these  tailings 
were  cyanided  in  a  very  primitive  manner 
and  that  they  will  yield  good  values  by 
Improved  cyanide  processes. 

Donofrio  &  Eddy  expect  to  let  a  con- 
tract for  sinking  a  shaft  100  feet  on  one  of 
their  claims,  8  miles  west  of  Frog  Tanks. 
The  ores  carry  gold,  Bilver,  lead  and 
copper. 

G.  Hamlin  of  the  Relief  mine,  15  miles 
north  of  Peoria,  Bays  development  work 
Is  progressing  favorably. 

The  Illinois  Copper  Co.,  near  Wicken- 
burg,  expect  to  resume  work  as  soon  as  it 
becomes  cooler. 

The  Pike's  Peak  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.  are 
working  their  property,  12  miles  west  of 
Frog  Tanks. 

Phoenix,  July  27. 

The  Haxworth  C.  Co.  'b  group  of  twenty- 
five  claims  at  Agua  Caliente  is  reported 
sold  to  Chicago  and  Milwaukee  men  for 
$100,000. 

MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Demp- 
sey  &  O'Dea  gold  mines  at  Pilgrim  Camp, 
9  miles  west  of  Chloride,   are   bonded  to  a 


company    of    Eastern   and    Los  AngeleB, 
Cal.,  men  for  1200,000. 

The  drift  on  the  500  level  of  the  Tennes- 
see mine  is  In  700  feet.  Between  the  300 
and  500  much  good  milling  ore  was  taken 
out.  Ore  in  small  quantities  Is  yet  being 
found   and   development  is   going  ahead. 

Waddey  &  Richardson,  who  contracted 
to  sink  the  shaft  on  the  Sunrise  mine 
from  140  feet  to  240  feet,  have  nearly  fin- 
ished the  work  and  a  good-sued  vein  of 
ore  is  coming  in. 

The  Samoa  and  Fourth  of  March  mines 
are  producing  four  carloads  of  ore 
monthly.  More  men  are  to  be  put  on  the 
former. 

It  Is  reported  that  the  Elkhart  shaft, 
down  500  feet,  Is  to  be  sunk  deeper. 

The  Polar  Star  mine  of  Dupont  & 
Hawks  is  down  on  the  vein  65  feet,  show- 
ing 90-ounce  Bilver  ore,  with  1  to  1J  ounce 
gold.  The  work  of  development  ia  sus- 
pended until  a  hoist  can  be  put  In. 

J.  Kay  has  struck  native  copper  in  his 
claims  at  Mineral  Park. 

The  Queen  Bee  mine  is  working  again, 
after  a  suspension  caused  by  the  Territo- 
rial eight-hour  law.  Twelve  men  are  em- 
ployed in  sinking  below  350  feet  and  driv- 
ing the  drift  at  the  300. 

The  Aztec  Turquoise  Co.  have  men 
prospeotlng  for  turquoise  on  their  claims 
and  later  will  have  considerable  work 
done. 

A  milling  plant  1b  to  be  built  on  the  gold 
claims  recently  bought  by  E.  R.  Holden 
&  Co.  of  New  York,  4  miles  west  of  King- 
man. Water  for  the  mill  has  been  se- 
cured. 

The  Mohave  G.  M.  Co.  is  working  more 
men  on  their  property  at  Leland  and  the 
tunnel  on  the  north  side  of  the  hill  is 
being  run  at  the  rate  of  40  feet  a  week. 
The  Colorado  Iron  Works  have  com- 
pleted a  40-atamp  mill  9  miles  below  the 
mines  on  the  Colorado  river. 

The  Gold  RoadB  mine  at  Acme  is  out- 
putting  ore  for  its  new  300-ton  milling  and 
cyaniding  plant.  Ore  is  broken  by  con- 
tract for  $2  25  per  ton. 

At  Stockton  Hill  good  progress  is  being 
made  in  the  sinking  of  the  shaft  on  the 
De  la  Fountaine  mine,  which  is  to  go  down 
160  feet  below  water  level  before  drifting. 

Chloride,  July  27. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Hillside 
mine,  50  mileB  west  of  PreBcott,  1b  being 
developed  to  greater  depth  under  the  di- 
rection of  J.  Lawler  of  Prescott,  who, 
with  E.  G.  Wells,  owns  the  property. 
Some  new  ore  of  good  grade  has  been  re- 
cently found  on  the  north  end  of  the  prop- 
erty on  the  Seven  Stars  claim.  It  is  the 
Intention  to  sink  winzes  at  distances  of 
about  200  feet  along  the  entire  length  of 
the  vein  developed  (2500  feet).  These 
winzes  will  be  Bunk  from  150  to  200  feet  in 
depth  by  means  of  a  small  gas  engine.  A 
crOBScut  tunnel  will  also  be  driven  in  at 
the  south  end  of  the  property,  at  a  level 
lower  than  the  lowest  tunnel  heretofore 
run.  The  mine  is  equipped  with  mill  and 
cyanide  plant. 

Prescott,  July  27. 

The  40-stamp  mill  at  Octave,  in  Weaver 
district,  is  handling  4000  tons  of  ore  per 
month,  says  Superintendent  A.  E.  Hur- 
ley. The  ore  is  free  milling  quartz,  run- 
ning $9  per  ton.  The  mine  Ib  developed 
to  a  depth  of  1200  feet  and  is  equipped 
with  two  hoists,  a  30-drill  compressor  and 
cyanide  plant.  The  property  is  owned  by 
Pennsylvania  men. 

G.  W.  Hull  expects  to  Install  an  electric 
power  plant  and  electric  drills  at  the  Cleo- 
patra mine,  near  Jerome. 

Work  will  be  resumed  on  the  Monte 
Cristo  mine  on  Groom  creek  in  Hassay- 
ampa  district,  5  miles  south  of  Prescott. 
Manager  Blauvelt  will  begin  unwaterlng 
and  developing  it. 

E.  L.  Sharpneck  will  put  in  a  Bteam 
stamp  on  the  Blake  group,  in  the  Bame 
district. 

It  Is  reported  that  Douglas,  Lacey  &  Co. 
will  resume  work  on  the  Home  Run  mine, 
Hassayampa  district. 

The  Octave  mine,  In  Weaver  district,  Ib 
producing  4000  tons  of  ore  per  month, 
which  is  treated  at  the  40-stamp  mill.  The 
ore  runB  from  $9  to  $13  gold.  It  is  devel- 
oped to  a  depth  of  1200  feet  with  twelve 
levels.  There  are  two  hoists,  a  30- drill 
compressor  and  a  cyanide  plant.  A.  E. 
Hurley  and  J.  R.  Leonard  are  managers. 
The  new  6-stamp  mill  and  cyanide  plant 
of  the  Iron  King  mine,  near  Val  Verde,  is 
in  operation.  It  has  a  capacity  of  fifty 
tons  daily.  The  mines  have  over  3000  feet 
of  development  work,  which  has  all  been 
done  within  a  year.  Prospecting  Ib  to  be 
continued  with  diamond  drill.  B.  Blan- 
chard  Is  superintendent. 

Upon  the  application  of  fifteen  different 
mining  companies  operating  In  this  county 
and  one  private  individual,  Judge  R.  E. 
Sloan  has  granted  a  temporary  Injunction 
against  the  Yavapai  District  Union  of  the 
Western  Federation  of  MinerB,  the  Mc- 
Cabe,  Walker  and  Groom  Creek  mining 
unions,  H.  Burns  and  E.  P.  Starr,  walk- 
ing delegates,   restraining  them  from  in 


any  manner  interfering  with  the  peaceful 
operations  of  the  respective  companies 
named.  The  defendants  are  cited  to  show 
cause  why  the  Injunction  should  not  be 
made  permanent.  The  injunction  Is  the 
result  of  the  alleged  interference  of  the 
union  men  with  the  working  of  some  of 
the  properties. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

The  Amador  Queen  mine,  near  Jackson, 
1b  being  worked  by  leasers,  who  are  hunt- 
ing for  pockets.  It  has  produced  high- 
grade  arsenical  ore. 

Crosscuttlng  Ib  in  progress  at  the 
Oneida,  near  Jackson,  from  a  drift  at  the 
2200-foot  level  to  cut  the  ledge  100  feet  to 
the  east 

The  Shenandoah  mine,  near  Plymouth, 
on  1000-foot  level,  run  200  feet  on  a  ledge 
130  feet  from  shaft.  This  ledge  is  25  feet 
wide.  The  American  E.  P.  Co  is  erect- 
ing lines  through  the  Plymouth  district. 
When  this  is  accomplished,  the  Shenan- 
doah will  consider  the  building  of  a  mill. 

At  the  Kennedy  mine,  near  Jackson,  the 
new  hoisting  machinery  is  in  poBitlon. 
The  gallows-frame  Ib  being  put  up.  The 
frame  will  be  over  100  feet  in  height,  and 
it  will  be  103  feet  from  the  collar  of  the 
shaft  to  the  center  of  the  sheaves.  The 
mill  is  running  steadily,  forty  stampa  drop- 
ping In  the  new  mill. 

J.  C.  Williams  of  Nevada  county,  vlce- 
preBident  of  the  WeBtern  Federation  of 
Miners,  has  been  In  this  county  several 
days  on  business  concerning  that  organi- 
zation. It  is  said  the  object  of  his  vialt  is 
to  bring  the  engineers  and  others  identi- 
fied with  the  local  union  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor  to  affiliate  with  the 
Western  Federation.  It  is  necessary,  the 
latter  claims,  to  hold  its  position,  that  all 
those  working  in  mines  in  this  section 
should  become  members,  even  though 
they  keep  up  other  unions  as  well.  The 
present  center  of  agitation  is  Amador 
City.  Superintendents  of  the  Bunker 
Hill  and  Fremont  mines  have  been  con- 
Bulted  and  they  fear  that  trouble  Ib  liable 
to  reoccur.  Notices  have  been  posted  for 
BOme  time  requesting  those  employed 
about  Amador  City  mines  to  become  mem- 
bers of  the  WeBtern  Federation.  The 
time  limit  has  been  extended  to  August 
10.  Notices  are  posted  around  Jackson 
calling  a  special  meeting  for  organizing 
engineers,  millmen  and  mechanics  as  a 
union  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  West- 
ern Federation.  A  meeting  will  be  held 
August  1st. 

BUTTE  COUNTY. 

The  Spring  Valley  hydraulic  mine  near 
Cherokee  is  reported  sold  to  T.  L.  Vinton 
of  Cherokee. 

It  is  expected  that  the  pumps  at  the 
Lecompton  mine,  near  Nevada  City,  will 
take  ten  days  to  unwater  the  mine. 

The  North  Bloomfield  ditch  is  to  be  re- 
paired this  fall  by  building  new  flumes  and 
replacing  old  ones  and  running  a  500-foot 
tunnel  through  a  point  where  a  alide  oc- 
curred. W.  G.  Shand  Ib  superintendent 
for  Bourne  &  Co. 

Timbers  are  being  cut  and  roads  opened 
preparatory  to  Btartlng  work  at  the  Jim 
mine,  in  God'B  Country,  Eureka  town- 
ship. 

The  Goldbank  quartz  mill  in  Forbes- 
town  Is  to  reaume  work  after  an  idleness 
of  several  months. 

A  4-Btamp  mill  and  1250-foot  pipe  lino  is 
being  built  at  the  Southern  CroBS  mine  on 
the  North  Fork  of  the  Feather  river,  near 
Forbestown.    T.  Goyne  is  superintendent. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — A  run  of  five 
and  three-quarter  days  in  a  5-stamp  mill 
at  the  mine  of  the  Maltman  G.  M.  Co.  at 
Angels  laBt  week  returned  $743.97  gold, 
an  average  of  about  $9  per  ton.  F.  Malt- 
man  is  president  and  superintendent. 
The  company  is  about  to  add  ten  stamps 
to  the  mill. 

The  Angels  Quartz  M.  Co.  of  AngelB 
will  add  twenty  stamps  to  the  mill  and  in- 
crease the  concentrating  plant  by  addi- 
tion of  new  machinery.  J.  V.  Coleman  is 
owner. 

At  the  Kenross  mine,  at  Whiskey  Slide, 
8  miles  from  Mokelumne  Hill,  Superin- 
tendent J.  T.  Thompson  says  he  has 
thirty  men  at  work,  and  he  expects  the 
stamp  mill  to  be  ready  for  operation  next 
month. 

The  10-stamp  quartz  mill  at  the  Easyz 
Bird  quartz  mine  of  the  Emma  M.  Co., 
near  Mokelumne  Hill,  started  crushing 
last  week.  The  works  are  lighted  by 
electricity  generated  on  the  grounds. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 
On  the  1600-foot  level  north  of  the 
Champion  mine,  near  Nevada  City,  a  ledge 
of  sulphureted  ore  has  been  found  in  new 
ground.  On  the  700-foot  level  north  an- 
other ore  shoot  has  been  opened,  for 
which  work  has  been  in  progress  for 
many  months,  and  which  was  known  In 
upper  levels  as  the  Soggs  ahoot.  The 
shaft  of  the  Champion  Co.  on  the  Merrl- 


field  bow  has  a  depth  of  1740  feet.  From 
the  1300-foot  level  to  the  bottom  it  la  18 
feet  wide,  6  feet  high,  and  haa  three  com- 
partments, one  of  which  Is  used  for  the 
pump  column.  Above  the  thirteenth 
level  it  has  two  compartments. 

The  engine  and  10  atamp  mill  of  the 
Last  Chance  quartz  mine  on  Diamond 
creek  is  being  overhauled.  A  new  boiler 
Ib  also  being  put  In;  Bray  Bros.,  bonders. 

A  50  ton  cyanide  plant  Is  to  be  Installed 
at  the  Pine  Hill  mine,  Nevada  City. 

The  Brunswick  mine  is  being  wired  for 
electric  power,  which  will  be  Installed  to 
run  the  pumps.  The  wires  are  taken 
through  the  700-foot  air  ehaft,  at  the  bot- 
tom of  which  the  motor  will  be  estab- 
lished. This  will  generate  power  for 
operating  the  pumps,  which  will  arrive 
shortly,  when  active  operations  will  be 
resumed. 

A  5-stamp  mill  will  be  built  on  the 
Huron  quartz  mine,  near  Omega.  W.  H. 
Bray  has  charge  of  the  work  of  develop- 
ment. 

At  the  American  Hill  mine  of  the 
Sierra  Nevada  M.  &  D.  Co.,  R.  Simmons 
manager,  a  hoisting  works  is  being 
erected  and  a  shaft  sunk. 

The  Last  Chance  mine  In  Washington 
township,  bonded  some  time  ago  by  Bray 
Bros,  of  Wheatland,  will  begin  work  soon. 
The  machinery  and  10-atamp  mill  on  the 
property  are  being  overhauled. 

A  20-atamp  mill  ia  being  built  at  the 
California  mine  on  GaBton  Ridge,  near 
Washington,  L.  R.  Poundstone  superin- 
tendent. The  mill  was  bought  from  the 
Gold  Bank  M.  Co.  at  Forbestown. 

A  Btrike  is  reported  in  the  property 
owned  by  W.  Norton  of  Nevada  City. 
The  mine  is  in  Willow  valley,  near  Nevada 
City.  The  leasers,  W.  Young  and  R.  W. 
Martin,  began  work  a  few  days  ago,  and 
after  putting  in  their  first  shot  uncovered 
a  ledge  rich  in  gold  and  heavy  with  sul- 
phureta.  Young  &  Martin  have  a  two 
yearB'  lease  on  the  property. 

SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 

The  Union  Oil  Co.  Btruck  a  gushor  on 
July  27. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 

The  converters  at  the  KeBwick  smelter, 
closed  down  Bince  July  2,  have  been  started 
up  again.  Two  furnaces  are  now  in  oper- 
ation and  the  third  will  be  running  inside 
of  ten  days. 

The  Crown  Deep  mine  in  Lower  Springs 
district  is  to  be  reopened.  The  mine  is 
owned  by  W.  P.  Miller  of  Golden  Gate, 
Alameda  county.  New  York  men  have  a 
bond  on  the  Crown  Deep.  J.  Hume  of 
Redding  is  superintendent.  The  ore  will 
be  shipped  to  the  smelter  of  the  Mountain 
C.  Co.  at  KeBwick. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

The  Ruby  mine,  at  Forest  City,  is  re- 
ported looking  well.  For  fifteen  years  this 
property  was  worked  as  a  gravel  mine, 
but  later  a  quartz  ledge  was  found  which 
has  since  been  developed  with  encourag- 
ing results.  The  ore  carries  free  gold  and 
is  paying.  N.  Sanford  is  foreman  of  the 
Ruby  mine. 

At  the  Oriental  mine  in  Sierra  county, 
on  the  north  side  of  the  Yuba  river,  the 
tunnel  is  In  2700  feet.  It  is  intended  to 
drive  to  3300  feet. 

SISKIYOU    COUNTY. 

A.  C.  Brokaw  of  Quartz  Valley  is  work- 
ing the  Golden  Eagle  mine  and  mill  on 
Indian  creek. 

A  ditch  is  to  be  built  from  Scott  river 
to  Hamburg  Bar,  Klamath  river,  for 
working  the  hydraulic  claims  at  latter 
place.  It  will  be  14  miles  long  and  carry 
6  inches  of  water.  The  ditch  will  take 
water  from  Scott  river  above  Scott  Bar. 
The  construction  of  the  ditch  will  employ 
150  men. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

Five  stamps  in  the  Brown  Bear  mill 
are  dropping  on  ore  from  the  Lambeth  & 
Grayson  dump,  and  five  stamps  are 
crushing  ore  from  the  Lappin  mine,  under 
bond  to  J.  J.  Chambers  of  Redding. 

Fifty  men  are  employed  at  the  Dorleska 
mine,  Dorleska.  H.  Z.  Osborne  is  man- 
ager. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

W.  C.  Cullers  and  A.  W.  Rozier,  owners 
of  the  Hard  Times  mine,  near  Arrastra- 
vllle,  have  granted  the  owners  of  the  Lit- 
tle Beauty  mine  the  right  to  tunnel 
through    their  ground  and    also  to   use 

same  as  dumping  ground. B  M.  Hohen- 

shall  of  Stockton  has  bought  the  Yellow 
Rock  quartz  mine,  near  the  Newcomer 
mill,  on  Knight  creek,  near  Columbia; 
also,  an  undivided  one-half  interest  in  and 
to  the  Fraction  quartz  mine,  on  Knight 
creek,  between  the  Occidental  and  Sunset 
claims. 

W.  C.  Stanley  has  bonded  the  Hand- 
over and  Hard  Times  mines  at  Arraatra- 
ville,  near  Soulsbyville. 

The  mill  at  the  Soulsby  mine,  at  Souls- 
byville, iB  running  and   forty  men  are  at 

work,   Eays  Manager  W.  Sharwood. 

A.  Harris  is  putting  up  a  mill  on  the  Vine 
Spring  mine,  near  Columbia. The  Don- 


72 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,  1903. 


dero  gravel  mine  at  Yankee  Hill,  near 
Columbia,  has  been  shut  down  for*  the 
season. 

The  Harvard  M.  Co.,  near  Jamestown, 
in  sinking  the  No.  1  vertical  shaft  from 
the  700  level,  struck  a  15-foot  gouge.  The 
shaft  was  timbered  with  double  sets,  one 
set  of  timbers  being  placed  3  feet  outside 
of  the  regular  shaft  set,  to  allow  space  for 
easing  the  timbers.  The  gouge  lies  on  the 
serpentine  foot  wall,  which  is  so  soft  that 
it  requires  to  be  timbered  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  gouge.  It  was  estimated 
that  the  shaft  would  continue  in  this 
formation  for  600  feet,  and  that  each  100 
feet  would  require  six  men  easing  timber. 
Sinking  has  been  discontinued  and  cross- 
cutting  for  the  vein  commenced  at  the  800 
level.  It  is  reported  that  the  shaft  will 
be  carried  down  on  an  incline  on  the  vein 
from  the  point  where  the  ore  crosses  the 
shaft,  says  the  Mother  Lode  Magnet. 

YUBA  COUNTY. 
The  Beeney  farm  of  600  acres,  7  miles 
east  of  Marysville  and  south  of  the  Yuba 
river,  is  reported  sold  at  $75  per  acre  to 
R.  E.  Cranston  for  Michigan  men.  A 
drill  is  in  use  prospecting  the  land.  The 
Cranston  syndicate  owns  1700  acres. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence). — Colorado  is 
no  nearer  a  settlement  of  her  labor  trou- 
bles than  when  they  first  started.  In  fact, 
they  appear  to  be  growing  more  serious. 
The  men  at  the  Eilers  plant,  Pueblo,  have 
notified  the  Trust  that  they  will  go  on 
strike  July  26,  which  would  close  three  of 
the  Trust's  plants— two  in  Denver  and  one 
in  Pueblo.  The  Trust  has  notified  its 
patrons  to  ship  no  more  ore,  as  they  are 
unable  to  handle  same.  The  closing  of 
these  plants  may  mean  the  building  of  in- 
dependent smelters— something  Colorado 
needs.  The  closing  of  the  smelters  will 
also  mean  the  closing  of  some  of  the  mines 
throughout  the  State,  as  the  mines  are 
dependent  upon  the  smelters  to  market 
their  ore. 

Colorado  is  favored  with  a  special  ses- 
sion of  the  Legislature.  The  Governor 
has  asked  for  an  appropriation  bill  to  be 
passed.  One  was  "  passed  "  at  the  regular 
session  but  declared  illegal.  It  is  thought 
the  Governor  will  call  a  second  extra  ses- 
sion to  pass  an  eight-hour  bill.  Should 
such  a  law  go  into  effect  it  would  un- 
doubtedly compel  many  of  the  unprofit- 
able mines  to  close  down.  In  many  of  the 
camps  the  miners  are  only  working  eight 
hours  and  mill  men  twelve  hours. 

Denver,  July  25. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

Work  at  the  Ben  C.  Lowell  group  of 
mines  at  Magnolia,  operated  by  C.  H. 
Cheney  and  W.  H.  Hirshfield  is  going 
ahead.  The  ore  shows  free  and  rusty 
gold,  as  well  as  tellurides,  and  in  the 
breast  of  the  main  drift  a  vein  of  ruby  sil- 
ver is  reported  struck.  Development 
work  is  being  done  in  the  325-foot  level, 
stoping  and  drifting.  They  propose  to 
build  a  mill  this  fall,  as  the  ore  can  he 
trea'ed  by  cyanide.  Machine  drills  driven 
by  steam  are  used  in  drifting. 

At  Sugar  Loaf  the  Livingston  is  in 
operation.  The  mill  has  been  overhauled 
and  shipping  will  be  resumed,  says  Super- 
intendent W.  Niles. The  Great  West- 
ern  M.   &   M.   Co.   are  getting  ready  to 

build  their  mill.    Shipments  continue. 

The  Recluse  mine  is  shut  down. 

The  Eagle  Rock  Co.,  near  the  Cochrane 
mill,  W.  Capp  of  Denver  manager,  is  driv- 
ing a  crosscut  tunnel  in  Sugar  mountain, 
in  800  feet. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

Additional  rolls  and  other  machinery 
are  being  put  in  at  the  dry  process  mill  at 
'94  tunnel  at  Alice,  12  miles  from  Idaho 
Springs,  says  G.  W.  Possell,  manager  of 
the  company.  The  remodeled  plant  will 
have  a  capacity  of  fifty  tons  per  day  and  is 
expected  to  be  in  operation  in  September. 

The  Josephine  group  on  Spanish  Bar, 
near  Idaho  Springs,  has  been  sold  to  the 
Josephine  Con.  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  The 
group  consists  of  three  claims  and  the 
company  intend  to  develop  them  by  sink- 
ing the  Josephine  Bhaft,  which  is  down 
290  feet,  to  additional  depth  of  400  feet. 

It  is  reported  J.  E.  Bowden  of  Idaho 
Springs  has  sold  the  Josephine  mine  to 
the  Josephine  Con.  M.  &  M.  Co.  for  $155,- 
000.  The  company  intends  to  erect  a 
hoisting  plant  and  mill. 

An  explosion  at  the  Sun  &  Moon  mine, 
near  Idaho  Springs,  wrecked  the  trans- 
former house  July  28th,  set  fire  to  the  oil 
in  the  transformers  and  threatened  the 
destruction  of  the  main  shaft  house.  It 
is  supposed  to  have  been  the  work  of 
strikers,  as  this  was  one  of  the  first  mines 
affected  by  the  recent  strike.  There  were 
no  explosives  kept  anywhere  near  the 
transformer  house. 

The  ElkinB  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Terrible  properties  at  Silver  Plume,  has 
engaged  J.  T.  Nicholson  and  W.  Morrison 
of  Idaho  Springs  to  superintend  the  in- 
stallment of  machinery  in  their  mill, 
which  will  have  a  capacity  of  300  tons,  to 


be  increased  to  500  tons  later.  B.  C. 
Catren  is  manager. 

A.  Anderson,  G.  Carlson  and  M.  W. 
Tanner  of  Idaho  Springs  have  a  lease  and 
bond  on  the  Beacon  of  the  West  property, 
near  the  Waltham,  in  Russell  district. 
The  shaft  Is  down  250  feet.  The  lessees 
will  clean  out  the  shaft  to  the  bottom,  re- 
timber  where  necessary,  and  expect  to 
put  in  a  hoisting  plant  and  erect  shaft 
house  and  continue  sinking. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Gold  Temple  Co., 
operating  a  lease  through  the  main  shaft 
of  the  Gold  Sovereign  Co.,  have  put  in 
machinery,  including  an  air  compressor. 
A  new  10x10  gallows-frame,  40  feet  high, 
has  been  put  over  the  shaft  and  further 
improvements  planned.  The  leasing  com- 
pany have  finished  cutting  the  eighth 
level  station  at  600  feet.  With  this  new 
level  extended  they  will  have  an  addi- 
tional 75  feet  of  stoping  ground,  which 
will  result  in  increasing  the  tonnage  150 
to  200  tons  monthly.  Their  low-grade  ore 
averages  $40  to  the  ton,  first-class  $150. 

DOLORES  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — At  the  Em- 
ma mill,  at  Dunton,  the  company  is  mak- 
ing tests  and  expect  to  put  in  a  cyanide 
plant.  The  mill  has  a  capacity  of  forty 
tons  per  day  and  will  be  enlarged.  R.  Kel- 
ler has  charge  of  the  property. 

The  Dunton  Con.  Mines  Co.  has  been 
organized  to  operate  the  America  group, 
near  Dunton. 

Dunton,  July  27. 

FREMONT   COUNTY. 
The  Canon  City   smelter  has  resumed 
treating  about  1500  to  2000  tons  of  ore 
monthly  from  Leadville. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

Work  is  going  ahead  on  the  concentrat- 
ing plant  for  the  Nevada  Con.  G.  M.  &  M. 
Co.  on  King  flats,  west  of  Nevada,  near 
Central  City,  and  it  is  expected  to  be  in 

operation  next  week. The  Augusta  G. 

M.  Co.  resumed  operations  last  week  on 
its  tunnel  running  south  from  Chase  gulch 
into  Winnebago  hill. 

The  Mont  D'Oro  G.  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  by  E.  C.  Sherman  and  T.  R. 
Cudahy  of  Central  City  to  operate  the 
New  Century  (the  Tippecanoe)  group  of 
claims,  in  Quartz  Valley  district  and  near 
the  Tucker.  They  are  sinking  a  Bhaft 
and  will  put  in  a  steam  hoisting  plant. 

HINSDALE  COUNTY. 
The  Tobasco  M.  Co.  has  leased  the  en- 
gines and  boilers  of  the  Black  Wonder 
mill  at  Sherman,  near  Lake  City,  and  is 
moving  the  electric  generator  to  the  mill, 
that  work  may  progress  at  mine  and  mill 
until  repairs  to  the  pipe  line  recently  dam- 
aged are  completed. 

LAKE    COUNTY. 

Harris  &  Miller  have  men  reopening  the 
Criterion  and  Cleaner  mines,  near  Lead- 
ville. ■  The  mill  is  being  remodeled  with 
intention  of  putting  in  a  cyanide  process. 

The   Red   Cross   Co.,    in   Buckskin 

gulch,  has  resumed  development  work, 
says  Superintendent  G.  W.  Shelton,  part 
owner. 

The  O.  K.  shaft  of  the  Progressive  M. 
Co.,  on  Fryer  hill,  Leadville,  has  been 
opened  and  shipments  of  twenty-five  tons 
a  day  are  going  to  the  smelter. 

The  necessary  repair  work  on  the  New 
Monarch  Bhaft  Is  completed  and  shortly 
the  sinking  of  the  shaft  to  1300  feet  will 
be  commenced. 

The  Fltzhugh  property  has  been  leased 
to  R.  B.  Estey  and  T.  D.  Kyle  of  Lead- 
ville. 

J.  &  G.  Campion  have  leased  the  Wells 
&  Moyer  placer,  on  Rock  hill,  California 
gulch,  and  will  sink  a  new  shaft  500  feet 
from  the  old  shaft   on  the  Sequin  claim. 

The  900-foot  drift  between  the  Coronado 
and  the  Midas  has  been  completed  and  the 
work  has  been  started. 

The  Cloud  City  mine  at  Leadville  Is 
shipping  iron  ore  daily  to  the  steel  works 
in  Pueblo.  The  shaft  is  down  504  feet 
and  a  drift  is  being  run  from  the  bottom. 
There  is  an  upraise  in  the  drift  and  a  good 
body  of  ore  has  been  found.  Manager 
Jones  says  the  company  will  sink  a  new 
shaft  and  make  other  needed  improve- 
ments. 

The  California  Gulch  M.  Co.  of  Lead- 
ville has  decided  to  release  the  property 
for  two  yearB  at  a  fixed  royalty. 

J.  F.  Campion,  manager  and  part  owner 
of  the  Ibex  or  Little  Johnny  mine  at 
Leadville,  and  G.  F.  Campion  have  a  lease 
on  the  Nisi  Prlus  M.  Co.'s  sixty  acres, 
comprising  the  Wells  and  Moyer  placers 
on  Rock  hill.  Campion  is  also  owner  of 
the  Sequin  lode,  which  is  included  in  the 
consolidation.  A  shaft  will  be  sunk  on 
the  Wells  and  Moyer  to  catch  the  exten- 
sion of  the  Rock  and  Dome  ore  shoot,  and 
will  be  located  600  feet  south  of  the  Sequin 
shaft.    Heavy  machinery  will  be  put  in. 

MINERAL  COUNTY. 
Plans  are  being  drawn   for  the  steam 
plant  to  be  added  to  the  Humphreys  mill, 
near  Creede,  to  furnish  additional  power 


during  the  winter  when  the  water  is 
frozen  in  the  creek,  says  Manager  G.  Davis. 
The  Humphreys  mill  at  Creede  is  hand- 
ling 6000  tons  of  crude  ore  per  month, 
making  a  saving  of  95%  and  producing  a 
high-grade  lead  concentrate,  also  a  60% 
zinc  product. 

OURAY    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Ameri- 
can G.  M.  Co.  is  handling  40  to  45  tons 
of  ore  per  day  in  its  20-Btamp  mill,  using 
only  fifteen  of  the  stamps. 

F.  M.  Jackson  is  overhauling  the 
Micky  Breen  mill,  which  has  been  idle 
for  years.  A  new  concentrator  Is  being 
put  In.  The  company  Is  known  as  the 
Tempest-Apex  M.  Co.  They  will  build  a 
tramway  from  the  Tempest  mine  to  the 
mill.  About  7000  feet  of  development 
work  has  been  done  on  the  Tempest.  The 
Apex  has  produced  considerable  high- 
grade  ore. 

Ouray,  July  27. 

PARK  COUNTY. 

The  Alma  placer,  consolidated  with  the 
Snow  Storm  placer,  Is  half  way  between 
Alma  and  Falrplay,  and  Is  owned  by  the 
Snow  Storm  Hydraulic  Co.  It  comprises 
5000  acres  of  placer  ground.  J.  Fortune 
is  general  manager.  This  placer  is  situ- 
ated in  the  basin  of  the  Platte  river  at 
Alma.  The  gravel  is  50  feet  in  depth. 
There  are  3$  miles  of  ditches,  supplied 
with  water  from  the  Platte,  and  over  4000 
feet  of  sluices.  It  is  worked  by  giants, 
900  feet  of  piping  and  derricks.  This 
placer  has  been  worked  over  thirty-five 
years.  Since  consolidation  with  the  Snow 
Storm  placer  milea  of  ditches  have  been 
added  and  widened.  All  buildings  and 
workings  are  lighted  with  electric  lights. 

The  Cincinnati  placer  at  Falrplay  will 
start  up  again.  Last  year  many  placer 
locations  were  made  in  Mosquito,  Buck 
and  Beaver  Creek  gulches  and  prepara- 
tory work  Is  going  on.  The  Lowe  placer, 
6  miles  south  of  Falrplay,  Is  working  with 
full  force.  W.  Bemrose  is  working  his 
placer  in  Hoosier  gulch,  which  he  located 
in  1860. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— Gladstone  Is 
on  Cement  creek,  9  miles  from  Sllverton, 
on  the  Sllverton  &  Gladstone  Railroad. 
Here  1b  located  the  Gold  King  mill,  which 
has  been  in  use  for  a  number  of  years, 
with  several  additions,  as  more  room  was 
required.  The  company  intends  doubling 
the  capacity  of  the  mill.  The  mine  is  on 
Bonita  hill  and  is  worked  through  Bhafts 
and  tunnela.  They  have  2J  miles  of  un- 
derground workings.  The  main  tunnel  is 
in  2500  feet  and  connects  with  a  shaft  700 
feet  deep,  with  two  compartments.  The 
ore  is  hoisted  by  electric  hoist  to  the  tun- 
nel level,  250  feet  below  the  surface,  and 
run  out  to  the  mill.  They  are  handling 
200  tons  of  ore  per  day.  The  ore  Is  quartz 
and  Iron,  sometimes  with  good  copper 
values.  It  averages  $16  to  $20  per  ton. 
W.  Z.  Kinney  haB  charge  of  the  company's 
affairs  at  Gladstone. 

The  Mammoth  Tunnel  group  of  thirty- 
two  claims,  owned  by  the  Stony  Pass 
M.  Co.,  is  reached  by  the  Sllverton  & 
Gladstone  Railway.  The  tunnel  is  7Jx8J 
feet  in  the  clear,  with  double  track.  This 
company  owns  eight  claims  on  Stony 
Pass,  Green  mountain,  6  miles  from  Silver- 
ton,  and  will  build  a  mill  on  the  property. 
A.  A.  Brown  Ib  in  charge. 

The  Yankee  tunnel,  owned  by  the  Bos- 
ton &  Sllverton  M.  &  R.  Co.,  is  in  1800 
feet  and  the  Lamont  tunnel  710  feet.  The 
company  owns  forty  claims.  They  have 
a  mill  and  will  run  as  soon  as  enough  ore 
is  blocked  out  to  keep  the  mill  employed. 
C.  W.  Swett  of  Boston,  Mass.,  is  president 
and  A.  A.  Lamont  manager. 

Gladstone,  July  27. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Brook- 
lyn M.  Co.,  In  the  Red  Mountain  district, 
is  working  Its  properties.  Seven  hundred 
feet  of  development  has  been  done  and 
they  are  operating  a  5-stamp  mill  and 
milling  fifteen  tons  per  day,  also  shipping 
two  cars  of  ore  per  week  to  the  smelter. 
F.  Manlon  is  superintendent. 

Chattanooga,  July  27. 

A  streak  of  tungsten  ore  has  been 
struck  in  the  Tom  Moore  tunnel,  near  Sll- 
verton, at  depth  of  300  feet. 

The  Gold  Queen  Mines  Co.  has  sold  the 
Silent  Friend  and  Mattie  B.  groups  of  fif- 
teen claims  in  Minnie  gulch  to  S.  Shaw  of 
Denver. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  The  Alta 
Mines  Co.,  on  Silver  mountain,  near  Ophir 
Loop,  have  been  doing  experimental  work 
the  past  two  years  and  have  about  1  mile 
of  tunnel  work  on  their  claims.  They 
have  a  20-stamp  mill  on  the  property, 
using  vanners  and  bumping  tables,  and 
are  now  Installing  a  slime  table.  A.  C. 
Koch  is  manager. 

The  Ophir  Con.  G.  M.  Co.  are  operating 
their  50stamp  mill,  handling  175  to  180 
tonB  per  day.  They  will  drive  a  tunnel 
which  will  cut  the  vein  900  feet  lower  than 
the  present  tunnel.     L.  G.  Homfeld  is  su- 


perintendent of  the  mill  and  H.  S.  Buck- 
ley assistant  manager  of  the  company. 

About  ninety  tons  of  ore  are  being  put 
through  the  30-atamp  mill  of  the  Butter- 
fly-Terrible G.  M.  Co.  They  are  making 
about  nine  cars  of  concentrates  per  month. 
The  main  tunnel  is  in  3000  feet.  A  1500- 
foot  aerial  tramway  transports  the  ore  to 
the  mill.  The  mill  Is  operated  by  water 
power,  but  the  company  intends  installing 
a  steam  plant  to  run  the  mill  during  the 
winter,  and  also  heat  the  plant  by  steam. 
J.  McMahon  has  charge  of  the  property. 

Ames,  July  21. 

(Special  Correspondence) — The  Yellow 
Mountain  M.  Co.  are  handling  twenty-five 
tons  of  ore  per  day  with  their  10-stamp 
mill.  The  capacity  of  the  mill  will  be 
doubled.  This  company  is  the  owner  of 
the  old  Caribou  mine.  At  present  work- 
ing on  the  Caribou  vein.  The  main  tun- 
nel is  in  2000  feet.  They  have  three 
claims — Caribou,  Montezuma  and  Capitan. 
W.  Davidson,  superintendent,  states  they 
expect  to  double  their  working  force. 
They  are  now  employing  twenty- five  men. 

J.  Real  has  a  lease  on  the  40-stamp  mill 
of  the  Suffolk  G.  M.  Co.,  handling  sixty 
tons  per  day.  The  mine  of  this  company 
is  under  lease.  The  company  is  inter- 
ested in  the  Badger  tunnel,  through 
which,  when  completed,  it  is  expected  to 
reach  all  of  the  fifteen  claims  of  the  com- 
pany. 

G.  R.  Dolf,  manager  of  the  Milwaukee- 
Ophir  M.  Co.,  states  they  have  completed 
an  upraise  of  480  feet  between  the  Dead- 
wood  tunnel  level  and  the  old  Nevada 
workings  and  will  build  a  mill.  The  Ne- 
vada has  been  idle  since  1884  owing  to 
water  in  the  mine.  This  has  now  been 
overcome.  The  property  lies  east  of  the 
Caribou,  on  Yellow  mountain. 

G.  B.  Pickett  has  charge  of  the  Car- 
bonero  mine,  doing  development  work. 
The  upper  level  is  in  600  feet  on  the  vein 
and  the  lower  crosscut  500  feet.  Ore  Is 
carbonate  and  galena,  with  silver  and 
gold.  They  are  shipping  ore  by  the  car- 
load. 

Ophir,  July  21. 

(Special  Correspondence). — R.  W.  Davis, 
Jr.,  manager  of  the  Menona  M.  &  M.  Co., 
Is  operating  the  old  Columbia  30-stamp 
mill  and  shipping  ten  to  fifteen  cars  of 
concentrates  per  month,  getting  from 
$8000  to  $10,000  gold  on  the  plateB.  He 
states  they  have  enough  ore  blocked  out 
to  run  the  mill  three  years. 

The  Tomboy  G.  M.  Co.  are  shipping  700 
tons  of  concentrates  per  month.  A  por 
tion  of  the  old  mill  Is  idle,  but  the  sixty 
stamps  in  the  new  mill  are  dropping  stead- 
ily.    D.  A.  Herron  is  superintendent. 

The  Sllverton  M.  Co.  has  a  tunnel  in 
2500  feet  in  Sultan  mountain  and  will  con- 
tinue it  several  thousand  feet  farther. 
Twenty-three  hundred  feet  from  the 
mouth  they  have  a  110-foot  shaft.  At  the 
shaft  they  have  a  50  H.  P.  electric  hoist. 
Work  at  level  No.  8  is  being  done  by  con- 
tract. They  have  recently  found  a  good 
body  of  ore.  The  company  is  repairing 
the  mill  and  will  put  in  an  engine,  boilers 
and  generator.  J.  C.  O'Neill  is  general 
manager  and  R.  J.  McCartney  superin- 
tendent. 

The  Hercules  Con.  G.  M.  Co.,  T.  Kane 
manager,  will  start  up  shortly.  It  is  the 
intention  to  double  the  capacity  of  the 
mill.  This  company  has  3'  miles  of  un- 
derground workings.  The  property  is  on 
Sultan  mountain. 

Smuggler,  July  26. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Butterfly- 
Terrible  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Ophir, 
issued  under  date  of  July  10,  shows  717 
feet  of  tunneling  driven,  178  feet  being  in 
the  main  tunnel  and  539  feet  on  the  east 
drift.  An  upraise  has  been  made  to  con- 
nect tunnels  Nos.  1  and  3,  which  is  320 
feet  in  height.  Since  finishing  the  up- 
raise a  stope  350  feet  by  20  feet  has  been 
cut  and  300  feet  of  timbering  done  in  the 
east  drift.  There  are  four  ore  shoots  on 
the  east  side  of  the  upraise  and  three  on 
the  west.  During  the  producing  period, 
between  May  1,  1902,  and  June  26,  1903, 
there  was  shipped  to  the  United  States 
mint  1126.26  ounces  of  bullion,  containing 
gold  values  of  $16,772.78,  and  silver  values 
of  $137.64.  In  addition  there  was  shipped 
concentrates  worth  $2925.21.  C.  Bullock 
of  Denver  Is  president. 

M.  Robbins,  foreman  of  the  Smuggler- 
Union  mines,  and  E.  Field  have  leased  the 
seventy-six  claims  and  all  dumps  below 
the  Smuggler  dump  In  Marshall  basin, 
owned  by  the  Smuggler-Union  M.  Co., 
and  are  building  a  10-stamp  mill. 

The  Smuggler-Union  M.  Co.  is  sinking 
the  Mendota  shaft  600  feet  to  the  ninth  or 
Bullion  tunnel  level. 

A  plant  for  driving  compressed  air  drills 
is  being  installed  at  the  Liberty  Bell  cross- 
cut tunnel,  near  Telluride,  and  the  prop- 
erty will  be  equipped  with  air  drills. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Cripple 

Creek  drainage  tunnel  Is  within  300  feet 

of  completion  and  should  be  finished  fully 

two  weeks  ahead  of  contract  time.    Its  ef- 


August  1,  1!K)3. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


73 


feet  on  the  mines  Is  already  noticeable. 

Cripple  Creek,  July  27. 

The  Bonnie  Nell  plant  on  Raven  bill, 
Cripple  Creek,  resumed  last  week  under 
Lessee  Sidell. 

G.  Jordan  bas  bought  the  cyanide  mill 
and  machinery  on  the  Ironclad  claim  on 
Bull  bill,  Cripple  Creek,  and  is  moving  it 
to  the  Summit  mill  at  Gillett,  where  Jor- 
dan has  a  lease  on  the  tailings  of  the  Sum- 
mit mill.  The  Ironclad  cyanide  mill  has 
six  tanks  and  this  number  will  be  In- 
creased . 

Rice  &  Stone  of  the  Stratton  estate  pro- 
pose to  build  a  100-ton  cyanide  mill,  to  be 
erected  on  Ironclad  hill,  Cripple  Creek, 
near  the  offices  of  the  Stratton  estate 
The  mill  will  treat  the  low-grade  ore 
which  it  is  expected  will  he  mined  from 
the  leases  on  Ironclad,  Globe,  Womack 
and  Bull  bills. 

T.  McManus  of  Victor  bas  secured  a 
$20,000  bond  and  two-year  lease  on  the 
Glenwood,  Oro  Cash  and  the  Doonan 
claim,  near  Victor,  on  Howell  mountain. 

The  C.  O.  D.  at  Cripple  Creek  has  been 
considered  a  worked  out  mine.  T.  B. 
Burbrldge  sank  tbe  shaft  to  1000  feet, 
near  the  present  water  level.  In  drifting 
underneath  the  old  ore  shoot  he  broke 
into  4  feet  of  180  ore,  showing  gray  cop- 
per. 

Out  of  twenty-three  deep  shaftB  In  Crip- 
ple Creek  district  which  had  ore  at  all, 
nineteen  have  good  ore  in  the  bottom 
levels  and  most  of  these  bottom  levels  are 
near  the  present  drainage  level,  says  G.  J. 
Bancroft.  Many  of  the  shafts  had  lean 
ground  for  two  or  three  levels.  The  num- 
ber of  strikes  near  the  present  water  level 
is  noticeable.  An  unusual  number  of 
strikes  have  been  made  at  this  horizon, 
which  also  marks  the  limit  of  the  evi- 
dences of  oxidation.  Possibly  the  water 
stood  at  about  this  elevation  at  some  time 
In  the  past. 

Work  is  to  be  resumed  on  the  Newell 
tunnel  under  Beacon  hill,  near  Cripple 
Creek.  Manager  W.  C.  Newell  proposes 
to  start  work  2200  feet  from  the  portals  of 
the  tunnel  and  cut  the  Prince  Albert, 
Beacon  and  Eureka  claims.  The  Newell 
tunnell  has  been  closed  down  for  a  num- 
ber of  months.  The  resumption  of  work 
In  this  tunnel  will  benefit  several  proper- 
ties Id  that  vicinity. 

J.  W.  King  Is  building  a  cyanide  plant 
on  the  Sioux  Palls  property  on  Spring 
creek,  near  Cripple  Creek. 

IDAHO. 

BOISE    COUNTY. 

At  the  Hard  Scrabble  mine,  at  Ber- 
nard's, owned  by  J.  and  W.  H.  Daly,  E. 
H.  Ross  and  O.  McCallister  of  Meridian, 
they  have  men  on  development  work,  and 
have  built  a  wagon  road  from  the  mine 
connecting  with  the  State  wagon  road  at 
Cape  Horn,  a  distance  of  12  miles. 

The  Twin  Sisters  mill  near  Quartzburg 
has  been  closed  down,  it  Is  said,  because  it 
does  not  save  the  values  closely  enough. 
Silver  predominates,  but  the  ore  carries 
$5  In  gold.  H.  McConnell  of  Boise  Is 
president. 

BLAINE   COONTY. 

A  10-stamp  mill  is  being  hauled  out  to 
the  Rosetta  district,  on  the  Little  Smoky, 
C.  C.  Rauthrauff  superintendent. 

ELMORE  COUNTY. 

The  Elmore  mine  at  Rocky  Bar  will  be 
reopened  by  a  company  of  Pittsburg,  Pa., 
men.  I.  E.  Rockwell  is  manager  and  M. 
Leech  is  superintendent. 

IDAHO  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Moose 
Creek  Placer  M.  Co.  is  incorporated  at 
Grangeville,  C.  P.  Richardson,  president 
and  manager.  The  company  proposes  to 
enlarge  and  extend  the  ditches  on  the 
property,  Install  enlarged  hydraulic  plant 
and  either  derrick  plant  or  cableway  for 
boulder  handling. 

The  Buckeye  M.  Co.  's  property  at  New- 
some  has  just  made  a  cleanup  from  the 
season's  run  of  about  100,000  cubic  yards. 
No  figures  have  been  given  out  by  the 
management  as  to  values  In  the  ground. 
The  ground  lies  advantageously  for  cheap 
and  rapid  hydraulicking.  The  banks 
reach  a  height  in  present  pit  of  120  feet. 
R.  L.  Phillips,  formerly  superintendent  at 
Moose  Creek  placers  and  American  Eagle 
(quartz),  is  superintendent.  About  fifteen 
men  have  been  employed. 

Newsome,  July  25. 

Work  has  been  started  on  the  Dewey 
Extension  group  near  Roosevelt,  Thun- 
der Mountain  district,  by  Spokane  men, 
Including  M.  Wolfe  and  J.  Meyers.  R. 
Strang  says  the  season's  rush  to  Thunder 
Mountain  has  begun  and  a  number  of 
men  are  outfitting  at  Stites  for  the  trip. 

Manager  P.  Macey  of  the  Iron  Springs 
M.  Co.  on  Rapid  river,  near  Warren,  says 
a  hoisting  plant  Is  being  put  in  to  sink  a 
double-compartment  shaft.  A  sawmill  is 
also  being  set  up  to  cut  lumber  for  the 
buildings. 


MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

Commencing  Aug.  1,  the  capacity  of  Red 
Jacket  shaft  at  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  mine 
at  Calumet  will  be  1600  tons  of  rock  dally. 
If  tbe  Calumet  &  Hecla  propose  an  In- 
crease In  Its  output,  it  will  be  from  this 
source  in  preference  to  the  shafts  on  the 
Osceola  lode,  which  In  the  past  have 
shown  lower  values.  It  Is  understood  all 
of  the  company's  Inclined  shafts  are  to  be 
provided  with  7 J  ton  capacity  skips.  One 
of  these  has  already  been  put  in  at  No.  7 
Hecla,  the  dally  output  from  this  source 
being  700  tons. 

The  work  of  Installing  the  hoist  for  No. 
4  shaft  at  the  Baltic  mine  of  the  Copper 
Range  Con.  Co.,  north  of  Palnesdale,  is 
about  completed  and  Is  expected  to  begin 

permanent  service    next    week. The 

compounding  of  the  heads  at  the  Cham- 
pion mill  Is  reported  showing  a  reduction 
of  30%  in  the  coal  consumption. 

It  Is  expected  the  fourth  head  at  the 
Trimountain  mill,  at  Edgemere,  will  be 
ready  for  operation  Aug.  1,  when  the  Tri- 
mountain will  stop  rock  shipments  to  the 
Arcadian  mill. 

The  improvements  under  way  at  the 
Red  Jacket  shaft  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla 
during  the  past  year  are  about  completed. 
The  last  of  the  mine  bins  Is  finished.  Ten 
days  will  be  required  to  make  the  neces- 
sary alterations  in  the  shaft  and  rock 
house,  and  during  this  period  the  shaft 
will  not  supply  any  mill  rock.  The  nine- 
ton  skips,  which  are  to  supersede  the 
cages,  are  In  readiness,  by  use  of  which 
the  hoisting  capacity  of  the  shaft  will  be 
doubled.  The  mine  outputs  nearly  6000 
tons  dally.  Bins  have  been  provided  at 
each  alternate  level,  commencing  at  the 
67th  at  either  side  of  the  shaft,  and  their 
capacity  of  nine  tons  is  equal  to  that  of  the 
new  skips  to  be  used.  The  skips  are  box- 
shaped,  and  in  the  matter  of  their  hoist- 
ing and  lowering  there  will  be  no  devia- 
tion from  the  present  method.  The  ad- 
vantages anticipated  are  a  saving  in  time 
of  loading  and  discharging  and  the  hoist- 
ing of  heavier  loads.  The  engines  can 
hoist  a  ten-ton  load  at  the  rate  of  3600  feet 
per  minute,  and,  allowing  for  reduced 
speed  at  the  top  and  bottom  of  the  shaft, 
round  trip  to  extreme  depth  can  be  made 
in  five  minutes. 

It  Is  reported  that  the  Michigan  will  be 
shipping  rock  to  the  Mass  mill  In  Octo- 
ber. The  shaft  rock  bouse  at  the  A  shaft 
of  the  Michigan  has  been  enclosed  and 
sheathed.  A  smaller  structure  on  the  B 
shaft  is  started  and  will  be  completed 
within  sixty  days.  The  hoist  for  the  A 
shaft  Is  on  tbe  ground  and  the  40-drill 
compressor  will  be  delivered  by  October. 

C.  H.  Taylor,  consulting  engineer  in 
charge  of  the  hydraulic  plant  being  con- 
structed at  the  Victoria,  says  the  auto- 
matic compressing  plant  will  be  of  4000 
H.  P. 

MISSOURI 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

Material  for  a  300-ton  mill  is  being  de- 
livered at  the  Independence  mine  on  the 
Guinn  land,  north  of  Webb  City.  A 
blanket  sheet  of  ore  was  developed  on 
this  lease  and  tbe  incline  shaft  was  sunk 
to  235  feet.  M.  B  Conkey  is  the  manager. 

The  Obert  M.  Co.  has  completed  a  100- 
ton  mill  at  Duenweg. 

A  company  composed  of  C.  T.  Bunce, 
S.  Ennes,  H.  M.  Metcalf,  O.  M. 
Odell  and  A.  Haughton  of  Joplin  has 
leased  the  Murphy  land  at  Zincite,  a 
noted  producer,  but  which  for  several 
years  has  been  Idle  and  flooded.  They 
will  put  in  a  pumping  plant. 

Only  two  weeks  of  this  year  show  a 
larger  zinc  shipment  than  that  of  last 
week.  The  shipment  was  larger  than  the 
output,  which  was  close  to  5000  tons,  but 
the  shipment  was  over  5500  tons.  The 
highest  price  reported  paid  for  zinc  was 
$40  per  ton,  which  price  has  ruled  for 
weeks,  and  the  basis  ranged  from  $35  to 
$37.50  per  ton  of  60%  zinc.  Lead  contin- 
ued firm  at  $52  per  ton.  A  year  ago  zinc 
sold  at  $42  per  ton  and  lead  at  $48  per  ton. 

MONTANA. 

BEAVERHEAD  COUNTY. 

Work  has  been  resumed  in  the  smelter 
of  the  Indian  Queen  mine  in  the  Birch 
Creek  district. 

BROADWATER  COUNTY. 

Roseberg  &  Sutton  of  Helena  have 
leased  and  bonded  the  Stray  Horse  mine, 
near  Winston.  Work  has  been  com- 
menced on  a  concentrator. 

P.  W.  Roasberg,  formerly  superintend- 
ent of  the  Peck  concentrator  at  East 
Helena,  has  a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Stray 
Horse  mine  near  Winston.  He  will  super- 
Intend  development  at  the  Stray  Horse. 
There  are  4000  tons  of  milling  ore  on  the 
dump.  A  shaft  will  be  Bunk  on  the  vein 
in  the  lower  tunnel,  which  is  In  1500  feet. 
The  mine  is  opened  by  three  tunnels,  but 
for  the  present  work  will  be  confined  to 


the  lower  tunnel.     Excavation   for  a  40- 
ton  concentrator  has  been  finished. 
LEWIS  AND  CLARK  COUNTY. 

The  Mission  Peak  M.  Co.,  near  Helena, 
which  has  been  running  its  stamp  mill  for 
two  years,  will  add  a  cyanide  plant. 
MISSOULA  COUNTY. 

The  Tarbox  M.  Co.,  of  Saltese,  has  the 
shaft  down  400  feet.    A  crosscut  is  to   be 
driven   75  feet  and   the  vein  drifted.    A 
cage  and  pumps  are  being  installed. 
SILVER  BOW  COUNTY. 

J.  O'Leary,  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
the  Hidden  Lake  M.  Co.  of  Butte,  says  a 
100-ton  concentrator  will  be  built  at  that 
property.  The  company  has  nineteen 
quartz  and  placer  claims,  mills!  tes  and 
two  water  rights  on  Warm  Springs  creek. 

Nine  mines  of  the  Amalgamated  Copper 
Co.  in  Butte  and  the  Anaconda  smelter 
are  to  open  August  20th.  Nearly  6000 
men  will  return  to  work.  The  shut-down 
was  caused  by  making  connection  between 
the  furnaces  and  the  great  flue  and  stack 
recently  completed. 

NEVADA. 

ESMJ1RALDA   COUNTY. 

The  mines  of  the  Con.  Esmeralda  M. 
Co  ,  12  miles  from  Hawthorne,  is  to  have 
a  40  stamp  mill.  The  plant  was  originally 
erected  at  Jordan,  16  miles  from  Bodle,  a 
number  of  years  ago,  but  not  used.  It  In- 
cludes power  drills,  air  compressor,  rock 
breakers  and  complete  hoist. 

It  is  reported  C.  H.  Elliott  of  Salt  Lake, 
Utah,  bas  bonded  the  Chiatovich  mine  at 
Silver  Peak  for  $75,000.  The  property  is 
equipped  with  machinery  and  Is  In  opera- 
tion. 

LINCOLN   COUNTY. 

The  Baltimore  and  Radical  claims  have 
been  sold  to  B.  P.  Lewis  and  J.  H.  Gur- 
mann.  They  adjoin  the  property  of  the 
Parallel  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Searchlight,  on 
thejnorthwest. 

An  air  compressor  and  new  machine 
drills  will  be  Installed  by  the  lone  M.  Co., 
near  Searchlight.  Two  shafts  will  be 
Bunk,  a  whip  being  used  preliminary  to  a 
hoist;  F.  A.  Spare,  manager. 
NYE  COUNTY. 

Reduction  works  for  the  Tonopah  M. 
Co.  are  being  considered,  to  be  built  this 
summer  at  Tonopah. 

Superintendent  McCarthy,  of  the  North 
Star  mine  at  Tonopah,  reports  that  the 
shaft  is  now  down  905  feet  and  stringers 
of  ore  coming  In. 

The  Boston  Tonopah  shaft  is  down  300 
feet.  It  is  tbe  intention  to  crosscut  at  600 
feet;  G.  S.  Nixon,  president. 

A  flow  of  water  has  been  encountered 
on  the  300  level  of  the  Rescue  mine  in 
Tonopah.  It  is  pumped  to  the  surface 
and  sold  for  various  purposes. 

The  Enterprise  M.  Co.  reportB  a  dis- 
covery of  tin  at  their  mine  at  Lone 
Mountain,  4  miles  south  of  Barrel 
Springs. 

STOREY  COUNTY. 

Electricity  is  to  be  substituted  for 
steam  in  operating  power  drlllB  at  the 
Overman  mine,  Virginia  City. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

The  Wild  West  M.  Co.  is  putting  in 
machinery,  offices,  ore  bins  and  making 
other  improvements  on  itB  property  in 
Egan  canyon,  near  Cherry  creek. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 
W.  McAllister  has  arranged  with  Ed- 
ward Steele,  of  Dallas,  Texas,  to  erect  a 
60-ton  concentrator  for  the  low  -  grade 
ores  of  the  Aztec  mine  in  Plnos  Altos 
mountains,  near  Silver  City.  The  ores 
contain  gold  and  silver  sulphides.  The 
new  concentrator  will  consist  of  rolls, 
screens,  jigs  and  concentrating  tables. 

SANTA  FE  COUNTY. 
The  Gold  Bullion  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Santa  Fe  by  R.  S.  Baldwin, 
S.  Jaros  and  F.  M.  Choate  of  New  York. 
The  company  will  operate  in  southern 
Santa  Fe  county. 

OREGON. 

BAKER    COUNTY. 

The  Dixie  group  on  Granite  Boulder 
creek,  near  Sumpter,  is  to  have  a  milling 
plant  of  twenty  tons  capacity.  F.  Ray  is 
manager. 

The  new  5-stamp  mill  on  the  I.  X.  L., 
F.  T.  Kelly,  manager,  has  started  up. 
There  Is  sufficient  ore  blocked  out  to  keep 
the  mill  running  several  months. 

Arrangements  are  being  made  to  install 
an  air  compressor  and  power  drills  on  the 
Victor,  in  the  Cracker  Creek  district. 
This  property  was  taken  over  recently  by 
A.  G.  Hanauer,  of  Spokane,  and  is  under 
the  management  of  the  Geiser-Hendryx 
Investment  Co.,  H.  T.  Hendryx  of  Sump- 
ter, manager. 

The  Gold  Hill  property,  near  Durkee, 
operated  by  the  Burnt  River  G.  M.  Co. , 
was  sold  to  Nicholas  Bros,  of  Portland, 


Or.,  for  $250,000,  of  which  $25,000  was 
paid  down.  The  mine  has  a  10-stamp  mill, 
with  rock  crusher  and  four  concentrators. 

The  Quebec  mine,  in  Blue  Mountain  dis- 
trict, has  started  up  under  direction  of  R. 
Adams. 

A  100-ton  mill  is  to  be  built  at  the 
Golden  Wizard,  near  Sumpter,  as  soon  as 
ore  has  been  tested.  J.  M.  McPhee  is 
superintendent. 

The  Single  Standard  Co.,  on  Paddy 
creek,  tributary  to  Eagle,  near  Baker 
City,  Or.,  will  erect  a  20-stamp  mill  on  the 
property,  sayB  E.  S.  Tice  of  Baker  City. 

L.  O.  Miller  of  Sumpter  says  the  Golden 
Wizard  Co.  will  build  a  concentrating 
plant. 

The  Listen  Lake  Co.,  operating  in  the 
McNamee  district,  has  finished  an  air 
blast  and  Is  grading  for  a  hoist  to  be  put 
In  within  a  short  time. 

Mack's  Luck  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  In 
Deer  Creek  district,  is  opening  up  its 
property. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

W.  H.  Hampton  is  constructing  a  tubu- 
lar hydraulic  elevator  at  Deep  Gravel 
placer. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 

The  Sunbeam  M.  Co  ,  near  Custer,  have 
a  shaft  on  the  vein  down  220  feet.  The 
ore  is  bluish  gray  quartz,  carrying  free 
gold.  The  company  has  installed  a  hoist- 
ing plant,  consisting  of  boilers,  hoisting 
engine,  an  air  compressor,  pumps,  black- 
smith shop,  sawmill,  etc.  It  is  the  inten- 
tion to  build  a  stamp  mill,  the  lumber  for 
which  has  been  sawed. 

The  Bullion  Co ,  near  Keystone,  will 
erect  an  80-stamp  mill  as  soon  as  practica- 
ble. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

J.  Conzette,  of  the  Ruby  G.  M.  Co  ,  is 
erecting  a  small  cyanide  plant  for  experi- 
mental purposes  preparatory  to  the  per- 
manent plant  to  be  built  near   Lead  City. 

The  Horseshoe  Co.  of  Deadwood  has 
made  a  new  departure  in  locating  its  new 
mill  at  the  mines  on  Bald  mountain,  says 
the  Lead  Call,  thus  saving  on  transporta- 
tion of  ore.  The  new  plant  is  expected  to 
drop  one-half  of  its  stamps  on  August  first. 
The  building  is  424x168  feet,  containing 
120  stampB,  engine,  boilers  and  tanks. 
Forty  feet  west,  and  connected  by  a  cov- 
ered tramway,  is  the  crusher  building, 
equipped  with  two  No.  5  GateB  rock  crush- 
ers, engine  and  two  boilers  of  100  H  P. 
each,  and  a  bin  capacity  for  3000  tons.  The 
crushed  ore  passes  from  the  crushers  to  a 
conveyor,  which  delivers  the  ore  into  the 
mill  bins.  Coal  Is  delivered  by  the  same 
process  to  the  boilers  in  the  center  of  the 
mill  building.  The  mill  bins  hold  7000 
tons.  The  tanks  are  steel  and  the  eight 
are  40  feet  in  diameter  and  5  feet  deep. 
On  the  floor  below  are  sixteen  tanks  10x20 
feet.  Lower  are  eight  gold  solution  tanks 
10x15  feet.  Still  lower  are  eight  sump 
tanks  12x24  feet  and  four  storage  tanks 
14x30  feet.  The  mill  is  in  two  sections  of 
sixty  stamps.  In  the  center  is  tbe  engine 
and  boiler  of  150  H.  P  each.  The  mill  is 
near  the  Mogul  mine  and  will  be  supplied 
with  water  from  the  Mogul  workings. 
The  Horseshoe  Co.  will  convert  the  Kil- 
donan  mill  at  Pluma  into  a  wet  crushing 
mill,  removing  the  rolls  and  substituting 
sixty  stamps,  giving  it  a  capacity  of  250 
tons  daily, 

PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 

The  tramway  from  the  Ida  Florence 
Bhaft  to  the  Bismarck  mill,  near  Hill  City, 
is  being  built,  and  it  is  expected  to  have 
the  stamps  dropping  next  month. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 

The  lead  furnace  of  the  Majestic  smel- 
ter near  Milford  will  be  blown  in  by  Aug- 
ust 15th,  says  Manager  W.  A.  Farish, 
and  will  treat  100  tons  of  Harrington- 
Hickory  silver-lead  ore  per  day.  For  the 
present  the  ore  will  be  transported  to  the 
smelter  by  teams,  a  train  or  railroad  to  be 
put  In  later — the  distance  being  4J  miles. 
The  starting  of  the  lead  furnace  will  be 
followed  soon  after  by  tbe  blowing  in  of 
the  250-ton  copper  furnace. 

JUAB  COUNTY. 

Constructing  Engineer  J.  M.  Callow  and 
Superintendent  Legg  of  the  Uncle  Sam 
Con.  M.  Co.  have  called  for  bids  for  the 
construction  of  the  building  and  supply- 
ing machinery  for  a  concentrating  mill 
near  Eureka. 

The  West  Tintic  M.  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized at  Salt  Lake  City  by  A.  C.  Lee, 
D.  F.  Walker,  Jr.,  and  H.  W.  Walker. 
The  company  owns  a  group  of  four  claims 
in  West  Tintic  district,  near  Eureka. 

R  G.  Legg,  manager  of  the  Uncle  Sam 
at  Eureka,  says  the  company  is  giving 
final  consideration  to  the  matter  of  a  mill. 

The  shaft  of  the  Black  Jack  M.  Co.,  at 
Mammoth,  is  down  1100  feet,  with  300 
more  to  go  to  reach  the  drift  from  the 
Lower  Mammoth.  The  Black  Jack  is 
putting  out  iron  ore  for  the  furnaces  of 


n 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,1903. 


the  American  S.  &  R.  Co.  in  Jordan  val- 
ley. 

The  management  of  the  Lower  Mam- 
moth of  Tintic,  at  Eureka,  has  made  con- 
nection with  each  of  its  main  fissureB  on 
the  1200-foot  level,  with  a  maximum 
depth  of  1500  feet  below  the  surface. 
MILLAED   COUNTY. 

Of  the  proposed  enlargement  of  the 
Highland  Boy  smelter,  owned  by  the  Utah 
Con.  M.  Co.,  Manager  Channing  states 
that  ground  will  be  broken  for  the  bulld- 
iDgs  and  contracts  for  the  equipment  let 
in  August. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

Connections  in  the  installation  of  the 
new  flue  at  the  Highland  Boy  smelter 
have  been  completed,  says  Manager  Chan- 
ning, and  516  tons  daily  are  being  smelted. 
Twelve  roasting  furnaces  and  two  large 
reverberatory  furnaces  are  to  be  added. 

S.  Bamberger  has  deeded  the  Fortune 
mine  near  Bingham  to  the  Bamberger 
Exploration  Co.,  and  also  bought  the 
Evergreen  lode,  a  claim  within  the  lines 
of  the  Fortune  group,  for  83000.  Work 
is  temporarily  shut  down  at  the  Fortune, 
says  the  Bulletin. 

The  St.  Joe  mine  at  Bingham  has  been 
closed  down  for  an  indefinite  period,  says 
Manager  Hasbrouch,  due  to  a  deal  pend- 
ing for  control  of  the  mine. 

The  output  of  the  Yampa  mine  at  Bing- 
ham, under  the  30,000-ton  contract  with 
the  Bingham  Con.  smelter,  is  averaging 
two  carloads  daily,  to  be  increased  as  soon 
as  connection  with  the  Copper  Belt  rail- 
way is  effected.  No  stoping  has  been 
done,  the  ore  all  coming  from  develop- 
ments. 

The  recent  strike  reported  on  the  1500 
level  of  the  Brooklyn  claim,  of  the  Bing- 
ham Con.  M  Co  ,  is  proving  richer  than 
first  reported.  Manager  McVichie  is  re- 
ported as  saying,  in  this  connection, 
that  the  Bingham  properties  are  ap- 
proaching that  stage  where  increased 
faci  ities  for  smelting  and  output  will  be- 
come necessary.  The  tunnel  is  being 
driven  and  the  water  has  drawn  off,  so 
that  it  will  be  possible  soon  to  carry  on 
mining  in  the  various  shafts. 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

The  Ontario,  Park  City,  is  to  have  a 
new  concentrator  of  fifty  tons  capacity. 
It  Is  to  be  located  at  No.  3  shaft.  It  will 
be  run  by  electricity,  says  Manager  Root. 

At  the  Silver  King  Con.,  the  company 
intends  building  a  boiler  house,  35x60,  for 
three  sets  of  boilers.  One  set  of  85  H.  P. 
boilers  will  be  put  in  as  soon  as  the  build- 
ing is  ready  for  them.  A  new  gallows 
frame  is  to  be  erected.  A  station  has 
been  cut  on  the  500  level  for  a  duplex 
compound  pump  which  will  have  a  capac- 
ity of  600  gallons  per  minute.  A  new  12x 
16  engine  good  for  2000  feet  will  be  put  in 
also. 

WASHINGTON. 

PERRY    COUNTY. 

At  Mount  Elemeham,  the  Nlghthawk 
tunnel  is  crosscutting  the  vein  65  feet 
from  the  hanging  wall  in  90ft,  granulated 
quartz  and  has  not  struck  the  footwall. 

The  Ruby  mine,  on  Mount  Chapaca,  is 
employing  eight  men.  Ore  is  being 
shipped  to  the  Everett  smelter.  The 
Ruby  is  12  miles  northwest  of  Loomis. 

The  Horn  Silver  mine,  on  Palmer 
mountain,  near  the  Similkameen  river, 
has  a  5-foot  vein  of  silver- bearing  ore. 
Eight  men  are  employed;  O.  P.  Tufty 
superintendent. 

OKANOGAN    COUNTY. 

J.  Boyd  is  in  New  York  arranging  for 
the  Installation  of  a  3000  H.  P.  electrical 
plant,  and  an  air  compressor,  to  be  placed 
at  the  mine  of  the  Palmer  Mountain  tun- 
nel at  Loomis. 

Ore  from  a  blind  ledge  on  the  lower 
workings  at  the  Opal  mine,  near  Chesaw, 
gives  high  values  in  gold.  The  ore  is  4 
feet  wide  and  is  running  with  the  tunnel, 
in  200  feet,  and  has  a  vertical  depth  of  90 
feet.  One  hundred  feet  ahead  of  the  face 
surface  work  9hows  a  large  body  of  ore. 
Treasurer  F.  L.  Woodbrldge,  of  the  Opal 
Co.  of  Newark,  Ohio,  says  that  a  reduc- 
tion plant  will  be  placed  on  the  property. 

PIERCE  COUNTY. 
A  contract  by  which  the  Southern  Pa- 
cific Railroad  Co.  will  take  the  entire  out- 
put of  the  Carbon  Hill  coal  mines,  is  re- 
ported olosed.  The  mine  Is  near  Tacoma, 
and  its  output  is  20,000  tons  a  month. 
Hitherto  a  portion  of  the  coal  mined  has 
been  sold  to  steamship  lines. 

STEVENS  COUNTY. 
The  Old  Dominion  60-ton  concentrator 
at  Colville,  which  has  been  idle  for  six 
years,  has  been  repaired,  and  operations 
started.  The  ore  bodies  on  the  Old  Do- 
minion have  been  uncovered.  W.  F. 
Kyle,  lessee  of  the  property,  had  twenty- 
two  men  during  spring  and  early  summer 
timbering  the  underground  works  in 
various  parts  of  the  mine  and  starting 
new  developments.    The  latest  and  most 


important  development  is  the  opening  of 
3  feet  of  chloride  ore  in  the  old  Ella  shaft. 

Work  has  begun  on  the  Blackthorn 
claims,  in  the  Meteor  camp,  on  the  Col- 
ville reservation.  Foreman  Matthews  re- 
ports the  ledge  widening.  The  tunnel  was 
started  at  the  bottom  of  the  canyon  and  is 
running  in  on  the  ledge. 

Manager  OlmBtead  of  the  Stray  Dog 
group  is  in  New  York  making  arrange- 
ments for  extensive  development  work, 
815,000  having  already  been  expended  on 
the  property,  and  it  is  said  that  the  ledge 
contains  26  inches  of  high-grade  ore. 

A  California  company  is  preparing  to 
run  a  3000-foot  tunnel  from  Stray  Bog 
canyon.  Surveyors  are  surveying  the  site. 

The  Nonpareil  Co.  is  at  work  on  a  1000- 
foot  tunnel  to  tap  the  ledge  at  700  feet 
depth. 

FOREIGN. 

AUSTRALIA. 

NEW   SOUTH  WALES. 

The  tailings  dump  of  the  Wentworth 
mines  at  Lucknow  are  reported  sold  for 
850,000. 

The  Newstead  Tin  M.  Co.,  at  Elsmore, 
it  is  reported,  has  struck  a  rich  tin  lode  6 
feet  in  width,  ore  assaying  25%  tin.  At 
Newstead,  the  tin  deposits  are  overlaid  by 
basalt  from  150  to  200  feet  thick,  and  this 
has  to  be  sunk  through  before  the  tin- 
bearing  granite  is  reached,  and  frequently 
considerable  water  is  found  in  the  shafts. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Amalgamated 
Copper  Co.  has  bought  the  Cobar  copper 
mines  in  New  South  Wales.  The  price  is 
stated  to  be,  with  the  adjoining  leaseB, 
£1,500,000. 

The  Central  mine,  at  Broken  Hill,  Is  to 
sink  a  new  shaft  (Inclined)  in  the  foot  wall, 
all  other  9haft8  heretofore  being  in  the 
ore  body  or  started  in  the  hanging  wall 
country.  Owing,  however,  to  the  exten- 
sive underground  operations,  the  ground 
on  the  hanging  wall  has  settled  and 
is  constantly  shifting  slightly,  thus  ren- 
dering shafts  there  insecure  and  expen- 
sive to  maintain.  The  new  shaft  will 
be  free  from  the  effects  of  "creeps" 
and  other  disturbances.  The  venture  is 
looked  forward  to  with  some  interest,  aa 
it  is  the  first  shaft  to  be  thus  located  in 
that  district,  though  shafts  so  located 
are  common  elsewhere. 

QUEENSLAND. 

The  Queensland  gold  returns  for  the 
month  of  June  were  as  follows: 

Tons  Yield  in 

Mine.                      Crushed.  Ounces. 

Charters  Towers 25,400  41,000 

Croydon 3,900  4,200 

Gympie 15,000  14,000 

Mount  Morgan 22, 500  9, 900 

Ravenswood 1,900  4,100 

Other  fields 5,100  4,500 

Alluvial 1,000 

Total 78, 700 

Total  yield  for  Bix  months,  ounces. 438,900 
WEST   AUSTRALIA. 

The  Kalgurli  Gold  Co.,  at  Kalgoorlie, 
July  3,  report:  During  June  treated  3815 
tons  for  a  return  of  3625  ounces  (£14,047)  of 
gold,  with  expenditures  for  month  as  fol- 
lows: Working  expenses,  £6055;  develop- 
ment, £655;  capital  expenditure,  £474. 

The  Murrin  Copper  Co.  report  their 
production  for  month  of  June  at:  Twenty- 
three  days'  smelting  ore  gave  matte  con- 
taining 120  tons  of  fine  copper.  It  iB  ex- 
pected the  new  works  will  be  in  operation 
by  Aug.  1. 

Shanks  Bros.  &  Geerke  report  from  the 
Victory  leaBe  at  Mount  Clifford,  north  end 
of  Leonora  district,  having  taken  618 
ounces  from  twenty-eight  tons.  The  av- 
erage was  twenty-two  ounces.  This  was 
taken  up  in  January.  A  leader  was  found 
on  the  outcrop.  After  dollying  for  a 
month,  the  gold  was  found  on  the  lower 
ground,  the  three  men  getting  fifty  ounces 
of  alluvial  gold.  The  lease  was  then 
worked  for  alluvial,  300  ounces  being  se- 
cured by  a  dozen  men.  The  three  men 
then  sank  a  water  shaft  80  feet,  and  then 
drove  20  feet  towards  the  reef  and  sank 
to  100  feet,  water  level.  At  that  depth 
stone  going  six  ounces  was  found,  There 
are  other  shafts,  one  50  feet  and  the  other 
40  feet,  down.  It  was  from  these  that  the 
latest  returns  were  crushed  at  the  Clifford 
battery.    No  stoping  has  been  done. 

The  Mt.  Magnet  district  of  the  Murchi- 
son  Goldfield  had  up  to  the  end  of  May 
last  treated  216,561  tons  of  ore  for  a  yield 
of  210,667  ounces;  average,  .97  ounce. 

Following  is  the  cost  of  operating  at  the 
Vale  of  Coolgardie  during  May:  Stamps 
at  work,  10;  days  running,  28;  stone 
crushed,  1015  tons;  duty  per  stamp  per  24 
hours,  3  6  tons;  bullion  obtained,  336  ozs. 
16  dwt.  23  grs.;  average  per  ton,  6  dwt.  14 
grs.  Expenses — Mining  per  ton,  14b.  3d.; 
milling  per  ton,  8s.  3d.;  development,  per 
ton  milled,  20s.  Cyaniding  —  Tailings 
treated,  1066  tons;  bullion  obtained,  78 
ozb.  6  dwt.  12  grs.;  average,  1  dwt.  11  grs. 
Expenses— Cyaniding  per  ton,  4s.  3d .    To- 


tal for  month,  414  ozs.  2  dwt.  11  grs  ;  av- 
erage, 8  dwt.  5  grB.  Total  yield  to  date, 
55,390  tons  for  35,266  ozs.  1  dwt.  4  grs.; 
general  average,  12  dwt.  21  grB. 

The  South  Kalgurli  mine  has  been 
closed,  throwing  200  men  out  of  employ- 
ment. The  mine  has  been  steadily  work- 
ing at  a  loss.  The  intention  is  stated  to 
be  to  raise  additional  capital  to  provide  an 
enlarged  equipment,  in  order  that  the 
mine  may  be  operated  on  a  larger  and 
more  economical  scale;  J.  lies,  manager, 
Kalgurli. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

ATLIN  DISTRICT. 
A  company  composed  of  B.  C.  Warnick, 
P.  Russ,  S.  Pressor,  A.  Buchanan  and  A. 
L.  Solenburg  of  Pennsylvania,  with  H. 
W.  Knight  of  Overbook,  Or.,  are  putting 
in  a  gold  dredging  plant  at  Atlin.  The 
timbers  for  this  dredger  were  obtained  in 
Vancouver. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 

The  Boundary  district  has  shipped  over 
300,000  tons  of  ore  this  year,  and  the  ton- 
nage sent  to  the  smelters  the  past  month 
is  the  greatest  for  several  months,  being 
above  15,000  tons. 

The  Oro  Denoro  has  joined  the  ship- 
ping list,  the  ore  going  to  the  Sunset 
smelter. 

The  Morning  Glory  shipped  three  cars 
of  ore  laBt  week. 

At  Fairview,  seventy  men  are  employed 
in  the  Stemwinder  mine,  mill  and  cyanide 
works.  The  mill  runs  twenty  -  five  to 
thirty-five  stamps,  according  to  ore  out- 
put. 

Work  has  been  started  on  the  Trilby  In 
Skylark  camp,  recently  bonded  by  Gaunce 
&  Wickwire  of  Greenwood,  McDonell 
brothers  of  Anaconda,  and  A.  J.  Coursen 
of  Seattle. 

Work  on  the  North  Fork  wagon  road 
to  Franklin  camp  is  being  rushed. 

Eight  furnaces  are  in  blast  in  the  three 
Boundary  smelters,  treating  3000  tons  of 
ore  daily. 

On  the  Queen  of  Sheba  claim  at  Dead- 
wood,  G.  Andrews  1b  taking  out  fine  look- 
ing ore.  He  is  now  down  25  feet  in  an  in- 
cline on  ore  between  lime  and  porphyry. 
L.  A.  Smith  of  Anaconda  and  G.  Andrews 
own  the  property. 

Ten  cars  of  ore  have  been  shipped  from 
the  dump  of  the  Morrison  mine,  Dead- 
wood.  It  is  expected  that  1000  tona  will 
be  shipped. 

Five  more  stamps  will  shortly  be  added 
to  the  mill  of  the  Waterloo  mine,  Camp 
McKInney. 

It  Is  expected  there  will  be  six  furnaces 
in  operation  at  the  Granby  smelter  at 
Grand  Forks  by  September  1,  says  H.  N. 
Galer,  assistant  manager  of  the  Granby  Co. 

At  the  Wakefield  mine  work  is  going 
ahead  in  both  mine  and  mill.  The  con- 
centrator is  being  remodeled  under  Su- 
perintendent G.  King  of  Spokane,  Wash., 
and  when  completed  will  handle  350  tons 
of  ore  per  day. 

CARIBOO  DISTRICT. 
The  Rambler-Cariboo  mine,  near  Mc- 
Gulgan,  will  put  in  a  compressor  2  miles 
from  the  mine,  at  which  point  by  fluming 
two  creeks  an  ample  water  supply  can  be 
obtained. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

The  Crow's  Nest  Coal  Co.  has  decided 
to  build  its  new  office  in  Fernie.  On  the 
last  pay  day  at  Crow's  Nest  mines,  a  total 
of  $130,021.05  was  paid  out  at  the  three 
camps,  an  increase  of  $14,817.25  over  any 
previous  monthly  payroll. 

Ten  of  the  new  coke  ovens  are  ready 
for  use  at  Morrissey. 

W.  Blakemore  of  NelBOn  reports  the 
iron  properties,  in  which  he  is  interested, 
at  the  head  of  Crawford  creek,  in  East 
Kootenay,  carry  a  good  grade  of  specular 
Iron.  A  6-foot  lead  has  been  opened  up 
and  development  work  Is  being  done.  The 
group  is  5  miles  from  Kootenay  lake,  with 
which  connection  could  be  made  by  an 
aerial  tramway.  The  coal  fields  of  East 
Kootenay  are  also  within  easy  reach. 

KAMLOOPS  DISTRICT. 

One  hundred  thousand  dollars  is  to  be 
furnished  by  the  Ashanti  Lands,  Ltd.,  an 
English  concern,  to  install  a  plant  to  treat 
the  ore  of  the  Iron  Mask  at  Kamloops. 

Two  new  furnaces  are  being  installed  at 
Granby  smelter,  making  a  total  battery  of 
six.  The  connections  with  flue-dust  cham- 
ber and  blowers  are  to  be  made  in  a  few 
days,  when  the  plant  will  be  closed  down 
for  a  week. 

LARDEAU    DISTRICT. 

The  Eva  stamp  mill  is  nearing  comple- 
tion and  the  towers  of  the  tram  line  are 
being  erected. 

The  free  gold  vein  on  the  Stockholm 
mine  has  been  traced  1000  feet. 

Messrs.  Brock  and  Boyd  of  the  Domin- 
ion Geological  Survey  are  making  a  geo- 
logical survey  of  the  Lardeau  district,  of 
which  a  map  will  be  issued  by  the  depart- 
ment. The  survey  will  take  In  the  min- 
eral belt  from  Fish  creek  to  Kootenay 


lake.  Including  the  country  around  Cam- 
borne, Trout  lake  and  Ferguson. 

ROSSLAND   DISTRICT. 

At  the  White  Bear  mine,  near  Ross- 
land,  the  directors  will  expend  $40,000  in 
buildings  and  plant,  including  a  concen- 
trator, and  $10,000  to  $15,000  in  develop- 
ment. A  20-drill  compressor  plant  is  un- 
der way.  A  250  H.  P.  hoist  has  also  been 
ordered  and  the  headworks  to  contain 
the  new  hoist  will  be  shortly  started. 

J.  Cronln,  manager  of  the  St.  Eugene 
Con.  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Moyie,  B.  C, 
will  put  in  more  power  and  add  an  engine 
to  run  the  mills  and  will  also  put  in  zinc 
concentrators. 

At  the  Spitzee  mine,  near  Rossland,  the 
compressor  and  hoisting  machinery  are  In 
operation  and  underground  work  again 
under  way.  Two  shifts  are  carrying  the 
main  shaft  down  from  the  100-foot  station. 
SLOCAN  DISTRICT. 

The  mines  in  Slocan  and  Ainsworth  dis- 
tricts are  either  starting  work  or  increas- 
ing their  forces,  due  to  the  lead  bonus. 

W.  Hunter  is  working  the  Comstock. 
Ten  inches  of  ore  has  been  exposed  on  the 
surface  between  No.  4  and  No.  6  tunnels. 

The  concentrator  at  the  Wakefield  Is 
being  remodeled  and  will  have  a  capacity 
of  150  tons  per  day. 

A  strike  is  reported  on  the  Black  Hawk, 
of  the  Mansfield,  at  the  head  of  the  South 
Fork.  The  vein  is  6  feet  wide,  carrying  a 
10  to  14-inch  paystreak. 

The  first  shipment  of  three  cars  of  zinc 
ore  from  the  Lucky  Jim,  under  the  man- 
agement of  Mr.  Jones,  has  been  made. 
This  is  one  of  the  earliest  discovered 
Slocan  properties. 

The  Iron  deposits  at  the  head  of  Craw- 
ford creek,  owned  by  B.  White  and  J. 
Devlin,  are  to  be  worked,  as  the  bonus 
granted  on  iron  and  Bteel  by  the  Dominion 
government  will  enable  them  to  work  at 
a  profit.     The  ore  is  specular  Iron. 

Manager  J.  F.  Collom  of  the  Arlington 
mine  at  Slocan  lake  has  made  application 
to  the  gold  commissioner  for  400  inches  of 
water  to  be  taken  from  Springer  creek, 
this  being  preliminary  to  the  establish- 
ment of  a  mill  for  the  treatment  of  Arling- 
ton ores. 

At  the  Wakefield  mine  the  concentrator 
is  being  remodeled  under  the  supervision 
of  G.  King  of  Spokane. 

The  Rossland  World  says  the  North- 
western haB  its  stamp  mill  erected  and  the 
Oyster-Criterion  and  Eva  are  each  build- 
ing 10-stamp  mills. 

COREA. 

American  methods  are  said  to  have 
revolutionized  the  mining  industry  in 
Corea.  The  Oriental  M.  Co.,  at  Wunsen 
in  northern  Corea,  near  the  Manchurian 
border,  300  miles  north  of  Chemulpo, 
have  been  putting  in  an  extended  mining 
and  milling  plant.  Americans  are  said  to 
have  the  best  concessions  in  the  kingdom, 
and  have  done  more  work  than  any  other 
foreign  country  in  developing  the  mineral 
resources  of  Corea.  J.  T.  Forth  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  has  installed  for  the  Ori- 
ental Co.  one  40-stamp  and  one  80  stamp 
mill,  one  of  these  at  Mayburg  mine  and 
the  other  at  Taraco.  The  English  will 
start  up  a  30-stamp  mill  on  their  conces- 
sion next  week. 

KLONDIKE. 

O.  F.  Brenner,  manager  of  the  Klon- 
dike-Detroit Co.,  operating  the  Williams 
concession  on  Hunker  creek,  has  two 
steam  shovels  on  the  road  to  Dawson,  and 
intends  to  bring  Beven  or  eight  if  the  two 
first  prove  a  success.  G.  L.  Taylor,  the 
Indian  river  and  Bonanza  operator,  has 
installed  a  steam  shovel. 

The  Yukon  Council  has  decided  to  allow 
the  miners  a  prior  lien  on  50%  of  the  en- 
tire output  of  the  Klondike  mines.  A 
supplier  of  wood  Is  given  equal  right  with 
a  laborer  on  the  mine  proper  in  the  prior 
lien  on  50%  of  the  output.  A  clause  to 
the  effect  that  labor  may  have  a  lien  on 
50%  of  the  product,  unless  an  agreement 
is  signed  to  the  contrary,  was  stricken 
out.  A  laborer  has  the  right  to  a  Hen  on 
all  the  product  of  the  mine  when  there 
are  no  prior  mortgages  or  other  prior  in- 
cumbrances, but  up  to  50%  of  the  prod- 
uct he  has  priority  over  all  manner  of 
incumbrances. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

J.  Follensby  and  W.  Kraft  have  bought 
the  Nueva  Chihuahua  mine,  near  Chi- 
huahua, for  $50,000,  Mexican,  cash.  The 
property  comprises  forty-four  pertenen- 
clas. 

DURANGO. 

(Special  Correspondence).— Regular  op- 
erations continue  in  the  mines  and  the 
smelter  of  the  Fernando  M.  Co.,  In  the  San 
Fernando  mountains  near  San  Fernando. 
In  the  smelter  are  three  calclners  (two  re- 
verberatorleB  and  one  mechanical— the 
column  and  arms  of  which  are  water- 
cooled  Instead  of  air-cooled)  and  two  re- 


August  1,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


75 


verberatory  smelting  furnaces.  The 
principal  values  In  the  ore  are  In  gold, 
with  copper  and  silver.  After  concentra- 
tion, the  sulphides  are  calcined  and 
smelted  up  to  50%  to  55%  matte,  which 
carries  30  to  35  ounces  gold  and  200  to  300 
ounces  silver.  In  the  mine  the  lowest 
workings  are  through  No.  6  tunnel. 
Preparations  are  being  made  to  sink  from 
this  level,  for  which  an  electric  hoist  la  on 
the  ground.  Electric  power  Is  generated 
by  turbines  operating  under  a  20-foot 
head.  H.  H.  Taft  is  manager. 
San  Fernando,  July  19. 

JALISCO. 

The  Las  Moras  M.  Co.,  G.  E.  McCor- 
mlck,  president,  has  over  3000  feet  of  de- 
velopment on  Its  property  at  Ameca. 
The  ores  are  low-grade  copper,  great 
quantities  being  shown  by  development. 
It  Is  the  intention  to  put  up  a  large  con- 
centrating plant. 

The  Jose  Moreno  mine,  2  miles  south  of 
Guanajuato,  is  reported  sold  for  $325,000. 
R.  Morrison  Is  manager. 

SONORA. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Yaqui 
S.  &  R.  Co.'s  plant,  situated  in  the  foot- 
hills of  the  Sierra  Madres,  on  the  west 
bank  of  the  Yaqul  river,  80  miles  east  of 
Minas  Prletas,  was  visited  by  a  tornado 
on  the  evening  of  July  11,  which  did  great 
damage  to  unfinished  buildings  and  con- 
struction rigging.  Part  of  the  roof  of  the 
large  sliver  refinery  was  destroyed.  Ca- 
bles parted  in  the  riggings,  relieving  the 
main  supports,  and  but  for  prompt  action 
of  the  employes  the  damage  would  have 
been  much  greater.  For  many  months 
the  company  have  had  freight  wagons 
hauling  hundreds  of  tons  of  machinery, 
material,  merchandise  and  supplies  from 
the  railroad,  80  miles  away.  All  of  the 
season's  supplies  have  arrived,  also  most 
of  the  machinery.  The  plant  when  run- 
ning will  have  a  blast  furnace  capacity  of 
125  metric  tons  daily,  while  the  refinery 
will  take  care  of  the  bullion  products  of 
300  tons  of  ore.  The  plant  is  so  arranged 
that  the  smelting  capacity  can  be  in- 
creased by  adding  more  stacks.  The 
plant  is  modern  in  every  detail  and  espe- 
cially designed  to  smelt,  reconcentrate 
and  refine  the  products  of  silver-lead  and 
copper  ores  and  their  by-products.  All 
furnaces  of  whatever  character  are  steel 
water-jacketed  and  provided  with  blast. 
Even  the  furnaces  for  melting  bullion  have 
the  brickwork  Inclosed  within  steel  water 
jackets,  to  protect  the  operator  from  ex- 
cessive heat.  The  smelting  plant  will  be 
equipped  with  machine  Bhop,  electric 
light,  two-story  sampler  and  an  Ice  plant. 
In  addition  to  the  regular  brine  freezing 
tank,  the  plant  will  be  provided  with  a 
water  tank  containing  refrigerating  colls 
to  maintain  the  temperature  of  the  water 
at  nearly  the  freezing  point  to  supply  the 
employes.  As  a  result  of  establishing  a 
large  smelting  and  refining  plant  so  far 
from  the  railway,  In  the  heart  of  the  ex- 
tensive anthracite  coal  and  natural  coke 
fields  of  La  Barranca  and  Pilares,  and  ad- 
jacent to  many  mines,  aggregating  great 
quantities  of  all  kinds  and  characters  of 
ores,  and  where  graphite,  clay,  pure  Iron 
ores  and  limestone  can  be  had  in  unlim- 
ited quantities,  a  great  ore  market  can  be 
built  up.  At  the  present  time  it  costs  on 
an  average  about  $50  per  ton,  United 
States  gold,  for  freight  and  treatment 
charges  on  ores  shipped  out  of  the  coun- 
try, but  with  an  ore  market  established  in 
the  heart  of  the  mineral  belt  the  condi- 
tions will  be  changed  in  favor  of  the 
miner.  The  transportation  expenses  on 
the  ores  to  market  have,  as  a  rule,  re- 
tarded development  work,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  work  on  the  bonanza  mines,  where 
the  ore  wbb  high  grade. 

Toledo,  Sonora,  July  16. 

The  Gold  Treasure  mine,  9  miles  south- 
west of  Naco,  in  San  Jose  mountains,  has 
been  sold  to  the  Arizona  M.  &  D.  Co.  of 
Oklahoma  City,  O.  T.,  which  owns  the 
Gladstone  &  Big  Medicine  property  in 
Colorado.  A  20-stamp  mill  will  be  put  up. 
The  mine  is  within  6  miles  of  the  railroad 
and  has  an  available  supply  of  wood  and 
water. 

It  Is  stated  that  the  Nahuila  group  of 
San  Javier  is  bonded  for  $65,000  gold,  and 
the  Belene  of  San  Javier  for  $75,000.  The 
former  Is  the  property  of  the  Guterrez  M. 
Co.  and  the  latter  of  Flores  Bros. 

The  Congress  of  the  State  has  approved 
the  executive  contract  with  the  Bufa  M. 
&  S.  Co.,  for  the  establishment  of  a  reduc- 
tion plant  in  the  Sahuaripa  district. 

C.  F.  Wren,  of  the  Alsacia  D.  Co.,  is  at 
the  mines  near  Cananea  making  arrange- 
ments for  development  work.  He  says  a 
smelter  will  be  built.  The  mines  are  in 
the  Ajo  mountains,  35  miles  southeast  of 
Cananea,  and  carry  silver,  lead  and  cop- 
per. 

At  Toledo  the  boilers  for  the  Yaqui  S. 
&  R.  Co.  have  arrived.  The  making  of 
fire  brick   has  begun,   says  the  Nogales 

The  Sonora  Dev.  Co.,  E.  S.  W.  Drought 
manager,  at  Nacozari,  has  its  10-stamp 


mill,  5  miles  from  that  place,  almost  com- 
pleted. 

The  new  40-stamp  mill  of  the  Zublate 
M.  Co.  is  completed. 

ZACATECAS. 

The  mines  of  the  Aslentos  district, 
Aguascallentes,  produce  about  400  tons  of 
ore  per  day,  the  value  ranging  from  $30 
to  $55  per  ton.  One  of  the  mines,  the  No 
Pensado,  has  yielded  in  two  years,  it  is 
said,  $250,000  net  profit. 


*4>4>4'4"4<4>4;*64>4'64>4'4"fr&4>4*4<*4<4>4.4,« 

PERSONAL.        ! 

J.  B.  Farish  has  returned  to  Denver, 
Colo.,  from  Mexico. 

F.  L.  Bosqdi  is  examining  cyanide 
propositions  in  Okanogan  county,  Wash. 

J.  Hume  Is  superintendent  of  the  Crown 
Deep  mine  near  Redding,  Shasta  county, 
Cal. 

Geo.  L.  Carr  Is  in  charge  of  the  Yellow 
Rosa  mine,  at  Dorleska,  Trinity  county, 
Cal. 

G.  Snyder  is  in  charge  of  theBalaklala 
copper  mine  of  Shasta  county,  Cal.,  vice 
W.  W.  Adams. 

Former  Gov.  Peck,  of  Wisconsin,  is 
inspecting  mining  interests  In  the  Pearl 
district,  Idaho. 

N.  Sanford  is  superintendent  of  the 
Ruby  mine  at  Forest  City,  Cal.,  vice  R. 
Evans,  resigned. 

D.  M.  Gray  of  the  Canyon  City,  Colo., 
smelter,  is  In  Leadville,  Colo.,  buying  ore 
for  his  company. 

H.  M.  Stanley  is  superintendent  of 
the  Sierra  mine  near  Groveland,  Tuol- 
umne county,  Cal. 

H.  C.  Ermann  of  the  Compromise  M. 
Co.  has  returned  to  Hermosillo,  Mexico, 
from  Nogales,  Ariz. 

S.  Davis  of  Redding,  Cal.,  is  superin- 
tendent of  the  Old  Spanish  G.  M.  Co.,  in 
Shasta  county,  Cal. 

W.  W.  Adams  haB  resigned  as  manager 
of  the  Balaklala  copper  mines  at  Kennett, 
Shasta  county,  Cal. 

Chas  B.  Wores  has  returned  to  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  from  an  examination  of 
Nevada  mining  property. 

W.  H.  Plummer  has  returned  to  Spo- 
kane, Wash.,  from  the  Le  Roy  group, 
near  Elk  City,  Idaho. 

R.  Adams  is  superintendent  of  the 
Quebec  mine  in  the  Blue  Mountain  dis- 
trict, Baker  county,  Or. 

O.  Reuter  of  Chicago,  111.,  is  in  the 
Black  Hills  of  South  Dakota,  investigat- 
ing the  mining  industry. 

H.    FULTON  is  superintendent   of  the 
Pittsburg  Tunnel  M.  Co  in  the  Thunder  | 
Mountain  district,  Idaho. 

.  Geo.  S.  Nixon,  president  of  the  Bos- 
ton-Tonopah  M.  Co.,  of  Tonopah,  Nevada, 
is  In  the  East  on  business. 

J.  Boyd  of  the  Palmer  Mountain  Tun- 
nel Co.,  near  Loomls,  Wash.,  is  in  New 
York  on  mining  business. 

H.  W.  Turner,  E.  M.,  has  returned  to 
San  FranclBco,  Cal.,  from  inspection  of 
mines  in  Trinity  county,  Cal. 

C.  W.  Purington,  who  has  been  ex- 
amining properties  near  Lake  City,  Colo., 
has  returned  to  Denver,  Colo. 

H.  T.  Hendryx  has  returned  to  the 
Victor  mine,  near  Sumpter,  Or.,  from  a 
business  trip  to  Spokane,  Wash. 

W.  J.  Howard  of  New  York  is  in  the 
Blue  Mountain  district,  Baker  county. 
Or.,  to  examine  mining  properties. 

George  C.  Gill,  president  of  the 
Shannon  Copper  Co.,  has  left  Clifton, 
Ariz.,  for  his  home  at  Holyoke,  Mass. 

R.  C.  Legg,  manager  of  the  Uncle  Sam 
mine,  at  Eureka,  Tintic  district,  Utah,  has 
returned  to  the  mine  from  Wyoming. 

C.  M.  Coleman  is  general  manager  of 
the  Keystone  placer  mine  on  the  San 
Miguel  river,  San  Miguel  county,  Colo. 

L.  H.  Carver,  E.  M.,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  returned  from  PlumaB  county, 
Cal.,  where  he  has  been  Inspecting  mines. 

F.  L.  Woodbridge,  treasurer  of  the 
Opal  mine,  near  Chesaw,  Wash.,  has  re- 
turned to  Newark,  Ohio,  from  the  mineB. 

John  Lawler,  owner  of  the  Hillside 
mine,  in  western  Yavapai  county,  Arizona, 
has  returned  to  Prescott  from  the  mine. 

Henry  A.  Salzer  and  A.  Platz  of 
La  CroBse,  Wisconsin,  have  left  the  Gold 
Coin  M.  Co.  's  properties  at  Black  Lake, 
Idaho. 


the  Houghton  Development  Co.,  operat- 
ing the  Solomon  Springs  group,  near 
Blsbee. 

G.  Mauless,  an  ore  buyer  for  the 
American  S.  &  R.  Co.,  has  returned  to  El 
Paso,  Texas,  from  an  extended  trip  In 
Mexico. 

W.  J.  Dooly,  manager  of  the  Johnny 
mine  In  the  Stateline  district,  Utah,  has 
gone  to  Bishop,  Cal ,  to  examine  mining 
property. 

R.  K.  Cameron  of  Chicago,  represent- 
ing the  Allis  -  Chalmers  Co.,  is  investi- 
gating the  Poplar  Creek  gold  fields,  above 
Kaslo,  B.  C. 

Manager  Olmstead  of  the  Stray  Dog 
mines  on  the  Colville  reservation,  near 
Colvllle,  Wash.,  is  In  New  York  on  min- 
ing business. 

J.  Jewell  Is  in  charge  of  the  Kansas 
City  Gold  Reef  M.  Co.'s  properties  on 
Monumental  creek,  in  Thunder  Mountain 
district,  Idaho. 

ROSS  E.  Browne,  E.  M.,  has  returned 
to  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  from  Placer 
county,  Cal ,  where  he  has  been  on  pro- 
fessional business. 

F.  Ray,  manager  of  the  Dixie  group  of 
mines,  near  Sumpter,  Or.,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal ,  for  the  purpose  of  buying  mill- 
ing machinery  for  the  mines. 

R.  Evans,  formerly  superintendent  of 
the  Ruby  mine,  near  Forest  City,  Sierra 
county,  Cal.,  is  now  superintendent  of  the 
Taper  mine,  Plumas  county,  Cal. 

A.  G.  Larson,  E.  M,  of  Rossland, 
B.  C.,  haB  been  engaged  to  examine  the 
Homestake  properties,  south  of  Rossland, 
with  a  view  to  their  further  development. 

B.  Goodwin,  C.  F.  Humphrey,  J. 
Meyers  and  C.  Christiansen,  officers 
of  the  Murchle  Con.  M.  Co.,  were  in  Ne- 
vada City,  Cal.,  last  week,  Inspecting  the 
mine. 

J.  P.  Evans  is  in  charge  of  the  con- 
struction of  the  smelter  at  the  Eva  May 
mine,  owned  by  the  Montana  Mineral 
Land  D.  Co.,  Basin,  Jefferson  county, 
Mont. 

J.  T.  Forth  has  returned  from  the 
mines  of  Corea  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He 
has  been  in  Corea  the  past  three  years 
installing  machinery  for  the  Oriental 
M.  Co. 

G.  Snyder,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
is  manager  of  the  Balaklala  copper  mines 
of  the  Balaklala  Con.  C.  Co.,  at  Kennett, 
Shasta  county,  Cal.,  vice  W.  W.  Adams 
resigned. 

H.  C.  Morgan  of  Cuba,  N.  Y.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Columbia  Menona  mines  in 
the  Savage  Basin,  near  Tellurlde,  Colo., 
and  A.  M.  Wellman  of  Friendship,  N.  Y., 
are  at  Tellurlde. 

C.  H.  Spinks  of  Berkeley,  Cal.,  has 
been  appointed  superintendent  of  the 
Mertell  M.  Co.,  which  Ib  installing  a  plant 
near  Livermore,  Cal.,  to  develop  magne- 
Bite  deposits  there. 

G.  W.  Meyers,  representing  the 
Chrome  Steel  Works  of  Brooklyn,  has  re- 
turned to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  Cala- 
veras county,  and  leaves  for  a  trip  East 
on  business  next  week. 

Geo.  B.  Lee,  superintendent  of  the 
new  smelter  recently  completed  at  Doug- 
las, Ariz.,  by  Phelps,  Dodge  &  Co.  of  New 
York,  is  at  Grand  Forks,  B.  C,  investi- 
gating smelting  methods  at  Granby. 

W.  L.  McLaughlin  is  general  man- 
ager, E.  Marion  superintendent  of  mines, 
C.  C.  Griggs  superintendent  of  mill,  and 
J.  Hartgerlng  master  mechanic,  of  the 
Horseshoe  M.  Co.  of  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

H.  H.  Andrews  is  to  have  charge  of 
the  construction  work  for  the  Oregon 
Electric  P.  Co.,  erecting  the  power  plant 
on  Eagle  creek,  east  of  Baker  City,  Or. 
A.  B.  Frame  is  manager  for  this  company. 

A.  S.  Dwight,  E.  M.,  has  returned  to 
Cananea,  Mexico,  from  Rio  Tinto,  Spain, 
where  he  went  to  investigate  mining  and 
metallurgical  methods  in  vogue  there. 
Mr.  Dwight  is  metallurgist  for  the  Green 
Copper  Co.  of  Cananea. 

C.  H.  White,  E.  M.,  instructor  in  min- 
ing and  metallurgy  at  Harvard  Univer- 
sity, Cambridge,  Mass.,  is  conducting  the 
geology  claBS  through  the  principal  camps 
of  Colorado.  They  will  remain  in  Colo- 
rado until  August  8,  when  they  will  return 
to  Denver  and  thence  East. 


|  Commercial  Paragraphs. 


«- 


The  California  office  of  the  Colorado 
Iron  Works  Co.,  Denver,  Colo.,  is  510-511 
O.   T.   Johnson  Bldg.,  corner  Broadway 
Geo.  E.  Lawton  is  superintendent  of  I  and  Fourth  StB.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


********4"*4>4>***4>4,4>*4>**4,4,4.4,* 

|    Catalogues  Received.     £ 

*-F+****+***.f*.ji**.ii.ii.f..ji.ii.r..j.iji,f.,t,je 

"Assayers'  and  Chemists'  Supplies"  is 
the  title  of  a  312-page  catalogue  7x10 
Inches,  from  the  Denver  Fire  Clay  Co.  of 
Denver,  Colo.,  the  ninth  edition,  with 
new  features,  classified,  illustrated  and 
accompanied  by  detailed  explanation. 
Anything  and  everything  used  by  the 
assayer  or  chemist  is  designed  to  be  duly 
represented,  the  book  being  a  finely 
printed  compendium  of  Information  on 
many  points  of  Interest  to  any  one  con- 
nected with  mining  or  metallurgy.  Part 
I  is  devoted  to  illustrated  description  of 
chemists'  and  assayers'  laboratory  sup- 
plies; Part  II  to  special  chemical  ap- 
paratus for  analytical  work;  Part  III, 
outfits  for  assayers  and  prospectors, 
school  sets  of  chemical  apparatus,  collec- 
tions of  minerals,  models  and  charts,  sci- 
entific books;  Part  IV,  fire  brick,  tile  and 
fire  clay  material;  Part  V,  chemicals  and 
pure  reagents;  Part  VI,  physical  ap- 
paratus. There  Is,  besides,  considerable 
general  information. 


Obituary. 


»*******4j**4j********4j4i***4i* 
* 

Dr.  Wilbur  Clinton  Knight,  pro- 
fessor of  geology  and  mining  engineering 
in  the  Univeisity  of  Wyoming,  and  cura- 
tor of  the  State  Museum,  died  July  29th, 
of  peritonitis,  at  Laramie,  Wyo.  He  was 
born  at  Rochelle,  111 ,  December  13,  1858, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Nebraska. 


New  Patents. 


Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors : 

FOE  WEEK  ENDING  JULY  21,  1903. 

734,212.— Metal  Sign— Ayers  &  Coffee,  Modesto, 

Cal. 
733,936.— Tension  Device- J.  Barrett,  Tombstone, 

Ariz. 
734,397.— Sulphur  Burner H.  Blumenberg,  Jr., 

Daggett,  Cal. 
733,940.— Vehicle    Spring  — F.   Bosch,   Crescent 

City,  Cal. 
734,039.— Bottle— L.  Brand,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
734,400— Cash  Drawer— H.  H.  Chesborough,  Se- 
attle, Wash. 
734,408.— Wrench— H.  G.  Dunston,  Santa  Monica, 

Cal. 
734,056.— Railway  Rail  Joint— J.  W.  Gay,  Soda- 

vllle,  Or. 
734  342  — Napkin  Holder— L.  R.  Le  Lande,  S.  F, 
734,076  — I'iano  Truck— A.  Loeb,  Portland,  Or 
733,983.— Can  Body  Machine— A.  Lotz,  S  F. 
734,237  -GAS  ENGINE— J.  D.  McFarland,  Jr.,  S.  F 
734.238— Depuhator  — A.  W.  Ottignon,   Seattle 

Wash. 
733.996.— Window  Shade— M.  e.  Reilly,  Tacoma, 

Wash. 
733,999.— Plow  —  Richards   &    Gltman,    Tacoma, 

Wash. 
734,243.— Flat  Iron  Stand— Mary  Schubbert,  Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
734,284 Fhuit  Brusher— F.   Stebler,  Riverside, 

Cal. 
734,145 —Pressure    Apparatus  — F.     Swinney, 

Tucson,  Ariz. 
734,021.— Car— Warner  &  Gilman,  Tacoma.  Wash. 
734,110  —Lumber  Drier— g.  X.  Wendling  S.  F. 
734,385.— Water  Gate— L.  Winans,  Hood  River.Or. 


Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention : 

GAS  Engines.— No.  734,237.  July  21,  1903.  J.  D. 
McFarland,  Jr,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  One-half  as- 
signed to  John  Bruckman,  of  same  place.  This 
invention  relates  to  improvements  in  explosive 
engines  in  which  the  cylinders  are  mounted  radi- 
ally with  relation  to  an  axis  and  in  which  their 
piston  rods  a-e  connected  to  a  shaft  eccentric  to 
this  axis.  One  object  of  the  invention  is  to  obvi- 
ate the  leakage  of  gas  and  loss  of  power  usual  in 
the  engines  in  which  the  in  et  and  exhaust  valves 
are  located  contiguous  to  the  crank  shaft  and 
wherein  the  admission  and  exhaust  take  place  at 
the  inner  end  of  the  cylinders.  Another  object  is 
to  confine  the  attachment  of  the  piston  rods  to  the 
crank  shaft  within  the  narrowest  possible  limits 
and  to  provide  for  take  up  when  tnese  bearing 
parts  have  become  worn.  These  improvements 
are  applicable  either  to  an  oscillating  or  revolving 
cylinder  engine. 

Metal  Signs— No.  734,212.  July  21, 1903.  EL. 
Asers  and  Wm.  F.  Coffee,  i  f  Modesto,  Cal.  Ayers 
assigned  interest  to  Coffee.  The  objeot  of  this  in- 
vention is  to  provide  an  Indestructible  sign  suited 
particularly  for  use  in  indicating  localities,  direc- 
tions and  distances  along  highways.  A  further 
object  is  to  provide  a  form  which  will  hold  a  plu- 
rality of  sets  of  directions  Indicating  as  many 
different  places,  distances,  etc.,  and  which  will 
admit  of  one  set  or  any  letter  or  part  thereof  being 
removed  or  replaced  at  any  time  without  having 
to  dismantle  the  entire  sign.  A  sign  board  of  this 
character  is  not  liable  to  injury  or  defacement  by 
vandals  and  is  practically  indestructible. 


76 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  1,  1903. 


Latest   Tlarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  July  31,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
26j\d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver,  54Jc,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  64£c;  Mexican  dollars,  42|c 
San  Francisco,  42Jc  New  York. 

Silver  shows  no  appreciable  change 
since  last  week,  though  somewhat  higher 
during  the  week  than  the  above  quota- 
tion. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.25;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.00@13.25; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $l3.62i@13.76; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $12.75;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $13.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £57  7s  spot  per 
ton. 

Copper  shows  a  still  further,  though 
slight,  decline.  There  is  no  new  or  un- 
usual feature  in  the  copper  market. 

Following  are  the  figures  of  the  German 
consumption  of  foreign  copper  for  the 
months  January-May,  1903,  compared 
with  the  same  period  of  1902  and  1901,  in 
tons: 

1903.         1902.  1901. 

Imports 36,223        33,971        27,344 

Exports 4,739  3,748         3,783 


Consumption  .31,484        30,223        23,561 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.25;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6J,  sheet  6,  bar  5Jc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  5s  per  long  ton=2.75c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $5.87J;  St. 
Louis,  $4.85  ;  London,  £20  2s  6d  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6}c;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
9|c;  Hallett's,  8}c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  10c ;  300  to  500  lbs.,  lie;  100-lb. 
lots,  13@16c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $27.25@27.50; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  291c:  500  lbs.,  30c; 
200  fcs.,  30Jc;  less,  31c;  bar  tin,  $  ft,  32Jc 
@35c.    London,  £125  5s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  FranclBco,  crude, 
$18.00  K  oz.;  New  York,  Ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44.50® 
46.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  $  flask  of  7<SJ  8>s.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.50. 

BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots 
19£c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-tb 
lots,  16c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  $  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $19  50 
@19.85;  gray  forge,  $18  60;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  f>  tb.,  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$28.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $29  00; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $20.00@22  00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakeB,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
©32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.50;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3  60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germanla,  S2.50  @  2. 75; 
Hewmoor,  $2.90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2.50@2.75  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1,  70%  nltro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  15{c;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
ISJc.  No.  1*»  50%,  carload  lots,  ll|c;  less 
than  one  ton,  13}c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
in  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s., 
10ic$set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  9Jc. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 


98%-99%,  jobbing,  24@25e  #ft.:  carloads, 
23@24}c;  In  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  $  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  2J(32|c  IB 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3(a) 3 1c  ^  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  Sl.25@-1.50  'f,  100 fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash.  10c  In 
40-ft  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c  H  ft. ; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2@ 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2@3c;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2*c: 
sulphide  of  iron,  9c  K  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
5@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2  50@2.75 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  2Jc 
$».;  nitric  acid,  in  carboys,  8c  $  lb. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  In  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  per  ft.,  61c;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  1c  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  1c  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  61c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6e  per 
ft .   No.  1,  4®5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,    7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  1ft  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnltrate,  per  ft.,  $1.60. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  1ft  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  1ft  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  1ft  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $  ft.,  $3.60. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  1ft  ft  , 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


P ~*\ 

HELP    WANTED. 
>-  ■* 


Required  for  Copper 
Mines  in  Arizona 

employing  about  250  men,  you*>g  mining  engineer 
of  good  technical  education  and  some  exoerience 
In  mining  and  mecbutics,  to  act  as  assistant  to 
superintendent.  Address  SHANNON  COPPER 
CO  ,  cliftoD,  Ariz. 


Three  ent're  floors  of  our  spicious  new 
bui  ding  dt  voted  entirely  to  show  samples 
of  of f  ce  furniture.  Call  and  s^e  the  latest 
style  desks  and  other  labor-,  aving  con- 
ven  ences. 


ILi-LixJI 

is 

IBS 

11        " 

'  *~^M 

Office  and  Bank  Fixtures 

A  SPECIALTY. 

ESTIMATES     FURNISHED. 
Call  on  Us  or  Send  for  Catalog.      It  Will  Pay  You. 

Geo.  H.  Fuller  Desk  Co., 

646-650  MISSION  ST.,  SAN  FRANCISCO. 


Montana  State  School  of  Mines, 

BUTTE,  MONTANA, 

AND 

Four-Year  Courses  in  Mining  Engineering  an 
Electrical  Engineering. 
Fall  Semester  opens  September  14th,  1803. 
For  Catalogues  or  other  information,  address 
N.  R.  LEONARD,  President. 


COPPER     MINES 

Near  two  railroads;  300-ft.  vein;  large  amount  of 
ore  shipped;  area  M  mile  hy  %  mile.  A  good  in- 
terest will  be  given  for  300  to  500  ft.  working  shaft, 
or  diamond  drill  work.  Address  Agent,  this  office. 


SITUATIONS  WANTED. 
U J 


ASSAYER    AND    CYANIDE    MILLMAN    DE- 
slres  position.     References.     Address  "As- 
sayer,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


CHEMIST    AND    ASSAYER    DESIRES    POSI- 
tion   in  mine  or   refinery.    No  objection   to 
foreign  countries.    Address  V.J.H.,  this  office. 


EXPERT  DIAMOND  DRILL  FOREMAN  AND 
Setter  of  twenty  years'  experience  in  various 
parts  of  the  world.  At  present  employed,  t-ut  de- 
sires change  and  a  permanent  position  in  the 
WeBt.  Can  bring  one  or  two  operators  as  desired. 
Address  "Diamond,"  this  office. 


PRST-CLASS    WINING     AND     LAND    SUR- 
veyor.  Draughtsman,   etc.,   desires  position. 
Address  H.  W  K.,  Box  74,  Long  Beach,  Wash. 


MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cvanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  '■Mininp,"  this  office. 


MINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
at  present  general  manager  of  a  large  mining 
concern  in  Mexico,  desires  to  ohange  his  posi- 
tion Would  need  four  months'  notice.  Address 
F.B.A.S.,  care  of  ihis  office. 


WANTED  —  POSITION  BY  EXPERIENCED 
Mil] man;  18  years'  experience  in  operating 
jigs,  Frue  v*nners  and  Wilflpy  tables.  Best  refer- 
tnces  furnished.  Address  F.  L.,  care  of  this  office. 


TO  COPPER  MEN 

An  experienced  copper  metallurgist  would  ar- 
range to  change  from  present  engagement  upon 
suitable   epresen<alions 

Is  thoroughly  'amiliar  with  all  details  of  opera- 
tion of  large  smelting  plants,  the  handling  of 
labor,  etc.,  and  would  consider  a  proposition  to 
engage  as  superintendent  or  metallurgist  of  plant 
already  in  operation,  or  to  design  and  erect  con- 
templated works,  or  act  as  consulting  engineer. 

In  replying  please  gi>e  as  fully  as  consistent 
details  of  location,  salary,  proposed  terms  of  con- 
tract, etc  ,  which  will  be  treated  as  strictly  con- 
fidential. 

Address  "Amargosa,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 


CAPABLE  ENGINEER  OF  GOOD  STANDING 
and  experience  would  like  to  purchase  an  in- 
terest in  an  established  engineering  business- 
mining  or  civil.  Only  a  business  capable  of  ex- 
pansion and  doing  high  grade  work  is  desired. 
Address  "Experience,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 


WANTED-MILL    TAILINGS, 

Gold,  silver  or  lead,  in  New  Mexico,  Arizona  or 
oid  Mexico.  Will  buy  or  lease.  Give  location, 
quantity  and  value.  A.  E.  VAN  VELSAN,  TeLlu- 
rlde,  Colorado     Box  181. 

Backing:  Desired  to  Look  Up 
Mining  Properties. 

References  exchanged.     AddresB  "R",  this  office. 


WOTED — Hitrate  of  Soda  Deposits  on  the 
Pacific  Coast. 

Address  "Nitrate,"  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


WRITE    TO    US 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL     MEN 

For  all  classes  of  work. 
SOOO  poBltlODB  filled  In  10  years. 

Engineering  Agency 

210  Monadnock  Block,  CHICAGO. 


FOR  SALE.        1 
t -< 


FOR  SALE  -Establishel  Custom  Assay  Office  la 
Yreka,  Gonnty  S.at  of  Siskiyou. 

<~heap  for  cash.      A  snap       Reason  for  selling- 
affected  eyes.  Address  Alden  J.  Steele,  Yreka,  Cal. 


FOR  SALE.— Good  interest  in  a  copper  and  gold 
property;  160  acres,  near  R.  R.  in  California 
Large  quantity  of  ore  shipped:  last  shipment  25.45% 
copper,  $9  50  gold  and  silver.  Fine  ore  supply  One- 
half  purchase  price  from  mine,  balance  easy  cash 
payments.  Fine  property  for  incorporation.  Ad- 
dress "Manager,"  this  offloe. 

Tonopah  Claims  for  Sale. 

I  have  several  good  prospects  for  sale,  located 
in  known  mineral  belt  in  Tonopah  mining  distriot. 
Groups  suitable  for  incorporation.  Claims  S100.0C 
to  $250.00  each.    Correspondence  solicited. 

Address    WALTER  OSBORN, 

BOX  309,  TONOPAH,  NEVADA 


L1LLOOEF,   FRA8ER   BITER   St   CARIBOO 

GOLD    FIELD  4,     LIMITED. 

In  Liquidation. 

List   of    Properties   to    Be    Sold   by   Private 

Tender,  Pursuant  to  the  Directions 

of  the  Liquidators. 

Trout  Lake  Mining  Dlvlilon. 

ALPHA  GB<»DP  (better  bnown  as  "Broadview 
Group"),  comprising  9  Crown-granted  mineral 
olaims.  or  fractional  claims,  situated  on  Great 
Northern  mountain,  above  Ferguson,  B.  C,  to- 
gether with  two  blocks  of  lard,  namely :  Lot  1144, 
Bituated  just  west  of  Ferguson  townsite.  and  lot 
3449,  situated  about  2  miles  northeasterly  from 
Ferguson  on  ihe  North  Fork  of  Lardeau  river,  at 
the  foot  of  Great  Northern  mountain. 

LANDS  situated  on  Galena  Bay  Upper  Arrow 
Lake.  Three  blocks  of  land  comprising,  in  all, 
about  650  acres. 

Bon*  land  Camp. 

The   "CITY    OF    8POK4NE"   and   "NORTH 

STAR"  mineral  olaims,  together  with  the  build- 
ings and  equipment  thereon. 

Boundary  District. 

The  '  NETA"  mineral  claim,  Crown-granted, 
situated  in  what  is  known  as  "Brown's  Camp," 
and  the*'UU*BKN  of  spaDkS"  mineral  claim, 
Crown-granted,  s'tuated  in  what  is  Inown  as 
"Central  Camp." 

Illficlllewaet  Mining  D  vlnl<  n 

The  LANARK  GROUP,  comprising  15  Crown- 
granted  mirjernl  claims,  or  fractional  claims,  sit- 
uated on  the  main  line  of  the  Canadian  Pacific 
railway ,  near  Illecillewaet,  B.  C. 

Parties  desiring  to  put  in  a  tender  fcr  anyone  or 
more  of  the  above  mentioned  properties  should 
have  their  engineer  on  ihe  ground,  and  examina- 
tion made,  without  delay. 

Further  particulars  and  conditions  of  sale  and 
forms  of  tender  (which  are  to,  be  t>erit  in  not  later 
tban  August  15th,  iwi.lt  may  be  obtained  gratis 
of  the  Liquidators,  College  Hill  Chambers,  College 
Hil',  London,  E.  C,  and  J.  V.  Armstrong,  Revel- 
stoke,  British  Columbia. 

Dated  June  15  b,  1903.  Jul?  31. 


DON'T  BUY 

MINING    STOCKS 

UNTIL  YOn  SEE  OUR  LOW  QUOTATIONS 
on  the  storks  of  a  thousand  companies.  We 
will  send  FREE  ON  APPLICATION  our 

SPECIAL  PRICE  LIST. 

We  Pay  Cash  for  Bargains. 
CATLIN  &  POWELL  CO., 

Ho    »44,  3S  Wall  St..  HEW  YORK. 


fiE 


"^SPillP^   Teleor aphWi  ; 


Wire  fir  Wire  Specialties 
Woven  Wire  Fencing 


WIRE  RDPEI 


.PACIFIC  5TEELANDW1RECQ, 


OpnCE.-  WORKS: 

5AN  fRANCl  SCO  -  Oakland.Ca 


Whole  No.  2246.— ^"n^"""1        SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  8.  1903. 


TIJKKK  DOLLARS  PBB  ANNUM. 
Blnajle  Ooplei,  Ten  OentB. 


The  Ingenious  Prospector. 

The  average  prospector  is  a  man  of  original  ideas, 
and  often  very  good  ones.  If  they  do  not  always 
bear  the  stamp  which  characterizes  the  work  of 
the  trained  engineer,  the  prospector's  mechanical 
schemes  usually  are,  at  least,  thoroughly  practical 
and  show  the  possession  of  a  good  fund  of  that  very 
desirable  capital,  good  sense.  He  is  a  man  who  can 
generally  adapt  himself  to  varied  and  often  adverse 
circumstances  and  conditions.  About  the  only  thing 
that  is  "  too  much  for  him  "  when  funds  are  low  is  a 
volume  of  water  with  which  he  cannot  successfully  con- 
tend with  limited  resources,  but  it  is  often  a  matter  of 
surprise  to  see  the  amount  of  water  he  can  take  care 
of  with  makeshift  arrangements.  The  "jackhead" 
pump  is  a  favorite  with  him,  and  he  can  build  one  if 
needs  be,  provided  he  can  secure  the  necessary  mate- 
rials and  tools.  If  he  cannot  do  this,  he  bails  vigor- 
ously as  long  as  he  can  make  headway  in  sinking,  but 
not  infrequently  he  is  obliged  to  give  up  the  unequal 
contest  by  reason  of  lack  of  means  to  secure  better 
machinery.  He  constructs  his  head  frame  of  peeled 
round  poles,  if  he  cannot  afford  to  buy  sawed  lumber. 
The  structure  may  not  be  a  "thing  of  beauty,"  but 
it  is  substantial  and  usually  answers  every  require- 
ment. Unable  to  buy  boiler  and  engine,  he  builds  a 
water  wheel  with  his  own  hands  and  turns  to  his  use 
and  benefit  the  natural  power  of  a  neighboring 
stream  or  ditch.  To  the  crank  of  the  overshot  wheel 
he  attaches  his  "jackhead."  The  wheel  may  also  be 
utilized  to  hoist  rock  from  the  shaft,  or  even  to  run 
a  mill. 

In  the  early  days  of  California  mining  overshot 
wheels  were  to  be  seen  throughout  the  mining  re- 
gion, and  some  of  these  were  of  great  size — as  large 
as  60  feet  diameter—though  usually  28  to  32  feet. 
These  developed  a  greater  or  less  amount  of  power, 
according  to  diameter  and  width  of  the  breast.  They 
are  still  in  evidence  in  numerous  isolated  places,  min- 
ing arrastras,  pumps,  mills  and  hoists. 

For  ventilation  he  employs  all  sorts  of  devices — 
home-made  fans,  water  blasts  and  air  sails,  or  drives 
an  upraise  to  secure  natural  ventilation.  He  is  "  onto 
all  the  tricks  of  the  trade"  and  knows  how  to  apply 
them.  The  result  is  not  always  success — that  is, 
financial  success — but  he  makes  headway,  and  no  one 
can  deny  that  he  makes  a  mechanical  success,  and  he 
does  it  with  a  minimum  of  capital  other  than  practi- 
cal ideas  and  willing,  skillful  hands. 

The  accompanying  illustration  shows  clearly  the 


'%*: 


Typical  Prospectors'  Head  Frames  and  Outfit. 


equipment  of  a  mine  with  a  home-made  outfit.  The 
head  frames  are  constructed  of  round,  peeled  pine 
poles.  A  little  lumber  has  been  used  in  building  the 
ore  bin,  flume  and  wheel,  but  none  has 
been  wasted.  The  "  direct-acting  "  jack- 
head  may  be  seen  at  the  left  shaft,  the 
rod  near  the  top  of  the  triangular 
structure  (the  bob)  running  back  to  the 
wheel  crank.  The  water  that  runs  the 
wheel  is  piped  across  the  valley  and  is 
carried  up  to  the  top  box  through  the 
pipe  shown  in  the  illustration.  The  shafts 
are  provided  with  surface  aprons  to  insure 
the  safety  of  men  below  when  the  bucket 
is  being  dumped,  and  everything  is  ar- 
ranged in  workmanlike  manner.  The  en- 
tire plant  shows  ingenuity  and  practical 
sense,  and  is  a  fair  illustration  of  what 
may  be  done  by  a  man  having  these  with 
limited  ready  cash.    This  is  only  a  single 


example  of  the  ingenuity,  perseverance  and  ability  of 
the  prospector  to  combat  adverse  conditions,  and 
the  mining  industry  owes  much  to  him. 


Ten-Stamp  Mill  at  La  Cumbre,  Packed  in  by  Mules. 


Upper  Tunnels  of  Los  Angeles  Mine,  Cebollitos,  Mexico. 


La  Leona  Vein  at  Rincon  de  Alisos,  Chihuahua,  Mexico. 
(See  page  83.) 


Mining  Town  of  La  Cumbre;  Waste  Dump  Clemencia  Mine. 


78 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 
TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771 . 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

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Ai:  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 

Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postofice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  Offices: 
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Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block. 


Denver,  606  Mack  Block. 


J.  F.  HAIXORAN Publisher 


San  Francisco,  August  8,  J  903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  Fage- 

Typical  Prospectors'  Head  Frames  and  Outfit 77 

Ten-Stamp  Mill  at  La  Cumbre,  Packed  in  by  Mu!es 77 

Upper  Tunnels  ot  Los  Angeles  Mine,  Cebollitos,  Mexico 77 

La  Leona  "Vein  at  Rincon  de  Alisos,  Chihuahua,  Mexico 77 

Mining  Town  of  La  Cumbre;  Waste  Dump  Clemencla  Mine 77 

Percentages  of  Copper,  Silver,  Iron,  Sulphur,  Etc 80 

The  Hambric  Separator  at  Zeila  Slimes  Plant 83 

One  of  the  Pieces  of  Experimental  Apparatus 84 

Locke  Automatic  Shut-off  Valve 85 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 87 

editorial: 

The  Ingenious  Prospector 77 

Result  of  Violence 78 

Mine  Sampling 78 

MINING   SUMMARY 88-89-90-91 

latest  market  reports 92 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 79 

Desulphurizing  Slimes  by  Heap  Roasting 80 

Submarice  Ore  Mines 80 

Relative  Elimination  of  Impurities  in  Bessemerizlng  Copper 

Matte 80 

Iron  and  Steel  Imports 81 

A  Motor-Driven  Mine  Hoist 81 

Some  Observations  on  Alaska  and  the  Northwest  Territory  — 81 

Chlorine  Smelting,  With  Electrolysis 82 

Spitzfeasten  and  Sp' tzlutten 83 

Direct  Steam  Ore  Stamps 83 

The  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  District,  Chihuahua,  Mexico 83 

Tangential  Water  Wheel  Efficiencies 84 

Locke  Automatic  Shut-off  Valve ■. 85 

Real  Values  in  Mine  Management 85 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 86 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 87 

Personal 92 

Commercial  Paragraphs 92 

Books  Received 92 

Catalogues  Received 92 

New  Patents 92 


Result  of  Violence. 

The  miners  who  were  ordered  out  of  Idaho  Springs, 
Colo.,  by  a  committee  of  citizens  for  alleged  partici- 
pation in  the  blowing  up  of  the  transformer  house  of 
the  Sun  and  Moon  mine,  near  that  city,  have  appealed 
to  Governor  Peabody  for  military  protection;  but  the 
Governor  has  replied  that  the  expelled  miners  must 
seek  redress  in  the  courts  of  Clear  Creek  county,  as 
he  has  no  jurisdiction.  A  recent  meeting  of  the 
"  Citizens'  Alliance  "  of  Idaho  Springs  has  fully  en- 
dorsed the  action  of  the  "  Citizens'  Protective 
League"  in  driving  out  the  union  miners  who  are 
accused  of  having  been  implicated  in  the  destruction 
of  the  mining  plant  of  the  Sun  and  Moon  Mining  Com- 
pany. The  men  composing  the  Alliance  are  the 
leading  merchants  and  citizens  of  that  town,  as  well 
as  mining  operators  and  owners,  and  they  have  thus 
plainly  evidenced  their  disapproval  of  any  act  of 
violence  on  the  part  of  the  striking  Miners'  Union  in 
its  attempt  to  gain  a  desired  point  in  its  strike. 
While  it  is  unlikely  that  were  a  vote  to  be  taken 
by  any  miners'  union  on  a  proposition  to  injure  any 
mine  officer,  or  to  destroy  any  mine  plant, 
such  action  would  be  favored  by  the  union 
men,  yet  they  are  collectively  held  morally  responsi- 
ble for  the  independent  acts  of  the  lawless  members 
of  their  organization,  and  if  they  care  for  and  de- 
sire to  win  the  sympathy  and  moral  support  of  the 
community  in  which  they  live,  they  must  watch  vigi- 
lantly to  prevent  any  such  demonstration  as  that  at 
Idaho  Springs,  for  such  acts  are  obnoxious  not  only 
to  the  fair-minded  people  of  the  section  where  these 
atrocities  are  committed,  but  to  the  entire  civilized 
world.  

THE  attempts  made  by  novices  to  write  mining 
reports  are  often  amusing.  In  a  report  re- 
cently issued  for  a  gold  mine,  the  writer  artlessly 
informs  stockholders,  actual  and  prospective — par- 
ticularly the  latter — that  forty-five  tons  are  being 
crushed  daily,  and  the  mill  is  described  as  having  one 
automatic  feeder,  with  two  rock  breakers.  In  an- 
other paragraph  is  the  statement  that  a  platform  is 
being   built,    covered   with  2-inch   plank,   on  which 


it  is  intended  to  set  the  hoist  and  the  two 
rock  breakers.  These,  and  similarly  absurd  state- 
ments, clearly  show  that  the  management  and 
direction  of  the  business  of  the  mine  is  in  the  hands 
of  inexperienced  men. 


fline  Sampling. 

On  page  80  of  the  issue  of  July  18  of  a  New  York 
contemporary  appears  a  communication  on  the  sub- 
ject of  mine  sampling  from  an  engineer,  resident  in 
Washington,  D.  C,  in  which  occurs  the  following: 

"  The  valuation  of  a  block  of  ore  being  based  on 
assay  results,  it  is  well  to  consider  how  these  results 
should  be  used.  The  common  method  is  to  multiply 
each  assay  value  by  the  width  of  ore  at  the  point 
where  the  sample  was  taken,  adding  up  the  resulting 
"  foot  dollars  "  and  striking  an  average  to  be  used 
with  the  tonnage  of  each  block  to  give  the  total 
value.  In  still  more  accurate  work  two  assays  are 
made  of  each  sample,  and  these  are  averaged. 
Another  way,  and  one  which  has  given  very  reliable 
results,  is  to  average  the  values  of  two  adjacent  sam- 
ples and  multiply  the  result  of  the  average  of  the  two 
widths  of  the  vein;  the  product  is  to.be  used  as  the 
value  of  that  particular  part  of  the  ore  block  ;  the 
result  is  quite  different  from  that  obtained  by  the 
first  method,  as  will  be  seen  below: 

Width 2      (6)    10    (6.5)      3      (2)      1    (5.5)      10 

Value $20(111)    $2    ($10)  $18  ($14)    10    ($20)    $30 

The  average  is  $85,  using  the  first  method,  and 
$67.25  using  the  last." 

An  analysis  of  the  above  shows  serious  mistakes  in 
statements  and  deductions.  The  so-called  "aver- 
ages "  are  not  averages  at  all.  Then,  too,  it 
would  be  a  mathematical  impossibility  to  find  an 
average  value  of  $85,  or  of  $67.25,  when  the  highest 
ore  value  in  the  samples  taken  was  but  $30.  The 
method  of  averaging  two  adjoining  values  and  divid- 
ing by  the  average  of  two  adjoining  widths  does  not 
produce  the  same  result  as  when  they  are  taken 
separately — note  figures  above  in  parenthesis.  This 
discrepancy  is  pointed  out  by  the  author  of  the 
Washington  article,  yet  it  is  referred  to  in  his  arti- 
cle as  "another  way,  and  one  which  has  given  reli- 
able results,"  which  is  absurd. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  samples  given  in  the 
article  referred  to  have  been  averaged  by  multiply- 
ing the  several  values  by  their  respective  widths, 
and  then  dividing  by  the  number  of  samples  taken 
instead  of  the  total  number  of  feet  sampled,  which 
accounts  for  the  very  high  "average." 

If  mines  were  sold  on  samples  taken  and  averaged 
in  this  manner,  it  would  not  be  surprising  to  find 
such  a  mine  fall  short  of  the  anticipations  of  the  buy- 
ers in  the  mill  run,  or  by  smelter  returns. 

Seldom  does  this  journal  notice  such  things,  for  we 
are  ordinarily  too  busily  engaged  in  a  more  or  less 
successful  effort  to  keep  errors  out  of  our  own  col- 
umns to  devote  any  time  to  the  mistakes  of  others, 
but  when  a  case  so  ridiculously  misleading  as  the 
one  above  cited  comes  to  notice,  it  seems  necessary 
to  call  attention  to  so  flagrant  an  error,  though  it  is 
scarcely  likely  that  practical  men  would  fall  into  a 
similarly  foolish  assumption.  Common  sense  is  an 
attribute  that  the  practical  miner  is  supposed  to 
have,  but  it  is  equally  essential  in  other  walks  of  life. 

It  may  be  appropriate  to  append  a  few  sugges- 
tions on  mine  sampling  and  averaging  of  values. 

No  branch  of  the  work  of  the  mining  engineer  re- 
quires more  careful  consideration,  painstaking  labor 
and  systematic  application  of  method  than  the  sam- 
pling of  a  mine.  The  man  to  whose  lot  the  investiga- 
tion of  a  mine  may  fall  owes  much  to  his  employer, 
and  a  great  deal  to  himself,  and  he  cannot  afford  to 
take  anything  "for  granted;"  but  he  must  prove 
everything,  and  prove  it  beyond  a  doubt.  Whether 
his  commission  is  to  examine  for  buyer  or  seller,  the 
proposition  is  essentially  the  same.  His  business  is 
to  investigate  for  facts,  and,  having  secured  the 
facts,  to  present  them  to  his  client  in  a  form  devoid 
of  confusing  terms — destitute  of  mathematical  jug- 
glery and  free  from  a  "  system  of  averages  "  which 
do  not  average.  Moreover,  the  truth — the  whole 
truth — must  be  told,  not  partially,  but  wholly.  If 
good  ore  exists,  the  engineer  should  so  state,  giving 
its  value,  location  and  amount,  as  far  as  is  rationally 
possible  to  measure  and  estimate.  If  there  be  poor 
ore,  it  should  be  treated  with  equal  fairness.     Noth- 


ing which  has  any  bearing  on  the  economic  operation 
of  the  mine  should  be  omitted  from  the  report. 

Mines  are  of  such  various  character  that  it  is  im- 
possible to  sample  all  mines  in  the  same  manner.  The 
ideal  mine  to  sample  by  hand  is  that  one  which  has  a 
vein  of  moderate  width,  where  the  values  are  distrib- 
uted with  approximate  evenness,  the  ore  neither  so 
soft  as  to  crumble  nor  so  hard  as  to  fly  like  flint  un- 
der a  blow  from  the  hammer  ;  where  channels  of  eveD 
depth  and  width  may  be  cut  with  a  pick,  and  where 
all  exposed  faces  are  within  easy  reach.  Such  is  the 
ideal,  but  they  are  rare.  The  various  conditions  met 
in  underground  workings  must  be  dealt  with  accord- 
ing to  their  kind.  It  is  never  safe  to  assume  that  an 
old  exposure  fairly  represents  the  ore  immediately 
back  of  it,  for  in  a  dry  mine  the  exposed  face  is  usu- 
ally covered  with  dust,  and  in  a  wet  one  mud  is  usu- 
ally plastered  all  over  the  back  and  sides  of  drifts  or 
other  workings,  in  depth  from  a  film  to  a  half  inch  or 
more.  This  must  affect  the  sample  to  a  greater  or 
less  extent,  dependent  somewhat  upon  its  relation  to 
the  size  of  the  sample.  In  any  case  the  face  should 
be  cleaned,  either  by  cutting  a  preliminary  channel 
or  by  blasting  off  the  exposure  by  a  series  of  "  pop 
shots."  It  is  not  often  necessary  to  "pop  shoot"  a 
face  for  samples,  but  a  clean  face  may  be  obtained  in 
this  manner. 

A  canvas  of  liberal  dimensions  is  indispensable  in 
hand  mine  sampling,  as  it  catches  all  of  the  sample, 
if  properly  placed.  When  the  ore  is  wet  and  sticky 
as  it  falls  upon  the  canvas,  all  of  the  ore  broken 
down  fox  a  sample  should  be  placed  in  a  sack  and 
taken  outside  the  mine  for  reducing  the  pieces  to 
smaller  size  and  "quartering  down."  After  trans- 
ferring the  sample  from  the  canvas  to  the  sack  the 
canvas  should  be  cleaned  as  thoroughly  as  possible 
by  vigcrously  shaking,  or,  if  necessary,  by  turning  a 
stream  of  water  upon  it.  Several  sheets  of  canvas 
may  be  necessary.  These  cost  but  a  few  dollars, 
very  much  less  than  the  wine  that  is  an  accompani- 
ment of  many  mining  deals.  Some  engineers  provide 
tin  boxes  in  which  to  place  samples.  When  a  large 
sum  of  money  is  involved  in  the  possible  transfer  of 
the  property  a  steel  safe  would  probably  be  better. 
As  hand  samples  carefully  taken  seldom  weigh  less 
than  five  pounds  and  often  fifty  pounds  each,  it  is 
obviously  inconvenient  to  provide  suitable  metallic 
boxes  for  each  large  sample,  but  as  the  several 
samples  are  secured,  sacked  and  tied  up,  they  should 
be  placed  in  the  care  of  a  responsible  man  in  the 
employ  of  the  engineer. 

When  the  samples  have  been  taken  and  the  assays 
made  on  them  there  still  remains  the  responsible 
task  of  estimating  the  value  of  the  "  ore  in  sight," 
and  of  the  "  probable  ore"  and  "  possible  ore."  The 
meaning  and  application  of  these  several  terms  have 
been  so  frequently  discussed  herein  before,  that  it 
seems  unnecessary  to  say  more  about  them  here. 

Each  sample  should  be  given  a  number  (a  running 
number  preferred),  to  avoid  confusion,  and  each  sam- 
ple number  should  be  accompanied  by  the  width  of 
vein  or  streak  sampled,  for  without  these  the  work 
of  the  sampler  is  of  no  practical  value.  The  simplest 
way  to  arrive  at  average  and  aggregate  values  is  to 
assume  that  each  foot  in  width  sampled  represents 
one  ton  of  ore,  as  the  ton  is  the  basis  or  unit  of  all 
calculations  of  cost  of  mining,  transportation  and 
milling.  By  multiplying  the  width  in  feet  by  the 
assay  value  of  the  sample  the  product  may  be  as- 
sumed to  represent  the  value  of  as  many  tons  of 
ore  as  there  were  feet  sampled  at  that  place. 
Where  several  sample  values  are  to  be  averaged  it 
may  be  done  by  multiplying  the  several  widths  in 
feet  by  their  respective  assay  values,  adding  these 
several  products  together  and  dividing  by  the  num- 
ber of  feet  (tons).  The  following  may  be  taken  as 
an  example  : 

Number 101        102        103        104        105 

Width 2'        1.5'         6'         3'  V 

Value $10        $20         $5        $12         $8 

Assuming  that  No.  101  represents  2  feet  of  $10  ore 
we  have  2  tons  of  $10  ore  =  $20. 

No.  102  represents  li  feet  of  $20  ore,  or  13  ton  at 
$20  =  $30;  No.  103,  6  tons  at  $5  =  $30;  No.  104,  3 
tons  at  $12  =  $36;  No.  105,  4  tons  at  $8=  $32. 

Averaging  the  above  there  is  found  to  be  a  total 
width  sampled  of  16.5  feet,  representing  16.5  tons  of 
ore  containing  a  total  value  of  $148,  or  an  average  of 
$8.97  per  ton. 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


7« 


9 S 

CONCENTRATES. 

b o 


Where  corundum  Is  found  mixed  with  Impurities, 
the  mineral  may  be  separated  from  Its  gangue  and 
accompanying  minerals  by  careful  concentration. 
* 
Calorie  la  the  name  given  the  unit  af  beat  measure- 
ment. In  chemistry  the  heat  unit  Is  the  quantity  of 
heat  required  to  raise  a  gram  of  water  from  0°  C.  (freez- 
ing point  F.)  to  1°  C. 

* 

The   mineral  sample  from   Borate,    San    Bernardino 
county,  Cal.,  Is  silicate  of  alumina  and   magnesia,  with 
some  sodium  chloride:   no  niter  or  borax.     The   rock  Is 
essentially  clay,  with  a  little  common  salt. 
* 
A  "GLORY  hole  "  is  the  name  given  by  miners  to  an 
open  cut  where  the  ore  broken  passes  downward  through 
an  upraise  to  workings  below,  and   from   there  sent  out 
of  the  mine  either  through  a  tunnel  or  shaft. 
* 
California  mines  are  almost  entirely  at  an  altitude 
of  less  than  7000  feet;  Colorado  mines  are  almost  entirely 
above  that  altitude,  mostly  between  9000  and  12,000  feet. 
The  Mt.  Lincoln  mine,  Colorado,  Is  over  14,000  feet  above 
the  sea. 

* 
AS  maDy  machine  drills  may  be  employed  In  sinking  a 
shaft  as  can  be  conveniently  used,  but  In  three-com- 
partment shafts  of  liberal  dimensions  not  more  than  four 
machines  can  be  used  to  advantage— two  bars  carrying 
two  machines  each. 

* 
The   term   agglomerate  is  employed  to  designate  vol- 
canic breccia,  as  distinguished  from  other  breccias,  and 
from  conglomerates,   the  latter  being  made  up  of  water 
worn   fragments,    while  the  former  (breccias)  are  com- 
posed of  angular  fragments. 
* 
"Halogen  "  Is  a  chemical  term.     Fluorine,  bromine, 
chlorine  and  Iodine  are   known  as  the  halogens,  or  salt 
producers,  as  they  each  form   with   metals  compounds 
analogous   to  sea  salt  (sodium  chloride).     Each  of  them 
unites  with  hydrogen  to  form  strong  acids. 
* 
All  old  tailings  dumps  should  be  screened  before  at- 
tempting their  treatment  by  cyanide  or  any  other  process, 
as  by  this  means  all  lumps  may  be  broken  up  and  all  for- 
eign materials   removed,   such   as   sticks,   rocks,    roots, 
leaves,  etc.,  which  would  have  a  tendency  to  clog  pipes 

and  valves. 

* 
Amphibole  is  a  general  term  for  rocks  of  the  horn- 
blende type.  It  is  often  U6ed  as  a  prefix,  as  amphlbole- 
gneiss,  amphlbole-gabbro,  etc.  Amphlbollte-schlst  re- 
fers more  particularly  to  those  rocks  In  which  the  horn- 
blende (or  auglte)  has  been  mostly  or  entirely  altered  to 
chlorltic  Bcales  and  fibers. 

* 

Many  devices  have  been  tried  to  take  the  place  of 
cams  of  the  ordinary  type  for  the  purpose  of  lifting  mill 
stamps.  These  comprise  a  variety  of  ideas — levers,  cogs, 
etc.;  but  as  yet  none  of  these  has  outlived  the  period  of 
test,  except  the  direct  steam  stamp.  Possibly  some  de- 
vice superior  to  the  cam  may  be  discovered,  but  It  haB 
not  yet  made  its  appearance. 
* 

Arsenic  occurs  In  the  free  state  in  abundance  In  some 
localities,  but  It  is  more  commonly  combined  with  other 
substances,  as  sulphur,  iron,  etc.  Native  arsenic  has  a 
grayish-white  metallic  luster,  density  or  gravity  of  5.7, 
Is  crystalline  and  very  brittle;  volatilizes  when  heated 
without  previous  fusion,  but  Is  fusible  at  a  dull  red  heat, 
under  pressure  In  a  sealed  tube. 
* 

The  cause  of  the  markings  resembling  the  appearance 
of  galvanized  Iron  noticed  on  the  Burface  of  platinum 
after  It  has  been  long  exposed  to  a  high  temperature  Is 
ascribed  by  some  to  the  action  of  the  carbon  from  the 
flame,  and  by  others  to  the  action  of  acetylene.  Experi- 
ments go  far  toward  confirming  the  Idea  that  such 
changed  appearance  Is  due  to  recrystallizatlon  of  the 
metal. 

The  principal  objection  to  scale  of  ordinary  thickness 
is  that  it  may  cause  the  metal  of  the  holler  to  become  so 
highly  heated  that  there  is  danger  of  bulging  or  burning 
or  leakage  about  the  joints  and  tube  ends,  with  resultant 
corrosion.  Ab  to  efficiency  It  seems  likely  that  soot  on 
the  fire  surfaces  may  often  be  more  hurtful  than  scale  of 
ordinary  thickness.  Soot  Is  a  good  non-conductor,  and 
because  of  this  It  is  often  used  for  clothing  steam  pipes. 
* 

The  statute  prohibiting  contracts  in  restraint  of  trade 
does  not  refer  to  that  kind  of  a  restraint  of"  Interstate 
commerce  which  may  arise,  from  reasonable  and  legal 
conditions  imposed  upon  the  license  of  a  patent  by  the 
owner  thereof;  since  a  patent  1b  a  monopoly  recognized 
by  the  Constitution,  and  the  owner  of  a  patent  has  the 
right  to  sell  it  or  to  keep  it,  to  license  others  to  sell  or 
manufacture  it,  and  he  Is  not  bound  to  use  his  discovery 
himself  nor  to  permit  others  to  use  It. 

* 

In  the  Centigrade  thermometer  0°  is  the  freezing 
point,  and  100°  Centigrade  Is  the  boiling  point  of  water, 
at  the  sea  level.     In   the   Fahrenheit  thermometer  32° 


above  0°  Is  the  freezing  temperature  of  water  at  sea  level 
and  212°  above  0°  Is  the  boiling  point  of  water.  To  re- 
duce Centigrade  reading  to  Fahrenheit,  divide  the  Centi- 
grade reading  by  5,  multiply  the  quotient  by  9,  and  add 
32.  Thus  40°  Centigrade  =  40  -^-  6  X  9  +  32  =  104° 
Fahrenheit. 

* 
FOR  a  fire  test  of  oil,  the  oil  Is  placed  In  a  Bmall  Iron 
dish,  with  a  thermometer  bulb  Immersed  In  It,  and  held 
in  an  upright  position.  The  heat  Is  applied  under  the 
dish  by  means  of  a  Bunsen  burner,  until  It  reaches  the 
point  at  which  the  operator  expects  It  to  vaporize.  Then 
a  lighted  taper  1b  passed  around  the  edge  of  the  bowl, 
and  if  the  vapor  that  rises  from  the  heated  oil  Hashes, 
the  temperature  recorded  on  the  thermometer  Is  the 
Hash  point.  One  can  continue  to  apply  the  heat  until 
the  oil  takes  fire  and  then  note  the  temperature  again. 
This  Is  the  fire  test. 

FOUR  plumb  lines  are  necessary  In  lining  up  a  vertical 
shaft.  Two  center  lines  cannot  be  depended  upon  to 
give  correct  results.  The  sets  may  be  true  at  the 
centers,  but  "swing  In  or  out"  at  the  ends.  It  Is  a 
good  plan  to  make  a  shallow  cut  with  a  saw  In  each  wall 
plate  at  a  stated  distance  from  the  inside  corner  or  from 
some  other  place,  and  swing  the  lines  from  these  points, 
bringing  each  set  below  exactly  to  the  line.  Where  lines 
are  hung  directly  from  the  corners,  they  are  likely  to 
touch,  and,  not  swinging  freely,  lead  to  Incorrect  results, 
which  must  later  be  corrected,  with  loss  of  time,  which 
means  expense. 

* 
Electrically  driven  air  compressors  are  employed 
to  run  not  only  machine  drills,  but  also  hoisting  engines, 
pumps  above  and  under  ground,  and   to  operate   other 
machines.     It  has  been   suggested   that  compressed   air 
may  be  reheated  underground  by  the  use  of  steam.    A 
small,  well  covered  steam  pipe  has  been   found   efficient 
for  this  purpose.     The  steam  pipe  Is   carried   through 
the  reheating  receiver  by  a  series  of  return  pipes.     As 
the  steam  pipe  Is  small,  no  inconvenience  by   reason   of 
Increased  heat  In  the  mine  results,  while  the  air  can  be 
heated  to  within  a  few  degrees  of  the  temperature  of  the 
steam.    The  steam  may  be  exhausted  into  a  sump. 
* 
The  pipes  in  the   water  circulating    system  of  gas- 
oline engines   used    on  automobiles  often  clog  up  and 
refuse  to  work.    This  Is  often  caused  by  using  water 
containing    vegetable  matter,   which   deposits  a  slime. 
The  pipes   may  be    cleared    by   filling    the  tank   with 
a  strong,    hot  solution    of  either  Babbitt's   potash   or 
common    soda.     Run    the   engine   for    a    few    minutes 
to    allow    the   Bolution    to    do   Its    work,    then    draw 
off  the  solution  and   refill  with  water.     Again   run  the 
engine  until  the  water  becomes   hot  and  then  draw  off. 
This  should   be  done  every   month  to  keep  the   pipes 
clean  under  the  conditions  stated. 
* 
The  noise  caused  by  the  telephone  wire  fastened  to  the 
building  can  be  prevented  by  the  use  of  a  damper.     This 
may  be  made  as  a  rubber  cylinder  about  4  Inches  long,  J 
Inch  diameter  and  split  lengthwise.    It  is  to  be  placed  on 
the  conductor  and  bound  spirally  with  fine  wire  to  keep 
it  in  place.     The  rubber   damper  containing  the  con- 
ductor can  be  placed  upon  an  Insulator,  or  the  wire  can  be 
tied  in  the  usual  way  to  the  insulator,  and  the  damper 
may  be  attached  by  a  wire  around  It  to  a  damper  on  a 
neighboring  conductor,   or  to  the  fixture,  chimney  or 
pole.    The  Idea  Ib  to  prevent  the  mechanical  communi- 
cation of  the  vibration  of  the  conductor  to  the  building. 
* 
UraNINITE,   or  pitch   blende  (U3  Ob),  Is  one  of  the 
principal  sources  of  uranium,  the  other  being  carnotlte. 
It  is  grayish,  greenish,  brownish,   velvet  black ;   streak 
brownish   black,  grayish,  olive  green,  somewhat  shiny. 
It  Is  usually  massive  and  botryoldal  In  form,   but  also 
occurB  In  grains.     The  structure  Is  sometimes  columnar 
or  curved  lamellar ;  brittle ;  hardness  5.6 ;  gravity9  to  9.7 
In  the  crystals,  but  6.4  and  upwardB  in  the  earthy  varie- 
ties ;  soluble  In  nitric  and   sulphuric  acids,  though  the 
solubility  differs  in  different  varieties,  being  greater   in 
those  kinds  containing  the  rare  earths ;  non-magnetic. 
It  occurs  as  a  primary  constituent  of  some  granites,  or 
in  veins  associated  with  ores  of  silver,  lead,  copper,  etc. 
* 
The  large  production  of  zinc  has  grown   up  in  the 
United   States  within   the  past  twenty  years.    In  the 
earlier  days  of  the  lead  mines  of  Missouri  zinc  was  an  un- 
welcome mineral.     It  Interfered  with  the  disposal  of  the 
lead  oreB  when  the  two  were  mixed,  and  the  galena  had 
to  be  sorted  out  clean.    Even  the  clear  zinc  ores  were  un- 
salable In  the  United  States,  as  there  were  few  furnaces 
In  this  country  where  zinc  ores  oould   be  treated.     The 
zinc  ores  produced  In  those  days  were  Btacked  up  on  the 
dumps.     It  was  not  worth  much  over  $10  per  ton.    The 
Joplln  district,  In  southwest  Missouri,  Is  the  largest  pro- 
ducer of  zinc  in  the  United  States  at  present.     Colorado 
is  also  outputtlng  a  large  amount  of  zinc  ore,  particu- 
larly since  the  advent  of  the  electro-magnetic  separator. 
* 
The  coat  of  open-cut  work  at  mines   varies  greatly  In 
different  localities,  and  may  have  a  wide  range  in  the 
same  mine,   depending   upon  many  factors.    The  essen- 
tials for  cheap  mining  by  open  cuts  are  large  maBses  of 
clean  ore,  not  too  hard,  but  not  dangerously  BOft  and 
having  a  tendency  to  cave;  mill  holes  In  the  lower  por- 
tion of  the  cut  through  which  the  broken  rock  passes 
away  by  gravity;  good  judgment,  born  of  experience  in 
placing  and  charging  drill  holeB;  experienced   and  ener- 


getic workmen,  and  good  weather.  With  these  mining 
should  be  cheaply  done.  Some  open-cut  work  is  ex- 
pensive for  the  reason  that  all  the  rock  broken  Is  shov- 
elled Into  cars.  This  Is  often  necessary  in  beginning 
operations  In  a  cut,  but  it  does  not  pay  to  shovel  rock 
that  will  run  to  a  chute  by  gravity;  to  this  end  a  chute 
must  first  be  provided. 

When  water  is  boiled  under  a  pressure  of  five  atmos- 
pheres, or  seventy-five  pounds  pressure,  the  sensible  heat 
Is  306°  F.,  the  boiling  point  at  that  pressure;  but  the 
latent  heat  has  decreased  by  the  same  number  of  heat 
units  that  the  boiling  point  Increased,  so  the  total  Is  the 
same  In  all  cases.  In  the  first  case  we  have  212°  minus 
32°  plus  966°,  or  1146J,  and  In  the  second  case,  306°  minus 
32°  plus  872°  equal  the  same,  1146  heat  units.  In  evap- 
orating a  pound  of  water  under  atmospheric  pressure, 
the  temperature  remained  at  212°,  but  the  volume  was 
increased  to  1644  times  that  of  the  water  In  the  second 
case;  evaporating  under  seventy-five  pounds  pressure, 
the  temperature  also  remained  the  same— 306°  F. — but 
the  volume  Is  only  295  times  that  of  the  water  It  was 
evaporated  from.  This  is  one  of  the  reasons  It  pays  to 
run  an  automatic  cut-off  engine. 
* 

A  miner  who  desires  to  take  a  contract  to  sink  a  shaft 
may  give  a  bond  to  accomplish  the  work  at  a  stated 
price  within  a  specified  time,  but  such  proceeding  Is  un- 
usual and  Is  rarely  required  by  the  owner.  A  mechanic 
or  architect  can  figure  upon  the  construction  of  a  build- 
ing, as  the  amount  of  materials  necessary  Is  easily  and 
arbitrarily  arrived  at,  and  the  amount  of  labor  requisite 
may  also  be  estimated  with  comparative  exactitude,  for 
in  such  work  the  conditions  are  practically  constant;  but 
In  shaft  sinking  conditions  change  or  may  change  with 
each  foot  In  depth.  Hock  changes  from  hard  to  soft,  or 
vice  versa.  Water  comes  In  unexpectedly;  blasts  smash 
timbers,  which  must  be  replaced,  and  numerous  unfore- 
seen contingencies  are  constantly  arising,  which  makes 
the  giving  of  a  bond  for  the  performance  of  the  work  at 
stated  price  and  within  a  given  time  an  unbusinesslike 
proposition.  The  owner  usually  finds  his  safety  in  with- 
holding a  percentage  of  the  price  as  the  work  advances 
until  the  contract  Is  completed,  and  thlB  has  generally 
proven  satisfactory  to  all  concerned. 
* 

IN  the  case  of  Gartney  vs.  Gosling,  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Wyoming,  68  Pac.  Rep.,  1118,  held  that  a  "  mining 
partnership  can  exist  only  where  several  parties  co- 
operate in  working  the  mining  property,  mere  ownership 
as  tenants  in  common  not  being  sufficient.  In  a  mining 
partnership  pure  and  simple  one  partner  has  no  Implied 
authority  to  borrow  money  on  the  credit  of  the  firm,  but 
his  Implied  powers  only  permit  him  to  bind  his  co-part- 
ners by  dealings  on  credit  for  the  purpose  of  working 
the  mine,  where  it  appearB  to  be  necessary  or  usual  In 
the  management  of  the  business.  An  agreement  where 
certain  parties  furnish  one  of  their  number  with  a  fixed 
amount  of  money,  he  to  go  to  Alaska  and  prospect  for  a 
mine,  and  they  during  his  absence  to  furnish  his  family 
with  a  stipulated  monthly  allowance  for  its  maintenance, 
each  of  the  parties  to  have  a  certain  prescribed  interest 
In  whatever  was  found,  could  not  be  construed  as  bind- 
ing the  others  for  expenses  incurred  by  the  prospecting 
party  for  personal  supplies  after,  or  even  before,  the  sum 
originally  furnished  had  been  exhausted.  But,  where  a 
mining  contract  did  not  make  parties  to  same  liable  for 
supplies  furnished  one  of  their  number,  yet  a  letter  writ- 
ten to  him  by  one  of  their  number  authorizing  him  to 
buy  the  supplies,  could  not  have  the  effect  to  bind  the 
other  parties  in  the  absence  of  evidence  that  they  knew 
of  or  authorized  its  being  written.  Such  letter  would  be 
admissible  against  the  one  who  wrote  It  as  to  supplies 
bought  from  a  party  after  such  party  had  seen  It,  but 
not  supplies  bought  before  It  waB  written." 
* 
Palladium  is  usually  found  associated  with  the  rare 
metals  rhodium,  osmium,  ruthenium  and  iridium.  It 
occurs  usually  associated  with  gold  and  has  been  found 
In  the  placer  mines  of  the  Cariboo  district,  B.  C.  Some 
gold  ores  of  Brazil  contain  from  5%  to  10%  of  metal- 
lic palladium,  which  Is  obtained  by  fuBing  It  together 
with  silver  and  dissolving  the  granular  alloy  thus  ob- 
tained in  hot  nitric  acid,  when  the  gold  only  remains. 
By  addition  of  a  solution  of  sodium  chloride,  the 
silver  Is  precipitated  as  chloride,  which  is  removed  by 
filtration.  The  palladium  In  the  solution  Is  then  precipi- 
tated by  means  of  mercury  cyanide  in  the  form  of  a 
yellowish-white,  gelatinous  substance— palladlnous  cya- 
nide. This,  on  heating  to  fusion,  becomes  a  spongy, 
metallic  palladium.  Palladium  his  the  lowest  melting 
point  of  any  of  the  platinum  group  of  minerals- about 
1500°  C.  It  resembles  platinum  In  color  and  luster  and 
steel  In  hardness.  It  Is  more  malleable  than  platinum 
and  Is  more  readily  welded.  When  poliBhed,  it:has  a  steel- 
like whitish  luster  and  does  not  tarnish.  Tincture  of 
Iodine  will  blacken  the  surface  of  palladium,  but  not  of 
platinum.  The  metal,  on  account  of  its  reaistance  to 
oxidation  under  ordinary  atmospheric  conditions,  1b  used 
In  the  manufacture  of  chronometers  and  fine  watchea 
and  also  to  some  extent  in  the  construction  of  balance 
beams  of  fine  asBay  Bcales.     Palladium  may  be  detected, 

when  present,  by  mixing  a  solution  of  sodium  thlosul- 
phate  with  a  small  amount  of  ammonia  and  adding  a 
drop  of  the  solution  of  the  ore  supposed  to  contain  pal- 
ladium, so  as  to  color  the  liquid  pale  lemon  yellow.  Boll 
and  watch  for  changes  in  color  from  wine-brown  to 
black.  Diluted  with  water,  It  returns  to  the  former  color 
but  remains  clear. 


80 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


Desulphurizing  Slimes  by  Heap 
Roasting.* 

Written  by  E.  J.  Horwood. 

It  is  well  known  that  owing  to  the  intimate  mix- 
ture of  the  constituents  of  our  sulphide  ore  at 
Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales,  a  great  deal  of 
crushing  and  grinding  is  required  to  detach  the 
particles  of  galena  from  the  zincblende  and  gangue 
of  the  ore,  and  in  this  operation  a  considerable 
amount  of  the  material  is  .converted  into  a  slime 
which  consists  of  minute,  but  well  defined  particles 
of  all  the  constituents  of  the  ore  and  combinations 
thereof,  the  relative  proportions  of  which  depend  on 
the  dual  characteristics  of  hardness  and  abundance 
of  the  different  constituents.  An  analysis  of  the 
slime  shows  the  contents  to  be  as  follows: 

Galena  (PbS) 24.00 

Blende  (Zn  S) 29 .  40 

Pyrites  (Pe  S2) 3.38 

Ferric  oxide  (Fe2  03) 4.17 

Ferrous  oxide  (Fe  O)  contained  in  garnets 1 .  03 

Oxide  of  manganese  (Md  O)  contained  in  rhodonite 

and  garnets 6 .  66 

Alumina  (Al2  03)  contained  in  kaolin  and  garnets.     5.40 

Lime  (CaO)  contained  in  garnets,  etc 3 .  40 

Silica  (Si  02) 22 .  98 

Silver  (Ag) 06 

100.48 

Galena,  being  the  softest  of  these,  is  found  to  a 
arger  extent  in  the  slime  than  in  the  crude  ore;  it  is 
also,  for  the  same  reason,  in  the  finest  state  of  sub- 
division, which  latter  condition  is  well  illustrated  by 
the  fact  that  the  last  slime  to  settle  in  water  is  in- 
variably much  the  richer  in  lead,  while  the  percent- 
ages of  the  harder  constituents,  zincblende  and 
gangue,  show  a  corresponding  reduction  in  quantity, 
by  reason  of  their  being  generally  in  larger  sized 
particles  and  consequently  settling  earlier. 

The  fairly  complete  liberation  of  each  of  the  con- 
stituent minerals  of  the  ore  that  takes  place  in  slim- 
ing tends,  of  course,  to  help  the  production  of  a  high- 
grade  concentrate  by  the  use  of  tables  and  vanners, 
and  undoubtedly  a  fair  recovery  of  lead  is  possible, 
even  with  existing  machines,  in  the  treatment  of  fine 
slimes;  but,  owing  to  the  great  reduction  in  the 
capacity  of  the  machines,  which  takes  place  when  it 
is  attempted  to  carry  the  vanning  of  the  finer  slimes 
too  far,  and  the  consequently  greatly  increased  area 
of  the  machines  that  would  be  necessary,  the  oper- 
ation, sooner  or  later,  becomes  unprofitable. 

The  extent  to  which  the  vanner  treatment  of  slimes 
should  be  carried  is,  of  course,  less  in  the  case  of 
those  mines  owning  smelters  than  with  those  which 
have  to  depend  on  the  sale  of  concentrates  as  their 
sole  source  of  profit.  In  the  case  of  the  Proprietary 
Co.,  all  slime  produced  in  crushing  is  passed  over  the 
machines  after  due  classification.  A  high  recovery 
of  lead  in  the  form  of  concentrates  is  neither  ex- 
pected nor  obtained,  for  reasons  already  explained; 
but  the  finest  lead-bearing  slimes  are  allowed  to 
unite  with  the  tailings,  which  are  collected  from 
groups  of  machines,  and  are  then  run  into  pointed 
boxes,  where,  with  the  aid  of  hydraulic  classification, 
the  fine  rich  slimes  are  washed  out  and  carried  to 
settling  bins  and  tanks,  where  the  water  is  stilled 
and  allowed  to  deposit  its  slime,  and  pass  over  a 
wide  overflow  as  clear  water.  The  slime  thus  recov- 
ered amounts  to  over  1200  tons  weekly,  or  about 
11%,  by  weight,  of  the  ore,  and  assays  about  20% 
lead,  17%  zinc  and  eighteen  ounces  silver,  and  repre- 
sents, in  lead  value,  about  11%  of  the  original  lead 
contents  of  the  crude  ore  and  rather  more  than  that 
percentage  in  silver  contents.  These  slimes  are  thus 
a  by-product  of  the  mills,  and  their  production  is  un- 
avoidable; but  as  they  are  not  chargeable  with  the 
cost  of  milling,  they  are  an  asset  of  considerable 
value,  more  especially  so  since  it  has  been  demon- 
strated that  they  can  be  desulphurized  sufficiently 
for  smelting  purposes  by  a  simple  operation,  and,  at 
the  same  time,  converted  into  such  a  physical  condi- 
tion as  renders  the  material  well  suited  for  smelting, 
owing  to  its  ability  to  resist  pressure  in  the  furnaces 
and  to  its  lumpy  nature. 

Proceeding  now  to  the  operations  more  closely  con- 
nected with  the  subject  of  this  paper,  it  is  necessary 
to  mention  that  the  company  has  many  thousands  of 
tons  of  this  material  which  the  smelters  have 
hitherto  been  unable  to  cope  with,  owing  to  the  roast- 
ers being  fully  occupied  with  the  more  valuable  con- 
centrates. Moreover,  the  desulphurization  of  this 
class  of  material  in  mechanical  roasters  is  objection- 
able for  various  reasons,  namely,  owing  to  the  large 
amount  of  dust  created  with  such  fine  material,  re- 
sulting injuriously  to  the  men  employed,  also  on 
account  of  the  reduction  in  the  capacity  of  the  roast- 
ers, and  consequently  increased  working  cost  which 
accompanies  the  operation,  owing  to  the  lightness  of 
the  slime,  especially  when  hot,  as  compared  with 
concentrates,  and  the  necessity  of  limiting  the  thick- 
ness of  material  on  the  bed  of  the  roasters  to  a  cer- 
tain small  maximum  depth;  Further,  the  desulphur- 
ization of  the  slimes  is  no  more  complete  with  the 
mechanical  roasters  than  in  the  case  of  heap  roast- 
ing, and  the  combined  cost  of  mechanical  roasting 

♦Abstract  Trans.  Australian  Inst.  Min.  Engrs. 


and  briquetting  being  3  shillings  per  ton  in  excess  of 
the  cost  of  heap  roasting,  this  method  possesses 
many  advantages.  These  heaps  are  being  dealt 
with,  preparatory  to  roasting,  by  picking  down  the 
material  in  lumps  of  about  5  inches  in  thickness — a 
suitable  size  for  heap  roasting — while  the  fine  dry 
smalls,  unavoidably  produced,  are  worked  up  in  a 
pug  mill  with  water,  and  dealt  with  in  the  same  way 
as  the  wet  slime  produced  from  current  work,  and 
handled  as  follows: 

The  slime,  as  produced  at  the  mills,  is  run  from 
bins  into  railway  trucks  in  a  semi-fluid  condition,  and 
shortly  after  being  tipped  alongside  one  of  the  vari- 
ous sidings  on  the  mine,  is  in  a  fit  condition  to  be  cut 
with  shovels  into  rough  bricks,  which  dry  fairly 
quickly,  and  when  required  for  roasting  are  easily 
reloaded  into  railway  trucks.  As  each  man  can  cut 
about  twenty  tons  of  brick  per  day,  the  cost  is  small. 
Various  other  methods  of  lumping  the  slime  were 
tried,  including  trucking  the  semi-fluid  material  on 
movable  trams,  alongside  which  were  set  laths,  about 
9  inches  apart,  which  enabled  long  slabs  to  be  formed 
9  inches  wide  and  5  inches  thick,  which  were,  after 
drying,  picked  up  in  suitable  lumps  and  loaded  on 
platform  trucks,  thence  on  railway  trucks.  Owing 
to  the  inferior  roasting  that  takes  place  with  bricks 
having  flat  sides,  which  are  very  liable  to  come  into 
close  contact  in  roasting,  and  to  the  high  labor  cost, 
this  method  was  discontinued.  Another  method  was 
to  allow  the  slime  to  partially  dry  after  being 
emptied  from  railway  trucks,  and  to  break  it  into 
lumps  by  means  of  picks;  but  this  method 
entailed  an  increased  amount  of  smalls  being  Percem 
made,  besides  taking  up  more  siding  room, 
owing  to  the  extra  time  required  for  drying, 
as  compared  with  the  method  now  in  use. 
Ordinary  bricking  machines  could  of  course 
be  used,  but  when  the  cost  of  handling  the 
slime  before  and  after  bricking  is  counted, 
the  cost  would  be  greater  than  with  the 
simple  method  now  in  use;  the  material  be- 
ing in  too  fluid  a  condition  for  making  into 
bricks  until  some  time  elapses  for  drying, 
a  double  handling  would  be  necessitated  be- 
fore sending  to  bricking  machine.  If,  how- 
ever, the  slime  could  be  allowed  time  to  dry 
sufficiently  in  the  trucks,  bricking  by  ma- 
chinery would  probably  be  preferable. 
Rather  more  than  10%  of  smalls  is  made  in 
handling  the  lumps  in  and  out  of  the  rail- 
way trucks,  and  this  is,  as  before  mentioned, 
worked  up  with  water  in  a  pug  mill  at  the 
sintering  works,  and  used  partly  for  cover- 
ing the  heaps  with  slime  to  exclude  an  ex- 
cessive amount  of  air.  The  balance  is 
thrown  out  and  cut  into  bricks  as  already 
described. 

At  the  heaps,  the  lumps  are  at  present 
being  thrown  from  one  man  to  another  to 
reach  their  destination  in  the  heap,  but  the 
sidings  have  been  laid  out  in  duplicate  with 
a  view  to  enabling  traveling  cranes  to  be 
used  on  the  line  next  the  heap,  the  lumps 
to  be  loaded  primarily  into  wooden  skips 
fitting  the  trucks.  It  is  probable,  however, 
that  the  lumps  will  require  to  be  handled 
out  of  the  skips  into  their  place  in  the  heap, 
as  the  brittle  nature  of  the  material  may 
be  found  to  render  automatic  tipping  im- 
practicable. A  considerable  amount  of 
labor  would  nevertheless  accompany  the 
use  of  cranes,  which  would  likewise  be  ad- 
vantageous in  loading  the  sintered  material. 

In  order  to  reduce  the  inconvenience  aris- 
ing from  fumes,  length  is  very  desirable  in 
siding  accommodation,  so  that  heap  building 
may  be  carried  on  at  a  sufficient  distance 
from  the  burning  kilns.  It  is  for  the  same 
reason  preferable  to  build  in  a  large  ton- 
nage at  one  time,  lighting  |the  heaps  alto- 
gether. As  the  heaps  burn  about  two 
weeks  only,  long  intervals  intervene,  during 
which  the  fumes  are  absent. 

In  the  experimental  stages  of  slime  roast- 
ing, fuel,  chiefly  wood,  was  used  in  quanti- 
ties up  to  5%,  and  was  placed  on  the  ground 
at  the  bottom  of  the  heap,  where  also  a 
number  of  flues,  loosely  built  of  bricks,  were 
placed  for  the  circulation  of  air.  The 
amount  of  fuel  used  has,  however,  been 
gradually  reduced,  until  the  present  prac- 
tice of  placing  no  fuel  whatever  in  the  bottom  was 
arrived  at;  but  instead,  less  than  1%  of  wood  is  now 
burned  in  small  enlargements  of  the  flues,  under  the 
outer  portion  of  the  pile,  and  placed  about  12  feet 
apart  at  the  centers.  This  is  found  to  be  sufficient 
to  start  the  roasting  operation  within  twenty-four 
hours  of  lighting,  after  which  no  further  fuel  is  nec- 
essary. 

(to  be  continued. 


ership  of  meandered  lakes  carried  with  it  any  rights 
of  the  ownership  of  land  under  water  that  could  be 
held  for  private  use,  other  than  the  inalienable  rights 
of  the  public.  Acting  on  this  idea,  no  land  under 
water  has  ever  been  leased  for  mining  purposes  ex- 
cept by  the  owners  of  adjoining  lands.  But  now 
comes  the  State  Auditor  and  gives  to  private  appli- 
cants mineral  leases  upon  lands  under  water  that 
are  entirely  surrounded  by  fees  held  by  individuals 
and  companies.  The  State,  in  other  words,  claims, 
by  virtue  of  the  Swamp  Act,  to  be  owner  of  all  lands 
under  water,  up  to  the  shore  line,  and  as  such  is  to 
dispose  of  those  tracts  for  any  purpose.  It  may  be 
that  millions  of  value  lie  in  these  lands.  Some  of 
them  are  well  located  on  both  ore-bearing  forma- 
tions. One  lease  has  already  been  granted  and  appli- 
cations are  in  for  thirty  more.  Pee  owners  will  con- 
test the  leases  and  will  treat  anyone  who  crosses 
their  lands  to  explore  under  these  lakes  as  trespass- 
ers, so  that  it  will  be  very  difficult,  in  many  cases,  to 
reach  the  lakes.  If  the  State  owns  these  lands,  the 
royalty  is  a  part  of  the  school  and  institution  funds. 


Relative  Elimination  of  Impurities  in 
Bessemerizing  Copper  Matte. 

Written  by  W.  Randolph  van  Liew. 

In  determining  the  relative  rate  and  in  finding  the 
point  where  different  impurities  contained  in  copper 
matte  are  eliminated  during  the  process  of  a  con- 


-z- 


Submarine   Ore  Mines. 

A  legal  difficulty  is  approaching  on  the  Mesaba 
and  Vermillion  iron  ranges,  with  the  State  of  Minne- 
sota and  its  lessees  on  one  side  and  the  fee  owners 
of  the  land  around  the  lakes  on  the  other,  says  the 
American  Manufacturer.  It  has  been  acknowledged 
as  a  principle  of  common  law  that  the  riparian  own- 


Percentages  of  Copper,  Silver,  Iron,  Sulphur,  Etc.,  Present. 


verter  blow,  the  following  results  were  obtained  : 

A  converter  was  selected  which  was  starting  on  its 
second  charge.  The  first  charge  after  lining  had  fin- 
ished its  copper  "hot,"  and  consequently  no  copper 
was  adhering  to  the  sides  of  the  lining.  All  the  cop- 
per and  granulated  slag  from  the  previous  charge 
were  dumped,  thus  removing  any  possibility  of  "  salt- 
ing" the  matte  to  be  tested. 

The  converter  worked  fast  and  well  during  the  en- 
tire test.  Periods  of  ten  minutes  were  selected. 
The  converter  was  brought  from  the  stack  to  secure 
each  sample  of  matte  to  be  analyzed,  and  only  that 
time  counted  during  which  air  was  being  forced 
through  the  charge. 

At  the  end  of  forty  minutes'  actual  blowing  the 
matte  was  up  to  "  white  metal,"  the  point  at  which 
the  last  skimming  takes  place — that  is,  matte  of  ap- 

*  Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Engs. 


', 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


81 


proximately  76  4%  copper.  Prom  here,  of  course, 
average  samples  of  the  contents  of  a  converter  are 
Impossible,  since  (from  this  skimming  point  up  to  fin- 
ished copper)  the  contents  of  a  converter  consist  of 
constantly  varying  proportions  of  matte  and  copper, 
which,  when  a  converter  is  brought  from  the  stack 
and  the  blast  pressure  turned  off,  settle  according  to 
their  specific  gravity.  When  the  charge  is  com- 
pleted a  granulated  sample  of  finished  copper  is 
obtained  and  assayed.  Accurate  chemical  analyses 
of  these  equal- period  samples  of  matte  and  copper 
gave  the  following  results  : 


O 

© 

g 

CO 

O 

4*. 

O 

3 

9 

H 

9 

s 

5" 

e 

ST 

m 

3 
a 

c 

s 

£ 

g 

D 
C 

s 

Bl 

PS 
i  £ 

■     tT1 
'      GO 

CD 

91 

•d  a 
•o  » 

a  ~< 

57" 

Copper, 
Iron,  %. 
Sulphur 
Zinc,  %. 

% 

49.72 

23.31 

21  28 

1.19 

0.11 

0.14 

44.20 

0.16 

60.20 

*3.15 

20.95 

1  20 

0.09 

0.12 

42.90 

0.14 

56.88 
17.85 
19.74 
0.84 
0.08 
0.10 
51.40 
0.20 

64  60 
10  50 
18.83 
0.70 
0.08 
0.13 
55.80 
0.24 

76.37 
2.40 

16.30 
0.45 
0.08 
0.13 

70.00 
0.32 

99.120 
0  038 

%.... 

0.169 
0  090 

Arsenlo,  % 

Antimony,  %.. 

Silver,  oz 

Gold,  oz 

0  0012 
0.006 
90.800 
0  350 

The  accompanying  figure  illustrates  graphically 
the  history  of  their  elimination.  In  this  figure  the 
abscissa  represents  the  ten-minute  periods  of 
blowing,  and  the  ordinates  represent  percentages  of 
copper,  etc.,  from  0  to  100.  The  ordinates  of  the 
figure  at  the  bottom  are  the  same,  but  on  a  larger 
scale  (from  0  to  1.2%),  to  show  better  the  impurities 
in  the  matte  carried  to  the  extent  of  but  a  few  tenths 
of  1%.  The  upper  diagram  shows  that  the  silver 
almost  parallels  the  enrichment  of  the  matte  in 
copper. 

The  lines  showing  the  relative  elimination  of  the 
iron  and  the  sulphur  are  the  most  interesting.  For 
the  first  ten  minutes  of  the  blow,  and  while  the  matte 
is  heatiDg  up,  the  iron  and  sulphur  lines  are  parallel. 
From  this  point  there  is  a  marked  change.  The  sul- 
phur line  is  very  gradual  in  its  drop,  showing  that 
but  little  is  being  burned  in  comparison  with  what  is 
taking  place  with  the  iron,  whose  line  takes  a  sud- 
den drop.  The  iron  decreases  during  thirty  minutes 
from  23  15%  to  2.4%  at  the  skimming  point,  while  at 
this  point  there  still  remains  16  3%  of  sulphur  in  the 
matte.  From  this  point,  however,  to  blister  copper 
it  is  the  sulphur  that  bears  the  brunt  of  elimination, 
the  iron  dropping  only  from  2  4%  to  0.0038%  at  blis- 
ter copper,  while  the  sulphur  decreases  from  16.3% 
to  0.15%. 

This  is  of  great  interest,  as  it  shows  that,  up  to 
the  skimming  point,  it  is  the  oxidation  of  the  iron  to 
ferrous  oxide,  and  the  union  of  the  ferrous  oxide  with 
the  silica  of  the  lining,  that  affords  the  source  of  heat 
to  carry  on  the  operations  within  a  converter  ;  while 
from  the  skimming  point  (76  4%  copper)  to  the  fin- 
ished blister  copper  it  is  chiefly  the  burning  of  the 
sulphur  that  gives  our  heat  supply  to  finish  the  work 
started  by  the  oxidation  of  iron. 

The  zinc,  it  will  be  seen,  is  scarcely  affected  during 
the  "  heating  up  "  period,  while  after  that  its  elimi- 
nation is  gradual.  The  arsenic  and  antimony, 
curiously  enough,  are  but  slightly  affected  during  the 
whole  of  the  slag-forming  period,  or  as  long  as  enough 
iron  remains  to  be  slagged  off.  At  the  cupola  tap  of 
matte  into  the  converter  the  arsenic  was  0.11%  and 
the  antimony  0.14%,  while  at  the  end  of  the  slag- 
forming  period  the  arsenic  was  0.08%  and  the  anti- 
mony 0.13%. 

When  the  iron  in  the  matte  had  been  oxidized  and 
slugged  off,  and  then  only,  did  the  arsenic  and  anti- 
mony commence  to  be  oxidized  and  driven  off,  until, 
at  the  point  of  blister  copper,  but  0.0012%  of  arsenic 
and  0.006%  of  antimony  remained. 


Iron  and  Steel  Imports. 

Importations  of  iron  and  steel  into  the  United 
States  in  the  fiscal  year  1903  are  larger  than  in  any 
preceding  year  since  1891,  and  with  that  single  ex- 
ception are  larger  than  at  any  time  within  the  past 
twenty  years.  In  only  seven  earlier  years  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  country  have  the  importations  of  iron  and 
steel  been  as  large  as  those  of  the  fiscal  year  just 
ended.  The  total  value  of  iron  and  steel  imported  in 
the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  1903,  as  shown  by  the 
figures  of  the  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor 
through  its  bureau  of  statistics  is  $51,617,312, 
against  $27,180,247  in  1902,  $17,874,789  in  1901,  and 
$12,100,440  in  1899.  Running  back  through  the  im- 
port record  from  1850  down  to  1903,  the  only  -years 
in  which  the  value  of  iron  and  steel  imports  exceeded 
those  of  1903  are  1872,  when  the  total  was  $55,540,- 
188;  1873,  $59,308,452;  1880,  $53,714,008;  1881,  $60,- 
604,477;  1882,  $67,976,897;  1883,  $58,495,246;  and 
1891,  $53,544,272.  These  large  importations  of.  iron 
and  steel  have  occurred,  it  will  be  seen,  in  periods  of 
exceptional  business  activity,  but  on  no  former  occa- 
sion have  such  large  importations  been  made  in  the 
face  of  so  great  home  productions  of  iron  and  steel. 
In  1891,  when  the  importations  were  $2,000,000 
greater  than  in  the  year  just  ended,  the  total  home 
production  of  pig  iron  was  only  8,500,000  tons,  while 


that  of  1902  was  over  17,000,000  tons,  or  double  that 
of  1891.  In  the  period  from  1880  to  1883,  when  the 
importations  of  iron  and  steel  were  larger  than  those 
of  1903,  pig  iron  production  only  averaged  about 
4,000,000  tons  per  annum,  or  less  than  one-fourth  the 
annual  production  of  the  present  time;  and  in  1872 
and  1873,  when  the  importations  slightly  exceeded 
those  of  1903,  the  pig  iron  production  averaged  only 
2,500,000  tons  annually,  against  17,000,000  at  the 
present  time. 

A  Motor-Driven  Mine  Hoist. 

The  motor-driven  friction-drum  hoist  illustrated 
herewith  has  been  built  to  meet  the  demand  for  a 
small,  compact,  portable  and,  as  nearly  as  possible, 
indestructible  machine  for  use  in  mines,  quarries,  on 
board  ships,  and  for  contractors'  purposes  generally. 
It  is  manufactured  by  the  National  Hoisting  Engine 
Co.  of  Harrison,  N.  J.,  and  is  equipped  with  a 
Crocker-Wheeler  fully  inclosed  type  series  motor, 
which  drives  the  drum  through  two  trains  of  reduc- 
ing gears.  The  portability  of  the  outfit  is  indicated 
by  the  cut,  which  shows  the  motor,  controller,  drum, 
etc.,  all  supported  upon  the  one  cast  iron  base.  The 
motor  is  the  7}  H.  P.  size,  wound  for  220  volts  and 
drawing  normally,  at  full  load,  a  current  of  30  am- 
peres. The  controller,  which  is  of  Cutler-Hammer 
make,  designed  for  intermittent  regulating  duty,  is 
of  the  size  to  accompany  a  7i  H.  P.  motor,  and 
allows  twelve  speeds  in  either  direction. 

At  maximum  speed  and  power  the  hoist  is  capable 
of  lifting  1500  pounds  at  the  rate  of  125  feet  per  min- 
ute with  the  motor  running  at  800  revolutions  per 
minute.     The   position  of  the  operator  is  at  the  side 


Some  Observations  on  Alaska   and  the  Northwest 
Territory. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  w.  E.  Thorni. 

Along  Forty-mile  river  the  surface  rocks  are  prin- 
cipally sedimentary  overlying  granite.  These  sedi- 
mentary beds  dip  at  all  angles  up  to  80°  from  the 
horizontal.  In  some  places  the  anticlinal  folds  have 
been  cut  through  by  erosion,  leaving  granite  bed- 
rock. The  greater  portion  of  the  bedrock  is  clay 
slates,  limestone  and  schist.  The  strike  of  the  forma- 
tion is  about  north  15°  west.  A  great  deal  of  the 
formation  is  identical  with  that  of  California. 

In  some  places  dikes  cut  through  the  sedimentary 
formations.  Usually  along  such  dikes  can  be  seen 
quartz  veins,  some  showing  pyrite  and  said  to  carry 
gold  in  small  quantities.  I  saw  some  telluride  ores, 
but  made  no  test  as  to  values.  In  the  schists  and 
slates  numerous  quartz  stringers  occur;  in  some 
places  a  number  of  these  lie  parallel,  making  a  fair 
showing,  but  no  work  has  been  done  on  them.  I  saw 
some  quartz  from  Chicken  creek  that  was  rich  in  free 
gold. 

About  the  same  conditions  are  found  along  the 
Yukon  in  so  far  as  one  could  judge  from  the  deck  of 
a  steamboat  with  a  good  field  glass.  I  found  by  test- 
ing that  a  lot  of  the  reported  rich  placer  gravel  was 
too  poor  to  work  even  in  so  favored  a  locality  as 
California. 

High  working  cost  is  due  to  excessive  cost  of  sup- 
plies, short  season,  frozen  ground  (in  one  55-foot 
shaft  it  was  found  frozen  all  the  way  down)  which 
never  thaws  out  during  the  summer  season.  In  fact, 
you  can  find  frozen  ground  at  a  few  inches  in  depth 


A  Motor-Driven  Electric  Hoist. 


of  the  machine,  shown  in  the  picture,  where,  with  his 
left  hand  on  the  controller,  he  can  govern  the  speed 
of  rotation  of  the  drum  in  either  direction,  or,  with 
his  right  hand  on  the  chuck  release,  may  disconnect 
the  drum  from  the  gears  and  allow  it  to  rotate  under 
the  weight  of  its  load  while  checking  the  speed  by 
applying  the  friction  band  brake  with  his  foot. 

The  equipment  throughout  is  designed  to  with- 
stand the  rough  usage  and  exposure  that  it  must 
naturally  be  expected  to  receive.  The  resistance 
used  in  connection  with  the  controller  is  of  the  Car- 
penter enclosed  form  and  mounted  in  a  safe  position 
under  the  base  of  the  frame.  The  leads  between  the 
controller,  motor  and  resistance  are  run  in  flexible 
metallic  conduit,  all  delicate  parts  liable  to  disar- 
rangement are  carefully  enclosed  and  protected  from 
dust,  moisture  and  results  of  careless  handling. 

The  company  has  a  branch  office  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  corner  Fremont  and  Howard  streets. 

Gold  pockets  occur  under  many  conditions — in 
black  slate,  in  talc,  in  diabase,  at  contacts,  in  lime- 
stone and  in  diorite,  but  usually  where  two  or  more 
veins  or  seams  converge.  There  are  usually  three 
separate  fissures,  crevices  or  veins.  First  is  the 
vein  of  quartz  proper.  This  is  usually  barren  except 
where  the  pockets  occur.  Next  is  the  crossing — a 
seam  or  small  vein  or  crack — cutting  across  the  vein 
and  third  the  gold  seam,  the  latter  being  important. 
It  strikes  nearly  parallel  with  the  vein  and  dips  to- 
ward it.  Where  these  three  unite  the  pocket  of 
gold  may  or  may  not  be  found.  The  occurrence  of 
pockets  is  very  uncertain  under  any  circumstances; 
and,  although  the  searching  for  pockets  has  been  re- 
duced to  almost  a  science,  the  element  of  luck  is  an 
important  factor. 


on  the  north  hillsides  all  season.  High  wages  make 
these  gravels  of  no  value  as  an  investment,  as 
there  is  no  method  in  use  to-day  that  would  make 
them  pay  even  operating  expenses.  The  high  wages 
of  that  country  are  of  little  benefit  to  the  miner,  as 
four  months  is  the  working  season.  What  he  makes 
will  pay  for  his  provisions  and  clothing.  As  a  rule, 
they  spend  the  balance  of  the  year  prospecting  and 
are  broke  at  the  end  of  the  year.  As  for  the  chance 
of  making  a  strike,  it  is  just  as  good  in  the  United 
States,  with  nothing  like  the  privations  there.  The 
newspapers  of  that  country,  as  a  rule,  publish  every 
fake  story  that  they  hear  of  reported  strikes,  fully 
75%  of  those  reported  having  no  foundation  except 
some  "  hot  air  "  miner,  and  are  published  to  keep  up 
the  rush  into  that  country.  No  failures  are  ever  re- 
ported, and  there  are  plenty  of  them — some  on  a 
large  scale,  too.  At  least  70%  of  the  population 
could  leave  that  country  and  not  reduce  the  output 
of  gold  10%.  This  is  only  my  opinion,  and  costs 
nothing,  and  can  be  taken  for  what  it  is  worth.  It 
comes  from  a  five-months  sojourn  there  out  in  the 
hills  working,  and  not  in  a  steam  heated  room  in 
Dawson.  I  saw  some  gravel  bars  and  bench  claims 
that  can  be  made  to  pay  if  good  dumps  can  be  had 
and  worked  on  a  large  scale.  I  also  saw  some  opera- 
tions there  on  a  large  scale  in  which  75%  of  the  ex- 
penses were  charged  to  "  office  expense." 

I  found  that,  after  a  gravel  bank  is  opened  up,  it 
will  thaw  from  4  to  16  inches  in  twenty-four  hours, 
so  that  in  piping  one  must  have  a  large  face  to  work 
on,  also  two  giants  for  each  head,  with  extra  pipe, 
gates,  etc.,  so  that  while  one  giant  is  at  work  the 
other  can  be  put  in  place  for  the  next  run. 

In  some  places  there  is  a  heavy  overburden  of 
muck.     In  working,  the  gravel  is  cut  from  under  the 


82 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8, 1903. 


muck  by  the  giant  from  3  to  7  feet,  then  the  muck 
can  be  shattered  by  powder.  A  light  stream  should 
then  be  turned  on,  when  the  muck  will  soon  thaw  and 
float  off.     This  muck  is  decayed  vegetation. 

Another  way  of  handling  the  muck  is  to  remove 
the  timber,  brush  and  moss,  then  by  a  system  of 
ground  sluicing  the  muck  is  removed.  I  am  not  pre- 
pared to  say  which  is  the  better  method.  I  found  in 
some  places  one  would  work  all  right,  while  in  an- 
other place  the  other  was  better.  I  found  that  fully 
90%  of  the  miners  in  that  country  had  had  no  prac- 
tical experience  in  mining  before  going  there.  As  a 
result,  some  of  the  theories  as  to  placer  gold  forma- 
tion would  stump  some  of  our  best  geologists.  There 
are  also  some  of  the  crudest  gold-saving  appliances  I 
have  ever  seen  in  operation.  I  have  never  seen  in 
any  other  part  of  North  America  such  costly  methods 
of  handling  material  as  are  in  use  there.  I  am  sure 
there  is  a  great  deal  for  one  to  learn  about  mining 
methods  in  that  country,  but  I  also  think  that  prac- 
tical experience  before  going  in  is  of  some  benefit  to- 
wards future  dividends,  as  what  little  I  have  gained 
in  twenty  years  saved  our  company  a  good  many 
thousand  dollars. 

Small  timber  for  fuel  is  plentiful  for  present  needs, 
but  for  lumber  is  very  scarce;  logs  that  will  make  6- 
inch  boards  are  about  the  average,  and  not  at  all 
plentiful.  The  quality  is  like  a  second  growth  fir  or 
spruce — very  poor.  Some  of  the  trees  examined 
showed  from  150  to  200  rings  or  years  of  growth  not 
over  10  inches  in  diameter. 

Some  coal  is  being  developed  which  is  of  a  fair 
steam  quality,  and  in  time  may  be  sufficient  for  all 
needs,  as  the  coal  indications  are  found  over  a  great 
deal  of  that  country. 


Chlorine  Smelting,  With  Electrolysis.* 

Written  by  James  Swinburne. 

The  chlorine  process  is  simplicity  itself.  The  sul- 
phide ore  is  treated  with  chlorine  so  as  to  displace 
the  sulphur  and  absorb  all  the  chlorine.  The  chlorine 
is  electrolyzed  to  get  the  metal  and  recover  the 
chlorine.  This  is  the  process  in  its  naked  simplicity. 
When  all  the  details  necessary,  even  in  connection 
with  complex  ores,  are  considered,  in  comparison 
with  existing  methods,  the  process  is  exceedingly 
simple. 

As  a  good  example,  supposing  pure  galena  is  to  be 
smelted.  The  galena  is  treated  with  hot  chlorine  so 
as  to  form  lead  chloride  and  sulphur.  The  sulphur  is 
condensed  as  brimstone  and  the  lead  chloride  is 
electrolyzed  in  the  fused  state,  producing  lead  and 
chlorine.  If  there  is  silver  or  gold  present  the  fused 
chloride  of  lead  is  treated  with  metallic  lead.  This 
replaces  any  gold  or  silver  there  may  be,  and  the 
precious  metals  alloy  with  the  remaining  lead,  so 
that  ultimately  a  bullion  is  produced  as  rich  as  may 
be  desired,  the  only  difference  being  its  smelting 
point,  which  must  not  be  too  high.  The  cost  of  de- 
silverizing by  the  ordinary  process  is  thus  saved. 
This  practice  thus  recovers  all  the  silver,  all  the  lead 
and  the  gold,  and  nearly  all  the  sulphur.  If  the 
electrolyte  vats  were  so  tight  that  no  air  got  in  all 
the  sulphur  would  be  saved,  but  in  practice  a  little 
sulphur  is  always  burned  into  S02.  Pure,  or  nearly 
pure,  lead  sulphide  is  easy  to  smelt  in  the  ordinary 
way,  but  this  smelting  does  not  separate  the  silver 
and  is  thus  incomplete.  In  time,  therefore,  the 
chlorine  process  is  likely  to  replace  the  present 
methods,  even  for  pure  ores.  Take  another  exam- 
ple— pure  zinc  sulphide.  The  process  is  exactly 
analogous  to  that  for  pure  galena.  But  in  practice 
zinc  blende  contains  gangue  and  generally  iron,  and 
these  must  be  separated.  One  of  the  greatest  ad- 
vantages of  the  chlorine  process  is  that  it  is  appli- 
cable to  mixed  ores,  which  are  often  absolutely 
refractory  and  useless  otherwise.  This  process 
makes  concentration  unnecessary,  unless  merely  for 
eliminating  gangue,  as  the  presence  of  several  met- 
als gives  rise  to  no  difficulty.  In  no  case  has  one 
metal  to  be  lost  in  order  to  extract  another,  and  in 
no  case  is  a  metal  brought  out  impure  or  needing  re- 
fining. Take,  for  example,  a  mixture  of  sulphides 
of  lead,  zinc  and  iron,  with  some  silver.  An  immense 
amount  of  work  has  been  done  on  this  class  of  ore, 
and  great  progress  has  been  made  in  concentrating, 
so  that  one  part  will  leave  enough  zinc  to  be  worked, 
and  little  enough  lead  not  to  interfere  with  the  met- 
allurgy, and  the  other  part  will  leave  enough  lead 
and  little  enough  zinc.  Each  portion  is  smelted  for 
one  metal  only,  the  other  being  worse  than  wasted, 
as  it  is  a  nuisance.  An  intermediate  ore,  often  a 
large  proportion,  is  thrown  away. 

The  new  process  takes  the  ore  as  it  comes  from 
the  mine,  without  any  previous  treatment;  or,  better 
still,  it  takes  the  slimes,  such  as  the  Broken  Hill 
slimes,  which  are  at  present  accumulating  as  a 
monumental  memorial  to  the  barbarity  of  present 
smelting  processes.  The  slimes  contain  zinc,  lead, 
iron,    silver    and    gangue.      Hot    treatment    with 

♦Abstract  from  Trans.  Faraday  Society. 


chlorine  converts  the  whole  of  the  metals  into  chlo- 
rides, producing  a  broth  of  mixed  fused  chlorides  and 
gangue.  The  silver  is  extracted  by  substitution  of 
lead,  the  lead  is  extracted  by  substitution  of  zinc, 
and  the  iron  is  thrown  out  as  ferric  oxide,  not  as 
metal,  zinc  oxide  being  used  as  substitute,  and  the. 
gangue  is  got  out  by  filtration.  We  have  then  noth- 
ing left  but  zinc  chloride,  and  this  is  electrolyzed  to 
yield  zinc  and  chlorine. 

The  process  thus  consists  of  three  essential  ele- 
ments : 

Treating  the  ores  with  chlorine  ; 

Chemical  treatment  of  the  mixed  chlorides,  by  sub- 
stitution, so  that  all  the  chlorine  is  combined  with  zinc; 

Electrolysis  of  the  zinc  chloride  to  extract  the  zinc 
and  recover  the  chlorine. 

One  of  the  chief  merits  of  the  process  is  that  it  is 
so  perfectly  cyclical.  The  chlorine  merely  goes 
round  and  round;  the  works  takes  in  ore  and  electri- 
cal energy,  and  turns  out  metals,  sulphur  and 
gangue.  In  treating  sulphide  ores  with  chlorine,  as 
in  analysis,  or  in  the  action  of  chlorine  on  sulphides 
generally,  chloride  of  the  metals  and  chloride  of  sul- 
phur are  produced.  This  is  the  reaction  described 
in  most  text  books  of  chemistry.  The  formation  of 
chloride  of  sulphur  would  be  fatal  to  the  process, 
however,  as  we  should  lose  both  the  chlorine  and  the 
sulphur,  but  there  is  no  convenient  way  of  getting 
rid  of  large  quantities  of  this  offensive  compound,  far 
less  of  recovering  the  chlorine  and  sulphur.  Decom- 
posing with  water  is  not  a  cyclic  nor  a  practical  pro- 
cess. 

The  discovery  that  sulphide  ores  can  be  decom- 
posed on  the  large  scale  by  chlorine  so  as  to  give  off 
sulphur  and  not  its  chloride  is,  if  we  may  say  it  with 
modesty,  a  possible  turning  point  affecting  a  vast 
realm  of  metallurgy.  The  middle  parts  of  the  pro- 
cess, by  which  the  mixed  chlorides  are  converted  into 
chloride  of  zinc  by  substitution  and  elimination  of  the 
other  metals  and  of  the  gangue,  involve  ordinary 
chemical  engineering  only,  though  there  is  consider- 
able room  for  ingenuity  in  inventing  and  working  out 
the  methods  on  a  large  scale.  The  electrolysis  of 
zinc  chloride  is  supposed  to  be  very  difficult  or  im- 
possible. We  have  overcome  many  difficulties.  Zinc 
is  chosen  as  the  final  metal  to  be  separated  from  the 
chlorine  for  two  reasons:  Because  it  is  chemically 
easy  to  substitute  it  for  all  the  metals  we  want  to 
extract,  as  it  is  very  electropositive;  and  because  it 
is  very  easy  to  extract  by  electrolysis. 

Smelting  Lead  Zinc  Bluestone. — The  actual  pro- 
cess, as  applied  to  some  particular  ore,  may  now  be 
described.  The  Broken  Hill  slimes  may  be  taken  as 
a  good  example.  The  crushed  ore  is  run  into  a  trans- 
former. This  looks  like  a  small  blast  furnace  made 
of  fireclay  with  iron  outside,  or  of  lined  iron.  It  runs 
continuously,  and  we  may  start  our  description  at 
the  stage  when  a  tapping  has  just  taken  place.  The 
transformer  then  contains  about  a  hundredweight  of 
fused  chlorides  and  gangue.  The  gangue  almost 
floats  in  the  chlorides.  If  much  lead  is  present  much 
of  the  gangue  floats,  so  there  is  no  caking  or  silting 
up.  The  top  of  the  transformer  has  a  cone  like  a 
little  blast  furnace.  Ore  is  poured  into  the  fused 
chlorides,  and  at  the  same  time  chlorine  is  blown  in. 
The  chlorine  enters  at  the  bottom  by  a  sort  of  tuyere, 
which  is  a  carbon  tube.  The  cold  part  of  this  tube 
is  connected  to  an  iron  pipe,  which  brings  the  chlo- 
rine. Dry  cold  chlorine  is  easy  to  handle.  It  does 
not  touch  metals,  and  iron  can  be  used  freely.  The 
chlorine  bubbling  through  the  fused  bath  displaces 
the  sulphur,  which  comes  off  and  'is  condensed.  The 
action  of  chlorine  on  the  sulphides  in  question  evolves 
a  great  deal  of  heat,  so  that  the  transformer  is  self- 
heating,  and  there  is  no  coal  or  coke  firing  or  outside 
heat  of  any  sort.  The  temperature  is  controlled  by 
the  rate  of  admission  of  chlorine.  If  the  temperature 
is  too  low  chloride  of  sulphur  may  be  formed.  This 
may  also  be  formed  if  there  is  a  deficiency  of  ore  sup- 
ply. On  the  other  hand,  if  the  chlorine  and  ore  are 
supplied  too  quickly,  the  transformer  will  get  too 
hot,  and  some  of  the  chlorides  will  distill  over  and  be 
condensed  with  the  sulphur.  By  running  the  trans- 
former fast  the  temperature  can  be  got  so  high  that 
all  the  chlorides  distill  over,  leaving  only  the  gangue. 
The  bulk  of  the  transformer  gives  easy  regulation. 

The  temperature  is  the  main  consideration  in  de- 
termining the  size  of  the  transformer.  It  must  be  of 
such  a  size  that  when  running  at  its  normal  rate  the 
heat  is  conducted  through  the  lining  and  radiated 
from  the  surface  at  such  a  rate  that  the  contents 
keep  at  the  right  temperature.  There  is  consider- 
able margin  allowable  in  temperature,  and  the  tem- 
perature is  under  control  by  regulating  the  flowing 
of  chlorine  and  of  ore.  The  temperature  can  always 
be  lowered  by  running  in  a  little  extra  ore  or  reduc- 
ing the  chlorine;  but  the  chlorine  feed  depends  on 
the  electrolytic  vats,  and  is  practically  constant. 
The  larger  the  transformer  the  longer  it  will  pre- 
serve its  temperature  with  any  fluctuations  of  chlo- 
rine supply,  and  the  cheaper  the  pumping,  labor,  etc. 
It  is  therefore  best  to  have  large  transformers.  We 
have  so  far  used  a  10-ton,  but  a  larger  size  with  thin- 
ner lining  will  probably  be  better. 

The  amount  of  gangue  in  the  ore  is  important.  As 
the  gangue  is  about  the  same  density  as  the  chlorides, 
a  large  amount  may  be  present  without  inconvenience 
as  to  fluidity.  It  is,  of  course,  an  advantage  to  be 
able  to  work  on  ores  with  little  metallic  content.  It 
is  quite  easy  to  work  with  the  metallic  contents  only 


half  the  ore,  or  even  less.  Poorer  ores  can  be  made 
workable  by  addition  of  those  with  more  metal.  The 
temperature  depends  on  the  metals  in  the  ore  too. 
Thus  blende  heats  much  more  than  copper  sulphide; 
so  that,  other  things  being  equal,  a  copper  ore  with 
little  zinc  should  be  run  through  faster,  or  mixed  with, 
say,  a  zinc-lead  ore. 

To  return  to  the  working  of  the  transformer,  it  is 
started  with  the  remains  of  the  last  charge,  and  then 
chlorine  and  ore  supplied  till  it  is  full.  The  regula- 
tion needs  no  skill.  A  hole  can  be  opened  at  the  top 
of  the  transformer,  and  as  it  is  connected  through 
the  sulphur  chamber  to  a  chimney  there  is  a  gentle 
suction.  This  draws  air  in  the  hole,  which  burns  the 
sulphur  vapor.  The  blue  flame  shows  there  is  enough 
ore.  If  too  little  is  fed,  fumes  of  ferric  chloride  fill 
the  top  of  the  transformer  and  pass  into  the  sulphur. 
This  is  to  be  carefully  avoided,  and  there  should  be 
excess  of  sulphides  in  the  transformer  until  the  end 
of  the  charge.  At  the  end  the  ore  is  stopped,  and 
the  transformer  run  till  brown  fumes  appear.  These 
are  by-passed  round  the  sulphur  chamber.  The 
charge  is  then  run  out  and  allowed  to  cool. 

At  first  great  difficulty  was  expected  in  pumping 
the  chlorine,  as  a  pressure  of  some  ten  to  fifteen 
pounds  on  the  inch  is  needed  when  the  transformer  is 
nearly  full.  The  pumping  presents  ho  difficulty,  and 
a  chlorine  pump  will  run  day  and  night  continuously 
without  trouble.  The  well-known  patented  method 
with  sulphuric  acid  flooded  pumps  would  have  been 
available;  but  such  complications  are  quite  unneces- 
sary with  dry  chlorine.  The  dryness  is  of  vital  import- 
ance here. 

We  now  come  to  the  intermediate  or  chemical  stage 
of  the  process.  This  varies  with  the  ore  used.  We 
may  take  the  Broken  Hill  slimes,  and  imagine  there 
is  copper,  too.  This  would  be  about  as  troublesome 
an  ore  as  we  could  have.  We  have  used  the  Broken 
Hill  ore  and  mixed  it  with  a  Tasmanian  copper  ore, 
but  we  have  chiefly  worked  on  it  alone.  The  fused 
mass  from  the  transformer  consists  of  chlorides  of 
lead,  zinc,  iron,  manganese,  copper,  silver  and 
gangue.  It  is  run  into  water  and  through  a  filter 
press  when  cool  enough.  This  takes  out  the  gangue 
and  lead  chloride,  carrying  most  of  the  silver.  The 
gangue  is  easily  separated  from  the  lead  and  silver 
chlorides,  and  these  chlorides  are  then  dried  and 
fused  in  contact  with  lead  which  extracts  the  silver 
and  any  gold;  and  then  with  zinc,  which  gives  lead, 
practically  pure,  and  anhydrous  neutral  zinc  chloride, 
which  is  ready  for  the  electrolysis  vats. 

The  filtrate  from  the  press  contains  a  little  lead 
and  silver  in  solution,  and  copper,  iron,  manganese 
and  zinc.  The  lead  and  silver  are  taken  out  with 
spongy  copper.  The  copper  is  taken  out  as  sponge 
or  "cement"  by  zinc,  and  we  have  left  iron,  manga- 
nese and  zinc  chlorides. 

The  iron  is  chlorinated  up  to  the  ferric  state,  and 
zinc  oxide  is  added  to  cause  precipitation.  This 
throws  down  hydrated  ferric  oxide.  This  is  the  base 
of  iron  paint,  and  is  marketable,  its  value  depending 
on  the  color  obtained.  The  solution  is  further  chlo- 
rinized  in  presence  of  more  zinc  oxide,  and  the  man- 
ganese goes  down  as  peroxide. 

We  have  now  substituted  zinc  for  all  the  other 
metals  in  their  chlorides,  and  have  nothing  left  but 
zinc  chloride.  This  is  evaporated  down  carefully  and 
fused.  This  decomposes  some  of  the  chloride  and 
makes  an  oxychloride.  Steinhart  evaporates  in 
vacuo  to  produce  neutral  anhydrous  zinc  chloride. 
We  have  not  done  this;  we  find  that  with  cautious 
boiling  down  there  is  not  much  oxygen  in  the  final 
result.  This  is  got  rid  of  in  open  preliminary  vats, 
which  use  inexpensive  anodes,  which  are  gradually 
used  up.  The  consumption  is  less  than  if  all  the 
oxygen  went  off  as  monoxide.  The  anhydrous  neu- 
tral chloride  from  these  vats  is  then  added  to  that 
from  the  lead  chloride  substitution,  and  is  taken  to 
the  final  electrolysis  vats. 

The  electrolysis  vats  are  internally  heated,  as  in 
the  case  of  aluminum.  The  cathode  is  fused  zinc, 
and  the  anode  is  carbon.  Some  makes  of  carbon  do 
not  stand  well,  but  suitable  carbons  serve  to  stand 
permanently.  Of  course  chlorine  has  no  action  on 
the  carbons.  The  vats  are  kept  under  a  very  light 
suction,  so  that  if  there  are  any  leaks  air  goes  in  in- 
stead of  chlorine  coming  out.  The  carbons  are  not 
hot  enough  to  be  burnt  by  this  small  admission  of 
air.  As  the  vats  are  kept  warm  by  the  excess  of 
the  electrical  power  over  the  chemical,  the  larger 
the  cell  the  lower  the  electromotive  force,  so  that  if 
the  cell  were  large  enough  we  could  get  down 
nearly  to  the  electromotive  force  corresponding  to 
the  heat  of  formation  of  zinc  chloride  at  that  tem- 
perature. So  far  3000  amperes  has  been  the  current 
used,  but  this  means  a  very  small  vat.  The  output 
of  fused  salt  vats  is  enormous  in  comparison  with 
aqueous  work.  A  10,000  vat  is  now  being  tried. 
Above  that  size  the  current  will  be  inconvenient. 
With  the  small  vats  four  volts  per  cell  is  needed, 
with  10,000  amperes  three  should  do.  It  is  best  to 
count  on  four;  this  allowance  ought  to  cover  the 
power  for  the  preliminary  electrolysis  too.  The  cur- 
rent efficiency  is  practically  unity.  Zinc  smoke  is  of 
course  formed  if  the  temperature  is  too  high.  The 
vats  are  very  simple;  merely  iron  cases  lined  with 
fire  brick.  The  chloride  soaks  into  the  porous  brick 
and  solidifies  somewhere,  so  it  is  really  a  vat  with 
zinc  chloride  walls. 

(to  be  continued.) 


August  8,  Hiu:j. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


83 


Spitzkasten  and  Spitzlutten. 

Written  for  the  Miking  and  Scientific  Press. 

Spitzkasten  consist  of  a  series  of  devices  for  con- 
centrating pulverized  ores  by  means  of  water.  The 
device  is  of  German  origin  and  has  been  in  use  in 
Europe  for  many  years.  Spitzkasten  in  one  form  or 
another  are  also  in  use  in  many  concentrating  mills 
in  the  United  States  and  elsewhere.  The  form  of 
construction  is  various  and  the  principles  depended 
upon  to  effect  the  concentration  of  the  material 
under  treatment  also  vary  somewhat.  By  means  of 
spitzkasten  and  spitzlutte  concentration  of  the  pulp 
from  stamping  or  grinding  mills  is  carried  on  contin- 
uously and  automatically.  The  spitzkasten  as  usually 
made  are  rectangular  boxes  having  a  pointed  bot- 
tom, into  which  the  pulp  is  discharged  from  a  laun- 
der leading  from  the  mill.  In  the  bottom  of  the  box 
at  the  point,  or  lowest  dej  ression,  is  an  orifice  which 
may  be  enlarged  or  reduced  at  will.  Through  this 
the  coarse  material  passes,  while  the  finer  slimes,  re- 
maining longer  in  suspension  in  the  water,  flow  out 
near  the  top  through  a  launder,  and  are  carried 
onward  for  a  second  or  further  treatment.  Often 
the  box,  instead  of  having  a  four-sided,  pointed  bot- 
tom, is  simply  a  V-shaped  box,  2  feet  or  more  in 
depth,  with  a  deeper  depression  at  one  end.  This  is 
also  fitted  with  an  outlet  at  the  lowest  point  of  the 
box.  In  some  of  these  classifiers  a  stream  of  water 
under  moderate  pressure  is  introduced  at  or  near 
the  bottom,  which  causes  the  slimes  to  continue  in 
suspension  longer  and  consequently  effect  a  more 
complete  separation  from  the  coarse  material. 

The  accompanying  illustration  (Fig.  1)  is  that  of  a 
classifier  employed  at  the  slimes  plant  of  the  Zeila 
mine  at  Jackson,  Cal.,  and  will  give  an  idea  of  the 
construction  of  one  of  these  hydraulic  sizers  or  classi- 
fiers. The  pulp  falling  from  a  launder  into  the  V- 
shaped  box  passes  to  the  first  outlet,  near  the  center 


This  pipe  is  connected  with  a  tank  (not  shown)  at  a 
sufficient  height  to  give  the  required  head.  The 
finer  slimes  are  separated  and  washed  out  at  the  point 
cc',  where  they  run  into  the  trough  EE',  surround- 
ing the  outer  cone,  and  are  carried  away  for  subse- 
quent treatment  by  the  spout  F.  The  larger  and 
heavier  particles  of  mineral  fall  into  the  hopper  A, 
beneath  the  cones,  and  are  drawn  off  through  the 
stop  cock  6  on  to  a  jig  or  other  device  for  further  con- 
centration. By  raising  or  lowering  the  inner  cone, 
by  the  screw  and  nut  EE',  the  space  at  the  point  of 
discharge  can  be  increased  or  decreased.  It  is  essen- 
tial that  this  annular  space  be  the  same  area  as  the 
area  of  the  circular  space  beneath  the  inner  cone  at 
H,  so  that  the  up-flow  of  water  will  be  of  uniform 
velocity  from  the  starting  point  at  H  to  the  dis- 
charge at  cc'.  This  flow  is  regulated  by  means  of 
the  valve  K,  and  by  it  the  percentage  of  slimes  sepa- 
rated can  be  controlled.  The  stop  cock  at  G  is  only 
opened  sufficiently  to  allow  the  ore  that  falls  into  the 
hopper  A  to  run  off." 

The  form  of  sizer  above  described  is  better  suited 
to  the  treatment  of  material  containing  coarse  par- 
ticles— 18  or  20  mesh,  as  well  as  slimes — and  is 
adapted  to  ores  which,  owing  to  their  tendency  to 
slime,  such  as  galena,  gray  copper,  etc.,  are  crushed 
through  rolls  in  preference  to  stamps.  The  spitz- 
lutte is  placed  at  a  point  intermediate  between  the 
crushing  machine  and  some  mechanical  concentrat- 
ing device,  usually  a  jig,  but  by  careful  arrangement 


plane,  so  to  speak,  and  becomes  by  his  failures  an 
obstacle  in  progress. 

There  are  blunders  enough  at  best,  even  when 
we  proceed  by  logical  or  analytical  methods,  and  un- 
derstand the  limitations  of  human  effort,  especially 
when  the  very  foundations  of  our  physical  laws  are 
threatened  by  radio-activity. 

Not  a  steam  stamp  or  one  machine  scheme  in  a 
thousand  is  treated  as  does  Mr.  Fitch  in  his  essay, 
and  if  I  am  in  the  mining  business  when  he  makes 
the  first  direct  stamp  he  can  enter  my  order  for  the 
machine.  J.  Richards. 

San  Anselmo,  Cal.     July  31. 


The  Guadaloupe  y  Calvo  District, 
Chihuahua,  flexico.* 

NUMBER    IV— CONCLUDED. 
Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  H.  z.  Osborne. 

At  Los  Tarros  there  is  a  10-stamp  mill,  idle.  Four 
hours'  travel  a  little  west  of  north  of  Los  Tarros  is 
Boborigame,  in  a  valley  2  or  3  miles  in  width,  sur- 
rounded by  high  mountains.  Its  elevation  is  5500 
feet.  A  postoffice  is  located  here,  with  a  semi- 
weekly  mail.  It  is  the  center  of  a  rich  mineral  sec- 
tion. 

Three  hours  west  from   Boborigame  is  Cebollitos, 


The-  HAf^gftic  Sepa^ato^ 
£eila  Suites  Piant. 


Pig.  1. 


Fig.  2. 


of  the  box.  This  consists  of  a  pipe  within  which  is  a 
smaller  pipe  having  perforations,  bored  in  such  a 
way  that  the  water  in  this  pipe  under  pressure  is 
forced  outward  and  upward  in  the  form  of  a  number 
of  jets,  as  shown  in  the  smaller  sketch.  This  causes 
a  violent  ebullition  of  the  sands,  the  finer  material 
constantly  rising  in  the  outer  tube  and  overflowing 
into  the  main  box,  while  the  coarse  sands  pass  out  at 
the  bottom.  The  fine  pulp  from  the  first  pipe  seeks 
the  second  outlet,  where  it  is  subjected  to  similar 
treatment,  the  slimes  rising  again  and  eventually  find- 
ing an  outlet  through  the  discharge  end  of  the  sizer, 
while  the  "middlings"  escape  from  the  bottom  of 
the  second  pipe.  The  discharge  from  these  pipes 
may  be  retreated  or  not,  depending  on  their  value, 
but  the  primary  object  has  been  accomplished,  that 
of  separating  the  coarse  from  the  fine  material,  as 
both  cannot  be  successfully  concentrated  at  a  single 
operation.  The  slimes  overflowing  from  the  classi- 
fier are  sent  to  the  canvas  tables  for  further  concen- 
tration by  that  method. 

The  spitzlutte  is  somewhat  different  in  construc- 
tion, though  also  of  variable  size  and  form.  The 
spitzlutte  is  usually  (but  not  always)  cone-shaped. 
One  form  of  spitzlutte  which  gives  satisfaction  is  thus 
described  by  H.  E.  Armitage  :  * 

"The  spitzlutte  consists  of  two  inverted  cones,  one 
inside  the  other.  The  inner  cone  is  suspended  from 
the  frame  by  a  threaded  bolt  EE'  fastened  to  the 
crossbar  aa'  on  the  cone.  (See  sketch,  Fig.  2.)  The 
outer  cone  rests  on  the  dead-water  tank  cc'.  The 
slimes  run  into  the  inner  cone  and  pass  out  through 
the  perforations  B  in  the  bottom,  into  the  space  be- 
tween the  two  cones.  Here  they  encounter  an  up- 
ward current  of  water  coming  from   the  pipe   bb'. 

•Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mir.  Engs.,  Vol.  XVIII,  r.  2)7. 


it  will  also  size  material  containing  no  grains  larger 
than  those  which  will  pass  a  30  or  40-mesh  screen. 
As  will  be  observed  from  the  above,  the  whole 
success  of  the  operation  depends  upon  the  proper 
adjustment  of  the  areas  through  which  the  material 
passes.  The  character  of  the  material  under  treat- 
ment determines  the  quantity  and  pressure  of  water 
introduced  through  the  clear-water  pipe. 

Direct  Steam  Ore  Stamps. 

To  the  Editor: — Mr.  Charles  H.  Fitch,  who  writes 
in  your  issue  of  July  11  on  "Direct  Steam  Ore 
Stamps,"  has  paid1  the  writer  a  compliment  which  I 
am  able  to  return,  and  at  the  same  time  perhaps 
contribute  something  of  interest  to  your  readers, 
not  concerning  ore  processes  of  which  we  know  little 
or  nothing,  but  by  pointing  out  Mr.  Fitch's  article 
as  the  best  example  of  analytical  treatment  for 
problems  of  a  "  dynamic-economic  "  nature  that  has 
appeared  for  years. 

Constructive  engineering  work  is  successful,  or 
otherwise,  just  as  the  designer  has  proceeded  by  a 
logical  and  analytical  course,  aided,  of  course,  by 
experience,  and  it  is  not  often  that  we  find  in  so 
prosaic  a  branch  as  ore  crushing  an  essay  of  this 
nature. 

I  commend  it  to  the  hundreds  of  engineering 
students  in  colleges  as  a  classic  in  technical  litera- 
ture— one  that  more  than  indicates  the  true  and 
only  road  to  successful  design  and  construction  of 
machines  of  any  kind  involving  non-computable  forces 
and  obscure  conditions  of  operating. 

The  factors  are  all  in,  "  down  to  the  grease,"  and 
the  method  pursued  is  the  antithesis  of  the  in- 
genious,   contrived  of  things  that  see  only  in    one 


at  an  elevation  of  6500  feet,  where  is  located  the 
Santa  Nina  gold  mine.  Considerable  surface  work 
along  the  vein  for  300  or  400  feet  was  done  thirty  or 
forty  years  ago.  Later  some  Americans  sunk  a 
shaft  100  feet,  and  ran  a  drift  about  200  or  300  feet 
to  get  under  these  old  workings,  which  are  said  to 
have  been  in  high-grade  ore.  They  encountered  a 
flow  of  water,  however,  which  their  limited  facilities 
would  Dot  permit  them  to  handle,  and  work  was 
abandoned. 

About  two  hours  south  of  Cebollitos  is  the  Los 
Angeles  mine,  owned  by  Dr.  Wilson,  Mr.  Cowan  and 
Mr.  Syme,  Americans.  A  considerable  amount  of 
development  work  has  been  done  at  this  mine,  on  a 
vein  averaging  4  or  5  feet  in  width  and  varying  from 
2  to  15  feet.  Three  tunnels  have  been  run,  the  two 
first  for  a  length  of  300  or  400  feet  on  the  vein,  and 
the  third,  at  a  vertical  depth  of  about  250  feet,  for 
about  150  feet.  A  2-stamp,  triple-discharge  mill  has 
worked  about  3000  tons  of  ore,  which  is  said  to  have 
yielded  over  $40,000,  and  the  tailings  are  said  to 
assay  over  $10.  The  best  ore  only  was  worked.  The 
vein  is  said  to  average  over  a  half  ounce  gold 
throughout. 

Southeast  of  the  Los  Angeles  mine  are  the  old 
Santa  Cruz  mine  and  Mala  Noche,  the  former  about 
two  hours  and  the  latter  about  five  hours,  over  r;ugh 
trails.  The  mountains  in  this  section  are  more  cut 
up  and  uneven  than  they  are  east  of  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo.  Not  infrequently  there  are  evidences  of  min- 
ing done  in  the  past,  in  old  tunnels  or  inclines,  and 
ruins  of  adobe  smelters,  or  arrastras.  The  "  anti- 
guas "   are  for   the  most  part  silver  mines,  as  the 

ancients  "  did  not  seem  to  be  attracted  by  gold  as 
they  are  nowadays.     There   are   great  numbers  of 

*$ee  Illustrations  on  front  page. 


84 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


gold  veins  in  this  section,  but  the  croppings  are  gen- 
erally of  low  grade,  and  the  Mexicans  will  not  work 
veins  that  are  not  rich  enough  from  the  surface  to  ad- 
mit of  working  in  tahonas,  or  arrastras,  and  when  the 
ore  body  is  worked  out,  or  the  pay  ends,  or  water 
appears,  work  ceases,  As  a  rule,  therefore,  very 
little  work  has  been  done  on  the  gold  veins.  They 
are  generally  in  porphyry  and  the  gangue  is  reddish 
quartz.  In  the  case  of  the  Los  Angeles  mine  the 
vein  is  thoroughly  oxidized  to  depth  of  200  feet,  with 
no  sulphides  showing  in  the  tunnel  at  that  level.  In 
other  mines,  as  at  the  Guadaloupe  and  Clemencia,  at 
La  Cumbre,  the  sulphides  of  iron  show  in  less  than 
100  feet  from  the  surface. 

At  Santa  Cruz  is  an  old  silver  mine,  said  to  have 
been  a  large  producer  in  its  day.  Between  Santa 
Cruz  and  Mala  Noche  are  a  great  many  unprospected 
veins,  crossed  by  the  trail.  At  Mala  Noche  an  Ameri- 
can, Mr.  Lafayette  of  Indian  Territory,  in  company 
with  Charles  S.  Coleman,  has  purchased  a  number  of 
"antiguas,"  carrying  copper,  silver  and  gold,  of  a 
promising  character.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  own- 
ers to  open  up  these  veins,  most  of  which  are  of  con- 
siderable size. 

From  Mala  Noche  it  is  two  hours  south  to  Cerro 
Colorado,  or  "Red  Hill."  This  hill,  or  mountain,  is 
opposite  the  old  San  Manuel  mine,  which  has  a  his- 
tory as  a  silver  producer.  Red  Hill  is  owned  by 
Americans — George  D.  Moulton  of  Dennison,  Texas, 
and  T.  E.  Ivey  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  As  its  name  im- 
plies, this  hill  is  distinguished  by  its  red  color.  It 
contains  several  large  veins  and  a  good  many  smaller 
ones.  The  Indio  is  the  most  promising  vein,  from  5 
to  14  feet  wide,  and  carries  gold,  silver  and  lead.  La 
Reforma,  another  big  vein,  carries  copper  and  silver, 
stringers  and  bunches  of  which  are  of  high  grade. 
The  Plomoso  vein  is  mostly  lead.  There  are  a  large 
number  of  other  veins  on  the  hill,  but  little  work  has 
been  done  on  any  of  them. 

About  three  hours  travel  from  Red  Hill,  but  2  or  3 
miles  only  distant  in  a  direct  line,  are  the  veins  of  the 
Rincon  de  Alisos.  There  are  gold  veins,  showing 
some  very  rich  ore  at  and  near  the  surface.  The 
rich  bunches  in  the  Ojito  vein  are  in  hematite.  The 
vein  is  from  2  to  5  feet  wide,  in  porphyry.  Higher 
up  on  the  mountain  the  porphyry  is  overlaid  with 
"cantara,"  and  lower  down,  about  1  mile  distant, 
granite  is  exposed.  La  Leona  embraces  three  par- 
allel veins,  in  a  width  of  80  feet.  These  veins  vary  in 
width  from  1  to  10  feet.  They  are  of  black  quartz, 
with  a  little  copper  stain.  The  ore,  however,  is  low 
grade. 

Seven  hours  southwesterly  from  Rincon  de 
Alisos  is  La  Cumbre.  The  trail  passes  through 
the  hamlet  of  Cinco  Iagus  (Five  Wounds),  crosses 
the  Bazonopa  river,  one  of  the  forks  of  the 
Sinaloa,  at  Las  Placeritas,  3200  feet  above 
sea  level,  and  again  ascends  the  mountains,  La 
Cumbre  being  6800  feet  above  sea  level.  There 
are  many  veins  in  this  section,  of  which  the  Guada- 
loupe,  or  Fortuna,  is  the  principal  one.  The  Clemen- 
cia, owned  by  a  Texas  company,  of  which  George  D. 
Moulton  of  Dennison  is  the  head,  has  a  vein  that 
shows  a  width  of  26  feet,  which  is  apparently  an  ex- 
tension of  the  Guadaloupe,  or  Fortuna,  vein.  The 
Guadaloupe  is  owned  by  a  New  York  company,  which 
at  the  time  of  my  visit  had  done  but  little  work  on 
the  mine.  Its  Mexican  predecessors,  however,  had 
taken  out  the  upper  portion  of  it,  where  oxidized, 
for  a  length  of  fully  1500  feet  or  more  and  worked 
the  ore  in  tahonas.  A  magnificent  vein  is  shown, 
from  8  to  32  feet  in  width.  It  is  said  that  the  owners 
of  the  Guadaloupe  will  commence  extensive  work  on 
the  mine  this  fall.  There  are  several  other  veins 
that  have  yielded  more  or  less  gold,  and  a  10- 
stamp  mill  is  kept  employed  on  ores  from  the 
various  mines  pretty  regularly.  All  the  ore 
is  packed  on  burros  from  1  to  3  or  4  miles 
over  steep  trails.  While  packing  is  done  much 
cheaper  than  it  can  be  done  in  the  United  States,  it 
is  still  an  expensive  way  to  handle  ore,  and  none  but 
that  of  good  grade  can  be  worked  at  a  profit.  Mr. 
Weed,  in  the  paper  heretofore  referred  to,  gave  the 
following  description  of  the  geology  of  La  Cumbre 
mines : 

"  The  older  rocks  are  andesites,  altered  breccias 
and  lava  flows,  baked  and  recrystallized  near  the 
diorite  intrusions  which  cut  through  them.  These 
diorites  are  coarsely  granular,  and  in  appearance 
are  dark-colored  granites.  Both  diorite  and  ande- 
site  were  eroded,  at  a  period  when  the  rhyolitic- 
dacite  eruptions  began,  into  a  mountainous  country 
as  rough  as  that  now  seen,  so  that  these  recent 
rocks  now  covering  the  summits  form  the  mountain 
spurs,  and  are  cut  into  deep  canyons  by  the  Bazo- 
nopa river.  Before  the  rhyolitic  intrusions  occurred 
the  country  was  extensively  fissured,  and  quartz 
veins  were  formed  traversing  the  andesites  ■  and 
granites.  These  veins  are  particularly  large  and 
well  developed  in  the  Guadaloupe  and  Fortuna  prop- 
erties at  La  Cumbre,  and  though  they  pass  under 
the  rhyolite  caps,  and  their  absolute  identity  is  lost, 
the  group  of  veins  of  which  the  Fortuna  is  a  part  can 
be  traced  for  several  miles.  Their  course  is  nearly 
east  and  west  (north  70°  east  mag.),  and  the  dip  is 
toward  the  south.  The  Fortuna  vein  shows  from  8 
to  32  feet  of  quartz,  but  the  hanging  and  foot  walls 
show  decomposed  rock,  and  crosscuts  show  much 
alteration  for  many  feet  on  each  side  of  the 
vein.     This  alteration  has  caused  the  complete  disap- 


pearance of  the  dark-colored  minerals  of  the  rock, 
whose  iron  has  united  with  the  sulphur  of  the  circu- 
lating water  and  formed  pyrite,  partly  in  little  veins, 
but  mainly  as  disseminated  crystals. 

"The  vein  outcrops  are  well-defined  reefs,  which 
usually  stand  in  relief  above  the  slopes.  The  vein 
filling  consists  of  white  and  blue  quartz,  with  pyrite 
scattered  through  it,  together  with  some  chalco- 
pyrite  and  zincblende.  The  capping  of  oxidized  ore 
is  very  thin,  the  sulphides  being  encountered  but  a 
few  feet  below  the  surface.  Bunches  of  very  rich  ore 
sometimes  occur,  and  usually  with  a  green  quartz, 
colored  by  a  mica,  whose  appearance  strongly  sug- 
gests the  vanadium-mica  (roscoelite)  which,  accord- 
ing to  Lindgren,  is  commonly  associated  with  the  rich- 
est gold  ore  of  California.  This  ore  and  the  rosy  ore 
of  somewhat  lower  value  often  occur  as  shells  encas- 
ing nodular  masses  of  zincblende. 

"The  character  of  the  quartz,  the  lack  of  comb 
structure,  and  the  evidence  of  replacement  of  frag- 
ments of  the  crushed  granite  and  andesite,  indicate 
that  the  vein  is  largely  formed  as  the  result  of  re- 
placement. The  decomposition  of  the  country  rock 
confirms  this,  and  in  the  coarse-grained  granite  the 
character  of  the  vein  is  identical  with  the  copper 
veins  of  Butte,  Mont.,  which  are  typical  examples  of 
replacement  veins." 

Altogether,  the  country  between  Guadaloupe  y 
Calvo  and  La  Cumbre  is  most  interesting,  and  is 
likely  to  develop  some  valuable  mines.  Besides  the 
points  which  I  visited,  there  are  several  others  in 
the  neighborhood  which  have  either  developed  mines 
or  excellent  prospects,  as  at  San  Jose,  San  Juan, 
Chicuris,  Callabocillos  and  San  Jose  de  Gracia.     The 


Tangential  Water  Wheel  Efficiencies. 

The  above  is  the  title  of  an  exhaustive  treatise  by 
Geo.  J.  Henry,  Jr.,  member  A.  S.  M.  E.,  associate 
member  A.  I.  E.  E.,  being  an  experimental  investi- 
gation of  the  relative  values  of  different  bucket 
shapes,  in  the  shape  of  a  paper  read  before  the  Pa- 
cific Coast  Electric  Transmission  Association  at 
San  Rafael,  Cal.,  June  16,  1903.  It  is  copyrighted, 
1903,  by  Geo.  J.  Henry,  Jr.  Mr.  Henry  is  the  chief 
engineer  of  the  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co.  In  the 
paper  Mr.  Henry  states  that  the  conclusions  arrived 
at  are  not  "  theories  deduced  entirely  on  paper,  but 
are  the  result  of  an  elaborate  series  of  experiments 
carried  out  since  1899  in  the  special  laboratory  of 
the  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co.,  with  a  view  to  scientif- 
ically and  practically  determining,  beyond  a  doubt, 
the  relative  advantage  of  different  bucket  shapes." 

"  To  obtain  the  best  efficiencies  it  is  necessary  to 
have  the  proper  pipe  line,  gate  valves,  nozzles, 
water  wheels  and  buckets,  wheel  case,  wheel  pit  and 
tail  race,  and  all  of  these  parts  must  be  properly  de- 
signed for  the  particular  conditions  under  which 
they  are  to  operate,  and  all  will  vary  with  the  head 
or  pressure — the  water  quantity  and  the  revolutions 
which  the  wheel  is  to  make.  Many  a  water  wheel 
bucket  has  been  overworked  for  years,  and  then 
charged  up  with  losses  that  occur  because  of  its  be- 
ing improperly  worn,  due  to  this  overwork.  Again, 
buckets  are  frequently  charged  up  with  all  kinds  of 
losses  which  are  really  due  to  something  for  which 
the  bucket  is  not  responsible.     Pressure,  or  wheel 


One  of  the  Pieces  of  Experimental  Apparatus  as  Used  in  the  Investigations,  Showing  the  Arc  Light  and  Shutter   for  Illumination, 
the  Wheel  and  Nozzle  Enclosed  in  a  Plate  Glass  Case,  Prony  Brake  and  Accessory  Measuring  Apparatus. 


mineral  belt,  with  a  considerable  percentage  of  gold 
veins,  extends  both  northerly  and  southerly  from  this 
locality.  To  the  north  is  Batopilas,  Chinipas  and 
Choix,  and  to  the  south  San  Dimas  and  the  rich  mines 
of  Durango. 

The  advantages  of  this  section  are  a  good  growth 
of  timber  generally  throughout  the  mountains — pine, 
oak  and  madrona — and  usually  the  country  is  well 
watered.  Neither  timber  nor  water  is  so  abundant 
as  it  is  in  the  mountain  regions  of  California,  but  they 
are  incomparably  better  than  in  Nevada  and  Ari- 
zona. Labor  is  cheap— from  $1  to  $2  Mexican  for 
miners,  car  men,  etc.,  but,  of  course,  it  is  not  so  effi- 
cient as  American  labor.  Nearly  all  kinds  of  work 
are  done  on  a  stent  system.  When  a  man  has  drilled 
the  required  length  of  hole  or  holes,  or  moved  the 
quantity  of  ore,  his  day's  work  is  over.  If  he  fails  to 
perform  the  required  work,  it  is  deducted  from  his 
wages  proportionately.  The  climate  is  generally 
good  in  the  mountains. 

The  disadvantages  are  the  difficulties  of  transpor- 
tation and  the  isolation  from  the  world  that  life  there 
requires.  Everything  from  outside  must  be  brought 
in  on  pack  mules,  and  the  trip,  either  from  Parral  or 
the  coast,  takes  eighteen  or  twenty  days.  The  cost 
is  not  so  great  as  might  be  expected,  the  charges  for 
packing  from  either  Parral  or  the  coast  being  from 
$8  to  $12  Mexican  per  carga  of  300  pounds.  This  is 
a  slow  way  to  get  in  reduction  works,  but  at  present 
it  is  the  only  way.  An  infinite  amount  of  patience 
and  hope,  as  well  as  considerable  money  and  experi- 
ence, is  required  for  successful  mining  in  this  part  of 
Mexico.  With  this  combination,  however,  I  doubt  if 
I  have  ever  seen  a  country  that  afforded  more  oppor- 
tunities for  successful  mining  ventures  than  the  sec- 
tion of  which  this  article  treats. 


diameter,  or  speed  on  a  given  wheel,  cannot  be  var- 
ied radically  without  materially  altering  the  effi- 
ciency." 

In  his  discussion  of  the  subject,  Mr.  Henry  argues 
that  "to  obtain  the  best  possible  bucket  efficiency 
it  is  necessary  that  the  water  jet  be  taken  up  on  the 
bucket  surface  and  brought  to  as  near  rest  as  pos- 
sible with  the  least  loss  of  energy." 

The  several  causes  of  loss  of  energy  and  the 
methods  of  correcting  those  losses  are  taken  up,  Mr. 
Henry  stating  that  "every  water  wheel  plant  has 
all  of  these  losses  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  and  it 
is  obvious  that  when  80%  is  then  obtained  from  an 
operating  wheel,  the  improvement  of  any  one  of 
these,  or,  for  that  matter,  the  entire  elimination  of 
any  single  loss,  if  this  were  possible,  would  not,  to 
any  great  extent,  improve  any  wheel's  gross  effi- 
ciency. The  writer  has  a  number  of  times  obtained 
as  high  as  90%  efficiency  in  laboratory  tests  on  buck- 
ets only." 

He  continues:  "Let  us  give  some  attention  to 
the  above  detailed  losses  and  endeavor,  as  far  as 
possible,  to  determine  those  points,  the  careful  cal- 
culation of  which  will  obtain  for  us  the  best  possible 
tangential  water  wheel  bucket. 

"1.  Given  a  certain  stream  of  water  at  a  given 
spouting  velocity,  it  is  advisable  that  this  be  taken 
upon  the  bucket  surfaces  of  just  enough  buckets  to 
catch  every  particle  of  water  upon  the  dividing 
wedges  and  turn  it  all  on  the  curved  surfaces,  and 
discharge  it  at  just  enough  velocity  (and  entirely 
in  a  direction  at  right  angles  to  the  entering  stream 
axis)  to  clear  the  next  following  bucket.  This  re- 
sulting velocity  will  be  the  tangent  of  the  discharge 
angle,  multiplied  by  bucket  velocity. 

"2.     The  air  and  surface  friction  must  be  main- 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


83 


tained  as  small  as  possible  by  the  use  of  a  nozzle  which 
will  give  a  perfectly  circular  and  solid  stream.  The 
bucket  surface  and  cutting  edges  must  be  of  a  shape 
which,  with  a  minimum  wetted  surface,  will  allow  the 
stream,  without  crowding  at  any  point,  to  spread 
out  in  a  thin  fan-like  discharge  on  each  side.  The 
surface  must  be  such  that  the  water  will  not  adhere, 
and  as  smooth  as  possible. 

"The  surface  may  be  ground  and  polished,  or 
better,  ground  and  well  painted  with  a  special  com- 
pound. If  all  of  these  points  are  carefully  studied 
out  and  the  front  of  the  bucket  properly  shaped  and 
not  cut  away  too  low,  the  imprisoned  water  will  not 
cause  any  appreciable  loss. 

"  The  windage  will  also  be  a  minimum  if  the  number 
and  surface  of  the  buckets  is  a  minimum. 

"The  above  losses  and  considerations  for  their 
prevention  are  all  of  such  a  nature,  and  so  entirely 
interdependent,  that  their  quantitative  value  cannot 
be  predetermined  except  in  a  general  way.  In  de- 
signing a  water  wheel,  however,  it  is  certain  that 
the  exercise  of  the  most  careful  judgment  is  neces- 
sary in  the  laying  out  of  the  surfaces,  so  that  all  the 
losses,  or  at  least  their  sum,  or  total  bucket  loss, 
will  be  kept  down.  Thus,  if  too  much  bucket  surface 
be  allowed,  we  increase  both  surface  friction  and 
windage  for  a  given  output,  and  if  we  attempt  to  cut 
these  down  by  reducing  the  surface,  we  crowd  the 
stream,  so  that  eddy  currents  will  occur  and  the 
stream  will  not  properly  discharge  from  the  bucket 
side." 

Following  is  a  discussion  of  different  shapes,  styles 
and  makes,  profusely  illustrated,  designed  to  rein- 
force the  writer's  argument  and  conclusions.  The 
forty-three  page  pamphlet  is  a  notable  addition  to 
current  technical  literature  on  a  subject  of  great 
importance  to  the  mining  and  engineering  world. 

Locke  Automatic  Shut-off   Valve. 


The  Locke  automatic  valve,  illustrated  herewith, 
is  designed  to  remedy  the  number  of  accidents 
occurring  wherever  high  pressure  steam  is  being 
used,  and  to  do  away  with  the  dreadful  result  when 
the  contents  of  steam  boilers  are  suddenly  discharged 
into  confined  boiler  and  engine  rooms. 

A<  12-inch  valve  of  this  kind  was  placed  on  the 
steam  main  at  the  plant  of  the  Fall  River  Manufac- 
turing Co.,  Fall  River,  Mass.,  on  account  of  a  nerv- 


ous feeling  that  had  existed  for  some  time  respect- 
ing the  safety  of  the  engine  and  steam  pipes.  The 
superintendent  and  engineer  were  standing,  one  on 
either  side  of  the  steam  cylinder  of  the  engine,  when, 
without  warning,  the  cylinder  was  broken  apart 
across  the  valve  ports.  The  superintendent  states 
that  he  supposed  they  had  but  a  moment  to  live 
when  he  heard  what  he  believed  to  be  a  break  of  the 
steam  pipe,  but  to  their  relief  they  found  it  was  the 
closing  of  this  large  automatic  valve.  The  steam  was 
shut  off  so  suddenly  that  the  men  were  not  even 
scalded.  Since  that  time  this  valve  has  been  im- 
proved by  the  addition  of  a  small  electric  valve  by 
which  it  may  be  closed  by  the  pressing  of  an  electric 
button.  These  buttons  may  be  distributed  about  the 
plant  wherever  desired,  constituting  an  effective  en- 
gine stop. 

Further  protection  may  be  secured  by  applying 
their  recently  patented  safety  device,  by  which  the 
engine  is  stopped  when  even  the  cylinder  or  flywheel 
develops  any  weakness,  so  that  the  parts  start  ever 


so  little  from  their  normal  position.  These  valves 
are  constructed  with  a  hand  wheel  and  screws  so 
they  may  be  opened  or  closed  in  the  ordinary  man- 
ner. They  are  manufactured  by  the  Locke  Regu- 
lator Co.,  Salem,  Mass. 

Real  Values  in  Mine  Management. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Charles  H.  F.tcii. 

To  say  that  a  mine  requires  able,  experienced  man- 
agement for  its  profitable  operation  is  in  a  way  beg- 
ging the  question.  It  is  a  trite  admission,  to  which 
no  exception  can  be  taken,  but  it  does  not  indicate 
what  good  management  is.    We  are  left  to  protest : 

O  tell  me  not ;  red  roses — 
That  they  are  surely  red. 

We  can  do  better  than  leave  the  subject  among 
vague  generalities  which  add  nothing  to  our  stock  of 
wisdom. 

Success  is  not  identical  with  good  management. 
More  managers  have  had  their  reputations  made  by 
rich  mines  than  by  management.  A  man  in  charge 
of  a  rich  mine  may  make  mistakes,  but  the  yield  cov- 
ers them  up,  and  there  is  time  for  correction.  So 
long  as  good  dividends  continue  directors  do  not  go 
behind  the  returns  to  seek  for  machinery  of  expen- 
sive first  cost  and  low  efficiency,  nor  for  wasteful 
metallurgical  practice  which  has  lost  grip  on  millions 
which  might  have  been  saved  from  going  "  down  Lost 
creek."  They  let  not  well  enough  alone,  for  the  man- 
agement of  some  profitable  mines  has  been  very 
defective,  and  even  in  these  cases  the  inference  of  a 
great  manager  from  a  great  mine  is  easy  and  pop- 
ular. 

On  the  other  hand,  a  very  capable  manager  may 
struggle  with  insuperable  difficulties.  Such  a  man, 
when  he  ought  to  receive  a  crown  of  glory  for  pro- 
ducing any  dividends  at  all,  is  likely  to  get  scant 
favor  and  small  reputation  because  dividends  are 
small. 

In  justice  to  all  concerned,  we  ought  to  have  some 
ability  to  judge,  not  only  from  results  which  depend 
largely  on  factors  other  than  managerial  ability,  but 
from  methods.  By  analysis  of  methods  we  may  know 
whether  the  best  possible  is  being  done  with  facilities 
available. 

A  manager  may  be  anxious  for  employment  and 
may  accept  a  salary,  and  may  then  be  pinned  down 
to  a  hand-to-mouth  policy  which  prevents  him  from 
doing  well.  Such  a  policy  is  always  uneconomical 
and  can  never  be  justified  except  by  straightened 
circumstances  and  the  day  of  small  and  slow  things. 
Much  money  is  needed  to  fill  out  the  measure  of  an 
able  man's  ability. 

For  example,  there  are  in  Chicago  many  smoking 
chimneys  of  boilers  with  cramped  settings  forced  to 
do  excessive  work.  A  stoker,  no  matter  how  able, 
cannot  stop  the  smoking  unless  he  has  carte  blanche 
to  order  larger  boilers  and  better  settings.  So  no 
capability  in  the  unfortunate  man  subject  to  their 
whims  may  be  able  to  save  the  directors,  who  delude 
themselves  with  the  idea  that  they  can  impose 
cheap,  ineffectual  methods  upon  him,  and  somehow 
skin  through  by  luck  and  escape  the  losing  conse- 
quences of  such  methods.  This  is  worse  than  pure 
speculation,  acting  with  admitted  unwisdom,  and 
looking  to  chance  to  overrule  our  folly  being  a  shade 
less  excusable  than  acting  in  ignorance. 

There  are  a  number  of  leading  considerations  by 
which  management  can  be  judged,  even  by  persons 
not  expert  in  technical  details.  Some  of  these  follow. 
If  the  manager  is  restrained  from  giving  full  exercise 
to  the  best  methods,  he  can  show  what  he  is  made  of 
by  getting  as  near  the  best  as  circumstances  will 
permit. 

1.  Size.— Operations  conducted  on  a  large  scale 
are  much  more  economical  than  small  operations.  If 
a  manager  does  not  plan  for  large  operations,  if  he 
puts  ten  stamps  here  and  five  stamps  there,  instead 
of  combining  all  resources  for  a  large  plant,  he  wastes 
money.  The  manager  of  a  large  Canadian  mine,  a 
few  years  since,  was  charmed  with  the  idea  of  little 
steam  mills  and  put  in  a  number  of  them,  supposing 
that  they  would  be  as  efficient  as  one  large  mill. 
They  proved  more  costly  in  fuel,  in  administration 
and  in  every  way.  He  deliberately  sacrificed  the  ad- 
vantage of  large  units  which  he  might  have  enjoyed, 
and  the  failure  of  the  property  is  charged  to  this 
cause. 

The  preference  for  littleness,  selfishness,  seclusion, 
a  quiet  life,  etc.,  are  all  signs  of  bad  management. 

But,  on  the  other  hand,  prudence  will  point  to 
awful  examples  of  big  mills  with  no  ore  supply.  This 
is  no  excuse  for  smallness.  The  ore  supply  should  be 
first  ascertained.  A  wise  manager  for  a  low-grade 
proposition  will  say:  "  We  must  have  a  big  mill  or 
none.  To  warrant  a  big  mill  we  must  have  a  devel- 
oped mine;  that's  all."  A  foolish  manager  will  say: 
"We  will  put  up  a  little  5-stamp  mill,  and  get  a  little 
money  out  of  the  ground,  and  feel  our  way.  Maybe 
we  have  a  mine;  maybe  not."  This  is  not  judicious. 
It  is  putting  smallness  forward  as  a  security,  while  it 
is  really  doubly  detrimental,  both  in  excessive  ton 
costs  and  in  causing  us  to  shirk  our  real  duty  at  this 
stage  of  the  game — the  determination  of  the  mine. 


2.  Cost  op  Crushing.— It  is  foolish  to  assume  that 
crushing  can  be  done  at  "  not  to  exceed  $1  a  ton." 
This  expression  occurs  so  frequently  in  prospectuses 
that  it  is  entitled  to  the  respect  due  age.  Figures 
for  brittle  heavy  rock  crushed  coarse  in  large  plants 
are  assumed  as  applying  to  tough  light  rock  crushed 
fine  and  requiring  screening  in  steps.  The  latter 
work  may  cost  $10  a  ton,  so  dreams  of  profit  go 
glimmering. 

In  rating  capacity  look  out  for  specific  gravity. 
Crushing  machines  make  little  account  of  weight. 
Bulk  is  what  fills  them  up  and  rehandling  costs  enor- 
mously. The  proper  policy  is  to  ascertain  degree  of 
crushing  truly,  and  do  it  on  as  large  a  scale  as  possi- 
ble, automatically  as  possible,  and  with  as  little  repe- 
tition as  possible. 

3.  Cost  of  Transportation.  —  Great  economies 
can  be  effected  by  aerial  tramways,  automatic  sur- 
face and  underground  systems,  haulage  systems,  and 
air  and  electric  trains.  Cost  of  transportation  can 
be  made  about  as  little  as  expense  of  works  will  allow. 
But  it  is  not  at  all  a  question  of  nerve  to  put  in  an 
expensive  installation.  Heroism  is  not  business. 
Business  wants  to  be  safe.  The  manager  ought  to  be 
so  much  afraid  that  he  will  take  every  precaution. 
The  question  is:  Can  a  good  profit  be  made  in  a 
transportation  investment  ?  Can  a  larger  profit  be 
made  with  it,  interest  on  outlays  and  delays  consid- 
ered, than  without  it  ?  If  in  doubt  we  are  forced 
back  to  the  original  question,  the  crux  of  good  man- 
agement. What  mine  have  we  got  ?  What  is  in  it  ? 
Is  it  worth  while  ? 

4.  Cost  op  Power. — The  most  general  answer  to 
the  question  of  transmission  is  electrical  power. 
This  lends  extension  to  water  power,  but  interest  on 
works  considered  a  large  compound  steam  engine 
can  often  be  made  to  furnish  more  power  for  the 
money,  and  in  a  few  years,  if  not  already,  gas  engines 
will  give  water  power  an  even  sharper  competition. 
A  good  manager  will  look  more  at  the  running  than 
at  the  first  cost.  A  cheap  fuel  eater  will  take  how 
much  mine  working  to  support  ?  That  is  a  good 
way  to  consider  it.  Putting  in  a  first-class  plant, 
obtaining  the  chief  essentials  of  economy,  is  like  buy- 
ing a  mine.  If  the  mine  pays  it  is  worth  buying. 
But  if  the  profit  on  the  mine  is  to  be  run  to  waste  it 
is  love's  labor  lost. 

5.  Cost  op  Labor. — There  may  be  labor  problems 
which  can  best  be  solved  by  severe  discipline,  but  the 
great  trouble  with  mine  labor  everywhere  is  that  it 
is  too  low  grade.  Labor  is  better  humored  than 
fought.  Wars  are  unprofitable.  Firmness  is  essen- 
tial. A  manager  who  wobbles  is  like  a  fly  wheel  out 
of  balance — no  good.  Beyond  that  I  believe  the  hope 
of  this  ticklish  problem  is  to  bring  up  the  standard  of 
intelligence,  of  home  and  family  life,  independent 
manliness,  benevolent  fraternity,  insurance  against 
being  crushed  to  the  wall.  Men  are  driven  to  crime 
by  fear.  If  men  are  secure  they  will  harmonize  and 
pull  all  together.    This  is  profitable. 

Automatic  machinery  is  worth  while  wherever  it 
can  be  introduced.  Give  a  good  mechanical  engineer 
your  problem.  There  are  many  cases  where  he  can 
put  in  mechanical  devices  which  will  earn  splendid 
salaries,  and  turn  them  over  to  your  profit. 

6.  Cost  op  Roofing. — Where  a  heavy  expense  of 
mine  timbering  must  be  met  there  is  a  greater  mar- 
gin for  system  and  ingenuity  to  work  upon.  Gopher- 
ing, picking  the  eyes  out  of  a  mine  and  such  prac- 
tices are  the  reverse  of  good  management,  or  of  any 
management  at  all.  They  are  hand  to  mouth,  tenta- 
tive ways  of  doing,  feeling  instead  of  thinking. 
Knowledge  of  the  mine,  looking  to  timber  supplies 
from  the  cheapest  source  (not  always  the  nearest) 
and  systems  planned  for  continuous  breaking  down 
and  working,  will  indicate  whether  a  manager  has 
his  business  well  in  hand,  or  is  acting  without  a 
definite  basis  or  investigation  of  the  most  favorable 
policy. 

7.  Cost  op  Hoisting. — There  are  a  number  of 
questions,  such  as  those  of  dump,  filling  and  unwat- 
ering,  which  resolve  themselves  into  cost  of  lifting 
weight,  solid  or  fluid,  hoisting,  baling  or  pumping. 
One  comparison  may  be  emphasized  in  minimizing 
these  expenses.  Pumping  with  direct-acting  pump- 
ing engines  is  notoriously  expensive.  Hoisting  with 
large  compound  engines  figures  out  as  one  of  the 
smallest  items  of  cost  in  mining.  It  is  the  best  policy 
to  establish  elevations  most  convenient  for  surface 
works  and  put  in  ample  hoisting  plant,  and  use  it  for 
baling,  skip  hoisting  and  movement  of  material  on 
the  principle  that  it  is  one  of  the  smallest  charges 
against  tonnage. 

8.  Simplicity. — While  clear  profitable  results  can 
sometimes  be  realized  by  complex  operations,  a  gen- 
eral prejudice  should  prevail  in  favor  of  simplicity. 
Large  scale  and  uniform  simple  order  of  operations 
are  the  story  of  large,  profitable,  low-grade  mines. 
The  ban  should  be  put  on  processes,  which  get  into 
difficulties  from  which  they  can  be  extricated  only  by 
operation  after  operation.  Inventors  do  not  suf- 
ficiently realize  that  every  step  means  money  lost. 

In  conclusion,  a  mine  should  have  a  good  manager, 
but  it  may  be  set  down  as  axiomatic  that  no  mine 
which  is  not  well  developed  can  have  other  than  an 
ignorant  manager.  A  man  so  situated  may  be  a 
good  man,  but  until  he  learns  his  mine  his  capabilities 
as  a  manager  are  obscured. 


86 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


Notes  on  the  Hetallurgy  of  Copper 
of  flontana.* 


NUMBER    II. 


Written  by  H.  O.  Hofnan. 


The  Montana  Ore  Purchasing  Co.  broke  ground 
for  smelting  works  October  17,  1S92;  first  matte 
tapped  January  1,  1893,  in  seventy-six  days.  Ore 
roasted  in  two  Allen  -  Brown  -  O'Hara  furnaces 
(hearths  9  by  100  feet,  each  treating  sixty  tons  in 
twenty-four  hours),  and  smelted  in  two  reverber- 
atory  matting  furnaces  (hearth  12  feet  10  inches  by 
20  feet,  and  firebox  5  by  6  feet;  natural  draught,  stack 
80  feet  high  and  4  by  4  feet  in  the  clear,  and  charge 
7  to  8  tons;  time  of  melting  3.5  to  4  hours)  and  one 
blast  furnace,  42  inches  in  diameter  at  tuyeres. 
After  a  year's  run,  blast  furnace  replaced  by  two 
matting  reverberatories  like  those  first  built.  In 
1894,  two  Herreshoff  furnaces  (9  feet  inside  diam- 
eter, with  five  hearths)  were  added  to  the  roasting 
department.  These  giving  satisfaction,  eight  more 
were  erected  in  1895  and  thirty  in  1899,  making  in 
all  seventy  Herreshoffs.  The  O'Hara's  destroyed  by 
fire  1901,  and  not  rebuilt.  Early  in  1894  hearths  of 
matting  reverberatories  were  enlarged  to  13  feet  6 
inches  by  25  feet,  fireboxes,  however,  remaining  5 
feet  by  6  feet;  at  the  same  time  fuel  was  changed 
from  lump  to  slack  coal,  and  undergrate  blast  sub- 
stituted for  natural  draught.  These  changes  in- 
creased the  tonnage  per  furnace  for  twenty-four 
hours  by  ten  to  fifteen  tons.  Furnaces  again  en- 
larged, 1898,  and  two  more  built,  1899,  making  six  in 
all  (hearth  16  by  33  feet,  firebox  6  by  8  feet,  stack  80 
feet  high  and  5  by  5  feet  in  the  clear). 

January,  1900,  two  blast  furnaces  (42  by  120  inches 
at  tuyeres;  11  feet  from  tuyeres  to  throat;  cast-iron 
water  jackets)  were  blown  in.  These  water  jackets 
giving  much  trouble  by  cracking,  furnaces  were  re- 
placed by  larger  furnaces  (42  by  160  inches  at 
tuyeres  and  10  feet  6  inches  in  height)  with  steel 
water  jackets.  Converting  plant  started  August, 
1893,  with  two  vessels  of  the  Parrot  type  (5  feet  ex- 
ternal diameter);  in  1S94,  two  more  were  added,  and 
in  1899-1900  four  more.  Two  barrel  converters 
(bowls  10  feet  6  inches  long  and  7  feet  diameter),  in- 
stalled 1901,  are  in  constant  use,  while  the  upright 
Parrot  converters  are  worked  only  when  these  are 
unable  to  handle  all  the  matte.  It  is  the  intention  to 
erect  two  additional  horizontal  and  to  remove  the  re- 
maining upright  converters.  Present  plant:  Seventy 
Herreshoff  roasters,  six  reverberatory  matting  fur- 
naces, two  blast  furnaces,  two  horizontal  and  eight 
upright  converters. 

The  Anaconda  Copper  Mining  Co.  has  at  Anaconda 
three  separate  plants,  the  Upper,  the  Lower,  and 
the  New  or  Washoe  Works.  The  Upper  Works 
were  started  by  Marcus  Daly  in  1883  and  with  fifty- 
six  hand  reverberatory  roasting  furnaces,  with 
hearths  50  by  14  feet,  and  twenty-eight  reverber- 
atory matting  furnaces,  with  hearths  20  by  14  feet. 
A  smelting  charge  weighed  three  and  one-half  tons, 
and  twenty-one  tons  were  treated  in  a  furnace  in 
twenty-four  hours.  In  1885,  two  Bruckner  roasting 
furnaces  were  added.  After  the  fire  in  1S89,  the 
works  were  rebuilt  and  remained  practically  un- 
changed until  they  were  closed  down  in  November, 
1901.  At  that  time  they  contained  forty  Bruckner 
roasting  furnaces  with  cylinders  18  by  9  feet,  four 
MacDougall  roasting  furnaces  (16  feet  diameter  and 
21  feet  high),  with  six  hearths,  four  Wethey  cal- 
ciners,  with  hearths  100  by  12  feet,  and  11  reverber- 
atory matting  furnaces,  with  hearths  31  by  16  feet,  a 
matting  furnace  taking  nine-ton  charges  and  treat- 
ing sixty  tons  ore  in  twenty-four  hours. 

The  Lower  Works  of  the  Anaconda  Copper  Mining 
Co.,  located  2  miles  below  the  Upper  Works,  were 
built  under  M.  Daly  by  O.  Stallmann.  The  smelting 
department  was  started  December,  1S8S,  with  fifty- 
six  Bruckner  cylinders  (9  feet  6  inches  by  18  feet) 
and  twenty-eight  reverberatory  matting  furnaces, 
with  hearths  22  by  16  feet,  a  matting  furnace  receiv- 
ing six-ton  charges  and  treating  forty  tons  ore  in 
twenty-four  hours.  The  smelter  buildings,  which 
were  entirely  of  timber,  were  entirely  destroyed  in 
March,  1889,  by  a  fire  which  started  in  the  coal  bins. 
They  were  quickly  replaced  by  a  steel  structure.  In 
1890,  forty  Bruckner  furnaces  of  the  same  size  as 
the  first  ones  were  added  to  the  plant,  and  in  1S99 
were  added  four  MacDougall  furnaces  of  the  Evans- 
Klepetko  pattern  (16  feet  diameter  and  21  feet 
high),  with  six  hearths.  Of  the  twenty-eight  orig- 
inal matting  furnaces,  seven  were  enlarged  in  1S99; 
three  had  hearths  32  by  18  feet,  33  by  IS  feet  and  45 
by  IS  feet;  and  four,  hearths  35  by  IS  feet.  They 
were  charged  with  about  eleven  tons  of  ore  and 
averaged  seventy-five  tons  in  twenty-four  hours. 

The  converter  plant  was  started  in  1S90  with 
fifteen  stalls  for  upright  vessels,  10  feet  high  and  6 
feet  in  diameter.  In  the  same  building  were  six 
blast  furnaces  S  feet  by  3  feet  6  inches  at  tuyeres 
and  10  feet  high. 
New  Electrolytic  Refining  Plant,  still  in  full  oper- 

•Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eogs.    (Condensed). 


ation,  started  in  1894,  refines  part  of  the  converter 
copper  of  the  Washoe  works,  the  rest  being  shipped 
to  Baltimore  for  treatment.  The  old  experimental 
plant,  started  in  1891  and  closed  in  1893,  contained 
630  tanks. 

The  New  or  Washoe  Works  of  the  Amalgamated 
Copper  Co.  were  planned  and  erected  by  P.  Kle- 
petko.  When  the  Amalgamated  Copper  Co.  ob- 
tained control  of  the  Anaconda  and  Washoe  Com- 
panies, it  was  decided  to  erect  new  works  instead  of 
remodeling  and  enlarging  those  of  the  Anaconda  Co. 
The  works  were  started  in  1902,  contain  forty-eight 
six-hearth  MacDougall-Evans-Klepetko  roasting  fur- 
naces, 16  feet  diameter  and  21  feet  high;  five  blast 
furnaces  (56  by  180  inches  at  the  tuyeres  and  14  feet 
10  inches  high);  fourteen  matting  reverberatories 
(hearth  20  feet  by  51  feet  2  inches)  and  eight  con- 
verter stands  (barrels  12  feet  5  inches  long  and  8 
feet  in  diameter).  The  fumes  from  these  four  de- 
partments are  drawn  off  by  four  stacks,  200  feet 
high  and  23  feet  6  inches  inner  diameter,  the  lower 
20  feet  being  lined.  As  the  fumes  damaged  the 
crops  in  the  Deer  Lodge  valley,  it  has  been  decided 
to  deliver  them  500  feet  higher  up  into  the  air.  The 
fumes  from  the  four  departments  will  be  conducted 
through  branch  flues  into  one  brick  main,  2300  feet 
long,  built  on  a  hillside,  and  ending  in  a  stack  300 
feet  high  and  30  feet  inner  diameter.  The  main  will 
be  37  feet  deep;  the  first  1300  feet  will  be  60  feet 
wide,  and  the  remaining  1000  feet  120  feet  wide. 
Underneath  will  be  a  tunnel  to  receive  the  cars,  into 
which  will  be  discharged  the  flue  dust.  It  is  ex- 
pected that  the  new  addition  will  be  finished  this 
summer  (1903). 

Boston  &  Montana  Con.  Copper  &  Silver  M.  Co.'s 
Great  Palls  Plant. — Ground  broken  in  the  spring  of 
1890.  Plant  first  consisted  of  twenty-four  Bruckner 
roasters  (cylinders  S  by  16  feet),  eight  tilting  rever- 
beratory matting  furnaces  (hearth  13  by  16  feet)  and 
two  five-ton  upright  converters.  Matting  furnaces, 
having  regenerative  chambers  and  fired  with  pro- 
ducer gas,  resembled  the  Campbell  open-hearth  steel 
furnaces.  Plant  has  been  greatly  enlarged  since 
1890,  under  the  management  of  P.  Klepetko,  and 
furnaces  much  changed  to  meet  constant  demand  for 
increased  capacity.  Present  plant:  Twenty  -  four 
Bruckner  cylinders  (8  by  16  feet),  all  idle  except  two 
or  three  used  for  drying  slimes  from  the  concentra- 
tor; eighteen  six-hearth  MacDougall-Evans-Klepetko 
roasting  furnaces  (16  feet  diameter  and  21  feet  high); 
five  gas-heated  stationary  matting  reverberatories 
with  regenerative  chambers,  four  of  which  have 
hearths  42  feet  6  inches  by  15  feet  9  inches,  and  one 
has  a  hearth  29  by  12  feet;  five  blast  furnaces  (18 
feet  high  to  charging  floor,  four  are  56  by  ISO  inches, 
and  one  44  by  ISO  inches  at  tuyeres);  twelve  five-ton 
upright  converters  (7  feet  diameter  and  14  feet  7 
inches  high);  one  anode  casting  reverberatory 
(hearth  14  feet  S  inches  by  22  feet  6  inches)  with 
Walker  casting  machine;  and  an  electrolytic  copper 
refinery  with  312  tanks  and  four  copper  refining  fur- 
naces of  different  sizes. 

The  early  history  of  this  company  may  be  sum- 
marized by  the  beginnings  of  the  several  operations: 
Concentrator,  March,  1891;  Bruckner  cylinders, 
April,  1S92;  reverberatory  matting  furnaces,  April, 
1892;  converters,  August,  1892;  blast  furnaces, 
April,  1S93;  refining  furnaces,  January,  1S93;  elec- 
trolytic refinery,  February,  1893. 

Nearly  all  the  smelting  works  have  concentrating 
works. 

The  Ores. — The  ores  of  the  Butte  district  are 
classified  by  Goodale  as  copper-silver  ores,  silver- 
copper  ores  and  silver  ores.  The  copper-bearing 
minerals  of  the  copper-silver  ores  are  chalcocite, 
bornite,  enargite  and  chalcopyrite;  the  gangue  is 
quartz  and  feldspar.  The  copper  and  silver-bearing 
minerals  of  the  second  class  are  wurtzite,  sphalerite, 
bornite,  chalcopyrite,  pyrite,  tetrahedrite,  enargite, 
tennantite  and  galenite;  the  gangue  is  quartz  and 
feldspar,  with  some  barite  and  fluorite.  Of  the  sil- 
ver ores,  which  are  of  secondary  importance,  the  sil- 
ver-bearing minerals  are  pyrite,  sphalerite,  galenite, 
tetrahedrite  and  argentite;  the  gangue  is  quartz, 
rhodocrosite  and  rhodonite.  With  regard  to  metal- 
lurgical treatment,  the  copper-bearing  ores  are 
divided  into  first  and  second  class.  The  line  of 
division  varies  with  the  different  mines.  In  general, 
first-class  ore  contains  10%  to  15%  copper  and  is 
smelted  direct,  usually  in  the  blast  furnaces,  without 
having  been  roasted.  Second-class  ore,  which  forms 
about  90%  of  the  ore  mined,  contains  3%  to  6%  cop- 
per and  is  concentrated;  five  concentrates  are 
always  roasted  and,  as  a  rule,  smelted  in  the  rever- 
beratory matting  furnaces;  coarse  concentrates, 
about  5  mm.  in  size,  are  often  added  to  the  blast  fur- 
nace charges  without  having  been  roasted,  the 
amount  charged  reaching  30%  to  35%. 

Metallurgical  Treatment.  —  The  metallurgical 
processes  in  the  Butte  district  show  much  uniformity 
with  regard  to  the  general  principles  on  which  they 
are  based.  They  comprise  roasting,  smelting,  con- 
verting, electrolytic  refining  and  casting.  There  is 
considerable  diversity  in  the  details  of  practice. 

First-class  ore,  forming  about  10%  of  the  product 
of  the  mines,  is,  as  a  rule,  smelted  raw,  and  furnishes 
the  desirable  coarse  ore  of  the  blast  furnace  charge. 
Concentrates,  coarse  limestone  and  converter  slag 
are   the   basic  fluxes  added  to    slag    the    siliceous 


gangue.  In  one  instance,  some  first-class  ore  is 
roasted  in  lump  form  in  stalls.  This  makes  it  less 
refractory  than  raw  ore,  and,  furnishing  available 
iron,  permits  the  running  of  slags  richer  in  iron,  and 
hence  more  fusible  than  would  be  otherwise  possible. 
Heap  roasting,  practiced  in  the  early  days,  has  been 
abandoned. 

In  crushing,  the  copper-silver  ores  readily  break 
into  small  grains,  making  often  more  fines  than  can 
be  carried  by  a  stall  or  even  by  a  blast  furnace. 
This  necessitates  separating  part  of  the  fines  by 
screening,  the  screenings  going  into  the  fine-ore 
roasting  furnaces. 

The  form  and  general  arrangement  of  the  open 
stalls  now  in  operation  are  the  same  as  given  in 
Peters'  "Modern  Copper  Smelting."  The  manage- 
ment differs  from  the  description  given  by  him.  In 
making  the  bed  of  decayed  wood,  first  used  by  A.  J. 
Schumacher  at  the  Parrot  works,  no  attention  is 
paid  to  an  open  cross  channel  to  start  the  fire. 
While  Peters  prefers  to  close  the  front  of  the  stall 
with  large  pieces  of  lump  ore,  at  Butte  it  is  closed 
down  to  2  feet  from  the  bottom  with  a  plate  of  sheet- 
iron,  which  is  braced  by  iron  cross-bars  to  prevent 
bulging,  caused  by  the  swelling  of  the  ores  while 
roasting.  The  plate  is  supported  by  blocks  of  wood, 
between  which  are  placed  small  sticks  and  kindling. 
During  the  roast,  when  the  contents  of  the  stall  has 
risen  to  the  highest  point  and  begins  again  to  shrink 
on  account  of  the  slight  clinkering  which  always 
takes  place,  the  front  plate  gradually  glides  down  to 
the  floor.  A  stall  holding  thirty  tons  of  first-class 
ore,  with  about  10%  of  copper  and  30%  to  35%  sul- 
phur, burns  thirty  days,  the  sulphur  being  reduced 
to  3  5%  to  4%. 

The  fine-ore  furnaces  are  represented  by  four 
types,  the  Allen-O'Hara,  the  Wethey,  the  Pearce 
and  the  MacDougall;  long-hearth  reverberatory  fur- 
naces, used  in  early  times,  having  been  given  up  en- 
tirely. 

The  Allen-O'Hara  furnace  is  one  of  the  improve- 
ments on  the  original  O'Hara  furnace.  The  two 
superimposed  hearths  are  each  9  by  90  feet;  the  six 
carriages,  with  their  plows,  make  the  circuit  in 
three  and  three-fourths  minutes.  Thus  the  ore, 
lying  3  inches  deep,  is  stirred  every  thirty-seven  sec- 
onds, and  remains  about  six  hours  in  the  furnace.  A 
test  showed  that  3.64  H.  P.  was  required  to  run  the 
furnace.  The  ore  charged  is  a  mixture  of  concen- 
trates and  fines  from  first-class  ore,  usually  in  the 
proportion  of  4J  :  1,  containing  about  35%  sulphur. 

From  forty-seven  to  fifty  tons  of  charge  is  roasted 
in  twenty-four  hours,  or  sixty  pounds  per  square  foot 
of  hearth  area,  the  sulphur  being  reduced  to  8%. 
One  hundred  pounds  moist  ore  gives  72.7  pounds  of 
calcines  and  one  pound  of  flue  dust.  A  furnace  is 
attended  in  an  eight-hour  shift  by  one-half  car-man, 
who  brings  the  ore;  one-half  fireman;  one  wheeler, 
who  removes  the  calcines  to  the  smelting  depart- 
ment; and  one-eighth  repair  man,  during  the  day 
shift  only.  A  partial  analysis  of  an  average  sample 
of  roasted  ore  gave:  Cu,  10.8;  SiO.,,  31.6;  Fe,  38  0; 
S,  7.6;  Ag,  7  3  oz.  p.  t.  One  of  flue  dust:  Cu,  10  8; 
SiOa,  34.4;  Fe,  36.5;  S,  8  2;  Ag,  7.2  oz.  p.  t. 

The  Wethey  furnaces  in  operation  each  have  four 
superimposed  hearths.  The  furnaces  erected  in  1894 
had  two  sets  of  hearths,  each  50  by  5  feet,  with  the 
rabble  carriages  running  between  them,  the  arms 
projecting  from  the  inner  sides  into  the  hearth.  The 
furnaces,  erected  since  1894,  have  been  increased  to 
65  by  10  feet,  with  the  rabble  arms  protrud- 
ing on  both  sides  and  carried  on  carriages  on  the 
outside  of  the  furnace  hearths.  The  tripping  doors, 
which  close  the  continuous  hearth  slot,  are  not  being 
repaired  as  they  wear  out,  the  furnace  seeming  to 
do  satisfactory  work  without  them.  The  position  of 
the  firebox,  which  was  built  at  first  to  heat  the  sec- 
ond floor,  has  been  changed  so  that  the  flame  may 
enter  the  top  hearth  and  dry  and  kindle  the  moist 
concentrates  and  slimes  as  they  enter  the  furnace. 
While  the  smaller  size  furnace,  with  a  hearth  area  of 
2000  square  feet,  puts  through  at  the  present  time 
sixty  tons  of  raw  material  with  35%  sulphur,  or  sixty 
pounds  per  square  foot  of  hearth  area,  reducing  the 
sulphur  to  8%,  and  consuming  5.5%  of  slack  coal,  the 
larger  size  furnace,  with  an  area  of  2600  square  feet, 
roasts  in  twenty-four  hours  ninety  tons  of  ore,  with 
35%  of  sulphur,  or  seventy  pounds  per  square  foot  of 
hearth  area,  reducing  the  sulphur  to  5%  to  6%,  and 
consuming  somewhat  under  4%  of  slack  coal.  One 
fireman  attends  each  furnace. 

The  improvement  in  the  work  of  the  longer  fur- 
naces is  due  to  the  heat  from  the  firebox  having  to 
travel  a  longer  distance  before  it  escapes  to  the  flue, 
and  to  the  ore  traveling  in  a  direction  opposite  to 
that  of  the  flame,  whereby  the  heat  is  more  fully 
utilized  than  with  the  shorter  furnace. 

The  Pearce  Turret  furnaces  of  three  kinds  are 
roasting  ores,  the  single  and  double-deck  furnaces  of 
R.  Pearce  and  the  six-deck  furnace  of  R.  F.  Pearce. 
A  single-deck  furnace,  36  feet  in  diameter,  with  a  6- 
foot  hearth  (or  a  hearth  area  of  505  square  feet)  and 
two  stirrer  arms,  roasts  in  twenty-four  hours  four- 
teen tons  of  concentrates  (Cu,  7.0%;  Fe,  24.0%;  Zn, 
12.0%;  S,  32.0%;  SiOs,  23  0%;  Ag,  14  oz.  per  ton), 
reducing  the  sulphur  to  7%  to  8%,  and  burning  400 
pounds  of  coal  per  ton  of  ore.  The  percentage  of 
flue  dust  is  very  low. 

(TO  BE  CONTINUED.) 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


87 


Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 


PATENTS  ISSUED  JULY  28,  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 

Rock  Drill  Bit.— No.  734,515;    H.   Collins,   Wit- 
watersrand  Gold  Fields,  Transvaal,  South  Africa. 


Id  band  rock  drill  or  rock  drill  bit  combination 
with  drill  or  bit  formed  with  angular  grooves  or  slots 
across  end  thereof  made  tapering  from  center  to 
edge  of  drill,  of  removable  cutting  teeth  having  bases 
made  with  corresponding  taper  in  direction  of 
lengths  and  adapted  to  be  fitted  into  tapering  angu- 
lar grooves  in  drill  end  and  means,  located  in  center 
of  drill,  engaging  inner  ends  of  teeth  to  lock  in  posi- 
tion.   

Combined  Hot  Blast  Oven  and  Dust  Collector. 
—No.  734,523;  H.  W.  Edwards,  Oakdale,  Ga. 


Combination  of  chamber  having  inlet  and  outlet  for 
hot  furnace  gases,  of  series  pipes  arranged  verti- 
cally in  staggered  relation  within  chamber,  and  con- 
nected to  form  continuous  conduit  for  blast,  and 
means  for  supplying  blast  to  end  pipe  nearest  outlet 
of  chamber,  pipes  offering  less  obstruction  to  pass- 
age of  gases  at  outlet  end  of  chamber  than  at  inlet 
end. 


Smelting  Apparatus.- 
York,  N.  Y. 


-No.  734,594;  P.  Naef,  New 


Smelting  apparatus  consisting  of  blast  furnace, 
coking  oven  and  limekiln,  means  for  conducting  gas 
from  blast  furnace  to  coking  oven  and  limekiln, 
means  for  mixing  solid  products  from  coke  oven  and 
limekiln  with  ore,  and  means  for  conducting  mixture 
to  and  discharging  into  blast  furnace. 


Process  of  Making  Bricks  for  Refractory  Lin- 
ings or  Other  Uses  and  the  Product  Thereof. — 
No.  734.458;  E.  W.  Engels,  Dusseldorf,  Germany. 

Process  of  producing  bricks  for  refractory  furnace 
linings,  which  consists  in  applying  to  surface  of  un- 


burned  brick,  while  in  a  plastic  state,  carborundum, 
and  forcing  carborundum  into  surface  by  pressure, 
before  firing  brick  or  body,  subsequently  firing  or 
burning  brick  or  body  at  a  temperature  less  than 
that  of  electric  arc  for  producing  highly  refractory 
surface  which  does  not  readily  crack  or  separate 
from  less  refractory  and  more  fusible  interior  portion. 

Amalgamator. — No.  734,618;  G.  C.  Scott,  Colum- 
bus, Ohio. 


In  amalgamator,  combination  with  opposite  sup- 
ports, of  bearings  thereon  at  different  elevations, 
polygonal  rotatable  casing  between  supports,  tubu- 
lar journals  piercing  respective  ends  of  casing  and 
mounted  to  rotate  in  adjacent  bearings,  upper  jour- 
nal forming  an  inlet  and  lower  journal  outlet,  series 
of  longitudinal  spaced  parallel  amalgamated  plates 
extending  from  side  to  side  of  casing  with  ends  of 
series  terminated  short  of  ends  of  casing,  tubular 
journals  communicating  with  respective  spaces  be- 
tween corresponding  ends  of  casing  and  series  of 
plates,  baffle  disposed  across  inner  open  end  of  tubu- 
lar inlet  journal,  side  walls  of  casing  being  provided 
with  discharge  openings  at  lower  end  thereof,  cage 
carried  by  outer  end  of  discharge  journal,  normally 
closed  valve  for  journal,  adjustable  screw-threaded 
stem  piercing  outer  wall  of  casing,  and  spring  con- 
necting valve  to  stem. 


Ore  Separator.— No.  734,641; 
Birmingham,  Ala. 


C.   F.   Wheelock, 


Combination  of  vessel  adapted  be  filled  with  water 
and  provided  with  means  for  precisely  determining 
level  of  water,  chute  declining  toward  and  adapted 
to  reach  level;  transverse  water  pipe  slightly  below 
water  level,  approximately  parallel  with  and  prox- 
imity to  discharge  edge  of  chute  discharging  laterally 
in  same  general  direction  as  chute;  means  for  deliv- 
ering water  under  pressure  to  pipe;  means  for  regu- 
lating pressure;  and  means  for  causing  thin  uniform 
stratum  dry  graphite  to  descend  chute. 


Rope  Socket  Swivel.- 
tan,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


No.   734,664;  H.  M.  Brit- 


! 


i 

A  rope  socket  swivel  for  well  drilling  apparatus, 
comprising  shell  provided  with  cylindrical  chamber, 
rotary  piston  mounted  in  chamber,  piston  having 
longitudinal  bore  in  which  drill  rope  attached,  and 
means  of  locking  piston  to  shell  to  prevent  relative 
rotation  of  parts,  whereby  device  may  be  employed 
as  swivel  connection  or  as  rigid  connection. 


Safety  Blasting  Cartridge.— No.  734,684;  T.  F. 
Durham,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


In  blasting  cartridge,  inner  and  outer  receptacle, 
each  having  closed  lower  end,  fire-extinguishing 
agent  in  outer  receptacle  in  which  inner  receptacle 
is  immersed,  explosive  in  inner  receptacle,  arms  on 
ends  of  inner  receptacle  each  of  which  extends  diag- 
onally beyond  end  of  inner  receptacle  and  engages 
ends  of  outer  casing  at  inner  periphery  thereof. 


Drill    Sharpener. 
Central  City,  S.  D. 


-No.   734,708;    J.   H.   Hicks, 


Combination  with  means  of  supporting  cutting  end 
of  drill,  of  spring  actuated  means  for  elevating  drill, 
and  means  actuated  by  operator  for  intermittently 
rotating  and  depressing  drill. 

Head  Motion  for  Ore  Concentrating  Tables. — 
No.  734,758 ;   L.  Searing,  Denver,  Colo. 

^_ 
J= 


In  head  motion  for  ore  concentrators,  combination 
of  part  to  be  actuated,  and  variable  speed  actuating 
means,  consisting  of  curved  reciprocating  shoe  for 
varying  in  one  direction  of  movement  of  actuated 
part  and  at  speed  gradually  increasing  throughout, 
movement  relative  motion  of  shoe  and  part  to  be  ac- 
tuated, by  shifting  point  of  contact  between  the  two 
along  surface  of  part  to  be  actuated  during  recipro- 
cation. 


Stamp  Mill. 
Ariz. 


-No.  734,828;   W.  A.  Dalton,  Tucson, 


In  stamp  mill,  driving  means,  comprising  in  com- 
bination connecting  rod  adjustably  clamped  to  bowed 
spring  carrying  at  outer  ends  flexible  members  at- 
tached to  crosshead  in  which  is  revolubly  mounted 
stamp  stem,  crosshead,  bowed  spring,  flexible  con- 
nections between  ends  thereof  and  crosshead,  crank 
shaft  connected  with  spring,  means  for  adjusting  con 
nection  between  spring  and  crank  shaft  and  for  ro- 
tating stamp  stem,  consisting  of  vertical  worm  gears 
on  stems  and  horizontal  worm  engaging  gears,  worm 
being  driven  by  crank  shaft. 


88 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ARKANSAS. 

BOONE  COUNTY. 

The  Reuner  tract  of  280  acres  of  mineral 
land,  5  miles  east  of  Lead  hill  and  south 
of  the  Washington  mine,  was  sold  last 
week  to  Baxter  county  parties. 

SEARCY  COUNTY. 

The  Maumee  M.  Co.  of  Harrison  have 
decided  to  proceed  with  the  erection  of 
their  concentrating  mill,  says  Manager 
Hamilton. 

NEWTON    COUNTY. 

M.  Kaufman,  of  Dardanelle,  has  bought 
200  acres  of  mineral  land  near  the  Speers 
mine  at  Yardelle,  for  a  company  of  Ar- 
kansas valley  men.  He  also  bought  the 
G.  H.  Cotton  and  C.  S.  Denton  tract,  390 
acres  for  $8560. 

ALASKA. 

J.  P.  Prizell  of  Portland,  Or.,  reports 
finding  on  Unimak  island,  one  of  the  Aleu- 
tian chain,  extensive  deposits  of  carbon- 
ates of  iron  of  good  grade. 

A  strike  of  ore  is  reported  in  the  Eureka 
mine,  near  Juneau,  at  the  550  foot  level, 
which  averages  $28  in  gold  per  ton.  This 
ledge  outcrops  on  the  surface  50  feet  wide, 
says  Manager  T.  V.  Newell. 

Dawson  advices  state  returning  Tanana 
stampeders  say  the  waBh  up  to  June  16 
was:  Pedro,  2000  ounces;  Gold  Stream, 
1000  ounces;  Clear  creek,  200  ounces,  and 
Porks,  100  ounces. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

P.  A.  Storm  of  New  York,  manager  of 
the  reorganized  Copper  Belle  M.  Co.,  Is 
arranging  for  the  reuewal  of  operations  at 
their  group  at  Gleeson. 

At  the  Middlemareh  mine,  near  Bisbee, 
Superintendent  O'Gorman  reports  having 
developed  a  flow  of  50,000  gallons  of  water 
per  day,  which  is  more  than  enough  with 
which  to  operate  his  concentrators. 

M.  C.  O.  Rollins  and  S.  S.  Sutton  ot  the 
Crescent  Copper  Co.  have  an  option  on 
sixteen  claims  in  the  Modern  district,  12 
miles  from  Bisbee. 

GILA  COUNTY. 

R.  Fleming,  mine  superintendent  of  the 
Black  Warrior  C.  Co  ,  near  Globe,  says 
little  is  being  done  at  Black  Warrior  at 
present,  but  by  September  1st  construe 
tion  work  will  begin  on  the  100-ton  blast 
furnace  to  be  added  to  their  smelter  equip- 
ment. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 

G.  C.  Gill,  president  of  the  Shannon 
Copper  Co.  at  Clifton,  says  preparations 
are  being  made  to  build  another  concen- 
trator— a  duplicate  of  the  one  put  up  last 
year.  The  company  is  producing  sixteen 
tons  of  copper  daily. 

A  temporary  injunction  has  been  issued 
against  the  Standard  Copper  Co.  of  Clif- 
ton in  favor  of  W.  B.  Thompson,  to  pre- 
vent them  from  taking  ore  from  the  San 
Jose  mine,  near  Clifton,  pending  the  set- 
tlement of  a  suit  to  quiet  title  to  the  same, 
which  will  be  tried  in  October.  The  case 
will  involve  property  valued  at  $270,000. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  It  is  re- 
ported that  a  deposit  of  tin  ore  has  been 
found  north  of  Phoenix. 

Phoenix,  Aug.  2. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  devel- 
opment work  is  going  ahead  at  the  Vul- 
ture mine  near  Wickenburg,  says  Manager 

Sanders. Mills  &  Philes  are  working  a 

group  of  gold  and  copper  properties  in  the 

Cave  Creek  district. W.   L.  McKay  is 

taking  out  copper  ore  for  shipment  from 

his  claims   near  Cave  creek. B.  Ford 

has  men  at  work  on  his  mines  in  the 
White  Tank  mountains,  west  of  Beards- 
ley. 

Wickenburg,  August  3. 

At  the  Angel  mine  west  of  Wickenburg, 
operations  are  being  resumed  under  direc- 
tion of  S.  C.  Bird,  of  Bridgeport,  Conn. 
He  Bays  an  arrangement  has  been  made 
with  the  Wickenburg  smelter  for  working 
of  ADgel  ores.  There  is  ore  on  the  dump 
that  will  be  shipped  to  the  smelter. 

The  Haxworth  group  of  twenty-five 
claims  at  Agua  Caliente  has  been  sold  for 
$100,000  to  T.  James  of  Chicago,  111.,  and 
C.  T.  Kenman  of  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Hawks  & 
Shaefer  have  their  whim  at  work  on  the 
Tintic  mine,  near  the  Merrimac  mine, 
aear  Chloride.  The  underground  work- 
ings are  flooded  and  as  soon  as  they  are 


unwatered  and  the  drifts  cleared  of  debris 
development  will  be  resumed  by  drifting 
from  the  90  foot  level  of  the  shaft.  The 
ores  carry  $100  per  ton  in  gold,  with  some 
silver. 

W.  J.  Cleeland  of  Philadelphia,  Pa , 
president  of  the  Philadelphia  &  Arizona 
M.  Co.,  says  work  will  be  resumed  on  the 
Minnesota  mine,  which  has  been  closed 
since  spring.  Forty  men  will  be  put  on  and 
it  is  intended  to  drive  the  drift  on  the  600- 
foot  level  ahead,  and  to  go  down  400  feet 
deeper  in  the  main  shaft.  Large  bodies 
of  milling  ore  are  said  to  be  showing  in 
the  lower  workings. 

The  new  silver  prospect  which  is  being 
opened  up  northwest  of  Chloride,  near  the 
Juno  mine,  by  J.  Carroll  is  reported  im- 
proving.    Sinking  continues. 

Hughes  &  Mitchell  continue  in  ore  on 
the  Century  mine,  near  the  Altata.  The 
new  shaft  is  down  65  feet,  where  there  is 
a  body  of  ore  of  shipping  grade  2  feet 
wide.  The  ore  is  a  mixture  of  horn  silver 
ard  iron  carbonates.  A  shipment  of  the 
ore,  which  is  mostly  on  the  dump,  will  be 
made  next  week. 

The  first  half  of  the  100-foot  contract 
for  sinking  the  140-foot  shaft  on  the  Sun- 
rise mine,  below  Chloride,  is  finished  and 
a  large  body  of  ore  is  being  opened  up.  J. 
Barry  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  owner  of 
the  property  and  is  superintending  the 
work.  He  says  development  work  will  be 
increased  and  the  Sunrise  will  become  one 
of  the  steady  shippers  of  the  camp. 

J.  Dixon  reports  mining  operations 
active  around  Cerbat.  He  is  taking  out 
high-grade  gold  ore  in  developing  the 
mine,  which  he  owns.  The  gold  values, 
however,  are  decreasing  and  are  being  re- 
placed by  silver.  Sinking  will  continue 
and  drifting  will  be  started. 

Only  two  of  the  leading  mines  are  being 
worked  at  Stockton  Hill,  the  Earl  and  the 
De  la  Fountaine.  Both  of  these  have  a 
large  number  of  men  at  work  and  making 
good  shipments  of  ore. 

Chloride,  Aug.  3. 

At  the  Great  West  mine,  in  Weaver 
district,  near  Kingman,  the  Pacific  Re- 
duction Co.  is  preparing  to  build  its  re- 
duction plant.  Scarcity  of  water  is  one  of 
the  drawbacks.  The  ores  carry  values  in 
gold. 

The  Marquette  Exploration  Co.,  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  who  have  bonded  for  $250,000 
the  Dempsey  &  O'Dea  group  of  claims  in 
San  Francisco  district,  9  miles  west  of 
Chloride,  are  making  preparations  to  in- 
crease development  work. 

PINAL  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Copper 
Buttes  M.  Co.  have  seven  men  at  work 
sinking  a  shaft  on  one  of  their  claims,  8 
miles  west  of  Kelvin. 

Kelvin,  Aug.  2. 

The  Christmas  Gift  gold  mine,  30  miles 
south  of  Casa  Grande,  was  bought  last 
week  by  the  Piatt  Cobre  M.  Co.  of  Den- 
ver, Colo.  The  property  is  considered  of 
great  value.  Complete  equipment  and 
operations  will  follow. 

J.  W.  Sisson,  of  New  York,  president  of 
the  Troy-Manhattan  C.  Co.,  reports  work 
progressing  in  their  mines  at  Troy.  In 
the  Alice  mine,  the  Alice  tunnel  is  being 
driven  from  the  west  side  of  the  mountain 
to  cut  the  Alice  vein  at  depth  of  800  feet, 
and  will  be  some  1700  feet  in  length. 
Through  it,  all  the  ore  from  the  mine  will 
be  delivered  into  bins  at  the  tunnel  portal 
and  conveyed  by  aerial  tramway  to  the 
reduction  works  to  be  built  on  the  Gila 
river.  The  Prescott  &  Eastern  railroad, 
under  construction,  will  pass  within  a  few 
miles  of  the  Troy  mines. 

SANTA  CRUZ  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  J.  A.  Fraser  says  the 
Ragnarok  mines,  in  the  Oro  Blanco  dis- 
trict, have  been  sold  to  D.  H.  Jennings  of 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  and  J.  T.  Quinlan, 
E.  L  Poster,  P.  M.  Bishop  etal.  for  $150,- 
000.  There  are  three  veins  on  the  Ragna- 
rok which  will  furnish  a  good  tonnage  of 
free-milling  ore.  Operations  will  be 
started  this  week  and  machinery  put  in 
for  the  treatment  of  the  ore.  Oro  Blanco 
is  75  miles  south  of  Tucson  and  juBt  over 
the  Pima  county  line  in  Santa  Cruz  below 
Arivaca. 

YAVAPAI    COUNTY. 

The  Rapid  Transit  M.  Co.  has  thirty 
burros  packing  ore  from  the  mine  to  Mid- 
dleton  station,  on  the  Bradshaw  Moun- 
tain Railroad,  from  which  point  the  ore 
is  shipped  to  the  smelter.  The  railroad 
will  be  continued  to  Crowned  King  and  a 
wagon  road  will  be  built  to  the  Rapid 
Transit  by  the  way  of  Gray  Eagle  and 
Tiger,  making  a  short  haul  from  all  mines 
in  Oro  Bella  basin,  says  the  Prescott 
Courier. 

YUMA  COUNTY. 

The  Belle  of  Arizona  group  of  gold- 
bearing  quartz  claims,  2  miles  from  the 
Guadaloupe  mine,  and  8  east  of  Quartz- 
site,  have  been  bonded  to  W.  M.  Kellogg 
of  Hartford,  Conn.,  for  $25,000. 

The  Socorro  mine  at  Harrisburg  has 
shut  down    for   an  indefinite  period,  the 


management  reporting  labor  troubles  as 
the  cause. 

In  Cunningham  pass,  2  miles  from  the 
Bullard  mines,  near  Harrisburg,  the  Bill 
Crown  and  War  Eagle  group  of  sixteen 
claims  has  been  sold  to  Eastern  men  and 
the  Bill  Crown  M.  Co.  incorporated,  with 
P.  C.  Smith  of  Chicago,  111 ,  R.  Dunlap 
and  R.  F.  Lintermann  of  Chicago,  111.,  as 
officers. 

The  Ward  group  of  mines,  above  the 
Socorro  mine,  near  Harrisburg  has  been 
bonded  to  G.  W.  Middleton  of  Prescott, 
and  men  have  been  put  to  work  running 
a  tunnel,  which  at  300  feet  they  expect  to 
cut  a  ledge  of  free-milling  ore. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

At  the  Fremont  Con.  mine  at  Amador 
City  work  on  the  40  stamp  mill  is  pro- 
gressing and  part  of  the  machinery  is  on 
the  ground.  The  gallows-frame  is  fin- 
ished and  is  96  feet  high. 

W.  A.  Nevllls  says  arrangements  for 
starting  work  on  the  Moore  mine,  south 
of  Jackson,  have  been  completed.  Tim- 
bers for  the  repair  of  500  feet  of  shaft  are 
ready  to  be  shipped  to  the  mine.  The  un- 
certainty of  the  labor  situation  is  the  only 
drawback. 

The  Climax  mine,  east  of  Jackson,  has 
been  bonded  to  P.  B.  Aiken  et  al.  of  San 
Francisco,  who  have  started  development 
work.  The  property  was  formerly  known 
as  the  Reed  &  Askey. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  directors  of  the 
Lincoln  Co.  at  Sutter  Creek,  held  last 
week,  it  was  decided  to  close  down.  The 
work  of  taking  up  the  track  is  in  pro- 
gress. 

BUTTE    COUNTY. 

L  B  Johnson,  assistant  superintendent 
of  the  Gold  Bank  mine,  near  Porbestown, 
owned  by  H.  P.  Stow,  reports  work  pro- 
gressing. A  number  of  ledges  may  be  most 
economically  worked  by  driving  the  Gold 
Bank  tunnel  through  the  mountain  and 
building  a  mill  at  its  mouth.  This  would 
do  away  with  hoisting  expenses  and  give 
greater  fall  to  the  water  which  drives  the 
present  mill.  A  power  plant  at  the  mouth 
of  the  tunnel  would  develop  five  times  the 
power  now  developed  at  the  present  mill- 
site  without  adding  to  the  water  supply. 
The  Gold  Bank  tunnel  is  driven  into  the 
mountain  750  feet  vertically  below  the  col- 
lar of  the  Gold  Bank  shaft  and  Is  2300  feet 
in  length. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

The  Angels  Quartz  M.  Co  at  Angels 
report  they  intend  to  add  another  twenty 
stamps  to  their  mill,  the  work  of  grading 
for  which  was  started  this  week. 

EL  DORADO   COUNTY. 

The  Rescue  M.  Co.  has  been  organized 
by  A.  P.  Anable  of  Rescue  and  J  P.  Vane 
of  Oakland,  with  R  M.  Crackles,  P.  A. 
Marriotte  and  W.  E.  Reed,  and  has 
bought  the  Coon  Crossing  gold  quartz 
mine,  near  Rescue.  They  will  begin  de- 
velopment next  week.  The  ledge,  averag- 
ing 20  inches  in  width,  is  of  high-grade 
ore.  A  F.  Anable,  superintendent  of  the 
Golconda  mine,  near  Rescue,  will  super- 
intend the  development  work  at  the 
Rescue.  They  intend  to  put  up  a  5-Btamp 
mill,  to  be  operated  by  either  steam  or 
gasoline.  The  following  are  the  directors  : 
R.  M.  Crackles,  P.  A.  Marriotte,  W.  E. 
Reed,  A.  P.  Anable  and  J.  P.  Vane. 

Thirteen  men  are  at  work  at  the  Noon- 
day copper  mine  near  El  Dorado.  The 
road  to  the  mine  is  being  repaired  by  the 
company,  preparatory  to  hauling  out  the 
ore  for  shipment. 

A  new  three-compartment  shaft  will  be 
sunk  on  the  Darling  mine,  east  of  George- 
town, says  the  Gazette. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 

The  Chicago  West  Point,  Chicago  Lim- 
ited and  Chicago  Reliance  companies,  op- 
erating near  Coalinga,  have  been 
consolidated  under  the  name  of  the  Chi- 
cago Con.  Oil  Co. 

J.  A.  Bunting  and  M.  Scott  have  bought 
the  controlling  interest  in  the  Esperanza 
Oil  and  Gas  Co.,  operating  at  Coalinga. 
The  Esperanza  has  two  flowing  wells  of 
19°  gravity  oil,  producing  400  barrels  each 
per  day.  Its  No.  3  well  is  in  the  oil  sand, 
with  good  indications. 

KERN    COUNTY. 

The  Junction  Oil  Co.,  near  Bakers  field, 
has  its  fifth  well  down  650  feet  and  the 
sixth  rig  is  being  built. 

The  California  Kern  Oil  Co.,  operating 
at  Kern  river  near  Bakersfield,  are  pre- 
paring to  build  a  refinery  on  the  property. 
The  company  has  completed  its  second 
well. 

C.  H.  Congdon,  superintendent  of  the 
Union  Pacific  OH  Co  ,  operating  in  the 
Cariaa  district,  6  miles  southwest  of  Mc- 
Kittrick,  reports  operations  resumed. 

The  Potomac,  in  Kern  River  field  near 
Bakersfield,  is  again  placing  all  its  wells 
"on  the  beam, "  abandoning  the  use  of 
the  air  compressors  after  two  years'  trial, 


says  Manager  Morton,  the  reason  for  this 
being  that  the  compressor  requires  too 
much  submerBlon,  while  on  the  beam  the 
well  can  be  pumped  dry.  The  Mercedes 
and  Globe  companies  are  still  using  the 
air  compressor,  and  the  Potomac  increas- 
ing its  boiler  capacity. 

MARIPOSA  COUNTY. 

Manager  Ward  has  resumed  operations 
at  the  Plnon  Blanco  mine,  near  Coulter- 
ville. 

MONO  COUNTY. 
The  cyanide  plant  at  the  Dunderburg 
mine,  near  Bridgeport,  was  totally  de- 
stroyed by  fire  last  week;  cause  unknown. 
Preparations  were  being  made  to  begin 
working  of  tailings  and  some  of  the  tanks 
had  been  filled. 

NEVADA   COUNTY. 

The  Sixteen-to-one  mine  at  Gaston  re- 
sumed work  last  week,  says  Manager 
Eagan,  of  Sacramento,  who  is  at  the 
mine. 

Manager  G.  Lezinsky  of  the  Gold  Tun- 
nel M.  Co.  says  they  have  taken  possession 
again  of  the  Orleans  mine,  on  Gold  Flat, 
near  Nevada  City,  the  Baldwin  lease  hav- 
ing expired.  Arrangements  will  be  made 
for  sinking  a  new  shaft  and  the  ledge  de- 
veloped. 

It  is  expected  that  operations  will  be  re- 
sumed at  the  Eagle  Bird  mine,  near  May- 
bert,  which  is  owned  by  an  Eastern  com- 
pany, and  which  has  for  three  years  past 
only  kept  its  pumps  moving,  says  Pore- 
man  Wilson. At  the  Gray   Eagle  the 

10-stamp  mill  has  been  running  steadily 
with  satisfactory  results,  says  Superin- 
tendent H.  Kalaher.  The  Gray  Eagle  is 
worked  through  a  tunnel. 

The  mill  at  the  Last  Chance  mine,  near 
Nevada  City,  will  be  started  up  this  week. 
Considerable  development  work  will  be 
done. 

Superintendent  E.  M.  Labadie,  of  the 
Grass  Valley  Con.  mine,  near  Grass  Val- 
ley, owned  by  J.  M.  O'Brien,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, has  started  sinking  another  shaft 
300  feet  from  the  old  one.  He  haB  men  at 
work  on  the  800  foot  level  raising  on  the 
hanging  wall.  Heavier  machinery  will  be 
put  in. 

At  the  Hudson  mine  on  Deer  creek,  be- 
low Nevada  City,  work  is  progressing. 
The  pumps  have  been  taken  out  of  the 
old  shaft  and  are  being  set  up  in  the 
three-compartment  shaft,  and  the  hoist 
from  the  Incline  shaft  also  moved. 
The  entire  plant  is  to  be  run  by  water 
power  under  a  400-foot  head. 

Manager  Hay  of  the  Ironclad  mine  at 
Rough  and  Ready  has  bought  120  acres  of 
land  on  Randolph  flit  and  will  put  a  hoist- 
ing and  pumping  plant  on  the  Reese  shaft, 
which  will  be  reopened. 

PLACER  COUNTY. 

G.  Skid  more  of  North  Bloom  field  has 
bought  a  half  interest  in  the  T.  Power 
gravel  mine,  at  Iowa  Hill,  and  develop- 
ment work  will  be  Increased. 

A  rich  body  of  gravel  is  reported 
struck  on  the  Peck  ham  Hill  property  at 
Spring  Garden,  on  the  Forest  Hill  divide. 
The  group  is  composed  of  a  number  of 
claims,  aggregating  several  thousand 
acres,  and  owned  by  A.  C.  Burrage  of 
Boston,  Mass.  The  tunnel  is  going  ahead, 
says  Superintendent  G.  McAulay. 

SAN  BERNARDINO   COUNTY. 

J.  Goldsmith,  manager  of  the  Tennen- 
baum  turquoise  mines,  near  Manvel,  says 
he  has  resumed  operations  on  their  group. 

SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 

On  the  Western  Union  Oil  Co  ground 
near  Santa  Maria  there  are  seventeen 
wells,  and  the  company  propose  to  sink 
more.  Well  No.  13  will  be  made  a  test 
well  and  they  will  go  down  3000  feet.  The 
work  will  be  done  with  the  rotary  drill. 
Most  of  the  company's  oil  is  being  sent 
through  the  pipe  line  to  Careaga,  from 
which  place  It  is  pumped  to  Alcatraz,  and 
thence  loaded  on  deep  sea  vessels,  says  A. 
J.  Osgood,  superintendent. 

SANTA  CLARA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Quick- 
silver M.  Co.,  operating  theNew  Almaden 
quicksilver  mines,  are  handling  an  output 
of  4000  tons  of  ore  per  month.  The  ore 
carries  the  cinnabar  in  disseminated  par- 
ticles, and  is  reported  to  run  0.5%  in  mer- 
cury. 

They  have  six  furnaces  in  operation, 
two  of  which  are  of  two  compartments 
and  one  of  three  compartments.  They 
have  an  ample  water  supply.  At  the 
mines  the  ore  Is  being  taken  out  partly 
through  shafts  and  partly  by  tunnels. 
T.  Derby  is  superintendent. 

New  Almaden,  Aug.  6. 

SHASTA    COUNTY. 

The  Shasta  King  mine,  near  De  Lamar, 
Is  reported  closed  down  for  the  present. 

At  the  Anchor  mine,  in  Buck  gulch, 
near  De  Lamar,  connection  has  been  made 
between  the  tunnel  and  the  shaft.  Ore 
taken  out  during  the  driving  of  the  tun- 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


89 


Del  Is  being  taken  back  in  500  feet,  hoisted 
270  feet,  dumped  Into  bins,  hauled  one- 
third  of  a  mile  in  wagons  and  sent  to  the 
smelter,  says  Superintendent  H.  C. 
Anchor.  He  expects  to  make  an  output 
of  fifty  tons  a  day. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

At  Poker  Flat,  near  Downieville,  the 
Poker  Plat  M.  Co.  are  putting  in  a  roller 
quartz  mill 

F.  P.  Roddy  et  al.,  who  have  bonded 
the  WHloughby  mine,  near  Gold  Valley, 
have  men  at  work  preparing  to  open  up  the 
mine.     J.  B.  Lassiat  is  superintendent. 

SISKIYOU   COUNTY. 

P.  S.  Gallagher,  of  Cherry  Crek,  near 
Yreka,  sold  two  of  his  claims  to  C.  Paige 
last  week.  Gallagher  says  he  will  put 
men  at  work  sinking  a  shaft  on  his  Mc- 
Cormick  mine. 

The  work  of  running  a  tunnel  in  the 
Headwaters  quartz  mine  on  Humbug 
creek,  near  Yreka,  Is  progressing  and 
they  expect  to  strike  the  ledge  at  200  feet. 
The  company  has  a  mill  on  the  ground 
with  steam  engine  and  boiler,  ready  to 
start  crushing  at  any  time. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  John  A. 
Neale  of  Sonora  is  mining  on  town  lots  in 
the  center  of  the  city  of  Sonora.  For 
years  these  lots  were  covered  by  business 
buildings,  but  they  were  destroyed  by  fire 
in  1900,  and  the  owner  is  now  placer  min- 
ing on  the  site  of  the  buildings.  Besides 
a  large  return  in  coarse  gold,  Mr.  Neale 
has  found  a  considerable  sum  of  money  in 
coin.  Many  of  the  coins  are  gold,  and 
both  gold  and  silver  coins  are  of  many  for- 
eign countries.  Mr.  Neale  says  the  result 
of  mining  operations  on  these  lots  will 
more  than  pay  for  rebuilding  the  struc- 
tures destroyed  by  fire.  He  Is  also  work- 
ing the  Neale  pocket  mine,  formerly  the 
Sugarman,  on  Bald  mountain,  near  So- 
nora. This  mine  has  produced  many 
thousands  of  dollars  in  crystallized  gold 
and  tellurium. 

Sonora,  Aug.  3. 

W.  Floyd  has  bought  the  Sharwood  & 
McTarnahan  two-third  interest  in  the 
Garfield  quartz  mine,  south  and  adjacent 
to  the  Grizzly  mine,  near  Carters,  for 
85000.  A.  B.  Smith  has  bought  the  Col- 
lins half  interest  in  the  Annie  Belle  gold 
mining  claim  on  Mt.  Eaton,  near  Carters. 

B.  Kollch  of  Columbia  has  bought  a 
one-third  interest  In  the  Old  Home  placer 

mine,  near  Yankee  hill. C.  F.  Lukens 

has  bought  a  sixth  Interest  in  the  Belcher, 
Daisy,  John  W,  East  and  WeBt  Ledge 
quartz  mines  and  the  Belcher  millslte, 
near  Carters. 

A.  C.  Johnson  of  Carters  has  bought 
the  Jacoba  one-sixth  interest  in  the  El 
Oro  quartz  mine,  2  miles  south  of  Carters 

on  Long  Gulch  mountain. The  Gladys 

G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  bought  the  Clare  D, 
Jean  G  and  the  Bride  quartz  mines,  also 
the  Fanny  S,  Isabella  and  Lulu  B  quartz 
mines. 

W.  S.  O'Brien  has  bought  the  Curley 
Interest  in   the   Niagara  quartz  claim,  5 

miles     north     of    Groveland. H.     J. 

HugheB,  J.  Barry  and  E.  Sharp  have  a 
bond  for  a  deed  to  the  Josephine  quartz 
mine,  northwest  of  the  Jones  mine  and 
south  of  the  Brown  Bird,  near  Sonora. 

G.  Williams  will  resume  operations  on 
the  Chrlstmas-Berrybush  mine  on  Bald 
mountain,  near  Columbia. 

At  the  Telegraph  Hill  mine,  near  the 
Dambacher  ranch,  a  new  boiler  and  hoist 
have  been  set  up. 

YUBA  COUNTY. 

The  Pennsylvania  mine  at  Brown's  Val- 
ley has  been  closed  down  and  the  machin- 
ery on  the  property  is  being  sold,  includ- 
ing a  $50,000  electric  plant. 

At  the  Pennsylvania  mine  at  Brown's 
valley,  12  miles  east  of  Marysvllle,  on  the 
2nd  inBt.,  while  J.  Dean  and  G.  W.  Rich- 
ards, miners,  were  on  the  truck  in  the 
shaft  with  the  pump  at  the  1400-foot  level 
the  cable  parted  and  the  car  dropped  100 
feet  down  the  incline.  Dean  rolled  off 
and  eBcaped,  but  Richards  was  killed. 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 
The  Dirigo  group  of  mines  of  six  claims 
in  Hawk  Eye  district,  8  miles  from  Black 
Hawk,  has  been  sold  to  L.  D.  Godshall  of 
Denver,  and  final  payment  made  this 
week.  The  price  is  reported  at  $22,500. 
Extensive  development  work  is  planned. 
Milling  ore  has  been  opened  up.  The 
Moffat  railroad  will  paBS  within  2J  miles 
of  the  group.  It  is  intended  to  thor- 
oughly develop  the  property  before  an 
attempt  will  be  made  to  treat  the  ore. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 
The  Chicago  Mountain  M.  Co.  has 
bought  the  Black  Swan  tunnel,  the  R.  B. 
Hayes  and  other  patented  claims  1 J  mile 
from  Idaho  Springs,  on  Chicago  creek, 
which  they  will  consolidate  with  their 
other  claims.    The  tunnel  is  being  cleaned 


out  and  the  new  track  laid,  preparatory 
to  driving  ahead  to  develop  the  Chicago 
mountain  veins,  says  the  Times.  The 
tunnel   runs  in   on  the  Black  Swan  vein. 

It  Is  reported  that  local  parties  will 

take  over  the  East  Hukill  claim  in  Hukill 
gulch,  who  will  put  on  a  steam  plant  and 
continue  to  sink  the  shaft.  The  property 
Is  owned  by  the  Haggerty  estate  at  Coal- 

Eort,  Pa. Anderson,  Tanner  &  Carlson 
ave  bought  the  steam  hoisting  plant  on 
the  Crockett  mine,  near  the  Stanley,  and 
It  will  be  put  on  the  Beacon  of  the  West, 
near  Russell  gulch,  which  they  are  oper- 
ating under  lease  and  bond. The  New 

Century  mine  in  Hukill  gulch  has  Its 
steam  plant  in  operation  and  has  begun 
sinking  the  shaft. 

CUSTER   COUNTY. 

W.  D.  Murphy,  who  closed  down  the 
Vanderbllt  mine  last  week,  has  trans- 
ferred his  miners  to  another  group  near 
Silver  Cliff  and  adjoining  the  Silver  Bar 

mine. It  is  stated   the  Valley  M.  Co. 

will  build  an  ore-treating  plant  near  its 
mines.  President  Magamen  says  they 
have  decided  to  increase  development 
work. 

The  Vanderbllt  mine,  near  Querlda,  has 
been  shut  down.  It  was  being  operated 
under  bond  and  lease  by  D.  W.  Murphy 
of  Kansas. 

Mining  operations  on  the  American  Flag 
mine,  owned  by  the  American  Flag  G.  M. 
&  M.  Co.  of  Pueblo,  near  the  Basslck 
mine  near  Silver  Cliff,  will  be  increased. 
The  shaft  will  be  sunk  from  the  150-foot 
level.     H.  Fugel  is  president. 

The  Basslck  G  M.  Co.,  near  Silver 
Cliff,  has  decided  to  deepen  the  main  shaft 
to  the  1800  foot  level,  extending  it  200 
feet.  Arrangements  are  being  made  with 
the  Canon  City  Electric  Power  Co.  for 
running  their  hoist  with  electric  power, 
says  Superintendent  W.  H.  AnderBOn,  of 
Aspen. The  Little  Bernice  group  re- 
sumed work  this  week  after  a  temporary 
idleness.  The  company  is  driving  a  drift 
and  the  cutting  of  a  good  shoot  at  the 
280-foot  level  is  expected  next  week.  A 
quantity  of  medium-grade  ore  is  being 
sacked  dally  from  the  Louella  mine  by 
Thomas  &  Lawrence.  The  Blackburn 
claims  are  being  developed  by  Smith  & 
Knight. 

FREMONT  COUNTY. 

The  Purity  Coal  &  Oil  Co.  of  Denver 
men  has  made  arrangements  for  starting 
a  shaft  for  coal  development  adjoining  the 
Rockvale  coal  mine,  south  of  Florence. 
The  company  has  decided  not  to  sink  any 
oil  wells  on  its  coal  ground  until  later. 

The  Union  Oil  Co.  is  arranging  to  drill 
for  oil  near  Florence.  Leased  from  the 
United  and  other  oil  companies  they  have 
560  acres  of  unexplored  territory.  Of  this 
480  acres  are  on  the  north  and  80  acres  on 
the  south  side  of  the  Arkansas  river,  Bays 
President  L.  F.  Collins.  The  United  Oil 
Co.  is  doing  considerable  work  preparing 
for  an  increased  oil  production  from  the 
south  end  of  the  field.  The  lines  that  are 
used  In  conveying  the  oil  from  the  wells 
to  the  refinery  are  being  enlarged. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

C.  Duffield  of  Denver  has  resumed  oper- 
ations on  the  Baltimore  tunnel  in  Gamble 
gulch,    near  Rollinsville,    and   owned  by 

Maryland   parties. D.   C.   Earl  has  a 

lease  on  the  Perigo  mill,  and  will  run  it 
on  ores  from  the  Perigo  workings.  It 
has  not  been  running  steadily  on  account 
of  the  wet  condition  of  the  Perigo  work- 
ings.  Iowa  parties  are  interested  in  the 

Blue  Grass  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Lone  Star,  Champion  and  Tenderfoot 
group  in  Phoenix  district.  They  are  con- 
tinuing developments  on  the  Lone  Star 
and  Tenderfoot  claims  and  are  opening 
up  ore.  It  is  Intention  of  company  to 
build  a  mill  of  twenty-five  tons  dally 
capacity,     either    on    South    Beaver    or 

South  Boulder  creeks. It  is  reported 

the  Mountain  Chief  mine  on  Tip  Top  will 
be  reopened.  The  shaft  will  he  un- 
watered  and  sunk  100  feet  deeper. 

The  Cadillac  M.  &  M.  Co.,  in  which 
Canon  City,  Colo,  and  Cadillac,  Mich., 
parties  are  interested,  has  taken  a  lease 
and  bond  on  the  New  Hampshire  group 
of  claims,  near  the  head  of  Lump  gulch, 
near  RollinBville. T.  Tregay  has  re- 
sumed work  on  his  Honest  Boy  claim  up 
Lump  gulch. 

The  Evergreen  mine,  near  Apex,  has 
been  Bold  to  W.  R.  McCormick  of  Denver 
for  $25,000.  The  tunnel  will  be  driven 
ahead.  The  Evergreen  ore  carries  cop- 
per and  silver,   with  small  values  in  gold. 

GUNNISON  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — Excitement 
still  runs  high  at  Nugget  City,  near  Gun- 
nison, where  the  gold  strike  is  reported. 
A  large  number  of  men  are  going  into  the 
new  field. 

Gunnison,  Aug.  1. 

(Special  Correspondence). — At  the  prop- 
erty located  by  J.  C.  Bowerman,  3}  miles 
from  Pitkin,  the  workings  are  filled  up 
and   guarded.      Bowerman  reports   very  I 


high  assays  They  are  starting  a  tunnel 
to  cut  the  vein  256  feet  below  the  surface. 
It  is  Btated  their  reason  for  not  working 
the  property  at  the  shaft  is  on  account  of 
people  packing  away  their  specimens  and 
rich  ore,  and  they  decided  to  cover  it  up 
until  they  can  build  a  shaft  house.  It  is 
believed  by  many  that  some  one  will  make 
a  good  find,  as  there  are  a  large  number 
of  prospectors  in  the  camp.  The  nature  of 
the  rock  where  the  strike  was  made  is 
porphyry  and  quartz. 
Camp  Bowerman,  Aug  3. 

HINSDALE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Henson 
creek  lead  mines,  3  miles  west  of  Capital 
City,  made  a  short  run  with  their  new  mill 
last  week  and  closed  down  temporarily.  It 
may  be  necessary  to  make  some  changes 
in  the  mill  before  they  will  be  able  to  run. 

The  Hanna  M.  &  M.  Co.  are  overhaul- 
ing their  mill  and  putting  in  additional 
machinery.  They  will  install  zinc  sepa- 
rators and  concentrators.  The  mill  when 
completed  will  have  a  capacity  of  100  tons 
per  day. 

Capital  City,  Aug.  1. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Ute  & 
Ulay  Co.  have  their  shaft  down  420  feet 
and  drifting  for  the  vein.  If  the  vein 
proves  satisfactory,  It  Is  the  intention  of 
the  company  to  build  a  mill.  J.  Duffy  is 
superintendent. 

The  California  Con.  M.  &  M.  Co.  have 
struck  a  3-foot  vein,  the  ore  shoot  averag- 
ing 2}  feet  in  width.  The  main  tunnel  is 
in  600  feet.  They  have  eight  claims,  in- 
cluding mill-site.  A  mill  will  be  built  this 
fall.  The  company  will  put  in  a  larger 
compressor  and  additional  drills.  The 
group  is  on  Henson  creek,  3)  miles  from 
Lake  City.  They  are  working  nine  men 
at  present.  W.  Krudup,  vice-president  of 
the  company,  is  superintending  the  work 
on  the  mine. 

Henson,  Aug.  1. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Isolde 
mine,  in  Burrows  Park,  has  struck  an- 
other vein  of  ore,  which  runs  $300  in  gold 
per  ton. 

The  Tobasco  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  closed 
down  for  some  time,  has  again  started 
operations.  There  are  twenty-five  men 
at  work  and  this  number  will  be  in- 
creased. They  have  about  6000  tons  of 
ore  on  hand.     O.  W.  Pierce  is  manager. 

Lake  City,  Aug.  2. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  tonnage  for  July  of  the  mines  of 
Lead  ville  camp  varied  little  from  that  of 
June,  being  80,000  tons.  Of  this  amount 
the  Arkansas  Valley  plant  and  other 
trust  plants  took  60,000  tons,  while  20,000 
tons  went  to  the  Salida  smelter  and  the 
zinc  plants.  All  of  the  large  producers 
are  under  contract. 

The  machinery  for  shaft  No.  1  of  the 
Gilt  Edge  mine,  which  adjoins  the  A.  Y. 
and  Minnie  in  California  gulch,  at  Lead- 
ville,  is  in  place  and  the  work  of  connect- 
ing it  with  No.  2  shaft  started.  The  lat- 
ter is  down  500  feet,  and  when  the  drift 
from  the  bottom  reaches  under  No.  1  an 
upraise  of  150  feet  will  be  made. 

The  Fitzhugh  shaft  of  the  Elkhorn  M. 
Co.  of  London,  England,  and  in  Big  Evans 
gulch,  near  Lead  ville.  has  been  leased  to 
R.  Estey  and  T.  D.  Kyle.  The  mine  is 
supplied  with  a  plant  of  machinery. 

The  long  drift  which  will  connect  the 
ore  bodies  of  the  Midas  and  the  Coronado 
mines  at  Leadville  was  completed  last 
week  and  is  900  feet  in  length.  The 
Midas  has  upraised  to  make  connections 
with  the  drift,  striking  it  at  100  feet 
above  the  present  workingB,  says  the 
Chronicle.  The  Coronado  has  repaired 
the  damage  done  by  the  recent  fire  and 
are  pushing  development  work,  besides 
shipping  100  tons  a  day. 

It  is  reported  the  Dolly  B  group  in  Big 
Evans  gulch,  at  Leadville,  will  resume 
operations  this  month.  P.  K.  Connolly  is 
manager. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

The  Eureka  &  Bulldozer  mines,  near 
Durango,  having  joint  workings,  have  re- 
sumed under  new  management,  and  a 
double-compartment  shaft  started,  from 
which  drifting  will  be  begun  at  50  and 
100-foot  levels,  and  ore  extracted  from 
present  workings. The  Comstock,  Co- 
lumbus, Cumberland  and  Bessie  G.  prop- 
erties are  idle,  but  it  is  expected  oper- 
ations will  be  resumed  this  season.— — The 
Providence  Co.  is  operating  the  Wilkin- 
son group  with  three  shifts  and  has  be- 
gun  to  ship  regularly. The  Durango 

Girl  mine  has  been  taken  over  by  the  new 
management,  the  Hazard  Co.,  which 
bought  it  recently.  They  will  put  on 
more  men  and  increase  development. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 
J.  H.  Pape  of  Colorado  Springs,  man- 
ager of  the  Ledge  M.  Co.  at  Silverton,  re- 
ports operations  going  ahead  and  seventy 
men  are  at  work.  The  200- ton  concen- 
trating mill  is  handling  100  tons  per  day, 
but  will  be  run  up  to  its  full  capacity,  as 
preparations  are  being    made    to   break 


down  200  tons  a  day.  The  Ledge  is  lo- 
cated 1)  mile  from  the  Yankee  Girl  and 
Guston  and  said  to  be  the  same  vein  sys- 
tem. It  is  equipped  with  shaft  house  and 
hoist  good  for  1500  feet. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

C.  Boll,  who  haB  a  lease  on  the  Molly 
Kathleen  mine,  above  the  El  Paso  Gold 
King  at  Cripple  Creek,  will  put  up  a  100- 
ton  cyanide  mill  below  the  dump  on  the 
west  side  of  the  shaft.  In  the  second 
level  the  ore  shoot  has  been  broken  into 
for  a  distance  of  25  feet.  This  ore  assays 
one  ounce  in  gold.  The  ore  body 
lies  between  basalt  and  andesite.  On 
the  700-foot  level  development  work  is  in 
progress.  At  this  point  they  have  come 
Into  the  Gold  King  quartz  vein.  The  cya- 
nide mill  will  treat  both  the  dump  ore  and 
that  hoisted  from  the  200-foot  level. 

It  Is  stated  that  the  Mary  McKinney 
M.  Co.  resumed  work  this  week,  and  100 
men  will  be  employed.  The  mine  has  been 
shut  down  three  weeks  owing  to  changes 
to  the  shafthouse,  and  In  addition  the 
company  has  been  putting  in  ore  washing 
machinery.  The  Mary  McKinney  has  in- 
creased the  capacity  of  its  ore  bins  to  250 
tons. 

•  The  work  of  remodeling  the  Beatty 
plant,  near  Cripple  Creek,  is  reported 
completed.  Stevekin  &  Zimmerman  an- 
nounce that  they  will  soon  be  ready  to 
receive  ore.  The  mill  has  been  converted 
into  a  cyanide  plant  and  will  treat  the 
dumps  of  the  Golden  Cycle  and  Lillie 
mines. 

The  Key  West  G.  M.  Co.  has  given  a 
lease  to  P.  Gortner  et  al.  on  its  Con,  Vir- 
ginia claim  on  Carbonate  hill,  near  Crip- 
ple Creek.  It  has  a  Bhaft  50  feet  in  depth, 
which  will  be  used  by  the  lessees. 

The  directors  of  the  Banner  G.  M.  Co. 
last  week  granted  a  lease  to  Wilder  & 
Crummer  on  the  middle  block  of  the 
Fountain  Valley  claim  of  the  company, 
near  Cripple  Creek,  at  20%  flat  royalties. 
The  lessees  will  use  the  Fountain  Valley 
shaft,  which  is  down  145  feet,  and  from 
this  point  will  do  exploratory  work. 

Of  the  255  blocks  into  which  the  Crip- 
ple Creek  holdings  of  the  Stratton  estate 
have  been  divided  for  leasing  purposes, 
three  more  were  let  last  week  to  parties 
who  Btart  developments  this  week.  So 
far,  the  directors  have  leased  twenty 
blocks  of  ground,  all  in  Poverty  gulch, 
leaving  145  blocks  in  that  section  and 
ninety  on  Bull  Hill  yet  to  be  let  out.  The 
above  mentioned  three  are:  J.  Simpson 
of  Cripple  Creek  on  block  12,  a  portion  of 
the  Nada  claim;  C.  Butler  of  Cripple 
Creek  on  blocks  99  and  100  of  the  same 
claim;  and  the  third  to  J.  Grannis  of 
Colorado  Springs  on  block  135,  embracing 
the  Baby  McKee  claim  in  Poverty  gulch. 
On  each  of  these  the  lessee  is  required  to 
do  heavy  sinking  and  other  development 
work.  W.  Lloyd,  secretary  of  the  Strat- 
ton Cripple  Creek  M.  &  Dev.  Co.,  says  it 
is  intended  to  lease  all  of  the  Poverty 
gulch  holdings  before  leasing  the  Bull 
hill  estate. 

F.  J.  Campbell,  manager  of  the  Vindi- 
cator Con.  G.  M.  Co  ,  in  his  report  cover 
ing  the  operations  of  the  company  for  the 
first  bIx  months  of  1903,  shows:  Smelting 
ore,  a  grOBS  production  of  4,991  tons, 
yielded  an  assay  value  of  $258,667;  freight 
and  treatment  charges  were  $49,734.59. 
The  gross  production  of  milling  ore  was 
3,057  tons,  which  yielded  an  assay 
value  of  $49,135.58;  freight  and  treatment 
charges,  $21,997.55.  The  combined  ton- 
nage was  8,048  tons,  that  yielded  a 
total  assay  value  of  $307,913.19  and  net 
proceeds  of  $236,081.05.  The  production 
came  from  three  shafts,  as  follows:  Smelt- 
ing grade— Shaft  No.  1,  net  tons,  4,016; 
Shaft  No.  7,  net  tons,  953;  Shaft  No. 
11,  net  tons,  20.  Milling  grade  — 
Shaft  No.  1,  net  tons,  2,394;  Shaft  No. 
7,  net  tons,  297;  Shaft  No.  11,  net  tons, 
365.  The  total  operating  expenses  of 
the  mine  were  $113,364  31;  the  general  ex- 
penses, $6,609.35.  Of  the  production  of 
$307,813.19  the  leasees  shipped  ore  amount- 
ing to  $36,218.98. 

The  State  Investment  Co.  of  Denver, 
H.  A.  Mclntyre  president,  will  lease  out 
allot  its  holdings  in  Cripple  Creek  dis- 
trict at  royalties  of  from  6%  to  20%. 
There  are  twelve  claims  for  lease,  and  not 
all  contiguous. 

The  Mineral  Hill  Railway  &  Tunnel  Co. 
has  been  organized  at  Cripple  Creek,  with 
D.  F.  Blackmer  president  and  manager 
and  L.  C.  Moore  secretary  and  treasurer, 
and  they  propose  to  drive  a  tunnel  into 
the  hill  for  3000  feet.  The  tunnel  has 
been  started  on  the  west  side  of  Mineral 
hill  on  the  Favorite  fraction,  and  is  in  190 
feet.  The  management  expects  to  even- 
tually cut  the  granite  contact,  which 
traverses  the  hill  at  a  depth  from  the  sur- 
face of  800  feet. 

McLeod  &  Eshy  have  a  lease  on  the 
surface  workings  of  the  Unexpected  mine, 
near  Windy  Point,  adjoining  the  War 
Eagles  mine,  at  Cripple  Creek,  and  will 
build  a  cyanide  mill  of  fifty  tons  daily 
capacity.  They  propose  to  use  a  £-ineh 
mesh. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8, 1903. 


IDAHO. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 

The  Idaho  Mines  Con.  Co.  resumed 
operations  at  its  Red  Cloud  group  of 
mines,  near  Hailey,  this  week,  says  I.  E. 
Rockwell,  manager. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

The  Lincoln  mine,  In  Pearl  district,  of 
which  J.  T.  Hodson  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  is  manager,  will  be  equipped  with 
electric  power,  the  wires  for  which  are 
being  strung.  Heretofore  the  plant  has 
been  operated  by  gasoline  engines,  says 
the  News. 

CUSTER   COUNTY. 

The  Loon  Creek  G.  M.  Co  ,  near  Cus- 
ter, has  bought  the  Black  Queen  group  of 
three  claims,  a  gold-copper  property,  on 
Canyon  creek.  The  ledge  is  said  to  be  7 
feet  wide  and  the  croppings  average  $6  in 
gold.  Manager  Eddy  of  the  Loon  Creek 
G.  M.  Co.  put  men  to  work  on  the  group 
this  week. 

ELMORE  COUNTY. 

J.  L.  Weaver,  who  is  putting  in  a 
dredger  near  Glenn's  Perry  for  taking  out 
Snake  river  gold,  says  he  will  begin  opera- 
tions this  week. 

S.  J.  Baldwin  of  Boise  has  a  bond  on  the 
Pearl  group  in  Dixie  district  for  himself, 
E.  S.  Leaver  and  D.  Stauffer  of  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah.  This  group  includes  seven 
claims  and  a  fraction  adjoining  the  Gold 
RiDg  group  on  a  parallel  ledge.  It  is  in- 
tended to  start  development  work  next 
week. 

IDAHO   COUNTY. 

The  Lucky  Lad  Co.,  operating  in  Buf- 
falo Hump  district,  near  Hump,  has  de- 
cided to  put  in  a  2-stamp  mill,  with  gaso- 
line power  for  the  winter,  to  test  the  prop- 
erty, which  is  being  worked  by  a  shaft, 
now  down  50  feet.  A  crosscut  on  the  vein 
shows  20  feet  of  ore  of  good  grade.  The 
company  expects  to  go  down  200  feet  this 
winter,  hoisting  machinery  being  on  the 
ground  to  sink  to  this  depth.  The  mill  will 
be  run  on  the  rock  taken  out  in  develop- 
ment work. 

The  Jumbo  mill,  near  Roosevelt,  will  be 
ready  to  run  next  week. 

LEMHI  COUNTY. 

C.  Wright,  manager  of  the  Haidee  mine, 
near   Salmon,   reports  the  tunnel  going 

ahead  at  rate  of  4  feet  per  day. R   L. 

and  R.  M.  Edwards,  D.  Kane  and  J.  H. 
Hodgson  have  a  bond  on  the  Shoo  Ply 
mine  and   have  started  to  clean  out  the 

shaft  and    begin    development. The 

Gold  Ridge  M.  Co.  has  bought  the  Kane 
&  Ramey  quartz  and  placer  property  on 
Silver  creek  and  has  put  men  at  work. 

SHOSHONE  COUNTY. 
C.  S.  Crysler,  principal  owner  of  the 
three  gold  dredgers,  the  Mascot,  Delta 
and  Northern,  near  Delta,  operating  on 
Beaver  and  Trail  creeks,  has  sold  all  his 
interest  in  the  Northern  dredger  to  East- 
ern men,  but  retains  the  control  of  the 
Delta  and  Mascot.  He  has  bought  the 
placer  ground  on  Potosi  gulch  where  it 
empties  into  Trail  creek,  near  Delta.  Crys- 
ler and  Eastern  men  are  preparing  to 
start  development  work  on  the  Wake-up- 
Jim  group  of  claims  on  the  divide  between 
Delta  and  Murray,  says  the  Spokesman- 
Review. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Wolverine  M. 
Co.,  near  Kearsarge,  for  the  year  ended 
June  30,  1903,  with  comparisons,  is  as  fol- 
lows: 

1903  1902 

Mineral  product,  lbs.  .11,330,370  6,232,800 
Refined  copper,  lbs...  8.260,386  4,984,367 
Proceeds  of  copper. .  .81,030,756  $  658,602 
Interest 2,504  6,730 


Total  receipts $1,033,260    $  665,332 

Expenses 548,923       424,330 


Mining  profit $    484.337    $241,002 

Construction 38,014       264,688 


Net  profit $    446,323    $    23,686 

Prev.  surplus 276,467        540,153 


Total  surplus $    722,790    $516,467 

The  Centennial  Co.,  near  Calumet,  has 
removed  the  old  shaft  house  at  the  "  A  " 
shaft  on  the  Kearsarge  lode  and  has 
started  building  a  larger  shaft  house 
there. 

The  Champion  Copper  Co.  has  let  a 
contract  for  a  water  works  system  for 
their  Painesdale  Champion  mine  location. 
A  tank  holding  200,000  gallons  will  be  lo- 
cated on  a  tower  75  feet  high,  back  of  the 
town,  with  a  pumping  station  at  Lake 
Serrault.  The  automatic  stokers  in  use 
in  the  Champion  mill,  in  connection  with 
the  fuel  economizer,  are  reported  showing 
a  saving  of  10%.  Pour  men — two  on  each 
side— handle  the  battery  of  five  boilers, 
three  only  being  in  steam  since  the  com- 


pounding of  the  heads.  The  Champion 
has  reduced  the  amount  of  water  used  to 
the  ton  of  rock  stamped  from  thirty-five 
tons  to  twenty-six  tons,  making  3,100,000 
gallons  to  500  tons  of  rock,  the  daily  ca- 
pacity of  each  head. 

The  report  that  the  Calumet  &  Hecla 
Co.  at  Calumet  will  start  production  from 
the  Osceola  lode  shafts  this  year  is  said 
by  the  management  to  be  Incorrect. 
Work  on  this  lode  will  not  start  until  the 
entire  mill  has  been  transformed  to  elec- 
tric power  to  correspond  with  the  six  new 
heads — a  matter  of  at  least  five  years. 

The  new  shaft  at  the  Winona  mine,  at 
Winona,  is  8  feet  in  the  ledge,  which  is 
giving  good  copper  indications. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  Mohawk  mine,  near  Allouez,  is  re- 
ported producing  at  the  rate  of  7,000,000 
pounds  of  copper  per  annum  and  that  this 
copper  is  costing  them  about  9  cents  per 
pound. 

The  new  shaft  at  the  Ahmeek  mine, 
west  of  the  Mohawk,  near  Allouez,  Is 
down  36  feet  to  near  the  ledge.  Trouble 
has  been  experienced  with  sand,  and  two 
additional  drainage  shafts  are  being  sunk. 
The  hoist  from  the  Centennial  is  on  the 
ground  and  an  eight-drill  compressor 
from  the  Trimountain  has  been  received. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 

The  site  of  the  smelter  of  the  Michigan 
Smelter  Co.,  owned  by  the  Copper  Range 
Co.,  operating  near  Rockland,  has  been 
cleared  and  railroad  tracks  are  being  laid 
for  the  delivery  of  material.  The  smelter 
company  has  experienced  considerable  dif- 
ficulty due  to  the  scarcity  of  unskilled  la- 
bor, says  the  News. 

MISSOURI. 

GREENE  COUNTY. 
At  Springfield  it  is  expected  a  branch 
oxide  plant  of  the  New  Jersey  Zinc  Co. 
will  be  established,  says  the  News-Herald. 

JASPER    COUNTY. 

Superintendent  J.  H.  Stephens  of  the 
Granby  Co.  reports  a  new  strike  in  Snake 
hollow  on  the  company's  tract  at  Joplln. 
Rawley,  Muncie  &  Co.  are  sinking  a  shaft 
and  they  struck  lead  at  60  feet  and  jack 
at  80  feet.  New  Mexico  parties  have  be- 
gun drilling  in  Leadville  hollow  on  the 
Granby  lease. 

Q.  Yates,  J.  Cragg,  B.  Herron  et  al.  are 
sinking  a  prospect  shaft  In  the  Kansas 
City  bottoms  in  the  Consolidated  M.  Co. 
ground  near  the  Watklns-Balrd  mine, 
near  Joplln.  B.  Herron  is  superinten- 
dent. 

J.  W.  Ellis,  T.  Leggltt,  J.  B.  Gibson 
and  D.  Pool  have  drilled  through  20  feet 
of  ore  on  their  lease  2.5  miles  southeast  of 

Webb  City. J.    Luke's   Holy   Smoke 

mine  turned  out  112  tons  of  ore  last  week, 
clearing  $2500. 

B.  M.  Stevens  is  moving  the  Boston- 
Cherokee  mill  to  the  Mulberry  mine  at 
Duenweg. 

The  American-Cornfield  Zinc  Co.  at 
Cartervllle  has  moved  its  plant  from  the 
New  Century  mine  to  the  Myrtle  D., 
where  forty  tons  of  jack  and  twenty-five 
tons  of  lead  are  produced  each  week,  says 
the  Herald. 

One  bin  of  zinc  ore  from  the  mine  of 
Power  &  Co.,  on  the  Empire  reserve,  near 
Joplin,  brought  841  per  ton  last  week, 
says  the  Joplin  News-Herald.  It  graded 
up  to  64.5%  zinc. 

LAWRENCE    COUNTY. 

A  good  body  of  zinc  silicate  was  struck 
last  week  at  100  feet  In  the  drill  hole  being 
put  down  on  the  U.  Z.  land,  near  Aurora. 

Jones  &  Co.  have  a  lease  on  the  Good 
Luck  land,  east  of  Aurora  and  north  of 
the  Frisco  tract,  and  on  which  a  shaft  has 
been  started. 

NEWTON    COUNTY. 

Woodcock  &  Sons  have  bought  the  Can- 
nonball  mine  at  Granby  and  shut  down 
the  Rheumanla.  They  will  start  work  on 
the  Cannon  ball  this  week. 

SHANNON    COUNTY. 

The  National  L.  S.  &  M.  Co.  was  incor- 
porated last  week  at  Springfield  by  O.  W. 
&  O.  D.  Fisher,  H.  &  S.  A.  Cordz,  H.  P. 
Thomas,  P.  L.  Eddy,  B.  Heer,  M.  Paul- 
sen and  W.  J.  Orr,  to  operate  near  Birch 
Tree. 

STONE    COUNTY. 

At  Galena  Downing  &  Co.  are  making 
regular  shipments  from  one  of  the  Moss- 
back  claims. 

Boughton  Bros.  &  Beckwith,  at  the 
Victoria  mill,  are  running  tailings  and  re- 
port good  returns. 

Greenfield,  Day,  Graffe  &  Co.  are  tak- 
ing out  150  tons  of  zinc  ore  a  week  that 
will  average  $2  per  ton. 

Wheeler,  Hallam  &  Hillhouse,  on  the 
Mossback  lots,  are  sinking  a  shaft  and 
will  start  shipments  next  week. 

The  Roena  M.  Co.  has  leased  the  Bone- 
steel  mill,  which  it  will  start  up  next 
week. 

Board,  Messenger  &  Sanders  have  re- 


paired the  Overleigh  mill,  on  the  Scher- 
merhorn  land,  and  are  making  two  tons 
of  ore  a  shift  from  the  tailings. 

R.  Ping  has  leased  Scott  &  Co.'s  mill 
and  will  start  up  next  week.  He  also 
hought  the  Dwight  mill  on  the  New  York 
Zinc  Co.'s  ground. 

H.  Bates  and  T.  Teborr  have  leased  the 
Commercial  mill  on  the  L.  D.  Phillips 
land,  and  are  running  the  Danslngburg 
tailings. 

W.  J.  Wilkes  has  put  another  set  of  30- 
inch  rolls  in  the  Monte  Cristo  mill  at 
Galena,  and  is  running  the  Woodpecker 
tailings. 

On  the  Boice  &  Milliken  farm,  3  miles 
southwest  of  Galena,  both  lead  and  zinc 
ore  were  struck  at  a  depth  of  100  feet  In 
the  drill  hole  by  A.  Brown  of  Socorro, 
N.  M.,  who  will  sink  a  shaft. 

Jeffiers,  Webster  &  Ping  have  leased 
the  Manhot  mill  on  the  Wyandotte  land, 
near  Galena,  and  will  expect  to  make 
twenty-five  tons  of  zinc  per  week  when 
they  get  the  mill  repaired.  The  ore  as- 
says 50%  zinc  and  no  iron  or  lead. C. 

Poster,  A.  and  D.  Elder  and  C.  Day  have 
taken  one  of  the  old  prospects  on  the  New 
York  Zinc  Co.  ground  and  took  out  thirty 
tons  of  zinc  and  14,000  pounds  of  lead  last 
week.  They  are  working  at  depth  of  65 
feet. 

MONTANA. 

BEAVERHEAD  COUNTY. 

At  the  Birch  creek  smelter  of  the  West- 
ern M.  Co.,  operating  the  Indian  Queen 
mine  near  Dillon,  Superintendent  G.  H. 
Hiberlein  reports  operations  continue  full 
blast.  The  plant  is  not  large  enough  to 
treat  all  the  ore,  having  a  capacity  of 
thirty-three  tons  per  day,  and  they  pro- 
pose to  increase  the  capacity  to  150  tons 
per  day,  work  on  which  will  begin  by 
Sept.  1st. 

At  the  Indian  Queen,  in  the  main  tun- 
nel 350  feet  from  the  opening,  a  raise  of 
180  feet  has  been  made  in  ore,  and  at  that 
height  a  cross  tunnel  run  connecting  with 
the  surface  shaft.  A  winze  is  being  sunk 
from  the  same  place  in  the  tunnel  to  the 
150-foot  level.  At  the  station  a  6  H.  P. 
gasoline  engine  runs  the  hoist  and  a  small 
pump.  T.  Ellis  is  superintendent  of  the 
mine.  The  Western  M.  Co.  is  also  sink- 
ing on  the  Snowball  claim. 

Superintendent  Stanchfield  of  the  Ajax 
mine,  near  Dillon,  says  the  vein  opened 
up  Is  showing  7  feet  wide  and  assays  $7  in 
gold,  forty  ounces  silver,  with  8%  lead. 
Drifting  in  tunnels  Nos.  2  and  3  is  going 
ahead.  It  Is  expected  the  company  will 
build  a  tramway,  power  plant  and  mill, 
work  to  begin  next  month. 

BROADWATER  COUNTY. 

Roseberg  &  Sutton  of  Helena  are  push- 
ing work  on  their  concentrator  at  the 
Stray  Horse  mine,  at  Winston,  and  expect 
to  have  it  running  by  Sept.  I. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

The  property  of  the  Rocky  Fork  Coal 
Co.,  near  Red  Lodge,  is  to  be  sold  Sept.  1 
to  the  Northwestern  Improvement  Co., 
which  owns  and  operates  the  coal  proper- 
ties of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  Co. 
This  company  has  six  mines  in  Montana 
and  Washington,  producing  2,500,000  tons 
of  coal  a  year. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 

At  the  Barnes-King  mine,  near  Kendall, 
last  week,  the  north  drift  from  the  200- 
foot  level  opened  into  ore.  the  whole  face 
of  the  drift  averaging  $12  per  ton  in  gold. 
It  is  the  intention  of  the  Barnes-King  Co. 
to  drive  the  tunnel  north  from  the  200- 
foot  level,  a  distance  of  4000  feet,  to  the 
Dog  creek  part  of  their  property  where 
another  ore  body  is  opened  up.  The  tun- 
nel will  come  out  near  the  surface  at  the 
north  end,  and  ore  from  the  north  end 
claims  will  be  hauled  via  this  route  for 
treatment  in  the  company's  mill,  says  the 
Kendall  Chronicle.  Additional  drills  have 
been  put  in  operation  In  the  north  tunnel, 
says  Manager  E.  W.  King,  and  he  has 
eighty-five  men  on  the  pay  roll. 

Work  was  resumed  last  week  in  sinking 
the  shaft  at  the  Abbey  mine,  near  Ken- 
dall, and  will  go  to  depth  of  400  feet.  E. 
Johnson  Is  superintendent. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 

A  strike  of  high-grade  silver  ore  is  re- 
ported made  last  week  In  the  Liverpool 
mine  at  Lump  gulch,  near  Clancey.  The 
company  has  sunk  the  shaft  from  the  400- 
foot  point  to  750  feet  with  crosscuts  at 
the  500,  600  and  750-foot  levels,  and  in 
each  of  these  has  found  ore,  the  vein  be- 
ing 6  feet  wide  at  the  500-foot  level  with  a 
1-foot  pay  streak.  The  Liverpool  Co.  is 
composed  of  Eastern  men. 

The  Boulder-Comstock  mine,  1J  miles 
from  Basin,  has  been  bonded  to  A.  S.  Ray 
&  Co.  of  Butte,  who  have  started  devel- 
opment work.  A  hoioting  plant  will  be 
put  in  and  the  shaft  sunk  200- feet  from 
the  280-foot  level.  The  ore  carries  silver 
and  copper.  Water  level  has  not  been 
reached. 

The  Dunstan  mine  at  Elkhorn  has  been 


bonded  by  C.  Hopkins,  who  will  develop 
it  thoroughly.  Parties  are  negotiating 
for  a  bond  on  the  Relief  mine  at  Elkhorn. 
The  Elkhorn  Queen,  Holter  and  Pay- 
master mines  are  being  worked. 

The  Jacquemin-Rothfus  mines  near 
Elkhorn  have  been  sold  to  the  Pittsburg- 
Montana  M.  Co.  for  $25,000.  There  are 
three  claims  in  the  group. 

After  a  shut  down  of  three  years  work 
is  again  under  way  on  the  Eva  May  mine 
near  Basin.  The  ore  shows  gold,  silver 
and  copper. 

Manager  Hewitt  has  let  a  contract  for 
another  1000  feet  of  tunnel  In  the  Bullion 
mine  of  the  Cataract  M.  Co.,  near  Basin. 
All  of  the  tunnel  will  be  planked. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

The  Capital  M.  Co.  of  Helena  is  taking 
out  high-grade  gold  ore  from  the  Faith 
mine,  in  Holmes'  gulch,  3  miles  from 
Helena,  and  shipments  have  begun. 

Hardgrove  &  Cary  report  opening  up  a 
promising  Iron  lead  at  the  head  of  Nelson 

gulch,  5  miles  from  Helena. The  Royal 

Potosi  M.  Co.  of  Butte  has  started  work 
on  its  properties  in  Potosi  district,  which 
have  been  idle  for  some  time. 

Austin  Bros,  have  bonded  the  Straw- 
berry group,  near  Marysvllle,  in  Skelly 
gulch. The  New  Boston  M.  Co.,  com- 
posed of  Dakota  men,  has  been  incor- 
porated to  work  a  group  of  mines  at  Cor- 
bin,  near  Helena. 

PARK  COUNTY. 

Work  Is  going  ahead  in  the  Klmberly- 
Montana  mines  at  Jardine.  The  40-stamp 
mill  on  the  Revenue  mine,  one  of  their 
group,  Is  running  steadily  and  the  tailings 
are  cyanided.  The  new  40-stamp  mill  will 
be  running  by  Aug.  15,  says  the  Inter- 
Mountain. 

SILVER  BOW  COUNTY. 

Work  is  progressing  at  the  site  of  the 
PlttBburg  &  Montana  C.  Co.  smelter  be- 
ing built  in  East  Butte.  Five  cars  of  steel 
arrived  last  week.  The  foundations  for 
the  two  400-ton  furnaces  are  completed 
and  the  erection  of  the  steel  frame  work 
of  the  smelter  has  begun.  Development 
work  continues  in  the  Parrel  shaft  of  the 
company.  While  crosscutting  the  lead 
on  the  1200-foot  station  a  body  of  ore  run- 
ning 8%  in  copper,  which  is  the  same  class 
of  ore  as  was  struck  on  the  800-foot  level, 
was  opened  into. 

NEVADA 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

The  Longfellow  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  In- 
corporated to  operate  near  Gardnerville 
by  E.  W.  &  M.  E.  Carman  and  F.  Ev- 
erett. 

ESMERALDA  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Colcord  of  the  Con.  Es- 
meralda M.  Co.,  12  miles  from  Hawthorne, 
says  he  is  making  preparations  to  build  a 
40-stamp  mill  on  their  group,  and  It  is  ex- 
pected to  have  the  mill  running  by  Janu- 
ary. About  230,000  leet  of  lumber  will  be 
used. 

L.  L.  Patrick  &  Co.  last  week  made  the 
first  payment  on  the  group  which  they 
have  bought  in  the  Tokop  district,  55 
miles  south  and  west  of  Tonopah.  Work 
will  begin  next  week  and  the  group  de- 
veloped.   Later  a  mill  will  be  put  up. 

EUREKA  COUNTY. 
Manager  P.  Porter  last  week  made  first 
payment  on  the  Keystone  group  of  mines 
near  Eureka,  for  Chicago  men,  and  has 
started  development  work.  In  the  main 
ledge,  a  contact  between  the  limestone  and 
granite,  he  has  opened  up  a  body  of  cop- 
per-bearing ore. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

A.  J.  McQuaid,  of  Pueblo,  Colo.,  having 
the  Good  Enough  and  the  Rajah  mines, 
near  Searchlight,  under  bond,  says  he 
will  increase  development  work.  The 
Good  Enough  is  the  northeast  extension 
of  the  Searchlight  mine.  The  Rajah  lies 
between  the  Southern  Nevada  mill  and 
the  Blossom  mine. 

M.  G.  Banks,  superintendent  of  the 
New  Era  mine  near  Searchlight,  says  6000 
feet  of  water  pipe  have  arrived,  which 
will  be  used  to  pipe  water  to  the  mill 
which  will  be  built. 

In  Newberry  district,  near  Searchlight, 
the  Chiqulta  group  and  the  Juniper  group 
have  been  bonded  to  the  Providence  Ex- 
ploration &  Development  Co.  of  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.,  for  $35,000  and  first  payment 
made.  The  Juniper  group  of  five  claims 
is  6  miles  south  of  Spirit  mountain,  in  the 
Newberry  range.  The  pay  shoot  in  the 
ledge  is  3$  feet  wide,  averaging  $15.  A 
2-stamp  mill  has  been  run  on  the  property 
for  several  years.  The  development  work 
on  the  Juniper  consists  of  650  feet  of 
shafts  and  drifts  in  the  ore  body.  The 
Chiqulta  group  lies  4£  miles  west  of  the 
Juniper  and  has  800  feet  of  workings. 

LYON   COUNTY. 

Reports  from  Como  Indicate  a  revival 
of  mining  operations  In  that  camp.     The 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


91 


Comc-Eureka  mine  and  mill  are  in  full 
operation  under  Manager  J.  H.  Rae  and 
thirty  tone  of  ore  are  being  crushed  daily. 
Electric  power  for  operating  and  lighting 
the  mine  and  mill  is  transmitted  from  the 
company's  plant  at  Dayton,  which  has  a 
reserve  of   HOOH.  P.  if   required.      The 

company  employs  twenty  men Work 

was  returned  in  the  North  Rapidan  tun- 
nel this  week. 

NYE  COUNTY. 

The  suit  against  the  Tonopah  M.  Co. 
by  the  Tonopah  &  Salt  Lake  M.  Co  for 
the  possession  of  portions  of  the  Butler 
group  of  mines  was  decided  on  the  3rd 
Inst.  In  the  United  States  Circuit  Court  at 
Carson  in  favor  of  defendant.  The  suit 
was  brought  on  an  adverse  claim  and  a 
protest  entered  in  the  United  States  land 
office  at  Carson  against  the  application  of 
Butler's  company  for  patent  to  consoli- 
dated claims  embracing  eight  locations, 
complainants  alleging  that  two  of  But- 
ler's claims,  the  Valley  View  and  the  Sil- 
ver Top,  overlapped  three  of  their  loca- 
tions. On  August  30,  1900,  Butler  put  up 
his  location  notices  and  on  March  20, 1901, 
the  company  filed  in  tbe  land  office  at 
Carson  an  amended  notice  of  location,  em- 
bracing eight  consolidated  claims.  But 
the  Tonopah  &  Salt  Lake  Co.  had  staked 
Its  claims  so  that  in  part  they  were  coinci- 
dent with  the  ground  staked  out  in  the 
amended  notice  of  the  Tonopah  M.  Co. 
The  main  plea  of  the  complainant  was 
that  in  several  instances  Butler's  bound- 
ary stakes  were  not  to  be  found,  and  also 
that  his  amended  notice  varied  from  that 
first  placed  by  him.  To  this  argument 
Judge  Hawley  gave  the  following  answer  : 
"  When  a  valid  location  of  a  mining  claim 
is  once  made  it  vestB  in  the  locator  and 
his  successors  in  interest  the  right  of  pos- 
session thereto,  which  right  cannot  be 
divested  by  the  obligation  or  removal, 
without  the  fault  of  the  locator  or  his  suc- 
cessors in  Interest,  of  the  stakeB  and  monu- 
ments marking  Its  boundaries,  or  of  the 
obliteration  or  removal  from  the  claim  of 
the  location  notces  posted  thereon.  The 
right  of  the  original  locators  to  change 
their  original  location,  so  long  as  such 
change  does  not  interfere  with  the  exist- 
ing rights  of  others  acquired  previous  to 
such  change,  is  unquestioned.  Tbe 
amended  certificate  of  location,  when 
made,  becomes  the  completed  location  of 
the  discoverer,  and  Is  just  as  valid  as  if  It 
had  been  made  In  the  first  instance." 

C.Peters  reports  preparing  to  put  In  a 
mill  of  10-ton  capacity  to  work  the  high- 
grade  ore  from  his  mine  at  Ellsworth,  10 
miles  west  of  Berlin.  The  shaft  is  down 
50  feet  and  a  ledge  2  feet  wide  carrying 
$100  a  ton  in  gold  has  been  opened  up. 

The  foundation  for  the  mill  to  be  built 
on  the  King  Tonopah  ground,  near  Tono- 
pah, will  be  finished  this  week.  They 
have  fourteen  men  employed. 

Diamond  drill  operations  in  the  Mizpah 
mine  at  Tonopah  are  progressing  and  the 
bore  will  be  driven  to  depth  of  1500  feet 
below  the  700  foot  station. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

W.  C.  Chandler,  who  is  reopening  the 
Mountain  Key  mine  at  Plnos  Altos,  re- 
ports having  struck  a  vein  of  gold  ore 
which  Is  4  feet  wide.  This  mine  Is  700 
feet  deep.  Chandler  is  getting  out  Borne 
ore  for  shipment,  the  second  grade  of 
which  he  is  concentrating. 

The  Shamrock  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating 
at  Pinos  Altos,  has  taken  a  lease  on  the 
Pacific  mine,  owned  by  the  Hearst  estate, 
and  has  men  at  work.  The  ore  from  this 
mine  Is  nearly  all  sulphides  and  the  com- 
pany is  using  it  for  fluxing  purposes  at  its 
smelter. 

The  American  Con.  C.  Co.  will  put  up 
a  reduction  plant  on  its  group  in  Shakes- 
peare district,  south  of  Lordsburg,  says 
Manager  A.  R.  Gibson  This  plant  will 
be  operated  In  addition  to  the  concen- 
trator already  on  the  group.  Gibson  has 
also  made  arrangements  for  development 
by  his  other  two  companies — the  Gibson 
Dev.  Co.  and  the  Shaw-Gibson  M.  Co. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  Cashier  M.  Co.  of  Denver,  Colo., 
operating  at  Anchor,  has  decided  to  run 
1500  feet  more  of  tunnel.  The  vein  is  of 
free  milling  ore  running  $3  per  ton.  A. 
W.  Schmidt  of  Antonlto,  Colo  ,  is  man- 
ager. 

OTERO   COUNTY. 

The  Alamo  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  has  Incor- 
porated at  Alamogordo,  with  M.  P.  Coak- 
ley,  W.  C.  Hood,  W.  K.  Shelton  and 
T.  T.  Leask,  and  W.  Irish  of  Iowa. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Pritze  of  the  Torpedo 
mine  last  week  lowered  the  new  pump 
down  the  Anderson  shaft  and  is  unwater- 
Ing  the  lower  levels. 

At  the  Gold  Camp,  near  Rio  Grande,  a 
strike  Is  reported  in  the  Alligator  tunnel, 
owned  by  the  Dora  M.  Co.,  on  the  eastern 
Blope  of  Mineral  hill,  showing  a  3-foot  vein 


of  ore,  2  feet  of  which  are  galena-bearing 
quartz  The  ore  runs  45%  lead,  22  ounces 
in  silver  and  (5  per  ton  In  gold.  The  tun- 
nel is  In  150  feet  and  this  ore  body  was 
found  125  feet  from  the  surface. 

SIERRA   COUNTY. 

Development  work  on  the  Richmond 
mine,  near  Billsboro,  is  progressing,  and 
In  tbe  200-foot  level  a  shoot  of  shipping 
ore  4  feet  wide  has  been  opened  up.  The 
Richmond  Is  owned  by  Boston,  Mass., 
men,  who  propose  to  sink  a  double-com- 
partment shaft  to  depth  of  1000  feet, 
blocking   out  sufficient  ore  to  justify   the 

erection  of  a  mill  or  smelting  plant. 

At  the  Happy  Jack  mine  work  is  pro- 
gressing. They  expect  to  start  the  An- 
drews  mill   next   week The  Hlllsboro 

G.  M.  &  M.  Co.'s  mill  will  be  ready  to 
start  up  this  week.  The  pipe  line  from 
the  water  right  to  the  mill  Is  completed. 
An  additional  table  bas  been  placed  In  the 
mill,  says  Superintendent  Kasser.  In  tbe 
200-foot  level  of  the  Little  Ready  Pay 
there  are  4  feet  of  ore  that  will  average 

$30  to  the  ton The  Empire  Co.  report 

that  mine  will  put  down  their  working 
shaft  500  feet  before  starting  to  run  any 
levels. 

Manager  Wlnspear  and  A.  J.  Hirsch 
report  work  started  on  putting  up  a  mill 
and  all  necessary  steam  power  equipment 
for  the  mines  of  the  South  Percha  G.  M. 
&  M.  Co.,  near  Hillsboro.  They  also  have 
a  whim,  which  will  be  put  up  on  the 
Kingston,  one  of  their  mines.  The  com- 
pany expects  to  have  the  20-ton  mill  ready 
for  operation  by  October  1. 

The  Minnehaha  mill  will  start  up  by 
September  10.  The  difficulty  in  securing 
the  needed  supply  of  lumber  has  been  a 
drawback.  Work  on  the  Minnehaha  mine 
has  been  suspended  temporarily  and  oper- 
ations concentrated  on  the  Great  Repub- 
lic.    J.  L.  Terry  Is  superintendent. 

SOCORRO   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  The  20- 
stamp  mill  recently  erected  by  the 
Socorro  G.  M.  Co.  upon  its  properties 
west  of  Magdalena  will  be  in  operation  in 
a  few  days.  This  property  has  been  deveN 
oped  the  past  year  under  the  superintend- 
ence of  C.  L.  Herrick  of  the  University 
Geological  Survey,  and  consists  of  four- 
teen claims,  covering  several  miles  of 
quartz  veins  in  ande9ite,  which  forms 
both  walls.  The  veins  vary  from  4  to  12 
feet  in  width  and  have  been  explored  125 
feet  below  the  water  level,  with  the  result 
of  uncovering  more  uniform  ore  at  the 
greater  depths.  The  ore  is  oxidized  and 
free  milling,  and,  though  low  grade,  ex- 
ists in  large  quantity  and  over  a  large 
area  The  mill  will  be  fully  equipped  for 
concentration  below  the  plates. 

Magdalena,  July  30. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

UNION  COUNTY. 

Manager  G.  S.  Peyton,  operating  the 
mines  aid  mill  of  the  Colossus  M.  Co.  at 
Waxbaw,  says  the  production  of  gold 
from  the  cyanide  plant  has  started  the 
bullion  going  to  a  refinery  in  Chicago,  111 
E.  Gayford  is  in  charge  of  the  plant  at  the 
Colossus  and  reports  raising  the  saving 
from  84%  to  92%.  The  ore  body  is  410 
feet  between  walls,  showing  an  average  of 
$4  per  ton,  the  cost  to  mill  it  being  85 
cents. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

J.  Fawcett  of  Omaha,  Neb.,  president 
and  managing  owner  of  the  Psyche  M. 
Co.,  near  Sumpter,  says  the  company  Is 
making  preparations  to  put  in  a  hoist 
with  depth  capacity  of  500  feet,  together 
with  pumps  and  other  machinery.  Ten 
stamps  of  the  twenty  are  dropping,  says 
Superintendent  Elmer. 

At  the  Eureka  and  ExcelBior  mines  at 
Bourue,  owned  by  J.  Bourne,  Jr.,  Super- 
intendent J.  S.  Wyatt  says  operations 
were  resumed  this  week. 

GRANT    COUNTY. 

E.  S.  Topping  and  W.  E.  Sanders,  who 
have  a  bond  on  the  Oreole  claim,  near 
Susanville,  started  work  last  week.  The 
Oreole  is  said  to  carry  tellurlde. 

Work  was  resumed  at  the  Copperopolis 
mine,  in  Quartzburg  district,  last  week, 
after  a  temporary  idleness,  says  W.  W. 
Gibbs,  managing  director.  He  will  add 
another  drill  to  the  compressor  plant  and 
increase  development  work.  In  the  main 
tunnel  there  is  cobalt  in  the  ore,  besides 
values  in  gold,  silver  and  copper. 

The  Jupiter  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Prairie  Diggings  mine,  near  Prairie  City, 
is  preparing  to  put  in  machinery,  includ- 
ing a  pump  and  hoist,  with  working  ca- 
pacity at  depth  of  600  feet,  says  Manager 
Messner.  The  shaft  is  double-compart- 
ment. 

J.  P.  Watson,  of  Portland,  Bays  opera- 
tions are  to  be  resumed  on  the  Keystone 
mine  in  Quartzburg  district.  A  hoisting 
plant  and  other  machinery  are  being  put 


in.    It  1b  Intended  to  do  deep  sinking  work 
before  putting  In  a  mill. 

JACKSON  COUNTY. 
The  Jacksonville  Times  says  during  the 
past  year  a   total   of  350  mining  claims 
were  located  In  Jackson  county. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 
Work  is  progressing  at  the  Granite  Hill 
mines,  near  Grant's  Pass,  and  the  10- 
stamp  mill  Is  expected  to  be  in  operation 
early  In  September.  Development  work 
haB  been  carried  on  steadily.  Improve- 
ments in  the  equipment  of  the  Gran- 
ite Hill  placers  are  also  In  contemplation, 
among  them  a  hydraulic  elevator  on  the 
lower  part  of  the  ground. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

The  Gilt  Edge  and  Dakota  Maid  mines 
of  Bear  Butte  district,  near  Galena,  have 
been  bought  by  Eastern  and  local  parties 
for  $150,000,  and  the  Gilt  Edge  -  Maid  G. 
M.  Co.  formed,  officered  as  follows:  J,  L. 
Turner,  Springfield,  S.  D;  W.  Lardner, 
W.  Selbie,  J.  R.  Wilson  and  G.  A.  Dun- 
can of  Deadwood,  with  W.  D.  Lowry, 
Minneapolis,  Minn.  G.  A.  Duncan  of 
Deadwood  is  manager.  The  company  will 
build  a  cyanide  plant  having  an  initial 
capacity  of  125  tons  a  day.  The  ore  is 
said  to  average  $7  per  ton.  The  two 
groups  of  claims  comprise  132  acres  of 
mineral  land  along  Strawberry  gulch. 

Tbe  reduction  plants  In  course  of  con- 
struction and  proposed  will  increase  tbe 
Black  Hills  gold  out  ut  within  the  next 
six  months  as  follows,  says  the  Record: 
The  Hidden  Fortune  G.  M.  Co.  will  mill 
300  tonB  daily;  tbe  Columbus  Con.  G.  M. 
Co.,  1000  tons  dally;  the  Golden  Crest  M. 
Co.,  100  tons  dally;  the  Reliance  G.  M. 
Co.,  300  tons  dally;  the  Dakota  Maid-Gilt 
Edge  Co.,  300  tons  dally;  tbe  Horseshoe 
M.  Co  ,  500  tons  daily;  the  Dorr  -  Lund- 
berg  -  Wilson  Co.,  100  tons  daily;  the 
Homestake  M.  Co.,  500  tons  dailv;  the 
Phoenix  G.  M.  Co.,  250  tons  dally  —  a 
total  increase  of  3350  tons  over  the  pres- 
ent daily  capacity  of  all  the  mills  of  the 
Bla--k  Hills. 

The  Dizzy  M.  Co.  is  prospecting  the 
lower  quartzite  ore  measures  on  its  ground 
below  Maitland  by  means  of  a  diamond 
drill,  eays  the  Review.  This  company, 
organized  for  operations  in  Garden  City 
district,  has  1100  acres  north  of  the  Penob- 
scot group  and  expects  to  begin  sinking 
this  month. 

Men  are  at  work  at  the  Gold  Eagle  mine, 
near  Maitland,  opening  up  ore  bodies.  A 
cyanide  mill  will  be  built. 

Sinking  has  been  resumed  in  the  Hid- 
den Fortune  shaft,  near  Deadwood,  after 
a  shut  down  of  several  months,  owing  to 
destruction  of  hoist  by  fire.  The  Bbaft 
has  been  unwatered  and  they  are  down 
300  feet.  At  that  depth  a  station  will  be 
cut  and  drifts  run  to  explore  the  Bing- 
ham vein.  The  alterations  to  the  mill  are 
progressing  and  the  company  expects  to 
start  milling  ore  by  September  15. 

The  Lead  City  Call  reports  that  at  the 
Oro  Hondo  mine,  near  Lead,  work  in  the 
three-compartment  shaft  is  progressing 
and  it  is  down  530  feet.  The  shaft  is  in 
ore  and  will  be  continued  to  the  600-foot 
level,  at  which  point  crosscutting  will 
begin,  says  Manager  Nix. 

The  Spearfish  mill  of  the  Spearfish  M. 
Co.,  operating  in  Ragged  Top  district, 
near  Spearfish,  is  handling  220  tons  a  day, 
all  of  which  is  coming  from  development 
work,  as  no  stoping  Is  as  yet  being  done. 
They  are  driving  three  breasts,  all  In  ore, 
in  the  Black  Diamond  vein,  on  the  south 
end  of  the  property.  The  Kelly  cut  was 
run  in  110  feet  and  three  laterals  driven, 
which  are  in  160  feet  farther.  These 
drifts  are  12  feet  wide.  The  vein  is  10  feet 
in  thickness.  On  the  north  end  of  the 
group  a  vein  has  been  opened  which  Is  11 
feet  wide,  assaying  87  per  ton,  the  ore 
body  being  proved  by  five  shafts. 

PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 
Milling  ore  Is  being  blocked  out  in  the 
mine  of  the  Golden  West  M.  Co.  at  Horn- 
blende camp,  near  Rochford,  which  assays 
84  50  a  ton,  of  which  it  is  claimed  two- 
thirds  can  be  saved  by  amalgamation. 
The  company  intends  to  build  a  mill  in 
the  spring  to  replace  the  test  plant  on  the 
ground,  and  will  be  of  200  tons  daily  ca- 
pacity. The  tailings  will  be  cyanided. 
From  the  mine  to  the  mill  the  ore  will  be 
transported  by  aerial  tramway.  J.  H. 
FlBher  is  superintendent. 

UTAH. 

IRON    COUNTY. 

T.  E.  Stenson  has  men  at  work  on  the 
Sidewinder  mine,  near  Statellne,  sinking 
a  shaft  on  the  ledge.  Ore  is  being  opened 
up  Bhowing  values  In  free  gold,  with  a  lit- 
tle silver. 

At  Stateline  the  Johnny  M.  Co.  has  put 
in  an  air  compressor  and  will  increase  de- 
velopment work.     It  is  proposed  to  later 

Install  additional  stampB  at  the  mill. 

The  Hope  group,  owned  by   a  Wyoming 


company,  with  W.  E.  Stoddart  of  Lara- 
mie, Wyo  ,  as  manager,  is  getting  ready 
to  begin  development.  A  gasoline  hoist 
is  being  set  up  and  a  working  shaft  will  be 

put  down The  Venus  group   will  be 

reopened. A  one-fourth  interest  in  tfce 

Tribune  group  has  been  bought  by  W.  E. 
Stoddart. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Mount 
Baldy  M.,  M.  &  P.  Co.,  with  holdings 
above  Ten  Mile  creek,  near  Marysvale,  has 
been  incorporated,  with  J  Fatten,  of 
New  York,  president,  and  R.  De  Witt, 
general  manager.  Assays  from  the  Over- 
looked Bhaft  give  returns  of  $150  in  gold, 
with  small  percentage  of  silver.  There 
are  five  claims  in  the  group.  An  electric 
plant  Is  being  put  In  to  furnish  power  to 
tbe  mill. 

The  Gold  Run  M.  Co.,  of  Salt  Lake 
City  men,  has  bonded  and  leased  the 
Wedge  group  in  the  Horse  Heaven  dis- 
trict, F.  Dalton,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  will 
have  charge  of  tbe  property.  Operations 
were  Btarted  last  week  and  more  men  will 
be  put  on  as  fast  as  development  will  per- 
mit, and  the  shipping  of  ore  will  begin. 

The  Henry  Bradburn  M  Co.,  in  the 
Cottonwood  district,  has  men  at  work 
and  report  operations  progressing.  Two 
tunnels  are  being  run  to  crosscut  the 
vein,  which  is  75  feet  wide.  H.  Brad- 
burn  is  manager  and  J.  U.  Sargent, 
superintendent. 

The  Franklin  M.  Co.  has  started  two 
tunnels,  one  on  the  Cottonwood  side  and 
one  on  the  Bullion  creek  side.  Two 
thousand  feet  will  have  to  be  run  for 
them  to  meet.  It  is  expected  from  sur- 
face indications  a  good  body  of  ore  will 
be  opened  up.  O.  Larsen  is  superinten- 
dent. 

The  B.  W.  &  H.,  in  Sevier  canyon, 
sold  a  shipment  of  ore  last  week  on  con- 
trols, showing  $17  gold  and  forty-nine 
ounces  in  sliver.  The  ore  is  from  a  3J- 
foot  vein. 

The  Deer  Trail  mine  is  reported  sold 
last  week  and  arrangements  are  being 
made  to  resume  operations.  With  these 
mines  operating  and  the  Treasure  Vault, 
the  L.  &  N.,  the  Alderbaran  and  the 
PerJue  Surprise  also  producing,  Marys- 
vale  district  is  again  becoming  active. 

Marysvale,  August  3. 

The  Annie  Laurie  mine  at  Marysvale 
has  been  closed  down  temporarily,  says 
Manager  C.  I.  Rader,  pending  improve- 
ments on  the  mill,  which  are  under  way. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  Falco  group  of  claims  at  Bingham, 
owned  by  the  Cluster  M.  Co.,  is  to  be 
opened  up  through  a  tunnel  which  was 
Btarted  last  fall  through  the  main  Bing- 
ham canyon,  says  Superintendent  Falco. 
The  first  ledge  expected  to  be  tapped  is 
the  Lead,  while  at  1100  feet  from  the 
mouth  the  Yosemlte  vein  will  be  cut.  The 
mouth  of  the  tunnel  is  on  the  line  of  the 
Copper  Belt  Railroad. 

Manager  G.  Lavagnino  of  the  Butter- 
field  mines  at  Bingham  says  operations 
will  be  resumed. 

Manager  E.  W.  Young  of  the  MyBtic 
Shrine  mine  of  Bingham  has  bought  the 
St.  Elmo  location  near  Bingham. 

UTAH    COUNTY. 

The  Salvator  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated to  operate  the  Salvator  and  the 
Nevada  lode  claims  In  Tintlc  district,  near 
Eureka;  J.  Knight,  J.  Evans,  R.  E. 
Allen,  A.  M.  Knight  and  W.  E.  Rydaleh. 
WASATCH  COUNTY. 

The  South  Quincy  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Salt  Lake  City  by  A.  V. 
Taylor,  J.  H.  Powers,  W.  D.  Sutton  and 
A.  W.  CaBey.  The  company  holds  a  bond 
and  lease  on  twelve  claims  in  Snake  Creek 
district. 

WASHINGTON. 

PERRY    COUNTY. 

E.  D.  Ross,  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
the  Magnolia  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.,  is  making 
arrangements  to  Btart  a  200-foot  Bhaft  on 
the  Johnson  mine  on  Iron  mountain,  8 
miles  southwest  of  Northport.  This  prop- 
erty has  300  feet  of  tunnel,  says  the  Re- 
view. 

WISCONSIN. 

LA  CROSSE  COUNTY. 
C.  Scofield   of  Brownsville,   mining  on 
Wildcat   bluff,   near  La   Cros6e,   reports 
having  found  quartz  carrying  gold. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 
Near  Grand  Encampment,  the  New 
Rambler  mine  is  going  down.  The  deep- 
est point,  200  feet,  is  in  ore  and  recent 
work  has  shown  a  second  ore  shoot.  A 
crosscut  was  started  from  the  shaft  and 
run  170  feet  north;  from  face  of  crosscut 
a  winze  Bunk  50  feet  on  incline,  and  from 
bottom  of  winze  a  crosscut  run  45  feet,  in 
glance  and  carbonate  ore.  The  ore  in  the 
crosscut  Is  all  of  milling  grade.  The  winze 
will  go  deeper. 


92 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 


RHODESIA. 

The  Rezende  Co  ,  near  Bulawayo,  July 
15,  report:  Results  for  the  quarter  end- 
ing June  30:  Wet  tons  milled,  9790;  fine 
gold  recovered,  3579  ounces;  value  of  re- 
turn, £15,210;  costs  per  ton,  18s. 

TRANSVAAL. 

The  East  Rand  Mining  Estates  report 
in  Palmietkuil  borehole  No.  2,  reef  of 
banket  (not  main  reef  series)  struck  at 
depth  of  1800  feet.  Boring  is  being  con- 
tinued, and  the  hole  is  now  down  2100 
feet.  The  borehole  on  Grootvlei  Is  pro- 
gressing, and  it  is  expected  the  reef  will 
be  struck  within  next  850  feet. 

WEST  AFRICA. 

At  the  Broomassie  mines  the  first  in- 
stallment of  machinery  for  the  40-stamp 
mill  is  being  set  up. 

Con.  Goldfields  of  the  Ivory  Coast,  at 
Bassam,  report  on  Catasso  concession 
shows,  in  No.  1  west  shaft  the  width  of 
the  lode  is  8  feet  at  water  level  and  gold 
hearing.  Manager  Woodyatt  has  driven 
40  feet  on  the  lode.  In  No.  3  east  the 
width  of  the  lode  is  4  feet  at  the  water 
level  and  gold  bearing.  The  east  lode 
across  Mezan  river  contains  free  gold. 

AUSTRALIA. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

The  Proprietary  Colliery,  at  Collie, 
have  put  in  a  fan  at  their  mine  with  a  ca- 
pacity of  85,000  cubic  feet  of  air  per  minute. 
The  fan  is  not  as  yet  working  at  its  full 
capacity,  but  is  giving  400  cubic  feet  per 
man  per  minute  for  all  the  men  and 
horses  employed  in  the  mine.  The  fan  is 
driven  by  a  16  H.  P.  motor,  and  the  air 
way  is  lighted  by  electricity.  The  elec- 
tric pumps  in  the  mine  are  working  satis- 
factorily, says  Manager  Evans. 
.  The  Kalgoorlie  Gold  Recovery  Co.  re- 
port 214  tons  of  concentrates  treated  at 
their  Orotava  works  for  a  yield  of  1244 
ounceB  gold.  The  average  was  5.81  ounces 
per  ton. 

The  reported  request  of  the  Council  of 
West  Australia  Mine  Owners  to  the  Gov- 
ernment for  the  appointment  of  an  expert 
mine  inspector  for  the  purpose  of  check- 
ing the  reports  of  ore  reserves  in  the 
mines  of  Kalgoorlie  district,  is  denied  by 
the  directors  of  that  company. 

BRAZIL. 

The  Brazilian  Government  at  Rio  de 
Janeiro  has  issued  a  call  for  tenders  to 
work  the  monazite  sand  placers  of  the 
Empire. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

CASSIAR  DISTRICT. 

A  strike  of  placer  gold  is  reported  near 
the  headwaters  of  the  Stickeen  river  in 
Stickeen  division. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

J.  D.  McDonald,  general  superintendent 
of  the  West  Eootenay  Power  &  Light  Co. 
electrical  power  plant  at  Bonnington  falls, 
and  T.  R.  Stockett,  Jr.,  general  superin- 
tendent of  the  Crow's  Nest  Pass  Coal  Co., 
Ltd.,  are  making  arrangements  to  put  in 
an  electric  lighting  system  for  lighting 
the  Morrissey  mine  buildings,  employes' 
houses  and  the  town  of  Morrissey.  The 
plant  will  have  a  capacity  of  3000  lights 
and  be  a  two-phase  alternating  system. 
The  engine  for  running  the  dynamos  is  on 
the  ground.  Stockett  states  that  eight 
carloads  of  wooden  stavepipe,  from  6  to  12 
inches  in  diameter,  are  on  the  ground  for 
the  water  works  line  to  the  town.  The 
ditch  for  this  line,  which  will  be  16,000 
feet  in  length,  is  being  cut.  Material  for 
slack  coal  storage  bins  at  the  coke  ovens 
is  arriving  and  work  on  these  will  start 
this  week.  One  million  feet  of  timber  will 
be  used  in  the  construction  of  these  bins, 
which  will  have  a  storage  capacity  of  5000 
tons  of  coal.  Additional  bins  will  also  be 
built  to  contain  coal  for  domestic  pur- 
poses. Sixty  of  the  250  coke  ovens  under 
construction  are  ready  for  filling,  which 
has  started,  and  they  will  be  lighted  up 
for  the  burning  of  coke  as  rapidly  as  they 
are  filled.  The  regular  production  of 
coke  started  this  week. 

SLOCAN  DISTRICT. 
In  order  to  provide  funds  for  opening 
up  a  road  to  the  property  and  driving  a 
deeper  tunnel,  the  Fisher  Maiden-Troy 
M.  Co.,  operating  on  Four  Mile  creek, 
near  Slocan  City,  has  decided  to  reorgan- 
ize. They  have  a  carload  of  ore  sacked 
ready  for  shipment,  awaiting  completion 
of  the  road,  in  addition  to  300  tons  of  sec- 
ond grade  ore,  averaging  forty-two  ounces 
per  ton  in  silver. 

KLONDIKE. 

Dawson  reports  tell  of  another  strike  on 
the   Pelly    river,    near  its  head;   and   a 


steamer  has  gone  up  the  river  with  forty 
men  to  stake  claims.  The  Yukon  is  said 
to  be  lowering  so  rapidly  that  before  the 
end  of  August  only  the  lightest  draft  ves- 
sels will  be  operating. 

Reports  from  Dawson  say  another  gold 
strike  has  been  made  on  the  upper  Pelly 
river,  26  miles  above  Hoole  canyon. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

J.  P.  Jones,  E.  Davis  and  J.  P.  Cowen 
of  New  York  are  reported  to  have  bought 
the  Capusaya  group  of  mines  adjoining 
the  mines  of  Pedro  Alvarado,  near  Parral. 

Operations  will  be  resumed  at  the 
Prieto  mine  at  Parral.  says  Superinten- 
dent Terry,  next  week. 

The  roasting  furnaces  of  the  Red  Hill 
mine  in  Cerro  Colorado,  in  Parral  dis- 
trict, are  ready  for  operation  and,  with 
the  100-ton  lixiviation  plant,  will  be 
started  up  this  week,  says  W.  E.  Rogers, 
manager. 

The  Cigarrero  mine  in  Sierra  Amaloya 
section  is  Bhipping  eighty  tons  of  ore  per 
day.  The  location  is  on  a  mountain  5  miles 
south  of  the  Mexican  Central's  branch 
from  Jimenez  to  Parral.  The  ores  are 
silver-lead,  carrying  gold  values. 

P.  Ginther,  manager  of  the  Encinlllas 
Mines,  Ltd.,  reports  the  company's  80-ton 
smelting  plant  at  Santa  Rosalia  will  be 
finished  this  month. 

On  the  Palmillo  mine,  near  Parral,  a 
power  plant  is  being  built  by  the  owner, 
P.  Alvarado,  and  another  is  under  con- 
struction on  the  properties  of  the  Con- 
solidated M.  Co.  of  Parral.  Leases  and 
bonds  have  been  taken  by  J.  C.  Brooks  on 
the  San  Diego  mine  at  Santa  Barbara;  by 
the  Saginaw  M.  &  M.  Co.  on  the  Quatro 
de  Julio  of  Parral;  by  the  Stillwell  people 
(the  Kansas  City,  Mexico  &  Orient  Rail- 
road) on  the  Germania,  which  has  45  per- 
tenencias  adjoining  the  Refugio  mine  of 
Parral.  Development  work  is  being 
started  on  all  of  these  mines. 

DURANQO. 

The  Chicago  men,  F.  J.  Lichtenberger 
manager,  who  took  over  the  four  mines  at 
Januco  de  Coronado,  have  organized  the 
Coronado-Durango  M.  Co.  The  claims 
are  the  La  Union,  La  Peruna,  Gran  Se- 
nora  and  Zaragoza. 

It  is  proposed  to  build  a  railroad  from 
Caliacan  in  Jalisco  to  Topia  in  Western 
Durango.  The  matter  is  being  consid- 
ered by  men  from  Durango  and  the  United 
States  to  handle  the  tonnage  from  the 
mines.  Topia  is  a  silver-lead  camp,  the 
principal  mines  of  which  are  owned  by 
the  Selby  &  Miller  M.  Co.  The  property 
has  6000  feet  of  development  and  a  100- 
ton  concentrating  mill. 

The  American  Security  &  Trust  Co. ,  of 
Detroit,  Mich.,  are  opening  up  a  group  of 
fifty  -  seven  pertenencias  adjoining  the 
Mina  Grande  de  La  Paz,  1  mile  from 
Yerba  Buena.  The  Durango  M.  Co.  is 
being  organized  to  operate  the  group  and 
machinery  will  be  put  in. 

GUERRERO. 

The  Mitchell  Copper  Co.  is  preparing 
to  build  a  railroad  from  its  mines  at  La 
Diche  to  Acapulco  on  the  coast,  a  distance 
of  60  miles. 

JALISCO. 
The  Ampara  M.  Co.  has  paid  the  $230," 
000  balance  on  the  Santo  Domingo  mine' 
near  Etzatlan,  and  taken  possession.  There 
is  claimed  to  be  a  large  amount  of  low- 
grade  ore  in  the  mine,  which  will  run  one 
kilogram  of  silver  and  ten  grams  of  gold  to 
the  ton. 

OAXACA. 

Gold  placers  have  been  located  near 
Tuxtepec  and  a  number  of  men  have 
started  development. 

SONORA. 

It  is  reported  that  Phelps,  Dodge  &  Co., 
owners  of  the  Copper  Queen  mine  at  Bis- 
bee,  Ariz  ,  and  the  Nacozari  copper  mines 
at  Nacozari,  are  making  arrangements  to 
employ  Chinese  labor  at  Naoozari  instead 
of  Mexicans.  It  is  also  understood  it  is  in- 
tended to  employ  Chinese  labor  on  the 
railroads.  The  mine  company  claims  that 
Mexican  labor  is  uncertain  and  scarce  in 
Sonora,  and  that  white  labor  cannot  be 
obtained.  It  is  estimated  that  4000  Chi- 
nese have  landed  at  Guaymas  within  the 
last  sixty  days  and  have  been  given  em- 
ployment. 

E.  S.  W.  Drought,  manager  of  the  So- 
nora Dev.  Co.  at  Nacozari,  reports  the 
company's  10-stamp  mill  completed. 

NEW   ZEALAND. 

The  Con.  Gold  Fields  of  New  Zealand, 
at  Reefton,  July  13,  report:  Progress 
Mines — Crushed  4852  tons  of  ore,  yielding 
bullion  (including  tailings  cyanided,  £739, 
and  sulphurets,  £1008),  valued  at  £9320; 
expenses,  14s  4£d  per  ton.  Golden  Fleece 
—Crushed  1230  tons  of  ore  for  bullion  (in- 
cluding tailings  cyanided,  £276,  and  sul- 
phurets, £95),  valued  at  £2307;  expenses, 
£1  6s  ljd  per  ton.    Wealth  of  Nations- 


Crushed  1014  tons  of  ore  for  bullion  (In- 
cluding tailings  cyanided.  £310,  and  sul- 
phurets, £55),  valued  at  £1420;  expenses, 
17s  6d. 

The  Komata  Reefs  G  M.  Co.  report 
gold  discovered  in  Roma  Reef  No.  4, 
level  N. 

The  Waihi  Grand  Junction  G.  Co., 
Ltd.,  at  Walhi,  report:  Diamond  drill 
hole  at  angle  of  69°.  Core  assays— At 
depth  of  509  feet,  $50;  531  feet,  $40;  540 
feet,  $25.  The  foot  wall  of  the  lode  is  not 
yet  reached.  Lode  No.  2,  in  northeast- 
erly direction  130  feet,  shows  width  of  lode 
4  feet;  assay  value,  $25. 

SIBERIA. 

A  Moscow  firm — N.  &  P.  A.  Korzenetzof 
—has  been  granted  permission  by  the 
Irkutsk  department  of  mining  to  work 
asbestos  mines  near  the  Kutai,  a  tribu- 
tary of  the  Angara  river.  The  asbestos 
layers  are  found  7  feet  from  the  surface. 
There  are  some  asbestos  mine3  in  the 
Urals,  in  European  Russia,  but  the  larger 
part  of  the  asbestos  used  for  Insulators  in 
Russia  is  imported,  writes  R.  T.  Greener, 
United  StateB  commercial  agent  at  Vladi- 
vostok. 

TASMANIA. 

The  Brlseis  Tin  Co.  report  for  period 
ending  June  30:  Ore  in  stock,  including 
black  tin  at  mine  and  metallic  tin  at  Lan- 
ceston,  19  tons;  overburden  removed,  24,- 
900  cubic  yards;  drift  sluiced,  31,000  cubio 
yards;  black  tin  cleaned  up,  39  tons  14 
cwt.;  average  total  slulceheads  of  water 
available  from  all  sources,  185. 


*  *  *  *  * + *  *  <fc  <)»  *3>  * «(,  *  *  *  *  *  *  tjj  rfc  *  <fo  ,fc  J,  d,  3! 

!        PERSONAL.        ! 


Engelhardt  Is  now  at  Eltoro, 


E.  C. 
Cal. 

H.  Ramsay,  a  miner  of  Tonopah,  Nev., 
is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

R.  J.  Walters  has  returned  to  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  from  Vulcan,  Colo. 

H.  H.  WlLLlSON  has  returned  to  Hen- 
son,  Colo.,  from  Denver,  Colo. 

D.  G.  Jewett,  formerly  of  Chloride, 
Ariz  ,  1b  now  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

S.  J.  Willis  has  returned  from  Nevada 
to  Waunita,  Gunnison  county,  Colo. 

J.  H.  Neale,  a  mine  owner  and  oper- 
ator of  Sonora,  Cal.,  is  In  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

Geo.  Johnston  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  a  business  trip  to 
Mexico. 

J.  B.  Luddy  is  manager  of  the  Sand 
Pile  mine,  near  Forest  Home,  Amador 
county,  Cal. 

E.  Bamberger  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
is  on  a  mining  business  trip  through  Idaho 
and  Oregon. 

M.  G.  Banks  is  superintendent  of  the 
New  Era  mine,  near  Searchlight,  Lincoln 
county,  Nev. 

F.  A.  McIntosh  has  removed  from 
Supai  Agency,  Ariz.,  to  Woodstock,  On- 
tario, Canada. 

H.  Carry,  C.  E.,  formerly  of  Vancouver, 

B.  C,  has  removed  to  Chalk  River,  On- 
tario, Canada. 

J.  A.  McIntyre,  of  the  South  Key- 
stone mine  at  Amador  City,  Cal.,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  C.  Voorhies,  superintendent  of  the 
Lincoln  mine,  Sutter  Creek,  Cal.,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

C.  L.  Herrick  is  superintendent  and 
manager  of  the  Socorro  G.  M.  Co.  at 
Magdalena,  N.  M. 

W.  G.  SCOTT,  superintendent  of  the 
Black  Oak  mine,  near  Soulsbyville,  Cal., 
Is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  A.  Jackson,  interested  in  oil  prop- 
erties near  Fullerton,  Orange  county,  Cal , 
Is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

R.  A.  Skinner  has  resigned  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Globe  mine,  near  Der- 
rick, Trinity  county,  Cal. 

President  Smith  of  the  Old  Dominion 

C.  M.  Co.,   is  at  their  mines  at  Globe, 
Ariz.,  from  Boston,  Mass. 

L  C.  Du  BoiS,  formerly  of  Lake  City, 
Colo.,  has  opened  an  assay  and  ore  ship- 
pers' office  at  Salida,  Colo. 

J.  C.  Gill  of  Massachusetts,  president 
of  the  Shannon  Copper  Co.,  at  Clifton, 
Ariz  ,  is  visiting  the  mines. 

J.  A.  FRASER  is  superintendent  of  the 
Ragnarok  group  of  mines,  in  Oro  Blanco 
district,  near  Arivaca,  Ariz. 

Manager  R.  B.  Hughes  returned  to 
Deadwood,  S.  D.,  last  week  from  Chicago, 


111.  1  on  business  for  the  Holy  Terror  M 
Co. 

L.  Colbath  Is  assayer  and  chemist  for 
the  Gold  Vein  M.  Co ,  at  the  Wedge 
mine,  near  Marysvale,  Utah. 

S.  C.  Bird  of  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  is  su- 
perintending operations  at  the  Angel 
mine,  west  of  Wlckenburg,  Ariz. 

A.  J.  McQuaid  has  returned  to  Pueblo, 
Colo.,  from  an  examination  of  mines  near 
Searchlight,  Lincoln  county,  Nev. 

J.  Barry  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  owner 
of  the  Sunrise  mine,  near  Chloride,  Mo- 
have county,  Ariz.,  is  at  Chloride. 

G.  H.  I.  Hiberlein  is  superintendent 
of  the  smelter  on  the  Indian  Queen  mine 
on  Birch  creek,  near  Dillon,  Mont. 

B.  C.  Riblet,  formerly  of  Nelson,  B. 
C,  now  makes  his  headquarters  at  601 
Empire  State  Bldg.,  Spokane,  Wash. 

W.  H.  Anderson  of  Aspen,  Colo.,  is 
superintendent  of  theBassickG  M.  Co  , 
near  Silver  Cliff,  Custer  county,  Colo. 

Jas.  L.  Bryson,  superintendent  of  the 
Mazeppa  mine,  near  Stent,  Tuolumne 
county,  Cal.,  is  In  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

G.  Jung  has  returned  to  Cincinnati,  O  , 
from  Gunnison  county,  Colo.,  where  he 
has  been  looking  after  mining  Interests. 

G.  Lavagnino,  formerly  manager  of 
the  Old  Telegraph  mine,  is  manager  of 
the  Butterfield  mines  at  Bingham,  Utah. 

E.  H.  Barton,  superintendent  of  the 
Yellow  Aster  mine  at  Randsburg,  Cal ,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

A.  J.  Osgood  is  superintendent  of  the 
Western  Union  Oil  Co.,  operating  near 
Santa  Maria,   Santa  Barbara  county,  Cal. 

Richard  P.  Williams,  of  Greenwood, 

B.  C,  succeeds  F.  R.  Mendenhall  In  the 
British  Columbia  representation  of  the 
Rand  Drill  Co. 

G.  H.  Clevenger  has  succeeded  J.  B. 
Empson,  resigned,  in  charge  of  the  cya- 
nide works  of  the  Dakota  G.  M.  Co.,  at 
Deadwood,  S.  D. 

A.  H.  Buck,  who  has  been  in  Maguarl- 
chlc,  Chihuahua,  Mex.,  surveying  the 
properties  of  the  La  Luz  G.  M.  Co.,  is  in 
Colorado  on  a  visit. 

F.  B.  Schermerhorn,  general  man- 
ager of  the  Three  Bears  M.  Co.  of  Jarilla, 
N.  M.,  has  returned  there  from  a  trip  to 
Parral,  Chihuahua,  Mex. 

F.  M.  SYMES,  superintendent  of  the 
Gold  Coin  mine,  Victor,  Colo.,  has  re- 
turned there  from  a  trip  through  the 
western  part  of  the  State. 

T.  L.  Henderson,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
Is  president  of  the  Great  WeBtern  G.  M. 
Co.,  operating  the  Afterthought  copper 
mine  in  Shasta  county,  Cal. 

A.  F.  Nathan,  manager  of  the  Stll- 
well  M.  Co,  returned  to  Chihuahua, 
Mex  ,  last  week  from  a  month's  trip  to 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  and  the  East. 

F.  Dalton,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
is  superintendent  of  the  Gold  Vein  M. 
Co.,  operating  the  Wedge  mine,  near 
Marysvale,  Piute  county,  Utah. 

A.  R.  Boynton,  of  Chicago,  111.,  vice- 
president  of  the  McKinnon  G.  M.  Co., 
operating  at  Silver  City,  Idaho,  is  at  the 
mines,  from  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

John  Ross,  Jr  ,  superintendent  and 
manager  of  the  Wildman  &  Mahoney  M. 
Co.  at  Sutter  Creek,  Cal.,  has  gone  to  New 
York  and  Boston  on  mining  business. 

W.  Forrester  is  mill  superintendent 
at  the  Latham  mines,  in  Spruce  Mountain 
district,  south  of  Wells,  Nev.,  and  E.  H. 
Osborne  is  superintendent  of  the  mine. 

J.  S.  Wyatt,  formerly  manager  of  the 
Mountain  Lion  mine  at  Republic,  Wash., 
has  gone  to  Bourne,  Baker  county,  Or  , 
to  take  charge  of  the  Eureka  &  Excelsior 
mine. 

G.  W.  Meyers,  representing  the 
Chrome  Steel  Works  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
on  the  Pacific  coast,  left  San  Francisco, 
Cal ,  on  the  4th  Inst,  for  New  York,  to  be 
absent  six  weeks. 

S.  Guggenheim  of  the  American  S.  & 
R.  Co.,  accompanied  by  E.  L.  Newhouse, 
is  Inspecting  the  plants  controlled  by  the 
company  in  Utah  and  Montana  after  a 
visit  to  Colorado. 

H.  Ramdohr,  late  millman  at  the  Chlo- 
ride-Bailey mine,  near  Dedrlck,  Trinity 
county,  Cal ,  is  superintendent  of  the 
Globe  mine  in  the  same  district,  vice  R. 
A.  Skinner,  resigned. 

J.  W.  Sisson  of  New  York,  N.  Y.,  pres- 
ident, and  C.  H  Barney  of  Boston,  Mass., 
vice-president,  of  the  Troy-Manhattan  C. 
Co.,  are  visiting  the  company's  mines  at 
Troy,  Pinal  county,  Ariz. 

C.  K.  McCornick  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  is  at  the  Gold  Roads  mines  and  mill 


August  8,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


fa  3 


at  Acme,  Mohave  county,  Ariz  ,  and  will 
leave  (or  Paris  next  week  to  attend  the 
annual  meeting  of  shareholders. 

J  O  Harron,  Thos  Rickard  and 
J.  M.  McCone,  of  the  Arm  of  Harron, 
Rickard  &  McCone,  mining  machinery 
manufacturers  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  go 
to-day  to  the  "  high  jinks  "  of  the  Bohe- 
mian Club,  in  Marin  county,  Cal. 

Joan  Felix  Brandes  has  gone  to 
New  Mexico  to  examine  the  Fraser  Moun- 
tain Copper  Co  '8  property.  The  Trans- 
continental M.  Co.  of  Denver,  Colo.,  have 
recently  appointed  him  their  consulting 
engineer. 

C.  F.  Hoffman  and  J.  D.  Hoffman, 
mining  engineers,  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal ,  last  week  from  a  four  months' 
trip  through  the  principal  mining  districts 
of  Alaska,  in  the  Interest  of  the  Guggen- 
heim Exploration  Co. 

J.  H.  Means,  formerly  on  the  staff  of 
the  California  State  Mineralogist,  Is  In 
London,  England,  where  he  recently  re- 
turned from  West  Africa.  Mr.  Means  ex- 
pects to  leave  London  for  a  trip  to  French 
Guiana,  South  America,  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

Frederick  Wolff,  a  civil  and  min- 
ing engineer  of  Mexico,  has  returned  to 
Torreon,  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  from  a  visit 
to  Oakland,  Cal  ,  accompanied  by  his  son, 
F.  Wulff  Jr  ,  a  mining  student  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  California,  and  they  will  engage 
In  mining  together. 

L.  R  Mead,  long-time  secretary  of  the 
Rlsdon  Iron  Works,  San  FranciBco,  and 
of  later  years  well  and  widely  known  as 
proprietor  of  the  famous  Byron  Springs, 
has  re-entered  San  Francisco  business  life 
»nd  rpsumed  connection  with  the  Rlsdon 
Iron  Works  as  auditor. 

Superintendent  E.  R  Abadie  of 
the  Champion  mine  at  Nevada  City,  Cal , 
of  the  Champion  Mines  Co.,  has  been  ap- 
pointed general  superintendent  of  their 
properties,  with  offices  In  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  This  also  places  him  In  charge  of 
'.he  Southern  Cross  mines  at  Forbestown, 
Butte  county. 


*  *************************  JS 
1  «• 

|  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  I 

**********  f'<***<|if'>f'<*f'<|if>ip<|iifHi<f>« 

The  Jeanesvllle  Iron  Works  Co., 
through  the  Denver  branch,  has  deliv- 
ered to  the  Ajax  G.  M.  Co.,  Victor,  Colo- 
rado, a  compound  condensing  pump,  to  be 
installed  on  the  1100-foot  level. 

"  Graphite  "  for  August  is  received.  It 
Is  a  model  of  what  a  "house  organ" 
should  be.  It  is  issued  monthly  "In  the 
interest  of  Dixon's  graphite  productions," 
by  the  Jos.  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  JerBey 
City,  N.  J.°,  Is  full  of  good  things,  and  any 
one  reading  It  must  come  to  the  conclu- 
sion that  a  concern  able  to  get  up  such  a 
smart  little  publication  must  surely  fur- 
nish a  good  product  In  their  regular  busi- 
ness. 

John  A.  Yeatman  &  Co.,  hydraulic 
engineers,  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  report  the 
ten  Adams  hydraulic  lifts  sent  to  Nome 
district,  Alaska,  this  season,  in  operation 
and  giving  satisfactory  results.  In  one 
instance  the  machine  is  elevating  to  21 
feet,  with  pressure  of  39  pounds  per  square 
inch  (equivalent  to  90  feet  head)— exceeding 
the  guarantee  of  5  feet  pressure  head  for 
each  foot  elevated.  Two  of  the  lifts  are 
operated  under  artificial  head  produced 
by  two-step  centrifugal  pumps. 

On  August  1  the  firm  of  John  Johnson 
&  Co.,  filter  press  manufacturers  of 
Franklin  Square,  New  York,  was  incorpo- 
rated at  Albany,  with  a  capital  stock  of 
$110,000,  fully  paid  In.  This  business  was 
established  In  1878,  and  was  at  the  start 
an  off  shoot  of  S.  H.  Johnson  &  Co.,  Ltd., 
of  London,  England.  The  officers  of  the 
incorporated  company  are  M.  Hopkins, 
president;  J.  Johnson,  vice-president  and 
treasurer,  R.  Anderson,  secretary.  The 
board  of  directors  include,  besides  the 
cfficers  mentioned,  S.  H  Johnson,  of  Lon- 
don, and  H.  J.  Llnder  and  E  J.  West,  of 
New  York.  The  plant  1b  equipped  with 
special  machinery  for  filter  press  manufac- 
ture, designed  by  Mr.  Johnson. 

The  C.  O.  Bartlett  &  Snow  Co.  of  Cleve- 
land, Ohio,  announce  that,  at  considerable 
expense,  they  erected  at  their  works  two 
of  their  dryers— one  of  their  Triumph 
steam  dryers  and  one  of  their  direct-heat 
rotary  dryers — and  that  they  will  be  glad 
to  make  careful  test  runs,  dry  any  kind  of 
material,  either  by  steam  or  direct  heat, 
for  Intended  purchasers  under  the  follow- 
ing conditions:  All  material  to  be  shipped, 
charges  prepaid.  When  possible,  send 
some  competent  man  to  take  charge  of 
the  results,  such  as  cost,  time  required, 
amount  of  moisture  taken  out,  etc.  They 
make  no  charges  for  use  of  dryer  or  power; 
they  will  charge  only  actual  cost  for  labor 
required  for  handling  the  material  to  be 
dried.     The;  say:     "Send  500  pounds  or 


a  carload  and  we  will  show  you  actual  re- 
sults. This,  we  trust,  offers  an  opportu- 
nity which  will  be  appreciated  by  many." 

S*************444.********4,8 

|    Catalogues  Received.     f 

*  * 

*******************^if4iif.^4.if  « 

The  Denver  Engineering  Works  Co.,  of 
Denver,  Colo.,  have  Issued  Bulletin  18, 
entitled  "Gears."  This  publication  is 
profusely  Illustrated  and  contains  much 
valuable  Information  on  the  subject  of 
gears  and  gear  cutting  machinery;  the 
horsepower  of  gearing,  maximum  speed, 
etc. 

W.  Alnsworth  &  Sons  of  Denver,  Colo., 
have  Issued  a  handsome  new  Catalogue 
A-3,  the  advance  sheets  of  which  have 
been  received.  It  Is  finely  Illustrated 
and  fully  descriptive  of  the  excellent  as- 
sayers'  balances  and  supplies  made  by 
them.  The  catalogue  will  be  sent  on  ap- 
plication. 

Catalogue  No.  39  from  the  F.  M.  Davis 
Iron  Works  Co,  Denver,  Colo,  Is  de- 
scriptive of  their  new  establishment  at 
1737  Champa  street,  a  metallurgical  de- 
partment, In  charge  of  Mr.  W.  B.  Mllli- 
ken,  which  is  equipped  and  in  operation 
for  the  purpose  of  assaying  and  testing 
ores  In  any  quantity  up  to  and  including 
carload  lots.  The  catalogue  gives  a  com- 
plete list  of  prices  for  assays,  chemical 
determinations,  etc. 

"  Some  Details  as  to  Smelting  Practice 
and  Equipments  "  Is  the  modest  title  of 
a  treatise  juBt  published  by  the  Colorado 
Iron  Works  Co.,  of  Denver,  Colo  ,  and 
which  is  replete  with  just  the  kind  of  in- 
formation any  one  interested  therein 
would  like  to  have.  The  Colorado  Iron 
Works  Co.  says  "this  pamphlet  Is  not 
written  as  a  price  list,  but  to  cover  cer- 
tain information  as  to  smelting  practice 
and  set  forth  our  manufactures  in  that 
line."  The  value  of  such  a  pamphlet  is 
manifest;  It  does  not  contain  theories  or 
notlonB,  being  compiled  from  actual  smelt- 
ing practice,  and  written  by  specialists  in 
their  line.  It  is  well  illustrated  and  is  a 
notable  addition  to  technical  literature  on 
the  subjects  of  which  it  treats. 


s********* ***************** 

*  * 

|        Books  Received.         | 

*  * 
************************** ^ 

"The  Art  of  Pattern  Making,  "by  J. 
McKim  Chase,  is  the  title  of  a  volume 
12mo.  vl  +  254  pages,  with  215  figures.  It 
is  a  book  of  value  to  the  pattern  maker, 
iron  moulder  and  founder.  Every  phase 
of  pattern  making  for  castings  is  described 
and  carefully  Illustrated.  It  embraces  the 
practical  experience  of  many  skilled  pat- 
tern makers.  Price,  $2.50;  John  Wiley  & 
Sons,  New  York;  Chapman  &  Hall,  Ltd., 
London. 

"Earth  Work  and  Its  Cost"  is  the 
title  of  a  neat  volume  of  244  pages,  by 
Halbert  P.  Gillette.  It  deals  with  the 
art  of  estimating  the  coat  of  handling 
earth  by  means  of  various  devices;  trans- 
porting the  loosened  earth  by  means  of 
wheelbarrows,  carts,  dump  carts,  scrap- 
ers, wagons,  steam  shovels,  etc  It  also 
goes  into  excavating  by  dredging,  hy- 
draulicking  and  by  other  means.  The 
book  is  illustrated  and  will  prove  of  use 
to  those  engaged  In  the  work  of  excavat- 
ing on  a  small  or  large  scale.  $2;  The 
Engineering  News  Publishing  Co  ,  New 
York  City. ___^ 

New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  TJ.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  inventors : 

FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING  JULY  28,  1903. 

734,498.— Bougie- F.  R.  Bachler,  Oxnard,  Cal. 

734,802.— Musical  Instrument— G.  H.  Blair,  Spo- 
kane, Wash. 

734,805.— Horse  Grooming  Machine  —  A.  &  P. 
Bolund,  San  Jose,  Cal 

734,664.— Rope  Socket  Swivel  —  H.  M.  Brlttan, 
s.  F. 

734,809.— BOTTLING  Machine— W.  E.  Brown,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

735,030.— Sucker  Rod  Joint  — E.  B.  Campbell, 
Bakersnold,  Cal. 

734,821.— Puzzle— E.  S.  Cobb.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

784,822.— Pawland  Ratchet— H.  W.  Cooley,  Lone- 
rock,  Or. 

734,828.— STAMP  Mill— W.  A.  Dalton,  Tucson,  Ariz. 

735,014.— Oil  Burner— a.  Davis,  S.  F. 

734.833.— Onder  Reamer  —  E.  Domble,  Santa 
Paula,  Cal. 

734  533— Steam  Engine— C.  L.  Fouts,  Eureka,  Cal. 

734,848  —Carburetor—  W.  a.  Gill,  Portland.  Or. 

731,552.— Ice  Vehicle — I.  N.  Henness,  Ilwaco, 
Wash.  

734,877.— Game— F.  E.  Hunt,  Buckley,  Wash. 

734,712.— Oil  Burner  — F.  W.  H.  Jahn,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal 

734,881.— Bottle— F.  Jost,  Susanville,  Or. 

734.5b0. — WIRE  Clamp  —  D.  Lockhart,  Hoquiam, 
Wash 

734,920.— Trolley  Catch— G.  W.  Maxwell,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

734,742.— Steering  Device— m.  W.  Patrick,  Niles, 

734,747  — Needle-F.  J.  Rabbeth,  Redlands,  Cal. 
734,769.— PEN  Wiper— J.  J,  Stanley,  Vallejo,  Cal. 


Latest    Harket    Reports. 

»  — 

San  Francisco,  August  7,  1903. 


METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
25Jd  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver,  55Jc,  refined  (1000  fine): 
San  Francisco,  65}c;  Mexican  dollars,  42}c 
San  Francisco,  42ijc  New  York. 

COPPER. —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.25;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.00@13.25; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.62*@13.75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $12.75;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $13.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £57  10s  spot  per 
ton. 

There  is  no  change  in  the  copper  mar- 
ket since  last  week.  In  the  New  York 
market  the  larger  consumers  feel  safe  in 
holding  off  and  several  of  them  report  a 
considerable  shrinkage  In  the  demand. 
The  leading  wire  concerns  report  a  very 
dull  market  with  orders  fully  two-thirds 
lesB  than  a  year  ago.  Wall  Street  is  re- 
sponsible for  much  of  this  dullness.  New 
concerns  cannot  be  started  and  new  con- 
struction has  to  stop.  One  new  concern 
had  put  in  specifications  calling  for  sev- 
eral miles  of  wire,  but  the  slump  in  Wall 
Street  has  scared  investors  and  the  com- 
pany will  not  be  floated  till  the  spring. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.20;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots ;  4Jc  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  5),  sheet  6,  bar  5*c;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £10  18s  9d  per  long  ton=2.75e 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $5  87};  St. 
Louis,  $4.85  ;  London,  £20  2s  6d  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6}c;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookeon's, 
9|c;  Hallett's,  8}c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  7|c ;  300  to  500  lbs.,  7Jo;  100-lb. 
lots.  10c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $27.25@27  50; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  2SJc:  500  lbs.,  29c; 
200  lbs.,  29Jc;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  %  rb,  30c 
@32Jc.    London,  £125  5s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  #  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44.50® 
46.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  $  flask  of  70J  Bis.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.50. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-B). 
lots,  15  50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  $  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $19.50 
@19.85;  gray  forge,  $17.10;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  $  ft.,  3ic  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

BesBemer $19  00@19.50 

Foundry  Northern  1 ]8.00@18.50 

Northern  2 17.50@18.00 

Northern  3 1 7.00@17.50 

Southern  1 18  35® 

Southern  2 16. 85® 

Southern  3 16  35® 

Forge 15  85® 

Charcoal 20  50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00@30.00 

Bars,  iron 1  65® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Rails,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.76®  1.80 

Sheets,  26store 2.90®  3  00 

No.  27 3  00®  3.10 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1. 75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75@ 

ChannelB 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 16.00@16  50 

Relaying  rails 30.00(331  00 

Dealers  forge 13.50@14.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  least,  net  ton 14.50@15  50 

Iron  rails 20.00@21.00 

Car  wheels 20.00@21.00 

Cast  borings 5  50®  6  50 

Tut  nings 11.00@12.00 

LUMBER.— (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):    No.  20d 


to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.50;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germanla,  S2.50  @  2.75; 
Hewmoor,  $2.90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2.50@2.75  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  174,c.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13}c;  lesB  than  one  ton, 
15}c.  No.  1»*  50%,  carload  lots,  114c;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9  jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
UJc.  No.  2*«  30%  carload  lotB,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  Iobs  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.60;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  In  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  fls,  16  oz.,  40s., 
10ic  fl  set;  14 oz.,  40s.,  9}c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-89%,  jobbing,  24@25c  fife.:  carloads, 
23@24}c;  in  tins,  35c;  Boda  aBh,  $2.00  Wi  100 
lbs. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  24f32}o  $ 
lb.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3Jc$|  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.50  $  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash.  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c$  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2® 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2(33c:  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2Jc; 
Bulphide  of  iron,  9c  $  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
5@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2.50@2.75; 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  2Jo 
lift  ft. ;  nitric   acid,  in  carboys,  8c  tjft  lb. 

OILS.— Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs., 
49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  49c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20Jc; 
Astral,  20Je;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24Jc; 
Eocene,  23Jc;  Elaine,  26Jc;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  261c;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27Jc;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  in  cs.,  22J  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  60@55c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots.  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .50 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $12 ;  Cannel, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  813  in  sacks ;  Sunnyslde,  $8  50, 
long  ton. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  per  ft.,  6Jc;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  Jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  In  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9o  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,  7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25®30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  26c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,   per  ft.,  $1.60. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  $  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  ift  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  Sis.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $  ft.,  $3.50. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unleBS  otherwise  noted.) 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  8,  1903. 


F 1 

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EXPERT  DIAMOND  DRILL  FOREMAN  AND 
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EXPERIENCED  ASSAYER,  MILLMAN  AND 
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WINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
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THE     BEST    LUBRICATOR    IS     THE 
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The  Steam  Chest  and  Cylinder  are  the  vital  parts  of  a  steam  engine 
and  their  surfaces  must  be  kept  perfectly  lubricated  in  order  to  get  the 
best  returns  from  the  steam  used.  If  the  surfaces  are  not  properly  lubri- 
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otherwise  be  converted  into  useful  work. 

In  addition  to  this,  there  Is  the  liability  that  the  Valves  and  Cylinders 
may  become  cut  or  Injured.  The  loss  In  fuel  alone,  due  to  Imperfect  lubri- 
cation, would  very  soon  amount  to  more  than  the  price  of  a  first-class 
Lubricator,  aid  the  cost  of  repairing  the  cut  Valves  Is  also  a  serious 
item  These  losses  can  be  avoided  by  equtpDing  your  engine  with  a 
DETROIT  LUBRICATOR.  They  are  the  result  of  more  than  twenty-five 
years'  experience  with  all  kinds  of  engines.  More  than  700,000  of  these 
DETROIT  LUBRICATORS  have  been  sold  In  all  parts  of  the  world  and 
fully  nine-tenths  of  the  prominent  American  builders  of  steam  engines 
use  them  exclusively. 

Catalogues  showing  our  full  line  of  Sight  Feed  Lubricators,  Oil 
Pumps,  Glass  Oilers,  Oiling  Devices,  etc.,  will  be  sent  on  application. 

DETROIT  LUBRICATOR  CO.,  Detroit.  Mich. 


H^fti-ClS     5CHDDL   OF   MINES 

Full  courses  in  Mining.  Electrical,  and  all  kinds  of  Engineering. 
Assaying,  Cyanide  and  Mill  Processes.        Catalogue    Free. 


Whole  No.  2247.— VOLCN"^i;^xv"-       SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  15,  1903. 


THREE  DOLI.AKS  FEE  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies.  Ten  Cents. 


/lining  in  Alaska. 

When  one  bears  Alaska  spoken  of  as  a  mining  re- 
gion, the  natural  impression  is  that  of  an  ice-bound 
region  under  perpetual  snow,  where  the  miner  suffers 
many  hardships,  but  eventually  finds  deposits  of  gold 
which  quickly  reward  him  for  all  his  perils  and  hard- 
ships ;  but  there  is  little  more  of  romance  in 
mining  in  Alaska  than  is  found  in  other  regions, 
and  the  percentage  of  successful  adventurers  is  not 
greater  than  in  new  countries  and  districts  else- 
where. There  is  one  advantage,  however,  and  that 
is  of  somewhat  doubtful  character  ;  the  country  has 
not  as  yet  been  thoroughly  prospected,  and  as  the 
territory  is  of  vast  extent,  it  is  not  unlikely  that  new 
discoveries  will  still  continue  to  be  announced  for 
many  years.  Since  1898  the  United  States  Geologi- 
cal Survey  has  been  systematically  investigating  the 
mineral  resources  and  geology  of  Alaska,  and  much 
valuable  information  has  been  given  to  the  world  on 
conditions  in  Alaska  as  they  really  exist.  Thus  far, 
mining  is  largely  in  gravels  of  the  streams  and  sands 
of  the  seashore,  quartz  mining  having  made  but 
small  progress.  This  is  due  partly  to  the  natural 
disadvantages  of  the  country,  and  to  the  expense  of 
transportation,  but  more  largely  to  the  fact  that  few 
quartz  veins,  outside  of  Douglas  Island  and  some 
other  of  the  islands  of  the  coast,  have  as  yet  been 
discovered  which  warrant  the  expense  of  equipment. 
No  one  believes  that  the  discovery  of  a  rich  vein  of 


Building  Log  Dam  for  the  Oalicc  Hydraulic  Mine,  Grants  Pass,  Oregon.    (See  Page  100.) 


a  mine  attracting  attention  by  its  richness.  How- 
ever, the  gold  in  the  placers  came  originally  from 
rock  in  place,  and  valuable  discoveries  of  quartz  veins 
may  yet  be  made. 

The  glaciers  of  Alaska  are  a  prominent  factor  in 
carving  the  topography  of  the  country,  and  the  vast 


of  the  placers  was  derived  from  the  erosion  of  a 
formation  in  which  were  innumerable  rivulets  and 
seams  containing  gold,  there  being  no  veins  of  work- 
able size.  This  condition  is  not  anomalous.  In  Cali- 
fornia the  rich  gravel  deposits  of  the  Forest  Hill 
divide  appear  to  have  derived  their  gold  from  a  simi- 


M       -  ■ 


OHM 


The  Seri  Indians  on  Tiburon  Island,  Gulf  of  California.    (See  Page  101.) 


gold  ore  in  Alaska  would  not  be  followed  by  the 
prompt  equipment  of  the  mine  with  the  latest  and 
best  machinery.  Many  phenomenal  finds  have  been 
reported  from  time  to  time  in  the  various  districts, 
but  as  yet  none  of  these  "finds  "  have  developed  into 


fields  of  gravel  found  there  are  largely  of  glacial 
origin.  Then,  too,  moss  covers  almost  the  entire  re- 
gion, and  these  two  things  render  prospecting  for 
veins  difficult.  In  some  of  the  best  placer  districts 
the  evidence  thus  far  obtained  indicates  that  the  gold 


lar  sourse,  as  there  is  not  sufficient  vein-quartz 
bearing  gold  tributary  to  the  placers  of  the  ancient 
rivers  to  have  produced  the  large  amount  of  gold 
found  in  the  gravels  although  quartz  veins  of  large 
size  are  not  lacking. 


Home  of  a  Yukon  Bonanza  King. 


Testing  Gravel  on  Forty-Mile  River,  Alaska. 


95 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


August  15, 1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

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San  Francisco,  August  J5,  1903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 


Page. 


illustrations: 

Building  Log  Dam  for  the  Galice  Hydraulic  Mine,  Grants  Pass, 

Oregon 94 

The  Seri  Indians  on  Tlburon  Island,  Gulf  of  California 94 

Home  of  a  Yukon  Bonanza  King 94 

Testing  Gravel  on  Forty-Mile  River,  Alaska 94 

Sub-station  of  Goldpan  Mining  Co.,  Breokenridge,  Colo 100 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 102 

editorial: 

Mining  in  Alaska — 94 

Retaliatory  Measures 96 

The  American  Mining  Congress 95 

Advantage  of  the  Leasing  System 95 

Opportunities  of  the  St.  Louis  Exposition 95 

MINING  SUMMARY 103-104-105-106-107 

latest  market  reports 108 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 96 

Secondary  Enrichment  of  Mineral  Veins  in  Regions  ol  Small 

Erosion 97 

Considerations  Favorable  to  Hot  Blast  Smelting 97 

Desulphurizing  Slimes  by  Heap  Roasting 98 

Drying  of  Peat " 

Chlorine  Smelting,  With  Electrolysis 99 

Electricity  in  Placer  Mining 100 

Placer  Mining  in  Southern  Oregon 100 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 101 

Tiburon  Island  and  the  Seri ' 101 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 102 

Personal 107 

Commercial  Paragraphs 108 

Catalogues  Received 108 

Obituary 108 

New  Patents 108 

Notices  of  Reoent  Patents 108 


The  American  Mining  Congress. 

The  American  Mining  Congress  meets  at  Dead- 
wood,  South  Dakota,  Sept.  7  to  12.  In  this  move- 
ment the  Black  Hills  Mining  Men's  Association  is 
taking  an  active  part,  and  a  great  deal  is  expected 
from  this  meeting  of  the  Congress,  the  primary  ob- 
ject of  which  was  to  influence,  as  far  as  possible,  the 
creation  of  a  national  Department  of  Mines  and  the 
appointment  of  a  cabinet  officer  to  represent  the 
department.  The  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  has 
repeatedly  pointed  out  the  desirability  of  having  a 
Department  of  Mines  created,  but  thus  far  no  posi- 
tive steps  have  been  taken  by  Congress  in  this  direc- 
tion. It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  American  Mining 
Congress  may  eventually  wield  sufficient  influence  at 
Washington  to  bring  about  the  desired  end.  In  the 
meantime,  however,  the  Mining  Congress  will  take 
up  and  discuss  various  mining  and  metallurgical 
topics,  and  the  meeting  will  afford  an  excellent  oppor- 
tunity for  leading  mining  men  from  widely  separated 
regions  to  form  personal  acquaintances,  with  an 
interchange  of  ideas  which  will  prove,  individually 
and  collectively,  valuable  to  those  attending  the  Con- 
gress, and  to  the  mining  world  at  large. 


Opportunities   of   the   St. 
Exposition. 


Louis 


Retaliatory  Measures. 

The  miners  who  were  recently  driven  out  of  Idaho 
Springs,  Colo.,  by  a  deputation  of  citizens,  have  ap- 
pealed to  the  District  Court  of  the  county  at  George- 
town, and  Judge  Owens  issued  warrants  for  the 
arrest  of  forty-seven  of  them.  After  a  hearing  they 
were  put  under  bonds  to  keep  the  peace.  Altogether 
eighty  warrants  were  issued.  Among  those  placed 
under  arrest  were  the  acting  Mayor  and  members  of 
the  City  Council  of  Idaho  Springs  and  other  municipal 
officers,  leading  merchants,  citizens,  bankers  and 
mine  operators.  Learning  of  the  issue  of  the  injunc- 
tion of  the  court  fourteen  of  the  eighteen  miners 
driven  out  returned  at  once  to  Idaho  Springs,  where 
four  of  them  were  promptly  arrested  and  placed  in 
jail  charged  with  complicity  in  blowing  up  the  Sun 
and  Moon  transformer  house,  and  warrants  are  out 
for  several  others.  The  exiled  miners  have  taken 
another  step  in  the  matter  by  filing  suits  against 
twelve  members  of  the  Citizens'  League,  each  asking 
for  $10,000  damage.  The  next  move  in  this  game  is 
loked  forward  to  with  interest  by  both  sides. 


Seldom,  if  ever,  has  the  mining  industry  of  the 
United  States  had  a  better  opportunity  to  display 
the  advancement  made  in  mining  practice  and  metal- 
lurgical science  than  that  which  will  be  afforded  by 
the  St.  Louis  Exposition  in  1904.  Several  mining 
States  have  already  announced  their  intention  of 
making  an  elaborate  display  of  their  mineral  wealth 
on  this  occasion,  but  there  appears  to  be,  with  a  few 
possible  exceptions,  no  definite  plan  of  what,  or  how, 
to  exhibit,  beyond  the  usual  display  of  "specimen 
rock"  in  glass  cases,  which  has  been  a  customary 
feature  of  every  exposition  for  years  past. 

The  mining  industry  is  the  foundation  of  the  great 
development  and  unparalleled  prosperity  of  the 
United  States.  This  great  industry  is  entitled  to 
something  more  in  the  way  of  an  exhibition  than  a 
mere  display  of  specimens  in  a  case. 

Specimens  of  the  rich  ores  of  gold,  silver,  copper, 
lead  and  zinc,  etc.,  are  attractive,  and  it  has  been 
found  that  "rich  specimens"  appeal  more  directly 
to  the  pocketbooks  of  investors  than  any  amount  of 
learned  dissertation  on  ores,  mines  or  mining.  What 
the  investing  public  seeks  is  satisfactory  financial 
returns  on  investments,  whether  in  mining  or  other 
industrial  pursuits,  and  rich  specimens  promise  these 
results  to  the  mind  of  the  average  mining  investor 
more  surely  than  any  amount  of  talk  or  literature. 
But  there  is  another  phase  of  the  exhibition  of  the 
mineral  resources  of  a  State,  and  this  is  the  exhibi- 
tion, not  only  of  the  ores,  but  of  the  machinery 
employed  in  its  treatment — not  merely  an  exhibi- 
tion as  machinery,  but  actually  in  operation,  crush- 
ing, concentrating,  roasting  and  otherwise  treating 
ores. 

At  several  expositions  of  recent  years  mines  have 
been  exhibited  in  miniature,  and  these  have  proven  a 
great  attraction  and  given  the  general  public  a  more 
comprehensive  idea  of  "what  a  mine  is  like,"  per- 
haps, than  anything  else.  One  of  these  was  a  com- 
plete mine  in  miniature  in  the  Colorado  exhibit  at  the 
Midwinter  Fair,  held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1894. 
Many  thousands  of  people  visited  this  miniature  mine, 
and  mining  men,  as  well  as  those  unfamiliar  with 
mines,  pronounced  it  nearly  perfect.  The  shafts  with 
the  swiftly  moving  cages  ;  the  long  levels  with  tram- 
mers and  cars ;  the  stopes,  winzes,  and  sumps,  all 
were  shown  in  detail,  and  the  whole  formed  a  most 
interesting  object  lesson,  and  one  which  made  a  last- 
ing impression  on  the  minds  of  all  who  saw  it.  Since 
a  mine  in  miniature  proved  so  popular,  one  naturally 
inquires  why  this  exhibit  attracted  so  much  atten- 
tion. It  was  due  entirely  to  the  mechanics  of  the 
ingenious  model.  The  machinery  was  in  motion.  The 
cars  moved  to  and  fro  on  the  tracks  along  the  levels, 
the  cages  were  operated  in  the  shafts,  and  the  whole 
thing  presented  an  animated  underground  scene.  If 
a  mine  in  miniature,  with  its  toy  machinery,  proves 
an  object  of  such  interest,  how  much  more  interest- 
ing and  profitable  would  a  full-sized  plant  be.  At  a 
mining  fair  held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1898  a 
hydraulic  mine,  and  an  underground  drift  mine  in 
full  size  and  operation,  attracted  much  deserved 
attention  and  favorable  comment. 

Several  States  are  already  considering  this  idea, 
and  it  is  stated  that  the  Joplin,  Mo.,  district  will  have 
a  concentrating  mill  operating  on  zinc  ores  shipped 
in  from  that  district,  while  a  second  mill  will  treat 
ores  from  the  lead  region  of  Missouri.  The  Black 
Hills  of  South  Dakota  will  have  a  gold  mill  operating 
on  the  free-milling  and  concentrating  ores  from  that 
section.  In  comparison  with  modern  metallurgical 
methods,  the  Mexican  exhibit  will  contain  an  arras- 
tra,  slowly  grinding  out  the  golden  grains,  represent- 
ing side  by  side  "the  old  times  and  the  new"  in 
mining.  Lead  and  zinc  furnaces  will  be  in  operation, 
actually  turning  out  these  metals  from  the  ores  from 
Missouri  concentrated  in  the  mills.  It  is  also  said 
that  in  the  Mexican  section  the  primitive  method  of 
smelting  copper,  as  practiced  for  three  centuries  in 
that  country,  will  form  a  feature  of  the  exhibit. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  drilling  machinery  will  be 
at  work,  actually  boring  deep  holes,  and  it  has  been 
suggested  that  a  coal  mine  may  be  opened  under  the 
exposition  grounds,  if  it  be  as  reported  that  coal 
seams  underlie  the  site  of  the  exposition. 

All  of  this  shows  that  unusual  interest  is  centering 


about  the  mining  exhibit,  and  the  mining  State  that 
fails  to  take  advantage  of  this  opportunity  to  con- 
tribute some  practical  display  to  the  general  exhibit 
will  not  be  in  the  race  at  all.  A  fine  exhibition  of 
ores  and  minerals  is  perfectly  proper;  but  these  are 
inert,  and  the  public  has  seen  them  time  and  again  at 
former  exhibitions.  It  is  now  ready  for  something 
more  than  a  specimen  exhibit,  and  this  is  the  oppor- 
tunity for  the  several  mining  States  to  take  ad- 
vantage of  the  unusual  and  widespread  interest  dis- 
played by  the  general  public  in  mining.  Rock 
breakers,  stamps,  crushing  rolls  and  grinding  devices 
all  have  a  place  in  a  competitive  exhibit  of  this  kind, 
as  well  as  concentrators  of  the  numerous  types,  jigs, 
buddies  and  hydraulic  classifiers,  and  furnaces  of 
various  kind  can  also  exhibit  at  this  time  to  better 
advantage  than  ever  before. 

This  is  an  opportunity,  and  every  mining  State 
should  send  the  best  it  has  to  St.  Louis,  that  the 
world  may  see  what  the  United  States  is  doing  for 
the  advancement  of  mining  and  metallurgy  in  this 
age  of  improvement  and  innovation  in  all  branches  of 
industry. 

Advantages  of  Leasing  System. 

That  the  leasing  system  in  mining  camps,  both  old 
and  new,  is  productive  of  good  results,  is  evidenced 
by  many  districts  where  this  system  of  working  mines 
is  in  vogue.  Leadville,  Cripple  Creek,  and  many 
other  mining  districts  of  Colorado,  and  also  in  Ne- 
vada, Idaho  and  elsewhere,  are  good  examples  of  the 
results  of  the  leasing  system.  By  its  means  large 
territory  can  be  thoroughly  and  promptly  proven. 
In  many  places  individuals  or  companies  own  large 
tracts  of  mineral  land  which  they  are  unable  to  oper- 
ate except  at  one  or  two  points,  owing  to  the  great 
extent  of  their  holdings.  By  dividing  this  land  into 
blocks,  and  leasing  the  several  blocks,  the  entire 
tract  quickly  becomes  active,  and  the  various  veins 
and  deposits  are  vigorously  prospected  and  worked 
by  men  who  usually  thoroughly  understand  the  busi- 
ness of  mining,  and  who  operate  at  a  minimum  of 
cost.  The  result  is  often  satisfactory  to  all  con- 
cerned and  often  to  the  commonwealth.  The  leasing 
system  is  particularly  applicable  to  regions  or  dis- 
tricts producing  high-grade  ores.  Low-grade  camps 
must  be  developed  by  large  capital,  for  there  is  not 
the  incentive  to  the  small  investor  and  leaser  found 
in  those  districts  producing  low-grade  ores.  There 
are  many  other  districts  where  the  leasing  system 
would  be  beneficial  and  would  quickly  open  the  mines 
now  lying  idle,  because  the  owners  are  unable  or 
unwilling  to  undertake  the  development  of  their  large 
holdings.  Where  the  leasing  system  is  in  vogue  the 
custom  mill  or  smelter  is  almost  a  necessity,  as  leas- 
ers are  usually  practical  miners  and  prefer  to  leave 
the  treatment  of  the  ores  to  those  who  make  a  busi- 
ness of  it. 

The  system  of  leasing  has  a  further  advantage  not 
to  be  overlooked.  Not  only  are  the  leasers  usually 
experienced  practical  miners,  but  they  are  not  ham- 
pered in  their  operations  by  expensive  office  ex- 
penses. It  is  the  general  expense  at  a  mine  that 
often  makes  the  difference  between  profit  and  loss. 
Elegant  "city  offices  "  maintained  at  great  expense, 
with  a  " managing "  or  "resident  director,"  under 
large  salary,  add  very  materially  to  the  expense  of 
operating.  A  central  general  office  may  be  a  neces- 
sity, but  the  elaborate  and  expensive  equipment  of 
some  of  these,  and  the  manner  of  conducting  this 
branch  of  the  mine's  business,  are  things  seldom  if 
ever  seen  in  connection  with  a  leasing  proposition. 
The  resident  director  or  manager  is  sometimes  a 
superfluous  individual.  If  the  superintendent  or 
manager  is  capable,  the  resident  director-manager 
does  not  make  him  more  so,  and  may  be  an  obstruc- 
tion to  the  proper  and  most  economical  administra- 
tion of  the  business  of  the  mine,  entirely  aside  from 
his  salary  and  expenses. 

The  leaser  works  practically,  economically  and 
intelligently.  What  the  mine  requires  in  the  way  of 
equipment  he  provides  if  he  can,  but  manages  in 
some  way  to  supply  all  that  is  actually  necessary. 
He  generally  builds  substantially,  if  not  elaborately, 
and  every  dollar  is  made  to  go  as  far  as  experi- 
ence and  good  management  can  make  it  go.  It  is 
not  unusual  for  leasers  to  work  a  mine  successfully 
and  profitably  which  failed  to  pay  under  corporate 
management. 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


96 


[ 


CONCENTRATES. 


The  line  of  variation  of  the  magnetic  compass  moves 
westward  at  the  rate  of  four  or  live  minutes  annually. 
* 
When  tempering  a  heated  drill  It  should  not  be  held 
at  a  state  of  rest  In  the  water,  but  moved  up  and  down 
to  secure  uniform  temper  on  both  the  upper  and  lower 
sides  of  the  drill. 

* 

If  mining  prospectuses  were  to  state  all  the  truth 
about  even  good  mines  there  would  be  far  less  mining 
done  than  there  Is  at  present.  No  mine  Is  perfect,  but 
the  promoter  would  not  mention  this  fact,  much  less 
accentuate  It. 

Clays  which  contain  a  high  percentage  of  Iron  oxide, 
lime,  magnesia,  and  various  alkalies,  fuse  much  more 
readily  than  pure  clays.  It  Is  also  contended  that  the 
clay  containing  coarser  grains  will  stand  a  higher  tem- 
perature than  those  composed  of  finer  grains. 

HOLES  can  be  drilled  In  soft  rock,  frozen  clay,  etc., 
much  more  rapidly  by  means  of  a  churn  drill  than  by 
striking  with  a  hammer  or  by  any  machine  drill.  There 
is  a  tendency  of  material  of  the  kind  mentioned  to  cause 
a  drill  to  "  stick  "  when  not  used  as  a  churn  drill. 
* 

There  is  no  authentic  record  of  a  circular  mortar 
with  a  single  stamp  having  been  used  at  Sutter  Creek, 
Cal.,  in  1875,  or  about  that  time.  Prospectors  at  various 
times  have  rigged  up  ingenious  crushing  devices  for  mill- 
ing rich  gold  quartz,  but  as  far  as  known  none  of  these 
makeshift  affairs  were  entitled  to  be  called  a  mortar. 
* 

PURE  metallic  zinc  will  last  indefinitely  in  the  at- 
mosphere. Soon  after  exposure  it  becomes  coated  with 
a  film  of  zinc  oxide,  which  protects  it  from  further  oxi- 
dation. Its  use  has  been  suggested  in  the  construction 
of  monuments  and  other  structures,  for  which  purpose 
It  would  be  more  enduring  than  marble. 
* 

With  a  pressure  of  100  pounds  at  the  nozzle,  If  inch 
diameter,  a  stream  can  be  thrown  vertically  103  feet,  and 
horizontally  96  feet.  The  nozzle  will  discharge  574  gal- 
lons of  water  per  minute.  With  a  higher  pressure, 
equivalent  to  a  higher  head,  the  amount  discharged  and 
the  distance  to  which  the  water  may  be  thrown,  will  be 
Increased. 

* 

That  a  series  of  samples  taken  In  a  mine  and  assayed 
Is  not  always  an  index  of  the  value  of  the  ore  body  sam- 
pled may  be  accounted  for  In  many  ways.  Usually  it  is 
due  to  the  inexperience  or  lax  methods  of  the  one  taking 
the  samples,  or  to  his  deductions  from  what  he  considers 
facts,  which  upon  investigation  may  prove  not  to  be 
facts  at  all.  The  report  of  similar  experience  is  not 
uncommon. 

* 

Concrete  steel  is  concrete  reinforced  with  bars  of 
steel.  It  is  much  used  in  construction  work.  It  Is  sup- 
posed to  render  the  concrete  more  firm  and  durable.  It 
is  also  known  as  "ferro-concrete. "  Concrete  built  as  a 
facing  to  masonry  often  develops  a  crack  between  the 
two  as  a  result  of  unequal  settling.  This  Is  the  more 
pronounced  if  the  concrete  has  not  been  thoroughly 
rammed  when  put  In  place. 
* 

Battery  plates  detached  from  the  mortar  have 
usually  given  satisfaction.  The  table  may  either  be 
built  away  from  the  Up  of  the  mortar  30  inches  or  there- 
abouts and  connected  with  the  mortar  discharge  by  iron 
pipes,  or  the  table  may  be  built  on  rollers,  so  that  It  may 
be  moved  up  to  the  mortar  when  crushing,  or  moved  out 
from  It  when  cleaning  up.  The  greater  number  of  mills, 
however,  have  fixed  plates. 
* 

For  the  purpose  of  experiment,  the  managers  of  the 
De  Beers  Consolidated  Mines  of  South  Africa  filled  a 
vessel  with  diamonds  of  various  sizes  and  values,  repre- 
senting the  "run  of  mine,"  and  reached  the  conclusion 
that  a  cubic  meter  of  diamonds  would  contain  1,167,000 
carats,  worth,  approximately,  875,000,000.  A  yield  of 
twelve  carats  per  100  loads  (1600  pounds)  is  considered 
the  average  yield  of  the  diamond  mines. 
* 

A  HOLE  worn  through  the  side  of  a  mortar  can  be 
repaired  by  providing  an  iron  plate  and  securing  It  to 
the  mortar  by  means  of  bolts,  placing  the  plate  over  the 
hole.  The  joint  should  be  made  tight  by  the  use  of  a 
rubber  gasket.  The  mortar  should  then  be  provided 
with  liners  to  prevent  further  wear.  Never  should 
stamps  be  allowed  to  drop  in  a  mortar  not  provided  with 
dies,  not  only  because  of  injury  to  the  mortar,  but  be- 
cause good  mill  work  cannot  be  done  in  so  deep  a  "mortar. 
* 

Red  oxide  OP  copper  for  various  uses  in  the  labora- 
tory and  in  the  arts  may  be  made  by  precipitation  from 
a  solution  of  copper  sulphate  of  the  metallic  copper  by 
means  of  metallic  zinc.  The  copper  falls  in  minute  flakes. 
During  the  process  the  solution  should  be  stirred  occa- 
sionally. The  copper  is  recovered  by  filtration  and  the 
filtrate  dried  for  two  or  more  weekB,  during  which  time 
it  turns  very  dark— almost  black.  This  drying  and  oxi- 
dizing process  should  be  Btopped  at  about  the  end  of 
three  weeks,  and  the  oxidized  copper  placed  in  an   air- 


tight cast  Iron  vessel,  In  which  it  is  subjected  to  a  red 
heat  for  several  hours  In  a  reverberatory  furnace.  This 
process  converts  It  into  a  brilliant  red  oxide.  The  oxide 
remains  in  this  condition  under  ordinary  circumstances 
for  an  Indefinite  time. 

* 

The  cost  of  mining  In  Mexico  varies  as  In  every  other 
locality  with  the  conditions  surrounding  the  mine.  In  a 
general  way,  when  all  conditions  excepting  wages  are 
about  equal,  It  may  be  said  mining  can  be  carried  on  in 
Mexico  at  a  cost  somewhat  lower  than  In  the  United 
States,  owing  to  the  generally  lower  wages,  though 
Mexican  labor  Is  not  so  efficient  as  In  the  United  States. 
Mexico,  moreover,  Is  free  from  the  strike  nulsanoe  that  Is 
becoming  such  a  marked  factor  in  the  expense  of  mining 
In  the  United  States. 

* 

Quicksilver  kept  in  a  bottle  or  other  vessel 
does  not  evaporate  under  ordinary  temperatures,  and  it 
Is  not  necessary  to  cover  the  mercury  with  water  or 
other  liquid,  but  a  dilute  acid  solution  is  recommended 
for  quicksilver  containing  any  impurities,  such  as  lead  or 
copper,  which  are  most  likely  to  be  found  in  It,  being 
derived  from  small  pieces  of  babbitt  metal,  fragments  of 
copper  plates,  and  the  detonating  caps  used  In  blasting. 
When  mercury  is  clean,  a  dilute  solution  of  cyanide  of 
potassium  will  tend  to  keep  it  bright. 
* 

Leather  belts  are  not  "always"  used  In  driving 
dynamos  or  other  electrical  machinery,  In  preference  to 
rubber  belts.  Either  leather  or  rubber  belts,  or  ropes, 
may  be  used  In  driving,  the  choice  being  largely  a  mat- 
ter of  convenience.  It  Is  preferred  to  have  a  consider- 
able distance  between  the  driving  and  driven  pulleys,  as 
the  necessary  friction  Is  obtained  not  so  much  by  tension 
as  by  the  weight  of  the  belt  or  rope  itself.  It  is  prefer- 
able to  run  with  the  top  side  slack,  and  to  make  the  bot- 
tom side  the  driving  side,  as  this  gives  a  large  arc  of 
contact. 

* 

The  altitude  of  the  City  of  Mexico  is  7606  feet  and  the 
average  annual  rainfall  Is  stated  to  be  about  23.2  inches. 
That  at  Chihuahua  is  somewhat  greater,  being  25  8 
inches.  The  latter  city  is  at  an  altitude  of  4713  feet. 
The  amount  of  rainfall  at  any  place  cannot  be  even 
approximately  estimated  by  the  altitude,  as  they  bear 
little  relation  to  each  other.  For  instance,  the  rainfall 
at  the  city  of  Cueruavaca,  at  an  altitude  of  5186  feet,  is 
111.9  inches,  and  at  Oaxaca,  at  an  altitude  of  5153  feet,  is 
but  28.6  inches,  and  at  Matamoras  is  37.2  inches  at  an 
altitude  of  143  feet. 

The  right  to  follow  the  ore  or  vein  is  limited  by  the  end 
line,  but  under  ordinary  conditions  the  vein  may  be  fol- 
lowed downward,  on  its  dip,  to  indefinite  depth.  This  is 
the  universal  right  in  all  of  the  mining  regions  of  the 
United  States,  where  the  mineral  lands  were  originally 
on  the  public  domain,  except  at  Leadville,  Colo.,  where, 
owing  to  the  form  of  the  mineral  deposits,  the  extralat- 
eral  right  Is  not  recognized,  as  no  jury  has  yet  been  Im- 
panelled in  that  district  which  would  admit  that  the 
ore  deposits  were  lodes,  and  the  right  to  follow  them  on 
their  dip  was  consequently  denied. 
* 

Gold  occurs  in  "soapstone"  (steatite)  in  a  number  of 
places  in  California.  The  most  noted  locality  is  on  and 
near  the  Tonzl  ranch,  6  mileB  west  of  Sutter  Creek, 
Amador  county,  where,  along  the  eastern  side  of  a  wide 
serpentine  belt,  the  massive  serpentine  has  been  sheared 
to  a  schistose  condition  and  Is  slightly  gold-bearing.  The 
serpentine,  though  not  really  talc  (soapstone),  is  so 
closely  allied  to  that  mineral  that  the  two  are  essentially 
the  same.  Several  attemptB  have  been  made  to  treat 
these  gold-bearing  soapstones,  but  without  financial  suc- 
cess. The  gold  Is  extremely  fine,  occurring  in  sheets 
like  gold  leaf,  and  rarely  in  grains.  Investigation  of 
these  deposits  does  not  indicate  that  they  are  commer- 
cially valuable. 

* 

In  shaft  sinking  a  bucket  is  generally  preferred  to 
a  skip  for  the  reason  that  a  bucket  can  be  easily  moved 
about  on  the  bottom  of  the  shaft  to  accommodate  shov- 
elers.  A  low  skip  is  usually  convenient  in  a  three-com- 
partment shaft  where  the  sinking  is  done  in  the  middle 
compartment,  even  though  the  Bkip  must  remain  on  the 
track,  and  cannot  be  shifted  about  like  a  bucket.  It  is  a 
mistake  to  reduce  the  size  of  the  manway  and  pipe  com- 
partment to  small  dimensions  for  reasons  of  economy. 
This  compartment  should  be  the  largest  in  the  shaft,  in 
order  to  afford  room  for  workmen  who  are  obliged  to 
handle  pipes,  pump*,  etc.,  and  where  thiB  compartment 
is  also  used  for  hoisting  it  ahould  be  somewhat  larger 
than  the  other  compartments. 
* 

The  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  (case  of  Tar- 
tar vs.  Spring  Valley  M.  Co.)  decided— and  it  has  since 
generally  been  held  throughout  the  Pacific  coast  States 
and  Territories  that  "the  right  to  water  by  prior  appro- 
priation for  any  useful  purpose  was  entitled  to  protec- 
tion. Water  is  diverted  to  propel  machinery  in  flour 
mills  and  saw  mills,  and  to  irrigate  land  for  cultivation, 
as  well  as  to  enable  miners  to  work  their  claims;  and  in 
all  Buch  cases  the  right  of  the  first  appropriator,  exer- 
cised within  reasonable  limits,  is  reBpected  and  en- 
forced." The  party  who  first  appropriates  the  water  of 
a  stream  for  mining  purposes  obtains  the  right,  both  as 
to  parties  who  attempt  to  take  it  by  tapping  the  stream 
above,  or  who  need  it  in  the  stream  below.  A  home- 
stead or  other  entry  is  subject  to  rights  of  a  prior 
locator  of  water.    The  location  of  the  water  should  be 


made,  the  ditch  line  staked  and  work  commenced  and 
prosecuted  with  reasonable  diligence.  If  the  notice  and 
record  are  not  followed  up  within  reasonable  time  by 
actual  work  in  carrying  out  the  Intended  appropriation 
they  amount  to  absolutely  nothing.  What  a  reasonable 
time  Is  may  have  to  be  determined  by  the  courts,  but  it 
is  generally  presumed  to  mean  a  sufficient  time  to  enable 
the  locator  to  get  his  tools  and  men  on  the  ground  and 
begin  actual  work. 

* 

The  habit  of  feeding  quicksilver  In  given  amount  at 
stated  intervals  regardless  of  the  value  of  the  ore  is  a 
pernicious  one  and  should  never  be  adopted  by  young 
mill  men  who  desire  to  make  a  success  of  milling.  An 
ore  may  average  about  the  same  value  from  month  to 
month,  but  there  Ib  always  a  dally  and  often  an  hourly 
difference  In  value  of  almost  any  ore.  The  condition  of 
the  outside  plates  should  determine  the  time  and  amount 
of  quicksilver  to  be  fed.  Rarely  an  ore  is  found  wherein 
the  values  are  regular,  and  with  these  the  mill  man  is 
safe,  but  ordinary  practice  requires  that  the  battery 
man  must  keep  awake  and  watch  his  plates  constantly. 
The  mill  where  the  battery  man  can  find  nothing  to  do 
is  either  crushing  very  poor  rock  or  the  mill  foreman 
should  be  engaged  in  some  other  kind  of  employment. 
* 

Laccolite  is  a  name  derived  from  the  Greek  mean- 
ing cistern.  It  was  first  applied  by  G.  K.  Gilbert  to 
those  peculiar  Intrusions  of  igneous  rock  Injected  into 
sedimentary  strata,  but  which  did  not  reach  the  surface 
until  exposed  by  erosion.  The  first  occurrence  of  this 
character  to  be  described  was  in  the  Henry  mountains  in 
southern  Utah.  There  are  numerous  laccolites  in  Utah 
Nevada,  Colorado  and  the  Black  Hills  of  South  Dakota. 
The  fact  that  laccolites  frequently  are  accompanied  by 
valuable  ore  deposits  is  of  interest,  particularly  those 
of  the  San  Juan  country  in  southwest  Colorado,  those  at 
Leadville  and  some  of  those  in  South  Dakota.  It  has 
been  noticed,  however,  that  the  ore  deposits  are  more 
directly  associated  with  dikes  which  Intersect  the  sedi- 
mentary rocks  and  laccolite  sheets  as  well.  The  material 
forming  laccolites  is  not  always  the  same,  but  is  usually 
an  acid  rock. 

* 

Alabaster  is  a  compact  variety  of  gypsum,  of 
earthy  appearance,  sometimes  faintly  tinged  with  color, 
as  pink,  yellow  or  greenish.  It  is  sometimes  used  for 
ornamental  purposes,  being  carved  into  various  imita- 
tive shapes.  Gypsum  is  used  for  fertilizing  purposes 
and  is  known  as  land  plaster.  Calcined  and  ground,  it 
forms  plaster  of  Paris  used  as  a"  hard  finish  "  for  walls 
and  ceilings  of  houses,  also  In  the  construction  of  various 
ornamental  pieces  for  structural  work.  In  recent  years 
large  amounts  of  "staff,"  a  material  largely  employed  in 
the  construction  of  temporary  buildings,  such  as  are 
built  for  exposition  purposes,  has  been  made  from  gyp- 
sum. The  amount  of  gypsum  produced  in  the  United 
States  is  about  700,000  short  tons  annually,  worth 
approximately  $2.50  per  ton.  The  situation  of  a  deposit 
and  local  demand  for  the  material  are  the  principal  con- 
siderations in  determining  the  value  of  a  deposit  of  gyp- 
Bum.  One  of  the  largest  concerns  handling  gypsum  is 
the  United  States  Gypsum  Co.  of  Omaha,  Neb.  They 
have  works  in  Nebraska,   Iowa,    New  York,   Michigan 

and  Oklahoma. 

* 
Glass  is  made  essentially  of  silica  (quartz  sand)  as  an 
acid  element;  soda  or  potash  as  an  alkaline  base,  and 
lime  and  oxide  of  lead  as  the  alkaline  earths.  To 
the  alkaline  earths  commercially  employed  there  should 
also  be  added  baryta  and  alumina,  the  former  in  place  of 
lead,  and  the  latter  a  common  ingredient  In  certain  kinds 
of  glass.  The  composition  of  window  glass  is  purified 
quartz  sand,  100  parts;  chalk  or  limestone,  35  to  40  parts; 
sulphate  of  soda,  40  to  45  parts;  cullet  or  waste  and 
broken  glass,  50  to  150  parts.  These  are  mixed  before 
charging  into  the  pots.  To  make  colored  glass  various 
oxides  of  the  metals,  iron,  manganese,  gold,  arsenic,  cop- 
per, chromium,  uranium,  cobalt,  etc.,  are  added  in 
greater  or  less  amount  to  the  charge.  The  amount  of 
metallic  oxide  and  {he  length  of  time  the  charge  remains 
in  the  furnace  determines  the  color  of  glass.  Cobalt  pro- 
duces a  blue  color;  uranium  makes  yellow  glass,  also 
saltB  of  silver  and  antimony  oxide;  a  peculiar  yellow  is 
produced  by  the  addition  of  powdered  charcoal  to  the 
charge;  cuprlc  oxide  produces  green,  and  manganese 
oxide  violet.     An  excess  of  manganese  produces  black 


The  most  reliable  method  to  determine  the  steam  con- 
sumption of  an  engine  is  to  make  an  evaporation  test; 
that  is,  to  measure  the  water  fed  to  the  boiler  in  a  given 
time  and  delivered  to  the  engine  In  the  form  of  Bteam. 
This  method,  however,  entails  considerable  trouble  and 
expense.  So  engineers  often  figure  out  the  water  con- 
sumption from  indicator  diagrams.  The  terms  water 
consumption  and  steam  consumption  are  here  used  in- 
discriminately, for  a  pound  of  water  will  produce  a  pound 
of  steam  at  any  pressure.  Figuring  that  way  can  never 
be  wholly  accurate,  because  the  data  requisite  to  insure 
results  are  not  thus  procurable.  That  is,  the  amount  of 
water  accounted  for  by  the  indicator  is  always  consider- 
ably less  than  it  ought  to  be  because  of  cylinder  conden- 
sation, valve  and  piston  leakage,  to  the  extent  that  it 
might  be  that  only  50%,  or  at  best  not  more  than  90%, 
of  the  water  passing  through  the  cylinder  would  be  ac- 
counted for  by  the  indicator.  But  if  the  cylinder  were 
properly  steam  jacketed,  or  if  superheated  steam  were 
used,  and  there  were  no  leakage  of  steam  from  valves  or 
pistons,  the  water  consumption  could  be  closely  calcu- 
lated from  an  Indicator  diagram. 


97 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15, 1903. 


Secondary    Enrichment    of    riineral 

Veins  in   Regions  of  Small 

Erosion. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
C.  L.  Herrick,  PhD. 

In  the  rapidly  growing  but  still  very  unsatisfactory 
literature  of  mineral  deposition  it  appears  to  the 
writer  that  one  element  of  very  great  importance 
has  been  nearly  entirely  overlooked. 

The  question  has  often  been  asked  why  there  should 
be  so  marked  a  difference  in  the  reliability  of  gold- 
bearing  veins  found  in  two  parts  of  the  same  range, 
as,  for  example,  the  Rocky  mountains  of  Colorado 
and  the  same  range  farther  south.  It  can  not  be 
denied  that,  with  essentially  identical  conditions  of 
country  rock  and  vein  filling,  the  veins  of  New  Mex- 
ico and  Arizona  have  a  greater  tendency  to  exhibit 
a  falling  off  of  value  in  depth  and  a  greater  variabil- 
ity near  the  surface  than  do  those  of  the  northern 
regions. 

Without  entering  into  any  comparison  of  the  sev- 
eral regions,  the  writer  hopes  to  present  a  working 
hypothesis  which  is  based  on  a  sufficiently  wide  range 
of  observation  to  be  at  least  of  practical  value  and 
to  form  the  basis  for  further  discussion.  While  the 
fact  above  alluded  to  will  be  questioned  by  some  New 
Mexico  mining  men,  who  will  in  the  same  breath  ad- 
mit it  by  appeal  to  much-used  statement  that  in  New 
Mexico  there  have  been  few,  if  any,  attempts  to  reach 
adequate  depth,  yet  we  will  admit,  for  the  purposes 
of  this  discussion,  that  the  gold  ores  in  New  Mexico 
are  more  fickle  in  distribution,  and  the  mineral  veins 
are  less  reliable  in  depth  than  farther  north. 

Practically  all  gold-bearing  veins  in  this  region  are 
either  found  in  andesite,  or  other  basic  rock,  or  are 
in  such  geological  association  as  to  indicate  that  the 
fissures  passed  through  such  intrusives.  The  se- 
quence in  the  Territory  and  southern  Colorado  has 
been,  first,  andesite  and  allied  porphyries ;  second, 
trachytes  and  trachyte  pitchstones,  etc.;  third,  acid 
rhyolites,  with  free  quartz,  and  often  of  almost  gran- 
itic appearance,  grading  into  acid  glasses  and  obsi- 
dian; fourth,  recent  basalts  and  basaltic  tufas,  the 
last  mentioned  being  Post-Tertiary.  In  none  of  the 
above,  except  the  first,  are  mineral-bearing  veins  of 
first  intention  found,  though  cases  exist  where  a  gold 
quartz  vein  passed  through  an  andesite  into  a  rhyo- 
lite. 

It  is  known  that  the  andesite  is  later  than  the  Per- 
mian, for  there  are  found  numerous  instances  where 
larger  or  smaller  fragments  of  granite,  Carboniferous 
limestone  and  Permian  sandstone  are  incorporated  in 
the  brecciated  phases  of  the  andesite.  It  is  also  well 
known  that  the  andesite  flows  are  multiple  and  that 
the  earlier  andesite  is  often  incorporated  in  the  lat- 
ter along  contact  zones,  and  the  andesite  is  prone  to 
be  greatly  shattered  and  badly  mended  by  successive 
outbursts. 

The  quartz  veins  are  frequently  much  disturbed 
and  displaced  by  faults  within  the  andesite.  It  be- 
comes a  very  difficult  question  in  these  cases  whether 
the  quartz  veins  were  in  situ  and  have  been  displaced 
by  the  faults,  as  ordinarily  supposed,  or  whether  the 
faults  laid  open  the  rock  and  the  infiltration  con- 
formed to  the  several  sets  of  fault  openings.  It  is 
the  writer's  opinion  that  the  latter  possibility  is  often 
overlooked.  For  example,  in  a  gold  vein  which  the 
writer  has  opened  for  several  hundred  feet,  where 
both  walls  are  of  andesite  and  the  vein  is  upon  the 
average  over  5  feet  wide,  an  intrusion  of  one  wall, 
obviously  due  to  cross  faults,  causes  a  "  pinching"  of 
the  vein  to  a  mere  crevice  with  quartz  filling.  Beyond 
a  second  cross  fault  the  vein  resumes  its  original 
width  and  character.  It  is  fairly  obvious,  in  such  a 
case,  that  the  intrusion  of  the  foot  wall  was  brought 
about  before  the  filling  of  the  vein  by  quartz. 

On  the  same  vein  an  entirely  similar  cross  fault 
throws  the  vein  laterally  some  hundreds  of  feet.  The 
cross  fault  is  sharp  and  the  wall  is  smooth  and  ap- 
pears "  slickensided,"  though,  it  must  be  observed, 
what  miners  call  "slicks"  in  clayey  ground,  are 
generally  of  water  origin.  The  quartz  is  i  to  6  feet 
wide  at  the  break  and  stops  sharply.  One  would  say 
that  this  is  a  clear  case  of  throw  of  quartz  vein  by 
faulting  of  the  country  rock.  There  is,  however,  a 
rib  of  good  quartz  carrying  good  values  in  the  slip 
passing  toward  the  continuation  of  the  vein  in  the 
direction  of  throw  for  some  distance.  We  might  sup- 
pose that  this  quartz  is  secondary  and  has  been  de- 
posited since  the  faulting  of  the  main  vein,  but  it  has 
none  of  the  appearance  of  such  segregation  quartz 
and  is  quite  like  the  original  vein  in  appearance  and 
value.  It  is  not  banded  nor  ribboned,  as  segregation 
quartz  here  tends  to  be. 

It  appears  to  the  writer  more  probable  that  the 
longitudinal  and  the  transverse  fissures  were  both 
prior  to  the  quartz  filling,  and  that  the  quartz  along 
the  transverse  fault  is  contemporaneous  and  similar 
to  that  of  the  main  vein.  Often  the  recognition  of 
such  a  possibility  will  have  a  practical  bearing  on  the 
method  of  mining  exploration.  It  will  not  be  certain 
that  the  vein  when  found  beyond  the  cross  fault  will 
be  of  the  same  width  or  value  as  at  the  point  of  ap- 
parent fracture,  while  on  the  usual  hypothesis  that 
conclusion  would  be  inevitable. 

It  has  been  the  writer's  privilege  to  study  in  a 


practical  way  the  characteristics  of  the  quartz  veins 
in  a  region  where  the  andesite  forms  the  country  rock 
over  a  large  area  and  is  broken,  as  above  described, 
without  the  intrusion  of  any  other  volcanic  or  ig- 
neous rock  and  at  a  distance  from  any  known  strati- 
fied rock.  The  region  is  gently  rolling  and  has 
escaped  even  the  moderate  erosion  of  the  mountain- 
ous parts  of  New  Mexico.  The  quartz  veins  at  a 
depth  of  over  200  feet  are  massive  and  homogeneous, 
and  fill  the  space  of  the  vein  from  wall  to  wall  with- 
out gangue  or  clay.  The  wall  selvage  is  narrow  and 
obviously  a  reaction  product  between  andesite  and 
quartz.  Values  are  chiefly  oxidized  at  this  depth, 
though  covered  by  100  feet  of  surface  water,  which 
is  obviously  in  circulation  or  movement  toward  the 
drainage  axes. 

Ascending  to  a  point  100  feet  below  the  surface, 
the  vein  preserves  the  same  (or  greater)  width,  but 
the  quartz  is  reduced  to  one-half,  and  the  space  re- 
maining is  filled  with  a  mixture  of  decomposed  quartz 
and  clay  or  gangue.  The  loose  part  of  the  vein  often 
carries  values,  but  the  occurrence  of  gold  is  spora- 
dic. On  the  whole,  the  value  in  the  vein  where  it  is 
all  quartz  and  where  it  is  half  gangue  may  remain 
the  same,  with  such  exceptions  as  will  be  noted  be- 
yond. At  or  near  the  present  water  level,  and  for 
some  distance  below,  there  is  some  concentration  of 
value.  Above  the  water  level  to  the  surface  there 
is  a  tendency  for  cross  fissures  and  fault  planes  to 
make  shoots  of  richer  ore  in  the  vein,  and  the  sur- 
face is  often  better  value  than  50  feet  lower. 

At  the  line  separating  the  loose  upper  zone  from 
the  compact  lower  quartz  there  is  frequently  a  belt 
of  spongy  quartz  of  high  value  running  many  hun- 
dreds of  dollars  per  ton.  The  work  has  not  been  car- 
ried to  such  a  depth  as  to  explore  the  unoxidized 
zone,  though  there  are  some  bunches  of  sulphides  in 
the  lower  quartz.  On  the  other  hand,  the  country 
rock  adjacent  to  veins  and  at  fault  planes  is  often 
densely  impregnated  with  pyrites  of  small  value. 

It  may  be  noted  that  this  region  has  suffered  little 
denudation.  In  central  New  Mexico  only  one  locality 
has  yielded  any  evidence  of  small  local  glaciers.  The 
erosion  has  been  by  way  of  atmospheric  disintegra- 
tion and  surface  erosion  by  local  waters.  The  area 
is  one  uncompromised  by  mixed  intrusives,  and  the 
conditions  have  been  simple. 

Water  obtained  access  to  the  fissured  quartz  of 
the  veins  and  the  ores  have  been  oxidized  to  an  un- 
known depth.  The  water,  being  in  movement,  has 
conveyed  air  to  the  deepest  portions  yet  seen.  The 
contact  action  between  acid  vein  matter  and  basic 
country  rock  has  been  profound,  and  resulted  in  ex- 
tracting kaolin  and  decomposing  feldspars  from  the 
andesite.  The  lime  from  the  feldspar  has  been  col- 
lected in  fissures  not  filled  by  quartz,  and  the  result 
is  that  the  more  recent  fissures  are  filled  with  lime, 
quartz  and  iron  carrying  very  good  but  variable  gold 
values. 

The  quartz  has  suffered  to  a  considerable  extent 
and  has  been  fissured  and  honeycombed.  By  this 
double  process  the  vein  has  been  widened  and  part  of 
the  fissure  filled  with  gangue  of  the  mixture  just  de- 
scribed. In  this  more  or  less  of  the  gold  from  the 
decomposed  quartz  remains.  At  and  near  the  sur- 
face is  a  zone  of  enrichment,  due  to  the  infiltration  of 
heavier  materials  from  above.  The  iron  has  largely 
been  changed  to  red  oxides  or  entered  into  ochra- 
ceous  combinations.  In  the  quartz  the  change  has 
proceeded  no  further  than  magnetite. 

It  seems  reasonable  to  suppose  that  from  the  up- 
per zone  of  enrichment  down  to  the  less  altered  zone 
of  massive  quartz  there  would  be  an  impoverishment 
by  which  this  quartz  would  be  robbed  to  supply  rich 
pockets  or  belts  at  the  point  where  the  free  circula- 
tion is  checked. 

Thus  simply  are  all  the  phenomena  described  to  be 
explained.  The  processes  here  illustrated  may  have 
occupied  a  very  long  time,  and  the  only  effect  of  the 
glacial  period  is  the  indirect  one,  in  so  far  as  it  may 
be  true  that  the  differential  strains  due  to  unequal 
weight  of  ice  gave  rise  to  the  Assuring  producing  the 
recent  basaltic  flows. 

The  period  of  basaltic  overflow  was  one  of  pro- 
found faulting,  and  it  is  very  possible  that  even  in 
districts  not  in  immediate  contact  with  basaltic  flows 
or  volcanoes  the  effect  was  felt  in  fracturing  by  shear- 
ing strains  so  produced.  In  the  locality  here  alluded 
to  there  are  basaltic  necks  and  sheets  at  no  great 
distance. 

Contrasting  such  conditions  as  a*e  here  described 
with  those  in  a  region  of  glacial  denudation  or  exces- 
sive erosion  from  other  causes,  the  difference  is  very 
apparent.  In  most  of  the  latter  instances  all  that 
has  so  far  been  brought  to  view  in  our  region  is  ab- 
sent, and  there  remains  but  a  zone  of  superficial  en- 
richment, immediately  following  which  is  the  sulphide 
zone.  In  some  cases  the  sulphide  zone  is  covered  by 
"cap,"  in  no  way  comparable  to  our  surface  zone. 

The  practical  question  then  remains:  Is  it  prob- 
able that  the  unoxidized  zone  will  prove  to  have  values 
sufficient  to  pay  for  the  cost  of  sinking  as  much  as 
1000  feet  ?  Each  investor  will  answer  according  to 
his  own  light.  If  he  is  convinced  that  the  massive 
quartz  carries  the  equivalent  of  the  value  of  the  sul- 
phide quartz  below  it,  he  will  be  governed  by  this 
value.  He  may  believe  that  the  oxidized  quartz  has 
all  suffered  impoverishment,  as  part  of  it  has  demon- 
strably done.  In  any  event,  he  is  justified  in  assum- 
ing that  veins  of  good  size  and  constancy  will  go  down 


as  far  as  he  is  able  to  follow  them,  and  that  sooner  or 
later  he  will  reach  a  region  where  he  can  expect  uni- 
formity and  permanence  of  value.  The  ore  will  be 
concentrating  material,  and  in  most  New  Mexico 
camps  will  have  few  detrimental  elements. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  some  one  will  be  found  with 
courage  and  means  to  explore  these  attractive 
depths,  who  will  not  be  turned  aside  by  the  easier 
dollars  in  the  surface  pockets  of  the  same  veins. 


Considerations  Favorable  to 
Blast  Smelting.* 


Hot 


In  blast  furnace  smelting  of  gold,  silver,  lead  and 
copper  ores,  conditions  at  the  incandescent  zone 
above  the  tuyeres  for  oxidation  and  reduction  are 
controlled  by  volume,  temperature  and  pressure  of 
blast  with  reference  to  cross  section  of  the  furnace 
at  the  tuyeres,  character  of  the  material  being 
operated  upon,  and  end  results  to  be  accomplished. 
In  the  use  of  hot  air,  provision  must  be  made  in  tuyere 
area  to  accommodate  and  allow  the  passage  of  its 
vastly  expanded  volume.  If  the  air  pipes  and  tuyeres 
are  not  proportioned  to  it,  then  necessarily  at  a 
given  pressure  of  blast  there  may  occur  a  localiza- 
tion of  combustion  simply  by  reason  of  the  limited 
amount  of  oxygen  supplied  through  them,  which  at 
once  combines  with  the  first  carbon  or  other  fuel 
with  which  it  comes  in  contact,  leaving  less  or  none 
for  other  fuel  in  the  same  zone  and  above. 

Heating  air  blast  by  reason  of  its  increased  volume 
tends  to  facility  of  distribution  and  not  to  localization 
of  combustion.  Pure  oxygen  blown  in  at  the  tuyeres 
would  produce  most  violent  local  combustion  and  in- 
tensest  heat.  Nature  attenuates  oxygen  by  the  ad- 
mixture of  a  trifle  more  than  four  times  its  volume 
of  nitrogen  and  the  product  becomes  air  and  is 
susceptible,  physically,  by  well-known  means,  of  a 
much  wider  distribution  and  contact  with  the  material 
and  a  corresponding  distribution  of  resulting  com- 
bustion in  the  tuyere  zone.  Increasing  heat  invests 
it  with  the  property  of  accelerating  energy  and  in- 
tensity which  would  tend,  if  blown  in  hot,  to  violence 
of  reaction  with  carbon,  sulphur,  iron,  etc.,  concen- 
tration or  localization  of  combustion  and  resultant 
excessively  high  temperature,  were  it  not  for  the 
counteracting  factor  that  nature  again  provides  in 
the  expansibility  of  gases  under  heat  which  has  the 
same  material  effect  of  an  attenuating  or  thinning 
down  of  the  air  by  increasing  its  volume  by  ex- 
pansion, components  remaining  unchanged,  the  in- 
creased energy  of  its  oxygen  by  reason  of  heat  being 
counteracted  or  compensated  for  by  reason  of  its 
attenuated  condition  in  expanded  volume,  and  hence 
facility  of  distribution  prevents  undue  local  action. 
The  reactions  peculiar  to  the  zone  of  fusion  do  not, 
however,  occur  until  the  air  blown  has  reached  the 
temperature  of  that  zone  and  the  oxygen  has  hence 
acquired  its  extreme  energy,  therefore  the  effect  of 
heating  the  blast  on  the  action  of  the  furnace  is  to 
make  uniform  action  possible  where  it  enters  the 
furnace,  by  eliminating  much  of  the  cold  otherwise 
carried  in  by  the  air  blast  and  circulated  or  dis- 
tributed irregularly  and  without  control.  A  given 
amount  of  air  expanded  by  heat  to  three  times  or 
four  times  its  original  volume  is  distributed  through- 
out the  tuyere  zone  through  the  pressure  imparted 
to  it  by  the  blowing  engine,  with  facility  and  cer- 
tainty proportional  to  its  expanded  volume. 

Hot  wind  does  not  necessarily  tend  to  concentra- 
tion of  temperature  and  rapid  smelting,  though  it 
makes  either  the  one  or  the  other,  or  both  possible, 
when  pressure,  temperature  and  volume  are  under 
control  to  adapt  all  to  size  and  to  shape  of  furnace 
and  charater  of  ore  being  smelted.  Intense  heat  is  a 
necessary  condition  of  smelting  zone  of  a  furnace. 
Cold,  purely  as  cold  in  the  air  blast  introduced  for 
the  purpose  of  producing  any  useful  modifying  effect 
on  a  zone  of  the  furnace  where  incandescence  is  a 
normal  and  necessary  condition,  is  an  absurdity. 
The  effect  of  such  cold  can  only  have  a  retarding  and 
unfavorable  influence  in  that  zone. 

A  part  of  the  air  sent  to  a  blast  furnace  is  for  the 
purpose  of  generating  heat  by  the  burning  of  fuel  to 
raise  the  temperature  of  material  within  the  furnace 
to  a  point  at  which  it  is  possible  for  the  desired 
chemical  reactions  to  take  place  rapidly,  and  further 
to  melt  such  material  when  it  reaches  the  tuyere 
zone,  while  another  part  is  required  for  the  oxidizing 
of  fuel  necessary  for  those  reactions,  or  else  for  its 
oxidizing  effect  higher  up  in  the  furnace  on  ores 
carrying  sulphur,  iron,  etc.  There  are  large  pro- 
portional areas,  especially  in  the  neighborhood  of  the 
tuyeres,  in  every  cold  blast  furnace,  in  which  the  de- 
sired reactions  cannot  take  place  because  the  blast 
of  cold  air  keei  s  these  areas  too  cool  to  admit  of 
them.  Proportionally  as  the  air  is  sent  hot  into  the 
furnace  these  cool  areas  are  reduced  in  size  and  in 
far  greater  proportion  is  the  capacity  and  efficiency 
of  the  furnace  increased.  Zinc  crusts  and  other  ac- 
cretions of  kindred  nature  obtrude  less  difficulties  to 
combat  when  not  complicated  by  the  presence  of  cold 
inactive   spots   produced  by  the  cold  of  the  air  blast. 

*  Abstract  from  pamphlet  issued  by  the  Colorado  Iron  Works 
Co.,  Denver,  Colo.,  entitled  "  Some  Details  as  to  Smelting  Praotioe 
and  Equipment." 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


98 


A  pound  of  carbon  requires  11.6  pounds  of  air  for  its 
consumption,  and  conversely  for  each  pound  of  car- 
bon that  is  saved  from  burning  it  in  the  furnace 
by  burning  it  in  contact  with  the  blast  before  it 
reaches  the  furnace,  the  cooling  influence  of  11.6 
pounds  of  cold  air  is  kept  out  of  the  zone  of  intensest 
heat,  as  much  cold  in  the  air  blast  to  be  overcome  by 
heat  to  be  developed  from  each  pound  of  carbon  as 
would  be  required  to  melt  thirty-two  pounds  of  pig 
iron  from  atmospheric  temperature,  and  it  is  by  far 
better  to  relieve  the  furnace  of  at  least  a  part  of  the 
duty  of  heating  in  its  most  vital  part  such  enormous 
quantities  of  cold  air  to  burn  fuel  for  the  production 
of  heat  that  may  more  efficiently  and  cheaply  be  pro- 
duced outside  and  carried  in  with  the  air  blast. 

If  the  current  of  cold  air  could  be  kept  constantly 
impinging  on  the  glowing  coke,  then  to  overcome  its 
cooling  influence  would  be  only  a  question  of  fuel 
added  ;  but  it  is  not  so,  because  such  incandescent 
fuel  as  a  sharp  blast  of  cold  air  is  caused  to  impinge 
against  is  at  once  cooled,  blown  out  as  it  were,  and 
it  is  only  after  the  blast  of  cold  air  has  passed  through 
the  heated  mass  of  material  and  becomes  heated 
thereby  that  it  may  impinge  directly  upon  incan- 
descent fuel  without  deadening  or  cooling  it.  This  is 
plainly  seen  in  the  operation  of  any  cold  blast  furnace, 
for  on  looking  into  the  tuyeres  they  are  generally 
aeen  to  be  black  and  to  look  cold  throughout,  except 
that  far  in  an  occasional  bright  spot  may  be  seen, 
but.such  bright  spots  are  always  protected  from  the 
direction  of  the  cold  blast  by  the  cooled  or  partially 
cooled  material  at  the  tuyeres  against  which  the  air 
impinges  on  its  entrance  to  the  furnace,  and  thence 
finds  its  way  around  through  the  heated  mass  of 
furnace  material  and  becomes  itself  heated  and  thus 
prepared  to  perform  its  functions  in  the  necessary 
reactions. 

And  so  it  turns  out  that  in  the  absence  of  a  heat- 
ing stove  outside  the  blast  furnace  in  which  the  air 
blast  may  be  heated,  the  furnace  itself  at  its  most 
vital  and  most  sensitive  part — the  tuyere  zone — 
must  be  utilized  as  a  stove  for  that  purpose  primarily 
and  at  the  expense  of  its  efficiency  for  its  other 
duties  and  functions. 

In  cold  blast  furnaces  there  is  a  constant  tendency 
to  burn  too  high  up  above  the  tuyere  zone,  which  is 
caused  by  the  cold  air  cooling  relatively  all  material 
at  the  tuyeres,  while  itself  is  being  heated  up  to  the 
temperature  at  which  it  is  possible  for  the  air  to  be- 
come a  factor  in  the  reactions  to  which  it  is  nec- 
essary. 

If  in  any  particular  zone  of  the  furnace  a  given 
condition  of  temperature,  oxidation  of  fuel  and  in- 
candescence is  necessary,  then  that  condition  is  de- 
sirable in  the  whole  of  that  zone,  and  the  cooling  in 
spots  and  patches  by  forcing  a  blast  of  cold  air  into 
it  curtails  the  area  and  the  efficiency  of  that  zone, 
not  only  by  the  amount  in  relative  proportion  of 
those  abnormally  cooled  spots  or  patches  to  the  whole 
zone  under  consideration,  but  by  far  more  than  this, 
for  they  lie  there  in  the  way  of  the  blast,  obstructing 
and  preventing  it  from  circulating  freely  throughout 
the  incandescent  zone,  which  it  necessarily  should  do, 
for  the  requisite  supply  of  oxygen  to  each  and  every 
individual  inch  in  that  section.  Not  only  is  the  room 
that  such  cooled  areas  occupy  lost  absolutely,  and  to 
be  deducted  from  value  of  cross  section,  but  their 
adverse  effect  on  its  operation  by  deflecting  the  blast 
upward  or  downward  anywhere  away  from  where  it 
is  needed  to  where  it  is  not  needed  is  still  more 
serious,  for  no  possible  good,  but  much  harm,  must 
come  as  a  result  of  blast  blown  against  cooled  masses 
of  furnace  material  and  deflected  thence  upward  or 
downward  or  athwart  into  material  from  which  heat 
is  obstructed  by  the  cool  areas.  Whenever  the  fur- 
nace is  so  large  that  blast  pressure  must  be  increased 
to  several  pounds  in  order  to  permeate  to  the  center 
of  the  whole  mass  of  furnace  material  at  the  tuyere 
zone  to  maintain  combustion  there,  then  the  excess 
of  cold  extinguishes  the  fire,  blows  it  out,  as  it  were, 
in  continually  widening  areas  in  the  neighborhood  of 
the  tuyeres  where  it  is  introduced  and  for  distances 
inward  greater  and  greater  as  blast  pressure  is  in- 
creased, but  in  patches  or  spots  only,  of  greater  or 
less  area  until  the  center  is  reached  and  cooled  so 
much  as  to  stop  the  smelting  operation  all  along  the 
center  line.  The  half  melted  mass  of  unsmelted  ma- 
terial cools  more  and  more,  growing  larger  and 
larger  until  it  is  finally  connected  here  and  there 
with  the  cold  patches  between  the  center  and  the 
sides,  and  now  excessive  irregularities  are  culminat- 
ing in  a  frozen  up  furnace,  often  solid  at  the  center, 
while  yet  partially  open  along  the  sides. 

Air  is  delivered  into  a  blast  furnace  at  its  hottest 
part — the  zone  of  fusion — the  tuyere  zone.  It  follows 
that  to  perform  its  functions  its  temperature  must 
first  become  the  same  as  the  temperature  of  that 
zone,  possibly  4000°  or  more,  oxidizing  rapidly  any 
reduced  lead  with  which  it  may  come  in  contact. 
Another  part  landing  against  some  cold  dark  spot 
and  deflected  thence  against  some  other  cold  dark 
area,  thence  dodging  around  until  it  does  get  into 
the  heat  somewhere,  often  far  above  the  proper 
smelting  zone,  and  having  finally  acquired  the  heat 
necessary,  it  performs  its  offices  in  conjunction  with 
fuel  at  that  point,  producing  heat  and  setting  up  a 
temporary  smelting  area  above  the  normal  one. 
Thus  is  the  proper  smelting  zone  robbed  of  a  part  of 
the  air  necessary  to  its  appropriate  reactions  and 
further  chilling  ensues,  while  the  smelting  zone  is  ex- 


Desulphurizing   Slimes  by 
Roasting.* 


Heap 


NUMBER  II.— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  E.  J.  Horwood. 


tended  upward  and  rendered  inefficient  throughout 
its  whole  extent. 

Hot  blast  contributes  to  support  the  combustion  of 
carbonaceous  and  other  fuel,  as  sulphur,  etc.,  with  a 
minimum  of  oxygen  supplied,  i.  e.,  the  hot  blast  and 
fuel  are  drawn  upon  most  for  the  necessary  smelting 
reactions,  and  least  possible  for  heating  per  se. 
Heating  the  blast  promotes  regularity  of  heat  and 
of  chemical  reaction  by  promoting  uniformity  of  con- 
ditions throughout  each  individual  section  of  the  fur- 
nace, especially  in  the  zones  of  incandescence  and 
fusion  where  the  most  active  changes  are  taking 
place,  reduction  or  oxidation  predominating,  as  the 
case  may  be,  both  in  that  zone  and  above.  Because 
the  blast  is  heated  it  does  not  follow  that  the  furnace 
need  be,  or  would  be  run  hotter  than  is  common  or 
desirable.  Hot  blast  does  not  necessarily  involve  in- 
creased temperature  in  any  one  zone  of  the  furnace. 
Incandescence  at  the  tuyere  zone,  where  the  air  blast 
enters,  is  a  necessary  condition  of  every  blast  fur- 
nace; but  the  temperature  of  the  heated  blast  being 
always  below  that  of  incandescence,  the  heat  of  that 
zone  and  of  the  whole  furnace  is  within  easy  and  ac- 
curate control. 

In  matte  smelting  of  sulphide  ores  that  require 
previous  partial  roasting,  and  where  carbonaceous 
fuel  is  used,  the  tendency  is  to  reduce  iron  oxide  and 
sulphurous  acid  gas  by  excess  of  carbon  monoxide 
and  to  produce  poor  matte,  because  carbon  monoxide 
in  the  first  instance  robs  the  FeO  of  its  oxygen  to 
form  carbon  dioxide,  thus  robbing  the  slag  of  the 
iron  needed  there  and  sending  it  to  the  crucible  to 
burden  the  matte,  and  in  the  second  instance  the 
sulphurous  acid  gas,  which  would  otherwise  escape 
by  the  chimney,  is  robbed  of  a  part  of  its  oxygen, 
thus  producing  sulphur  and  sending  that  also  to  the 
matte.  The  less  carbonaceous  fuel  necessary  to  be 
burned  in  the  furnace,  and  the  less  carbon  monoxide 
generated  there  (other  conditions  being  right),  the 
less  imminent  become  these  undesirable  reactions, 
and  hence  the  more  of  the  necessary  heat  that  is 
generated  outside  of  the  furnace  and  sent  in  with  the 
air  blast,  and  so  the  less  carbonaceous  fuel  neces- 
sary, the  more  favorable  are  the  conditions  in  this 
view  of  the  case  to  a  higher  percentage  of  concen- 
tration of  valuable  products  in  the  matte,  and  the 
suggestion  points  significantly  to  pyritic  smelting. 

To  the  application  of  hot  blast  is  due  the  great 
economy  and  efficiency  realized  in  modern  iron  smelt- 
ing practice,  for  it  is  the  application  of  heated  blast 
that  has  made  the  great  iron  furnaces  of  to-day  pos- 
sible. Blown  with  cold  blast,  not  one  of  them  could 
run  a  week.  Heated  blast,  making  uniform  condi- 
tions of  combustion  and  of  consequent  reactions  pos- 
sible in  each  individual  cross  section  of  the  furnace, 
has  made  high  blast  pressure  possible,  without  which 
furnaces  of  large  cross-section  area  could  not  be 
blown. 

The  air  blast  in  iron  smelting  is  heated  by  the  in- 
flammable gases,  chiefly  the  carbon  monoxide  which 
is  evolved.  Little  or  no  such  gases  escape  from  fur- 
naces smelting  the  ores  of  copper,  lead,  silver  and 
gold,  and  hence  to  heat  the  air  blast  for  these  other 
means  must  be  resorted  to. 

The  importance  of  this  feature  is  manifest  when  it 
is  considered  that  11.6  pounds  of  air  is  consumed  in 
burning  one  pound  of  carbon,  as  coal  or  coke.  More 
than  one  and  one-half  ton  of  air  must  be  heated  to 
the  smelting  temperature  either  in  the  blast  furnace 
or  both  in  the  stove  and  in  the  blast  furnace  for  each 
ton  of  ore  and  fluxes  smelted. 

As  indicated  by  the  above  explanation,  the  greater 
proportion  by  far  of  the  heat  involved  in  the  smelting 
of  ores  is  expended  in  heating  the  air  necessary  to 
the  operation,  either  within  the  blast  furnace,  as 
when  cold  blast  is  used,  or  partly  by  the  stove  and 
partly  within  the  smelting  furnace,  as  when  hot  blast 
is  applied. 


The  width  found  most  suitable  is  22  feet  at  the  base, 
the  sides  sloping  up  rather  flatter  than  one  to  one, 
with  a  flat  section  on  top  reaching  7  feet  in  height. 
As  there  is  always  6  inches  of  the  outer  crust  imper- 
fectly roasted,  it  is  advisable  to  make  the  length  as 
great  as  possible,  thus  minimizing  the  surface  ex- 
posed. The  company  is  building  heaps  up  to  200  feet 
long. 

During  roasting,  care  is  required  to  regulate  the 
air  supply,  the  object  being  to  avoid  too  fierce  a 
roast,  which  tends  to  sinter  and  partially  fuse  the 
material  on  the  outer  portions  of  the  lumps,  while  in- 
side there  is  raw  slime.  By  extending  the  roast  over 
a  longer  period  this  is  avoided  and  a  more  complete 
desulphurization  is  effected.  Experiments  conducted 
by  Mr.  Bradford,  chief  assayer,  demonstrated  that, 
at  a  temperature  of  400°  C,  the  sulphide  slime  is  con- 
verted into  basic  sulphate,  while  at  a  temperature  of 
800°  C.  the  material  becomes  sintered,  owing  to  the 
decomposition  of  the  basic  sulphate  and  the  formation 
of  -fusible  silicate  of  lead. 

In  practice,  the  sulphur  contents  of  the  material, 

♦Abstract  Trans.  Australian  Inst.  Min.  Engrs.  a 


which  originally  are  about  14%,  become  reduced  from 
6.5%  to  8.5% — half  in  the  form  of  basic  sulphate  and 
half  as  sulphides  ;  much  of  the  material  sinters  and 
becomes  matted  together  in  a  fairly  solid  mass.  The 
heaps  are  built  without  chimneys  of  any  kind;  a  strip 
about  5  feet  wide  along  the  crest  of  the  pile  is  left 
uncovered  by  plastered  slime,  and  this,  together  with 
the  open  way  in  which  the  lumps  are  built  in,  allows 
a  natural  draught  to  be  set  up,  which  can  be  regu- 
lated by  partly  closing  the  open  ends  of  the  flues  at 
the  base  of  the  pile.  Masonry  kilns  were  used  in  the 
earlier  stages  with  good  results,  which,  however, 
were  not  so  much  better  than  those  obtained  by  the 
heap  method  as  to  justify  the  expense  of  building, 
taking  into  consideration,  too,  the  extra  cost  of  han- 
dling the  roasted  material  in  the  necessarily  more 
confined  space. 

Much  interest  has  been  taken  in  the  chemical  re- 
actions which  take  place  in  the  operation  of  desul- 
phurization of  these  slimes,  it  being  contended  on  the 
one  hand  that  the  unexpectedly  rapid  roast  which 
takes  place  may  be  due  to  the  sulphide  being  in  a 
very  fine  state  of  subdivision,  and  more  or  less  porous, 
thus  allowing  the  air  ready  access  to  the  sulphur, 
producing  sulphurous  acid  gas  (SOa).  On  the  other 
hand,  others,  of  whom  Mr.  Carmichael  is  the  chief 
exponent,  claim  that  several  reactions  take  place 
during  the  operation,  connected  with  the  rhodonite 
and  lime  compounds  present  in  the  slimes,  which  he 
describes  as  follows: 

"The  temperature  of  the  kilns  having  reached  a 
dull  red  heat,  the  rhodonite  (silicate  of  manganese)  is 
converted  into  manganous  oxide  and  silica ;  at  a 
rather  higher  temperature  the  calcium  compounds 
are  also  split  up,  with  formation  of  calcium  sulphide, 
the  sulphur  being  provided  by  the  slimes.  The  air 
permeating  the  mass  oxidizes  the  manganese  oxide 
and  calcium  sulphide  into  manganese  tetroxide  and 
calcium  sulphate,  respectively,  as  shown  as  follows: 

3  MNO  +  O  =  MN304 
CaS  +  40  =  CaS04 

And,  as  such,  are  carriers  of  a  form  of  concentrated 
oxygen  to  the  sulphide  slimes,  with  a  corresponding 
reduction  to  manganous  oxide  and  calcium  sulphide, 
as  shown  by  the  following  equation,  in  the  case  of 
lead  : 

PbS  +  4Mn,04  =  PbS04  +  12  MnO 

PbS  +  CaS04  =  PbS04  +  CaS. 

The  oxidation  of  the  manganous  oxide  and  calcium 
sulphide  is  repeated,  and  these  alternate  reactions 
recur  until  the  desulphurization  ceases,  or  the  kiln 
cools  down  to  a  temperature  below  which  oxidation 
can  not  occur.  These  reactions,  being  heat-produc- 
ing, provide  part  of  the  heat  necessary  for  desul- 
phurization, which  is  brought  about  by  the  following 
concurrent  reactions  between  metallic  sulphates  aud 
sulphide  : 

"  The  first  that  probably  occurs  is  that  in  which 
two  equivalents  of  the  metallic  sulphide  react  on  one 
of  the  metallic  sulphate  with  reduction  to  the  metal, 
metallic  sulphide  and  sulphurous  acid,  as  shown  by 
the  following  equation  in  the  form  of  lead  : 

2  PbS  +  PbS04  =  2  Pb  +  PbS  +  2  S02. 

"  The  metal  so  formed,  in  the  presence  of  air,  is 
oxidized,  and  in  this  state  reacts  on  a  further  portion 
of  the  produced  metallic  sulphide  with  an  increased 
formation  of  metal  and  evolution  of  sulphurous  acid, 
according  to  the  following  equation,  in  the  case  of 
lead  : 

2  PbO  +  PbS  =  Pb  +  S02. 

The  metal  so  produced  in  this  reaction  is  wholly  re- 
oxidized  from  the  oxygen  of  the  air  current,  and,  be- 
ing free  to  react  on  still  further  portion  of  the  metal- 
lic sulphide,  repeats  the  reaction,  and  becomes  an 
important  factor  in  the  desulphurizing  of  the  unde- 
composed  portion  of  the  material.  As  the  desul- 
phurization proceeds,  and  the  sulphate  of  metal 
accumulates,  reactions  are  set  up  between  the 
metallic  sulphide  and  different  multiple  proportions 
of  the  metallic  sulphate,  with  the  formation  of  metal, 
metallic  oxide,  and  evolution  of  sulphurous  acid,  as 
follows : 

"With  two  equivalents  of  metallic  sulphate  to  one 
equivalent  of  metallic  sulphide,  in  the  case  of  lead,  ac- 
cording to  the  following  equation : 

PbS  +  PbS04  =  2  PbG  +  Pb  +  3  S02 

"  With  three  equivalents  of  metallic  sulphate  to  one 
of  metallic  sulphide  in  the  case  of  lead,  according  to 
the  following  equation : 

PbS  +  3  PbS04  =  4  PbO  +  4  S02." 

The  volatility  of  sulphide  of  lead — especially  in  the 
presence  of  an  inert  gas  such  as  sulphuric  acid — being 
greater  than  that  of  the  sulphate,  oxide  or  the  metal 
itself,  it  might  be  thought  the  conditions  are  condu- 
cive to  a  serious  loss  of  lead.  This,  however,  is  re- 
duced to  a  minimum,  owing  to  the  easily  volatilized 
sulphide  being  trapped  as  non- volatile  sulphate,  by 
small  portions  of  sulphuric  anhydride  (S03),  which  is 
formed  by  a  calalytic  reaction  set  up  between  the  hot 
ore,  sulphuric  acid  and  the  air  which  is  passing 
through  the  mass.  Owing  to  the  non-volatility  of  the 
silver  compounds  in  the  slimes,  the  loss  of  this  metal 
has  been  found  to  be  inappreciable.  The  zinc  con- 
tents of  the  slime  are  reduced  appreciably,  thus  ren- 
dering the  material  more  suitable  for  smelting.  After 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15, 1903. 


desulphurization  ceases,  a  few  days  are  allowed  for 
cooling  oft  On  the  breaking  up  of  the  mass  for  de- 
spatch to  the  smelters,  as  much  of  the  lower  portion 
of  the  walls  is  left  intact  as  possible,  so  that  it  can  be 
utilized  for  the  next  roast,  thus  avoiding  the  rebuild- 
ing of  the  whole  of  the  walls. 

Before  concluding,  I  wish  to  acknowledge  my  in- 
debtedness to  Mr.  Carmichael  for  his  assistance  in  the 
technical  portion  of  this  paper,  which  I  trust  will 
prove  to  be  not  without  interest. 

Drying  of  Peat. 

Written  by  G.  O.  Bartlett. 

The  question  of  drying  very  many  different  kinds  of 
materials,  such  as  concentrates,  coal,  sand,  clay, 
marl  and  all  similar  substances  is  getting  to  be  a  very 
important  factor  in  the  manufacture  of  products 
using  two  different  materials;  for  instance,  the  manu- 
facturer of  cement  first  wishes  to  reduce  his  clay  or 
even  crushed  stone  to  an  even  moisture,  so  that  he 
may  know  exactly  what  he  is  using.  He  wishes  to 
dry  to  a  certain  degree  or  per  cent  of  moisture  so 
that  the  material  is  always  the  same.  For  instance, 
clay  will  vary  all  the  way  from  15%  to  30%,  according 
to  weather  conditions;  coal  will  vary  according  to 
weather  conditions  from  5%  to  15%;  the  same  may  be 
said  of  sand.  It  is  very  seldom  that  sand  or  coal  will 
contain  15%,  but  there  are  times  after  a  very  severe 
rain  storm  that  the  rain  will  get  frozen  into  ice  after 
having  impregnated  the  coal,  causing  an  excessive 
degree  of  moisture  as  high  as  15%,  and  the  same  can 
be  said  of  sand. 

Almost  any  kind  of  material  can  be  dried.  The 
question  is,  What  will  it  cost  to  do  it  ?  For  instance, 
we  have  an  inquiry  to-day  for  the  necessary  ma- 
chinery for  drying  distillery  slops.  Now,  this 
material  contains  at  least  90%  moisture.  That  it  can 
be  dried  there  is  no  question,  but  the  cost  of  drying 
it  will  be  more  than  the  worth  of  the  material  after 
it  is  dried.  For  instance,  you  commence  with  ten 
tons  and  take  out  nine  tons  of  water,  which  leaves 
one  ton,  and  the  result  is  that  the  cost  will  be  more 
than  the  material  is  worth. 

We  lately  had  an  inquiry  for  drying  peat  in  large 
quantities.  In  fact,  we  are  getting  these  inquiries 
right  along.  A  person  wants  a  dryer  for  drying  100 
tons  of  peat  an  hour,  containing  80%  moisture  and 
reduced  to  5%  or  10%  moisture.  Now,  this  means 
that  starting  in  with  100  tons  of  peat  you  have  a  fin- 
ished product,  after  taking  out  at  least  75%  mois- 
ture, of  twenty-five  tons  of  dried  peat,  and  the  cost 
of  drying  depends  almost  entirely  upon  the  amount  of 
water  to  be  evaporated,  and  peat  being  a  cheap 
material,  the  cost  of  taking  out  80%  will  amount  to 
about  all  the  finished  product  is  worth.  This  is 
especially  true  of  peat,  for  the  reason  that  it  being 
of  a  combustible  nature,  must  be  handled  with  care 
and  will  not  allow  too  great  a  heat,  which  means  a 
greater  cost  of  drying. 

We  generally  calculate  that  one  pound  of  good 
bituminous  coal,  or  its  equivalent  used  for  fueling,  will 
evaporate  from  eight  to  ten  pounds  moisture.  There- 
fore, to  dry  100  tons  of  peat,  containing  75%  mois- 
ture, means  to  dry  out  seventy-five  tons  of  water, 
and  allowing  one  pound  of  coal  for  each  ten  pounds  of 
peat,  equals  no  less  than  7500  pounds  of  coal  to  dry 
it.  Of  course,  the  peat  is  an  exception;  that  is,  be- 
ing of  a  spongy  nature,  contains  a  very  large  amount 
of  water.  Taking  sand  or  concentrates,  the  amount 
of  moisture  would  run  on  an  average  from  8%  to  10%, 
and  in  drying  five  tons  an  hour  and  allowing  one 
pound  of  coal  for  every  ten  pounds  of  water  evapo- 
rated would  mean  1000  pounds  of  water,  which  would 
require  only  about  100  pounds  of  coal,  and  the  cost  of 
drying  is  very  small.  Same  may  be  said  of  drying 
coal.  But  whatever  is  dried,  the  cost  of  drying  it 
will  depend  largely  upon  the  amount  of  water  to  be 
evaporated.  Now  comes  the  different  kinds  of  driers, 
which  we  will  class  into  three  kinds: 

First — Direct  heat.  What  we  mean  by  direct 
heat  driers  is  where  the  heat  or  fire  is  applied  di- 
rectly under  material  to  be  dried,  and  the  rotary 
drier  is  usually  used  for  this  purpose.  The  material 
to  be  dried  is  placed  in  at  one  end  of  the  drier  and  a 
fire  similar  to  a  fire  under  a  boiler  is  made  directly 
under  it  which  heats  the  product  to  an  intense  heat, 
causing  it  to  dry  rapidly.  If  the  products  of  com- 
bustion will  not  injure  the  material  to  be  dried  by 
coming  in  contact  with  it,  they  can  be  passed  first 
underneath  and  around  the  drier  and  afterwards 
through  the  material  being  dried,  reducing  somewhat 
the  cost  of  drying,  for  the  reason  that  you  get  a 
little  better  results;  that  is,  you  get  all  the  heat 
that  there  is  in  the  coal  you  are  using.  On  the 
other  hand,  materials  like  peat  and  some  kinds  of 
clay  and  sand  would  not  allow  the  product  of 
combustion  to  pass  through  the  material,  then  the 
drying  must  all  be  done  from  the  outside,  and  the 
cost  of  drying  increased  accordingly. 

Second — The  next  style  of  drying  is  to  first  heat 
the  air,  either  with  a  coil  of  steam  pipe  or  with  direct 
heat,  and  then  pass  this  heated  air  through  the 
material  to  be  dried.  This  method  is  frequently  used 
in  drying  salt.  I  distinctly  remember  of  fitting  up  a 
small  cheap  drier  like  this  for  a  certain  chemical 
company  for  drying  what  I  call  epsom  salts.     They 


were  having  great  trouble  in  drying  them  and  had 
put  in  a  large  amount  of  steam  pipe  with  shelving 
over  the  pipes,  and  then  placed  the  salt  on  these 
shelves  to  be  dried,  but  with  very  poor  results,  for 
to  dry  economically  it  is  necessary  to  keep  the  ma- 
terial moving,  and  I  simply  took  a  large  common 
stove,  encased  it  with  a  sheet  iron  casing,  leaving  a 
place  open  for  firing  and  taking  out  the  ashes.  The 
common  stove  made  a  great  deal  of  heat,  which  was 
radiated  into  the  chamber  or  oven,  as  you  might  say. 
The  material  to  be  dried  was  placed  in  a  common 
wooden  cylinder  about  36  inches  in  diameter  and  16 
or  18  feet  long,  with  ribs  for  elevating  the  material 
up  and  dropping  it  down.  The  heat  was  taken  from 
this  oven  with  a  fan  and  passed  through  the  cylinder 
in  which  the  salt  was  placed.  It  was  a  great  success 
and  they  are  using  this  same  system  to-day. 

Third — Steam  drier.  The  steam  driers  are  very 
essential  in  some  places,  although  not  so  economical 
as  direct  heat,  for  the  reason  that  steam  pressure  of 
seventy-five  pounds  gives  only  about  300°  heat,  and 
100  pounds  gives  330°  of  heat,  and  this  is  inside  of 
the  cylinder,  which  means  considerable  less  tempera- 
ture on  the  outside,  where  the  material  to  be  dried 
must  necessarily  be.  Therefore,  steam  pressure  can- 
not be  as  economical  as  direct  heat.  Another  great 
danger  in  steam  driers  is  that  the  least  particle  of 
a  leak  is  a  very  serious  objection,  as  it  is  somewhat 
difficult  to  make  a  steam  drier  but  what  is  liable  to 
leak  somewhere,  especially  after  years  of  constant 
use.  The  continual  contraction  and  expansion  of 
steam  chambers  of  all  kinds  and  makes  is  very  severe 
on  joints,  rivets,  etc.,  and  only  with  the  very  best 
and  most  careful  care  can  slight  leaks  be  avoided. 


Chlorine  Smelting,  With  Electrolysis.* 

NUMBER   II— CONCLUDED. 

Written  by  James  Swinburne. 

As  to  cost  of  the  process,  the  first  thing  to  realize 
is  that  it  smelts  for  all  the  metallic  contents  of  the 
ore,  not  for  one  only;  that  all  the  metals  are  com- 
pletely extracted.  There  is  no  waste  by  fumes  or 
imperfect  extraction,  and  there  is  no  slag.  The 
gangue  looks  like  river  sand.  There  is  no  room  for 
loss.  All  that  comes  into  the  works  is  ore  and  elec- 
trical energy;  all  that  goes  out  is  pig  metal,  sulphur, 
gangue  and  oxides.  The  chlorine  goes  round  and 
round.  There  is  no  room  for  appreciable  waste  of 
chlorine  either.  A  leak  that  would  show  in  the  bal- 
ance sheet  would  make  the  works  uninhabitable. 
There  is,  however,  a  trace  of.  chlorine  in  the  iron 
oxide,  as  it  is  apt  to  contain  a  little  oxychloride. 
There  is  also  a  loss  in  collecting  the  hydrochloric  acid 
from  the  boiling  down  of  the  zinc  chloride.  A  little 
chlorine  must  therefore  be  added  to  the  stock.  This 
can  be  done  by  buying  crude  zinc  chloride,  or  galvan- 
izing pickle,  or  precipitating  calcium  chloride  with 
zinc  sulphate.  In  out-of-the-way  places  it  is  much 
simpler  to  buy  zinc  chloride,  as  it  is  more  portable 
than  hydrochloric  acid. 

It  may  be  said  that  a  process  for  such  a  problem 
must  be  a  maze  of  chemical  operations.  This  is  not 
the  case  here  at  all.  The  process  has  only  three 
simple  stages:  Transforming  sulphides  into  metallic 
chlorides  and  sulphur;  substituting  zinc  for  all  the 
other  metals  in  the  metallic  chlorides;  electrolyzing 
out  the  zinc  and  recovering  the  chlorine. 

Compare  this  with  ordinary  metallurgy.  To  describe 
the  metallurgy  of  a  single  metal  at  all  adequately 
requires  a  book.  Try  and  explain  even  most  super- 
ficially the  metallurgy  and  refining  of  argentiferous 
lead,  zinc  and  copper  to  anyone  quite  new  to  the  sub- 
ject in  the  few  pages  here  devoted  to  description, 
and  it  will  be  seen  how  simple  the  new  process  is. 
Add  to  the  description  of  the  metallurgy  of  these 
metals  an  account  of  the  refining  of  copper  and  zinc 
and  refining  and  desilverization  of  lead,  and  even 
then  you  have  only  half  done.  To  make  the  compari- 
sons equable,  you  must  give  an  account  of  the  con- 
centration and  separation  of  refractory  ores,  and 
give  a  description  of  methods  for  dealing  with  a 
mixed  ore  of  lead,  zinc,  silver,  iron  and  copper. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  though  the  steps  in  the 
new  process  sound  unfamiliar  to  ordinarily  trained 
metallurgists,  it  is  in  comparison  ludicrously  simple. 
But  there  is  even  more  than  this:  The  new  process 
treats  ores,  whose  smelting  by  ordinary  processes 
cannot  be  described,  even  with  unlimited  complica- 
tions, because  they  are  at  present  untreatable. 

As  to  costs,  everything  depends  on  what  ore  is 
used  and  where  it  is  used.  The  most  obvious  course 
is  to  work  on  refractory  ores  which  are  otherwise 
valueless,  but  leave  large  metal  contents.  The  cost 
of  the  ore  delivered  at  the  works  is  then  known. 
Thus  even  in  England  blue-stone  ore  can  be  bought 
and  delivered  at  from  £2  10s  to  £3  a  ton,  ready  for 
running  into  the  transformer.  The  metal  content  is 
£8  16s,  taking  zinc  at  £20,  lead  at  £12,  and  silver  at 
2s.  If  higher  prices  can  be  maintained  for  pure 
metals,  of  course  the  content  must  be  taken  at  a 
higher  value.  This  figure  includes  all  valuable  con- 
tents. 

The  cost  of  the  intermediate  process  is  difficult  to 
state,  as  it  is  a  question  of  locality  and  labor.     The 

*  Abstract  from  Trans.  Faraday  Sooiety. 


capital  in  this  part  of  the  process  is  small,  but  in  the 
estimates  heavy  allowance  has  been  made  for  de- 
terioration and  all  other  contingencies.  On  the 
other  hand  the  conversion,  which  alone  is  a  new  sort 
of  chemical  experience,  is  extremely  simple  and  easy. 
The  intermediate  processes  depend  on  the  ore. 
Thus,  if  there  is  no  copper,  part  is  cut  out  alto- 
gether. If  there  is  no  iron,  by  which  I  mean  not 
even  enough  to  hurt  the  zinc,  the  transformer  prod- 
uct would  not  be  dealt  with  in  the  wet  way  at  all. 
The  wet  way  is  to  get  rid  of  iron  and  manganese, 
and  to  get  out  copper.  Lead  and  silver  can  be  got 
out  by  substitution  in  the  fused  state  with  great 
ease,  but  copper  has  too  high  a  melting  point,  and  is 
therefore  taken  out  by  the  wet  process. 

To  make  a  very  safe  estimate,  the  cost  of  all  the 
process  except  the  energy  for  electrolysis  may  be 
taken  at  a  rough  figure  of  30s  per  ton  of  ore.  This 
will  easily  cover  all  depreciation,  a  small  percentage 
on  capital,  all  labor  and  management.  As  the 
process  uses  ores  with  about  half  the  contents  metal- 
lic, though  it  can  work  with  half  sulphides,  this 
means  about  30s  per  ton  of  chloride  of  zinc  handled. 
Most  of  this  work  is  pure  circulation,  agitation  and 
filtration,  all  cheap  processes.  The  solution  is  not 
bulky,  as  it  is  used  as  strong  as  the  filter  press 
cloths  will  stand.  Evaporating  down  and  prelimin- 
ary electrolysis  are  the  most  expensive  parts  of  the 
process,  and  they  are  not  serious.  The  loss  of  chlo- 
rine, which  has  not  yet  been  determined,  may  be 
taken  as  costing  about  Is  a  ton  of  ore  for  every  1% 
of  chlorine  wasted,  if  it  is  made  up  by  buying  chlo- 
ride of  zinc.  If  it  is  made  up  by  hydrochloric  acid  or 
calcium  chloride,  which  is  far  cheaper  where  there  is 
no  carriage  difficulty,  the  cost  is  about  half  that  of 
zinc  chloride.  This  loss  of  chlorine  is  included  in  the 
30s  a  ton  of  ore,  and  in  the  estimates  to  follow,  as 
power  is  taken  at  prices  in  England  where  it  is  not 
cheap,  we  may  assume  we  can  get  calcium  chloride 
cheap.  This  does  not  complicate  the  estimate  by 
showing  a  zinc  output  a  little  higher  than  the  intake 
in  the  ore. 

The  cost  of  energy  is  very  easily  determined.  If  it 
is  generated  by  steam  engines  of  high  grade  in  this 
country  in  a  convenient  district  it  may  be  taken  as 
0.25  per  kilowatt-hour,  including  depreciation,  coal, 
oil,  repairs,  labor  and  management,  and  a  small  in- 
terest on  capital.  This  is  a  close  estimate,  but  one 
which  can  be  realized  on  large  plants  running  day 
and  night  on  uniform  full  loads.  The  cost  by  pro- 
ducer gas  and  gas  engines  is  somewhat  uncertain;  it 
may  be  taken  at  0.125,  though  that  is  probably  a 
very  tight  figure.  Water  power  in  a  favorable  situ- 
ation may  be  taken  at  0.085.  This  refers  to  water 
powers  such  as  on  the  way  down  from  the  American 
lakes  to  the  sea.  It  is  for  a  works  planted  close  to 
the  generators,  and  does  not  cover  rotary  trans- 
formers or  step-down  plant. 

As  to  capital  cost,  it  is  difficult  to  say  how  much 
the  plant  for  any  particular  case  will  cost,  as  it  de- 
pends on  the  ore  to  be  smelted,  and  local  conditions. 
It  is  therefore  wise  to  allow  a  large  margin  on  all  the 
plant  of  a  new  description,  and  a  large  margin  is 
left  in  the  30s  a  ton  for  depreciation,  repairs,  etc. 
The  electrical  generating  plant  is  a  different  matter, 
however.  A  large  installation  may  be  taken  at  an 
outside  figure  of  £25  per  kilowatt,  including  build- 
ings and  spares.  In  this  case  there  is  no  accidental 
overloading,  as  in  light  and  power  distribution  sta- 
tions, so  that  £25  a  kilowatt  includes  spares  by  over- 
loading and  separate  plant. 

The  idea  of  risk  profits  is  this:  Any  new  process 
such  as  this,  however  satisfactory  the  results  so  far, 
involves  risks  of  failure.  There  are  many  chances  of 
difficulties  in  working  on  a  still  larger  scale,  and 
chances  of  new  and  better  processes  coming  out. 
The  last  chance  is  probably  small,  because  the 
various  problems  of  smelting  copper,  lead,  zinc,  anti- 
mony, tin,  etc.,  have  all  been  before  the  world  for 
many  years,  and  a  new  process  that  bids  fair  to 
solve  all  of  them  in  a  new  way  is  not  likely  to  be 
superseded  as  regards  many  of  them  by  something 
else,  though  it  might  be  as  regards  one  of  them. 
The  only  risk  is  that  of  all  new  processes — unfore- 
seen difficulties  or  expenses.  The  present  process 
is  too  far  advanced  to  leave  many  loopholes,  but  even 
then  experience  of  other  industries  shows  that  it  is 
not  wise  to  embark  in  a  new  scheme  unless,  after  the 
most  searching  criticism,  the  profits  on  paper  are  so 
large  as  to  leave  a  very  wide  margin.  But  to  get  a 
fair  idea,  it  is  obvious  that  capital  in  steam  gener- 
ating plant,  or  in  sites,  must  not  all  be  counted  in  as 
expecting  what  are  here  called  risk  profits. 

When  treating  ore  having  very  little  gangue,  it 
might  be  worth  while  to  dilute  it  with  poor  copper 
ore,  especially  if  the  copper  ore  contains  some  other 
metal,  such  as  zinc,  antimony,  nickel  or  precious 
metal.  Thus  if  the  ore  has  only  10%  of  gangue,  and 
a  low-grade  copper  with  Z%  of  copper,  5%  of  zinc, 
and  5%  of  iron,  has  some  80%  of  rock;  for  every  ton 
of  the  rich  ore  more  than  a  ton  of  this  poor  ore  could 
be  run  through  too.  The  works  would  then  deal  with 
100,000  tons  of  this  poor  ore  with  very  little  extra 
capital  cost  or  expense,  as  it  is  nearly  all  rock, 
which  is  eliminated  near  the  beginning  of  the  process. 
A  little  more  than  £1  10s  a  ton  for  the  process 
should  have  been  allowed  for  the  rich  ore,  and  a  poor 
ore  takes  a  great  deal  less. 

Discussing  the  different  metals  in  order: 

Antimony. — This  metal  is  easily  extracted  from 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


100 


the  sulphide  either  as  brown  sulphide  or  as  oxide, 
preferably  as  oxide.  It  can  also  be  got  out  as  regu- 
lus  by  reduction.  It  does  not  matter  whether  the 
antimony  is  mixed  up  with  other  metals  or  alone. 

Arsenic. — This  is  essentially  the  same  as  antimony. 
Like  it,  its  sulphide  is  easily  converted  into  chloride. 
It  can  be  equally  easily  treated  when  it  is  an  arsen- 
ide of  other  metals.  The  chief  difficulty  of  antimony 
and  arsenic  arises  from  the  poisonous  nature  of  their 
volatile  chlorides.     We  have  done  little  with  arsenic. 

Bismuth. — This  is  a  small  question.  Bismuth  would 
be  easy  to  deal  with,  as  it  falls  out  of  solution  as  oxy- 
chloride. 

Cobalt. — This  comes  out  as  oxide;  if  nickel  is  also 
present,  the  nickel  and  cobalt  and  iron,  and  perhaps 
manganese,  have  to  be  separated  in  the  wet  way. 
There  is  nothing  special  about  the  problem. 

Copper. — This  comes  out  of  the  transformer  as 
cuprous  chloride,  which  is  soluble  in  the  other  chlo- 
rides. It  is  deposited  as  cement  copper  by  zinc,  not 
iron.  The  process  will  handle  ordinary  high-grade 
copper  ores  successfully,  as  any  other  metal,  except 
iron  or  manganese,  is  extracted  separately  as  metal 
too.  The  copper  is,  of  course,  free  from  sulphur, 
arsenic,  iron,  antimony,  phosphorus,  silver,  etc. 
Copper  can  be  equally  cheaply  extracted  from  arsen- 
ical or  antimonial  ores,  in  fact  the  ores  may  have 
arsenic,  antimony,  zinc,  lead,  iron,  nickel,  gold,  sil- 
ver, cobalt,  or  anything  else,  and  they  are  all  sepa- 
rately extracted  without  appreciable  extra  cost. 
Poor  copper  ores  will  either  be  concentrated,  or  run 
in  with  other  richer  stuff. 

Gold. — When  present  in  copper,  lead  or  other  such 
ores,  the  gold  comes  out  with  the  silver.  Gold  in 
conjunction  with  antimony,  arsenic,  tellurium,  and 
small  quantities  (per  ton)  of  common  metals,  can  be 
treated  as  a  low-grade  ore  and  run  in  with  any  rich 
mixed  or  other  sulphide,  such  as  lead,  zinc,  or  even 
rich  copper  ore  or  matte.  It  is  largely  a  question  of 
carriage,  and  what  ores  are  near  each  other  and 
near  the  works. 

Iron. — This  metal  occurs  in  zinc  and  copper  ores, 
and  comes  out  as  oxide.  This  oxide  is  reckoned  as 
£2  a  ton,  and  is  useful  as  a 
paint.  The  value  depends  on 
the  tint,  and  this  depends  on  the 
way  it  is  worked  up,  a  matter 
we  have  not  studied.  Good 
oxide  fetches  high  prices,  up  to 
£15  or  £20  per  ton,  but  the  sale 
is  very  limited.  Assuming  the 
lowest  price,  £2  is  not  too  much 
to  count  upon  for  paint  for  pre- 
serving iron  structures  where 
color  is  not  an  object.  The  ex- 
traction of  iron  itself  is  a  differ- 
ent question.  It  would  come 
down  as  a  powder  from  the  fused 
chloride,  and  would  have  to  be 
fused  together.  It  would  prob- 
ably cost  something  under  £10 
a  ton.  It  may  prove  that  chem- 
ically pure  iron,  with  no  trace 
of  phosphorus,  sulphur,  silicon, 
or  manganese,  or  other  impur- 
ity, is  well  worth  £10  a  ton  for 
making  special  steels. 

Manganese. — This  metal,  like 
iron,  is  a  drawback  in  an  ore, 
as  it  comes  out  as  dioxide, 
which  is  not  valuable,  though 
the  sale  of  the  manganese  from 
such  an  ore  as  Broken  Hill 
slimes  is  worth  considering. 

Nickel. — This  is  much  the  same  as  cobalt  as  far  as 
the  process  goes.  It  comes  out  of  the  transformer 
as  nickel  chloride. 

Silver. — The  silver  comes  out  separately — that  is 
to  say,  it  is  extracted  from  a  lead  ore  as  a  rich  lead- 
silver  alloy.  From  copper  ores  it  is  precipitated  by 
cement  copper  from  the  solution  of  the  chloride.  Or 
it  may  be  thrown  down  by  the  Claudet  method. 

Tin. — Tin  ores  can  be  added  to  the  charge  of  the 
transformer,  or  treated  alone.  There  is  nothing 
peculiar  about  it. 

Zinc. — Has  been  fully  discussed.  Zinc  need  not 
exist  in  the  ore  worked. 

As  it  is  not  possible  to  give  a  series  of  estimates 
for  all  the  innumerable  complex  ores,  it  may  be  well 
to  give  an  approximate  rule  which  can  be  applied  to 
any  ore. 

Rule  foe  Capital  Required. — For  each  ton  of  ore 
per  annum  to  be  treated  allow: 

Zinc £0.1    per  unit. 

Copper 0.05    "      " 

Lead 0.03   "      " 

And  for  other  metals  which  are  extracted  in  the 
metallic  state,  in  proportion,  inversely  as  their 
equivalents.  Metals  like  iron  and  manganese  or 
antimony,  which  are  extracted  as  oxides,  do  not 
count.  This  gives  a  very  rough  idea  of  capital 
necessary  for  process  plant  and  working  capital.  If 
steam  or  gas  generating  plant  is  to  be  put  down, 
double  this  capital. 


Electricity  in  Placer  flining. 

Written  by  J.  E   JOHNSTON. 

The  development  of  the  mineral  resources  of  Colo- 
rado has  been  very  materially  aided  in  many  instances 
by  the  utilization  of  the  energy  of  her  mountain 
streams,  electricity  being  the  main  medium  of  appli- 
!  cation.  The  intermittent  character  of  the  flow  of 
those  streams,  however,  has  been  a  serious  draw- 
back to  the  extended  use  of  water  power  in  this  sec- 
tion of  the  Rocky  mountains.  Still,  for  some  pur- 
poses, this  is  not  so  great  an  obstacle  as  might  at 
first  seem.  This  is  especially  so  in  the  case  of  placer 
mining,  which  can  only  be  prosecuted  during  the 
summer  months,  at  which  time  even  the  most  insig- 
nificant of  these  streams  becomes  a  torrent. 

The  Goldpan  M.  Co.  of  Breckenridge,  Colo.,  is  said 
to  have  the  largest  placer  mining  plant  in  the  State. 
This  plant,  outside  of  the  direct  application  of  water 
under  pressure  to  the  washing  of  the  gravel,  and  ele- 
vating the  same  from  the  pit,  is  largely  operated  by 
electricity. 

Spruce  creek,  5  miles  above  the  present  scene  of 
operations,  is  the  source  of  power.  This  is  diverted 
from  its  natural  channel  and  conveyed  to  the  pres- 
sure box  by  means  of  a  ditch  some  2  miles  long.  From 
the  pressure  box  to  the  generating  station  the  water 
is  conveyed  in  a  steel  pipe  of  varying  diameter  and 
thickness  to  suit  requirements.  The  total  effective 
head  is  425  feet,  and  the  working  pressure  about  206 
pounds. 

The  generating  plant  consists  of  two  200  K.W., 
alternating  current,  Westinghouse  generators,  deliv- 
ering 2-phase  current  at  440  volts,  and  direct  con- 
nected to  two  Pelton  water  wheels. 

The  arrangement  of  these  generators  and  wheels 
is  novel.  The  wheels  are  set  as  closely  together  as 
possible  to  allow  their  extended  shafts  to  pass  each 
other.  The  shafts  are  thus  parallel,  and  of  the  same 
length  and  4  feet  apart.     On  one  end  of  each  shaft  is 


Mining  offers  more  attractive  and  better  oppor- 
tunities for  investment  than  any  other  industry,  for 
mining  is  not  yet  controlled  by  a  trust. 


Sub-station  of  Goldpan  Mining  Co.,  Breckenridge,  Colo. 


mounted  a  half  of  a  flexible  coupling  of  the  leathar- 
link  type.  At  each  end  of  this  arrangement  is  placed 
a  generator  which  by  a  tension  screw  and  guides  can 
be  placed  so  that  its  half  coupling  can  engage  with 
either  shaft.  Normally  one  generator  will  be  used 
on  each,  wheel,  but  the  plan  allows  either  wheel  to  be 
operated  with  either  generator,  and  provides  for 
emergencies  that  otherwise  could  not  be  met. 

Two  exciters,  each  of  capacity  sufficient  to  excite 
both  generators,  are  provided.  They  are  direct  con- 
nected each  to  a  suitable  Pelton  wheel. 

As  a  portion  of  the  current  generated  is  used  in 
lighting  the  town  of  Breckenridge,  and  the  remain- 
der is  applied  to  motor  work  of  an  intermittent 
nature,  the  switchboard  is  provided  with  two  sets  of 
busbars,  which  allows  of  either  multiple  or  separate 
running.  This  board  is  of  blue  Vermont  marble,  pro- 
vided with  a  full  line  of  measuring  instruments  of  the 
long  scale  type. 

The  raising  transformers  are  located  in  a  separate 
building.  The  line  pressure  is  10,000  volts,  3-phase, 
it  being  the  intention  to  ultimately  cover  greater 
transmission  distances  than  now  used. 

The  line  is  of  No.  5  copper,  two  circuits  of  three 
wires  each,  of  one  set  of  poles.  Glass  insulators  are 
used. 

The  principal  use  in  mining  to  which  the  power  is 
applied  is  the  driving  of  pumps,  lighting  the  pit,  etc. 
Two  electrically  driven  portable  cranes  are  used  in 
moving  larger  boulders.  These  cranes  are  of  the 
boom  type,  and  are  equipped  with  variable  speed 
alternating  current  motors  capable  of  exerting 
30  H.  P.  One  150  H.  P.  constant  speed  motor 
is  used  to  drive  a  centrifugal  pump  and  assists 
in  keeping  the  pit  dry.  There  is  also  a  well-equipped 
machine  shop  driven  by  a  50  H.  P.  constant  speed 


motor.     In  this  shop  were  made  the  large  wrought 
steel  water  mains  used  in  the  placer  system. 

Distribution  of  current  is  made  to  these  motors  in 
220  or  440  volts,  according  to  location,  from  a  sub- 
station at  Breckenridge.  The  lighting  of  the  town 
is  from  2200-volt  mains  from  the  same  sub-station. 


Placer  flining  in  Southern  Oregon.* 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Dennis  H.  Stovall,  b.s. 

Placer  mining  in  southern  Oregon  several  years 
ago  passed  the  romantic  stage,  and  has  resolved 
itself  to  a  conservative  industry,  and  the  many  large 
hydraulic  mines  that  are  now  robbing  the  old  chan- 
nels and  auriferous  hills  in  the  southern  Oregon  placer 
fields  of  their  gold  are  conducted  on  business  meth- 
ods. The  numerous  auriferous  deposits  in  the  many 
streams,  the  mild  winters,  and  the  absence  of  restrict- 
ing mining  laws,  make  southern  Oregon  an  ideal  min- 
ing region.  Beds  of  ancient  channels  are  found  along 
the  rivers  and  streams.  It  is  in  the  gravel  of 
these  ancient  channels  that  the  hydraulic  mines 
are  located.  The  dirt,  the  gravel  and  the  decom- 
posed matter  of  these  old  channels  are  all  auriferous 
in  depth  from  8  to  200  feet. 

It  requires  capital,  skill  and  much  labor  to  prop- 
erly equip  a  southern  Oregon  hydraulic  mine.  After 
the  diggings  have  been  successfully  tested  by  thor- 
ough prospecting,  the  next  important  problem  is  the 
water  supply.  (See  illustration,  front  page  .)  From 
the  headwaters  of  the  nearest  stream  the  water  is 
conveyed  around  steep  mountain  sides  in  ditches  that 
require  in  places  as  much  work  to  construct  as  would 
a  railroad.  Long  flumes,  trestled  high,  lead  the 
water  across  deep  canyons  and  gulches,  and  in  many 
instances  long  tunnels  are  driven  through  mountains. 
After  10,  20  or  30  winding  miles  the  water  is  brought 
to  the  reservoir  on  a  hilltop  several  hundred  feet 
above  the  diggings.  The  steel  pipes  lead  down  to  the 
diggings  from  th9  reservoir  and,  forking,  branch  off 
in  smaler  pipes  to  the  several  giants. 

As  the  amount  of  mining  done  is  dependent  upon 
the  water  supply — other  things  being  equal — that 
miner  who  has  the  best  supply  for  the  longest  season 
is  the  most  fortunate.  This  fact,  and  the  recognition 
of  it,  has  brought  about  many  important  improve- 
ments in  the  matter  of  hydraulic  mining  equipment 
in  southern  Oregon  in  recent  years.  Placer  miners 
are  enlarging  their  ditches,  building  bigger  and  bet- 
ter reservoirs,  and  doiDg  all  possible  to  keep  up  a 
"  pipe  head  "  as  late  in  the  summer  as  possible.  For- 
merly a  large  number — in  fact,  nearly  all — of  the 
placers  were  obliged  to  close  down  early  in  March  or 
April.  Now  many  of  the  larger  ones  operate  their 
giants  night  and  day  till  June  and  July,  and  a  few 
during  the  day  throughout  the  summer.  One  mining 
company,  operating  on  Galice  creek,  is  now  at  work 
building  two  storage  reservoirs  at  the  head  of  their 
ditch,  that  the  giants  may  be  supplied  a  steady  and 
constant  flow  all  summer. 

As  the  amount  of  placer  ground  which  a  majority 
of  the  mines  possess  is  very  large,  the  question  of 
getting  the  greatest  returns  for  the  labor  and  capi- 
tal invested  resolves  itself  to  the  matter  of  keeping 
the  giants  turned  on  the  gravel  banks  continually. 
Closely  allied  with  this  is  the  saving  of  the  gold  after 
the  gravel  is  disintegrated,  and  sluices  are  so  con- 
structed that  with  a  system  of  undercurrents  not 
only  the  coarse  gold  is  caught,  but  also  the  flour 
gold,  only  a  very  small  percentage  of  the  dust-like 
particles  escaping.  Hungarian  riffles,  block  riffles, 
crossbar  riffles,  pole  riffles  and  the  ordinary  bedrock 
riffles  are  employed  in  the  sluices  to  catch  the  gold. 
The  natural  rock  riffle  in  the  bedrock  race  proves  to 
be  one  of  the  best  for  catching  gold,  and  it  is  here  that 
nearly  all  of  the  nuggets  and  much  of  the  finer  gold 
are  found.  The  sluice  boxes  are  arranged  at  the  end 
of  the  bedrock  race.  Specially  prepared  crossbar 
riffles,  made  of  steel,  fit  in  the  bottom  of  the 
sluices,  and  are  the  most  used  by  the  hydraulic  min- 
ers of  this  section.  Farther  on,  down  toward  the 
dump,  the  last  opportunity  of  catching  the  gold  is 
utilized  by  block  and  pole  riffles.  The  undercurrents 
are  placed  alongside  the  sluice  boxes  and  so  arranged 
that  the  water,  black  sand  and  finer  particles  are 
drawn  off  and  spread  out  over  a  broad  riffle  table, 
where  the  sand  and  fine  gold  particles  settle. 

For  night  work  the  larger  mines  have  a  score  or, 
more  of  arc  lights  suspended  over  the  diggings. 
These  are  run  by  the  mine's  electric  light  plant. 
Others  use  locomotive  headlights,  stationed  conven- 
iently about  the  grounds. 

After  the  first  expense  of  buying  and  equipping 
the  mine,  it  costs  at  the  most  favorably  situated 
mines  from  1}  to  5  cents  a  yard  to  hydraulic  in  south- 
ern Oregon.  The  gravel  generally  pays  from  6  to 
20  cents  a  yard.  The  average  is  between  8  and  12 
cents.     Giants  pay  from  $75  to  $100  a  day  each.  _ 

All  placer  ground  in  this  section  is  what  the  miner 
calls  "spotted" — the  values  are  not  regularly  dis- 
tributed. All,  however,  are  possessed  of  the  same 
characteristics.  On  the  bottom,  next  the  bedrock, 
are  the  boulders,  the  nuggets  and  coarse  gold.  Above 
this  is  the  finer  gravel   and  dirt,  lying  in  strata  of 

*  See  Illustrations  on  front  page. 


101 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15,  1903. 


blue  and  gray.     Still  above  this  is  the  capping  of  red 
clay,  which  carries  values  in  flour  gold. 

"Clean-up,"  as  the  miners  term  it,  usually  comes 
at  the  end  of  the  season,  when  there  is  no  longer  suf- 
ficient water  to  supply  the  giants  with  a  full  pipe 
head.  The  bedrock  race  is  first  swept  clean  and 
every  particle  of  the  precious  metal  gathered  up. 
The  riffles  are  then  lifted  from  the  sluices,  thoroughly 
rinsed  and  laid  aside.  With  a  small  stream  of  water 
flowing  through,  the  mass  of  gold  and  dirt  on  the 
sluice  floor  is  swept  gently  to  and  fro  with  a  brush 
broom.  The  dirt  and  refuse  are  carried  away  by 
water  and  flow  off  over  the  dump,  revealing  the 
black  sand  and  the  gold  particles  in  the  bottom.  The 
gold  is  held  as  an  amalgam  by  the  quicksilver  that  is 
sprinkled  frequently  into  the  sluices  during  the  pro- 
cess of  mining.  The  coarser  pieces  are  first  gathered 
up  and  the  remaining  mass  swept  into  piles,  scooped 
up  and  put  into  strong  bags  or  glass  jars.  This  done, 
the  gold  is  ready  for  the  refinery  and  mint. 


Notes  on  the  Hetallurgy  of  Copper 
of  flontana.* 


NUMBER  III. 


Written  by  H.  O.  Hofman. 


The  36-foot  furnace  does  better  work  than  the  first 
one  built,  which  has  the  same  width  of  hearth  (viz., 

6  feet)  but  is  only  30  feet  in  diameter.  If,  neverthe- 
less, the  tonnage  appears  to  be  comparatively  low, 
and  the  percentage  of  sulphur  left  in  the  roasted  ore 
somewhat  high,  this  must  be  attributed  to  the  large 
amount  of  zinc  present. 

In  the  double-deck  furnaces  in  which  tije  ore,  fed 
on  the  upper  hearth,  drops  through  a  slot  in  the  roof 
onto  the  lower  hearth,  the  floor  of  the  upper  hearth 
and  the  roof  of  the  lower  hearth  are  separated  by  an 
air  space  2  feet  high.  A  furnace  with  a  6-foot  hearth 
(area  1010  square  feet)  treats  in  twenty-four  hours 
30  tons  of  concentrates  (59  pounds  per  square  foot  of 
hearth  area)  containing  Cu  12%,  Zn  8%,  S  35%,  Fe 
25%,  As  3%,  Si03  16%,  Ag  20  ounces  per  ton,  with  a 
reduction  of  the  sulphur  to  6%  to  7%,  400  pounds  of 
coal  being  burned  per  ton  of  ore. 

A  furnace  with  a  7-foot  hearth  (area  121,829 
square  feet)  treats  42  tons  (69  pounds  per  square 
foot  hearth  area)  with  a  similar  elimination  of  the 
sulphur  and  a  fuel  consumption  of  182  pounds  per  ton 
of  ore  treated. 

Comparing  the  pounds  of  ore  roasted  per  square 
foot  of  hearth  area  in  the  two  furnaces  (59  and  69 
pounds),  an  improvement  of  15%  in  favor  of  the  7- 
foot  hearth  is  seen.  The  degree  of  desulphurization 
is  about  the  same  in  the  two  furnaces.  The  consump- 
tion of  fuel,  however,  has  been  reduced  from  400  to 
182  pounds,  or  55%.  The  labor  required  to  fire  a 
single-deck  furnace  is  the  same  as  with  the  double- 
deck,  and  that  for  supplying  ore  and  fuel  and  remov- 
ing roasted  ore  and  ashes  from  one  double-deck  fur- 
nace is,  of  course,  smaller  than  from  two  furnaces 
with  single  hearths.  Thus  the  double-deck  furnace 
is  a  decided  improvement  over  the  single  hearth  as 
long,  be  it  understood,  as  ores  are  treated  which  do 
not  frit  or  form  accretions  on  the  hearth. 

The  six- deck  furnace  resembles  the  double-deck 
furnace  in  the  stirring  mechanism,  and  with  it  the 
passage  of  ore  and  gases.  It  has  one  fireplace  (3 
feet  by  3  feet  2  inches)  on  the  top  hearth,  and  one  4 
feet  3  inches  by  3  feet  2  inches  on  the  bottom  hearth. 

It  differs  from  the  double-deck  furnace  in  the  num- 
ber of  hearths,  six  vs.  two  ;  in  the  fact  that  there 
are  no  air  spaces  between  the  superimposed  hearths, 
the  roof  of  one  forming  the  floor  of  the  next  one  above, 
and  that  the  portions  of  the  inner  wall  above  the 
horizontal  slots  of  hearths  one  to  five  have  cantilever 
supports,  with  trussed  cords  projecting  from  the 
central  column.  This  makes  rather  a  complicated 
structure,  requiring  a  large  number  of  iron  parts  of 
various  sizes,  some  of  considerable  weight.  The  iron 
parts  of  the  furnace  weigh  165  tons.  The  furnace  is 
32  feet  in  diameter  and  20  feet  9  inches  high.  The 
hearths,  7  feet  wide,  are  2  feet  9}  inches  from  roof  to 
roof,  which  is  4J  inches  thick.  The  sand  filling  form- 
ing the  working  hearth  is  5  inches  thick  at  the  crown 
of  the  roof  and  12  inches  at  the  sides.  The  distance 
from  the  working  hearth  to  the  inner  slot  (protected 
by  1-inch  castings)  is  6  inches,  and  to  the  springings 
of  the  arch  16  inches.  The  rise  of  the  arch  is  8 
inches.  A  hearth  has  four  stirring  arms,  making 
one  revolution  in  sixty-five  seconds.  The  horizontal 
flues  in  the  outer  walls  are  omitted,  through  which 
air  passes  in  the  older  furnaces,  in  order  to  be 
warmed  and  admitted  to  the  surface  of  the  roasting 
ore.  Around  the  furnaces  are  platforms  to  facilitate 
access  to  the  hearths.  The  moist  concentrates, 
dumped  into  the  shoe  of  a  bucket  elevator,  are  raised 
to  the  top  of  the  furnaces  and  discharged  into  a  hop- 
per, partly  closed  at  the  bottom,  by  a  corrugated 
roller  feed.    This  delivers  into  a  slot,  8  inches  wide  by 

7  feet  long,  in  the  roof  of  the  top  hearth.  The  fur- 
nace roasts  56  tons  of  ore  in  twenty  hours,  or  38 
pounds  per  square  foot  of  hearth  area.  It  makes  4% 
of  flue  dust  on  the  weight  of  the  ore  charged,  and 
requires  28.5  pounds  of  slack  coal  per  ton  of  ore. 
The  quality  of  the  work  is  similar  to  that  of  the 
double-deck  furnace.    The  amount  of  ore  roasted  per 

*Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


square  foot  of  hearth  is  a  great  deal  smaller,  but  the 
saving  of  fuel  is  much  larger.  The  low  fuel  consump- 
tion brings  out  in  a  striking  way  the  benefits  that 
are  derived  by  diminishing;  the  loss  of  heat  by  radia- 
tion. 

The  MacDougall  furnace  is  a  vertical  cylindrical 
furnace  with  arched  horizontal  hearths  having  dis- 
charge openings  alternately  near  the  center  and 
periphery,  and  a  central  revolving  shaft  with  hori- 
zontal radial  stirring  arms,  which  are  provided  with 
teeth  placed  at  an  angle  to  the  arm.  The  teeth  of 
the  arms  on  the  even-numbered  hearths  are  set  in  a 
direction  opposite  to  that  of  the  odd-numbered.  Thus 
on  the  odd-numbered  hearths  they  push  the  ore 
toward  the  center,  and  on  the  even-numbered  toward 
the  side.  The  ore,  fed  mechanically  onto  the  furnace, 
is  delivered  continuously  onto  the  outer  edge  of  the 
first  hearth,  when  the  teeth  of  the  stirring  arm  turn 
it  over  and  work  it  toward  the  center,  where  it  drops 
through  an  annular  opening  onto  the  second  hearth. 
The  arms  of  this,  turning  the  ore  over  and  over,  will 
convey  it  slowly  to  the  openings  near  the  periphery, 
through  which  it  drops  onto  the  third  hearth,  and  so 
on  until  it  arrives  on  the  closed  bottom,  where  it  falls 
through  drop  holes  into  a  hopper. 

The  ore,  spread  evenly  over  the  hearth,  thus  trav- 
els in  zigzag  through  the  furnace,  passing  from 
periphery  to  center,  and  vice  versa.  It  is  warmed 
at  the  top  of  the  furnace  ;  it  then  ignites  and  burns 
freely,  and,  lastly,  most  of  the  sulphates  formed  are 
decomposed  lower  down.  The  air  necessary  for  oxi- 
dation is  admitted  through  doors  in  the  side,  most  of 
it  entering  on  the  bottom  hearth.  The  gases,  and 
with  them  the  dust,  pass  upward  through  the  ore- 
discharge  openings  and  are  drawn  off  through  pipes 
in  the  roof.  In  starting,  the  furnace  has  to  be 
heated  up  to  the  kindling  temperature  of  the  ore, 
which,  if  rich  enough  in  sulphur,  will  burn  of  its  own 
accord,  without  the  use  of  any  carbonaceous  fuel.  If 
too  low  in  sulphur,  the  heat  necessary  for  successful 
roasting  has  to  be  supplied  by  one  or  more  external 
fireplaces. 

Three  kinds  of  MacDougall  furnaces  interest  us 
here — the  original  MacDougall,  the  Herreshoff  and 
the  Evans-Klepetko. 

The  original  MacDougall  furnace  was  patented  by 
MacDougall  Bros,  in  the  beginning  of  the  seventies, 
and  was  in  operation  in  Liverpool,  England,  burning 
pyrites  to  furnish  sulphurous  gases  for  the  manufac- 
ture of  sulphuric  acid.  It  had  to  be  abandoned  on 
account  of  the  large  amount  of  flue  dust  formed 
and  the  many  mechanical  difficulties  encountered. 
The  furnace,  6  feet  diameter  and  12  feet  high,  was 
built  of  seven  cast  iron  cylinders  bolted  together  and 
had  six  closed  chambers.  A  2  H.  P.  engine  was  suf- 
ficient to  drive  the  mechanism.  The  furnace  roasted 
in  twenty-four  hours  3£  tons  of  pyrites,  or  0.020  ton 
per  square  foot  of  hearth  area,  reducing  the  sulphur 
to  2%. 

The  Herreshoff  furnaces  in  operation  at  Butte  have 
a  i-inch  steel  casing.  They  are  10  feet  10  inches  in 
diameter  and  11  feet  6  inches  in  height,  and  are  lined 
with  a  full  course  of  red  brick.  A  few  furnaces  built 
of  two  full  courses  of  brick  and  only  hooped  with  iron 
bands  are  doing  better  work  in  cold  weather  than 
the  furnaces  sheeted  and  lined  with  a  single  course, 
thus  showing  that  with  ores  running  low  in  sulphur, 
when  heat  has  to  be  husbanded,  an  18-inch  side  wall 
has  its  advantages.  A  furnace  has  five  arched  brick 
hearths,  4J  inches  thick  and  12  and  13  inches  apart. 
The  pitch  of  the  arch  is  4£  inches.  A  current  of  air 
passes  through  the  hollow  central  revolving  shaft, 
which  is  14  inches  in  diameter.  The  hollow  horizontal 
cast  iron  stirring  arms,  two  to  a  hearth,  have  seven 
and  eight  teeth,  respectively.  They  are  easily  ex- 
changed when  worn  out. 

The  top  hearth  acts  as  a  drier  ;  the  second  starts 
the  roasting ;  on  the  third  the  ore  roasts  freely — in- 
numerable sparks  are  seen  ;  on  the  fourth  there  are 
no  sparks,  and  on  the  fifth  floor  the  ore  looks  dark. 
A  furnace,  with  its  shaft  making  fifty  revolutions  per 
hour,  roasts  in  twenty-four  hours  5  to  6  tons  of  wet 
concentrates  with  about  35%  of  sulphur,  or  0.015  ton 
per  square  foot  of  hearth  area,  reducing  the  sulphur 
to  6%.  Seventy  furnaces  make  4  to  5  tons,  or  6.4%, 
of  flue  dust. 

Shortly  after  the  Herreshoff  furnace  had  proved  a 
success  a  larger  furnace,  16  feet  in  diameter,  was 
constructed  on  the  same  general  lines.  It  had  eight 
hearths,  an  air-cooled  shaft  and  eight  solid  cast  iron 
arms.  The  heat  generated  was  sufficient  to  cause  the 
arms  to  bend  under  their  own  weight.  Air  cooling 
having  proved  unsatisfactory,  water  cooling  was  sub- 
stituted, and  the  number  of  hearths  reduced  from 
eight  to  six.  The  leading  differences,  then,  between 
the  Evans-Klepetko  and  the  Herreshoff  furnaces  are 
the  size  and  the  water-cooling  of  the  central  shaft 
and  the  stirring  arms.  The  furnace  is  18  feet  3} 
inches  high  and  15  feet  10  inches  in  diameter.  It  is 
sheathed  with  f -inch  boiler  iron  and  lined  with  a  full 
course  of  red  brick.  It  has  six  arched  hearths,  with 
a  9-inch  spring  and  3  feet  apart.  Each  hearth  has 
two  stirring  arms  making  sixty  circuits  per  hour. 
The  furnace  stands  on  columns  12  feet  high,  to  allow 
the  roasted  ore  to  be  collected  in  hoppers  and  dis- 
charged into  cars.  Six  furnaces  form  a  battery. 
They  are  placed,  from  center  to  center,  18  feet  apart 
in  one  direction  and  21  feet  3  inches  in  the  other. 
Each  furnace  has  two  gas  flues,  2  feet  in  diameter 
and  12  feet  apart,  passing  out  of  the  roof.    The  flues 


from  three  furnaces  lead  into  one  main  6  feet  in  diam- 
eter, having  openings  along  the  top  and  bottom  for 
removing  the  flue  dust.  The  bottom  openings  have  ver- 
tical pipes,  which  are  connected  directly  with  the  cal- 
cine hoppers.  The  central  shaft  of  a  furnace  is  driven 
from  below.  Three  furnaces  receive  their  motive 
power  from  one  main  shaft,  with  which  they  are  con- 
nected by  friction  clutches.  A  clutch  can  be  thrown 
in  or  out  from  each  of  the  six  platforms  surrounding 
a  furnace.  The  cooling  water  is  forced  down  to  near 
the  bottom  of  the  revolving  hollow  shaft  (9  inches  in- 
ner diameter)  through  a  3-inch  pipe  and  out  to  the 
ends  of  the  horizontal  stirring  arms  through  1-inch 
horizontal  pipes.  In  its  upward  passage  between 
shaft  and  pipe  it  takes  up  the  return  water  from  the 
stirring  arms  and  discharges  at  the  top  through  two 
spouts  into  a  stationary  launder.  Shaft  and  arms 
are  made  up  of  flanged  sections  to  permit  easy  ex- 
change. Running  the  overflow  water  at  80°  C, 
twenty  gallons  of  cooling  water  per  minute  are  re- 
quired by  a  furnace.  Forty-eight  furnaces  are  sup- 
plied with  the  necessary  draft  by  a  steel  stack  200 
feet  high  and  23  feet  6  inches  inner  diameter,  the 
lower  20  feet  being  lined.  A  30  H.  P.  motor  is  pro- 
vided to  run  the  machinery.  Tests  have  since  shown 
that  10  H.  P.  is  required  for  six  furnaces.  When  ore 
too  low  in  sulphur  to  be  self-burning — i.  e.,  about 
28% — is  to  be  roasted,  one  auxiliary  fireplace  for  two 
furnaces,  placed  on  the  level  of  the  bottom  floor  and 
delivering  the  flame  onto  the  fourth  floor,  furnishes 
the  additional  heat  required. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Tiburon  Island  and  the  Seri.* 

To  the  Editor: — It  is  about  time  that  something 
was  being  said  concerning  the  truth  in  regard  to  the 
Tiburon  Island  and  the  man-eating  Seri.  Our  daily 
papers  are  continually  publishing  interesting  fiction 
in  regard  to  Tiburon  Island,  thereby  causing  numer- 
ous men  to  venture  there  in  search  of  the  precious 
metals  and  to  explore  an  unknown  land.  To  a  num- 
ber of  American  prospectors  here  in  Sonora  it  is  all 
a  good  joke  when  they  read  of  a  party  coming  down 
to  explore  the  Tiburon. 

The  island  has  been  prospected  a  number  of  times 
by  both  Americans  and  Mexicans  since  1884.  The 
writer  was  engaged  last  year,  by  parties  having  a 
mineral  concession  and  an  option  on  the  island,  to  re- 
port on  the  mineral  resources  and  the  Seri  Indians. 
This  expedition  left  Guaymas  on  Nov.  19,  1902,  in  the 
gasoline  launch  Lollita,  with  a  total  of  twenty-three 
men  aboard.  The  next  day  we  landed  on  the  south- 
east end  of  Tiburon  Island  and  immediately  began 
our  search  for  the  minerals  said  to  be  there. 

The  party  was  divided  and  sub-divided  many  times, 
and  seven  days  were  spent  in  ceaseless  prospecting 
all  over  the  island,  which  is  about  15  miles  wide  and 
28  miles  long.  Needless  to  say,  there  was  no  mineral 
found  nor  any  indications  of  any,  as  the  island  is  com- 
posed mostly  of  lavas,  volcanic  conglomerates,  tufas 
and  eruptive  rocks.  At  the  southwest  end  the  hills 
rise  very  precipitously  and  show  plainly  their  forma- 
tions and  various  strata.  Inland,  near  the  bottom  of 
a  deep  canyon,  granite  was  noted  ;  a  flow  of  basalt 
makes  a  direct  contact  with  the  granite,  which  ap- 
parently is  the  first  of  the  lava  flows  on  this  end  of 
the  island.  Above  this  are  volcanic  conglomerates  and 
tufas.  Near  the  central  portion  there  are  great 
flows  of  rhyolite,  capped  by  andesite,  which  forms  the 
higher  portions  of  the  mountains. 

Obsidian  was  noted  in  some  hills  on  the  eastern  side 
in  large  masses.  The  northeast  end  is  composed  of 
low,  rolling  hills,  consisting  mostly  of  coarse  granite, 
some  of  which  is  iron-stained,  giving  a  reddish  color 
to  the  hills. 

An  irregular  belt  of  micaceous  rock,  separating 
the  granite  from  the  volcanic  formation,  here  was 
found — the  only  quartz  on  the  island,  but  in  small 
pieces  no  larger  than  a  man's  hand,  coming  from 
small  stringers  and  seams  in  the  mica  schist,  but  very 
white  and  barren. 

Some  lime  and  a  deposit  of  fine  marble  were  seen. 

The  northwestern  and  western  portions  are  made 
up  entirely  of  eruptive  rocks  and  lavas  and  are  de- 
void of  all  mineral  indications.  The  hills  and  moun- 
tains are  pitted  with  small  caves  and  pockets,  caused 
by  the  erosion  of  the  soft  material  which  was  encased 
in  harder  ones. 

I  should  judge  there  to  be  an  uplift  of  the  entire 
island  of  200  feet  on  the  south  end  to  300  feet  on  the 
north  end,  as  shown  by  ancient  beaches,  sea  shells 
and  fossils  embedded  in  the  conglomerate  at  that 
height  above  the  present  sea  level. 

Very  little  water  was  found — in  fact,  there  is  not 
sufficient  to  supply  the  needs  of  the  Indians  who  make 
the  island  their  home. 

A  stunted  growth  of  brush  and  cacti  covers  the 
valleys  and  slopes  from  the  water's  edge  to  the  hills. 

The  Seri  Indians. — Our  experience  with  the  Seri 
Indians  was  of  a  very  friendly  nature,  although  the 
introduction  was  slow  and  backward,  owing  to  the 
precautions  taken  by  both  parties.  As  the  fear 
gradually  wore  away,  much  trading  and  talking  were 
indulged  in.  The  chief,  who  has  the  name  of  Juan 
Tomas,  is  quite  an  intelligent  man  of  about  50  years, 
speaks  Spanish  and  is  a  good  diplomat.     There  were 

*  See  illustration  on  front  page. 


August  15,  1903, 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


102 


twenty-six  men  and  boys  in  their  party,  and  I  have 
no  doubt  that  number  constituted  all  the  able-bodied 
male  Seri  on  the  island.  They  were  all  in  good  health 
and  form,  but  only  partially  clothed.  Some  have  very 
One  physique — in  fact,  the  best  I  have  ever  seen. 
Their  features  and  hair  are  decidedly  of  the  Indian 
type  i  but  all  are  very  filthy  and  dirty  in  their 
habits. 

The  principal  food  is  fish  and  turtles,  which  abound 
in  the  waters  that  surround  the  island. 

For  weapons  they  have  bows  and  fierce-looking 
arrows.  I  saw  three  old-style  Remington  rifles 
among  them. 

Most  of  them  speak  the  Spanish  language,  having 
learned  it  when  trading  and  working  on  the  main- 
land. 

Very  little  attention  is  paid  to  the  building  of  their 
houses;  a  few  small  sticks  stuck  in  the  ground  with 
the  tops  bent  in,  some  brush  around  the  sides,  is 
"home  sweet  home "  to  the  Seri. 

I  most  certainly  believe  that  when  these  Indians 
are  not  aggravated,  or  forced  to  defend  themselves, 
they  will  not  harm  any  one. 

They  have  no  ambition — desiring  nothing  but  the 
necessities  of  life,  peace,  and  to  be  left  alone  by  dar- 
ing explorers  and  fierce  conquerors — and  the  Tiburon 
Island  is  the  one  and  only  place  for  them. 

H.  Gordon  Glore. 


I  Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

o c 


PATENTS  ISSUED  AUGUST  8,  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  lor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Extraction  of  Zinc,  Lead  and  Silver  Sulphides 
Prom  Their  Ores.— No.  735,071;  G.  D.  Delprat, 
Broken  Hill,  New  South  Wales,  Australia. 


Method  of  separating  ore  from  gangue  by  forming 
bath  containing  nitric  acid,  feeding  finely  ground  ore 
thereto,  whereby  gas  bubbles  formed  on  ore  parti- 
cles to  raise  them  to  surface  of  solution,  and  remov- 
ing particles  of  ore  so  lifted  to  surface. 

Dumping  Apparatus.— No.  735,139;  A.  E.  Norris, 
Cambridge,  Mass. 


In  apparatus  support,  fall  rope  depending  there- 
from, fall  block  supported  in  bight  of  fall  rope,  fall 
block  and  end  of  fall  rope  having  means  to  which 
load  supporting  device  may  be  detachably  secured, 
and  means  to  arrest  movement  of  end  of  fall  rope  as 
load  lifted  whereby  load  is  discharged. 

Process  or  Obtaining  Lead  or  Other  Metals 
Prom  Ores  or  Mattes.— No.  735,098;  C.  Hoepfner, 
Prankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany. 

Leaching  compounds  containing  lead,  silver,  iron 
and  zinc,  with  solution  of  cupric  chloride  concen- 
trated in  sodium  chloride,  removing  silver  by  copper 
in  contact  with  mercury,  precipitating  iron  by 
oxychloride  copper,   removing  lead  as  sulphite  by 


monosulphite  of  zinc,  precipitating  copper  from  re- 
sulting zino-chloride  solution  by  zinc,  decomposing 
resulting  zinc-chloride  solution  to  recover  zinc,  and 
returning  resulting  solution  and  free  chlorine  from 
decomposition  of  zinc  to  leach  fresh  quantities  of  ore. 

Quartz  Mill.— No.  735,234;  J.  P.  Forward,  San 
Diego,  Cal. 


Combination  with  base  having  non-circular  recess, 
of  grinding  member  composed  of  hollow  cone  having 
frustum-shaped  lower  end  and  non-circular  lug  ex- 
tending inwardly  from  lower  edge  thereof,  lug  en- 
gaging non-circular  recess  in  base  and  connecting 
detachably  therewith  by  means  of  fastening  member 
extending  through  aligning  perforations  in  lug  and 
base. 


Conveyor  Apparatus.  - 
Jr.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


-No.   735,301;    T.   Robins, 


A  suspension  bridge  for  conveyors  consisting  of 
cable,  platform,  diverging  hangers  between  cable 
and  platform  and  belt  supports  above  and  below 
platform.  


Mining  Tool.— No.  735,356;   T. 
gomery,  Ind. 


M.   Fisher,   Mont- 


Combination,  in  tool,  of  handle,  disk  centrally 
pivoted  to  handle,  means  for  limiting  inward  move- 
ment of  disk  to  position  such  that  plane  of  disk  in- 
clined to  handle,  means  limiting  outward  movement 
of  disk  to  position  perpendicular  to  handle,  means 
for  locking  disk  in  such  position. 

Treatment  of  Ores  Containing  Gold,  Silver, 
Copper,  Nickel  and  Zinc— No.  735,512 ;  H.  Hirsch- 
ing,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Process  of  treating  roasted  ore  and  tailings  by 
washing  with  water,  leaching  with  ammonia,  or  am- 
monium sulphate,  chloride  or  nitrate,  adding  water 
or  boiled-out  solution  obtained  by  operation  of  pro- 
cess, and  recovering  therefrom  metal  or  metals  sep- 
arately and  ammonia. 


Stamp  Mill  Mortar.— No.  735,374;  J.  H.  Hendy, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Jti-^S. 1 1 — 


In  stamp  battery,  series  independent  mortars 
each  adapted  for  single  stamp  and  divided  vertically 
to  form  separable  sections,  sections  having  abutting 
flanges,  means  detachably  securing  sections  each 
mortar,  sections  having  screen  discharge  openings, 
sole  plate  common  to  series  mortars,  receiving  trough 
rigid  with  sides  of  mortar  below  screen  openings, 
inner  sides  of  outer  mortars  of  series  and  both  sides 
of  intermediate  mortars  being  devoid  of  troughs, 
supplemental  troughs  receiving  output  of  inner  sides 
of  outer  mortars  and  both  sides  of  intermediate 
mortars. 

Bumping  Screen.— No.  735,525;  H.  L.  King,  Den- 
ver, Colo. 


In  bumping  screen,  combination  with  main  frame, 
including  crossbar  2,  operating  shaft,  cam  C  mounted 
thereon,  and  bumpers  20  20,  of  screen  frame,  mem- 
bers 10  10  secured  to  front  end  of  screen  frame  and 
projected  below  screen  frame,  brackets  pendently 
secured  on  main  frame  to  which  lower  end  of  mem- 
bers 10  10  are  secured,  central  guide  and  support 
for  rear  end  of  screen  frame,  upon  which  frame  has 
sliding  movement,  and  springbars  11  11  secured  at 
upper  end  to  rear  end  of  screen  frame,  lower  ends 
being  free  to  extend  in  close  proximity  to  crossbar  2. 


Automatic  Dumping  Device  for  Ore  Buckets.- 
No.  735,571;  R.  Nye,  Moline,  111. 


In  device  for  dumping  buckets,  combination  of  in- 
cline, yoke-shaped  inclined  carrier  pivoted  to  upper 
end  of  incline  and  bearing  feet  for  engaging  rim  of 
bucket,  counterpoise  weight  connected  to  carrier  to 
retard  tilting  movement  of  bucket,  and  heel  block 
located  to  engage  one  side  of  bucket  to  tilt  it  into 
embrace  of  carrier. 

Process  of  Extracting  Gold  and  Silver  From 
Ores.— No.  735,501;  C.  A.  Harp  and  J.  P.  Stark- 
weather, Sr.,  Stockton,  Cal. 

Process  treating  ores,  containing  precious  metal, 
consists  pulverizing  ores,  adding  thereto  kaolin,  brick 
dust,  unburned  limestone,  sawdust  and  charcoal, 
agitating  mass  and  subjecting  same  to  proper  degree 
heat,  and  when  added  ingredients  have  performed 
their  functions  adding  saltpeter. 


103 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ARKANSAS. 

BOONE    COUNTY. 

The  Bear  Hill  Co.,  at  the  head  of  George 
creek,    near    Harrison,   where  a  sawmill 
was  operated  several  years  ago,  is  prepar- 
ing to  put  in  heavier  machinery. 
NEWTON  COUNTY. 

Manager  E.  F.  Bickert  of  the  Ponca 
City  M.  Co.  is  putting  in  additional  mill 
machinery  at  his  mine  in  west  Newton 
county,  near  Harrison,  Boone  county.  He 
he    has    eight    men    doing    development 

work. The    prospecting    drill  for  the 

Manhattan  M.  Co.  is  on  the  ground  at  the 
the  company's  mine,  4  miles  southwest  of 
Marble  City,  says  Manager  Anderson  of 
Harrison. 

ALASKA. 

At  the  Alaska-Juneau  M.  Co.  mines  in 
Silver  Bow  basin,  near  Juneau,  develop- 
ment work  will  be  increased  and  the  com- 
pany's surveyors  are  running  lines  to  as- 
certain the  most  advantageous  route  for  a 
tunnel  at  tide  water.  Two  more  tunnels 
are  being  driven  to  open  the  lower  levels. 
It  Is  intended  to  build  a  mill,  but  Gold 
creek,  it  is  claimed,  will  cot  furnish  over 
five  months  power  for  a  large  stamp  mill. 
However,  a  tunnel  will  go  in  from  tide- 
water and  a  stamp  mill  go  into  the  basin, 
pending  the  completion  of  the  tunnel  and 
the  construction  of  larger  mills  on  the 
beach,  says  the  Alaska  Dispatch. 

Prospecting  and  development  work  is 
showing  on  Kodiak  island  some  free  gold 
properties,  says  Sargent,  collector  of  cus- 
toms at  Kodiak,  who  is  working  a  group 
4  miles  from  there.  Wander  &  Mclntyre 
have  a  showing  of  copper  ore  on  TJganuk 
Island,  near  Kodiak.  On  Yuak  bay,  40 
miles  distant,  a  5-stamp  mill  is  operating. 
On  Red  river  four  men  took  out  $4000  in 
three  months  from  placers,  this  season. 

R.  B.  Day  of  the  Mansfield  G.  M.  Co.  on 
McGinnis  creek,  near  Juneau,  says  they 
have  their  1000-foot  flume  in  operation 
and  the  ground  is  showing  up  well.  They 
have  heretofore  been  taking  water  from 
Quartz  creek.  Day  is  arranging  to  put 
up  additional  buildings  and  will  get  out 
lumber  for  the  700-foot  tunnel  that  he  will 
put  in  next  season  so  that  they  can  use  all 
the  water  from  McGinnis  creek. 

M.  J.  Sullivan  reports  finding  gold- 
bearing  quartz  on  Trilby  mountain,  in 
Nome  district.  Trilby  mountain  is  near 
junction  of  Solomon  river  and  Hurrah 
creek.  A  shaft  has  been  sunk  on  the  foot 
wall  28  feet  in  free  milling  ore. 

There  are  tin  ledges  along  Behring  sea 
at  Cape  York,  north  of  Cape  Nome,  says 
Manager  W.  C.  J.  Bartels  of  a  company 
organized  In  New  York  to  exploit  the  tin 
resources  of  that  region.  A  crushing 
plant  is  being  set  up  at  a  new  town  called 
Tin  City,  15  miles  above  Cape  York  and 
10  miles  from  Cape  Prince  of  Wales.  An 
experimental  plant,  to  be  operated  by 
gasoline  and  electricity,  is  going  in.  It 
includes  three  electric  drills  to  be  used  in 
prospecting  and  a  tin  stamp  mill  will  fol- 
low. 

ARIZONA. 

GILA  COUNTY. 

The  July  production  of  the  Old  Domin- 
ion mine  at  Globe  amounted  to  700,000 
pounds  of  copper,  or  100,000  pounds  more 
than  for  June,  the  running  of  two  fur- 
naces securing  this  increase,  say9  Presi- 
dent Smith. 

A  third  interest  in  the  Oxbow  group, 
north  of  Pay  son,  has  been  sold  to  J.  B. 
Newman.  It  is  In  the  Green  "Valley  min- 
ing district  and  consists  of  ten  claims. 
There  is  a  10-stamp  mill  in  operation. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 

The  tramway  for  the  Standard  copper 
mines,  near  Morencl,  is  on  the  ground  and 
is  being  set  up.  When  the  tramway  is  in 
operation  the  output  of  the  company  will 
be  Increased,  and  the  cost  of  transporta- 
tion is  expected  to  be  reduced  by  $2  per 
ton. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

J.  K.  Truman,  superintendent  of  the 
Climax  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Quartz 
mountain,  near  Phoenix,  says  he  has  been 
putting  in  machinery  on  the  Orizaba 
group,  being  operated  by  the  Orizaba  M. 
Co.,  of  which  he  is  manager.  The  prop- 
erty is  45  miles  north  of  Phoenix.  The 
machinery  consists  of  a  25  H.  P.  boiler 
and  a  15  H.  P.  hoist,  which  will  give  them 
a  capacity  for  sinking  500  feet.  The  ore 
is  iron  and  copper  sulphides,  carrying 
10%  copper  and  $3  in  gold.  The  shaft  was 
started  in  the  canyon,  which  is  300  feet 
from  the  top  of  the  mountain, 
MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Tennes- 
see mine,   near  Chloride,   has  ceased  all 


work,  except  one  engineer  to  keep  water 
out  of    lower  workings,   the  reason   for 

which  has  not  been  given. J.  Kenney 

and  L.  Lapping  report  a  strike  of  gold  ore 
on  their  Lama  mine,  near  the  Century 
and  Altata  mines.  The  vein  is  20  inches 
wide  near  the  surface. 

Shaft  No.  2  on  the  Century  mine  iB  re- 
ported also  in  good  ore  in  the  work  down 
80  feet.     At  100  feet  drifting  on  the  north 

end   of  the   vein  is  to  be  started. The 

Samoa  mine  is  in  another  body  of  ore  in 
the  400-foot  drift  of  the  350-foot  shaft. 
This  is  the  catching  up  of  the  1000-ounce 

silver  ore  that  gave  out  last  spring. 

J.  H.  Boaks  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  nego- 
tiating for  a  bond  and  lease  on  a  group  of 
eight  claims,  of  which  the  Century,  Larna 
and  Altata  mines  are  the  principal. 

The  St.  Charles  Bros.  &  Babcock  con- 
tinue driving  the  east  drift  on  the  250-foot 
level  of  the  Midnight  mine.  A  large  body 
of  low-grade  ore  is  showing. 

The  Pastime  mine,  at  Mineral  Park,  is 
being  opened  up  again  after  an  idleness  of 
four  years.  The  ores  carry  values  In  sil- 
ver. Sinking  will  continue. The  Tin- 
tic  mine,  which  waB  recently  taken  over 
by  Hawks  &  Shaefer,  has  the  whim  in 
operation  and  the  lower  workings  are  be- 
ing unwatered.  This  finished,  further 
Binking  will  be  done  in  the  90-foot  shaft 
and  drifting  started  both  ways  on  the 
vein. 

Chloride,  Aug.  9. 

Ten  men  are  at  work  on  the  Paymaster 
mine,  north  of  Cerbat,  and  ore  is  being 
shipped  to  the  smelter.     The  ore  carries 

values  in  gold  and  silver. J.  Barry  has 

men  at  work  on  the  Gold  Nugget  mine, 
near  Cerbat,  and  is  getting  out  ore. 

It  is  reported  the  Minnesota-Connor 
mines,  near  Chloride,  will  be  started  up 
about  Sept.  1,  and  the  main  Bhaft  will  be 
sunk  to  depth  of  1000  feet. 

PIMA  COUNTY. 

P.  Brownell,  superintendent  of  the  Pro- 
ducer Copper  Co.,  whose  mines  are  54 
miles  south  of  Casa  Grande,  in  Quijotoa 
section,  says  the  crosscut  in  the  Century 
mine  is  in  30  feet  from  the  200-foot  level 
and  near  the  lead.  The  country  rock 
showB  sulphides.  Some  trouble  was  ex- 
perienced with  water.  The  fifty-ton 
smelter  18  in  place. 

PINAL  COUNTY. 

C.  McCully  and  J.  W.  Benzie  of  Denver 
have  bought  the  Christmas  Gift  mines  for 
the  Plata  Cobre  M.  Co.  of  Denver,  Colo. 
The  mines  will  be  equipped  and  operated 
on  a  large  scale.  They  are  60  miles  north- 
west of  Tucson,  Pima  county.  When  first 
discovered  $200,000  was  taken  out  of  one 
pocket. 

YAVAPAI   COUNTY. 

The  Yavapai  Oil  &  Development  Co. 
has  been  incorporated  at  Jerome  by  J.  C. 
&  H.  L.  Heslet,  A.  D.  Coover,  J.  Page 
and  J.  S.  Waughtel.  This  company  pro- 
poses to  put  an  outfit  on  the  ground  near 
Del  Rio  and  start  drilling  for  oil. 

Work  on  the  Iron  King  smelter,  south 
of  Jerome,  is  nearing  completion.  The 
ore  roast  pile  will  be  ready  for  firing  next 
week.     Fifty  men  are  at  work. 

CALIFORNIA. 

BUTTE  COUNTY. 
A.  D.  Bonham  of  Chico  reports  finding 
gold-bearing  quartz  30  miles  from  Chico 
which  has  yielded  good  returns.     He  has 
made  two  shipments  to  the  smelter. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

The  Independence  gravel  mine,  east  of 
Angels,  has  again  started  up  and  sinking 
the  shaft  is  under  way.  Superintendent 
Mcintosh  says  he  intends  putting  the 
shaft  down  in  the  rimrock  to  depth  equal 
with  that  of  the  bedrock  of  the  channel, 
and  drift  into  the  channel. 

C.  H.  Blake,  superintendent  of  the 
Fanny  Marie  mine  at  Glencoe,  says  it  is 
intention  of  the  company  to  resume  on 
both  the  Fanny  Marie  and  the  Bluejay 
mines. 

EL  DORADO  COUNTY. 

The   El  Dorado  C.  M.  Co.  continues  ar- 
rangements  toward  beginning  heavy  de- 
velopment work  on  the  Eureka  and  Wood- 
side  mines  near  Georgetown. 
FRESNO   COUNTY. 

There  is  a  total  of  twenty-one  com- 
panies operating  in  the  West  Side  section 
of  the  Coalinga  field,  with  twenty-nine 
completed  wells  and  a  number  of  others 
drilling. 

INYO   COUNTY. 

At  Millspaugh,  at  the  head  of  Shep- 
herd's canyon  in  the  Argus  Range,  half 
way  between  Ballarat  and  Darwin,  the 
Millspaugh  M.  &  M.  Co.  is  arranging  to 
rebuild  its  mill  and  also  to  put  up  a  cya- 
nide plant. — — Doningue,  Etcharren  and 
J.  Carricart,  who  own  the  Red  Star  and 
Bryan  mines  near  MiUspaugh,  report  tak- 
ing out  free  gold  ore. Tin  ores  are  re- 
ported in  certain  ores  of  the  camp. 
KERN  COUNTY. 

The  East  Puente  Oil  Co.,  in  Kern  River 


district,  near  Bakersfield,   haB  completed 

its  sixth  well  and  will  drill  a  seventh. 

The  Southwestern  Refining  Co.'s  plant  is 
expected  to  be  ready  for  operation  by  Oc- 
tober 1.    The  stills  are  being  set  up. 

The  Con.  Copper  Oil  Co.,  which  has  leased 
a  portion  of  the  Monarch's  ground,  Is 
drilling  Its  second  well  and  has  one  fin- 
ished.  -The  Alma  Oil  Co.,  W.  E.Stev- 
enson manager,  will  drill  six  additional 
wells.     It  now  has  two  in  operation. 

The  Veteran  Oil  Co.  has  been  organized 
With  C.  T.  Deane  as  manager  and  will  drill 
a  number  of  wells  on  its  holdings  of  twenty 
acres  in  the  Kern  river  field,  near  Bakers- 
field. 

The  Peerless  Oil  Co.  Is  pumping  5000 
barrels  a  day.  ThiB  will  be  Increased,  as 
the  deepening  of  two  of  the  wellB  first 
drilled  by  the  company  will  be  completed 
and  a  new  well,  No.  25,  will  be  finished 
next  week.  The  drilling  of  new  wells  will 
be  continued. 

The  Monarch  of  California  Oil  Co.,  at 
Sunset,  struck  oil  last  week  in  its  third 
well  at  depth  of  500  feet.  The  work  Is  be- 
ing continued. The    Con.   Copper  Oil 

Co.,  which  has  leased  a  part  of  the  Mon- 
arch ground,  is  drilling  its  second  well 
and  has  one  finished,  says  the  Californian. 

The  Nevada  County  Oil  Co ,  near 
BakerBfield,  is  drilling  wells  numbers  13 
and  14,  the  first  twelve  wells  being  com- 
pleted. 

Wickard  &  Saunders  are  leasing  on  the 
Baltic  mine,  near  Randsburg,  and  have 
bonded  an  adjoining  claim  for  $2500. 

Development  work  is  reported  progress- 
ing at  the  coal  mine  near  Garlock. 

Superintendent  Bouchard  at  White's 
Camp,  near  Randsburg,  says  the  main 
shaft  1b  down  100  feet  and  two  drifts  are 
being  run  on  the  100-feet  level.  They  are 
drifting  on  good  ore.  At  175  feet  from 
the  main  Bhaft  a  Bhaft  is  being  sunk  to 
connect  with  the  stope  on  the  70-foot 
level,  which  will  give  circulation  of  air. 

The  Petroleum  Center  Co.,  near  Bakers- 
field,  will  put  in  a  pipe  line  from  its  prop- 
erty to  the  railroad.  This  company  is 
resuming  operations  after  being  shut  down 
for  Beveral  months,  and  it  is  putting  in  a 

pumping  plant The  Eastern  Con.  Oil 

Co.  has  put  in  its  boiler  at  the  refinery 
near  the  railroad,  and  the  plant  is  expected 
to  be  In  operation  next  week.  A  pipe  line 
will  be  put  in  from  the  company's  wells  to 
the  plant. 

MONO  COUNTY. 

W.  &  C.  E.  Loose,  of  Provo,  Utah,  are 
reported  to  have  bought  the  interests  of 
their  associates  in  the  Sunshine,  Coarse 
Gold,  Hillside,  Arthur  and  University 
groups  of  gold-bearing  mines  at  Bodie,  for 
$75,000.  The  equipment  of  the  mines  will 
be  increased  and  further  development 
done. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 

At  the  Huron  mine,  near  Nevada  City, 
the  mill  Is  in  operation. 

The  work  of  pumping  out  the  Le  Comp- 
ton  mine  in  Willow  Valley,  near  Nevada 
City,  is  finished  and  the  mill  will  be  started 
up  this  week. 

The  ten  new  stamps  put  in  at  the  Union 
Blue  Gravel  mine,  above  North  Bloom- 
field,  began  crushing  gravel  this  week, 
says  Superintendent  Gassaway.  This 
gives  the  Union  Blue  a  20-stamp  mill  of 
double-discharge  capacity,  and  it  is  ex- 
pected to  require  seventy-five  miners  un- 
derground to  keep  them  dropping. 

G.  Lezinsky  of  San  Francisco,  manager 
of  the  Gold  Tunnel  mine,  near  Nevada 
City,  says  the  canvas  plant  was  put  in 
operation  last  week. 

The  Mountain  Maid  mine,  near  Nevada 
City,  will  resume  operations  this  month, 
Bays  C.  Pusheck  of  Chicago,  111.,  man- 
ager. 

This  week  operations  will  be  resumed  in 
gravel  mining  on  the  Middle  Yuba,  near 
Nevada  City,  by  Root  &  Heisner.  They 
expect  to  have  100  men  at  work  shoveling 
gravel  into  the  sluice.  The  sluice  is  500 
feet  long,  20  feet  wide  at  beginning  and  18 
at  the  lower  end,  with  a  continuous 
depth  of  5  feet.  A  wing  dam  has  also  been 
built  to  furnish  water.  They  expect  to 
have  a  continuous  run  of  at  least  Bixty 
dayB  before  the  heavy  rains  set  in,  which 
will  stop  work  for  the  winter,  unless  the 
ground  can  be  worked  out  by  that  time, 
says  the  Union. 

G.  Snyder  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  part 
owner  of  the  Red  Cross  mine  near  Omega, 
and  S.  E.  Robbins,  superintendent,  are 
arranging  to  increase  development.  Pros- 
pecting operations  have  been  carried  on 
by  tunnel,  and  a  mifr'has  been  run  by 
steam  power.  They  will  run  a  drain  tun- 
nel at  depth  of  1400  feet,  and  the  mill  is  to 
be  removed  to  a  lower  site,  which  will 
permit  of  water  power  being  substituted 
for  steam. 

The  Sierra  Queen  mine,  near  Nevada 
City,  was  closed  down  laBt  week  for  an  in- 
definite period.  The  mine  has  been  oper- 
ated by  its  present  owners  for  a  year  and 
a  half.  It  is  intended  on  reopening  to  put 
in  a  Cornish  pump  and  sink  deeper.  The 
south  side  of  the  9haft  has  not  been  pros- 
pected  for  fear  that,   on   getting  under 


Deer  creek,    the  pumps  could  not  handle 
the  water.     There  is  a  10-stamp  mill. 

A  strike  of  gold  ore  haB  been  made  In 
the  Central  Con.  mine,  on  Little  Green- 
horn, near  Grass  Valley,  says  Superin- 
tendent Coflin. 

The    Pilgrim  mine    at  American   Hill, 
near  Nevada  City,    was  closed  down  last 
week  by  orders   from  Superintendent  T. 
A.  Patterson,  who  is  in  New  York  City. 
PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

The  Claybank  mine,  at  La  Porte,  is 
able  to  run  but  three  or  four  Bhifts  a  week, 
owing  to  scarcity  of  water  to  drive  the 
compressor,  says  the  Bulletin. 

SAN  BENITO   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— At  the  Brad- 
ford quicksilver  mine,  18  miles  south  of 
Tres  Pinos,  development  work  is  being 
continued.  The  lowest  workings  are 
down  175  feet  vertical,  and  the  vein  dips 
at  58°.  A  winze  la  being  sunk  from  the 
drift,  near  the  shoot,  which  shows  work- 
able values  in  cinnabar.  C.  P.  Bradford 
is  manager.  It  is  claimed  they  are  on  the 
same  vein  system  which  is  being  worked 
at  New  Idria,  further  south. 

Tres  PinoB,  August  12. 

SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 

At  Summerland,  J.  F.  Miller,  who  re- 
cently bought  the  property  of  the  Mineral 
Oil  Co.,  has  renewed  the  lease  of  the 
M.  F.  Bishop  ground  and  haB  five  wells 
pumping.  West  of  the  Treadwell  wharf 
four  more  wells,  jointly  owned  by  Miller 
and  J.  L.  Bryson,  are  being  placed  In 
working  order. 

SHASTA   COUNTY. 

Preparation  are  being  made  to  double 
the  capacity  of  the  DaLamar  smelter  at 
Winthrop.  At  present  the  Bmelter  has 
one  furnace  of  a  daily  capacity  of  150  tons 
of  ore.  The  new  furnace  will  be  built  west 
of  Furnace  No.  1  and  under  the  same  roof. 
The  Bully  Hill  Co.  has  already  prepared 
for  treatment  of  greater  quantities  of  ore, 
as  since  the  beginning  of  the  year  it  has 
built  more  stall  roasters  and  is  beginning 
ta  roast  in  the  open  air.  It  is  also  enlarg- 
ing Tunnel  No.  3,  so  as  to  allow  for  a  dou- 
ble-track tramway.  The  tunnel  is  1100 
feet  in  length.  The  Anchor  Bhaft  is  pro- 
ducing large  quantities  of  black  copper 
ore. 

The  Liberty  group  of  mines  near  Cop- 
ley, formerly  under  bond  to  the  Great 
Western  G.  Co.,  has  been  bonded  to  J.  B. 
Wattermann,  W.  H.  Dry  and  T.  F.  Gates 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  for  $150,000.  There 
are  3000  feet  of  tunnels. 

At  French  Gulch  seventy-five  miners  at 
the  Gladstone  mine  are  reported  out  on  a 
strike,  due  to  poor  boarding-house  fare 
and  the  refusal  of  the  company  to  de- 
crease the  working  hours. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

The  Lob  Angelea  Co.,  reopening  the 
Kenton  mine,  near  Allegheny,  has  twenty 
men  at  work  under  Superintendent  A. 
Fitzgerald.  Ore  is  being  taken  out  and 
the  12-stamp  mill  is  running  steadily. 

The  Lecompton  mine,  in  Willow  Valley, 
near  Nevada  City,  is  again  in  operation, 
the  work  of  unwatering  having  been  fin- 
ished last  week.  During  the  unwatering 
the  mill  was  enlarged  and  the  hoist  alBO. 
New  ground  has  been  cleared  for  develop- 
ment. 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

P.  Clark,  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  has  sus- 
pended operations  on  the  Blue  Ledge  cop- 
per mine,  near  the  Oregon  line,  on  which 
he  has  a  bond  for  $250,000,  the  reason 
given  being  that  development  is  not  satis- 
factory for  the  price  asked.  Clark  had 
men  at  work  driving  a  lower  tunnel,  and 
had  also  been  doing  some  extensive  dia- 
mond drilling. 

The  Milwaukee  M.  Co.,  John  Barth, 
manager,  who  bought  the  McKinley,  New 
Discovery  and  Mountain  Lily  quartz 
mines  on  Humbug  creek,  near  Yreka,  last 
week,  has  also  bonded  the  Golden  Jubilee 
and  other  ledges  in  same  section,  says  the 
News.  Work  is  going  ahead  in  the  Mc- 
Kinley mine,  with  twelve  men  under 
Superintendent  L.  B.  Jamieson,  and  a 
tunnel  300  feet  in  length  has  been  run  to 
the  12-inch  ledge  at  lower  depth.  Later 
on  the  company  Intends  putting  up  a  mill. 

P.  S.  Gallagher  sold  two  of  his  claims 

on  Cherry  creek  last  week  to  C.  Paige, 
and  intends  Binking  a  Bhaft  on  his  McCor- 
mick  mine  in  same  district. 

STANISLAUS  COUNTY. 
The  supervisors  of  Stanislaus  county 
have  apportioned  $12,000  as  a  bonus  to  a 
combination  of  mining  companies  of  the 
Coast  Range  mountains  to  build  a  road 
from  the  mines  to  Westley,  and  to  put  up 
reduction  works  and  firebrick  and  tiling 
factories  at  Westley.  The  combination  is 
composed  of  the  Martel  M.  Co.,  owner  of 
the  Red  Mountain  district  magneslte 
quarries;  the  James  Manganese  M.  Co., 
and  the  Phoenix  Quicksilver  M.  Co., 
owned  by  E.  P.  Newhall  and  A.  Hayward 
of  San  Francisco.  The  companies  are  Bald 
to  have  agreed  to  build  the  road  and  erect 
the  works  and  factories  at  cost  of  $100,000. 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


104 


TRINITY  COUNTY. 
The  Senger  and  Hughes  placer  mines, 
near  Weavervllle,  have  been  bonded  to  E. 
F.  Burrill  of  Berkeley  for  130,000.  The 
Senger  and  Hughes  properties  comprise 
420  acres  of  auriferous  gravel  and  are  be- 
tween West  Weaver  creek  and  McKenzlo 
gulch.  Burrill  has  overcome  the  water 
question  by  leasing  the  West  Weaver 
ditch  and  water  rights  from  the  La 
Grange  Hvdraullc  Co. 

E.  G.  Gould  of  the  Rush  Creek  M.  Co. 
of  Oakland  reports  development  work 
progressing  at  their  mine,  1}  mile  above 
junction  of  Mlnersvlllo  and  Weavervllle 
road.  The  ore  Is  showing  4  feet  In  width, 
and  averaging  $20  a  ton  In  gold.  Two 
tunnels  are  being  run  In  on  the  ledge. 

The  Hupp  placer  mine,  at  Weavervllle, 
has  closed  down  for  the  season,  and  the 
final  cleanup  showed  satisfactory  returns 
for  the  year's  run.  W.  I.  and  J.  Hupp, 
owners. 

At  Deadwood,  the  Brown  Bear  mill  Is 
crushing  ore  from  the  Lambert  mine  and 

also  custom  rock  for  the  Lappln. 1.  W. 

Zent,  M.  Carter  and  J.  Thorne  are  put- 
ting in  a  ditch  to  take  water  from  the 
Brown  Bear  tunnel.  A  good  stream 
comes  from  the  tunnel  and  will  bo  llumed 
to  the  Three  Brothers  group  to  furnish 
power  to  the  additional  arrastra  that  is  to 
be  built. 

At  Hay  Fork,  the  Hailstone  prospect  Is 
being  developed.  The  vein  averages  18 
inches  wide  of  high-grade  ore. 

Superintendent  T.  Chambers  of  the 
Lappln  mine,  under  bond  to  the  J.  J. 
Chambers  Co.  of  Redding,  reports  a  gold- 
bearing  ore  body  found  In  the  "  Winze 
level,"  the  loweBt  level  in  the  Lappln.  It 
is  a  2-foot  ledge.  A  milling  and  drilling 
plant  will  be  put  up,  to  be  operated  by 
electricity. 

Superintendent  J.  S.  Olds  of  the  Chon- 
chllulu  Gold  Reef  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Miner's  Dream  mine,  on  Chonchilulu 
mountain,  at  Bullychoop,  says  prepara- 
tions are  being  made  to  put  up  a  stamp 
mill,  which  is  expected  to  be  in  operation 
by  Oct.  1. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

The  Dutch  mine,  at  Quartz,  is  down 
1400  feet,  and  drifting  on  the  south  level 
is  In  80  feet.  It  is  expected  to  cut  the 
shoot  that  has  been  worked  in  the  upper 
levels.  A  raise  has  been  driven  from  the 
1250-foot  level  to  the  600-foot  level,  and  a 
winze  will  be  sunk  to  connect  the  1250 
with  the  1400.  The  vein  is  12  feet  In 
width.  The  20-stamp  mill  iB  running  on 
full  time  and  oil  is  U9ed  as  fuel. 

J.  W.  Stephens  has  bought  the  Union 
quartz  mine,  which  adjoins  the  Rough  & 
Ready  mine,  near  Sonora,  says  the  Inde- 
pendent. 

The  Vivian  mine  is  being  operated  by 
W.  S.  Wilhelm  of  Sonora  under  bond, 
says  the  Independent,   and  a  tunnel  is  In 

16i)  feet  to  tap  the  vein. TheGeorgiana 

mine  (formerly  the  Garfield),  on  the  East 
Belt,  near  Carters,    has  been   bonded  to 

C.   Holland  et  al.   of  Sonora. At  the 

Mount  Jefferson  mine,  at  Groveland,  the 
main  shaft  is  down  520  feet,  and  they  are 
sinking  to  get  another  level,  says  Super- 
intendent J.  Meighan.  Fifty  men  are  em- 
ployed in  mine  and  mill.  Twenty  stamps 
are  dropping. 

The  Mayflower  tunnel,  1  mile  north  of 
the  Kanaka  mine,  near  Groveland,  is  In 
400  feet  In  llmeBtone,  and  a  raise  Ib  being 
put  up,  expecting  to  cut  the  gravel  chan- 
nel once  worked  at  Corccran  Flat. 

Development  work  is  going  on  at  the 
Longfellow  mine,  at  Big  Oak  Flat,  with 
seven  men,  and  drifting  is  In  progress  on 
the  500-foot  level. 

The  cyanide  plant  at  the  Rawhide  mine, 
near  Jamestown,  Is  being  doubled  in  ca- 
pacity from  50  to  100  tons  per  day. 

The  Morris  tunnel,  near  Columbia,  has 
been  completed  to  a  point  15  feet  inside 
the  Bald  Mt.  and  the  Grant,  Wainwright 
and  Thomasson  claims,  says  the  Banner, 
and  work  la  going  on  In  a  raise  In  the  vein. 
They  are  up  40  feet  and  expect  to  cut  the 
Austrian  shoot. 

A  new  air  compressor  and  a  85  H.  P. 
boiler  have  been  added  to  the  equipment 
at  the  Mohican  mine,  near  Groveland. 

YUBA  COUNTY. 

The  New  Blue  Point  mine,  southeast  of 
Smartaville,  has  been  sold  to  East  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  men,  represented  by  J.  Wels- 
ben.  A  permit  to  work  the  mine  by  hy- 
draulic process  has  been  obtained  from  the 
California  Debris  Commission. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence.)— During  the 
past  few  months  mining  In  Colorado  has 
been  rather  slow.  The  conditions  existing 
throughout  the  State  have  been  detri- 
mental. The  labor  question  seems  to  have 
been  the  main  cause.  The  operator  did 
not  know  when  his  men  would  be  called 
out  In  sympathy,  therefore  the  new  plant 
of  machinery  he  was  figuring  on  purchas- 
ing he  did  not  buy,  and  no  improvements 


were  made.  Conditions  have  changed 
somewhat  for  the  better  and  the  mining 
industry  Is  Improving.  The  machlnary 
houses  In  Denver  report  a  decided  change 
for  the  better  during  the  past  few  weeks. 
The  labor  difficulties  are  by  no  means  set- 
tled, but  It  Is  the  opinion  of  a  good  many 
that  strikes  have  been  checked.  The 
union  was  unsuccessful  In  getting  the  men 
to  go  out  at  the  Pueblo,  Durango  and 
Leadville  plants,  but  in  the  Cripple  Creek 
district  they  have  called  out  about  3000 
men  In  sympathy  with  the  Colorado  City 
smeltermen. 

Denver,  Aug.  10. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

W.  G,  Shapcott,  of  Colorado  Springs, 
treasuror  of  the  Upper  Ten  M.  &  OH  Co  , 
says  Increased  development  work  Is 
planned  on  a  number  of  the  thirty-two 
claims  which  they  own  near  Eldora. 
Nearly  2000  feet  of  development  work  has 
been  done  on  the  thirty-two  claims. 

R.  G.  Mullen  of  Colorado  Springs,  of 
the  Montgomery  M.  &  R.  Co.,  operating 
near  Boulder,  says  the  management  has 
decided  to  double  the  capacity  of  the  mill, 
which  Is  twenty-five  tons  per  day  at  pres- 
ent. The  additions  will  include  five  cya- 
nide tanks,  three  of  which  will  have  ca- 
pacity of  100  tons  each.  Development 
work  is  progressing  at  depth  of  240  feet. 
Two  tunnels  are  being  driven. 

At  Wallstreet  the  crusher  for  the  Wall- 
street  mill  was  set  up  last  week  and  opera- 
tions started. 

H.  J.  Newman  and  C.  P.  Campbell  of 
Colorado  Springs  have  bought  the  Lottie 
claim  on  Lee  hill,  near  Sunshine,  for  840,- 
000,  says  the  Telegraph.  They  will  open 
and  develop  the  mine  and  have  cleaned 
out  the  shaft  for  retimberlng.  The  pay 
streak  Is  16  inches  wide. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 
The  contractors  in  the  Central  tunnel 
of  the  Big  Five  Co.,  near  Idaho  Springe, 
report  driving  115  feet  in  the  first  twenty 
days,  working  but  one  shift  per  day.  The 
contract  calls  for  5000  feet  of  driving;  $10 
a  foot  is  to  be  paid  and  the  power  is  fur- 
nished by  the  Big  Five  from  its  power 
house  near  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel.  The 
first  1797  feet  of  the  tunnel  was  driven  by 
the  company  prior  to  the  erection  of  its 
power  house.  It  costs  824  a  foot,  the  size 
of  the  tunnel  being  then  8£x9  feet  and 
double  track.  This  contract  calls  for  5x8 
and  single  track. 

E.  A.  Eaton  and  F.  G.  Shaffer  of  Idaho 
Springs  have  located  six  claims  on  Santa 
Fe  mountain  along  the  mica  vein  that 
shows  on  the  surface,  says  the  Times,  and 
will  determine  its  commercial  value. 
They  claim  about  half  of  the  product  will 
produce  sheets  2x4  inches  and  40%  of  the 
product  would  have  to  be  ground  up  if 
used,  while  10%  would  produce  sheets  8x12 
inches  in  size.  The  owners  are  negotiat- 
ing with  the  Crosson  Bros,  to  merge  the 
Starlight  tunnel  with  the  mica  proposi- 
tion. By  driving  this  tunnel  an  addi- 
tional 150  feet  they  would  open  the  dvke 
at  a  depth  of  800  feet. 

The  machinery  at  the  Baltimore  mine, 
near  Georgetown,  wa9  put  in  operation 
last  week  and  work  in  the  tunnel  started. 
Part  of  the  tunnel  will  be  enlarged  to 
double  track  size  and  then  continued  to 
cut  the  Shively  and  other  lodes  which 
have  been  secured  by  the  Hazleton  Co. 
FREMONT  COUNTY. 
C.  M.  McNeill,  vice-president  of  the 
United  States  R-  &  R.  Co.,  says  the  plants 
owned  and  operated  by  the  company  at 
Colorado  City  and  at  Florence,  including 
the  Standard  mill  at  the  former  place  and 
the  Union  plant  at  the  latter,  will  be 
closed  down  within  ten  day9  (or  as  soon  as 
supply  of  ore  on  hand  is  exhausted)  on 
account  of  the  Btrike  In  Cripple  Creek 
district,  inaugurated  expressly  to  cut  off 
the  supply  of  ore  from  the  company's 
mills.  This  will  throw  500  men  out  _  of 
employment,  all  of  whom  are  to  receive 
one-third  of  their  present  wages  for  six 
months,  in  accordance  with  a  promise 
made  with  the  BO-called  mill  trust  last 
winter  to  those  who  stayed  by  the 
company  at  the  time  of  the  first 
trouble  with  the  Western  Federation  of 
MlDerB.  The  two  plants  at  Canyon  City 
will  continue  work,  McNeill  claiming  that 
there  is  enough  ore  on  hand  to  keep  the 
latter  running  for  at  least  nine  months. 

During  the  last  month  in  the  Florence 
oil  field  four  wells  have  gone  into  oil.  The 
determined  area  and  the  oil  production 
are  Increasing  and  new  wells  are  continu- 
ally being  opened. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 
The  Ideal  G.  M.  Co.  has  resumed  opera- 
tions on  its  shaft  on  Tip  Top  mountain, 
near  Perlgo,  and  Is  down  110  feet  and 
crosscutting  to  the  vein.  In  sinking  they 
went  through  the  vein  at  40  feet.  The 
company  intends  putting  in  machinery. 
G.  Walte  is  superintendent. 

The  Onoko  Gold  Mines  Co.,  operating 
in  Leavenworth  gulch,  near  Central  Gity, 
has  cleaned  out  the  shaft  on  the  Paola 
mine  to  a  depth  of  228  feet.     Drifting  and 


stoplng  Is  being  done  In  the  120  west  level, 
where  Superintendent  Shull  reports  they 
have  12  to  18  Inches  of  copper  ore.  A  car- 
load will  be  sent  to  the  smelters.  The 
company  will  erect  a  shaft  building  and 
Install  a  plant  of  machinery. 

G.  R.  Markey  of  Denver  and  J.  Farland 
of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  are  reported  negotiat- 
ing to  operate  a  group  In  Phcenlx  district, 
near  Rolllnsvllle,  consisting  of  the  Spar, 
Edwards  and  Attract  lodes.  Sinking  and 
other  developments  will  be  started  next 
week. 

A.  M.  Hurd  of  Denver  has  a  three-years' 
lease  and  bond  on  the  Mountain  Chief 
mine,  thought  to  be  the  western  extension 
of  the  Perlgo  vein,  in  the  Tip  Top  section, 
near  Perlgo.  Superintendent  E.  Stephen- 
son of  Phoenix  will  takeout  the  water  and 
sink  the  shaft  another  hundred  feet. 

The  mill  at  the  junction  of  Elk  and 
Pine  creeks,  near  Central  City,  is  in  oper- 
ation, says  Superintendent  L.  J.  Mountz 
of  Apex.  It  is  of  fifteen  tone  dally  capac- 
ity and  built  to  treat  the  ores  of  the  Mac- 
key  and  Sarah  Jane  mines,  owned  by 
Palmer  &  Mountz.  They  have  decided  to 
add  two  more  mills,  each  of  a  capacity  of 
fifteen  tons. 

The  Nevada  Con.  M.  Co.  has  a  lease  on 
the  Pozo  mine  in  Nevadaville,  near  Cen- 
tral City.  This  mine  has  not  been  worked 
the  laet  few  monthe,  owing  to  the  ore  con- 
taining zinc.  The  new  company  hae  built 
a  plant  to  treat  zinc  ores,  says  Superin- 
tendent Rucker.     T.  Marx  le  manager. 

GUNNISON    COUNTY. 

Arrangements  have  been  made  to  oper- 
ate the  Eureka  mine  at  Crested  Butte  and 
zinc,  lead,  copper  and  Bllver  ore  will  be 
produced. 

S.  Day  of  Gunnison  is  putting  a  whim 
on  his  mine  at  Elko  and  will  take  out  ore 
for  the  Scofield  mill. 

HINSDALE  COUNTY. 

The  holster  at  the  Isolde  mine,  near 
Lake  City,  is  in  operation  and  unwatering 
the  shaft  on  No.  1  vein.      Shipments  will 

begin  this  week. The  final  transfer  of 

the  Pelican  group  on  Henson  creek,  near 
Lake  City,  was  made  last  week.  The  new 
ownerB    will    develop    the  ore  bodies   at 

greater  depth. It  ie  reported  the  Dolly 

Varden  mine  in  Engineer  district,  near 
Lake  City,  will  have  men  at  work  next 
week. 

Manager  O.  W.  Pierce  of  the  Tobasco 
mine,  near  Lake  City,  saye  operatione  at 
the  mill  and  mine  were  resumed  laat  week. 

The  hoist  and   pump   for  the  Isolde 

mine  is  in  position  and  work  reeumed  in 
,  the  winze  to  determine  the  size  and  value 
of  the  ore  body. 

The  Hanna  M.  Co.  will  put  in  additional 
machinery  and  enlarge  the  capacity  and 
change  the  concentrating  system  at  Its 
mill  near  Lake  City.  A.  G.  Ellie  le  super- 
intendent. 

HUERFANO  COUNTY. 

W.  G.  Shapcott,  of  Colorado  Springs, 
of  the  Upper  Ten  M.  &  OH  Co.,  says  they 
will  develop  their  oil  lands  between  Huer- 
fano butte  and  the  Plctou  coal  lands, 
northwest  of  Walsenburg. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  buildings  on  the  Sequin  Bhaft  at 
Leadville  are  up  and  the  machinery  1b  be- 
ing set  up. 

There  are  four  shafts  of  the  Morning 
Star  Con.  M.  Co  ,  near  Leadville,  in  opera- 
tion at  the  present  time;  and  while  no  new 
work  is  being  carried  on,  the  lessees  are 
working  through  the  Upper  and  Lower 
Waterloo,  the  McHarg,  the  Ladder  and 
Porter  No.  3  shafts,  and  are  taking  out 
seventy-five  tons  per  day.  A  part  of  the 
tonnage  Is  manganese  coming  from  the 
Porter  territory,  while  the  McHarg  ehaft 
is  opening  up  a  manganeee  body.  From 
the  Evening  Star  ground  twenty  tone  per 
day  are  being  shipped  from  the  old  work- 
ings, says  the  Carbonate  Chronicle. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

The  holdings  of  the  Devau  M.  Co.  have 
been  sold  to  the  Expansion  M.  &  L.  Co. 
of  Pueblo  for  $25,000.  The  Bay  City 
group  is  16  miles  from  Durango  and  2 
mileB  from  the  railroad.  Coal,  timber  and 
water  are  available.  The  ore  shows  values 
of  $20  per  ton.  W.  L.  Knight  of  Pueblo 
le  preeident,  with  H.  C.  Landran  as  man- 
ager. 

MINERAL  COUNTY. 

The  Humphreys  mill,  near  Creede,  has 
resumed  operations  after  a  temporary 
shut-down  for  overhauling  and  repairs, 
says  Manager  Fitzgerald. 

The  Corsair  mine  at  Sunnyside,  near 
Creede,  has  Increased  its  output  and  Is 
shipping  twenty-five  tons  of  ore  a  week. 

MONTEZUMA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence.)  —  The  East 
Mancoe  G.  M.  Co.,  Mancos,  Colo.,  will  in- 
stall an  aerial  tramway  from  the  mine  to 
the  summit  between  Montezuma  and  La 
Plata  counties,  and  the  ore  hauled  from 
there  by  teams  to  the  railroad  in  Hes- 
perus. 

ManooB,  Aug.  10. 


OURAY  COUNTY. 

It  Is  reported  that  the  Humboldt  mine, 
near  Ouray,  will  be  tapped  by  a  mile-long 
tunnel  within  the  next  year.  The  tunnel, 
which  will  start  near  the  Revenue  tun- 
nel's portal,  will  cut  the  veins  of  the  Hum- 
boldt group  from  2000  to  2500  feet  from 
the  surface,  and  a  mill  will  be  built  at  its 
mouth  to  concentrate  the  ore. 

A  strike  of  free  milling  gold  ore  is  re- 
ported in  the  Bobtail  mine,  owned  by  the 
Barstow  M.  Co.  and  In  Red  Mountain  dis- 
trict, 3  miles  west  of  Ironton.  The  strike 
was  made  2300  feet  from  the  mouth  of  the 
tunnel  at  a  depth  of  2000  feet  from  the 
surface.  The  ore  body  le  14  feet  In  width. 
Superintendent  J.  Gelsel  says  the  tunnel 
was  driven  into  the  mountain  on  a  low- 
grade  body  of  ore  3  feet  In  width,  but  for 
the  past  year  the  ground  hae  been  wet 
and  hard  to  hold.  Finally  It  was  decided 
to  drive  across  to  the  opposite  wall  of  the 
vein,  In  the  hope  of  bettering  the  situa- 
tion, with  the  result  that  thie  shoot  was 
found.  Preparations  are  being  made  to 
build  a  100-ton  mill. 

PARK  COUNTY. 
At  Tarryall  the  Richmond  stamp  mill 
haB  been  improved  and  will  be  In  full 
operation  by  September  1.  The  Wolver- 
ine M.  Co.  has  ore  on  the  dump  ready  for 
treatment.  Others  are  also  prepared  for 
delivery  of  ore  to  the  mill. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Silver- 
ton  Girl,  an  extension  of  the  RIdgway  In 
Maggie  gulch,  near  Silverton,  by  H. 
Sherman  and  A.  S.  Sturgeon. 

T.  Boyle  and  L.  W.  RuBSell  of  Durango 
have  bought  a  half  interest  in  the  CryBtal 
group  of  claims  at  Bear  creek,  near  Sil- 
verton. 

J.  Gordon  and  A.  Sturgeon  have  been 
given  another  lease  on  the  North  Star, 
this  time  between  the  third  and  fourth 
levels. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

Five  pack  trains  of  eighteen  mulee  each 
and  three  six-horse  wagons  are  required 
to  transport  the  product  from  the  Tom- 
boy mlllB,  near  Tellurlde,  to  the  railroad, 
sayB  the  San  Miguel  Examiner.  The  con- 
centrates average  shipments  of  twenty- 
five  cars  (300  tons)  per  week.  In  both 
mines  and  mills  400  men  are  employed. 
The  company  1b  increasing  its  holdinge, 
both  In  Tellurlde  and  Savage  basin,  says 
Manager  Herron.  A  block  of  ground  was 
bought  last  week  In  East  Tellurlde,  and 
the  shipping  station  at  Pandora  will  be 
moved  there,  the  railroad  company  build- 
ing a  Bwlth  for  use  of  the  Tomboy  Co. 

J.  H.  Litchfield,  manager  of  the  Double 
Eagle  group,  in  Bridal  Veil  basin,  near 
Ophir,  says  driving  the  tunnel  is  progreee- 
ing.  Several  veins  have  been  cut  by  the 
bore,  which  is  being  driven  on  the  At- 
lanta vein.  When  the  Double  Eagle  vein 
has  been  cut,  more  men  will  be  put  on  de- 
velopment and  the  ground  opened  up. 
The  company  proposea  building  a  small 
mill  this  fall  for  the  treatment  of  ore  on 
the  dump. 

The  Tidal  Wave  M.  Co.  reports  work 
progressing  on  its  properties  above  Ophir, 
near  Cnamplin  gulch.  G.  Pickett  is  su- 
perintendent. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

G.  E.  Rlghter,  operating  on  southwest 
elope  of  Squaw  mountain,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  reports  opening  a  4  foot  vein  near 
the  surface  which  assays  $8.  He  Is  ar- 
ranging to  build  a  cyanide  mill. 

The  Big  Twenty  M.  Co.,  owning  and 
operating  ground  on  Grouse  mountain, 
near  Cripple  Creek,  ie  equipping  its 
tunnel  with  a  plant  of  machinery  for  de- 
velopment work.  The  tunnel  will  be 
driven  ahead  to  cut  at  depth  of  1000  feet  a 
number  of  veine  that  have  been  opened  In 
Bhallow  workings  on  the  hill  and  which 
show  good  values. 

Manager  A.  Wagner  of  the  Pharmacist 
Con.  M.  Co.  of  Cripple  Creek,  In  his  an- 
nual report  says  the  inauguration  of  the 
leasing  system  has  been  very  satisfactory, 
and  that  Its  operation  through  another 
year  will  leave  them  in  a  position  to  start 
work  on  company  account.  The  lessees 
on  the  north  end,  blocks  1  and  2,  have 
done  600  feet  of  drifting,  crOBScutting  and' 
stoping,  producing  high-grade  ore.  Cross- 
cutting  is  In  progress  to  cut  the  east  and 
west  vein.  The  management  through 
the  operation  of  this  lease  has  been  able 
*o  sink  the  Helm  shaft  200  feet  deeper,  a 
;otal  of  400  feet.  The  lessees  on  blocks  3 
and  4,  on  the  south  end  of  the  claim  (the 
old  workinga),  have  done  400  feet  of  drift- 
ing and  stoping  and  a  large  amount  of  ore 
has  been  shipped.  The  main  ehaft  is  down 
660  feet,  and  it  is  intended  to  eecure  a 
lessee  for  this  portion  of  the  mine  who 
will  sink  at  least  200  feet  more. 

Superintendent  G.  Jordan  started  oper- 
ations at  GUlett  on  the  Summit  tailings 
dump  last  week.  The  material  is  said  to 
run  $7  per  ton  and  the  cyanide  plant  will 
treat  forty  tons  per  day. 

Superintendent  F.  R.  Davis  of  the  new 
cyanide  mill  on  the  Ingham  mine,  near 


105 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15,  1903. 


Cripple  Creek,  started  operations  last 
week.  The  lessees  expect  to  get  returns 
of  $6  In  gold  per  ton. 

W.  B.  Drlscoll  of.  Goldfleld  has  a  lease 
on  the  Black  Diamond  No.  2  and  the 
Snowbank  claims  of  the  Ross-Lewin-Mc- 
Intyre  ground,  on  east  slope  of  Big  Bull 
hill,  near  Cripple  Creek.  The  shaft  on 
the  Black  Diamond  is  200  feet  deep,  where 
a  vein  4  feet  wide  was  cut  during  sinking. 
It  1b  low-grade  oxidized  ore  and  considered 
that  It  can  be  readily  treated  by  the  cya- 
nide process.  It  is  intended  to  build  a 
cyanide  mill  capable  of  treating  thirty- five 
tons  per  day. 

The  official  measurements  of  the  Cripple 
Creek  drainage  tunnel  for  July  show  782 
feet  driven,  which  is  100  feet  more  than 
was  made  in  June;  2' 7  feet  were  driven 
from  the  southwest  heading  from  the  El 
Paso  main  shaft  at  600  feet,  148  feet  from 
the  east  heading  of  No.  2  shaft  and  132 
feet  from  the  west  heading  of  the  same 
shaft,  and  286  feet  from  the  portal  head- 
ing northward.  The  remaining  ground 
to  be  traversed  amounts  to  several  hun- 
dred feet,  which  Is  expected  to  be  broken 
out  by  August  15th. 

The  output  of  Cripple  Creek  district  for 
July  reached  a  total  of  $1,886,900.  The 
smelters,  while  not  treating  as  much  as 
during  other  months,  had  a  higher  gen- 
eral average  than  ever  before,  says  the 
Cripple  Creek  Times.  The  Dorcas  mill 
also  treated  a  high  grade  of  ore.  An 
added  feature  was  the  treatment  of  cya- 
nldlng  ores.  There  were  treated  2800  tone 
by  this  process,  the  total  amount  realized 
being  $13,200.  The  following  figures  show 
details  of  the  output: 

Aver.        Total 
Tons.      Value.      Value. 

Smelters 11,000        $65        $715,000 

U.  S.  R.&R.  Co. 21,000         24         504,000 

Telluride 6,100         27  164,700 

Economic 3,600         26  93,600 

Portland 9,000         30         270,000 

Dorcas 2,800         38  106,400 

Globe 2,000  5  10,000 

Glllett 400  3  1,200 

Cyanide  plants..      400  5  2,000 

Totala 56,300       $26    $1,866,900 

At  Cripple  Creek,  on  the  10th  Inst., 
3000  miners  went  out  on  strike.  All  the 
principal  mines  except  the  Portland,  C. 
K.  &  N,  El  Paso,  Strong  and  Gold  King 
are  closed  down.  It  is  expected  that  all 
union  miners  in  the  district  will  be  called 
out  In  order  to  stop  shipments,  not  only 
to  the  United  States  R.  &  R  Co.  mills, 
but  also  to  the  smelters  operated  by  the 
American  S.  &  R.  Co.  because  of  its  re- 
fusal to  grant  an  eight-hour  day  at  its 
Denver  smelter. 

J.  P.  Burns  of  Colorado  Springs,  presi- 
dent of  the  Portland  G.  M.  Co.,  says  the 
100-drill  compressor  has  been  set  up  in 
shaft  No.  2  at  Independence.  They  will 
resume  sinking  in  all  the  shafts.  No.  1 
shaft  is  1130  feet  deep;  No.  2  shaft,  1290 
feet,  and  No.  3  shaft  Is  1300  feet  deep. 
Levels  will  be  run  out  every  100  feet.  The 
production  of  the  Portland  in  July  was 
8000  tons  of  a  grade  of  ore  running  from 
$25  to  $30  a  ton.  As  to  the  leasing  of  the 
Morse  group,  Burns  stated  the  company 
had  divided  the  north  thirty-five  acres 
into  twelve  blocks,  which  would  be  leased 
only  to  depth  of  250  feet;  all  ground  below 
that  point  being  reserved  to  the  company. 
The  ground  to  be  let  out  extends  to  the 
south  line  of  the  Vanadium  claim  and 
takes  in  No.  3  shaft,  which,  however,  will 
not  be  leased.  There  Is  one  shaft  150  feet 
deep  on  the  Eawkeye  and  three  of  like 
depth  on  the  Wisconsin  claim,  which  will 
be  given  over  to  the  lessees. 

S.  S.  Bernard  of  Colorado  Springs, 
president  of  the  El  PaBO  Con.  G.  M.  Co., 
operating  on  Beacon  hill,  Cripple  Creek, 
says  the  drainage  tunnel  is  progressing 
and  the  drainage  of  the  mine  will  begin 
soon.  The  mine  produced  1200  tons  of  ore 
In  July,  the  ore  coming  from  above  the 
water  level. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Con.  M.  &  M.  Co. 
has  been  Incorporated  by  Boston,  Mass., 
men,  and  they  have  acquired  twenty  acres 
of  patented  ground  on  Gold  hill  and 
Howell  hill,  southeast  of  Victor,  and  a 
lease  on  the  Rocky  Mountain  mine,  on  the 
weBt  slope  of  Beacon  hill. 

IDAHO. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 
The  Minnie  Moore  M.  Co.,  near  Hailey, 
has  been  retarded  because  of  the  strike  of 
smeltermen  at  Denver,  Colo.,  to  which 
smelter  shipments  were  being  made.  All 
the  bins  at  the  smelters  being  full  of  ore 
no  more  can  be  accepted  until  the  bins  are 
emptied. 

BOISE  CODNTY. 

The  Gold  Coin  M.  Co.,  J.  H.  Emery  of 
Idaho  City,  president,  will  put  up  a  5- 
Btamp  mill  this  fall  at  their  mines  near 
the  Washington  mine,  and  put  a  100  H.  P. 
dynamo  on  More  creek,  1J  mile  from  the 
mine,  next  spring.  Work  in  the  shaft, 
which  la  down  50  feet,  will  be  resumed 
this  month,    When  it  reaches  depth  of 


150  feet  stoping  will  begin  and  the  shaft 
continued  down.  Work  will  also  be 
started  in  a  1500-foot  tunnel  to  cut  the 
Blue  Bell  at  depth  of  648  feet  vertical  and 
700  feet  on  the  dip  of  the  ledge.  It  will 
be  started  as  soon  as  the  mill  is  up,  says 
the  Idaho  World.  The  mill  and  machine 
drills  will  be  run  by  electric  power  as  soon 
as  the  plant  is  in. 

CANYON  COUNTY. 

A  one  half  interest  in  the  U.  H.  Clark 
coal  mine  near  Marsh,  above  Emmett,  has 
been  sold  to  J.  Smith,  J.  C.  Hayes,  H.  H. 
Quarles  and  H.  W.  Hart,  who  have  put 
on  men  and  started  taking  out  coal.  One 
crew  will  work  In  the  tunnel  to  supply  Im- 
mediate demands  for  the  coal,  while 
another  will  drive  a  new  tunnel  7  feet 
lower  than  the  old  workings,  in  which  a 
fair  quality  of  coal  has  been  found  at  depth 
of  15  feet  from  the  surface.  The  first  tun- 
nel will  be  abandoned  as  soon  as  the  latter 
has  been  opened  up,  on  account  of  poor 
timbering  and  Improper  drainage;  the 
two  will  be  connected,  however,  In  order 
to  furnish  a  circulation  of  air. 

Manager  M.  M.  Gibson  says  he  will  re- 
sume work  on  the  Grant  and  Globe 
groups,  near  Idaho  City,  this  week.  The 
ore  will  be  treated  by  cyanide  process. 
The  Globe  tunnel  will  be  extended  100 
feet  to  cut  the  ledge.  The  Globe  carries 
gold  but  no  copper.  The  Grant  tunnel  Is 
In  the  foot  wall  of  the  ledge.  The  Grant 
carries  gold,  copper,  lead  and  silver. 

CUSTER   COUNTY. 

Five  miles  from  the  mouth  of  Jordon 
creek,  near  Custer,  a  group  of  fourteen 
claims  are  being  developed  by  the  Bis- 
mark  Mountain  M.  Co.  A  mill  will  be  in 
operation  this  fall.  Adjoining  the  Bls- 
mark  on  the  east,  the  Sunset  M.  Co.  is 
developing  a  group.  A  100-ton  mill  Is  be- 
ing put  up,  which  is  expected  to  be  in  op- 
eration by  Sept.  1.  The  ore  can  be  deliv- 
ered from  the  mine  to  mill  through  a  tun- 
nel. The  company  also  intends  to  put  in 
an  electrlo  power  plant  for  lighting  pur- 
poses. 

The  air  compressor  at  the  mines  of 
the  White  Knob  C.  Co.,  near  Mackay, 
was  started  up  this  week,  and  it  is  ex- 
pected to  drive  ten  machine  drills  at  an 
altitude  of  8000  feet.  The  900-ton  smelter 
will  be  ready  to  "blow in  "  by  Sept.  1st. 

IDAHO   COUNTY. 

At  Roosevelt,  Moore  &  Campbell,  own- 
ers of  the  Wisdom  group,  with  Pinch  & 
Campbell  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  have  bought 
the  Root  &  Panburg  group,  between  the 
Sunnyslde  and  the  Lightning  Peak. 
They  have  put  men  to  work  on  a  700-foot 
tunnel. 

R.  W.  Purdum,  manager  of  the  Sunny- 
side  mine,  near  Roosevelt,  reports  the  ore 
bodies  being  blocked  out  in  the  mine.  He 
has  bought  several  pieces  of  adjoining 
property,  the  Way  land  fraction,  joining 
the  Sunnyslde,  being  among  the  number. 
Superintendent  Abbott  also  has  men  pre- 
paring the  ditch  and  ground  for  the  in- 
stallation of  the  40-stamp  mill. 

Manager  H.  D.. Rankin  of  the  Rankin 
M.  Co.,  on  Rapid  river,  near  Warren,  re- 
ports the  reduction  works  began  oper- 
ations this  week.  The  electric  plant  is  in 
operation. 

The  Big  Creek  G.  M.  Co.  has  bought 
two  groups  of  mining  claims  in  Big  creek 
section  of  Thunder  Mountain  district, 
near  Roosevelt.  The  headquarters  of  the 
company  are  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  W.  M. 
Lucas,  president.  On  the  Logan  Creek 
group,  200  feet  of  tunnel  work  has  been 
done,  and  a  body  of  ore  that  averages  $15 
per  ton  has  been  opened. 

LEMHI  COUNTY. 
The  machinery  for  the  Gold  Dust  M. 
Co.,  of  which  R.  A.  Hasbrouck  of  Salt 
Lake  City  is  manager,  is  being  set  up.  It 
includes  a  10  -  stamp  mill  with  steam 
power  and  an  electric  light  plant.  Has- 
brouck  says  the  mill  will  crush  forty  tonB 
per  day,  the  stamps  weighing  900  pounds 
each.  The  capacity  of  the  mill  will  be  en- 
larged as  rapidly  as  development  will 
justify.    The  mine  is  near  Salmon  City. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTRY. 

F.  W.  Bradley  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
consulting  engineer  of  the  Bunker  Hill  & 
Sullivan  mines  at  Wardner,  sa.ys,  by  rea- 
son of  the  recent  decree  of  Judge  Beatty, 
that  portion  of  the  extralateral  rights  of 
the  Bunker  Hill  claim  that  has'  been  tied 
up  in  litigation  with  the  Latit  Chance 
claim  was  liberated  and  the  mine  opened. 
That. portion  of  the  mine  opened  by  the 
Kellogg  tunnel  showed  good  ore.  One 
hund  red  additional  workmen  will  be  placed 
in,  making  a  total  employed  of  500. 
Added  to  this  increase  in  the  mimes,  they 
are  preparing  to  make  improvements  at 
the  Tacoma  smelter.  A  bag  house,  At  cost 
of  $75,000,  will  be  built,  and  a  roaster,  to 
cost  $25,000. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Rockefeller!  in- 
terests, with  C.  Sweeny  of  Spokane, 
Wash,,  have  formed  the  Federal  M.  &  S. 
Co.  to  control  the  Coeur  d'Alene  lead  mines 
and  engage  in  the  smelting  business.  J. 
A.  Finch  of  the  Standard  and  Mammoth 


mines,  which  will  go  into  the  combine,  is 
interested.  The  deal  will  take  place  in  the 
Rockefeller  mines  (the  Monte  Crlsto)  and 
the  Everett,  Wash.,  smelter,  which  are 
owned  by  them. 

The  Standard  M.  Co.  owns  a  three- 
eighths  interest  in  the  Mammoth  and  the 
adjacent  property,  which  is  also  under 
option  to  the  Sweeny-Rockefeller  inter- 
ests. The  consolidation  would  Include  also 
the  Tlger-Poorman  group  at  Burke  and 
the  Last  Chance  group  at  Wardner, 
owned  by  the  Empire  State-Idaho  Co. 
The  three  properties  combined  are  said  to 
be  producing  about  60%  of  the  argentifer- 
ous lead  mined  in  the  United  States. 

W.  E.  Snyder's  Cow  Creek  placer 
claims,  near  Pierce  City,  have  been  sold  to 
the  Gold  Creek  M.  Co. 

The  10-stamp  mill  of  the  New  Jersey  G. 
M.  Co.  on  the  O.  R.  &  N  ,  2  miles  above 
Kellogg,  is  nearing  completion,  says  the 
Spokesman-Review,  and  the  machinery  is 
being  set  up.  The  mill  will  be  run  by 
water  power,  and  the  8300-foot  flume  is 
finished.  The  mill  is  but  a  short  distance 
from  the  mine  and  a  tramway  will  convey 
the  ore.  The  mine  is  opened  with  a  tun- 
nel, which  Btruck  the  ore  body  at  depth 
of  200  feet.  The  ore  is  free  milling,  and  a 
cyanide  plant  will  treat  the  mill  tailings. 

INDIAN  TERRITORY. 

The  Ketoowah  M.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized at  Muskogee  to  develop  mining  prop- 
erty in  the  Ketoowah  country,  by  J.  C. 
Welch,  T.  P.  Smith  and  W.  T.  Hutch- 
ings. 

KANSAS. 

CHEROKEE    COUNTY. 

The  Badger  M.  Co.,  on  Spring  river, 
near  the  Missouri  line,  near  Joplin,  Mo., 
resumed  operations  this  week  after  some 
delay  In  emptying  its  ground  of  water 
from  the  heavy  floods  of  last  Bprlng.  The 
company  has  two  shafts,  with  27  feet  of 
ore  developed  in  one  and  14  feet  in  an- 
other. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

Houghton  reports  say  it  is  expected  the 
Wolverine  mine,  near  Calumet,  will  yield 
9,500,000  pounds  of  refined  copper  for  the 
year,  which  began  July  1.  Last  year  con- 
struction cost  $38,000. 

Rock  shipments  from  the  Baltic  mine, 
north  of  Painesdale,  for  month  of  July 
were  1500  tons  more  than  for  June  and 
yielded  a  total  of  797  tons  of  refined  cop- 
per.    Baltic  No.  4  hoist  is  in  operation. 

Product  for  the  Champion  mine  at 
Painesdale  for  the  month  of  July  was  734 
tons  of  copper;  and  the  Franklin  mine  at 
Hancock  produced  376}  tons.  At  the 
Champion  mill,  another  jig  has  been  put 
In. 

July  output  of  Lake  mines  are  reported 
as  follows:  Atlantic  mine,  at  Atlantic,  311 
tons  265  pounds;  Trimountain  mine,  north 
of  Painesdale,  425  tons;  Winona  mine,  at 
Winona,  57  tons. 

The  beginning  of  surface  work  by  the 
Calumet  &  Hecla  management  at  the  end 
of  the  property  nearest  the  Centennial  is 
thought  to  indicate  that  the  company  is 
to  turn  Its  attention  to  the  Kearsarge 
lode,  upon  which  it  possesses  an  extensive 
outcrop  north  of  Calumet,  says  the  News. 

MISSOURI. 

JASPER    COUNTY. 

Joplin  reports  state  that  for  the  thirty- 
one  weeks  of  1903  ended  August  1  the  zinc 
output  of  the  district  amounted  to  292,- 
742,280  pounds,  which  has  been  sold  for 
$5,010,285.  The  output  of  lead  during 
the  same  period  has  been  54,910,140 
pounds,  which  was  sold  for  $442,220.  The 
output  of  zinc  is  37,983,000  pounds  less 
than  for  the  corresponding  period  of  1902, 
and  the  lead  output  2,430,000  pounds  be- 
low that  1902.  Notwithstanding  this  de- 
creased production,  the  output  so  far  for 
1903  has  brought  $405,991  more  than  was 
realized  for  all  ore  sold  during  the  corre- 
sponding period  of  1902,  owing  to  the 
higher  prices  which  have  been  obtained. 
As  compared  to  last  year  the  market  is  $2 
per  ton  higher  for  zinc  and  $5  per  ton 
higher  for  lead. 

The  Broken  Four  Co.  started  Its  new 
mill  on  the  Aylor  land  at  Alba  this  week. 

The  New  England  mill  Is  being  moved 

to  the  Boston  Get  There  ground,  where 
Horning  &  Sapp  will  work  the  tailings 
piles. The  Acme  L.  &  Z,  Co.  will  pros- 
pect its  tract  of  land  south  of  Webb  City 
by  drilling. 

The  Anderson  and  Star  mines  on  the 
Granby  land  at  Joplin  have  been  consoli- 
dated with  the  B.  &  H.  M.  Co. Hohen- 

shell  &  Co.  report  having  struck  a  good 
run  of  lead  on  the  American  Bull  Pup 
lease  In  'Possum  Hollow. 

J.  T.  and  W.  S.  Owen  have  a  lease  on 
twelve  acreB  of  the  Consolidated  M.  Co. 
ground,  north  of  Joplin.  The  company 
has  drilled  three  prospect  holes,  two  of 
which  struck  ore  at  depth  of  60  feet  and 
going  to  depth  of  90  feet,  and  the  com- 


pany last  week  started  to  sink  a  shaft  on 
one  of  their  drill  holes. 

Gates,  Nail  &  Martin  have  started  their 
zinc  mill  on  the  Mitchell  land,  near  Jop- 
lin, and  are  making  thirty  tons  per  week. 
Ore  was  found  in  two  shafts  at  the  110- 
foot  level. G.   Brader,   J.   Marrs,   C. 

Kier,  E.  Hansford  and  C.  McGavern  have 
a  lease  on  twenty  acres  of  the  Rusk  farm, 
north  of  Joplin,  and  are  opening  up  their 
ground. 

H.  C.  Holland  of  Indianapolis,  Ind  ,  has 
bought  the  Mulberry  lease  of  the  B.  F. 
Horton  land  near  Duenweg  for  $40,000. 

C.  D.  Pratt  of  Joplin  Is  sinking  a  new 
shaft  at  the  Sassafras  on  the  Midway 
tract.  Pratt,  by  putting  In  heavier 
pumps,  has  succeeded  In  handling  the 
water. T.  Jones  of  Joplin  and  B.  Col- 
lins of  Bradford,  Pa.,  are  operating  the 
Cottonwood  Hollow  mines  near  Joplin, 
and  are  sinking  two  new  shafts.  One  is 
down  54  feet  and  the  other  50  feet,  expect- 
ing to  reach  ore  at  70  feet Four  drill 

holes  have  been  put  down  on  nine  lots  of 
the  Connor  land,  west  of  the  Lucky 
Budge,  by  J.  B.  W.  Amsden,  T.  Sayer 
and  J.  Madeiia  et  al.  of  Joplin.  Three  of 
the  drill  holes  showed  ore  from  140  to  200 
feet.     The  fourth  hole  showed  16  feet  of 

sheet  ground.    A  shaft  Is  being  sunk. 

N.  B.  Llchliter  of  Joplin  reports  drilling 
through  ore  from  45  to  95  feet  on  the 
Eclipse  lease  of  the  Aylor  land  near  Neck 
City. 

C.  M.  Christmas  of  Joplin,  manager  of 
the  Missouri  mine  on  Center  creek,  near 
Carterville,  says  a  company  has  been  or- 
ganized to  take  hold  of  the  Rush  and  Ne- 
braska mines  at  Jackson  Hollow,  and  they 
are  repairing  the  Rush  mill  and  will  put 
up  a  new  mill  on  the  Nebraska  ground. 

The  following  companies  were  Incor- 
porated at  Joplin  last  week:  The  Carrie 
Z.  Lead  &  Zinc  Co.  by  W.  S.  Zehrung,  I. 
M.  Bransfield,  C.  N.  Crlsman  and  H.  S. 
Hurst;  the  Mamie  B.  M.  Co.  by  I.  M. 
Bransfield,  C.  Martin,  W.  S.  Zehrung  and 
J.  N.  Doty;  the  Chapman  M.  Co.  by  F. 
Nicholson,  T.  Chapman,  C.  and  R.  Burnes 
and  B.  Hurst. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

At  Stotts  City  the  Keystone,  C.  C.  C. 
and  McFarlane  mines  report  operations 

resumed   last   week . N.  Larkin  has 

moved  a  hoist  from  the  Jack  Davis  mine 
on  the  Underwood,  north  of  Stotts  City, 
to  the  Small  Hope,  and  says  he  will  begin 
operations  this  week. 

The  output  of  mineral  from  the  mines 
of  Aurora  for  last  week  was  reported  the 
best  in  several  months,  but  only  two  cars 
were  shipped,  on  account  of  a  car  famine, 
which,  if  It  continues,   may  close  down 

some  of  the  mines. Sinking  has  been 

suspended  at  the  Sand  Ridge  mine  at 
Aurora  and  drifting  at  depth  of  330  feet 
started. 

NEWTON    COUNTY. 

Woodcock  &  Sons,  who  bought  the 
Cannonball  mine  at  Granby,  have  put  In 
hoisting  machinery   and   are  taking  out 

zinc  silicate. Smith  &  Co.  have  cleaned 

out  a  shaft  northeast  of  the  Cannonball, 
naming  it  the  Big  Gun,  and  will  develop 

it. The  80  ton  mill  at  the  Globe  M.  Co., 

1  mile  west  of  Diamond,  on  the  Ellis  land, 
was  started  last  week. 

STONE  COUNTY. 

Elder  &  Co.  have  leased  the  Prince  mill 
on  the  New  York  Zinc  Co.  ground  at  Ga- 
lena and  have  begun  active  work. The 

Battlefield  mine  has  been  drained  and 
work  resumed  in  several  of  the  drifts. 

MONTANA 

The  report  of  the  United  States  assay 
office  at  Helena  shows  total  receipts  for 
the  month  of  July  to  have  been  $214,- 
162.08,  as  compared  with  $217,760.46  for 
July,  1902.  From  Montana  gold  to  the 
amount  of  $180,546  32  was  received, 
against  $172,501.95  for  July,  1902,  the 
principal  producers  being  as  follows : 
Fergus  county,  $68, 740 ;  Jefferson  county, 
$10,818 ;  Lewis  and  Clarke,  $17,395  ;  Madi- 
son, $28,081;  Park,  $19,639.  This  does 
not  show  the  entire  production  of  gold  in 
the  various  counties,  for,  while  the  Fer- 
gus county  product,  which  is  principally 
cyanide,  nearly  all  goes  to  the  assay  office, 
there  are  many  mines  in  Lewis  and  Clarke 
and  other  counties  that  send  most  of  their 
products  to  the  smelters  and  none  to  the 
assay  office. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 

In  development  of  the  mine  of  the  Alder 
Gulch  M.  Co.  in  the  Little  Rockies,  near 
Lewistown,  high-grade  shipping  ore  is 
being  taken  out.  Twelve  tons  sent  out 
last  week  netted  the  owners — Zortman, 
Putnam  &  King— $4000.  The  Alder  Gulch 
mill  is  in  operation,  says  Manager  King. 
FLATHEAD   COUNTY. 

Superintendent  D.  P.  Bowers  reports 
work  at  the  Snowshoe  mine,  near  Llbby, 
going  ahead.  The  concentrator  is  run- 
ning steadily,  the  rains  of  last  week  hav- 
ing added  to  the  reserve  water  which  Is 
stored  to  tide  the  mill  over  the  dry  sea- 
son.    At   the  mill    there  are  900  tons  of 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


106 


concentrates,  partly  sacked,  to  be  shipped 
to  the  railroad  at  Libby  All  work  so  far 
this  season  has  been  at  the  200-foot  level. 
The  working  shaft  Is  300  feet  deep  and 
that  portion  below  the  200  la  filled  with 
water.  Their  equipment  Includes  an  elec- 
tric lighting  plant. 

The  Mustang  Con.  M.  Co.,  operating  In 
West  Fisher  district,  on  Great  Northern 
mountain,  near  Llbby,  Is  running  a  tun- 
nel to  cut  five  veins  which  outcrop  In 
Its  group  and  carry  gold  values.  The 
tunnel  Is  In  25S  feet  and  within  the  next 
100  feet  the  first  vein  Is  expected  to  be 
struck.  The  second  vein  will  be  cut  at 
660  feet  on  the  Enterprise,  and  the  fifth 
will  require  a  depth  of  1400  feet.  J.  Cam- 
eron Is  superintendent. 

GRANITE   COUNTY. 

In  Henderson  gulch,  near  Phlllipsburg, 
a  dredger  is  to  be  Installed  to  work  old 
placer  grounds,  says  Manager  C.  E.  Van 
Barneveld  of  a  Minneapolis,  Minn  ,  com- 
pany. Of  late  years  the  Henderson  plac- 
ers nave  been  worked  In  a  small  way  by 
leasers,  operating  with  sluice  boxes  and 
rockers.  The  fields  are  on  the  Bide  of  a 
long  bar. 

JEFFERSON   CODNTY. 

C.  M.  Hewett,  at  the  High  Ore  mine, 
near  Basin,  reports  a  strike  of  ore.  The 
tunnel  was  continued  and  the  lead  cut  at 
a  depth  of  800  feet.  Forty-three  feet  of 
concentrating  ore  is  shown,  and  the  width 
of  tbe  shipping  ore  in  the  face  Is  not  yet 
determined.  The  tunnel  is  In  2150  feet  and 
a  drift  Is  being  run  west. 

A  gold  strike  is  reported  from  one  of 
the  claims  taken  over  by  the  Rose  G.  M. 
Co.,  near  Jefferson  City. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Argo 
Copper  M.  Co.  is  developing  a  group  of 
copper  claims  26  miles  north  of  Helena, 
says  Consulting  Engineer  F.  L.  Slzer.  A 
concentrator  with  a  capacity  of  forty  tons 
per  day  has  been  built,  and  it  is  expected 
to  be  In  operation  this  week. 

Helena,  Aug.  10. 

The  Jay  Gould  mines,  under  bond  to 
the  Standard  Ore  Co  of  Helena,  will  be 
further  developed.  The  Jay  Gould  Is  in 
Canyon  Creek  range,  20  miles  north  of 
Helena,  and  carries  gold  and  silver.  There 
is  a  large  amount  of  tailings  which,  it  is 
said,  are  amenable  to  cyanide,  and  these 
will  be  treated. 

W.  A.  Simmons  and  A.  Berquist  of 
Basin  have  leased  ground  on  the  corner 
of  Third  and  Chaucer  Btreets,  In  Helena, 
for  the  purpose  of  sinking  a  shaft  and  fol- 
lowing a  lead  of  gold  ore  which  Is  claimed 
to  run  northeast  from  the  lime  quarries, 
300  feet  distant,  on  Chaucer  Btreet. 
MADISON   COUNTY. 

The  Damours  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated under  South  Dakota  laws, 
with  J.  B.  Woodburn,  L.  H.  Bearse, 
W.  C.  Bennett,  E.  T.  Howes,  A.  P.  Bas- 
sett  and  M.  Speight  of  Springfield,  Mass  , 
as  directors,  and  C.  E.  Damours  of  Vir- 
ginia City,  Mont.,  as  manager.  The  prop- 
erties of  the  company  are  at  Summit,  8 
miles  Bouth  of  Virginia  City,  and  com- 
prise fifteen  claims,  including  the  Ptomey, 
Damours  and  BryBOn  lodes,  which  are 
said  to  contain  good  bodies  of  milling  ore. 

NEVADA. 

ESMERALDA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence.)— S.  R.  Was- 
BOn  and  E.  A.  Montgomery  are  reported 
to  have  located  a  large  deposit  of  native 
alum  about  12  miles  north  of  Silver  Peak 
and  4  miles  from  the  proposed  railroad 
from  Sodaville  to  Tonopah.  The  deposit 
has  been  exposed  for  1000  feet  in  width, 
and  It  is  said  that  the  indications  are  that 
it  is  much  wider.  The  deposit  alBO  con- 
tains native  sulphur. 

Silver  Peak,  Aug.  10. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

In  Crescent  district,  18  miles  west  of 
Searchlight  and  14  miles  northeasterly 
from  the  Ivanpah  terminus  of  the  Barn- 
well branch  of  the  Santa  Fe  Railroad, 
G.  Simmons,  who  owns  the  turquoise 
mines,  has  bought  the  Tiger  gold  claim 
and  is  having  a.  shaft  sunk  by  contract, 
says  the  Searchlight.     There  is  a  body  of 

$8  ore  opened. R.  D.  Kinney  has  done 

several  hundred  feet  of  work  on  a  ledge 
northeast  of  Crossman  Springe  that  assays 
well  in  silver,  with  some  gold. 

The  Mobile  and  Copper  Chief  mines,  In 
Yellow  Pine  district,  have  been  bonded  to 
O'Meara  &  Lynch  of  Tonopah,  Nye 
county.  The  two  claims  adjoin  and  are  3 
miles  northeast  of  Sandy.  They  contain 
copper  values. 

A  new  shaft  is   being  sunk  on  the  coal 
deposits  40  miles  from  Ploche. 
STOREY  COUNTY. 

At  the  Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia,  at  Virginia 
City,  the  superintendent's  report  for 
week  ending  August  8th  shows  on  2150- 
foot  level,  the  southerly  drift  from  end  of 
east  crosscut  from  winze  from  1950  level 
was  advanced  8  feet  in  quartz,  of  low 
assay  value,  and  porphyry;  over  the  sev- 


enth floor  northeasterly  drift  from  three- 
compartment  raise  from  this  level,  worked 
on  the  twelfth,  thirteenth  and  fourteenth 
floors  In  tbe  north  stope  and  extracted 
ore  of  second  grade.  In  the  main  shaft, 
have  taken  out  tbe  discharge  column  of 
No.  2  elevator  between  the  1750  and  2150- 
foot  levels,  as  It  is  no  longer  needed  be- 
tween these  levels.  No.  1  elevator  and 
the  three  Reldler  pumps  were,  on  the  5th 
Inst.,  put  in  successful  operation  of  lower- 
ing the  water,  which  Is  now  down  to  2250- 
foot  level  station.  The  Cornish  pumping 
system  is  being  taken  out  below  the  2150- 
foot  level,  and  the  shaft  compartments 
are  being  cleaned.  Total  extraction  of 
ore  for  week,  fifty-seven  cars,  assaying  on 
basis  of  gold  value  $10  04  per  ton. 

At  the  Seg.  Beloher  at  Gold  Hill,  for 
week  ending  August  8th,  on  1100-foot 
level,  the  east  crosscut  near  the  south 
line  was  continued  9  feet;  total  675  feet; 
face  In  porphyry.  The  electric  blower  1b 
running  and  furnishing  a  current  of  cool 
air.  The  work  of  enlarging  the  joint  main 
drift  from  the  Overman  north  line  north 
of  the  Belcher  Incline  la  progressing. 

A.  C.  Kyle,  superintendent  of  the  Alpha 
and  Exchequer  mines  at  Virginia  City, 
says  he  is  preparing  to  reBume  work 
there.  Large  bodies  of  low-grade  gold- 
bearing  rock  are  said  to  exist  in  the 
Alpha  and  Exchequer,  which,  with  the 
reduced  rates  for  mining  and  milling 
made  poaalble  by  the  introduction  of  elec- 
trlct  power,  it  is  expected  can  be  handled 
at  a  profit. 

Arrangements  have  been  made  by  the 
mining  companies  on  the  Comstock,  near 
Virginia  City,  and  President  Leonard,  of 
the  Comstock  Tunnel  Co.,  in  regard  to 
putting  the  Sutro  tunnel  in  repair. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  the  Grand  Deposit  C. 
M.  Co  has  taken  a  bond  on  tbe  Victoria 
copper  group  of  claims,  in  Granite  Moun- 
tain mining  district,  near  the  Bimetallic 
and  Jupiter  groups,  40  miles  northeaat  of 
Cherry  Creek,  says  the  Cherry  Creek 
Miner. 

The  Wide  Weat  M.  Co. 'a  mill  near 
Cherry  Creek  is  completed  and  in  oper- 
ation, says  Superintendent  Lelshman. 

The  Pick  &  Gad  M.  &  M.  Co.  was  in- 
corporated last  week  in  New  York  City, 
to  operate  the  Pick  &  Gad  mine  at  Cherry 
Creek,  by  J.  Howard,  C.  Wah  and  J.  Cal- 
lahan of  Cherry  Creek.  The  Pick  &  Gad 
carries  free-milling  gold,  with  average 
values  $10  per  ton,  in  a  4  foot  ledge,  on 
which  a  155-foot  shaft  has  been  sunk. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

The  owners  of  the  Aztec  group  at  Pinoa 
Altoa  will  build  a  60-ton  concentrator  for 
U8e  of  Lessee  W.  McAllister.  The  con- 
centrator will  handle  the  low  grade  ores 
of  the  Aztec,  which  consist  of  silver  sul- 
phides and  gold,  says  the  New  Mexican. 
The  engine,  boiler,  timbers  and  other  ma- 
terial of  the  Aztec  mill,  north  of  Silver 
City,  will  be  removed  to  south  of  Pinos 
Altos.  The  concentrator  will  have  rolls, 
screens,  jigs  and  dry  concentrating  table. 
The  plant  1b  expected  to  be  in  operation 
by  November. 

The  B.  F.  Copp  half  interest  in  the  Vir- 
ginia mine  in  the  Burro  mountains,  near 
Silver  City,  has  been  sold  to  L  P.  Dom- 
ing of  the  Alessandro  M.  &  M.  Co.  Dom- 
ing has  miners  at  work  sinking  a  shaft  to 
connect  with  a  30-foot  winze  which  is  in  a 
drift  off  the  main  shaft. 

GUADALUPE  COUNTY. 

South  of  Tucumcari  several  copper 
prospects  are  being  developed,  says  the 
New  Mexican. 

OTERO    COUNTY. 

The  Three  Beara  M.  Co.  1b  developing 
Its  holdlnga  at  Jarllla  under  Manager 
F.  B.  Schermerhorn.  A  4-foot  vein  of 
ore  haa  been  cut  at  the  200-foot  level  that 
runs  $20  per  ton  in  gold  and  copper  val- 
ues. Philadelphia,  Pa ,  men  are  inter- 
ested.    The  shaft  will  be  sunk  to  a  depth 

of  1000  feet A  well  is  being  sunk  to  a 

depth  of  900  feet  at  Jarllla  to  furnish 
water  for  the  placers,  and  is  down  200 
feet.     G.  F.  Moffit  is  auperlntendent. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Work  will  be  resumed  on  the  Confi- 
dence mine  at  Fairvlew,  Bays  Superin- 
tendent T.  Scalea,  who  la  rebuilding  the 
road  to  the  mine. 

SOCORRO  COUNTY. 

The  Milling  &  Mining  Dividend  Co.  will 
resume  operations  this  month  at  Estey 
City.  The  company  is  reported  negotiat- 
ing for  more  claims  in  the  district. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

The  Taber  Con.  Fraction,  on  the  lode 
between  tbe  end  lines  of  the  Eureka  and 
the  two  fractions  adjoining  the  Columbia 
mine  near  Sumpter,  was  bought  last  week 
by  the  GeiBer-Hendryx  I.  Co.  for  $25,000. 

The  te8tlng   mill  and    sampler  of  Mc- 


Ewen,  Arthur  &  McEwen,  at   Sumpter,  is 
In  operation. 

It  is  proposed  to  put  up  a  mill  this  fall, 
says  Superintendent  Cable  of  the  Adelene 
mine  In  Rock  Creek  basin,  near  Sumpter. 
GRANT    COUNTY. 

Work  at  the  Blaok  Jack  mine,  south  of 
the  Oregon  Monarch  mine,  near  Granite, 
is  progressing,  says  Superintendent 
Sheedy.  Last  week  work  was  started  on 
a  number  of  buildings.  Lincoln,  Neb  ,  par- 
ties are  Interested. 

G.  W.  Dart,  who  has  leased  the  Hum- 
boldt ditch  for  placer  mining,  has  had  to 
suspend  operations  because  of  the  lack  of 
water.  The  bedrock  has  been  washed  and 
a  satisfactory  cleanup  made,  reports  Dart. 
JOSEPHINE    COUNTY. 

It  is  Intended  to  place  a  40-stamp  mill 
on  the  Benton  mine,  on  Whiskey  creek, 
in  the  Mt  Reuben  district  near  Grant's 
Pass  this  fall,  says  the  Courier.  There  Is 
plenty  of  water  power  for  the  operation  of 
mill  and  electric  plant. 

The  Gold  King  mine,  on  Josephine 
creek  near  Grant's  PasB,  has  been  bought 
by  a  company  composed  of  A.  J.  Roe,  D. 
T.  and  J.  A.  Evans,  of  Fort  Worth,  Tex., 
and  M.  Marks,  of  Grant's  Pass,  who  Is  su- 
perintendent. The  new  owners  will  put 
on  a  complete  equipment  of  mining  ma- 
chinery, with  stamp  mill,  pumping  plant, 
etc.  Men  will  be  started  to  work  on  the 
main  shaft. 

MORROW  COUNTY. 
A  coal  mine  Is  being  opened  up  on  the 
headwaters  of  Willow  creek,  21  miles 
southeast  of  Heppner,  by  the  Heppner 
Railroad  &  Coal  Co.  Bunkers  that  will 
contain  forty-five  tons  have  been  built, 
and  work  Is  in  progress  on  the  railway 
track  to  connect  with  the  O.  R.  &  N.  into 
Heppner. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 
The  annual  report  of  Manager  Thomp- 
son of  the  Columbus  Con.  G.  M.  Co.,  oper- 
ating northeast  of  Central  City,  shows 
that  the  amount  of  work  done  is  6089  feet 
and  the  total  sum  expended  by  the  com- 
pany In  labor,  tools,  etc  ,  totaled  $191,923. 
On  the  Columbus  claim  the  old  shaft  haa 
been  sunk  to  a  depth  of  300  feet ;  1078  feet 
of  crosscuts  have  been  run  from  the  200- 
foot  level,  which  shows  four  veins  which 
asBay  from  $1  to  $8  The  Columbus  shaft 
house  has  been  rebuilt  and  enlarged  and  a 
12-drlll  air  compressor  and  double-drum 
hoist  put  In.  On  the  Dalton  group  1730 
feet  of  drifts,  tunnels  and  crosscuts  have 
been  run,  blocking  out  ore.  On  the  L. 
&  F.  Claims  2461  feet  of  tunnels  and  drifts 
have  been  run.  There  have  been  run  625 
feet  of  tunnels  and  cuts  on  other  of  the 
company's  properties.  In  addition  the 
company  has  built  wagon  roads  and  made 
other  improvements.  They  have  added 
to  the  original  purchase  the  Portland  mill, 
which  has  been  rebuilt  and  enlarged  to 
treat  seventy  tons  of  ore  per  day.  The 
mill  is  saving  80%  of  the  values  of  the  ore. 
It  is  proposed  to  increase  their  treating 
capacity  by  building  an  amalgamation  and 
cyanide  mill  of  1000  tons  daily  capacity. 

UTAH. 

In  the  ore  and  bullion  market  the 
month  of  July  closed  on  settlements  ag- 
gregating $1,829,250  (this  independent  of 
the  product  from  the  furnaces  of  the  cop- 
per smelters)  Compared  with  the  corre- 
sponding month  of  1902,  this  shows  an  in- 
crease of  20%,  though  the  producers  are 
sending  out  only  such  orea  as  are  neces- 
sary to  maintain  the  payroll  and  provid- 
ing for  dividends  while  waiting  for  a  bet- 
ter metal  market.  However,  the  tonnage 
of  every  camp  shows  an  increase  over 
July,  1902.  The  most  noticeable  increase 
has  been  in  the  tonnage  of  copper-bearing 
rock.  The  output  of  copper  bullion  carry- 
ing gold  and  silver  at  the  furnaces  of  the 
"independent  plants  "  during  the  month 
of  July  was  reduced  to  2,511,984  pounds 
(from  2  546,686  pounda  for  June),  the 
ahrinkage  due  largely  to  an  interruption 
at  the  Highland  Boy,  during  which  a  num- 
ber of  changea  were  made,  says  the  Salt 
Lake  Tribune. 

Pounds. 

Bingham  Con 759,544 

Highland  Boy 1,020,680 

United  States 731,760 

Americans.  &  R.  Co 1,200,000 

Total 3,711,984 

Of  this  class  of  bullion  a  material  in- 
crease is  expected  during  the  last  half  of 
the  year.  It  is  said  that  at  the  Bingham 
Con.  the  fourth  furnace  will  be  blown  in 
before  Sept.  1.  The  Highland  Boy  will 
increase  its  capacity  to  750  tons  of  ore 
daily.  The  United  States  Co.  will  put  in 
a  sixth  furnace,  and  It  is  expected  the  Tin- 
tic  M.  Co.  will  have  Its  furnaces  under  fire 
before  the  first  of  the  year. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 

Two  of  the  gasoline  hoists  for  the  Royal 
C.   Co.— one  15  H.   P.  and   the  other  40 


H.  P. — are  on  the  ground  to  be  set  up  at 
the  Montreal  group,  near  Mllford. 
JUAB  COUNTY. 
Shipments  for  the  month  of  July  from 
Tlntlc  district  amounted,  In  cars  of  ore,  to: 

Bullion-Beck 41 

Carlea 10 

Centennial-Eureka 121 

Eureka  HU1 10 

Gemini 29 

Grand  Central 86 

Mammoth 10 

Star  Con 12 

Uncle  Sam  Con 17 

Victor 12 

Yankee  Con 20 

Seven  others 16 

Total 384 

Iron  ores: 

Black  Jack 59 

Dragon  Iron  mine 74 

Noon  Iron  mine 13 

Total 146 

Concentrates: 

May  Day 4 

South  Swansea  jigs 1 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  Cluster  M.  Co.  holdings  at  Bingham 
have  been  taken  over  by  W.  M.  Ferry 
and  M.  H.  Walker.  The  Cluster  group 
lies  between  the  United  States  M.  Co. 
ground  on  the  west  and  the  Bingham 
Con.  Dalton  &  Lark  group  on  the  east 
The  ores  show  values  In  lead,  gold  and 
sliver.  To  tap  the  ore  bodies  at  vertical 
depth  of  600  feet,  a  tunnel  is  being  driven 
a  distance  of  1100  feet  by  Superintendent 
C.  A.  Falco,  of  Bingham. 

The  management  of  the  Mystic  Shrine 
mine  of  Bingham  has  bought  the  St. 
Elmo,  a  patented  location  adjoining  the 
company's  territory  on  the  south.  Within 
the  next  125  feet  it  Is  expected  the  main 
tunnel,  in  725  feet,  will  reach  the  main  ore 
body,  says  Manager  E.  W.  Young.  The 
equipment  has  been  increased. 
SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

At  Park  City  It  is  reported  work  will 
be>  resumed  at  the  Constellation  mine,  of 
which  H.  Sutton  is  superintendent.  It  la 
claimed  that  the  Constellation  carries  an 
extension  of  the  Ontario  veins.  It  Is  in- 
tended to  do  development  work  on  the 
350-foot  level. 

Work  has  been  atarted  on  the  Donovan 
group,  recently  incorporated.  The  mines 
are  northwest  of  Park  City,  near  the 
Keith  &  Fluelling  group;  the  company  la 
composed  of  Iowa  and  Utah  men. 

Superintendent  C.  L.  Rood  of  the  On- 
tario mine,  near  Park  City,  says  prepara- 
tions are  being  made  to  build  a  concen- 
trating mill.  On  the  2000-foot  level  of  the 
Ontario  a  compound  duplex  pump  la  being 
set  up,  which  will  be  in  readinesB  In  case 
of  emergency,  should  a  large  volume  of 
water  be  cut.  The  pump  was  formerly  on 
the  1300-foot  level  and  has  a  capacity  of 
1000  gallons  a  minute. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 

Work  has  been  suspended  at  the  Old 
Colony  mine,  near  Stockton,  for  an  in- 
definite period,  says  the  Mammoth  Re- 
cord.  Work  at  the  Manhattan  mine, 

which  has  been  suspended  for  a  few  weeks, 
has  been  resumed  by  T.  Falrchlld  under  a 
contract  to  sink  another  100  feet. 
UINTA  COUNTY. 

Work  Is  reported  progressing  at  the 
twelve  wells  now  drilling  near  Evanaton, 
and  two  or  three  are  expected  to  atrlke 
oil  thle  week.  The  Atlantic  &  Pacific  Co. 
haa  completed  well  No.  2,  estimated  to 
yield  fifty  barrels  per  day.  None  of  the 
wells  In  the  field  have  been  shot  as  yet, 
owing  to  lack  of  storage  capacity.  Six 
1000-barrel  tanka  are  on  the  ground  at 
Spring  Valley  for  the  Atlantic  &  Pacific 
Co  ,  and  a  teBt  will  be  made  of  No.  1   and 

No.  2  wells. The  American   Con.   Co. 

are  nearlng  the  sand  in  their  well  No.  3, 
and  have  drilled  200  feet  on  No.  1  well. 
Another    derrick    is  being   built  on   the 

same  section. Work  at  the  Jager  well 

No  2  haB  been  suspended.  About  1000 
barrela  of  oil  waa  pumped  from  their  well 
No.  1,  which  la  a  twenty-five  barrel  well. 

The  Bettys  Oil  &  Dev.  Co.  has  been 

shut  down  for  bIx  weeks  waiting  for  cas- 
ing   The  Michigan-Wyoming  Oil  Co. 

has  reached  a  depth  of  1200-feet,  but  is 
having  trouble  with  the  water. 

WASHINGTON. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

J.  M.  Hagerty,  principal  owner  of  the 
Ruby  mine,  Okanogan  district,  near 
Loomis,  has  bought  the  Golden  Zone  con- 
centrator and  will  put  it  on  the  Ruby  and 
expects  to  be  treating  ore  before  Sept.  1. 
While  the  upper  workings  are  supplying 
ore  it  is  the  intention  to  Btart  a  main  tun- 
nel at  the  baBe  of  the  mountain,  several 
hundred  feet  below  the  other  tunnel. 
There  is  a  quantity  of  low-grade  ore  on 
the  dump  that  can  be  concentrated. 

Work  was   started   last  week   at   the 


107 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15, 1903. 


Crystal  Butte  mine  on  Copper  mountain, 
near  Chesaw.  Several  buildings  are  be- 
ing put  up,  and  when  these  are  finished 
men  will  be  put  to  work  in  the  mine  tak- 
ing out  ore.  The  concentrating  plant  iB 
being  overhauled  and  repaired,  says  the 
Spokesman-Review.  Men  are  at  work  on 
the  Delate,  owned  by  the  Interstate  M. 
Co.,  and  the  number  will  be  increased. 
Thev  will  take  out  ore  for  treatment  in 
the  mill,  which  will  also  do  custom  work. 
Several  other  properties  are  starting  up 
and  will  furnish  ore  at  the  mill.  O.  P. 
Anderson  is  vice-president  and  manager  of 
the  company  and  H.  Thompson  superin- 
tendent. The  Crystal  Butte  is  leased  by 
the  Interstate  Co.  from  the  Crystal  Butte 
M.  Co.  of  Spokane. 

M.  A.  Smalley,  manager  of  the  Wyan- 
dot M.  Co.,  Bays  arrangements  are  being 
made  to  again  start  work  on  the  Oregon 
mine,  7  miles  west  of  Chesaw.  There  are 
three  claims  in  the  group. 

STEVENS  COUNTY. 

The  month  of  July  showed  considerable 
activity  in  the  marble  industry  in  Stevens 
county,  says  the  Spokesman-Review. 
Two  new  plants  have  been  installed,  one 
including  a  channeler  now  in  operation  on 
the  Standard  Marble  Co.  's  ground,  4  miles 
east  of  Colvllle,  and  a  drilling  plant  on  the 
properties  bonded  by  J.  A.  Finch  et  al.  of 
Spokane.  The  Finch  group  (the  Queen 
of  Sheba)  is  16  miles  north  of  Colville. 
The  Crystal  Marble  Co.,  operating  near 
Addy,  shipped  five  carloads  of  rough 
stone  to  its  works  in  Spokane  during  the 
past  month.  The  Jefferson  Marble  Co., 
on  Clugston  creek,  has  men  at  work  run- 
ning its  channeler  and  has  twenty  car- 
loads of  marble  ready  for  shipment. 
They  have  Bhipped  two  carloads  to  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.  The  United  States  Marble 
Co.  has  put  out  a  carload  of  green  marble 
for  New  York.  A  number  of  other 
smaller  properties  are  doing  development 
work.  It  is  estimated  that  the  marble  in- 
dustry of  Stevens  county  is  giving  em- 
ployment to  200  men. 

In  the  injunction  suit  of  M  F.  Gibson 
vs.  Indian  Agent  Anderson,  Judge  Han- 
ford  of  the  United  States  Circuit  Court  at 
Spokane  has  rendered  a  decision  uphold- 
ing Agent  Anderson  in  expelling  Gibson 
from  the  Spokane  Indian  reservation, 
where  the  latter  had  located  mining 
claims.  Gibson  contended  that  under  the 
general  law  he  could  locate  claims  pre- 
vious to  the  President's  proclamation 
withdrawing  the  land  and  hold  them  in 
spite  of  that  order. 

WYOMING. 

LANDER  COUNTY. 
C.  Walter,  manager  and  director  of  the 
Belgo-American  Drilling  Trust,  says 
since  buying  the  Henderson  wells  in  the 
Popo  Agle  fields,  near  Lander,  eight  new 
gushers  have  been  struck.  The  news  was 
not  made  public,  as  the  wells  were  plugged 
as  soon  as  the  oil  flow  was  encountered,  and 
will  remain  plugged  until  the  completion 
of  the  proposed  railroad  into  that  section. 
The  railroad  will  go  west  from  Casper,  in- 
stead of  Guernsey,  the  Burlington  termi- 
nus in  Wyoming,  the  Northwestern 
railroad  having  entered  into  an  agreement 
with  the  company.  Estimates  on  the 
work  have  been  made  on  the  construction 
of  the  line,  which  will  be  165  miles  in 
length. 

FOREIGN. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 
This  week  the  four  furnaces  at  the 
Granby  smelter  at  Grand  Forks  will  be 
blown  out,  for  the  purpose  of  connecting 
up  the  two  new  furnaces,  which  will  re- 
quire about  ten  days,  when  all  six  will  be 
operated.  In  the  meantime  ore  shipments 
from  the  company's  mines  will  be  discon- 
tinued, says  Superintendent  Williams,  but 
the  miners  will  continue  work,  as  there  is 
storage  room  in  the  mines  for  a  large 
amount  of  ore.  When  shipments  are  re- 
sumed they  will  be  at  the  rate  of  2,200 
tons  daily.  The  Granby  smelter  at  Grand 
Forks,  for  the  week  ending  Aug.  1st, 
treated  8832  tons,  making  a  total  of  186,- 
307  tons  for  the  year.  Shipments  were: 
Week.        Total. 

Granby 8,295        197,780 

Mother  Lode 3,100  58,830 

Snowshoe 1,560         33,772 

B.  C 600  18,475 

Emma 10,016 

Sunset 256  8,481 

Providence 634 

Oro  Denoro 320  620 

Athelstan 60  435 

Elkhorn 129 

Totals 14,191        328,171 

This  makes  the  output  for  the  month  of 
July  57,492  tons. 

Two  more  gold  bars  from  the  Waterloo 
mine  in  Camp  McKinney  were  sent  out 
laBt  week,  valued  at  $5,120,  making  $8000 
produced  in  forty  days'  running.  Opera- 
tions were  started  June  16,  and  with  five 


stamps  the  mill  iB  treating  twelve  tons  a 
day.  In  addition  to  the  gold  bullion  the 
mine  has  received  $3630  net  on  shipments 
of  high  grade  ore  to  the  smelter,  and  has 
another  car  which  will  be  shipped  this 
month,  in  addition  to  a  carload  of  concen- 
trates. Manager  D.  Clark  is  planning  to 
add  to  the  mill. 

NELSON  DISTRICT. 
G.  H.  Barnhardt  has  leased  the  Porto 
Rico  mine  from  the  Canadian  Pacific  Ex. 
Co.,  Ltd.,  of  London,  England.  He  will 
start  work  this  week.  The  mine  is  a  free 
milling  proposition  at  the  head  of  Barret 
creek,  near  Ymir. 

ROSSLAND  DISTRICT. 
The  output  from  the  mines  of  Rossland 
Camp  for  the  week  ending  August  1st 
were  slightly  below  normal,  largely  due  to 
decreased  consumption  at  Le  Roi  Bmelter, 
where  the  number  of  furnaces  in  opera- 
tion have  been  reduced  pending  increased 
coke  supplies  from  East  Kootenay,  says 
the  Rossland  Miner.  Construction  work 
at  Le  Roi  2  and  the  White  Bear  mines 
is  reported  progressing.  Shipments  from 
Rossland  camp  for  week  ending  August 
1st  and  for  year  to  date  are  as  follows: 

Week.         Year. 

Le  Roi 3,930        108.185 

Centre  Star 1,530         48,415 

War  Eagle 1,080         34,335 

Kootenay 420  4,186 

Le  Roi  No.  2 630  16,542 

Velvet 3,376 

Giant 698 

Jumbo 150  542 

I.  X.  L 70 

White  Bear 297 

O.  K 25 

Homestake 90 

TotalB 7,770        216,762 

This  gives  the  output  of  the  month  of 
July  at  21,340  tons,  as  compared  with  36,- 
360  tons  for  June. 

The  Velvet  mine,  near  Rossland,  has 
suspended  operations  indefinitely.  Man- 
ager W.  Gray  says  the  Velvet  is  unfortu- 
nate in  respect  to  transportation.  The 
charges  for  transporting  the  ore  from  the 
mine  to  the  railroad  are  excessive,  owing 
to  the  distance  and  altitude,  and  the 
chargeB  for  bringing  in  supplies  equally 
heavy.  Under  existing  conditions  ore  is 
not  payable  that  does  not  carry  over  $20 
per  ton.  The  Velvet  has  bodies  of  ore 
blocked  out  running  from  $12  to  $20. 
During  the  past  ten  months  the  mine  has 
shipped  5000  tons  of  high-grade  ore. 

SLOCAN    DISTRICT. 

The  Comstock  mine,  near  Slocan  City, 
is  being  worked  by  W.  Hunter  with  ten 
men.  Ten  inches  of  ore  has  been  exposed 
on   the   surface  between  No.  4  and  No.  5 

tunnels. The     concentrator    at    the 

Wakefield  mine  is  being  remodeled  and 
when  completed  will  have  capacity  of  150 
tons  per  day. 

The  amount  of  silver-lead  ore  being 
shipped  through  Kalso  from  Slocan  mines 
is  reported  daily  increasing.  Want  of 
miners  is  hampering  operations. 

YALE  DISTRICT. 
H.  Stanislawaky,  manager  of  the  Mount 
Baker  &  Yale  M.  Co.,  at  Yale,  says  he  will 
put  a  60-stamp  mill  and  concentrator  on 
the  company's  property,  5  miles  south  of 
Yale.  The  ore  is  in  a  porphyry  dike  80 
feet  wide.  There  are  eighteen  men  on 
development  work.  There  is  a  wagon 
road  built  down  to  the  Fraser  river  and  a 
cable  line  across  it  with  sixty-four  tons 
capacity. 

CANADA. 

ALBERTA. 
Development  work  is  progressing  on 
the  coal  properties  of  the  International 
Coal  &  Coke  Co.,  3  miles  west  of  Blair- 
more,  and  extending  from  the  railroad 
south  a  distance  of  7  miles,  says  Manager 
A.  R.  Paulson.  Two  main  entries  have 
been  started  at  this  point,  wagon  roads 
built,  the  erection  of  tipples  prepared  for 
and  surveys  run  for  building  side  tracks, 
etc,,  to  connect  the  mine  with  the  rail- 
road. The  company  has  laid  out  yards 
for  a  large  number  of  coke  ovens  and  is 
building  a  few  ovens  in  which  to  test  the 
coking  qualities  of  the  coal  from  their 
various  seams.  Shipments  of  coal  have 
begun  and  two  carloads  are  being  taken 
out  daily  in  course  of  development  work. 

ONTARIO. 

(Special  Correspondence.) — The  Black 
Bay  M.  Co.,  on  a  peninsula  east  of  Port 
Arthur,  are  sinking  on  a  copper  prospect, 
which  is  reported  to  give  very  encourag- 
ing results,  the  ore  running  from  $7  to 
over  $60  per  ton.  The  rock  contains  na- 
tive copper.  A  shaft  is  being  sunk,  now 
down  118  feet,  and  a  level  started  at  76 
feet  from  the  surface.  The  company  is 
composed  of  Wlllmar,  Minn.,  men,  G.  P. 
Karwand,  president.  Several  of  the  di- 
rectors recently  visited  the  mine,  and 
have  decided  to  increase  the  plant  by  the 
addition  of  larger  hoisting  machinery  and 


to  continue  developments  to  a  greater 
depth. 

Willmar,  Aug.  9. 

A.  P.  Coleman  of  the  Bureau  of  Mines 
reports  the  Helen  iron  mine  in  Michipi- 
coten  district  being  opened  up  with  satis- 
factory results.  They  are  raising  1400 
tons  of  ore  daily.- At  Sudbury  and  Cop- 
per Cliff,  the  nickel  camps,  operations  are 
active.  The  Canadian  Copper  Co.  is  re- 
constructing its  plant.  For  the  present 
the  Creighton  mine,  one  of  their  most  im- 
portant nickel  mines,  is  closed  in  order 
that  all  the  men  may  be  utilized  in  the  re- 
construction work. The  Hutton   iron 

mine  range,  north  of  Sudbury,  is  also  be- 
ing worked. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

The  Stilwell  M.  Co.  has  work  started 
on  its  Germania  mine,  adjoining  the  Two 
Republics,  near  Parral.  A  general  sam- 
ple from  the  surface  gives  an  average 
assay  of  sixteen  ounce  silver,  says  the 
Enterprise. 

The  Guazapares  M.  Co.  has  its  mines  at 
Guazapares  under  option  of  sale  and  is 
timbering  its  shaft.  If  the  Bale  does  not 
go  through  the  company  will  start  opera- 
tions September  1.  The  leaching  plant  of 
forty  tons  daily  capacity  is  reported  to 
work  satisfactorily  in  treating  their  gold- 
silver  ores. 

The  PittBburg-San  Jose  R.  &  R.  Co. 
has  two-thirdB  of  the  rails  for  its  railroad 
from  the  Gavalana  mines  to  the  mill  at 
San  Jose  del  Sitio  hauled  out  from  Palo- 
mas  station  on  the  Mexican  Central,  about 
90  miles,  and  track  laying  is  progressing. 
JALISCO. 

The  Tula  Iron  Co.  has  been  organized 
under  New  Jersey  laws  to  take  over  the 
Tula  Fereria  iron  works  and  mines  in 
Sayula  district,  60  miles  south  from  Guad- 
alajara. The  company  will  equip  and 
develop  the  mine  and  improve  the  plant. 
It.  is  proposed  to  build  a  hydraulic  plant 
to  operate  the  mill  and  mines,  which  are 
20  miles  apart.  The  first  change  will  be 
to  substitute  traction  engines  for  the  mule 
pack  trains. 

MEXICO. 

The  El  Oro  M.  &  R.  Co.  at  El  Oro, 
owned  by  English  parties,  has  a  100-stamp 
mill  in  operation,  to  which  the  directors 
of  the  company  have  decided  to  add  an- 
other 100  stamps.  Their  principal  opera- 
tions are  on  the  San  Rafael  vein. 

At  the  northwest  end  the  El  Oro  M.  & 
R.  Co. 's  ground  is  adjoined  by  the  Espe- 
ranza  M.  Co.  The  Esperanza  is  working 
on  the  same  vein  as  the  El  Oro  and  has 
120  stamps  dropping. 

MICHOACAN. 

West  of  the  Esperanza  mine,  in  El  Oro 
district,  the  Dos  Estrellas  mine  at  Tlalpu- 
jahua  has  forty  stamps  dropping.  An 
80-stamp  mill  is  being  added  to  the  equip- 
ment. The  Dos  Estrellas  veins  carry 
high-grade  values  in  gold  and  silver. 
SONORA. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  new  40- 
stamp  mill  of  the  Zubiate  M.  Co.  at  Zubi- 
ate  were  dropped  for  the  first  time  on  the 
6th  inst.  The  stamps  weigh  850  pounds 
each.  The  mill  is  equipped  with  six  con- 
centrators, ten  pans  and  five  settlers.  A 
modification  of  the  Washoe  process  is 
used.  The  mine  is  opened  through  a 
three-compartment  shaft,  down  650  feet. 

Zubiate,  Aug.  7. 

The  Caliche  Mountain  M.  Co.,  Tener 
Bros.  &  Balch  principal  owners,  is  devel- 
oping a  gold  property  6  miles  from  Cerro 
Prieto.  It  has  sunk  two  shafts,  700  feet 
apart,  one  90  feet  deep,  the  other  60,  both 
in  ore  their  full  width.  A  tunnel  is  being 
run  in  on  the  vein  to  cut  the  shafts.  The 
ore  averages  $10  per  ton  in  gold. 

The  San  Bias  M.  Co.,  which  has  taken 
over  the  San  Bias  mine,  45  miles  north- 
west from  Caborca,  in  Altar  district,  has 
been  incorporated  in  Massachusetts.  The 
property  is  a  gold-bearing  mine,  with  five 
veins,  three  of  which  were  opened  and 
operated  by  the  "antiguos."  The  direct- 
ors of  the  company  are  D.  J.  Brown, 
L.  R.  Godfrey,  E.  H.  Beer,  G.  N.  Rich, 
G.  H.  Miner,  E.  F.  Gibbs  and  J.  H.  Trayne 
of  North  Adams,  Mass.,  with  J.  A.  Sing- 
ey  of  Caborca  general  manager. 


2f  4j  *  tj*  &  4?  "&  >fc  <fclfc  &  >$7  &  *  tfctfe  &  t&  t$7  *fo  &  'b'Sj  &  >3t  <j>  % 

!        PERSONAL.        ! 

*  * 

H.  L.  Frank  has  returned  to  Montana 
from  Europe. 

J.  A.  Dexter  Is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
from  Nome,  Alaska. 

J.  B.  Farish,  E.  M.,  of  Denver,  Colo., 
is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  L.  Austin  of  New  York  City  is  at 
Copperopolis,  Calaveras  county,  Cal. 

H.  T.  Henderson,  general  manager  of 
the  Animas  Canal  R.  W.  P.  &  I.  Co.,  has 


returned  to  Durango,  Colo.,  from  Denver, 
Colo. 

C.  H.  Lindey  of  San  Francisco,  Cal, 
has  returned  from  a  business  trip  to  Port- 
land, Or. 

H.  Newell  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
interested  in  Utah  mines,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

S.  E.  Robbins  is  superintendent  of  the 
Red  Cross  mine,  near  Omega,  Nevada 
county,  Cal. 

Arthur  Lakes  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is 
examining  mining  property  in  Idaho  and 
British  Columbia. 

W.  J.  Rule  has  returned  to  Central 
City,  Colo.,  from  an  extended  visit  to 
Grass  Valley,  Cal. 

G.  J.  McCarty,  a  mining  superintend- 
ent of  Sonora,  Mexico,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  on  business. 

P.  L.  YOUNG  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
has  gone  to  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  where 
he  will  do  mining  work. 

O.  HERLOCKER  is  manager  of  the  High- 
land G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the  Highland 
mine,  near  Sumpter,  Or. 

R.  W.  Rodda  is  at  Lillooet  River,  B. 
C,  on  mining  business  and  returns  to  Se- 
attle, Wash.,  next  week. 

F.  R.  Davis  is  superintendent  of  the 
cyanide  plant  operating  at  the  Ingham 
mine,  near  Cripple  Creek. 

R.  R.  Leslie  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  Le  Roi  mine  at  Rossland, 
B.  G,  to  take  effect  Sept,  1. 

J.  A.  Finch  of  the  Standard  and  Mam- 
moth mines,  at  Wallace,  Idaho,  is  in  New 
York  City  on  mining  business. 

L.  Tovey,  a  mining  engineer  of  Tomsk, 
Siberia,  is  in  Denver,  Colo.,  and  will  visit 
the  principal  camps  of  the  State. 

President  N.  Treweek  of  the  Wa- 
bash M.  Co.,  returned  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  last  week  from  a  trip  East. 

W.  E.  Thorne,  E.  M.,  has  gone  from 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  to  Siskiyou  county, 
Cal.,  to  examine  mines  near  Yreka. 

James  Doyle,  president  of  the  East 
Mancos  G.  M.  Co.,  Colo  ,  returned  to  Den- 
ver Colo.,  last  week  from  the  mines. 

F.  L.  Sizer,  E.  M.,  consulting  engineer 
of  the  Argo  Copper  Mfg.  Co.,  near  He- 
lena, Mont.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Superintendent  T.  A.  Patterson 
of  the  Pilgrim  mine,  at  American  Hill, 
near  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  is  in  New  York. 

F.  W.  Bradley  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
consulting  engineer  of  the  Bunker  Hill 
&  Sullivan  mines,  is  at  Wardner,  Idaho. 

R.  D.  Seymour,  western  manager  of 
the  Trenton  Iron  Co.,  has  returned  to 
Denver  from  New  York  and  other  Eastern 
points. 

T.  Derby,  superintendent  of  the  Quick- 
silver M.  Co.  at  New  Almaden,  Santa 
Clara  county,  iB  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on 
business. 

H.  F.  McFarlane,  owner  of  the  Mc- 
Farlane  mine  at  Stotts  City,  Lawrence 
county,  Mo.,  returned  last  week  from  a 
trip  to  Chicago,  III. 

B.  W.  Begeer  has  accepted  a  position 
as  assayer  and  metallurgist  with  the  Trin- 
ity County  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Dedrlck, 
Trinity  county,  Cal. 

G.  E.  Nolan,  manager  of  the  Nevada 
Engineering  Works,  has  returned  to  Reno, 
Nev.,  from  an  examination  of  Butte  Co  , 
Cal.,  mining  property. 

B.  F.  BROUGH,  of  Toledo,  Ohio,  secre- 
tary-treasurer of  the  Wyandot  M.  Co., 
operating  near  Chesaw,  Okanogan  Co., 
Wash.,  is  at  the  mines. 

D.  L.  Parham,  formerly  with  the  Yel- 
low Aster  M.  Co.  at  Randsburg,  Cal.,  is 
foreman  of  the  Gold  Hill  M.  Co.  at  Gold 
Hill,  near  Tonopah,  Nev. 

G.  E.  Voorhees,  Jr.,  of  Santa  Bar- 
bara, Cal.,  principal  owner  of  the  Las 
Vigas  mine  at  Coyame,  In  eastern  Chihua- 
hua, Mex  ,  is  on  a  viBlt  to  the  mine. 

J.  Macparlane,  general  superintend- 
ent of  the  Cerro  de  Pasco  mines  in  Peru, 
is  in  Utah  on  a  business  trip  from  the 
East,  after  which  he  will  return  to  Peru. 

C.  Walter,  manager  of  the  Belgo- 
American  Drilling  trust,  operating  in 
Wyoming  oil  fields,  returned  last  week  to 
Cheyenne,  Wyo.,  from  a  trip  to  Belgium. 

L.  G.  Carleton  of  Cripple  Creek, 
Colo.,  is  superintendent  of  the  leasing  de- 
partment of  the  Doctor-Jack  Pot  Con.  G. 
M.  Co.,  operating  on  Raven  Hill,  Cripple 
Creek. 

Raymond  Whinnerah,  millwright 
and  engineer,  who  has  been  superintend- 
ing  repairs   of  the  Mountain  Pride   mill, 


August  15,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


108 


Breckenridge,  Colo.,  has  returned  to  Den- 
ver, Colo. 

A.  C.  Kyle,  superintendent  of  the  Con. 
New  York  M.  Co.,  at  Gold  Hill,  Nev.,  dbs 
been  appointed  superintendent  of  the 
Alpha  and  Exchequer  mines,  also  on  the 
Comstock. 

President  W.  B.  Mocklow  of  the 
Majestic  Copper  Co.,  returned  to  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  last  week  from  a  visit  to  the 
mines  of  the  company  at  Mllford,  Beaver 
county,  Utah. 

T.  Fisher,  formerly  operating  In  Jop- 
lln  district,  Missouri,  and  also  manager  of 
the  Olympla  mine  In  northern  Arkansas, 
is  superintendent  of  the  North  American 
Lead  Co.  at  Frederlcktown,  Mo. 

S.  B.  Weld,  late  of  Rlcketts  &  Banks, 
New  York,  has  associated  himself  with 
H.  C.  Parmelee,  under  the  firm  name  of 
I'armoleo  &  Weld,  1755  Arapahoe  street, 
assayers  and  chemists,  Denver,  Colo. 

F.  J.  Stanton  of  the  Denver  School  of 
Mines,  Denver,  Colo.,  has  returned  from 
an  examination  of  a  group  of  mines  on  the 
lake  fork  of  the  Gunnison  river,  near  the 
Bowerman  find,  near  Waunita,  Colo. 

R.  H.  Anderson,  manager  of  the  B.  C. 
and  Oro  Denoro  mines  at  Summit  camp, 
B.  C,  will  be  superintendent  of  the  Le 
Roi  mine  at  Rossland,  B  C,  vice  R.  R. 
Leslie,  resigned,  to  take  effect  Sept.  1. 

F.  W.  Oldfield,  late  of  the  Palmarejo 
and  Mexican  Gold  Fields  Co.,  Chlnipas, 
Chihuahua,  Mex.,  sails  from  New  York  on 
the  18th  as  assistant  to  the  local  manager 
of  the  South  American  Development  Co. 
In  Ecuador. 

F.  H.  Probert,  consulting  engineer 
for  the  W.  B.  Thompson  Co.  and  the 
Coronado  M.  Co.,  has  returned  to  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  from  an  Investigation  of  the 
mineral  resources  of  the  Arlspe,  Mocte- 
zuma  and  Sahuarlpa  districts  of  Sonora, 
Mexico. 

A.  F.  Crank,  of  the  Blaisdell  Co ,  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  has  gone  to  South 
Africa  to  manage  the  H.  W.  Blaisdell  Co., 
Ltd,  of  London,  Eng.,  which  has  the  for- 
eign agency  for  the  construction  of  the  H. 
W.  Blaisdell  cyanide  vat  excavating  ma- 
chinery. A.  A.  Talmage  of  Los  Angeles 
will  take  Mr.  Crank's  place  as  manager  of 
the  American  branch  of  the  company, 
with  headquarters  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


******  ********fc&*<*,'fc*'fc***-.tJ'-.H>« 


Catalogues  Received.     £ 


Standard  size  (6x9)  is  the  Standard  Dia- 
mond Drill  Co. 's  1903  catalogue,  replete 
with  interesting  points  regarding  diamond 
prospecting  core  drills,  giving  a  historical 
account  of  the  bueiness,  descriptions  of 
drills  for  surface  or  underground  work, 
with  details  as  to  sizes  and  prices,  Illus- 
trated specific  description  of  diamond  drill 
boring  tools  and  supplementary  chapters 
on  "How  to  Select  a  Diamond  Drill  Out- 
fit," "Instructions  for  Operating  Diamond 
Drills,"  "Instructions  for  Setting  Dia- 
mond Bits,"  etc.  The  catalogue  is  finely 
Issued  by  the  Standard  Diamond  Drill  Co., 
1644  Monadnock  Blk.,  Chicago,  U.  S.  A., 
and,  like  all  similar  trade  treatises  noticed 
herein,  will  be  sent  to  any  address  on  re- 
quest. 

"  Excavation  of  Rock  by  Machinery  " 
Is  the  title  of  Catalogue  No.  51,  1903,  from 
the  Sullivan  Machinery  Co.,  whose  gen- 
eral office  1b  at  135  Adams  St.,  Chicago. 
It  is  copyrighted,  and  its  technical  con- 
tents are  worth  copyrighting  for  the  in- 
formation contained  therein  and  its  sump- 
tuous illustrations.  The  rock  drill  Is  a 
great  thing  in  modern  mining,  and  this 
latest  brochure  from  the  Sullivan  Ma- 
chinery Co.  is  a  notable  addition  to  the 
sum  total  of  knowledge  thereon.  To  any 
one  interested  in  drills  the  book  iB  com- 
mended as  worth  early  consideration.  The 
fact  that  It  is  of  standard  size  (6x9  inches) 
makes  It  convenient  for  filing  and  perma- 
nent preservation,  and  the  high  grade  of 
its  publication  entitles  it  to  a  place  In  one's 
library.  Viewed  mechanically,  it  is  a 
work  of  art,  and  Ib  a  good  exemplification 
of  the  truism  that  "  the  best  is  none  too 
good " — for  those  who  want  to  know 
about  the  Sullivan  Machinery  Co.  The 
Illustrations  on  page  94  of  the  Sullivan 
patented  flexible  joint  are  splendid 
specimens  of  fine  portraiture,  as  are  many 
others  scattered  through  the  handsome 
book,  which  will  be  Bent  to  any  designated 
address. 

Sf  *********  ***************** 
* 

* 


ness  of  one  week.  Deceased  was  a  native 
of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  at  one  time  was 
located  In  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  Is  sur- 
vived by  a  widow. 

X  ********-l-***************.j,}C 

'*  *■ 

I  Commercial  Paragraphs* 

+  «• 

The  Redfield  Drill  Co.,  1606  Blake  St., 
Denver,  Colo.,  reports  the  sale  of  Its 
hand  drills  to  the  following  parties:  Rand 
Development  Co  ;  Orovllle,  Cal.;  Buckeye 
G.  M.  M.  &  T.  Co.,  Idaho  Springs,  Colo.; 
Turk  M.  Co.,  Deertrail,  Wash.  The 
Utah  agents,  the  Salt  Lake  Hardware  Co., 
also  report  the  sale  of  one. 

The  Lagonda  Mfg.  Co.  of  Springfield, 
Ohio,  is  in  receipt  of  the  following  let- 
ter:  "Gentlemen:  We  used  your  Weln- 
land  No.  8  water-power  cleaner  to  clean  a 
battery  of  four  Babcock  &  Wilcox  boilers, 
with  the  result  that  we  are  now  saving 
20%  on  our  fuel.  We  consider  it  a  great 
machine.  Yours  truly,  (Signed.)  O.  E. 
Randolph,  Gen.  Supt.  Union  Waxed  & 
Parchment  Paper  Co.,   Franklin,  Ohio." 

New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F„  has  offlolal 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patentB  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors: 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  AUGUST  4,  1003. 

735,439  —  Bottle— N.  D.  Asdell,  Lakeview,  Or. 

735,462—  Kiln— W.  A   Butler,  S.  F. 

735,207  —Gage  Square- J.  Campbell,  Cascade,  Or. 

735,223.— Rail  Joint— W.  S.  Dunagan,  Everett, 
Wash. 

735,234  —Quartz  Mill— J.  F.  Forward,  San  Diego, 
Cal. 

735,081  —Checkbook— J.  Franc,  Pasadena,  Cal. 

735,407.— Range  Finder— Q.  Orifflih.  s,  F 

73a. 248.— Pump  Piston— J.  Hahn,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

735.501.— Extracting  Gold  — Harp  &  Stark- 
weather.  Stockton.   Cal. 

735,374.— Stamp  Mill  Mortar— J.  H.  Hendy,  S  F. 

735,512.— Treatment  of  Ores— H.  Hirschtng,  S.  F. 

735.257.— Scraper— J.  K.  Bodgins,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

735.516 —Handle— J.  M.  Horton,  Crescent  City, 
Cal. 

735,518.— Mechanical  Movement— J.  H.  Hussey, 
Spokane,  Wash. 

735,388.— Swinging  Schaper— D.  B  James,  S.  F. 

735,106.— Suction  Pipe— J.  Jorgensen,  Seattle, 
Wash. 

735,268.— Adz— O.  Keehme,  B  sbee,  Ariz 

735,531.— Electric  Switch-O.  M.  Lacey,  Han- 
ford,  Cal. 

735,545.— Floating  Fish  Trap— L.  Mahew,  What- 
com, Wash 

735,564.— Conveyer— W.  L.  McCabe,  Seattle, 
Wash. 

735  280.— Spice  Box  Top— E.  B.  Millar,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

735,576.— Railway  Switch— J.  M.  Payne,  Spo- 
k-ane  Wash 

735,578.  —  Candlestick  —  Peterson  &  Fielding, 
Grants  Pass.  Or. 

735,146.— Thhesher—T.  Powell,  Newhope,  Cal. 

735,590.— Stamp  Mill— G.  C.  R'chards,  Berkeley, 
Cal. 

735,600.— Couch  Frame— A.  Shrock,  S.  F. 

735.595.— Locating  Shipwreck—  k.  -ato,  S.  F. 

735,601.— Fish  Net  Lifter— A.  F.  Shadel,  Lopez, 
Wash. 

735,606  —Sewing  Machine— D.  M.  Smyth,  Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 

735,32f— Water  Heater— F.  Walker,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

735,182.— Electric  Heater— D.  M,  Watson,  Port- 
land, Or. 

735,323 —Diving  Apparatus— J.  L.  Watson,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

735,628.— Motor  Bicycle— O.  E.  Waxel,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

735,636.— Brake  Block— O.  Whltmore,  San  Diego, 
Cal. 

735.638.— Packaging  Liquids— G.  G.  Wlckson, 
S.  F. 

735,642.— Bottle— P  J.  Wilson,  Ben  Lomond,  Cal. 


Obituary. 


Matthew  Brown,  mechanical  en- 
gineer for  the  South  Geldenhuis  Deep, 
Ltd.,  at  Germiston,  South  Africa,  died 
July  5th  Irom  heart  disease,   after  an  ill- 


Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Switches  for  Systems  of  Remote  Control. 
—No.  735,531.  Aug,  4,  1903.  O.  M.  Lacey,  Han- 
ford,  Cal.  Tbis  invention  relates  to  Improvements 
in  electric  switches  by  which  lamps,  motors  and 
the  like  may  be  conveniently  controlled  from  a 
point  remote  from  the  installation.  Its  object  is 
to  provide  a  device  of  few  parts  and  one  which  is 
economical  in  manufacture  and  simple  and  posi- 
tive in  operation.  One  advantage  of  this  switch 
is  that  a  single  operating  wire  is  sufficient  where 
two  are  usually  employed,  the  opening  and  dosing 
being  done  by  this  one  wire,  which  has  Its  suit- 
able return  connection  with  a  source  of  energy. 

Stamp  Mill  —No.  735,590.  Aug.  4,  1903.  G.  C. 
Richards,  Berkeley,  Cal  This  invention  consists 
In  a  mechanism  for  actuating  the  stamp,  a  means 
for  adjusting  the  stamp  stem, and  shoe,  means  for 
regulating  the  position  of  the  actuating  lever  to 
vary  the  drop  of  the  stamp  add  adjusting  each 
stamp  and  stem  independently,  and  means  for 
raising  the  stamp  stems  for  the  purpose  of  replac- 
ing the  shoes  when  old  and  worn  out. 

Stamp  Mill  Mortar.-No.  735,374.  Aug.  4, 1903. 
J.  H.  Hendy,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This  invention 
consists  of  single  independent  sectional  mortars 
for  each -individual  stamp,  said  mortars  being  ar- 
ranged side  by  side  upon  a  sole-plate  singly  or 
common  to  a  series  of  mortars  and  stamps.  Mor- 
tars have  commonly  been  made  in  a  single  piece 
and  are  very  heavy;  the  object  of  this  invention  is 
to  so  construct  the  mortars  that  they  may  be 
taken  to  pieces  and  reduced  to  the  smallest  possi- 
ble weight,  so  that  they  can  be  transported  by 
pack  animals. 

Detachable  Collapsible  Couch  Frame.— 
No.  735  600.  Aug.  4,  1903.  Amos  Schrock,  San 
Francisoo,  Cal.  Sofas,  couches,  etc.,  are  usually 
made  with  wooden  frames  or  bases,  so  joined  to- 
gether that  there  can  be  little  r'duction  in  size 
for  shipping  purposes.  The  object  of  this  inven- 
tion is  to  provide  a  oouoh  with  a  separable  iron 
frame  and  means  by  which  the  frame  can  be  folded 
Into  a  small  compass  when  desired. 


Latest    Harket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  August  14,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
25 t\d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver.  54jc,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  64}c;  Mexican  dollars,  42c 
San  Francisco,  42o  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
S13.12A;  Lake,  1  to  8  casks,  $13.00@13  12}; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.62}@13.75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $12.75;  San  Fran- 
cisco: 11300.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £58  5s  spot  per 
ton. 

Calumet  &  Hecla  Co.  Is  evidently  en- 
deavoring to  raise  the  price  of  copper  or 
has  none  for  sale  at  present  prices. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Calumet  &  Hecla 
is  offering  no  copper  under  13jc  Having 
recently  sold  a  large  amount  of  copper  for 
future  delivery  at  13c  or  a  little  better,  is 
now  apparently  out  of  the  market. 

European  consumers  have  followed  the 
policy  of  buying  from  hand  to  mouth,  and 
are  said  to  be  running  on  short  supplies. 
Copper  in  England  and  France  for  the 
first  half  of  1903  is  returned  at  51,102  tons, 
against  70,969  tons  for  same  period  in  1902, 
and  54,818  tons  for  the  first  six  monthB  of 
1001.  The  official  German  returns  for  the 
first  months  of  this  year  show  a  consump- 
tion of  foreign  copper  (pyrites  excluded)  of 
31,848  tons  against  30,223  tons  in  the  same 
months  of  1902  and  23,561  tons  In  1901.  A 
distinct  improvement  is  thus  evident  in 
Germany. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.20;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  4fc  1000  to  4000 
Lbs.;  pipe  6},  sheet  6,  bar  5}c;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  Is  6d  per  long  ton=2.75c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $5.87};  St. 
L;uis,  $4.85;  London,  £20  5s  per  ton; 
San  D  ranolsco,  ton  lots,  6}c:  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
9|c;  Hallett's,  81c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
Ib.  lots,  71o;  300  to  600  lbs.,  7}rs;  100-lb. 
lots,  10c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $28.25@28.70; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  28.1c:  500  lbs.,  29c; 
200  IDs.,  29}c;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  %  ft,  30c 
@32}c.    London,  £128  5s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  1ft  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $44.50® 
46.00;  large  lots;  London,  £8  15s;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  $  flask  of  76}  lbs.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.50. 

BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6}c;  extra, 
17}c;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37}c. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  80%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  HaU-anavrlalf,  100-lb.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  15  50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  fi  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $18.85 
@19.00;  gray  forge,  $17.10;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  %  ft.,  3}e  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,    Pittsburg, 
$27  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 
CHICAGO  CURRENT   QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $18. 50@19. 00 

Foundry  Northern  1 18.00@18.50 

Northern  2 17.50@18.00 

Northern  3 17.00@17.50 

Southern  1 17.35® 

Southern  2 16.85® 

Southern  3 16.35® 

Forge 15.85® 

Charcoal 20.50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28.00@29.00 

Bars,  iron 1.65® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Rails,  light 34.00@40.Q0 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

SheetB,  26store 2.90®  3.00 

No.  27 2.90®  3.00 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 16.00@16. 50 

Relaying  rails 29.00W31.00 

Dealers  forge 13.50@14.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  least,  net  ton 14.50@15.50 

Iron  rails 19.00@20.00 

Car  wheels 20.00@21.00 

Cast  borings 5.50@  6.50 

Turnings 11.00@12.00 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
8ize^,  $20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,   4  feet,  $4.25 


@4.50;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  Bhakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.60  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.76;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.26;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germanla,  12.50  ®  2.75; 
Hewmoor,  $2.90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2,50@2.75  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerlne,  per  lb.,  in  carload 
lots,  15}c;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1", 
80%,  carload  lots,  13}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
15}c.  No.  1»»  60%,  carload  lotB,  lljc;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
ll}c.  No.  2»*  30%  carload  lots,  flc;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.60  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  6x, 
$8;  Lion,  19,  In  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $8.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  18  oz.,  40s., 
lOJc^set;  14 oz.,  40s.,  94c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
88%-89%,  jobbing,  24@25c  #ft.;  carloads, 
23@24}c;  in  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  ilft  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  2J/(g2}c  $ 
6.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}e$  ft;  Cal. 
8.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.50  "§,  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c  In 
40-fc  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c$(  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2® 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2@3c ;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2}c; 
sulphide  of  iron,  9c  $  ft. ;  copper  sulphate, 
6@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2.50@2.76; 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  2Jo 
1ft  ft.;  nitric   acid,  in  carboys,  8c  1ft  lb. 

OILS. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs., 
49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  49c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20}c; 
Astral,  20}e;  Star,  20}c;  Extra  Star,  24*c; 
Eocene,  23}c;  Elaine,  26}e;  Water  White, 
In  bulk,  14}c;  Mineral  "Seal,  Iron  bbls., 
18}c;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26}c;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,.  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23}c;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27}c;  63'  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  in  cs.,  22}  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  50@55c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .60 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $12 ;  Cannel, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  600  lbs.,  per  ft.,  6}c;  in  25-ft.  tin 
palls,  }c  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  }c  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6}c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  Iobs  than  500  lbs.,  6}c. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  In  25-ft.  bags,  8 
®9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,  7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25®30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  $  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  3ft  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $  ft.,  $3.50. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  1ft  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  1ft  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  $  ft-,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


17 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  15,  1903. 


HENRY  CABBY  BAJRD  A  CO., 

INDUSTRIAL  PUBLISHERS . BOO K SELLERS  A  IMPORTERS. 

810  "Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 

%3f~ Our  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
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Assaying,  Analysis,  etc.;  a  Catalogue  of  Boohs  on  Steam 
and  the  Steam  Engine,  Machinery,  etc.;  a  Catalogue  o 
Books  on  Sanitary  Science,  Gas  Fitting,  Plumbing,  etc., 
and  out  other  Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering 
every  branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  (ft*  world  vihn 
will  furnish  hie  address. 

Valuable  Books  for  Prospectors  and  Miners 

Orton. — Underground  Treasures:    How  and 

Where  to  Find  Them.  A  Key  for  the  Beady  Deter- 
mination of  all  the  Useful  Minerals  within  the 
United  States.  By  James  Orton,  A.  M.,  late  Profes- 
sor of  Natural  History  in  Vassar  College,  N.  Y., 
etc.  A  New  Edition  with  an  Appendix  on  Ore  De- 
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''shorn. —  The  Prospector's  Field  Bo  k  and 
Guide  in  the  Search  for  and  E.isy  Determination  of 
Ores  and  other  Useful  Minerals.  By  Prof.  H.  9.  Os- 
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Osborn.  -  A  Practical  Manual  of  Miners  s. 
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Analyses  of  Each  of  these  Minerals  and  Hints 
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Ueber.-- The  Assaver's  Guide:  or,  Practical 
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M.  Lieber.  A  new,  revised  and  enlarged  edition. 
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Ernl  and  Brown.  —  Mineralogy  simplified: 
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LuDcan.-  The  Practical  Surveyor's  Guide: 
Containing  the  necessary  Information  to  make  any 
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810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  H.  A. 


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Can  be  bought  at  12o.  on  tbe  11.  The  machinery  la 
of  the  highest  type  and  in  good  condition. 
One  200  h.  p.  Corliss  Type  Engine.  Two  Safety 
Tube  Babcock  &  Wilcox  Boilers,  about  250  h.  p. 
One  800- lb.  High  Mortar  40- stamp  Mill,  rapid  drop. 
One  9x15  in.  Blake  Crusher.  Eight  Tullook  Auto- 
matic Ore  Feeders.  Twelve  Double-end  3-Com- 
partment  Hartz  Jigs.  One  l-Compartment  Single 
Hartz  Jig.  Six  Sets  Revolving  Screens,  all  housed 
in-  Two  Sets  of  Elevators,  complete.  All  neces- 
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the  piping,  etc.  Tbls  plant  has  been  used  very 
little.  It  cost  9100,000;  if  sold  at  once,  will  take 
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of  our  other  types,  which  we  built  and  skipped  in 
its  place.  This  engine,  which  we  offer  at  50%  of 
its  first  cost,  Is  one  of  our  standard  double  friction 
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Dozens  of  this  type  are  in  mining  use.  If  desired, 
we  will  make  changes  In  this  engine  to  meet 
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IN      FIRST=CLASS 
CONDITION. 


Now  operating  upon  leased  groutd,  Alder  Gulch.  Montana.  To  be  sold  or  removed  upon  expira  ion  of 
lease.  If  you  are  INTERESTED  IN  DREDGING  GROUND,  lnspeot  plant  in  operation  or  write  for 
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or  find  It  necessary  to  REPLACE  A  WORN-OUT  ROOF. 

ELATERITE   ROOFING 

Takes  the  place  of  shingles,  tin,  iron,  tar  and  gravel,  and  all  prepared  roof- 
ings. For  flat  and  steep  surfaces,  gutters,  valleys,  etc.  Easy  to  lay.  Tem- 
pered for  all  climates.  Reasonable  in  cost.  Sold  on  merit.  Guaranteed. 
It  will  pay  to  ask  for  prices  and  information. 

THE  ELATERITE  ROOFING  CO., 

713  Market  Street,  San  Francisco. 


OUR   BARGAIN  COLUMN. 


WIRB     HOISTING     ROF*E 

Four  carloads  of  second  hand  wire  hoisting  rope 
put  up  on  reels;  in  first-class  condition.    Sizes  1, 
i  W.  1%  and  lK-lnoh.    Write  for  prices. 
PIPE. 

O  >r  stock  of  good  standard  black  second  hand 
pipe,  with  guaranteed  threads  and  couplings,  as 
follows : 

100,000  feet  1     inch,  per  foot t    03M 

200,000    "    1M     "        "      "    04Ji 

50,000    "     3         "        "      "    07* 

300,000    "     2%     "        "       "    10 

60,000  feet  1     inch  EXTRA  HEAVY,  per  foot....$   04 

55,000    "     1H    "  "  ' .•••      05* 

800  feet  8     inch,  with  flanges,  per  foot..  .$    70 
400    "  10         "         " 1  10 

1,800    "  13         "         "  ■'  "       "    ...   1  45 

1,400    "  14         "         "  "  "       "...  1  75 

600    "  16         "         ,l  M  "      "...  2  00 

200    "   18         "         "  "  M       "    ...  2  25 

\A/»  OUGHT     IRON      CASING. 

Second  band,  THREADED  ENDS  AND 
SC  HE  W  ED  COUPLINGS : 

3^-inch,  per  foot $    09 

4        "        "      "     13 

Fitted    with    EXPANDED   CAST    IBON 
FLANGES  AND  BOLTS: 

24-inch,  per  foot $   044 

3*      "        "       "     10 

4 13 

10,000  feet  3  Inoh  GALVANIZED  SPIRAL 

RIVETED,  per  foot 8    07 

CURVED     PIPE, 

We  have  in  stock  two  carloads  of  heavy  standard 
black  pipe  fitted  with  cast  Iron,  riveted  flanges, 
whioh  is  curved  from  %  to  w.  biz-  s  8.  10, 12  and  14- 
inch.  It  Is  in  good  condition  and  will  be  sold  at 
low  prices. 

RADIATION. 

100,000  feet  second  hand  oast  iron  radia- 
tion, per  foot 8    18 

200  000  feet  second  hand  wrought  Iron  radi- 
ation, per  foot  16 

Also  valves,  heaters  and  all  necessary  appa- 
ratus. 

VALVES. 

350  iron  body,  brasB-trimmed  Gate.  Check.  Globe 
and  Angle  valves  ranging  In  size  from  3  to  16-inch. 
They  are  seconl  hand,  overhauled  and  in  first- 
class  oonditlon.    Write  us  your  wants. 

STB  A  At     PUMPS. 
16x9x12  Snow  Underwriters1  fire  pump. 
18x12^x10  Worthington  standard  duplex. 
10  and  16x104x10  Worthington  compound  duplex. 
8  and  I2xl04'xi0  Worthington  compound  duplex. 
10x8^x10  Worthington  standard  duplex. 
7^x8^x6  Worthington. 
14  and  20xflxl8  Worthington  compound. 
6xS*x5  Worthington 
6x4x6  Worthington. 
4»*x2&x4  Worthington. 
54x3Hx6  Worthington. 
3x2x3  Worihington. 

4  H.  T.  Davidson  No  10  pumps,  with  Fisher  gov- 
ernor; suotion  7  in.,  discharge  6  in. 
10x12x12  Dean  duplex. 
Silsbv  rotary  fire  pump 
6x4x6  Knowles  single  acting. 
8x6x10  Holly  single. 
7x4^x7  Crane 
7x4Hx7  Canton  duplex. 
14x7x12  Dean  single. 
12x6x18  Nor  walk. 
8x5ttxlOGaskell. 
7x4Wxl0  Smedley. 
54x1 4x5  Biake  duplex 
6xlUx  2  Warrerj-WebBter  vaouum. 
10x20x18  single  direct  acting. 
No.  2  Buffalo  jet  condenser,  complete  with  air 

fiump  and  reo-iver,  up  to  250  H  P. 
er  feed  pumps. 
CENTRIFUGAL    PUttPS. 
2  — 12-inch  submerged  Morris. 
No.  4  Morris  hon  zontal. 
No  4  Morris  horizontal,  with  friction  pulley. 
No.  12  belt  driven  Morris   Machine  Co 's   sand 

pump;  14  In  suction,  12  lb.  discharge. 
No.  10  Morr.s  water  pump  direct  connected  with 

9x10  engine  on  one  base. 

AIR     CO/VIPRBSSORS 
8x10  single  Ingersoll-Sergeant  straight  line,  belt 

driven 
8x6x8  duplex  standard,  vertical. 
2  stage— 12-inch  steam,  12-inch  first  receiver,  cl- 
inch secorjd  receiver,  14-inoh  stroke 
24x36x36  American  Well  Works. 
30x34x24  Natiooal  Drill  &  Compressor  Co 
9x16x9  Clayton  duplex. 
5x6  single  belt  driven  Clayton. 
6x6  Clayton  steam  driven. 
12x12  Snyder-Hughes  duplex. 
24x12x24  steam  driven 

RO       K.     DRILLS. 
1— l  X-  inch  Bullock  Monarch,  fitted  for  air  or  Bte»m 
4 — 2-inea  Bullock  Monarch,  fitted  for  air  or  steam 
2    2-K-lnch  Bullock  Monarch,  fitted  for  alror  steam 
4— 3l/j-ioch  Bullock  Monarch,  fitted  for  air  or  steam. 
l—TJ-A  Sullivan,  for  air. 
3—  tt-H  Sullivan,  for  steam. 
3-U-E  Sullivan,  for  steam. 
1_U-K  No.  2  Sullivan,  for  steam. 
7—tiX-iDoh  Rand  "L'ttle  Giant." 
3— 3-inoh  Rana  "Little  Giant." 
2-  34-inch  Rand  "Little  Giant." 
I— ":'j.  inch  Ingersoll,  for  steam. 
3— 33(i-'nch  Inerersoll,  for  steam. 
3 — 3  1-16-incb  Jcgersoli,  for  steam. 
3-34-lneb  Ingersoll,  for  steam 
1— tullook  "Champion"  diamond  prospecting  core 

drill,  with  complete  outfit,  boiler  and  pump 
1— Sullivan  "M"  diamond  prospecting  core  drill, 

with  complete  outfit,  boiler  and  pump. 
1— Sullivan  "E"  diamond  prospecting  core  drill, 

with  complete  outfit;  bit  set  with  8  pieces  of 

carbon 

ENGINES 


12x30  Hamilton-Corliss 
30x60  Fraser  &  Chalmers 

Corliss 
22x48  AHis-Corliss 
22x48  Wheelock-Corllss. 
16x42  Allis-Corllss 
16x38  left  hand  Corliss. 
15x30  Buokeye. 
15^x15  Armlngton&Sims 
14x15  Annington  &  Sims. 
14x20  Rice. 
16x24  Atlas. 
13x12  New  York  Safety. 
14x13  Annington  &  Sims. 


10V£xl2  Armlngton&Sims 

9^x12  Armlrjgton  &  Si  on 

16x16  Hendy. 

16xi6  Rice. 

7*xl0  Hendy. 

14x24x14  Westinghcuse. 

13x30x16  Westingbouse. 

13x24x13  We*tlnghouse. 

11x19x11  Westiogbouse. 

90  H.  P.  Otio  gas  engine 

50  H.  P.  Lambert  gas  en- 
gine 

50  H.  P.  Lewis  gas  en 
glne. 


WRfTE  FOR  OUR  CATALOGUE  NO.  360. 


0  House  Wrecking  Co. 

:  fita  and  Iron  S<s.,  CHICAGO. 


We  can  give  prompt  ship- 
ment of  any  cf  our  stock. 
Write  us  for  prices  and  specifi- 
cations of  any  kind  of  Machin- 
ery. Following  is  a  brief  list 
of  our  stock.  Note  weekly 
changes. 

ENGINES. 

1—38x80,  900  H.  P.,  Wright  Corliss,  R.  H. 

1-38x60,  803  H.  P.,  Wright  Corliss,  L.  H. 

1-32x80,  700  H.  P.,Wetherel  Corliss.  R.  H. 

1-28x80,  BOO  H.  P.,  Hamilton  Corliss,  R.  H, 

1— 28x60.  BOO  H.  P.,  Hamilton  Corliss,  L.  H. 

2-22x38x80,  600  H  P.,  Fraser  &  Chalmers 
Cross-Compound  Condensing. 

1—18x34x18,  400  H.  P ,  E.  P.  Allls  Cross- 
Compound  Corliss. 

1— 16Hx25x80.  350  H.  P.,  Buokeye  Cross- 
Compound  Corliss. 

1—18x42,  225  H.  P.,  Fraser  &  Chalmers 
Corliss. 

1—16x42  185  H  P  ,  Hamilton  Corliss. 

1— 10x18,  SO  H.  P.,  Atlas  Automatic 

1—10x12,  60  H.  P.,  New  York  Safety  Auto- 
matio. 

1— 10x11,  50  H.  P.,  Westinghouse  Auto- 
matlo. 

1— 8tfxl0,  so  h.  P.,  Annington  Sims  Auto- 
matlo- 

2—16x24,  90  H.  P.,  Bay  State  Slide  Valve. 

1—14x18,  65  H.  P..  Bay  State  Slide  Valve. 

1—12x24,  60  H.  P.,  Howard  Iron  Works 
Slide  Valve. 

1-  8x14,  35  H.  P.,  Brownell  Slide  Valve. 

1—0x12.  20  H.  P.,  Colorado  Iron  Works 
Slide  Valve. 

1-9x12.  20  H.  P  ,  Gi  bos  &  Sterrett  Slide 
Valve. 

1-6x8,  8  H.  P.,  Crow  Slide  Valve. 

1—5x5.  6  H.  P.,  Crow  Slide  Valve. 

1—10x10,  30  H.  P.,Wlllard Ver.  SlldeValve. 

1-8x8, 14  H  P.,  Nagle  Ver.  Slide  Valve. 

1-7x8, 12  H.  P.,  Wlllard  Ver.  Slide  Valve. 

1—6x6,  7  H.  P.,  Murray  Ver  Slide  Valve. 

Gasoline  Engines. 

1—16  H.  P.,  Fairbanks-Morse. 
1—4  H.  P  ,  Brunner  Vapor  Gas. 
1—2  H  P.,  Fairbanks-Morse. 
1— IK  H.  P  ,  Burrell  Gas  Engine. 

Traction  Engines. 

1—15  H.  P  ,  Aultmm  Traction  Thresher 

Engine. 
1— 12 H  P,  J.  I.  Case  Traction  Thresher 

Engine. 

BOILERS. 

4—350  H.  P.,  Babcock  &  Wilcox. 

2-250  H.  P ,  Abendroth  &  Root  Water 

Tube. 
1—150  H.  P.,  National  Water  Tube. 
2—100  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
5—80  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
2—70  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
8—60  H  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
2-60  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
1—45  H  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
2—40  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
2—30  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
4—25  H.  P.,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
1—15  H  P  ,  Horizontal  Tubular. 
1—16  H.  P.,  Locomotive  Type. 
1—10  H.  P.,  Locomotive  Type. 
1—40  H.  P.,  Vert'oal  Tubular 
1—25  H.  P.,  Ve.  tical  Tubular. 
3—16  H.  P.,  Vertical  Tubular. 
4—10  HP,  Vertioal  Tubular. 
1—6  H.  P.,  Vertical  Tubular. 

HEATERS. 

1—150  H.  P  ,  Stearns-Rogers. 

1—125  H.  P.,  Chicago. 

1— 125  H  P  ,  Heater,  4  in.  exhaust,  2  In. 

feed 
1-100  H.  P  ,  Standard. 
1—80  H.  P.,  Heater,  6  in.  exhaust,  2  In. 

feed. 
2-50  H.  P.,  Heaters,  6  in.  exhaust,  2  in. 

feed. 

Our  complete  Machinery  List 
will  be  sent  }  ou  on  request. 


THE  MACHINERY  DEPQi 

The  SH& 

22KD/."DLARI 


Whole  No.  2248.— '•"■ESSI?™- 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY.  AUGUST  22,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


Variations  in  Construction. 

Each  mine  superintendent  has  bis  own  ideas  about 
construction  details  of  head-frames  and  other  struc- 
tures, and  although  these  ideas,  as  represented  in 
the  various  types  of  frames  seen  at  shafts  through- 
out the  mining  regions  often  vary  considerably  from 
the  ideas  of  those  of  mechanical  engineers,  these 
frames  generally  answer  fully  all  requirements.  In 
some  instances  the  frames  are  built  with  reference  to 
the  material  available  for  their  construction.  In 
other  cases,  they  are  framed  for  strength,  and  are 
capable  of  sustaining  twenty  or  even  fifty  times  the 
load  ever  put  upon  them.  In  such  instances  the 
trained  engineer  would  economize  material  and  labor. 
It  is  no  uncommon  thing  to  see  a  massive  head-frame 
of  12x12  timbers  with  a  3-inch  rope  over  the  sheave 
wheel.  A  two- post  wheel  is  the  most  economical  for 
capacity  and  general  utility  that  can  be  built.  The 
accompanying  illustrations  are  of  two  frames  in 
widely  separated  mining  districts,  one  in  Mexico,  the 
other  in  Oregon.  The  latter,  which  is  at  the  Gold 
Pan  mine  near  Sumpter,  Or.,  presents  a  most  un- 
usual arrangement  at  the  top  of  the  frame,  and 
while  no  explanation  is  offered  by  the  manager  of  the 
mine,  it  has  the  appearance  of  being  an  alteration 
from  an  original  plan.  By  letting  a  tie  into  the  main 
posts  and  setting  two  short  upright  posts  between 
the  cap  and  tie,  between  which  the  sheave  could  have 
been  placed  supported  on  post  boxes,  the  "  back 
framing "  could  have  been  dispensed  with.  This 
would  throw  the  sheave  forward,  probably  too  far, 
but  if  this  be  the  case  it  should  have  been  anticipated 
and  the  main  posts  set  back  accordingly.  The  entire 
structure  presents  an  interesting  study  in  head- 
frame  construction  and  the  jointing  appears  to  be  all 
that  could  be  desired.  The  bucket  is  dumped  at  the 
side  into  a  chute,  into  which  the  waste  or  ore  is  de- 
livered into  a  car.  A  "jack  head"  pump  has  been 
installed,  run  by  belt  from  the  engine  within  the 
hoist  building. 

In  comparison,  the  frame  illustrated  in  the  smaller 
picture,  one  of  those  at  Cananea,  Mexico,  shows  the 
latter  built  from  the  surface  of  the  ground,  whereas 
the  Oregon  frame  is  supported  on  a  superstructure 
of  posts  and  sills.  Apparently  at  the  Mexican  shaft 
the  ore  is  dumped  directly  from  the  skip  or  bucket 
into  the  car,  though  the  illustration  does  not  show 


Head  Frame  at  Gold  Pan  Mine,  Near  Sumpter,  Oregon. 


clearly  how  this  is  accomplished.  This 
frame  is  provided  with  side  braces  to  re- 
duce vibration  and  secure  safety,  and  the 
Oregon  frame  is  supplied  with  guy  wires 


for  a  similar  purpose.  All  of  the  several  types  of 
construction  shown  herein  from  time  to  time  are 
interesting  and  instructive  to  miners  throughout  the 
mining  regions  everywhere. 


Head-Frame,  Cananea,  Mexico. 


Cape  York,  Alaska     (See  Page  117  ) 


110 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22, 1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771 . 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Mexico  and  Canada S3  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 

Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postoyl.ce  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  offices: 
New  York  city,  720  Park  Bow  Bldg.       Boston,  42  Worcester  Square. 
Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block.  Denver,  606  Mack  Block. 

J.  F.  HALLOBAN Publisher 


San  Francisco,  August  22,  1903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  Page. 

Head  Frame  at  Gold  Pan  Mine,  Near  Sumpter,  Oregon 109 

Head  Frame,  Cananea,  Mexico 109 

Cape  York,  Alaska    109 

Quartz  Cropping— The  May  Rock,  Mariposa  Co.,  Cal 112 

Electrolytic  Generator 114 

Timber  Stand  for  Six  Series  of  Spitzkasten 116-117 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 119 

editorial: 

Variations  in  Construction 109 

Specimen  Stealing 110 

Labor  Troubles  Retarding  Investment 110 

The  Cheap  Labor  Problem 110 

MINING  SUMMARY 120-121-122-123-124 

latest  market  reports 125 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates Ill 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt 112 

Tungsten,  Molybdenum,  Uranium  and  Vanadium 112 

Production  of  Quicksilver  in  1902  112 

Ore  Grades  in  the  Witwatersrand 113 

Some  Experiences  of  a  Working  Miner 114 

Electrolytic  Generator 114 

The  Determination  of  Lead  in  Ores  114 

Production  of  Borax  in  1902 114 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 115 

Modern  Methods  in  Ore  Treatment  by  Cyanidation 116 

Petroleum  Briquettes 117 

Tin  in  the  United  States 117 

Flow  of  Water  Over  the  Yosemite  Falls 118 

Electric  M anuf acture  of  Ferrosllicon 1 18 

Jade  in  China 118 

Increasing  Temperatures  "With  Depth .■ 118 

Miners'  Unions  and  Miners'  Wages 118 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 119 

Personal 124 

Commercial  Paragraphs 124 

Catalogues  Received 124 

Obituary 124 

New  Patents 124 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 124 


Specimen  Stealing. 

One  of  the  perplexing  problems  of  the  Western 
Australia  mine  manager  is  that  of  preventing  the 
theft  of  ore  rich  in  gold  from  the  telluride  mines  of 
the  district.  It  is  said  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dol- 
lars have  been  stolen  by  miners  within  the  past  few 
years.  This  has  been  taken  in  the  form  of  speci- 
men ore  from  the  various  mines  and  sold  by  those 
taking  the  same  to  others  who,  it  seems,  have  made 
a  profitable  business  of  this  illicit  gold  buying. 

Some  of  these  dealers,  it  is  said,  have  shipped  reg- 
ularly from  $2000  to  $5000  monthly  in  gold  bars, 
which  could  only  have  come  into  their  possession  in 
the  dishonest  manner  indicated.  One  curious  phase 
of  the  affair  is  that  at  various  times  several  compa- 
nies have  received  through  the  mails  and  otherwise 
sums  aggregating  thousands  of  dollars,  accompanied 
by  anonymous  letters,  stating  that  the  money  was 
obtained  by  the  sale  of  stolen  gold  specimens — con. 
science  money,  in  fact — and  the  companies  arguet 
very  reasonably,  that  if  this  large  amount  of  money 
is  voluntarily  returned  by  those  whose  conscience 
pricks  them  for  acts  of  dishonesty,  there  is  a  reason- 
able probability  that  a  very  much  larger  amount  is 
still  retained  by  others,  whose  conscience  is  less  sen- 
sitive. It  is  proposed  to  organize  an  association 
similar  to  that  existing  in  the  South  African  diamond 
fields,  to  apprehend  the  diamond  thieves  and  illicit 
diamond  buyers,  who  are  familiarly  known  as  the 
"I.  D.  B.'s."  Every  mining  district  where  very 
valuable  ore  or  gems  are  produced  has  the  same 
experience.  In  America  about  the  only  attemp, 
made  to  check  this  sort  of  thing  is  a  careful  search- 
ing of  the  men  at  the  mine  change  houses,  but  this  is 
not  always  effective. 


tarily  go  to  work  in  the  mines;  but  there  is  objection 
to  this  in  the  countries  from  which  it  had  been  hoped  to 
renew  the  supply.  While  there  are  many  mine  man- 
agers who  are  willing  to  employ  Chinese,  there  is  a 
popular  sentiment  against  it.  Not  only  the  mines 
but  the  farms  are  short  of  the  necessary  laborers. 
From  among  the  teeming  millions  reported  to  in- 
habit central  Africa  there  should  be  no  difficulty  in 
recruiting  sufficient  laborers,  but  such  seems  not  to 
be  the  case. 


Labor  Troubles  Retarding  In- 
vestment. 


THE  cheap  labor  problem  continues  to  be  the  one 
feature  of  interest  in  the  mines  of  the  Rand, 
South  Africa.  The  latest  reports  show  that  the 
"  receipts"  of  natives  are  slightly  greater  than  the 
discharges  and  desertions.  The  mines  have  agents 
seeking  natives  throughout  Africa  who   will  volun- 


One  of  the  most  serious  phases  of  the  long  con- 
tinued labor  disturbances  is  the  effect  it  is  having  on 
capital  usually  available  for  mining  investment. 
From  various  Eastern,  as  well  as  Western  cities, 
comes  the  same  expression  of  fear  to  invest  in  mining 
enterprises  in  either  the  United  States  or  British 
Columbia.  It  has  been  clearly  and  repeatedly  de- 
monstrated that  the  development  of  the  industry  is 
being  retarded  by  these  frequent  clashes  between 
owner  and  operator  and  the  Western  Federation  of 
Miners.  Capital  does  not  feel  secure  under  such  con- 
ditions and  is  withheld  until  the  storm  is  past.  Men 
of  means  are  not  accustomed  to  having  their  em- 
ployes run  their  business  entirely,  preferring  to  have 
something  to  say  in  the  matter  themselves.  The 
position  taken  by  the  unions  —  that  of  placing 
all  men  engaged  in  any  particular  branch  on  a 
parity  has  never  been  successful,  and  can  never 
be  so  for  any  considerable  length  of  time,  as  it  is 
contrary,  not  only  to  custom,  but  to  the  dictates  of 
common  sense.  All  men  may  be  created  equal,  but 
they  do  not  long  remain  on  this  common  plane. 
Some  are  sure  to  advance  more  rapidly  and  be- 
come superior  to  others,  and  this  is  true  in  every 
walk  in  life. 

Investors  ask,  "is  there  anything  good  in  Mex- 
co?  "  A  review  of  the  mining  situation  the  past  few 
months  shows  that  an  enormous  amount  of  capital  has 
been  diverted  from  investment  in  mining  enterprises 
in  the  United  States  to  Mexico,  and  the  reason  for  it 
can  be  found  in  the  repeated  and  long-continued 
troubles  between  labor  and  capital  here.  Gold  min- 
ing is  unlike  any  other  business.  The  manufacturer 
may  be  obliged  to  submit  to  the  dictation  of  his  work- 
men, but  not  so  the  gold  miner,  and  when  the  unions 
become  too  unreasonable  in  their  demands,  the 
mine  owner  simply  closes  his  mine,  locking  up  the 
gold  in  the  unworked  stopes  of  the  mine,  and 
quietly  waits. 

The  principal  feature  of  the  week,  or  at  least  that 
which  attracts  most  attention  from  miners  of  the 
West,  is  the  renewal  of  trouble  between  the  Western 
Federation  of  Miners  and  the  mine  and  mill  owners 
and  United  States  Reduction  and  Refining  Co.  in 
Colorado.  The  difficulty  was  resumed  at  Colorado 
City  two  weeks  ago  and  has  been  carried  again  into 
the  Cripple  Creek  district,  where  there  are  now 
about  4000  miners,  and  other  workers  dependent 
upon  the  operation  of  the  mines,  out  of  employment. 

For  months  past  a  state  of  unrest  has  existed 
throughout  the  mining  regions  of  the  West.  Strikes 
have  been  numerous,  but  in  most  cases  the  differences 
have  been  adjusted,  temporarily  at  least,  and  work 
has  proceeded  as  before.  In  some  instances  the 
miners  were  successful,  in  others  they  lost,  and  scat- 
tered throughout  the  West.  One  of  the  managers 
of  the  Western  Federation,  having  been  worsted  in 
his  efforts  in  Arizona,  hastened  to  California,  where 
at  Jamestown,  Quartz  and  Stent,  in  Tuolumne  county, 
he  is  said  to  have  advised  the  men  who  are  on  strike 
there,  who  were  single,  to  go  at  once  to  Clifton  and 
Morenci,  where  they  could  take  the  place  of  the 
strikers  who  were  refused  employment,  thus  giving 
the  resident  miners  in  Tuolumne  county  "  a  chance 
to  win."  This  is  a  single  example  of  the  manner  in 
which  these  strikes  are  engineered. 

In  Amador  county,  California,  the  scene  of  a  recent 
strike  which  ended  to  the  advantage  of  the  union, 
there  is  now  trouble  between  the  miners  and  the 
engineers,  carpenters,  and  other  topmen,  who  have 
organized  themselves  into  a  separate  organization, 
and  it  is  reported  a  strike  is  daily  expected  there  in 
consequence. 

In  southern  Nevada  and  southern  California  the 
strike,  in  which  the  principal  mines  of   that  region 


are  involved,  continues.  Where  there  were  about 
400  miners  in  Randsburg  district,  there  are  now 
about  twenty.  At  Searchlight,  Nevada,  a  similar 
condition  prevails.  The  mine  operators  who  are  or- 
ganized there  remain  firm  in  their  announced  deter- 
mination to  keep  the  mines  closed  until  they  can 
operate  them  without  interference  from  the  organ- 
ized miners. 

In  British  Columbia  the  coal  miners'  strike  on  Van- 
couver island  was  lost.  The  threat  of  the  owner, 
Dunsmuir,  to  put  Chinese  in  the  mines,  together  with 
the  fact  that  the  Western  Federation  did  not  supply 
the  promised  financial  aid  to  the  men  who  were  out, 
resulted  in  the  miners  renouncing  the  Western  Fed- 
eration and  returning  to  work,  having  gained  noth- 
ing. On  Texada  island,  above  Vancouver,  the  min- 
ers of  the  Marble  Bay  Co.  of  Tacoma,  Wash.,  asso- 
ciated themselves  with  the  Western  Federation,  and 
demanded  eight  hours  for  miners  and  nine  hourp  for 
topmen,  at  the  same  wages  as  was  previously  paid 
for  ten  hours.  The  owners  refused  to  entertain  the 
proposition  and  promptly  closed  the  mines,  which  had 
been  shipping  steadily  for  the  past  three  years. 

In  the  case  of  the  Cripple  Creek  strike,  opinion  is 
divided,  as  usual,  but  the  consensus  of  opinion  is  that 
the  miners  had  no  grievance,  and  that  the  strike  is 
purely  of  a  sympathetic  nature,  intended  to  assist 
the  striking  mill  and  smelter  men  to  win  at  Colorado 
City.  The  mine  owners  and  reduction  works  man- 
agers are  organized,  and  declare  that  the  conditions 
under  which  the  industry  has  been  carried  on  the 
past  year  must  terminate  one  way  or  another,  and 
they  have  determined  to  shut  down  and  continue 
closed  until  the  miners  come  to  their  senses.  In  most 
of  the  largest  mines  of  Cripple  Creek  district  the 
union  wages  are  paid,  eight  hours  constitute  a  day's 
work,  and  all  conditions  demanded  by  the  Western 
Federation  have  been  practically  complied  with,  ex- 
cepting that  some  men  are  employed  who  are  not 
members  of  the  Federation,  and  that  the  Western 
Federation  or  its  representatives  are  not  officially 
recognized.  The  merchants  and  other  business  men 
are  not  generally  in  sympathy  with  the  methods  of 
the  Federation,  and  have  inaugurated  a  cash  system 
in  the  stores,  which  means  that  the  merchants  do 
not  intend  to  carry  the  strikers,  and  that  the  miners 
will  be  forced  to  receive  financial  support  from  the 
Federation  or  stand  the  expense  of  the  strike  indi- 
vidually, which  a  large  percentage  of  them  are  un- 
able to  do.  The  miners  of  Cripple  Creek  are  losing 
time,  or  money,  at  the  rate  of  about  $12,000  a  day. 
The  mine  owners  sustain  a  nominal  loss,  but  the  gold 
still  remains  in  the  veins,  to  be  recovered  at  some 
subsequent  time,  when  conditions  are  more  favorable 
than  at  present.  Merchants,  railroads,  and  others 
with  capital  invested  in  the  region  must  incidentally 
sustain  more  or  less  loss,  though  in  no  manner  a 
party  to  either  side  of  the  dispute. 

The  Cripple  Creek  drainage  tunnel  is  one  of  the 
most  important  undertakings  in  the  district  at  the 
present  time,  and  the  mine  owners  are  anxious  to 
have  this  completed,  in  order  that  the  mines  under- 
neath which  it  passes  may  be  drained  during  the 
present  trouble,  there  remaining  but  90  feet  un- 
finished when  the  strike  began.  Late  dispatches 
announce  that  fifty  miners  have  gone  to  work  in  the 
El  Paso  mine  under  armed  guard.  The  drainage 
tunnel  is  being  partly  driven  from  the  bottom  of  the 
El  Paso  shaft,  and  a  portion  of  the  men  now  at  work 
there  will  advance  the  headings  with  all  possible 
speed.  It  is  stated  that  this  attempt  to  operate 
under  an  armed  guard  is  intended  as  a  test  of 
strength,  and,  if  no  interference  results,  other  mines 
will  follow  the  example  of  the  El  Paso  Company. 

That  in  the  majority  of  cases  the  miners  are  being 
misled  there  seems  little  doubt.  When  the  mines  pay 
the  wages  and  hours  demanded,  and  otherwise  com- 
ply with  the  wishes  of  the  Federation,  and  the  only 
excuse  for  a  strike  is  the  fact  that  mine  managers, 
refuse  to  recognize  the  Federation  officially  and  deny 
the  agents  of  the  union  permission  to  openly  go  into 
the  mines  and  proselyte  for  membership,  there  is 
something  radically  wrong.  Evidently  this  struggle 
will  be  "  to  a  finish."  It  means  complete  victory  for 
the  Western  Federation  of  Miners  in  the  Cripple 
Creek  region  or  their  disorganization  there  and  in 
many  other  places.  Whichever  way  the  tide  of  this 
battle  may  turn,  it  will  doubtless  have  a  direct  and 
powerful  influence  on  the  labor  situation  throughout 
the  mines  of  the  West. 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


hi 


9 9 

CONCENTRATES, 

y c 


The  rubber  sheets,  known  as  sheet  packing,  may  be 
more  easily  cut  If  the  knife  be  dipped  frequently  In  water 
during  the  process. 

* 

Carbonate  of  soda  will  neutralize  the  acid  water  so 
hurtful  to  the  boiler.  It  may  be  added  In  the  proportion 
of  one  grain  per  gallon  for  each  degree  of  acidity  In  the 
water. 

* 

The  Chilian  mill  Is  employed  where  It  Is  necessary  to 
grind  ore  very  fine.  The  capacity  varies  with  the  size 
of  the  mill,  weight  of  grinding  wheels,  power  applied 
and  screen  used. 

* 

AT  the  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  mine,  Broken  Hill, 
New  South  Wales,  68,320  cubic  yards  of  waste  were 
broken  In  the  open  cuts  for  filling  In  underground  stopes 
during  the  half  year  ending  May  31,  1!K)3. 

* 
Careful  experiments  In  sizing  pulp  from  mill  batter- 
ies before  sending  it  to  concentrating  machines  indicates 
that  by  proper  arrangements  in  this  direction   in   many 
Instances  canvas  slimes  plants  may  be  dispensed  with. 

* 
IN  some  canvas  plants  the  grade  is  fixed  at  three- 
fourths  of  an  inch  to  the  foot,  but  experience  has  shown 
that  to  accomplish  the  most  satisfactory  results  the 
grade  should  be  adjustable,  though  few  tables  are  so  ar- 
ranged. 

* 

TALC  of  good  variety  Is  worth  in  the  Eastern  markets 
at  the  place  of  production  from  16  to  $8  per  ton.  It  is 
used  largely  in  the  manufacture  of  some  kinds  of  paper, 
and  in  ornamenting  wall  paper,  and  also  in  the  manu- 
facture of  tips  for  gas  and  acetylene  burners. 
* 

The  greatest  depth  from  which  ore  is  being  hoisted  on 
the  Rand,  South  Africa,  is  about  2500  feet,  but  there  are 
deeper  shafts  than  this  which  are  sinking  to  reach  the 
banket.  Some  of  the  latter  approximate  4000  feet  in 
vertical  depth. 

* 

The  usual  grade  of  a  placer  sluice  box  is  8  inches  to 
the  12-foot  box.  If  the  gold  be  very  fine  a  lighter  grade 
may  do  better,  though  a  longer  line  of  sluices  may  be 
necessary.  Twenty  inches,  or  30  cubic  feet  of  water  per 
minute,  is  usually  considered  a  "sluice  head"  in  placer 
mining. 

The  limit  of  successful  electrical  power  transmission 
does  not  seem  to  have  been  reached,  and  it  would  be  dif- 
ficult to  even  approximately  indicate  what  that  limit 
might  be.  In  California,  as  a  commercially  profitable 
business  proposition,  40,000  volts  are  transmitted  over 
200  miles. 

* 
The  San  Roque  placers  are  in  Lower  California,  and 
were  discovered  in  the  summer  of  1900.  A  large  number 
of  men  stampeded  to  that  section  only  to  be  disappointed 
—as  usual  the  mines  were  not  profitable— though  gold 
actually  did  exist  in  small  quantities  In  the  alluvial  of 
the  district. 

* 

Occasionally  gold  ores  are  met  with  which  are  not 
"free "and  which  contain  no  sulphurets.  Such  ores 
usually  contain  also  chloride  of  silver  in  addition  to  the 
gold.  Some  ores  of  this  character  after  treatment  with 
hyposulphite  of  soda  will  yield  a  large  percentage  of  gold 
by  amalgamation. 

* 

The  rock  specimen  from  Ibapah,  Utah,  is  quartz  with 
yellow  scales  of  wulfenite  (lead  molybdate),  and  the  green 
crystals  are  pyromorphlte,  a  composition  of  lead,  chlo- 
rine and  phosphorous  pentoxlde.  The  phosphorous  is 
sometimes  replaced  by  arsenic,  and  with  increasing  ar- 
senic it  passes  over  to  mlnette. 

The  angle  of  inclination  of  a  working  shaft  should  not 
be  changed  if  It  Is  possible  to  avoid  it.  Hoisting  can  be 
more  speedily  and  economically  accomplished  through  a 
straight  shaft  than  through  one  sunk  at  a  variable 
angle.  On  no  account  should  the  alignment  be  changed, 
no  matter  what  changes  may  be  made  in  the  angle  of  dip. 
* 

The  Western  Federation  of  Miners  originated  In  Mon- 
tana in  1878.  It  has  since  extended  its  influence  into 
every  mining  State  of  the  West  and  into  almost  every 
camp,  Including  British  Columbia,  and  recently  an  at- 
tempt was  made  to  carry  the  work  of  organization  into 
Mexico,  but  as  far  as  learned  without  marked  success 
thus  far. 

The  number  of  holes  to  be  drilled  in  a  shaft  to  consti- 
tute what  is  known  as  a  "  round  "  must  be  determined 
by  the  size  of  the  shaft  and  character  of  the  rock.  The 
proper  depth  of  each  hole  must  be  judged  by  the  miner 
himself  or  by  the  foreman.  The  direction  of  the  holes 
is  determined  by  the  pitch  of  the  formation  and  jointing 
planes. 

Ordinarily  there  is  some  loss  and  error  In  a  fire 
assay.  Such  loss  is  an  indeterminate  quantity.  With  a 
gold  ore  going  one-half  ounce  to  the  ton  the  loss  will 
sometimes  run  as  high  as  3%  to  5% ;  with  an  ore  going 
one  ounce  to  the  ton  the  loss  may  vary  from  2%  to  3%  ; 
with  a  four-ounce  ore,  1%  to  2%.    A  one-ounce  silver  ore 


may  lose  10%  to  12%  during  an  assay;  a  ten-ounce  ore, 
«%  to  1% ;  a  100-ounco  ore,  4%  to  5%. 

4 

The  rock  specimens  from  Terrazas,  Mexico,  are  pitch- 
stone  porphyry,  also  known  as  vitrophyre.  It  is  a 
variety  of  volcanic  glass  and  commercially  worthless. 
Pitchblende  is  a  different  mineral,  having  a  sub-metallic 
to  dull  lustre;  is  grayish,  greenish,  brownish  to  velvet 
black.  Not  so  hard  a9  the  pltchstone,  which  readily 
scratches  glass. 

* 

The  cost  of  treating  sulphides  in  California,  as  at  other 
places,  varies  with  the  oharacter  of  treatment,  and  to 
some  extent  with  the  value  of  the  ore,  particularly  when 
the  concentrates  are  shipped.  The  costs  are:  Concen- 
trating and  delivery  to  drying  floor;  sacking;  cost  and 
wear  and  tear  of  sacks;  transportation,  usually  both  by 
wagon  and  rail;  treatment  charges  and  discounts  of 
smelter  or  mill  treating  the  ore. 
ife 

The  use  of  gold  amalgam  instead  of  quicksilver  alone 
in  pan  amalgamation  has  proven  very  beneficial  in  work- 
ing some  gold  ores  by  pan  amalgamation,  particularly  if 
the  ore  be  ground  in  arra9tras  Instead  of  Iron  pans.  It 
appears,  according  to  Stetefeldt,  who  experimented  along 
these  lines  in  Mexico,  that  contact  of  Iron  during  pan 
amalgamation  is  detrimental,  though  no  satisfactory 
reason  has  been  assigned  for  this. 
* 

The  roasting  of  ores  as  preliminary  to  ohlorlnation 
has  for  its  object  the  expulsion  by  burning  or  volatiliza- 
tion of  the  sulphur,  arsenic,  antimony  and  other  volatile 
substances  lu  the  ore.  This  Is  usually  accomplished  In  a 
reverberatory  furnace.  Wood  or  oil  Is  usually  employed 
a9  fuel— the  latter  is  the  better,  as  the  Same  can  be 
regulated  with  more  exactness  and  the  Bulphides  can  be 
completely  roasted  in  less  time  than  by  the  use  of  wood. 
The  ordinary  hand  reverberatory  (single  hearth)  has  a 
capacity  of  2}  to  5  tons  in  twenty-four  hours,  dependent 
somewhat  upon  the  size  of  furnace,  character  of  ore  and 
kind  of  fuel  used.  The  cost  per  ton  ranks  with  size  of 
furnace,  cost  and  kind  of  fuel  and  cost  of  labor. 
* 

The  Impact  water  wheels  of  high  efficiency  which  are 
in  use  to-day  are  the  outcome  of  long  years  of  experi- 
ment. The  original  Impact  iron  wheel  was  known  as  the 
"hurdy-gurdy."  It  was  an  imperfect  device,  as  com- 
pared with  the  Improved  wheels  of  the  present  day,  but 
it  had  a  much  higher  efficiency  than  any  form  of  wheel 
previously  introduced.  The  force  of  the  water  exerted 
on  the  bucket  of  an  impact  wheel  depends  on  the  velocity 
of  the  water  and  the  form  of  its  path,  and  also  on  the 
extent  to  which  it  is  deflected  from  its  original  course, 
and  on  the  angles  of  entrance  and  exit  from  the  bucket, 
and  not  largely  on  the  form  of  the  curve,  assuming 
the  latter  to  be  continuous  and  the  curvature  not  too 
abrupt. 

* 

Silver  plates  would  probably  give  better  satisfac- 
tion for  the  purpose  of  amalgamating  gold  ores  in  stamp 
mills  than  silver-plated  copper  plates,  but  mill  men  and 
mine  owners  object  to  the  outlay  of  money  necessary  to 
provide  the  sliver  plates,  and  yet  silvered  copper  plates, 
or  even  raw  copper  plates,  after  a  few  years  use  on  ore 
of  medium  grade  become  more  valuable  than  the  silver 
plates  would  be  when  new,  by  reason  of  absorption  of 
gold.  Plates  have  been  known  to  absorb  hundreds  of 
dollars  in  gold,  while  presenting  practically  the  same 
appearance  as  when  new.  The  best  amalgamating  sur- 
face on  a  plate  is  a  coating  of  gold  amalgam,  but  most 
mill  men  are  too  anxious  to  secure  a  good  cleanup  to 
allow  the  gold  to  accumulate  any  more  than  absolutely 
necessary. 

The  first  attempt  to  extract  gold  from  its  ores  by  use 
of  cyanide  of  potassium  solutions  was  made  in  1867  by 
J.  H.  Rae,  who  took  out  a  patent  on  his  process.  This 
patent  also  Included'  the  use  of  electricity  In  the  process. 
In  1880  J.  W.  Simpson  obtained  a  patent  for  treating 
oreB  containing  gold,  silver  and  copper,  by  employing  a 
solution  of  cyanide  of  potassium  3%  and  ammonium 
carbonate  0.19%.  Copper  was  to  be  extracted  with 
the  gold.  If  silver  were  present  sodium  chloride  was  to 
be  added  to  the  solution.  This  process  never  came  Into 
use,  as  It  was  not  based  on  sound  reasoning,  and  the 
chemical  reactions  taking  place  in  the  solutions  by  the 
addition  of  ammonium  carbonate  were  rather  a  detriment 
than  an  advantage,  as  it  decomposed  cyanide  rapidly. 
The  gold  was  precipitated  on  a  plate  of  zinc. 
* 

A  LEAKY  JOINT  on  a  pipe  line  under  heavy  pressure 
may  usually  be  remedied  by  placing  a  broad  steel  band 
(4  to  6  inches  wide,  according  to  size  of  pipe)  about  the 
joint  and  drawing  it  up  close  with  a  suitable  threaded 
clamp.  The  edges  of  the  band  should  be  turned  upward 
slightly  before  placing  on  the  pipe.  When  in  place  nar- 
row strips  of  lead  should  be  carefully  calked  beneath  the 
band  entirely  around  the  pipe.  This  will  generally  stop 
the  leak,  but  great  care  1b  neceBsary.  The  blows  of  the 
hammer  on  the  calking  tool  mu9t  be  gauged  with  much 
care,  as  after  getting  the  leak  practically  stopped  an  un- 
necessarily heavy  blow  may  undo  the  careful  work  of  an 
hour.  Every  pipe  line  should  be  provided  with  ex- 
pansion joints  to  make  allowance  for  expansion  due  to 
changes  of  temperature,  and  this  whether  the  line  be  a 
conduit  for  water,  air  or  oil. 
il> 

There  will  always  probably  be  two  divisions  into 
which  will  go  those  who  discuss  or  study  the  genesis  of 
ore  deposits.    In  the  one  division  will  be  found  those 


who  busy  themselves  with  the  natural  phenomena  found 
In  the  field  and  the  mine;  the  other  will  confine  their 
work  mostly  to  the  reproduction  or  analysis  of  the  opera- 
tions of  nature  in  the  laboratory.  The  former  collects 
Isolated  facts  ;  the  latter  assimilates  them  to  later  repro- 
duce them  in  regular  and  concrete  form.  To  attempt  in 
the  limits  of  a  "concentrate"  to  discuss  the  genesis  of 
ore  deposits  would  be  like  an  effort  to  compress  the  Sier- 
ras into  a  nutshell.  Ores  or  ore  deposits  may  be  generally 
classified  as  of  direct  igneous  origin,  or  as  deposited  by 
underground  water,  or  the  direct  result  of  the  process  of 
sedimentation.  Circulating  underground  waters  consti- 
tute the  Bource  of  many  metalliferous  deposits.  The 
subject  is  a  most  interesting  one  and  has  been  exhaust- 
ively discussed  by  many  able  writers. 
* 

It  Is  probable  that  the  crust  of  the  earth  Is  solid  to  a 
depth  of  about  25  miles.  Below  that,  under  a  pressure 
of  10,840  atmospheres  and  a  temperature  of  1200°  C,  the 
hitherto  solid  rocks  begin  to  assume  the  liquid  state, 
while  at  a  depth  of  200  miles  the  heat  mu9t  be  sufficiently 
great  to  raise  most  known  substances  to  their  "critical 
point."  (The  critical  point  of  a  substance  is  that  tem- 
perature above  which  the  substance  remains  gaseous, 
irrespective  of  the  pressure  to  which  it  is  subjected.) 
Below  a  zone  bounded  by  the  highest  and  lowest  critical 
points  of  the  substances  present  in  that  zone  the  whole 
interior  of  the  earth  must,  therefore,  be  gaseous,  but 
subjected  to  a  pressure  so  inconceivably  great  as  to  be- 
come a  highly  viscous  and  incompressible  mass,  so  rigid 
and  bo  Incompressible  as  to  behave  in  all  respects  like  a 
ball  of  steel. 

* 

The  term  "porphyry"  is  one  applied  by  miners  in- 
discriminately to  light  colored  rocks  for  which  they 
know  no  better  name.  These  rocks  are  usually  of 
Igneous  origin,  though  not  always  so.  The  word  por- 
phyry means  purple,  and  was  applied  to  the  purple 
porphyry  of  Egypt,  a  rock  from  which  many  monu- 
ments and  obelisks  were  made.  The  term  now  has  a 
structural  significance  only  and  is  applied  to  rocks  in 
which  distinct  crystals  of  mineral  occur  in  a  finer-grained 
mass.  This  ground  mass  (or  back  ground,  as  it  might 
be  called)  may  be  coarse  or  fine,  but  the  porphyrltic 
crystals  must  be  relatively  larger.  There  Is  quartz- 
porphyry,  feldspar  -  porphyry,  hornblende  -  porphyry, 
granite-porphyry,  etc.,  the  prefix  always  Indicating  the 
character  of  the  large  crystals  or  phenocrysts.  Dark 
colored  basic  rocks,  with  porphyrltic  structure,  are 
called  porphyrlte,  as  diorlte-porphyrite,  diabase-por- 
phyrite,  etc. 

The  thickness  of  a  slime  cake  In  a  filter  press  would  be 
determined  largely  by  local  conditions,  the  kind  of  ore, 
the  fineness  of  crushing,  etc.  A  3-inch  cake  Is  usually 
considered  none  too  thick.  In  treating  slimes  by  filter 
presses  there  are  two  methods  In  ordinary  use.  In  one 
the  slimes,  having  been  separated  from  the  sands  by 
means  of  spltzlutten  and  afterwards  settled  in  V  boxes 
and  settling  vats,  are  agitated  with  weak  cyanide  solu- 
tion of  requisite  strength,  and  when  the  solution  of  the 
gold  is  complete  the  pulp  is  forced  into  the  presses  to 
separate  the  gold-bearing  solution  from  the  slimes,  weak 
wash  solution  or  water  being  subsequently  forced 
through  the  cakes  to  displace  the  remaining  gold-bear- 
ing solution.  In  the  second  method  the  solution  of  the 
gold  iB  effected  entirely  in  the  filter  presses,  without  pre- 
vious agitation  with  KCy  solution,  by  first  charging  the 
press  with  slimes  and  then  forcing  cyanide  solution 
through  the  slime  cakes  until  the  maximum  possible 
amount  of  gold  1b  obtained,  then  displacing  the  gold  solu- 
tion by  weak  wash  or  water.  The  cost  of  single-filter 
pressing  would  run  about  $1.50  per  ton  of  dry  slimes.  , 
* 

The  linings  of  copper  converters  is  one  of  the  most 
Important  matterB  in  converter  practice.  During  the 
process  of  "blowing  up"  the  copper  in  the  converter 
the  ferrous  oxide,  which  forms  during  the  combustion  of 
the  matte,  robs  the  lining  of  the  converter  of  the  silica 
it  contains  to  form  slag.  As  the  lining  is  destroyed 
during  the  converting  process  it  has  to  be  frequently 
renewed.  The  material  from  which  converter  linings  is 
made  is  quartz  and  clay,  the  latter  acting  merely  as  a 
cementing  medium  to  hold  the  grains  of  quartz  together, 
as  it  must  stand  the  force  of  the  blast  and  the  surging  of 
the  molten  metal.  The  quartz  must  be  pure  silica,  but 
experience  has  demonstrated  that  white  barren  quartz 
is  preferable  to  siliceous  ores.  No  quartz  containing  less 
than  98%  silica  is  satisfactory.  Many  experiments  have 
been  made  on  the  size  of  quartz  grains  to  determine 
which  was  the  beBt  for  UBe  in  converters,  and  it  has  been 
found  that  the  quartz  rock  crushed  In  rolls  so  that  it 
will  paBS  a  finch  punched  trommel  is  satisfactory— the  • 
coarse  and  fine  being  mixed  together.  Linings  made  of 
this  sort  of  material  have  been  found  more  enduring 
than  those  of  material  screened  to  a  uniform  size  either 
coarser  or  finer.  Almost  any  clay  of  plastic  nature  Is 
considered  sufficiently  good  for  the  purpose  of  linings, 
fine  clay  not  being  absolutely  essential.  Quartz  and  clay 
are  dumped  in  large  bins,  the  clay  having  been  run 
through  a  Chile  mill  and  the  quartz  through  breakers  and 
rolls.  Two  mixtures  are  used.  The  lower  sections  of  the 
converter  are  tamped  with  a  mixture  of  two  shovelB  of  clay 
to  ten  or  twelve  shovels  of  quartz,  mixed  rather  dry.  The 
upper  portion  is  lined  with  a  softer  mixture,  consisting  of 
old  crushed  linings,  to  each  ten  or  twelve  shovels  of 
which  are  added  two  shovels  of  clay.  The  linings  are 
rammed  in  with  heated  bars.  It  requires  much  experi- 
ence and  skill  to  properly  line  a  converter  so  it  will  give 
the  best  and  most  lasting  results. 


112 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22,  1903. 


Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 


Written  lor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  H.  Storms. 

A  great  deal  has  been  written  about  the  general 
geology,  the  veins,  and  methods  of  mining  and  milling 
on  the  California  gold  belt,  but  comparatively  little 
has  been  said  of  some  of  its  interesting  structural 
features,  though  these  often  have  an  important 
bearing  on  the  economic  value  and  operation  of  the 
mines,  where  unusual  geological  disturbances  occur. 
That  section  of  the  gold  belt  popularly  known  as 
the  Mother  Lode  has  its  southern  terminus  near  the 
old  village  of  Bridgeport,  in  southern  Mariposa 
county,  and  thence  extends  northerly,  though  not 
absolutely  continuously  through  the  counties  of  Mari- 
posa, Tuolumne,  Calaveras  and  Amador  into  El 
Dorado,  where  it  splits  up  into  a  series  of  great  vein 
systems,  the  outer  limits  of  which  are  several  miles 
apart,  and  the  characteristic  features  which  dis- 
tinguish the  lode  southward  are  eventually  lost, 
and  the  Mother  Lode  practically  ends,  though 
in  the  same  general  direction — N.  W.-S.  E. ; 
the  gold  belt  extends  northerly,  through  the  coun- 
ties of  Placer,  Nevada,  Butte,  Sierra,  Plumas 
and  Shasta,  but  the  vein  systems  of  those  northern 
counties  are  unlike  those  of  the  Mother  Lode. 
The  gold  belt  also  extends  southward  from  Mariposa 
county,  but  not  with  those  distinctive  features  that 
characterize  the  Mother  Lode. 

The  impression  which  has  been  created  in  the  minds 
of  those  who  never  visited  and  traveled  along  the 


Quartz  Cropping — The  May  Rock,  Mariposa  County,  Cal 


so-called  Mother  Lode,  is,  that  it  is  a  large  and 
continuous  vein  20  to  100  feet  or  more  in  width,  and 
extending  in  a  N.  W.-S.  E.  direction  for  120  miles, 
as  indicated  on  the  maps.  Such,  however,  is  not 
the  case.  The  lode  or,  more  properly,  belt  consists 
of  a  series  of  veins,  branching,  overlapping,  and  at 
places  disappearing  entirely,  for  considerable  dis- 
tances. Along  different  parts  of  the  belt  the  mines 
are  entirely  dissimilar  from  those  elsewhere,  and 
usually  the  character  of  the  inclosing  rock  has  a 
material  influence  on  the  structure,  if  not  the  value, 
of  the  vein.  In  the  two  southern  counties  of  the  belt, 
Mariposa  and  Tuolumne,  and  extending  northward  into 
the  county  of  Calaveras,  the  distinguishing  character- 
istics of  the  lode  are  the  occurrence  of  a  great  vein  of 
dolomitic  mineral  consisting  of  the  carbonates  of  lime 
and  magnesia  and  also  often  of  iron.  When  the 
first  two  are  alone  combined  the  rock  is  essentially 
dolomite,  bat  with  the  addition  of  the  iron  carbonate 
it  becomes  ankerite.  This  rock  is  usually,  though 
not  always,  accompanied  by  a  green  scaly  mica- 
ceous magnesian  mineral  named  by  Prof.  Silliman, 
mariposite.  The  dolomitic  mineral  is  seldom  gold- 
bearing  to  an  extent  that  would  constitute  payable 
ore,  though  there  are  exceptions,  the  most  noted  be- 
ing at  the  Rawhide  mine  in  Tuolumne  county,  near 
Jamestown,  where  a  small  shoot  of  this  rock 
(ankerite  with  mariposite  and  little  quartz)  was 
found  containing  several  thousand  dollars  per  ton. 
The  dolomitic  vein  is  accompanied  by  large  flat  lenses 
or  veins  of  quartz  which  are  occasionally  gold-bear- 
ing and  worked  at  a  profit.  The  quartz  contains,  be- 
sides free  gold,  auriferous  pyrite.  The  value  of  this 
rock  is  very  variable,  ranging  from  a  few  cents  to 
many  dollars  per  ton.  The  quartz  occurs  along  the 
sides  of  the  dolomitic  vein,  which  is  from  15  or  20 
feet  to  over  300  feet  in  width,  and  sometimes  large 
lenses  of  quartz  are  found  at  intermediate  points  be- 
tween the  defining  walls  of  the  dolomite.  (See  ac- 
companying illustration.)  Often  the  quartz  lenses 
are  found  crossing  the  lode  at  an  angle.  Small  quartz 
veins  and  veinlets  are  of  frequent  occurrence,  con- 
necting the  larger  quartz  masses.     Free  gold  is  not 


infrequently  found,  and  occasionally  pockets  contain- 
ing many  thousands  of  dollars  are  discovered  at 
points  from  the  surface  to  2000  feet  deep. 

It  is  not  an  uncommon  thing  to  find  the  pay  shoots 
crossing  the  lode,  sometimes  reaching  from  wall  to 
wall,  and  again  having  a  lesser  extent,  reaching  only 
part  way  across.  The  wall  rocks  are  greatly  vari- 
able in  these  southern  counties  of  the  lode,  and  are, 
variously,  black  clay  slate,  serpentine,  amphibolite 
schist,  diabase,  talc  (altered  serpentine),  and  the 
dolomitic  material  is  itself  often  found  sheared  and 
altered  to  a  scaly  or  schistose  talcose  mineral.  Be- 
sides the  above-mentioned  rocks,  there  appear  at 
various  places  large  feldspathic  dikes,  as  at  the 
Grant  mine  on  Moccasin  creek  and  at  the  Eagle- 
Shawmut,  near  Jacksonville.  Diorite  also  is  occa- 
sionally seen,  and  in  the  Golden  Rule  at  Stent  a  dio- 
rite dike  has  divided  the  dolomitic  vein  into  two  sec- 
tions. The  payable  values  at  the  latter  mine,  how- 
ever, and  at  the  New  Era  and  Jumper,  adjoining  it, 
are  not  in  the  dolomite  or  the  quartz  veins  accom- 
panying it,  but  in  the  hanging-wall  amphibolite 
schists,  accompanied  by  an  intrusive  dike. 

From  its  first  appearance  in  southern  Mariposa 
county  the  lode  extends  uninterruptedly  northward 
several  miles  to  Mount  Ophir,  near  which  a  break 
occurs — that  is,  the  lode  proper  disappears,  but  is 
found  cropping  farther  northward  in  the  same  gen- 
eral direction.  From  there  it  is  practically  con- 
tinuous to  the  Merced  river,  but  on  the  north  side  of 
the  river  it  again  disappears,  to  again  crop  up  sev- 
eral miles  beyond.  Other  breaks  occur  between  the 
Virginia  mine,  5  miles  south  of  Coulterville,  and  the 
Grant  mine,  on  Moccasin  creek,  though  where  the 
great  vein  does  appear  it  forms  great  masses  of 
the  dolomite  with  its  accompanying  quartz  ledges, 
which  outcrop  to  the  height  of  50 
to  80  feet  in  places  above  the  sur- 
rounding rocks,  forming  prominent 
features  of  the  landscape. 

These  breaks  in  the  continuity  of 
the  lode  are  not  due  to  faulting, 
but  to  a  thinning  out  of  the  vein 
and  its  reappearance  at  a  greater 
or  less  distance  beyond.  In  Tuol- 
umne county  it  is  practically  con- 
tinuous entirely  across  the  county 
and  several  noted  mines  occur 
along  its  length.  In  a  general 
way,  these  mines  bear  a  similarity 
to  one  another,  though  no  two  are 
exactly  alike.  Moreover,  the  best 
values  are  not  always  found  within 
the  lode  proper,  but  in  the  schists 
of  the  hanging  wall.  Several  mines 
are  being  operated  where  this  is 
the  case.  To  what  extent  the  min- 
eralization of  the  schists  has  been 
influenced  by  the  main  fissure  it  is 
impossible  at  present  to  say. 

When  the  lode  crosses  the  Stani- 
slaus river  into  Calaveras  county  it 
branches  into  several  sections,  and 
at  the  top  of  Carson  hill  (a  mile 
from  the  river)  the  dolomitic  vein 
practically  disappears,  though 
several  large  quartz  veins  mark 
its  continuation  northward  toward  Angels.  From 
the  summit  of  Carson  hill  northward  the  dolomitic 
vein  does  not  reappear  northward  until  near  San 
Andreas — a  distance  of  about  16  miles.  The  interven- 
ing section  consists  chiefly  of  amphibolite  schists, 
with  dikes  of  diorite  and  diabase,  with  occasional 
strips  of  clay  slate,  but  the  most  extensively  de- 
veloped mines  are  in  the  schists.  Large  veins  of 
quartz  occur  throughout  this  region,  spreading  out 
over  a  width  of  3  miles  near  Angels,  but  the  best 
values  are  found  near  the  center  of  the  belt  in  the 
town  of  Angels.  Prospects  are  found  in  many  places 
east  and  west  of  the  main  lode  at  Angels,  but  as  yet 
no  paying  mines  have  been  developed  therein. 

Near  San  Andreas,  as  above  stated,  the  dolomitic 
vein  reappears,  and  possesses  the  same  features  as 
those  distinguishing  it  southward,  viz.,  the  broad 
zone  of  dolomite  or  ankerite,  with  its  ferruginous  red 
croppings,  large  quartz  masses,  cropping  boldly 
above  the  surface,  and  always  accompanied  by  the 
more  or  less  abundant  mariposite. 

From  San  Andreas  northward  these  features  dis- 
tinguish the  lode  for  a  mile  or  more.  It  is  important 
to  note  that  this  dolomitic  vein  is  almost  invariably 
accompanied  by  serpentine,  wherever  it  appears, 
though  other  rocks,  such  as  diabase  tuff,  diabase 
dike  rock  or  black  slate,  may  also  be  present. 

In  northern  Calaveras  county,  beyond  this  re- 
occurrence of  the  dolomite,  the  lode  is  confined  chiefly 
to  black  slate,  with  occasional  greenstone  tuffs,  as  at 
the  Gwin  mine,  where  at  the  surface  the  vein  is  en- 
tirely in  black  slate,  but  in  depth  encounters  a  coarse, 
much-sheared  diabase  conglomerate.  The  Gwin  vein 
is  a  large,  strong  fissure  without  fault,  and  is  re- 
markably straight  in  its  strike.  Following  the  lode 
northward  from  the  Gwin  into  Amador  county,  at 
the  southern  end  it  is  split  up  into  numerous  branches, 
some  of  which  are  of  large  size.  These  veins  occur 
in  black  slate  or  in  amphibolite  schist,  or  in  part  at 
contact  of  these  two  formations.  One  of  the  dis- 
tinguishing characteristics  of  mines  in  this  section  is 
the  occurrence  of  mispickel  (arsenical  iron  sulphide) 
rich  in  gold  and  often  accompanied  by  pockets  of 


heavy  gold.  The  veins  which  here  occur  on  the  east- 
erly side  of  the  belt,  as  at  the  Amador  gold  mine, 
near  Jackson,  and  in  the  Hardenburg,  show  great 
movement.  The  quartz  is  often  highly  polished  along 
its  walls,  and  not  infrequently  it  has  been  reduced  to 
a  sandy  condition  by  heavy  pressure  and  movement. 
Heavy  gouges  occur  which  represent  the  crushed 
and  ground-up  portions  of  large  masses  of  slate  and 
amphibolite  schist.  The  gouge  often  contains  frag- 
ments of  vein  quartz  and  infiltrated  veinlets  of 
quartz  and  calcite.  Although  gold  occurs  in  these 
large  veins,  no  remunerative  mine  has  yet  been  de- 
veloped there,  though  a  number  of  the  pocket  mines 
farther  south  have  yielded  handsomely. 

Near  Jackson,  in  Amador  county,  the  vein  system 
is  not  complex,  being  represented  by  several  fissures 
having  a  nearly  parallel  strike.  The  most  easterly 
is  developed  in  the  Zeila  mine,  which  is  nearly  wholly 
in  amphibolite  schist.  This  mine  has  been  operated 
almost  continuously  for  more  than  thirty  years. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Tungsten,  Molybdenum,  Uranium  and  Vanadium. 

According  to  the  report  to  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey  for  1902  by  J.  H.  Pratt,  the  pro- 
duction of  crude  tungsten  ores  during  1902  amounted 
to  183.5  tons,  of  which  not  more  than  a  few  tons  were 
sold.  The  production  of  1901  was  179  tons  of 
concentrated  ore,  valued  at  $27,720.  The  larger 
part  of  the  production  of  1902  was  from  Colorado, 
with  a  smaller  amount  from  Connecticut.  No  new 
localities  were  developed  during  1902. 

Almost  the  entire  production  of  commercial  molyb- 
denite was  by  the  Crown  Point  M.  Co.  of  Seattle, 
Wash.,  from  their  property  in  the  western  part  of 
Chelan  county.  The  production  amounted  to  about 
twelve  tons.  The  value  of  the  ores  is  very  erratic, 
the  prices  quoted  varying  from  $1500  to  $100  per  ton. 

There  was  a  marked  increase  in  the  production  of 
uranium  and  vanadium  minerals  in  1902,  which,  as 
reported  to  the  Survey,  amounted  to  3810  tons, 
valued  at  $48,125,  or  $12.63  per  ton.  This,  of  course, 
represents  the  crude  ore.  In  1901  the  production  was 
375  tons  of  crude  ore.  A  portion  of  the  uranium  ore 
was  treated,  giving  a  concentrated  product  of 
twenty-five  tons,  which  was  valued  at  $8000,  or  $320 
per  ton. 

Although  it  has  been  determined  that  these  met- 
als have  beneficial  effects  when  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  steel,  considerable  study  of  them  is  neces- 
sary before  their  commercial  position  with  respect  to 
one  another  or  to  nickel  and  chromium  can  be  defi- 
nitely determined.  Questions  came  up  as  to  which 
of  the  various  irons  hardened  by  them  are  best 
adapted  for  steel  drills,  for  dies  and  shoes  in  stamp 
mills,  for  car  axles,  carpenters'  tools,  etc.,  as  to 
which  will  retain  the  best  cutting  edge,  which  will 
heat  the  least  when  in  use,  and  which  will  make  the 
toughest  iron. 

A.  B.  Frenzel  of  Denver,  Colo.,  has  offered  prizes 
at  a  number  of  the  schools  of  mines  in  the  United 
States  for  investigations  of  these  ferro-alloys  in  rela- 
tion to  the  matters  mentioned  above,  and  they  would 
seem  to  offer  an  inviting  field  for  investigation  by  the 
Carnegie  Institution. 


Production  of  Quicksilver  in  1902. 

The  production  of  quicksilver  in  the  United  States 
during  1902,  says  Dr.  J.  Struthers  in  his  report  to 
the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  amounted  to 
34,451  flasks  of  76i  pounds  each,  valued  at  $1,500,412, 
as  compared  with  29,727  flasks,  valued  at  $1,382,305, 
in  1901 — an  increase  in  quantity  of  4724  flasks  and  in 
value  of  $118,107.  California  contributed  the  greater 
part  of  the  output,  amounting  to  29,199  flasks,  as 
compared  with  26,720  flasks  in  1901.  Texas  reported 
5252  flasks,  as  compared  with  2932  flasks  in  1901— 
both  States  thus  showing  an  increase  in  the  produc- 
tion above  that  of  the  preceding  year.  Oregon,  which 
furnished  75  flasks  in  1901,  reported  no  production 
during  1902,  the  quicksilver  mining  operations  in 
that  State  being  limited  to  development  work. 

The  report  contains  a  review,  by  W.  Forstner,  of 
the  progress  in  quicksilver  mining  in  California  dur- 
ing 1902.  As  is  well  known,  California  has  produced 
nearly  the  entire  output  of  quicksilver  in  the  United 
States,  the  quantity  to  be  credited  to  that  State 
since  1850  amounting  to  1,913,258  flasks,  of  which  the 
New  Almaden  mine,  in  Santa  Clara  county,  has  fur- 
nished more  than  50%. 

The  production  of  quicksilver  in  Texas  during  1902, 
valued  at  $228,620,  as  compared  with  a  value  of 
$132,438  in  1901,  shows  a  very  active  development  of 
the  industry.  The  entire  output  for  both  years  was 
produced  by  the  Marfa  &  Mariposa  Mining  Co.,  oper- 
ating at  Terlingua,  Brewster  county. 

The  exports  of  quicksilver  for  1902  amounted  to 
13,247  flasks,  valued  at  $575,099,  as  compared  with 
11,219  flasks,  valued  at  $475,609,  in  1901.  Of  the  ex- 
ports, 8913  flasks,  valued  at  $383,578,  went  out  of 
the  port  of  San  Francisco,  nearly  one-half  going  to 
Hongkong. 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


113 


Ore   Grades   in   the   Witwatersrand. 

As  a  means  of  comparison  in  the  cost  of  operating 
deep  mines,  and  particularly  as  referred  to  the  grade 
of  ores  treated,  the  following  extract  from  South 
African  mines  will  be  of  interest  wherever  deep  min- 
ing for  gold  is  being  carried  on.  It  i3  evident  that 
the  development  of  the  mines  and  economy  of  opera- 
tions are  greatly  hampered  by  a  lack  of  native  Kaffir 
cheap  labor,  to  which  these  mines  were  accustomed 
prior  to  the  war;  and  it  looks  as  though  the  very  deep 
levels  of  the  Rand  would  find  a  condition  as  to  exces- 
sive cost  of  sinking  and  equipment.  Values  found  in 
depth  and  cost  of  operating  will  place  them  on  a 
plane  with  the  low-grade  gold  mines  of  the  United 
States.  These  deep  mines  of  the  Rand  must  not  only 
pay  a  profit  on  the  running  expense,  but  must  also 
realize  the  interest  on  the  large  capital  invested  in 
purchase  of  the  property  and  its  equipment  and  de- 
velopment, and  this  sum  usually  will  exceed  $3,000,- 
000  on  the  very  deep  levels. 

Although  the  conglomerates  of  the  Rand  deposits 
are  noted  for  consistency  of  grade  over  large  areas, 
there  is  an  interesting  localization  of  gold  values  in 
different  areas,  so  that  a  rich  mine  may  have  a  neigh- 
bor of  comparatively  low  grade.  Stores,  forwarding 
agencies,  transport  offices,  the  market — in  a  word, 
the  township,  naturally  focus  at  the  most  profitable 
point  of  a  gold  field,  and  hence  Johannesburg  has 
been  built  on  the  richest  portion  of  the  fields.  A  line 
from  Market  Square,  Johannesburg,  to  the  farthest 
extremity  of  its  outlying  suburb,  Fordsburg,  runs 
parallel  to  reef  of  high  value,  which  is  worked  by 
the  Wemmer,  Ferreira,  Ferreira  Deep,  Worcester, 
Robinson,  Robinson  Deep,  Bonanza,  Crown  Reef  and 
Crown  Deep.  The  outcrop  mines  of  to-day  which 
have  absorbed  smaller  interests,  like  the  Pioneer, 
Tribute  and  Mint  on  this  line,  are  the  richest  on  the 
fields,  and  all  have  a  normal  value  of  over  50s  per 
ton.  The  Deeps  of  this  area  and  the  Deep-Deep  pro- 
ducers are  not  as  rich  on  the  whole  as  the  first  row 
propositions,  and  this  fact  has,  in  a  measure,  led  to 
the  popular  fallacy  that  Main  Reef  series  decreases 
in  value  as  a  greater  depth  is  attained.  It  should  be 
remembered  that  the  Bonanza  itself,  which  often 
yielded  over  £5  per  ton  in  pre-war  outputs,  is  the 
deep  level  of  the  Johannesburg  Pioneer,  and  although 
the  term  deep  level  is  somewhat  of  a  misnomer,  in 
this  case  it  is  farther  from  the  outcrop  than  the  lat- 
ter property,  which  had  a  yield  of  a  little  over  £4. 
The  Ferriera  Deep  is  now  running  about  553,  and  the 
Robinson  Deep  about  42s  or  43s  to  the  ton.  In  talk- 
ing of  ore  grades,  one  must  necessarily  refer  to 
values  exhibited  before  the  war,  and  in  this  context 
it  is  necessary  to  recollect  a  condition  which  has  al- 
ready been  reckoned  as  a  most  important  factor  in 
the  settlement  of  values.  The  use  of  machine  drills 
in  stopes  must  be  carefully  limited  in  Rand  mining  if 
the  best  results  are  to  be  derived  from  them.  In 
pre- war  days  their  use  was  largely  restricted  to  de- 
velopment work — drives,  raises  and  winzes,  and,  in 
some  instances,  to  large  ore  body  stopes.  To-day, 
owing  to  shortage  of  manual  unskilled  labor,  rock 
drills  have  been  universally  substituted  for  native 
hammer  boys  in  mining  both  large  and  small  reefs. 
The  extravagance  of  this  system  is  not  felt  nearly  as 
much  by  propositions  containing  big  ore  bodies  as  it 
is  in  the  mines  of  the  thinner  reef.  In  mining  the 
large  reefs  there  is  ample  play  for  the  explosive  in 
the  drill  hole  without  breaking  any  considerable 
amount  of  country  rock,  but  among  the  thinner  beds 
the  breaking  of  a  large  amount  of  thinner  quartzite 
is  inevitable,  and,  in  consequence,  either  a  deteriora- 
tion of  ore  values  or  an  increased  expenditure  in 
sorting  is  unavoidable.  There  are  two  evils,  and  the 
question  with  the  management  is,  "Which  is  the 
lesser?  "  That  big  low-grade  proposition,  the  Sim- 
mer and  Jack  Proprietary,  which  had  an  average  of 
yield  of  34s  8d  from  some  1,700,000  tons,  is  now  going 
about  2s  per  ton  less,  and  it  is  noticeable  that  only 
about  50%  of  the  waste  sorted  out  in  pre-war  days  is 
now  eliminated.  This  is  a  property  carrying  large 
reefs,  and  a  drop  of  a  little  over  6%  in  rejection  is 
evidenced.  Turn  now  to  the  Central  Rand  and  the 
figures  quoted  below  for  high-grade  properties  car- 
rying thinner  reefs  speak  for  themselves: 

May,  1903.  January,  1899. 

Percentage  Value  Percentage  Value 

Mine.           of  Waste  Per  Ton      of  Waste  Per  Ton 

Rejected.  Milled.  Rejected.  Milled. 

Bonanza 10.60  69.72s            28.16  104.45s 

Ferreira......    22  58  53  16s            34.58  92  97s 

Robinson 17.02  59. 79a             71 60s 

The  policy  of  the  Ferreira  and  Bonanza  is,  then,  to 
sort  out  less  waste,  while  the  Robinson  rejects 
17.02%,  as  against  no  elimination  in  1899.  Percent- 
age depreciation  of  values  in  these  mines  is  as  follows: 

Bonanza 332 

Ferreira 42.8 

Robinson 10.3 

Many  more  instances  of  this  kind  may  be  cited,  but 
the  above  are  indicative  of  the  depreciation  resulting 
from  machine  drills  mining  small  reefs  of  high  value. 
Holes  put  down  by  manual  labor  are  not  so  "  strong" 


and  do  not  tear  as  much    ground  as  those  made  by 
machine. 

These  figures  seem  to  disagree  with  the  statement 
of  Mr.  Weldon,  the  Government  mining  engineer, 
contained  in  the  Chamber  of  Mines'  Report  for  1902. 
"At  the  producing  mines,"  says  Mr.  Weldon,  "the 
percentage  of  waste  rock  sorted  out  on  surface  be- 
fore milling  averaged  19.012%,  as  against  21.95%  for 
sixty-six  mines  in  the  year  1898.  The  percentage  of 
rock  sorted  out  at  the  separate  mines  varied  from 
6.669%  to  34  78%.  Pennyweights  of  fine  gold  per  ton 
crushed,  9.599  (August,  1899);  10.010  (June,  1902." 
This  points  to  an  average  rise  in  gold  values  on  the 
Rand;  but  it  should  be  remembered  that  the  1902  fig- 
ures refer  to  forty-five  mines  only,  and  all  these  are 
naturally  high-grade  propositions.  Batteries  of  the 
lower  grade  mines  are  at  present  dormant,  since  the 
returns  from  these  would  not  justify  their  crushing 
under  present  conditions.  For  May  of  the  present 
year  the  average  yield  of  forty-seven  Witwatersrand 
mines  was  40.433.  Low-grade  mines  like  the  Violet, 
Balmoral,  Bantjes,  North  Randfontein,  Kimberley- 
Roodeport,  Roodeport  West  and  Grey's  Mynpacht, 
all  of  which  have  had  average  yields  of  under  25s.  per 
ton,  are  not  included  in  the  list,  and  it  is  due  to  this 
non-inclusion  of  properties  which  reduce  the  Rand 
yield  aggregate  that  the  grade  returns  of  mines  pro- 
ducing to-day  are  higher  than  in  the  ante-bellum  re- 
turns. Only  one — the  Vogelstruis  Estates — of  the 
thirteen  companies  with  an  ore  grade  of  under  25s 
that  have  produced  gold  on  the  Rand  figured  in  the 
list.  Of  companies  with  a  yield  of  under  30s,  25%  are 
included,  66%  of  mines  with  a  grade  under  35s,  36.3% 
of  properties  with  a  grade  under  40s,  88.8%  of  mines 
with  a  yield  over  45s,  and  100%  of  the  propositions 
with  a  yield  over  50s. 

As  an  approximation  it  may  be  stated  that,  rich  or 
poor,  auriferous  areas  may  almost  be  grouped  ac- 
cording to  the  bounding  limits  of  the  different  farms. 
Take  Turffontein,  for  instance.  It  is  here  that  the 
wealth  of  the  Witwatersrand  conglomerates  seems  to 
be  concentrated.  Turffontein  No.  198,  on  the  western 
and  central  portions,  is  the  richest  area  in  the  fields. 
From  the  Wemmer  to  the  Bonanza — in  reality  a  semi- 
deep  level — the  average  ore  grade  of  five  outcrop 
properties  during  May,  1903,  was  57.15s  ;  the  grade 
of  the  deep-level  proposition  of  this  area,  the  Fer- 
reira Deep,  was  55.27s,  and  of  the  third  row  mine, 
the  Robinson  Deep,  41.83s.  On  the  eastern  portion, 
the  Salisbury,  Jubilee  and  City  and  Suburban — which 
is  also  in  Doornfontein — had  a  yield  of  39.45s,  and  the 
semi-deep  proposition,  the  Village  Main  Reef,  goes 
42.53s.  The  Deep-Deep  representative  has  not  yet 
reached  the  producing  stage,  but  the  strike  in  the 
Village  Deep  shaft  seems  to  indicate  a  good  grade 
future  for  the  proposition.  South  of  the  properties 
enumerated  above  are  large  blocks  of  ground  vested 
in  the  South  Village  Deep,  Turf  Mines,  etc.,  not  yet 
opened  up  by  shafts.  Going  east  from  the  City  and 
Suburban,  the  next  property  is  the  Meyer  &  Charl- 
ton, on  the  farm  Doornfontein,  the  ore  grade  of  which 
is  placed  at  37. 54s  in  the  May  analysis  sheet.  During 
January,  1899,  the  Wolhuter  Gold  Mines,  adjoining 
the  Meyer  and  Charlton,  made  a  crushing  of  close  on 
34s  to  the  ton,  while  the  adjoining  group  of  mines  on 
Doornfontein,  viz.,  New  Goch,  Henry  Nourse  and  New 
Heriot,  of  the  outcrops,  had  a  yield  of  39.28s  per  ton 
during  May.  Returns  from  the  Jumpers  are  not  in- 
dicative of  the  value  of  the  mine  under  present  condi- 
tions, and  it  should  be  remembered  that  some  very 
high  returns  have  been  made  from  this  property. 
The  New  Heriot  is  at  present  working  under  very 
bad  conditions,  and  a  return  of  just  over  25s  during 
May,  1903,  contrasts  very  poorly  with  46.41s  in  Janu- 
ary, 1899.  The  producing  Deeps  of  this  zone  give  an 
average  value  of  33  47s  per  ton.  Doornfontein,  as  a 
whole,  does  not  contain  as  high  values  as  Turffontein, 
and  may  almost  be  said  to  correspond  to  Langlaagte 
on  the  western  portion  of  the  Central  Rand.  Elands- 
fontein  is  of  about  the  Rand  average  grade,  42s  per 
ton  on  the  western  portion,  but  the  central  and  east- 
ean  parts  are  of  fairly  low  value.  Driefontein,  the 
adjoining  farm,  shows  a  tendency  to  better  values  in 
the  eastern  portion,  containing  high  value  properties 
like  the  Angelo  and  Ginsberg,  but  alsolpoorer  propo- 
sitions, an  example  of  which  is  afforded  by  the  Bal- 
moral. Farther  east  are  Vogelfontein,  Rietfontein 
and  Modderfontein,  on  which  farms  not  so  many  prop- 
erties have  been  brought  to  the  producing  stage,  but 
the  grades  of  one  or  two  propositions  in  this  area 
may  be  cited  as  indicative  of  the  values  of  this  zone. 
For  the  first  two  months  of  1899  the  New  Kleinfon- 
tein  recorded  an  average  grade  of  30.9s,  while  the 
New  Modderfontein  yield  in  February,  1899,  was  at 
the  rate  of  39.14s  per  ton.  Farther  northeast,  on 
Vlakfontein,  the  Van  Ryn  is  situated,  which  recorded 
a  yield  of  28.05s  in  February,  1899,  and  has  recently 
resumed  crushing. 

From  the  farm  Langlaagte,  adjoining  Turffontein 
on  the  western  boundary,  in  a  westerly  direction,  the 
Crown  Reef  is  the  first  mine  encountered,  and  during 
last  May  its  average  yield  was  49.3s  per  ton,  while 
the  Crown  Deep's  was  32.09s,  Langlaagte  Estate's 
32.87s  and  Langlaagte  Deep's  29.72s.  And  now  comes 
the  poorest  part  of  the  Rand.  Through  the  western 
portion  of  Langlaagte,  Paardekraal  and  Vogelstruis- 
fontein  the  reef  series  continues  perseveringly,  but 
it  is  by  no  means  as  rich  as  it  is  on  the  eastern  por- 
tion or  on  Roodeport,  where  there  is  a  valuable  zone 
containing  propositions  like   the   Durban-Roodeport 


and  Roodeport  United  Main,  with  yields  approximat- 
ing 45s  to  the  ton  during  last  month.  Witpoortje,  the 
next  farm  on  the  west,  is  again,  a  low  value  farm, 
chiefly  on  account  of  the  broken  character  of  the 
ground  and  the  difficulty  in  obtaining  "unadulterated 
reef."  Luipaardslei,  with  the  Lancaster  and  Lan- 
caster West,  is  of  more  normal  value,  and  Randfon- 
tein's  milling  grade  may  be  adjudged  from  the  follow- 
ing figures  for  February,  1899:  Porges  Randfontein, 
38.25s;  Robinson  Randfontein,  35  67s;  South  Rand- 
fontein, 51.36s.  It  is  worthy  of  note  that  these  three 
properties  eliminated  no  waste.  To  approximate  the 
milling  grades  of  propositions  as  yet  only  proved  by 
boreholes  to  be  auriferous,  is  too  much  like  bui  ding 
castles  in  the  air.  The  following  table  shows  the  ore 
grades  of  properties  producing  during  May  as  com- 
pared with  January,  1899: 

EASTERN  RAND. 

(a)  Farm  Driefontein—    May,  1902.  January,  1899 

Waste  Waste 

Rejected.  Ore  Rejected.  Ore 

Per  Cent  Grade.  Per  Cent  Grade. 
Outcrops — 

Angelo 25.5  f9.53  18.6  54.4 

Driefontein 21.8  45.0  16.4  40.3 

Ginsberg 11.8  51.3  15.8  41.9 

Witwatersrand..  ..27.6  42.7  25.0  2B.5 

Glencalrn 21.6  27.9  18.1  27  0 

MayConeolidated..l2.4  39.1  19.2  45.6 
Deep  Levels — 

Wit  Deep 11.9  33.7  ....  .... 

Glen  Deep 31.7  29  8  45.5 

(b)  Farm  Elandsfonteln— 
Outcrops — 

New  Primrose 60  32.5  12.0  32  4 

Simmer  &  Jack....  8.8  32.6  19  0  34.7 

GeldenhusM.  Reef.  5.8  23.2  19  5 

Geldenhuls  Estate.  17. 9  31.7  26.5  48.1 
Deep  Levels — 

Rose  Deep 31.03  19.3  43  3 

Geldenhuls  Deep...   7.7  35.9  18.1  40.4 

CENTRAL  RAND. 

(c)  Farm  Doornfontein — 
Outcrops — 

Treasury 11.0  40.61  23.2  41.0 

Jumpers 13  97*  41.3  39.6 

NewHeriot 14.9  25.0  30.8  46  4 

Henry  Nourse 15.4  51.1  18.8  52.9 

New  Goch 15.3  41.6  14  3  25.4 

Meyer  &  Charlton.  14. 9  37.5  13.8  34.0 

tCity&  Suburban.  ..14.3  45.4  17.0  51.0 
Deep  Levels — 

Jumpers  Deep 28.8  30.1  42.7 

Nourse  Deep 14.7  38.0  20.2  45.9 

(d)  Farm  Turffontein— 
Outcrops — 

Jubilee 17.3  34.4  21.8  38.4 

Salisbury 30.5  38.4  24.1  33.8 

Wemmer 20.2  48.8  18.6  67.4 

Ferreira 22.5  53.1  34.5  92.9 

Worcester 40.8  54.21  35.4  43.8 

Robinson 17.02  59.7  ....  71.5 

Semi-Deeps — 

Village  Main  Reef.    ...  42.5  28.6  67.6 

Bonanza 10.5  69.7  28.1  104.4 

Deep  Level — 

Ferreira  Deep 12.7  55.2  

Deep-Deep  Level — 

Robinson  Deep.... 22.0  41.8  34.1  59.5 

(e)  Farm  Langlaagte— 

Outcrops- 
Crown  Reef 14.6  49.3  13  3  40.9 

Langlaagte  Estate. 21.0  32.8  30.8 

Deep  Levels- 
Crown  Deep 32.0  19.0  43.4 

Langlaagte  Deep 29.7  .... 

WESTERN  RAND 

(f)  Farm  Paardekraal— 

(g)  Farm  Vogelstruisfontein — 

Outcrop — 

Vogelstruis  Estate. 24. 8  38.2  

(h)  Farm  Roodepoort — 

Outcrops — 
Roodep'tU.M.R  ..20.4  44.33  22.0  54.2 

Durban-Roodep't..  8.7  47.2  16.5  4^.7 

Semi-Deep — 
R'dep'rtCen.  D'p..29.6  47.8  ....  „.. 

Deep  Level — 

Durban-R'p't  D'p.15.4  42.7  46.7  45.5 

(i)  Farm  Witpoortje— 

Outcrop — 
French  Rand 18.4  35.6  27.0  40.9 

(j)  Farm  Lulpaardsvlei— 

Outcrops — 

Lancaster  West. .  .16.4  33.9  ....  

WestRandCen'1...11.0  31.4  20.0  24.4 

*From  surface  dumps.    tAIso  on  Turffontein. 

Besides  this  variation  in  ore  values  along  the  strike 
of  the  Rand  there  is  a  fluctuation  of  grades  along  the 
dip,  that  is  to  say,  in  the  different  reefs.  The  S  .uth 
Reef  becomes  of  less  value  as  it  is  followed  in  an  east- 
erly direction  from  Johannesburg  until  on  Dreifontein 
it  is  hardly  mined  at  all.  What  the  main  Reef 
Leader  lacks  in  size,  as  compared  with  the  Main  Reef 
itself,  it  more  than  makes  up  in  richness  on  the  Cen- 
tral Rand.  In  some  properties  the  different  banket 
beds  are  so  complicated  that  it  is  extremely  hard  to 
distinguish  between  them,  but  there  is  certainly  a 
localization  of  values  along  the  dip  analogous  to  the 
fluctuating  tendency  in  different  zones  noted  along 
the  strike.    The  horizon  occupied  by  the  different 


114 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22,  1903. 


beds  may  be  regarded  as  a  negligible  factor  in  deal- 
ing with  the  question  of  ore  values,  which  vary 
directly  as  the  conditions  of  chemical  composition 
favorable  to  auriferous  decomposition  are  localized. 
Similarly  the  Band,  although  seemingly  uniform  in 
mineralization  from  far  east  to  far  west,  varies  in  the 
chemical  composition  of  its  constituents  in  different 
areas.  It  is  for  this  reason  that  localization  of  ore 
values  is  evident,  and  it  accounts  for  the  presence  of  a 
poor  tract  of  land  between  the  rich  farms  of  Turffon- 
tein  and  Eoodepoort,  and  for  the  fact  that  rich  South 
Reef  may  overlie  a  poor  Main  Reef  Leader  or  Main 
Eeef. 

Some  Experiences  of  a  Working 
niner. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Pbess. 

I  have  on  several  occasions  in  the  past  given  your 
readers  the  benefit  of  some  of  my  experiences,  gained 
in  traveling  around  among  the  mines.  Some  of  these 
experiences  have  been  instructive,  some  amusing, 
but  the  most  of  them  have  been  of  a  sort  teaching 
how  things  should  not  be  done.  If  mining  experience 
were  all  of  one  sort  interest  would  fag,  and  there 
would  probably  be  less  incentive  to  find  new  and 
better  ways  of  doing  things,  but  there  are  all  sorts 
of  people  mining  nowadays,  as  it  is  a  business  of 
which  one  can  acquire  a  complete  knowledge  in  a 
very  short  time — at  least  so  some  of  those  engaged 
in  mining  have  told  me,  and  so,  evidently  others 
believe. 

Not  long  since  I  heard  a  man  say  to  another, 
"John,  do  you  know  I  believe  I  will  go  into  mining. 
There  is  more  money  in  that  than  anything  else  I 
know  of,  unless  it  is  a  government  contract  —  but 
seriously,  they  tell  me  all  you  have  to  do  is  to  go  into 
the  hills,  hunt  for  a  vein  of  quartz,  and  that  has  the 
gold.  You  take  this  quartz — a  kind  of  hard,  white 
rock,  you  know — pound  it  up  in  an  iron  pot,  and  then 
wash  it  in  the  water,  and  there's  your  gold.  Then 
all  you  need  is  a  mill  and  you're  fixed.  I  am  going 
into  mining,  for  I  think  I'll  like  it." 

Now,  this  fellow  was  serious  in  what  he  said,  and 
any  one  who  knows  anything  about  a  mine  can  readily 
imagine  the  sort  of  miner  he  would  make  at  the 
start.  And  yet,  he  might  be  lucky  and  strike  it. 
A  few  years  ago  several  farmers'  boys  located  a  lot 

of  claims  at  R T and  shipped  away  to  the 

smelters  a  quantity  of  flint,  rich  in  gold,  they  picked 
up  on  the  surface  of  the  ground  or  dug  up  near  the 
surface.  Trained  prospectors  and  mining  engineers 
had  walked  over  the  ground  many  a  time_but  had 
not  deigned  to  notice  this  ordinary  rock 
battle  is  in  luck,  anyhow. 


Half  the 
At  least,  so  it  often  seems. 


A  retired  shoe  merchant  was  a  large  holder  of 
stock  in  a  new  mining  enterprise.  He  had  some 
slight  knowledge  of  machinery  and  was  selected  by 
his  associates  for  manager  of  the  mine.  These  men 
were  all  Eastern  people.  The  new  manager  came 
West,  and  in  discussing  the  construction  of  a  mill  had 
an  opportunity  to  show  his  knowledge  of  mechanics. 
The  engineer  suggested  that  it  would  be  advisable  to 
have  a  separate  engine  or  wheel  for  the  concen- 
trators to  insure  steady  and  independent  running. 
"Why,  certainly,"  said  Mr.  Manager.  "Why,  cer- 
tainly— just  what  I  was  about  to  suggest,  and  I 
think  it  would  be  an  excellent  idea  to  provide  a  sepa- 
rate engine  for  the  feeders,  too.  We  have  plenty  of 
money  and  intend  to  build  this  thing  right."  The 
engineer  was  convulsed,  and  scarcely  knew  how  to 
put  the  manager  straight  without  offending  his  dig- 
nity. 

* 
#    * 

An  ambitious  young  superintendent  at  the  C 

H mine,  who  had  abundance  of  confidence  and 

conceit,  but  a  small  stock  of  experience,  managed 
the  business  under  him  in  a  manner  that  would  call 
for  an  explanation  were  he  dealing  with  mining  men 
instead  of  Eastern  investors  who  knew  nothing  of  the 
actual  practice  of  mining.  One  of  his  "hobbies" 
was  low  tailings,  and  this  was  insisted  on  to  the 
extent  that  he  would  go  through  the  mill,  and  notic- 
ing that  the  concentrating  machines  were  doing 
good  clean  work  would  hastily  change  their  adjust- 
ment so  as  to  carry  in  a  lot  of  sand  with  the  sul- 
phides. This,  of  course,  reduced  his  tailings  to  a 
value  so  low  as  to  attract  complimentary  notice  from 
the  home  office,  but  what  of  the  actual  result  of  so 
foolish  a  policy.  The  concentrates  might  contain 
from  2%  to  5%  sand,  worth  little  or  nothing — in  fact 
the  sand  from  an  economic  standpoint  was  valueless— 
but  by  his  manipulation  instead  of  5%,  20%  sand  was 
carried  into  the  concentrates,  or  15%  of  worthless 
material,  which  was  not  subsequently  separated,  but 
was  sacked,  shipped  and  smelted  with  the  sulphides. 
This  means  that  in  every  carload  of  sulphurets 
shipped  (twenty  tons)  there  was  at  least  three  tons 
of  sand  more  than  there  should  have  been.  This  was 
equivalent  to  an  extra  and  unnecessary  expense  of 
about  $45,  including  sacks,  sacking,  transportation  by 
wagon  and  rail,  reduction  charges,  discounts,  etc., 
which  would  be  a  natural  charge  against  the  seven- 
teen tons  of  (95%  clean)  concentrates,  equal  to  about 


$2.65  per  ton.  As  this  mine  produced  about  300 
tons  of  sulphurets  monthly  the  foolish  manager 
wasted  nearly  $800  per  month.  A  careful  manager 
who  had  the  real  interest  of  his  company  at  heart 
would  have  endeavored  to  reduce  the  tailings  to  as 
low  a  grade  as  consistent  with  economy,  but  such 
machinations  as  that  above  described  are  criminal. 
This  same  fellow  "invented  "  the  scheme  of  shimming 
up  a  heavy  compressor  by  placing  soft  wooden 
wedges  between  the  bed  plates  and  the  concrete 
foundations. 


The  new  manager  at  the  Z mine  at  P was 

a  shrewd  man  who  watched  every  one  about  as 
though  suspicious  that  each  of  the  men  under  him 
might  undertake  to  sieze  the  first  opportunity  to  do 
some  rascally  act.  He  was  suspicious  of  the  foreman 
because  he  found  him  one  morning  diligently  making 
a  comparison  of  the  month's  work  in  the  shaft  with 
that  of  the  previous  month,  when,  according  to  the 
manager's  idea,  the  foreman's  place  was  under- 
ground helping  the  men.  He  also  had  a  suspicion  of 
the  mill  foreman  because  he  found  him  in  the  clean- 
up room  alone  one  morning  weighing  a  lot  of  amal- 
gam he  had  just  finished  cleaning,  and  his  suspicions 
of  the  assayer  were  confirmed  when  he  came  sud- 
denly upon  him  endeavoring  to  cover  up  his  theft  by 
pounding  on  the  corner  of  a  bar  of  gold  bullion,  evi- 
dently endeavoring  to  erase  all  traces  of  where  he  had 
chipped  off  a  piece  of  the  bullion  for  assay.  He  said 
nothing  to  the  assayer,  but  confided  his  suspicions  to 
the  book-keeper,  who  suggested  that  possibly  the 
assayer  intended  to  use  the  little  chip  to  determine 
the  value  of  the  gold  bar.  Gradually  the  new  man- 
ager found  he  had  entered  upon  a  new  world;  his 
past  experience  did  him  little  good.  He  had  it  all  to 
learn  over  again.  He  learned  rapidly  and  in  time 
became  a  really  good  miner  and  manager.  Even  he 
laughs  sometimes  at  the  mistakes  he  once  made,  and 
he  has  a  fellow  feeling  for  others  who,  like  himself, 
suddenly  found  themselves  managers  of  mines  with 
no  knowledge  of  the  business. 


Electrolytic  Generator. 

The  refinement  or  reduction  of  metals  by  electro- 
lytic action  has  caused  a  growing  demand  for  large 
electric  generators  of  low  voltage  but  relatively 
large  output.  The  accompanying  cut  shows  a  gen- 
erator of  a  capacity  of  4000  amperes  at  an  E.  M.  F. 


except  where  they  are  soldered  to  the  risers  of  the 
commutator. 

The  commutators  are  made  up  of  hard  rolled  cop- 
per segments,  soft  mica  being  used  for  insulation,  and 
are  clamped  by  bolts  to  prevent  shifting  of  the  seg- 
ments. The  section  of  the  copper  segments  is  usu- 
ally large,  to  take  care  of  heat  generated  by  the  flow 
of  the  current  and  the  friction  of  the  brushes,  and  at 
the  same  time  allow  for  plenty  of  wear.  The  brush 
bolder  is  of  the  tangent  type,  such  as  used  on  all 
Holtzer-Cabot  platers. 

This  machine  is  usually  separately  excited,  and, 
owing  to  the  special  shape  of  the  pole  shoes,  is  de- 
signed to  be  able  to  deliver  any  load  from  0  to  25% 
overload  without  its  being  necessary  to  change  the 
position  of  the  brushes,  the  diameter  of  commutation 
remaining  practically  fixed  for  these  ranges  of  load. 
It  is  made  by  the  Holtzer-Cabot  Electric  Co.,  Bos- 
ton (Brookline),  Mass. 


The  Determination  of  Lead  in  Ores. 


The  ordinary  fire  assay  of  lead  is  unsatisfactory. 
With  most  ores  the  results  are  about  2%  too  low, 
sayB  J.  C.  Bull  in  the  School  of  Mines  Quarterly. 
With  oxizided  ores  containing  iron,  copper,  antimony 
and  bismuth  the  result  may  be  too  high.  Six  ores 
were  tested  (1)  a  rich  galena,  (2)  a  poorer  galena, 
(3)  a  poor  cerussite  ore,  (4)  a  mixed  galena  and  sphal- 
erite, (5)  a  mixed  galena  and  stibnite,  (6)  a  richer 
cerussite.  The  ores  were  tested  by  (AA)  ordinary 
assaying,  following  Ricketts  &  Miller's  "Notes  on 
Assaying,"  (A)  gravimetrically,  weighing  as  PbS04, 
(B)  gravimetrically,  weighing  as  PbCro04,  (C)  elec- 
trolytically,  weighing  as  Pb02,  (D)  volumetrically, 
by  Alexander's  ammonium  molybdate  method,  (E) 
volumetrically,  by  Koenig's  method,  (F)  volumetric- 
ally,  by  the  oxalate  or  permanganate  method,  (G) 
volumetrically,  by  the  dichromate  method,  (H)  volu- 
metrically, by  the  ferrocyanide  method.  A  summary 
of  the  results  is  as  follows  : 

Method.  1.        2.         3.         i.        6.         6. 

Fire  assay  (AA) 76.0    37.0      9.0    24.7    26.7    37.8 

Lead  sulphate  (A)... 78. 66  37.23  10.75  18.42  27.23  38.52 
Lead  chromate  (B)  ..78.70  37.29  10.76  18.43  27.22  38.49 
Electro,  precip.  (C)..78.73  37.35  10.80  18.58  27.32  38.60 

Alexander's (D) 78.78  37.43  10.82  18.49  27.40  38.62 

Koenig's (E) 78.62  37.39  10.60  18.44  27.25  38.64 

Oxalate(F) 77.57  36.67    9.95  17.60  26.28  37.38 

Dichromate  fer.  (G)..78.75  37.35  10.75  18.46  27.29  38.49 
Dichromate  hypo.  (G)78. 75  37.35  10.78  18.48  27.29  38.59 
Ferrocyanide  (H).... 78. 66  37.30  10.88  18.46  27.22  38.62 

The  conclusions  are  that 
four  volumetric  methods  for 
determining  lead  in  ores 
deserve  attention,  of  which 
it  is  remarked  that  the 
dichromate  method  is  more 
liable  to  be  inaccurate,  unless 
a  great  deal  of  time  is  spent 
in  washing.  Koenig's  method 
gives  good  results  with  ordi- 
-  nary  amounts  of  impurities, 
but  in  some  ores  is  unreliable. 
Alexander's  method  is  quick- 
er than  the  preceding  and  is 
less  affected  by  large  amounts 
of  impurities,  while  the  fer- 
N,  rocyanide  method  is  as  rapid, 
and  not  affected  by  even  ex- 
traornary  amounts  of  im- 
purities, and  is  recommended 
as  best. 


Production  of    Borax  in   1902. 


Electrolytic  Generator. 

of  6  volts.  In  designing  this  machine  the  question  of 
commutating  the  unusual  quantity  of  current  was 
determined  by  the  use  of  a  double  armature  winding 
with  two  commutators  and  a  special  conformation  of 
field.  The  field  ring  is  of  cast  iron.  The  poles — 
eight  in  number — are  of  wrought  iron  and  cast 
welded  into  the  ring. 

The  armature  core  is  relatively  of  large  diameter, 
and  is  built  up  of  thin  discs  of  soft  steel,  painted  on 
either  side  to  break  up  eddy  currents.  It  is  mounted 
upon  a  spider,  the  lamination  being  clamped  in  a  spe- 
cial manner  by  end  plates,  doing  away  with  bolts 
running  lengthwise  through  the  body  of  the  core, 
thus  preventing  local  currents  and  reducing  heat 
losses.  The  spider  is  provided  with  a  threaded  pro- 
jection which  holds  the  commutator  in  such  a  way  as 
to  leave  an  opening  between  the  shaft  and  the  com- 
mutator in  front.  Air  ducts  are  provided  in  the 
core,  and  the  air,  being  drawn  into  the  body  of  the 
core  and  thrown  out  centrifugally  through  the  ducts 
and  winding,  serves  to  keep  the  armature  cool,  not- 
withstanding the  great  quantity  of  current  flowing. 
The  cylindrical  form  of  winding  is  used,  making  the 
armature  resistance  low  and  permitting  of  the  re- 
placing of  a  damaged  coil  without  much  difficulty. 
The  coils  are  of  bar  copper  and  entirely  without  joint 


The  known  deposits  of 
borax  in  the  United  States, 
according  to  the  report  of 
Br.  J.  Struthers  to  the 
United  States  Geological 
Survey,  are  in  California, 
Nevada  and  Oregon,  and  the 
chief  producer  of  borax  and  boric  acid  in  this  coun- 
try is  the  Pacific  Coast  Borax  Co.,  which  owns  the 
mines  near  Daggett,  San  Bernardino  county,  Cal., 
where  the  colemanite  (calcium  borate)  is  bedded  in 
deposits  from  5  to  30  feet  thick.  This  company  ac- 
quired much  additional  property  during  1902  in  the 
Death  Valley  region. 

It  has  not  been  practicable  to  separate  the 
total  output  of  borax  salts  during  1902  into  the 
crude  and  the  refined  product.  The  reported  re- 
turns, however,  give  an  aggregate  production  of 
refined  borax  and  boric  acid  amounting  to  17,202 
short  tons,  valued  at  $2,434,999,  of  which  862  short 
tons,  valued  at  $155,000,  were  stated  to  be  boric 
acid.  The  production  during  1901  was  17,887  short 
tons  of  crude  borax,  valued  at  $314,811,  and  5344 
short  tons  of  refined  borax,  valued  at  $697,307,  a 
total  value  of  $1,012,118. 

The  largest  refinery  in  the  country  is  at  Bayonne, 
N.  J.,  to  which  the  pulverized  colemanite  is  shipped 
in  sacks  from  California. 

The  borax  deposits  of  California  have  been  de- 
scribed by  M.  R.  Campbell  in  Bulletin  No.  200  of  the 
United  States  Geological  Survey  (1902)  and  by  G.  E. 
Bailey  in  Bulletin  No.  24  of  the  California  State  Min- 
ing Bureau  (1902). 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


115 


Notes  on  the  Hetallurgy  of  Copper 
of  riontana.* 


NUMBER  IV. 


EXAMPLES  OF  MONTANA  BLAST  FDRNACE  SMELTING. 


Wrltton  by  H.  O.  Hofman. 

The  moist  concentrates  arriving  from  the  ore- 
dressing  plant  on  an  overhead  track  are  dumped  into 
the  two  feed  hoppers  of  a  furnace.  These  are  10  feet 
apart  and  are  4  feet  G  inches  in  diameter  for  9  feet 
6  inches  and  then  conical  for  7  feet  (i  inches.  At  the 
bottom  they  are  3  feet  6  inches  by  1  foot  2  inches,  to 
fit  the  openings  in  the  roofs  of  the  furnaces.  The 
top  of  the  hopper  has  a  grating  to  break  up  any 
lumps  and  to  keep  out  large  pieces  that  may  have 
accidentally  gotten  into  the  ore.  The  hopper  holds 
two  cars  of  concentrates,  or  33  tons.  This  weight, 
pressing  downward,  prevents  any  hanging  of  the 
charge  and  thus  solves  the  difficulty  of  feeding  moist 
fine  concentrates.  The  contents  of  the  hopper  are 
continuously  discharged  into  the  furnace  by  means  of 
a  feeding  device  of  the  form  of  an  I,  which  passes  to 
and  fro  under  the  mouth  with  a  throw  of  about  10 
inches.  The  rods  of  the  two  feeders  are  pined  by  a 
crosspiece  which  is  pivoted  in  the  center  and  con- 
nected by  a  rod  to  one  end  of  a  link,  while  the  other 
end  is  attached  to  the  pitman  of  a  crank  and  spur 
wheel.  The  spur  wheel  is  geared  to  the  central 
shaft  of  the  furnace.  The  ore  is  spread  on  the  top 
hearth  to  the  thickness  of  3  inches  by  the  stirring 
arms.  The  tops  of  these  arms  are  protected  by  cast 
iron  caps  against  rapid  wear  at  the  places  where 
they  strike  the  ore  column  coming  down  through  the 
feed  openings.  The  outer  half  hearth  is  9  inches 
thick,  the  inner  6  inches.  The  reasons  for  the  differ- 
ence are  saving  of  brick,  reducing  of  weight  at  cen- 
ter, preventing  contact  with  stirring  teeth  when  the 
hearth  rises  upon  heating,  and  furnishing  an  offset  to 
hold  the  loose  working  bottom  (crushed  limestone, 
sometimes  flue  dust  and  even  coke  dust),  which  is 
about  4  inches  thick  at  the  center  and  9  inches  at  the 
periphery.  The  two  arms  of  a  hearth  have  seven 
and  eight  cast  iron  teeth.  These  are  8  inches  long 
by  6  inches  wide  by  f  inch  thick.  The  lower  3  inches 
of  the  teeth,  which  come  in  contact  with  the  ore,  are 
chilled.  There  is  no  advantage  in  making  the  teeth 
thicker  than  f  inch,  as  they  wear  off  obliquely  to  the 
working  surface  and  consequently  would  simply  offer 
a  larger  wearing  surface  but  not  lengthen  the  life. 
At  the  same  rate  that  the  teeth  are  worn  off  the  ore 
builds  on  the  loose  working  hearth.  When  they  are 
to  be  renewed  they  are  removed  and  a  plow  is  slipped 
over  the  stirrer  arm  and  moved  a  little  toward  the 
center  after  every  circuit  of  the  arm.  Thus  a  crust 
is  easily  and  surely  broken  up.  The  crusts  on  the 
second  hearth  are  harder  to  break  than  those  of  the 
other  hearths.  The  teeth  on  the  top  hearth  last 
twenty-five  to  thirty-four  days  ;  those  on  the  sixth 
six  to  eight  months.  The  shorter  life  of  the  former 
is  attributed  to  mechanical  wear  caused  by  decrepi- 
tation of  the  ore.  It  cannot  be  due  to  chemical 
action,  as  the  top  hearth  serves  mainly  for  drying, 
unless  the  moisture  should  cause  some  sulphuric  acid 
to  form,  but  the  temperature  of  the  escaping  gases 
is  315°  C.  and  the  draught  is  sufficiently  strong  to 
show  a  depression  of  0.3  inch  of  water. 

Roasting  begins  on  the  second  or  third  hearth, 
varying  with  the  strength  of  the  draft  and  the  num- 
ber of  circuits  that  the  stirring  arms  make.  With  a 
strong  draught  the  heat  creeps  up;  with  one  circuit 
in  fifty-five  seconds  the  roast  begins  on  the  second 
hearth,  with  one  in  seventy-five  seconds  on  the  third. 
As  the  ore  passes  from  the  first  hearth  through  the 
annular  opening  at  the  center  of  the  roof  of  the  sec- 
ond hearth  (protected  by  a  cast-iron  ring),  it  strikes 
a  distributor  which  prevents  any  of  it  from  passing 
down  the  shaft.  During  normal  work  three  doors  on 
the  bottom  hearth  are  left  open  for  the  admission  of 
air.  If  the  furnace  becomes  too  hot,  the  doors  on 
the  third  floor  are  opened  more  or  less  and  thus  the 
draught  checked.  While  the  ore  drops  from  hearth 
to  hearth,  the  upward  gas  current  carries  with  it 
dust,  and  this  striking  the  roof  adheres  to  it  in  part 
and  builds.  In  order  to  protect  the  arms  from  being 
worn  out  at  these  places,  they  are  protected  by  cast- 
iron  caps.  When  the  dust  has  grown  to  a  thickness 
of  4  inches  it  is  removed  with  chisel-pointed  bars. 
Experiments  to  protect  the  roof  at  weak  spots  wiih 
cast-iron  plates  has  proved  successful,  as  the  dust  is 
easily  pried  off.  The  chunks  of  fritted  dust  go  to  the 
blast  furnace  as  welcome  lump-ore;  they  contain  only 
6%  of  silica  with  ore  of  30%  silica,  thus  showing  that 
light  particles  of  ferric  oxide  are  more  easily  carried 
away  by  the  gas  currents  than  heavy  gangue.  The 
dust  collected  in  the  settling  chambers  run  higher  in 
sulphur  than  the  roasted  ore. 

In  starting  a  furnace,  crushed  limestone  is  fed  to 
form  the  working  bottom.  Then  a  small  fire  of  dry, 
soft,  i.  e.,  long-flame,  wood  is  started  from  the  three 
side  doors  of  the  third  and  fifth  hearths.  A  new  fur- 
nace is  brought  to  a  dark  red  in  three  to  four  days, 
an  old  furnace  requires  only  two  days.  Now,  con- 
centrates are  fed.  After  charging  for  five  to  six 
hours,  it  sometimes  happens  that  the  furnace  cools 
down  too  much,  and  this  makes  it  necessary  to  start 
on  the  third  and  fifth  floors  a  new  fire  for  one  and 
one-half  to  two  hours;    occasionally,   feeding  of  the 

•Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mln.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


FUHNACE. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

E. 

F. 

Horizontal  section  at  tuyeres 

Mln.  x  113  In. 

42  In.  X   1IJ   iri 

3j.ee  feet. 

7  feet  3*  inches 

16  Inches. 

9  feet. 

12  in  lnflft  4  in. 

B  Inches. 

Fixed 

8  feet  x  5*  feet 

x  3  feet. 

16 

3  and  3%  inches. 

8.6 

■6t 

57,(00 

150 
3.3000 
•  25 
3  82 
20.11 
13 
51-2 

64  In.  i  96  In. 

44  In.  x  US  In 

29. as  reet. 

9  feet. 

9  inches. 

8  feet. 

7  Inches  In  5  It. 

1  <5  Inches. 

Fixed. 

12  feet  dlaru  ,  52 

Inches  deep. 

12 

2Vi  inobes. 

2.01 

24 

68.574 

15 
2,400 
165 
5.56 
21.8 
12.3 
4+2 
5.1 
46 

72  In.  X  160  In. 

56  lo  x  ISO  In. 

-J  i  99  feet. 

is  feet 

11  inches. 

14  feet  10  Inches. 

8  Inches  In  7  ft 

27  inches 

Fixed. 

14  feet  dlam.,  56 

Inches  deep. 

32 

3  Inches. 

3.23 

35 

65.000 

15 
2.150 
400 
5.71 
9  to  15 
6.1 
3x2  11-16 

53  In.  x  160  In 

42  In.  x  160  in. 

46.629  feet. 

10  feet  6  Inches. 

9  inches 

10  feet  6  Inches 

1  Inch  in  in  in 

9  to  14  Inches. 

Fixed 

7  ft.  3  In.  x  10  ft. 

6  in  X4  ft. 

18 

4  inches. 

4  BE 
30  to  32 

72  In.  x  180  in. 

56  In  x  180  in. 

70.29  feet. 

18  feet. 

11  inches. 

14  feet  10  Inch's 

8  inches  In  7  It. 

27  inches. 

Fixed. 

14  feet  dlam.,  66 

inches  deep. 

32 

3^  inches. 

3.79 

28 

7iln.  x  180  In. 
36  In.  x  180  In. 

Height,  tuyeres  to  top  of  oruclble. 

11  Inches. 
14  feet  10  Inches. 
18  Inches  In  7  ft. 

Forehearth,  fixed  or  movable 

Forehearth,  shell  dimensions 

Fixed. 

14  feet  dlam.,  56 

Inches  deep. 

38 

3'4  Inches. 

3.79 

28 

Ulasr,  temperature,  degrees  C 
Charge  (oro-J-flux),  weight,  pounds 
Charge,  tons  In  twenty-four  hours. 
Charge,  tons  per  sq.  ft.  hearth  area 

60,176  1 

15 
10,000 

450 

6  43 

8.0 

15 

4.000 

220 

4.71 

20.0 

11.5 

4X+3X 

15 
8,700 

400 
5.71 
8.0 
9.2 
3+ 

Men,  number  in  eight-hour  shift!  ■ . 

8.5 

4+ 

50 

49 
1  0 
20 

38 

42 

69 

52 
10 

40.7 
26.2 
19.5 
9.6 
0.25 

47.7 
18.5 
28  2 

44.7 
27.0 
23  0 
9.0 
0.32 
0.30 

48.0 
17.0 
20.0 
6.0 
0.30 

40.0 
23.0 
22.6 
9.8 
0.30 
0.20 

42.8 

Fe(Mn)0 

30.7 

19.5 

Cu    

0.35 
0.43 

0.25 

3.0  to  3.55 

3.3 

*  Square  inch  tuvere  area  :  1  square  foot  hearth  area 

t  Estimated  at  50%  of  the  rated  capacity  of  the  blowers. 

t  First  figure  represents  the  regular  crew,  second  tUure  auxiliary  labor. 


?  Lower  jackets  only. 
I  Ore  dux. 


ore  is  stopped  and  half  a  ton  of  coal  is  charged. 
When  this  has  come  to  the  third  hearth,  the  machin- 
ery is  stopped  and  the  coal  is  allowed  to  burn  out. 
The  kindling  of  the  coal  may  have  to  be  assisted  by 
placing  dry  wood  on  the  hearth.  Under  normal  con- 
ditions a  furnace  does  its  best  work  when  the  flue 
shows  a  depression  in  water  of  0.3  inch;  if  it  is  less, 
the  furnace  gets  cool.  The  normal  ore  mixture 
passes  through  the  furnace  in  about  one  and  one-half 
hour.  If  the  furnace  gets  too  hot,  more  slimes  are 
fed;  if  too  cold,  coarser  concentrates  are  charged 
and  the  rate  of  feeding  is  reduced.  As  indicated 
above,  the  temperature  is  further  regulated  by  the 
admission  of  air;  closing  the  bottom  doors  drives  up 
the  heat,  opening  them  draws  it  down;  opening  doors 
higher  up  checks  the  draught.  The  rate  of  feed 
when  once  settled  upon  is  usually  not  altered,  and 
the  number  of  circuits  the  arms  make  per  hour  re- 
mains, of  course,  constant. 

The  dust,  which  collects  in  the  flue  connecting 
three  furnaces  and  forms  4%  to  5%  on  the  ore,  is 
raked  out  every  day,  sometimes  part  of  it  is  blown 
into  the  main  flue  of  a  battery,  with  a  hose  under  a 
pressure  of  about  ninety  pounds  per  square  inch. 
Loss  of  weight  in  ore  including  flue  dust  is  about  20%. 

A  furnace  treats,  under  normal  conditions  in 
twenty-four  hours,  forty  tons  sulphide  ore,  with  35% 
sulphur  and  10%  copper,  or  0.042  tons  per  square 
foot  of  hearth  area,  reducing  the  sulphur  to  7%; 
roasted  ore,  with  14%  copper  treated  in  the  same 
manner,  retains  about  10%  of  sulphur.  The  product 
can,  of  course,  be  varied  with  the  speed  of  travel  of 
the  stirring  arms.  Thus,  with  one  circuit  in  seventy- 
five  seconds  it  is  reduced  to  thirty  tons,  with  one  in 
fifty  seconds  it  is  increased  to  fifty  to  fifty- five  tons. 

A  section  of  six  furnaces  is  tended  to  in  an  eight- 
hour  shift  by  one-third  foreman,  one  furnace  man, 
one  helper,  one-sixth  oiler,  one-ninth  repair  man  and 
one  trimmer. 

Some  of  the  leading  facts  of  the  roasting  furnaces 
operated  in  Montana  are  brought  together  in  the 
subjoined  table: 


DETAILS  OF  MONTANA  EOASTINS  FURNACES. 


Hand  reverberator?  fur- 
nace, 69  K  leet  x  16  leet 
hearth 

Allen  -  O'Hara  furnace, 
two  hearths,  94  feet  x  9 
leet 

Bruckner  cylinder,  8  feet 
x  16  feet 

Pearce  single  -  deck  fur- 
nace  

Pearce  double  -  deck  fur- 
nace, 6-foot  hearths  — 

Pearce  double  -  deck  fur- 
nace, 7-foot  hearths 

Keller-Gayjord-Cole  fur- 
nace, two  sets  of  six 
hearths 

Wethey  furnace,  two  sets 
of  four  hearths,  50  feet 
x  5  feet 

Wethey  furnace,  two  sets 
of  four  hearths,  65  feet 
x  10  feet 

Herreshtfl  furnace,  five 
hearths 

MacDougall-  Evans -Kle 
petko  furnace,  six 
hearths 

Pearce  multiple  •  hearth 
furnace,  six  hearths.. 


at£ 

fa 
B 

.2  . 
S" 
e.2 

tag 

^3 
-jo 

a  „ 

SS 

tfl  o 

w 

TJ  <" 
a» 
of* 
Bo 

•8% 

Sta 

< 

u 

|s" 

cfl  *- 

□9 

aS 

o    - 

11 

cjg 
o 
o 

13 

35 

7-8 

1,112 

12 

307 

51 

3.64 

35 

8 

1,692 

77 

145 

18-20 
14 

IK 

37 
32 

9.5 
7-3 

540 
400 

505 

55 

30 

3 

35 

6-7 

1,010 

59 

400 

42 

3 

35 

6-7 

1,218 

69 

182 

50 

IX 

38 

7-10 

2,592 

38 

67 

60 

4 

40 

8 

2,000 

60 

no 

90 

4 

35 

5-6 

2,600 

70 

80 

5-6 

35 

6 

135 

80 

40 

1% 

35 

7 

952 

84 

56 

12 

35 

6-7 

2,947 

38 

28.5 

78 

1  25 


The  following  partial  average  analysis  of  roasted 
ore  represents  two  determinations  from  the  average 
day  and  night  samples,  taken  during  an  experi- 
mental run  of  fifteen  days: 

Si02,  26.9%.     Cu,  18  3%,  of  which  9.9%  was  pres- 


ent as  CuO.  Fe,  30.0%,  of  which  17.9%  was  present 
as  PeO.  S,  9.2%,  of  which  0.81%  was  present  as 
S03. 

The  matte  formed  in  crucible  fusions  contained  65% 
copper.  In  comparing  the  roasted  ore  of  the  Mc- 
Dougall  furnace  with  that  of  the  Bruckner  furnace 
(size,  8  by  16  feet,  one  revolution  in  seven  minutes; 
fifteen-ton  charge  in  twenty-four  hours;  drying,  two 
hours;  burning,  four  hours;  charging,  roasting  and 
discharging,  eighteen  hours)  of  the  same  plant  it  is 
found  that  it  is  reddish  brown  as  against  a  dark 
brown  (more  Fe203  is  formed),  more  porous  (1  cubic 
foot  weighs  eighty-seven  pounds  as  against  100 
pounds)  and  finer  (the  rolling  of  the  ore  in  the 
Bruckner  cylinder  causes  particles  to  form  pellets). 
In  regard  to  flue  dust,  the  MacDougall  furnace 
makes  much  less  than  the  Bruckner  cylinder, 
although  the  amount  is  still  great;  they  compare  as 
1  :  3  to  4. 

Smelting  Ores  in  the  Blast  Furnace. — The  fur- 
naces are  all  of  the  same  general  type;  they  are  ob- 
long and  water  jacketed,  and  have  a  crucible  partly 
external  and  partly  internal,  which  discharges  the 
slag-matte  mixture  continuously  over  a  raised  spout, 
whereby  the  blast  is  trapped.  The  matte  is  settled 
in  a  large  forehearth,  while  the  slag  overflows,  to  be 
granulated  and  removed  by  water,  or  to  be  collected 
in  waste-slag  cars  and  conveyed  electrically  to  the 
dump  and  poured. 

The  tendency  is  to  increase  the  size  of  the  fur- 
naces. The  smallest  distance  between  tuyeres  is  42 
inches,  the  largest  56  inches;  in  one  instance  it  was 
increased  to  72  inches.  This  worked  well  with  coarse 
ore,  but  it  proved  a  failure  with  the  usual  run  of 
ores  which  contain  many  fines.  Thus,  a  screen  an- 
alysis of  an  average  sample  of  blast  furnace  ore  from 
one  important  mine  gave: 

300  pounds  ore  over  2  inches 13 . 3% 

450      "  "    2-1  inch 20.0% 

500      "  "    1-f  inch 22.2% 

1,000      "  "    underfinch 44.5% 

2,250  pounds.  100.0% 

Showing  why  such  a  large  distance  between  tuyeres 
proved  impracticable.  The  greatest  length  of  fur- 
nace at  tuyeres  is  180  inches;  this  seems  to  be  the 
limit  with  the  present  mode  of  construction  of 
jackets.  The  height  of  the  furnaces  increases  with 
the  distances  between  tuyeres  from  7  to  18  feet. 
But  the  charge  in  the  18-foot  furnace  is  kept  4  feet 
or  so  below  the  throat,  so  that  the  actual  working 
height  is  reduced  to  14  feet.  All  furnaces  are  run 
with  a  top  more  or  less  hot.  Temperature  measure- 
ments of  furnace  gases  in  one  instance  showed  315° 
C,  and  a  draught  measurement  gave  a  depression 
0.8  inches  of  water.  The  water  jackets  are  all  made 
of  low-carbon  steel.  They  are  two  high,  reaching  to 
a  short  distance  below  the  feed  door,  the  remaining 
space  being  of  brick.  There  are  usually  two  jackets 
on  a  side  and  one  on  the  ends;  the  lower  tiers  of  side 
jackets  only  have  a  bosh,  the  amount  of  which  is  very 
small,  while  the  upper  tiers  are  vertical,  as  are  gen- 
erally the  end  jackets.  The  gasses  are  always 
drawn  off  above  the  feed  floor.  In  one  instance  the 
top  of  the  furnace  carries  a  Giroux  blast  heater, 
made  by  the  Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Francisco, 
which  raises  the  temperature  of  the  blast  to  150°  C, 
and,  at  the  same  time,  acts  as  a  dust  catcher,  de- 
livering the  saved  dust  back  into  the  blast  furnace. 
The  charge,  in  most  works,  is  introduced  by  hand 
from  the  sides  of  the  furnace;  occasionally  it  is 
fed  from  the  ends.  In  some  instances,  with  large 
furnaces,  putting  through  400  tons  charge  in  twenty- 
four  hours,  mechanical  feeding  has  taken  the  place  of 
hand  feeding.  The  charge  is  brought  by  electric  or 
compressed  air  traction  to  the  side  of  the  furnace  on 
trucks  with  tilting  carriages,  the   doors   are   raised 


116 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22,  1903. 


by  compressed  air,  and  the  charge  slid  in  alternately 
from  one  side  and  the  other.  This  method  seems  to 
be  satisfactory.  At  least,  worked  out  in  one  large 
plant,  it  has  been  introduced  in  another  with  some 
improvements  in  the  construction  of  the  carriage. 
While  it  is  generally  maintained,  and  has  recently 
been  again  emphasized  by  P.  Johnson  in  connection 
with  copper  smelting,  that  the  successful  working  of 
a  blast  furnace  is  much  governed  by  the  care  given 
to  feeding,  it  must  be  admitted  that,  considering  the 
mechanical  feeding  practiced  at  Butte  with  copper 
ores  producing  siliceous  slags  high  in  lime,  and  at 
Pueblo,  Colo.,  Murray,  Utah,  East  Helena,  Mont., 
with  lead  ores,  where  blow  holes  or  uneven  sinking  of 
charges  must  be  absolutely  avoided,  that  hand  feed- 
ing cannot  hold  its  former  monopoly,  but  will  have  to 
yield  to  mechanical  devices. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Modern  Methods   in  Ore  Treatment 
by  Cyanidation.* 

Written  by  Edwin  O.  Watt. 

As  introductory,  it  is  necessary  that  a  brief  outline 
of  the  process  by  which  the  gold  is  won  from  the 
complex  sulpho-telluride  ore  of  the  Kalgurli  mine  be 
given. 

I  will  not  enter  into  discussion  as  to  the  relative 


sulpho-telluride  ores  of  the  Kalgoorlie  field  generally 
constitutes  a  proposition  demanding  the  best  metal- 
lurgical skill  available. 

The  ore  treatment  of  the  Kalgurli  mine  is  briefly 
as  follows  : 

The  ore  from  the  brace  is  tipped  over  grizzlies  to 
two  rock  breakers,  where  it  is  broken  to  a  size  of 
about  2  inches,  and  falls  into  a  bin.  Prpm  this  bin  it 
is,  after  weighing,  elevated  to  the  treatment  plant 
by  an  aerial  tram  574  feet  long,  with  an  elevation  of 
97  feet.  The  dry  ore  is  tipped  into  a  bin  of  300  tons 
capacity  over  six  No.  5  Krupp  ball  mills.  Provision 
is  made  for  drying  the  damp  ore  through  a  dryer; 
but  as  most  of  the  ore  is  already  dry,  it  is  seldom 
necessary  to  use  it.  The  ore  is  fed  automatically  from 
the  bin  to  the  mills,  which  crush,  approximately, 
twenty-five  tons  per  twenty-four  hours  through  a 
screen  of  forty  holes  to  the  lineal  inch.  Prom  the 
mills  the  ore  falls  direct  into  a  distributing  screw 
conveyor  placed  longitudinally  over  a  steel  bin  of  500 
tons  capacity  placed  over  feed  end  of  furnaces. 

From  this  bin  the  ore  is  fed  by  fluted  roll  feeders 
into  nine  Edward's  roasting  furnaces.  These  feeders 
are  worked  from  an  eccentric  which  swings  a  bell 
crank,  to  which  is  attached  four  falls  of  unequal 
length  working  on  a  ratchet  wheel  on  end  of  fluted 
roll.  These  feeders  are  readily  adjustable  to  any  re- 
quired tonnage.  The  ore  falls  into  furnaces  and  is  at 
first  subjected  to  a  temperature  of  about  450°  P,  and, 
after  passing  through  the  roaster,  discharges  at  a 


«*i  .*.  -  -  2   0~ -^ Z' .4  "..  _    jU-  fJ-i  . 


Sttnes 


of  this  gentle  upflow.  The  heavier  particles  fall 
through  this  upcast  of  water  and  discharge  in  a 
steady  flow  from  the  bottom.  The  lighter  particles 
or  slimes  overflow  at  top.  By  increasing  or  decreas- 
ing the  upcast,  a  greater  or  smaller  quantity  of  ore 
is  caused  to  overflow. 

Slime  on  the  Kalgurli  mine  is  taken  to  mean  that 
portion  of  the  pulp  which  passes  through  a  woven 
wire  screen  of  100  holes  to  the  lineal  inch,  and  sand 
that  portion  which  will  not  pass  through  the  same 
screen.  The  pulp  before  separation  consists  of  about 
equal  portions  of  these  products  and  the  gold  values 
of  each  are  nearly  equal.  Each  set  of  classifiers  will 
deal  with  over  fifty  tons  of  ore  per  twenty-four  hours. 
They  are  small  and  light  and  have  no  working  or 
wearing  parts.  They  can  be  made  to  do  almost  any 
needful  classification,  and  they  require  scarcely  any 
attention.  As  designed  and  erected,  they  are  a  sat- 
isfactory classifier  and  are  the  result  of  much  experi- 
mental work.  The  overflow  from  these  classifiers, 
consisting  of  about  five  parts  of  water  to  one  of  slime, 
is  distributed  through  launders  to  five  settlers,  which 
are  made  of  steel  and  measure  at  top  13  feet  by  6  feet 
6  inches,  and  are  7  feet  6  inches  deep.  They  are 
shaped  in  longitudinal  sections,  like  a  W,  and  consist 
of  two  inverted  pyramids  joined  together  near  the  top. 
A  diagram  of  these  is  shown  in  Pigs.  2  and  3.  In  these 
the  slime  is  settled  and  clear  water  overflows  at  end 
and  passes  into  circulation.  The  pulp,  consisting  of 
from  50%  to  60%  of  slime,  is  drawn  continuously  from 
the  two  bottom  taps.  The  necessary  cyanide  solu- 
tion is  here  added,  and  the  whole  flows  into  a  filling 
cone  above  five  combined  pneumatic  agitators  and 
filter  press  pressure  tanks.  Prom  these  pressure 
tanks  the  slime,  after  agitation  by  air,  is  charged 
into  filter  presses,  where  the  auriferous  solution  is 
pressed  out  and  passes  to  zinc  extractor  boxes.  The 
slime,  after  being  washed  by  having  weak  cyanide 
solution  pumped  through  it  to  take  away  any  dissolved 
gold  mechanically  held,  is  dumped. 

The  sand  from  bottom  of  classifiers  passes  over 
amalgamated  copper  plates,  then  over  concentrating 
tables,  where  a  small  portion  of  concentrate  is  taken 
away. 

This  concentrate  consists  of  any  coarse  or  heavy 
particles  and  is  ground  to  slime  in  a  pan  and  passes 
away  with  the  other  slime.  The  sand  passes  up  an 
air  lift  to  sand  leaching  vats,  where  it  is  treated  by 
percolating  cyanide  solutions  for  about  twelve  days. 
The  solutions  on  these  vats  are,  when  not  draining 
off,  constantly  re-circulating  from  bottom  to  top  by 
miniature  air  lifts  attached  to  the  sides  of  the  vats. 


intake 
Launder 


rig.  1. 

merits  of  the  two  sulpho-telluride  ore  treatment  pro- 
cesses at  work  on  the  Kalgoorlie  field,  viz.,  the  treat- 
ment of  the  unroasted  ore  after  sliming  by  solutions 
of  bromo-cyanide,  as  against  the  treatment  of  the 
ore  after  roasting  by  solutions  of  potassium  or  sodium 
cyanide,  either  in  filter  presses  or  percolating  sand 
vats.  Even  if  reliable  costs  and  percentages  of  ex- 
tractions were  obtainable  in  each  case,  it  would  not 
constitute  an  infallible  basis  of  comparison,  as  the 
larger  plants  would  necessarily  have  an  advantage  in 
cost  per  ton  as  against  the  small  plants,  and  the 
other  conditions  obtaining  are  in  many  cases  dis- 
similar. 

In  the  sulpho-telluride  ore  of  the  Kalgurli  mine  less 
than  10%  of  the  gold  is  free,  or  amenable  to  direct 
amalgamation  with  mercury,  and  by  direct  cyanida- 
tion of  the  unroasted  ore  it  does  not  appear  possible 
to  obtain  an  extraction  averaging  much  over  50%  of 
the  gold  contents.    The  successful  treatment  of  the 

*  Trans.  Australian  nst.  Mln.  Engrs.    (Condensed.) 


temperature  of  about  1170°  P.  A  combined  push  con- 
veyor and  cooling  floor,  4  feet  wide  and  170  feet  long, 
conveys  the  ore  from  the  furnaces  to  a  crane  and 
bucket  elevator,  which  discharges  into  a  mixer,  where 
it  is  mixed  with  water  and  flows  to  the  hydraulic 
classfiers  designed  on  the  mine.  A  working  drawing 
of  these  is  here  shown.     (Fig.  1.) 

The  purpose  of  these  hydraulic  classifiers  is  to 
separate  the  sand  and  concentrate  from  the  slime,  so 
that  the  sand,  after  the  removal  of  the  concentrate, 
may  be  treated  by  percolating  solutions  of  cyanide  in 
the  usual  way,  thus  obviating  the  necessity  of  reduc- 
ing to  slime  and  filter-pressing  the  whole  product,  as 
is  usually  done  on  the  Kalgoorlie  field.  The  slime 
eventually  passes  to  the  filter  presses. 

Each  set  of  classifiers  consists  of  three  small  in- 
verted cones,  approximately,  2  feet  6  inches,  3  feet, 
and  3  feet  6  inches  deep.  An  adjustable  upflow  of 
water  is  admitted  at  the  bottom  of  each  cone,  and  the 
whole  pulp  flowing  through  is  subjected  to  the  action 


Fig.  2. 

As  these  vats  are  almost  full  with  sand,  and  the  solu- 
tions cover  the  sand,  it  follows  that  the  solution 
equalizes  in  the  little  lift  pipe;  the  actual  lift  over  the 
side  of  the  vat  does  not  exceed  6  inches.  A  hole  for 
the  admission  of  the  air  at  bottom  of  lift,  TV  of  an 
inch  in  diameter,  will  keep  a  steady  flow  of  solution 
passing  from  top  to  bottom  of  vat.  These  miniature 
lifts  not  only  re-circulate  the  solutions,  but  they 
aerate  them  also,  and  they  have  proved  very  bene- 
ficial. I  would  recommend  the  use  of  these  aerating 
re-circulators  for  cyanidation  by  percolation  wher- 
ever it  is  possible  to  obtain  the  very  small  amount  of 
compressed  air  necessary  to  work  them. 

Air  Lifts. — Air  lifts  are  sometimes  alluded  to  in 
technical  works  as  air  lift  pumps;  but,  while  they  do 
the  work  of  pumps,  they  are  not  pumps,  because 
they  have  no  working  parts,  and,  for  all  practical 
purposes,  no  wearing  parts.  To  J.  W.  Archibald 
belongs  the  credit  of  having  introduced  them  into 
Western  Australia.      Air   lifts  have   been   working 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


117 


under  various  conditions  on  the  Kalgurli  and  Hainault 
mines  for  more  than  a  year. 

At  present  there  are  on  the  Kalgurli  mine,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  miniature  lifts  attached  to  the  sand  vats, 
which  are  very  small  and  inexpensive  to  work,  two 
8-inch  and  one  6-inch  lifts  in  constant  work,  and  on 
the  Hainault  mine  one  6-inch  lift  taking  away  the  pro- 
ducts from  a  10-stamp  battery,  but  now  being  used 
only  when  the  sand  pump  is  under  repair.  Nearly  all 
the  ore  reduction  works  on  the  field  are  using  one  or 
more  of  them. 

Among  metallurgists  and  authorities  on  the  field  it 
is  unanimously  acknowledged  that,  although  they 
possess  many  advantages  over  a  pump,  they  have 
proved  rather  expensive  to  work.  Their  efficiency 
on  the  actual  steam  power  generated  at  the  boilers 
is  small.  For  the  successful  working  of  an  air  lift, 
the  lift  well  should  in  no  case  be  less  than  the  height 
of  lift  above  the  well;  but,  even  when  these  conditions 
obtain,  the  air  lifts  are  seriously  affected  by  the  pres- 
sure and  also  by  the  volume  of  air,  by  the  size  of  the 
air  pipe  and  by  the  terminal  position  at  bottom 
of  lift,  by  the  size  of  the  lift  pipe  and  by  the  cousist- 
ancy  of  the  pulp,  by  the  specific  gravity  of  the  ore 
and  by  the  grade,  i.  e.,  the  fineness  or  coarseness  of 
the  solids. 

The  fact  that  air  lifts  are  influenced  by  so  many 
conditions  does  not  necessarily  prove   that  they  are 


pulp  rises  intermediately  in  a  similar  way.  When  the 
air  pressure  at  the  bottom  of  the  lift  is  high,  and  es- 
pecially when  it  is  confined  in  its  outlet,  it  will  rise 
from  the  point  of  discharge  more  rapidly  than  the 
pulp  can  travel  up  the  column. 

Under  these  circumstances  the  air  cuts  through 
the  ascending  plugs  of  pulp  and  destroys  the  efficiency 
of  the  lift. 

An  8-inch  37-foot  lift,  working  from  a  well  of  equal 
depth  with  a  1-inch  air  pipe  required  an  indicated 
pressure  of  twenty-eight  pounds  per  square  inch  be- 
tween a  retention  valve  at  the  top  of  the  well  and  the 
point  of  discharge  at  the  bottom  ;  but  when  this 
i-inch  air  pipe  was  replaced  by  one  of  2  inches  in  di- 
ameter, the  lift  worked  more  satisfactorily  under  the 
same  conditions  with  an  indicated  pressure  of  only 
eight  pounds  per  square  inch.  These  conditions  were 
confirmed  in  about  the  same  ratio  on  two  other  lifts. 
On  a  6-inch  20-foot  lift,  working  from  a  20-foot  well, 
the  point  of  the  air  pipe  at  the  bottom  of  the  column 
was  subjected  to  a  gradual  filling  up  by  the  precipi- 
tation of  sulphate  of  lime;  but  the  lift  continued  to 
work  until  the  air  pipe  was  almost  closed,  although 
at  such  times  the  pressure  gauge  between  the  reten- 
tion valve  and  the  bottom  of  lift  indicated  the  maxi- 
mum pressure  of  the  air  behind  the  valve,  which  was 
sometimes  50  or  60  pounds  per  square  inch  at  that 
time.     When  this  pipe  was  pulled  up  and  the  accre- 


Pipti  stipplyiitt  up*ard  currtnf 


briquettes  will  be  more  solid  and  at  the  same  time 
cheaper.  From  experiments  said  to  have  been  con- 
ducted on  tugs  the  inventor  claims  it  has  been  clearly 
shown  that  these  briquettes  give  three  times  more 
heat  than  ordinary  coal,  there  being,  in  addition,  the 
advantage  of  no  waste  remaining. 


Tin  in  the  United  States. 


America. 


Fig.  3. — Timber  Stand  for  Six  Series  of  Spiizkasten. 


difficult  to  work,  and  when  properly  installed  no  such 
difficulty  need  be  apprehended  ;  but  it  proves  to  my 
mind  that  it  is  not  easy  to  find  the  best  conditions 
under  which  air  lifts  work  to  the  best  economical  ad- 
vantage. Mr.  Archibald  estimates  the  efficiency  of 
air  lifts  by  the  pressure  required  to  work  them,  and 
says  "that  the  pressure  required  in  pounds  per 
square  inch  was  approximately  half  the  number  of 
feet  to  be  lifted." 

In  these  two  questions  of  detail  I  find  that  my  ex- 
perience does  not  coincide  with  that  of  Mr.  Archibald. 
I  believe  that  the  maximum  pressure  of  air  required 
to  work  an  air  lift  is  always  that  which  will  force  it- 
self through  the  air  pipe  to  the  bottom  of  the  lift 
well,  displacing  the  pulp. 

Given  that  pressure,  it  becomes  then,  not  a  ques- 
tion of  further  pressure  of  air,  but  of  volume  of  air. 
Other  conditions  being  equal,  an  air  lift  attains  its 
greatest  efficiency  when  the  air  pressure  is  just 
enough  to  carry  through  the  pipe  to  the  bo.ttom  of 
the  lift  well.  This  pressure  is  determined,  when  the 
air  pipe  is  large  enough  to  practically  overcome  fric- 
tion, by  the  depth  of  the  well  and  by  the  specific 
gravity  of  the  pulp.  It  may  not  be  possible  to  under- 
stand all  the  conditions  under  which  an  air  lift  works 
to  the  best  advantage,  but  it  seems  to  me  that  an  es- 
sential condition  is  the  lightening  of  the  water  or 
pulp  in  the  lift  column  by  the  introduction  of  air  at 
low  pressure,  thus  allowing  the  equalizing  force  of 
the  outer  liquid  to  exert  an  upward  pressure.  Under 
these  conditions  the  air  rises  gently  through  the 
column  in  the  form  of  large  wads  or  plugs,  and  the 


tion  removed  and  the  pipe  replaced,  the*  lift  worked 
with  greater  economy  with  an  indicated  pressure  of 
only  3}  pounds  per  square  inch.  This  lift  was  work- 
ing on  the  clear  water  overflowing  from  slime  set- 
tlers. The  best  results  were  obtained  when  the  air 
pipe  was  large  enough  to  allow  the  air  passing  the 
retention  valve  to  escape  gently  into  the  lift  column, 
when  the  terminal  of  the  pipe  was  neither  enlarged 
nor  contracted  and  when  it  did  not  rise  above  the 
bottom  of  the  lift  column. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Petroleum  Briquettes. 

A  simple  process  has  bean  devised  at  Coburg,  Ger- 
many, by  Mr.  Maestracci  for  making  petroleum  bri- 
quettes, very  much  resembling  those  made  of  coal. 
The  modus  operandi  is  as  follows:  To  a  liter  of  petro- 
leum are  added  150  grams  of  soft  soap,  150  grams  of 
resin  and  300  grams  of  caustic-soda  lye  wash.  This 
mixture  is  heated  and  well  shaken.  As  soon  as  the 
mass  begins  to  solidify,  which  should  be  in  about  forty 
minutes,  the  progress  of  the  operation  should  be  very 
carefully  watched.  To  prevent  the  mixture  running 
over  a  little  soda  should  be  poured  into  the  vessel, 
shaking  the  whole  until  solidification  is  complete. 
When  the  operation  is  finished  the  matter  is  run  into 
molds  to  be  made  into  briquettes,  which  are  then 
placed  in  a  stove  for  ten  or  fifteen  minutes.  It  then 
only  remains  to  allow  them  to  get  cold,  when  they 
can  be  used  within  an  hour  or  two  of  being  manu- 
factured.    By  the  addition  of  sawdust  and  sand  the 


Written  for  toe  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 
The  impost  of  a  heavy  duty  on  tin  ore  exported 
from  the  Straits  Settlements,  on  the  Malay  penin- 
sula, is  likely  to  have  an  important  bearing  on  the 
development  of  tin  prospects  in  United  States  terri- 
tory. Tin  occurs  in  a  number  of  localities  in  the 
United  States,  the  most  noted  being  those  about  the 
Harney  Peak  region  and  the  Nigger  Hill  section,  in 
South  Dakota,  and  that  in  Riverside  county,  Cal.  In 
the  former  extensive  development  and  installation  of 
heavy  machinery  at  various  places  in  the  Harney 
Peak  region  has  not  as  yet  proven  a  commercial  suc- 
cess, nor  has  it  demonstrated  the  ability  of  those  in- 
terested in  the  industry  at  these  several  places  to 
properly  and  successfully  handle  an  enterprise  the 
character  of  which  is,  to  say  the  least,  novel — in 
At  Nigger  Hill  considerable  development 
has  been  done,  and  it  is  said 
good  prospects  have  been  found, 
but  as  yet  no  tin  has  been  pro- 
duced in  commercial  quantities. 
In  Riverside  county,  Cal.,  the 
Cajalco  mine,  on  the  San  Ja- 
cinto estate,  was  equipped  at 
large  expense,  and  under  the 
extravagant  management  failed 
to  produce  satisfactory  results. 
At  one  time  more  than  120  men 
were  employed,  of  whom  but 
four  were  engaged  in  mining. 
Others  were  constructing  roads, 
working  gardens,  building  num- 
erous houses,  or  putting  in  the 
elaborate  plant.  A  mile  or  so 
distant  from  the  mine  a  large 
force  was  engaged  in  building 
a  dam  across  a  gulch  which  was 
perpetually  dry.  The  vein  was 
small,  but  contained  rich  tin  ore. 
The  extravagances  led  to  the 
closing  of  the  mines,  when  about 
40,000  pounds  of  bar  tin  had 
been  produced,  and  the  ore  was 
exhausted  because  of  insufficient 
development.  This  is,  briefly, 
the  history  of  tin  mining  in  the 
United  States.  At  present 
there  is  said  to  be  tin  ore  in  the 
Santa  Ana  mountains,  near  the 
town  of  Santa  Ana,  Cal.,  and  de- 
velopment is  in  progress.  The 
most  promising  region  for  tin  in 
United  States  territory  is  near 
Port  Clarence,  at  and  near  Cape 
York,  Alaska  —  promising  be- 
cause unproven ;  but  the  stone 
occurs  there,  it  is  stated,  in 
abundance,  though  the  veins 
have  not  yet  been  explored,  if 
found. 

Cape  York*  is  located  about 
half  way  between  Port  Clarence 
and  Cape  Prince  of  Wales.  The 
York  region  extends  westward 
from  the  York  mountains  to  the 
extremity  of  Seward  peninsula, 
an  area  of  about  120  square 
miles.  It  is  a  plateau  about  600  feet  high,  bounded 
on  the  east  by  the  York  mountains,  which  rise 
abruptly  from  the  plateau  level  to  elevations  of  2600 
feet.  Cape  mountain,  a  sharp  pinnacle  of  like  eleva- 
tion, marks  its  western  margin.  A  shelving,  shingle 
beach,  not  more  than  100  to  200  yards  wide,  lies 
between  the  escarpment  of  the  plateau  and  the 
ocean. 

The  larger  part  of  the  plateau  is  made  up  of 
jointed  slates.  To  the  west,  near  Cape  mountain,  is 
a  belt  of  white  limestone.  Cape  mountain  itself  con- 
sists of  granite.  The  placer  miners  of  the  region 
found  cassiterite  in  their  sluice  boxes,  together  with 
garnets,  magnetite,  gold  and  other  heavy  inineorals, 
but  the  cassiterite  was  not  recognized  by  them  until 
they  learned  it  through  reading  a  bulletin  of  the 
United  States  Geological  Survey.  It  is  reported 
that  nearly  all  the  streams  northeast  of  York  for  a 
distance  of  20  miles  carry  tinstone.  Among  them 
are  the  Anikovik  river  and  all  its  tributaries,  Kanau- 
guk  river,  Baituk  creek,  Kinzuk  creek  and  Lagoon 
creek,  flowing  into  Bering  sea,  and  Grouse,  Buck, 
Yankee  and  York  creeks,  flowing  into  the  Arctic 
ocean.  York  river  is  stated  to  be  rich  in  stream 
tin,  some  of  the  gravel  yielding  from  one  ounce  to  one 
pound  of  tin  to  the  pan. 

In  most  mining  regions  of  the  world  where  tin- 
stone is  found  granite  is  an  accompaniment.  This  is 
the  case  in  South  Dakota,  southern  California  and  in 
Cornwall,  England.  In  the  latter  district  cassiter- 
ite is  sometimes  found  in  the   slates  accompanying; 

*  See  illustration  on  front  page. 


13  8 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22,  1903. 


the  granite,  the  tin  replacing  the  feldspar  developed 
in  the  slates  by  contact  metamorphistn.  No  acid 
eruptives  have,  as  far  as  known,  yet  been  found  in 
the  York  region  of  Alaska,  except  the  granite  at 
York  mountain,  though  there  are  large  intrusions  of 
greenstone.  It  is  thought  possible  that  the  tin  may 
be  found  associated  with  these  greenstones,  though, 
should  this  be  found  to  be  the  case,  the  occurrence 
would  be  unusual.  It  is  also  possible  that  the  stream 
tin  may  have  been  brought  into  the  region  at  some 
subsequent  time  on  the  ice.  The  fact  that  there  are 
a  large  number  of  boulders  of  rock  scattered  about 
the  York  region  leads  to  the  belief  that  the  ice  the- 
ory is  one  of  considerable  importance,  and  that  the 
real  source  of  the  mineral  may  be  found  to  be  some 
distance  away. 

Flow  of  Water  Over  the  Yosemite  Falls. 

Numerous  miscellaneous  measurements  are  made 
in  California  each  year  by  the  hydrographic  branch 
of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey  on  the 
streams  that  rise  in  the  Sierra  Nevadas.  Measure- 
ments were  recently  made  by  S.  G.  Bennett,  hydrog- 
rapher,  on  the  tributaries  of  the  upper  Merced  river, 
which  will  be  of  interest  to  many  persons  who  have 
looked  upon  the  waters  of  these  streams  as  they  pour 
over  the  brink  of  the  granite  walls  that  form  the 
boundary  of  the  Yosemite  valley,  and  have  asked 
what  is  the  volume  of  water  flowing  over  the  differ- 
ent falls. 

This  is  a  difficult  question  to  answer,  as  the  amount 
varies  from  season  to  season,  from  day  to  day,  and 
even  from  hour  to  hour,  according  to  the  amount  of 
snow  and  the  state  of  the  weather  on  the  high  moun- 
tains where  these  streams  rise.  These  measure- 
ments, however,  will  answer  this  question  in  a  gen- 
eral way,  as  they  were  made  when  the  streams  were 
at  a  stage  said  by  the  superintendent  of  the  valley  to 
represent  the  normal  flow  for  June. 

On  June  24,  1903,  Yosemite  creek  below  Yosemite 
falls  was  flowing  119  cubic  feet  per  second,  or  53,400 
gallons  per  minute. 

On  June  26,  1903,  Merced  river  below  Nevada  and 
Vernal  falls  was  flowing  853  cubic  feet  per  second, 
or  382,800  gallons  per  minute. 

One  June  26,  1903,  Illilouette  creek  below  Illilou- 
ette  falls  was  flowing  228  cubic  feet  per  second,  or 
102,388  gallons  per  minute. 

On  June  26,  1903,  Tenaya  creek  below  Mirror  lake 
was  flowing  159  cubic  feet  per  second,  or  71,400  gal- 
lons per  minute. 

On  June  26,  1903,  Bridal  Veil  creek  below  Bridal 
Veil  falls  was  flowing  20  cubic  feet  per  second,  or 
9000  gallons  per  minute. 

On  June  26,  1903,  the  total  flow  of  Merced  river 
below  the  mouth  of  Bridal  Veil  creek  was  about  1380 
cubic  feet  per  second,  or  620,000  gallons  per  minute, 
or  nearly  900,000,000  gallons  a  day. 

Electric  Manufacture  of  Ferrosilicon. 

The  manufacture  of  ferrosilicon  can  only  be  carried 
on  with  economy  in  a  large  installation  consisting  of 
powerful  electric  furnaces.  Those  at  the  Livet 
works  are  of  650  H.  P.  each.  The  raw  materials  em- 
ployed are  preferably  quartz,  scrap  iron  and  coke. 
Quartz  is  more  suitable  than  sand,  since  the  latter  is 
often  productive  of  obstructions  in  the  furnace. 
Scrap  iron  and  steel  are  to  be  preferred  to  iron  ore, 
for  the  reason  that,  together  with  a  pure  quartz,  the 
working  proceeds  without  the  formation  of  any 
appreciable  quantity  of  slag.  The  purity  of  the 
product  depends,  therefore,  entirely  upon  the  care 
bestowed  on  the  equipment  of  the  works.  The  fur- 
naces employed  are  of  the  resistance  type,  says  M. 
A.  Keller  in  Transactions  Iron  and  Steel  Institute  of 
London. 

As  the  use  of  high-grade  ferrosilicon  becomes  more 
general  the  demand  for  electro  ferrosilicon  will  prob- 
ably increase;  for  the  cost  of  production  per  unit  of 
silicon  is  lower  the  higher  the  content  of  silicon  in 
the  finished  product.  For  the  manufacture  of  one 
ton  of  10%  to  15%  ferrosilicon  in  the  blast  furnace,  as 
much  as  three  tons  of  coke  are  requisite,  owing  to 
the  hot  working  and  to  the  refractory  nature  of  the 
slags.  The  process  is  thereby  at  once  rendered  too 
costly  to  compete  on  a  large  scale  with  the  electri- 
cally produced  ferrosilicon.  If  the  additional  cost  of 
transport  per  unit  of  silicon  in  the  case  of  alloys  poor 
in  silicon  is  considered,  it,may  be  concluded  that  the 
use  of  rich  silicon  is  likely  to  be  adopted,  if  solely  for 
reasons  of  economy.  The  future  of  the  electric  fur- 
nace as  applied  to  the  metallurgical  preparation  of 
this  alloy  is  therefore  assured  beyond  question,  and, 
for  the  reasons  above  mentioned,  the  development  of 
the  industry  is  likely  to  assume  considerable  propor- 
tions at  no  distant  date. 


Jade  in  China. 


Large  bodies  of  jade  are  found  near  Hsu-Yen  on 
the  river  Ta-Yang  that  empties  into  the  bay  of  Corea. 
Considerable  jade  is  brought  to  that  port  by  carts  in 
large,  rough  blocks,  and  exported  to  other  ports  in 
China.  It  is  found  in  a  variety  of  colors — green, 
white,  brown,  red,  etc.  It  is  extensively  used  for 
tablets,  table  tops,  cups,  bowls,  rings,  bracelets, 
oipes,  cigarette  holders,  carved  figures,  etc.      It  is 

orked  by   a  combination  of  steel  instruments  and 


wet  sand,  the  sand  coming  from  the  province  of 
Shansi.  The  mines  are  not  far  from  the  sea  and  the 
cost  of  getting  this  stone  aboard  ship  would  not  be 
very  great. 

Increasing  Temperatures  With  Depth. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  there  is  an  increase  in 
temperature  as  depth  is  attained  below  the  earth's 
surface.  Various  rates  of  increase  have  been  re- 
ported and  considered  correct  in  the  past.  At  one 
time  it  was  stated  to  be  90  feet  for  each  degree  of  in- 
crease in  temperature.  At  another  time  60  feet  was 
supposed  to  represent  the  average  depth  for  each 
degree  of  increase,  but  observations  taken  in  deep 
mines  in  many  widely  separated  regions  show  this  in- 
crease to  vary  greatly  in  different  regions,  and  in 
different  mines  in  the  same  region.  It  also  depends 
largely  upon  the  temperature  at  the  surface  when 
the  test  is  made.  The  temperature  in  the  lower 
levels  of  a  deep  mine,  no  matter  how  well  ventilated, 
is  nearly  uniform,  while  the  surface  temperature  may 
vary  140°  or  more,  at  different  seasons  of  the  year. 
In  some  mines  there  are  conditions  which  make  cer- 
tain levels  of  the  mine  very  hot,  due  to  chemical 
action,  and  to  boiling  water  and  steam  arising 
through  fissures  which  undoubtedly  extend  to  great 
depth.  The  mines  of  the  Comstock  lode,  Virginia 
City,  Nev.,  is  an  instance  of  this.  It  is  not  always 
the  deepest  shaft  or  level  in  the  mine  that  is  hottest. 
This  must  be  due  to  local  causes,  and  to  some  extent 
to  the  condition  of  ventilation. 

Following  are  the  rates  of  increase  in  some  of  the 
deepest  shafts  in  the  world: 

Feet  Increase 
Depth.  for  1°. 

Calumet  &  Hecla,  Lake  Superior 4,580  223.7 

Rand  Victoria  borehole 2,500  82.0 

Port   Jackson   borehole,    New  South 

Wales 2, 929  80 . 0 

Wheeling  wells,  Virginia 4,462  71.6 

Dolcoath  mine,  Cornwall 2, 124  70 . 0 

Schladebach  borehole,  Prussia 5, 734  65 . 0 

Baruschowitz  borehole,  Upper  SileBia. 6,573  62.1 

Comstock  lode,  Nevada 2,230  33.0 

In  the  case  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  mine,  Red 
Jacket  shaft,  the  temperature  at  depth  of  4920  feet 
was  87.6°  when  the  the  shaft  was  first  sunk,  but  after 
connection  had  been  made  with  distant  shafts  the 
temperature  was  reduced  to  between  70°  and  80°, 
averaging  about  72°F.  In  the  Tamarack  mine,  ad- 
joining the  Calumet  &  Hecla,  the  temperature  is 
about  80°,  but  would  undoubtedly  be  considerably 
higher  if  it  were  not  for  the  large  ventilating  fans 
in  use.  The  Tamarack  shaft  is  4938  feet  deep,  and 
at  present  the  deepest  shaft  in  the  world. 

Following  are  some  temperatures  in  other  Lake 
Superior  mines  and  the  depths  at  which  they  were 
taken : 

Feet  Increase 
Depth.  for  1°. 

Atlantic  mine 907  99  5 

Central  mine 1,950  101.0 

Conglomerate  mine 617  95.0 

Osceola  mine 996  76.5 

Tamarack  mine 2,240  110.7 

Quinsy  mine 1,931  123.0 

The  mean  increase  is  1°  in  100.8  feet.  The  varia- 
tions among  different  mines  are  very  noticeable  and 
are  due,  no  doubt,  in  large  part  to  difference  in  ven- 
tilation. It  is  noted  that  those  nearest  the  shores  of 
Lake  Superior  show  the  lowest  ratio  of  increase,  and 
those  farthest  away  show  the  highest. 

In  "  Gold  Mines  of  the  Band"  Messrs.  Hatch  & 
Chalmers  give  the  following  data  on  deep  mines  in 
various  parts  of  the  world,  showing  temperature 
both  in  the  strata  and  in  the  open  air  : 

m.O  Temperature. 

Country,  Mine  and  Mineral     °  .§    , ■ , 

Worked.  5"f  Strata.     Air. 

r      Deg.F.Deg.F. 

Belgium,  Limon,  coal 3,489       78  

Austria,  Adalbert,  silver-lead 3,279    

Prussia,  Sanson,  silver 2,532    

England,  Rosebridge,  coal 2,442       93  85* 

America,  Comstock  lode,  gold-silver.  1,000     100  87 

America,  Comstock  lode,  gold-silver.  2,000     130         100 
*At  bottom  of  up-cast. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  the  air  temperature  is  from 
8°  to  30°  lower  than  that  of  the  rock  strata  itself. 
The  temperatures  in  the  mines  of  the  Rand  in  South 
Africa,  together  with  other  data  having  a  bearing  on 
the  subject,  is  given  by  "  South  African  Mines  "  as 
follows  : 
Ferreira  shaft :  Temperature. 

Depth.  Deg.  F. 

123 62.4 

221 63.4 

317 63.6 

409 64.6 

496 64 . 8 

572 65 . 1 

638 65 . 7 

698 67.1 

758 69.0 

808 69.1 

Crown  Deep  shaft : 

825 66.7 

906 69  5 

1,030 70.7 

These  temperatures  were  taken  by  A.  F.  Crosse 
some  years  ago,  and  from  them  it  would  appear  that 
the  variation  is  somewhat  less  than  1°  for  every  100 


feet.     H.  Jennings  states  that  tests  of  the  increment 
show  only  1°F.  for  every  208  feet. 

The  following  data  taken  from  the  last  annual  re- 
port of  the  Mines'  Department  contains  interesting 
particulars  regarding  ventilation  on  three  deep-level 
mines  of  the  Rand  : 

Robinson  Deep.      Nourse  Deep. 

No.  of  employes 650  258  day,  10  night. 

Depth  of  shafts No.  1—2,498  ft.      No.  2—1,562  ft. 

vertical. 
No.  2—2,449  ft.      No.  3—1,560.24 
incline. 
Cubic  feet  of  air  pass- 
ing down  downcast 

per  minute 30,000  42,898  (2  shafts). 

Cubic  feet  of  air  pass- 
ing up  up-cast  per 

minute 42,000  14,768 

Temperature  of  air 
at  the    bottom    of  No.  1— 55°F. 

down-cast  shaft...  64°F.  No.  2— 62°F. 

Temperature  of  air 
at  the  bottom  of 
up-caBt  shaft 74°F.  No.  3-68°F. 

Rose  Deep. 

No.  of  employes 273 

Depth  of  shafts No  1— 1,209  ft. 

No.  2—1,055  ft. 

Cubic  feet  of  air  passing  down  down-cast 
per  minute  30,000 

Cubic  feet  of  air  passing  up  upcast  per 
minute 32  000 

Temperature    of  air  at  the  bottom  of 
down-cast  shaft 57°F. 

Temperature  of  air  at  the  bottom  of  up- 
cast shaft 67°F. 

In  the  deep  mines  of  Amador  county,  Cal.,  at  1500 
to  2600  feet  vertical  depth,  the  temperature  is  about 
80°  F.,  varying  somewhat  according  to  condition  of 
ventilation.  The  coolest  places  are  about  the  down- 
cast shafts,  and  the  hottest  in  close,  poorly  ventilated 
raises.  All  investigation  of  this  interesting  subject, 
however,  has  failed  to  establish  a  uniform  rate  of  in- 
crease for  all  portions  of  the  world,  or  even  for  dif- 
ferent portions  of  the  same  region,  but  that  there  is 
an  increase  cannot  be  denied. 


Miners'  Unions  and  Miners'  Wages. 

To  the  Editor: — If  all  superintendents  and  fore- 
men understood  their  business  thoroughly,  were  will- 
ing to  work  harder  than  they  do,  and  as  hard  as  they 
should  do  to  earn  a  proper  salary,  they  could  pay 
standard  wages  and  would  have  little  trouble  with 
miners'  unions. 

If  every  miner  was  willing,  faithful  and  competent, 
no  employer  having  a  practical  knowledge  of  under- 
ground mining  would  object  to  paying  the  standard 
rate  of  $3  per  day  fixed  by  the  miners'  unions  of 
California. 

That  all  miners  are  not  first-class  is  reasonable  to 
suppose;  that  there  is  such  a  large  proportion  of 
worthless  ones  is  hardly  realized  by  the  average 
miner  himself.  It  is  very  forcibly  brought  home  to 
any  foreman  starting  up  a  mine  requiring,  say  a 
hundred  underground  miners,  for  out  of  the  first 
hundred  engaged  only  about  forty  will  prove  to  be 
good  skilled  men,  who  will,  after  receiving  general 
instructions,  proceed  at  once  to  perform  their  duties 
without  needing  advice  or  supervision;  twenty  will  be 
ordinary,  or  average  miners,  and  will  need  a  great 
deal  of  direction  and  instruction;  thirty  will  be  indif- 
ferent and  stupid,  needing  urging  and  pushing  to  get 
them  to  do  anything  like  a  fair  day's  work;  the  re- 
maining ten  will  be  classed  by  the  shift  boss  as  "not 
worth  the  powder  to  blow  them  to  Hades." 

Nevertheless  miners'  unions  demand  the  same  pay 
for  each  miner  employed  underground  regardless  of 
qualification  or  ability. 

There  is  not  the  first  principle  of  right  or  justice 
in  this  demand,  and  the  miner  admits  it,  but  claims 
that  it  has  to  be  done  in  self-defense;  that  employers 
cannot  be  trusted  to  discriminate  fairly,  and  owing  to 
the  inherent  selfishness,  tyranny  and  greed  of  man- 
kind, that  if  left  to  the  employers'  option  very  few 
men  would  receive  even  a  living  wage,  and  that  the 
employer  has  as  his  remedy  the  right  and  privilege 
of  discharging  those  who  are  incompetent  and  retain- 
ing the  ones  who  give  service. 

It  looks  as  if  the  only  defense  the  mine  owner  has 
is  intelligent,  conscientious  and  fearless  underground 
supervision. 

In  order  to  get  such  service  better  salary  must  be 
paid  to  compensate  for  the  extremely  hard  work 
entailed  upon  one  who  properly  performs  such  duty 
and  to  secure  the  right  kind  of  brains  and  backbone. 
Of  technical  knowledge  there  is  no  lack,  but  handling 
men  to  advantage  is  not  a  matter  of  formulas  or 
mathematics,  it  is  a  thing  by  itself,  and  a  foreman 
requires  the  use  of  ethnology  and  phrenology,  as  well 
as  geology. 

Improve  the  grade  of  mine  foremen  and  you  improve 
the  miner  under  him.  Pay  the  wages  and  see  that 
you  get  the  service.  Chas.  L.  Lang. 

Sonora,  Cal.,  August  17. 

m 

But  six  persons  hold  1000  shares  or  over  of  Calu- 
met &  Hecla.  They  comprise  Q.  A.  Shaw,  5500;  A. 
Agassiz,  4904;  J.  J.  Higginson,  trustee,  4000;  R.  S. 
Oliver,  trustee,  3500;  C.  P.  Curtis,  1060;  Lee,  Hig- 
ginson &  Co.,  trustees,  1000.  All  of  the  above  men- 
tioned are  of  Boston. 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


119 


? c 

I  Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

h a 


PATENTS  ISSUED   AUGUST  15.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING   AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Rock  Drill. — No.  735,717;  H.  A.  Dalmas,  Linden, 
Va. 


tion,  distance  between  stops  being  regulable  to  vary 
sliding  movement  between  drill  and  drill  barrel. 


In  rock  drill,  reciprocating  crosshead,  piston  pro- 
vided with  opening  therein,  collar  encircling  piston, 
spring  seated  between  collar  and  crosshead  and  key 
adapted  to  enter  opening  comprising  shank  and  oppo- 
sitely disposed  shoulders  adapted  to  engage  collar  and 
plunger  adapted  to  engage  collar  and  key  whereby 
collar  is  removably  locked  on  piston. 


Gas  Furnace.— No.  735,765; 
cago,  111. 


P.   S.    Harvey,  Chi- 


In  gas  crucible  furnace,  means  for  supporting  cru- 
cible with  space  or  chamber  below,  and  means  direct- 
ing fuel  into  such  chamber  from  side. 


Rock  Drill.- 
Tex. 


-No.  735,767;  P.  Higgins,  Beaumont, 


In  well  drilling  apparatus,  combination  of  drill  bar- 
rel provided  with  guide,  intercommunicating  open- 
ings, drill  slidably  mounted  within  barrel  and  spaced 
from  inner  walls  thereof,  and  having  shank  fitted  in 
guide  opening  of  plug,  and  stops  at  ends  of  shank  for 
engagement  with  opposite  ends  of  plug  in  alterna- 


Ore  Separator. — No.   735,813; 
C.  F.  Salomonson,  Oakland,  Cal. 


O.    F.   Pira  and 


In  ore  separator,  combination  with  rotatable  cyl- 
inder, of  centrally  arranged  distributing  table,  series 
riffles  arranged  on  inner  face  of  rotatable  cylinder, 
means  for  imparting  rotary  motion  to  cylinder  and 
distributing  table,  air-supply  conduit  discharging 
into  cylinder,  means  for  bodily  adjusting  distributing 
table  whereby  table  constitutes  valve  for  air-supply 
conduit,  and  feed  pipe  arranged  within  cylinder, 
through  which  material  treated  is  delivered  onto  re- 
volving distributing  table. 

Quicksilver  Furnace. — No.  735,319;  A.  A.  Tre- 
gido,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


In  quicksilver  furnace,  shaft  in  upper  part  of  shell, 
having  contracted  base  formed  with  conical  seat, 
heat  chamber  below  base  and  underlying  discharge 
in  lower  part  of  shell,  vertically  movable  hollow  per- 
forated cone  co-operating  with  conical  seat  to  close 
and  open  base  of  shaft  to  support  and  drop  ore,  open- 
ing through  shell  from  exterior  communicating  with 
heat  chamber  below  cone,  and  burner  in  opening. 

Apparatus  for  the  Recovery  of  Precious  Met- 
als.—No.  736,036;  H.  L.  Sulman  and  H.  F.  Kirkpat- 
rick-Picard,  London,  England. 

r  i  r 


In  apparatus  for  recovering  precious  metals,  com- 
bination of  vessel  having  inner  amalgamated  surface, 
body  having  outer  surface  amalgamated  disposed 
within  vessel  and  forming  therewith  narrow  inter- 
space, body  of  mercury  charged  with  electroposi- 
tive metal,  inlet  conduit  for  mercury  from  apparatus 
to  top  of  interspace,  outlet  conduit  for  mercury  from 


bottom  of  interspace  to  apparatus,  and  means  for 
forcing  solution  carrying  values  upward  through  in- 
terspace. 

Clutch    for    Hoisting    Machines.— No.   735,862; 
P.  F.  Dundon,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


In  hoisting  machine  clutch  apparatus,  solid  fixed 
central  shaft,  winding  drum  revoluble  thereon,  motor 
gear  wheel  revolubly  mounted  on  fixed  shaft  at  end 
thereof,  friction  clutch  members  on  gear  wheel  and 
drum  adapted  for  engagement,  means  for  throwing 
drum  clutch  out  of  engagement,  lever  for  moving 
drum  with  clutch  member  into  engagement,  mounted 
directly  above  fixed  shaft  bearing,  cam,  gears  and 
crank  for  operating  lever,  also  mounted  above  shaft 
bearing,  whereby  width  of  machine  is  practically 
confined  within  limits  of  drum  and  clutch  mechanism. 

Mine  Timber-Framing  Machine.— No.  735,933; 
C.  K.  Barnes  and  A.  Y.  Smith,  Pearce,  Ariz. 


In  combination  with  tenoning  head  of  work  support 
having  means  for  clamping  and  centering  work, 
means  for  giving  proper  travel  for  cutting  purposes 
to  support  past  head  in  straight  line  forward  and 
backward,  and  means  giving  another  such  travel  at 
angle  to  first-mentioned  travel  and  for  maintaining 
positions  of  support  obtained  by  one  travel  in  either 
direction  during  other  travel,  so  that  two  travels 
may  be  combined  in  succession  to  constitute  circuit 
about  tenoning  head. 

Metal  Extracting  and  Ore  Lixiviating  Appa- 
ratus.—No.  735,960.  G.  S.  Foster,  St.  Louis,  and 
A.  D.  Stringer,  St.  Clair,  Mo. 


In  apparatus  of  character  described,  combination 
of  solution  supply  taDk,  series  of  intercommunicating 
leaching  tanks  adapted  to  receive  solution  from  sup- 
ply tank,  water  tank  having  fume  conducting  con- 
nection with  leaching  tanks,  and  gas  conducting  pipe 
leading  from  water  tank  to  solution  supply  tank. 


120 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

H  Bratnober,  arrived  at  Dawson,  says 
that  several  hundred  miners  are  on  the 
verge  of  starvation  in  the  northern  part 
of  Tanana  district,  and  urges  that  imme- 
diate relief  be  furnished  by  the  D.  S.  Gov- 
ernment. 

P.  Johnson  of  Hadley,  Alaska,  manager, 
says  they  have  men  at  work  on  the  new 
copper  smelter  at  the  Mamie  mine,  owned 
by  the  Brown-Alaska  C.  M.  Co  on  Prince 
of  Wales  Island.  The  smelter  will  be  in 
operation  by  Jan.  1,  and  will  have  a  ca- 
pacity at  the  beginning  of  400  tonB  a  day, 
which  it  is  expected  to  increase  later  on. 
The  sawmill  is  in  operation.  Hadley  is  28 
miles  from  Ketchikan.  One  of  the  hard- 
est troubles  has  been  to  clear  the  ground 
from  timber,  says  Johnson.  Vegetation 
is  dense  on  the  island,  because  of  the  mild 
climate  and  the  heavy  rainfall.  The  trees 
range  from  2  to  11  feet  in  diameter. 

The  Alaska  Con.  Oil  Co.,  J.  A.  Moore  of 
Seattle,  Wash.,  president,  has  men  at 
work  building  a  road  to  its  holdings  near 
Kayak.  Its  property  adjoins  the  lands  of 
the  Alaska  Oil  Syndicate,  the  Lippy- 
Davis  Co.  and  the  English  Oil  Co.  A  drill- 
ing plant  will  be  taken  in.  W.  R.  Brawley 
of  Seattle,  WaBh.,  is  manager  of  the 
Alaska  Con.  The  payroll  of  the  oil  dis- 
trict amounts  to  $40,000  per  month  and 
300  men  are  at  work.  The  English  Oil 
Co  is  putting  up  two  derricks.  The 
Abernethy-White  Co.,  the  Lippy  Co.  and 
the  English  Co.  are  all  developing  their 
holdings.  The  owners  of  the  coal  land 
propose  building  a  wagon  road  from  the 
coal  mines  and  oil  fields  to  supply  the 
drilling  plants  with  fuel  and  to  furnish 
fuel  at  Catella  and  elsewhere  in  the  dis- 
trict. 

In  Inmachuck  district,  at  the  Utlca 
group,  below  Arizona  creek  and  above 
Dashley  Bros,  group,  extensive  operations 
are  being  started  by  the  owners,  J.  John- 
son, G   Shea,  L.  Lane  et  al. 

The  York-Alaska  Tin  Corporation,  R. 
Parmele  manager,  have  two  creeks  in  the 
York  district  which  carry  placer  tin  de- 
posits. Superintendent  E.  R.  Steiner  has 
men  at  work  putting  in  a  hydraulic  plant 
to  work  both  Buck  and  Onokovuk  creeks. 

The  first  quartz  mill  to  begin  operations 
on  Seward  peninsula  was  put  in  motion 
July  16,  says  the  Nome  Mining  Gazette. 
The  mill  is  on  the  Big  Hurrah  property, 
in  the  Solomon  river  country,  near  Nome, 
and  Is  owned  by  C.  D.  and  T.  Lane.  It  Is 
of  ten  stamps.  A  large  quantity  of  ore  is 
on  the  dumps  ready  to  be  crushed.  The 
ltdge  has  been  tapped  in  several  places. 

ARIZONA 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

The  Gardner  shaft  of  the  Copper 
Queen  Co.,  at  Bisbee,  is  being  enlarged 
to  three  compartments,  the  work  being 
prosecuted  from  various  levels  by  upraises. 
A  heavy  hoisting  and  compressor  plant 
will  be  Installed. 

The  Bisbee  &  Superior  D.  Co.  has  been 
organized,  president,  C.  D.  Shelden,  of 
Houghton;  vice-president,  H.  J.  Vivian, 
of  Calumet;  secretary  and  treasurer,  J.  L. 
N  anker  vis,  of  Calumet,  to  operate  a  group 
of  twenty-eight  claims,  comprising  4000 
feet  wide  and  6000  feet  long,  in  Tombstone 
canyon,  6  miles  north  of  Bisbee.  The  ore 
bodleB  are  found  in  limestone.  W.  WUIb 
is  in  charge. 

GILA  COUNTY. 

W.  Pohl  haB  a  lease  on  the  Tip  Top 
No  2,  Bobby  Burns  and  Buster  mines, 
near  Globe,  and  expects  to  begin  work 
next  week. 

The  four-compartment  shaft  of  the  Old 
Dominion  C.  M.  &  S.  Co.,  at  Globe,  is 
down  350  feet  and  connection  has  been 
made  at  300  feet  with  the  sixth  level  of 
the  mine,  which  gives  good  air  in  the 
shaft  and  facilitates  sinking,  says  the  Sil- 
ver Belt.  About  Sept.  1  the  eighth  level 
crosscut  will  have  been  driven  to  connect 
with  the  shaft,  and  raises  will  be  started 
from  the  tenth  and  twelfth  level  cross- 
cuts. The  electric  light  installation  will 
be  completed  next  week.  Wiring  the  mine 
is  progressing.  At  the  Bmelter  two  fur- 
naces are  again  running. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 

The  Shannon  Co.  continue  to  reduce  450 
tons  of  ore  a  day,  producing  fifteen  to 
eighteen  tons  of  copper  seven  days  in  the 
week.  The  strike  and  cloudburst  in  June 
caused  a  shut  down  for  three  weeks.  The 
mine  is  being  developed,  and  it  is  stated 
the  tonnage  of  ore  in  sight  is  on  the  in- 
crease. A  new  ore  body  is  reported  in  the 
Black  Hawk  No.  3  tunnel,  and  a  small 
streak  of  40%  ore  showB  in  the  Carter 
tunnel,  the  loweBt  workings  of  the  mine. 


MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

S.  Hubbard  and  associates  have  bonded 
the  Minerva  group,  near  Wickenburg. 
This  group  adjoins  the  Goldberg  proper- 
ties in  Black  Rock  district.  Sinking  will 
be  commenced. 

The  Caledonia  group  of  mines  have  been 
bought  by  C.  W.  Stewart  of  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  These  mines  are  3J  miles  from  the 
Gila  river  and  adjoin  the  Arizona-Pacific 
C.  Co.'s  properties,  near  Phoenix. 

MOHAVE    COUNTY. 

The  Treasure  Hill  Co.  is  sinking  its  shaft 
on  the  mine  near  Kingman,  "but  the  pres- 
ence of  an  increasing  volume  of  water  is 
quite  a  detriment,  as  hoisting  is  done  by 
whim,  says  the  Kingman  Miner.  The 
Bhaft  is  down  125  feet  and  should  the  cas- 
ing of  one  of  the  veins  be  broken  a  pump- 
ing plant  will  have  to  be  put  in  before 
further  work  can  be  done. 

C.  T.  English  of  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  con- 
culting  engineer  for  the  Minnesota  & 
Arizona  G.  M.  Co.,  says  that  company  has 
determined  to  utilize  falls  in  the  Colorado 
river,  25  miles  below  the  Grand  canyon, 
for  the  estimated  development  of  23,000- 
horse  power.  The  purpose  is  to  furnish 
cheap  power  for  the  operation  of  several 
groups  of  mines  in  the  desert  on  the  Ari- 
zona side  of  the  Colorado  river,  north  and 
west  of  Kingman. 

The  Sorpresa  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  by  R.  A.  Gurley,  C.  Baylor, 
A.  F.  Judson,  G.  C.  Davis  and  D.  Sullivan 
of  Denver,  Colo  ,  to  operate  sixty  claims  3 
miles  south  of  Kingman,  on  which  it  has 
started  work.  A  3-mile  pipe  line  to  con- 
vey water  from  a  spring  in  Railroad  can- 
yon to  the  mines  will  be  laid  and  a  20- 
stamp  mill  will  be  built. 

PIMA  COUNTY. 

P.  V.  Swinney  has  bonded  the  property 
of  the  Arizona  O.  &  M.  Co.  in  Davidson 
canyon,  near  Tucson. 

The  Azurlte  mine,  20  miles  Bouth  of 
Tucson,  has  been  bonded  by  L.  Zecken- 
dorf  &  Co.  for  $50,000,  says  the  Bisbee 
Review.  There  are  thirteen  claims  in  the 
Azurite,  carrying  a  low-grade  copper  ore. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

At  the  Decatur  mine,  near  Jerome,  Sup- 
erintendent Owens  has  overhauled  and 
reset  the  machinery,  resuming  develop- 
ment this  week. 

The  Ideal  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Groom 
Creek,  is  preparing  to  put  up  a  reduction 
plant,  which  will  comprise  a  steam  stamp, 
with  capacity  of  fifteen  tons  of  ore  per  day, 
and  a  concentrator.  E.  L.  Sharpneck  is 
Buperintendent. 

Plans  are  being  drawn  for  the  mill  to 
be  erected  at  the  Home  Run  mine,  near 
Groom  creek,  which  has  been  bought  by 
Douglas,  Lacy  &  Co.  The  grading  has 
been  done.  The  pumps  have  been  Btarted 
in  the  Old  King  Extension  mine,  operated 
by  the  same  company,  and  the  drift  is  go- 
ing ahead  into  the  Iron  King  ledge. 

CALIFORNIA. 

ALAMEDA  COUNTY. 

The  Pyne  smelter,  on  Alameda  Point, 
at  Alameda,  is  reported  to  have  suspended 
operations,  because  of  the  smoke  and 
fumes  destroying  vegetation. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

W.  Moon,  owner  of  the  Red  Cloud 
mine,  south  of  Jackson,  adjoining  the 
Moore  mine,  says  he  has  completed  pre- 
liminary work  and  will  start  a  tunnel,  500 
feet  south  of  the  old  workings,  to  strike 
the  hanging  wall  of  the  ledge. 

P.  Eudey,  a  director  of  the  Fremont 
Con.  mine  at  Amador  City,  says  a  20-foot 
vein  of  free-milling  quartz  which  runs  $5 
per  ton  has  been  struck  at  the  1500  foot 
level,  in  the  south  drift  from  the  Gover 
Bhaft.  The  framework  of  the  mill  is  up 
and  covered  and  the  machinery  is  being 
Bet  up.  The  mill  is  expected  to  be  run- 
ning by  October  1st.  The  hoisting  ma- 
chinery at  the  Fremont  shaft  is  in  posi- 
tion and  the  boilers  are  being  set. 

At  the  Tom  &  Dick  mine,  J  mile  from 
Defender,  it  is  expected  work  will  be 
started    next    week,    sayB    the    Amador 

Ledger.     F.  B.  Joyce  is  owner.- At  the 

Red  Tape  mine,  owned  by  Superintendent 
Lofstad,  a  Bhaft  haB  been  sunk  90  feet, 
showing  ore.  This  is  1  mile  from  De- 
fender.  At  the  Bunker  Hill  minp,  near 

Amador  City,  grading  for  the  mill  was 

started  last  week. At  the  Butte  Basin 

mine  work  has  been  resumed  in  sinking 
the  shaft  with  view  of  striking  bedrock. 
The  shaft  is  110  feet  deep,  says  Superin- 
tendent W.  E.  Stewart.  It  is  a  gravel 
proposition,  and  they  expect  to  reach 
bedrock  in  40  feet. 

At  the  Kennedy  nine,  at  Jackson,  there 
are  300  men  at  work.  The  new  hoist  is 
ready  to  start.  The  mill  is  to  be  in- 
creased by  addition  of  twenty  more 
stamps,  says  the  Amador  Ledger.  They 
have  two  mills  completed,  one  of  sixty 
stamps  and  one  of  forty  stamps. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 
It  is  reported  the  South  Bank  mine  on 


Indian  creek,  between  Angels  and  San 
Andreas,  will  resume. 

Construction  work  on  the  20-stamp  ad- 
dition to  the  mill  of  the  Angels  quartz 
mine  at  Angels  is  progressing. 

The  Duchess  mine,  near  Valleclto,  has 
been  closed  down.  This  property  has  two 
tunnels  and  a  10-stamp  mill. 

At  the  Woodhouse  mine  at  West  Point, 
operations  are  under  way,  says  J.  B.  Sum- 
mers, manager.  A  hoist  and  other  ma- 
chinery has  been  put  in. 

Operations  began  at  the  Stockton  Hill 
placer  mine,  near  Mokelumne  Hill,  last 
week,  says  Superintendent  Robinson.  It 
is  expected  work  will  start  up  on  the 
Hexter  mine. 

EL  DORADO  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  240-ton 
cyanide  plant  that  D.  Fricot  is  installing 
at  the  Sand  Pile  mill  is  expected  to  be  in 
operation  by  the  15th  prox. 

Latrobe,  Aug.  18 

The  tunnel  at  the  River  Hill  mine,  near 
Placerville,  is  completed— connection  hav- 
ing been  made  last  week.  The  length  of 
the  tunnel  is  2800  feet,  and  several  ledges 
were  crosscut  during  its  development, 
says  the  Mountain  Democrat. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 

The  New  San  Francisco  Crude  Oil  Co. 
finished  its  No.  2  well,  near  Coalinga,  last 
week,   at  a  depth  of  1300  feet.    The  well 

has  not  been  pumped  as  yet. The  Penn- 

Coalinga  well  No.  2  has  been  finished  and 
will  be  put  on  the  pump  this  week.     This 

well  is  opposite  the  Esperanza  wells 

Well  No.  3  of  the  Esperanza  Oil  &  Gas 
Co.  has  been  finished  and  ptoves  to  be  a 
flowing  well. The  28  Oil  Co.,  operat- 
ing near  Coalinga,  is  pumping  its  No.  8 
well.  No.  9  is  down  1050  feet,  with  llf 
casing  in  the  hole.  No.  10  derrick  is  com- 
pleted and  the  grade  made  for  No.  11. 
Two  500-barrel  galvanized  iron  tanks  are 
being  built  near  No.  9  well. 

INYO   COUNTY. 

The  Poleta  mine,  6  miles  east  of  Bishop, 
has  been  sold  to  W.  McGregor,  of  Berke- 
ley, et  al  Development  work  will  be 
started.  , 

KERN   COUNTY. 

D.  B.  Newell  and  E.  T.  Garlock  are 
putting  up  a  plant  to  work  the  tailings  of 

the   Garlock    mill,   near  Randsburg. 

Johnson  &  Jensen  have  reached  bedrock 
on  their  placer  claim  and  have  put  in  a 
dry  washer. 

Owing  to  the  shortage  of  water  the 
Echo  mill  at  Mojave  has  been  forced  to 
close  down.      The    company    is    making 

preparation   to  develop  more  water. 

A.  J.  Martin,  manager  for  the  Flamlo- 
flume  M  Co.,  says  he  is  arranging  to  put 
In  machinery  and  will  have  twenty  men 
at  work  in  Jaw  Bone  canyon,  near  Mo- 
jave.   A  road  is  being   built  to  the  mine 

The  R.  D.  Robinson  Oil  Co.  of  Los 
Angeles  will  drill  fifteen  oil  and  three 
water  wells  on  its  Clairmont  property, 
near  Bakersfield,  says  the  Reporter. 

MARIPOSA  COUNTY. 

The  dump  at  the  Malvina  mine,  at 
Coulterville,  is  being  sorted  and  worked 
at  the  Tyro  mill,  says  the  Prospector. 

L.  J.  and  L.  E.  Hanchett,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, part  owners  of  the  Sweetwater 
mine,  near  Mariposa,  report  making  ar- 
rangements to  build  a  20-stamp  quartz 
mill  at  the  mine. 

MONO  COUNTY. 

In  the  White  mountains,  J.  S.  Stotler, 
with  P.  Blume  of  Tonopah,  Nev.,  are  de- 
veloping the  Continental  group,  near  Fur- 
nace canyon,  6  miles  from  Queen  and  at 
an  altitude  of  8000  feet.  The  main  ledge 
is  4  feet  in  width  at  the  surface  and  car- 
ries silver-lead  ore. 

D.  Bell  and  J.  Aneer  report  having 
found  coal  in  Cottonwood  canyon,  near 
Bodie.  They  have  uncovered  9  feet  of 
lignite  croppings  and  have  also  found  oil 
sand  and  fire  clay. 

NEVADA   COUNTY. 

Near  Grass  Valley  E.  C.  Lawrey  &  Co. 
are  putting  up  a  3-stamp  mill  at  the  Rose 
Hill  mine,  on  Winchester  hill,  to  be  run 
by  steam  power. 

The  Virginia-Gold  Hill  mine  at  French 
Corral  haB  been  Bold  to G.  F.  Macpherson 
&  Bro.  of  San  Francisco.  The  vein  car- 
ries values  in  copper  and  gold.  There  are 
three  tunnels  on  the  property,  each  400 
feet  in  length,  which  are  said  to  show  the 
vein. 

N.  W.  Schoorel  of  San  Francisco  has 
bonded  the  Old  Junction  mine  and  adja- 
cent locations  —  six  in  number  —  at  the 
junction  of  the  North  and  Middle  Yuba 
rivers,  4  miles  west  of  North  San  Juan. 
The  Quartz  Quarry  G.  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  by  N.  W.  Schoorel,  G.  B.  Hors- 
fell,  D.  E.  Gates,  N.  A.  Robinson  and  M. 
M.  Johnson  to  operate  the  group.  H. 
Huckins  is  superintendent.  A  road  is  be- 
ing built  to  the  mine,  and  as  soon  as  com- 
pleted a  milling  plant  will  be  put  In. 

Superintendent  C.    Kent    of  the   Last  I 


Chance  mine,  on  Diamond  creek,  near  Ne- 
vada City,  has  started  up  the  mill. 

The  Menlo  ledge  has  been  struck,  says 
Superintendent  Starr  of  the  Empire  mine, 
near  Grass  Valley.  Eight  months  ago  a 
crosscut  was  started  from  the  Omaha 
shaft,  In  the  1400-foot  level,  to  develop 
the  ground  and  cut  this  ledge.  It  is  15  to 
18  inches  thick  and  as  far  as  observed 
contains  low-grade  ore.  Work  in  the 
Omaha  shaft  has  also  been  under  way, 
which  is  down  1575  feet. 

PLACER  COUNTY. 

Work  on  the  Cash  Rock  mine,  near 
Forest  Hill,  Is  progressing  and  prepara- 
tions are  being  made  to  put  in  additional 
machinery. 

PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Redstreake  of  the  Jami- 
son mine,  near  Johnsviile,  says  he  has 
fifty-five  men  employed  and  work  Is  pro- 
gressing. Indications  are  that  there  will 
be  sufficient  water  in  the  supply  lakes  to 
run  the  mine  and  mill  steadily  till  the  fall 
rains.  Most  of  the  ore  milled  is  being 
taken  mostly  from  development  made 
southwest  of  the  old  part  of  the  mine. 

A  body  of  free  gold  ore  has  been  found 
in  the  Bluff  City  mine  at  Qulncy,  says 
Superintendent  A.  E.  Shinn,  being  opened 
in  a  prospect  Bhaft  sunk  on  the  north  end 
of  the  ledge,  and  700  feet  from  the  face  of 
the  working  tunnel. 

C.  M.  Dobson  says  as  soon  as  arrange- 
ments can  be  made  with  the  Round  Val- 
ley Reservoir  Co.  for  water  for  power  pur- 
poses the  work  of  opening  up  the  Indian 
Valley  group  of  mines  at  Greenville  will 
begin,  reports  the  Plumas  Bulletin,  He 
has  arranged  with  the  Prentiss  and  Blood 
interests  by  which  the  Indian  Valley,  the 
Union  and  the  Summit  groups,  as  well  as 
some  others  contiguous  thereto,  will  be 
consolidated.  They  are  preparing  to 
drive  a  lower  tunnel  from  near  the  Short 
place,  opposite  Greenville.  This  is  but  100 
feet  above  the  level  of  Indian  valley  and 
it  is  estimated  that  to  open  up  the  prop- 
erties it  will  be  necessary  to  drive  this 
tunnel  1900  feet. 

C.  M.  Dobson  has  bonded  the  Whltney- 
Duncan-Hook  copper  mine  in  Genessee 
valley,  near  Genessee,  and  will  develop  It. 
Parts  of  the  ledge  already  exposed  show 
values. 

SAN  BERNARDINO  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Peak  M.  Co.,  near  Victor,  re- 
ports producing  bullion  of  the  value  of 
$2500  in  a  nineteen-day  run  with  five 
stamps. 

SAN  DIEGO   COUNTY. 

F.  Harritt  has  a  lease  on  the  Hubbard 
mine,  near  Banner,  and  has  begun  work. 

J.  D.  Moulton  and   L.  L.  Wilcox  are 

working  the  dump  of  the  Ella  mine  by 

dry  washing. F.  D.  Jones  will  resume 

operations  in  the  Elevada  mine  at  Banner 

Sept.  1. L.  N.  Bailey  will  resume  work 

of  drilling  in  the  Kentuck  tunnel  Sept.  1. 

The  work  of  sinking  the  two-compart- 
ment shaft  on  the  Helvetia  mine,  near 
Julian,  is  progressing  with  seven  men, 
says  the  Julian  Miner.  The  shaft  Is  down 
85  feet.  The  10-stamp  mill  is  running 
steadily,  crushing  ore  from  the  High 
Peak. 

SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 

The  Union  Oil  Co.  is  planning  to  put  In 
a  pipe  line  from  the  summit  of  the  Santa 
Rita  hills,  near  Santa  Barbara,  to  the 
beach,  a  distance  of  15  miles. 

SHASTA    COUNTY. 

L.  W.  Vaughn  of  Merced,  president  of 
the  Stockton  Con.  C.  M.  Co.,  says  he  1b 
preparing  to  open  its  mine  on  Pit  river, 
3S  miles  below  Big  Bend,  near  Redding. 
There  are  ten  clalmB  in  the  group.  Na- 
tive copper  Is  said  to  show  In  places.  The 
property  is  remote  from  means  of  trans- 
portation and  later  it  Is  proposed  to  put  in 
a  road  or  build  a  small  smelter  on  the 
site. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Manager  J.  S.  Herron  has  arranged  to 
resume  work  on  the  Rattlesnake  placers, 
14  miles  above  Downieville,  which  are 
owned  by  J.  Sparks  of  Reno,  Nev. 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

C.  Fry  and  T.  McCauley  have  a  lease 
and  bond  on  the  Sheba  mine,  and  start 
operations  this  week.  The  mine  is  located 
on  Patterson  creek,  north  of  Orofino. 

J.  F.  Lewis  is  reported  to  have  sold  his 
interest  in  the  Lucky  Strike  mine  to  W. 
H.  Overton  of  San  FranclBCO  for  $3000.  It 
Is  on  Cow  creek,  tributary  to  Russian 
creek  in  the  Salmon  country,  near  Fort 
Jones.  The  ledge  Ib  3J  feet  wide  and  car- 
ries values  in  free  gold  and  sulphurets. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

Work  on  the  cyanide  plant  at  the 
Headlight  mine,  on  Coffee  creek,  near 
Trinity  Center,  is  under  way.  The  old 
plant  was  destroyed  by  fire.  The  capac- 
ity will  be  enlarged. The  Golden  Jubi- 
lee mine  will  start  up  this  week. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

The  Garfield  mine  has  been  taken  over 


August  22,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


121 


by  W.  W.  Coe  and  Eastern  parties  inter- 
ested in  the  Starr  King  mine.  The  Gar- 
field is  on  the  North  Fork  of  the  Tuol- 
umne river,  between  the  Grizzly  and 
Providence  mines,  near  Carters.  It  Is 
opened  by  a  tunnel  300  feet,  connecting 
with  a  shaft  sunk  100  feet.  The  vein  Is  22 
Inches  wide.  The  quartz  Bhows  free  gold 
and  galena.  Water  can  be  obtained  from 
the  Seminole  ditch  at  a  height  of  800  feet. 
There  is  a  good  millslte,  but  It  is  thought 
the  Bonlta  claim,  which  is  on  the  river 
below  the  Garfield,  may  be  bought  and  a 
better  site  obtained. 

At  the  Jumper  mine  at  Stent  connec- 
tion on  the  600-foot  level  has  been  made 
with  the  Golden  Rule  mine,  track  laid 
and  the  shipment  of  ore  from  the  Golden 
Rule  to  the  Jumper  mill  will  begin.  The 
new  air  compressor  is  set  up  and  Is  being 
connected  with  the  new  boiler  plant. 
There  are  125  men  at  the  Jumper. 

At  the  Horseshoe  Bend  mine,  near 
Columbia,  sixteen  men  are  at  work.  The 
main  tunnel  on  the  ledge  is  in  440  feet. 
Two  crosscuts  are  being  driven  on  the 
ledge,  one  80  feet  in,  with  no  signs  of  a 
hanging  wall,  says  the  Magnet. 

At  the  Eagle-Shawmut  mine,  near  Chi- 
nese, there  are  285  men  at  work. 

A.  E.  Hendricks  has  bought  the  Little 
Beauty  quartz  mine,  near  Columbia. 

Preliminary  work  having  been  done  on 
the  Blue  Jay  and  Jack  Rabbit  mines, 
near  Carters,  the  tunnel  is  being  driven 
ahead  on  the  vein  to  open  up  the  ore 
shoot  that  shows  Id  the  upper  tunnels. 

In  the  action  of  W.  A.  NevlllB  vs.  Tuol- 
umne Mother  Lode  M.  &  D.  Co.,  under  a 
decree  of  foreclosure,  the  Columbus  lode 
claim,  near  Moccasin  creek,  and  the  Big 
Oak  mine  No.  1  at  Big  Oak  Flat,  together 
with  all  Improvements,  mills,  machinery, 
etc.,  were  sold  at  public  auction  by  a  com- 
missioner for  $10,000,  being  bid  In  by 
W.  A.  Nevills  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Grading  for  the  10  stamp  mill  has  been 
completed  at  the  Norwegian  mine,  near 
Tuttletown,  and  machinery  is  reported 
arriving. 

S.  Carlon  has  bought  a  one-half  inter- 
est In  the  Telegraph  Line  mine,  south  of 

the  Tuolumne  river,  near  Groveland 

Superintendent  E.  C.  Loftus  is  putting  In 
a  set  of  boilers  at  the  Santa  Ysabel  mine, 
near  Quartz,  and  it  is  expected  operations 
will  be  resumed  by  Sept.  1st. 

C.  F.  Lukens  has  bought  a  one-twelfth 
interest  in  the  Belcher  and  Daisy  quartz 
mines,  on  Turnback  creek,  1  mile  north 
of  Carters;  also  one-sixth  Interest  in  the 
John  W.,  East  and  West  Ledge  quartz 
mines. 

At  the  Altadena  mine,  near  Columbia, 
sinking  has  proceeded  with  a  windlass  to 
a  point  where  other  power  is  necessary 
and  a  steam  hoist  is  being  set  up,  says  C. 
A.  Holland,  superintendent. 

The  Tuolumne  County  Dev.  Co.  has 
been  Incorporated  at  Carters  by  W.  T. 
Carter,  K.  C.  Parish,  J.  E.  Conde,  W.  R. 
Hall,  C.  A.  Holland,  J.  F.  Summers,  C.  I. 
McLalne,  G.  D.  Rose  and  C.  A.  Belli. 

YUBA  COUNTY. 

To  divert  the  Yuba  river  from  its  regu- 
lar channel,  near  Daguerre  Point,  near 
Marysville,  Colonel  Heuer,  U.  S.  engineer 
in  charge  of  the  river  improvement,  and 
W.  W.  Waggoner,  State  Debris  Commis- 
sioner, this  week  awarded  the  contract  to 
E.  Malley  of  San  Francisco,  whose  bid 
was  23  A  cents  a  yard  for  earth  work  and 
90  cents  a  yard  for  rock.  The  proposals 
called  for  bids  to  excavate  a  waterway  or 
canal  1000  feet  long  with  an  average  depth 
of  25  feet.  This  waterway  will  be  800  feet 
wide  at  the  upper  end  and  600  feet  wide 
at  the  lower  end,  and  will  necessitate,  as 
estimated,  the  removal  of  670,000  yards  of 
earth  and  rock.  Thirty  thousand  yards 
per  month  will  be  the  minimum  allowed 
the  contractor,  and  two  years  will  be  re- 
quired to  complete  the  work.  It  is  esti- 
mated the  cost  will  reach  $150,000. 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

R.  A.  Duncan,  part  owner  of  the  Lucky 
Star  mine,  near  Wallstreet,  says  opera- 
tions have  been  resumed  with  men  at 
work  clearing  out  the  drifts  and  getting 
ready  to  take  out  ore.  There  is  a  shaft 
400  feet  deep. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

H.  I.  Seaman  of  Denver,  president  of 
the  Yankee  Con.  M.  Co.,  operating  on 
Yankee  hill,  near  Idaho  Springs,  says  the 
new  mill  Is  ready  for  operation.  The 
crusher  machinery  has  been  put  on  the 
ground  floor,  and  from  this  the  ore  is 
raised  by  link  buckets  to  the  ore  bins. 
The  mill  has  fifteen  rapid-drop  stamps, 
and  it  is  expected  to  have  a  capacity  of 
fifty  tons  a  day.  The  mill  is  equipped 
with  amalgamating  tables  and  two  sets  of 
concentrating  tables. 

DOLORES  COUNTY. 
F.  A.  McNeill  is  developing  the  C.  H.  C. 
group  of  gold  claims  in  Mt.   Wilson  dis- 
trict, near  Rico. The  Rio  Dolores  M. 

Co.  started  opening  up  their  properties  at 


Burns  this  week.  The  company  has  men 
at  work  on  its  Santa  Clara  mine,  and  the 
breast  of  the  tunnel  is  In  a  2-foot  body  of 
oxidized  Iron  and  lead  carbonate  ore,  says 

the  Rico  NewB. The  Ocean   Wave  M. 

Co.  Is  the  owner  of  a  group  of  claims  In 
Horse  Gulch  district,  which  are  being 
opened  up,  and  In  addition  to  drifting  on 
the  veins  a  shaft  will  be  sunk  on  the 
Ocean  Wave  vein.  Additional  machinery 
will  be  put  In. 

FREMONT   COUNTY. 

Negotiations  are  on  between  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor  and  Western 
Federation  of  Miners  for  forcing  the  issue 
of  an  eight-hour  day  in  the  coal  mines  of 
Fremont  county,  says  the  Times. 
GARFIELD  COUNTY. 

The  Boston-Colorado  Coal  Co.,  operat- 
ing near  Glenwood  Springs,  report  work 
progressing.  Development  work  was 
started  In  three  different  points — at  the 
mines  (2  miles  up  the  canyon),  at  the  town- 
site  (farther  down)  and  at  the  railroad 
tracks  (which  pass  at  the  mouth).  At  the 
same  time  grading  was  begun  on  a  tram 
line  to  run  from  the  mines  to  the  shipping 
point.  The  coal  deposits  In  the  canyon 
are  said  to  consist  of  twenty-one  veins,  of 
which  three  are  being  worked,  two  open- 
ings having  been  made  in  each  vein. 
There  are  three  separate  roads  of  escape 
from  each  mine.  The  coal  Is  found  near 
the  surface  and  Is  run  out  to  two  ninety- 
ton  bins,  from  which  the  electric  cars  will 
be  loaded.  The  development  work  has  so 
far  progressed  that  1500  tons  dally  are  be- 
ing shipped  and  250  miners  are  at  work. 
Shipping  facilities  are  provided  by  the 
electric  tramway.  The  line  Is  2.7  miles 
long  and  has  an  average  grade  of  3}%. 
Trains  will  be  made  up  of  twenty  cars, 
carrying  five  tons  each,  drawn  by  an  elec- 
tric motor.  To  guard  against  disaster, 
safety  switches  have  been  put  In  at  two 
points  near  the  lower  end.  These  switches 
will  always  be  set,  and,  in  case  the  motor- 
man  has  his  train  under  full  control,  he 
will  be  able  to  turn  the  switch  without 
stopping.  If  be  Is  going  too  fast,  his 
train  will  pass  onto  the  switch  and  up  a 
steep  grade,  which  will  bring  the  train  to 
a  stop,  says  the  Post. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

The  Penobscot  M.  Co.  has  their  tunnel 
near  Rollinsville  In  360  feet,  and  the  man- 
agement Is  considering  building  a  mill, 
says  the  Register-Call. 

Superintendent  Draper  of  the  Town 
Topics  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Central  City,  says 
arrangements  are  being  made  to  sink  the 
main  shaft  of  the  East  Notaway  mine 
from  600  feet  to  a  total  depth  of  1500  feet. 

Idaho  Springs  parties  have  taken  a  lease 
and  bond  on  the  John  L.  and  Nashville 
mines  near  the  head  of  Virginia  canyon, 
near  Russell  gulch,  owned  by  H.  J.  Haw- 
ley  of  Central  City  and  E.  W.  Williams  of 
Denver. 

GUNNISON  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Brooklyn  M.  Co. 
1b  negotiating  to  buy  the  Elko  concen- 
trator for  treating  ltB  own  ores  which  are 
on  Galena  mountain,  above  Elko,  says 
the  Elk  Mountain  Pilot. 

HINSDALE  COUNTY. 

It  is  expected  the  Dupre  M.  Co. ,  near 
Lake  City,  will,  pending  further  develop- 
ment of  the  Tobasco  mine,  lease  the  mill  of 
the  Tobasco  M.  Co.,  to  make  a  thorough 
test  of  the  cyanidlng  properties  of  the 
Isolde  ore,  says  the  Lake  City  Times. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence.)— J.  D.  Evans, 
manager  of  the  New  Leadvllle  Home  M. 
Co.,  is  sinking  and  shipping  100  tons  of 
ore  per  day.  This  company  is  operating 
the  Penrose  shaft,  which  is  680  feet  deep. 
Instead  of  sinking  the  main  shaft  from 
the  surface  they  are  sinking  an  interior 
shaft,  by  means  of  which  it  will  be  deter- 
mined whether  they  have  ore  to  justify 

the  expense  of  sinking  the  main  shaft. 

C.  Delker  has  a  lease  on  the  tailings  from 
the  A.  M.  W.  mill  and  is  operating  in  a 
small  way.    He  intends  adding  a  crusher 

and  rolls  to   his  plant. The  A.  M.  W. 

mill  is  handling  100  tons  per  day,  and  they 
will  Increase  the  capacity  by  adding  Hunt- 
ington mills  and  concentrators. 

Leadvllle,  Aug.  17. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — No  one  Is 
able  to  tell  at  present  where  the  strike, 
now  on  In  the  Cripple  Creek  district,  will 
end.  Whether  it  will  extend  to  other 
partB  of  the  State  la  an  uncertainty. 
Some  think  the  mill  men  at  Colorado  City 
have"  a  grievance  against  the  United 
States  Refining  &  Smelting  Co.,  while 
others  believe  the  smelter  has  taken  the 
proper  stand.  But  a  majority  seem  to 
think  the  strike  In  Victor  and  Cripple 
Creek  is  uncalled  for,  as  the  men  had  no 
grievance.  Leadvllle  operators  do  not 
anticipate  any  trouble,  though  the  closing 
of  the  Denver  plants  has  caused  some  of 
the  mines  In  Summit  and  Lake  counties 
to  suspend  operations  for  the  present. 

Leadvllle,  Aug.  17. 

(Special    Correspondence). — The    Man- 


hattan M.  &  M.  Co.  expect  to  erect  a  hun- 
dred-ton cyanide  plant  here  this  fall. 
M.  L.  Sargent  Is  superintendent. 

Twin  Lakes,  Aug.  18. 

The  Ten  Mile  M.  Co.,  near  Leadvllle, 
reports  having  struck  the  body  of  silver 
ore  for  which  It  was  prospecting.  It  has 
been  followed  for  30  feet  and  has  opened 
up  to  5  feet  In  width,  says  Superintendent 
Shepherd.  The  company  is  putting  In  a 
pump  and  expects  to  begin  prospecting  in 
the  New  York  mine  by  September  1. 

The  New  Monarch  M.  Co.  at  Leadvllle 
will  start  another  shaft  before  September 
1st.  The  ore  shoot  which  has  been  de- 
veloped has  been  shown  to  extend  to  the 
northeast,  and  the  shaft  will  be  sunk  east 
of  the  present  New  Monarch,  says  Man- 
ager Goodwin. The  Bon  Air  and  Starr 

properties,  which  are  under  lease  to  T.  S. 
Schlessinger,  are  being  operated  under 
the  name  of  The  Hague  M  Co  ,  and  they 
are  taking  out   a  considerable  tonnage  of 

iron   ore The    Crown   foint   mine    is 

being  operated  under  lease  to  M.  Starne 
and  J.  D  Murphy,  and  a  portion  of  the 
ground  has  been  sublet  to  four  sets  of 
lessees  who  are  taking  out  considerable 
Iron  ore. 

It  Is  expected  that  P.    K.  Connolly  will 
have  operations  resumed  on  the  Dolly  B. 
mine  in  Big  Evans  gulch,  near  Leadvllle. 
LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

M.  McLean,  C.  E  ,  and  J.  C.  Herr  of 
Durango,  and  T.  Dapra  of  La  Plata,  be- 
gan work  last  week  on  their  group  of  six 
claims  on  the  east  side  of  Silver  Lake 
gulch,  near  La  Plata. 

J.  T.  O'Hara  has  taken  a  lease  and  bond 
on  the  Yellow   Eye  mine,  near  La  Plata, 
and  will  put  men  on  next  week. 
LARIMER  COUNTY. 

President  McGulre  of  the  Grand  Re- 
public and  Mount  ZIrkel  C.  M.  Cos.,  at 
Pearl,  says  his  companies  will  build  a  con- 
centrating plant  near  the  Mount  Zirkel 
mine  and  ground  will  be  broken  by  Sep- 
tember 10th.  A  smelter  Is  also  proposed. 
Developments  continue  at  the  Cold- 
water  copper  mine  at  Pearl. 

PITKIN  COUNTY. 

Aspen  reports  say  the  fire  which  broke 
out  anew  In  the  Smuggler  mine  there  last 
week  has  gained  such  headway  that  the 
management  has  closed  the  mine  to  let 
the  fire  burn  out.  The  company  will  work 
the  Molly  Gibson  mine  for  the  present. 
Smoke  Is  coming  out  of  the  Cowenhoven 
tunnel  In  great  volume. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — E.  F.  Hall, 
Jr.,  manager  of  the  French  Gulch  M.  Co., 
says  he  will  put  in  a  dredger  and  plant  of 
machinery  large  enough  to  handle  3000 
to  4000  cubic  yards  of  earth  per  day.  The 
company  owns  350  acres  of  placer  ground 
near  Breckenridge  and  Is  only  working 
part  time  at  present,   on  account  of  the 

scarcity  of  water. The  Gold   Pan  Co. 

has  closed  down  after  a  successful  run 
during  the  summer. 

M.  W.  Hoyle  has  a  lease  on  the  Puzzle 
mine  and  is  cleaning  same  out  preparatory 
to  operating.  The  tunnel  Is  In  2200  feet, 
and  they  are  running  a  crosscut  from  the 
breast  of  the  tunnel  to  cut  another  vein. 
The  breast  of  the  tunnel  is  in  sulphide  ore 
at  280  feet  below  the  surface.  He  expects 
to  put  in  a  compressor  later  on. 

J.  B  Conrad  has  a  lease  on  the  Atlantic 
claim  of  the  Washington  group,  and  has  a 
shaft  25  feet  deep,  and  reports  striking  a 
vein  of  ore.  It  will  be  necessary  to  put  In 
a  pump  before  sinking  the  shaft  deeper. 
The  property  is  in  Illinois  gulch,  near 
Dillon. 

C.  S.  Newsom  has  a  lease  on  the  Wash- 
ington mill  and  proposes  to  enlarge  the 
same.  He  has  twenty  stamps  dropping  at 
present. 

Breckenridge,  Aug.  17. 

The  Oro  Grande  Placer  M.  Co.  will  in- 
stall a  steam  shovel  for  removing  the  rocks 
from  the  pit,  which  will  do  away  with 
hand  work. 

Dillon,  Aug.  17. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Tilli- 
cum  M.  Co.  has  seven  claims  8  miles 
northeast  of  Dillon,  In  the  Blue  River 
range,  4  miles  from  the  Continental  Di- 
vide, which  they  are  developing.  The  ore 
is  low  grade,  but  they  have  a  large  body 
of  the  same.  T.  Hamilton  has  charge  of 
the  work. 

Dillon,  Aug.  18. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 
Fifty  miners  went  to  work  at  the  El 
Paso  Con.  mine  at  Cripple  Creek  on  the 
19th  under  protection  of  an  armed  guard, 
part  of  which  was  furnished  by  the  sheriff 
of  Teller  county  and  part  by  the  Mine 
Owners'  Association.  Men  armed  with 
rifles  are  guarding  the  shaft  house  and  all 
of  the  approaches  to  the  mine,  refusing 
admittance  to  all  not  actually  employed 
there.  This  action  Is  in  the  nature  of  a 
test,  and  if  no  Interference  is  made  by  the 
union  miners  it  is  understood  that  a  num- 
ber of  leading  mines  will  attempt  to  re- 
sume operations  at  once.    Provisions  have 


been  sent  to  the  El  Paso  mine,  It  being 
the  purpose  of  the  operators  to  keep  the 
miners  on  the  property  during  the  labor 
difficulty.  Work  was  also  resumed  on  the 
drainage  tunnel  under  the  same  condi- 
tions, the  union  having  called  Superin- 
tendent Balnbridge's  men  out  on  the  13th. 
At  the  Portland  mine,  which  employed 
525  men,  President  Burns  says  he  has 
nailed  up  the  shaft  and  the  property  wll 
be  closed  for  an  Indefinite  period.  Electric 
lights  have  been  placed  at  all  points  about 
the  mine,  which  will  be  lighted  at  night 
so  that  no  one  can  approach  within  a  cer- 
tain limit  and  not  be  observed.  It  Is  esti- 
mated 500  teamsters  and  ore  handlers  are 
out  of  work  because  of  the  strike  The 
C.  K.  &  M.,  the  Old  Gold  and  the  Valley 
City  are  working,  as  they  ship  to  the  Dor- 
cas mill  at  Florence,  which  is  union. 

The  Burns,  Shannon  and  Howbert  In- 
terests in  the  Portland  mine  at  Victor 
have  been  sold  to  W.  K.  Ryan  of  New 
York,  for  the  Whitney-Ryan  syndicate 
and  the  Guggenheim  Exploration  Co  ,  the 
price  being  reported  at  $5,000,000. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Enterprise  M.  Co., 
operating  under  the  streets  and  alleys  of 
Cripple  Creek,  have  taken  a  lease  on  the 
Trachyte  mine  from  the  Practical  M  Co. 
They  also  have  a  block  on  the  Deadwood 
mine  of  the  Woods  Investment  Co.,  and 
will  begin  to  thoroughly  prospect  these 
holdings. 

J.  Erlsman,  manager  of  the  Blue  Flag 
M.  Co.'s  mines  on  Bull  hill,  Cripple  Creek, 
says  sinking  on  the  Blue  Flag  claim  will 
be  continued  indefinitely.  The  shaft  Is 
down  100  feet.  Next  month  they  will  In- 
crease their  plant  by  two  80  H.  P.  boilers 
and  heavier  hoisting  machinery. 

IDAHO. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 

M.  H.  Llpman  reports  at  his  Point 
Lookout  group  of  mines,  near  Hailey,  the 
face  of  the  drift  had  cut  2  feet  of  galena 
and  gray  copper,  carrying  native  silver. 
The  discovery  was  at  a  depth  of  360  feet 
below  the  cropplngs. 

The  Queen  Hills  M.  Co.  has  been  Incor- 
porated at  Hailey,  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness at  Bellevue,  with  J.  A.  Schenck,  J. 
Rees,  T.  Naggs,  G.  D.  Rees,  L.  T.  Witty, 
and  R.  M.  Barnes  of  Memphis,  Mo.,  and 
R.  B.  French  and  D.  Whltner  of  Bellevue, 
as  directors 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

Manager  Dorsey  has  let  a  contract  on 
the  Independence  mine  at  Pearl,  and  has 
also  put  men  to  work  on  the  Highland 
Mary  and  the  Blue  Bucket,  that  he  Is  de- 
veloping. The  shaft  has  come  into  ore  at 
125  feet. 

W.  Gibbs  has  a  lease  on  the  LUiputian 
quartz  claim  on  Willow  creek,  near  Idaho 
City,  and  has  started  work.  There  Is  a 
1 -stamp  mill  at  the  mine. 

ELMORE  COUNTY. 

It  Is  reported  the  Atlantic  M.  Co.  will 
build  a  100  stamp  mill  on  its  group  near 
Mountainhome.  The  Monarch  mine  shaft 
will  be  sunk  an  additional  200  feet.  A  new 
hoisting  cable  1000  feet  in  length  has  been 
put  onto  the  drum.  The  shaft  at  the 
Monarch  is  down  600  feet.  The  company 
has  twenty-five  men  at  work  at  Its  mines. 

The  Big  Lode  M.  Co.,  operating  at  At- 
lanta, will  start  Its  twenty  stamps  drop- 
ping thlB  week. 

A  10-stamp  mill  will  be  built  at  Atlaita 
by  the  Queen  River  Con.  M.  Co.,  says  the 
Tribune. 

LATAH     COUNTY. 

G.  B.  Dennis  has  secured  control  of  the 
Muscovite  mica  mines,  15  miles  from  Voll- 
mer  (Troy),  and  expects  to  start  opera- 
tions within  a  month  working  twenty 
miners  and  about  forty  girls.  The  mine 
was  worked  regularly  until  1896,  when  it 
was  closed.  The  vein  Is  an  upright  ledge 
between  walls  of  mica  slate  and  granite, 
8  to  12  feet  wide,  the  pay  being  continu- 
ous for  450  feet.  Development  consists  of 
shaft  and  tunnels,  3500  feet  of  work  hav- 
ing been  done. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 

At  Lewiston,  D.  T.  Denton  of  Duluth 
and  R.  B.  Hlbbs  have  bought  200  acres  of 
placer  ground  on  Snake  creek  in  the 
Pierce  district.  Mr.  Denton  is  president 
of  the  Alder  Creek  M.  Co.  and  Mr.  Hlbbs 
Is  the  manager  of  the  company's  proper- 
ties on  Reed  creek.  It  is  the  purpose  to 
hydraulic  In  the  spring. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Happy 
Day,  a  prospect  northeast  of  the  Hercules, 
near  Wallace. 

The  Sunrise  M.  &  D.  Co  ,  whose  prop- 
erty is  northwest  of  the  Hercules,  con- 
sists of  three  claims  owned  by  O.  C. 
Smith.     The  tunnel  Is  in  130  feet. 

The  Eagle  Peaks  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  to  work  mines  about  12 
miles  from  De  Borgia,  on  the  summit  of 
the  Bitter  Root  range.  H.  Topping  of 
Newark,  Ohio,  is  the  principal  incor- 
porator. 

The  Toledo  syndicate  which  has  bought 
the  Simmons-Avery  group  at  Beartop, 
near  Murray,  will  be  known  as  the  Bear- 


122 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22,  1903. 


top  M.  Co.  Manager  C.  C.  Groesbeck  is 
superintending  the  installation  of  the 
machinery.  An  assay  office  is  to  he  estab- 
lished by  the  company. 

The  Wonder  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated to  operate  a  group  of  five  claims 
2  miles  from  Gem.  A  tunnel  is  being  run 
in  150  feet  to  tap  the  ledge.  Stewart  & 
Howard  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  with  J.  P. 
Howarth,  P.  Luela,  W.  A.  Hostetter,  J. 
E,  Thompson,  S.  R.  Cooper  and  P.  P. 
Greene  are  incorporators. 

The  option  which  members  of  the  Em- 
pire State-Idaho  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  held  on 
30%  of  the  Black  Hawk  M.  Co.  has  been 
taken  up.  The  Black  Hawk  is  near  Gov- 
ernment gulch,  near  Wardner,  and  con- 
tains a  body  of  high-grade  galena  ore. 
The  property  is  being  developed  by  a  tun- 
nel that  is  in  over  200  feet. 

The  Moose  Creek  Placer  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  at  Wallace  to  operate  a 
group  of  placer  claims  on  Moose  creek  by 
P.  J.  Short,  L.  L.  Sweet,  O.  M.  Gaut,  J. 
P.  Moffatt,  D.  Beardon,  P.  Bourke  and 
K.  Powers. 

The  Sonora  M.  Co.  has  let  a  contract 
for  a  100  foot  extension  of  its  tunnel  to  P. 
Brady. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  New 
Hope  mine,  2  miles  below  Osburn. 

MICHIGAN. 

Calumet  reports  say  the  production  of 
copper  of  the  Lake  Superior  mines  in 
July  was  less  than  16  500,000  pounds. 
There  is  little  metal  in  sight  for  the  dis- 
trict and  it  is  thought  some  of  the  mines 
are  not  producing  to  their  full  capacity, 
and  that  the  companies  are  withholding 
their  copper  until  prices  advance. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

Last  week  the  Arcadian  mill,  near  Han- 
cock, went  out  of  commission,  the  Tri- 
mountain  having  shipped  the  last  carload 
and  tbe  cleanup  being  finished.  It  is 
thought  the  Centennial  may  use  the  mill. 

The  work  of  ballasting  the  extension  of 
the  Hecla  &  Torch  Lake  Bailroad  to  the 
site  of  the  proposed  shaft  on  the  Kear- 
sarge  lode,  near  the  northern  limit  of  the 
Calumet  &  Hecla  Co.'s  property,  began 
last  week;  also  the  laying  of  the  5-inch 
air  main  north  from  No.  7  shaft  is  under 
way. 

The  Osceola  Con.  M.  Co.  is  operating 
five  shafts  double  shift,  four  at  the  Kear- 
sarge  and  No.  6  at  the  Osceola,  near  Calu- 
met. At  the  mill  six  heads  are  in  opera- 
tion. Electric  haulage  may  be  introduced 
in  the  Kearsarge.  The  exploratory  winze 
from  the  twelfth  or  bottom  level  of  the 
Tamarack  Junior  branch  of  the  Osceola 
Con.  is  down  336  feet  from  that  level. 
Pour  hundred  feet  more  will  carry  It  to 
the  boundary  winze  sunk  on  the  plane  of 
the  lode. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 
At  the  Adventure  mine,  at  Greenland, 
the  rock  at  present  being  taken  out  is 
being  sorted  and  the  mineral  yield  is  bet- 
ter than  any  that  has  been  reported  since 
the  stamp  mill  started  operations.  Ten 
drills  are  being  employed  in  enlarging  the 
mine  openings,  and  sinking  is  being  con- 
fined to  No.  1  and  No  3  shafts.  Drifting 
and  stoping  is  under  way  in  the  Butler 
tunnel  on  the  Evergreen  lode,  and  three 
drills  are  opening  stopes  on  the  Butler 
lode.  The  present  rock  shipments  aggre- 
gate 700  tons  daily,  as  against  1500  tons 
which  were  shipped  early  in  the  year,  but 
of  higher  grade. 

MISSOURI. 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

The  Luke  &  Brown  M.  Co.  of  Carthage 
has  been  Incorporated  by  J.  Luke,  J. 
Brown  and  B.  Ash. 

McMunnigal  &  Co.,  operating  a  prospect 
on  the  Burgner  land,  near  Webb  City, 
cleaned  thirty-two  wagon  loads  of  dirt 
last  week  on  hand  jigs,  and  made  10,180 
poundB    of    lead    and    19,030   pounds    of 

jack. Edwards    &  Co  ,  operating   the 

Slaight  &  McConey  mill  on  the  Missouri 
Zinc  Fields  ground,  propose  to  work  in 
their  own  ground,  as  the  pump  will  be  put 

in  operation  by  the  Zinc  Fields  Co. The 

Wanner  L.  &  Z.  Co.  has  started  its  mill, 
and  an  air  drift  is  being  cut  from  the  mill 
shaft  to  the  pump  shaft. 

Dodge  &  Patton  are  building  another 
mill  east  of  the  Holy  Smoke  on  the  Aylor 
tract  at  Alba,  which  is  the  third  mill  for 

this  firm The  MajeBtic  mill,  north  of 

Webb  City,  has  been  remodeled,  and  it 
is  producing  thirty-five  tons  of  jack  and 
ten  tons  of  lead  weekly,  says  Superintend- 
ent Nicholson. 

MONTANA. 

BEAVERHEAD  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— At  the  Birch 
Creek  smelter  of  the  Western  M.  Co., 
operating  the  Indian  Queen  mine  near 
Dillon,  Superintendent  G.  A.  Heberlein  is 
treating  42  3  tons  of  dry  ore  per  day,  and 
shipping  twenty  tons  of  matte  every  four 
dayB.     The  matte  assays  55%  copper,  30- 


40  ounces  silver,  and  0.10-0.25  ounces  gold. 
T.  P.  Stevens  is  manager  of  the  company. 

Dillon,  Aug.  17. 

FLATHEAD    COUNTY. 

Greenough  &  Larson,  who  own  mines 
in  the  Coeur  d'Alene  country,  have  a 
bond  on  the  B.  &  B.  mine  at  Troy,  and 
are  working  thirty  men.  It  is  a  silver- 
lead  proposition  and  they  expect  to  ship 
the  ore. 

At  the  Abbey  mine,  near  Kalispell,  the 
steam  hoiBt  used  at  the  Kendall  mine  is 
being  used  to  sink  the  new  shaft.  The 
future  work  of  the  company  in  develop- 
ing the  property  will  be  decided  by  the 
results  of  the  development  work  now  in 
progress.  E.  Johnson  is  in  charge. 
GRANITE  COUNTY. 

L  Evans  and  J.  J.  Fitzpatrick  of  Butte, 
who  have  a  lease  on  the  Southern  Cross 
mine  in  Georgetown  district,  near  Phil- 
lipsburg,  have  bought  the  Twilight  mill 
and  fitted  it  up.  The  cyanide  process  will 
be  used.  Mr.  Fitzpatrick,  one  of  the 
leasers,  has  been  experimenting  with  the 
ores  from  this  mine  for  a  year  and  be- 
lieves he  has  solved  the  problem  of  ex- 
tracting the  values.  The  mill  was  Btarted 
up  Monday.  The  Southern  Cross  adjoins 
the  Cable  mine  on  the  west. 

The  Montana  G.  M.  Co.  has  again 
started  its  mill  on  the  Sunday  mine  in 
Royal  district,  near  Phillipsburg.  The 
mill  was  closed  three  months  ago  to  allow 
of  Binking  from  the  120  foot  level  another 
100  feet,  and  since  sinking  the  company 
has  been  drifting  and  raising,  Bays  Super- 
intendent P.  O.  White.  This  develop- 
ment filled  the  ore  binB,  no  stoping  being 
done  but  development  work  being  con- 
tinued until  there  is  300  feet  of  work  from 
the  220-foot  station.  The  first  stope  was 
started  last  week  from  one  of  the  raises, 
the  ore  being  30  incheB  wide  and  assaying 
$30. 

Pull  operations  are  again  under  way  at 
the  Bimetallic  mine  and  mill  at  Granite, 
with  seventy  -  five  men  at  work.  The 
number  of  men  in  the  mine  will  be  in- 
creased.    P.  A.  Fusz  is  manager. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 
The  Big  Indian  M.  Co.,  operating  a 
group  of  mines  near  Basin,  report  having 
made  a  cleanup  last  week  of  $6300  from  a 
two  weeks  run  of  the  60-stamp  mill. 
From  the  previous  fourteen  days  run 
they  cleaned  up  $7000.  At  an  expense  of 
$12,  1000  tons  of  ore  were  blasted  down 
from  the  pit  to  the  ore  house  at  one  time, 
says  the  Basin  Progress.  The  holes  are 
bored  with  long  augers,  the  ground  being 
too  soft  for  the  use  of  drills.  The  com- 
pany will  start  operations  on  a  new  ore 
body  developed  by  the  south  tunnel. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

The  Inter-Mountain  reports  Mrs.  Gil- 
roy  has  bought  the  Gold  Coin  quartz 
mine  and  has  put  men  at  developing  and 
running  a  tunnel  to  tap  the  lead.  The 
ore  carries  gold,  silver  and  copper. 
MADISON  COUNTY. 

L.  D  McCall  has  men  putting  up  the 
TJ.  S.  Grant  mill  near  Virginia  City.  In 
the  mine  he  is  driving  one  of  the  tunnels. 
T.  Port,  superintendent  of  the  North  Da- 
kota Co  which  has  a  lease  and  bond  on  a 
group  of  claims  in  Hungry  Hollow,  haB 
men  at  work  opening  them  up. 

A  lease  and  bond  has  been  given  on  the 
Bell  and  Grand  Union  ciaims,  near  Vir- 
ginia City,  to  Merrill  &  St.  Johns  of  Ta- 
coma,  Wash.  The  Bell  is  bonded  for 
$25,000  and  the  Grand  Union  for  837,500. 
G.  St.  John  has  put  men  to  work  in  the 
tunnel. 

C.  T.  Weidman  has  bought  a  5-stamp 
mill  for  his  mine  near  Pony. 

The  preliminary  work  on  the  U.  S. 
Grant  mill  and  cyanide  plant  near  Vir- 
ginia City  iB  progressing  rapidly.  The 
foundations  are  finished. 

The  electric  drill  lately  installed  at  the 
Garnet  Co.'s  plant,  2  miles  from  Pony,  is 
working  and  the  tunnel  has  advanced  80 
feet.  It  will  be  driven  1500  feet.  Within 
that  distance  four  veins  will  be  crossed. 
At  about  1500  feet  the  Galena  vein  will  be 
cut  at  a  depth  of  600  feet,  and  300  feet 
lower  than  the  present  workings.  The 
Garnet  20-stamp  mill  will  run  on  custom 
ore  from  the  Bozeman,  owned  by  the  Mc- 
Kitterick  estate,  and  other  mines  in  the 
neighborhood,  including  the  Proctor- 
Knott  group,  Elkhorn  and  Iola. 

Operations  are  again  under  way  on  the 
Old  Joe  group  of  mines  on  Mineral  hill, 
near  Pony.  The  first  class  ore  will  be 
shipped  to  the  smelters,  while  the  concen- 
trating ore  will  be  hauled  to  the  Straw- 
berry mill,  2  miles  above  Pony.  L.  B. 
Olds  is  superintendent. 

PARK  COUNTY. 

At  the  Horseshoe  Camp,  16  miles  north- 
west of  Cooke,  the  Elmen  -  Burke  ■  J.  de 
Bernard  Co.  of  Red  Lodge  has  secured 
control  of  280  acres  of  placer  ground  in  a 
gulch,  and  conditions  are  favorable  for 
hydraulic  mining.  A  stamp  mill  of  10-ton 
daily  canacity  will  be  placed  in  operation 
on  the  Klondike  free-milling  gold  claim. 


NEVADA. 

EUREKA  COUNTY. 

The  Lincoln  M.  Co.,  owning  a  group  of 

lead  and  silver  claims  at  Phillipsburg,  in 

in   Diamond   district,    18  miles  north  of 

Eureka,  has  Incorporated  at  Carson  City. 

HUMBOLDT   COUNTY. 

The  mill  of  the  Sheba  M.  Co.,  south  of 
Mill  City,  is  running  but  not  to  full 
capacity,  on  account  of  shortage  of  water. 
The  lower  tunnel  to  tap  the  Sheba  ledge 
is  in  790  feet  and  it  is  expected  the  ledge 
will  be  reached  by  Oct.  1st. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  Empire  Con.  M.  Co.  has  been  In- 
corporated to  operate  the  Mountain  Jewel 
group  of  mines,  near  Searchlight,  by 
W.  H.  Puller  and  J.  F.  Dexter  of  "Los  An- 
geles, Cal.,  and  J.  Flynn,  E  B.  Scott  and 
H.  Oster  of  Searchlight.  Tbe  Mountain 
Jewel  group  consists  of  five  claims  and  the 
Badger  group  of  six.  A.  A.  Ross  is  super- 
intendent. 

NYE  COUNTY. 

The  Pactolus  mine,  in  Pactolus  district, 
near  Tonopab,  has  been  shut  down,  and  so 
far  as  the  Salt  Lake  Co.,  which  has  a  bond 
on  it,  is  concerned,  It  Is  uncertain  when 
operations  will  be  resumed,  says  the  Trib- 
une. One  thing  which  has  been  a  hin- 
drance to  the  development  of  the  region 
is  its  isolation.  The  camp  is  out  in  the 
desert,  where  water  and  transportation 
advantages  are  scarce. 

C.  Peters  says  he  is  arranging  to  put  in 
a  mill  of  10-ton  capacity  at  his  mine  at 
Ellsworth,  10  miles  west  of  Berlin.  The 
shaft  is  down  50  feet  and  a  ledge  2  feet 
wide  carrying  gold  values  has  been  opened 
up.  Near  the  Peters  mine,  the  Piute  mine, 
owned  by  New  York  men,  is  being  opened 
up.  A  mill  with  capacity  of  twenty-five 
tons  a  day  is  being  put  up. The  Phelps- 
Stokes  property  at  Berlin  is  working  150 
men. 

The  Timber  Hill  M.  &  M.  Co.  is  tak- 
ing out  ore  for  shipment  to  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah,  via  Austin,  and  first  shipment 
was  made  this  week.     The  company  will 

put  on   more  men. The  Salt  Lake  & 

Willow  Springs  M.  Co.  is  preparing  to 
put  men  to  work  on  a  group  of  claims 
which  have  a  Bhowing  of  gold  and  copper. 
Timber  Hill  is  12  miles  from  San  Antonio 
and  35  mi  es  north  of  Tonopah,  in  the 
same  range  of  mountains,  says  the  Austin 
Reveille. 

STOREY  COUNTY. 
The  Con.  Cal  &  Virginia  and  the  Ophir 
mines  at  Virginia  City  have  been  consoli- 
dated under  one  management,  with  J.  R. 
Ryan  as  superintendent. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 
Work  on  the  Desert  King  and  Wede- 
kind  minea  near  Reno,  owned  by  J.  Sparks, 
Ib  progressing.  There  are  thirty  men  em- 
ployed. The  work  under  way  Is  develop- 
ment exclusively,  principally  sinking  the 
main  shaft,  which  will  be  put  down  to  the 
1000- foot  point  and  drifts  extended  on  the 

vein. The  Con.    Nevada,    owning  the 

adjoining  properties  to  the  Wedekind 
mine,  is  meeting  with  delays  in  sinking, 
owing  to  bad  air  in  the  shaft.  Plans  are 
being  made  to  overcome  this  by  putting 
in  blowers  to  be  run  by  electricity.  The 
company  is  al»o  considering  using  a  dia- 
mond drill  outfit. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

The  Wide  West  M.  Co.  is  running 
drifts  on  a  body  of  free  milling  gold  ore 
from  the  bottom  of  the  winze  and  stoping 
in  the  upper  tunnel  in  the  Wide  West 
mine,  in  Cocomungo  district,  near  Cherry 
Creek,  says  the  Cherry  Creek  Miner.  A 
lower  tunnel  will  be  run  200  feet  below  the 
present  workings,  to  tap  the  ledge  below 
the  level  of  the  winze,  to  which  an  up- 
raise will  he  made  for  air  connection. 
The  company's  mill  was  started  up  this 
week. 

The  Last  Hope  and  Columbia  mines, 
near  Ely,  have  been  Bold  to  the  White 
Pine  Copper  Co.  for  $10,000.  These 
claims   show   gold    and    copper  -  bearing 

quartz Work  is  progressing  at   Pilot 

Knob,  with  the  station  at  450-foot  level  of 
the  Giroux  shaft  being  cut. 

The  Bimetallic  group  in  Dolly  Varden 
mining  district,  near  Cherry  creek,  has 
been  incorporated  under  Nevada  laws  by 
Butte,  Mont.,  and  Eastern  men,  and  will 
put  men  at  work  this  week  on  ItB  copper 
properties,  says  the  Cherry  Creek  Miner. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

A  group  of  the  Abbott  &  Mason  claims, 
west  of  Stein's  Pass,  have  been  sold  to  the 
Arizona  Line  M.  Co. 

The  Gem  Turquoise  Co.,  under  Man- 
ager Parker,  is  operating  in  the  Burro 
mountains,  near  Silver  City.  Several  new 
turquoise  mines  are  being  developed  in  the 
central  Burro  district. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  mill  at  the  Helen  Rae  mine  at 
White  Oaks  is  being  repaired  preparatory 


to  resuming  work,  says  the  New  Mexican. 
Additional  machinery  has  been  placed  in 
the  mine  and  an  improved  method  for 
treating  the  ores  installed.  Work  is  also 
to  be  resumed  on  the  Parsons  mine. 

A  strike  of  oil  is  reported  made  in  the 
well  of  the  New  Mexico  Oil  &  D.  Co.,  near 
Flat  Top  mountain,  at  Carrlzozo.  The 
strike  was  made  at  depth  of  320  feet. 

OTERO    COUNTY. 
E.  A.  Hersperger  of  Alamogordo,  who 
has  a  lease  on  the  Garnett  mine  at  Jarilla, 

has  Btarted    operations. E.  Knight  is 

developing  a  manganese  mine  near  Tula- 
rosa. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

The  reduction  plant  at  Tecolote  was 
completed  last  week,  says  the  New  Mexi- 
can. The  mill  will  test  a  new  process, 
which  1b  claimed  to  lessen  the  cost  of  treat- 
ing the  low-grade  copper  ore  of  the  Teco- 
lote district.  It  has  a  capacity  of  twenty- 
five  tons  a  day.  A  150-ton  plant  will  be 
erected  later.  Standish  &  Matt  are  build- 
ing a  lixiviating  plant  to  treat  low  grade 
copper  ores. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

LaBt  week  men  were  put  to  work  by  the 
Prosper  G.  M.  &  M.  Co  at  Hlllsboro  to 
open  up  the  100  and  200  foot  levels.  The 
mill  has  been  repaired. 

TAOS  COUNTY. 

C.  Garner  Is  developing  the  Hornet  mine 
near  Red  River. S  M  Malette  is  devel- 
oping the  Boggy  lode,  3  miles  below  Red 
river. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

Work  was  resumed  on  the  Golden  Rule 
mine  last  week,  which  has  been  idle  for 
four  years,  with  A.  Hillier,  half  owner,  as 
superintendent.  The  Golden  Rule  is  in 
Cable  Cove  district,  near  Sumpter.  Hil- 
lier's  plan  of  development  is  to  abandon 
the  old  workings  and  move  farther  down 
the  mountain  and  start  a  crosscut,  which 
in  400  feet  is  expected  to  tap  the  vein  at 
depth  of  450  feet. 

Superintendent  Townsend  of  the  Cali- 
fornia mine,  near  Sumpter,  says  the  mill 
began  operations  this  week.  The  capacity 
will  be  100  tons  a  day.  The  building  and 
machinery  were  arranged  to  increase  the 
capacity  should  conditions  demand. 

Chloride  of  silver,  with  some  gold  in  the ' 
quartz,  is  reported  struck  in  the  tunnel 
being  driven  on  the  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico 
group,  adjoining  the  Midway  mine,  near 
Sumpter,  by  Superintendent  E.  P.  Smith. 
The  quartz  vein  has  a  width  of  6  feet. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 
The  St.  Helens  &  Galice  M.  Co.,  oper- 
ating on  Galice  creek,  near  Grants  Pass, 
report  making  preparations  for  comple- 
tion of  the  reservoir  at  the  head  of  the 
high  ditch;  enlarging  of  all  ditches  and 
flumes,  putting  in  an  additional  hydraulic 
plant  and  derrick  and  a  general  increase 
In  the  facilities  for  operating  at  Galice 
creek,  including  the  cutting  and  hauling 
of  25,000  feet  of  lumber  for  the  next  sea- 
son's work;  also  deepening  the  bedrock 
cuts,  says  the  Courier. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 
Manager  Ratte  of  the  Ivanhoe  G  M.  & 
M.  Co.,  a  consolidation  of  the  Ivanhoe 
and  Chilcoot  groups  of  mines,  says  the 
company  1b  preparing  to  put  up  a  steam 
hoisting  plant,  with  air  compressor  and 
machine  dri  la.  The  mines  are  9  miles  - 
east  from  Custer. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

The  Columbia  Commercial  G.  M.  &  M. 
Co.  has  been  organized  by  Deadwood  and 
Eastern  parties  to  operate  on  Polo  peak,  . 
Miller  gulch,  3  miles  northwest  of  Dead- 
wood,  i  he  company  owns  260  acres  sur-  , 
rounding  the  peak,  on  which  some  shal- 
low shafts  and  tunnels  have  shown  bodies 
of  quartzite  ore  The  company  Intends 
to  build  a  cyanide  plant  later  on.  E.  Mc- 
Laughlin is  president,  W.  McLaughlin 
vice-president  and  treasurer,  and  O.  U. 
Pryce  secretary. 

The  Canton  M.  Co.  having  struck 
water  in  the  shaft  being  sunk  on  itB  Can- 
ton vein,  near  Deadwood,  ceased  work  on 
the  same.  The  tunnel  which  was  being 
driven  from  the  south  end  of  the  vein  has 
also  been  stopped  for  the  time  being,  and 
work  1b  being  done  on  the  north  end  of 
the  same  vein,  a  mile  distant  from  the 
former  workings.  The  proposed  mlllsite 
for  the  company  is  in  Patterson  gulch,  at  ' 
the  extreme  north  end  of  its  group,  and 
it  is  from  thiB  gulch  that  the  tunnel  is 
being  driven. 

J.  S.  Ford  and  J.  Thompson  of  Chicago, 
111.,  part  owners  in  the  Hercules  M.  Co., 
are  arranging  to  resume  operations  at 
their  holdingB  In  Two  Bit  gulch,  near 
Deadwood,  says  the  Lead  Call. 

PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 
The  Standby  mine  at  Rochford  is  idle, 
but  it  is  reported   that  the  Ajax  M.  Co., 
owner  of  the  property,   proposes  to  re- 


August  22,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


123 


eume. The  Ohlo-Deadwood   M.   Co.   U 

preparing  to  resume  work  on  its  grounds 
above  Rochford,  along  Little  Rapid  creek. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 

Development  work  will  be  resumed  at 
the  Sheep  Rock  M.  Co.'s  properties  on 
Indian  creek,  near  Mllford,  before  Sep- 
tember 1. 

The  mill  at  the  Horn  Silver  mine  at 
Frieco  has  been  started  up  again  after  a 
shutdown  of  several  weeks,  says  Secre- 
tary Morris. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

The  American  Asphalt  Co.  reports 
operations  progressing  on  their  holdings 
in  the  White  River  country,  near  Price. 
Manager  Barron,  with  headquarters  at 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  says  he  has  twenty-eight 
six-horse  teams  on  the  road,  transporting 
the  product  from  its  ground  on  the  Cow- 
boy vein,  which  is  between  the  claims  of 
the  St.  Louis  company.  The  product  of 
these  mines  (gilsonlte)  is  used  by  the  wire 
manufacturers  as  a  coating  to  prevent 
rust,  and  bicycle  manufacturers  use  it  for 
varnish  and  enamel. 

IRON   COUNTY. 

W.  W.  Cook  of  Frisco,  Beaver  county, 
has  taken  an  option  on  the  Indigo  Blue 
group,  south  of  Indian  peak,  near  -tate- 
llne,  for  830,000.  It  la  etated  the  group 
shows  a  3-foot  vein  that  carries  copper, 
gold,  lead  and  silver. 

JUAB  COUNTY. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Yankee  Con. 
M.  Co.  at  Eureka  shows  net  earnings  of 
118,893.60,  besides  an  expenditure  of  $6000 
for  a  compressor  plant.  During  the  year 
5373  tons  of  first-class  ore  netting  $16  per 
ton  was  sold,  and  3059  tons  of  second-claas 
which  netted  $4.20  per  ton.  L.  A.  Ams- 
den  continues  as  manager. 

The  South  Swansea  M.  Co.  at  Eureka 
has  given  up  the  development  of  the  lower 
levels  of  that  property  and  the  manage- 
ment haa  ordered  the  pumps  withdrawn, 
Baya  the  Tribune,  the  reason  given  being 
that  the  ore  found  below  Is  not  of  grade 
sufficient  to  stand  the  expense. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 
Work  will  he  resumed  on  the  Trapper's 
Pride  mine  in  Gold  Mountain  district, 
near  Marysvale,  says  Manager  P.  M. 
Maudsen  of  Salt  Lake  City.  A.  D.  Me- 
Lain  is  superintendent  and  has  ten  men  at 
work  cleaning  out  and  will  retimber  the 
working  tunnel,  which  has  been  run  into 
the  mountain  1500  feet,  after  which  It  will 
be  extended. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

Preparations  are  being  made  to  resume 
operations  on  the  International  copper 
mine,  in  La  Sal  mining  dlatrict,  with 
S.  A.  King  of  Provo  aa  manager. 

SALT  LAKE   COUNTY. 

The  Continental  M.  &  S.  Co.  has  incor- 
porated in  New  York,  with  H.  M.  Crow- 
ther  of  Salt  Lake  City  aa  preaident  and 
manager  and  G.  C.  Van  Alstyne  secretary 
and  treasurer,  to  operate  the  Continen tal- 
Alta  mine  at  Alta.  In  the  crosscut  from 
the  In' ermediata  tunnel  the  ore  recently 
cut  shows  42  ounces  Bilver,  15%  lead  and 
$1  gold  per  ton.  They  also  have  some 
copper  ore. 

The  cyanide  plant  on  the  property  of 
the  New  Mammoth  M.  Co.  in  Bingham 
haa  been  bought  by  J.  M.  Swem  and  is  to 
be  dismantled. 

OperationB  are  to  be  resumed  at  the 
Butterfield  mines  at  Bingham,  says  the 
Bulletin.  The  low-grade  ore  will  be 
hauled  out  through  the  Queen  tunnel  and 
the  Queen  mill  will  be  improved  by  the 
addition  of  a  concentuatlng  floor  and 
change  of  process. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 
Manager  G.  H.  Dern  of  the  Con.  Mer- 
cur  mine  at  Mercur  says  he  expects  to 
have  the  remodeled  reduction  plant  in 
operation  by  the  15th,  the  slimes  settling 
tanks  being  ready. 

UTAH  COUNTY. 

The  Black  Vault  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated at  Provo  to  operate  the  Dad  Lan- 
der, Peter  Elliott,  Bishop,  Huish  and 
Judge  Dana  claims,  in  El  Dorado  mining 
district.  M.  M.  Warner,  A.  Smith,  N.  C. 
Larsen;  W.  E.  Cooper  and  W.  P.  DaviB 
are  officera. 

The  Milkmaid  mine,  near  American 
Forks,  will  have  a  milling  plant,  Bay  the 
owners,  W.  &  H.  Green  and  J.  R.  Reeve. 
There  is  a  sufficient  supply  of  water  for  a 
mill  flowing  out  of  the  tunnel.  The  ores 
exposed  in  the  Milkmaid  carry  values 
principally  In  lead,  but  also  contain  gold, 
silver  and  copper. 

WASHINGTON. 

KITTITAS   COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — At  Roslyn 
measures  of  bituminous  coal  furniBh  em- 
ployment for  many  men  and  supply  steam 


fuel.  The  output  this  year  will  be  nearly 
2,000,000  tons. 

Under  the  direction  of  R.  Young  men 
are  opening  a  ledge  of  Iron  ore  on  the  Cle 
Elum  river. 

W.  A.  Denny  and  G.  W.  Gallagher  are 
opening  a  promlslog  group  of  ten  copper 
claims  along  the  mineralized  belt  from 
head  of  Tannea  way  to  Camp  creek. 

The  Fortune,  Dolphin,  La  Veda,  Last 
Chance  and  Copper  Queen  are  paralleled 
by  the  Mountain  View,  Mammoth,  W.  J., 
Uncle  Sam  and  Copper  King  claims,  mak- 
ing a  block  of  ground  7500  feet  in  length 
and  1200  feet  In  width.  Throughout  this 
territory  porphyry  dikes  are  seen  crop- 
ping. The  mineralized  zones  present  the 
same  characteristics,  having  lenticular 
masses  of  ore  that  parallel  the  layers  of 
slate  and  the  strike  of  the  veins  in  the 
porphyry.  These  lenses  are  usually 
found  at  the  junction  of  slate  and  por- 
phyry. Insufficient  development  has 
taken  place  to  allow  of  a  thorough  ex- 
amination. Considerable  ore  has  been 
shipped  from  this  district. 

East  of  the  Cle  Elum  dlatrict,  25  miles, 
and  in  the  north  central  section  of  Kitti- 
tas county,  la  the  Swauk  mining  district. 
For  the  past  twenty-five  years  a  constant 
revenue  has  been  derived  from  the  wash- 
ing of  the  stream  gravels  and  talus  slope. 
Some  quartz  mining  has  been  done  there, 
but  the  principal  revenue  of  the  miners 
has  been  obtained  from  the  placer  mines 
along  Swauk,  Boulder  and  Williams 
creeks.  Nuggets  worth  $1200  have  been 
taken  out,  and  a  great  many  ranging  in 
value  from  $100  to  $250  have  been  picked 
up.  There  is  no  authentic  record  of  the 
gold  taken  from  these  placers,  but  It  goes 
into  the  hundreds  of  thousanda.  The 
gold  is  mostly  coarse,  and  in  the  talua 
alopea  adjacent  to  the  veina  from  which  it 
waa  derived,  is  frequently  angular  and 
branching.  Crystalline  specimens,  "leaf 
gold,"  are  often  found. 

Placer  mining  is  being  carried  on  both 
by  sluices,  into  which  the  gravel  Is  Bhov- 
eled,  and  by  hydraulic  methods.  The 
bedrock  in  thia  section  Ib  Tertiary  sand- 
stone and  shales,  highly  inclined,  and 
where  they  have  been  planed  off  by  stream 
action  present  an  uneven  surface,  well 
aulted  to  act  as  natural  "  riffles  "  in  retain- 
ing the  gold  or  other  heavy  minerals.  In 
Borne  ca86B  along  the  larger  streams  the 
great  thickness  of  these  deposits,  and  the 
depth  of  bedrock  below  the  present  water 
flow,  make  them  unfavorable  for  ordi- 
nary hydraulic  mining,  but  where  suf- 
ficiently rich  gravel  is  found  it  Ib  brought 
to  the  surface  and  washed.  In  the  vicin- 
ity of  gold-bearing  veins,  where  bedrock 
Ib  well  above  the  present  streams,  condi- 
tions are  moat  favorable  for  hydraulic 
mining  on  a  large  scale. 

In  the  past  quartz  mining  has  not  re- 
ceived much  attention,  but  ie  now  being 
taken  up  by  men  well  equipped  to  give 
this  branch  of  mining  the  attention  its 
splendid  surface  showing  seems  to  warrant. 

Veins  occur  as  a  casing  on  each  side  of 
vertical  dikes  of  diabase,  and  consist  of 
quartz  and  calcite,  usually  crowded  with 
angular  fragments  of  shale  and  sand- 
stones, which  are  entirely  Beparate  one 
from  another  Considerable  movement 
has  taken  place  as  the  walls  of  diabase 
forming  one  border  of  the  veins  are  gen- 
erally Bllckenslded,  with  a  consequent 
fracturing  of  the  adjacent  stratified  rocks, 
one  wall  being  well  defined,  while  the  oppo- 
site is  usually  Indefinite. 

Cle  Elum,  August  18. 

STEVENS    COUNTY. 

Near  Ryan,  machinery  Is  being  put  in 
by  the  American  Onyx  &  Marble  Co.  at 
their  quarries. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

Preparations  are  being  made  by  the 
Bodie  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Bodie,  to  put 
In  a  mill  and  other  equipment  this  fall.  A 
Bawmill  ib  on  the  ground.  C.  M.  Fassett, 
of  Spokane,  consulting  engineer  for  the 
company,  says  a  cyanide  plant  will  be 
built. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

A  Btrike  is  reported  made  In  the  lower 
tunnel  of  the  Doane-Rambler  mine  at 
Grand  Encampment.  It  la  a  12- inch  shoot 
of  black  oxide  of  copper  in  a  quartz  vein. 
The  ^tna  tunnel  has  also  18  inches  of 
high-grade  ore. 

UINTA  COUNTY. 

At  Fossil  the  Globe,  Fossil  &  Idaho- 
Wyoming  Oil  Co. 's  report  work  progres- 
sing. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

TRANSVAAL. 
At  the  Barnato  group  of  the  Corona- 
tion Syndicate,  in  Heidelberg  district, 
Consulting  Engineer  J.  H.  Johns  says 
that  since  the  Intersection  of  the  reef  In 
No.  2  borehole  on  Edenkop  at  a  depth  of 
267  feet,  when  18  inches  gave  2  ozs.  1  dwt. 
per  ton,  further  investigations  have  sat- 


isfied the  management  that  the  reef 
struck  was  the  Coronation.  Shaft  sink- 
ing has  been  temporarily  stopped,  but 
development  work  is  proceeding.  On 
Blinkpoort  three  holes  are  being  bored 
and  drilling  is  also  proceeding  on  Vlak- 
fonteln,  Rietbult  and  Withoek.  Rustfon- 
tein,  Doornhoek  and  Grootvlel  are  also 
being  exploited.  There  are  seven  diamond 
drills  proving  the  formations  on  the  Coro- 
nation line. 

The  finding  of  "true  diamondlferous 
ground  near  Braamfontein  "  is  reported, 
says  the  South  African  Miner.  Workmen 
employed  In  a  clay  pit  while  making  bricks 
are  alleged  to  have  encountered  "all  the 
mineral  associates  of  the  precious  gema." 
It  Is  further  stated  that  a  gold  reef  runs 
through  the  ground. 

The  De  Beers  Con.  Co.  is  preparing  to 
resume  operations  at  the  Dutoitspan  mine, 
near  Kimberley. 

AUSTRALIA. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

Prospecting  with  a  diamond  drill  at  the 
Great  Boulder  Proprietary,  Edwards 
shaft,  on  the  1200-foot  level,  at  a  depth  of 
1240  feet  from  the  surface,  ore  50  feet  to 
the  east  of  the  boundary  was  struck.  The 
formation  Is  schist.  The  vein  dips  west. 
The  average  width  is  5  feet  and  the  aver- 
age value  is  $62  gold  per  ton.  The  same 
borehole  at  a  depth  of  1300  feet  from  the 
surface  struck  ore  35  feet  to  the  east  of 
the  boundary,  420  feet  south  of  the  main 
Bhaft  weBt  crosscut.  The  width  of  the 
lode  Is  10  feet  6  inches.  The  vein  dips 
6°  eaBt  from  the  vertical.  Average  aa- 
8ay  of  ore  is  $18  per  ton.  Eleven  hun- 
dred feet  of  level  has  been  driven  to  the 
Golden  Horseshoe  boundary  in  the  south 
end  of  section  20.  On  the  1300-foot  level 
In  the  main  shaft,  driving  north,  the  lode 
has  been  found  35  feet  from  the  crosscut. 
The  width  of  the  lode  is  5  feet.  The  aver- 
age is  $18  gold. 

NEW   SOUTH  WALES. 

The  Broken  Hill  Proprietary  mines  at 
Broken  Hill  report  output  for  four  weeks 
ending  July  15  (including  product  from 
ores  purchased)— Refinery  products  for 
same  period:  Fine  silver,  415,383  ounces; 
Boft  lead,  4193  tons;  antimonial  lead  (esti- 
mated), 30  tons.  In  consequence  of  tem- 
porary condensers  doing  satisfactory  work 
the  difficulties  of  the  water  situation  have 
been  overcome,  and  the  mine  and  concen- 
tration plant  are  running  full  time.  Half- 
yearly  statements  have  been  Issued  show- 
ing a  profit  for  the  six  months  to  July  1 
of  £57,661;  £21,532  has  been  expended  in 
construction  during  the  half  year,  of 
which  amount  £7422  has  been  on  exten- 
sion of  coke  works  and  £4570  for  comple- 
tion of  the  Huntington-Heberlein  procesa, 
which  Is  now  in  operation  and  treating 
2500  tons  weekly.  Explorations  in  the 
lower  levels  have  advanced  and  £20,000 
has  been  expended  in  this  direction  during 
the  half  year.  In  consequence  of  con- 
tinued drought  special  consideration  has 
been  given  to  the  matter  of  reduction. 
Experiments  have  been  made  on  the  zinc 
process  with  the  result  that  a  plant  to 
handle  1000  tons  weekly  will  be  built. 

QUEENSLAND. 

The  No.  2  South  Great  Eastern  Gold 
Co.  at  Gympie  reports  that  the  new  mill 
of  sixty  stamps  is  in  full  operation,  with 
satisfactory  results. 

The  Brilliant  Central  Gold,  at  Charters 
Towers,  July  30,  report  having  crushed 
d  uring  month  3030  tons  of  quartz  for  a  yield 
of  2508  ounces  gold;  value  of  cyanide  bul- 
lion, £1220 No.  2  South  Great  Eastern 

Gold,  at  Gympie,  July  output  was: 
Crushed  3732  tons  for  3914  ounces  gold, 
Including  690  ounces  from  battery  plates. 

W.  Nethercote  haa  taken  up  3000  acres 
of  dredging  ground  at  the  junction  of  the 
Little  Palmer  river  and  the  Palmer  river. 
It  is  said  in  the  early  days  portions  of  this 
ground  were  rich,  and  Chinese  foaaickers 
even  up  to  the  present  time  have  been 
making  a  profit  of  it  by  their  primitive 
methods  of  working,  says  the  Queensland 
Government  Journal. 

VICTORIA. 

The  Ballarat  Bucket  Dredge  Co.  has 
been  formed  to  work  115  acres  of  ground 
on  the  Yarrowee  and  Little  Bendigo 
creeks,  near  Bendigo. 

At  the  WeBt  Berry  Consols  mine,  at 
Creswick,  R.  B.  Squire,  manager,  sayB  a 
new  haulage  shaft  will  be  Bunk  to  accom- 
modate cages  that  will  carry  a  two-ton 
load  on  each  deck. 

The  Great  Boulder  Proprietary  G.  M., 
Ltd.,  at  East  Coolgardie,  on  July  28  re- 
ports prospecting  with  diamond  drill  1700- 
foot  level  depressed  borehole  at  angle  of 
43°  in  westerly  direction  have  struck  ore 
7  feet  in  width,  with  average  assay  of  11 J 
dwts.  at  a  distance  of  1  foot  west  of  shaft. 
The  main  lode  was  struck  at  distance  of 
30  feet  from  the  main  shaft  at  depth  of 
1750  feet.  The  total  width  is  50  feet,  with 
average  assay  of  ore  at  28  dwts. 

Extensive  operations  have  been  started 
at  the  mines  of  the  Societe  le  Chrome  at 


New  Caledonia.  They  have  taken  on  300 
men. 

BRITISH    COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 

The  number  of  men  at  the  Fife  lime 
quarries,  being  operated  for  the  Trail 
smelter,  was  Increased  by  twenty-five  men 
this  week  due  to  more  furnaces  being 
blown  In  at  Trail. 

CASSIAR    DISTRICT. 

The  Atlin  Claim  says  on  Spruce  creek, 
near  Atlin,  several  miles  of  ditches  are 
under  construction  for  use  of  the  Con. 
Spruce  Creek  Placers,  Ltd.,  while  reaulta 
all  along  Spruce  creek  are  aald  to  be  satis- 
factory and  a  large  amount  of  gold  is  be- 
ing recovered.  On  Pine  creek  the  Pine 
Creek  Power  Co  ,  Ltd.,  is  at  work.  They 
have  three  6-ton  hydraulic  derricks  in 
operation,  says  Superintendent  Loverldge. 
The  company  owns  600  acres,  have  flumes 
and  ditches  tij  miles  long  and  2  miles  of 
steel  pipe;  they  are  using  six  monitors  It 
is  intended  to  open  up  another  pit  above 
Discovery  at  an  early  date. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

The  Crow's  Nest  Pass  Coal  Co.  Is  con- 
sidering several  improvements  in  the 
haulage  syBtem  at  its  mines  at  Fernie, 
says  the  Rossland  Miner.  It  is  the  inten- 
tion to  put  an  endless  rope  from  the  tipple 
to  the  mines.  This  will  do  away  with  the 
light  engine  work  on  top  of  the  tipple. 

Final  payment  of  $11,500  on  the  Badger 
and  Red  Mountain  claims  was  made  last 
week  by  F.  L  Byron  and  J.  E.  Woods  of 
Frank,  Alberta. 

It  is  reported  that  parties  boring  for 
oil  near  Morrissey  have  struck  coal. 
ROSSLAND   DISTRICT. 

Le  Rol  No.  2  oil  concentrator  at  Ross- 
land  Is  being  constructed  in  a  series  of 
attached  buildings,  five  in  number,  and 
all  but  the  first  or  upper  sections  are  com- 
plete so  far  as  the  buildings  are  concerned, 
says  the  Review.  Three  carloads  of  ma- 
chinery have  been  put  in  and  the  crush- 
ing plant  is  being  set  up.  The  plant  is 
expected  to  be  In  operation  by  Sept.  1. 
SLOCAN    DISTRICT. 

(Special  Correspondence). — In  the  Slo- 
can  mining  division,  owing  to  the  grant- 
ing of  the  lead  bounty,  there  has  been  a 
steady  improvement  in  mining  for  some 
time  past.  More  miners  have  been  added 
to  the  number  employed  and  still  the  de- 
mand is  unsatisfied.  Several  idle  proper- 
ties are  starting  up  again,  and  more  are 
to  follow.  Over  350  men  are  working  at 
the  mines  around  Sandon,  and  a  greater 
increase  is  looked  for.  Taken  as  a  whole, 
the  outlook  is  most  encouraging.  The 
organization  of  the  mine  owners  Is  consid- 
ered to  he  the  best  movement  possible  to 
protect  themselves  and  secure  stability  In 
silver- lead  mining  in  British  Columbia. 

Nelson,  Aug.  15. 

Work  was  resumed  on  the  Echo,  near 
Whitewater,  by  M.  J.  Halpin  and  H.  J. 

Wright,   who  have  a  lease  on  it. D. 

Kennedy  and  R.  Bradshaw  have  leased 
and  bonded  the  Bachelor  group  and   will 

start  work  this  week. The  Daphlre 

and  Champion  mines  on  Twelve-Mile 
creek,  near  Slocan  City,  have  been  leased 

to  Paul  Hauck The  Queen  Bess  mine 

and  buildings  were  sold  to  the  Bank  of 
Montreal  for  $6500.  The  mineral  claims 
Tiger,  Deadwood,  Bland  No.  2,  Howard 
Fraction  and  Tiger  Fraction,  belonging  to 
the  Slocan  Lake  G.  &  S.  Mines,  Ltd., 
were  also  turned  over  to  the  Bank    of 

Montreal  to  cover  an  overdraft. The 

bonus  granted  on  iron  and  steel  is  ex- 
pected to  reBult  in  the  iron  deposits  on 
Crawford  creek,  near  Slocan  City,  being 
worked  at  a  profit. 

VANCOUVER    ISLAND. 

About  1100  tons  of  coal  a  day  are  being 
taken  out  of  No.  2  and  No.  3  mines  at  Ex- 
tension. As  more  men  are  being  put  to 
work  daily  it  is  expected  the  maximum 
production  (1600  tons  a  day)  attained  be- 
fore the  Btrike  will  again  be  reached.  The 
tunnel  is  being  opened  up  again.  The 
coal  is  sent  to  Ladysmith  for  foreign  ship- 
ment. 

WEST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  In  Fish 
River  camp,  Lardeau  mining  division,  at 
the  Calumet  &  B.  U.  Gold  Mines,  Ltd., 
two  of  the  vanners  are  now  in  place  and 
another  under  way.  Two  of  the  Pelton 
wheels  are  In  place  and  the  other  will  be 
installed  this  week.  The  rock  crusher  is 
now  being  put  in  place  and  the  cam  Bhaft 
and  camB  are  set  up.  Ore  bins  are  finished 
and  a  telephone  system  is  installed  from 
mill  to  mine.  It  is  expected  to  have  the 
mill  completed  by  the  20th  inst.  At  the 
Oyster-Criterion  mill  the  rock  crusher 
and  mortars  are  now  in  place.  The  com- 
pressor and  power  house  are  being  roofed 
in.  Cables  for  tramway  have  arrived  and 
the  preliminary  wire  for  hauling  up  the 
cable  is  strung. 

Nelson,  Aug.  15. 

W.  E.  Pool  reports  paying  $200,000  for 
a  three-fourths    interest    in    the    Lucky 


124 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22, 1903. 


Jack  mine  on  Poplar  creek,  near  Lardeau. 
The  other  fourth  interest  is  owned  by  E. 
Morgan.  It  is  proposed  to  build  a  stamp 
mill  on  the  property  this  season. 
YALE  DISTRICT. 
Placer  mining  is  reported  in  full  swing 
around  Erie.  The  north  fork  of  the  Sal- 
mon river  has  been  staked  for  7  miles,  out 
of  which  claims  covering  half  that  dis- 
tance have  been  bought  up  by  the  North 
Pork  Placer  M.  Co.  of  Colorado  men,  and 
the  Buckeye  Placer  Co.,  owned  in  Spo- 
kane, Wash.  These  two  companies  are 
jointly  putting  up  a  flume  which  will  cost 
$20,000,  being  3J  miles  long.  This  flume 
will  run  the  monitors  of  both  companies. 
Much  of  the  gold  is  found  in  the  present 
bed  of  the  creek,  and  the  stream  has  to  be 
diverted.  On  either  side  the  pay  ground 
stretches  back  100  feet  from  the  creek 
bed,  and  in  addition  several  bench  claims 
have  been  staked  outside  the  present 
course  on  the  creek,  says  the  Spokesman- 
Review. 

KLONDIKE. 

Near  Dawson  good  pay  is  reported  to 
have  been  found  on  Last  Chance  creek. 

The    Violet    quartz     claims    will    be 

worked,  for  which  a  10-stamp  mill  is 
being  set  up. 

MALAY  STATES. 

The  Malay  Government  has  imposed  an 
additional  export  tax  on  tin  ore  of  830 
Mexican  ($11.50)  per  picul  of  133 J  pounds, 
except  when  it  is  to  be  smelted  In  the  col- 
ony. The  export  tax  was  formerly  $13  63 
Mexican  ($5.22)  per  picul,  all  the  ore  being 
smelted  within  colonial  limits.  It  is 
thought  that  the  new  export  tax  will  dis- 
criminate not  only  against  foreign  coun- 
tries, but  also  against  British  colonies, 
such  as  Hongkong,  Australia  and  Ceylon; 
it  will  also  act  against  the  smelting  in 
England  or  Wales  of  any  tin  ore  from  the 
oriental  supply  stations.  Local  smelters 
will  now  have  a  monopoly.  Local  tin 
smelters  obtain  tin  ore  with  $13.63  Mexi- 
can ($5  22)  export  tax,  while  all  outsiders 
must  pay  $43  63  Mexican  ($16.71)  per  picul. 
Allowing  40%  dross  in  smelting,  this  ex- 
port tax  alone  amounts  to  about  $333  gold 
per  ton  of  smelted  or  pig  tin. 

The  annual  output  of  the  world  exceeds 
75,000  tons,  and  of  this  more  than  46,000 
tons — over  51%  of  the  whole — come  from 
the  Straits  Settlements,  while  Cornwall 
produces  only  5000  tons  and  the  Australian 
output  has  similarly  declined.  The 
Dutch  East  Indies  export  14,000  tons  and 
Bolivia  outputs  5000  tons. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

J.  Folensby  and  W.  Kraft  of  Bisbee, 
Ariz  ,  have  bought  the  Nueva  Chihuahua 
mine  for  $50,000,  Mexican.  The  property 
consists  of  forty-four  pertenencias  and  is 
near  the  mines  of  the  Prieto  estate  and 
the  Buena  Tierra. 

T.  L.  Greer,  of  Chihuahua,  reports  the 
Santa  Brigida  mine  and  mill,  owned  by 
himself  et  al.,  in  the  western  part  of  the 
State,  are  again  in  operation. 

COAHUILA. 
A.  O.  Ihlseng  and  J.  J.  Murphy  of  New 
York  City  have  leased  La  Union  M.  Co.'s 
La  San  Salvadora  and  La  Porvenir  mines, 
near  Barroteran.  Mining  equipment  will 
be  put  In  consisting  of  machine  drills, 
hoists  and  a  concentrating  plant.  The 
number  of  men  at  work  will  be  increased 
to  300.  It  is  reported  that  the  Mexican 
Central  will  build  a  spur  from  its  San 
Pedro-Paredon  branch  to  the  mines.  The 
ores  are  silver-lead-zinc. 

GUANAJUATO. 

J.  H.  Hobbs  et  al.,  of  Colorado  Springs, 
Colo.,  are  reported  preparing  to  put  up  a 
100-ton  mill  at  La  Luz  mine,  near  Guana- 
juato. 

SAN  LUIS  POTOSI. 

T.  C.  Creeling,  manager  of  the  Tiro 
mines,  near  Las  Charcas,  says  he  is  mak- 
ing arrangements  to  build  a  narrow- 
gauge  railroad  from  the  mines  to  Las 
Charcas  station  on  the  National  railroad. 

SONORA. 

At  Emperor  camp,  near  Magdalena,  the 
Loraine  M.  Co.  has  completed  an  addition 
of  five  stamps  to  its  mill  and  is  running 
ten  stamps.  Last  week  a  shipment  of 
twelve  kilos  was  made.    The  Loraine  is 

owned  by  Tener  Bros.   &  Balch. The 

Magdalena  M.  &  E.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized to  develop  and  operate  a  group  of 
mines  in  the  CLbuta  mountains,  4  miles 
west  of  the  Sonora  Railway,  near  Cerro 
Blanco.  There  are  two  veins  of  high- 
grade  gold  ore,  on  which  some  develop- 
ment has  been  done.  The  officers  are 
A.  N.  Carter,  W.  Schuckman  and  P.  P. 
Hummel. 

The  Latz  &  Pearce  group  at  Puertoci- 
tos  is  reported  sold  to  the  Lake  Superior 
G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  for  $100,000  gold.  The 
group  adjoins  a  portion  of  the  Greene 
Con.  M.  Co.'s  properties. 

Three  groups  of  gold  prospects  near  the 


Plcacho  mine,  35  miles  southwest  of  Cos, 
have  been  bonded  by  R.  K.  Clancey  of 
Detroit,  Mich.,  the  Eva  for  $250,000,  the 
Cinco  Senores  for  $90,000  and  the  Don 
Ramon,  Adan  and  Dos  Amigos  for  $20,000. 
These  mines  are  owned  by  Douglas,  Ariz  , 
men. 

The  Nogales  C.  Co.,  among  other  im- 
provements which  it  is  starting  at  its 
properties  near  Magdalena,  will  put  up  a 
100-stamp  mill;  and  a  concentrator  and 
40-ton  smelting  plant  are  being  erected  at 
La  Blanca  mines,  near  Suaqui  Grande. 
The  Santa  Cruz  C.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized to  work  a  group  at  Santa  Cruz.  The 
Gutierrez  M.  Co.,  working  the  Gutierrez 
mine  at  La  Barranca,  has  taken  under 
lease  and  bond  for  $75,000,  gold,  the 
Belene  mines  of  La  Barranca,  and  the 
Nahuila  group  at  San  Javier  for  $65,000, 
gold,  and  development  work  will  be 
started  at  both  places.  An  American 
company  has  bought  of  the  Lopez  Bros, 
of  Hermosillo  some  gold  properties  near 
Acouchi  for  $100,000,  gold,  and  the  Car- 
men and  Esmeralda,  both  of  Arizpe,  have 
also  been  bought  by  an  American  com- 
pany at  $40,000  and  $100,000,  gold,  respect- 
ively. Near  Bocoacbi  W.  Lane  reports  a 
gold  strike,  says  the  Investor. 
ZACATECAS. 

There  is  considerable  activity  reported 
in  the  State  of  Zacatecas,  in  the  way  of 
railroad  building  to  the  mining  sections, 
principally  to  Sombrerete  and  Mazapil. 
The  Comacho  M.  Co.  is  building  a  branch 
road  from  Comacho  station,  on  the  Mex- 
ican Central,  to  Mazapil,  a  distance  of  20 
miles,  and  another  line  is  projected  from 
the  National  to  Mazapil;  and  still  another 
from  Mazapil  to  Concepcion  del  Oro,  a  dis- 
tance of  30  miles. 

NOVA  SCOTIA. 

D.  B.  Richardson  of  Toronto,  of  the 
Dominion  Coal  Co.,  says  the  area  of  coal 
land  extends  for  a  distance  of  45  miles  from 
Sydney  to  LouiBburg,  and  five  collieries 
are  working,  raising  11,000  tons  of  coal  a 
day.  Increased  development  work  is  be- 
ing done. 

SLAM. 

A  new  mining  district  is  reported  at- 
tracting attention.  Rubies  have  been 
found  at  Klong  Aeng,  in  the  Amphur  dis- 
trict of  Sri-Buathong,  Muang  Krat,  In  the 
Monthon  of  Chantaburl.  Some  forty  per- 
sons were  digging  and  washing  for  pre- 
cious stones  there,  and  evidently  making 
a  living  at  it  at  least.  A  formal  notifica- 
tion has  been  issued  bringing  the  district 
under  the  mining  Act,  and  from  August  1 
every  miner  will  be  required  to  have  a 
permit,  for  which  he  will  pay  5  tlcals  a 
year,  says  the  Times  of  Burma. 

SIBERIA. 

L.  Tovey,  mining  engineer,  of  Tomsk, 
says  the  iron  industry  is  not  the  only  in- 
dustry which  Is  making  progress  In  Si- 
beria. Extensive  placer  claims  which 
have  been  operated  in  a  primitive  way 
for  100  years  are  being  equipped  with  ma- 
chinery and  considerable  work  is  being 
done  in  sinking  shafts  and  tunneling  to 
cut  the  veins  of  gold  and  silver  ores 
which  are  found  in  the  northern  districts. 

TASMANIA. 

The  Mt.  Lyell  M.  &  R.  Co.,  at  Mt.  Lyell, 
report  for  month  of  July  shows:  Prom 
J  une  25  to  July  22,  inclusive,  a  total  of  16,  - 
971  tons  of  ore  was  treated;  average  assay 
value  of  ore  before  treatment  was:  Cop- 
per, 2.14%;  silver,  2  33  ounces;  gold,  .088 
ounce  per  ton.  The  converters  produced 
during  same  period  573  tons  of  blister  cop- 
per, containing:  Copper,  567  tons;  silver, 
49,698  ounces;  gold,  1722  ounces.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  above,  there  were  treated  dur- 
ing same  period  981  tons  of  Mt.  Lyell  ore 
and  metal-bearing  fluxes.  The  reduced 
quantity  of  Mt.  Lyell  ore  treated  was  due 
to  weather  conditions,  having  entirely 
suspended  operations  In  open  cuts  four 
days  during  period  and  accident  to  smelt- 
ing works. 

*  «• 

|    Catalogues  Received.     £ 

*  «• 

StcfcpepcpepopOpOltipepcpcpiftipipepcpeftOf'ftiptftepipOft^ 

"Appliances  for  Assayers"  is  a  cata- 
logue with  an  illuminated  cover  from  the 
Calkins  Co.,  608  N.  Main  street,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal.,  describing  their  latest  im- 
proved Calkins'  assayers  special  appli- 
ances, including  assay  furnaces,  hydro- 
carbon burner,  cupel  press,  ore  crusher, 
zinc  shavings,  etc. 

The  Cyclone  Drilling  Machine  Co  ,  Orr- 
ville,  Ohio,  sends  a  catalogue  of  their 
drilling  machinery,  including  the  hollow 
rod  system,  with  full  detailed  illustrated 
information  concerning  their  several 
makes.  There  is  a  wide  field  for  their 
use,  including  prospecting  of  gold  dredger 
ground,  and  the  subjects  are  of  interest. 

Catalogue  No.  54,  Victor  Turbines,  Is  at 
hand  from  the  Stllwell-Blerce  &  Smith- 
Vaile    Co.,   Dayton,   Ohio,    Pacific    coast 


office,  11  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. — 
leather  bound  and  of  vest-pocket  size,  con- 
taining "power  tables  of  Victor  turbines, 
comprising  the  cylinder  gate,  register 
gate  and  high  pressure  types,"  and  ac- 
companied by  numerous  illustrations. 

Of  standard  size  (6x9  Inches),  substan- 
tially bound  and  superbly  illustrated,  the 
new  drill  catalogue  No.  43  of  the  Ingersoll- 
Sergeant  Drill  Co.,  26  Cortlandt  street, 
New  York  City,  commends  Itself  to  the 
attention  of  mining  men.  This  fine  vol- 
ume of  168  pages  is  stated  to  be  the  first 
of  a  series  of  catalogues  which  will  illus- 
trate and  describe  in  complete  form  all 
classes  of  Ingersoll-Sergeant  machinery. 
The  one  to  hand  sets  a  high  standard  of 
excellence,  and  one  that  will  doubtless  be 
maintained. 

Of  standard  size,  6x9  inches,  Catalogue 
No.  11,  fifth  edition,  from  the  Allis-Chal- 
mers  Co  ,  Chicago,  U.  S.  A.,  treats  of  the 
Tremain  steam  stamp,  with  full  illustrated 
description,  and  practical  Instructions  for 
erecting  the  Tremain  mill.  In  addition 
minute  details  of  instruction  are  given, 
including  ninety  separate  engravings  of  as 
many  parts  of  the  Tremain  steam  mill. 
There  are  also  complete  estimates  of  each 
requirement  in  setting  up  and  operating 
a  Tremain  steam  stamp  mill.  The  treatise 
Is  in  Bumptuous  style  from  the  press  of 
the  Melsenhelmer  Printing  Co.,  Milwau- 
kee, Wis. 

at  *  *  <4"fc  ch  <fr  *  <fc  <fc  *&  *  &  *  *  *  *  &  4>  *  *  *  t|j  *  rfc  *l>  fls 

!        PERSONAL.        ! 

*  * 

JO  if.  Op  Op  Op  tft  tp  Cp  Op  9  Cp  Cp  Cp  Sfl  Cp  Cp  Cp  Cp  Cp  if !  *  Cf,  if.  Cp  tft  Cp  £ 

J.  Rodman,  Leadville,  Colo.,  is  in  New 
York  City. 

G.  M.  Harris  has  returned  to  New 
York  from  Alma,  Colo. 

W.  E.  DUNCAN  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  from  Orovllle,  Cal. 

D.  W.  Brunton  has  returned  from 
Montana  to  Denver,  Colo. 

H.  V.  WlNCHELL  has  returned  from  a 
visit  to  Copper  River,  Alaska. 

E.  F.  Jones  of  Orovllle,  Cal.,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

L.  A.  Gross,  an  Amador  county,  Cal , 
mine  manager,  1b  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

A.  J.  Selfridge,  of  Boston,  Mass.,  1b 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

R.  B.  Crowell  of  Tonopah,  Nev.,  is  In 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

H.  K.  Wheeler,  M.  E.,  of  Los  An 
geles,  Cal.,  is  visiting  San  Francisco,  Cal 

W.  H.  Clary,  a  Calaveras  county  mine 
owner,  near  Murphy,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

J.  PuLLERTON,  interested  in  mines  at 
Red  Lodge,  Mont.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

James  Earls  is  superintendent  of  the 
Bullion-Beck  mine,  Eureka,  Juab  county, 
Utah. 

J.  Erisman,  manager  of  the  Blue  Flag 
M.  Co.,  at  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  Is  In  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y. 

S.  Newhouse  has  left  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  for  a  several  weekB1  visit  at  Bar 
Harbor,  Me. 

S.  Nicholson,  manager  of  the  A.  M. 
W.  Mining  Co.,  Leadville,  Colo.,  is  in 
Nova  Scotia. 

J.  P.  McFarland  of  Grand  Junction, 
Colo.,  is  at  Alma,  Colo.,  looking  after  min- 
ing Interests. 

Chas.  M.  Fassett  has  returned  to 
Spokane,  Wash.,  from  a  visit  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

D.  McClure,  superintendent  of  the 
Gwin  mine,  Calaveras  Co  ,  Cal,  is  In  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

G.  E.  Alexander,  E.  M.,  of  Denver, 
Colo  ,  is  in  California,  investigating  the 
mining  Industry. 

R.  M.  Green,  a  mine  owner  of  Orovllle, 
Butte  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  on  business. 

W.  H.  KlNNON,  metallurgist,  is  super- 
intendent at  the  Majestic  C.  Co.  smelter, 
at  Milford,  Utah. 

H.  HUCKINS  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Junction  mine,  near  North  San  Juan,  Ne- 
vada county,  Cal. 

N.  Getchell  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Post  group,  at  Grantville,  near  Berlin, 
Nye  county,  Nev. 

P.  A.  H.  Franklin  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week,  from  a  two 
months'  trip  East. 

Arthur  Hauman  has  been  appointed 
United  States  Deputy  Mineral  Surveyor 
at  Jamestown,  Cal. 

J.  Shinn,  Leadville,  Colorado,  has  been 


examining  mining  property  near  Grant, 
Park  county,  Colo. 

A.  D.  McLain  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Trapper's  Pride  mine,  near  Marysvale, 
Piute  county,  Utah. 

H.  P  Gordon  has  returned  from  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  to  his  mine  superinten- 
dent at  Nashville,  Cal. 

J.  F.  Holden  of  the  Corona  G.  M.  Co  , 
near  Prescott,  Ariz.,  has  gone  to  Chicago, 
111.,  on  mining  business. 

G.  W.  Keel  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Little  Bell  and  the  Lucky  Bill  MlnlDg 
Cos.,  at  Park  City,  Utah. 

G.  Ashton  has  returned  to  Pueblo, 
Colo.,  from  Summit  Co.,  Colo.,  where  he 
has  been  examining  mines. 

J.  L.  Shepard,  president  of  the  Trl- 
Metallic  M.  &  S.  Co.,  has  returned  to  No- 
gales,  Ariz  ,  from  a  trip  East. 

W.  E.  Thorne  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  an  investigation  of 
mines  in  Siskiyou  county,  Cal. 

Guido  de  Voltaire  is  consulting  en- 
gineer for  the  Jupiter  M.  Co.,  operating 
at  El  Oro,  In  the  State  of  Mexico. 

I.  Hale,  manager  of  the  Denver  branch, 
General  Electric  Co.,  has  returned  to  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  from  Summit  Co.,  Colo. 

E.  C.  Voorhies  of  Sutter  Creek,  Cal., 
has  been  appointed  manager  of  the  Da- 
rien  Mining  Co.  at  Cana,  Colombia. 

George  F.  Shurtleff,  general  man- 
ager of  the  Crowned  King  Mines  Co , 
Crown  King,  Ariz  ,  is  in  New  York. 

John  Sparks,  principal  owner  of  the 
Wedekind  and  Desert  King  mines  near 
Reno,  Nev.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

TODD  C.  Woodworth,  formerly  of 
California,  Is  now  consulting  engineer  of 
the  Sibley-Sawyer  Co.  ot  Boston,  Mass. 

F  W.  Bradley,  president  Bunker  Hill 
&  Sullivan  M.  Co ,  has  returned  from 
Wardner,  Idaho,  to  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

L.  W.  Vaughn  of  Merced,  Cal,  presi- 
dent of  the  Stockton  Con.  C.  M.  Co.,  is  at 
the  company's  mines  in  Shasta  county, 
Cal. 

W.  N  LIND8EY,  E  ANDR  A.  HATTON 
of  Red  River,  Taos  county,  N.  M  ,  have 
gone  to  Idaho  to  look  after  mining  inter- 
ests. 

T.  W.  Jaycox,  Leadville,  Colo,  has 
been  appointed  Daputy  State  Engineer  of 
Colorado  with  headquarters  in  Denver, 
Colo. 

F.  Cobb,  with  Taylor  &  Brunton  of 
Denver,  has  returned  there  from  Dillon, 
Colo,  where  he  was  inspecting  mining 
property. 

J  D.  Murphy  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent at  the  Bullion- Beck  mine,  at 
Eureka,  Utah,  and  has  gone  to  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah. 

W.  W.  Mein,  mine  manager  for  the 
Durban-Roodepoort  Deep,  Ltd.,  near 
Johannesburg,  South  Africa,  Is  visiting  In 
Oakland,  Cal. 

E  A.  Herpsberger  of  Almagordo, 
N.  M.,  has  gone  to  Jarllla,  Otero  county, 
N.  M ,  to  superintend  operations  at  the 
Garnett  mine. 

D.  R.  Morgan,  mine  manager  of  the 
Torreon  smelter,  at  Torreon,  Chihuahua, 
Mexico,  has  established  his  headquarters 
at  Chihuahua. 

Manager  G.  D.  B  Turner  of  the  J. 
I.  C.  mine  of  Park  City,  Utah,  returned 
last  week  to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  a 
trip  to  Scotland. 

A.  R.  BOYNTON  of  the  McKlnnon  G.  M. 
Co.,  operating  at  Silver  City,  Idaho,  re- 
turned to  Chicago,  111 ,  last  week  from  a 
trip  to  their  mines. 

L.  Heyneman,  secretary  of  the  Fulton 
Engineering  &  Shipbuilding  Works,  has 
returned  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  an 
Eastern  business  trip. 

J.  A.  McSiiane  of  Omaha,  Neb.,  owner 
of  the  Belen,  Refugio  and  other  mines  at 
Ocampa,  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  has  returned 
from  a  visit  to  his  mines. 

A.  A.  Ross,  formerly  with  the  South- 
ern Nevada  M.  Co.,  at  Searchlight,  Nev  , 
is  superintendent  of  the  Empire  Con.  M. 
Co.,  operating  in  same  section. 

H.  M.  Gorham,  superintendent  of  the 
Chollar,  Virginia,  Nev.,  is  at  Colegrove, 
Cal.  A.  J.  McDonald  has  charge  at  the 
Chollar  In  Mr.  Gorham's  absence. 

Geo.  W.  Campbell,  of  Oakland,  Cal., 
of  the  firm  of  Scott,  Dow  &  Co.,  owners  of 
the  Black  Oak  mine  at  Soulsby  ville,  Cal., 
has  been  appointed  general  manager. 

W.  F.  Snyder,  president  of  the  West- 
ern Ex.  Co ,  has  returned  to  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah,   after  several  weeks  at  the 


August  22,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


126 


Balaklala  copper  mines  Id  Shasta  county, 
Cal. 

G.  McM.  Ross  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  Ophlr  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Virginia  City,  Nev.,  and  is  superintend- 
ent of  the  Andes,  also  on  the  Comstock 
lode. 

M.  L  Requa,  vice-president  of  the  Pa- 
cific Wire  &  Steel  Works  and  a  mine 
owner  of  Nevada  and  California,  leaves 
the  coming  week  for  a  trip  through  the 
East. 

H.  W.  Fairbanks,  geologist,  has  re- 
turned to  Berkeley,  Cal,  from  an  ex- 
tended tour  of  northern  California  gath- 
ering material  for  a  series  of  school  text- 
books. 

A.  C.  Lawson,  professor  of  geology  and 
mineralogy,  University  of  California,  has 
returned  to  Berkeley,  Cal.,  from  a  geologi- 
cal tour  of  the  southern  Sierra  Nevada 
mountains. 

Jesse:  Scobey  has  resigned  as  general 
manager  of  the  Pr.de  of  the  West  M.  & 
M.  Co  ,  and  will  be  in  Denver,  Colo  ,  after 
Sept.  1,  where  he  will  be  engaged  as  con- 
sulting mining  engineer. 

J.  R.  Ryan  has  resigned  as  superintend- 
ent of  the  Andes  S.  M.  Co.,  at  Virginia 
City,  Nev.,  and  is  superintendent  of  the 
Con.  Cal.  &  Virginia  and  Ophir  mines, 
which  have  been  consolidated. 


*  *************************** 
•S  «. 

| Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  «• 

ft************************** 

Frasek  &  Chalmers,  Ltd  ,  of  43 
Threadneedle  St.,  London,  E.  C,  Eng- 
land, state  that  on  the  11th  Inst,  their 
offices  were  removed  to  3  London  Wall 
Buildings,  London,  E.  C 

The  Compressed  Air  Machinery  Co.  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal,  Is  preparing  for 
shipment  a  Word  drill  sharpener  to  the 
St.  John  del  Key  mine  in  Brazil,  via  Rio 
Janeiro.  They  shipped  one  last  week  to 
the  Daly-Judge  mine  at  Park  City,  Utah 

The  Rlsdon  Iron  Works,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  report  during  the  last  week 
having  received  an  order  from  J.  H.  Leg- 
gett  of  Orovllle,  Cal ,  for  one  of  their 
largest  sized  gold  dredgers,  costing  $80,- 
000.  This  company  built  a  dredger  oper- 
ating on  Mr.  Leggett's  ground  about  two 
years  ago,  and  they  report  that  Mr.  Leg- 
gett  is  so  well  satisfied  with  its  gold  saving 
properties  that  he  has  adopted  this  type 
of  machine  and  will  use  it  on  his  ground 
in  the  future. 

"On  the  15th  of  July,"  writes  the  Pen- 
berthy  I  jector  Co.  of  Detroit,  Mich., 
"  we  placed  the  number  300,000  on  one  of 
our  'Penberthy'  automatic  injectors, 
having  completed  this  number  of  inject- 
ors in  just  a  little  over  sixteen  years,  a 
remarkable  record,  especially  when  it 
took  nearly  ten  years  to  convince  engi- 
neers that  an  automatic  injector  was  a 
practical  device,  and  to  manufacture  and 
sell  the  first  100,000  machines.  Three 
hundred  thousand  injectors  is  a  good 
many.  Basing  figures  on  the  average 
capacity  of  the  injectors  sold  during  the 
past  twelve  months,  the  300,000  '  Penber- 
thy '  automatic  injectors  on  the  market 
will  handle  In  one  hour  109,500,000  gallons 
of  water.  This  amount  of  water  if 
pumped  into  an  upright  tank  50  feet 
square  would  require  the  tank  to  be  over 
a  mile  high ;  or,  to  put  it  in  another  way, 
if  the  output  of  these  300,000  injectors 
were  combined  into  one  stream,  they 
would  supply  a  river  10  feet  deep  and  250 
wide,  and  keep  up  a  steady  How  of  water 
at  the  rate  of  a  little  over  1  mile  per  hour. 
If  the  300,000  injectors  were  all  connected 
to  one  Bource  of  water  supply,  they  would 
in  ten  hours  completely  drain  a  lake  10 
feet  deep,  1  mile  long  and  }  mile  wide." 
Information  regarding  these  injectors  will 
be  gladly  furnished  any  inquirer  by  the 
Penberthy  Injector  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 


Obituary. 


X**************,^  *****  *  **  *  * 

* 

* 

* 

%***^<ft$^$<ptyip£fil$.<p$£pfp($»  ,$.£)*((-.,,$,  dp  fjb^£ 

Pedro  Alvarado,  known  as  a  wealthy 
mine  owner  and  philanthropist  of  Parral, 
Chihuahua,  Mexico,  died  on  the  18th  inst. 
He  was  owner  of  the  Palmlllo  mine  at 
Parral. 

W.  E.  Dodge,  of  the  firm  of  Phelps, 
Dodge  &  Co.,  and  a  large  holder  in  the 
Copper  Queen  mine,  at  Bisbee,  Ariz.,  died 
at  New  York  on  the  9th  inst.  Deceased 
had  passed  his  seventy-third  year. 

H.  F.  Kemper,  one  of  the  original  lo- 
cators of  the  Temple  Bar  placer  mines  in 
Mohave  county,  Ariz  ,  died  in  Kingman, 
Ariz.,  August  11,  after  an  illness  of  several 
weeks.  Deceased  was  born  in  Ohio  forty- 
one  years  ago,  and  is  survived  by  a  wife 
and  several  brothers. 


New  Patents. 


Dewey,  Stroho  &  Co.'s  SciMHTiric  Press 
Patent  agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  B.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors:, 

fob  week  ending  august  11.  1903. 

735,851.  —  Therapeutical  apparatus  —  g.  l. 
Abell,  Oakland,  Cal. 

735,669— Strap  Lock— W.  P.  C.  Adams,  Seattle. 
Wasb. 

736,191.— draft  Equalizer— P.  Babler,  Spokane, 
Wash. 

735.933 —Timber  Framing  Machine  —  Barnes  & 
Sm<tb,  Pearoe,  Ariz. 

736,061. -Oetyl-gnaiacyl  —  M.  W.  Beylik,  Bur- 
bank,  Cal 

736,202.— Cork  Retainer— w.  e.  Brown,  Los  An- 

bfeles    U'll 

736,203.— Heater— G.  W.  Brunner.  S.  P. 

735,942.— Ore  Crusher  —  A.  C.  Calkins,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

735.862.— Clutch— P.  F.  Dundon,  S.  F. 

736.U78.-TBEATMENT  or  Ores— H.  T.  Durant.  Lon- 
don, England. 

735,863.— ENGINE  Cylinders  —  Duryea  &  While 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

735  957.— ANIMAL  Trap— G.  F.  Eberhard,  S.  F. 

735,865.— Portable  De«k— J.  B.  Elliott,  S  F 

735,734.— Wrench— C.  C.  English,  S.  F. 

735.869.— Saw  Sharpeners— g.  A.  w.  and  J  H  L 
Folkers.  S.  F. 

735,872 — Sash  Lock— L.  H.  Handy,  s   F. 

735,972.— HOTEL  Register -C  H.  Harger.  S.  F 

735,979.— Weighing  Machine- G.  Hoepner.  S  F 

736,100 — Locator— N.  Hostettler,  Eugene,  Or. 

736,098 — Purifying  Liouors— J.  Bouden,  S  F 

735,733 —Ticket  Holder— A.  L.  J.  hnson,  Seattle. 
Wash. 

736,267— Well  Drill  —  H.  Kelly,  Los  Angeles, 

735,989  —Vineyard  Cultivator  —  I.  B.  Kllgore 

Concord,  Cal. 
735,886 — Cultivator— G.  P.  Kimball,  Salem,  Or 
735,887  —Powder  Distributor— G.  Lagomarsino, 

736,121— Boot  Calk  — A.  P.  Lipscomb,  Yaeger, 

736,123.— Rail  Joint— P.  J.  Lukes,  Balls  Ferry, 

735,991  —Train  Pipe  Coupling— J.  c.  Martin,  Jr., 

735,997 — Igniter  for  Gas  Engines— J.  D.  McFar- 

land,  Jr..  s.  F. 
735,136.— Piston  Rod  Joint— J.  D.  MoFarland,  Jr., 

S.  F. 
736,137.  —  Propeller  —  A.    C.    G.   H.   Mcintosh, 

Eureka,  Cal. 
735,794  —Fastening— C.  E.  Morgan,  Portland,  Or. 
735,994  —Fish  Cleaning  Machine  — t.  Morris, 

S.  F. 
736,140.— Memorizer— Mary  E.  Nioholl,  Oakland, 

Cal. 
736,334.— Curtain  Fixture— Susan  A.  Norwood, 

Portland,  Or. 
735,897.— Logging  Jack— J.  G.  Owen,  Southbend, 

Wash. 
736.006.— Electric  Railway— J.  w.  Perkins,  San 

Jose,  Cal. 
735,813 —Ore  Separator  —  Plra   &,  Salomonson, 

Oakland,  Cal. 
736,305  —amusement  Device— A.  Seyfried,  S.  F. 
735,843.— Corset— Nettle  Temple,  Stockton,  Cal. 
735,919.— Quicksilver  Furnace- A.  A.  Tregldgo, 

786,320.— Weed  Cutter— J  C  Walter,  Athena,  Or. 
736,325  —Feed  Mechanism— White  &  Duryea,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 


Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Piston  Rod  Joints.  — No.  736,136.  Aug.  11, 
1903.  J.  D.  McParland,  Jr.,  Frultvale,  Cal.  One- 
half  assigned  to  J.  Brucliman  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  This  Invention  relates  to  Improvements  In 
means  for  connecting  the  piston  rods  with  a  crank 
shaft,  and  is  particularly  applicable  In  engines 
having  a  plurality  of  radially  disposed  cylinders 
in  the  same  plane.  Its  object  Is  to  confine  the 
connections  between  the  piston  rods  and  crank 
shafts  within  the  narrowest  practical  limits  and 
to  provide  for  take  up  when  these  bearing  parts 
have  become  worn. 

Vineyard  or  Orchard  Cultivator.— No.  735,- 
986.  Aug.  11,  1903.  Ira  B.  Kllgore,  Concord,  Cal. 
The  object  of  this  Invention  is  to  provide  a  culti- 
vator which  can  be  driven  between  rows  of  grow- 
ing vines,  trees  or  like  objects  so  as  to  thoroughly 
oultlvate  the  soil  between  the  rows,  and  to  so  con- 
struct the  device  lhat  the  angle  of  the  cultivating 
teeth  to  the  line  of  travel  may  be  changed,  so  as 
to  throw  the  soil  to  or  from  the  rows  between 
which  the  apparatus  is  traveling,  and  also  to  so 
change  the  forward  and  backward  tut  of  the  teeth 
that  they  may  be  more  or  less  upright  with  rela- 
tion to  the  line  of  travel. 

Hotel  Register.— No.  735,972  Aug.  11,  1903. 
C.  H.  Harger,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This  invention 
relates  to  Improvements  in  registering  devices  in 
which  there  Is  a  containing  box  or  case,  a  series 
of  loose  leaves,  and  a  transversely  and  longitudi- 
nally lined  supporting  plate  for  the  leaves.  Its 
object  is  to  provide  a  perpetual  register  for  hotel 
purposes  which  shall  be  simple,  neat  and  compact, 
and  which  shall  permit  of  the  Introduction  of  ad- 
ditional leaves  when  necessary  and  of  the  removal 
of  leaves  when  they  have  become  filled. 

Device  for  Sharpening  Saws.— No.  735,868. 
Aug.  11, 1903.  G.  A.  W.  Folkers  and  John  H.  L. 
Folkers  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This  invention  re- 
lates to  improvements  in  saw  filing  and  sharpen- 
ing machines  of  the  type  employing  rotary  cutters 
or  grinders.  Its  objects  are  in  the  direction  of 
simplicity  of  construction  and  of  securing  steadi- 
ness and  uniformity  in  operation  of  the  file  mem- 
bers In  relation  to  the  Baw. 

Apparatus  for  the  Treatment  of  Ores  With 
Solvents.— No.  736,078,  Aug.  11,  1903.  H.  T.  Du- 
rant, London,  England.  This  invention  consists 
of  a  peculiarly  constructed  tank  and  means  for 
circulating  the  solution  through  the  tailings  or 
like  contents  of  the  said  tank.  The  object  of  the 
Invention  is  to  provide  an  apparatus  for  the  treat- 
ment of  various  ores,  tailings  or  the  like  by  the 
use  of  solvents  which  are  suitable  for  the  particu- 
lar character  of  the  ore  under  treatment  and  by 
the  use  of  which  solvents  the  gold  and  silver  or 
other  metals  may  be  extracted. 

Animal  Traps.— No.  735,957.  Aug.  11,  1903.  G. 
F.  Eberhard,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Assigned,  to 
the  Geo.  F.  Eberhard  Co.  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  a 
corporation.  This  trap  Is  designed  particularly 
for  gophers  and  other  burrowing  pests.  The  ob- 
ject of  the  invention  Is  to  obviate  the  disadvant- 
age present  In  ordinary  traps  of  this  general  type 
by  forming  these  jaws  so  that  by  no  amount  of 
wriggllog  can  a  gopher  once  in  the  grasp  of  the 
jaws  escape. 


Latest    riarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  August  21,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  ox.,  Troy:  London, 
25 Id  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver.  54{c,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  M!c;  Mexican  dollars,  42)c 
San  Francisco,  42c  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.75;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13  62}®13  75; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.62A@13  75; 
Casting-,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.25;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $13.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £59  10s  spot  per 
ton. 

In  his  report  to  the  United  States  Geo- 
logical Survey  on  the  production  of  cop- 
per In  1902,  0.  Kirchhoff  says  the  copper 
mining  Industry  of  the  United  States  suf- 
fered during  1902  from  the  reaction  which 
followed  the  unsuccessful  attempt  during 
1901  to  maintain  the  value  of  the  metal  at 
an  artificial  level.  The  collapse  which 
came  toward  the  close  of  1901  left  many 
producers  committed  to  sales  covering  a 
long  period,  at  low  prices,  with  the  men- 
ace of  heavy  accumulations  of  metal  con- 
stantly over  the  market.  Yet  production 
was  heavier  during  1902  than  it  had  been 
in  1901,  because  some  of  the  important 
mines  were  worked  to  full  capacity  and 
because  Borne  of  the  enlargements  and  im- 
provements previously  begun  became 
effective  during  the  year.  Furthermore, 
a  number  of  new  enterprises  first  pro- 
duced important  quantities  of  metal.  On 
the  other  hand,  labor  troubles  cut  down 
the  output  of  some  of  the  larger  under- 
takings. 

As  compared  with  268,782  long  tons  in 
1901,  the  total  production  of  copper  in  the 
United  States  in  1902  was  294,423  long 
tons,  of  which  the  Lake  Superior  district 
produced  76,165,  or  25  9%;  Montana,  128,- 
975  long  tons,  43  8%;  and  Arizona,  53,547 
long  tonB,  18  2%.  This  is  an  increase  in 
the  total  production  of  25,641  long  tons,  or 
nearly  10%,  as  compared  with  1901. 

The  imports  of  copper  ore  in  1902  were 
valued  at  $7,921,641,  as  compared  with 
$14,394,663  in  1901;  and  the  imports  of 
copper  in  bars,  ingots,  pigs  and  in  manu- 
factured forms  were  valued  at  $12,864,021, 
as  compared  with  $11,820,459  In  1901.  The 
exports  of  domestic  copper  in  different 
forms  were  valued  at  $46,811,729  In  1902, 
as  compared  with  $36,071,448  in  1901.  The 
exports  from  Baltimore,  Md.,  Increased 
from  54,377,355  pounds  in  1901  to  103,607,- 
256  pounds  in  1902;  and  from  New  York 
the  increase  was  from  133,540,150  pounds 
in  1901  to  236,622,515  pounds  in  1902. 

In  the  aggregate  the  reporting  mines 
had  a  stock  of  155,665,652  pounds  of  cop- 
per on  January  1,  1903,  as  compared  with 
282,014,297  pounds  on  January  1,  1902,  a 
decline  of  over  126,000,000  pounds  during 
1902. 

The  estimated  consumption  in  1902  was 
551,688,191  pounds,  as  compared  with  382,- 
761,014  pounds  in  1901.  The  average  sell- 
ing price  of  Lake  copper  during  1902  was 
11.86  cents  per  pound. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.25;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  5 J,  sheet  6,  bar  5}c;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  6s  3d  per  long  ton=2.76c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $5.87};  St. 
Louis,  $4.85 ;  London,  £20  12s  fid  per  ton  ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6£c;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's. 
9|c;  Hallett's,  8Jc;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  7Jc;  300  to  600  lbs.,  7}3;  100-lb. 
lots.  10c. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $27.80@28  00; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  2S*c;  500  fog.,  29c; 
200  fts.,  29}c;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  $  ft,  30c 
@32}e.    London,  £127  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  $  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $46.00® 
47.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  10s ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  $  flask  of  76}  lbs.  ! 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6}c;  extra, 
17}c;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  Ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-ft.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  15.50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  $  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $18.85 
@19.00;  gray  forge,  $17.10;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  f,  ft.,  3}c  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  PittBburg, 
$27.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00; 
San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c  per  ft. 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :      Pine,    ordinary 


Bizes,  $20.00@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.60;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.25;  Cut,  $3.35;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.40; 
Cut,  $3.40;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.50;  Cut, 
$3.50;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut,  $3.60; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.75;  Cut,  $3.75;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.00;  Cut,  $4.00.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.25;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.25  per  bbl. 

CEMENT.  —  Germanla,  S2.50  @  2.75; 
Hewmoor,  $2.90;  Trowell,  $2.90;  Port- 
land, $2.50@2.75  per  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerlne,  per  lb.,  In  carload 
lots,  15}c;  leBs  than  one  ton,  17}c.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
16}c.  No.  1"  50%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13fc.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
U}c.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.60  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $6.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  In  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  8s,  18  ox.,  40s., 
104c  $  set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  94c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  24@25c  $ft.:  carloads, 
23@24}c;  In  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  <B  100 
ftB. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  24/@2}o  $ 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}c$  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.50  $  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash.  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8c$  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2@ 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2(g3e;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25;  California  refined,  2@2}c; 
sulphide  of  Iron,  9c  $  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
5@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2  50@2.75; 
sulphuric  acid,  In  carboys,  66%  B,  2}c 
$ft.;  nitric  acid,  In  carboys,  8c  $  lb. 

OILS.— LinBeed,  boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs., 
49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  46c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  44c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20}c; 
Astral,  20}c;  Star,  20}c;  Extra  Star,  24}c; 
Eocene,  23}c;  Elaine,  26}c;  Water  White, 
In  bulk,  14}c;  Mineral  Seal,  Iron  bbls., 
18}c;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26}c;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23}c;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27}c;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  In  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  in  cb.,  22}  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  OH,  cs,  50@55c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.60; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.60;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $6  .50 
Brymbo,  $7.60;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.  00 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $12 ;  Canned, 
$9.00;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $11.50;  Rock 
Springs,  $9.60,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  In 
bulk,  $13  In  sacks;  Sunny  side,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  In  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  per  ft.,  6}c;  in  25-ft.  tin 
palls,  }c  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  6 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  }c  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  In  kegs,  6}c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  lesB  than  500  fts.,  6}c. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,   7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  26c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM.-$2  per  ft. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  $  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  PittBburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $  ft.,  $3.60. 

ZINC. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c ;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  22, 1903. 


YOUR  OIL 

will  go  twice  as  lar  lr  you  use  a 

Cross  Oil  Filter 

to  purity  it. 

Try  one  30  days. 

If  you  are  satisfied, 

keep  it;  if  not,  re- 

» turn  at  our  expense. 

"Your  Filter  is 
giving  satisfactory 
results." 

Postum      Cereal 
Food     Co.,    Battle 
Creek,  Mich 
THE  BURT  MPQ.  CO., 
Largest  Mfrs.  of  Oil  Filters  in  the  World, 

Akron,  Ohio.  U.  S.  A. 
AIbo  supplied  by  Engine  Builders.  Oil 
Companies  and  Power  Contractors. 


■ 1 

SITUATIONS  WANTED. 
J 


EXPERT  DIAMOND  DRILL  FOREMAN  AND 
Setter  of  twenty  years'  experience  In  various 
parts  of  the  world.  At  present  employed,  but  de- 
sires change  and  a  permanent  position  in  the 
West.  Can  bring  one  or  two  operators  as  desired. 
Address  "Diamond,"  this  office. 

MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  office. 


per  proposition  desires  change  of  location. 
Management  gold  or  copper  proposition.  State 
terms     Address  Box  85,  this  office. 

MINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
at  present  general  manager  of  a  large  mining 
concern  In  Mexico,  desires  to  change  his  posi- 
tion. Would  need  four  months'  notice.  Address 
P.B.A.S.,  care  of  ihis  office. 

MINING  ENGINEER  WISHES  POSITION  AS 
superintendent  or  assistant  superintendent 
at  metal  mine.  Has  had  eight  years'  experience 
in  civil  and  mining  engineericg,  and  is  surveyor, 
draughtsman  and  assayer.  Also  had  practical 
experience  in  underground  work  and  handling 
men.  Can  furnish  transit  and  two  sets  balances 
Age  twenty-eight.  References.  Address  Box  818, 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

MINING  ENGINEER,  GRADUATE  GERMAN 
University,  at  present  assistant  manager  of 
gold  mining  corporation  and  in  charge  of  large 
amalgamating,  concentrating  and  cyanidlng  mill, 
desires  change.  Thorough  experience  in  treat- 
ment of  refractory  gold  ores  by  all  processes. 
Would  like  position  as  manager  or  assistant  man- 
ager of  producing  company.  Age  33;  unmarried. 
Best  references.  Addre;s  R.  R.  18,  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press 

POSITION  BY  PRACTICAL  MINING  ENGI- 
neer;  20  years'  experience  in  U.  S.,  Alaska  and 
Mexico.  Reference  Al.  Specialty,  commercial 
mining.    Address  W.,  care  of  this  office. 


quartz  mine;  20  years1  practical  experience. 
Would  take  charge  of  a  prom' sing,  undeveloped 
property,  and  could  invest  some  money  in  It. 
First-class  references.  Address  "Reno,"  care  of 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

YOUNG  GRADUATE  WITH  SOME  EXPERI- 
ence  in  Assaying,  Surveying  and  Draughting, 
wants  position  In  mine.  Salary  not  so  much  an 
object  as  advancement.   Address  H.N.,  this  office. 


WANTED. 


T 


> 


Wanted,  1  First-Class  Amal- 
gamator for  20-Stamp  Mill. 

Wages  $4  per  day.    Board  $5.75  per  week. 
Address,  giving  references, 

CHELAN  MINING  CO  . 

BLBWBTT.  WASH 

WANTED— A  First-Class 
Assayer  and  Chemist, 

with  extended  cyanide  experience,  for  position  of 
Assayer  and  Chemist  with  large  gold  mining  com- 
pany, with  cyanide  plant.  Must  have  best  of 
references.  State  age,  experience  and  salary 
wanted.  Address  "Chemist,"  care  of  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press. 

WANTED  TO  SELL  This  Machinery,  Cheap. 

Six- Drill  Compressor;  Double  Cylinder  Hoist, 
good  for  800  feet;  Large  Double  Reel  Geared  Hoist, 
good  for  1500  feet;  60  H.  P.  Fire-box  Boiler.  All  in 
good  condition.   Address  "Machinery,"  this  office. 

WRITE    TO    US 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL     MEN 

For  all  classes  of  work. 
500O  positions  filled  In  10  years. 

Engineering;  Agency 

210  Monadnock  Block,  CHICAGO. 


FOR     SALE. 


MINING   PROPERTY   FOR   SALE 

Consists  of  13,00!}  tons  of  tailings,  25.000  tons  of 
dump— both  good  values.  Water  for  working  same. 
Situated  3  miles  from  railroad.  No  crushing  power 
required.  Guarantee  a  saving  of  80%.  Partners 
cannot  agree,  so  it  will  be  sold  cheap-  Inquire  of 
James  McDermott,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  Francisco. 

DEWEY,  STRONG  &  CO., 

Patent  Agents.  S.  F..  Gal.,  and  Washington,  D  C. 


ROR    SALE. 

Large  quantities  of  light  Steel 
Rails— 16-lb.,  24-lb.  and  35-lb. 
sections  with  fastenings. 

M48TBN  &  HASTEN,  407  Henne  Building, 
Los  Angeles.  l.»l. 


THE 


Bruce  Copper  Mines  Ltd. 

IN  LIQUIDATION. 

The  whole  of  the  property  belong- 
ing to  The  Bruce  Copper  Mines  Ltd., 
with  its  equipment,  for  sale  by  pri- 
vate tender.  Including  the  mineral 
rights  of  20  square  miles,  modern 
concentrating  mill  (400  tons  daily 
capacity),  compressor,  hoists,  etc., 
in  thorough  condition. 

Parties  desiring  to  put  in  a  tender 
should  have  their  engineers  on  the 
ground  without  delay;  tenders  will 
be  closed  the  15th  September,  1903. 

For  further  particulars,  apply  to 

LOUIS  J.  ABRAHAMS, 

Bruce  Mines,  Ont.,  Canada. 


"Who    heur    the, 
right     time  ?  *" 

The      man     who      heur 

ELGIN 

TIME, 

every    time 

Every  Elgin  Watch  is  fully  guaranteed.  All  jewelers  have 
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Elgin  National  Watch  Co.,  Elgin,  ill. 


MINF R  V  staSes  ProsPectors- 

GRUB-  properties. 

CTircrn    «"  broadway, 
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Michigan  College  of  Mines. 

F.  W.  McNAIR,  President 

A  state  institution  located  in  and  mak- 
ing use  of  an  active  mining  district.  For 
Year  Book  giving  list  of  graduates  and 
their  occupations  apply  to  President  or 
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HENRY  OABEY  BAIBD  &  CO., 

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Lieber.— The  Assayer's  Guide:  or,  Practical 
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BULLION,   MATTES,  ORES, 
of  every  description. 

COPPER,    TIN,    LEAD,    SPELTER, 
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on  the  stocks  of  a  thousand  companies.  We 
will  send  FREE  ON  APPLICATION  our 

SPECIAL  PRICE  LIST. 

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Thirty  years  of  lamp  making  enables  us  to  offer  a 

MIXERS'  LAMP 

that  gives  perfect  satis- 
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has  a  globe  and  our  name 
stamped  on  it.  We  also 
make  The  Star  Miners'  and 
Drivers'  Lamps.  Write  us 
for  circulars  and  whole- 
sale prices.  Sample  lamps 
mailed  on  receipt  of  25c. 

GEO.  ANTON,  P.  O.  Box 
64.  Monougahela,  Pa. 


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THKKE  DOLLARS  FES  ANNTJM. 
SLngle  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


IN  the  notices  of  cata- 
logues which  appear 
weekiy  in  another  part 
of  this  journal  consider- 
able stress  is  laid  from 
time    to    time    on    the 
fact     that     certain     of 
those    received    are    of 
"standard"  size,  mean- 
ing   that    they    are    6 
inches  wide  and  9  inches 
long,     that    being    the 
standard  some  time  ago 
adopted  as  being  in  the 
judgment  of    many  the 
most  suitable    and  con- 
venient size.     While    of 
course  there  is  nothing 
compulsory    or    obliga- 
tory  as    to    what    size 
anything  shall   be,    yet 
in  the  case  of  a  trade 
catalogue  it  is  well  that 
some     convenient     size 
should  be  adhered  to  as 
closely  as  possible,   and 
the     size     specified    is 
probably  as  convenient 
a  general    size    as  any 
that     could     be     sug- 
gested.    The  main  idea 
in  those    catalogues    is 
preservation;  when  they 
vary  so  much  in  size  it 
is  impossible    to  conve- 
niently  file    them,    and 
thus  some  of  their  use- 
fulness is  lost.  Many  leading  firms  will  spend  from  $5000 
to  $15,000  on  a  single  catalogue,  and  they  are  veritable 
works  of  art.    The  old  term   "catalogue"  is  a  mis- 
nomer ;   they  are  rare  trade  treatises,   often  sump- 
tuous in  their  typographical  excellence  and  admirable 
in  illustration  and  style,  and  of  high  value  as  a  tech- 
nical treatise,  up-to-date  on  the  subject  of  discussion, 
and  finely  showing  the  "  present  state  of  the  art  "  as 
regards  points  discussed.      Often   these    elaborate 
trade   treatises  contain  much  batter  material  than 
more  pretentious  bound  volumes  on   technical  sub- 
jects, and  deserve  a  place  in  the  library  of   the  pro- 
gressive man.     That  they  may  have  such  permanent 
place  is  why  the  "standard"  size  is  advocated. 


The  Yellow  Aster  Mine  and  Mill,  Randsburg,  Cal.    (See  Page  132.) 


shores  from  which  come  congratulatory  echoes 
months  after  the  little  notice  of  the  43  rd  milestone  hav- 
ing been  passed.  Fortunate  indeed  is  the  publica- 
tion that  is  able  to  justly  earn  so  cordial  and  wide- 
spread expression  of  good  wishes,  and  its  aim  and 
earnest  effort  shall  be  to  deserve  their  continuance. 


THREE  months  ago  was  made  modest  announce- 
ment herein  of  the  entrance  of  this  journal  on 
its  44th  year  of  successful  existence.  Immediately 
came  cordial  words  from  nearby  friends  and  patrons  ; 
later  were  received  similar  congratulations  from 
more  distant  well-wishers,  and  like  a  stone  dropped 
into  water  the  widening  rings  of  motion  reach  remote 


THERE  is  always  intimate  connection  between 
the  prosperity  of  the  country  and  the  condi- 
tion of  the  mining  industry.  When  mining  is  pros- 
perous so  is  the  country,  and  vice  versa.  Most 
particularly  is  this  manifest  in  the  case  of  gold  and 
silver.  The  reason  is  plain.  Money,  which  is  the 
blood  of  business,  is  based,  so  far  as  redemption  is 
concerned,  on  gold  and  silver.  If  it  were  not  for  the 
regular  output  of  these  metals  the  present  prosper- 
ity of  the  country  could  not  continue:  when  the 
mining  industry  languishes,  every  other  industry  lan- 
guishes likewise.  This  is  why  mining  is  justly  styled 
the  basic  industry.  The  unparalleled  prosperity  of 
this  country  during  the  past  six  years  is  proportional 
with  the  flourishing  condition  of  the  mining  industry 


in  that  time.  Should  its  life  wane,  so  also  would  the 
life  of  every  other  industrial  enterprise.  Hence  it  is 
that  they  who  would  recklessly  end  the  present  era 
of  industrial  prosperity  by  making  it  unwise  or  un- 
profitable to  commence  or  continue  mining  operations 
are  in  the  same  position  as  the  man  who  sawed  off 
the  limb  of  the  tree  on  which  he  sat.  This  seems  to 
be  a  department  in  which  human  experience  of  the 
most  disastrous  kind  counts  for  nothing.  Men  have 
to  learn  the  same  sad  lesson  of  the  centuries,  each 
generation  by  itself,  in  ignorance  or  defiance  of  the 
eternal  and  inexorable  law  of  cause  and  effect. 


TO  get  the  best  of  "  strikes  "  some  industry  will 
eventually  organize  a  trust  in  which  employer 
and  employe  (capital  and  labor)  will  combine  to  cinch 
the  consumer.  In  that  way  the  employer  can  pay 
any  wage  demanded,  and  still  keep  going,  simply 
passing  the  raise  up  to  the  consumer.  This  is  most 
possible  in  a  skilled  industry.  If  the  consumers  don't 
like  it  they  can  organize  a  trust  of  their  own.  The 
situation  is  not  devoid  of  humor. 


Another  View  of  the  Yellow  Asttr  Property,  Rrandsburg,  Cal.     (See  Page   132.) 


127 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Oal. 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771. 


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All  Other  Countries  In  the  Postal  Union 5  00 

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Branch  offices: 
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San  Francisco,  August  29,  J903. 


TABLE    OF  CONTENTS. 


illustrations:  Pase- 

The  Yellow  Aster  Mine  and  Mill,  Randsburg,  Cal 1 26 

Another  View  or  the  Yellow  Aster  Property,  Randsburg,  Cal. .  126 
Fault  on  the  900-Foot  Level  of  Mahoney  Mine,  Sutter  Greek.  .129 

The  Cripple  Creek  Drainage  Tunnel    ..     130 

Properties  Through  Which  Tunnel  Passes 130 

Flume  and  Hydraulic  Work,  Boise  River,  Idaho 131 

Carrying  Water  in  a  48-Inch  Pipe  Over  Boise  River,  Idaho 131 

Drift  and  Stope,  321-Foot  Level,  Little  Butte  Mine,  Randsburg,  132 

Drift,  480-Foot  Level,  Little  Butte  Mine,  Randsburg 132 

Little  Butte  Mine,  Randsburg 132 

Air  Lift 133 

Timber  Stand  for  Five  Spitzkasten 134 

Arrangement  of  Series  of  Spitzkasten 134 

Double  Jet  Alcohol  Blow  Pipe 135 

The  Gross  Automatically  and  Mechanically  Stirred  Ore  Desul- 
phurizing Furnace 135 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 136 

editorial: 

"Standard  "  Size  Catalogues 126 

To  Get  the  Best  of  "Strikes" 126 

Cordial  Words  for  This  Journal 126 

A  National  Necessity 127 

Fooling  the  Credulous 127 

A  Splendid  Result 127 

MINING  SUMMARY 137-138-139-140-141 

latest  market  reports 142 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt 

Parting  Gold  and  Silver  Bullion.  

Electrolytic  Leaching  of  Copper  Ore 

The  Cripple  Creek  Drainage  Tunnel. 

Production  of  Platinum  in  1902 

Selium -. 

Mining  Aqueducts 

ANew  Alloy 

Sulphide  Treatment 

A  Test  for  Gold  and  Silver 

The  "  Grub  Stake  "  Proposition 

Value  of  United  States  Importations 

Mines  of  Randsburg,  Cal 

Value  of  Mexican  Exports  , 

Production  of  Cbromite  in  1902 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 

Modern  Methods  in  Ore  Treatment  by  Cyanidation 

The  Gross  Automatio  and  Mechanically  Stirred  Ore  Desul 

phurlzing  Furnace 

Double  Jet  Alcohol  Blow  Pipe 

Cedros  Island  Ores 

Points  on  Placer  Locations 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 

Personal 

Commercial  Paragraphs .' 

Catalogues  Received 

Obituary 

New  Patents 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 


128 
129 
129 
130 
130 
180 
130 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
131 
132 
132 
132 
133 
133 

135 
135 
135 
135 
.136 
141 
141 
141 
141 
141 
141 


A  National  Necessity. 

Much  has  been  said  in  this  journal  in  the  last  ten 
years  in  favor  of  the  creation  of  a  cabinet  depart- 
ment of  mines  and  mining,  and  the  arguments  ad- 
vanced in  supporting  such  a  measure  continue  to 
gain  in  force  by  the  natural  sequence  of  events.  The 
objection  is  noted  that,  as  the  supervision  of  the  min- 
ing industry  can  well  be  left  to  the  several  States, 
it  is  unnecessary  to  burden  the  general  government 
with  such  a  matter. 

But  that  is  only  begging  the  question.  The  point 
asserted  as  conceded  is  one  of  the  things  denied  by 
the  supporters  of  the  project.  The  supervision  and 
fostering  care  required  by  the  nation's  greatest 
basic  industry  is  justly  a  national  question,  and  can 
be  best  served  by  national  aid.  There  are  many 
things  that  the  several  sovereignties  which  make  up 
this  great  republic  can  do,  but  there  are  many 
things  that  none  but  the  national  government  can 
compass  with  justice  to  all,  and  this  is  one  of  them. 
The  federal  power  is  dominant  over  all,  and  when  it 
lays  the  great  aegis  of  its  supreme  authority  over 
any  subject,  that  takes  on  a  majesty  and  is  lifted  to 
a  lofty  height  of  industrial  importance  denied  to  any 
thing  controlled  solely  by  State  laws.  If  the  mining 
industry  of  the  United  States  were  confined  to  a  few 
insignificant  sections  of  our  common  country ;  if  the 
interests  it  represents  were  of  little  commercial  im- 
portance, or  if  its  destinies  had  little  influence  on  our 
national  life  ;  if  it  mattered  little  whether  the  mining 
industry  lived  or  languished,  and  if  the  issues  in- 
volved affected  only  a  small  part  of  the  people,  the 
objection  might  have  some  weight.     But   as   all  the 


other  industries  of  the  continent  rest  upon  the  min- 
ing industry ;  as  its  operations  are  coextensive  with 
the  extent  of  American  territory  itself ;  as  it  is  only 
the  federal  power  that  can  wield  the  necessary 
national  influence  to  administer  on  such  a  necessary 
national  industry,  it  is  only  business  that  requisite 
attention  be  bestowed  upon  such  industry  by  the 
creation  of  a  national  bureau  that  can  alone  give  the 
needed  attention  which  through  the  years  has  been 
withheld. 

The  question  cannot  be  downed  nor  put  aside;  it 
may  some  day  become  a  political  question,  just  as 
have  other  matters  of  less  import  in  our  national 
life.  Originally  when  we  were  weak  and  small  the 
Federal  Cabinet  had  but  four  members.  As  we  ad- 
vanced, the  President's  advisers  grew  in  number  with 
the  growth  of  the  country.  Many  things  needed 
fostering  care  and  protection,  and  they  rightly  got 
it.  The  mining  industry  never  asked  for  any  help. 
It  asks  none  now.  In  peace  or  war  it  has  ever  held 
up  the  arms  of  the  nation  and  with  sturdy  indepen- 
dence has  made  possible  the  splendid  progress  that 
has  marked  the  years  and  made  this  a  world-wide 
power.  The  fact  that  the  nation  occupies  the  fore- 
front rank  is  due  to  the  mining  industry  as  much  as 
to  any  other  one  factor  in  so  splendid  and  satisfactory 
a  result.  Nor  does  there  come  any  Macedonian  cry 
for  help  or  succor  from  any  miner  anywhere.  As  a 
private  proposition  the  mining  industry  of  the  nation 
and  the  several  States  will  advance  in  proportion  to 
the  wealth  they  develop  and  the  skill,  vim  and  science 
of  those  who  make  up  the  mining  world,  with  due  re- 
gard to  the  limitations  imposed  by  the  nation's  neg- 
lect. It  is  not  a  plea  for  assistance  nor  a  bid  for 
office  that  prompts  the  suggestion  that  a  cabinet 
department  of  mines  and  mining  is  needed.  It  comes 
from  a  clear  conception  of  national  requirements; 
from  a  knowledge  that  such  a  department  is  needed 
as  a  public  measure;  the  evidence  that  however  ef- 
ficient State  supervision  may  be,  it  lacks  the  iron-clad 
potency  of  federal  jurisdiction;  it  comes  from  the 
consciousness  in  the  minds  of  many  that  the  great  in- 
dustry that  has  furnished  so  great  a  part  of  our 
national  wealth  should  have  the  attention  that  will 
enable  it  to  be  of  even  still  greater  good  to  the 
nation  of  the  twentieth  century.  What  mining  has 
done  for  the  nation  is  but  an  index  of  what  it  can  do. 
As  a  business  proposition  it  would  be  the  best  paying 
investment  the  nation  ever  made  to  create  a  national 
department  of  mines  and  mining  and  have  a  repre- 
sentative of  the  nation's  greatest  industry  in  the 
President's  cabinet.  The  matter  is  not  a  narrow  one 
of  place  or  petty  politics;  it  is  one  of  wide  import 
and  should  be  treated  in  a  broad  gauge  way.  It 
should  be  the  province  and  the  purpose  of  our  public 
men  to  conserve  the  interests  of  their  country,  and 
where  duty  and  policy  so  plainly  dictate  the  way  it 
should  not  be  difficult  to  follow  it. 


U  TJOPE  springs  eternal  in  the  human  breast," 
X  X  and  so  does  folly,  the  latter  being  fostered  by 
fooling  the  credulous.  Profitable  extraction  of  gold 
from  sea  water,  oil  of  gold,  transmutation  of  silver, 
etc.,  into  gold  are  constantly  kept  before  those  who 
take  stock  in  that  sort  of  thing.  Occasionally  the 
game  is  varied.  A  Leadville,  Colo.,  genius  takes  a  half- 
page  advertisement  to  give  all  and  sundry  short  cuts 
to  fortune.  By  the  simple  process  of  exercising  his 
faculties  as  a  "prophetic  seer  and  psychic  "  he  can 
guarantee  to  anyone  fortunate  enough  to  be  pos- 
sessed of  a  dollar  how  to  succeed  in  stocks  or  actual 
mining  operations.  Those  who  buy  mining  stock 
worth  most  for  wall  paper  purposes  and  subsequently 
write  asking  an  opinion  regarding  its  unworth,  might 
well  advise  with  him.  They  couldn't  do  worse.  It 
is  questionable,  however,  whether  the  "seer  and 
psychic  "  can  be  of  much  avail  to  the  miner.  True, 
he  claims  in  his  advertisement  where  upon  payment 
of  $1  he  fell  into  a  "  trance  "  and  falling  out  thereof 
located  "nine  valuable  gold  and  copper  claims  in 
Gunnison  county."  True,  also,  according  to  the 
advertisement,  that  he  similarly  rediscovered  "lost 
ore  shoots "  in  Cripple  Creek  ;  yet  it  is,  after  all, 
unlikely  that  he  will  continue  to  content  himself  with 
a  paltry  dollar  fee  for  putting  others  in  position  to 
acquire  rapid  wealth  when  he  can  see  those  veins  of 
gold  in  the  ground,  and,  doubtless,  we  shall  all  pres- 
ently hear  that  he  has  discarded  such  slow  process 
of  accumulating  riches  and  gone  into  finding  rich 
store  of  gold  in  place  for  himself. 


A  Splendid  Result. 

The  decadence  of  the  once  famous  mining  town  of 
Virginia,  Nev.,  calls  to  mind  the  debt  that  mining 
owes  to  the  methods  pursued  by  the  miners  of  the 
Comstock  and  their  splendid  audacity  in  the  days 
when  it  took  nerve  to  do  what  they  did,  viz. :  prove 
the  existence  at  depth  of  ore  in  greater  paying 
quantities  than  surface  or  superficial  workings  would 
warrant.  Like  the  cautious  voyagers  of  ancient 
days,  who  crept  carefully  from  headland  to  headland, 
ever  content  to  skirt  the  shores  of  the  great  sea, 
many  miners  of  an  earlier  day  had  mostly  confined 
their  workings  to  be  continuous  only  with  the  con- 
tinuity of  ore,  and  when  a  "barren  zone"  was  en- 
countered work  usually  stopped  in  that  particular 
place.  If  the  oxidized  ore  gave  out  and  the  sulphurets 
came  in;  if  water  made  sinking  a  matter  of  expense, 
or  the  small  appropriation  made  further  progress  a 
question  of  doubtful  finance,  the  tendency  was  to 
stop  and  try  elsewhere.  But  as  Columbus,  sublime 
in  the  conception  of  scientific  fact,  forsook  the  shore 
and  sailed  boldly  out  to  discover  a  new  world,  so  the 
Comstock  miner  discarded  ancient  custom  and  re- 
gardless of  precedent  or  tradition  went  on  in  demon- 
stration of  the  fact  that  a  superficial  stratum  of  hard 
rock,  or  an  apparently  insuperable  obstacle  of  water 
or  swelling  ground,  only  made  necessary  the  exercise 
of  greater  enterprise  and  skill.  The  material  success 
that  crowned  his  efforts,  that  poured  a  steady  stream 
of  treasure  into  the  nation's  life  at  the  very  time  the 
nation  was  engaged  in  a  struggle  for  existence  and 
most  needed  help,  great  as  that  success  was,  is  but 
a  part  of  the  advantage  the  world  derived  in  the 
splendid  lesson  taught,  that  in  mining,  as  in  other 
things,  the  greater  the  obstacle  the  greater  the  in- 
centive to  overcome  it.  It  is  largely  because  of  his 
indomitable  courage  and  energy  that  deep  mining  is 
now  possible  in  every  place  where  now  successfully 
carried  on,  for  when  men  saw  the  vast  treasure  un- 
covered at  Mount  Davidson,  the  sight  told  them  that 
in  many  other  places  the  same  energy  would  tend  to 
the  same  success. 

Nevada  has  other  Comstocks  probably  equal  in 
value  to  the  Comstock  of  a  generation  ago,  and  is 
now  busy  uncovering  some  of  those  embryo  bonanzas. 
That  great  mining  State  has  had  its  day  of  de- 
cadence, but  will  have  its  day  of  assured  success, 
when  its  output  of  bullion  will  approximate  that  of 
the  early  70s. 

How  curiously  things  come  about  is  illustrated  in 
the  case  of  the  Comstock,  for  it  is  but  fair  to  say  in 
any  reference  to  this  matter  that  it  was  the  purchas- 
ing public  that  largely  enabled  the  miners  of  the 
Comstock  to  go  ahead  on  so  great  a  scale.  The  tre- 
mendous expenditure  in  those  days  of  enormous  cost 
was  made  possible  by  the  lavish  supply  of  funds. 
For  those  were  the  days  when  every  one  with  a  few 
dollars  to  spare  bought  stocks  in  the  Comstock,  and 
the  companies  operating  there  had  unlimited  funds 
at  their  disposal.  At  that  day  the  ordinary  private 
company  operating  in  California  or  Nevada  or  Colo- 
rado had  to  keep  a  close  watch  on  the  expense  ac- 
count, and  often  when  the  ore  secured  in  sinking  a 
hundred  feet  failed  to  yield  sufficient  profit  to  pay  for 
the  sinking  of  another  hundred  feet,  it  became  a 
question  whether  that  next  100  feet  would  be  sunk  or 
not.  In  the  case  of  the  Comstock  captains  they  were 
not  thus  hampered.  The  purchasing  public  mostly 
knew  little  and  cared  less  whether  the  mine  shaft 
was  down  300  or  3000  feet,  or  whether  the  breast  of 
the  drift  on  the  lowest  level  was  in  ore  or  not.  What 
they  were  watching  was  the  ticker  on  the  stock  ex- 
change, for  the  street  was  worked  then  as  diligently 
as  the  mine,  and  while  the  purchase  of  stocks  made 
an  ever-flowing  treasury  and  the  managers  had  un- 
limited funds  at  their  disposal,  the  temporary  owners 
of  the  stock  usually  held  them  only  long  enough  to 
"make  a  winning."  Thus  the  gamble  was  at  the 
bottom  of  it  all ;  but  this  does  not  detract  from  the 
skill  of  the  men  who  seized  the  opportunity  to  do 
some  of  the  biggest  things  in  mining  ever  heard  of, 
nor  does  it  affect  the  permanent  value  to  the  mining 
world  in  the  demonstrated  results.  The  copper  miner 
in  Michigan,  Montana  and  Arizona,  the  gold  miner  in 
South  Africa,  Australia,  Colorado  and  California,  the 
lead  miner  in  Missouri,  Idaho  or  British  Columbia,  is 
to-day  doing  bigger  work  with  better  results  because 
of  what  the  miners  of  the  Comstock  did  so  many 
years  ago. 


August  29,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


128 


p q 

CONCENTRATES. 

b o 


As  the  term  "amorphous"  means  not  formed  by 
crystallization,  It -can  not  be  correctly  applied  to  any 
alloy. 

* 

As  THE  ash  of  charcoal  is  strongly  alkaline,  It  would 
be  of  use  as  a  II u x  In  the  case  of  ore  reduction  re- 
ferred to. 

* 

A  SOLUTION  of  cyanide  out  of  which  all  oxygen  has 
been  removed  Is  not  capable  of  dissolving  any  gold  or  sil- 
ver out  of  their  ores. 

* 

Whenever  steel  works  are  established  on  the  Pacific 
coast  the  manganese  ore  deposits  will  be  of  commercial 
value,  but  are  not  thus  available  at  present. 
* 

Last  YEAR'S  world's  coal  production  was  about  920,- 
000,000  short  tons,  of  which  the  United  States  produced 
33%,  the  United  Kingdom  30%  and  Germany  20%. 

Nine  parts  of  lead,  two  parts  of  antimony  and  one 
part  of  bismuth  make  an  alloy  that  will  expand  when 
cooling,  this  being  of  practical  value  in  filling  holes  in 
castings. 

Acetylene  gas  has  a  specific  gravity  of  13,  referring 
to  hydrogen  as  a  unit,  or  of  0.92,  if  air  is  taken  as  the 
unit.  The  ordinary  specific  gravity  of  Illuminating  gas 
is  about  0.5. 

* 

IN  the  care  of  electric  machinery  cleanliness  Includes 
dryness,  for  wet  and  dirt  often  go  together.      Of  course 
there  is  much  apparatus  that  has  to  work  out  of  doors 
and  is  designed  accordingly. 
* 

No   attention  Is   to  be  paid   to  those  compounds 
"  fuel  stimulants,"  advertlEed  as  having  great  power  to 
increase  the  heating  value  of  coal.     They  are  "fakes," 
solely  designed  to  swindle  the  investor. 
* 

Opal  consists  of  hydrous  silica,   the  proportion  of 

water  varying  from  2%  to  13%  in  different  varieties.   The 

mineral   Is   softer   than   quartz,    hardness  from  5  to  6, 

quartz  being  7.  Its  speoific  gravity  ranges  froml. 9  to2.3, 

* 

To  harden  steel  In  the  case  of  ordinary  makes,  It 
must  be  heated  above  a  temperature  of  700°  C.  Salt 
water  conducts  heat  better  than  pure  water;  the  salt 
assists  In  keeping  the  surface  of  the  steel  clear  of  scale, 
and  therefore  aids  In  the  hardening. 
* 

A  oentrifdgal  pump  with  an  8-lnch  suction  pipe 
and  a  6-inch  discharge,  running  at  600  revolutions  per 
minute,  lifting  water  42  feet,  with  a  fall  of  12  feet  in  the 
suction  pipe  leading  to  the  pump,  would  have  a  the- 
oretical capacity  of  2650  gallons  per  minute. 
* 

Mica  for  electrical  purposes  must  be  free  from  oxides 
of  Iron  and  other  foreign  substances.  The  best  for  that 
purpose  comes  from  India.  Deposits  in  New  Hampshire 
and  North  Carolina  are  also  in  the  market  and  are 
largely  used,  aB  are  deposits  from  other  States  for  com- 
mutator work. 

* 

A  SIMPLE  chemical  test  will  distinguish  between  syl- 
vanlte  and  calaverite.  Boil  the  mineral  with  concen- 
trated nitric  acid.  The  decanted  solution  when  diluted 
and  tested  with  hydrochloric  acid  glveB  a  curdy  precipi- 
tate if  sylvanite ;  very  little  precipitate,  or  merely  a  tur- 
bidity, If  calaverite. 

* 

In  round  numbers  the  value  of  the  gold  mined  or  pro- 
duced In  the  United  States  In  the  last  calendar  year  was 
$88,000,000;  the  number  of  ounces  of  sliver  mined  in  the 
same  time  was  67,000,000;  copper  production,  300,000 
long  tons;  tons  of  lead  produced,  268,000,000;  tons  of  zlno 

produced,  160,000,000. 

* 

Stream  tin  has  been  recently  reported  In  southwest- 
ern Colorado,  but  not  authoritatively.  There  Is  no 
doubt  as  to  the  discovery  of  stream  tin  on  Buhner  creek, 
near  Cape  Prince  of  Wales,  Alaska,  but  not  in  commer- 
cial quantity,  the  matter  being  so  far  more  of  a  curiosity 
than  a  profitable  proposition. 
* 

The  contractor  Is  merely  a  pieceworker  on  a  larger 
scale.  As  he  Is  paid  by  the  job,  It  is  to  his  Interest  to 
turn  out  his  work  as  quickly  as  possible  and  to  get  as 
much  work  as  he  can  from  the  men  working  for  him. 
The  system  Insures  quantity.  To  Insure  quality  requires 
rigid  Inspection  and  the  holding  of  everybody  to  strict 

account. 

* 

The  staggering  headache  caused  by  giant  powder 
smoke  can  be  immediately  relieved  by  tablets  prepared 
especially  for  such  use.  If  those  prepared  tablets  can 
not  be  had,  a  combination  of  acetanlllde,  citrated  cafe- 
Ine,  soda  bromide  and  gelsemlum  will  afford  Instant  re- 
lief, but  that  combination  should  be  prepared  by  a  com- 
petent doctor  or  druggist. 

* 

The  recalescent  point  In  forging  steel  Is  that  at  which 
the  change  of  cooling  rate  takeB  place  and  when  begins 
a  change  In  the  structure  of  the  steel.      The  fluid   steel 


begins  to  crystallize  at  the  point  of  solidification.  If  the 
steel  be  heated  slightly  above  the  recalescent  point  when 
allowed  to  cool  It  will  be  found  that  the  crystallization  Is 
much  smaller  than  before. 

Concentrated  blende  In  carload  lots  from  the  Rob 
Roy  mine  at  Joplln,  Mo.,  has  assayed  as  high  as  65.46% 
zinc.  Pure  zinc  sulphide  contains  67.15%  zinc.  The 
Rob  Roy  concentrates'  yield  illustrates  the  high  grade  of 
the  ore  and  the  degree  of  efficiency  In  the  work  of  con- 
centrating. Lead  and  cadmium  alloy  with  zinc,  but  iron 
does  not  make  a  true  alloy. 

Very  little  dynamite  is  now  made  in  which  there  Is 
any  free  nitroglycerine.  In  nearly  all  instances  manu- 
facturers now  gelatlnate  the  nltro-glycerlne  with  soluble 
gun-cotton,  and  this  jelly,  and  not  nitroglycerine,  Is 
mixed  with  the  wood  meal  and  nitrate  of  sodium.  Picric 
acid  Is  made  from  nitrating  carbolic  acid.  It  Is  worth 
from  22  cents  to  26  cents  per  pound. 

* 
It  is  not  Infrequent  for  commercial  litharge  and  red 
lead  to  contain  a  trace  of  gold  and  noticeable  quantities 
of  silver.  The  best  brands,  however,  contain  no  gold 
and  but  the  slightest  trace  of  silver.  Pure  granulated 
lead  and  lead  foil  are  always  available  for  assayers'  use. 
The  average  loss  of  gold  In  crucible  assays  may  be  esti- 
mated to  be  about  .3%,  and  of  silver  about  2.5%. 

* 
Land  may  be  taken  up  for  a  mill  site  or  as  a  mill  site, 
In  connection  with  a  lode  claim,  and  held  by  use  for  pur- 
poses directly  connected  with  mining  even  though  it  Is 
not  used  as  a  mill  site,  the  requirement  being  that  It  be 
used  by  the  owner  or  locator  for  milling  or  mining  uses. 
The  five  acres  may  thus  be  used  as  a  boarding  house  for 
thOBe  employed  in  the  mine  or  mill,  or  for  ore  bins,  etc. 

* 
A  POND  of  water  the  surface  of  which  has  an  area  of 
765,000  square  feet  would  be  discharged  through  a  con- 
duit 15  feet  below  its  surface,  15  inches  In  diameter  and 
50  feet  In  length,  In  ninety-two  hours,  fifty-four  minutes 
and  ten  seconds.  A  pipe  with  a  diameter  of  9  inches,  a 
length  of  4750  feet,  and  under  a  head  of  17.5  feet,  will 
discharge,  theoretically,  69.67  cubic  feet  water  per  min- 
ute. 

* 

In  one  of  the  lateBt  processes  for  the  electro-metallur- 
gical production  of  zinc,  the  ground  ore  1b  passed  into  a 
bath  of  molten  zinc  chloride,  which  acts  on  the  silver 
and  lead  sulphides.  Chlorine  Is  then  passed  through  and 
acts  upon  the  zinc  sulphide,  converting  it  Into  chloride. 
The  chlorides  of  lead,  Bllver  and  other  metals  are  thus 
produced,  and  the  metals  can  be  fractionally  electro- 
lyzed  out. 

In  riveted  joints  for  steam  boilers  there  Is  a  possibility 
that  the  joint  may  fail  by  shearing  the  plate  between  the 
first  row  of  rivets  and  the  edge  of  the  plate,  especially  if 
the  first  row  is  the  only  one  put  in.  To  insure  proper 
strength  at  that  point,  the  rivets  should  be  set  back 
from  the  edge  of  the  plate  far  enough  to  provide  at  least 
as  much  metal  as  the  rivet  contains,  and,  If  slightly 
more,  so  much  the  better. 

* 

An  approximate  rule  for  determining  the  diameter  of 

rivets  Is  to  extract  the  square  root  of  the  thickness  of 

plate  and  multiply  It  by  1  25.      The  actual  diameter  of 

rivet  may  be  varied  Bllghtly  from  the  results  secured  by 

this  rule  In  order  to  use  standard  sizes.     For  Illustration, 

take  a  plate  .5  Inch  thick,  the  square  root  of  which  1b 

.71.     Then  .71  multiplied  by  1.25  equals  .8875  Inch.     The 

nearest  standard  size  Is  f-inch,  which  would  be  used  in 

such  a  case. 

* 

The  legal  responsibility  of  the  Idaho  labor  union  is  a 
matter  that  can  not  be  disposed  of  In  a  "  concentrate." 
The  question  is  Btill  one  of  energetic  legal  discussion. 
There  can  be  no  BerlouB  wrong  without  a  corresponding 
legal  remedy,  and  wherever  there  is  great  power  there 
must  be  an  equal  degree  of  responsibility.  In  the  case 
cited,  however,  the  question  would  seem  to  turn  upon 
the  point  as  to  whether  an  unincorporated  union  could 
Bue  or  be  sued. 

It  is  difficult  to  correctly  assure  accuracy  In  the  fire 
assay  for  lead.  In  the  volumetric  methods  the  ferro- 
cyanlde  and  molybdate  methods  are  considered  quick 
and  accurate.  The  ferrocyanide  Ib  best  performed  with 
a  1%  solution  of  potassium  ferrocyanide.  The  solution 
to  be  titrated  should  be  about  100  c.  c.  In  volume,  should 
contain  10  c.  c.  of  60%  acetic  acid,  and  should  be  at  tem- 
perature of  about  60°  C.  The  correction  for  indicator 
is  about  0.8  c.  c. 

Carbide  or  iron  contains  three  atoms  of  Iron  to  one 
of  carbon  and  occurs  in  all  steel  of  ordinary  use.  In 
metallurgy  it  is  called  cementite.  There  is  about  0.8% 
carbon  in  ordinary  commercial  steel  and  about  0.89%  in 
pure  carbon  Bteel.  The  most  commonly  accepted  theory 
of  how  the  addition  of  carbon  to  iron  creates  the  alloy 
known  as  steel,  is  that  by  getting  between  the  iron  crys- 
tals it  stiffens  the  whole  mass  up,  thus  producing  the 
great  increase  of  strength. 

* 

Steel  is  coming  into  favor  in  some  localities  for  shaft 
lining.  The  question  is  entirely  an  economic  one.  Which- 
ever costs  lesB  is  the  be9t,  the  question  of  "cost  "  to  be 
considered  In  all  its  bearings.  In  this  regard  too  much 
attention  can  not  be  justly  given  to  statistics  that  do  not 
take  all  the  facts  into  consideration.     Nothing  is  more 


misleading  than  statistical  Information  when  one  or  two 
Important  factors  are  omitted.  Both  Bteel  and  wood 
have  their  places  In  shaft  lining,  and  local  surroundings 
determine  which  is  the  cheapest.  In  the  oase  from 
whence  comes  the  Inquiry  'northern  Montana),  timber 
would  undoubtedly  be  the  choaper. 
* 
To  COMPUTE  the  form  of  an  Irregular  body  weigh  It 
in  and  out  of  fresh  water,  and  note  the  difference  in 
pounds:  then  as  62  5  (the  weight  of  a  cubic  foot  of  fresh 
water)  Is  to  this  difference,  so  Is  1728  (the  number  of 
Inches  in  a  cubic  foot)  to  the  number  of  cubic  inches  In 
the  body.  Or,  divide  the  difference  In  pounds  by  62.5, 
and  the  quotient  will  give  the  volume  in  cubic  feet. 
Thus  if  the  irregular-shaped  body  weighs  fifteen  pounds 
In  water  and  thirty  out,  It  has  a  volume  of  414.72  cubic 
Inches. 

* 

Electrical  power  has  attained  Its  highest  develop- 
ment, so  far  as  transmission  Is  concerned,  in  the  western 
part  of  America.  In  Colorado,  Utah  and  California  are 
some  notable  long  distance  electric  transmissions.  In 
the  latter  State  as  a  successful  paying  proposition  sixty 
thousand  volts  are  transmissible  over  200  miles.  In 
Mexico  the  Guanajuato  Power  &  Electric  Co. 's  line  now 
in  process  of  completion  is  105  miles  long,  and  will  work 
at  60,000  volts  three-phase.  In  this  latter  Instance  it  Is 
designed  to  minimize  the  possibility  of  Insular  weakness 
by  using  steel  towers  and  long  spans  of  conductor  be- 
tween supports. 

IN  parting  with  nitric  or  sulphuric  acid  the  gold 
almost  Invariably  retains  a  small  percentage  of  silver. 
Because  of  this  the  weight  of  gold  resultant  Is  usually  a 
little  more  than  It  actually  ought  to  be,  and  that  of  sil- 
ver a  little  less.  When  nitric  acid  is  used  for  parting, 
the  error  is  partly  balanced  or  even  transposed  in  char- 
acter by  the  solution  of  a  little  gold,  the  latter  case  gen- 
erally occurring  when  the  proportion  of  silver  to  gold  is 
large.  With  ordinary  work  the  possible  error  is  very 
slight  and  the  matter  is  of  consequence  only  in  the  assay 
of  bullion.  Ordinarily  the  silver  retained  by  the  gold 
after  parting  will  not  amount  to  more  than  .3%.  In  bul- 
lion assays  the  parted  gold  will  retain,  as  a  general 
thing,  about  .1%  or  less  of  silver.  The  exact  amount  of 
error  In  any  case  can  be  determined  by  check  assays 
with  pure  gold  and  silver. 

* 

The  weight  of  a  cubic  foot  of  compressed  air  at  85 
pounds  at  70°  F.  equals  .58  pound.  Nothing  but  the  best 
grade  of  air  cylinder  oil  should  be  used  for  lubricating 
air  cylinders.  Cheap  or  poor  grades  contain  light  un- 
suitable oils  which  will  volatilize  at  high  tempera- 
tures, especially  in  the  case  of  simple  compression  to 
100  pounds.  Such  oils  also  contain  residue,  which  col- 
lects around  the  valve  or  in  the  discharge  passages,  and 
Interferes  with  the  proper  operation  of  the  compressor. 
Where  oils  are  used  which  volatilize  easily  the  gas 
formed  collects  in  the  discharge  pipe  and  receiver,  and 
when  mixed  with  the  air  coming  from  the  cylinder  and 
contained  in  the  receiver  forma  an  explosive  mixture 
under  pressure  and  at  a  temperature  which  requires  only 
a  slight  increase  to  cause  spontaneous  ignition,  and  a  pos- 
sibly serious  explosion  might  thus  result.  The  cylinder 
lubricators  should  always  be  closed  the  moment  the  com- 
pressor is  shut  down  to  prevent  oil  accumulating  in  the 

cylinder. 

* 

Repining  sliver  containing  small  amounts  of  gold 
and  other  impurities  is  now  a  common  commercial 
proposition.  Only  the  gold  residues  reach  the  mint. 
The  scarcity  of  Bilver  deposits  at  those  government  in- 
stitutions is  to  the  employes  a  serious  inconvenience, 
since  the  usual  acid  refining  methods  require  a  large 
amount  of  that  metal  as  parting  material  in  treating  the 
gold  bullion  received.  The  great  mass  of  mint  gold  de- 
posits contain  some  silver  and  are  usually  too  impure  for 
either  coinage  or  Industrial  use  without  refining.  Some 
contain  platinum,  which  is  lost  in  the  usual  wet  pro- 
cesses. It  has  been  the  mint  practice  to  alloy  the  gold 
in  the  deposits  with  two  and  one-third  times  its  weight 
of  silver,  and  subject  this  mixture  to  the  action  of  nitric 
or  sulphuric  acid.  In  consequence  of  the  very  limited 
deposits  of  silver,  it  is  necessary  to  use  the  same  silver 
repeatedly  as  parting  material,  at  a  geat  expense  for 
acid.  If  two  and  one-half  times  aB  much  impure  silver 
as  of  gold  came  to  the  U.  S.  mints,  the  parting  process 
would  not  be  so  wasteful. 

* 

It  IS  a  necessary  part  of  mining  development  in  the 
long  run  that  a  United  States  patent  be  procured  for  the 
ground.  It  constitutes  the  only  sure  title,  and  in  the 
case  of  a  proposed  sale  the  purchaser  will  consider  the 
question  of  title  next  in  importance  only  to  the  possible 
value  and  extent  of  the  ore.  True,  It  costs  a  good  deal; 
costs  more  than  It  should,  but  it  is  of  iron  clad  potency 
and  is  a  deterrent  to  litigation.  In  case  of  a  stock  com- 
pany instances  are  not  wanting  where  with  every  intent 
to  be  honest  those  in  charge  while  spending  considerable 
money  in  requisite  development  omitted  to  secure  a  pat- 
ent, and  when  the  money  ran  out  and  trouble  came,  the 
ground  finally  became  subject  to  relocation,  with  the 
result  that  the  innocent  stockholders  lost  the  property. 
It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  no  matter  if  the  ground 
has  been  steadily  worked  for  twenty  years,  no  matter 
how  much  in  the  way  of  improvements  may  be  thereon, 
a  failure  to  put  a  paltry  $100  worth  of  annual  improvement 
during  any  of  the  required  time  may  cause  the  ground 
to  revert  to  the  government  under  the  letter  of  the  law, 
and  thus  be  subject  to  relocation. 


i29 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August,  29,  1903. 


Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 

MDMBER  II. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  H.  Storms. 

It  is  a  noticeable  feature  of  the  lode  that  the  prin- 
cipal fissures  occur  generally  along  a  gulch  or  val- 
ley. Where  this  is  the  exception,  the  rocks  forming 
the  country  adjacent  to  the  lode  have  generally  been 
protected  from  erosion  by  ancient  river  channels, 
overlain  by  a  heavy  deposit  of  volcanic  material,  the 
general  course  of  which  is  across  the  lode.  At  Jack- 
son a  valley  half  a  mile  or  more  in  width  runs  parallel 
with  the  lode  for  nearly  2  miles,  On  the  east  side  of 
the  valley  the  dolomitic  vein  reappears  with  all  of  its 
usual  features,  and,  like  the  greater  part  of  the  lode 
elsewhere,  is  low  grade  in  gold.  On  the  west  side  and 
along  the  bottom  of  the  valley  the  fissures  are  largely 
in  black  clay  slate  or  partly  at  contact  with  the 
slates  and  amphibolite  schist.  In  the  Kennedy  and 
Argonaut  mines,  which  are  the  most  extensively  de- 
veloped in  Jackson  district,  the  vein  occupies  the 
plane  of  a  reverse  fault  in  its  upper  portion,  but  in 
the  lower  levels  it  splits  up  and  large  masses  of  gold- 
bearing  quartz  are  formed  in  the  amphibolite  schist. 
In  the  Kennedy  mine,  on  the  2100  level,  a  somewhat 
anomalous  occurrence  is  noticed  in  the  formation  of  a 
large  vein  in  the  foot  wall  diabase.  This  vein  strikes 
approximately  with  the  main  fissure,  but  dips  east- 
erly and  southerly  at  0°  to  30°,  and  at  one  place  has  a 
slight  west  dip,  the  dip  of  the  main  fissure  varying 
from  60°  to  70°  below  the  800-foot  level,  being  some- 
what flatter  above.  In  some  of  the  lower  levels  of 
the  Kennedy  and  Argonaut  mines  veins  of  solid  quartz 
occur  25  to  30  feet  in  width.  Usually  several  feet  of 
the  foot  wall  portion — 7  to  10  feet — are  high-grade 
ore  and  the  balance  is  low  grade.  The  foot  wall  por- 
tion is  usually  banded.  In  these  mines  the  structure 
of  the  veins,  as  influenced  by  the  rock  in  which  they 
occur,  is  particularly  noticeable,  though,  generally 
speaking,  similar  conditions  produce  like  results  else- 
where. '  In  those  portions  of  the  vein  occurring  in 
slate,  the  vein  is  usually  banded  and  forms  that  type 
of  vein  structure  known  to  miners  as  "  ribbon  rock." 
Often  in  these  veins  the  movement  of  the  walls  has 
been  communicated  to  the  vein  itself,  and  polished 
faces  within  the  vein,  due  to  these  movements,  are 
not  uncommon.  Where  one  wall  is  composed  of  slate 
and  the  other  of  amphibolite  schist,  the  slaty  side  of 
the  vein  usually  develops  the  banded  structure,  the 
schist  side  showing  a  more  massive  condition,  with 
usually  more  or  less  of  the  schist  included  in  the  vein. 
A  sharp  line  of  demarkation  usually  distinguishes  the 
separation  of  these  two  types  of  structure,  with  the 
smooth,  polished  faces  of  quartz  at  the  line  of  junc- 
tion. This  structural  condition  suggests  that  the 
mineralization  has  extended  outward  from  a  single 
fissure  or  crack,  the  slate  being  gradually  silicified 
on  one  side  and  the  schist  similarly  altered  on  the 
other.  The  heavy,  putty-like  gouges  which  nearly 
always  accompany  the  veins  of  this  portion  of  the 
lode  seem  to  have  been  formed  almost  entirely  by 
movement  subsequent  to  the  formation  of  the  vein. 
This  is  evidenced  by  the  occurrence  within  the  gouge 
of  fractured  pieces  of  vein  quartz,  ground  up  and 
broken  pieces  of  iron  sulphide  and  other  conditions 
which  clearly  indicate  that  these  fissures  have  been 
planes  of  movement  during  a  long  period,  both  prior 
to  vein  formation  and  subsequent  thereto.  In  some 
instances  well-formed  veins  are  found  crushed  and 
breceiated  and  recemented  by  silica.  These  often 
include  black  fragments  of  slate  or  schist  and  give  to 
the  ore  a  peculiar  spotted  appearance.  For  this 
character  of  rock  the  miners  have  various  local  names 
— "bull  quartz,"  "boulder  quartz"  and  "magpie" 
are  the  names  most  commonly  heard.  This  character 
of  rock  is  usually  low  grade  and  often  worthless.  It 
often  occurs  in  large  masses  up  to  150  feet  in  thick- 
ness. It  occurs  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  through- 
out the  lode,  and  elsewhere  in  California,  and  may  be 
ascribed  to  similar  conditions  as  to  structure  and 
movement  of  surrounding  rocks  wherever  found. 

Northward  from  the  Argonaut  and  Kennedy  mines 
the  vein  passes  beneath  an  ancient  river  channel,  re- 
appearing a  few  thousand  feet  northward  at  the 
Oneida  mine.  Here  the  lode  is  practically  reduced 
to  a  singe  fissure  in  the  slates.  The  mine  is  developed 
to  a  depth  of  2200  feet  and  exhibits  the  usual  charac- 
teristics, just  described,  as  being  representative  of 
the  Kennedy.  Northward  of  the  Oneida  mine,  the 
lode  again  is  buried  beneath  an  ancient  ohannel,  and 
is  found  beyond  in  the  South  Eureka  mine.  It  should 
be  understood,  however,  that  the  vein  is  here  con- 
tinuous throughout,  and  that  the  mine  workings  ex- 
tend for  thousands  of  feet  beneath  the  old  river 
channels. 

In  the  South  Eureka  mine  the  vein  is  much  shifted 
and  contorted,  and  faults — called  by  the  miners  cross- 
heads — are  numerous,  rendering  the  mine  difficult  to 
work  and  expensive  to  keep  open.  All  of  the  mines 
in  this  portion  of  the  lode  in  black  slate  walls  have 
heavy,  swelling  ground,  and  the  expense  incident  to 
keeping  up  this  kind  of  ground  is  almost  equal  to  the 
first  cost  of  opening  the  mine  workings,  owing  to  the 
mining  methods  in  general  use,  and  if  the  workings 


are  required  to  be  kept  open  for  long  periods,  the 
cost  greatly  exceeds  the  original  expense  of  cutting 
and  timbering  a  drift  or  other  workings.  The  method 
of  making  all  permanent  excavations,  such  as  shafts 
and  the  main  gangways  in  the  wall  rocks,  at  a  dis- 
tance from  the  vein  sufficient  to  avoid  the  swelling 
ground,  has  been  repeatedly  suggested,  but  with  few 
exceptions  has  not  been  put  into  actual  practice; 
but  these  isolated  exceptions  readily  prove  the  advan- 
tage that  this  system  of  mining  would  afford.  This 
applies  with  emphatic  force  to  the  large  three-com- 
partment shafts,  which,  when  sunk  in  the  fissures, 
prove  to  be  very  expensive  to  maintain.  Rapid  wind- 
ing through  such  shafts  is  extremely  dangerous,  if 
not  impossible,  owing  to  shifting  of  the  position  of  shaft 
timbers.  All  such  shafts  are  sunk  on  an  incline  usu- 
ally approximating  63°.  Several  deep  vertical  shafts 
have  been  sunk  within  the  past  few  years  to  depths 
of  2000  to  2700  feet.  The  most  noted  of  these  are 
the  Oneida,  down  2200  feet,  which  cut  the  vein  at 
1900  feet,  and  the  Kennedy,  down  nearly  2700  feet, 
which  is  calculated  to  reach  the  vein  at  about  3500 
feet. 

These  shafts  are  sunk  through  the  hanging  wall 
country  through  diabase,  amphibolite  schist  and  black 
slate.  ■  The  Argonaut,  some  years  since,  sunk  an  in- 
clined shaft  in  the  hanging  wall  schists,  and  passed 
through  the  fissure  at  about  450  feet,  again  cutting 
the  vein  below  the  1000-foot  level,  the  vein  having 
taken  a  steeper  pitch,  while  the  shaft  was  maintained 
at  a  uniform  angle  of  63°.  These  shafts,  expensive  in 
first  cost,  have  proven  already  far  cheaper  than  any 
of  the  shafts  sunk  on  the  vein  fissure,  for  the  reasons 
above  given. 

Prom  the  north  end  of  the  South  Eureka  south- 
ward, on  the  divide  between  Jackson  and  Sutter 
Creek,  the  fissure  system,  as  previously  explained, 
consists  of  a  number  of  approximately  parallel  veins; 
but  in  the  Central  Eureka,  joining  the  South  Eureka 
on  the  north,  and  in  the  Bidger  and  Eureka,  which 
lie  immediately  north  of  the  Central  Eureka,  the  vein 
system  is  reduced,  as  far  as  development  has  gone, 
to  practically  a  simple  fissure,  with  a  few  small 
branches  which  extend  into  the  hanging  wall. 

The  black  slates  which  accompany  the  main  fissures 
for  a  distance  of  nearly  3  miles,  with  greatly  varying 
width,  and  often  split  up  by  the  intrusive  diabase, 
and,  possibly,  by  faulting,  into  several  separate 
tongues  of  slate,  are  here  not  over  100  feet  wide. 

The  Central  Eureka  mine  is  developed  to  a  depth 
of  over  2000  feet  through  an  inclined  shaft.  The 
vein  varies  from  4  or  5  feet  to  20  feet  or  more  in 
thickness,  with  lenses  of  quartz  ore  from  a  few  inches 
to  large  masses  nearly  filling  the  fissure.  The  fissure 
is  more  simple  than  in  any  of  the  several  mines  above 
described,  and  may  be  considered  an  ideal  vein  in  this 
respect.  The  quartz  is  partly  banded  and  partly 
massive,  as  in  the  other  mines  of  the  vicinity. 

North  of  the  Central  Eureka,  the  Amador  Consoli- 
dated (Badger  and  Eureka),  which  has  been  idle  for 
thirty  or  more  years,  is  worked  to  a  depth  of  about 
2100  feet  and  has  a  record  of  producing  $18,000,000. 
It  is  said  to  be  geologically  similar  to  the  Central 
Eureka — a  simple  fissure  vein,  though  of  greatly 
varying  width.  The  Wolverine,  at  Sutter  Creek,  ad- 
joins the  Eureka,  and  was  developed  to  a  depth  of  1000 
feet  with  extensive  levels,  but  it  never  proved  largely 
profitable.  This  fissure  extends  uninterruptedly 
northward,  so  far  as  known,  into  the  Wildman  mine, 
in  the  town  of  Sutter  Creek,  and  in  its  southern  por- 
tion it  is  supposed  to  maintain  the  character  devel- 
oped in  the  Eureka  and  Central  mines ;  but  in  the 
south  end  of  the  Mahoney  mine  the  vein  splits,  one 
branch  extending  northerly  through  the  Mahoney  or 
Hector  mine  into  the  Belmont,  and  the  other,  the 
west  branch,  runs  through  the  southern  portion  of 
the  Mahoney  into  the  Lincoln  mine. 

The  northern  end  of  the  Wildman  and  southern 
part  of  the  Mahoney  are  greatly  disturbed  by  faults 
and  flextures  down  as  far  as  the  1200  level  of  the 
former,  at  least.     (Sse  Fig.  1.)    This  is  particularly 


interesting  in  view  of  the  fact  that  for  a  mile  to  the 
southward  (to  the  north  end  of  the  South  Eureka 
mine),  the  fissure  is  comparatively  undisturbed.  The 
ore  bodies  of  the  Wildman-Mahoney  lie  between  two 
reefs  of  black  slate,  though  these  slates  do  not  come 
in  direct  contact  with  the  ore  bodies.  The  splitting 
of  the  fissure  into  two  distinct  veins  in  the  Mahoney 
is  not  duplicated,  as  far  as  known,  on  any  other  por- 
tion of  the  gold  belt,  for  the  two  branches  do  not  re- 
unite. There  are  numerous  instances  southward 
where  the  veins  split  and  in  a  greater  or  less  distance 
are  reunited,  but  such  is  not  the  case  here. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Fig.  I — Fault  on  the  900-Foot  Level  of  the  Mahoney  Mine,  Sutter  Crtek,  Cal 


Parting  Gold  and  Silver  Bullion. 

There  are  three  methods  of  parting  gold  and  silver: 
The  nitric  acid,  the   sulphuric  acid,  and  the  electro- 
lytic   process,     respectively.      The    latter    is    well 
adapted  to  large  smelting  works.      The  nitric   acid 
process  is  the  oldest.      It  is  thoroughly  satisfactory, 
but  the   comparatively  high  price  of  nitric  acid  and 
the   necessity  of   using  either  platinum  or  porcelain 
vessels  has  led  to  its  being  superseded  in  many  mod- 
ern refineries  by  the  sulphuric  acid  parting  process. 
Diluted  sulphuric  acid  has  no  action  on  silver,  but  the 
strong  acid,   when  heated,   is  decomposed  by  that 
metal,  giving  off  sulphurous  acid  -and  forming  silver 
oxide,  which  passes  into  solution  in  the  excess  of 
acid  as  silver  sulphate.      If  gold  is  present  in  per- 
centage, not  to  exceed  one-third  of  the  whole,  strong 
sulphuric  acid  will  extract  the  silver  and  leave  the 
gold   as   a   granular   brown  sediment.      Should   the 
bullion  contain  one-half  gold,    the  latter  metal  will 
protect  the  silver  against  acid  attack,  and  the  re- 
sult will  be  failure.     It  is  the  business  of  the  refiner 
to  adjust  for  the  melting  pot  gold  deposits  with  those 
of  silver  carrying  small  quantities  of  gold,  or  to  add 
fine  silver  so  as  to  have  from  two  to  three  parts  of  sil- 
ver for  each  part  of  gold.  Such  an  admixture  is  melted 
in  a  large  crucible,  thoroughly  mixed,  and  then  with 
a  dipping  cup,   is  poured  into  cold   water.      Most 
bullion  contains  varying  quantities  of  copper,  and 
this  metal  works  very  badly  in  strong  sulphuric  acid. 
While  decomposing  the  acid  with  formation  of  copper 
sulphate,  the  latter,  unlike  the  silver  sulphate,  is  in- 
soluble in  oil  of  vitriol,  hence,  if  present  in  any  consid- 
erable quantity,  copper  soon  acts  as  a  protector  to 
the  bullion  and  the  chemical  action  either  ceases  or 
becomes  tediously  slow.      Besides  apportioning  the 
silver  to  gold,  it  is  necessary,  therefore,  to  so  com- 
bine deposits  that  the  granulations  do  not  contain 
more  than  6%  to  8%  of  copper.     The  success  of  this 
process  really  depends  upon  the  tact  that  while  weak 
sulphuric  acid  rapidly  dissolves  iron,  yet,  if  the  acid 
be  strong  enough,  it  has  no  appreciable  action — just 
the  reverse  of  its  relations  to  silver.     Cast  iron  ves- 
sels may,  therefore,  be  employed.    Large  iron  kettles 
are   used,    weighing  half  a  ton,  mounted  over  a  fur- 
nace.     Into   this   a   charge   of  300  to  400  pounds  of 
granulated  bullion  is  placed,  and  covered  with  three 
or  four  times  its  weight  of  acid — 66  B.     Heat  is  ap- 
plied, when  a  lively  evolution  of  sulphurous  acid  sets 
in,  which,  if  too  violent,  must  be  checked  by  the  addi- 
tion of  a  little  cold  acid  and  slackening  of   the  fire. 
This   boiling  is  continued  for  several  hours,  during 
which   time   the  escaping  and   consumed  acids  are 
gradually  replaced.      When  the  solution  is  complete 
the  fire  is  withdrawn  and  the  contents  of  the  kettle 
allowed  to  quietly  settle.     A  little  cold  acid  is  added 
to    aid    the    precipitation    of  any  suspended  gold. 
Hoods  over  the   kettles  carry  off  the  fumes  to  con- 
densing and  suppression  apparatus.      The  strongly 
acid  solution,  while  still  hot,  is  siphoned  off  into  the 
reducing  houses.      These  are  long,  rectangular  vats 
lined  with  lead,  and  provided  with  sloping  covers. 
Slabs  or  ingots  of  metallic  copper  are  placed  on  the 
bottom  and  sides  of  these  vats,  which  are  then  partly 
filled  with  cold  water.     The  hot  silver  solution  is  then 
run  in,  with  resultant  crackling  and  spluttering.   The 
result  is  a  weak  solution  of  silver  sul- 
phate, rendered  milky  by  the  separa- 
tion of  fine  crystals  of  that  salt,  the 
solubility  of  which  is  very  slight  in 
pure   water.      The   copper    immedi- 
ately begins  to  precipitate  the  silver 
as    a  crystalline    mass,    easily    de- 
tachable from  the  plates  when  the 
operation  is  complete.    This  requires 
about  twenty-four  hours.    Meanwhile 
the  copper  has  taken  the  place  of  sil- 
ver, leaving  a  strong  solution  of  cop- 
per sulphate  (blue  vitriol).    This  blue 
solution  is  drawn  off  for  crystalliza- 
tion, and  the  spongy  silver  carefully 
transferred    to    leaching     tubs    for 
thorough  sweetening  with  fresh  wa- 
ter.    The  silver,  now  in  the  form  of 
minute,  flaky  crystals,  is  compacted 
into  cakes   by   means    of    hydraulic 
pressure  and  these  cakes  dried  in  a 
current  of  warm  water,   after  which 
a  simple  fusion  in  a   black-lead  cru- 
cible  without   fluxes  gives  a  bullion 
0.998  or  0.999  fine.      If  silenium  or 
tellurium  is  present  in  the  bullion,  it 
will  pass  into  solution  with  the  silver 
and  be  deposited  with  it  by  the  cop- 
per plates.    In  this  case  the  spongy 


August  20,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


130 


silver  will  be  dark  colored  and  the  melt  will  be  brit- 
tle. It  must  then  be  fluxed  with  niter.  The  sulphate 
of  copper  is  then  carefully  prepared  for  the  market, 
the  proceeds  thus  materially  reducing  the  expense. 

Electrolytic  Leaching  of  Copper  Ore. 

A  low-grade  copper  ore  can  be  leached  ;  the  com- 
mercial results  may  not  be  wholly  satisfactory.  If 
there  are  large  quantities  of  ore  and  one  has  money, 
he  may  make  a  commercial  success.  The  process 
itself  does  not  offer  many  great  difficulties.  The  cop- 
per must  be  transformed  into  a  sulphate,  if  water  is 
to  be  had  cheap  enough.  If  sulphuric  acid  can  be 
used,  a  simple  oxidizing  roasting  will  bring  the  cop- 
per to  a  condition  where  it  will  dissolve  in  diluted  sul- 
phuric acid.  If  the  copper  in  the  ore  is  a  carbonate, 
the  roasting,  of  course,  can  be  omitted  in  the  acid 
leaching.  It  is  a  common  practice  in  such  case  to 
pile  the  ore,  allowing  the  rain  and  air  to  oxidize  the 
copper  sulphides,  forming  copper  sulphate,  which 
water  will  extract  from  the  ores  ;  but  this  is  a  very 
tedious  process,  involving  a  long  wait  for  returns. 

The  ore  carrying  a  little  gold  and  copper  can  be 
leached  with  a  hot  solution  of  cupric  chloride  in  a 
rotating  barrel,  through  which  a  slow  alternating 
current  of  electricity  is  passed.  This  cupric  chloride 
solution  is  prepared  with  a  saturated  solution  of  cal- 
cium or  magnesium,  chloride  or  salt,  so  that  the  com- 
bined chemical  and  electrical  action  extracts  all  the 
copper  from  the  ore.  The  clear  solution  is  run 
through  a  barrel  containing  copper  oxides  or  hy- 
drates, which  will  remove  all  the  iron  and  similar  im- 
purities from  the  solution,  leaving  in  it  only  pure 
copper.  This  solution  is  then  passed  into  rectangular 
vats  containing  porous  asbestos  partitions  with  elec- 
trodes for  conveying  the  current  to  the  solution  as 
it  passes  in  the  vats.  As  the  copper  is  deposited 
the  solution  is  pumped  back  to  a  reservoir  for  fur- 
ther use,  this  being  made  to  last  indefinitely,  a  little 
water  being  added  to  make  up  for  evaporation  and  a 


The  Cripple   Creek  Drainage  Tunnel. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Prbss. 

The  more  extensive  development  of  Cripple  Creek 
mines  has  been  greatly  retarded  in  some  sections  by 
encountering  heavy  flows  of  water,  which  in  some  in- 
stances was  greater  than  the  pumping  plants  were 
able  to  handle,  though  of  great  capacity.  As  an  out- 
come of  this  condition,  the  expedient,  which  had  been 
successful  elsewhere,  that  of  driving  a  drainage  tun- 
nel, was  suggested  and  finally  undertaken  by  the  El 
Paso  Mining  Company  of  Beacon  Hill  under  the 
direction  of  William  Bitnbridge,  manager  and  super- 
intendent of  the  El  Paso  mine.  A.  C.  Jaquith  is  the 
engineer  in  charge  of  the  enterprise.  The  sum  of 
180,000  was  subscribed  by  the  several  companies 
whose  interests  were  directly  affected  by  the  success 
of  the  enterprise.     The  subscribers  were  as  follows  : 

Prank  F.  CaBtello,  for  the  Mary  McKlnney  Co. . .  .$15,000 

J.  Arthur  Connell,  for  the  Work  M.  &  M.  Co 1,600 

J.  R.  MoKlnnie,  for  the  Moon-Anchor  Co 1,500 

P.  J.  Campbell,  for  the  Anaconda  Co 4  000 

Irving  Howbert,  for  the  Anohoria-Leland  Co 2,500 

Sherwood  Aldrlch,  for  the  Elkton  G.  M.  Co 15,000 

Horace  Granfield,  fortheC.K  &  N.  Co 3,500 

Sam  S.  Bernard,  for  the  El  Paso  Co 25,000 

Prank  G.  Peck,  for  the  Midget  Co 1,500 

A.E.Carlton,  for  the  Doctor-Jack  Pot  Co 5,000 

Midland  Terminal  and  P.  &  C.  C.  Railway 2,500 

Taylor  &  Brunton,  sampler 1J0O0 

C.  M.  MacNelll,    for  U.  S.  Reduction   &  Refining 
Co 2,500 

Total $80,500 

This  subscription  was  equal  to  the  estimated  cost. 
Work  was  begun  on  the  tunnel  Jan.  25,  1903,  the  en- 
trance being  near  the  confluence  of  Cripple  Creek 
and  Arequa  gulch,  north  of  Grouse  mountain. 

The  level  of  the  drainage  tunnel  is  250  feet  below 
the  Standard  tunnel.  An  id«a  of  the  relative  position 
of  these  tunnels  may  be  gained  by  referring  to  the 
accompanying  sketch.     (Pig.  1.)    The  black  line  at 


itate  the  work.  These  are  shown  in  the  vertical 
section.  If  the  tunnel  be  continued  under  Raven  and 
Globe  hills,  its  length  will  exceed  12,000  feet,  or  about 
2J  miles,  without  counting  lateral  branches. 

Upon  the  success  of  this  enterprise  depends  the 
driving  of  a  second  dratuage  tunnel  at  a  lower  level. 
Shou'd  this  latter  project  be  undertaken,  it  will 
doubtless  be  well  under  way  before  the  reserves  made 
available  by  the  present  tunnel  are  worked  out. 

The  first  tunnel  to  drain  the  mines  of  the  district 
to  a  marked  extent  was  the  Moffat,  driven  into  Gold 
hill.  The  amount  of  water  flowing  from  this  tunnel 
reached  as  high  as  30(10  gallons  per  minute.  The 
Standard  tunnel  was  driven  about  200  feet  lower, 
which  completely  drained  the  Moffat  tunnel.  The 
present  tunnel,  driven  in  the  common  interest  of  all 
the  mines  of  that  vicinity,  is  called  the  Cripple  Creek 
drainage  tunnel.  The  site  for  a  second  syndicate  tun- 
nel has  not  yet  been  selected. 


Production  of  Platinum  in  1902. 

The  report  for  1902  to  the  United  States  Geologi- 
cal Survey  on  the  production  of  platinum  in  1902  is 
now  in  press.  The  report  is  in  two  parts — the  first 
being  the  report  proper,  by  Dr.  Joseph  Struthers, 
and  the  second  being  a  paper  by  Prof.  J.  F.  Kemp  on 
platinum  in  the  Rambler  mine,  Wyoming. 

The  production  of  platinum  from  domestic  ores  in 
the  United  States  decreased  from  1408  ounces,  valued 
at  $27,526,  in  1901 — the  largest  output  recorded  by 
the  Geological  Survey  since  1880 — to  94  ounces,  val- 
ued at  $1814 — the  smallest  production  since  1893.  In 
connection  with  the  platinum,  there  were  also  ob- 
tained from  the  ores  20  fine  ounces  of  iridium,  as 
against  253  ounces  in  1901.  The  domestic  supply  of 
platinum  in  recent  years  has  been  obtained  as  a  sec- 
ondary product  chiefly  from  gold  placer  deposits  in 
Trinity  and  Shasta  counties,  Cat.  It  is  reported 
that  the  metal  occurs,   though  not  in  commercially 


Ot„ie  Hilt 


5'*  • 
1$, 


Ec  fry-  jWfj&-Ut?£i. 


Qoa.6' 


„    A  VOCT  i  Tft      Di 


//r-*Tlo*  iT%*+ 


3ooo 

* 


Sooo' 


6O0Q' 

Fig.  1. 


7ooo' 


yooo' 


MINING  .NO  SCIENIIFIC  PRESS 


little  chemical  to  supply  losses  by  leakage.  The  ore 
being  freed  from  copper  is  then  in  condition  for 
cyaniding.  So  far  as  known,  however,  the  above  de- 
scribed process  has  not  been  tried  on  a  scale  that 
would  entitle  it  to  endorsement  from  a  commercial 
standpoint.  Carbonate  copper  ore  can  be  leached 
with  sulphuric  acid  and  deposition  by  electrolysis. 

A  generator  of  100  amperes,  through  a  series  of 
320  vats  or  plates,  will,  theoretically,  deposit  2000 
pounds  of  copper  per  twenty-four  hours  from  a  sul- 
phate solution,  and  nearly  4000  pounds  from  chlo- 
ride solution.  The  per  cent  of  bluestone  is  propor- 
tionate to  the  increase  or  decrease  of  surface;  with 
8%  it  would  be  10  feet.  Where  sulphate  is  used  and 
insoluble  anodes,  lead  or  carbon  would  do  for  the 
anodes.  The  vats  in  such  case  should  be  small,  so 
that  the  slimes  deposited  from  aeration  of  the  solu- 
tion could  be  easily  cleaned  out  without  disturbing 
too  much  of  the  series.  A  convenient  size  would  be 
4  feet  square  on  each  end  and  from  5  to  8  feet  in 


the  base  shows  the  line  of  the  tunnel,  the  unfinished 
portion  of  which  at  the  time  of  the  beginning  of  the 
recent  strike  is  indicated  by  the  cross. 

Prior  to  the  beginning  of  the  tunnel,  an  estimate 
was  made  for  the  Elkton  Co.  of  the  amount  of  coming 
water  in  the  Elkton  and  other  mines  of  the  vicinity, 
with  a  view  to  determining  the  advisability  of  con- 
tinuing pumping  operations.  Investigations  were 
made  covering  a  period  of  several  weeks,  and  these 
showed  that  the  quantity  of  water  varied  from  a 
minimum  of  40,000,000  gallons  to  170,000,000  gallons 
daily,  and  it  was  concluded  that  it  would  be  far 
cheaper  to  drive  a  long  drainage  tunnel  than  to  un- 
dertake to  drain  the  area  by  pumping  to  the  depth 
the  tunnel  could  reach. 

With  the  exception  of  the  small  uncompleted  sec- 
tion which  remained  a  few  days  ago,  the  tunnel  is  in 
about  5230  feet,  which  includes  that  portion  of  the 
El  Paso  workings  on  the  line  of  the  tunnel.  The  ac- 
companying sketch  map  (Pig.  2)  of  the  several  prop- 


rich  deposits,  in  many  other  gold  placers  of  Califor- 
nia, as  well  as  in  Washington,  Oregon,  Idaho,  Mon- 
tana, Colorado  and  Alaska.  The  Rambler  mine, 
Wyoming,  continues  to  attract  attention,  and  during 
the  year,  a  considerable  quantity  of  the  metal  was 
collected,  but  not  marketed,  by  the  Waratah  Minerals 
Co.  at  Eerby,  near  Grants  Pass,  Josephine  county, 
Oregon. 

The  Russian  sources  of  platinum  supply,  which 
furnish  about  90%  of  the  total  consumption  of  the 
world,  are  comparatively  limited.  The  platinum- 
bearing  ores  extend  along  the  eastern  watershed  of 
the  Ural  mountains  in  Eastern  Perm  and  along  the 
watershed  farther  south. 

The  imports  of  platinum  into  the  United  States 
during  1902  were  valued  at  $1,987,980  as  compared 
with  $1,695,895  in  1901. 

Seliuji  is  the  latest  metal  discovered.  E.  Mollard, 
a  Frenchman,    reports    its   discovery  by   him,    and 


length  if  a  simple  series  is  used,  or  15  feet  if  tandem 
series;  anodes  36x40,  or  with  common  series  can  be 
composed  of  smaller  pieces.  With  such  plate  service 
the  generator  should  have  about  125  voltage. 


Fig.  2. 

erties  through  which  the  tunnel  passes,  shows  the 
direction  of  its  alignment.  A  large  amount  of  work 
has  been  accomplished  from  the  El  Paso  shaft,  and 
two  other  shafts  were  sunk  on  the  tunnel  line  to  facil- 


claims  that  it  will  cost  only  one-twelfth  as  much  as 
aluminum;  that  it  is  lighter  and  stronger  than  that 
metal.  The  further  claims  that  it  is  rustless  would 
indicate  its  value  for  mine,  ship  and  railway  work. 


131 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29, 1903. 


Mining  Aqueducts. 

The  ditch  and  flume  of  the  hydraulic  miner  is  finely 
supplemented  in  many  cases  by  preparatory  work  of 
great  magnitude  and  expense,  carrying  immense  vol- 
ume of  water  through  unusually  large  pipes  over 
hills  and  across  valleys  at  a  difference  in  height 
sometimes  as  high  as  400  feet.  In  several  Colorado, 
California  and  Idaho  enterprises  48-inch  pipe,  thou- 
sands of  feet  in  length,  is  in  use. 

To  some  of  these  mining  aqueducts  the  term  "in- 
verted siphon "  is  applied.  The  first  contrivance  of 
the  kind  to  which  that  name  was  applied  is  believed 
to  have  been  that  put  in  by  the  Spring  Valley  Mining 
Co.,  at  Cherokee,  Butte  county,  Cal.,  in  1871,  a 
wrought  iron,  riveted,  30-inch  pipe,  14,000  feet  long, 
across  a  depression  of  about  950  feet.  The  structure 
was  described  in  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press 
at  the  time.  Since  then  the  size  and  make  of  the 
pipe  has  been  considerably  changed,  the  pipe  being 
often  now  made  with  an  expansion  joint,  and  at  times 
being  48  inches  in  diameter. 

The  term  "inverted  siphon"  is  not  technically  cor- 
rect, as  these  aqueducts  do  not  work  on  the  principle 
of  the  siphon.  Their  mission  is  to  utilize  the  press- 
ure of  the  water  at  the  inlet  to  maintain  a  regular, 
steady  flow,  forcing  the  water  of  the  outlet  branch 
or  arm  of  a  V-shaped  pipe  line  out  at  a  point  slightly 
below  the  level  of  the  inlet,  thus  carrying  water  at 
great  head  and  enormous  pressure  across  rivers, 
under  roads,  and  up  and  down  steep  bluffs  to  where 
it  is  needed  for  hydraulic  mining.  It  is  not  uncom- 
mon to  thus  spend  $300,000  or  $400,000  in  prepara- 
tory work. 

The  accompanying  engravings  show  how  water  is 


greatly  reduces  wear,  and  when  used  as  a  bearing 
for  a  journal  3|  inches  in  diameter  by  3J  long,  run  at 
525  revolutions  per  minute  and  loaded  to  1000  pounds 
per  square  inch,  the  loss  in  weight  was  but  a  fifth  of 
a  grain  in  100,000  revolutions.  Under  the  same  con- 
ditions, the  wear  of  gunmetal  of  varying  proportions 
of  copper  and  tin  was  from  2$  to  4  grains. 

Sulphide  Treatment. 

In  the  Carmichael-Bradford  process  gypsum  is  de- 
hydrated— turned  into  what  is  really  plaster  of  Paris 
— then  well  mixed  with  sulphide  concentrates  (or 
slimes),  the  percentage  of  gypsum  used  being  about 
20%.  Water  is  added,  and  when  the  mixture  is  thor- 
ough it  is  set  out  to  dry,  crushed  small  to  an  average 
size  of  1}  to  |  inch.  The  dust  is  sieved  out  and  set 
aside  to  be  again  mixed.  After  being  crushed  the 
mass  is  ready  for  the  converter;  size,  3  feet  9  inches 
across  top,  3  feet  1  inch  deep,  V-shaped,  bottom 
plate  well  covered  with  red-hot  coal,  of  equal  red- 
ness all  over,  to  a  depth  of  2  inches.  The  pot  is 
filled  with  the  rough  mixture — the  rougher  at  the 
bottom  and  the  finest  on  top — a  hood  is  placed  on  the 
top  and  1$  ounce  of  air  turned  on.  After  a  quarter 
of  an  hour  the  air  current  is  increased  to  2J  to  3 
ounces,  which  is  kept  going  until  the  pot  is  cooked. 
The  pot  used  in  recent  experiments  contained  12 
cwts.,  average  time  occupied  in  a  thorough  cooking 
1J  to  2  hours.  Slimes  take  no  longer  than  concen- 
trates. The  gist  of  the  process  is  in  the  use  of  the 
gypsum,  the  knowledge  of  the  percentage  necessary 
and  the  proportional  sizes  of  the  machinery  necessary 
for  the  charges.     The  machinery  is  simple — a  con- 


Flume  and  Hydraulic  Work,  Boise   River,  Idaho. 


Carrying  Water  in  a  48-Inch  Pipe,  1700  Feet  Long,  Over  Boise  River,  Idaho. 


thus  conveyed  in  an  "inverted  siphon"  in  an  Idaho 
hydraulic  mine,  Boise  river;  the  upper  picture  shows 
where  the  water  is  brought  from  Sheep  creek,  across 
the  Boise  river,  that  part  of  the  pipe  being  1700  feet 
in  length  and  48  inches  in  diameter.  The  lower  en- 
graving shows  the  flume  and  ditch  work  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  system,  where  the  water  finally  reaches 
its  work  on  the  gold  gravel  deposits. 

A  new  allot  for  bearings  subjected  to  heavy 
loads,  such  as  those  of  railway  axles,  is  described  by 
G.  H.  Clamer  as  consisting  of  64  parts  of  copper,  5  of 
tin,  30  of  lead  and  1  of  nickel.  The  metal  casts  well 
and  is  easily  worked.      Its  large  proportion  of  lead 


verter  and  a  blower,  the  latter  part  of  the  ordinary 
type  in  every-day  use.  The  air  is  conveyed  into  the 
converter  from  the  bottom.  If  the  process  is  used 
on  a  large  scale,  various  mechanical  devices  will  be 
adopted  for  saving  time  and  labor  in  respect  of 
charging,  tipping,  cleaning,  and  so  on.  The  product 
is  a  rough,  homogeneous  mass.  The  difficulties  stated 
to  be  overcome  are  incomplete  desulphurization,  loss 
of  metals  by  volatilization  and  the  fine  condition  of 
metals  to  be  fed  to  the  blast  furnaces. 

The  process  may  prove  valuable  in  the  treatment 
of  zinc.  Further  value  may  be  derived  in  distilling 
sulphuric  acid,  as  the  sulphur  from  the  pots  can  be 
liquefied  and  turned  into  the  acid. 


A  Test  for  Gold  and  Silver. 

To  test  quartz  for  the  presence  of  both  gold  and 
silver  by  the  use  of  nitric  or  muriatic  acid,  the  ore 
should  be  reduced  to  a  powder  sufficiently  fine  to 
pass  through  a  No.  60  sieve.  Place  this  pulp,  when 
screened,  in  some  flat  iron  vessel  over  a  fire,  so 
as  to  burn  out  those  elements  which  readily  sublime 
or  burn.  The  pulp,  when  cool,  should  be  placed  in  a 
glass  vessel  and  covered  with  nitric  acid,  pure  or 
slightly  diluted  with  water.  To  facilitate  the  action 
of  the  acid,  the  vessel  containing  the  acid  and  pulp 
should  be  set  in  a  pan  partially  filled  with  sand ;  then 
heat  the  pan.  The  sand  will  prevent  the  glass  ves- 
sel from  bursting  by  rapid  expansion.  As  soon  as 
the  acid  begins  to  boil  set  it  off  the  fire  and  let  re- 
main standing  for  several  hours.  Add  about  as 
much  again  water  as  there  is  acid  and  pulp,  then 
shake  or  stir  thoroughly  and  filter  off  the  liquid.  The 
liquid  thus  obtained  is  a  solution  of  the  nitrates  of  all 
the  metals  that  the  rock  contained  and  that  are 
soluble  in  nitric  acid.  Add  drop  by  drop  a  strong 
solution  of  common  salt.  If  a  white  precipitate  ap- 
pears after  adding  the  salt,  it  is  either  oxychloride 
of  bismuth,  mercurous  chloride  (calomel,  a  salt  of 
quicksilver),  or  chloride  of  silver.  To  tell  to  which 
of  these  three  classes  the  salt  belongs,  pour  off  the 
fluid  above  ;  if  it  dissolves  it  is  bismuth,  and  neither 
silver  nor  quicksilver.  If  it  does  not  dissolve  pour 
off  the  acid  and  to  the  precipitate  add  strong 
ammonia.  If  the  precipitate  dissolves  the  salt,  it  is 
silver  chloride.  If  it  does  not  dissolve,  it  is  quick- 
silver chloride  or  calomel.  To  the  dried  silver  chlo- 
ride add  an  equal  amount  of  washing  soda  or  borax, 
then  it  can  be  melted  to  a  "button "  of  bullion. 

As  to  the  gold,  take  the  pulp  and  filter  saved  from 
the  first  part  of  the  experiment  and  put  into  a  cru- 
cible and  heat.  The  filter  will  completely  burn. 
Next  put  the  pulp  through  a  very  fine  screen.  Now 
soak  for  two  days  in  an  acid  consisting  of  a  mixure 
of  four  parts  nitric  and  fifteen  parts  muriatic  acid, 
which  has  been  prepared  at  least  two  weeks  before. 
This  will  convert  any  gold  present  into  a  perchloride 
of  gold.  Platinum  will  also  be  converted  into  a  per- 
chloride. Again  filter  ;  take  the  liquid  that  filters 
through  and  evaporate  to  dryness,  either  in  a  porce- 
lain dish  or  glass  flask  in  the  sand,  as  before  de- 
cribed.  This  is  done  to  remove  the  acid.  Dissolve 
the  dry  residue  in  water,  simply  by  adding  warm 
water  to  the  flask  as  soon  as  it  is  sufficiently  cool  not 
to  burst  when  adding  the  water.  When  the  salt 
which  remained  in  the  flask  after  evaporating  is 
thoroughly  dissolved  again,  add  a  solution  of  ferrous 
sulphate  (  copperas)  or  of  oxalic  acid  and  set  aside. 
Let  stand  for  two  or  three  days.  A  fine  brown  pow- 
der precipitated  to  the  bottom  of  the  flask  is  pure 
powdered  gold.  Pour  off  the  liquid  above  the  pow- 
der, wash  thoroughly  and  dry.  These  precipitates 
may  be  melted  into  a  gold  "button,"  but  it  requires 
great  heat. 

The  following  is  a  simple  test  for  gold  which  may 
fill  ordinary  requirements  so  far  as  gold  is  con- 
cerned :  For  gold  in  oxidized  ores,  pulverize  the 
sample  and  place  in  a  porcelain-lined  vessel  or  tea 
cup,  cover  with  iodine  and  allow  it  to  stand  for  two 
or  three  hours.  Then  dip  into  it  a  piece  of  white  filter 
paper,  dry  and  burn  it,  and  if  it  gives  a  purple  color 
gold  is  present,  and  the  deeper  the  purple  the  richer 
the  ore.  For  other  ores  with  this  test,  such  as 
pyrites,  the  ore  must  be  roasted.  Where  lime  is 
present  the  ore  must  be  roasted  twice,  the  second 
time  adding  carbonate  of  ammonia.  After  roasting, 
test  as  with  oxidized  ores. 


The  "grub  stake"  proposition  is  always  a  good 
one.  It  can  be  called  a  mine  hunt,  or  a  mining  part- 
nership, or  anything  else,  but  the  original  name  ex- 
presses the  idea,  just  how  it  works  is  exemplified 
in  the  case  of  C.  M.  Taylor  of  Phoenix,  Arizona,  who 
started  prospecting  this  week  in  northern  Mexico. 
His  arrangement  is  with  the  Mexican  Mining  &  De- 
velopment Co.  He  has  the  States  of  Sonora  and 
Sinaloa,  Mexico.  He  gets  $3000  for  expense  money, 
$1000  down,  the  remainder  in  installments  of  $200 
per  month.  He  has  the  right  to  form  a  com- 
pany of  his  own,  and  confine  his  work  to  prospecting 
or  investigation  of  and  options  on  mining  properties. 
He  reports  to  the  head  company,  who  send  an  expert 
to  report  on  the  property  or  prospect.  Upon  the 
expert's  recommendation  the  company  undertakes 
to  promote  the  property.  On  every  share  of  stock 
so  sold  Mr.  Taylor  and  his  company  receive  a  per- 
centage. 

The  manufacturers  of  the  United  States  imported 
nearly  $500,000,000  worth  of  materials  for  use  in 
manufacturing  in  the  fiscal  year  just  ended.  Mate- 
rials for  use  in  manufacturing  thus  formed  nearly 
one-half  of  the  total  imports  of  the  United  States 
last  year.  The  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor, 
through  its  Bureau  of  Statistics,  in  a  table  just  com- 
pleted, shows  that  the  total  value  of  manufacturers' 
materials  imported  in  the  fiscal  vear  1903  was  $489,- 
471,667,  and  that  this  formed  "47.73%  of  the  total 
imports.  In  the  preceding  year  the  total  value  of  the 
manufacturers'  materials  imported  was  $415,000,000, 
and  formed  46.14%  of  the  total.  In  1898  the  total 
importation  of  manufacturers'  materials  was  $247,- 
000,000  and  formed  42.07%  of  the  total. 


August  2y,  lyos. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


132 


nines  of  Randsburg,  Cal.* 

— » 

From  an  Oooasional  Correspondent. 

When  the  present  labor  troubles  in  Randsburg, 
Cal.,  are  settled  the  camp  will  enter  upon  a  new 
period  of  prosperity.  Many  independent  mine  oper- 
ators are  at  work.  Several  of  these  are  men  who 
are  on  strike;  and  the  properties  on  which  they  are 
at  work  are  showing  up  so  well  that  some  of  the 
operators  may  not  return  to  their  former  work. 

Ten  miles  north  of  Randsburg,  in  the  Goler  moun- 
tains, H.  J.  Short  has  a  low-grade  smelting  ore  prop- 
erty. Still  farther  to  the  north  and  east  are  several 
low-grade  properties  which  could  be  handled  with 
profit  were  there  a  cheaper  method  of  shipment. 

In  the  canyons  at  Goler  gold  is  being  extracted 
from  the  washes  by  the  aid  of  the  dry  washer.  This 
is  not  a  satisfactory  method  in  this  section,  as  much 
cemented  gravel  is  found.  Several  are  working  on  a 
machine  to  disintegrate  this  hard  mass  of  sand  by 
the  aid  of  water. 

The  Yellow  Aster  showed  up  better  and  better  the 
deeper  the  shafts  and  winzes  were  suuk.  The  latest 
ledge  struck,  at  a  depth  of  1260  feet,  is  the  richest 
ever  found  in  this  camp.  Unfortunately  this  and 
several  of  the  other  properties  here  are  now  tied  up 
by  a  strike. 

The  Butte  Lode,  which  controls  the  Butte  and 
Kinyon-Wedge  mines,  at  the  time  of  the  strike  was 
taking  out  better  ore  than  had  been  struck  for 
years.     When  the  strike  was  declared  this  company 


adjoins  the  Yellow  Aster,  and  claims  that  several  of 
the  latter  company's  ledges  run  through  their  prop- 
erty, very  little  work  has  been  done. 
Several  men  are  now  working  the  placer  deposits 


Drift,  480-Foot  Level,  Little  Butte  Mine,  Randsburg.  Cal. 

was  preparing  to  do  extensive  development  work,  to 
sink  to  greater  depth  than  at  present.  This  work 
will  be  pushed  when  things  start  up  again. 

I  note  in  several  mining  journals  that  the  Johan- 
nesburg Gold  Mines  Co.  expect  to  declare  a  dividend 
in  October,  and  stock  is  offered  for  sale.  As  far  as 
can  be  learned  the  output  of  bullion  from  this  prop- 
erty did  not  pay  expenses,  and  as  it  has  been  tied  up 


Drift  and  Stope,  321-Foot  Level,  Little  Butte  Mine,  Randsburg,  Cal. 

in    Red    Rock    canyon    and    making    good    money. 

The  stamp  mill  in  Mesquite  canyon  is  still  idle.  It 
is  called  "The  Monument  to  Folly."  The  company 
first  built  the  mill  and  then  went  prospecting  for  ore. 
They  met  with  the  usual  fate. 

The  Pearl  Wedge,  owned  by  Balschweid  &  Pierce, 
although  not  very  large  is  quite  rich.  Ore  taken 
from  it  runs  $100  to  the  ton.  There  are  a  number  of 
men  now  at  work  on  it. 

The  Santa  Ana,  owned  partly  by  the  owners  of  the 
Red  Dog  mill  and  partly  by  Superintendent  Layton, 
is  also  a  rich  proposition,  averaging  $100  per  ton. 

Johnson  &  Jensen  are  placer  mining  in  the  Stringer 
district,  2  miles  from  Randsburg.  They  struck  bed- 
rock at  40  feet. 

The  Baltic  mine,  in  Stringer,  is  developing  into  one 
of  the  good  properties  of  the  camp.  At  the  time  of 
the  strike  twelve  men  were  employed  in  the  mine 
and  mill  (ten  stamps).  Some  good  ore  was  being 
taken  out.     C.  H.  Wynn  was  superintendent. 

An  attempt  will  be  made  to  work  the  tailings  of 
the  Garlock  mill.  A  plant  is  being  installed  for  that 
purpose. 

A.  Castro  et  Cie  are  placering  in  Iron  gulch.  They 
sank  one  shaft  110  feet  in  an  endeavor  to  strike  bed- 
rock. They  then  moved  up  farther  in  the  channel 
and  are  down  about  60  ie&i. 

Wiggins  &  Short  are  taking  $90  ore  out  of  the  La 
Crosse  claim. 

White's  Camp  is  flourishing  under-the-superinten- 


hMn^-SckntMe  Press 


Little  Butte  Mine,  Randsburg,  Cal 


by  the  strike  for  over  two  months  it  would  seem  that 
the  only  way  the  directors  can  declare  a  dividend 
would  be  from  the  money  received  from  the  sale  of 
stock. 

The  War  Eagle  Co.  announced  some  months  ago 
that  it  was  going  to  sink  a  double  -  compartment 
shaft  to  a  depth  of  600  feet.     Although  this  property 

♦See  illustrations  front  page. 


dence  of  Superintendent  Bouchard.     Much  develop- 
ment work  is  being  done. 

The  Sunshine  mine  was  first  located  in  1896,  but 
nothing  was  done  in  the  way  of  development  work  for 
eighteen  months.  The  mine  is  owned  by  T.  W.  &  B. 
M.  Atkinson,  who  are  pushing  operations.  The  vein 
varies  from  2  inches  to  over  2  feet  thick  and  the  ore 
is  rich.     The  Atkinson  Bros,  also  own   the   Hatche. 


and  Bully  Boy  claims,  on  which  they  have  given  a 
number  of  leases. 

A  rich  stringer  has  been  struck  in  the  Wells- 
Fargo,  situated  southeast  of  town.  W.  Logan  is 
working  it  for  the  owner,  Mr.  Warner. 

White's  Camp,  or  more  properly  the  Sydney  group, 
is  active.  The  main  shaft  is  down  100  feet;  two 
drifts  are  being  run  from  the  lowest  level.  Another 
shaft  is  being  sunk  175  feet  from  the  main  shaft  to 
connect  with  the  stope  on  the  70-foot  level  to  get  a 
good  supply  of  air. 

L.  &  G.  Kane  have  invented  a  new  placering  ma- 
chine. Water  is  to  be  used  in  it  to  disintegrate  the 
cemented  gravel,  and  unlike  the  other  one  mentioned 
in  this  correspodence  a  plate  is  used. 

It  is  a  pity  that  more  active  development  work 
cannot  be  done  in  Colorado  canyon,  northwest  of 
Randsburg.    There  is  a  large  vein  of  good  coal  there. 

E  Hammond  and  S.  Oakley  are  down  HO  feet  on 
the  Orphan  Girl  and  are  now  drifting  on  the  130-foot 
level. 

G.  A.  Fudickar,  of  the  Mattie  mine,  has  suspended 
operations  until  cool  weather. 

(More  recent  reports  from  Randsburg  are  to 
the  effect  that  the  negotiations  for  the  settlement 
of  the  miners'  strike  have  not  resulted  satisfactorily. 
The  Desert  Mine  Owners'  Association,  in  conference 
with  the  Miners'  Union,  refused  to  pay  more 
than  the  old  scale,  $3.50  for  sinking  shafts,  and  $3 
for  stoping  and  drifting;  the  union  insists  upon  a 
straight  $3.50  a  day  for  all  miners,  •  regardless 
of  the  class  of  work,  and  $3  for  shovelers.  It  is 
stated  that  200  non-union  men  are  to  be  sent  to  the 
Yellow  Aster.) 

Value  of  Mexican  Exports. 

The  following  statement  shows  amount  in  Mexican 
silver  dollars   of  Mexico's   export   trade  each  fiscal 
year  from  1881-82  to  1901-02,   average  value  of  the 
Mexican  silver  dollar  in  New  York  during  each  year 
of  that  period,    and   these  annual  amounts   reduced 
from  silver  to  gold  at  the  corresponding  yearly  aver- 
age value  of  the  Mexican  silver  dollar  in  New  York: 
Average  Value 
Export.     Mexican  Dollars     Export. 
Silver  Value,  in  New  York.  Gold  Value. 

1881-82 $29,206,772  0.894  $26,110,854 

1882-83 41,919,182  0.882  86,972,719 

1883-84 46  861,117  0.875  41,004  477 

1884-85... 56.811.958  0.864  40.445.532 

1885-86 43  797.249  0.816    -  35,738,555 

1886-87 49,329.015  0.790  38,970,633 

1887-88 40,078,717  0.759  87.232,746 

1888-89 60,380287  0.739  44,621,032 

1889-90 62,680,539  0.758  47,511,849 

1890-91 63,425,746  0.837  53,087,349 

1891-92 75660,880  0.837  63  328,157 

1892-93 88,044624  0.657  57.845  318 

1893-94 80,083  944  0.539  43  165,246 

1894-95 95,020326  0  514  48  840,448 

1895-96 110,0223i6  0.536  £8  971,983 

1896-97 117.78*092  0.506  59,127  614 

1897-98 138  068  504  0.448  61,854.690 

1898-99 148453834  0.4(1  70,070,210 

1899-1900 158  247,933  0.476  75,326  016 

1900-01 158009,437  0.488  77,266.639 

1901-02 168,041,272  0.441  74,106,201 

The  silver  value  of  Mexico's  exports  in  twenty-one 
years  increased  ;  the  gold  value  did  not  increase  in 
corresponding  proportion.  The  increase  in  Mexico's 
exports  in  silver  value  in  1901-02  is  $138,834,500 
over  exports  in  1881-82 ;  apparent  increase  in  gold 
value,  $47,995,345,  applying  average  value  of  the 
Mexican  dollar  in  each  respective  year.  If  the  aver- 
age value  of  the  Mexican  dollar  in  1881-82,  namely, 
0.894,  be  applied  to  the  silver  value  of  the  exports  in 
1901-02,  the  result  is  a  gold  value  of  $150,000,000  in 
round  numbers,  as  compared  with  $74,000,000  in  gold 
value  which  results  from  the  average  value  of  the 
Mexican  dollar  in  1901-02,  namely,  0  441,  showing  a 
loss  for  Mexico  in  her  own  silver  dollars  of  $76,- 
000,000. 

Production  of  Chromite  in  1902. 


The  report  to  the  United  States  Geological  Survey 
on  chromite  for  1902  by  J.  H.  Pratt  is  now  in  press. 

California  was  the  only  State  producing  any  chro- 
mite during  1902,  the  quantity  being  315  long  tons, 
valued  at  $4725.  This  is  a  decrease  of  53  tons  in 
quantity  and  of  $1065  in  value  as  compared  with  the 
production  in  1901,  which  was  368  long  tons,  valued 
at  $5790. 

The  Pacific  coast  offers  a  promising  field  for  the 
erection  of  a  chemical  plant  to  treat  chrome  ores  in 
the  manufacture  of  various  chromium  salts,  as  these 
ores  can  be  obtained  in  California. 

With  the  completion  of  the  railroad  from  Erwin. 
Tenn.,  to  Marion,  N.  C,  the  chromite  deposits  of 
Yancey  county,  N.  C,  will  undoubtedly  be  thor- 
oughly exploited  and  may  become  producers. 

There  is  a  large  amount  of  chromite  ore  imported 
each  year  into  this  country,  the  most  of  which  is  from 
Turkey,  with  smaller  amounts  from  New  Caledonia 
and  Canada.  The  imports  of  chrome  ore  and  chromic 
acid  in  1902  were  valued  at  $593,712.  The  principal 
chromite  deposits  of  Canada  are  in  the  vicinity  of 
Black  Lake  and  Colraine,  Quebec  province.  The 
Canada  production  for  1902  was  900  long  tons,  valued 
at  $13,000. 


133 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29, 1903. 


Notes  on  the  Hetallurgy  of  Copper 
of  flontana.* 


NUMBER  V. 


Written  by  H.  O.  Hofman. 

The  hearth  in  some  plants  is  supported  by  jack- 
screws,  in  others  it  is  built  up  solid  from  the  founda- 
tions. It  rises  some  distance  above  the  furnace 
floor  in  order  to  furnish  the  height  necessary 
for  the  forehearth  or  settler  and  the  disposal 
of  the  waste  slag.  The  hearth  is  lined  to  a 
depth  of  24  to  30  inches  with  firebrick,  or  only 
with  one  or  two  courses  of  firebrick,  and  then  with  a 
mixture  of  quartz  and  clay.  The  crucibles  have  a 
depth  varying  from  8  to  28  inches.  Although  deep 
crucibles  last  rarely  longer  than  three  months  and 
shallow  crucibles  have  a  longer  life,  the  former 
are  more  common.  Preliminary  experiments  with 
lining  deep  crucibles  with  chrome  brick  have  given 
promising  results  in  preventing  break-outs  of  matte. 
There  appears  to  be  no  a  priori  reason  for  having  a 
continuously  discharging  crucible  as  deep  as  28 
inches ;  8  to  10  inches  would  seem  to  be  sufficient  to 
furnish  the  matte  bath  necessary  to  cover  the  bot- 
tom satisfactorily,  but  this  is  disputed  by  the  best  of 
authority.  In  treating  zinckose  ores  the  deep  cru- 
cible would  probably  soon  fill  up  with  mushy  matte 
and  cause  indefinite  trouble,  but  the  ores  smelted, 
fortunately,  contain  very  little  zinc. 

It  is  claimed  that  with  a  deep  crucible  a  furnace 
puts  through  more  charges,  but  this  has,  so  far,  not 
been  proved.  As  far  as  the  strength  of  the  jackets 
is  concerned,  the  deep  crucible  is  preferable,  as  with 
a  shallow  crucible  the  tuyeres  are  located  higher  up 
(viz.,  24  and  12  inches — see  table),  in  order  to  furnish 
a  smelting  zone  of  some  height,  and  the  water-cooled 
breast  has  to  be  built  in  the  jacket,  while  with  the 
deep  crucible  it  is  placed  underneath  the  jacket. 

The  slag-matte  mixture  is  usually  discharged  from 
the  center  of  one  of  the  sides  of  a  furnace.  The 
water-cooled  tymp  is  made  of  cast  iron  or,  prefer- 
ably, of  copper.  Experiments  with  copper  and  cop- 
per alloys  gave  the  following  data  : 

Life,            Cu.           Zn.  Al.  P.  Sn. 

Days.       Per  Ct.  Per  Ct.  Per  Ct.  Per  Ct.  Per  Ct. 

365 100           Some.           

144 90            ....  0.5  ....  10 

75 89           3.0  0.25  ....  8 

The  solid  cast  iron  spout  with  water-cooled  nose  is 
very  common.  Wrought  iron  pipe  surrounded  by 
cast  iron  has  proved  unsatisfactory.  A  water-cooled 
wrought  iron  spout  with  a  cast  copper  removable 
nose  lasts  about  120  days,  and  is  often  preferred  to 
cast  iron. 

The  tuyere  stock  in  common  use  consists  of  a  cast 
iron  tuyere  box  firmly  attached  to  the  jacket  and 
connected  by  a  sheet  iron  tuyere  pipe,  having  a 
gate,  with  the  bustle  pipe. 

The  large  size  of  the  roofless  forehearth  in  which 
the  matte  settles  out  from  the  overflowing  slag  is  a 
development  of  Montana  practice,  caused  by  the 
necessity  of  storing  considerable  quantity  of  liquid 
matte  for  the  converters.  As  far  as  the  settling  of 
matte  is  concerned,  oval  and  oblong  hearths  are  suf- 
ficient, as  the  freedom  of  copper  in  waste-slag  de- 
pends to  a  large  extent  upon  the  length  of  the  path 
the  slag  can  travel  before  it  overflows.  In  regard  to 
storage  capacity  and  strength  of  vessel,  the  circular 
hearth  is  preferable,  hence  it  is  only  with  a  compara- 
tively small  blast  furnace  not  furnishing  direct  matte 
that  we  find  the  oval  or  oblong  forehearth.  The  cir- 
cular forehearth,  14  feet  in  diameter  and  56  inches 
high,  with  a  9-inch  brick  lining  and  a  9-inch  brasque 
backing,  holds  about  60  tons  of  matte  when  new.  In 
order  to  prevent  breaking  out,  the  shell  is  sprayed 
with  water.  After  being  about  three  months  in  use 
its  capacity  has  decreased  by  building  that  it  be- 
comes necessary  to  renew  it.  The  9-inch  course  of 
brick  sometimes  has  a  3-inch  backing  of  sand,  which 
seems  to  be  sufficient.  The  smaller  oblong  hearth 
has,  as  a  rule,  cast  iron  water  jackets  on  the  sides ; 
it  has  a  9-inch  bottom,  which  crusts  up  about  6 
inches.  The  sides  are  lined  with  a  half  course  of 
brick,  a  1-inch  air  space  being  left  at  the  water 
jacket.  All  forehearths  have,  of  course,  a  tapping 
slot  for  matte.  It  is  closed  in  a  few  instances  by  a 
cast  iron  plate,  but  more  commonly  by  a  solid  copper 
plate  with  tap  hole.  The  matte  is  tapped  from  the 
forehearth  into  a  ladle,  which  discharges  its  contents 
either  into  flat  cast  iron  moulds,  holdiug  about  3000 
pounds,  or  into  the  converter.  The  practice  of 
bringing  the  converter  to  the  forehearth  of  the  blast 
furnace  has  become  obsolete.  The  blast  furnace 
forehearth,  if  of  large  size,  is  of  great  assistance  to 
the  reverberatory  matting  furnaces  in  a  plant  which 
converts  matte,  as  it  makes  little  difference  whether 
the  forehearth  contains  much  or  little  matte.  It  can 
be  allowed  to  fill  near  the  top,  or  it  can  be  tapped 
nearly  dry.  With  the  reverberatory  furnace  this  is 
not  the  case.  Tbe  aim  there  is  to  allow  the  level  of 
the  matte  to  fluctuate  as  little  up  and  down  as  pos- 
sible. This  means  that  only  a  certain  quantity  of 
matte  can  be  tapped  at  slated  intervals.  If,  there- 
fore, the  converter  calls  for  matte,  and  the  reverbera- 

*Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


tory  furnace  can  furnish  only  an  insufficient  amount, 
there  is  the  blast  furnace  forehearth,  forming  a  kind 
of  balance  wheel,  to  help  over  the  difficulty.  The 
waste-slag  is  caught  in  tilting  waste-slag  pots  of  5  to 
6  tons  capacity  and  hauled  up  to  the  dump,  or  it  is 
granulated.  Near  the  bottom  of  the  launder  carry- 
ing the  slag  granules  there  is  found  often  a  mechani- 
cal sampler,  driven  by  the  granulat:ng  water,  which 
takes  out  the  whole  of  the  stream  of  granules  at 
stated  intervals  and  furnishes  thus  a  true  sample  of 
all  waste-slag  made. 

The  coke  used  around  Butte  comes  from  different 
parts  of  the  country.  Most  of  it,  however,  is  made 
from  Montana  coal. 

In  the  management  of  a  blast  furnace  the  tendency 
has  been  toward  large  tonnages,  with  production  of 
50%  copper  matte,  and  slag  low  enough  in  copper 
to  be  waste  product.  Tonnage  had  to  contend  with 
siliceous  ores  low  in  iron,  and  with  limestone  as  the 
only  available  flux,  which  caused  the  making  of  slags 
of  high  melting  temperatures.  As,  furth  r,  large 
amounts  of  limestone  are  required  to  make  slags  that 
are  at  all  fusible,  the  formation  temperatures  lie 
higher  than  when  there  is  a  more  intimate  contact  of 
acid  and  base.  Tonnage  was,  therefore,  obtained 
mainly  by  increasing  the  size  of  the  furnace.  The 
combination  of  siliceous  slags  low  in  iron,  with  much 
air,  has  been  the  cause  of  as  much  as  70%  of  the  sul- 
phur in  the  charge  being  burnt  off  in  its  descent 
through  the  furnace.  But  even  with  the  large  elimi- 
nation of  sulphur  in  a  comparatively  dense  charge,  it 
is  often  not  possible  to  obtain  the  50%  matte  de- 
manded by  the  converter  plant,  hence  blast  furnace 
matte  is  sometimes  tapped  from  the  forehearth  into 
a  ladle  and  poured  into  the  reverberatory  matting 
furnace  to  raise  the  percentage  of  copper  by  mixing 
with  higher  grade  matte.  The  following  table  gives 
in  percentages  some  idea  of  how  the  charges  are 
made  up,  and  the  succeeding  table  shows  partial 
analyses  of  flue  dust  and  briquettes,  giving  an  idea 
of  their  general  character. 


BLAST  FURNACE  CHARGES. 


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*The  matte  comes  in  part  from  the  reverberatory 
matting  furnace,  which  had  to  be  tapped  when  the  con- 
verter plant  was  not  ready.  In  part  it  is  purchased 
matte  to  he  remelted  for  the  converter. 

t  The  converter  slag  always  goes  to  the  blast  furnaces, 
as  it  furnishes  coarse  material,  aids  the  smelting,  in  hav- 
ing been  already  once  smelted,  and  acts  as  a  basic  flux. 
Experience  has  shown  that  it  not  only  does  little  good  in 
the  reverberatory  matting  furnace,  but  that  it  does 
harm,   in   that  it  increases   the  amount   of  slag  to  be 


skimmed,  and  reverberatory  furnace  slags  run  higher  in 
conper  than  blast  furnace  slags. 

J  The  briquettes  are  a  mixture  of  flue  dust  with  3%  to- 
t%  slacked  lime.  Sometimes  slimes  from  the  ore  dress- 
ing works  are  added  to  make  up  the  mixture. 

(to  be  continued.) 

Modern  Methods  in  Ore  Treatment 
by  Cyanidation.* 

NUMBER  II. 

Written  by  Edwis  O.  Watt. 

Experiments  made  by  Mr.  Dunstan  on  the  Associ- 
ated Gold  Mines  indicated  that  it  was  not  necessary 
to  raise  the  air  pipe  as  high  as  the  bottom  of  the  lift 
column,  and  that  the  escaping  air  readily  passed  up 
the  lift  column  rather  than  through  the  outer  well. 
This  result  was  confirmed  on  the  Hainault  mine.  On 
the  Hainault  mine  a  4-inch  27-foot  lift,  working  from  a 
20-foot  well,  would  take  only  two-thirds  of  the  pulp 
from  a  10-stamp  battery.    Fig.   4   illustrates    the 


Fig.  4  —Air  Lift. 

air  lift  and  Figs.  5  and  6  the  arrangement  of 
spitzkasten.  A  5-inch  column  gave  better  re- 
sults, but  a  6-inch  column  proved  much  more 
satisfactory.  On  the  Kalgurli  mine  an  8-inch  lift  is 
raising  about  130  tons  dry  weight  of  sand  and  slime 
per  twenty-four  hours.  This  ore  has  a  specific 
gravity  of  three.  It  has  been  found  that  on 
this  product  the  lift  will  not  work  at  all  unless 
there  are  four  parts  of  water  by  weight  to  one  of 
ore,  and  it  will  not  work  satisfactorily  unless  the 
water  is  in  the  proportion  of  five  to  one;  when  the 
proportion  of  water  falls  below  this  point  the  lift 
works  irregularly  and  immediately  belches  air 
heavily  at  the  top  of  the  column,  and  soon  ceases 
to  work  altogether.  These  proportions  have  been 
determined  by  a  series  of  accurate  tests.  I  think 
that  on  more  slimy  pulp  a  less  proportion  of  water 
would  suffice.  Under  all  the  circumstances  with 
which  I  am  familiar,  air  lifts  have  been  worked  as  a 
portion  of  an  ore  treatment  plant,  and  have  drawn 
their  supply  of  compressed  air  from  the  general 
service  supply,  in  no  case  within  my  experience  have 
air  lifts  alone  been  worked  off  any  compressor,  but  in 
every  case  the  compressed  air  has  been  split  up  and 
used  for  other  services  at  the  same  time,  and  under 
these  circumstances  it  has  not  been  found  possible  to 

*  Trans.  Australian  Inst.  Min.  Engrs.    (Condensed.) 


August  29,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


134 


collect  exact  data  as  to  working  costs.  The 
arrangement  of  spitzlutten  is  shown  in  Fig.  7.  At 
the  Kalgurli  mine  a  pressure  of  thirty  pounds  per 
square  inch  was  required  for  the  agitators  and  filter 
presses,  while  the  maximum  pressure  required  for 
air  lifts  alone  was  only  ten  pounds.  Thus,  although 
the  maximum  air  pressure  required  was  not  as  great 
as  usually  obtains  when  rock  drills  are  supplied  off 


are  cheap  of  installation,  and  can  under  many  condi- 
tions be  worked  where  it  is  almost  impossible  to 
work  pumps.  On  the  Kalgurli  mine  the  precipita- 
tion from  the  pulp  or  sulphate  of  lime  clogs  up  the 
pumps,  causing  serious  delay  and  heavy  wear  and 
tear  of  the  parts,  and  although  this  accretion  forms 
also  in  the  air  lifts,  by  installing  them  in  duplicate 
there  is  no  loss  of  time,  and  only  a  slight  expense  in 


cumstances,  when  the  continuity  of  the  operation  is 
an  essential  factor,  prove  as  economical  as  pumps, 
when  loss  of  time  and  wear  and  tear  are  fully  allowed 
for. 

Pneumatio  Agitators.  —  On  the  Kalgoorlie  field 
the  usual  practice  for  the  treatment  of  auriferous 
slimes  is  to  stir  it  with  cyanide  or  bromo-cyanide 
solutions  in  steel  vats  with  mechanical  agitators  for 


Fig.  5.— Timber  Stand  [or  Five  Spitzkasten. 


Fig.  6.— Arrangement  of  Series  of  Spitzkasten. 


Fig.  7.— Arrangement  of  Series  of  Spitzkasten. 


the  same  service,  yet  even  this  pressure  was  unfair 
to  the  air  lifts,  as  on  all  the  air  supplied  to  them  the 
power  required  to  compress  the  air  from  ten  to 
thirty  pounds  per  square  inch  was  lost.  One  of  the 
objections  to  the  air  lifts  is  that  in  order  to  obtain 
the  best  efficiency  they  should  be  supplied  from  a 
special  low  service  compressor,  and  under  most  con- 
ditions this  is  not  convenient. 
Some  of  the  advantages  of  air  lifts  are  that  they 


effecting  repairs.  Then,  again,  for  air  lifts  the  only 
connection  necessary  with  the  power  of  the  plant  is 
a  small  pipe,  and  the  loss  of  power  in  transmission  is 
very  slight.  In  my  experience  of  air  lifts  I  hare 
never  known  any  of  the  parts  wear  out,  and  I  have 
not  seen  a  lift,  when  properly  served,  cease  working 
from  any  cause  that  could  be  charged  against  the 
lift  itself.  Although  they  do  not  show  a  high  per- 
centage of  efficiency,  they  might,  under  certain  cir- 


a  period  of  from  sixteen  to  twenty-four 
hours,  afterwards  charging  it  into  pres- 
sure tanks  and  thence  to  filter  presses. 
On  the  larger  mines  there  are  two  ex- 
ceptions to  this  rule,  viz.,  on  the  Golden 
Horseshoe  mine,  where  the  slime  is 
pumped  direct  into  filter  presses,  and 
cyanide  solutions  are  afterwards  pumped 
through  at  high  pressure,  and  on  the 
Kalgurli  mine,  where  the  slime  is  agitated 
by  compressed  air  for  three  hours.  It  is 
with  the  latter  process  I  wish  to  deal. 
The  advisability  of  introducing  oxygen 
in  some  form  to  the  solutions  during  cyan- 
idation  is  generally  recognized  by  all  met- 
allurgists and  cyaniders,  and  many  ex- 
periments have  been  made  of  late  years 
with  the  object  of  obtaining  a  cheap  and 
reliable  method  of  accomplishing  this 
end.  About  twelve  months  ago  experi- 
ments were  started  on  the  Kalgurli  mine 
with  the  object  of  determining  whether 
or  not  the  pressure  tanks  for  the  charg- 
ing of  the  filter  presses  could  not  also  be 
utilized  with  advantage  as  pneumatic 
agitators.  It  had  been  previously  noted, 
that  when  slime  was  allowed  to  stand  in 
the  pressure  tank  and  compressed  air 
was  allowed  to  flow  through  the  pulp  to 
prevent  its  settling,  a  higher  percentage 
of  gold  was  extracted  from  the  slime 
thus  treated,  than  if  it  were  allowed  to  pass  di- 
rectly through  from  the  mechanical  agitators  to 
the  filter  presses.  Slime  pulp,  previously  un- 
treated by  cyanide,  was  then  allowed  to  run  into 
the  pressure  tanks,  where  cyanide  solution  was 
added,  and  the  whole  pulp  gently  agitated  by  a 
stream  of  air  for  five  hours.  Some  idea  of  the 
amount  of  air  being  used  for  this  purpose  may  be 
formed  when  I  say  that  it  was  about  as  much  as 


135 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29, 1903. 


would  be  blown  from  a  good  blacksmith's  bellows.  It 
was  found  that  after  five  hours'  treatment  in  this 
way  the  extraction  of  the  gold  contents  was  about 
5%  higher  than  when  the  slime  was  agitated  by  me- 
chanical stirring  for  twenty-four  hours,  and  that  the 
cyanide  solution  came  away  35%  richer  in  available 
cyanide  than  was  the  case  after  stirring.  The  time 
of  agitation  was  then  reduced  to  three  hours,  and  an 
equally  good  gold  extraction  was  obtained  with  a 
somewhat  smaller  consumption  of  cyanide.  After 
two  hours'  agitation  the  gold  extraction  was  not  so 
good,  but  further  experiments  showed  that  an 
equally  good  result  could  be  obtained  in  two  hours 
when  a  larger  volume  of  air  was  allowed  to  pass 
through  the  slime.  A  sample  of  concentrated  sand 
was  then  treated  in  the  same  way.  Before  treat- 
ment 87%  of  this  sample  remained  on  a  screen  of  110 
holes  to  the  lineal  inch,  and  the  gold  contents  were 
equal  to  four  ounces  seventeen  pennyweights  per 
ton.  After  three  hours'  treatment  only  34.7%  of  the 
sample  remained  on  the  same  screen,  and  the 
residues  assayed  under  three  pennyweights  per  ton, 
thus  showing  that  in  three  hours  32.3%  of  the  sand 
had  been  reduced  to  slime,  and  a  gold  extraction 
equal  to  nearly  97%  had  been  obtained.  The  exhaust 
air  from  the  treatment  of  this  sample  came  away 
warm  in  consequence  of  the  friction  generated  by  the 
sand  particles  grinding  against  each  other.  Subse- 
quent grading  analysis  showed  that  this  grinding 
action  was  always  very  marked  when  the  pulp  con- 
tained a  large  proportion  of  sand,  but  that,  when 
fine  separated  slime  was  under  treatment,  there  was 
only  a  slight  diminution  in  the  size  of  the  particles, 
and  under  these  circumstances  the  air  came  away 
cool.  All  these  experiments  were  mad*  on  roasted 
sulpho-telluride  ore. 

(to  be  continued.) 

The  Gross  Automatic  and  Mechanically  Stirred  Ore 
Desulphurizing  Furnace. 

Illustrated  herewith  is  the  Gross  automatic  and 
mechanically  stirred  ore  desulphurizing  furnace, 
manufactured  and  furnished  by  the  Colorado  Iron 
Works  Co.,  of  Denver,  Colo.  In  their  latest  trade 
treatise  on  smelting  practice  and  equipments  they 
instance  one  of  the  main  difficulties  encountered  in 
mechanically  stirred  roasters  in  custom  smelters,  as 
being  the  lack  of  flexibility  of  manipulations  to  ac- 
commodate various  grades  of  ores  or  mixtures,  and 
state  that  the  object  of  designing  the  Gross  auto- 


whenever  desired.  By  a  simple  attachment,  the 
stirring  device  can  be  immediately  adjusted  so  as  to 
leave  a  given  surface  of  ore  exposed  to  the  heat  any 
length  of  time  desired.  In  stirring  continuously,  ore 
surfaces  are  stirred  every  two  minutes,  more  or  less, 
the  speed  of  hearth  and  motors  driving  same  being 
regulated  by  a  speed-controlling  rheostat. 

Double  Jet  Alcohol  Blow  Pipe. 

The  Turner  Brass  Works,  53  North  Franklin  street, 
Chicago,  are  manufacturers  of  the  Turner  double 
jet  alcohol  blow  pipe  illustrated  herewith.  This  arti- 
cle is  just  being  placed  upon  the  market.      The  high 


Double  Jet  Alcohol  Blow  Pipe. 

temperature  generated  by  this  blow  pipe,  together 
with  the  needle  point  non-oxidizing  flame,  makes  it 
valuable  to  any  one  who  requires  a  hot  clean  needle 
flame  for  fine  soldering.  It  is  designed  to  replace 
the  oxy-hydrogen  blow  pipe  for  lead  burning  in  the 
connecting  of  lead  storage  batteries,  and  proves  the 
cleanness  and  non-oxidizing  quality  of  the  flame. 

The  blow  pipe  is  started  by  pumping  a  strong  pres- 
sure into  the  reservoir  by  means  of  the  pump  con- 
tained in  the  handle,  then  opening  the  lower  valve 
and  allowing  the  alcohol  to  flow  into  the  cup  below 
the  burner.  The  valve  is  then  closed  and  the  alcohol 
in  the  cup  lighted  with  a  match.  Its  burning  heats 
the  burner  sufficiently  to  generate  gas,  which  is 
ignited  by  opening  the  lower  valve  again  and  holding 
a  lighted  match  in  front  of  the  burner.  The  flame  is 
then  regulated  by  opening  the  upper  valve  to  the 
desired  extent. 

This  blow  pipe  generates   a   temperature   of  over 


radius  of  500  meters,  are  the  following:  Oxidized  gold 
ores,  being  in  many  cases  siliceous  skeletons,  very 
light  and  friable,  retaining  some  fine  iron  sulphides, 
and  carrying  a  small  amount  of  copper  in  the  shape 
of  finely  disseminated  sulphate.  These  ores  also 
carry  sometimes  from  10%  to  17%  of  free  sulphur: 
Oxidized  ores  consisting  of  mineralized  volcanic  brec- 
cia, carrying  a  very  variable  value  in  gold  and  silver, 
and  generally  a  very  small  amount  of  copper:  Sul- 
phide ores  of  same  class  as  above,  carrying  values 
from  a  few  cents  to  $250  per  ton  in  gold:  Higher 
values  of  this  class  are  generally  more  siliceous,  but 
not  always,  as  some  of  these  ores  which  appear  to  be 
black  shale  (due  to  movement  in  the  plane  of  the  de- 
posit), carry  over  $100  per  ton:  Native  copper,  with 
a  siliceous  skeleton,  carrying  from  $16  to  $60  per  ton 
gold:  Bornite,  with  gold  and  silver,  gold  often  free 
and  visible  to  the  eye,  but  in  this  case  is  found  in 
siliceous  veinlets  in  the  body  of  the  bornite — appears 
to  have  been  secondary  deposition,  as  well  as  the 
bornite  itself:  Bornite  associated  with  galena,  gold 
and  silver,  in  this  case  generally  free. 

A  complex  ore  of  lead  is  also  found  as  galena,  with 
iron  and  zinc  sulphides,  carrying  high  values  in  gold 
and  silver.  This  ore  is  taken  from  the  same  stope 
and  streak  as  some  of  the  purest  bornite — in  fact, 
the  bornite  is  found  within  a  streak  of  lead  carbonate, 
more  or  less  mixed  with  waste,  in  which  occurs  the 
lead  sulphide  ore  described  above.  Value  of  this  ore 
is  from  $45  to  $78  per  ton  in  gold  and  silver.  There 
is  likewise  found  chalcopyrite,  with  little  value  in  gold 
or  silver;  a  copper  ore  very  high  in  iron,  but  very 
low  in  silica,  about  12%  cu.,  besides  a  very  peculiar 
sulphide  ore,  carrying  often  high  values  in  gold,  some 
copper,  and  iron  in  an  unusual  form,  very  refractory, 
and  often  high  in  zinc  sulphides,  not  siliceous,  and 
slimes  badly,  although  hard  to  drill  and  crush. 

Besides  these  there  are  a  mineralized  breccia,  often 
high  in  gold,  but  very  heavy  in  zinc;  an  ore  having  a 
matrix  of  more  or  less  pure  barium  sulphate,  carry- 
ing excellent  values  in  gold  and  silver,  but  in  which 
the  vein  falls  in  continuity  at  a  depth  of  about  12 
meters;  copper  silicate,  natural  sulphate,  black 
oxide,  carbonate  high  in  gold  ($100),  and  native  cop- 
per in  the  interstices  of  diabase  country  rock. 


Points  on  Placer  Locations. 


\ 


The  Gross  Automatically  and  Mechanically  Stirred  Ore  Desulphurizing  Furnace. 


matie  and  mechanically  stirred  desulphurizing  fur- 
nace has  been  for  the  purpose  of  desulphurizing  a 
great  variety  of  ores  now  being  roasted  in  the  hand 
reverberatory  furnace.  In  an  automatic  and  me- 
chanically stirred  roaster,  this  demands  flexibility  of 
manipulations  as  in  the  hand  roaster. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  circular  hearth  is  carried 
upon  I-beams  and  car  wheels,  revolving  on  a  circular 
track.  The  stirring  and  discharging  device  remains 
stationary,  the  stirring,  rabbling  and  discharging 
being  carried  on  in  a  compartment  in  which  it  is  de- 
signed that  the  ore  may  be  stirred  as  violently  as 
desired  and  practically  no  loss  of  dust.  In  this  fur- 
nace the  manufacturers  state  that  ore  may  be  re- 
tained on  the  hearth  as  long  as  necessary,  the  fur- 
nace not  being  a  continuous  discharge,  and  that  this 
makes  it  a  desirable  machine  where  different  ores  re- 
quire more  or  less  time  to  accomplish  certain  work. 
All  stirring  and  rabbling  being  carried  on  in  the 
compartment  above  alluded  to,  the  ore  as  it  passes 
through  the  fire  and  draught  remains  quiet,  with 
minimum  amount  of  loss  in  dust.  The  stirring  and 
discharging  device  being  in  combination,  the  one  set 
of  rabbles  discharges  the  roasted  ore  from  the  hearth 


It 


3000°  F.,  and  has  the  capacity  to  melt  pure  gold. 
will  also  flow  25%  platinum  solder. 

Full  descriptive  circulars,  prices,  etc.,  will  be  fur- 
nished by  the  manufacturers  of  these  blow  pipes  on 
application. 

Cedros  Island  Ores. 


From  Mr.  George  S.  Binckley,  consulting  engineer, 
Mills  building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  is  received  an 
unusually  fine  specimen  of  native  sulphur,  taken  from 
the  Sulphur  Point  mine,  Cedros  island,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia, at  a  depth  of  about  10  meters  below  the  sur- 
face. The  surrounding  ore  is  highly  oxidized,  no 
fissure  structure  of  vein  apparent,  but  the  streak  of 
sulphur  is  comparatively  continuous,  on  a  dip  of 
about  45°.  Dfferent  assays  of  this  material  have 
given  results  varying  from  $16  to  $60  per  ton  of  gold. 
Sulphur  contents  are  not  determined,  but  the  ore 
burns  readily  with  a  match.  The  gold  in  this  ore 
does  not  amalgamate  at  all  readily,  and  is,  although 
free,  probably  coated  with  sulphur,  as  in  many  of  the 
ores  from  the  adjoining  mines  this  is  the  case. 

Among  the  ores  found  in  these  mines,  all  within  a 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Under  the  United  States  placer  mining  laws  one 
person  may  make  a  single  location  containing  20 
acres  of  placer  mining  land  ;  two  persons 
may  make  a  single  location  containing  not 
more  than  40  acres  in  a  compact  body ; 
three  may  locate  60  acres,  etc.,  but  no 
single  location,  whether  made  by  eight 
persons  or  more,  can  exceed  160  acres. 

It  has  been  decided  that  a  single  loca- 
tion of  placer  mining  ground  may  embrace 
20,  40,  60,  80,  100,  120,  140  or  160  acres  in 
a  compact  body,  according  to  the  number 
of  locations. 

If  eight  persons  should  make  eight 
distinct  and  separate  locations  of  20  acres 
each,  and  seven  of  the  locators  should 
convey  their  claims  to  the  other,  it  would 
require  annual  assessment  work  of  the 
value  of  $800  to  maintain  the  possessory 
right  to  all  the  claims  ;  but,  in  the  case 
of  a  single  location,  embracing  160  acres 
of  placer  mining  land,  the  owner  thereof, 
in  order  to  maintain  his  possessory  right 
thereto,  would  not  be  required  to  expend 
$100  worth  of  mining  labor  on  each  20 
acres  thereof,  but  his  possessory  right  to 
the  entire  160  acres  might  be  maintained 
by  performing  thereon  $100  worth  of 
actual  mining  work  designed  in  good  faith 
for  the  improvement  of  the  160-acre  loca- 
tion as  a  single  mining  claim. 

The  law  permits  a    single    person    to 
take  as  many  placer  claims  of  20  acres 
(no  more)  each  as  he  may  desire,  and  they 
may  be   contiguous  or  not,  but  requires  a 
separate  discovery  for  each  separate  20- 
acre  tract.  Where  more  than  one  person  (not  exceed- 
ing eight)  participates,  an  area  equivalent  to  20  acres 
for  each  is  permitted,  but  they  locate  the  area  jointly 
and  are  not  required  to  locate  each  particular  20-acre 
tract,   becoming  tenants  in  common   of  the   entire 
area.    Placer  ground  so  taken  also  requires  separate 
discovery  for  each  20-acre   tract  of  160  acres.    A 
single  member  of  the   party  may   act  as  agent  for 
each  of  the  others   and  locate  each  of  the  several 
tracts. 

If  several  persons  locate  contiguous  claims  in 
common,  such  act  would  in  itself  constitute  co- 
partnership, and  the  proceeds  of  such  operation 
should  be  equally  divided,  unless  stipulations  to  the 
contrary  were  entered  into  by  all  the  members  of  the 
party  holding  such  claims  jointly.  Where  the  land  has 
been  legally  subdivided,  tracts  of  40  acres  may  be 
subdivided  into  10-acre  tracts  ;  but  where  no  legal 
subdivision  of  the  public  lands  has  been  made,  claims 
may  be  located  with  reference  to  the  stream  or  bank 
along  which  the  placer  occurs.  Any  one  member  of 
such  association  may,  if  legally  constituted  an  at- 
torney-in-fact, transfer  the  property  to  another  in- 
dividual or  company. 


August  29,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


136 


jr C 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

h . o 


PATENTS  I8SDED   AUGUST  18.  1903. 

Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING   AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 

Assayer's    Ore-Crusher. — No.   735,942;    A.    C. 
Calkins,  Los  Angeles.  Cal. 


Ad  ore  crusher  comprising  main  casing,  movable 
jaw,  relatively  stationary  jaw  having  side  pieces  to 
form  crushing  chamber,  side  pieces  being  hinged 
respectively  at  upper  ends  to  main  casing  so  as  to  be 
turned  outwardly  and  up  over  other  jaw. 

Charging  Car  for  Blastfurnaces  —No.  736,352; 
G.  W.  Bollman,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 


In  dumping  car,  combination  of  car  frame,  part 
adapted  to  contain  load,  being  free  to  move  back  and 
forth  on  car  frame,  means  for  keeping  part  which 
contains  load  normally  at  one  end  of  car  frame, 
means  for  stopping  part  which  contains  load  at  fixed 
point  near  end  of  travel  of  car  frame. 

Oil  Burner  Nozzle.— No.  736,487;  H.  E.  Brun- 
ner  and  E.  J.  Patterson,  Haywards,  Cal. 


Oil  nozzle  comprising  shell  casing  having  enlarged 
chamber  for  oil,  provided  with  outlet  opening,  oper- 
ating stem  passing  through  oil  chamber,  elongated 
plug  carried  by  stem  working  loosely  through  outlet 
opening  of  casing  to  provide  unobstructed  passage 
around  plug  between  same  and  inner  surface  of  cas- 
ing, plug  of  uniform  diameter  throughout,  enlarged 
relative  to  diameter  of  stem,  a  spreader  carried  by 
outer  end  of  plug  arranged  to  constitute  valve  for 
outlet  opening.  _ 

Process  of  Making  Nickel  Iron  Allots  Directly 
trom  Ores.— No.  736,400;  N.  V.  Hybinette,  Bay- 
onne,  N.  J. 

Of  producing  nickel  -  steel  from  ores  composed 
mainly  of  sulphides  of  iron,  nickel  and  copper,  con- 
sisting in  roasting  ore  with  salt,  heating  material  so 
as  to  decompose  chlorides  of  iron  and  nickel,  leaching 
out  chloride  of  copper,  then  reducing  residue  directly 
into  nickel-steel. 


Gold  Washing  Machine.— No.  736,464;  T.  F.  Tur 
ner  and  H.  B.  Stewart,  Canton,  Ohio. 


Combination  of  tank  with  upper  outlet  passage, 
extended  into  tank  to  point  below  surface  of  water 
in  tank,  provided  with  concave  bottom,  elevating 
buckets  located  upon  elevating  chains,  extended  into 
bottom  of  tank,  movable  concentrically  over  concave 
bottom,  an  inclined  way  extended  from  concave  bot- 
tom and  submerged  centrifugal  pan  located  in  tank, 
means  for  rotating  centrifugal  pan. 


Tank. 
Cal. 


-No.  736,520;   A.  Holtgen,  San  Francisco, 


Tank  of  character  described  formed  of  plurality  of 
staves  and  hoops  for  securing  same  in  place,  pro- 
vided with  knock-down  substantially  funnel-shaped 
bottom  formed  of  radial  staves,  and  series  of  remov- 
able hoops  exterior  to  bottom  staves  fitting  grooves 
therein  for  temporarily  securing  staves  in  place,  in 
combination  with  auxiliary  means  for  closing  opening 
at  lower  edges  of  bottom  staves. 


Mine 
Ohio. 


Car.— No.   736,561;   T.   Stagg,    Columbus, 


Combination  of  body  having  trunnions,  standards 
having  trunnion  bearings,  longitudinal  base  from 
which  standards  project  upwardly,  base  forged  from 
wrought  metal  into  flat  top  having  rounded  ends  and 
continuous  vertical  flange  integral  with  and  conform- 
ing to  outline  of  top,  rounded  ends  provided  with  re- 
inforcing buffer  plates. 

Ore  Dumping  Apparatus.— No.  736,882;  N.  A.  H. 
Salomonson,  Norway,  Mich. 


Ore   dumping  car  comprising   body   having  fixed 
rear  side,  front  partition  arranged  transversely  ex- 


tending to  point  near  center  of  car,  movable  partition 
journaled  at  that  point  adapted  to  be  shifted  front  or 
rear,  front  door  hinged  at  upper  end  adapted,  when 
closed,  to  engage  partition,  when  released,  to  hang 
free  to  allow  discharge  of  material  received  upon 
partition,  means  for  locking  door. 


Mining  Machine. — No.  736,705 ;   H.  B.  Dierdorff, 
Columbus,  Ohio. 


Combination  with  carriage  having  portion  arranged 
to  enter  kerf  cut  by  machine,  series  of  cutters  car- 
ried by  carriage,  holding  device  for  carriage  consist- 
ing of  endless  chain  adapted  to  engage  with  wall  of 
kerf,  provided  with  flanges  e*,  chain  being  arranged 
with  one  portion  or  limb  above  carriage  and  another 
portion  or  limb  below  carriage,  supporting  means  for 
lower  limb  or  portion  of  holding  chain  arranged  to 
engage  with  flanges  el  and  support  chain. 


Bock 
Idaho. 


Drill.  —  No.  736,758  ;    C.   Mead,    Murray, 


In  rock  drill,  combination  with  casing  and  tool 
guided  therein,  of  bars  slidably  fitted  in  casing, 
springs  connected  with  bars  to  draw  them  toward 
casing,  clamp  attached  to  bars  having  means  for 
tightening  same,  corrugated  gripping  rollers  sup- 
ported by  clamp  engaging  with  tool,  dogs  to  restrain 
rollers  from  rotating  in  one  direction. 

Quartz  Mill.— No.  736,519;  C.  J.  Hodge,  Hough- 
ton, Mich. 


In  quartz  mill  combination  of  two  relatively  mov- 
able grinding  cones,  one  provided  with  vertical 
sleeve,  the  other  with  pivot  arranged  in  sleeve,  nut 
located  in  sleeve  supporting  pivot,  screw  passing 
through  pivot  and  nut,  pivoted  lever  supporting 
screw,  driving  shaft,  and  cam  engaging  lever. 

A  large  steam  turbine  is  to  be  installed  in  the 
Rheno  Westphalian  generating  station  at  Essen, 
Germany,  to  run  a  5000-kilowatt  alternator  and  a 
1500  kilowatt  direct  current  generator  at  the  same 
time.  The  turbine  must  supply  7500  kilowatts  of 
output  to  run  the  two  machines.  The  makers  say 
that  the  new  turbine  will  operate  with  but  15.5 
pounds  of  steam  per  net  kilowatt  hour.  The  whole 
set — turbine,  alternator  and  generator — measures  58 
feet  long,  10  feet  wide  and  the  same  height  ;  this  in- 
cludes the  length  of  the  turbine  which  measures  only 
23  feet  long  for  a  capacity  of  7500  kilowatts. 


137 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29, 1903. 


Mining  Summary. 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ARKANSAS. 

maeion  county. 

Near  Yellville,  E.  Stettnich  of  Lawton, 
Ok.  Ty.,  ha9  bought  a  half  interest  in  the 
Ike  Emory  mine  for  $5500  and  arrange- 
ments are  being  made  to  resume  work 
preparatory  to  shipping  ore. 

ALASKA. 

An  oil  strike  is  reported  made  between 
Port  Hamilton  and  Andreafsky,  on  the 
Yukon  river. 

At  Windham  Bay  the  Yellow  Jacket 
mine  has  its  mill  ready  for  operation,  says 
the  Juneau  Dispatch.  The  Windham 
Chief  Con.  and  the  California- Alaska  have 
built  a  corduroy  road  to  the  third  basin 
and  from  there  a  mule  pack  trail  up  under 
the  glacier.  Both  companies  are  driving 
tunnels.  The  Jennie  Reid  C.  M.  Co.  has 
put  up  buildings  and  is  driving  a  tunnel 
on  pay  ore,  showing  free  gold.  The  Hel- 
vetia G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  started  operations 
on  June  9th  and  have  so  far  put  up  several 
buildings,  built  a  road  from  the  corduroy 
to  Its  millsite,  the  millsite  and  a  trail  for 
the  water  flumeB  and  pipe  cleared,  founda- 
tion for  the  crusher  blasted,  and  35  feet  of 
tunnel  driven  on  pay  streak. 

The  Alaska-Treadwell  G.  M.  Co.,  at 
Treadwell,  on  Douglas  island,  reports  for 
the  month  ending  August  1 :  The  240- 
stamp  mill  ran  28!  days  and  the  300  stamp 
mill  28|  days,  crushing  79,384  tons  of  ore ; 
value  of  bullion,  $80,025.  There  were 
1690  tons  of  sulphurets  obtained,  esti- 
mate! realizable  value  of  the  same  being 
$92,182.  Working  expenses  for  the  month 
were  $79,110. 

Because  of  continued  disasters  resulting 
In  loss  of  life,  100  men  are  reported  to  have 
quit  work  in  the  Treadwell  mine  on  Doug- 
las island.  The  men  do  not  make  any 
charge  of  mismanagement  or  an  unsafe 
condition  of  the  mine. 

Last  week  at  Juneau  the  Treadwell  G 
M.  Co.  and  a  company  headed  by  D.  O. 
Mills  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  bought  a 
group  of  twenty  gold-bearing  quartz 
claims  on  Berner's  bay,  near  Juneau.  The 
price  is  stated  to  be  $2,000,000.  They  will 
start  development  work  and  it  is  expected 
a  stamp  mill  will  be  built  this  winter. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

The  diamond  drill  has  been  put  in  opera- 
tion at  the  Junction  Dev.  Co.'s  property 
near  Bisbee. 

P.  E.  Kennedy  of  Duluth,  Minn.,  man- 
ager of  the  Kansas  City  group  of  claims, 
adjoining  the  Gold  Reef  group  in  Tomb- 
stone canyon,  It  mile  from  Bisbee,  Bays 
development  work  will  begin  and  a  two- 
compartment  shaft  sunk. 

GILA  COUNTY. 

President  C.  S.  Smith  of  the  Old  Do- 
minion C.  M.  &  S.  Co.,  at  Globe,  says  the 
effects  of  the  flooding  of  the  mine,  due  to 
breaking  of  a  dam,  which  has  cost  the 
company  over  $200,000,  have  been  nearly 
overcome. 

N.  S.  Berray  has  bought  the  Golconda, 
Red  Hot  and  Barranca  mining  claims  on 
the  San  Carlos  segregated  strip,  adjoining 
the  property  of  the  San  Carlos  C.  -Co., 
near  Globe. 

Superintendent  A.  C.  Sleboth  says  that 
at  the  Arizona-Hancock  mine,  near  Globe, 
the  shaft  has  been  completed  450  feet  in 
depth,  the  station  cut  and  the  eaBt  cross- 
cut on  that  level  driven  40  feet.  The  west 
crosscut  has  not  been  started,  as  an  In- 
creased flow  of  water  is  expected  from  that 
direction,  and  a  pump  will  first  be  put  in. 

GRAHAM   COUNTY. 
The  Sierra  de  Oro  M.  Co.  Ib  working  a 
number  of   miners  on  its  claims  5  miles 
above  Clifton  on  the  Frisco  river. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Burson  & 
Langley,  who  recently  erected  a  stamp 
mill  at  Buckeye,  will  put  it  in  operation 
this  week. 

Manager  Welch  of  Phoenix  has  gone  to 
the  White  Tank  mountains  to  get  out  ore 
from  his  claims.  He  will  have  the  ore 
hauled  5  miles  to  the  mill  at  Buckeye. 

The  Grijaloa  Coarse  G.  M.  Co.,  in  which 
a  number  of  Phoenix  parties  are  inter- 
ested, report  development  work  in  rapid 
progress,  with  excellent  showings. 

G.  Hamlin  is  contemplating  the  erection 
of  a  stamp  mill  at  the  Relief  mine. 

Phoenix,  August  24. 

G.  B.  Upton,  manager  of  the  Oro  Grande 
mine,  near  Wickenburg,  says  he  will  put 
in  a  heavier  hoist  and  build  a  5-stamp 
mill  to  give  the  ores  a  thorough  working 
test,  after  which  a  100-stamp  mill  will  be 
installed. 


MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— Work  will 
be  resumed  on  the  Tennessee  mine.  In 
addition  to  increased  development  work 
underground,  the  mine  will  be  enlarged 

and  new  machinery  added. The  Argo 

mine,  on  Sherum's  peak,  is  outputting 
shipping  ore.  The  shaft  is  being  sunk 
below  the  200-foot  level,  going  to  300  feet. 
Two  levels  In  the  mine  are  producing  two 
carloads  of  ore  per  month. 

The  Elkhart  M.  Co.  proposes  to  resume 
work  on  the  mine  next  week.  It  is  said 
the  600-foot  shaft  is  in  bad  shape  and 
work  will  have  to  be  started  elsewhere. 
There  is  milling  ore  in  the  old  workings, 
but  it  is  intended  to  open  up  a  new  body 
of  ore  below  the  present  600-foot  mark. 

Superintendent  L.  Hoffman  of  the 
Samoa  mine,  near  Chloride,  reports  the 
mine  outputting  high-grade  silver  ore 
from  a  new  point  of  opening  on  the  350- 
foot  level.  Besides  silver,  it  also  carries 
values  in  gold  and  copper.  A  20-jack 
train  makes  two  trips  a  day  with  ore  from 
the  mine  to  the  depot  of  the  A.  &  U.  Rail- 
road, the  output  being  four  carloads  a 
month. 

At  the  Home  Pastime  mine,  Mineral 
Park,  work  1b  suspended  for  the  present. 
There  is  a  considerable  tonnage  of  ore  of 
below  shipping  grade  on  the  dump.  Cya- 
niding  is  proposed S.  W.  Toby  re- 
ports a  gold  find  in  his  and  W.  Alger's 
Great  West  mine. 

At  the  gold  6trike  of  Dempsey  &  O'Dea 
at  Prilgrim,  work  is  progressing  on  the 
three  100  foot  prospecting  shafts  In  the 
vein. 

Men  continue  going  to  the  sc9ne  of  the 
recent  gold  find  near  Kingman,  and  the 
ground  is  monumented  for  several  miles 
in  the  line  of  the  mineral  out  from  Mc- 

Connlco  Junction. Mining  is   quiet  at 

Union  Pass,  although  G.  Richardson, 
owner  of  a  group  of  gold  claims,  is  doing 
a  little  work,  with  a  view  of  transferring 
bis  properties  to  a  company. 

The  10-stamp  mill  at  the  Virginia  mine, 
25  miles  west  of  Chloride,  is  in  operation 
with  satisfactory  results.  The  capacity 
of  the  mill  iB  not  up  to  the  output   of  ore. 

Chloride,  Aug.  24. 

SANTA  CRUZ  COUNTY. 
The  Hermosa  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated and  has  taken  over  the  Hermosa 
mine  at  Harshaw.  E.  E.  Conklin,  W.  S 
Frasler,  H.  F.  Burt,  H.  W.  PenecoBt, 
C.  C.  Kneisley,  N.  D  McGinley,  H.  E. 
Allen,  C.  B.  Adams,  B.  S.  McGuire  of 
Oklahoma  and  J.  S  Cunningham  of  Har- 
shaw are  incorporators. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

The  Denver  Onyx  &  Marble  Co.  has 
bought  the  beds  of  the  Arizona  Onyx  Co. 
at  Mayer,  which  adjoins  their  property, 
says  Superintendent  Eaton.  The  two 
groups  will  be  operated  in  conjunction. 
The  quarrying  of  stone  continues  and  the 
first  shipment  to  Eastern  points  was  made 
this  week. 

Bars  of  gold  bullion  are  being  shipped 
regularly  from  the  Henrietta  mine  of  the 
Braganza  M.  Co  ,  near  Bigbug,  says  Su- 
perintendent Johns.  He  has  twenty 
Btamps  dropping  and  fifty  men  at  work. 
A  30  H.  P.  boiler  has  been  added  to  the 
pumping  plant. 

Superintendent  Rankin  of  the  Henrietta 
mine,  having  secured  a  bond  on  the  Ne- 
vada group,  near  Prescott,  has  Btarted 
work.  The  shaft  on  the  Nevada  is  being 
retimbered  and  sunk  deeper. 

The  Monte  Cristo  mine,  near  Prescott, 
has  been  unwatered  and  men  are  being 
put  to  work  in  the  mine.  The  mill  Is  ex- 
pected to  be  in  operation  next  month. 

The  Model  G.  M.  Co.  at  McCabe  is  put- 
ting in  additional  machinery.  The  two  80 
H.  P.  boilers  are  in  place,  the  gallows- 
frame  completed  and  the  shaft  retim- 
bered down  65  feet  (as  far  as  it  was  dam- 
aged by  the  fire  which  destroyed  the  mill 
last  spring)  The  mill  is  being  built  200 
feet  from  the  hoisting  plant.  The  ore 
will  be  trammed  from  ore  bins  at  the 
hoist  into  the  mill.  The  machinery  in  the 
mill  will  he  run  by  a  35  H.  P.  gasoline 
engine,  while  a  65  H.  P.  Bteam  hoist  will 
be  used  at  the  shaft.  The  mine  is  filled 
with  water  up  to  the  500-foot  level,  but 
the  pumps  will  be  started  this  week. 

It  is  reported  deposits  of  gypsum  have 
been  found  east  of  Mayer. 

Seven  and  one-half  miles  south  of  Pres- 
cott, at  the  Home  Run  mine,  Douglas, 
Lacey  &  Co.  are  preparing  to  build  a  mill- 
ing plant.     It  will  be  of  6-stamp  capacity. 

The  Mount  Union  group  of  mines  at 
Mount  Union,  near  Prescott,  have  been 
sold  to  the  Arizona-Michigan  M.  Co.  The 
company  intends  to  put  in  machinery  and 
start  sinking. 

CALIFORNIA. 

BUTTE  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — The  Feather 
Valley  Gold  Dredging  Co  ,  in  the  Feather 
River  Valley  district,  have  shipped  a 
driller  to  their  property  to  test  the  land  In 
*-acre  tracts.    Eight  tests  so  far  made  run 


from  13  centB   to  $1  25  per  cubic   yard. 
This  property  iB  being  tested  to  determine 
the  exact  values  in  the  gravel  bed  before 
putting  on  a  dredger. 
Oroville,  Aug.  24. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

At  the  Melones  mine,  at  Melones,  sixty 
Btamps  are  dropping  in  the  mill.  Some 
specimen  rock  is  reported  taken  out  of 
the  Reserve  cut  last  week. 

Eighty  stamps  have  been  added  to  the 
mill  at  the  Gwin  mine,  making  a  total  of 
100  stamps  dropping  regularly. 

All  the  men  were  laid  off  at  the  Utica 
mifle  of  the  Utlca  G.  M.  Co.,  at  Angels, 
on  the  21st  inst.,  and  the  mine  abandoned, 
as  being  worked  out.  The  car  tracks,  air 
pipes,  drills  and  all  machinery  under 
ground  have  been  taken  out.  The  mill 
will  be  kept  at  work  until  the  ore  bins  are 
emptied.  The  old  Madison  shaft  is  to  be 
reopened,  and  some  of  the  men  taken  out 
of  the  Utlca  will  be  employed  there.  The 
work  at  the  Cross  shaft  and  Stickle  mill 
will  not  be  interrupted.  Pumps  were 
taken  to  the  Madison  shaft  and  set  up 
last  week. 

At  the  Silver  Cup  gravel  claim,  owned 
by  Cuneo  &  Queirolo,  at  Frlcot,  near 
Sheep  Ranch,  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  to 
depth  of  45  feet  and  pay  gravel  struck.  It 
is  intended  to  put  in  a  whim  and  sink  an 
additional  75  feet. Work  1b  progress- 
ing at  the  Grape  Brandy  mine,  owned  by 
the  Smith  G.  M.  Co.  of  San  Francisco, 
under  Superintendent  C.  W.  Saunders.  A 
gasoline  hoist  has  been  set  up  and  a  shaft 
sunk  to  depth  of  135  feet.  Assays  at  this 
depth  show  $10  in  gold. 

The   Emerald   mine,    on   Indian  creek, 
near  Angels,   and  owned   by  J.  F.  Davis, 
will  be  reopened  at  the  old  shaft. 
DEL  NORTE  COUNTY. 

J.  S.  Crawford,  manager  of  the  Cleo- 
patra group  of  copper  mines  near  Smith 
River,  says  work  Is  progressing  and  devel- 
opment Is  being  increased. 

EL  DORADO   COUNTY. 

Work  is  progressing  at  the  Noonday 
copper  mine  near  Logtown.  A  boiler  and 
a  machine  will  have  been  put  in.  The 
property  is  bonded  by  the  Pelton  Chem- 
ical Co.  and  sixteen  men  are  employed, 
says  the  Georgetown  Gazette. 

At  the  Crystal  mine,  on  French  creek, 
2  miles  south  of  Shingle,  they  are  prepar- 
ing to  add  five  stamps  to  the  5  stamp  mill. 

It  Is  reported  work  will  be  resumed  at 
the  Garfield  mine,  near  Josephine,  by 
Manager  Chapman. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 

The  New  San  Francisco  Crude  Oil  Co 
well,  near  Coalinga,  which  was  finished 
last  week,  is  pumping  at  the  rate  of  150 
barrels  per  day,  says  the  Reporter. 

INYO  COUNTY. 
The  Pacific  Coast  Borax  Co.  has  men  at 
work  on  the  roadway  which  it  Is  building 
from  Ivanpah,  San  Bernardino  Co ,  to 
Ash  Meadows.  The  road  is  being  built  to 
tap  their  borax  deposits,  near  Death 
valley. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

The  Associated  Oil  Co.  has  completed 
ten  wells  on  ItB  Central  Point  lease,  near 
Bakersfield,  during  the  past  month,  some 
of  which  are  proving  good  producers. 

The  Superior  Oil  Co.  will  drill  Its  third 
well  at  Sunset  after  a  suspension  of  one 
year,  sayB  Superintendent  E.  W.  McCut- 
cheon.  The  company  already  has  two 
wells  ready  for  pumping. 

Machinery  for  the  Karma  mill,  near 
Mojave,  is  on  the  ground  and  building  will 
begin  Sept.  1.  More  men  will  be  put  into 
the  mine. 

Near  Randsburg  T.  McCarthy  has  be- 
gun development  on  the  Teresa  mine. 

S.  J.  Montgomery  and  D.  McEachan  are 
working  on  the  Annex  mine. 

Superintendent  Bouchard  reports  he 
has  begun  stoping  on  the  100  foot  level  at 
White's  Camp,  near  Randsburg,  says  the 

Miner. E.  Bergman  has  taken  a  lease 

on  the  Tam  O'Shanter  claim  in  Stringer 
district. 

The  Junction  Oil  Co.  has  started  work 
on  its  No.    5  well  at  Kern    river,   near 

Bakersfield The  East  Puente  Oil  Co. 

started  work  last  week  on  its  No.  7  well. 
This  company  is  owned  by  San  Diego 
men.  Its  holdings  amount  to  ten  acres 
and  its  production  is  said  to  be  12,000  bar- 
rels a  month,  Bays  the  Californlan. 

The  Associated  Oil  Co.  has  completed 
ten  wells  on  Its  Central  Point  lease  in  Kern 
river  field,  near  Bakersfield,  during  the 
last  month,  some  of  which  are  proving 
good  producers.  Drilling  will  continue 
until  thirty  six  wells  have  been  finished, 
in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  lease. 
NEVADA  COUNTY. 

Operations  are  again  under  way  at  the 
Lecompton  mine  in  Willow  valley,  near 
Nevada  City.  The  10-stamp  mill  was 
started  last  week.  The  mill  and  com- 
pressor are  driven  by  two  6-foot  impulse 
water  wheels  under  a  head  of  310  feet, 
and  the  hoist  is  driven  by  a  separate  line 
under  same  pressure.    The  plant  will  be 


completed  by  addition  of  a  dynamo  and 
1 50  electric  lights  in  the  shaft  and  build- 
ings. The  sand  plant,  capable  of  hand- 
ling all  the  pulp  of  the  mill,  is  expected  to 
be  ready  next  week,  Bays  W.  H.  Dunlap, 
superintendent. 

G.  C.  Hayes,  who  has  a  bond  on  the 
Randolph  Flat  mine  near  Rough  and 
Ready,  is  preparing  to  increase  develop- 
ment work.  A  hoist  and  other  machinery 
are  going  In. 

The  Sierra  Queen  mine,  near  Nevada 
City,  after  a  short  shut-down,  has  re- 
sumed. A  larger  pump  will  be  put  in 
later  on  and  drifts  run  on  the  south  side 
of  the  shaft  to  tap  the  ledge  under  Deer 
creek. 

The  mill  of  the  New  York  -Grass  Valley 
Con.  Co.,  near  Grass  Valley,  will  start  up 
this  week.  Forty  tons  of  ore  on  the  dump 
will  be  milled  before  rock  from  the  re- 
opened mine  is  tried.  The  company  re- 
ports having  a  5-foot  ledge  in  the  bottom 
of  the  Bhaft  Bhowing  free  gold. 

A  10  stamp  mill  is  proposed  for  the  Zei- 
bright  mine,  south  of  Grass  Valley  and 
near  the  Placer  county  line.  F.  Z  sitler  of 
Nevada  City  is  manager. 

J.  A.  Jeffery  of  San  Francisco,  presi- 
dent of  the  South  Yuba  M.  &  D.  Co.,  and 
C.  W.  Porterfield,  manager,  report  work 
begun  on  the  company's  gravel  mines  east 
of  Omega.  They  have  1500  acreB  along 
and  contiguous  to  the  Omega  channel  and 
have  bought  the  Blue  Tent  water  rights 
and  canal  system.  A  sawmill  plant  has 
been  set  up  and  lumber  1b  being  cut.  This 
fall  and  next  summer  they  will  build  5 
miles  of  flume  from  the  dam  at  Bear  Val- 
ley, on  the   South  Yuba  river,  to  Omega. 

At  Town  Talk,  near  Nevada  City,  a  2- 
stamp  mill  Is  crushing  the  gravel  taken 
out  of  the  mine  of  J.  M.  &  H.  Kltts. 
They  are  opening  up  a  channel  which  ex- 
ists in  the  Town  Talk  ridge  and  tapped  It 
through  a  tunnel,  says  the  Union. 

SAN  DIEGO  COUNTY. 

W.  W.  Boswell,  superintendent  of  the 
Helvetia  and  High  Peak  mlneB,  near 
Julian,  reports  a  strike  of  free  gold  ore 
from  the  High  Peak. 

SAN  LUIS  OBISPO  COUNTY. 
The  Tar  Springs  ranch,  8  miles  east  of 
Arroyo  Grande,  has  been  sold  to  W.  W. 
Clapp  of  Pennsylvania,  who  has  had  a 
bond  on  the  land  for  $60,000.  He  will  de- 
velop the  oil  prospects. 

SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 

A.  Carter,  of  Los  Angeles,  has  bought 
the  wharf  at  Carpenteria,  together  with 
fourteen  acres  of  land  adjoining,  for  put- 
ting in  a  solar  furnace  plant  for  manufac- 
ture of  salt  from  sea  water.  Besides 
making  salt,  Carter  will  also  build  a  plant 
for  manufacture  of  the  solar  furnaces. 
SHASTA   COUNTY. 

The  Eureka  Tellurium  mine,  at  Middle 
Creek,  will  tie  put  in  operation,  says  the 
Redding  Free  Press.  The  mine  is  2J  miles 
from  Redding  and  has  several  thousand 
feet  of  tunnels  and  shafts,  showing  a  num- 
ber of  gold  bearing  quartz  ledges.  The 
Eureka  Tellurium  vein  carries  tellurides. 
The  group  consists  of  290  acres  of  pat- 
ented land  between  Salt  creek  and  the 
Shasta  road. 

The  Quartz  Hill  mine,  owned  by  the 
Original  Quartz  Hill  G.  M.  Co  ,  will  be  re- 
opened and  development  work  increased, 
says  M.  Maryanski,  a  director  of  the  com- 
pany. If  satisfactory  arrangements  can 
not  be  made  to  handle  the  ore  at  the  Kes- 
wick smelter,  his  company  will  put  up  a 
milling  plant  on  the  ground.  The  mineis 
in  Old  Diggings  district,  near  Redding. 
A.  Spetz  of  Chicago,  111 ,  is  president. 

The  Iron  Mountain  Railroad,  operated 
by  the  Mountain  Copper  Co.  at  Keswick, 
and  extending  from  the  smelter  to  the 
mine  at  Iron  Mountain,  has  decided  to 
use  oil  instead  of  wood  as  fuel  on  Its  five 
locomotives.  This  change  closes  the  use 
of  wood  as  fuel  by  the  Mountain  Copper 
Co.  Four  years  ago  it  was  using  20,000 
cords  a  year.  This  change  has  been 
brought  about  by  the  substitution  of  elec- 
trical power  furnished  by  the  Northern 
California  Power  Co.  for  steam,  the  use 
of  oil  for  fuel  Instead  of  wood  In  the  hot- 
air  blast  and  at  the  power  houses,  and 
the  abandonment  of  the  open-air  system 
of  roasting  ores,  which  alone  consumed 
several  thousand  cords  of  wood  a  year. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Suit  has  been  brought  In  Los  Angeles 
county  by  the  Corotoman  M.  Co.  against 
the  Chinese  lessees  of  the  Golden  Star 
mine  to  recover  the  sum  of  $10,000.  The 
two  mines  are  near  Forest  City.  In  the 
complaint  the  Corotoman  Co.  alleges  the 
Golden  Star  Co.  has  encroached  on  Its 
ground  by  means  of  tunnels  and  drifts 
and  removed  therefrom  gold  to  the  value 
of  $10,000. 

J.  M.  Harper  of  San  Francisco,  of  the 
Columbia  Channel  G.  M.  Co.,  has  begun 
operations  at  their  mine  at  American  Hill, 
near  Forest  City.  He  has  eight  men  at 
work  running  a  tunnel  to  tap  the  chan- 
nel. 


August  29,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


138 


SISKIYOU   COUNTY. 
The  Schroeder  mine  on  Dead  wood  creek, 
near   Fort  Jones,    has  closed   down   tem- 
porarily, throwing  thirty  men  out  of  work, 
says  the  Siskiyou  News. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

Twenty- five  men  are  at  work  on  the 
Integral  quicksilver  mine  near  Altoona, 
says  Superintendent  P.  Mahon.  The 
company  Is  doing  development  work, 
driving  shafts  and  tunnels,  and  last  week 

a  body  of  ore  was  struck. The  Altoona 

quicksilver  mine,  which  was  closed  down 
several  years  ago.  Is  being  worked  by  a 
party  of  Swedes,  who  are  working  the 
dump. 

There  were  fifteen  lode  locations  filed 
last  week  for  claims  in  Hayfork  section. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

Dimbacher  &  Co.  have  put  In  a  hoist 
on  the  Telegraph  Hill  mine,  on  the  Dam- 
bacher  ranch,  near  Columbia. 

The  work  of  unwaterlog  the  Mt.  Hood 
mine,  owoed  by  the  Rawhide  Extension 
G.  M.  Co  ,  near  Jamestown,  Is  in  progress. 

A  heavier  pump  is  being  put  in  by  Su- 
perintendent Sharwood  to  handle  the  flow 
of  water  struck  in  cutting  the  ore  shoot  in 
the  Soulsby  mine,  at  Soulsbyvllle. 

Superintendent  Converse,  at  the  Draper 
mine,  near  Soulsby  ville,  says  operations 
will  be  resumed. 

J  Phillips,  managing  the  Los  Angeles 
gold  mines  group  of  three  claims  south  of 
the  Tuolumne  river,  near  Groveland,  says 
the  10  stamp  mill  will  be  in  operation  next 
week.  The  number  of  men  at  work  will 
be  Increased  as  soon  as  the  mill  starts. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  The  Globe 
plant  is  resuming  operations  as  fast  as 
they  can  get  ready.  They  now  have  sev- 
eral of  their  furnaces  running. 

There  is  talk  of  settling  the  strike  at 
Cripple  Creek,  but  the  way  things  are 
shaping  themselves  the  operators  will 
have  nothing  to  settle,  as  It  Is  reported 
they  are  able  to  secure  all  the  men  they 
want.  Some  of  the  mines  have  resumed 
operations  under  guard. 

Denver,  Aug.  24. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

In  Upper  Union  district,  near  Empire, 
the  St.  Paul  &  Colorado  M  &  M.  Co.  has 
bought  the  Mark  Hanna  lode  and  thirty- 
two  other  locations. 

The  Ella  McKlnney  M.  Co.  of  Idaho 
Springs  has  added  another  claim  to  its 
group  in  Cascade  district,  on  Ute  creek, 
buying  the  Victor  lode.  The  Ella  McKin- 
ney  will  be  opened  later  by  the  Burns- 
Moore  tunnel. 

A  large  shipment  of  iron  concentrates 
was  made  from  the  Mendota  mill,  near 
Silver  Plume,  last  week,  which  had  accu- 
mulated since  the  mill  has  been  in  opera- 
tion, only  the  lead   zinc    products    being 

shipped  heretofore Southward  &  Cav- 

anaugh  have  taken  a  lease  on  a  block  of 
ground  on  the  Vulcan,  and  are  opening 
up  a  shoot  of  ore,  says  the  Silver  Stand- 
ard. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

Karrigan  &  SIkes  of  Leonardsville, 
Kan.,  have  bought  the  J.  Ingram  one- 
quarter  Interest  in  the  International 
group  of  seven  claims,  near  Central  City, 
lor  $3000  cash. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Missouri  mine, 
near  Russell  Gulch,  will  resume,  with 
P.  McCann  as  superintendent. 

New  York  men  are  interested  in  the 
Gold  Run  M.  &  M.  Co  ,  operating  near  the 
head  of  South  Boulder  creek,  near  Nugget, 
and  they  have  a  tunnel  in  200  feet,  of  which 
50  feet  is  double  track.  They  intend  to 
put  in  an  air  compressor  plant  and  drive 
the  tunnel  all  winter,  so  they  will  be 
able  to  open  up  some  of  the  lodes  before 
next  spring.  W.  Lewis  is  superintend- 
ent. 

M.  W.  Tanner  et  al.  of  Idaho  Springs 
have  a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Gomer  mine, 
near  Russell  Gulch,  and  machinery  has 
been  put  in  during  the  past  week  and  the 
mlDe  unwatered.  The  working  shaft  is 
down  100  feet  and  as  soon  as  retimbered 
the  lessees  will  sink  another  100  feet  and 
explore  the  former  workings. It  is  re- 
ported that  the  Lillian  mine,  in  Russell 
district,  has  been  leased  to  H.  Banner  of 
Idaho  Springs,  who  will  start  develop- 
ments next  week.  The  shaft  is  200  feet 
deep  and  it  is  expected  will  go  deeper. 

A  sinking  pump  is  being  put  In  by  the 
Powers  M.  &  M.  Co.,  Russell  Gulch. 
After  unwaterlng,  the  company  expect  to 
sink  200  feet  from  the  220-foot  point.  The 
ore  bodies  are  said  to  be  of  enargite. 
Pennsylvanians  are  interested. 

GUNNISON  COUNTY. 
The  Waunita  Con.  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  to  operate  a  group 
south  of  the  Independent  group  in  Bower- 
man  district;  J.  P.  Simpson,  K.  C.  Ster- 
ling, J.  H.  O'Neill,  S.  Bell,  J.  B.  Sanford, 
J.  Kent,  J.  T.  Ball  and  P.  McMillan;  S. 
Bell  of  Denver  is  president.  The  com- 
pany's property  consists  of  four  claims  a 


mile  south  of  the  Bowerman-Dunn  group, 
being  the  Wabash  and  the  B.  &  O.  group. 
A  shaft  will  be  sunk  on  the  line  between 
the  Wabash  No.  1  and  the  B.  &  O.  lodes. 
Besides  the  lode  claims,  the  company  owns 
100  acres  of  placer  ground  which  has  a 
sufficient  water  suoply. 

The  Ethel  G.  M.  Co.,  owning  the  Jim 
John  and  other  mining  properties  at  the 
head  of  Yule  creek,  near  Crested  Butte, 
has  men  sinking  a  shaft  on  the  Jim  John, 
in  which  they  have  struck  a  4»-foot  vein 
carrytog  galena.  A  contract  "to  run  a 
tunnel  which  will  cut  the  vein  at  depth 
has  been  let. 

Turner  &  Cantrell  of  Denver  will  work 
the  Hard  Cash  tunnel,  near  Crested 
Butte,  making  shipments  to  the  Gothic 
mill. 

The  Augusta  tunnel,  near  Crested 
Butte,  after  nineteen  months  of  continu- 
ous driving  has  reached  what  is  thought 
to  be  the  main  Augusta  vein,  says  the 
Elk  Mountain  Pilot.  The  length  is  2900 
feet.  The  building  of  the  proposed  tram 
and  mill  is  expected  to  be  started  next 
month.  In  the  meantime  drifting  on  the 
vein  and  opening  up  ore  shoots  will  go 
ahead. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 

After  a  shutdown  of  two  weeks  the 
smelter  at  Golden  was  blown  In  again  on 
the  20th  Inst.  A  new  settler  has  been  put 
In.  Besides  the  cars  of  ore  now  on  hand, 
the  Golden  smelter  slack  dump  has  been 
bought  and  will  be  worked. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  repairs  at  the  Resurrection  mill, 
near  Lead  ville,  have  been  completed  and 
shipments  will  be  resumed.  With  the  mill 
cl(  sed,  repairs  were  made  underground — 
retimbering  the  shaft  and  one  or  two 
drifts.  It  1b  thought  that  No  2  shaft  will 
be  sunk  deeper  to  get  under  the  ore  shoot 
dipping  to  the  northwest.  Magnetic  sepa- 
rators and  table  concentrators  are  used  in 
the  mill,  making  a  clean  product  of  lead, 
iron  and  zinc.  The  zinc  ore  is  then  passed 
over  driers  and  then  the  magnetic  sepa- 
rator is  used,  producing  two  commercial 
products — Iron  sulphides  carrying  the  pre- 
cious metals  and  a  high-grade  zinc.  In 
the  changes  made  during  the  repairing 
the  ball  grinders  were  taken  out  and 
Huntington  mills  put  in.     Six  are  set  up. 

The  east  end  of  Fryer  hill,  at  Leadvllle, 
is  active,  says  the  Carbonate  Chronicle. 
The  Pitzhugh  mine  has  resumed  under 
lease  to  T.  Kyle  and  R.  B.  Estey,  who  are 
opening  it  up  at  the  452-foot  level.  It  is 
necessary  to  drive  a  drift  83  feet  to  reach 
a  known  ore  body. 

OURAY  COUNTY. 

Near  Ouray  a  fifty-ton  mill  is  going  up 
at  the  Bob  Tail  mine,  which  is  expected 
to  be  in  operation  by  October  1st.  The 
14  foot  ore  body  is  showing  values  in  gold 

and  silver. Mead  ville,  Penn  ,  men  have 

leased  the  Yorktown  lode  in  Red  Moun- 
tain  district,  and  development  work  has 

been  started. Three  shifts  are  driving 

the  tunnel  in  the  Governor  mine,  and  it  is 
expected  the  gold-bearing  vein  of  the 
upper  workings  will  be  cut  this  week. 
The  tunnel  is  in  690  feet  and  the  silver- 
bearing  vein  found  In  the  upper  workings 
has  already  been  cut.  Should  the  body  of 
low-grade  ore  prove  as  large  as  in  the 
upper  workings,  they  propose  to  build  a 
mill.  The  compressor  and  boiler,  which 
were  moved  by   a  snowslide  last  winter, 

will  be  replaced  on  the  mlllsite. The 

Treasury  tunnel  is  shipping  ore. 
SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

A  company,  with  F.  C.  WeiBer  of  Ne- 
braska as  manager,  has  been  organlzad  to 
acquire  mining  territory  in  Ice  Lake  sec- 
tion, near  Silverton,  and  last  week  bought 
the  Emma  group  of  mines  for  $40,000 
The  Emma  group  is  in  Ice  Lake  basin, 
between  the  Golden  Horn  mine  and  the 
fork  of  South  Mineral  creek.  The  sale 
Included  a  stamp  mill  and  water  right  and 
other  mill  Bites. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

Robbins  &  Field,  who  have  a  lease  from 
the  Smuggler-Union  M.  Co.  on  all  the 
dumps  at  the  Sheridan  mine,  in  Marshall 
basin,  near  Tellurlde,  started  their  10- 
stamp  mill  last  week  and  are  treating 
twenty-five  to  thirty  tons  per  day.  It  is 
built  close  to  the  dumps  and  the  ore  is 
hauled  by  wagons.  Twenty  men  are  at 
work.  The  average  value  of  the  ore  is 
said  to  run  $10  per  ton. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —The  Ten 
Mlle-M.  &  L.  Co.  have  179  acres,  and  the 
ore  shoot  is  supposed  to  run  a  distance  of 
2600  feet  on  their  ground.  They  have 
been  operating  two  and  one-half  years  and 
recently  struck  a  good  body  of  ore.  They 
are  now  taking  out  twenty-five  tons  of  ore 
per  day  and  shipping  to  the  Leadville 
smelter.  They  are  crosscutting  at  present. 
When  they  commence  stoping  they  will 
be  able  to  produce  seventy-five  tons  per 
day.  The  ore  body  is  5  to  7  feet  thick  and 
averages  $22  per  ton.  H.  M.  Shepard, 
manager  of  the  company,  is  unwatering 
an  old  Bhaft  on  the  property  to  take  out 


some  ore  left  there  in  1893,  which  they 
were  unable  to  get  out  at  that  time.  Aa 
soon  as  the  task  of  unwatering  this  shaft 
is  accomplished,  it  is  the  intention  of  the 
company  to  install  an  air  compressor  for 
supplying  air  for  both  shafts.  Sixteen 
men  are  employed  at  present.  F.  Hurd  Is 
secretary  and  treasurer. 

Robinson,  Aug.  25. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

The  Mountain  Boy  M.  Co  ,  operating  on 
Raven  hill,  Cripple  Creek,  has  secured 
additional  working  funds  and  resumed 
sinking  the  main  Bhaft.  It  is  Intended  to 
continue  to  depth  of  400  feet.  A  level  was 
extended  at  the  150-foot  point  and  consid- 
erable development  work  done,  but  It  was 
found  that  depth  was  needed.  The  terri- 
tory of  the  company  will  be  cut  by  the 
Ophelia  tunnel  at  depth  of  800  feet. 

E.  S.  Johnson  of  Colorado  Springs,  sole 
owner  of  the  Blue  Bird  mine,  on  Battle 
mountain,  near  Cripple  Creek,  has  decided 
to  equip  his  property  with  a  steam  plant 
good  for  from  2000  feet,  says  the  Gazette. 
The  plant  will  be  similar  to  that  In  oper- 
ation over  the  main  shaft  of  the  Vindi- 
cator mine,  but  with  the  addition  of  heav- 
ier boilers.  Johnson  has  developed  the 
mine  to  depth  of  1350  feet,  having  opened 
a  number  of  veins  in  ore  all  the  way  down. 
The  principal  ore  deposits,  however,  occur 
below  the  1000  foot  point. 

R.  Young  of  the  Quentin  Investment 
Co.  of  Denver  says  the  Calera  M.  Co  has 
taken  a  bond  and  lease  on  the  Colorado 
mine,  A  mile  from  the  Calera  mine,  in 
Cripple  Creek  district.  They  will  increase 
developments. 

The  Savage  G.  &  C.  Co.  says  the 
monthly  report  of  the  work  done  by  Les- 
see J  D  Rankin,  operating  the  Gold  King 
claim  on  Gold  hill,  Cripple  Creek,  shows 
the  lessee  will  put  in  air  drills  and  will  op- 
erate the  mine,  carrying  out  development 
work  In  the  Good  Will  tunnel,  which  cuts 
the  property  at  depth  of  600  feet.  He  will 
crosscut  from  the  tunnel  250  feet  to  open 
the  vein  at  600  feet. 

Lessees  Grant  &  Hart,  operating  on  the 
Currency  claim,  on  Beacon  hill,  Cripple 
Creek,  have  sunk  the  shaft  to  a  depth  of 
110  feet  and  are  drifting  on  the  vein, 
which  is  reported  showing  good  values. 
Drifts  have  been  run  30  feet  each  way — 
east  and  west — from  the  bottom  of  the 
shaft,  and  an  ore  body  3  feet  wide  has 
been  uncovered.  At  the  present  time 
they  are  operating  a  whim,  but  as  Boon  as 
the  ore  body  warrants  they  will  put  up  a 
plant  of  machinery. 

The  Globe  cyanide  mill,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  is  treating  an  average  of  fifty  tons 
of  ore  per  day. 

IDAHO. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Star  hoist  and  mill,  owned  by 
H.  R.  Plughoff  and  H.  Allen,  were  burned 
last  week;  loss,  $30,000;  insurance,  $12,- 
000.  The  property  was  14  miles  from 
Halley. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

In  Deer  Creek  district,  near  Idaho  City, 
the  Big  Bear  and  Bed  Bug  claims  were 
bonded  last  week  to  G.  E.  Spencer  et  al. 
for  $50,000,  and  development  work  will  be 
started  next  week. 

IDAHO  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  a  group  of  Beven  quartz 
and  four  placer  claims  in  Thunder  Moun- 
tain district,  near  Roosevelt  and  near  the 
headwaters  of  Profile  creek,  have  been 
taken  over  by  Lucas  &  Zsenk  of  St. 
Louis,  Mo  ,  and  W.  J.  Evans  of  Terre 
Haute,  Ind.,  for  $100  000. 

A  2-stamp  mill  will  be  put  in  on  the 
Lucky  Lad,  an  extension  of  the  Big  Buf- 
falo mine,  in  Hump  camp,  says  H  C. 
Beattie  of  Seattle,  Wash.  The  plant  will 
be  put  in  to  test  values.  The  property  Is 
developed  by  open  cuts  to  50  feet  deep, 
and  the  ledge  is  27  feet  wide.  A  steam 
hoist  has  been  set  up.  The  property  Is 
owned  by  the  Buffalo  Lake  Co,  of  Seat- 
tle.  There  are  95  men  at  work   on   the 

Jumbo,  30  on  the  Cracker  jack,  4  on  the 
Hamilton,  16  on  the  Big  Buffalo,  6  on 
the  Buffalo  Chief,  12  on  the  Mother  Lode, 
20  on  the  Concord  and  15  on  the  Atlas 
mines. 

G.  Brant,  of  the  Brant  M.  &  M.  Co., 
near  RooBevelt,  says  they  propose  to  build 
a  stamp  mill  this  fall. 

LEMHI  COUNTY. 
The  Lemhi  M.  Co.  is  to  be  incorporated, 
having  taken  over  the  Ramey  mines  on 
Silver  creek  and  the  Vulcan  group  of 
nickel-cobalt  claims  at  the  Meadows  on 
Blackbird  creek,  near  Salmon  City. 
Manager  W.  P.  Carter  has  started  devel- 
opment upon  both  properties.  The 
Ramey  mines  consist  of  five  quartz  and 
seven  placer  claims,  carrying  gold.  The 
company  will  sink  a  shaft  on  the  main 
vein,  and  will  put  up  hoisting  works. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 
R.  C.  Facer,  manager  of  the  Golden  Op- 
portunity M.   &  M.  Co  ,   operating  near 
Silver  City,   says   work  has  begun.     Hia 
company  owns  fifteen  claims  in  Sugar  Loaf 


district,  and  the  ledge  is  11  feet  in  width, 
averaging  S5  per  ton  In  gold. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —The  lower 
crosscut  of  the  Snow  Storm  property  will 
reach  the  lead  September  1st  and  will  be 
1850  feet  lODg.  It  will  tap  the  vein  at  a 
depth  of  1100  feet.  The  upper  crosscut, 
whioh  was  completed  about  fifteen  months 
ago,  opened  up  a  40-foot  lead  of  copper  car- 
bonates which  will  average  \\%  copper 
with  a  by-prod  uct  of  6  to  1 0  ounces  of  silver. 

Superintendent  Roof  of  the  Reindeer 
says  the  800-foot  crosscut  on  that  prop- 
erty will  be  completed  September  1st.  At 
the  face  of  the  preliminary  tunnel  was  ex- 
posed a  vein  of  good  concentrating  ore,  18 
feet  wide.  The  ore  Is  chalcopyrlte,  carry- 
ing a  good  by-product  of  silver. 

The  new  slime  plant  of  Larson  &  Green- 
ough  at  Mullao  will  soon  be  in  operation. 
The  object  of  the  management  Is  to  re- 
treat the  tailings  and  debris  from  the 
slime  machinery  and  floors  of  their  900- 
ton  concentrator.  The  plant  will  have 
500  feet  of  settling  surface.  Water  power 
will  be  used. 

Mullan,  Aug.  24. 

Wardner  reports  say  it  is  expected  that 
the  electric  power  brought  from  Spokane, 
Wash.,  by  the  Washington  Water  Power 
Co.  to  operate  the  mines  of  the  Coeur 
d'Alenes  will  be  ready  for  the  properties 
of  that  section  by  September  1st.  The 
equipment  Is  in  place  In  the  transforming 
station  of  the  Silver  King  mine,  the  Em- 
pire State-Idaho  mill  at  Sweeny,  the 
Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan  and  the  Last 
Chance  mines.  The  men  stringing  the 
wires  are  between  Kingston  and  Sweeny. 
The  crew,  although  somewhat  smaller 
than  formerly,  Is  making  rapid  progress 
and  will  undoubtedly  have  the  power 
ready  for  some  of  the  stations  by  Septem- 
ber iBt.  The  electricians  placing  the 
transformer  equipment  are  at  the  stations 
of  the  TIger-Poorman,  the  Mammoth,  the 
Standard  and  the  Hecla  mines.  The 
Frisco  and  the  Hercules  are  the  only 
mines  of  the  producers  outside  of  Mullan 
that  will  be  without  the  power.  The  Her- 
cules Co.  is  said  to  be  considering  the  in- 
stallation of  a  complete  electric  plant. 
The  total  horse  power  received  by  the 
mines  will  be  about  4000.  Of  this  amount 
the  Tiger-Poorman  will  have  the  great- 
est—1200— and  the  rest  is  divided  as  fol- 
lows: Standard,  1000;  Bunker  Hill  & 
Sullivan,  364;  Mammoth,  350;  Silver  King, 
Last  Chance,  Hecla,  Empire  State-Idaho 
mill,  200  each.  Some  of  these  mines  have 
water  or  steam  power,  which  will  furnish 
part  of  the  required  power. 

Manager  E.  P.  Spalding  of  the  Monarch 
M.  Co.,  driving  the  Monarch  tunnel,  5 
miles  east  of  Murray,  says  the  tunnel  is  in 
2300  feet  and  progressing  at  the  rate  of  50 
feet  a  week.  It  was  started  a  year  ago. 
According  to  the  survey  it  will  have  to  be 
driven  600  feet  farther  to  get  under  the 
tunnel  and  into  the  ledge  which  has  the 
showing  of  ore  near  the  Burface.  It  will 
then  be  1400  feet  below  the  upper  works. 

A  compressor  plant  and  a  200-ton  con- 
centrator are  to  be  put  in  at  the  Highland 
Chief  mine  on  Pine  creek,  near  Wardner, 
says  C.  W.  Stanton  of  St.  Paul,  Minn., 
who  is  part  owner  with  F.  J.  Meyst  of 
Minneapolis  and  C.  C.  Whitney  of  St. 
Paul.  The  foundations  of  the  mill  will  be 
laid  out  so  that  it  can  be  readily  enlarged 
to  400  tons. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 
LaBt  week  fire  destroyed  the  A  shaft 
house  at  the  Atlantic  mine,  south  of 
Houghton;  loss  $40,000,  fully  covered  by 
Insurance.  The  engine  house  was  not 
damaged.  This  month's  production  will 
be  slightly  curtailed,  but  the  number  of 
men  will  not  be  reduced.  Hoisting  will 
continue  through  the  other  shafts.  Be- 
low the  collar  the  shafts  will  not  be  dam- 
aged. 

MISSOURI. 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

The  Sarcoxie  M.  &  D.  Co.  has  abandoned 
its  mine  and  lease  east  of  Sarcoxie  (for- 
merly the  Sangamo),  and  has  begun  sink- 
ing on  an  adjoining  lease,  known  as  the 
Boyd  leaBe,  where  three  drill  holes  have 
shown  good  ore.  The  company  intends 
to  move  Its  mill  as  soon  as  its  shaft  is 
down  to  mineral. 

The  HayBeed  mine,  north  of  Joplln,  is 
drifting  into  ore,  says  A.  Myers.  Samples 
average  20%  zinc. 

Joplln  reports  state  that  the  powder 
famine  last  week  closed  down  10%  of  the 
mines  and  more  will  close  down  unless  the 
situation  is  relieved. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

The  John  Bull  mine  and  plant,  near 
Aurora,  is  expected  to  be  in  operation 
next  week. C.  Porter  &  Co.  are  unwat- 
ering the  Jack  Rabbit  mine,  and  expect 
to  get  to  work  in  the  ground  next  week. 

J.  Hale  &  Co.  are  drifting  into  a  good 
body  of  jack  at  their  mine  south  of  the 
Ozark  range,  near  Aurora. 


139 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29, 1903. 


NEWTON  COUNTY. 
M.  L.  Ward  &  Co.,  who  have  a  four- 
acre  lease  at  Saginaw,  are  sinking  a  shaft 
which  is  down  80  feet.  At  90  feet  the  drill 
showed  lead  ore  for  9  feet  which  they  ex- 
pect to  reach  by  Sept.  10th,  says  B.  C. 
Davies,  superintendent. 

MONTANA. 

BROADWATER  COUNTY. 

Members  of  the  Chicago  Electric  Light 
Co.  of  Chicago,  111.,  have  bonded  the  New 
Era,  Vulture,  Switzerland,  Little  Annie 
and  Sitting  Bull  claims  in  Park  district. 
The  Sparta  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated by  O.  Sparta  of  Hassel  and 
G.  Hays,  H.  Rickards  and  J.  Hibbard  of 
Helena,  to  work  the  Bedford  Nos.  1  and  2, 
the  Bullion,  Gray  Eagle  and  Mammoth 
claims  in  Park  district.  There  is  a  mill 
and  water  right  with  the  property.  A 
concentrator  and  cyanide  plant  will  be 
built. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 

At  the  sapphire  mines  at  Yogo  the  New 
Syndicate  Co.  's  mines  have  only  sixteen 
men  employed  at  present,  says  C.  T.  Gads 
den,  superintendent.  Mining  has  been  sus- 
pended temporarily  to  permit  sluicing  of 
the  large  amount  of  matrix  that  was  ex- 
tracted from  the  mines  during  last  winter. 
Most  of  the  men  employed  are  sluicing, 
but  a  few  are  making  repairs  and  prepara- 
tions for  resuming  mining  next  month. 
The  first  development  work  will  be  drift- 
ing on  the  vein  from  the  bottom  of  a  100- 
foot  Bhaft.  Two  dams  for  holding  the 
tailings  from  the  sluice  boxes  have  been 
built  this  summer. 

D.  J.  Burr  has  bought  a  one-fourth  in- 
terest for  $1500  in  three  claims  in  North 
Moccasin  district,  near  Lewistown,  being 
the  Good  Luck,  Handicap  and  Old  Flint 
Rock.  They  are  on  Dog  creek,  between 
Plum  creek  and  the  Barnes-King  group. 

B.  P.  Lindsey  of  Kendall  has  bought  a 
cne-half  interest  in  a  group  of  claims  com- 
prising the  Gray  Hound,  Black  Bird, 
Sweepstakes,  Blue  Bird,  Triumph,  Troy 
and  Mendota,  one-half  mile  from  the  head 
of  Plum  creek  and  one  and  one-half  mile 
from  the  Kendall  mill.  Considerable  work 
has  been  done  on  them  and  the  ore  shows 
gold  values. 

The    Surprise    group,     in    the    Judith 
mountains,     near    Lewiston,     has     been 
bonded  to  A.  P.  Pendleton  for  the  J  udith 
M.  Co.  for  $17,000,  says  the  Argus. 
FLATHEAD    COUNTY. 

W.  A.  Hillis,  N.  R.  Burlingham  and  A. 
Davidson  have  bonded  the  Batcheler 
group  of  claims  in  West  Fisher  district, 
near  Cabinet,  for  $30,000.  There  are 
seven  claims  in  the  group  and  they  are  on 

Blacktail  mountain. The  A.  K.  Co.  are 

running  their  mill  on  ore  broken  earlier 
in  the  season  from  the  Gold  Bug  ledge, 
says  the  Western  News.  The  tunnel  is 
being  driven  ahead  in  the  Gold  King. 
When  the  surplus  ore  is  run  out  more 
miners  will  be  put  to  work  and  stopes 
opened,  says  Manager  S.  J.  MorriB. 

A  strike  of  ore  is  reported  at  the  Illinois 
&  Montana  G.  M.  Co.  mine  in  West  Fisher 
district,  near  Cabinet.  The  ore  Bhows 
free  gold.  It  is  intended  to  put  a  mill  on 
this  property  this  fall. 

GRANITE  COUNTY. 

The  Crescent  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  on 
Stony  creek,  20  miles  west  of  PhilipBburg, 
is  putting  in  an  air  compressor  plant  at 
the  mine,  which  will  be  operated  by  water 
power  from  Stony  creek.  The  main  tun- 
nel is  in  1020  feet  and  will  go  to  1800  feet. 
E.  L.  Christensen  of  Ann  Arbor,  Mich., 
is  manager. 

The  Willow  Creek  M.  Co.  was  organized 
at  Phillpsburg  last  week  to  develop  and 
operate  a  group  of  claims  on  upper  Willow 
creek.  The  officers  are  J.  H.  Grant, 
A.  H.  Wahl,  T.  J.  Haugeberg  and  D. 
Olson,  who  is  manager. 

A  number  of  lessees  are  at  work  on  the 
Nancy  Hanks  mine  at  Garnet,  owned  by 
S.  Ritchey.  On  the  Cascade,  another  of 
Ritchey 's  claims,  which  adjoins  the  Nancy 
Hanks,  a  tunnel  is  being  driven  to  tap  the 
Nancy  Hanks  vein  and  is  in  530  feet.  It  is 
expected  at  100  feet   farther  the  vein  will 

be  cut Crawford,  Mueller  &  Baker  are 

leasing  the  International  mine  of  the 
MusBigbrod  group  and  are  taking  out 
ore. 

L.  U.  Loomis,  of  the  Gold  Reef  M.  Co., 
operating  on  the  south  fork  of  Boulder 
creek,  7  miles  northeast  of  Phillipsburg, 
says  development  work  will  be  increased. 
He  has  twelve  men  at  work  building  a 
wagon  road  up  South  Boulder  creek  to 
the  mines.  Loomis  last  week  bought  five 
adjoining  claims— the  Mayflower  group — 
which  gives  the  company  a  tract  of  160 
acres,  with  good  mill  site  and  a  spring 
flowing  75,000  gallons  of  water  per  day. 
JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 

The  Lincoln  C.  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated by  J.  A.  Talbot,  P.  Mullins,  R.  B. 
Smith,  J.  F.  Finlan,  J.  B.  McClernan, 
W.  Y.  Pemberton  of  Butte  and  T.  H. 
Carter  of  Helena.  The  company  has  ac- 
quired a  group  of  quartz  claims  in  Little 


Boulder  district,  12  miles  from  Boulder. 
Development  work  will  be  started. 

G.  H.  Kent  of  Helena  has   a  lease  and 
bond  on  the  Mollie  McGregor   mine  near 
Basin  for  $50,000  and  for  eighteen  months. 
LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

M.  Malm  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  who  1b  in- 
terested in  the  Yellow  Jacket  properties, 
4  miles  from  Helena,  says  he  is  preparing 
to  resume  work  in  the  mines  and  mill. 

The  Driebert  mill,  in  Dry  Gulch,  4  miles 
from  Helena,  has  been  put  in  operation. 

The  Gold  Ridge  M.  Co.  has  been  Incor- 
porated by  H.  Klein,  F.  K.  Turner,  E.  C. 
Day,  J.  A.  Walsh  and  J.  O.  Briscoe,  of 
Helena.  They  will  develop  and  work  a 
group  of  seven  quartz  claims  and  eighty- 
three  acres  of  placer  ground  and  1500 
miner's  incheB  of  water  in  the  Prickly 
Pear  river,  near  the  Big  Indian  mine. 
The  Northern  Pacific  and  the  Great 
Northern  railroads  and  the  line  of  the 
Missouri  Power  Co.  all  run  through  the 
placer  ground.  The  company  will  start 
work  next  week,  and  will  put  up  a  100- 
stamp  mill  at  the  mouth  of  Jackson  creek 
on  the  power  line,  bringing  the  ore  from 
the  mines  by  a  wire  tramway,  says  the 
Inter-Mountain. 

MADISON  COUNTY. 

The  Clipper  mine,  near  Pony,  is  closed 
down. 

At  Brandon,  near  Virginia  City,  the 
mill  and  smelter  of  the  BiBmarek-Nugget 
Gulch  Con.  M.  Co.  are  ready,  awaiting 
completion  of  the  power  plant.  The  mill 
has  capacity  of  100  tons  per  day.  It  is 
equipped  with  Blake  crusher,  roughing 
rolls,  to  which  is  attached  with  automatic 
feeder  two  sets  of  finishing  rolls,  two 
trommels,  hydraulic  classifiers,  two  four- 
compartment  jigs,  settling  tanks  and 
table  concentrators.  The  ore  iB  con- 
veyed from  the  mines,  a  distance  of  1J 
mile,  with  elevation  800  feet  above  the 
mill,  to  the  mill  by  aerial,  double-rope 
tramway  having  capacity  of  500  tons  per 
day.  The  tram  is  supported  by  twenty- 
one  towers,  varying  in  height  from  16  to 
45  feet.  At  the  mill  the  ore  is  auto- 
matically dumped  onto  grizzly  bars,  from 
which  it  is  automatically  fed  to  a  crusher. 
The  concentrates  are  elevated  automatic- 
ally to  the  drying  floor  of  the  smelter, 
from  which  they  go  to  the  charging  floor 
by  gravity.  The  furnace  is  a  fifty-ton 
water  jacket  lead  furnace.  An  electric 
road  connecting  the  company's  mill  and 
smelter  with  the  N.  P.  railway  at  Sheri- 
dan will  be  built. 

MISSOULA  COUNTY. 

Vermillion  reports  state  that  the  con- 
centrator and  nearly  the  entire  plant  of 
the  Kentucky-Vermillion  M.  &  Concen- 
trating Co.  was  destroyed  by  fire  last 
week.  The  loss  is  estimated  at  $125,000, 
with  $30,000  insurance.  The  property  was 
owned  by  Spokane,  Wash.,  men,  being 
E.  J.  Dyer,  E.  H.  Belden,  J.  Lawyer  and 
J.  E.  Branscombe. 

PARK    COUNTY. 

Manager  Byrne  of  the  Sheep  Mountain 
M.  Co.,  near  Cooke  City,  says  arrange- 
ments are  being  made  to  build  two  me- 
chanical roasting  furnaces. 

POWELL  COUNTY. 

The  Missouri  &  Montana  M.  Co.  has 
bonded  for  $25,000  two  claims  on  Nigger 
Hill,  near  Elllston,  called  the  Whitetail 
and  No.  2.  They  have  4  feet  of  gold-sil- 
ver-lead ore,  averaging  $25  per  ton,  says 
the  Inter-Mountain.  The  company  has 
three  shifts  sinking  a  shaft  and  driving  a 
tunnel,  and  shipping  ore  is  being  taken 
out. 

NEVADA- 
ESMERALDA  COUNTY. 
J.  H.  Rae,  of  Dayton,  has  bonded  the 
Lottie  group  of  claims  in  Garfield  district 
for  $3500.  The  ore  carries  values  in  sil- 
ver, gold  and  lead.  The  claims  are  6  miles 
from  the  C.  &  C.  railroad.  Developments 
will  be  started. 

HUMBOLDT  COUNTY. 

The  Zelda  mine,  30  miles  southwest  of 
Lovelock,  started  up  last  week  with  six- 
teen men. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  strike  situation  at  Searchlight, 
after  two  and  a  half  months,  seems  to 
Bhow  little  or  no  change.  The  owners 
and  operators  are  still  in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  Contract  work  is  in  progress  on  the 
Cyrus  Noble  ;  the  lone  is  working  a  few 
men,  paying  the  union  scale  of  wages,  and 
the  New  Era  is  building  a  mill.  In  gen- 
eral, the  union  is  said  to  be  sanctioning  all 
prospect  and  development  work,  produc- 
ing properties  alone  being  under  the  ban. 

The  Wagner  Bros,  group  at  Knob  Hill, 
near  Searchlight,  have  been  sold  to  F.  L. 
Winters,  J.  B.  Anderson  and  F.  Slegel 
for  $5000.  It  consists  of  the  DaiBy,  Daisy 
Bell  and  Oakland  and  the  Daisy  Bell  mill- 
site.  There  is  a  small  stamp  mill  on  the 
ground.  The  main  difficulty  in  the  past 
has  been  lack  of  sufficient  water. 

NYE  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence).— In  the  Charm 


mine  here,  owned  by  Martin  Murray, 
president;  Dennis  M.  O'Sullivan,  vice- 
president;  Paul  Desmond,  secretary;  John 
S.  Merrill,  treasurer;  W.  R.  Whittier  and 
N.  N.  Wilson,  an  assay  of  ore,  8  feet  from 
the  surface,  this  week  showed  gold,  15T^fa 
ounces,  $315;  silver,  40c. 

Butler,  Aug.  24. 

The  Atwood  M.  &  D.  Co.  has  leased  to 
the  Inman  Co.  two  claims  of  their  group 
at  Atwood,  near  Tonopah. 

At  the  Ohio-Tonopah  mine  at  Tono- 
pah the  air  compressor  plant  and  machine 
drills  are  in  operation. At  the  Tono- 
pah &  California  mine  the  main  working 
shaft,  on  which  sinking  was  resumed  Au- 
gust 1,  has  been  sunk  25  feet  below  the 
450-foot  level.  They  are  working  eighteen 
men,  says  President  Blythe. 

The  Montana-Tonopah  M.  Co.  at  Tono- 
pah reports  a  recent  shipment  of  sixty- 
three  tons  of  ore  which  netted  $14,428 

At  the  Rescue  mine,  near  Tonopah,  the 
pump  was  started  last  week,  the  shaft  un- 
watered,  and  sinking  has  resumed. 

The  McNamara  mine  at  Tonopah  closed 
down  last  week,  having  reached  a  depth 
of  500  feet.  Superintendent  A.  P.  Can- 
cers says  it  is  expected  the  closedown  will 
be  of  short  duration. 

STOREY  COUNTY. 

The  fluming  of  the  tailings  near  the 
Ward  tunnel  through  the  boxes  to  the 
Butters'  cyanide  plant,  near  Virginia  City, 
has  begun.  Little  trouble  has  been  ex- 
perienced in  carrying  the  tailings  a  dis- 
tance of  3  miles  with  the  flow  of  water 
available.  The  new  tanks  being  put  in  at 
the  plant  are  about  completed. 

All  the  Comstock  mining  properties  at 
Gold  Hill  and  the  middle  mines,  as  far 
north  as  the  Savage,  inclusive,  have  en- 
tered into  an  agreement  to  put  the  Fore- 
man shaft,  which  was  damaged  by  fire 
last  spring,  In  repair  from  its  collar  down 
to  the  level  of  the  south  lateral  branch 
of  the  Sutro  tunnel.  The  Foreman  shaft 
being  a  downcast,  the  ventilation  of  all 
these  mines  will  be  greatly  Improved,  says 
the  Territorial  Enterprise. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  presidents  of  the 
following  mining  companies  operating  on 
the  Comstock,  held  in  San  Francisco  last 
week,  the  Ward  Shaft  Association  was 
organized :  Gould  &  Curry,  Savage, 
Chollar,  Potosi,  Bullion,  Exchequer, 
Alpha  Con.  and  Julia  Con.  C.  Hirsch- 
feld  1b  president,  J.  W.  Twigga  secretary 
and  L.  M.  Hall  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
superintendent.  The  object  of  this  asso- 
ciation is  to  put  the  Ward  shaft  In  repair 
and  resume  prospecting  work  in  the  lower 
levels  of  the  mines  mentioned.  This  will 
Involve  lowering  the  water  in  that  part 
of  the  Comstock.  It  is  expected  opera- 
tions will  begin  September  1st.  The  Julia 
Con.  and  Bullion  companies  own  the 
Ward  shaft,  but  they  have  agreed  to 
grant  a  perpetual  right  to  work  through 
the  shaft  to  the  other  companies. 
WASHOE  COUNTY. 

There  are  125  men  on  the  payrolls  of 
the  mining  companies  In  OUnghouse  can- 
yon, near  Wadsworth. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

The  White  Pine  C.  Co.  has  bonded  the 
Last  Hope  and  Columbia  copper  mines, 
which  join  the  Ruth  group  on  the  north, 
near  Ely,  for  $9000.  M.  L.  Requa  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  is  manager  of  the  White 
PineC.  Co. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

COLFAX  COUNTY. 

The  50-ton  cyanide  plant  of  the  Thelma 
M.  Co.,  near  Baldy,  is  being  overhauled 
preparatory  to  resuming. 

GRANT    COUNTY. 

T.  N.  Stebblns,  having  bought  the 
Casino  mine  9  miles  southweBt  of  Silver 
City,  Is  doing  development  work.  Grad- 
ing for  the  mill  Is  In  progress,  and  It  is 
thought  the  cyanide  process  will  be  also 
added. 

LUNA    COUNTY. 

J.   Allard  and   D.    Michael  of   Deming 
have    secured    the    McComus    group    of 
claims  In  the  Florida  mountains  on  which 
they  intend  to  start  development  work. 
SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Work  is  being  resumed  on  the  Ready 
Pay  mill  at  Hillsboro.  Operations  had 
been  delayed  by  non-arrival  of  machinery. 
The  pumping  plant  is  working. 

D.  S .  Miller  of  Lake  valley  and  L.  Sly 
have  bonded  their  partners'  interests  in 
the  Log  Cabin  mine  at  Tierra  Blanca, 
says  the  New  Mexican. 

SOCORRO    COUNTY. 

M.  Thomas  reports  having  men  at  work 
opening  up  a  copper  prospect  near  San 
Acacia,  7  miles  from  the  railroad  and  the 
Rio  Grande  river.  The  property  Is  the 
Jerome  group  in  San  Lorenzo  mining  dis- 
trict, in  Magdalena  mountains.  A  shaft 
has  been  Bunk  to  depth  of  60  feet  and  a 
drift  run  out  40  feet,  showing  a  6-foot  vein 
of  copper  ore,  assaying  20%  copper  and  $5 
in  gold  per  ton.  The  vein  is  said  to  be 
between  walls  of  porphyry  and  limestone.  I 


TAOS  COUNTY. 
At  Anchor,  near  the  Red  river,  the 
Cashier  M.  &  M.  Co.  Is  making  arrange- 
ments to  develop  a  group  of  four  claims, 
and  one  lead  Is  said  to  be  90  feet  wide. 
Over  450  feet  of  Bhafts  and  crosscuts  are 
made.  The  company  has  started  a  tunnel 
that  will  cross  the  leads  at  depth  of  300 
feet,  and  which  will  also  drain  the  mine  of 
surface  water,  which  has  given  some 
trouble  in  the  past.  A  mill  to  treat  300 
tons  of  ore  a  day  will  be  built,  says  the 
New  Mexican. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

A  half  interest  in  the  Leonard,  Emma 
W.,  Gold  Dollar  and  Gold  King  claims,  in 
the  Greenhorn  mountains,  near  Sumpter, 
has  been  sold  to  C.  M.  Johnson  of  Geiser 
for  $2,000. 

T.  W.  Davidson,  manager  of  the  Don 
Juan  mine,  near  Sumpter,  Bays  he  has 
started  unwatering  the  mine,  and  devel- 
opment work  will  be  resumed  next  week. 
The  Don  Juan  is  owned  in  Bay  City, 
Mich. 

Superintendent  J.  E.  Reed  of  the  Au- 
burn Deep  M.  Co.,  at  Auburn,  states  the 
shaft  being  sunk  is  down  209  feet,  and  It  Is 
thought  to  be  near  bedrock. 

It  Is  locally  reported  from  the  Stices 
Gulch  placets,  near  Sumpter,  that  opals 
have  been  discovered  at  the  diggings. 

Arrangements  are  being  made  for  a  10- 
stamp  mill  on  the  Snow  Creek  mine, 
Greenhorn  district,  near  Sumpter,  says 
Manager  F.  D.  Smith.  The  mill  will  have 
a  steam  plant,  ten  stamps,  three  table 
concentrators,  and  will  be  near  the  mouth 
of  the  Zelda  tunnel. 

COLUMBIA  COUNTY. 

W.  A.  Gray,  superintendent  of  the 
Polar  Star  and  Dixie  Queen  mines,  near 
St.  Helens,  says  they  have  a  tunnel  driven 
on  the  ledge  of  the  Polar  Star  for  600  feet 
and  on  the  dump  are  2500  tons  of  ore 
which  will  average  $25  per  ton.  The 
group  consists  of  twenty-one  claims,  and 
several  ledges  show  on  the  surface.  Ore 
Is  being  blocked  out  for  the  stamp  mill 
which  it  is  proposed  to  build.  A  chlorln- 
atlon  plant  will  also  be  used.  On  the 
Dixie  Queen  men  are  driving  a  tunnel 
which  is  opening  up  a  ledge.  This  prop- 
erty is  also  owned  by  Portland  men. 
CROOK    COUNTY. 

After  two  years'  idleness  due  to  litiga- 
tion Cartwright  &  Edwards,  owners  of  the 
Oregon  King  mine,  will  resume  opera- 
tions this  fall.  The  Oregon  King  is  near 
Hay  creek.  They  propose  building  a 
20-stamp  mill,  so  that  bullion  and  concen- 
trates only  will  have  to  be  shipped  out. 
The  mine  is  down  to  depth  of  500  feet  and 
partly  filled  with  water.  A  pumping 
plant  will  be  put  in. 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

I.  D.  Davidson  of  Portland,  treasurer  of 
the  Gold  Hill  &  Bohemia  M.  Co  ,  near 
Bohemia,  says  work  will  be  started  Sep- 
tember 1  on  their  Wall  Street  group. 
Later  a  mill  will  be  erected.  The  ore  is 
copper,  gold  and  silver. 

The  Oregon  Securities  Co.  has  bought 
the  Broadway  group  of  mines,  adjoining 
the  Champion  basin,  near  Bohemia.  This 
gives  the  company  a  continuous  strip  of  3 
miles  of  ground.  L.  Y.  Keady,  C.  H. 
Thompson,  A.  W.  Goddard,  J.  B.  Glover 
and  J.  H.  McNleholas  of  Portland  are  In- 
terested. Improvements  and  Increased 
developments  are  under  way.  There  are 
forty  men  at  work  on  a  30-Btamp  mill  (the 
combining  of  the  three  10-stamp  mills 
that  have  been  on  different  parts  of  the 
property).  These  mills  have  been  idle  for 
some  time  owing  to  the  scarcity  of  water, 
but,  combined,  will  be  operated  by  elec- 
tricity, generated  by  water  power.  A 
gravity  double-track  tramway  will  convey 
the  ore  to  the  mill.  Air  drills  will  be  used 
in  development,  and  a  tunnel  1400  feet 
long  will  be  driven.  Three  saw  mills  are 
running  steadily  on  the  company's  prop- 
erty, says  the  Portland  Telegram. 

It  is  reported  M.  O.  Warner  of  Eugene 
and  J.  D.  Heard  of  Medford  are  arranging 
to  build  a  smelter  at  Bohemia,  work  to  be- 
gin next  month. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

J.  M.  Marks  of  Seattle,  Wash.,  has  a 
bond  on  the  Gold  Mining  King  group  of 
claims  and  will  build  a  mill  thereon.  He 
will  also  put  in  a  pumping  plant  and  other 
machinery. 

Two  carloads  of  hydraulic  pipe  for  the 
Simmons-Cameron  placer  of  Waldo  are 
on  the  ground,  says  Manager  J.  T.  Logan. 
The  pipe  is  in  three  sizes,  24,  20  and  18 
inches  In  diameter.  Last  season's  work 
gave  satisfactory  results  with  the  hy- 
draulic elevator  In  operation  This  year 
he  Intends  to  raise  the  gravel  to  height  of 
34  feet. 

The  Galice  Greek  H.  M.  Co.,  on  Gallce 
creek,  near  Grant's  Pass,  has  men  at 
work  digging  ditches  and  building  the 
Hume,  as  well  as  operating  the  sawmill 
and  building  a  reservoir.  The  sawmill  is 
cutting  5000  feet  of  lumber  from  fir  and 


August  29, 1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


140 


pine  timber.  This  lumber  could  not  be 
bought  on  the  outside  for  less  than  $30 
per  1000  feet,  but  the  company  operating 
Its  own  mill  cuts  It  for  $7,  says  Manager 
A.  B.  Cousin.  A  rock-filled  dam  22  feet 
high  has  been  built  at  the  head  of  the 
main  ditch.  Besides  the  flume,  which  will 
carry  the  gravel,  there  will  be  five  giants 
at  work. 

LANE  COUNTY. 

S.  R.  Jones  of  Oregon  City  reports  the 
building  of  a  40-stamp  mill  on  the  Lucky 
Boy  mine,  near  Blue  river.  A  cyanide 
plant  will  treat  the  tailings. 

MALHEUR  COUNTY. 

T.  A.  Kelly  and  J.  T.  Lennox  of  Lynn, 
Mass.,  have  leased  the  Basin,  Star  and 
Sulphuret  claims,  in  Humboldt  basin,  6 
miles  from  Malheur  City.  The  bond  calls 
for  135,000  If  a  sale  Is  made. 

MARION  COUNTY. 
A.  W.  Dawes  and  H.  H  Lempker  of 
Mill  City,  directors  of  the  Lewis  &  Clarke 
M.  &  M.  Co.,  with  headquarters  at  Silver- 
ton,  report  work  progressing  on  their 
holdings  on  a  fork  of  the  North  Santlam 
river.  The  ore  carries  gold,  silver,  cop- 
per and  lead.  The  group  consists  of  three 
claims  near  Elkhorn.  The  company  is 
preparing  to  build  a  mill,  which  it  Is  in- 
tended to  have  in  operation  next  summer. 

MULTNOMAH  COUNTY. 
It  is  reported  W.  A.  Clark  of  Butte, 
Montana,  has  decided  to  build  a  smelter 
at  Portland,  chiefly  for  smelting  the  ores 
of  his  lead  mines  in  Ca'urd'Alene  district, 
Idaho. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA, 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 
The  Crown  Mica  M.  Co.,  near  Custer,  is 
preparing   to  resume   work,    when    ship- 
ments will  be  made. The  Black  Hills 

Porcelain,  Clay  and  Marble  Co.  Is  plan- 
ning to  reopen  its  properties.  The  Inter 
States  M.  Co.  Is  working  steadily  and  the 
Grantz  Is  also. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

A.  Fllllon,  superintendent  of  the  Pluma 
G.  M.  Co.,  says  his  company  has  crosscut 
the  ledge  on  the  300-foot  level  for  a  dis- 
tance of  120  feet  and  Is  still  in  ore,  which 
averages  83.50  per  ton  in  gold. 

The  Lexington  G.  M.  Co.  is  dropping 
ten  stamps  in  the  old  Highland  Chief  mill 
of  Spruce  Gulch,  2  miles  from  Deadwood. 
The  company  has  added  an  engine  and  a 
larger  boiler.  The  assay  office  Is  being 
enlarged.  The  company  is  experimenting 
with  a  process  for  treatment  of  sand  and 
slimes  without  separating. 

Dorr  &  Wilson  have  begun  building 
their  cyanide  mill  near  Terry.  It  will  be 
on  the  slope  a  short  distance  from  the 
mine.  All  ore  will  be  moved  by  gravity. 
The  machinery  will  consist  of  a  number 
of  Chilian  mills  for  crushing  ore  in  a  solu- 
tion, the  power  to  be  supplied  from  the 
Belt  Electric  Light  &  Power  Co.  Water 
will  be  pumped  from  some  of  the  old 
workings  on  the  ground. 

The  grade  1b  finished,  foundation  work 
under  way  and  lumber  Is  on  the  ground 
at  the  site  of  Lundberg,  Dorr  &  Wilson's 
cyanide  mill  at  Terry,  says  the  Black 
Hills  Review.  The  new  plant  will  be 
ready  to  run  this  fall.  It  will  employ 
electricity  for  power  entirely  and  will 
crush  the  ore  in  Chilian  mills. 

PENNINGTON    COUNTY. 

The  cyanide  plant  built  at  Pactola  for 
extracting  values  from  fine  sands  of  placer 
gravel  Is  a  success.  The  system  is  to  save 
the  free  gold,  first,  by  amalgamating 
plates,  and  then  cyanide  the  tailings, 
which  saves  a  large  percentage  of  the 
values.  The  company  expects  to  enlarge 
the  mlll'B  capacity. 

It  Is  reported  the  Horseshoe  M.  Co. 
propose  starting  up  their  smelter  at 
Rapid  City  by  September  10th.  It  has 
two  furnaces. 

UTAH. 

GRAND  COUNTY. 

The  litigation  involving  the  Paradox- 
La  Sal  mines,  near  Basin,  is  reported  set- 
tled and  operations  will  be  resumed. 

L.  Taylor,  manager  of  the  Big  Indian 
and  Blue  Jay  mines,  near  Moab,  says  at 
Big  Indian  the  ore  bodies  are  to  be  opened 
up  as  soon  as  equipment  is  put  in,  while  at 
the  Blue  Jay  they  are  drifting  on  the 
ledge,  showing  high-grade  copper  ore. 

W.  A.  King  and  P.  Moorehouse  of  Salt 
Lake  City,  of  the  International  G.  &  M. 
Co.,  operating  in  Beaver  basin,  near  Basin, 
in  the  La  Sal  mountains,  report  their  in- 
tention to  go  ahead  with  work  in  the 
Chimney  Sweep  and  Fortune  Teller  claims, 
where  they  have  a  mineral  showing  high- 
grade  ore.  A  shaft  is  being  sunk  on  the 
Chimney  Sweep  In  a  vein  of  copper  ore, 
and  drifts  will  be  run  on  the  Fortune 
Teller. 

The  Interstate  Co.,  in  Gold  Basin,  near 
Basin,  are  getting  machinery  on  the 
ground  for  their  mill,  which  will  be  a 
chlorlnatlon  and  cyanide  plant,  says  the 
Tribune.     The  ores  will  mill  $11  per  ton 


gold.     They   expect  to   have   the  mill  In 
operation  by  Oct.  1. 

IRON    COUNTY. 

The  anthracite  deposits  at  New  Har- 
mony, 8  miles  from  Iron  mountain,  near 
Kanarraville,  are  being  opened  up  by 
Superintendent  R  A.  Klrker.  In  the 
main  tunnel  the  work  has  passed  through 
three  veins,  two  of  which  show  4  feet  of 
coal.  The  veins  dip  at  an  angle  of  70°, 
and  with  a  tunnel  can  be  opened  up  to 
depth  of  600  feet,  says  the  Tribune. 
JUAB  COUNTY. 
The  main  shaft  on  the  Centennlal-Eureka 
mine,  at  Eureka,  is  down  1800  feet  below 
its  collar,  and  at  that  point  another  level 
will  be  established,  says  Manager  C.  E. 
Allen.  Meanwhile  200  tons  of  ore  Is  com- 
ing dally  from  the  mine  to  the  furnaces  of 
the  United  States  smelter.  The  1800-foot 
level  is  2500  feet  below  the  apex  of  the 
zone,  which  rises  700  feet  above  the  collar 
of  the  shaft,  says  the  Tribune. 

The  Carlsa  ore  shoot  Is  reported  opened 
in  the  Victor  mine,  near  Eureka,  this  time 
on  the  500  foot  level,  600  feet  south  of  the 
raise  that  was  made  to  the  surface.  A 
drift  which  was  being  extended  to  connect 
with  a  winze  from  the  400  foot  level  struck 
ore,  which  shows  10%  copper,  containing 
twelve  ounces  of  silver  per  ton. 
PIUTE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — A  gold  strike 
has  been  made  In  the  Gold  Vein  M.  Co. 'a 
property  in  Horse  Heaven  district,  10 
miles  from  Marysvale.  The  vein  is  9  feet 
In  width,  with  a  pay  streak  of  5  feet. 
The  property  is  owned  by  Salt  Lake  and 
Eastern  men  and  Is  under  the  manage- 
ment of  G.  F.  Dalton.  The  company  is 
putting  In  extensive  improvements  and 
has  a  large  force  of  men  at  work. 

MaryBvale,  Aug.  22. 

A  strike  of  gold  bearing  quartz  Is  re- 
ported made  In  Horse  Heaven  district,  10 
miles  Bouthwest  from  Marysvale,  by  the 
Gold  Vein  M.  Co.  The  ledge  is  9  feet  in 
width,  and  the  pay  streak  5  feet.  The 
quartz  shows  free  gold.  G.  F.  Dalton  of 
Salt  Lake  City  is  manager. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

After  two  years'  suspension  of  ship- 
ments the  Silver  Shield  mine,  near  Bing- 
ham, 1b  again  sending  out  ore,  the  tunnel 
having  reached  the  junction  of  the  cross 
fissure  and  main  veins. 

D.  H.  Peery  &  Co.  of  Salt  Lake  City 
and  H.  Joseph  have  filed  with  the  State 
Engineer  an  application  which  shall  entitle 
them  to  use  of  the  waters  of  Little  Cot- 
tonwood creek  above  and  east  of  Alta;  the 
waters  issuing  from  the  Bryan  tunnel;  the 
waters  of  Peruvian  gulch  and  those  of 
White  Pine  creek,  the  latter  all  tributary 
to  Cottonwood  creek,  the  same  to  be  used 
in  the  generation  of  power  and  light  for 
mining  and  milling  purposes.  This  will 
afford  energy  equivalent  to  1000  H.  P., 
says  Joseph. 

The  Collins  group  at  Alta  has  been  sold 
to  J.  A.  Kirby,  A.  Colbath  and  L.  A.  Jeffs. 
The  group  includes  four  claims  and  three 
fractions,  lying  west  and  north  of  the  Al- 
bion Co.'s  ground. 

The  Falco  group  of  mines,  at  Bingham, 
of  the  Cluster  M.  Co.,  has  been  sold  to  W. 
M.  Perry  and  W.  H.  Walker  of  Salt  Lake 
City,  and  with  C.  A.  Falco  as  manager 
will  be  extensively  developed.  The  group 
Is  between  the  Old  Telegraph  and  Dalton 
&  Lark  mines. 

Work  on  enlargements  at  the  Highland 
Boy  smelter,  at  Bingham,  was  started 
this  week,  says  Manager  R.  H.  Channing. 
The  enlarging  will  begin  on  the  main 
stack,  which  will  be  elevated  50  feet  or  to 
a  total  height  of  250  feet.  Two  furnaces 
will  be  added. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

The  Daly-Judge  mine,  at  Park  City,  is 
sending  out  between  300  and  400  tons  of 
concentrates  to  the  smelters  weekly. 

Operations  have  been  resumed  at  the 
Corona  mine  of  the  Donovan  group,  near 
Park  City,  and  sinking  is  under  way. 
J.  Hasson  Ib  superintendent. 

Superint»ndent  B.  E.  Hartwell  of  the 
East  Ontario  M.  Co.,  near  Park  City,  re- 
ports operations  again  under  way.  A 
blower  is  being  set  up  in  the  tunnel. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 

The  Honorine  tunnel  at  Stockton  is  be- 
ing advanced  at  the  rate  of  10  feet  per 
day  and  has  been  completed  to  length  of 
4280  feet,  says  Superintendent  Raddatz. 

J.  B.  McGee,  superintendent  of  the  Sac- 
ramento M.  Co.'s  retorts  at  Mercur,  says 
from  2400  pounds  of  rock  that  was  reduced 
on  the  17th  Inst,  he  obtained  233  pounds 
of  quicksilver  and  1400  pounds  of  gold- 
bearing  slag,  which  latter  is  to  be  treated 
in  the  leaching  tanks.  With  present 
equipment  he  says  the  product  of  the  re- 
torts should  average  233  pounds  daily. 

The  Merrill  M.  Co.  has  been  incorpo- 
rated at  Salt  Lake  City  to  operate  near 
Dugway,  in  Deep  Creek  district.  It  has  a 
group  of  six  locations,  on  which  400  feet  of 
work  has  been  done,  the  oreB  showing 
values  In  silver  and  gold,  occurring  on  the 


contact  between  the  limestone  and  quartz- 
Ite.  They  adjoin  the  Carrlck  group.  H. 
H.  Green,  M.  Merrill,  J.  G.  Jacobs,  D. 
McVlchleand  E.  W.  Gillette  are  direct- 
ors     Work  Is  under  way. 

The  breaking  of  ground  for  the  Hon- 
orine concentrator,  near  Stockton,  has 
begun,  Bays  Superintendent  E.  J.  Rad- 
datz. The  tunnel  through  which  the 
ores  are  to  be  delivered  to  the  concen- 
trator at  Buhl,  a  few  miles  out  of  Stock- 
ton, has  been  driven  4300  feet. 

UTAH   COUNTY. 

C.  Barrett  of  Salt  Lake  City,  manager 
of  the  Parafline  mine,  at  Mill  Fork,  In 
Spanish  Fork  canyon,  says  a  6-inch  body 
of  wax  (elaterlte)  had  been  struck.  Work 
was  temporarily  suepended  because  of  the 
presence  of  quantities  of  gas,  which  Is  not 
a  detrimental  feature,  but  must  be  con- 
trolled, says  Barrett. 

M.  J.  Stewart  of  Salt  Lake  City  has 
bought  for  $1000  the  Erma-Fitz-Lone 
Pine  group  of  claims  in  Silver  Lake  mining 
district. 

WASHINGTON. 

PERRY    COUNTY. 

Work  will  be  resumed  this  week  on  the 
Apollo  mine,  near  Republic,  says  Manager 
E   H.  Delbrldge. 

Superintendent  N.  Cochran  of  the 
Mountain  Lion  Mine,  near  Republic,  says 
operations  have  resumed.  He  will  at  first 
ship  100  tons  of  ore  per  day  to  the  smelter. 

The  Mountain  Lion  M.  Co.,  operating 
at  Republic,  has  been  reorganized,  with 
A.  E.  Palmer  of  Spokane  and  J.  M.  Gear- 
in,  J.  A.  Cranston  and  G.  Mallory  of  Port- 
land, Or.,  as  officers.  President  Palmer 
says  preparations  are  being  made  to  In- 
crease ore  shipments  to  300  tons  daily.  N. 
Cochran  is  superintendent.  Republic 
camp  has  been  shipping  700  tons  of  ore  a 
week.  With  the  Mountain  Lion's  increase 
its  output  will  go  up  to  2500  tons  a  week. 

Development  work  is  expected  to  be 
under  way  next  week   on  the  Knob   Hill 

and  Little  Cove  mines,  near  Republic 

The  North  San  Poil  mine  is  taking  out 
good  ore  from  the  south  drift  on  the  125- 
foot  level. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

C.  P.  Coey  of  Rockford  says  he  will 
start  work  at  the  Ore  Or  No  Go  group  at 
Wauconda. 

STEVENS  COUNTY. 
J.  Borgan,  C.  Miller,  et  al,  have  started 
work  on  the  Last  Chance  tunnel,  near 
Northport,  which  is  In  300  feet.  They 
will  run  100  feet  farther,  when  shipping  of 
ore  will  be  resumed. 

WHATCOM  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Superin- 
tendent L.  Frlede  of  the  Post-Lambert 
mine,  in  Mount  Baker  district,  north  of 
Baker,  Skagit  county,  reports  shipping 
their  first  clean-up  of  gold,  amounting  to 
$27,000,  the  result  of  twenty-five  days' 
run  of  the  10-stamp  mill.  The  mill 
handles  thirty-five  tons  of  rock  dally. 
The  mill  Is  of  1000-pound  stamps,  with 
concentrators  below  plates.  A  4000-foot 
aerial  tram  connects  mill  with  mine  and 
storage  bins  for  handling  an  ore  reserve. 
The  vein  Is  of  quartz  from  4  to  5  feet  in 
width,  with  general  strike  to  the  west  of 
north,  and  dip  of  40°  to  45°  west  and  Into 
the  mountain.  The  ore  is  said  to  carry 
tellurldeB  and  free  gold  throughout  the 
gangue,  though  generally  contained  In  a 
pay  streak.  The  mine  has  been  developed 
by  2000  feet  of  work,  consisting  of  tun- 
nels, drifts  and  raises,  most  all  of  which 
have  been  done  in  ore.  Some  stoping  has 
been  done  to  supply  an  ore  reserve  for 
mill. 

Tacoma,  Aug  26. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  J.  Montague  of  the 
Goldwater's  Wolverine  mine,  near  Grand 
Encampment,  reports  opening  up  a  sul- 
phide shoot  for  a  distance  of  15  feet  In  a 
drift  to  the  east  from  the  shaft.  The  drift 
Is  being  run  from  depth  of  65  feet.  If  the 
shoot  Is  of  sufficient  size  the  plant  of  ma- 
chinery, which  Is  in  the  upper  shaft  house, 
will  be  brought  down  and  set  on  the  new 
shaft. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

RHODESIA. 
The  Beatrice,  at  Bulawayo,  Aug.  5,  re- 
port July  cyanide  return:  1100  tons 
treated,  yielding  247  ounces  gold. Gee- 
long  Gold,  Ltd.,  July  output  was:  Forty 
stamps  (26  days)  crushed   3698  tons,   for 

1619  ounces The  Rezende  Co.   report, 

Aug.  7:  Twenty  stamps,  running  29  days, 
crushed  3000  tons,  yielding,  from  mill,  751 
ounces,  from  tailings  by  cyanide,  158 
ounces;  total,  9!9  ounces  fine  gold;  also, 
8  tons  concentrates,  containing  28  ounces. 

The    Transvaal    G.    M.    Estates    for 

month  of  July  are  reported  at:  Mill 
crushed  5317  tons,  yielding  1982  ounces; 
cyanide  works  treated   3470   tons  for  1322 


ounces;  allmes  works  treated  1800  tons  for 
370  ounces. 

TRANSVAAL. 

The  Cassel   Coal  Co.  July  output   was 

12,434   tone The   Durban-Roodepoort 

G.  Co ,  at  Johannesburg,  report  for 
month  of  July:  Quartz  milled,  5890  tons 
(40  and  45  stamps,  four  and  sixteen  days). 
for  2943  ounces;  tailings  treated,  4840 
tons,  (50  stamps,  eight  days),  for  959 
ounces;  total,  3902  ounces.  The  shortage 
In  the  stamping  power  during  the  month 
was  due  to  a  large  number  of  time  expired 
natives  having  left,  the  new  ones  being  un- 
used to  the  work. The  Lancaster  Gold 

Co.  July  result  was:  Fifty- five  stamps, 
running  twenty-nine  days,  crushed  8300 
tons,  yielding  1990  ounces  fine  gold;  at 
cyanide  works  6379  tons  were  treated  for 
1030  ounces  fine  gold. The  New  Prim- 
rose Gold  July  production  was  6731  ounces 
from  120  stamps  dropping  twenty-nine 
days The  Transvaal  &  Delagoa  In- 
vestment Co.  colliery  output  for  July  was 
38,500  tons. 

WEST  AFRICA. 

The  Ashanti  Goldfields  Co.,  Aug.  3,  re- 
port: July  crushings  from  Obuassl  mine, 
1710  tons  of  ore  for  4000  ounces  gold.     Da- 

velopment    cable   not    received. The 

Ashanti  Sansu  mines  July  crushing  was 
1680  tons,  producing  1630  ounces  gold. 

AUSTRALIA. 

NEW   SOUTH   WALES. 

The  Lloyd  Copper  Co.  production  for 
July  was  197  tons  copper.  They  report 
the  water  supply  now  assured  for  more 
than  twelve  months  ahead. 

The  Malacca  Diamond  Co.  at  Copeton, 
August  6th  reports  102  loads  washed,  pro- 
ducing 132  carats  diamonds  and  2932 
pounds  of  tin. 

QUEENSLAND. 

At  the  Day  Dawn  Block  &  Wyndham 
G.  M.  Co.  at  Charters  Towers,  for  four 
weeks  ended  August  1  the  battery  crushed 
2930  tons  for  yield  of  1274  ounces  of  gold, 
valued  at  £4500.  At  the  company's  works 
at  Burdekin  river  and  Old  Wyndham 
mills  3780  tons  of  tailings  were  treated  for 
bullion  valued  at  £3000. 

SOUTH  AUSTRALIA. 
The  Northern  Territories  M.  &  S.  Co. 
report  August  6th  at  the  Mount  Ellison 
mine.  Total  depth  of  shaft  120  feet.  At 
the  smelting  works  excavations  for  build- 
ings, furnaces,  Sues  and  stacks  are  com- 
pleted and  water  jacket  smelting  founda- 
tions finished,  with  iron  work  going  up. 
Reverberatory  furnaces  and  brick  work 
are  under  way. 

BRAZIL. 

The  St.  John  Del  Rey  mines  report 
gold  production  during  the  month  of  July 
at  £24,200,  the  yield  per  ton  being  0.59 
ounce  troy. 

BRITISH    COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 
The  number  of  men  at  the  Athlestan 
mine,  a  mile  from  the  Winnipeg  mine,  in 
Wellington  camp,  has  been  increased,  and 
it  is  expected  shipments  of  ore  to  the 
Sunset  smelter  will  be  larger  in  the 
future,  says  Superintendent  Oxley.  The 
ore  must  be  hauled  in  wagons  to  the  Win- 
nipeg spur  of  the  C.  P.  R. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

,  The  mines  at  the  three  collieries  of  the 
Crow's  Nest  Coal  Co.  for  the  month  end- 
ing Aug.  1st  show  a  steady  increase  over 
all  previous  months,  says  the  Rossland 
Miner.  It  is  estimated  that  had  there 
been  no  break  the  total  output  would 
have  been  30,000  tons  greater.  The  fig- 
ures for  the  camps  are  as  follows: 

Tonp. 

Coal  Creek 24. 793 

Michel 28  569 

Morrlssey 18.10J 

Total 71,462 

The  total  for  June  was  71,253  tons. 
The    coke   shipments    for    the    month 
were: 

Tons 

Fernie "8.696 

Michel 7,639 

Total 16,335 

This  also  is  on  the  increase.  Work  is 
going  ahead  at  Coal  Creek  in  No.  4  and 
No.  5.  Coal  has  been  Btruck  in  No,  4  at 
50  feet  and  in  No.  5  at  a  short  distance. 
The  seam  in  No.  4  is  20  feet  thick  and  No. 
5  Is  8  feet  thick. 

The  Gold  River  M.  &  Power  Co.  has 
been  formed  in  South  Dakota  to  operate 
near  Fort  Steele.  Manager  D.  S.  Guinter 
says  work  will  start  this  week  on  the  Bull 
river  water  power;  a  surveying  party  will 
run  lines  for  a  ditch  or  flume  and  pre- 
paratory work  will  begin  on  several  placer 
claims  which  have  been  leased  from  the 
government. 

NELSON  DISTRICT. 

P.  White,  superintendent  of  the  Wilcox 


141 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


-August  29,1903. 


mine,  7  miles  from  Ymir,  say  he  Is  arrang- 
ing to  add  a  10-stamp  mill  to  their  equip- 
ment. At  present  there  is  a  2-stamp  mill 
In  operation.  The  tunnel  is  now  in  on  from 
8  to  9  feet  of  profitable  milling  ore,  and 
the  property  is  in  the  best  shape  it  has 
ever  been  for  turning  out  a  large  tonnage. 
ROSSLAND  DISTRICT. 

A.  MaeLean  of  London,  Eng  ,  a  director 
of  the  company,  says  there  is  no  intention 
of  closing  down  the  Velvet  mine,  near 
Bossland,  permanently  as  reported.  It 
will  resume  when  Superintendent  Gray 
returns  from  England,  about  Oct.  15. 

Underground  work  is  under  way  at  the 
Nickel  Plate  mine  near  Rossland.  The 
difficulty  between  this  mine  and  the  Cen- 
ter Star,  through  the  excessive  seepage 
into  the  Center  Star  workings,  is  to  be 
obviated  by  the  construction  of  brick 
bulkheads  at  the  western  terminals  of 
Nickel  Plate  drifts  on  the  400  foot  and 
600-foot  levels. 

SLOCAN  DISTRICT. 

Manager  Garde,  of  the  Payne  mine  at 
Sandon,  says  he  has  started  building  a 
flume  from  No.  8  tunnel  on  the  McGuigan 
side  of  the  mountain  to  tap  the  stream 
and  Becure  a  sufficient  supply  of  water  for 
mill  power.  The  leDgth  of  the  flume  will 
be  6200  feet  and  assures  water  for  all  pur- 
poses the  year  round. — — There  are  fifty 
men  in  the  Payne  mine  and  twenty-seven 
in  the  mill.  The  operation  of  the  zinc 
plant  will  be  delayed  several  weeks,  owing 
to  the  damage  done  the  magnetic  sepa- 
rator by  the  floods  in  Missouri  while  it 
was  en  route. 

The  Spokane  company  owning  the  Big 
Bob  group,  near  Slocan  City,  will  start 
work  this  week,  after  a  period  of  inactiv- 
ity. Development  work  is  said  to  show 
two  ledges,  one  of  gold  and  copper  ore 
and  the  other  of  silver  and  lead.  Work 
has  started  on  the  Legal  Tender  mine  in 
the  same  district. 

VANCOUVER  ISLAND. 

A  number  of  prospectors  operating  on 
the  west  coast  of  Vancouver  island  have 
gone  to  Ingersol  river,  which  flows  into 
Quatsino  sound  from  the  south,  says  the 
News-Advertiser.  A  lead  of  magnetic 
iron  oxide  carrying  gold  values  has  been 
found. 

The  Western  Federation  of  Miners, 
with  headquarters  at  Denver,  Colo.,  haB 
lost  the  strike  of  the  coal  minors  at  Cum- 
berland against  James  Dunsmuir.  De- 
spite the  high  prices  for  coal  he  has 
preferred  to  let  the  mines  He  idle  nearly 
six  months  rather  than  recognize  the 
Federation.  W.  Moore  of  the  Federation 
is  said  to  have  reached  Nanaimo  last  week 
from  Denver  with  relief  funds  for  distribu- 
tion if  the  miners  should  not  agree  to 
Dunsmuir's  final  proposition.  The  miners 
have  voted  to  accept  Dunsmuir's  terms, 
and  have  agreed  to  return  to  work  on 
two-year  individual  contracts.  Duns- 
muir says  he  will  increase  the  output  of 
the  Cumberland  mines  from  800  to  1500 
tons  dally.  He  will  withdraw  his  colliers 
Wellington,  Tellus  and  Hera  from  the 
San  Francisco-Australian  route  and  in- 
stead will  ship  coal  by  them  from  Na- 
naimo to  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  is  also 
preparing  plans  for  a  car  ferry  capable  of 
carrying  twenty-eight  carloads  of  coal 
and  coke  from  Comox  to  Ladysmith  and 
the  Crofton  smelters  to  the  mainland. 
WEST   KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

At  the  Oyster-Criterion  mill  in  Lardeau 
section,  near  Ferguson,  the  rock  crushers 
and  mortars  are  in  place  The  compressor 
and  power  house  are  being  roofed  in  and 
cables  for  the  tramway  are  being  strung 
from  the  upper  terminal  to  the  mill. 

G.  Stead,  who  owns  the  Lucky  Jack, 
Horseshoe  and  other  claims  near  Trout 
Lake,  has  bought  the  Alice  mine  in  same 
section. 

CHILE. 

The  Copiapo  mines  at  Cop'apo,  in  Ata- 
cama  province,  report  the  July  produc- 
tion at  1000  tons  of  copper  ore,  averaging 
16%. 

The  Santa  Rosa  Co,  near  Iquique, 
gives  the  production  for  July  from  the 
properties  of  the  company  at  $11,500,  and 
from  leased  properties  $3500. 

KLONDIKE. 

The  Ladue  quartz  mill,  near  Dawson,  is 
being  dismantled  and  the  machinery  re- 
moved. A  number  of  quartz  ledges  were 
found  on  El  Dorado  and  other  creeks,  car- 
rying some  free  gold.  Two  quartz  millB 
were  built  and  the  Yukon  Government 
asked  to  establish  a  mill  which  would 
grind  quartz,  either  free  or  at  minimum 
expense.  Later  developments  are  said  to 
show  that  quartz  mining  will  be  imprac- 
ticable unless  conducted  on  a  large  scale 
with  cheap  labor.  Manager  Bottsford,  of 
the  Ladue  M.  Co.,  says  the  mill  is  being 
taken  down  because  the  Dominion  Gov- 
ernment charges  $5  per  foot  frontage  for 
the  land  the  mill  occupies,  besides  heavy 
taxes.  The  Government  declined  the 
offer  to  buy  the  mill  outright. 


PERSONAL. 


MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

Superintendent  F.  A.  Shneider  says  he 
is  getting  the  Creel  smelter  at  Terrazas 
camp  in  shape  for  starting  up  next  week. 
Nine  cars  of  coke  have  arrived  and  ore  is 
being  taken  out. 

E.  L.  Horner  of  Leadville,  Colo  ,  man- 
ager, says  a  company  has  been  organized 
with  Kansas  men  to  take  over  the  Santo 
Domingo  placer  mines  on  the  Concho 
river,  which  he  has  under  bond  for  $250,- 
000  gold.  Operations  are  suspended  pend- 
ing this  deal.  It  is  intended  to  put  in 
machinery  and  have  the  mines  in  full 
operation  by  Jan.  1. 

DURANQO. 

At  El  Cobre  mine,  near  La  Trinidad, 
owned  in  part  by  Cushing  &  Walcup, 
they  are  building  a  matte  smelter  of  fifty 
tons  capacity,  which  is  expected  to  be  in 
operation  next  month.  E.  Bruckhold  is 
manager  and  has  300  men  employed. 

SONORA. 

The  Graphic  mine,  owned  by  Captain 
Fitch,  near  Magdalena,  is  yielding  zinc 
ore,  2000  tons  having  been  recently  shipped 
at  a  profit  to  Mineral  Point,  Wis.,  says 
Fitch.  This  ore  is  said  to  carry  the  min- 
eral marionite,  previously  known  only  at 
Marion,  Ark. 

The  mill  of  the  Promontorio  M.  Co.  at 
Promontorio,  in  Magdalena  district,  has 
bsen  overhauled  and  operations  resumed 
last  week. 

H  H.  Cohen,  of  London,  England,  is 
examining  mines  in  Chihuahua,  Mexico. 

L.  S.  Noble  is  in  Guanajuato,  Mex., 
from  Colorado  Springs,  Colo  ,  examining 
mines. 

W.  H.  KELLS  is  manager  of  the  Knob 
Hill  and  Little  Cove  mines,  near  Republic, 
Wash. 

Daniel  Best,  of  the  Best  Mfg.  Co.,  of 
San  Leandro,  Cal.,  has  returned  from  a 
business  trip. 

A  D.  Gassaway,  of  North  Bloomfield, 
Cal.,  has  returned  from  a  business  visit  to 
San  Francisco. 

A.  B  Chittenden  is  now  assayer  for 
the  50-stamp  mill  of  the  Bayard  M.  &  M. 
Co.,  Barstow,  Cal. 

J.  W.  Phillips,  managing  a  mill  and 
cyanide  plant  at  Silver  City,  Nov.,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  S.  Peters,  secretary  of  the  Best 
Mfg.  Co.,  has  returned  from  Monterey  to 
San  Leandro,  Cal. 

F.  L.  BaRTLETT  has  returned  to  Den- 
ver, Colo  ,  from  a  trip  to  the  Lake  Su- 
perior district,  Mich. 

N.  Cochran  of  Rossland,  B.  C,  is  su- 
perintendent of  the  Mountain  Lion  mine, 
near  Republic,  Wash. 

F.  BURNS  is  in  charge  of  the  240  and 
300  stamp  mills  at  the  Tread  well  mines  on 
Douglas  Island,  Alaska. 

J.  J.  McSORLEY  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  from  San  Andreas,  Calaveras  county, 
Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

J.  A.  KlRBY,  general  superintendent  of 
Dily-West  mines  of  Park  City,  Utah,  is 
visiting  at  Seattle,  Wash. 

W.  Gray,  superintendent  of  the  Velvet 
mine,  near  Rossland,  B  C  ,  has  gone  to 
London,  Eng.,  on  business. 

W.  G.  Dodd,  president  of  the  Union 
Iron  Works,  has  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal ,  from  New  York. 

R.  T.  Pierce,  superintendent  of  the 
Crystal  Lake  G.  M.  Co.,  at  Lundy,  Mono 
county,  Cal ,  has  gone  East. 

R.  C.  Facer  is  manager  of  the  Golden 
Opportunity  M.  &  M.  Co,  near  Silver 
City,  Owyhee  caunty,  Idaho. 

Manager  G.  L.  Moats  of  the  Four 
Metals  M.  Co.  is  in  Omaha,  Neb  ,  on  busi- 
ness, from  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Wesley  Merritt,  industrial  commis- 
sioner of  the  Santa  Fe  Railway,  has  re- 
turned from  New  Mexico  to  Chicago. 

F.  Lyman  of  New  York  City  succeeds 
the  late  T.  D.  Rind  as  treasurer  of  the 
American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers. 

F.  P.  Sherwood,  of  the  Con.  Gold  Fields 
M.  10,  of  London,  Eng.,  operating  on 
the  West  Coast,  Africa,  is  in  Spokane, 
Wash. 

H.  W.  NELSON  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  Alpine  mine  near  Sumpter, 
Or.,  on  account  of  ill  health  and  will  go  to 
California. 

Manager  R.  H.  Channing  of  the 
Highland  Boy  smelter,  at  Bingham,  Utah, 


returned  to  Salt  Lake  City,   Utah,   last 
week  from  Montana. 

T.  H.  Leggett  has  resigned  as  con- 
sulting engineer  for  Neumann  &  Co.,  of 
the  Con.  Main  Reef  gold  mines  at  Johan- 
nesburg, South  Africa. 

I.  Sutherland  of  Brunswick,  Me  , 
secretary  of  the  Big  Creek  G.  M.  Co.,  has 
returned  from  a  visit  to  the  mines  near 
Groveland,  Tuolumne  county,  Cal. 

J.  O.  Bone  of  Tacoma,  Wash.,  is  at 
Nicola,  B  O,  examining  the  Western  Coal 
&  Iron  Co.'s  property,  45  miles  east  of 
Spence's  Bridge,  a  point  on  the  C.  P.  Rail- 
road. 

W.  E.  THORNE  has  gone  to  George- 
town, Cal.,  to  inspect  mining  property 
there  and  gather  ore  specimens  for  the 
California  exhibit  at  the  St.  Louis  Expo- 
sition. 

C.  L.  Dignowitz  Is  In  Colorado  from 
Utah,  and  after  an  examination  of  his 
properties  in  Boulder  county  will  go  to 
Deadwood,  S.  D.,  to  attend  the  Mining 
Congress. 

President  Shuler  and  Treas- 
urer Brown,  of  the  Chancellor  G.  M. 
Co.,  have  returned  to  Illinois  from  an  ex- 
amination of  their  Pacific  Coast  mining 
properties. 

Wm.  Magenau,  until  recently  located 
in  Guanajuato  and  Mexico  City,  Is  exam- 
ining mines  in  the  State  of  Oixaei,  Mex- 
ico, and  expects  to  return  to  the  United 
States  shortly. 

J.  Dunraven  YOUNG,  director  of  the 
Chicago  School  of  Assaying,  who  has 
been  examining  and  reporting  on  mining 
properties  in  the  State  of  Washington, 
has  returned  to  Chicago,  111. 

E  R.  Morfett  of  the  Standard  Gas 
Engine  Co  ,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  is  in  Eu- 
reka, Humboldt  county,  Cal ,  installing 
two  engines  (12  H.  P.  and  30  H.  P  )  for  the 
Vance  Redwood  Lumber  Co. 

L  L.  TOVEY,  Professor  of  Mining  in 
the  University  of  Tomsk,  Siberia,  who 
has  been  inspecting  mining  and  milling 
methods  in  Colorado,  is  now  In  South 
Dakota  on  his  way  to  New  York. 

Governor  Pardee  has  appointed  a, 
California's  delegates  to  the  American 
Mining  Congress,  at  Deadwood,  S.  D., 
T.  Ewing,  D.  Murphy,  F.  W.  Braun,  H. 
S.  James  and  W.  J.  Trask  of  Los  Angeles; 
F.  Rexinger,  W.  C.  Ralston,  C.  W.  Mer- 
rill and  E.  H.  Benjamin  of  San  Francisco, 
and  C.  M.  Belshaw  of  Contra  Costa.  The 
California  State  Miners'  Association  and 
the  San  Francisco  Chamb9r  of  Commerce 
have  also  named  the  same  parties  as 
their  representatives. 


Obituary. 


»******'*' -t»  ******  i*  *  <fc  ***** -|>  •*>  *t>  * 

*  * 

************  f'*******'p<!"f>**<f'* 

E.  M.  Peck,  a  Utah  mining  man,  died 
August  22nd  at  Gosbei,  Utah.  Deceased 
was  born  In  Vermont,  July  24,  1828  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Mormon  Battalion 
and  was  present  at  the  first  discovery  of 
gold  at  Sutter's  mill,  California. 

J.  D.  Williams,  a  pioneer  mioer  of 
California,  died  at  h's  home  near  Placar- 
ville,  El  Dorado  cjuoty,  Cal ,  on  the  19,h 
inst ,  of  dropsy  and  heart  failure.  Di- 
ceased  was  a  native  of  Cornwall,  E  lglaad, 
aged  78  years,  and  is  survived  by  one  son, 
a  resident  of  Nevada,  and  a  daughter. 

Colonel  Charles  E.  Taylor,  a 
prominent  mineopera'.or  of  Denver,  Colo  , 
died  in  New  York  August  20th.  Colonel 
Taylor  was  once  president  of  the  May- 
Mazeppa  mlns  near  Gunnison,  Colo.,  and 
wasa'so  preident  of  the  Mining  Exchange 
a  number  of  years  ago  In  Denver. 

G.  W.  Cheyney  of  Tucson,  Ariz  ,  and 
for  several  years  identified  with  the 
Toughnut  M.  &  M  Co.  at  Tombstone, 
Ariz  ,  died  on  the  14th  inst ,  after  a  short 
illness.  Deceased  was  49  years  of  age  and 
his  birthplace  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1890 
he  was  a  candidate  for  delegate  to  Con- 
gress. During  the  early  '9js  he  was  op- 
erating for  Eastern  people  at  the  Old 
Glory  mine,  Oro  Blanco  district,  and  at 
same  time  was  territorial  superintendent 
of  public  instruction.  He  leaves  a  widow 
and  six  daughters. 


w  *******************.-&*****  w 

|    Catalogues  Received.     | 

Sjtf  if,  i(ii(i<|iijnlisjs<ii^.iji^.^i  ff.if.il1********** 

'•Pumping  by  Compressed  Air,"  stand- 
ard size,  6x9  in ,  from  the  Pneumatic 
Engineering  Co.,  New  York  City,  the 
subject  being  treated  under  the  heads  of 
"  Tne  Air  Lift  Pump,"  "Displacement 
Pumps,  UBing  Air  Expansively,"  "Dis- 
placement Pumps,  Using  Direct  Pressure 
of  Air  Without  Expansion." 


|  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

S********************«fii)ntiifi«f.« 

The  Oakland  Iron  Works  has  been 
succeeded  by  the  United  Iron  Works, 
which  will  continue  the  business.  Enoch 
Winsby  1b  secretary  and  treasurer,  with 
offices  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

The  Keystone  Driller  Co.  of  Beaver 
Falls,  Pa.,  have  lately  shipped  two  of 
their  placer  testing  machines  to  St.  Pe- 
tersburg, Russia.  They  this  week  ship 
two  machines,  with  a  number  of  tools,  to 
Cailao,  Pern,  a  machine  to  Johannesburg, 
South  Africa,  and  another  to  Brazil. 


New  Patents. 


Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Pbesb 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S  P.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors : 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING  AUGUST   18,  1903. 

736,345.— Railway  Signal— Ammann  &  Campbell, 
Spokane,  Wash. 

738,487— Oil  Burner— Brunner  &  Patters  n.  Hay- 
wards,  Cal. 

73S.688  —Water  Trap-P.  B.  Cha-roin,  Falrhjven, 
Wash. 

739,895. —  Plow  Jointer— W.  R.  Criffleld,  Walla 
Walla,  Wash. 

736.8J7— Fly  Trap  — E.  P.  D-ivisDn,  Marysvlle, 
Wash. 

736.513  —Pipe  Line  Valve— C.  e.  Fowler.  Seattle, 
Wash. 

736,847 —Strap  for  Eccentrics  —  W.  Harliog, 
u  nine.  Wash 

736  819— Fruit  Drier— G  W.  Beikle,  Vaicourer, 
Wash. 

736  5.U— Tank -A.  Holtgen.S  F. 

736  411.— Locating  Minerals— G  I.  Leonard. 
Pasadena,  Cal. 

736.75-2.— ELECTRIC  Railway— T.  Mahoney,  S.  F 

736  857.— Boiler  Furnaces— G.  Marlow,  Sr.,  Spo- 
kane, Wash. 

736.766 —Photo  Tray -G.  T.  M. Kinney,  Walla 
Walla.  Wash. 

736,416.— Stove    Pipe  Holder-"V.   H.   Medina, 

736.431  —  PUMP-Mlles  &  S torch,  Alameda,  Cal. 

736,531 —Saw  Set-J  Morin,  Sea'tle,  Wash. 

736,427.— Footstool— Ruth  M.  Ntdever,  Myford, 
Cal. 

736,871.— Folding  Case— J  J.  O'Brien,  San  Jose, 
Ca'. 

738,56:.— Spool  HoLDER-Carrle  B.  Slarr,  W  lbur, 
wa-h. 

736,797— Hammer— G  J  Steele.  Canby, Cal. 

736. .63.— Oil  Burner— A.  C.  Stewart,  Santa  Pau'.a, 
Cal. 

736,893.— Garment— W.  G.  Turner,  French  Camp, 
Cal. 

736,804.— Fruit  Udder—  ?.  S  Ward.  Napa,  Cal. 

736  897.— Trolley  Catcb— White  &  Duryea,  Los 
Angeles.  Cal. 

733,657.— Feed  Mechanism— White  &  Duryea,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

736.664.— Oil  Burner— T.  Williams,  S.  F. 

736,907.— Casing  spear— E  C.  Wilson,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

736,470.— Saw  Set  and  Gage— D.  Worden,  What- 
com. Wash. 

36,495.— Design— Badge— K.  Melrose,  S.  F. 


Notice  of    Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Cj.'s  Scientific  Press  TJ.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Igniting  Attachments  tor  Explosive  En 
GlNES  -No.  735,997.  Aug.  11,  1903.  J.  D.  McFar- 
land.  Jr.,  San  Francisco.  Ca1.  One-half  assigned 
to  John  Bruokmanof  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This  in- 
vention relates  to  improvements  in  electric  ignit- 
ing devices  for  gas  engines  which  employ  an 
explosive  mixture  One  of  its  objects  is  to  afford 
a  simple,  durab  e  igniter  of  positive  action  that  is 
particularly  applicable  for  use  with  engines  of 
the  oscillating  cyinder  type.  Another  object  of 
the  invention  Is  to  utilize  the  oscillatory  move- 
ment of  the  cylinder  to  effect  the  electrical  con- 
tact within  the  cylinder  necessary  to  cause  the 
explosion  which  gives  the  Impulse  to  the  piston: 
and  a  further  object  is  to  provide  a  "spanker" 
that  can  be  readily  detached  from  the  cylinder  in 
case  the  electrodes  bsc;me  faulty  in  any  respect. 
While  the  invention  Is  designed  mainly  for  oscil- 
lating engines,  it  may  be  readily  adapted  to  en- 
gines of  other  forms. 

Apparatus  for  Distributing  Powder  Upon 
Vines,  1  lants,  or  the  Like  -*-No.  735,887.  Aug. 
11, 1903.  Guiseppe  Lagomarsino,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  This  invention  relates  to  improvements  in 
devices  fur  dusting  grape  vines,  fruit  trees,  plants 
and  the  like  with  powdered  suit, hur  or  other  suit- 
able insecticide  for  the  purpoce  of  preserving 
them  from  the  ravages  of  inseots.  Its  object  is  to 
provide  a  light,  compact,  f  fflcient  apparatus  capa- 
ble of  being  easily  carried  upon  ihe  person  and 
having  convenient  hand  operated  means  for  creat- 
ing an  air  blast  whereby  ihe  insecticide  may  be 
expelled,  and  also  having  means  for  assisting  and 
for  regulating  the  discharge  thereof. 

Electric  Railway  System.— No.  736,752.  Aug. 
18,  1903.  T.  Mahoney,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This 
invention  relates  to  improvements  in  means  for 
operating  electric  railways,  and  pertains  particu- 
larly to  that  type  of  railway  in  which  the  main 
conveying  the  current  to  propel  the  car  is  con- 
nected at  intervals  with  sectional  feeders  nor- 
mally out  of  circuit  with  the  Imain  and  adapted 
to  be  energized  momentarily  and  successively  by 
the  passing  car  The  ohject  of  the  invention  is  to 
improve  upon  the  so  called  '-underground  con- 
duit"' systems  by  simplifying  construction,  afford- 
ing perfect  insulation,  and  operating  the  switch 
mechanism  whereby  the  trolley  sections  are  ener- 
gized and  de-energized  magnetically  instead  of 
mechanically. 

Oil  Burner— No.  73 ',664.  Aug.  18,  1903.  T. 
Williams.  San  Francisco,  Cal.  One-half  assigned 
to  C  R  Splivalo,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Th's  Inven- 
tion relates  to  an  apparatus  for  the  preparation 
and  combustion  of  hydrocarbon  oils,  it  consists 
in  the  combination  of  a  shell  with  oil  and  steam 
supply  nozzles,  an  anterior  mixing  chamber,  a 
second  large  chamber  wiih  a  contracted  connec- 
tion b .  tween  the  iwo,  a  final  chamber  and  a  nozzle 
discharge  thereinto  and  u  secjnd  steam  inlet 
pas-age  acting  upon  and  with  the  prcducis  re- 
ceived at  this  point  and  previous  to  their  delivery 
to  the  burner  opening  or  discharge. 


August  29,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


142 


Latest    flarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  August  28,  1903. 

METALS. 

8ILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
Z6}d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver.  5e!o,  refined  (1000  fine): 
San  Francisco,  66|o;  Mexican  dollars,  43Jo 
San  Francisco,  41  |c  New  York. 

A  report  on  the  purchases  of  silver  for 
coinage,  up  to  August  1st,  shows  that  In 
the  new  Philippine  currency  system  the 
purchases  have  amounted  to  9,711,506  96 
ounces  of  bullion,  for  which  $5,145,762  53 
has  been  paid.  The  Philippine  peso  con- 
tains three  and  one-half  more  grains  than 
our  sliver  dollar,  or  an  amount  of  bullion 
worth  slightly  less  than  42  cents  Its  cur- 
rency value  on  the  new  32  to  1  basis  will 
be  50  cents. 

The  report  of  the  Freoch  experts  ap- 
pointed to  confer  with  the  United  States 
Monetary  Exchange  Commissioners  in- 
dorses the  principle  of  a  gold  standard  for 
China  and  other  silver-using  countries, 
but  it  points  out  that  the  plan  Is  positive 
only  under  judicious  control  of  the  coin- 
age by  the  Government  and  the  creation 
of  an  adequate  gold  reserve.  It  favors  a 
coinage  ratio  for  the  Orient,  fixing  the 
face  value  of  Bllver  slightly  above  its  bul- 
lion value  similar  to  the  American  system 
in  the  Philippines.  The  French  Commis- 
sion makes  reservations  upon  the  pro- 
posed purchases  of  silver,  on  the  ground 
that  it  is  impossible  to  foresee  the  coun- 
try's need  for  subsidiary  and  colonial  coin- 
age. Semi-official  advices  from  Russia  In- 
dicate that  the  commission  appointed  by 
Finance  Minister  Wltte  has  made  a  simi- 
lar conclusion.  The  French  and  Russians 
considered  It  preferable  to  establish  a 
uniform  system  In  China  by  beginning  on 
a  Bllver  basis  and  afterward  raising  it  to  a 
fixed  gold  value,  than  to  begin  on  a  gold 
standard  Immediately. 

COPPER. —  New  York:  Standard, 
813.75;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.76@13  874; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.62J@13  75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  813.37*;  San  Fran- 
cisco: 815  00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £58  17s  fid  spot 
per  ton. 

LEAD.— New  York,  84.25;  Salt  Lake 
City,  83.50;  St.  Louis,  84.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco 81.60,  carload  lots  ;  4fc  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6},  sheet  7,  bar  6ifo;  pig,  $1.75. 
London:  £11  3s  9d  per  long  ton=2.72c 
per  lb. 

SPELTER.  —  New  York,  $6  00;  St. 
Louis,  85.00  ;  London,  £21  2s  6d  per  ton; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  fijc;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's> 
7Jc;  Hallett's,  633;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  83;  300  to  600  lbs.,  84  r,  100-lb 
lots.  lOJc. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  827.80@28  00; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  28}c;  600  lbs.,  29c; 
200  fts.,  29Jc;  less,  30e;  bar  tin,  $  ft,  30c 
@32Jc.    London,  £126  2s  6d  spot. 

Importations  of  pig  tin  into  the  United 
States  in  the  past  year  were  larger  than 
in  any  preceding  year.  The  statistics  of 
the  year's  imports  show  that  the  importa- 
tions of  tin  were  88,000,000  pounds,  valued 
at  more  than  $23,000,000.  In  1890  the  im- 
portations were  35,000,000  pounds,  valued 
at  about  87,000,000.  An  export  duty  of 
$30  per  133  pounds  has  been  levied  on  the 
exportation  of  tin  ore  from  the  British 
colonies  of  the  Malayan  peninsula.  The 
Malayan  States  produce  more  than  half 
of  the  tin  which  enters  into  the  commerce 
of  the  world,  their  total  shipments  in  1901 
being  50,000  tons,  out  of  a  total  of  89,000 
tons  entering  the  markets  of  the  world  in 
that  year. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  $  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $47  00® 
47.50;  large  lots;  London,  £8  12j;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44  50  $  flask  of  76}  fts,  ; 
Denver,  $49.60.     Export,  $13.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  36c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  31c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half -and-hali,  100-lb.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  15  50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  60@60c  $  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $18  50 
@18.75;  gray  forge,  $17.10;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  $  ft.,  3}c  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  PittBburg, 
$27  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30.00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  ft. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $18  50@19.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 18.00@18.25 

Northern  2 17.50@17.75 


Northern  3 17.00@17  50 

Southern  1 16.85® 

Southern  2 16  35® 

Southern  3 15  85® 

Forge 15  35® 

Charcoal 20.50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00@29.00 

Bars,  Iron 1.60® 

Bars,  steel 1.76®  1.80 

Ralls,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Ralls,  light 34.00®40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

Sheets,  26  store 2.90®  3  00 

No.  27 2  90®  3.00 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees..: 1.75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 14.50@15  50 

Relaying  rails 29.00330  00 

Dealers  forge 13.00@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15  00 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 14.00@U  50 

Iron  rails 19.00@20.00 

Car  wheels 1900@20.00 

Cast  borings 5  50®  6  50 

Turnings 11.00@11.50 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
size?,  $2000@22.00;  extra  sizes  higher 
redwood,  $22.00@23.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.25 
@4.60;  pickets,  $19.50;  shingles,  $2.35  for 
No.  1  and  $2.00  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $14.50  for  sawed;  rustic,  $26.00 
@32.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  83.35;  8d,  Wire,  83.50; 
Cut,  83.50;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  83.60;  Cut, 
$3  69;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3  70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3  85;  Cut,  $3  85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  perbbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerlne,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  lSJc;  less  than  one  ton,  17}c.  No.  1*, 
80%,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton 
16Jc.  No.  1**  60%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13}c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  tie;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  He.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.60  per  1000;  4x,  $6.60;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $0,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.66,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s. 
10}c$set;  14  oz.,  40b.,  9}c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
88%-99%,  jobbing,  24@25c  1ft ft.;  carloads, 
23@24}c;  In  tins,  35c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  1ft  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  2|@2|c  1ft 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  In  drums,  3@3jc$S  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.25@1.50  $  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash.  10c  In 
40- lb  tins;  borax  concentrated,  7@8cfi  ft.; 
roll  sulphur,  4@6c;  powdered  sulphur,  2@ 
3c;  flour  sulphur,  French,  2@3c;  alum, 
$2.00@2.25 ;  California  refined,  2@2Jc; 
sulphide  of  iron,  9c  1ft  ft  ;  copper  sulphate, 
5@7c;  chloride  of  lime,  spot,  $2  50@2.75; 
sulphuric  acid,  in  carboys,  66%  B,  2Jc 
1ft  ft.;  nitric  acid,  in  carboys,  8c  &  lb. 

OILS. — Linseed,  boiled,,  bbl.,  44c;  cs., 
49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  46c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  44c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20£c; 
Astral,  20Jc;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24jc; 
Eocene,  23Jc;  Elaine,  26Jc;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14 Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27jc;  63'  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  In  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  In  cs.,  22}  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  76c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  60@55c. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  per  ft  ,  6Jc;  In  25-ft.  tin 
palls,  Jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  In  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  }c  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  In  kegs,  6Jc. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9e  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,  7@9c  per  ft 
powdered,  9@12c  ;  fused,  25@30c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 


SODIUM.— Metal,  f,  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  to., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnltrate,   per  ft.,  $1.60. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  #  to.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  1ft  ft., 
76c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  1ft  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  f>  ft  ;  100  fts  ,  35c;  1000  lbs  ,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
email  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  1ft  ft.,  $3.60. 

ZINC. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  1ft  ft., 
50c  ;  dust,  1ft  ft.,  10c ;  sulphate,  1ft  ft.,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  0.  b.  Sao 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


SITUATIONS  WANTED.' 

J. 


ATHORODGBLY  COMPETENT  ASSAYER 
and  Analyst,  15  years'  experience,  with  a  po'd 
practical  knowledge  of  mining,  milling  and  smelt- 
ing, Is  open  for  engagement,  with  chance  for 
advancement.  Exce  lent  references.  Address 
"Everett"'  care  of  this  c  flics. 


MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cvanlde  plant,  assaying  and 
suiveying.    Address  '-MinlDg,"  this  office. 


MINING  ENGINEER  NOW  INCHARQECOP- 
per  proposition  desires  chance  of  location. 
Management  gold  or  copper  proposition.  State 
terms.    Addrets  Box  P5,  this  office. 


MINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
at  present  general  manager  of  a  large  mining 
concern  in  Mexico,  desires  to  chaDge  his  posi- 
tion. Would  need  four  months1  notice.  Address 
F.B.A.S.,  care  of  ihis  office. 


MINING  ENGINEER  WISHES  POSITION  AS 
superimendent-  or  assistant  superintendent 
at  metal  mine.  Has  had  eight  years1  experience 
in  civil  and  mining  engineerlrg,  and  is  surveyor, 
draughtsman  and  assayer.  Also  had  practical 
experience  In  underground  work  and  handling 
men.  Can  furnish  transit  and  two  sets  balances. 
Age  twenty-eight.  References.  Address  Box  818, 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 


MINING  ENGINEER,  GRADUATE  GERMAN 
University,  at  present  assis'ant  manager  of 
gold  mining  corporation  and  in  charge  of  large 
amalgamating,  concentrating  and  cyaniding  mill, 
desires  change.  Thorough  experience  in  treat- 
ment of  refractory  gold  ores  by  all  processes. 
Would  like  position  as  manager  or  assistant  man- 
ager of  producing  company.  Age  33;  unmarried. 
Best  references.  Address  R.  R.  18,  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press 


POSITION  BY  PRACTICAL  MINING  ENGI- 
neer;  20  years'  experience  in  U.  S.,  Al  ska  and 
Mexico.  Reference  AI.  Specialty,  commercial 
miniog.    Address  W.,  care  of  this  office. 


WANTED— A  POSITION  AS  MANAGER  OF 
quartz  mine;  20  years'  practical  experience. 
Would  take  charge  of  a  prom'sing,  undeveloped 
property,  and  could  invest  some  money  in  It. 
First-class  references.  Address  "Reno,"  care  of 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


YOUNG  GRADUATE  WITH  SOME  EXPERI- 
ence  in  Assaying,  Surveying  and  Draughting, 
wants  position  in  mine.  Salary  not  so  much  an 
object  as  advancement.   Address  H.N.,  this  office. 


C 


WANTED. 


i 


^ 


Wanted,  lFiist-Class  Amal- 
gamator for  20-Stamp  Mill. 

Wages  $4  per  day.    Board  $a.75  per  week. 
Address,  giving  references, 

CHELAN  MINING  CO  , 

BLBWETT,  WASH. 


WANTED— A  First-Class 
Assayer  and  Chemist, 

with  extended  cyanide  experience,  for  position  of 
Assayer  and  Chemist  with  large  gold  mining  com- 
pany, with  cyanide  plant.  Must  have  best  of 
references.  State  age,  experience  and  salary 
wanted.  Address  "Chemist,"  care  of  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press. 


WANTED  TO  SELL  This  Machinery,  Cheap. 

Six-Drill  Compressor;  Double  Cylinder  Hoist, 
gocd  fo-  800  feet;  Large  Double  Reel  GearedHoist, 
good  for  1500  feet;  CO  H  P.  Fire-box  Boiler.  All  in 
good  condition.   Address  "Machinery,"  this  office. 


TO  TOOL  SHARPENERS 

and  AWATECR  TOOL  8HARPENEBB!  I  will 
send  formula,  wilh  full  instructions,  by  whioh  you 
can  temper  machine  or  hand  steel  so  that  It  will 
stand  in  any  kind  of  rock  and  not  chip,  batter  or 
b^eak.  Result  of  twenty  years'  practical  experi- 
ence In  Rocky  mountains.  Price  £0  cents.  Satis- 
faction guaranteed  or  money  refunded.  C.  H. 
BENNETT,  50  Mill  St ,  Aspen,  Colo. 


ASSESSMENT    NOTICE. 

INYO  MARBLK  COMPANY  OP  OALIFORNIA.- 
Locatlon  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco. California:  location  of  workB,  Inyo.  Ic>o 
County,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  trlven,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  beld  on  the  IHtta  day  of  Au^ubi 
IMfl  an  aeBeBBUuiit  (No.  .17)  of  five  (5)  centa  per 
Bhare  was  levied  upon  the  capital  Block  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  In  United  StateBgold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  th«*  office  of  the  company 
room  60,  tifih  flour,  MUIb  Building',  Sau  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  wMsh  this  aaBesBment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  I6th  day  of  October.  190n,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion: and  unless  payment  1b  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  Of  November. 
1WR,  to  pay  the  delinquent  asBesBmeot.  together  with 
the  coats  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHARLES  B.  ANDERSON,  Seoietary. 

Office—  Room  80,  fifth  floor,  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco.  California 


FOR  SALE. 


F0UMAIN 
Blacking    Brush. 


A  New  and  Clean 'y  Means  of  Applying 
Liquid  Hlacklnp. 

Wi  h  no  pressure  on  bristles  the  small  brush  is 
kept  in  position  shown  by  dotted  lines  >',  by  tbe 
spring  X.  With  p  essure  on  bristles,  as  by  rub- 
bing, tbe  small  brush  Is  raised  to  position  shown 
in  cut,  opening  the  valve  and  allowing  the  blaok- 
ing  to  flow  onto  the  brisiles  as  Indicated  by  ar- 
rows Thumb  screw  A  securely  locks  valve,  mak- 
ing brush  absolutely  tight.  Bottle  In  which  liquid 
blacking  is  sold  can  be  made  to  fasten  on  blush  at 
line  Z  and  serve  as  a  handle 

Pat- in  U.  S  and  abroad.  For  sale  separately  or 
as  a  whole.  For  particulars,  address  E.  R  KING, 
Lafayette,  Contra  Costa  Co.,  Cal. 


13  FIRST  STREET, 


3^  SAN    FRANCISCO, 
CAL. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Eclipse  Centrifugal  Pump, 
Sand  and  Gravel  Pumps, 
Beach  Sand  Dredges,  and 
Placer  flining  Equipment. 

AGENTS  FOR 

DEMPSTER  Gasoline  and   Oil    Engines. 

Send  for  Folder. 


DON'T  BUY 

MINING    STOCKS 

UNTIL  YOU  SEE  OUR  LOW  QUOTATIONS 
on  tbe  stocks  of  a  thousand  companies.  We 
will  send  PEEE  ON  APPLICATION  our 

SPECIAL  PRICE  LIST. 

We  Pay  Cash  for  Bargains. 
CATLIN  k  POWELL  CO., 

Ho.  944,  35  Wall  St..  HEW  TORE. 


MINFRS*  staifls  ProsPectors- 

/^nr.  Finances  good 
IiKUd-  properties. 

CTAirCTA  {i  bkoadway, 

MAJVClU.  SEW  YORK. 

Michigan  College  of  Mines. 

F.  W.  McNAIR,  President. 

A  state  institution  located  in  and  mak- 
ing use  of  an  active  mining;  district.  For 
Year  Book  giving  list  of  graduates  and 
their  occupations  apply  to  President  or 
Secretary,  Houghton,  Mich. 

IT11/11H     oped  which  have  Ore  In 


sight, 
ences. 


First-class  refer- 
Establlshed  1859. 


LOANED 

llfTVrrO      ■  E.  N.  BRE1TUNG  k  CO., 
lTllllE3.  Marquette,  Mich 


90-96  WaU  St. 
NEW  YORK. 


L.  VOGELSTEIN, 

....REPRESENTING.... 
ARON  HIRSCH  &  SOHN, 
HALBERSTADT,  GERMANY. 
COPPER,  ARGENTIFEROUS  and  AURIFER- 
OUS COPPER  ORES,   MATTES  AND  BUL- 
LION, LEAD,  TIN,   ANTIMONY,  SPELTER. 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


August  29,  1903. 


FOR     SALE. 


::::  THE  :::: 


Bruce  Copper  Mines  Ltd. 

IN  LIQUIDATION. 

The  whole  of  the  property  belong- 
ing to  The  Bruce  Copper  Mines  Ltd., 
with  its  equipment,  for  sale  by  pri- 
vate tender.  Including  the  mineral 
rights  of  20  square  miles,  modern 
concentrating  mill  (400  tons  daily 
capacity),  compressor,  hoists,  etc., 
in  thorough  condition. 

Parties  desiring  to  put  in  a  tender 
should  have  their  engineers  on  the 
ground  without  delay;  tenders  will 
be  closed  the  15th  September,  1903. 

For  further  particulars,  apply  to 

LOUIS  J.  ABRAHAMS, 

Bruce  Mines,  Ont.,  Canada. 


MINING  PROPERTY  FOR  SALE. 

Consists  of  13,000  tons  of  tailings,  25,000  tons  of 
dump— both  good  values.  Water  for  working  same. 
Situated  3  miles  from  railroad.  No  crushing  power 
required.  Guarantee  a  saving  of  80%.  Partners 
oannot  agree,  so  it  will  be  sold  cheap.  Inquire  of 
James  McDermott,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  Francisco. 

ROR    SALE. 

Large  quantities  of  light  Steel 
Rails— 16- b.,  24-lb.  and  35-lb. 
sections  with  fastenings. 

HASTEN  &  HASTEN,    407  Heme  Building. 
Xjos  Angeles,  Cal. 


EXCEPTIONAL  BARGAIN  ! 

ONE  POUR-FOOT  FRUE  VANNER,  fitted  with 
Brownell  Patent  Lip  Flange  Belt.  Vanner  and 
Belt  absolutely  new.  Address  Fricot  &  Miller, 
Latrobe,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 


Thirty  years  of  lamp  making  enables  us  to  offer  a 
MINERS'  LAMP 
that  gives  perfect  satis- 
faction. The  Qlobe  Lamp 
has  a  globe  and  our  name 
stamped  on  It.  We  also 
make  The  Star  Miners'  and 
Drivers1  Lamps.  Write  us 
for  circulars  and  whole- 
sale prices.  Sample  lamps 
mailed  on  receipt  of  26c. 

GEO.  ANTON,  P.  O.  Box 
64,  Moncmgahela,  Pa. 


I  ADVERTISE 
IN 
NEWSPAPERS 
MAGAZINES 
TRADE  PAPERS 
WRITE    FOB     RATES  TO 
CURTIS  •  NEWHALL    CO. 
LOS   ANGELES,  CALIFORNIA 


MINING    TANKS 

WATER    TANKS 

CYANIDE   TANKS 


OIL  TANKS 


ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE  MAILED  FREE 


PACIFIC      TANK      COMPANY 


LOS  ANGELES 
6TH  AND  MATEO  STS. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
301    MARKET  STREET 


NOTICE 

of  Receiver's  Sale  of  the  Electric  Plant,  Ap- 
paratus, and  Other  Property  of  the 
Gochiti  Gold  Mining  Company. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the  Receiver,  by  ap- 
pointment of  the  District  Court  of  the  Second 
Judicial  District  of  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico, 
for  th  '■  County  of  Bernalillo,  in  that  certain  cause 
pending  therein  wherein  Raymond  P.  Ripley  and 
others  are  defendants,  will,  under  and  by  virtue  of 
an  orJer  of  said  court  made  August  20,  1903,  re- 
ceive bids  for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  all  the 
property  of  the  said  Uochitl  Gold  Mining  Company, 
now  in  his  possession  as  such  receiver.  Said 
property  consists  of  a  complete  cyanide  mil'  of 
two  hundred  and  fifty  tons  capacity,  built  of  struc- 
tural iron,  various  other  buildings  such  as  stores, 
boarding  house,  store  house, bunk  houses, elc  .etc. 
The  machinery  consists  of  dry  crushing  apparatus, 
Davis  and  AUis  flashing  rolls,  twenty  stf  el  leach- 
ing tanks  of  two  hundred  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty  tons  capacity;  also 'sixteen  thousand  dol- 
lars worth  of  mining  and  mill  supplies;  office  fur- 
niture, etc  And  also,  situated  at  Madrid,  N..M  , 
an  electric  power  plant  and  structu-  al  steel  build- 
ing, one  eight  hundrpd  horse  power  engine,  one  600 
K.  W  generator,  complete  switches  etc  ,  etc.,  for 
a  twenty-thousahd-volt"  transmission,  and  other 
property  such  as  is  generally  us'd  in  connection 
with  such  a  mill  run  by  electricity,  Including  one 
■  hundred  miles  of  copper  transmission  wire- 

Also  the  Albemar  e,  Pamlico,  Hur^n,  Ontario 
patented  mining  prooerties,  and  the  TJ.  M.  C.  and 
three-fourths  Interest  in  ths  Red  Cloud,  containing 
In  all  almost  ons  hundred  acres  and  having  five 
thousand  feet  on  the  strike  of  the  vein.  These 
mines  and  the  mills  »re  situated  at  Albemarle, 
Sandoval  County,  New  Mexico,  twenty-f  urmi'es 
from  Thornton  on  the  A.  T.,  &  S.  F.  Ry.— the  othsr 
property  at  Madr'd  on  said  railway. 

Bids  will  be  received  bvthe  undersigned  for  the 
sale  of  said  property,  or  any  p;irt  thereof,  for  sixty 
days  from  the  date  of  this  not  ce  For  the  Madrid 
power  plant  property,  and  the  electrical  machin- 
ery, bids  must  be  itemized,  fixing  the  price  to  be 
paid  upon  each  separate  article;  and,  also,  sepa- 
rate bids  must  be  submitted  for  the  wire,  on  ac- 
count of  conflicting  interests  in  the  property.  The 
buildings  and  other  property  may  be  removed  by 
purchasers  from  the  premises  on  which  they  are 
located. 

A  reasonable  deposit,  certified  check  or  cash. 
must  accompany  each  bid  as  a  guaranty  of  good 
iaith  and  responsibility. 

Lists  of  the  property  and  all  other  information 
requested  will  be  furnished  upon  application  to 
the  Receiver.  WILLIAM  SPhlNCER, 

Receiver. 
P.  O  Address:    Albuquerque,  New  Mexioo.' 

August  21,  1903 

The  Mines  of  Park  City.  Utah, 

Have  furnished  70%  of  the  lead,  61%  of  the  silver. 
70%  of  the  dividends  of  the  State,  Send  20  cents 
for  24-page  illustrated  edition  of  Park  City  Miner, 
with  map.    N,  3.  DRESSER,  Park  City,  Utah. 


It'. 


(a,nd  "TO7"3±3  Dm.ei,ls.e  tliem.) 


The  above  picture  shows  one  of  our  Traction  ijjngifte  outfits  in  use  in  Guatemala,  C.  A. ;  was  used  during  late 
war  by  that  Government  for  transportation  of  trij°ta|j#p  supplies.  Engine,  110  H.  P.;  car  capacity,  16  tons  each. 
Can  be  used  on  from  5  to  30  per  cent  grades,  depijiJiMigMupon  condition  of  roads.  Over  150  in  use  on  this  coast 
alone,  and  every  one  a  money  maker.  Let  us  know  the  kind  of  freight  you  are  hauling,  per  cent  of  the  grades, 
usual  conditions  of  roads,  and  we  will  tell  you  how  to  save  \  to  J  of  your  present  cost  of  hauling.  You  know  we 
also  make  the  best  2  to  75  H.  P.  Crude  Oil  Engine,  with  Improved  Generator  and   Self-Starter,  in  the  market. 

Write  for  our  new  Catalogue  No.  18,  and  we'll  do  the  rest.  > 

THE  BEST  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 

SAIN     LEAINDRO,     CALIFORNIA. 


Whole  No.  2250.— VOL,2££^v"-     SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY.  SEPTEMBER  5.  1903.  ^K.'S'KaS?  K^SS0"- 


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Fig   I.— 100-Stamp  Mill  of  Golden  Cross  Mine,  San   Diego   Co.,  Cal. 


Fig    2.— 100  Stamp  Mill  Golden  Cross  Mine,  San   Diego  Co.,  Cal.  (Looking  South  ) 


Fig.   3.— American  Girl  Mine,  San   Diego  Co,  Cal.  (Looking  West.) 


Fig.  4.— Stonewall  Mill  and  Mine,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal. 


Fig.  5-Helvetia   Hoist   and   Mill,  Near   Julian,   San   Diego   Co  ,   Cil. 


Fig.  6.— Gold   King   Mine,   Banner,   San   Diego   Co.,   Cal. 


Some    Representative    Gold    Hines    of    San    Diego    Co.,    Cal.      (See  Page  150) 


146 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Punished  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771. 

ANNUAL.  SUBSCRTPTION. 

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Ai:  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 


Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postoflice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  offices: 
NEW  York  City,  T20  Park  Row  Bids.        Boston,  42  Worcester  Square. 


Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block. 


Denter,  606  Mack  Block. 


J.  F,  HAIXORAN Publisher 


San  Francisco,  September  5,  J903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 


Page. 


illustrations: 

100-Stamp  Mill  ot  Golden  Cross  Mine,  San  D!ego  Co.,  Cal 145 

100-Stamp  Mill  Golden  Cross  Mice,  Looking  South      145 

American  G  rl  Mine,  San  Diego  Co  ,  Cal.,  Lookiog  West 146 

Stonewall  Mill  and  Mine,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal 145 

Helvetia  Hoist  and  Mill,  Near  Julian,  San  Diego  Co.,  Cal 145 

Gold  King  Mine,  Banner,  San  Diego  Co  ,  Cal 145 

Old  Tract  at  Carterville,  Mo.,  with  Caved  Ground  and  Aban- 
doned Shaf  th.mse 14° 

A  Prospecting  Outfit ...........  ..lw 

Venus  Mill,  Prosperity,  Mo  ,  Showing  Elevator  and  Launder 

for  Tailings J4" 

Mohawk  Mill,  Mine  Buildings  and  Dumps i4e 

Beaslev  Mine  and  Mill,  Webb  City,  Mo  ,  Showing  Old  Caved 

Ground  in  the  Foreground •  •  •  ■ 14° 

Sketch  Showing  Fault  in  Lincoln  Mine,  Sutter  Creek,  Cal 149 

Vein  System  Near  Sutter  Creek,  Cal 149 

The  Dawson  Reduction  Furnace 1  J° 

Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  Bitumen  Mine  No  1,  Medium  Rock 161 

Santa  Cruz,  Cal ,  Bitumen  Mine  No  2,  Soft  Rock 151 

Portable  Drilling  Outfit 162 

Modern  Methods  in  Ore  Treatment  by  Cyamdation 154 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 155 

editorial: 

Advance  in  Machinery 146 

Silver  on  the  Up-Grade 14° 

An  Ingenious  Scheme 14b 

Possibilities  in  Mechanical  Industry  146 

Cabinet  Department  of  Mines  and  Mining 146 

The  American  Mini  g  Congress > 146 

Annual  Assessment  Work 146 

Advertising  in  the  "Mining  and  Scientific  Press" 146 

MINING   SUMMARY 156-167-158-159 

latest  market  reports  i60 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 14' 

New  Century  Drop  Motion  Jig 148 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt — 149 

Geologic  Figures  from  the  United  States  Survey 149 

A  New  Reduct'on  Process 150 

Gold  Mines  of  San  Diego  County,  Cal 160 

Bituminous  Rock  in  Califor jia 151 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 152 

Application  of  Water  in  Rock  Drilling 152 

How  to  Make  Blue  Prints,  Etc 153 

Modern  Methods  in  Ore  Treatment  by  Cyanidation 154 

Coal  Miners'  Wages  in  Bohemia 164 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 155 

Commercial  Paragraphs 159 

Personal 160 

Catalogues  Received 160 

Obituary 160 

New  Patents 160 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 160 


and  a  good  answer  to  the  pessimist  who  says:  "  A 
poor  man  has  no  chance  any  more."  Never  in  the 
world's  history  were  there  better  chances  than  right 
now  for  a  man  who  has  it  in  him  to  go  ahead.  How- 
ever "  poor  "  he  may  be  if  he  be  rich  in  manhood  he 
is  bound  to  get  ahead;  and  however  rich  he  may  be 
if  he  is  poor  in  the  qualities  that  make  for  material 
success  he  is  certain  to  fall  back.  "Pull"  or  influ- 
ence may  get  a  man  a  fine  position,  but  he  must  have 
merit  to  hold  it.  When  Root  was  driving  spikes  for 
$1.75  a  day  he  drove  them  well,  and  whenever  he  had 
a  chance  he  showed  the  stuff  that  was  in  him.  He 
didn't  watch  the  clock,  and  wasn't  afraid  he  was  do- 
ing too  much.  Men  of  affairs  are  always  on  the  look- 
out for  such  assistants  and  the  world  is  theirs  to 
have  and  to  hold. 


TO  indicate  the  advance  in  machinery  in  the  last 
decade,  it  is  worthy  of  note  that  at  the  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  Exposition  next  year  there  is  promised 
to  be  exhibited -a  3000  H.  P.  gas  engine. 


THE  inevitable  swing  of  the  pendulum  has  started 
silver  on  the  up-grade  again,  and  the  scepter 
of  supremacy  in  its  purchase  is  shifting  from  London 
to  New  York  and  San  Francisco.  It  is  expected 
that  the  international  conference  will  adopt  a  ratio 
of  32  to  1,  which  would  tend  to  bring  the  price  up  to 
65  cents  per  ounce,  with  the  usual  quickening  effect 
on  its  production,  which  of  late  years  has  materially 
declined,  it  having  become  more  and  more  a  by- 
product.         

AN  ingenious  California  mine  superintendent  is 
considering  a  scheme  to  build  a  water-tight 
bulkhead  in  an  abandoned  crosscut  in  his  mine,  and  to 
utilize  the  chamber  so  created  as  an  air  receiver, 
connected  with  the  compressor  main  line.  There  is 
some  diversity  of  opinion  as  to  the  result.  The  plan 
may  possibly  be  a  success  if  the  chamber  is  first  allowed 
to  fill  with  water  in  order  that  all  the  cracks  may  be 
silted  up  and  thus  become  impervious  to  either  air  or 
water.  Bulkheads  are  made  essentially  water-tight, 
then  why  not  air-tight  ? 


THE  editorial  in  last  week's  issue  on  a  cabinet 
department  of  mines  and  mining  as  being  a 
national  necessity  has  elicited  a  more  than  ordinary 
number  of  responses,  mostly  affirmative.  A  mining 
engineer  furnishes  an  instance  illustrative  of  just 
why,  through  the  years,  the  plea  has  been  made 
by  this  paper  for  a  department  of  mines  and 
mining :  some  modification  of  the  requirements 
occasioned  from  either  the  whim  or  notion  of 
a  temporary  clerk  attached  to  the  Interior 
Department  of  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment :  That  portion  of  the  United  States  stat- 
utes governing  mining  locations  requires  that  the 
United  States  mineral  monument  shall  be  estab- 
lished where  the  mineral  survey  is  more  than  2  miles 
from  a  corner  of  the  public  survey  and  corner  of  each 
mineral  location  connected  thereto.  If  within  2  miles, 
the  connections  are  made  with  the  public  survey,  but 
the  California  Surveyor-general  now  rules  that  each 
and  every  mining  monument  established  must  be  con- 
nected with  a  corner  of  the  public  survey,  regardless 
of  distance.  Every  mining  surveyor  will  realize  what 
a  hardship  this  ruling,  if  strictly  enforced,  will  be  to 
a  locator  should  the  essential  point  happen  to  be  from 
7  to  20  miles  distant.  This  latest  ruling  of  the 
California  official  is  made  mandatory  on  him,  be- 
cause of  a  letter  received  by  him  with  instruc- 
tions to  that  effect  from  Washington,  though 
Surveyor-Generals  in  other  States  say  they  do  not 
require  such  connection  because  they  have  had  no 
such  letter.  In  the  absence  of  further  present 
knowledge  on  the  subject,  it  may  be_assumed  in  this 
case,  as  in  others  previously  brought  to  our  atten- 
tion, that  this  latest  "ruling"  is  based  purely 
on  the  whim  or  notion  of  some  $100  clerk  at 
the  national  capital  who  never  saw  a  mining 
location,  and  who  wouldn't  know  it  if  he  did 
see  it,  for,  unfortunately — and  to  the  shame  of  our 
government,  it  must  be  confessed — that  all  those  mat- 
ters pertaining  to  the  nation's  foremost  industry 
have  been  relegated  through  the  years  to  some  desk 
in  a  corner  of  an  overworked  department,  and  who- 
ever happens  to  be  in  charge  of  the  desk  at  that  time 
can  usually  rule  or  decide  just  as  his  whim  suggests, 
regardless  of  the  equities  of  the  case  and  to  the  in- 
jury of  the  mining  industry,  the  vexation  of  those 
who  know  better,  and  the  expense  and  annoyance 
entailed  on  many  who  can  often  poorly  afford  to  pay 
the  extra  money  made  necessary  by  the  whimsical 
rulings  of  a  Washington  clerk. 


EIGHT  years  ago  Oren  Root,  aged  22,  was  driving 
spikes  on  a  New  York  street  railway  at  $1  75 
per  day.  To-day,  the  same  Oren  Root,  aged  30,  is 
general  manager  of  the  system  with  direct  super- 
vision of  14,000  men.  That  is  a  good  example  of  the 
possibilities  in  every  branch  of  mechanical  industry 


THE  Congress  which  meets  next  Monday  at 
Deadwood,  South  Dakota,  is  the  sixth  gath- 
ering of  that  body.  It  was  called  together  in 
Denver,  Colo.,  in  1897,  as  the  Gold  Mining  Con- 
vention. Its  second  annual  session  was  in  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  in  July,  1898,  when  it  was 
styled  the  International  Mining  Congress.  At  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.,  June  19,  1899,  was  opened  the  third 
convention.  The  fourth  was  held  in  Butte,  Mont., 
in  1901;  the  fifth  at  Boise,  Idaho,  in  1902,  and  the  name 
was  then  changed  to  the  American  Mining  Congress. 
It  is  the  only  organization  of  the  kind,  and  as  such 
has  received  much  prominent  mention  from  mining 
journals  throughout  the  nation,  the  general  estimate 
of  the  gathering  being  commensurate  with  its  merits. 
If.  it  has  done  little  good,  it  certainly  has  done  no 
harm,  and  is  illustrative  of  what  a  virile  organization 
of  the  kind  could  do,  strongly  officered  and  rightly 
run.  It  deserves  encouragement  for  its  possibilities, 
rather  than  criticism  of  its  weakness,  for  it  is  sus- 
ceptible of  something  better  than  being  made  a  mere 


excuse  for  "special"  numbers  of  sundry  mining 
periodicals  with  a  view  to  increased  advertising. 
The  American  Mining  Congress  can  be  just  what 
American  mining  men  choose  to  make  it,  and  a  push- 
ing dignified  organization,  with  some  semblance  of  au- 
thoritative utterance,  would  be  of  substantial  benefit 
to  the  mining  industry. 


DURING  the  next  ninety  days  considerable  annual 
assessment  work  will  be  done  on  thousands  of 
unpatented  mining  claims  west  of  the  100  th  meridian. 
In  connection  therewith,  it  is  worthy  of  note  that, 
unless  the  locator  considers  the  claim  worth  working 
or  patenting,  it  is  of  no  use  or  need  to  spend  any 
money  on  it.  Of  course,  $100  worth  of  work  or  im- 
provement must  annually  be  put  upon  an  unpatented 
mining  claim  in  the  United  States  if  one  wants  to 
hold  it;  but  if  it  isn't  worth  holding,  there  is  little 
use  of  annual  assessment  work.  Unless  one  thinks 
his  claim  of  some  value,  it  were  useless  to  spend 
money  "  just  to  keep  up  the  title,"  for  he  might  keep 
on  putting  $100  per  year  for  ten  years  on  the  claim 
in  that  way;  and  if  he  missed  one  year,  he  would 
have  no  better  title  than  if  he  had  put  no  work  on  it 
at  all.  In  such  a  case,  viz.,  where  the  locator  has 
little  or  no  belief  in  the  value  of  his  location,  he  need 
spend  no  money  on  it,  but  go  on  the  proposition  that 
others  are  of  the  same  belief  concerning  it;  and  if 
they  are,  then  he  can  let  it  lapse,  and  if  any  one  else 
has  no  better  opinion  of  it  than  himself  and  does  not 
jump  it,  he  can  relocate  it  later  on  and  save  his 
money.  A  good  many,  however,  have  a  better 
opinion  of  their  claim  than  this,  yet  take  the  chances 
on  relocation  or  trouble  of  some  kind  by  neglect  to 
do  the  necessary  annual  work.  This  is  a  grievous 
mistake!  If  the  claim  is  worth  consideration  at  all, 
it  should  be  taken  care  of  by  sufficient  annual  work 
and  improvement  to  prevent  any  possible  trouble  as 
to  title.  Meanwhile  a  United  States  patent  should 
be  secured  at  the  earliest  date.  If  a  man  wants  to 
keep  on  owning  the  claim,  it  is  vastly  more  comfort- 
able to  have  a  clear  title  to  it;  and  if  he  wants  to 
sell  it,  next  to  the  value  of  the  property,  nothing 
will  expedite  the  transfer  so  satisfactorily  as  to  be 
able  to  show  an  original  deed  from  Uncle  Sim. 


RECOGNIZING  that  cheapness  is  not  regulated 
by  what  one  pays,  but  by  what  he  gets  for 
what  he  pays,  and  that  the  value  of  an  advertisement 
is  determined  by  its  results,  the  leaders  in  many 
branches  of  business  connected  with  mining  or  metal- 
lurgy advertise  in  these  columns.  And  in  this  re- 
gard it  is  to  be  said  that  our  readers  can  be  sup- 
plied by  them  with  what  they  need  at  fair  prices.  It 
is  still  further  to  be  said  that  those  advertisers  de- 
serve the  business  they  seek,  for  it  is  their  trade 
announcements  that  enable  the  publisher  to  furnish 
this  journal  at  such  small  cost  to  subscribers.  It  is 
manifest  to  every  one  that  such  a  publication  as  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Peess  could  not  be  placed  in 
the  hands  of  its  readers  at  a  cost  to  them  of  less  than 
6  cents  per  issue  were  it  not  for  the  advertising  pat- 
ronage, and  it  is  equally  manifest  that  in  buying  from 
those  who  so  advertise  herein  the  reader  really  bene- 
fits himself  in  more  ways  than  one,  for  beside  the 
consciousness  that  he  is  dealing  with  reputable  firms, 
it  is  to  be  borne  in  mind  that  it  is  those  firms  who 
make  it  possible  for  him  to  get  such  a  journal  for  $3 
per  year;  for,  as  stated,  without  the  income  received 
from  advertising,  this  journal  could  not  be  issued  for 
any  such  amount  and  continue  to  maintain  its 
high  standard  of  technical  excellence.  This  fact 
holds  true  of  nearly  every  publication  of  large 
circulation,  statistics  from  the  business  office  show- 
ing that  the  cost  of  producing  a  journal  exceeds 
the  income  from  its  subscriptions,  with  the  effect 
that  it  is  the  advertisers  who  make  possible  its  mani- 
fest value  and  continuous  existence.  Of  course  the 
advertiser  doesn't  place  his  advertisement  in  this 
paper  for  philanthropic  reasons  or  just  because  he 
wants  to  have  the  reader  regularly  supplied  with 
even  so  good  a  publication;  he  advertises  for  the 
profit  its  wide  circulation  brings  him,  for  in  no  way 
could  he  get  so  great  a  hearing  at  so  small  a  cost,  he 
being  assured  profitable  publicity,  but  it  is  manifest 
from  the  above  that  it  is  of  mutual  interest  to  buy 
from  firms  that  advertise.  If  what  they  have  wasn't 
good  they  wouldn't  or  couldn't  advertise  it  in  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September5,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


147 


P 9 

CONCENTRATES. 

b d 


A  16-CANDLE  POWER  incandescent  electric  light  would 
take  half  an  ampere  current  at  110  volts. 
* 
THERE  Is   nothing   Impossible  geologically  In  marine 
shales  carrying  gold  In  commercial  quantities. 
* 
"Capacity,  "as  applied  to  a  gold  dredge,  Is  the  actual 
amount  the  dredge  can  lift  running  full  buckets,  with 
the  ladder  lying  at  an  angle  of  45°. 

A  3%  SOLUTION  of  hydrogen  peroxide  Injected  be- 
neath the  skin  with  a  hypodermic  syringe  furnishes  an 
antidote  for  cyantding  poisoning  by  inhalation. 

4. 

APPROXIMATELY,  a  pipe  3  feet  long  will  hold  as  many 
pounds  of  water  as  theEquare  of  Its  diameter  in  inches. 
A  5-lnch  pipe  will  hold  about  25  pounds  of  water  in  each 
yard  of  length. 

* 

TO  estimate  the  horse  power  obtainable  from  1 
miner's  inch  of  water,  multiply  the  head  of  water  In  feet 
by  the  decimal  0  0024147:  the  product  is  the  theoretical 
horse  power  so  procurable. 

* 

Quartz  Is  a  crystallized  mineral  as  originally  depos- 
ited; quartzlte  is  a  rock  of  quartz,  granular  and  second- 
ary.     Quartz    occurs    In    veins;    quartzlte    in    strata. 
Quartzlte  is  sometimes  a  metamorphosed  sandstone. 
* 

Regarding  last  week's  illustrated  description  of  an 
"Inverted  siphon,"  such  a  construction  as  that  suggested, 
"a  mile  long,  of  wrought  iron,  and  18  inches  diameter," 
could  be  made  to  work  all  right.  With  a  400-foot  head, 
the  approximate  pressure  would  be  400  pounds  per 
square  inch. 

* 

There  are  many  recipes  and  formula?  for  welding 
steel  and  Iron.  The  following  Is  recommended:  Car- 
bonate of  ammonia,  one-half  pound;  borax,  two  pounds; 
muriate  of  ammonia,  one-half  pound;  black  oxide  of 
manganese,  one-quarter  pound.  Beat  up  in  a  mortar 
and  mix  well. 

* 

While  Interesting  as  a  laboratory  experiment,  liquid 
air  has  not  nor  is  It  likely  to  be  put  to  successful  com- 
mercial use  in  or  around  a  mine.  A  2  H.  P.  engine 
working  continuously  for  one  hour  would  produce  only 
enough  liquid  air  when  converted  Into  power  to  run  a 
2  H.  P.  engine  one  minute. 

* 

The  Slocan  district,  B.  C,  Is  the  only  British  Co- 
lumbia province,  so  far  as  "  Concentrates  "  knows,  that 
has  shipped  zinc  ores  to  the  United  States  for  treatment. 
That  section  has  sold  zinc  concentrates  to  the  Lauzon 
Zinc  Co.,  Iola,  Kansas,  the  railways  making  a  special 
rate  of  $11  per  ton  freight. 

* 

It aly  and  Canada  produce  the  best  asbestos,  the  Ital- 
ian quality  being  the  superior,  having  longer,  silky 
fiber.  Italian  asbestos  contains  80%  silicate  of  magne- 
sium, and  30%  oxide  of  iron.  The  South  African  as- 
bestos carries  60%  Bllica  and  about  40%  oxide  of  Iron, 
being  too  brittle  and  stony  for  use. 
* 

Easily  fusible  alloys  must  contain  cadmium. 
Such  an  alloy  Is  four  of  lead,  seven  to  eight  of  bismuth, 
and  one  to  two  of  cadmium,  and  which  fuses  between  66° 
and  72°  C  LIpowltz's  metal,  which  softens  at  65°  C. 
and  becomes  perfectly  liquid  at  66",  consists  of  four 
parts  of  tin,  eight  parts  of  lead,  fifteen  of  bismuth  and 
three  of  cadmium. 

There  are  several  formulae  for  compounds  to  keep 
machinery  from  rusting.  Take  1  ounce  camphor,  dis- 
solve It  In  1  pound  melted  lard;  remove  the  scum,  then 
mix  with  the  camphor  and  lard  as  much  fine  black  lead 
as  will  give  it  an  iron  color;  clean  the  machinery  well; 
smear  with  the  mixture.  After  twenty-four  hours  rub 
off,  then  clean  with  soft  cloth. 
* 

In  woodworking  shops  an  exhaust  system  Is  often  used 
by  which  all  shavings  and  sawdust  falling  from  the  ma- 
chines are  carried  away.  A  system  of  main  piping  is  fed 
by  the  exhaust  pipe  attached  to  each  machine,  and  fur- 
nished with  a  large  fan,  which  draws  all  the  waste  prod- 
ucts Into  the  pipe  and  conveys  the  contents  into  a  chute, 
which,  in  its  turn,  automatically  carries  them  along  to 
the  boiler  house,  where  they  are  consumed. 
* 

Beside  the  pneumatic  portable  hammer— an  admir- 
able device  driven  by  compressed  air — an  electrical- ham- 
mer is  also  becoming  of  general  use  in  chipping,  riveting 
and  similar  work,  operated  by  a  motor  of  \  H.  P., 
cheaply  installed  and  of  economic  value.  The  electrical 
hammer  has  the  advantage  of  longdistance  power  trans- 
mission, and,  like  its  pneumatic  brother,  has  a  range  of 
Bervlee  and  a  record  for  economy  and  effect! veuess  that 
makes  Its  use  worthy  of  consideration. 

Next  to  skilled  judgment,  the  best  safeguard  while 
following  or  Intersecting  veins  is  the  judicious  use  of 
crosscut  work.  Whenever  doubt  existB  this  should  be 
extended  far  enough  to  include  other  crevices  and  give 
deolslve  information.  Generally  speaking,  one  crosscut 
in  the  line  of  an  ore  shoot  Is  worth  a  dozen  elsewhere. 


Well-designed  mine  maps,  with  plenty  of  sections  and 
kept  up  with  the  work,  are  always  necessary  for  good 
work  underground.  This  is  particularly  the  case  In  ir- 
regular or  complicated  ore  deposits.  Nevertheless  It  is 
not  uncommon  to  Bad  large  mines  operating  without 
maps  or  with  a  mere  apology  for  one. 
* 

When  cement  is  dissolved  in  dilute  hydrochloric  acid, 
part  of  the  calcium  silicate  is  not  decomposed,  but 
merely  dissolves,  and  Is  precipitated  on  neutralizing  the 
acid  with  ammonia.  To  analyze  the  cement,  dissolve 
one  gram  In  dilute  hydrochloric  acid,  add  ammonia  and 
filter  off  the  precipitate  of  Iron,  alumina  and  silica.  Re- 
dlBBolve  this  precipitate  In  concentrated  hydrochloric 
acid  and  repreclpltate  with  ammonia.  The  two  filtrates 
and  washings  are  then  collected  for  estimation  of  calcium 
therein.  It  Is  advisable  to  dissolve  the  Ignited  calcium 
after  weighing  In  hydrochloric  acid  and  estimate  the 
SIO,,  Al2Oa  and  Pe2Oa  It  may  contain. 
* 

Antimonial  lead  Is  a  by-product  of  base  silver-lead 
bullion  refining.  In  Colorado  such  base  bullion  will  con- 
tain between  3%  and  4%  antimony.  Antimonial  lead 
will  run  from  10%  to  50%  antimony.  That  carrying 
from  20%  to  30%  is  considered  best  adapted  to  commer- 
cial use.  There  Is  an  electrolytic  process  of  extraction 
of  antimony  from  ore  in  which  the  antimony  sulphide  of 
the  ore  Is  dissolved  with  sodium  sulphide.  This  solution 
Is  electrolyzed  In  a  vat  divided  by  a  diaphragm,  the  an- 
timony solution  being  put  in  the  cathode  compartment 
filled  with  caustic  soda  solution  to  which  has  been  added 
enough  ammonium  chloride  to  raise  the  specific  gravity 
to  that  of  the  antimony  solution. 
* 

The  only  reason  few  hydraulic  gold  working  patents 
are  weekly  recorded  and  so  many  smelting  and  process 
patents  are  is  because  that  is  the  way  they  are  furnished 
by  the  U.  S.  patent  office,  and  the  weekly  illustrated 
page  of  new  patents  In  each  ls9ue  Is  an  abstract  of  the 
official  reports.  "Concentrates"  wduld  be  pleased  to 
publish  any  gold  hydraulic  mining  patent  when  so  re- 
ported from  the  patent  office.  This  does  not  mean  that 
hydraulic  mining  is  at  a  standstill,  but  many  of  the  de- 
vices long  ago  invented  are  so  admirably  adapted  to  the 
work  for  which  they  were  designed  that  they  continue 
to  be  used  from  possible  Inability  to  improve  on  them. 
Meanwhile,  If  the  questioner  will  note  the  weekly  page 
of  published  patents  he  will  observe  dredger  devices  and 
other  improvements  which  constitute  the  latest  phase  In 
large  hydraulic  mining  propositions. 
* 

The  limit  of  electric  heating  Is  purely  financial.  To 
convert  heaf  Into  other  energy  with  a  very  small  effi- 
ciency and  to  send  it  out  by  expensive  cables,  and  then 
to  degrade  the  energy  down  to  heat  again,  is  obviously 
much  dearer  than  burning  coal  or  gas  direct.  The  elec- 
tric arc  and  incandescent  lamps  are  essentially  cases  of 
electric  heating.  By  far  the  most  Important  use  of  elec- 
tric heating  Is  the  furnace.  Here  the  temperature  avail- 
able is  only  limited  by  the  volatilization  of  the  electrodes, 
and  this  enables  one  to  get  temperatures  otherwise  un- 
available, so  that  one  can  get  chemical  actions  which  are 
impossible  at  lower  temperatures,  either  because  they 
are  endothermlc  or  because  the  materials  do  not  come 
into  chemical  contact  at  ordinary  temperatures.  It  is 
impossible  to  say  what  the  limits  are  in  the  electric  fur- 
nace. Probably  the  temperature  Is  limited  by  the  vola- 
tilizing of  carbon.  The  products  are  not  limited  to  endo- 
thermlc compounds.  The  furnace  is  useful  for  the  re- 
duction of  metals  and  phosphorus  and  for  melting  glass 
and  silica  for  optical  and  laboratory  purpose1,  and  per- 
haps for  cooking  utensils  and  evaporating  pans  and  cru- 
cibles In  chemical  engineering  and  metallurgy. 
* 

There  are  great  quantities  of  gold-bearing  black 
sands  scattered  all  over  this  west  half  of  America,  on  the 
ocean  beach  and  on  the  banks  of  big  rivers,  and  consider- 
able successful  effort  has  been  made  at  saving  the  gold, 
but  as  a  general  thing  it  has  never  been  at  any  place  a 
very  big  proposition,  and  rarely  It  doesn't  more  than  pay 
wages.  All  sorts  of  schemes  have  been  tried.  The  big- 
gest trouble  In  working  the  sand  by  the  sluicing  process 
Is  that  the  gold  Is  so  extremely  thin  and  light  that  the 
water  carries  it  off  even  easier  than  It  does  the  grains  of 
sand,  which  have  more  body  to  them,  and  it  is  the  sand, 
and  not  the  gold,  that  settles  down  In  between  the  rif- 
fles and  packs  there,  hard.  Should  the  head  of  water 
be  increased  or  more  slant  be  given  the  sluice  box,  it 
only  makes  the  gold  go  through  all  the  more.  The  cya- 
nide process  goes  far  toward  solving  the  problem,  the 
principal  trouble  in  that  case  being  the  fact  that  with- 
out proper  concentration  the  small  amount  of  gold  and 
the  large  amount  of  iron  Interferes  seriously  with  the 
necessary  chemical  action  of  the  zinc  shavings  on  the 
cyanide  solution,  ofttimes  preventing  precipitation, 
largely  by  reason  of  the  iron,  which  in  the  cyanide  solu 
tion  will  prevent  the  zinc  from  going  into  the  solution  to 
replace  the  gold. 

At  most  Arizona  copper  works  remelting  furnaces 
have  been  dispensed  with.  At  the  Copper  Queen  the 
matte,  made  from  a  mixture  of  oxidized  and  sulphuretted 
ores  in  cupolas  120  Inches  by  42  inches  at  the  tuyeres,  is 
discharged  into  large  wells  which  are  mounted  on  rollers, 
and  rotated  like  the  converters  by  hydraulic  machinery, 
one  well  standing  in  front  of  each  furnace.  From  the 
wells  the  slag  flows  continuously,  and  the  matte  Is  poured 
directly  Into  the  converter,  which  is  placed  on  a  lower 
level.    There  Is  thus  secured  the  minimum  of  handling. 


The  capacity  of  eaoh  furnace  1b  adjusted  accurately  to 
the  capacity  of  Its  own  converter,  but  the  furnace  has 
occasionally  to  wait  for  a  converter  and  the  converter 
for  the  furnace,  as  the  matte  should  not  be  poured  until 
the  well  Is  nearly  full,  lest  the  slag  In  any  quantity 
accompany  it  to  the  converter.  The  tilting  well  was 
adopted  after  experiencing  the  difficulty  of  controlling 
the  flow  through  a  tap  hole  directly  into  the  converter 
from  a  deep  receptacle  holding  so  many  tons  of  matte 
Each  furnace  Is  provided  with  two  wells  in  tandem.  An 
electric  crane  Is  used  to  move  the  matte  from  any  fur- 
nace well  to  any  converter,  and  to  lift  the  converter  slags 
and  pour  them  Into  one  of  the  wells  nearest  a  furnace 
stack.  At  Nacosarl,  Sonora,  Mexico,  the  well  Is  placed 
to  the  side  of  the  furnace  Instead  of  in  front,  and  can  be 
tilted  to  the  rear  as  well  as  to  the  front,  and  so  when  It 
has  to  be  emptied  of  matte  the  supernatant  slag  can  be 
poured  off  to  the  rear. 

In  the  adjustment  of  water  to  a  belt  concentrator,  It 
should  be  noticed  that  the  proper  quantity  of  water 
is  something  to  be  carefully  regulated.  There  should 
be  on  each  side  of  the  belt  a  small  streak  of 
6and— that  is,  there  should  be  less  water  there 
than  In  the  balance  of  the  pulp  elsewhere  on  the 
belt.  If  the  water  feed  be  not  regulated  in  this  man- 
ner, the  sides  will  ba  sloppy  and  a  loss  will  result.  When 
this  condition  is  observed,  too  much  water  19  being 
added.  When  too  little  water  is  fed,  there  will  appear 
broad  bands  of  Band  at  the  sides  of  the  belt  and  sand 
will  pass  over  with  the  sulphides.  Clean  sulphurets  are 
always  desirable,  and,  if  they  can  not  be  obtained  on  a 
single  machine  without  too  serious  a  loss,  the  pulp  must 
be  classified  by  passing  through  a  pointed  box  and  the 
coarse  fed  to  one  machine  and  the  fine  to  another.  In 
some  mills  all  the  concentrate  are  "run  dirty  "—that  Is, 
allowed  to  carry  some  sand,  in  order  to  secure  all  the 
sulphides  in  the  concentrate.  This  concentrated  ma- 
terial Is  then  reeoncentrat  ;d  on  a  separate  machine.  The 
usual  result  Is  two  products — a  clean,  high-grade  sul- 
phide and  a  low-grade  "  middlings,"  containing  more  or 
less  Bulphlde  of  lower  specific  gravity  than  the  high- 
grade  material,  and  of  lower  value.  This  plan  has  been 
found  to  give  satisfaction  In  the  treatment  of  quartz  con- 
taining much  soft,  slaty  rock,  in  which  there  Is  a  good 
percentage  of  sulphurets.  Usually  these  sulphides  are 
found  to  be  low  grade. 

* 

THE  cost  of  timbering  a  shaft  depends  on  the  method 
of  timbering  employed,  the  size  of  the  shaft,  size  of  tim- 
bers, kind  of  timber  used,  cost  of  labor,  and  to  a  great 
extent  on  the  ability  of  the  workmen  to  do  the  work  as 
speedily  as  possible  while  doing  it  properly.  There  is  a 
small  difference  in  first  C09t  of  timber  between  the  over- 
lap framing  and  the  dovetail  framing,  but  this  is  not 
material.  As  to  the  advantage  which  either  method 
may  possess  over  the  other,  It  is  not  clear  that  there  Is 
any  such  advantage  under  ordinary  conditions,  though 
It  is  undoubtedly  better  to  employ  the  overlap  in  a  shaft 
where  the  ground  shifts  or  shows  a  tendency  to  do  so. 
The  item  of  timbers  broken  or  displaced  by  blasting  In 
some  shafts  is  an  item  of  considerable  amount,  particu- 
larly where  the  timbers  have  to  be  carried  close  to  the 
bottom  of  the  shaft,  owing  to  the  dangerous  nature  of 
the  ground.  Some  shafts  are  timbered  with  logs  care- 
fully hewn,  but  this  is  usually  done  where  It  is  Im- 
possible to  obtain  sawed  timbers.  A  double  compart- 
ment shaft  on  the  Mount  Pleasant  mine,  near  Grizzly 
Plat,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal.,  Is  timbered  to  a  depth  of 
nearly  300  feet  with  timbers  12x14  inches,  which  have 
been  hewn  with  such  great  care  that  one  is  likely  to 
mistake  them  for  sawed  timber,  without  a  careful  In- 
spection. The  work  done  In  hewing  and  graining  Buch 
timbers  would  probably  bring  the  cost  to  a  figure  far 
above  the  price  a  sawmill  would  charge;  but  in  the  ab- 
sence of  the  sawmill,  the  miners  had  recourse  to  the  ax 
and  adz. 

* 

At  many  shafts  it  is  found  economy  to  make  prompt 
changes  from  ore  to  water  bucket  or  from  ore  skip  to 
water  skip.  Where  large  quantities  of  water  are  to  be 
handled  by  balling,  and  particularly  where  the  ore- 
hotstlng  compartment  is  of  necessity  used  for  this  pur- 
pose, it  Is  advisable  to  provide  large  valve  skips  or 
buckets  for  this  purpose,  and  it  Is  always  economy  to 
have  some  convenient  arrangement  to  quickly  mike  the 
change.  At  the  collars  of  vertical  shafts  thU  miy  be 
speedily  accomplished  by  building  a  semi  circular  track 
at  a  proper  height  above  the  shaft  and  near  It,  on  which 
a  traveling  block  may  move,  and  to  which  the  several 
skips  or  buckets  for  ore  or  water,  together  with  any 
extras,  may  be  suspended.  When  a  change  of  skips  or 
buckets  is  necessary,  that  in  use  in  the  Bhaft,  the  mov- 
able guides  are  swung  out  of  place,  the  Bkip  hoisted  to 
proper  position  and  made  fast  to  the  traveler  and  the 
cable  detached.  The  skip  may  then  be  run  on  the 
creBcent-shaped  track  to  the  right  or  left,  and  another 
substituted  for  it,  the  guides  replaced  and  in  a  few  min- 
utes the  hoisting  may  be  resumed.  At  inclines  two 
methods  are  employed.  Either  a  gate  is  opened  in  the 
main  track  and  the  skip  Is  run  on  a  horizontal  track  in 
the  rear  of  the  shaft,  or  a  false  track  is  thrown  across 
the  shaft  from  the  hanging  wall  side,  and  the  skip  or 
bucket  which  had  first  been  hoisted  up  into  the  head 
frame  1b  allowed  to  descend,  crossing  the  shaft  on  the 
false  track  and  running  out  onto  a  horizontal  track  and 
another  substituted  for  it.  This  is  done  by  switches  so 
arranged  as  to  make  the  skips  readily  Interchangeable. 
Economy  in  labor  and  time  should  be  studied  at  every 
mine  in  order  to  reduce  working  costs  to  a  minimum. 


148 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5, 1903. 


New  Century  Drop  Motion  Jig. 

The  jig  as  a  machine  for  concentrating  ores  has 
maintained  its  position  in  well  designed  ore  dressing 
plants  where  coarse  concentration  is  possible,  in 
spite  of  attempts  to  replace  it  with  various  other 
types  of  machines,  none  of  which  have  wholly  equaled 
it  in  capacity,  quality  of  product,  percentage  of  sav- 
ing, or  attention  required  to  operate  it.  This  state- 
ment, of  course,  refers  to  those  classes  of  ore  which 
are  susceptible  to  the  jigging  process. 

As  a  component  part  of  a  modern  concentrator,  it 
in  no  way  conflicts  with  the  legitimate  field  occupied 
by  many  of  the  excellent  tables  and  vanners  now  in 
use.  But  while  the  machinery  used  in  nearly  every 
other  department  of  concentrator  work  has  during 
the  past  twenty  years  been  undergoing  constant 
evolution,  always  toward  improvement  (as  will  be 
readily  called  to  mind  by  noting  what  vast  strides 
have  been  made  in  the  crushing  department,  in  accu- 
rate sizing  of  materials,  and  especially  in  the  treat- 
ment of  fines),  the  jig  until  recently  has  remained 
practically  what  It  was  twenty  years  ago.  Attempts 
have  been  made  to  improve  the  jig  and  overcome  ob- 
jections to  the  eccentric  motion  plunger  actuating 
mechanism  by  substituting  a  device  which  would  give 
it  the  required  differential  motion. 

The  New  Century  differential  motion  jig  is  one  of 
the  latest  developments  of  the  jigging  machine,  and 
is  not  in  any  way  a  radical  departure  from  the  ordi- 
nary jig,  but  is  designed  as  an  improvement  of  that 
machine,  in  that  the  plunger  mechanism  is  so  con- 
structed as  to  more  nearly  realize  present  require- 


all  corners  and  intersecting  joints  dovetailed  and 
rodded  down  from  the  top  through  the  sills  at  the 
bottom. 

In  place  of  the  ordinary  eccentric  on  the  shaft, 
there  is  keyed  a  steel  spiral  cam,  having  an  amount 
of  drop  somewhat  in  proportion  to  the  length  of 
stroke  under  which  the  jig  is  to  operate.  Extending 
down  over  the  shaft  and  cam  at  each  plunger  com- 
partment is  an  A-shaped  cast- 
ing, the  two  lower  lags  of 
which  are  bolted  to  the  plunger 
proper,  to  become  what  is 
known  on  the  Hartz  jig  as  the 
plunger  rod.  Above  the  cam 
in  this  casting,  with  babbitted 
axles,  is  a  3  inch  steel  roller, 
the  surface  of  which  may  come 
in  contact  with  the  revolving 
cam.  From  the  top  of  the  A- 
shaped  casting  extends  a  heavy 
stud  bolt  up  through  a  5-inch 
wrought  steel  I  beam,  which  is 
supported  by  the  iron  brackets, 
the  bases  of  which  form  the 
bearing  boxes  for  the  jig  shaft. 
Around  this  short  stud  bolt, 
and  abutting  against  the  under 
side  of  the  I  beam,  is  a  coiled 
steel  spring  with  a  nut  on  the 
stud  at  the  lower  end  of  the 
spring,  designed  to  give  the 
spring  any  desired  compression. 
Above  the  I  beam,  and  on  the 
same  stud  bolt,  is  another  nut, 
which  can  be  adjusted  up  and 
down  on  the  thread  of  the  bolt. 


may  be  made  while  the  machine  is  in  operation. 

The  construction  of  the  plunger  used  in  the  jig  is 
novel,  and  performs  an  important  part  in  the  work- 
ing of  the  jig.  Instead  of  fitting  the  compartment 
closely,  the  sides  of  the  plunger  are  cut  free  and 
slope  away  from  the  walls  of  the  jig.  On  the  sloping 
sides  of  the  plunger  is  secured  a  flap  valve  material, 
|  the  lower  edge  of  which  extends  flush  with  the  com- 


LOld  Tract  at  Cartervllle,  Mo  ,  with  Caved  Ground  and  Abandoned  Shafthouse. 


A  Prospecting  Outfit. 


Venus  Mill,  Prosperity,  Mo.,  Showing  Elevator  and    Launder  for  Tailings 


Mohawk  Mill,  Mine   Buildings  and   Dumps. 


Beasley  Mine  and  Mill,  Webb  City,  Mo  ,  Showing  Old  Caved  Ground  In  the  Foreground. 


ments,  and  in  its  method  of  removing  middlings  from 
the  ore  bed  for  regrinding  by  means  of  its  New  Cen- 
tury ore  bed  draw.  This  jig  is  now  being  introduced 
in  several  large  concentrating  plants.  In  some  re- 
cent tests  reported  made  on  a  three-compartment 
jig  on  the  silver-lead  ores  at  Park  City,  Utah,  and 
on  the  copper-iron  sulphide  ores  at  Butte,  Mont.,  it 
is  stated  that  as  compared  with  another  make  of  jigs 
it  showed  greater  capacity,  used  about  one-half  the 
water,  and  required  less  than  one-half  the  amount  of 
power,  and  making  a  higher  grade  concentrate. 

The  standard  New  Century  jig  has  compartments 
24  inches  wide  and  36  inches  long,  both  the  plunger 
and  ore  bed  compartments  being  of  the  same  size. 
The  tanks  are  made  of  Oregon  fir,  3}  inches  thick, 


As  the  shaft  revolves  and  the  cam  comes  in  con- 
tact with  the  roller,  it  raises  the  entire  plunger,  with 
its  mechanism  attached,  and  compresses  the  spring 
against  the  under  side  of  the  I  beam.  When  the 
highest  point  of  the  cam  is  reached  by  the  roller  the 
spring,  acting  with  gravity,  forces  the  entire  plunger 
mechanism  rapidly  downward  until  the  nut  on  the 
upper  end  of  the  stud  bolt  reaches  a  buffer  on  the 
top  of  the  I  beam,  when  the  movement  of  the  plunger 
is  instantly  stopped. 

The  aim  of  the  builders  is  that  by  regulating  the 
nut  on  top  of  the  I  beam  any  desired  amount  of  stroke 
can  be  obtained,  and  that  by  regulating  the  nut 
underneath  the  spring  any  desired  force  of  stroke 
can  be  obtained,  and  that  both  of  these  adjustments 


partment  walls ;  around  the  compartment  at  this 
point  is  placed  a  strip  of  enameled  sheet  steel, 
against  which  these  valves  operate. 

During  the  instant  of  quick  descension  of  the  plun- 
ger these  flap  valves  are  forced  outward  to  thor- 
oughly pack  the  space  on  all  four  sides  of  the  plun- 
ger, and  to  force  all  the  water  represented  by  the 
stroke  displacement  of  the  plunger  up  through  the 
ore  bed  ;  and  during  the  comparatively  slow  upward 
motion  of  the  plunger,  as  the  roller  moves  up  the  in- 
cline plane  of  the  cam,  the  valves  are  to  relax  and 
permit  an  easy  flow  of  water  to  the  under  side,  this 
being  designed  to  prevent  any  tendency  to  produce 
undesirable  suction  effect. 

It  is  argued  by  the  manufacturers   that  by  reason 


September  5,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


149 


of  the  peculiar  quality  of  the  stroke  obtained  by  the 
mechanism  above  described — that  is,  a  comparatively 
slow  up  motion  and  a  comparatively  quick  down 
stroke,  with  a  short  period  of  rest  between  each — 
the  required  conditions  are  realized  for  producing 
the  maximum  stratifying  effect  on  the  materials 
forming  the  mixture  of  ore  and  gangue  in  the  ore 
bed,  on  the  ground  that  the  effect  on  this  motion  is 
to  raise  it  in  suspension  during  the  down  stroke  of 
the  plunger,  and  permit  it  to  settle  and  arrange 
itself  under  the  laws  of  gravity  only,  without  the 
intervention  of  any  outside  disturbing  forces,  such  as 
suction,  etc. 

It  might  appear  that  so  short  a  stroke  would  not 
sufficiently  actuate  the  bed  and  give  it  the  necessary 
lightness  to  enable  the  various  materials  to  seek 
their  proper  level,  but  the  makers  assert  that  with 
J-inch  stroke  a  three-compartment  New  Century  jig 
will  satisfactorily  handle  forty  tons  per  day  of  mate- 
rial through  a  four  and  over  a  six-mesh  screen,  and 
do  it  with  less  than  twenty  gallons  of  water  per  min- 
ute furnished  to  the  three  plungers  combined. 

On  any  jig  when  in  operation  middlings,  especially 
if  they  be  of  the  lighter  kind,  with  gravity  approach- 
ing that  of  the  gangues  with  which  they  are  asso- 
ciated, will  not  readily  find  a  side  draw  through 
which  tbey  can  be  discharged  for  regrinding,  but 
tend  to  go  out  along  with  the  tailings  and  compel  the 
mine  owner  to  regrind  the  whole  tailings  product 
or  suffer  a  loss  in  values.  It  is  argued  that  the  only 
successful  device  for  removing  middlings  must  be  one 
which  draws  them  at  every  point  at  the  tail  end  of 
the  jig  alike,  as  much  from  the  back  corner  as  from 
the  front  or  in  the  middle.  The  New  Century  ore 
bed  draw  is  designed  to  do  this.  An  inside  independ- 
ent cast  iron  hutch  is  placed  in  the  ore  bed  compart- 
ment of  the  jig  at  the  tail  end  of  the  last  compart- 
ment. Between  the  sides  of  this  casting  and  at  the 
top  where  the  tailings  overflow  from  the  jig  is  a 
rotating  valve  made  of  a  piece  of  shafting,  usually 
1',  J  inch  in  diameter. 

Transverse  to  the  axis  of  this  valve,  and  extending 
to  its  center,  are  cut  a  series  of  grooves,  usually 
about  I  inch  wide.  The  number  of  grooves  depends 
somewhat  on  the  amount  of  material  to  be  withdrawn 
as  middlings,  but  usually  not  more  than  five  are  nec- 
essary. 

Over  the  casting  and  the  valve  is  placed  a  shield, 
over  which  the  tailings  flow  out  of  the  jig,  with  a  lip 
extending  downward  and  coming  within  close  prox- 
imity to  the  ore  bed  sieve.  Underneath  this  lip  the 
middlings  when  settled  on  the  ore  bed  can  pass  with- 
out going  out  of  their  due  course,  and  the  motion  of 
the  plunger  throws  them  over  through  the  grooves 
in  the  valve  above  mentioned,  into  the  cast  iron 
hutch,  from  which  they  pass  out  of  the  jig  through 
an  opening  provided. 

This  ore  bed  draw  can  be  placed  on  any  other  com- 
partment for  removing  coarse  concentrates  when  the 
amount  of  concentrates  being  so  removed  is  more 
than  can  be  successfully  handled  by  an  ordinary  side 
draw. 

This  jig  is  manufactured  by  the  American  Concen- 
trator Co.  of  Joplin,  Mo.,  where  probably  more  ma- 
chines of  the  jigging  type  are  used  than  in  any  other 
part  of  the  United  States,  there  being  over  500  com- 
pletely equipped  jigging  plants  within  20  miles  of 
that  city.  Several  scenes  surrounding  Joplin  are 
presented  herewith,  illustrating  the  character  of  the 
country  and  of  the  mining  plants  of  which  jigs  form 
so  important  a  part. 


Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 

NUMBER  III. 

Written  (or  the  Mininq  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  H.  Stobms. 

The  impression  that  the  mother  lode  is  a  simple  fis- 
sure is  erroneous,  excepting  in  as  far  as  has  already 
been  indicated;  but  at  Sutter  Creek  and  vicinity  just 
the  reverse  is  the  case.  From  the  Argonaut  on  the 
south  to  the  Keystone  on  the  north,  a  distance  of 
about  4  miles,  a  study  of  the  lode  is  both  interesting 
and  important,  in  view  of  the  large  production  made 
by  that  section.  The  mines  within  these  limits  have 
produced  upwards  of  $50,000,000  in  gold. 

In  and  about  Sutter  Creek  the  surface  i  exposures 
everywhere  indicate  great  disturbance  of  the  slates 
and  schists.  Folds  and  faults  are  numerous,  and  the 
underground  workings  have  also  developed  a  similar 
condition. 

The  east  branch  from  the  split  in  the  Mahoney 
passes  northward  through  the  Mahoney  and  Belmont, 
as  previously  explained,  and  it  is  probable  that  the 
veins  opened  in  the  workings  of  the  Mutual  mine,  half 
a  mile  to  the  northward,  are  on  a  portion  of  this  sys- 
tem. The  ore  in  the  Mutual  mine  is  of  a  different 
character  from  that  usually  found  on  the  lode,  con- 
taining a  large  proportion  of  arsenical  sulphide  and 
comparatively  little  pyrite.  What  becomes  of  the 
Mutual  fissure  northward  has  never  been  determined. 
It  is  not  recognized  in  any  of  the  workings  of  mines 
in  that  direction. 

The  west  branch  of  the  Mahoney  strikes  directly 
into  the  Lincoln  mine.  This  is  a  mine  worked  at  large 
profit  in  the  early  days  of  mining  on  the  lode  and  is 
said  to  have  produced  about  $1,500,000  to  a  depth  of 


350  feet.  The  vein  was  of  good  size — 10  feet  more  or 
less — and  is  said  to  have  carried  $40  per  ton.  After 
years  of  idleness,  the  property  was  reopened  and  a 
shaft  sunk  to  a  depth  of  2000  feet,  but  without  find- 
ing a  body  of  payable  ore  below  the  350-foot  level. 
An  investigation  disclosed  the  fact  that  the  vein  ex- 
tending from  the  surface  to  a  depth  of  350  feet  was 
faulted  at  that  level.  The  fault  strikes  approxi- 
mately with  the  vein  and  dips  at  a  slightly  greater 
angle  than  the  vein.  On  the  hanging  wall,  or  eastern 
side  of  the  fault  plane,  the  formation  dips  normally 
to  the  eastward,  conforming  essentially  to  the  gen- 
eral dip  of  the  country,  throughout  the  lode.  All  the 
country  to  the  west  of  the  fault  dips  westward,  in 
proximity  to  the  fault  plane,  but  gradually  assumes  a 
position  nearer  the  vertical  at  some  distance  from  it. 
A  more  perfect  example  of  a  normal  fault  could  not 
be  imagined. 

The  accompanying  sketch  (Fig.  2)  illustrates  the 
condition  as  observed  by  the  writer  in  the  Lincoln 


Fig.   2.— Sketch  Showing  Fault  in   Lincoln  Mine,   Sutter  Creek, 


mine  in  1900,  when  the  deepest  workings  were  1200 
feet  from  the  surface.  Since  then  the  shaft  has  been 
continued  to  2000  feet  and  a  large  amount  of  explora- 
tory work  done,  with  no  material  change,  and  con- 
firming generally  the  condition  as  indicated  in  the 
sketch.  Several  veins  and  small  shoots  of  ore  were 
encountered,  as  shown,  but  none  of  them  proved  of 
payable  value.  This  fault  evidently  represents  a 
large  displacement,  but  how  much  no  one  can  say. 
The  natural  inference  would  be  that  the  vein  should 
be  found  to  the  westward;  but  as  far  as  development 


now  occupied  by  the  several  veins,  was  not  suf- 
ficiently strong  to  disrupt  the  tough,  massive  dia- 
base and  died  out,  as  it  were.  The  county  road  from 
Sutter  Creek  to  Amador  City  passes  across  the  for- 
mation and  goes  well  to  the  east  of  any  known  veins, 
and  then  swings  back  to  the  westward,  recrossing 
the  upturned  strata,  and  at  the  contact  of  green- 
stone schist  and  slate,  where  the  experience  to  the 
southward  would  suggest  looking  for  it,  there  is  no 
vein  nor  fissure  of  any  description.  This  contact  has 
been  explored,  however,  and  several  pockets  dis- 
covered in  the  North  Star,  Wabash  and  Talisman 
mines. 

The  Keystone  fissure  system  consists  of  several 
veins,  in  black  slate,  and  one  large,  massive  vein  of 
gray  ore,  the  latter  nearly  150  feet  in  width  on  the 
800  level.  This  system  of  fissures  has  proven  very 
valuable  and  has  been  extensively  worked  to  a  depth 
of  1575  feet,  though  the  greater  amount  of  develop- 
ment has  been  above  the  1000-foot  level. 

A  These  fissures  pass  southward 
and  are  found  in  the  South  Spring 
Hill  mine  and  in  the  South  Key- 
stone, or  Maclntyre  mines.  They 
strike  southerly,  toward  the  town 
of  Sutter  Creek,  and  a  gulch 
indicates  their  general  course  in 
the  usual  manner.  If  the  course 
of  these  fissures,  as  indicated  in 
the  South  Keystone  property,  is 
continued  southward,  the  fis- 
sures will  pass  several  hundred 
feet  west  of  the  Lincoln  work- 
ings. The  general  system  of  veins 
of  the  Sutter  Creek  and  Amador 
City  groups  of  mines  is  indicated 
in  the  accompanying  rough 
sketch.  (Fig.  3.)  North  is  to 
the  left.  The  diabase  mass  near 
the  center  is  apparently  the  dis- 
turbing element  in  the  continuity 
of  these  two  systems.  The  heavy 
black  lines  indicate  the  veins,  the 
split  to  the  right  of  the  diabase 
area  being  in  the  Mahoney  mine. 
The  Lincoln  lies  between  the  dia- 
base and  the  forks  of  the  vein. 
The  parallel  system  of  veins  to 
the  left  is  in  the  Keystone,  South 
Spring  Hill  and  South  Keystone 
mines.  Southward  from  the 
South  Keystone  these  veins  are 
not  developed ;  but  all  indica- 
tions which  may  be  observed  on 
the  surface  and  in  shallow  devel- 
opment indicate  that  the  above 
is  approximately  the  correct  so- 
lution of  the  structural  geology 
of  this  district  and  the  disposition 
of  the  veins.  Northward  from 
the  Keystone  the  vein  syftem 
continues,  but  has  not  been  so  ex- 
tensively developed  as  to  the 
southward ;  but  conditions  are 
somewhat  similar  to  those  in  the  Keystone  proper. 
The  Bunker  Hill  mine,  about  5000  feet  north  of  the 
Keystone,  is  developed  to  a  depth  of  1400  feet  and 
has  banded  and  massive  veins,  occurring  under  con- 
ditions similar  to  those  previously  described. 

(TO  BE   CONTINUED.)        '         ,',~^      Bi'    ; 


Geologic  figures  from  the  United  States  Survey 
show  that  the  total  production  in  the  United  States 
of  crude  petroleum  in  1902J|was  80,894,590  barrels; 


ftCrtrTcHisT 


/v   v^T/   v 


Fig.  3.--Veln  System  Near  Sutter  Creek,  Cal. 


progressed,  a  vein  similar  to  that  mined  above  the 
350-foot  level  was  not  discovered. 

The  next  mine  of  prominence  north  of  the  Lincoln 
is  the  South  Spring  Hill,  and  beyond  that  the  Key- 
stone, the  latter  with  a  record  only  second  to  that  of 
the  Eureka,  in  Amador  county.  The  vein  system  of 
the  Wildman-Mahoney  and  Lincoln  mines  does  not 
extend  northward  beyond  the  Lincoln,  the  west 
branch  running  up  into  a  hill  of  diabase,  between  the 
Lincoln  and  Mutual,  and  scattering  evidently  ter- 
minates. 

All  of  the  mines  previously  described  north  of  Jack- 
son lie  at  or  near  the  contact  of .  amphibolite  schist 
and  black  clay  slate;  but  these  conditions  change  at 
the  north  end  of  the  Lincoln.  It  looks  as  though  the 
stress  which  caused  the  formation  of  the  fissures, 


69,389,194  barrels  in  1901— an  increase  of  11,505,396 
barrels,  or  16.5%  over  that  of  1901  and  of  27%  over 
that  of  1900.  The  greatest  portion  of  the  increase 
in  1902  came  from  Texas  and  California,  the  gain  be- 
ing 5,830,994  barrels,  or  132.7%,  for  Texas  and 
5,187,518  barrels,  or  59%,  for  California,  as  compared 
with  their  respective  productions  in  1901.  The  value 
of  the  crude  petroleum  produced  in  1902  was 
$69,610,384,  or  86  cents  per  barrel,  that  for  1901 
having  been  $66,417,335,  or  95.7  cents  per  barrel— a 
decrease  of  9.7  cents  per  barrel,  or  10%  in  1902.  The 
gross  amount  received  for  the  total  product  in  1902 
was  only  $3,193,013  greater  than  that  in  1901,  al- 
though the  increase  in  output  was  about  16.5% 
greater.  The  average  price  paid  for  what  is  known 
as  Pennsylvania  petroleum,  which  comprises  nearly 


150 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1903. 


95%  of  the  production  of  the  Appalachian  field,  was 
$1.2375  per  barrel  in  1902,  that  for  1901  having  been 
$1.21 — a  gain  of  nearly  3  cents  per  barrel.  There 
was  also  a  gain  of  nearly  4  cents  per  barrel  in  the 
price  of  the  Lima-Indiana  petroleum  in  1902  over 
1901.  California  petroleum  decreased  21.8  cents  per 
barrel  in  1902  as  compared  with  1901,  and  Texas  pe- 
troleum decreased  4  55  cents  per  barrel. 


A  New  Reduction  Process. 

Written  for  tne  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  O.  B.  Dawson. 

There  will  shortly  be  placed  upon  the  market  a 
new  furnace,  to  be  operated  under  an  economy  of 
labor,  time  and  fuel,  for  the  purpose  of  reducing  min- 
erals in  the  gangue  to  a  metallic,  spongy  condition, 
and  by  the  elevation  of  the  temperature,  concentrate 
the  metal  into  approximately  globular,  shot-like 
masses. 

This  differs  radically  from  the  process  which  in- 
volves the  three  operations  of  roasting,  smelting  and 
bessemerizing,  and  is  designed  to  be  accomplished 
by  the  agency  of  hydrogen  reduction.  Through  slow 
roasting,  by  present  processes,  sulphides  are  con- 
verted into  oxides,  from  which  matte  is  made  by 
smelting.  The  further  treatment  of  the  matte  by 
bessemerizing  is  essential  to  reduce  it  to  a  metallic 
state.  This  operation  is  intended  to  bring  about  a 
complete  reduction  of  the  metal  under  a  temperature 
slightly  above  the  beginning  of  incandescence.  Pat- 
ents are  issued  covering  this  process  and  the  furnace, 
both  in  America  and  foreign  countries. 

The  intent  is  to  exclude  the  air  and  introduce  a 
practically  pure  hydrogen  gas  for  taking  off  all  oxy- 
gen not  so  required,  so  as  to  prevent  the  formation 
of  metallic  salts,  such  as  oxides,  carbonates,  chlo- 
rides, sulphides,  etc.,  and  hydrogenize  the  elements 
naturally  combined  with  and  extracted  from  the 
metals.     The  ore  in  its  natural  state  and  without 


metallic  state,  the  hydrogen  gas  combining  with  all 
the  sulphur,  oxygen  and  other  gases  or  metalloids 
given  off  by  the  minerals.  It  will  be  understood, 
therefore,  that  oxides  and  carbonates  will  not  be 
formed.  The  amount  of  hydrogen  gas  present  being 
in  excess  of  that  required  for  combining  with  and 
carrying  off  the  gases  mentioned,  enters  into  the 
cellular  gangue  and  thereby  freely  acts  upon  the 
minerals,  reducing  them  and  keeping  them  in  a 
metallic,  spongy  condition.  The  gangue  is  thus  made 
cellular  by  reason  of  the  withdrawal  and  consumption 
of  the  gases  naturaUy  and  previously  combined  with 
the  minerals. 

In  the  Bullion  mountains,  San  Bernardino  county, 
Cal.,  the  process  will  shortly  be  given  a  thorough 
and  complete  field  test,  which  is  expected  to  demon- 
strate the  practicability  of  this  furnace  under  usual 
conditions  of  mining  reduction,  and  the  treating  of 
sulphides  and  carbonate  ores.  This  plant,  which  was 
erected  by  Lewellyn  Bros,  and  the  Lacy  Mfg.  Co.  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  approximately  a  50- ton  plant, 
and  will  be  in  operation  in  September.  It  is  near  the 
center  of  the  Lava  Bed  mining  district. 

An  experimental  plant  of  approximately  five  tons 
a  day  has  been  in  operation  in  New  York  City  for 
about  eight  months  in  reduction  works  first  estab- 
lished at  Caldwell,  N.  J.,  and  has  been  re-erected  in 
New  York  City  on  a  somewhat  larger  scale,  where 
ores  are  being  successfully  treated  from  several 
mining  sections  of  this  country.  Sulphides,  carbon- 
ates and  chlorides  have  been  most  generally  treated. 

The  inception  of  this  process  came  about  by  the 
request  of  a  prominent  manufacturer  of  gold  foil  to 
produce  a  spongy  condition  of  pure  gold,  of  such 
form  and  consistency  that  it  would  be  malleable  and 
weld  easily  by  reason  of  its  absolute  purity.  This 
was  first  undertaken  a  number  of  years  ago,  and 
after  the  process  was  formulated,  a  furnace  was  de- 
vised to  carry  it  out  on  a  commercial  scale.  The  re- 
duction and  concentrating  furnace  herein  described 


The  Dawson  Reduction  Furnace. 


any  flux  is  passed  through  a  reducing  chamber  where 
it  is  subjected  to  a  degree  of  heat  about  equal  to  that 
of  the  beginning  of  incandescence,  that  is,  about  1000° 
F.,  the  heat  being  applied  externally.  While  the  ore 
is  thus  being  heated  in  the  reducing  chamber  in  the 
presence  of  the  products  of  combustion  arising  from 
the  externally  applied  heat,  which  products  inter- 
mingle with  the  ore,  substantially  pure  hydrogen  gas 
is  introduced  for  the  purpose  of  combining  with  the 
sulphur  the  oxygen  and  other  metalloids  present  in 
the  minerals.  The  amount  of  hydrogen  must  be 
slightly  in  excess  of  the  amount  necessary  to  com- 
bine with  these  metalloids,  so  that  if  oxygen  should 
enter  with  the  products  of  combustion  it  will  combine 
with  the  hydrogen  gas,  preventing  the  formation  of 
oxides.  The  hydrogen  has  a  stronger  affinity  for 
oxygen  than  has  the  metals,  and  it  will  also  take 
from  carbon  dioxide  part  of  its  oxygen,  thereby 
forming  a  reducing  gas  and  at  the  same  time  pre- 
vent the  formation  of  metallic  carbonates,  etc.  The 
gases  thus  being  driven  off  by  combining  with  the 
hydrogen,  the  gangue  becomes  cellular,  permitting 
the  hydrogen  gases  to  readily  and  effectively  com- 
mingle with  the  minerals  and  thereby  reduce  them  to 
a  metallic,  spongy  condition.  Because  of  the  excess 
in  the  supply  of  hydrogen  gas,  there  is  always  suffi- 
cient present  to  maintain  the  metals  in  this  metallic 
condition. 

While  still  heated  and  in  the  condition  mentioned 
the  metals  pass  into  a  practically  air-tight  concen- 
trating chamber  still  in  the  presence  of  hydrogen, 
where  they  are  subjected  to  a  higher  degree  of  heat 
than  that  required  in  the  reducing  chamber.  The 
metals,  being  thus  fused,  collect  In  approximately 
globular  masses  within  the  gangue,  after  the  form  of 
shot  or  nuggets,  and  may  subsequently  be  readily 
removed  from  the  fragile  gangue  by  crushing. 

Of  course,  owing  to  the  necessity  of  the  presence 
of  oxygen  for  the  promotion  of  the  combustion  neces- 
sary to  effect  the  heating  of  the  ores  in  the  reducing 
chamber,  a  certain  amount  of  CO  and  CO2  will  have 
a  tendency  to  intermingle  with  the  ores,  but  by  rea- 
son of  the  excessive  supply  of  hydrogen  gas  no  oxides 
can  be  produced.    All  of  the  mineral  is  reduced  to  a 


is    the    outcome    of   years    of    experimental    work. 

By  experiment,  silver  chloride  has  been  found  to 
be  the  easiest  of  all  minerals  reducible  to  a  metallic 
state.  Next,  perhaps,  comes  iron  oxide,  and  follow- 
ing this  are  the  carbonates  and  oxides  of  copper. 
The  sulphides  of  copper  require  a  somewhat  longer 
time  and  slightly  higher  temperature. 

The  secret  of  the  process  is  the  practical  exclusion 
of  air,  the  maintenance  of  an  approximate  temper- 
ature of  1000°,  and  the  presence  of  an  excessive 
amount  of  hydrogen  throughout  the  entire  act  of  re- 
duction and  concentration.  The  hydrogen  prevents 
the  formation  of  metallic  salts  and  permits  the  metal 
to  remain  in  a  metallic  state  after  its  reduction. 
After  the  reduction  the  metal  passes  into  a  supple- 
mentary chamber  still  under  the  action  of  hydrogen, 
the  temperature  is  increased  several  hundred  de- 
grees, the  metal  melts  and  collects  into  globular 
masses  within  the  coke-like  gangue.  At  no  time  is 
liquid  slag  formed.  The  gangue  is  then  automatic- 
ally dumped  from  the  receptacle  at  the  base  of  the 
secondary  furnace  and  when  cold  passed  between 
rollers.  This  resultant  is  a  very  fragile,  coke-like 
matter  containing  the  little  particles  of  metal.  This 
can  be  readily  separated  by  any  of  the  standard  me- 
chanical separators  in  general  use.  It  is  believed 
that  the  process  is  one  which  saves  time  and  labor 
cost,  and  one  that  can  be  operated  at  a  great  reduc- 
tion in  fuel  expense,  and  that  by  its  use  much  lower 
grade  ores  can  be  successfully  worked.  Some  of  the 
tailings  now  considered  of  little  value  can  pass 
through  the  reduction  chamber  of  this  furnace  at  a 
considerable  margin  of  profit. 

As  will  be  noticed  by  reference  to  the  engraving 
herewith,  the  furnace  is  hopper-fed,  and  can  be 
dumped  at  intervals  without  in  any  way  interrupting 
the  feed  or  the  continuous  process  of  reduction. 

If  desirable  several  reduction  chambers  can  be 
installed  within  the  same  combustion  chamber.  This 
will  in  no  way  change  the  process  or  render  it  less 
effective,  resulting  only  in  an  increase  of  capacity. 

In  cost  the  installation  of  the  process  is  compara- 
tively slight.  The  installation  of  a  50-ton  plant  would 
cost  approximately  $10,000,  and  larger  plants  could 


be    Installed    at    a    cost    smaller    proportionately. 

One  of  the  strongest  features,  from  the  miner's 
standpoint,  is  that  all  that  is  essential  to  the 
successful  operation  of  this  furnace  in  the  way 
of  fuel  is  charcoal,  which  can  readily  be  pro- 
duced at  almost  any  camp,  or  crude  oil,  if  the 
latter  is  more  easily  obtainable.  No  matter 
how  inaccessible  the  mining  plant  may  be  to  coal 
delivery,  the  question  of  transportation  or  inaccessi- 
bility of  freight  will  thus  be  largely  eliminated.  By 
the  use  of  wood  the  gas  may  be  produced,  both  for 
fuel  and  reduction  purposes,  at  a  cost  which  makes 
it  attractive  to  the  furnace  operator.  Of  course,  if 
coal  or  coke  are  readily  obtainable  at  a  reasonable 
cost,  they  may  be  used  with  equal  facility. 


Gold  Mines  of  San  Diego  County,  Cal.* 

Any  one  who  has  not  traversed  the  west  half  of 
America  finds  it  difficult  to  form  a  just  idea  of  its  vast- 
ness  of  extent  and  variety  of  mineral  wealth.  Any 
one  of  the  mining  States  of  the  American  Union,  of 
the  Provinces  of  British  America,  or  of  the  States  of 
the  Mexican  Republic,  has  tremendous  area  of  min- 
eral ground  that  justifies  most  extended  notice. 
Nearly  every  part  of  this  great  region  has  received 
illustrated  notice  herein  through  the  43  years  of 
this  journal's  existence,  but  necessarily  in  a  de- 
sultory way.  Last  week's  issue  contained  notices  of 
some  "Southern  California  "  mines,  viz.,  on  the  des- 
ert, in  Kern  county.  On  the  front  page  of  this  issue 
appear  some  illustrations  of  typical  gold  mines  still 
farther  south,  yet  in  California;  for,  like  several  of  its 
sister  States,  California  is  a  commonwealth  of  enor- 
mous extent.  For  instance,  the  California  gold  mines 
illustrated  in  this  week's  issue  are  in  one  county — San 
Diego — (there  are  57  counties  in  California)  and, 
though  in  the  same  county,  these  mines  are  some  of 
them  nearly  200  miles  apart. 

To  Mr.  R.  S.  Baverstoek  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  we 
are  indebted  for  the  photos  and  notes  concerning  the 
mines  in  the  extreme  eastern  part  of  San  Diego 
county,  and  close  to  the  Colorado  river.  Figs.  1,  2 
and  3  represent  these  mines.  Fig.  1  shows  what  com- 
prised till  recently  the  largest  number  of  stamps  un- 
der one  roof  in  California,  it  being  a  view  of  the 
100-stamp  mill  looking  north,  with  the  hoist  and 
track  on  the  left  of  the  Queen  mine.  Just  back  of  the 
writer  is  the  famous  "Glory  Hole,"  from  which  hun- 
dreds of  thousands  of  tons  of  low-grade  ore  have  been 
milled. 

Fig.  2  represents  a  view  looking  south,  and  showing 
in  the  distance  the  100  stamp  mill  of  the  Golden 
Cross,  and  on  the  left  of  It  the  big  mass  of  tailings 
which  are  being  worked  by  cyanide.  This  bank  fills 
up  a  valley  about  half  a  mile  in  width,  and  in  many 
places  30  to  40  feet  deep.  On  the  right  of  the  picture 
is  the  precipitation  plant,  and  in  the  foreground  are 
seen  the  cars  filled  with  tailings,  waiting  to  be  hauled 
up  the  incline  and  discharged  into  the  500-ton  vats, 
of  which  there  are  five.  The  old  40-stamp  mill  does 
not  show  in  the  picture,  but  is  just  on  the  left  of  it. 
The  cyanide  plant  is  being  successfully  operated  by 
Manager  Barker,  who  is  making  sufficient  profit  out 
of  $1  tailings  to  put  the  property  in  good  shape,  and 
this  with  water  pumped  14  miles.  No  effort  is  being 
made  at  present  to  operate  the  stamp  mill. 

Fig.  3  represents  the  American  Girl  mine  looking 
west,  showing  the  mill,  cyanide  plant  and  hoist,  and, 
beyond,  the  shaft  house  of  the  Randolph  mine.  This 
plant  is  not  at  present  being  operated.  The  mine  is 
developed  to  a  depth  of  about  700  feet  on  the  incline, 
and  large  bodies  of  ore  have  been  blocked  out ;  but, 
owing  to  change  of  character,  the  owners  are  consid- 
ering the  equipment  of  a  plant  suited  to  the  ore  and 
installing  a  water  supply  sufficient  for  handling  250 
tons  daily.  There  are  up  to  date  over  2  miles  of  un- 
derground workings  in  the  mine,  and,  beside  this 
property,  another  one  on  the  same  ledge  east  has  a 
large  amount  of  ore  blocked. 

Fig.  4  shows  the  old  Stonewall  mine,  on  the  Cuya- 
maca  grant,  east  of  the  city  of  San  Diego  about  60 
miles.  This  mine  was  famous  under  the  administra- 
tion of  Governor  Waterman  of  California.  The  shaft 
is  about  600  feet  deep.  The  mine  has  a  20-stamp  mill 
and  is  being  reopened  by  S.  W.  Lucas  and  Boston 
men,  who  have  not  only  acquired  the  mine,  but  the 
grant,  which  Is  one  of  the  finest  cattle  ranges  in 
southern  California.  It  consists  of  about  20,000  acres 
and  embraces  Cuyamaca  Peak,  the  highest  point  in 
that  section,  and  thousands  of  acres  of  pine,  cedar, 
oak  and  other  timber.  The  mill  is  being  started  up 
on  the  old  dump,  which  consists  of  thousands  of  tons 
of  low-grade  ore,  which  with  modern  milling  methods 
will  show  a  profit.  In  the  meantime  the  work  of  un- 
watering  the  deep  shaft  has  begun. 

There  is  much  activity  in  the  Julian  mines  ;  nearly 
all  the  old  properties  are  being  reopened  and  put  io 
good  working  order.  Julian  and  Banner  are  the  old- 
est gold  camps  in  southern  California,  mines  there 
having  been  in  constant  operation  almost  35  years. 

Fig.  5  shows  the  hoist  and  mill  of  the  Helvetia 
mine,  near  Julian,  which  is  in  active  operation,  and 
now  producing  ore  that  is  reported  to  carry  high 
values  in  telluride.  Fig.  6  represents  the  old  Gold 
King  mine  and  mill  at  Banner,  where  it,  the  Golden 
Chariot  and  others  have  shared  the  fluctuating 
fortunes  characteristic  of  so  many  California  camps. 

*See  Illustrations  front  page. 


September  5,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


151 


Bituminous    Rock    in 
California. 

Bituminous  sand- 
stone in  California  is 
usually  in  Tertiary 
form,  the  stratified 
ledges  being  overlaid 
by  chalk  rock,  or 
com  pressed  silt, 
which,  being  remov- 
ed, holes  from  8  to  12 
feet  deep  are  bored, 
and  after  being 
sprung  with  dyna- 
mite are  blasted  with 
black  powder.  The 
rock  is  made  up  of 
finely  divided  sand, 
each  grain  of  which 
is  surrounded  by  a 
miniature  encase- 
ment of  bitumen. 
That  containing  about 
16%  of  bitumen  free 
from  oil  is  iD  greatest 
commercial  demand, 
though  the  residual 
asphalt  from  the 
Kern,  Cal.,  oil  re- 
fineries is  a  present 
competitor  of  the  min- 
ing of  bitumen  in 
California.  The  oil 
measures  of  California 
are  but  another  form 
of  the  same  thing.  In 
the  case  of  bituminous 
rock  the  oil  passed 
upward  from  the 
horizon  in  which  it 
was  generated,  im- 
pregnating the  soft, 
loose  sandstone.  In 
places  the  oil  issues 
from  the  shales,  form- 
ing a  surface  accu- 
mulation; where  over- 
lain by  sandstone  it 
percolates  there- 
through,   and  in  the 

course  of  ages  has  formed  extensive  masses  of 
bituminous  rock.  This  naturally  mixed  compound 
was  in  extensive  use  when  manufactured  for  street 
paving  purposes,  but  the  residual  asphalt  from 
southern  California  has  of  late  years  proved  an  ac- 
tive competitor  for  popular   favor.     The   engravings 


Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  Bitumen  Mine  No.  h  Medium  Rock. 


herewith  are  of  two  bitumen  mines  about  9  miles 
west  of  the  Pacific  ocean,  3  miles  from  the  city  of 
Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  at  an  altitude  of  800  feet. 

The  term  "  bituminous  rock  "  is  usually  applied  to 
a  stratified  sandstone  thoroughly  impregnated,  as  is 
the  rock  depicted  herewith  by  heavy  oil.     When  fresh 


Santa  Cruz,  Cal.,  Bitumen  Mine  No.  2;  Soft  Rock. 


it  is  a  black  plastic  tough  mass;  when  dried  it  as- 
sumes a  brownish  color  and  disintegrates.  The  term 
asphaltum  is  ordinarily  applied  to  the  solid  or  vi  cous 
residue  left  upon  the  evaporation  of  the  volatile  con- 
stituents of  a  heavy  oil.  The  group  of  rocks  in  the 
California  Coast  range,  wherein  these  oil  shales  are 

mostly  found,  is  char- 
acterized by  consider- 
able  thickness  of 
siliceous  or  flinty 
shales,  with  some  of 
calcareous  origin, 
which  in  their  un- 
altered condition  in 
many  places  appear 
to  be  made  up  of  the 
remains  of  micro- 
scopic sea  animals. 
The  oil  distilled  from 
these  shales  is  of  dif- 
ferent  density;  in 
some  places  the  con- 
ditions have  favored 
its  preservation  as  a 
light  volatile  oil  with 
no  solid  base ;  in 
others,  as  in  the 
vicinityof  Santa  Cruz, 
the  product  remain- 
ing as  a  thick  dark  oil 
with  a  large  percent- 
age of  asphaltum. 
Chemical  action  is  go- 
ing on  in  some  por- 
tions of  these  deeply 
buried  shales  all  along 
the  California  Cpast 
range,  as  is  evidenced 
by  the  cold  and  warm 
sulphur  springs  so  nu- 
merous, and  the  fact 
that  oil  is  often  as- 
sociated with  such 
formation  leads  to  the 
conclusion  that  it  is 
still  being  generated, 
and  that  the  gas  and 
flowing  water  forces 
it  upward.  In  many 
places  the  process  of 
impregnation  of  bitu- 
minous rock  is  still 
going  on.  Great 
quarries  of  this  de- 
posit have  been  work- 
ed in  several  sections 
for  the  last  twenty 
years. 


152 


Minimg  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1903. 


Notes  on  the  iletallurgy  of  Copper 
of  flontana.* 

NUMBER  VI. 
Written  by  H.  O.  HoraiAK. 

Smelting  Orbs  in  the  Reverberatort  Matting 
Furnace. — The  leading  facts  of  the  reverberatory 
furnace  practice  are  brought  together  in  the  follow- 
ing table: 


heat  more  effectively  and  smelt  a  larger  amount  of 
charge  per  unit  of  fuel  consumption  than  with  the  old 
form.  While  at  Argo,  Colo.,  the  reverberatory  matt- 
ing furnace  of  1878  had  a  hearth  area  of  105  square 
feet  with  a  ratio  of  hearth  to  grate  area  as  4.66  :  1, 
in  1894  the  hearth  area  had  been  increased  to  481 
square  feet  and  the  ratio  to  grate  area  decreased  to 
15.03  :  1.  At  present  the  Montana  furnaces  reach 
in  round  figures  a  hearth  area  of  880  square  feet, 
with  hearths  50  feet  loDg  and  20  feet  wide  (in  the 
middle  section,  Fig.  2);  the  ratio  of  heart  to  grate 


EXAMPLES  OP  MONTANA  REVERBERATORY  FURNACE  SMELTING. 


Length  of  hearth 

Length,  a,  of  bridge  section* 

Length,  b,  of  middle  section 

Length,  c,  of  flue  section* 

Width,  d,  of  hearth  at  bridge* 

Width,  e,  of  hearth  at  middle* 

Width,  f ,  of  hearth  at  flue* 

Hearth  area,  square  feet 

Hearth,  thickness 

Length  of  grate 

Width  of  grate 

Depth  of  grate  below  top  of  bridge  at 

bridge 

Depth  of  grate  at  opposite  end 

Grate  area,  square  feet 

Ratio,  hearth  :  grate  area 

Height  of  roof  above  bridge 

Height  of  roof  above  hearth  at  bridge 
Height  of  roof  above  hearth  at  flue 


Width  of  bridge 

Size  of  flue  at  vulcatory. 


Size  of  flue  leading  to  chimney. 

Chimney,  inside  diameter 

Chimney,  height 


Charge,  weight,  tons 

Charge,  time  of  melting,  hours 

Charge,  tons  in  24  hours 

Charge,  tons  per  square  foot  hearth  in 

24  hours 

Rate  of  concentration 

Fuel,  bituminous  coal,  manner  of  firing 

Per  cent  ash 

Per  cent  fixed  carbon 

Tons  charge  :  1  ton  coal 

Labor  in  8-hour  shift  § 

Matte,  Cu ,,...,. 

Ag.  0Z8.  per  ton 

An.  $  per  ton 

Spec,  gr 

Si02 

Pe(MD)0 

A1203 

ZnO 

CaO 

Cu 

Ag 

Spec,  gr 


Slag, 


60  feet. 

6  feet. 
28  feet. 
16  feet. 
10  feet. 
20  feet. 

4  feet. 

842 

22  inches. 

10  feet. 

5  feet  5i  in 

1  foot  10  in 

1  foot  2  in. 

53.9 
15.6 

2  feet  7  in. 

4  feet  8  in. 

2  feet  1£  in 

3  feet  0  in. 

6  ft.  x  30  in. 

30  in. x 48  in 

5  feet  6  in. 

70  feet. 

25 

5 

112  5 

0.129 

5.7:1 

Direct. 

8.9 

51.9 

3.05 

2+2 

53.8 

45 


36.8 

51.9 

8.4 


1.1 

0.75 

0.45 


50  feet. 

6  feet. 
32  feet. 
12  feet. 
10  feet. 
20  feet. 

6  feet. 

886 

24  inches. 

10  feet 

5  feet  4  in. 

2  feet  9J  in. 
2  feet  6J-  in. 

53.3 

16.6 

2  feet  6J  in. 

4  feet  4  in. 

2  feet  10  in 

3  feet  5J  in 
6  ft.  x  30  in 

30  in.  x  30  in 

6  feet  3  in. 


15 

105 

0.118' 

4.7  :  1 

Direct. 

15.0 

44.5 

3  :1 

2+2 

48.3 

35 


4.8 

42.8 

47.31 

7.5-8.0 


1.2 

0.40 
0.30 
3.58 


49  feet  6  in 

4  feet  6  in. 
32  feet. 

13  feet  0  in 

10  feet  9  in 

20  feet  2  in 

4  feet. 

878 

19  inches. 

7  feet. 

5  feet  6  in. 

2  feet  4  in. 
1  feet  4  in. 

53.0 

16.5 

2  feet  10  in 

4  feet  4  in. 

3  feet  0  in. 

3  feet  Oin. 
5  ft.  x  30  in. 

28  in.  x  30  in. 

6  feet  0  in. 
70  feet. 

24 

90 

.102 

7.56  :  1 

Direct. 

14.85 

44.5 

4  :  1 

2+2J 

50 

100 


in 


34.6 

43.0 

8.5 

14.0 


0.60 
1.0 


50  feet 
6  feet 
32  feet 
12  feet 
10  feet  9 
20  feet. 

4  feet. 
878 

20  inches. 
10  feet  9  in 

5  feet. 


2  feet  8  in. 
2  feet  2  in. 

53.75 

16.3 

2  feet  Si  in 

4  feet  8  in. 

2  feet  2  in. 

3  feet  Oin. 
6  ft.  x  30  in 

30  in. x 30  in 

6  feet  1  inch. 
75  feet  3J  in. 

18 
4| 
907 

0.102 

5  :1 

Direct. 

5.0 

55.0 

2.81  :  1 

2i+ijt 

50 
66 

2(?) 


42  feet  6  in. 
42  feet  6  in  t 
42  feet  6  in  t 
42  feet  6  in.  t 
15  feet  9  in. 
15  feet  9  in. 
15  feet  9  in. 
688 
28  inches. 

1 

u  ■  p> 

<D  u  s- 

O  -  <D  tD    2 

.n  °3  ©  — .  g 

£      a  a  2 
O,     «     g 

24  inches. 
7  feet  Oin. 


37  feet. 


16  feet. 


8  feet  0  In. 

14  feet  6  in. 

5  feet  0  in. 


22  inches. 
8  feet. 
6  feet. 

3  feet  Oin. 

""48.0*" 


42  in.  diam 
at  each  end. 


38.6. 

51.4 

1.5 


3.3 

0.40 
0.40 


4  feet  1J  in 


35 

6 

160 

0.218 

3J  :1 

Prod,  ga 

17.0-30.1 

45.0 

2:  1 

t 

50 
20 


2  feet  0  in. 

4  feet  10 in. 

24  ft.  4  in.  to 

2  ft.  8  in. 


36  in.  x  6  ft. 

6  in.  to  7  in. 

30 in.  x  36  in. 

4  ft.  6  in  x  4 
ft.  6  in. 
80  feet. 

13 

70 


4.77 
41.9 
42.7 
10.9 


1.1 

0.58 


3  54 


5:1 

Direct. 
7-10 
50-52 

2.5:  1 

2H-1J 

55 


49 
32-36 


0.65 


*  See  Pig.  2. 

tThe  hearth  has  the  form  of  a  rectangle. 

I  Not  comparable  in  this  manner  on  account  of  gas  producers. 

§  The  first  figure  represents  the  regular  crew,  the  second  the  auxiliary  labor. 


The  characteristics  of  the  Montana  reverberatory 
matting  furnaces  are  the  form  of  hearth  and  the 
greatness  of  its  area.  While  as  late  as  1891  the 
hearth  had  the  usual  pear-shaped  form  of  the  orig- 
inal Welsh  furnace  (Fig.  1),  a  radical  change  was  in- 

Fio.  1. 


augurated  by  making  the  hearth  oblong,  tapering 
very  quickly  toward  the  bridge,  but  less  so  toward 
the  flue  (Fig.  2).     The  result  was  an  enlarged  hearth 

Fig.  2. 


area  served  by  the  same  grate  area  which,  on  ac- 
count of  the  free  development  of  the   flame,   could 

•Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mln.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


area  differs,  however,  only  slightly  from  the  Argo 
standard  of  1894.  Such  a  furnace  treats  105  tons  of 
charge  in  twenty-four  hours,  producing  50%  matte 
with  a  concentration  of  3  to  4  into  1.  These  large 
furnaces  have  many  advantages  over  the  smaller 
ones  besides  the  greater  capacity.  The  sides  are 
less  readily  corroded  by  the  slag  (claying  every 
twelve  days  versus  every  three  days),  as  for  a  given 
amount  of  matte  less  surface  is  exposed  to  the  slag; 
there  is  less  variation  in  temperature  on  account  of 
the  greater  reservoir  of  heat,  which  lengthens  the 
life  of  the  brick;. the  layer  of  slag  is  thinner,  which 
allows  quicker  heating  and  causes  less  foaming  when 
the  charge  is  dropped  from  the  hoppers;  and  the 
level  of  the  matte  remains  more  constant. 

Fuel. — The  fuel  used  is  bituminous  coal  of  various 
grades  from  Montana,  Wyoming  and  Utah. 

Most  furnaces  are  direct  fired.  Some  furnaces  are 
worked  with  natural  draft,  but  the  majority  have 
under-grate  blast.  In  one  instance  the  original  fire- 
box has  been  changed  to  receive  a  gas  producer, 
with  satisfactory  results  as  to  saving 
of  fuel  and  to  shortening  of  the  time 
required  for  melting.  This  latter  is 
due  to  the  fact  that  the  ordinary 
grate  has  to  be  cleaned  every  four 
hours,  while  the  grate  of  the  pro- 
ducer requires  attention  only  once 
in  twenty-four  hours.  On  account 
of  structural  difficulties  the  producer 
had  to  be  given  up.  In  many  fur- 
naces air  is  admitted  through  the 
roof  above  the  fire  bridge  in  order 
to  secure  a  better  combustion  and 
thereby  save  fuel.  The  air  travels 
through  the  vault  underneath  the 
furnace,  rises  some  distance  in  two 
corners  of  the  stack  (square  on  the  outside,  circular 
on  the  inside),  descends  in  the  others,  returns  under- 
neath the  hearth  through  three  or  four  horizontal 


channels  on  either  side  of  the  vault,  rises  in  corre- 
sponding vertical  boxes  near  the  bridge,  enters  both 
sides  of  an  air  chamber  on  the  roof  above  the  bridge 
and  descends  through  slots  into  the  fire-bridge  flue. 
There  is  some  doubt  prevalent  as  to  the  efficiency  of 
this  superheating.  With  most  furnaces  the  heat  of 
the  flame  passing  out  of  the  furnace  goes  to  waste. 
The  main  difficulty  lies  in  the  fact  that,  in  order  to 
roast  successfully  in  a  reverberatory  furnace,  it  is 
essential  to  have  a  steady  even  temperature  at  the 
fire  bridge,  and  with  a  reverberatory  matting  fur- 
nace, charged  and  discharged  at  intervals,  this  is  not 
easily  obtained,  if  it  can  be  managed  at  all.  In  order 
to  utilize  the  waste  heat,  one  Montana  plant  has  at- 
tached a  300  H.  P.  boiler,  to  one  of  its  50  by  20  foot 
furnaces.  While  an  attempt  of  this  kind  in  an  East- 
ern refinery  had  proved  a  failure,  owing  to  the  dimin- 
ished melting  power  caused  by  the  reduced  force  of 
the  draught,  here  it  proved  a  success,  the  furnace 
with  boiler  doing  better  work  than  the  neighboring 
furnace,  the  gases  of  which  went  directly  into  the 
main  flue  connected  with  the  stack.  The  cause  of 
this,  at  first,  paradoxical  result  was  found  to  lie  in 
the  fact  that  the  furnaces  were  blessed  with  a  strong 
draught  which  drew  the  flames  from  the  fireplace 
(worked  with  under-grate  blast)  too  quickly  through 
the  furnaces.  By  introducing  the  necessary  damp- 
ers to  check  the  draught,  the  work  of  the  furnaces 
without  appended  boilers  was  brought  up  to  that 
having  a  boiler. 

One  plant  only  has  reverberatory  matting  furnaces 
with  regenerative  chambers,  similar  to  the  open 
hearth  steel  furnaces  with  stationary  hearths.  Tilt- 
ing furnaces  (hearths  13  by  16  feet  with  176  square 
feet  area),  similar  to  the  Campbell  open  hearth  steel 
furnace,  which  were  built  in  1890  and  1892,  were 
abandoned  on  account  of  their  small  capacity  and  be- 
cause of  the  fact  that  it  was  impossible,  in  pouring 
off  the  slag,  to  control  the  flow  in  such  a  manner  as 
to  prevent  matte  from  passing  over.  Small  amounts 
of  matte  in  a  large  mass  of  slag  cannot  be  distin- 
guished by  the  eye.  These  furnaces  were  run,  how- 
ever, for  several  years  as  stationary  furnaces,  being 
gradually  replaced  by  furnaces  of  larger  size.  The 
gas  producer  used  is  15  feet  high,  has  a  7-foot  bosh 
and  a  throat  7  feet  4  inches  in  diameter.  The  pro- 
ducer gasifies  from  10  to  12.5  tons  coal  in  twenty- 
four  hours,  the  top  making  one  revolution  in  three 
minutes. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Application  of  Water  in  Rock  Drilling. 

At  the  convention  of  the  California  Miners'  Asso- 
ciation in  November,  1902,  H.  P.  Stow  read  a  paper 
on  "  Compressed  Air  Machine  Drilling,"  in  which  he 
described  the  use  of  water  in  drilling  holes  at  the 
Gold  Bank  mine  at  Forbestown,  Cal.,  stating  as  fol- 
lows:   "Water   is  used  for  drilling  all  holes,  unless 


Portable  Drilling  Outfit. 

possibly  the  very  steep  'uppers, '  and  increases  the 
efficiency  of  the  drill  as  high  as  50%.  Water  was 
used  under  pressure  even  when  pumping  water  from 
the  mine,  tapping  the  pump  column,  and  in  the  upper 


September  5    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


153 


levels,  where  the  pressure  was  not  sufficient,  it  was 
brought  from  the  surface.  The  following  test  was 
made: 

"  Three  rounds  were  drilled  hy  the  same  miner, 
using  a  21-inch  drill,  drilling  the  same  number  of 
hours,  size,  and  as  near  as  possible  the  holes  were  of 
the  same  kind.  Two  of  the  rounds  were  drilled  with- 
out taking  down  the  bar,  and  the  third  was  put  in 
alongside  of  the  other  two.  He  drilled  one  round 
without  water,  one  with  water,  bailing  from  a  bucket, 
the  usual  method;  and  the  third  with  water  under 
pressure  in  a  hose.  Without  water  he  drilled  32  feet, 
using  thirty-eight  drills;  with  water  by  bailing,  41} 
feet,  using  thirty-three  drills;  and  with  water  from 
the  hose,  52  feet,  using  thirty-seven  drills — that  is,  a 

fain  of  30%  depth  of  holes,  and  50%  gain  of  feet  per 
rill,  with  bailing  over  drilling  dry;  a  gain  of  62*%  of 
depth  of  holes  and  66§%  gain  of  feet  per  drill,  using 
the  hose  over  drilling  dry;  and  a  gain  of  24J%  depth 
of  holes,  and  11%  of  feet  per  drill  by  using  hose  over 
bailing  water  from  a  bucket.  All  of  which  shows 
that  there  is  not  only  a  gain  of  ground  drilled,  but  a 
saving  of  drill  bits  used  by  using  water  under  pres- 
sure, instead  of  bailing  it  from  a  bucket  or  not  using 
it  at  all.  Besides  the  actual  gain  in  drilling,  the 
'pressure-water'  is  a  saving  in  getting  rid  of  the 
gases  in  the  pile  of  dirt  and  the  dust  formed  in  drill- 
ing, resulting  materially  in  the  better  health  of  the 
men,  freedom  from  powder  headache  and  miners'  con- 
sumption, and  increased  rapidity  of  getting  into  the 
face  to  remove  the  dirt." 

The  accompanying  illustration  shows  a  portable 
outfit  arranged  by  the  Rix  Compressed  Air  and  Drill 
Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  It  consists  of  a  galvanized 
pot  with  a  bail,  holding  eight  gallons  of  water,  and 
which,  the  manufacturer  says,  has  been  tested  to  150 
pounds  per  square  inch  pressure.  This  pot  has 
openings  for  admitting  air  pressure  on  the  water,  for 
attaching  the  water  hose,  for  filling  and  for  releasing 
the  air  when  filling  is  required.  There  are  two  small 
pieces  of  hose,  one  for  admitting  the  air  and  one  for 
the  squirter.  The  air  hose  is  attached  to  the  side  of 
the  drill  cock  and  lightning  couplings  are  used. 

The  superintendent  of  the  North  Star  mine  at 
Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  writes  the  manufacturers:  "For 
clear  water,  we  put  up  small  barrels  on  each  level, 
or  in  the  most  convenient  place  where  there  is  a  drip, 
and  run  the  clear  water  into  this  barrel,  which  is 
also  protected  from  dust  or  dirt.  A  faucet  is  placed  at 
the  bottom.  A  boy  with  a  heavy  galvanized  watering 
pot,  fitted  with  a  small  nozzle,  distributes  the  water 
to  the  tanks.  A  tank  of  water  lasts  for  some  time. 
It  depends  on  how  steadily  the  machine  is  running 
and  how  careful  the  man  is  about  shutting  off  the 
water  when  not  using  it.  It  will  last  at  least  an 
hour  or  two  anyway,  and  one  boy  can  keep  forty 
tanks  supplied  under  reasonable  conditions  of  water 
supply."  If  these  appliances  save  an  appreciable 
percentage  of  the  cost  of  drilling,  and  save  black- 
smith labor,  any  reasonable  time  and  care  devoted  to 
keeping  up  the  water  supply  and  making  connec- 
tions would  be  economical. 


How  to  Make  Blue  Prints,  Etc. 

The  simplest  of  all  the  photo- printing  processes  is 
the  cyanotype,  or  blueprint,  the  paper  for  which 
may  be  prepared  as  follows:  In  a  dark-colored  or 
opaque  bottle  dissolve  two  ounces  of  citrate  of  iron 
and  ammonia  in  eight  ounces  of  water,  and  in  a  simi- 
lar bottle  dissolve  one  and  one-quarter  ounces  of  fer- 
ricyanide  of  potash  in  eight  ounces  of  water.  Imme- 
diately before  use,  mix  equal  portions  of  these 
solutions,  and,  by  means  of  a  soft  sponge,  a  wad  of 
cotton,  or  a  camel's-hair  brush,  spread  the  mixed 
solutions  evenly  over  the  entire  surface  of  a  heavily 
sized  white  paper.  Thus  must  be  done  in  a  room 
lighted  with  gas  or  other  artificial  light  whose  color 
tends  toward  yellow,  and  the  paper  should  be  dried 
quickly  in  a  dark  room  or  closet.  The  tracing  is  laid 
on  a  sheet  of  heavy  glass,  or,  preferably,  in  a  print- 
ing frame,  with  the  drawing  next  the  glass;  the  pre- 
pared paper  is  then  laid  over  the  tracing  with  its 
prepared  side  against  the  tracing  cloth.  A  piece  of 
heavy  blotting  paper,  or  felt,  is  then  laid  on  the  back 
of  the  paper,  to  distribute  the  pressure  and  keep  the 
tracing  and  printing  paper  in  close  contact;  a  board 
is  then  placed  over  the  felt,  and  the  whole  is  sub- 
mitted, glass  side  up,  to  the  rays  of  the  direct  sun- 
light. In  from  three  to  ten  minutes  the  print  is  re- 
moved and  washed  in  clean  water,  when  the  entire 
surface  becomes  a  deep  blue  color,  except  at  the 
points  protected  by  the  lines  of  the  tracing,  where 
the  paper  will  remain  white. 

After  washing,  the  print  is  hung  up  and  allowed  to 
dry,  when  it  is  ready  for  use  as  a  working  drawing. 
Any  desired  alterations  in  the  print  may  be  made 
with  an  ordinary  writing  pen  and  a  solution  of  caustic 
soda.  This  solution,  applied  to  the  blue  portions  of 
the  print,  will  immediately  bleach  i  t  white,  while  any 
existing  lines  may  be  obliterated  by  means  of  a  little 
Prussian  blue  water  color,  or  even  an  ordinary  blue 
pencil. 

The  printing  frame  for  use  in  the  making  of  sun 
prints  consists  of  a  rectangular  frame,  or  box,  as 
shown  in  Fig.  1,  on  one  side  of  which  is  fixed  a  pane 
of  clear  plate  glass,  a.  The  tracing  is  then  laid  in 
the  frame  against  the  glass,  as  shown  at  b,  and  the 


printing  paper  next,  as  shown  at  c.  A  felt  pad,  d, 
is  then  spread  over  the  back  of  the  paper,  and  the 
wooden  backing,  e,  is  put  in,  to  hold  the  paper  and 
tracing  against  the  glass.  The  arms,  f,  are  then 
turned  down,  and  the  springs,  g,  pressing  against 
the  cleat,  h,  keep  everything  tight  in  place,  while  the 


Fig.  1. 


catches,  k,  hold  the  arms  down.  The  frame  is  then 
turned  over,  and  so  placed  that  the  sun  may  shine 
through  the  glass  and  tracing  onto  the  printing 
paper. 

The  backing  is  usually  made  in  two  or  more  pieces, 
as  shown,  in  order  that  the  frame  may  be  partially 
opened  and  the  progress  of  the  printing  examined, 
while  one  of  the  arms  is  still  clamped  down  and 
secures  the  end  of  the  tracing  and  paper  from  slip- 
ping. If  the  print  is  then  found  to  be  insufficiently 
printed,  the  back  may  be  replaced  and  the  exposure 
continued. 

When  the  printing  frames  are  large  and  not  easily 
handled,  it  is  customary  to  build  a  track  out  through 
a  window,  as  shown  in  Fig.  2.     The  frame  is  then 


Fig.  2. 

provided  on  each  side  with  a  flangewheel,  a,  for  run- 
ning on  the  track,  b.  When  the  frame  is  taken  in  to 
remove  the  print,  or  to  put  in  a  new  tracing,  it  is 
simply  turned  over  on  the  wheels,  as  shown  by  the 
dotted  lines.  The  back  is  removed,  the  tracing  and 
paper  adjusted,  and  the  back  replaced.  The  frame 
is  then  turned  glass  side  up,  pushed  on  the  track, 
and  left  in  the  sun  till  the  printing  is  completed. 

Next  in  simplicity  to  the  ordinary  blueprint 
process  is  the  blueline  process,  whereby  the  repro- 
duction shows  in  clear  blue  lines  on  a  perfectly  white 
ground. 

The  paper  is  coated  with  the  following  solution: 

Gum  arable,  grains 385 

Perchloride  of  Iron,   grains 123 

Tartaric  acid,  grains 62 

Sodium  chloride,  grains 46 

Water,  ounces 31 

When  dry,  the  paper  is  exposed  under  a  tracing, 
as  in  the  previously  described  process,  and,  when 
sufficiently  printed,  is  immersed  in  a  saturated  solu- 
tion of  ferrocyanide  of  potassium  until  the  lines  are 
fully  developed.  It  is  then  rinsed  in  a  dilute  solu- 
tion of  hydrochloric  acid  to  remove  any  yellow 
stains  due  to  the  ferrocyanide,  and  is  finally  washed 
in  water. 

Alterations  in  the  finished  print  may  be  made  with 
an  ordinary  pen  and  a  rather  thickly  ground  solu- 
tion of  Prussian  blue  water  color.  Existing  lines 
may  be  removed  with  the  soda  solution  previously  de- 
scribed. 

The  processes  for  printing  black  lines  on  a  white 
ground  are  numerous,  but  somewhat  complicated. 
One  of  the  earliest  forms  consisted  of  a  process  of 
double  printing,  and,  though  more  complex  and  ex- 
pensive than  later  methods,  it  gives  results  that 
leave  nothing  to  be  desired. 

A  sheet  of  thin  but  close-grained  paper  is  im- 
mersed for  half  a  minute  in  a  solution  of  common 
table  salt  and  then  dried  ;  it  is  then  brushed  over 
with  a  solution  of  ten  grains  of  nitrate  of  silver  in  one 
ounce  of  water,  and  again  dried.  The  paper  is  then 
exposed  under  the  tracing  and  printed  until  the  lines 
just  commence  to  change  color,  while  the  ground  be- 
comes a  deep  bronze  color.  The  print  is  then  soaked 
for  ten  minutes  in  a  solution  of  one  ounce  of  hyposul- 
phite of  soda  to  ten  ounces  of  water,  and  afterwards 


well  washed  in  water  and  dried.  When  dry,  the 
print  is  rubbed  over  with  sweet  oil,  to  render  it 
transparent,  and  is  then  put  in  the  printing  frame  in 
the  place  formerly  occupied  by  the  tracing.  A  new 
print  is  now  made  under  the  oiled  copy,  and  this  sec- 
ond print  is  soaked  in  the  soda  solution  and  washed 
in  water,  the  same  as  the  first  one.  The  result  is  a 
clear  white  ground,  on  which  the  lines  of  the  drawing 
are  duplicated  in  a  deep  bronze  black,  equal  in  every 
respect  to  an  inked  drawing.  Any  number  of  prints 
can  be  made  through  the  oiled  copy;  but  the  process 
is  so  troublesome,  and  takes  so  much  time,  that  it 
never  found  much  favor  except  for  special  work  and 
small  sizes  of  drawings. 

A  paper  for  direct  printing  of  black  lines  on  a 
white  ground  may  be  prepared  as  follows  :  In  nine 
ounces  of  water  dissolve 

Drame. 

Gelatine 3 

Perchloride  of  Iron  solution 6 

Tartaric  acid 3 

Ferric  sulphate  of  iron 3 

Apply  two  coats  of  this  solution  to  the  surface  of  a 
heavy  sized  paper,  allowing  each  coat  to  dry  thor- 
oughly. Print  as  usual,  under  a  tracing  having 
somewhat  heavy  and  well  defined  lines,  and  develop 
the  print  in  a  solution  consisting  of  six  drams  of 
gallic  acid  dissolved  in  thirty- two  ounces  of  water  and 
six  and  one-half  ounces  of  alcohol.  The  lines  will 
appear  strong  and  of  a  deep  purple-black  color,  and 
the  ground  will  assume  a  cream  tint,  afterwards 
changing  to  pale  gray.  The  print  should  then  be 
washed  in  several  changes  of  water  and  hung  up  to 
dry.  Additional  lines  on  this  form  of  print  can  be 
made  with  ordinary  drawing  ink  ;  existing  lines 
can  be  removed  only  by  carefully  rubbing  with  an 
ink  eraser. 

The  quality  of   any  print  produced  by  the  agency 
of  sunlight  is  dependent  very  largely  upon  the  trac- 
ing from  which  it  is  made.     The  lines  of  the  original 
should  be  strong  and  of  an  even  density,  and 
the  ink  used  should  be  absolutely  opaque. 

The  best  results  are  obtained  when  the 
ink  with  which  the  tracing  is  made  is  mixed 
with  a  small  quantity  of  thickly  ground 
chrome-yellow  water  color.  If  the  color  re- 
fuses to  mix  freely  with  the  ink  medium,  a 
drop  of  ox-gall  will  clear  it  and  cause  it  to 
,  flow  more  freely — though  too  much  gall  will 

give  it  a  tendency  to  blot. 

Regardless  of  the  numerous  disadvant- 
ages, nearly  all  mechanical  drawirgs  of  the 
present  day  are  reproduced  by  some  one  or 
other  of  the  sun-printing  processes.  There 
is,  however,  an  increasing  tendency  among 
users — architects  particularly  —  to  adopt 
the  more  recent  method  of  printing  by 
means  of  mechanical  transfer.  This  consists 
of  making  duplicate  copies  of  an  inked  draw- 
ing or  tracing  by  placing  it  in  contact  with 
some  prepared  surface  that  will  absorb  a 
portion  of  the  inked  lines  and  afterward 
transfer  them  to  other  sheets. 

The  disadvantage  lies  in  the  fact  that  the  ink  nec- 
essary for  the  purpose  must  be  colored  with  an 
aniline  dye,  thus  becoming  very  difficult  to  handle 
and  dirty  to  use.  It  has  a  corresponding  advantage, 
however,  inasmuch  as  different  parts  of  a  drawing 
can  be  made  with  different  colored  inks,  and  the  copy 
will  show  these  color  relations. 

The  materials  necessary  for  the  transfer  process 
may  be  prepared  as  follows:  Soak  four  ounces  of 
white  glue  in  five  ounces  of  water  and  three  ounces 
of  strong  aqua  ammonia.  When  the  glue  is  soft, 
warm  the  solution,  by  setting  the  vessel  containing 
it  in  a  pan  or  pail  containing  boiling  water.  When 
the  glue  is  dissolved,  add  three  ounces  of  granulated 
sugar  and  eight  ounces  of  gelatine  ;  then  let  it  come 
to  the  boiling  point  until  the  whole  becomes  liquid. 
While  still  hot,  paint  the  solution  on  sheets  of  heavy 
white  blotting  paper  until  the  latter  is  thoroughly 
saturated  ;  then  lay  them  away  to  dry  for  two  or 
three  days. 

When  ready  for  use,  slightly  moisten  the  surface 
of  a  sheet  with  a  sponge  dipped  in  cold  water,  and 
lay  the  drawing  or  tracing  (which  has  been  executed 
with  the  prepared  inks  already  described)  over  "the 
pad  so  that  every  part  of  the  inked  lines  comes  in 
contact  with  the  sheet.  Rub  the  drawing  on  the 
back  into  close  contact  with  the  prepared  blotter, 
and  after  two  or  three  minutes  carefully  remove  it. 
Sheets  of  plaiD  white  paper  laid  over  the  pad  and 
gently  rubbed  into  contact  will  receive  a  complete 
impression  nearly  as  clear  as  the  original ;  from  six 
to  ten  copies  may  be  thus  obtained  from  a  single  im- 
pression. After  use,  the  pad  should  be  laid  aside 
for  twenty-four  hours. 

The  inks  required  for  these  pads  may  be  mixed  as 
follows: 

Black  ink:  Aniline  black,  1  ounce;  water,  14 
ounces;  glycerine,  4  ounces. 

Blue  ink:  Aniline  blue,  1  ounce;  hot  water,  7 
ounces. 

Add  when  cool:  Spirits  of  wine,  1  ounce;  glycerine, 
one-fourth  ounce;  ether,  10  minims.;  carbolic  acid, 
1  minim. 

Red,  violet  or  green  ink  may  be  prepared  by  sub- 
stituting the  desired  color  of  aniline  for  the  one  men- 
tioned above. 


154 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1903. 


Modern  Methods  in   Ore  Treatment 
by  Cyanidation.* 

NUMBER  III.— CONCLUDED. 
Written  by  Edwis  O.  Watt. 

Experiments  made  with  unroasted  sulpho-telluride 
ore  and  potassium  cyanide  solutions  did  not  give  an 
extraction  equal  in  any  case  to  60%  of  the  gold  con- 
tents. The  results,  however,  proved  so  satisfactory 
that  it  was  decided  to  continue  to  work  the  process. 


utes.  An  experiment  made  with  the  present  set  of 
five  pneumatic  agitators  may  prove  of  interest  to 
metallurgists.  The  agitators  were  charged  with, 
approximately,  6  tons  of  ordinary  slime  in  a  solution 
of  0.10%  of  available  potassium  cyanide  and  the  usual 
stream  of  air  was  passed  through  for  three  hours. 
A  sample  of  the  solution  was  then  taken  from  each 
agitator.  No.  1  agitator,  which  first  received  the 
air,  indicated  .060%,  No.  2  .100%,  No.  3  .115%,  No.  4 
.115%,  and  No.  5,  from  which  the  air  exhausted  into 
the  atmosphere,  .060%  of  available  potassium  cya- 
nide. 


tests  made  on  other  mines  on  the  fields.  When  the 
Kalgurli  mine  agitated  the  slimes  by  mechanical 
stirrers  for  twenty-four  hours  it  cost  about  2t 
pounds  of  potassium  cyanide  per  ton  to  obtain  a  good 
extraction.  With  the  present  pneumatic  agitators 
the  consumption  of  potassium  cyanide  has  fallen  to 
about  1  pound  per  ton,  and  the  extractions  are 
better. 

The  composition  of  the  ore  is  practically  the  same 
and  the  consumption  of  potassium  cyanide  on  the 
separated  sands  has  not  varied.  While  I  am  of  the 
opinion  that  the   introduction   of  compressed  air  to 


Fig.  8  — Pneumatic  Agitators. 


The  exhausting  air  smelt  so  strongly  of  cyanogen 
that  it  was  realized  that  a  still  greater  saving  of  cya- 
nide might  be  effected  by  passing  the  air  through  a 
series  of  pressure  tanks,  instead  of  allowing  it  to  ex- 
haust direct  through  the  atmosphere.  On  the  treat- 
ment works  there  were  only  two  pressure  tanks  and 
it- was  decided  to  install  a  set  of  five,  using  the  same 
stream  of  air  for  the  series.  Some  alterations  were 
made  in  the  design  of  the  pressure  tanks,  and  the 
necessary  pipes  were  attached  to  convey  the  air  in  a 
continuous  stream  through  the  pulp  in  each  tank. 
The  accompanying  diagram  (Fig.  8)  shows  the  ar- 
rangement by  which  the  combined  pneumatic  agita- 
tors and  filter  press  pressure  tanks  are  being 
worked  at  present  on  the  Kalgurli  mine.  For  the 
sake  of  clearness  of  illustration  the  set  is  shown  in  a 
straight  line,  but  they  are  really  being  worked  in  a 
circular  pit,  as  shown  in  the  smaller  diagram  (Fig.  9). 
The  plan  of  the  top  of  the  tank  is  shown  in  Fig.  10. 
Each  agitator  is  6  feet  6  inches  in  diameter  and  13 
feet  6  inches  deep,  and  is  usually  charged  with  about 
6  tons  of  slime  in  a  cyanide  solution  of  0.10%  of  avail- 
able potassium  cyanide.  After  agitating  for  three 
hours  the  circulating  air  is  shut  off  and  the  high  pres- 
sure air  is  turned  onto  the  top  of  the  pulp.  This 
drives  the  slime  up  the  filter  press  charging  pipe 
into  filter  presses,  where,  as  previously  explained, 
the  auriferous  cyanide  solutions  are  recovered  from 
the  pulp.  After  discharging  the  slime  from  the  agi- 
tators the  tank  remains  full  of  compressed  air  at  a 
pressure  of  about  30  pounds  per  square  inch.  In- 
stead of  being  allowed  to  blow  into  the  atmosphere, 
as  is  usual  under  these  circumstances,  the  air  is  used 
for  discharging  another  agitator,  or  is  allowed  to 
circulate  for  agitation  until  it  falls  below  the  pres- 
sure required  for  that  purpose.  The  air  pressure 
required  to  agitate  one  agitator  is  about  3j  pounds 
per  square  inch,  and  for  five  agitators  about  22 
pounds,  but  this  pressure  varies  slightly,  according 
to  the  consistency  of  the  pulp.  For  charging  filter 
presses  it  is  not  convenient  to  work  with  an  air  pres- 
sure much  under  30  pounds  per  square  inch,  for, 
although  it  was  found  that  a  pressure  of  10  pounds 
would  charge  a  5 -ton  filter  press  full,  it  took  nearly 
an  hour  to  do  it,  whereas  a  pressure  of  30  pounds 
per  square  inch  will  charge  a  5-ton  press  in  ten  min- 

*  Trans.  Australian  Inst.  Min.  Engrs.    (Condensed.) 


Agiial 


Tilling  pipel^oiri ■slime  settlers 


overflow  pipe 
Fig.  10.— Plan  of  Top  of  Tank. 

This  experiment  showed  that  in  two  of  the  series 
there  was  an  actual  increase  in  the  amount  of  cyano- 
gen in  the  solution,  due  to  the  volatile  cyanogen  pass- 
ing over  from  the  preceding  agitators.  The  results 
of  this  experiment  have  been  confirmed  by  other 
tests  made  on  the  Kalgurli  mine   and  by  laboratory 


the  pulp  in  this  way  is  beneficial  in  consequence  of 
the  fact  that  it  oxygenates  the  cyanide  solutions,  I 
think  that  the  beneficial  action  is  more  largely  due 
to  mechanical  than  to  chemical  causes,  as  instanced 
by  the  great  attrition  that  takes  place  by  the  ore 
particles  rubbing  against  each  other,  especially  when 
these  particles  are  not  already  in  a  very  fine  state 
of  division.  By  reference  to  the  diagram  it  will  be 
seen  that  the  agitation  pipe  is  peculiarly  bent,  so  as 
to  give  a  violent  rotary  movement  to  the  pulp. 

This,  combined  with  the  action  caused  by  the  surg- 
ing of  the  air  through  the  material,  causes  the  par- 
ticles to  rub  heavily  against  each  other.  The  larger 
particles  are  thus  worn  away  and  the  gold  is  cleaned 
and  burnished,  and  thus  rendered  readily  amenable 
to  dissolution  in  cyanide  solutions.  This  process  of 
agitation  has  now  been  at  work  on  the  Kalgurli  mine 
for  ten  months  and  has  been  subjected  to  severe  tests 
and  has  not  failed.  Its  originality  consists  only  in 
the  method  by  which  the  air  is  admitted  and  used. 
The  number  of  pipes  and  valves  over  the  agitators 
appear  at  first  glance  somewhat  complicated,  but  in 
actual  practice  it  has  not  been  found  to  be  so,  and 
the  management  have  not  experienced  any  difficulty 
in  getting  the  attendants  to  understand  the  arrange- 
ments after  a  few  minutes'  explanation.  No  time 
has  been  lost  by  any  fault  of  the  arrangement,  and 
no  part  of  the  plant  has  shown  any  perceptible  wear. 

Coal  Miners'  Wages  in  Bohemia. 

The  wages  paid  in  the  coal  districts  of  Bohemia, 
per  nine-hour  shift,  are  as  follows: 

. Wages . 

Class.  Crowns.       Value. 

Pick  men 5.00  $1  02 

Carpenters 3.60  73 

Engine  men 3.40  69 

Other  men  working  in  pitB 4.00  81 

Overseers 4.50  91 

Workmen  at  pit's  mouth 3 .  50  71 

Boys 2 .  00  41 

Women 1.55  31 

The  pick  men  are  paid  by  the  job  ;  all  others  are 
paid  by  the  day.  The  labor  day  of  all  miners  is  nine 
hours,  including  the  going  in  and  out.  The  men  at 
the  pit's  mouth  work  twelve  hours,  with  two  hours' 
rest  at  midday. 


September  5    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


155 


E 


Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 


PATENTS  ISSUED  AUGUST  25.  1903. 

Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  ror  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC! PRESS. 

Roasting   Furnace.— No.   736,929 ;   E.   C.   Brice, 
Colwyn,  Pa. 


Roasting  furnace  comprising  tunnel,  trackway 
therein,  fireboxes  communicating  with  upper  part  of 
tunnel,  and  passageways  communicating  between 
latter  and  smokestack,  in  combination  with  series  of 
cars  on  trackway  having  receptacle  of  refractory 
material,  sides  of  receptacles  having  openings  there- 
through, bottom  portion  thereof  having  lateral  pass- 
ageways, vertical  passageways  communicating  there- 
with, sides  of  receptacles  adjacent  to  fireboxes  ex- 
tending close  to  roof  of  tunnel. 


Oil  Drilling  Machine. - 
ner,  Akron,  O. 


-No.  736,993  ;  D.  A.  Mess- 


1 


Combination  of  frame,  shaft  mounted  therein, 
means  for  driving  shaft,  gearwheel  on  one  end 
of  shaft,  pitman  having  one  end  connected 
with  gearwheel,  shaft  parallel  with  driving  shaft, 
crank  arm  secured  thereto  connected  to  other 
end  of  pitman,  arm  secured  to  last-mentioned  shaft, 
guide  pulley  carried  by  free  end  of  arm,  angle  lever, 
link  pivotally  connected  with  short  arm  of  lever, 
lever  pivotally  connected  with  opposite  end  of  link, 
movably  mounted  bearing  box,  shaft  mounted  there- 
in, drum  carried  by  shaft,  rigid  rope  guide  secured 
to  frame,  in  alinement  with  guide  pulley,  rope  or 
cable  passing  round  guide  pulley  supported  upon 
guide  adapted  to  be  raised  and  lowered  by  rocking 
of  pulley.  

Treating  Refractory  Ores. — No.  737,059  ;  A,  M. 
Beam,  Denver,  Colo. 

Pulverizing  the  ore,  subjecting  it,  in  connection 
with  suitable  oxidizing  flux  or  reagent  mixed  there- 
with, in  closed  oven  or  muffle,  to  action  of  low  degree 
of  indirect  heat  while  air  is  excluded  for  short  time, 
until  sulphides  of  base  metals  are  partially  converted 
into  sulphates,  so  that  air  may  be   afterward  ad- 


mitted without  burning  sulphur  or  causing  cementa- 
tion or  coating  of  ore  particles  with  sulphur  or  other 
residuum  ;  admitting  air  to  ore  in  muffle,  completing 
conversion  of  sulphides  of  base  metals  into  sulphates 
and  releasing  gold  or  precious  metals  to  free  or  amal- 
gamating condition  by  subjecting  ore  for  further 
short  time  to  low  degree  of  indirect  heat. 

Device  for  Locking  Ore  Cars  to  Tracks— No. 
737,006  ;  6.  O.  Newcomb,  Denver,  Colo. 


In  device  for  locking  cars  to  rails  or  track,  combi- 
nation, comprising  supporting  bars  C  and  D  secured 
to  truck  B  ;  inserted  through  circular  aperture  C, 
swinging  in  elongated  aperture  D'  in  hollow  cylin- 
drical mandrel  E  which  is  provided  with  spiral  slot 
E2,  secured  to  lower  end  crossbar  P,  mandrel  O  in- 
serted into  mandrel  E,  secured  to  it  pin  E3  extended 
outward  through  spiral  slot  E3  into  adjusting  rod  H 
pivoted  upon  rod  I,  adjusting  rod  extending  outward 
under  trip  finger  J  being  held  in  desired  position  by 
means  of  coiled  spring. 


Crushing  Rolls.- 
&  P.  Cazin,  Denver. 


-No.  737,130; 
Colo. 


C.  W.   McArthur 


Combination  with  bed  or  frame  and  fixed  movable 
bearings,  rolls  journaled  therein,  adjusting  rods  ex- 
tending longitudinally  through  portions  of  bed  or 
frame  in  threaded  engagement  between  ends  with 
movable  bearings  to  adjust  them  with  relation  to 
stationary  bearings,  spring  mechanisms  at  one  end 
of  rods  to  permit  movable  bearing  and  its  roll  to 
yield  and  return  same  to  normal  position,  cushioning 
mechanism  between  frame  and  opposite  ends  of  rods 
to  cushion  their  return  movement. 

Ore  Jigger.— No.  737,264;  E.  J.  Muller,  Butte, 
Mont. 


TgTTt 


In  ore  jigger  combination  with  tank  separated 
by  partition  into  compartments  which  communicate 
with  each  other  below  partition,  and  horizontally  dis- 
posed screen  vertically  movable  plunger  arranged  in 
compartments  on  opposite  sides  of  partition,  guide 
arranged  in  upper  part  of  compartment  containing 
plunger,  hollow  trunk  attached  to  and  extending  up- 
wardly from  plunger  into  opening  in  guide  in  which 
it  is  adapted  to  reciprocate,  driving  shaft  extending 
horizontally  over  tank  and  provided  above  plunger 
trunk  with  eccentric  and  strap,  rod  attached  at  up- 
per end  to  strap  provided  at  lower  end  with  box 
pivoted  on  cross  pin  in  lower  part  of  trunk,  box  com- 


posed of  two  parts,  one  formed  with  socket  in  which 
lower  end  of  rod  is  secured,  the  other  con- 
nected by  bolts  with  cross  head  loosely  mounted  on 
rod,  and  spring  interposed  between  upper  box  mem- 
ber and  cross  bead. 

Vaporizer  for  Explosive  Engines. — No.  737,463; 
C.  P.  Pearson,  Chicago,  111. 


Vaporizer  comprising  walls  forming  air  passage, 
spiral  partition  placed  in  passage  to  give  air  spiral 
movement,  oil  supply  nozzle  projected  diagonally  into 
air  passage  discharging  into  spiral  partition,  oil  re- 
ceptacle communicating  with  nozzle,  valve  controlling 
oil  flow  through  nozzle,  valve  controlling  admission  of 
oil  into  oil  receptacle,  float  actuating  latter  valve. 


Metallurgical  Furnace.— No.  737,519;  S.  Stew- 
art, Brighton,  and  H.  Hughes,  Woodward,  Ala. 


A  metallurgical  furnace  provided  with  hopper  at 
upper  end,  combination  with  frame  mounted  above 
furnace,  inclined  track  having  curved  end  carried  by 
frame,  car  provided  with  four  wheels  traveling  on 
track,  hoisting  rope  or  chain  secured  to  rear  end  of 
car  adapted  to  allow  front  end  of  car  to  swing  down 
when  it  passes  over  curved  end  of  track,  bell  nor- 
mally closing  top  of  furnace,  sliding  gates  constitut- 
ing gas  seal  mounted  above  bell,  cylinder  for  each 
gate,  piston  rods  and  pistons  for  operating  gates, 
valve  and  pipes  for  simultaneously  admitting  fluid 
pressure  to  all  cylinders. 

Smelting  Furnace. — No.  737,487;  E.  Riveroll,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 


Inclined  chamber,  combustion  chambers  disposed 
along  inclined  chambers  communicating  therewith,  a 
floor  of  varying  pitch,  liquid  fuel  burners  discharging 
through  combustion  chambers,  toward  floor  of  in- 
clined chamber. 


156 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1908. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

J.  MacDonald,  superintendent  of  the 
Treadwell  mines,  says  the  Alaska-Tread- 
well  G.  M.  Co.  has  bought  all  the  Bemers 
bay  mines  heretofore  owned  by  the  Now- 
ells,  including  the  Johnson,  Eureka  and 
Kensington  lodes.  They  will  be  developed 
and  machinery  put  in. 

The  shortage  of  workmen  continues, 
so  that  the  large  mines  of  southeastern 
Alaska  are  unable  to  secure  sufficient 
labor,  though  they  pay  high  wages, 
i  he  Treadwell  mines  can't  get  500  men 
for  Douglas  island  and  in  opening  up  the 
Bemers  Bay  mines,  which  the  company 
has  bought.  The  closing  of  many  Klon- 
dike mines  last  month  because  of  a  water 
shortage  has  led  Superintendent  McDon- 
ald, of  the  Treadwell  mines,  to  announce 
that  his  company  will  employ  outcom- 
ing  miners  to  the  number  of  500,  guar- 
anteeing them  steady  work. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 

The  Solomon  Springs  C.  Co.'s  mine  has 
been  bought  by  Eastern  men  for  $500,000. 
The  property  is  5  miles  southeast  of  Bis- 
bee  and  consists  of  sixteen  claims.  The 
Houghton  Dev.  Co.  has  been  organized  to 
work  and  develop  the  property,  and  its 
directors  are  G.  Pope,  R.  R.  Goodell,  J.  H. 
Rice,  P.  G.  Coggin,  G.  C.  Lawton,  of 
Houghton,  Mich.;  S.  Kaufman  of  Mar- 
quette, Mich.,  and  G.  G.  Barnum  of  Du- 
luth,  Minn.  G.  C.  Lawton  is  superintend- 
ent and  has  started  development  work. 

The  Junction  Dev.  Co.  of  Blsbee  report 
putting  in  an  additional  steam  pump. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 

The  Shannon  Co.,  near  Clifton,  is  re- 
ducing 450  tons  of  copper  ore  per  day.  A 
tunnel  has  been  run  on  the  property  and 
a  new  body  of  ore  uncovered  In  the  Carter, 
the  deepest  mine  of  their  group. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — It  Is  reported 
that  La  Gloria  M.  Co.  will  erect  a  smelter 
on  their  property  in  the  White  Tank 
mountains  this  fall. 

J.  M.  Swetnam  of  Phoenix  is  interested 
in  a  number  of  claims  near  the  Horton 
mine,  30  miles  northwest  of  Phoenix,  on 
which  he  says  work  will  begin. 

Phoenix,  Aug.  28. 

The  Angel  mine,  west  of  Wickenburg, 
has  resumed  operations,  says  S.  C.  Bird  of 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  manager.  There,  is 
considerable  ore  on  the  dump  which  Will 
be  treated  at  the  Wickenburg  smelter.     ... 

Owing  to  the  miner's  union  attempting 
to  dictate  to  the  owners  of  the  Socorro 
mines,  near  Wickenburg,  these  mines  are 
reported  closed  down,  throwing  eighty 
men  out  of  work. 

;    MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

M.  P.  Gilbert,  manager  of  the  Leland 
group  of  mines,  near  Kingman,  says  their 
40-stamp  mill  is  expected  to  be  ready  for 
operation  by  Oct.  1st.  The  ore  runs  88 
per  ton  in  gold,  and  a  cyanide  plant  will 
handle  the  tailings. 

PIMA  COUNTY. 
The  Twin  Buttes  copper  mines,  in  San 
Xavier  mining  district,  have  been  sold  to 
the  Twin  Buttes  M.  &  S.  Co.,  with  D.  S. 
Rose  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  president. 

PINAL  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Pinal 
Paraffine  Oil  Co.  will  be  ready  next  week 
to  put  the  casing  in  their  well;  then  drill- 
ing will  be  resumed.  The  well  is  down  to 
a  depth  of  1217  feet. 

Florence,  Aug.  28. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

The  Model  M.  Co.  at  McCabe  report 
construction  work  on  the  mill  nearing 
completion.  In  addition,  a  shaft  house  is 
being  built.  A  tramway  will  connect 
them. 

Superintendent  J.  K.  Truman  of  the 
Climax  mine,  near  Presoott,  Bays  they 
have  seven  shafts  on  this  property,  with 
favorable  prospects.  The  10-stamp  mill 
has  been  remodeled  and  two  more  concen- 
trators and  several  cyaniding  tanks 
added.    A  tramway  is  also  being  built. 

The  work  of  overhauling  the  10-stamp 
mill  and  the  cyanide  plant  at  the  mines  of 
the  Climax  G.  M.  Co.,  at  Quartz  moun- 
tain, near  Prescott,  is  progressing;  addi- 
tional concentrating  tables  are  being  put 

in. The  Mark  Twain  mine  is  reported 

showing  12  feet  of  ore.  They  are  shipping 
to  the  smelter. 

A  strike  is  reported  in  the  mines  of  the 
Eureka  G,  &  C.  M  Co  ,  near  Jerome.  The 
main  tunnel  cut  a  body  of  ore  which  as- 
sayed $20  per  ton,  principally  in  gold.  The 
vein  is  of  quartz. 


YUMA   COUNTY. 

S.  W.  Pease,  who  has  been  drilling  for 
artesian  water,  reports  having  struck  oil 
last  week  at  depth  of  400  feet  In  a  well  he 
was  sinking  at  the  Choyas,  a  placer  camp 
6  miles  from  Quartzsite.  The  capacity  of 
the  rig  is  1200  feet  and  the  well  will  be  put 
down  to  the  limit  to  further  test  the 
ground. 

ARKANSAS. 

MARION  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— The  Morning 
Star,  Beulah  and  White  Eagle  mines  are 
hauling  their  ore  10  miles  to  Buffalo  City 
and  shipping  to  the  smelter  at  lola,  Kan- 
sas.  Hickman  Bros.,   who    have  been 

prospecting  their  land  on  Jimmies  creek 
with  a  diamond  drill,  have  gone  through 
a  45-foot  run  of  zinc. 

This  week  Manager  R.  Harding,  of  the 
Missouri  Pacific-Iron  Mountain  system, 
inspected  the  work  through  Boone  and 
Marlon  counties  and  was  much  pleased 
with  its  progress. 

The  Olympia  expects  to  resume  opera- 
tions at  their  shaft  Oct.  1. Last  week, 

by  a  $6  blast  at  the  Morning  Star  mine, 
enough  ore-bearing  rock  was  broken  down 
from  the  hillside  to  keep  the  mill  running 
for  two  weekB. 

The  Iron  Mountain  railway  is  now  oper- 
ating to  Cotter,  on  the  east  border  of 
Marlon  county..  Thousands  of  men  are 
employed  on  the  line  from  Cotter  to  the 
Missouri  State  line.  Some  heavy  work  is 
encountered  near  the  crossing  of  the  State 
line,  the  cost  of  construction  of  9  miles 
there  being  at  the  rate  of  $125,000  per  mile. 
Jack  is  being  found  all  along   the  line 

where  the  heavy  work  is  being  done.. ■ 

The  new  core  drill  ordered  by  Dr.  Wells 
and  R.  J.  Williams  has  arrived.  This 
drill  was  built  under  special  plans  fur- 
nished by  Wells. 

Yellvllle,  Aug.  26. 

The  White  River  Zinc  M.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated,  with  G.  L.  Mallory  of  Little 
Rock  as  president,  to  operate  near  Yell- 
vllle. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  shaft  of 
the  Appleton  mine,  near  Yellvllle,  owned 
by  Wlnfield  men. Work  will  be  re- 
sumed on  the  Bald  Hill  mine  by  Estes 
Bros. 

Superintendent  Richards  of  the  Mcin- 
tosh mine,  near  Yellvllle,  says  he  has  com- 
pleted shipment  of  ore  for  the  present. 
The  mine  will  be  started  up  this  month 
and  operation  be  made  regular  now  that 

the  ore  can  be  sent  to  the  market.. The 

Zinc  Belt  Mineral  Co.  has  been  Incorpo- 
rated by  A.  L.  Tuttle,  D.  J.  Hyden,  J.  W. 
Buckingham,  W.  R.  Lorton,  B.  T.  Buf- 
fington,  E.  C.  Waldren  and  I.  L.  Reaves. 

Drift  No.  1,   at  the  lola  Con.  mine, 

near  Yellvllle,  has  extended  40  feet  Into 
the  ore  body.  A  concentrating  plant  is  to 
he  built. 

A    CALIFORNIA. 

— -    AMADOR  COUNTY. 

After  working  a  few  days  on  the  Butte 
basin  gravel  claim,  near  Jackson,  opera- 
tions were  suspended .  on  account  of  the 
flow  of  water  being  "too  heavy  for  the 
pumps  to  handle. 

At  the  Argonaut  mine,  at  Jackson,  sup- 
plies are  being  received  and  preparations 
made  to,  resume  operations,  says  the  Ama- 
dor Ledger.  Whether  it  will  commence 
operations  when  it  gets  in  condition  to  do 
so  will  depend  entirely  on  the  labor  out- 
look at  that  time. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

D.  Palmer  has  taken  over  the  Lava  Bed 
mine,  at  Railroad  Flat,  and  will  begin  de- 
velopment work  next  week. 

At  the  Forty-nine  mine,  at  Douglas 
Flat,  work  is  progressing  and  the  gravel 
bed  Is  expected  to  be  reached  this  month. 

At  the  Rose  Rock  mine,  north  of  Mur- 
phys,  a  heavier  engine  has  replaced  the 
one  formerly  in  use. 

Williams  Bros,  report  work  progressing 
at  their  Napoleon  mine,  at  Telegraph, 
near  San  Andreas.  They  have  the  shaft 
retlmbered  and  In  working  order,  and 
they  are  running  crosscuts  and  sinking 

winzes. Raymond    &    White   of   San 

Francisco  have  a  lease  on  the  Col  ver  mine. 
They  have  the  shaft  retlmbered  and  are 
hoisting  out  the  water. — —The  directors 
of  the  Rosella  mine  have  decided  to  build 
a  mill  this  fall. 

The  Golden  Leaf  mine,  worked  by  Mob- 
ley  Bros.,  at  Telegraph,  Is  progressing. 
They  have  1000  feet  of  underground  work 
done  and  are  making  a  raise  for  an  air 
,  shaft.  They  will  start  their  mill  next 
week. 

EL  DORADO  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — J.  A.  Parker 
of  Oakland  has  bonded  Mrs.  F.  Silvia's 
property  in  Georgetown;  also  B.  Wooley's 
ranch.  This  ranch  covers  the  greater 
part  of  the  once  famous  drift  mines, 
Mamaluke  hill,  that  has  produced  thou- 
sands in  placer  gold,  said  to  be  for  a  stock 
company  for  quartz  mining.  A  30-foot 
shaft  is  about  all  the  development  on  this 
property.     There  a  good  many  rumors  of 


buying,  bonding,  etc.,  but  no  work  toward 
development  yet. 

Georgetown,  Sept.  1. 

The  Ancient  Channel  M.  Co.  of  Latrobe 
is  putting  in  machinery  for  the  mine  and 
will  Increase  development  work. 

It  Is  reported  operations  on  the  Greek 
mine,  near  El  Dorado,  were  resumed  last 
week  and  that  development  work  will  be 
increased. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

The  Kopje  Oil  Co.  of  Waterman  Bros. 
et  al  Is  reported  preparing  to  resume 
operations  on  Its  land  at  Kern  river,  near 
Bakersfield,  which  has  been  leased  for 
several  years  to  the  Naught  Five  Co. 
The  property  adjoins  the  lands  of  the 
Falcom,  Kern  Oil  &  Dev.  and  Provident. 

The  Yellow  Aster  mine,  at  Randsburg, 
resumed  Aug.  31st  with  thirty  men,  and 
more  will  be  put  on  this  week.  The 
sheriff  and  his  deputies  are  protecting  the 
employes  by  armed  guards,  who  accom- 
pany the  men  to  and  from  work.  A  few 
of  the  former  men  have  returned  to  work. 

The  Flamioflume  M.  Co.  put  on  fifteen 
more  men  at  its  mine  in  Jaw  Bone  canyon, 

near  Mojave,  last  week. The  Echo  and 

Karma  mills  at  Mojave  are  having  con- 
siderable trouble  at  present  on  account 
of  lack  of  water,  says  the  Randsburg 
Miner. 

The  Pyramid  M.  Co.,  near  Randsburg, 
continues  opening  up  Its  ground.  The 
drift  being  run  on  the  120-foot  level  is  in 
50  feet  and  In  ore. 

M.  P.  Gilbert  of  Kingman,  Ariz ,  re- 
ports taking  an  option  on  a  group  of  gold- 
bearing  claims  near  Mojave. 

NEVADA    COUNTY. 

On  San  Juan  Ridge,  near  Nevada  City, 
R.  I.  Thomas,  manager,  a  company  of  San 
Francisco  men  reports  operations  begun 
on  the  Shady  Creek  placer  mine.  The 
plant  to  be  put  in  will  consist  of  a  10-inch 
dredging  pump,  capable  of  handling  2400 
cubic  yards  dally;  100  H.  P.  will  be  used, 
and  obtained  from  water  under  a  300-foot 
head.  During  the  winter  season  the  tail- 
ings that  cover  the  older  creek  gravels  to 
a  depth  of  15  feet  will  be  stripped  and  the 
bottom  gravels  worked  during  the  sum- 
mer months. 

The  10-stamp  mill  at  the  Posey  mine, 
near  GraBs  Valley,  began  crushing  ore 
last  week,  says  W.  H.  Bray,  manager  of 
the  Posey  and  Huron  mines. 

Manager  C.  A.  Pusheck  of  the  Moun- 
tain Maid  mine,  near  Grass  Valley,  says 
operations  will  be  resumed  at  the  mine 
and  developments  increased. 

At  the  Sixteen  to  One  mine,  near  the 
Spanish,  above  Washington,  good  results 
are  reported  being  obtained  with  the 
Huntington  mill  in  use,  such  as  to  lead 
the  Sacramento  men  owning  the  property 
to  consider  building  a  20-stamp  mill. 

The  Grass  Valley  Morning  Union  re- 
ports the  Gold  Blossom  mine  near  Grass 
Valley  sold  to  C.  A.  Mau  of  San  FranclBco, 
F.  C.  Eldred  of  Toledo,  Ohio,  and  J.  E. 
Polgndestre  of  Grass  Valley,  who  will  In- 
corporate the  California-Ohio  Mines  Dev. 
Co.  to  operate  it.  The  mine  is  on  Union 
hill,  i  mile  southeast  from  the  Idaho- 
Maryland  mine.  Two  tunnels  have  been 
run,  the  upper  one  being  in  250  feet.  The 
second  one  was  started  90  feet  lower  and 
struck  a  new  ledge,  which  has  been  un- 
covered for  300  feet.  The  ledges  are  about 
20  inches  in  width.  Machinery  will  be 
put  In  and  a  shaft  sunk. 

PLACER  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  F.  P.  Jackson  of  the 
gold  dredging  plant  operating  on  the 
North  Fork  of  the  American  river,  near 
Iowa  Hill,  reports  work  going  ahead  sat- 
isfactorily. 

SAN  MATEO   COUNTY. 

J.  E.  Kerr  of  San  Francisco  has  drilled 
a  number  of  wells  at  Half  Moon  Bay  and 
is  building  another  derrick.  He  Intends 
drilling  several  shallow  wells. 

The  Paxton  Oil  Co.,  at  Half  Moon  Bay, 
will  resume  work  this  month,  having  been 
closed  down  for  six  weeks  waiting  for  pipe. 
There  is  200  feet  of  oil  in  their  well. 
SANTA  BARBARA  COUNTY. 

The  Pinal  Oil  Co.,  near  Santa  Maria, 
reports  its  pipe  line  in  working  order,  and 
shipping  of  oil  to  San  Francisco  via  the 
Pacific  Coast  railroad  will  begin.  A  num- 
ber of  tanks  have  been  put  up  at  Graciosa 
station. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 

At  Keswick,  furnace  No.  3  of  the  Moun- 
tain C,  Co.  was  blown  In  last  week.  This 
enlarges  the  working  force  at  the  smelter 
by  sixty  men  to  the  Bhif  t.  The  number 
of  men  at  the  smelter  will  be  increased 
from  time  to  time  as  the  tonnage  is  in- 
creased, and  it  is  expected  all  the  furnaces 
will  be  running  this  fall  and  the  convert- 
ers turning  out  double  the  amount  of 
metal  at  present  obtained. 

C.  S.  Osborne,  superintendent  of  the 
Shasta  May  Blossom  mine,  north  of  De 
Lamar,  says  preparations  are  being  made 
to  put  in  additional  machinery,  Including 
an  engine  and  compressor  and  a  diamond 
drill  for  development  work. 


SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Near  Alleghany,  at  Kanaka  creek,  D. 
Burger,  manager  of  an  Eastern  company, 
says  he  is  preparing  to  work  the  bed  of 
Kanaka  creek  and  has  put  fifteen  men  to 
work. 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

C.  H.  Bennett,  for  an  English  company, 
has  taken  an  option  on  the  Blue  Ledge 
copper  claims,  in  Applegate  district,  near 
the  Oregon  line  and  south  of  Ashland,  Or. 

Cameron  &  Son  are  developing  a  pros- 
pect In  Quartz  valley,  near  Yreka,  near 
the  Shores  mine Work  has  been  re- 
sumed at  the  McKean  mine,  near  Calla- 
hans,  with  further  development  In  ex- 
tending No.  1  tunnel,  and  also  making  a 

station   for  hoisting   machinery. The 

Carlock  &  Morrison  quartz  mine,  In 
Quartz  valley,  is  being  worked. 

Manager  Brokaw  has  men  at  work  sink- 
ing a  shaft  on  the  Golden  Eagle  quartz 
mine  at  Indian  creek,  near  Yreka. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

Five  more  stamps  are  being  added  to 
the  Dorleska  mill  at  Dorleska.  The  main 
ore  chute  of  the  Dorleska  Is  17  feet  wide 
and  carries  values  in  gold.  The  five 
stamps  of  the  mill  and  a  Huntington 
crusher  are  in  full  operation. 

A  number  of  Trinity  county  mines  are 
shipping  ore  to  Keswick,  Shasta  county, 
taking  advantage  of  the  custom  smelting 
being  done  by  the  Mountain  C.  Co.'s 
smelter.  These  quartzose  gold  ores  are 
desired  as  a  flux  at  the  smelter. 

M.  Rose  reports  opening  a  ledge  of 
galena  on  his  mine  on  Deakln  gulch,  In 
Coffee  creek  section,  near  Trinity  Center. 
The  ledge  Is  8  feet  In  width  at  the  surface 
and  was  uncovered  by  sluicing  the  sidebill 
with  water  under  pressure.  Robo  will  de- 
velop the  prospect. 

J.  C.  Hyle  and  O.  J.  Hepburn  of  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  of  the  Last  Chance  M.  Co. 
have  made  arrangements  to  resume  con- 
trol of  the  Paulsen  mines  on  Trinity  river, 
near  Weaverville.  The  Grass  Valley 
water  will  be  carried  across  the  Trinity 
to  Union  hill  and  that  placer  property 
worked.  The  company  will  be  reorgan- 
ized. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  G.  Stay  ton.  reports  a 
strike  of  gold  ore  at  the  Wlllietta  quartz 
mine,  4  miles  from  Chinese,  on  the  Tuol- 
umne river.  In  driving  a  crosscut  from 
an  old  tunnel,  they  struck  a  body  of  ore 
showing-  free  gold. 

The  Big  Creek  G.  M.  Co.,  composed  of 
Maine  men,  is  operating  5  miles  east  of 
Groveland.  Superintendent  Watson  says 
he  has  men  at  work  on  the  Justice  and 
also  on  the  Katahdln. 

At  the  Rawhide  mine,  near  Jamestown, 
forty  stamps  are  dropping  in  the  mill. 

At  the  Bell  mine,  near  Tuttletown,  a 
station  has  been  cut  at  the  500-foot  level, 
and  sinking  to  the  600-foot  point  is  pro- 
gressing. 

At  the  Mount  Jefferson  mine,  at  Grove- 
land,  the  mill  is  running  steadily  on  ore 
from  the  slopes  and  drifts  on  the  300,  400 
and  500-foot  levels. 

Superintendent  H.  Argall  has  over- 
hauled the  pump  and  other  machinery  at 
the  Cosmopolite  mine,  near  Groveland, 
and  expects  to  resume  this  month. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence). — With  silver 
at  60  cents,  a  large  number  of  mines  which 
have  been  idle  for  a  number  of  years 
would  doubtless  start  up.  With  the  ad- 
vance it  has  already  made,  it  will  mean 
much  to  mines  already  producing  silver. 

The  feeling  all  over  the  State  seems 

to  be  to  strike.  In  places  they  do  not 
seem  to  have  any  special  grievance — 
simply  want  to  strike.  In  places  it  will 
be  a  question  as  to  who  can  stand  it  the 
longest  without  work  before  the  strike  is 
settled — employe  or  employer.  In  other 
places  it  is  a  question  as  to  who  shall  be 
the  dictator — the  man  who  puts  In  his 
time,  money  and  brains  (the  man  who  risks 
everything),  or  the  walking  delegate  or 
agitator,  who  has  nothing  to  lose  and 
everything  to  gain.  At  Idaho  Springs 
the  union  seems  ready  to  settle;  but  the 
operators,  before  taking  them  back,  want 
them  to  agree  not  to  go  out  on  strike  at 
the  demands  of  the  union. 

Denver,  Sept.  1. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

A  deposit  of  high-grade  mica,  of  suffi- 
cient quantity  and  quality  to  pay  for  ship- 
ping, is  reported  found  by  J.  Bruner  and 
W.  J.  Korf,  of  Eldora.  It  is  one  of  the 
spurs  of  the  Snowy  Range,  known  as 
Beach  mountain,  9  miles  southwest  of 
Eldora.  It  averages  squares  of  3Jx6 
inches. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 
At  Lawson  work  is  progressing  on  the 
Commodore  mine,  and  at  the  Princess  of 
India  tunnel,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
creek,  which  will  take  on  more  men  this 
month.  The  Joe  Reynolds  tunnel  is  near- 
ing the  main  shaft  and  continues  a  steady 
shipper.    J.  F.  Standish  Is  sinking  on  the 


September  5, 1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


157 


Last  Chance  and  bae  discontinued  tunnel 
driving  for  the  present.  R.  C.  Vidler  of 
Georgetown  continues  the  work  for  the 
East  Red  Elephant  Co.,  which  will  oper- 
ate on  the  same  mountain  as  the  Commo- 
dore. 

A  40  H.  P.  steam  hoist  has  been  placed 
on  the  Gomer  mine,  near  Georgetown,  In 
place  of  a  12  H.  P.  gasoline  plant.  The 
Gomer  M.  Co.  Is  operating  up  Spring 
gulch. 

CHAFFEE  COUNTY. 

A  strike  of  silver  ore  Ib  reported   In  the 
HOO  foot  tunnel  on   the  Eureka  mine  Dear 
Cottonwood  lake,  12  miles  west  of  Buena 
Vista,  by  Superintendent  A.  Closs. 
CUSTER  COUNTY. 

The  lessees  of  the  Louella  mine,  near 
Silver  Cliff,  report  opening  a  body  of  ore 
that  runs  15%  copper,  76  ounces  of  sliver 
and  some  gold.  The  ore  was  opened  at 
150  feet  depth.  It  Is  Intended  to  sink  the 
shaft  to  250  feet,  when  regular  shipments 
will  begin.  A  lead  carrying  chloride  of 
silver,  which  also  shows  gold  and  copper, 
has  been  opened  near  the  King  of  the 
Carbonates  mine  by  J.  W.  Preston  and 
Prof.  Ray. 

EL  PASO  COUNTY. 
The  Tellurlde  R.  Co.  has  sold  to  the 
General  Metals  Co.  of  New  York  the  Tel- 
lurlde mill  at  Colorado  City,  and  the  latter 
company  will  acquire  the  right  to  ubo  the 
bromine  process  at  all  of  Its  plants  to  be 
erected,  paying  royalty  for  such  use  to 
the  Tellurlde  R.  Co ,  says  the  Mining 
Record.  C.  E.  Finney,  of  New  York,  Is 
manager  of  the  General  Metals  Co  ,  which 
has  been  organized  to  engage  in  the  busi- 
ness of  extracting  gold  from  ores  by  the 
bromine  process,  and  will  build  for  the 
purpose  a  number  of  reduction  mills 
throughout  the  North  and  South  Ameri- 
can countries.  C.  D.  Grove  will  continue 
as  superintendent  of  the  Tellurlde  mill. 

The  union  men  are  out  on  a  strike  at  the 
Tellurlde  mill,  In  Colorado  City,  and  Man- 
ager Fullerton  states  that  no  attempt  will 
be  made  to  resume  operations  until  the 
Cripple  Creek  strike  Is  ended.  Fullerton 
refused  to  accede  to  the  demands  of  the 
union  that  W.  Keene  be  permanently  dis- 
charged. 

FREMONT  COUNTY. 
Work  Is  progressing  at  the  coal  mine 
being  opened  near  Williamsburg  by  S. 
Smith.  A  trestle  has  been  built.  Along 
slope  le  being  driven  to  cut  the  coal  meas- 
ure, and  will  be  completed  by  October  1. 
A  considerable  tonnage  of  lime  rock  Is 
going  to  the  steel  works  at  Pueblo  from 
the  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron  Co.'s  new  lime 
rock  quarries  at  Howard.  It  is  said  the 
company  expects  to  be  shipping  from  100 
to  150  carloads  of  lime  rock  from  the 
quarry  daily  by  October  1. 

The  ore  at  the  Union  mill  at  Florence 
having  been  run  through,  the  mill  has 
closed  down  till  such  time  as  the  striking 
miners  return  to  work.  In  the  meantime 
the  machinery  will  be  overhauled  and  be 
put  In  repair.  It  is  reported  that  the  mill 
trust  will  dismantle  the  Metallic  mill  and 
remove  It  to  the  De  Lamar-Wall  group  of 
mines  In  Utah.  Some  of  the  machinery 
was  taken  to  Canyon  City,  to  be  used  in 
reconstruction  of  the  Canyon  City  smelter. 
It  Is  also  reported  that  the  company  will 
also  remove  Its  National  mill  south  of 
Florence.  The  Dorcas  mill  Is  still  running. 
GUNNISON  COUNTY. 
The  Eureka  M.  Co.,  near  Crested  Butte, 
has  begun  producing  zinc-lead  ore  from 
the  Garfield,  one  of  its  group  of  claims, 
and  a  jack  train  will  deliver  the  ore  from 
the  mine  to  the  concentrator. 
HINSDALE  COUNTY. 
W.  F.  Butler  has  a  bond  and  lease  on 
the  M.  G.  group  In  Horseshoe  basin,  near 
Lake  City,  and  has  put  men  to  work 
there. 

Machinery  for  the  Hanna  M.  Co.'s  mill 
at  Capitol  is  on  the  ground  and  is  being 
set  up. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  tonnage  of  Leadville  district  Is 
holding  up  and  shipments  are  averaging 
2500  to  2750  tons  a  day  from  all  classes  of 
ores,  says  the  Times.  Cars  are  not  plen- 
tiful. The  production  -  Is  well  scattered 
over  both  the  silver-lead  and  gold  belts. 
Diamond  drill  operations  in  the  "  down- 
town "  section  continue  with  satisfactory 
results.  The  work  with  the  diamond 
drill  on  the  gold  belt  has  also  been  suc- 
cessful, and  the  deepening  of  shafts  of  the 
Ibex,  the  Monarch  and  others,  and  the 
sinking  of  new  deep  shafts  will  be  done, 
some  of  which  is  already  under  way.  The 
zinc  tonnage,  which  ten  years  ago  was 
nil,  now  ranges  to  8000  tons  a  month. 
The  closing  down  of  the  smelters  In  Den- 
ver has  been  felt  to  some  extent,  hut  the 
plants  at  Leadville  and  at  Salida  are  run- 
ning full  blast.  If  the  Denver  plants 
were  going,  it  is  expected  the  output  of 
the  district  would  run  up  to  3000  tons  a 
day. 

Operations  continue  at  the  Sharp  placer 
mines,  near  Leadville,  and  development  is 
being  increased.   The  ditch  water  brought 


in  to  wash  out  the  gravel  In  sluice  boxes  Is 
turned  Into  a  large  tank,  from  which  It  Is 
pumped  out  and  piped  up  to  the  embank- 
ment to  be  played  on  the  gravel  and  wash 
It  down.  The  plan  of  hauling  the  gravel 
out  In  cars  and  dumping  It  In  a  sluice  was 

found  too  expensive  and  slow. Owers  & 

Co.  of  Idaho  Springs  have  made  arrange- 
ments to  put  down  a  drill  hole  near  the 
Sharp  placer  operations  and  prospect  the 
formations.  One-half  mile  east  of  them, 
at  the  Homer  mine  ground,  the  work  of 
prospecting  has  been  renewed.  Manager 
H.  I.  Hlgglns  proposes  to  sink  his  shaft 
deeper. 

Arrangements  have  been  made  to  start 
up  the  Buckeye  mine  on  Fryer  hill,  Lead- 
ville, this  week.  This  Is  an  Iron  proposi- 
tion.  R.  B.  Estey  and  T.  D.  Kyle,  who 

have  the  lease  on  the  Fltzhugh  group,  ex- 
pect to  be  shipping  ore  this  month  from 
the  sulphide  bodies  which  have  been  idle 
for  several  years.  At  present  they  are 
driving  a  drift  at  the  452-foot  level  to  the 
stope. 

The  Resurrection  mill  at  Leadville, 
after  undergoing  repairs,  is  running  full 
force  again,  and  125  tons  a  day  are  being 
handled.     It  is  expected  the  company  will 

Increase    Its    shipments. The  Crown 

Point  mine,  near  the  Bartlett  mine,  on 
Sugar  Loaf  mountain,  has  resumed  after 
a  shut  down  of  twenty  years,  says  the 
Carbonate  Chronicle.  The  lease  Is  in 
charge  of  W.  B.  Rldgley.  The  shaft  has 
been  opened. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

The  work  of  developing  the  Mancos 
contact  on  the  La  Plata  side  of  the  divide 
between  La  Plata  and  East  Mancos  has 
been  started  by  H.  C.  Deming  of  Harris- 
burg,  Pa.,  who  has  a  lease  and  bond  on 
C.  C.  Carnell's  group  of  claimB  at  the 
head  of  Boren  gulch,  says  the  La  Plata 
Miner.  Shipments  to  the  smelter  began 
thlB  week. 

The  Chief  M.  Co.,  near  La  Plata,  is 
sinking  a  winze  in  the  upper  tunnel  and  it 
Is  expected  work  will  be  resumed   on   the 

lower  tunnel    next    week. Two  shifts 

are  working  on  the  Little  La  Plata-Red 
Cloud  mine  and  sacking  shipping  ore. 

PARK  COUNTY. 
Superintendent   A.    E.    Whiting  of  the 
Wolverine  M.  Co.  at  Tarryall  sayB  opera- 
tions  will  be  resumed  on  the  company's 
property  this  week. 

PITKIN  COUNTY. 
Smoke  and  gas  are  growing  worse  in  the 
Smuggler  mine,  near  Aspen,  and  those 
connected  with  it  by  tunnel;  the  under- 
ground workings  have  been  temporarily 
abandoned  and  a  few  watchmen  are  all 
that  are  left  on  the  property.  The  Mol- 
lle  Gibson  mill  was  compelled  to  close  on 
account  of  not  getting  sufficient  ore  from 
the  other  mines.  All  of  the  Smuggler 
ore  was  treated  at  this  mill. 

RIO  GRANDE  COUNTY. 
The  T.  M.  Bowen  mines  at  Summit- 
ville,  comprising  174  acres  of  patented 
grounds,  were  sold  last  week  to  P.  Schuch 
for  $20,000.  Schuch  haB  the  cyanide 
plant  on  the  Reynolds  mine  at  Summit- 
vllle. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 
Work  Is  progressing  on  the  aerial  tram 
at  the  Henrietta  mine  in  Cement  creek 
basin,  near  Sllverton,  and  it  is  expected 
the  tram  will  be  In  operation  next  week. 
The  Henrietta  is  owned  by  the  San  Juan 
S.  &  R.  Co.  The  cost  of  tramming  the 
ore  from  the  mine  to  the  Gladstone  Rail- 
road will,  it  is  Bald,  be  15  cents  a  ton, 
whereas  the  former  cost  of  transporting 
it  by  wagon  from  the  mine  to  the  basin, 
when  the  weather  permitted,  was  $2  50  a 
ton.  The  dally  capacity  of  the  tram  will 
be  500  tons. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

On  Sept.  1st  all  union  mill  men  in  the 
Tellurlde  district  went  out  on  a  Btrlke. 
The  Smuggler-Union  Co.'s  Pandora  mill 
was  forced  to  suspend  operations,  but  at 
the  company's  new  mill  Manager  Wells 
says  he  has  enough  non- union  men  to  keep 
it  in  operation.  The  Liberty  Bell,  the 
Nellie  and  the  Columbia  Menono  mills  are 
closed  down,  and  only  one  man  1b  working 
at  the  Alta.  The  strikers  demand  an 
eight-hour  day. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

H.  L.  Monroe  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Wire  Patch  G.  Co  (reorgan- 
ization of  the  Wire  Patch  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.), 
says  preparations  are  being  made  to  oper- 
ate the  Wire  Patch  group,  near  Brecken- 
ridge. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

Killlan  &  Geer,  operating  In  the  seventh 
level  of  the  Doctor-Jack  Pot  mine,  near 
Cripple  Creek,  report  getting  out  ore 
which  yieldB  27  ounces  In  Bllver  per  ton,  In 
addition  to  the  gold  values,  which  run 
2  ounces. 

J.  Campbell  &  Co.,  who  have  a  contract 
for  sinking  the  shaft  on  the'  LeClair  claim 
of  the  LeClair  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Cripple 


Creek,  have  put  In  an  air  compressor  and 
will  operate  one  drill.  The  shaft  Is  down 
325  feet.  Sinking  will  oontinue  to  the 
1 00  foot  level  when  lateral  work  will  be 
started.  Crosscuts  will  be  run  out  south 
and  east  to  cut  the  Mary  McKlnney  basalt 
from  which  values  have  been  taken  on 
that  property. 

The  Acacia  Gold  M.  Co.  has  given  a  two 
years'  lease  to  Wyatt  &  Sharp  on  the 
Wrockloff  shaft  of  the  Burns  claim  at 
Cripple  Creek.  The  lessees  will  sink  the 
main  shaft,  now  down  800  feet,  to  1000  feet 
and  pay  from  15%  to  30%  royalty  on  all 
ore  shipped.  The  purpose  of  sinking  the 
shaft  is  to  further  open  the  Burns  vein. 
The  Wrockloff  shaft  Is  equipped  with  a 
steam  plant. 

Th6  Hull  City  placer,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  under  lease  to  A.  E.  Carlton  &  Co., 
will  be  started  as  soon  as  the  labor  diffi- 
culty Is  settled,  and  meanwhile  the  ma- 
chinery Is  being  overhauled.  Improve- 
ments have  been  made  In  the  engines 
and  compressor.  A  250  H.  P.  boiler  will 
be  added. 

The  Ingham  cyanide  mill  at  Cripple 
Creek  will  Increase  Its  capacity  to  fifty 
tons  per  day.  Larger  elevators  are  to  be 
put  In  also. 

The  Milwaukee  M.  &  L.  Co.,  sinking 
the  shaft  on  the  LeClair  claim  at  Ana- 
conda, has  put  in  a  one  drill  air  com- 
pressor. The  shaft  Is  down  315  feet  and 
it  is  Intended  to  sink  until  the  400-foot 
level  Is  reached,  when  lateral  work  will  be 
started.  A  crosscut  will  be  driven  south 
and  east  with  expectation  of  cutting  the 
Mary  McKlnney  flat  basalt  vein. 

The  Colorado  M.  &  L.  Co.,  operating 
on  the  Dexter  claim  on  Bull  hill,  Cripple 
Creek,  have  a  shaft  down  500  feet  and 
will  sink  to  1000  feet.  Regular  ore  ship- 
ments are  being  maintained.  The  ore  Is 
giving  returns  of  $30  in  gold  to  the  ton. 
Stoplng  is  being  done  on  the  first,  second 
and  fourth  levels.  Another  station  will 
be  cut  at  570  feet.  The  management  pro- 
pose putting  in  an  air  compressor  to  sup- 
ply air  for  three  drills. 

The  heading  of  the  Cripple  Creek 
drainage  tunnel,  south  of  the  El  Paso 
shaft,  broke  through  into  the  north  lat- 
eral from  the  Ocean  Wave  shaft  on  the 
24th  ult.,  thus  opening  the  tunnel  for 
3000  feet  south  from  the  main  El  Paso 
workings,  says  the  Gazette.  There  then 
remained  73  feet  of  country  rock  between 
the  port  1  heading  and  the  south  heading 
of  the  Ocean  Wave  shaft,  which  was  ex- 
pected to  be  broken  out  in  five  days.  The 
contractors  pumped  out  the  Ocean  Wave 
shaft  and  put  men  to  work  south  toward 
the  portal.  When  this  is  Cut  through 
the  tunnel  will  be  open  from  the  portal  to 
1000  feet  north  of  the  El  Paso  shaft.  Au- 
gust 25  was  the  original  time  limit  for  the 
completion  of  the  tunnel,  but  as  the  con- 
tract carried  a  strike  clause  no  penalty 
will  be  inflicted  on  the  El  Paso  Co.,  which 
has  been  driving  the  bore.  The  tunnel 
was  started  seven  months  ago  and  was 
rushed  through,  gaining  about  ten  days 
on  the  contract  during  the  last  thirty 
days  prior  to  the  strike,  and  would  have 
been  completed  on  August  15  had  there 
been  no  strike  interference,  says  Superin- 
tendent W.  Bainbridge. 

Cripple  Creek  advices  of  September  2nd 
say  there  seems  to  be  a  likelihood  of  the 
State  troops  being  ordered  to  Cripple 
Creek.  The  sheriff  of  Teller  county  haB 
not  asked  for  troops,  but  it  is  understood 
that  an  appeal  for  protection  has  been 
made  to  the  Governor  by  business  men  of 
the  district.  The  C.  K.  &  N.  and  the  Old 
Gold  mines,  which  adjoin  the  El  Paso 
properties  on  Beacon  hill,  have  resumed. 
Manager  N.  Franklin  haB  fifteen  men  at 
work  at  the  Eagle  sampler,  handling  El 
Paso  ore.  Manager  J.  Burns  has  re- 
opened the  Portland  mine  and  has  500 
men  at  work.  Arrangements  were  made 
by  Burns  with  the  union  officials,  where- 
by both  union  and  non-union  men  would 
be  taken  on  and  soliciting  membership 
allowed  during  the  noon  hour.  The  Vin- 
dicator mine,  on  Bull  hill,  pulled  Its 
pumps  on  the  28th  ult.  and  the  mine  will 
be  allowed  to  fill  up  with  water.  This 
action  is  said  to  be  due  to  the  Hull  City 
and  Flndley  properties  having  failed  to 
pay  their  share  of  the  cost  of  pumping 
which  serves  to  unwater  all  the  proper- 
ties concerned.  The  Golden  Cycle,  as  well 
as  the  other  properties  named,  will  prob- 
ably be  flooded. 

IDAHO. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

The  10-stamp  mill  for  the  Magnolia 
mine,  near  Idaho  City,  is  on  the  ground, 
and  the  company  is  putting  up  a  saw  mill. 
The  shoot  on  the  Magnolia  has  been 
opened  for  200  feet.  The  ledge  is  20  feet 
wide,  averaging  $10  a  ton. 

M.  M.  Gibson  says  work  was  resumed 
this  week  on  the  Grant  and  Globe  quartz 
claims  In  Rocky  Gulch,  near  Idaho  City. 
The  tunnels  will  be  driven  ahead. 

A  development  plant  Is  proposed  for  the 
OBborne  mine  at  Pearl,  Idaho,  owned  by 
C.  J.  Bassett  et  al. 


CUSTER  COUNTY. 
The  Bachelor  mountain  mines  are  re- 
ported bonded  to  R.  Macbeth  et  al.  of 
Custer  and  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  for 
$7500.  The  group  is  said  to  show  a  21- 
foot  ledge  at  a  depth  of  160  feet,  with 
values  In  gold.  Men  have  been  put  to 
work. 

IDAHO  COUNTY. 

T.  Hye  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  manager  of 
the  Eureka  mines  at  Newsome,  says  he 
has  men  at  work  running  a  tunnel  500 
feet  long,  which  Is  In  95  feet.  They  are 
following  the  ledge,  which  Is  12  Inches 
wide.     The  company   plans  to  put  on  a 

5  stamp  mill  In  the  spring. 

Manager  Perkins  of  a  Pittsburg,  Pa., 
company  has  bought  the  Fuller- Lawrence 
group  of  ten  claims  and  three  fractions 
for  $100,000.  The  property  adjolnB  the 
Dewey  mines  near  Roosevelt,  In  Thunder 
Mountain  district. 

Machinery  Is  being  put  In  by  the  Pitts- 
burg Tunnel  M.  Co.  at  their  mines  near 
Roosevelt,  In  Thunder  Mountain  district. 
The  machinery  consists  of  a  shingle  mill, 
planer  and  joiner,  water  wheel  and  engine 
and  boiler.  A  sawmill  Is  being  set  up  and 
a  10-stamp  mill  will  be  built,  says  C.  R. 
Dixon,  a  director.  In  the  spring  an  elec- 
tric dynamo  will  be  put  in  to  furnish 
lights  for  the  mines  and  to  operate  the 
electric  drills. 

C.  J.  Perkins  et  al,  of  New  York,  have 
bought  the  H.  Y.  group  of  claims  near 
Roosevelt  and  a  cash  first  payment  of  $10,- 
000  made. 

KOOTENAI   COUNTY. 

W.  T.  Bailey  of  the  Continental  mine, 
near  Port  Hill,  states  the  company  will  not 
put  in  the  proposed  concentrator  till  next 
year.  At  that  time  they  expect  to  buUd 
a  100-ton  plant.  Work  is  progressing  on 
the  mine  and  ore  Is  being  taken  out  at 
rate  of  thirty  tons  per  day.  The  road 
from  Port  Hill  to  the  mine,  24  miles,  has 
been  repaired. 

LEMHI  COUNTY. 

President  St.  V.  Le  Sleur  of  the  Le 
Sleur  Opal  M.  Co.  says  they  have  begun 
to  operate  the  opal  mines  near  Forney. 
S.  L.  Le  Sleur  Is  manager.  The  company 
expects  to  have  its  plant  at  the  mine 
ready  for  turning  out  polished  opals  by 
Oct.  15. 

G.  W.  Thompson  and  N.  Hibbs  of  Lew- 
iston   have  bought  the  Richardson  Bros. 

6  Pope  group  of  claims  in  the  Salmon 
river  country  for  $200,000.  It  Is  intended 
to  begin  work  this  month  and  add  such 
machinery  as  is  needed. 

W.  L.  Cook  of  Nephi,  Utah,  reports 
having  men  at  work  opening  up  the  Royal 
Harlequin  group  of  opal  claims,  adjoining 
the  North  American  Opal  Co.,  near  Sal- 
mon City.  The  same  section,  says  Mr. 
Cook,  is  rich  in  lode  and  placer  gold. 
Ramey  Bros,  are  working  a  flat  on  Silver 
creek  with  hydraulic  power  with  good  re- 
turns. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 

At  the  Florida  Mountain  mill  of  the 
Trade  Dollar  M.  Co.,  at  Dewey,  the  bat- 
tery of  boilers  and  the  Corliss  engine  have 
been  displaced,  and  all  the  machinery  will 
be  run  by  electric  motors.  There  will  be 
three  motors:  A  75  H.  P.  motor  on  the 
upper  floor  and  connected  to  a  shaft  which 
will  run  the  batteries,  rock  breaker  and 
vanners;  a  100  H.  P.  motor  to  drive  the 
pans  and  settlers,  and  a  10  H.  P.  motor  in 
the  machine  shop  on  the  ground  floor. 
The  power  is  brought  from  the  Swan 
Falls  plant,  27  miles  distant  on  Snake 
river.  Aside  from  the  change  from  steam 
to  electric  power  at  Dewey,  other  improve- 
ments have  been  made.  The  machine 
shop,  formerly  at  the  Blaine  mill,  is  in  the 
Florida  Mountain  mill.  A  new  ore  house 
with  bins  of  larger  capacity  has  been  built 
at  the  end  of  the  tunnel  track  above  the 
mill,  and  connected  by  covered  tramway 
with  the  top  of  the  mill.  Heavier  rails 
have  been  laid  and  the  track  in  the  tun- 
nel made  a  broader  gauge,  with  a  view  of 
substituting  an  electric  motor  for  mule 
power. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 

Since  the  strike  made  on  the  O.  K.  mine 
last  week  it  is  the  intention  of  the  com- 
pany to  build  a  mill.  When  the  ore  shoot 
was  struck  on  the  400-foot  level  drifting 
was  started  and  has  gone  in  70  feet.  The 
ledge  is  4  feet  wide.  Of  this  there  are  2 
feet  of  milling  ore.  The  O.  K.  mine  ad- 
joins the  Silver  King  mine,  near  Ward- 
ner.  B.  F.  O'Neill,  A.  Burch,  O.  H.  Linn 
and  J.  W.  Fllnk  are  interested. 

A  company  is  being  organized  at  Oro- 
fino  to  exploit  the  coal  prospects  on  Oro- 
fino  creek.  Considerable  work  has  been 
done  and  the  quality  of  coal  is  said  to  be 
improving. 

MICHIGAN. 

CANYON  COUNTY. 
The  Magnolia  group,  on  Miller  moun- 
tain, near  Nampa,  will  be  equipped  with 
a  20-stamp  mill  by  the  Nampa  M.  Co., 
which  owns  it.  Ore  bodleB  have  been  de- 
veloped averaging  $15  per  ton  in  gold. 
Miller  mountain  is  on  the   State  wagon 


158 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1903. 


road  near  the  crossing  of   the  Payette 
river. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

Sinking  is  progressing  in  the  Allouez 
shaft  of  the  Allouez  C.  M.  Co.,  at  Allouez, 
on  the  Kearsarge  amygdaloid,  the  over- 
burden of  50  feet  having  been  successfully 
gone  through,  and  is  in  the  ledge. 
HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  jigs  are  in  place  at  the  Franklin 
mill  at  Hancock  for  the  fourth  head,  and 
the  other  work  incidental  to  installing 
the  head  is  progressing,  says  the  News. 

The  Elm  River  Co.,  since  resuming 
work  on  the  Winona  lode,  near  Winona, 
last  June,  has  sunk  its  No.  2  shaft  to  the 
300-foot  mark.  Two  drills  are  running 
and  it  is  intended  to  carry  this  shaft  to  a 
depth  of  1000  feet  and  then  drift,  to  thor- 
oughly test  the  lode  at  depth.  The  low- 
est drifts  were  at  a  depth  of  250  feet  from 
the  surface. 

The  burning  of  A  shafthouse  of  the  At- 
lantic mine,  near  Houghton,  has  delayed 
development  work.  The  erection  of 
a  temporary  shaftbouse  is  under  way. 
Eight  drills  have  been  used  in  the  drifts 
tributary  to  A  shaft,  but  these  have 
been  divided  between  B  and  D  shafts.  As 
A  shaft  produced  not  over  25%  of  the  At- 
lantic rock,  the  management,  by  crowding 
B  and  D  shafts,  can  maintain  nearly 
the  former  output  until  A  shaft  is 
again  in  commission.  The  copper  con- 
tents of  the  lode,  which  for  the  first  six 
months  of  1903  averaged  in  excess  of  sev- 
enteen pounds  per  ton  of  rock,  have  re- 
cently shown  a  falling  off,  present  results 
beng  sixteen  pounds  per  ton,  says  the 

N©W9 

MONTANA. 

DEER  LODGE  COUNTY. 

Official  announcement  has  been  made 
that  operations  will  be  resumed  at  the 
concentrator  at  the  Washoe  smelter  at 
Anaconda  on  Sept.  10th. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  T.  Riser  has  men  on  de- 
velopment work  on  the  Wright  mine,  be- 
tween the  Kendall  and  Barnes-King  mines 
near  Kendall.  The  main  tunnel  is  being 
extended  along  the  hanging  wall  of  the 
ore  body.  It  is  intended  to  drive  this  tun- 
nel 700  feet.  It  is  said  the  ore  can  be 
worked  by  cyaniding. 

GRANITE  COUNTY. 

The  Willow  Creek  M.  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized at  Philipsburg  by  J.  H.  Grant 
and  D.  Olson  of  Philipsburg,  and  W.  H. 
Wahl  and  T.  J.  Haugeberg  of  Washburn, 
N.  D.  The  company  owns  a  group  of 
seven  claims  on  Willow  creek,  16  miles 
west  of  Philipsburg,  and  has  in  addition 
a  millsite,  water  rights,  etc.  The  ore  is  a 
free-milling  gold  proposition. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 
Canol  &  Martin  of  Helena,  who  are 
working  the  Sure  Thing  mine,  in  the  On- 
tario district,  near  Basin,  will  sink  another 
100  feet  from  the  200- foot  level.  They 
have  started  their  mill  on  the  Argo  and 
Eclipse  mines  in  Hellgate  canyon  and  are 
producing  10  tons  of  concentrating  ore 
per  day,  which  averages  15%  copper. 
They  propose  to  double  the  capacity  of 
the  mill. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

The  Piegan  M.  Co.,  near  Marysvllle,  has 
bonded  three  adjoining  claims  from  the 
Kelly  Bros,  of  Empire,  on  which  is  a  vein 
40  feet  wide,  and  development  work  is  un- 
der way. 

Development  work  is  progressing  in  the 
Liverpool  mines  In  Lump  gulch,  9  miles 
from  Helena,  and  ore  is  being  taken  out. 
Shipments  will  begin  next  week.  At  the 
500-foot  level  a  drift  is  being  driven  east 
on  the  vein.  While  work  is  being  done  on 
the  500,  600  and  750-foot  levels,  no  stoping 
has  been  done.  Stoping  will  begin  next 
week  at  the  600-foot  and  750-foot  levels. 
The  ore  has  to  be  hauled  H  mile  down  hill 
and  the  cost  of  taking  to  the  smelter  is 
expected  not  to  be  over  $1  a  ton.  The  ore 
runs  well  In  silver. 

SILVER  BOW  COUNTY. 

Judge  Clancy,  in  the  District  Court  at 
Butte,  on  the  29th  ult.,  in  the  so-called 
"Nipper  case,"  rendered  the  decision  for 
the  United  C.  Co.  (the  plaintiff)  as  against 
the  Washoe  M.  Co.  and  the  Anaconda 
C.  Co.  The  United  C.  Co.  claimed  the  ore 
bodies  on  the  theory  that  they  were  ex- 
tralateral  portions  of  the  Nipper  vein, 
which  they  alleged  had  an  existence  in 
the  Nipper  claim  and  crossed  it  east  and 
west  and  dipped  to  the  south  through  the 
south  side  line.  This  was  denied  by  the 
defendants,  who  claimed  the  so-called 
Nipper  apex  and  vein  did  not  exist,  and 
that  the  only  vein  in  the  Nipper  claim 
was  the  Blue  X  fault  or  fissure.  An  ap- 
peal will  be  taken  to  the  Supreme  Court. 

NEVADA- 
elko  COUNTY. 
The  slimes  plant,  with  which  the  mills 
of  the  mines  at   Tuscarora  of  the  Dexter 


M.  Co  are  being  equipped,  will  be  ready 
for  operation  this  week.  It  is  designed  to 
recover  the  auriferous  contents  from  30,- 
000  tons  of  material  that  fill  the  slimes 
pond,  averaging  $5  per  ton  value. 

ESMERALDA   COUNTY. 

At  Gold  Mountain,  41  miles  southwest 
of  Tonopah  (Nye  county),  the  Gormy  & 
Bjornerud  group  of  seven  claims,  adjoin- 
ing the  Battleship  group  on  the  south, 
were  sold  last  week  to  the  Gold  Mountain- 
Eagle  M.  Co.  of  California.  H.  J.  Gormy 
is  manager  and  has  begun  development 
work. 

NYE  COUNTY. 

At  Cloverdale,  C.  Sweeney  of  Spokane, 
Wash.,  is  reported  to  have  bought  the 
King-Baldwin  group  of  seven  claims,  1 
mile  from  the  original  Workman  discov- 
ery, for  $5000. 

STOREY   COUNTY. 

The  Butters  Co.  has  bought  the  Impe- 
rial mine  dump  at  Gold  Hill,  and  will 
crush  the  material  at  the  Best  &  Belcher 
mill  and  flume  the  tailings  to  their  plant 
In  Six-Mile  canyon. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

A.  J.  Prltchett,  S.  Porteous  et  al  of 
Reno  report  finding  a  ledge  of  quartz 
carrying  free  gold,  i  mile  from  the  South- 
ern Pacific  railroad  track,  27  miles  east  of 
Reno  and  about  8  miles  west  of  Wads- 
worth. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

Manager  P.  H.  Cannon  of  the  Old  Im- 
perial M.  Co.,  near  Cherry  Creek,  reports 
development  work  progressing  on  the 
drifts  at  the  250  foot  level  of  the  New  Cen- 
tury mine.  -They  are  taking  out  good 
grade  gold-silver  ore  the  full  width  of  both 
drifts.  A  blast  and  fan  are  now  supplying 
fresh  air  in  the  drifts  and  eighteen  men 
are  at  work.  An  assaying  laboratory  has 
been  built. 

Work  on  the  Rising  Sun  group,  near 
Ely,  has  opened  up  a  vein  of  copper  ore  4 
feet  In  width,  and  assaying  20%  copper, 
with  some  values  in  gold,  says  the  White 
Pine  Miner.  M.  McDonald  of  Tonopah 
has  an  option  on  the  group. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT   COUNTY. 

The  Santa  Rita  M.  Co.'s  concentrating 
mill  at  Santa  Rita  has  been  enlarged  and 
remodeled  and  four  slime  tables  added  to 
the  equipment.  The  mill  has  capacity  of 
180  tons  per  day.  Operations  were  re- 
sumed this  week. 

W.  McAllister  of  Sliver  City  reports 
making  arrangements  for  a  60-ton  con- 
centrator to  handle  the  low-grade  ores  of 
the  Aztec  group  of  mines  at  Pinos  Altos. 
The  Aztec  mill,  1  mile  north  of  the  town, 
will  be  moved  and  set  up  with  the  new 

plant  at  the  mines. The  Mogollon  G. 

&  C.  Co.  have  added  a  boiler  and  engine 
to  their  plant. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  Mescalero  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
Incorporated,  with  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness at  Roswell,  by  J.  A.  Ryan,  C.  R 
Young,  A.  L.  Norfleet  and  J.  E.  Hurd, 
the  last  named  being  the  general  mana- 
ger. The  company  owns  ten  claims  on 
Rio  Bonlto. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

S.  Blnns  of  Baxter  Springs,  Kan.,  man- 
ager, says  he  Is  arranging  for  a  copper 
reduction  plant  at  the  Archibald  &  Pet- 
tis mines,  near  Mineral  Hill. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 
Machinery  for  the  Alpine  20-s tamp  mill, 
near  Sumpter,  is  on  the  ground,  says  J. 
Temple  Grayson,  manager  of  the  Alpine 
M.  Co.  The  sawmill  will  begin  cutting 
lumber  this  week  for  the  mill. 

D.  Grant  and  B.  Rusk  of  Bourne  last 
week  bought,  for  $30,000,  three  claims  in 
the  Platts  group,  on  the  Rock  creek  side 
of  the  Elkhorn  divide,  and  adjoining  the 
Oregon  Clipper  of  the  South  Pole  group, 
near  Sumpter,  says  the  Miner.  Develop- 
ment work  will  be  started. 

J.  W.  Larkin  of  the  Cougar  mine,  near 
Sumpter,  says  work  is  progressing.  The 
crosscut  is  being  driven  and  arrange- 
ments are  being  made  to  resume  work  at 
the  mill. 

The  Don  Juan  mine,  near  Sumpter,  has 
been  sold  to  J  W.  Davidson  for  Michigan 
men.'  Davidson  Is  making  arrangements 
for  pumping  out  the  shaft  and  opening  up 
the  lower  workings. 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

Men  have  been  put  to  work  at  the  Riv- 
erside mine,  near  Bohemia.  Work  will 
hereafter  be  done  by  the  day,  instead  of 
by  contract.  Another  tunnel  has  been 
started  on  the  vein,  which  will  be  used  as 
a  working  tunnel  for  the  entire  group. 
GRANT    COUNTY. 

E.  S.  Topping  and  W.  E.  Sanders  have 
a  bond  on  the  Monitor  claim,  adjoining 
the  Oriole  mine,  near  Susanville.  The 
Monitor  is  one  full  claim  and  a  fraction, 


and  will  be  worked  In  connection  with  the 
Oriole.  Operations  will  be  started  next 
week,  and  It  is  expected  plans  for  a  mill 
will  be  considered. 

The  Stockton  M.  Co.  at  Galena  is  pre- 
paring to  resume  development.  It  is  in- 
tended to  sink  a  new  shaft  in  the  vertical 
and  to  build  a  mill. 

Manager  A  H.  Willett  reports  develop- 
ment work  will  begin  next  week  on  the 
Copperopolis  mine,  in  Quartzburg  dis- 
trict, near  Granite. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA, 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

Operations  on  the  Hercules  mine  and 
the  Branch  Mint  M.  Co.  mine  in  the  Bear 
Butte  district  near  Deadwood  are  pro- 
gressing; also  at  the  Golden  Crest,  Gilt 
Edge-Maid,  Ruby  and  Oro  Pino  proper- 
ties. Work  of  change  in  the  milling 
plants  of  the  Branch  Mint  is  under  way. 
The  water  has  been  pumped  out  of  the 
workings  of  the  Hercules,  and  drifting  on 
the  body  of  porphyrite  ore  which  exists 
at  the  230-foot  level  of  the  mine  has  been 
started. 

The  Rex  M.  Co.,  operating  a  mile  south 
of  Lead,  report  the  double-compartment 
shaft  In  ore,  being  a  white  quartz  carry- 
ing values  of  about  $7  a  ton,  and  showing 
galena.  Sinking  continues  and  crosscut- 
ting  will  be  started.  It  is  expected  a 
treatment  plant  will  be  built. 

Alterations  at  the  Hidden  Fortune  mill, 
below  Deadwood,  are  progressing  and  the 
company  expects  to  be  ready  for  work  by 
Sept.  1.  A  plate  house  is  being  built  and 
amalgamating  plates  will  be  put  in  over 
which  the  ore  will  be  run  after  it  has 
been  treated  In  the  cyanide  vats.  This 
mill  has  a  capacity  of  300  tons  dally.  As 
soon  as  the  first  section  is  on  a  permanent 
working   basis  the  company  proposes  to 

double  its  size.- The  Capital  G.  M.  &  M. 

Co.  has  been  incorporated  by  local  Lin- 
coln, Neb  ,  men  to  operate  a  group  of 
claims  at  Texana,  along  the  Northwestern 
road,  in  Deadwood  gulch,  3  miles  above 
Central  City.  This  group  consists  of  sixty 
acres  and  the  company  also  has  under 
bond  a  number  of  other  claims  adjoining. 
J.  Harrop  of  Lincoln,  Neb.,  with  C.  H. 
Nelson  and  C.  P.  Ames  of  Deadwood  are 
officers. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 

The  Horn  Silver  mine  at  Frisco  is  main- 
taining dally  shipments  of  fifty  tons  to 
the  smelters.  The  ore  averages  30%  In 
lead.  An  increase  in  output  is  expected 
this  fall. 

F.  O.  Meakln  of  Salt  Lake  City  of  the 
Wasatch  King  M.  Co.  reports  having  men 
at  work  upon  their  group  In  the  northern 
part  of  Beaver  Lake  district,  near  Mil- 
ford.  In  the  copper  vein,  which  is  4  feet 
wide,  there  are  20  inches  of  ore  that  runs 
high  grade.  The  gold  vein  opened  on  an- 
other claim  is  also  showing  values. 

J.  E.  Meyer  of  Salt  Lake  City  of  the 
Federal  G.  &  C.  M.  Co  ,  operating  near 
Milford,  says  two  shafts  are  being  sunk. 
The  Federal  group  adjoins  the  Majestic 
on  one  side. 

IRON    COUNTY. 

The  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron  Co.  made  an 
addition  to  its  Utah  holdings  last  week  by 
buying  for  $90,000  of  the  Taylor  estate  six 
iron  claims  near  Kanarraville,  says  the 
Tribune.  The  six  claims  are  the  Blowout, 
Excelsior,  Black  Magnetic,  Chesapeake, 
Duncan  and  Desert  Mound.  The  Duncan 
is  said  to  contain  a  large  body  of  soft  hem- 
atite. The  Desert  Mound  is  also  a 
hematite  proposition  and  is  favorably 
situated  for  working,  being  accessible  to  a 
railroad.  The  Blowout  has  the  largest 
amount  of  iron  in  sight  of  the  group.  A 
few  men  are  at  work  on  experimental  de- 
velopment. There  is  thought  to  be  no 
Intention  of  a  local  treatment  plant,  as  the 
company  already  has  a  large  plant  at 
Pueblo,  Colo.  Another  objection  to  a  local 
iron  smelter  is  the  insufficiency  of  water 
and  coal  in  the  vicinity. 

JUAB  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  Legg  says  arrangements 
are  being  made  for  the  50-ton  concentra- 
tor for  the  Uncle  Sam  mine,  near  Eureka, 
and  he  expects  the  mill  to  be  in  operation 
by  Nov.  10.  Water  will  be  procured  from 
the  Bullion-Beck  pipe  line. 

W.  D.  Sheppard  has  men  at  work  on 
the  Pioneer  mine,  south  of  Diamond,  and 
is  putting  up  a  gasoline  hoist.  A  mill  will 
be  in  operation  by  Nov.  1. 

The  Centennlal-Eureka  mine  shaft  at 
Eureka  has  been  completed  to  the  six- 
teenth level — a  depth  of  1800  feet — and  a 
station  is  being  cut  at  that  point. 

At  Mammoth,  the  management  of  the 
Victor  Con.  mine  report  taking  out  high- 
grade  ore  from  the  500  foot  level  at  a 
point  under  the  winze  where  ore  was 
struck  at  depth  of  60  feet  below  the  400- 
foot  level. 

The  Black  Jack  mine  shaft,  near  Eu- 
reka, says  Manager  D.  Evans,  is  down 
1180  feet,  being  put  down  at  rate  of  4  feet 


per  day.  It  will  continue  to  the  1400-foot 
point. 

Manager  Joseph  of  the  Carlsa  mine  at 
Eureka  says  a  number  of  lessees  on  their 
ground  are  shipping  ore — both  copper  and 
silver-lead — and  the  company  is  taking 
out  copper  ore  from  the  tunnel,  the  100- 
foot  level  and  the  700- foot  level.  The  new 
ore  body  opened  up  by  the  company  on 
the  1000-foot  level  Is  showing  good  values. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

At  the  Sevier  Con.  M.  Co.'s  group,  near 
Richfield,   the  mill  Is  nearing  completion, 

Acting  Manager  C.  W.  Foster  says. 

Six  miners  are  at  work  in  the  tunnel  on 
the  Annie  Laurie  Extension,  and  another 
shift  will  be  added  next  week.  The  An- 
nie Laurie  vein  is  expected  to  be  tapped 
by  Sept.  10th. 

L.  Neilsen  is  driving  a  tunnel  on  the 
Outzen  group,  in  Mount  Baldy  district, 
near  Marysvale. 

Needed  repairs  are  being  made  at  the 
Trapper's  Pride  mine,  near  Marysvale, 
says  Superintendent  A.  D.  McLaln,  after 
which  more  men  will  be  put  on  and  fur- 
ther development  work  done. 

P.  A.  H.  Franklin  of  Salt  Lake  City  Is 
reported  to  have  bought  the  Deer  Trail 

mine,  near  Richfield. Shipments  of  ore 

have  begun  from  the  Aldebaran  mine, 
says  Superintendent  B.  T.  Ashby.  In  the 
winze  being  sunk  on  the  shoot  values  are 
showing. 

SALT   LAKE   COUNTY. 

The  Michaelson  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  at  Salt  Lake  City  by  C.  O. 
Michaelson,  P.  I.  Dockendorf,  D.  Bur- 
lough  and  J.  H.  Hiller. 

The  equipment  at  the  lime  quarry  of 
the  American  S  &  R.  Co.,  north  of  Salt 
Lake  City,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire 
last  week,  is  being  replaced.  The  new 
crushers  and  other  machinery  are  on  the 
ground.  The  fire  caused  no  cooling  of 
furnaces  at  the  smelters,  as  they  have  a 
reserve  supply  constantly  on  hand. 

The  Little  Eddie  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  at  Salt  Lake  City  by 
E.  McCarrick,  A.  H  Page  and  J.  McCar- 
rick,  to  operate  in  Bingham. 

There  are  twenty-two  teams  and  forty 
men  employed  on  the  Utah  Copper  Co. 
concentrator  site  at  Bingham,  doing  grad- 
ing work.  Concrete  work  began  this 
week. 

The  Continental  Alta  M.  Co.  Is  work- 
ing 300  men  on  the  Grizzly  and  Lavlnia 
claims  at  Alta,  says  the  Tribune.  No  ore 
is  being  shipped  as  yet,  but  is  being 
blocked  out. Down  at  the  Albion  tun- 
nel machine  drills  are  being  used. 

At  the  Silver  Shield  mine,  at  Bingham, 
Manager  H.  S.  Joseph  says  it  seems  that 
the  Niagara  tunnel  at  5300  feet  has  broken 
into  the  vein  that  has  been  worked  In  the 
upper  levels.  The.  mineralized  portion  of 
the  vein  is  3  feet  in  thickness,  and  1  foot 
carries  32%  lead,  seven  ounces  in  silver 
and  6%  copper. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

At  the  Keith-Dearns  mine,  near  Park 
City,  work  Is  progressing  on  the  mill 
which  is  expected  to  be  ready  for  opera- 
tion by  October  1. 

The  management  of  the  Daly-Judge  M. 
Co.,  operating  at  Park  City,  has  decided 
to  use  a  gasoline  locomotive  for  move- 
ment of  ore  cars  In  the  tunnel  between 
the  mine  and  mill,  in  which  new  tracks 
are  being  laid  It  1b  expected  the  track 
laying  will  be  finished  next  week.  The 
mine  is  shut  down,  pending  these  im- 
provements, says  Manager  O.  J.  Salis- 
bury. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY  COUNTY. 

Near  Danville,  the  Lucile  Dreyfus  mine 
has  six  men  at  work,  and  is  sending  out 
fifteen  tons  of  ore  per  day  to  the  smelter. 

The  Mineral  Hill  Con.   M.  Co.   has 

started  work  on  a  tunnel  on  the  Copper 
Bullion  claim,  which  will  be  driven  1100 
feet.  This  is  expected  to  open  the  exten- 
sion of  the  Lueile  Dreyfus  vein,  says  Man- 
ager Humphreys  of  Spokane. 

Superintendent  H.  Brooks  has  put  men 
to  work  on  the  St.  Crispen  mine,  on 
Sheep  creek,  near  Northport.  The  mine 
carries  gold  and  copper  values. 

At  Republic,  at  a  depth  of  600  feet  in 
the  Quilp  mine,  a  20-inch  streak  of  ore 
has  been  opened  up,  says  E.  L.  Tate. 
The  values  average  $200  in  gold  per  ton. 
The  ore  was  firBt  struck  in  the  400-foot 
level,  which  is  525  feet  deep,  and  drifted 
on  for  90  feet.  It  proved  5  feet  wide,  with 
a  high-grade  streak  of  20  inches.  It  car- 
ries seventy-five  ounces  silver  per  ton  In 
addition  to  the  gold.  Development  work 
continues,  and  fourteen  cars  of  ore  per 
week  are  shipped  to  the  smelter. 

Manager  W.  D.  Church  of  the  Tom 
Thumb  mine,  near  Republic,  says  as  soon 
as  arrangements  are  made  with  the  smelt- 
ers to  take  sufficient  ore  to  pay  for  pump- 
ing the  water  out  of  the  mine  It  will  be 
reopened . 

W.  Hoffstedter,  J.  O'Donnell  and  J. 
Meyer  have  taken  a  lease  on  the  Copper 


September  5,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


159 


King  mine,   on   Belcher   mountain,    near 

Republic,  and  will  start  work    this  week. 

LINCOLN  COONTY. 

Iowa  men  have  bought  the  Evergreen 
mining  claim,  In  Ceuar  canyon,  near  Dav- 
enport, of  Davis  Bros,  for  13000,  says  the 
Spokesman-Review.  The  claim  Is  a  cop- 
per prospect  and  adjoins  the  Turk  group 
of  claims.  The  new  owners  have  i  ut  four 
men  to  work,  continuing  the  shaft. 
OKANOGAN  CODNTY. 

J.  Drumheller,  of  Spokane,  and  J. 
Wentworth,  of  Loomle,  with  New  York 
men  have  Incorporated  the  Copper  World 
O.  M.  &  S.  Co.,  to  operate  the  Copper 
World  group  of  fifteen  claims.  Shafts 
and  tunnels  will  be  started  and  later  It  Is 
expected  to  build  a  smelter. 

W.  G.  Madison  of  Spokane,  manager  of 
the  mines  of  the  Bodle  M  Co.,  near  Cur- 
lew, says  he  Is  putting  in  machinery  for 
the  milling  plant,  which  consists  of  a  10- 
stamp  amalgamation- cyanide  mill,  a  saw- 
mill and  a  power  plant  for  both  The 
sawmill  will  have  a  capacity  of  15,000  feet 
of  lumber  per  day,  and  the  power  plant 
will  furnish  60  H.  P. 

SNOHOMISH  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  the  Amalgamated  Copper 
Co.  has  bought  the  Monte  Crlsto  mine 
and  smelter  at  Monte  Crlsto. 

WYOMING. 

ALBANY  COUNTY. 
A  body  of  covellite  Is  reported  struck  in 
the  Albany  mine,  3  miles  east  of  the  Ram 
bier  mine  at  Holmes,  in  the  Douglas  dls 
trlct.  It  is  owned  by  the  American 
Copper  Co. 

UINTA  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  Demlog  says  the  well  of 
the  Idaho-Wyoming  Oil  Co.  at  Spring 
valley  Is  1350  feet  deep  and  the  drill  is  in 
slate.  The  Spring  valley  field  is  an  ex- 
tension of  the  Fossil  field  and  has  several 
producing  wells.  It  Is  expected  that  the 
Idaho-Wyoming  well  will  have  to  pene- 
trate 150  feet  more  of  shale  to  reach  the 
oil-bearing  sandstone.  The  wells  in  Spring 
valley  are  from  1200  to  1700  feet  deep.  In 
the  latter  the  oil  has  risen  1200  feet  and  a 
pump  is  being  put  in  to  raise  it. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

NATAL. 
It  is  reported  an  important  find  of  cas- 
elterite  has  been  made  near  Ichanga  Sta- 
tion, says  the  South  African  Mines. 

TRANSVAAL. 

The  following  table  gives  the  gold  yield 

of  the  Transvaal  for  the  years  indicated: 

Year.  . Value , 

1884 £10.000  $48,665  00 

1885 6,000  29  199  00 

1886 35  000  170  327  50 

1887 169000  822.43850 

1888 967,000  4,705,90550 

1889 1,491.000  7.255,95150 

1890 1,870,000  9.100,35500 

1891 2,938,000  14  297,777.00 

1892 4698,000  22  862  817.00 

1893 5,649,000  27,490,858  50 

1894 78119,000  38,002.498  50 

1895 8,578.000  41,744  837  00 

1896 8,598,000  41842.167  00 

1897 11,476,000  55,847.954  00 

1898 16.044,135  78,078,683  17 

1899 15,782,640  76  806,217  56 

1900 1,457.684  7.093.81900 

1901 1,014  687  4,937  974  28 

1902 7,269,888  35,378,90995 

1903    (June 

30) 5,579,730  27,153,756  04 


Total . . .  .£101,442,764  $493,671,211  00 
WEST  AFRICA. 

At  the  Himan  concessions  sinking  is 
suspended  pending  installation  of  sinking 
and  pumping  machinery,  which  has  ar- 
rived on  the  ground.  The  shaft  is  down 
100  feet. 

AUSTRALIA. 

QUEENSLAND. 

At  the  Lancelot  Freehold  Tin  &  Copper 
Co.,  at  Newellton,  during  July  the  5- 
stamp  battery  crushed  213  tons  Lancelot 
tin  ore  for  thirty  tons  of  dressed,  65%  tin- 
bismuth  ore. 

The  Mungana,  at  Chlllagoe,  report  for 
July  1549  tons  of  ore  handled  containing 
95|  tons  of  copper,  7912  ounces  of  silver 
and  165  tons  of  lead. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

At  Kalgoorlie,  the  need  of  thoroughly 
prospecting  in  depth  the  large  area  of 
abandoned  ground  lying  south  of  the  pro- 
ductive section  of  the  Kalgoorlie  Golden 
Mile  Is  shown  by  the  extraction  of 
gold-bearing  ore  from  a  small  lease,  known 
as  the  Merriwee,  In  that  part  of  the  dis- 
trict, says  the  West  Australian  Journal. 
The  rock  is  of  hard  quartz  intermixed 
with  ironstone,  and  the  results  obtained 
from  two  crushings  show  it  to  carry  8 
dwt.   gold    over    a  width    of    18    inches. 


With  a  view  to  further  testing  the  reef 
the  shaft  will  be  deepened  from  30  feet  to 
50  feet. 

The  Cosmopolitan  Proprietary  at  Koo- 
kynle,  In  North  Cooleardle  field,  has  sunk 
the  main  shaft  100J  feet  on  the  underlay. 

The  report  issued  by  the  government 
assistant  geologist  shows  that  the  Princess 
Royal  reef  at  Cue  has  yielded  6534  ounces 
for  6720  tons.  Of  this  quantity  449  tons 
came  from  the  Royal  Secret,  the  yield 
from  it  being  364  ounces.  The  amount  of 
cyanldlng  that  was  done  on  the  Princess, 
and  which  was  the  means  of  helping  to 
hold  the  ground  so  long,  was  2370  tons, 
which  yielded  3D9  ounces.  Besides  the 
addition  of  plant,  which  Increased  devel- 
opment necessitated  at  the  new  shaft, 
several  buildings  have  been  erected  on 
the  lease. 

Hereafter  the  monthly  yields  from  most 
of  the  Western  Australia  mines  controlled 
by  Bewick,  Moreing  &  Co  are  to  be 
given  in  fine  gold,  says  the  West  Austra- 
lian Journal.  The  Lake  View  Consols  and 
Ivanhoe  already  declare  their  outputs  in 
fine  ounces,  and  the  supplementary  list  of 
companies  now  to  follow  suit  includes  the 
Sons  of  Gwalla,  the  Great  Fingall,  the 
Golden  Age  Consolidated,  the  East  Mur- 
chlson,  Waroonga  South  and  the  Vivian. 

A  diamond  drill  borehole  Is  being  put 

down  from  the  surface  of  the  Kalgoorlie 
Amalgamated,  south  of  the  Golden  Link's 
Eclipse  mill  at  Kalgoorlie.  This  is  to 
pick  up  the  run  of  ore  being  worked  in 
the  Eclipse  lease The  Hannan's  Re- 
ward Co  ,  Mt  Charlotte,  is  still  negotiat- 
ing with  the  Government  for  assistance  in 
carrying  out  some  development  in  deep 
ground  with  the  diamond  drill. 

The  Altona  North  mine  at  North  Kal- 
goorlie is  being  worked  by  trlbuters,  who 
are  to  sink  a  minimum  depth  of  100  feet 
in   twelve   months.     There  are  nine  men 

working. Manager  W.    Bright  of   the 

Eagle-Hawk-Heather  Co.  has  completed 
the  purchase  of  the  MisBing  Link,  a  10- 
acre  lease  at  Niagara,  for  £2500.  The  Link 
adjoins  the  leases  operated  by  the  Eagle- 
Hawk-Heather  Co. 

At  Coolgardie  231  tons  of  ore  drawn 
from  the  900  and  1000-foot  levels  of  Bay- 
ley's  were  cleaned  up  for  86  ozs.  16  dwts. 
of  gold.  Concentrates  yielded  an  addi- 
tional 70  07.s  7  dwts.  The  management, 
per  instructions  from  London,  has  closed 
down  the   mine   pending    reconstruction. 

The    last  seam   of  ore  Intersected  by 

the  crosscut  at  the  400-foot  level  of  Bay- 
ley's  Consols  shows  a  width  of  5}  feet,  but 
average  assay  value  is  low. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY    DISTRICT. 

Development  has   been   started   on   the 

Gold  Bug  claim  in  Providence  Camp 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Ah 
There  mine  in  Deadwood  camp,  and  ore  is 

being  taken  out The  Gold  Finch  claim 

in  Skylark  camp  has  been  bonded  to  D 
W.  McVicar  and  W.  T  Hunter,  manager 
of  the  Hunter-Kendrick  Co.,  Greenwood. 
The  claim  will  be  worked  in  connection 
with  the  E.  P.  U.  claim  adjoining  it. 

Foreman  Holman  of  the  Mother  Lode 
mine,  at  Deadwood,  with  a  force  of  fifty- 
five  men,  for  ten  days  or  more  supplied 
sufficient  ore  to  keep  two  furnaces  at  the 
smelter  in  operation— 600  or  700  tons  daily, 
says  the  Miner. 

Work  and  shipments  will  be  resumed  at 
the  Winnipeg  mine,  In  Wellington  camp, 
near  Hartford  Junction,  2  miles  east  of 
Phoenix,  says  R.  Plewman,  president  and 
managing  director  of  the  company. 

The  British  Columbia  mine,  at  Eholt, 
has  closed  down  again.  During  the  past 
eighteen  months  considerable  high-grade 
copper  has  been  shipped. 

The  Goldfinch  mine,  in  Skylark  Camp, 
near  Greenwood,  has  been  bonded  by  D. 
W.  McVicar,  manager  of  the  E  Plurlbus 
Unum,  and  W.  T.  Hunter  of  the  Hunter- 
Kendrick  Co.  The  Goldfinch  adjoins  the 
E  Plurlbus  Unum  and  will  be  worked  in 
connection  with  it. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

The  Alice  mine,  near  Creston,  will  re- 
sume operations  next  week.  This  ouine  is 
owned  by  a  Manchester,  Eog  ,  company. 
Development  work  will  be  Increased  and  a 
concentrator  will  be  built. 

On  Perry  creek,  near  Fort  Steele,  work 
is  progressing  at  the  Badger  and  Red 
Mountain  group  of  mines.  A  ditch  4C00 
feet  in  length  Is  being  built.  Water  power 
is  obtained  sufficient  to  run  a  battery  of 
five  stamps.     A  contract  has  been  let  to 

run  a  working  tunnel The  Kootenay 

Perry  Creek  Co.  have  sunk  a  shaft  20 
feet,  striking  the  rimrock,  and  are  sinking 
another  shaft  in  the  old  tunnel  which  Is 

expected  to  reach  bedrock. The  Perry 

Creek  M.  &  H.  Co.  have  completed  the 
grade  for  a  ditch  and  are  putting  in  a 
flume  IS  mile  in  length.  They  have  forty 
men  at  work. 

The  Morrissey  coal  mines  are  averaging 
over  1100  tons  daily. 

A  group  of  nineteen  coal  licenses  for 
claims  up  Elk  creek,  above  Michel,  were 


Issued  to  as  many  Fernie  citizens  last 
week. 

LILLOOET   DISTRICT. 

The  judgments  against  the  Torontc- 
Llllooet  Gold  Reefs  Co.  having  been  satis- 
fied it  is  expected  work  on  this  company's 
properties,  near  Lillooet,  will  be  resumed 
this  month. 

NANAIMO    DISTRICT. 

The  Tacoma  owners  of  the  Marble  Bay 
copper-gold  mines,  on  Texada island,  have 
resented  the  demand  of  the  local  branch 
of  the  Western  Federation  of  Miners  for 
an  eight-hour  shift  for  miners  and  a  nine- 
hour  shift  for  carpenters,  teamsters  and 
surface  laborers  at  present  wages  by  clos- 
ing down  the  mines  altogether. 
ROSSLAND  DISTRICT. 

The  Iron  Horse  mine  has  been  added  to 
the  list  of  those  operating  in  the  Rossland 
camp,  says  the  Rossland  Miner.  The 
mine  has  been  opened  up,  and  smelter 
test  shipments  are  being  extracted  from 
the  ore  bodies  blocked  out.  The  Iron 
Horse  adjoins  the  Kootenay  on  the  east. 
The  principal  holders  in  the  proprietary 
company  are  the  Reddin-Jackson  Co.  of 
Rossland  and  A.  E.  Humphries  of  Denver, 
Colo. 

SLOCAN    DISTRICT. 

A  1000  foot  tunnel  will  be  started  this 
week  on  the  Howard  fraction,  near  Slo- 
can  City,  to  tap  four  ledges  at  vertical 
depth  of  700  feet.  The  property  1b  owned 
by  Virginia  men,  with  J.  M  M.  Benne- 
dum  as  superintendent.  Ten  men  are  at 
work  and  more  will  be  taken  on.  The 
company  also  intends  to  build  a  wagon 
road  and  erect  a  mill  to  treat  the  second- 
class  ore  on  the  dump- Work  at   the 

American  Boy  is  confined  principally  to 
driving  an  intermediate  tunnel  between 
Nos.  4  and  5  and  raising  on  the  vein  con- 
necting all  three. 

VANCOUVER  ISLAND. 

The  Texada  Miners'  Union  having 
withdrawn  its  demands  for  a  nine-hour 
day  for  carpenters  and  blacksmiths,  the 
Marble  Bay  mines  will  reopen  this  week, 
says  the  Rossland  Miner.  The  company 
has  for  some  time  past  recognized  the 
union,  in  so  far  as  the  payment  of  the 
regular  scale  of  wages  for  miners  is  con- 
cerned, but  has  reserved  the  right  to  em- 
ploy non-union  men.  At  the  Van  Anda 
mines  the  miners  are  still  on  strike,  as 
Manager  Vaughan-Rhys  refuses  to  recog- 
nize the  union  in  any  form. 

WEST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

The  Eva  stamp  mill,  2  miles  from  Cam- 
borne, in  Lardeau  district,  is  nearing com- 
pletion, the  crushers  being  in  place  and 
stamps  ready  to  drop.  The  other  ma- 
chinery is  biing  set  up.  It  will  run  by 
water  power.     At  the  mine  three  shifts 

are    at    work. At    the    Ophir-Lade 

stamp  mill  and  compressor  plant  work  is 
progressing.  The  air  pipe  is  being  laid 
up  the  mountain  side.  At  the  mill  the 
crusher  and  stamps  are  in  place  and  the 
cable  is  being  put  in.  Grading  for  the 
reservoir  is  finished  and  timbers  are  being 
framed. 

KLONDIKE. 

Low  water  In  Klondike  creeks  nearly 
stopped  mining  operations  previous  to 
the  rain  of  last  w>  ek.  Many  claims  shut 
down  for  the  season,  throwing  500  men 
out  of  work  during  ten  days  previous  to 
August  25th.  The  North  American  T.  & 
T.  Co.  entirely  closed  down  operations  on 
Bonanza  and  reduced  its  number  of  men 
on  other  creeks.  Continued  low  water  on 
the  Upper  Yukon  is  starting  outward 
men  from  Dawson  who  intend  coming  out 
before  navigation  ends.  Steamers  are 
having  difficulty  in  getting  up  and  down 
the  Yukon.  The  water  iB  lower  than  ever 
known  at  this  season  and  an  early  freeze 
is  expected.  Frost  appeared  last  week 
along  the  Yukon. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

A  12  H.  P.  gasoline  hoist  has  been  set 
up  at  the  San  Salvador  mine  at  Terrazas 
camp  and  work  is  progressing  well  with 
forty  men  on  the  payroll,  Bays  the  Enter- 
prise. 

D.  W.  Shanks  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is 
developing  a  mine  in  the  Cerro  Almaloya 
section  near  the  Clgarrero,  near  Parral. 

F.  Collinson  of  Clarendon,  Tex ,  has 
taken  over  the  interests  of  A.  D.  Gather- 
ings in  the  Kansas  Boy  mine  at  Santa  Eu- 
lalla  and  is  making  arrangements  to 
start  development  work. 

The  Columbia  and  Sierra  Madre  mines 
in  Sierra  Madre  district  have  been  sold 
for  $50,000  to  J.  Arnold  et  al  of  London, 
England. 

DURANGO. 

At  Bacis,  the  Gold  &  Silver  M.  &  S.  Co. 
has  a  100-ton  concentrating  plant  running 
steadily,  water  power  being  obtained  from 
the  river.  W.  Pearless,  manager,  says  it 
is  intended  to  put  in  a  cyanide  plant  to 
treat  the  tailings  from  the  mill.  They 
have  3  miles  of  gravity  tramway,  by  which 


the  ores  are  brought  from  the  mines  to 
the  mill.  The  proposed  electric  line  from 
Durango  to  San  Dimas  would  pass  this 
camp. 

OAXACA. 

J.  Felton  of  Ejutla  reports  high-grade 
gold-bearing  ore  found  near  Ejutla  In  a 
ledge  showing  15  feet  across  on  the  sur- 
face. 

SINALOA. 

At  Cullacan,  the  Palmerlto  mine,  Wll 
kins  &  Flores  owners,  Is  said  to  be  turning 
out  5000  ounces  of  silver  per  month  with 
a  5-stamp  mill.  The  ore  is  principally  a 
chloride. 

SONORA. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Greene  Con.  Co., 
operating  at  Cananea,  proposes  to  double 
the  capacity  of  its  reduction  works,  now 
capable  of  handling  1500  tons  of  ore  dally. 
The  new  equipment  will  consist  oi  three 
furnaces. 

The  Promontorlo  mine,  20  miles  west  of 
Nogales,  1b  making  regular  shipments. 
Last  week  7000  ounces  of  silver  bullion 
was  sent  out  and  another  of  14,000  ounces 
this  week. 

At  the  Verde  Grande  C.  Co.'s  camp,  40 
miles  northwest  from  Hermoslllo,  the 
machinery  is  ready  to  start  and  the 
smelter  will  be  blown  in  next  week.  The 
smelter  is  of  100  tons  capacity  daily. 
There  are  120  men  employed. 

J.  F.  Bueslem,  manager  for  the  Boston 
&  Mexican  Placer  M.  Co.  at  Cumuripa, 
says  they  are  making  preparations  for 
putting  in  a  plant  for  operating  the 
ground  of  the  company. 

The  Moctezuma  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.  has 
been  formed  at  Douglas,  Ariz  ,  to  operate 
in  Moctezuma  district  in  the  east  exten- 
sion of  the  San  Jose  mountains  ;  A.  R. 
Wormell,  W.  F.  Hall,  H.  E.  Sone  and  P. 
C  Gilland. 

Seventy  miles  south  of  Nogales,  in  the 
Magdalena  district,  a  Chicago,  HI.,  com- 
pany is  working  the  Sierra  del  Oro  mines. 
They  are  working  a  vein  of  ore  70  feet 
wide  of  $5  value  and  have  a  200  stamp  mill 
in  operation,  says  the  Cananea  Herald. 

PERU. 

Berropasco  advices  report  a  gold- bear- 
ing vein  15  feet  wide  has  been  struck  at 
Chuquitambo.  An  English  company  is 
working  mines  near  this  vein  which  are 
producing  high-grade  ore 


»  ************* ********* ***« 
•S  * 

|  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

G.  W.  Myers,  Pacific  coast  representa- 
tive of  the  Masurite  Explosive  Co  ,  re- 
ports the  home  office  under  date  of  Aug. 
28th  informed  him  they  would  ship  to  San 
Francisco.  Cal ,  a  carload  of  masurite 
from  the  factory  at  Sharon,  Pa  ,  on  Sept. 
1st. 

J.  A.  Yeatman  &  Co  ,  hydraulic  en- 
gineers, San  Franel&co,  Cal ,  report  ship- 
ping this  week  to  Woloott,  Eagle  county, 
Colo.,  a  complete  hydraulic  equipment, 
including  a  two-step  series  pressure  cen- 
trifugal pump  and  an  Adams  hydraulic 
lift. 

Fairbanks,  Morse  &  Co ,  Denver, 
Colo.,  state  they  have  recently  secured 
orders  for  three  mills — one  for  Naco,  Ariz  , 
and  the  other  two  for  Colorado.  In  each 
of  the  mills  they  are  installing  the  Elspass 
mills,  which  they  are  agents  for.  They 
also  have  an  order  for  a  40  H.  P.  gasoline 
hoist  from  the  Josephine  mine,  Idaho 
Springs,  Colo. 

C.  M.  Fueller,  1752  California  street, 
Denver,  Colo  ,  has  opened  an  ore  testing 
plant  He  has  Installed  an  Overstrom 
concentrating  table,  but  will  make  tests  on 
all  others.  He  writes  that  he  is  indepen- 
dent of  machinery  houses,  not  being  tied 
down  to  any  particular  machine.  During 
the  past  year  he  has  designed  some  very 
large  mills  in  the  United  States. 

R.  J.  CORY,  in  charge  Of  the  Denver 
office  of  the  Allis-Chalmers  Co.,  says: 
"Three  of  the  specialties  of  the  Allis- 
Chalmers  Co.  in  mining  machinery  are 
the  Gates  crusher,  the  Gates  ball  mill  and 
Gates  tube  mill.  Within  recent  years  the 
company  have  sold  over  90,000  tons  of  the 
three  machines  named.  The  one  item  of 
Corliss  engines  made  by  this  company 
amounts  in  weight  to  over  500,000  tons  of 
iron  and  steel." 

The  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.,  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  haB  received  orders  for  two  20- 
stamp  mills,  one  for  Hanna  M.  &  M.  Co., 
Lake  City,  Colo.,  and  one  for  the  Barstow 
mine,  Ouray,  Colo.;  one  18  inch  De  Remer 
water  wheel  for  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  and  one 
each  18,  24  and  48  inch  wheels  for  Idaho. 
They  Btate  their  orders  for  De  Remer 
water  wheels  are  rapidly  increasing  and 
that  their  trade  on  the  Wilfley  table  has 
been  the  best  this  season  it  has  ever  been. 
The  Durkee  electric  drill  is  another  one  of 
their  specialties  which  has  had  increasing 
sales. 


hi 


160 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September5, 1903. 


*************************** 

I        PERSONAL.        I 

*  * 

E.  A.  Wiltsbe  has  returned  from  the 
East  to  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  H.  Me  ALE  of  Sonora,  Cal.,  Is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

W.  D.  Church  is  manager  of  the  Tom 
Thumb  mine,  near  Republic,  Wash. 

W.  R  Bermingham  of  Fresno,  Cal.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal,  on  mining  business. 

G.  Ross,  interested  in  Arizona  mines,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  Jerome,  Ariz. 

D.  J.  McFall,  interested  in  mines  near 
Nevada  City,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  C.  Limbach,  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  in 
Sonora,  Mexico,  examining  mining  prop- 
erty. 

J.  C.  Bailer  is  instructor  in  chemistry 
at  the  Colorado  School  of  Mines  at  Gol- 
den, Colo. 

A.  H.  Tarbet  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
interested  in  Utah  mines,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

T.  COALE  has  resigned  as  superintend- 
ent of  the  Butler-Liberal  mine  at  Bing- 
ham, Utah. 

H.  Hunsaker,  interested  in  Colorado 
mines,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from 
Denver,  Colo. 

T.  W.  Hand  succeeds  A.  Conard  as 
general  manager  of  the  Hays  Con.  M.  Co., 
Nogales,  Ariz. 

C.  B.  Culberson  of  Boulder,  Colo., 
interested  in  Boulder  county  mines,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

R.  S.  Sandow  of  Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  is 
on  a  mining  business  trip  through  eastern 
Oregon  and  Idaho. 

W.  OCHS  returned  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  last  week  from  a  trip  to  New  York 
on  mining  business. 

M.  P.  Gilbert,  manager  of  the  Leland 
group  of  mines  near  Kingman,  Ariz  ,is  in 
the  East  on  business. 

H.  J.  Gormy  is  manager  of  the  Gold 
Mountain-Eagle  M.  Co.,  at  Gold  Moun- 
tain, near  Tonopah,  Nov. 

H.  E.  Zerbe  returned  la9t  week  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  an  examina- 
tion of  mines  in  Montana. 

Jerome  Drumheller  of  Spokane, 
Wash.,  returned  la9t  week  from  a  trip  to 
New  York  on  mining  business. 

J.  E  HURD  of  Capitan,  N.  M.,  is  man- 
ager of  the  Mescalero  M  &  M.  Co.,  oper- 
ating in  Lincoln  county,  N.  M. 

G.  M.  Butler  has  been  appointed  in- 
structor in  mineralogy  at  the  Colorado 
School  of  Mines  at  Golden,  Colo. 

J.  EKMAN  of  Calumet,  Mich.,  is  super- 
intendent of  the  H.  M.  H.  group,  near  Tel- 
luride,  San  Miguel  county,  Colo. 

C.  D.  Rooklidge  returned  last  week 
to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  a  trip  to 
northern  Montana,  examining  mines. 

K.  C.  BABCOCK  of  the  University  of 
California,  has  been  appointed  president 
of  the  University  of  Arizona  at  Tucson. 

J.  E.  Meyer  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
ot  the  Federal  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.,  Beaver 
county,  Utah,  is  in  the  Ea9t  on  business. 

J.  W.  Cunningham  of  Boise,  Idaho, 
has  resigned  as  assayer  in  charge  of  the 
United  States  Assay  Office  at  that  place. 

J.  H.  BURKHART  has  resigned  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Rawhide  Extension  mine, 
near  Jamestown,    Tuolumne  county,  Cal. 

A.  C.  Nahl,  superintendent  of  the  San 
Francisco  mines  near  Llano,  Sonora,  Mex- 
ico, Is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  business. 

J.  E.  Snelus  of  London,  England,  is 
superintendent  of  operations  in  Egypt  of 
the  Mysore  Reefs  &  General  Exp.  Co.,  Ltd. 

C.  A.  Burcham,  part  owner  of  the 
Yellow  Aster  M.  Co.,  is  at  their  mineB  at 
Randsburg,  Cal.,  from  Los   Angeles,  Cal. 

Frank  T.  Leland,  of  the  Risdon  Iron 
Works,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  has  returned 
from  a  business  visit  to  Magdalena,  Mex- 
ico. 

E.  H.  Barton,  superintendent  of  the 
Yellow  Aster  M.  Co.  at  Randsburg,  Cal., 
returned  from  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  last 
week. 

C.  J.  North,  a  director  in  the  Blackbird 
M.  Co.,  operating  in  Lemhi  Co.,  Idaho,  Is 
in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  Buffalo, 
N.  Y. 

H.  S.  Woolley  of  Pocatello,  Idaho, 
has  been  appointed  as  assayer  in  charge  of 
the  United  States  Assay  Office  at  Boise, 
Idaho. 

M.  Clere  has  succeeded  M.  Cololot  as 


superintendent  of  the  San  Jose  mine, 
southwest  of-  Douglas,  In  Arizpe  district, 
Sonora,  Mex. 

Superintendent  I.  McKay  of  the 
Halifax  mine,  at  Tonopah,  Nov.,  has  re- 
turned there  from  a  business  trip  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

P.  A.  Johns  of  Prescott,  Ariz.,  has  re- 
signed as  manager  of  the  BraganzaG.  M. 
Co.,  near  Prescott,  to  devote  his  time  to 
other  interests. 

W.  I.  Snyder,  of  the  California  mine 
at  Park  City,  Utah,  has  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  from  a  visit  to  Califor- 
nia and  Nevada. 

A.  D.  Parker,  owner  of  the  Little  Gem 
mine  at  Anchor,  Taos  county,  N.  M  ,  re- 
turned last  week  to  Florence,  Colo.,  after 
visiting  the  property. 

F.  Barker,  manager  of  the  London 
Venture  Co.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  In 
connection  with  the  purchase  of  the  Es- 
peranza,  Mexico,  mine. 

W.  S  Lewis,  vice-president  of  the  Jay- 
hawk  G.  M.  Co  ,  returned  to  New  York 
City  last  week  after  several  weeks  at  Red 
River,  Taos  county,  N.  M. 

A.  R.  Minner,  of  the  Utah  Copper  Co  , 
is  at  Bingham,  Utah,  from  Canon  City, 
Colo.,  to  superintend  construction  of  the 
concentrator  for  the  company. 

J.  A.  FARWELL,  for  many  years  with 
the  Crane  Co.,  Chicago,  has  assumed  an 
equally  responsible  position  with  the  J. 
Geo.  Leyner  Co.,  Denver,  Colo. 

G.  W.  Myers,  Pacific  coast  representa- 
tive of  the  Chrome  Steel  Works,  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y.,  returned  this  week  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  a  business  trip  to 
New  York. 

A.  S.  BiGELOW,  superintendent  of  the 
Pelger  and  Capsilvar  mines  of  the  Franco- 
Russian  Co.  des  Aimaks  In  Mongolia,  has 
returned  to  North  Columbia,  Nevada 
county,  Cal. 

Superintendent  Williams  of  the 
Belmont  mine  at  Park  City,  Utah,  has  ac- 
cepted a  similar  position  at  the  Butler- 
Liberal  mine  at  Bingham,  Utah,  vice  T. 
Coale,  resigned. 

W.  B  MUCKLOW  of  Hartford,  Conn., 
of  the  Majestic  Copper  Co.,  operating  in 
Beaver  county,  Utah,  Is  in  Salt  Lake  City, 
and  expects  to  remain  in  Utah  until  the 
smelter  is  in  full  operation. 

A.  E.  Wheeler,  for  two  years  assist- 
ant superintendent  of  the  Boston  &  Mon- 
tana C.  &  S.  Co.  smelters  at  Great  Falls, 
Mont.,  has  been  appointed  superintendent, 
vice  J.  C.  Morrow,  resigned. 

W.  J.  Williams,  manager  of  sales  of 
the  Mexico  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co  , 
Mexico,  D.  F.,  was  in  Denver  the  past 
week  on  his  way  to  Chicago  on  business 
connected  with  his  company. 

E.  H.  Teats  of  Denver,  Colo  ,  consult- 
ing engineer  for  the  Marowyne  G.  M.  Co., 
in  Dutch  Guiana,  is  in  Denver,  Colo  ,  from 
an  examination  of  mines  in  Nevada,  and 
will  return  this  month  to  Guiana. 

J.  C.  MORROW,  having  resigned  as  su- 
perintendent of  the  Great  Falls  smelters 
of  the  Boston  &  Montana  C.  &  S.  Co,, 
Montana,  is  manager  of  the  Green  River 
C.  Co.  of  Cananea,  Sonora,  Mexico. 

Manager  Jackling  of  the  Utah  Cop- 
per Co.,  at  Bingham,  Utah,  has  resigned, 
to  take  effect  Oct.  1st,  and  will  be  suc- 
ceeded by  J.  McDonald,  superintendent  of 
the  Commercial  mine,  at  Bingham,  Utah. 

F.  COLLINSON,  of  Clarendon,  Texas, 
returned  there  last  week  from  Santa 
Eulalia,  Chihuahua,  Mex.,  on  mining 
business,  after  arranging  for  the  com- 
mencement of  work  on  the  Kansas  Boy 
mine  at  Santa  Eulalia,  Chlh.,  about  the 
first  of  the  month. 

Prop.  R.  D.  Salisbury,  head  of  the 
Geological  Department  of  Chicago  Uni- 
versity, Is  In  charge  of  a  party  of  fifteen 
making  a  survey  of  the  Big  Horn  moun- 
tains in  Wyoming  for  the  U.  S.  Govern- 
ment, and  has  returned  to  Wyoming  from 
a  trip  to  Denver,  Colo. 

"JIM  "  Wardner  is  reported  dying  in 
a  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  hospital.  It  is  stated 
that  In  the  early  part  of  1903,  while  tra- 
versing eastern  Nevada,  he  drank  from  a 
roadside  stream  into  which  close  above 
ran  discharge  from  a  cyanide  plant,  and 
that  the  poison  therefrom  has  occasioned 
his  fatal  Illness.  "Jim"  Wardner  is 
known  to  thousands  of  mining  men 
throughout  this  west  half  of  America, 
who  will  read  with  regret  of  his  sad  con- 
dition. 

Since  the  appearance  of  a  little  notice 
In  this  column  some  weeks  ago  concerning 
the  connection  of  Senator  E.  W.  Voor- 
hels,  ex-presldent  of  the  California  State 
Miners'  Association,  with  a  South  Ameri- 
can gold  mining  company,  his  mall  has 
been  filled  with  Inquiries  as  to  when  he 


starts  for  the  equator.  It  is  to  be  said 
that  he  has  no  Intention  of  moving  from 
California  and  will  act  as  resident  agent 
for  the  Darien  G.  M.  Co.,  with  headquar- 
ters at  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.t  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors : 

FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING  AUGUST  25,  1903. 

736,919.— Window  Screen— J.  W.  Adams,  Santa 

Ana,  Cal. 
737,053.— Railway  Signal— Ammann  &  Cambell, 

Spokane,  Wash. 
737,054.— Pressing  Fruit  Into  Boxes— Anderson 

&  Fleming,  San  Jose,  Cal. 
737,216.— CAN  Header— C.  E.  Porry,  S.  F. 
736,951.— Marine    Propulsion  —  H.  H.  Fowler 

Oakland,  Cal. 
737,381.— Snap  Hook— J.  A.  Gavltt,  Pendleton,  Or. 
737,222.— Snatch  Block— E.  S.  Grammer,  Kanas- 

kat,  Wash. 
737,100.— Lawn  Mower— C.  F.  Hamlin,  Pasadena, 

Cal. 
737,239.— Steam   Engine— S.   B.   House,   Saticoy, 

Cal. 
737.420.— Singletree— P.  Krall,  S.  F. 
737,127.— Rotary  Engine- J.  F.  Muncey,  Everett, 

Wash. 
737.269 Loading  Machine— t.  m.  Park,  Darring- 

ton.  Wash, 
737,140— Nut  Wrench— P.  F.  Rice,  Tustin,  Cal. 
737,274  — Pump— G.  C.  Richards,  Berkeley,  Cal. 
737,487.— Smelting  Furnace— e.   Rlveroll,   Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
737,499-PUMP— C.  F.  Scott,  Wlnthrop,  Cal. 
737,291.— Can  Body  Machine-W.  H.Smyth,  Ber- 
keley, Cal. 
737,513.— Car  Controller— W.H.  Snyder,  Seattle, 

Wash. 
737,533.— Extracting  Gold— E.  L.  Van  der  Nail- 

len,  S.  F. 
737,546.— Stove— J.  N.  Young,  Alameda,  Cal. 
36.614  —Design  Badge— J.  C.  Irvine,  S  F. 
36,527.— Design —  Daisy  M.    Wunsohow,  Santa 

Cruz,  Cal. 
36,528.— Design —  Daisy   M.   Wunsohow,   Santa 

Cruz,  Cal. 


Notice  of    Recent   Patents. 

Among  the  patents  reoently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention : 

PUMPS.— No.  737,274.  Aug.  25,  1903  G.  C.  Rich- 
ards, Berkeley,  Cal.  The  object  of  this  invention 
is  to  provide  a  pump  of  simple  construction 
adapted  for  use  particularly  in  oil  wells,  where 
great  dlffloulty  Is  experienced  in  lifting  heavy 
oils  and  those  containing  considerable  quantities 
of  sand  and  libe  gritty  foreign  substances.  It  con- 
sists in  the  combination  in  a  pump  of  a  main  dis- 
charge pipe,  a  plurality  or  pump  barrels  on  the 
end  thereof,  cylinders  reciprocal  on  the  outside  of 
said  barrels,  valves  in  said  barrels  and  cylinders, 
means  for  giving  said  cylinders  an  alternating 
reciprocating  movement,  and  guides  supported 
from  above  and  extending  beneath  the  lower  end 
of  the  cylinders  and  serving  to  suspend  the  latter 
should  they  become  detached. 

Device  for  Pressing  Fruit  Into  boxes.— No. 
737,054.  Aug.  25,  1903.  W.  C.  Anderson  and  C.  F. 
Fleming,  San  Jose,  Cal.  Assigned  to  Anderson 
Barngrover  Mfg.  Co.,  a  corporation  of  San  Jose, 
Ca1.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a 
machine  capable  of  pressing  several  thousand 
boxes  of  fruit  in  a  day,  that  is  uniform  in  Its  re- 
sults, that  does  not  mar  the  fruit,  and  that  is  ad- 
justable for  variation  in  filling  and  for  different 
sizes  of  boxes  or  packages.  It  consists  of  a 
horizontal  endless  carrier  upon  which  the  boxes 
or  other  receptacles  containing  the  fruit  are  con- 
veyed, a  superposed  adjustable  pressure  surface 
arranged  and  operating  in  relation  to  said  carrier, 
and  means  for  compressing  the  contents  of  the 
boxes  as  the  latter  are  passed  between  sa'd  car- 
rier and  surface. 

Can  Header.— No.  737,216.  Aug.  25, 1903.  C.  E. 
Forry,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  The  object  of  this  in. 
vention  is  to  provide  an  automatic  machine  of 
simple  construction  capable  of  being  operated 
rapidly  and  In  which  any  danger  of  injury  to  the 
can  bodies  or  tops  is  obviated.  It  consists  of  a 
can  body  carrier  movable  about  horizontally  dis- 
posed sprockets,  said  carrier  comprising  pivoted 
cylindrical  jaw  segments,  means  for  delivering 
the  bodies  in  upright  position  into  said  jaws, 
means  for  insuring  the  closing  of  said  jaws  upon 
the  cans,  a  can  head  carrier  rotatable  Intermit- 
tently, a  yielding  guide  mechanism  by  which  in- 
jury to  the  heads  as  they  are  fed  from  the  con- 
veyor trough  into  the  rotatable  carrier  is  obviated, 
means  for  effecting  the  movement  of  said  last 
named  carrier  by  and  relative  to  the  can  body 
carrier,  and  means  for  delivering  the  can  bodies 
from  the  machine. 


*************************** 


Obituary. 


*)?  *************************  % 
*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received.     | 

"Jessop's  Steel  and  How  They  Make 
It,"  is  an  interesting  story,  finely  illus- 
trated and  worth  reading.  I.  Willard 
Beam,  29  Main  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  is 
the  Pacific  coast  agent  for  this  well-known 
manufacture. 

"Digging  Machinery"  Is  a  handsome 
brochure  issued  by  the  Hayward  Co.,  97 
Cedar  St.,  New  York,  descriptive  of  sev- 
eral styles  of  dredges,  derricks  and  ex- 
cavating machinery. 


Dividend    Notice. 


Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan  Mining  &  Con- 
centrating Co.,  Wardner,  Idaho,  $18,000, 
payable  Sept.  4. 


W.  C.  Given,  a  pioneer  miner  of  Trin- 
ity and  El  Dorado  counties,  Cal.,  died  at 
Junction  City,  Aug.  25th,  the  result  of  an 
apoplectic  stroke.  Deceased  was  born  at 
Brunswick,  Maine,  seventy-three  years 
ago,  and  came  to  Placerville,  Cal.,  in  1850, 
making  the  trip  around  Cape  Horn.  He 
is  survived  by  a  widow  and  two  sons. 

Latest    riarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  September  4,  1903. 

» 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
26|d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver.  57|c,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  57fe;  Mexican  dollars,  46c 
San  Francisco,  45jc  New  York. 

The  San  Francisco  shipments  of  silver 
during  August,  1903,  were  as  follows: 

Standard  silver  dollars $204,000 

Fractional  silver   coin 270,955 


Total $474, 955 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard; 
$13.75;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13  75@13  871 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.62£@13  75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $13,371;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $15  00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £59  10s  spot  per 
ton. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4  25;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $1.50,  carload  lots ;  4}c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6},  sheet  7,  bar  6efc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:     £11  2s  6d    per  long  ton. 

SPELTER.  —  New  York,  $6.00;  St. 
Louis,  $6.00 ;  London,  £20  17s  4d  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  fi|c;  100-lb  lots,  7c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's. 
7Jc;  Hallett's,  6|c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  83;  300  to  600  lbs.,  8Jc;  100-lb. 
lots,  10jc. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $27.00@27.60; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  281c;  600  lbs.,  29c; 
200  lbs.,  29}c;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  $  lb,  30c 
@32c.    London,  £122  15s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  ijft  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz  Platinum  ware,  76@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $47  00® 
47.60;  large  lots;  London,  £8  12j;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44  50  1ft  flask  of  76}  ft>3  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Franclsoo, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6}c;  extra, 
17}c;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37jc. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99^ 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

SOLDER.  —  Hali-and-hall,  100-lb.  lots, 
18  75c ;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-lb. 
lots,  15  50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  $  to.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $18  50 
@18.75;  gray  forge,  $17.10;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  $  to.,  31c  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27  OOC.ii29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30  00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  to. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $18.00@19.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 17.50@18.00 

Northern  2 17.00@17.50 

Northern  3 16.50@17.00 

Southern  1 ; . . .  16.35® 

Southern  2 15.85® 

Southern  3 15.35® 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 20.50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28.00@29.00 

Bars,  iron 1.60® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Ralls,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Ralls,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

Sheets,  26 store: 2.90®  3.00 

No.  27 2.90®  3.00 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75@ 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75® 

Channels 1. 75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 14.50@15.50 

Relaying  rails 29.00(330  00 

Dealers  forge 13.00@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  least,  net  ton... 14.00@14.50 

Iron  rails 19.00@20.00 

Car  wheels 19.00@20.00 

Cast  borings 5.50®  6.00 

Turnings 11.00@11.50 

L17MBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.60 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,   $13.60 


September  5,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


161 


for  split  and  115.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  128.00 
@35.00. 

NAILS.— Per  ke^  (list  prices):  No.  20J 
to  60d,  Wire,  13.35;  Cut,  13.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  13.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.50;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  perbbl. 

CEMENT.— Imported,  $2  50@2.75  $ 
bbl  ;  California  carload  lots,  $2  25  f.  o.  b. 
at  works;  small  lots,  $2.50  r1  bbl.  In  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 
POWDER.— P.  o.  b.  San  Pranolsco:  No 
1.  70%  nitroglycerine,  per  lb.,  In  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
80%,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
:5}o.  No.  1"  60%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
36%,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting-  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs 
$1.60  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $6.60  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  6x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  In  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.66,  In  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s. 
lie  f,  set;  Hoi.,  40s.,  10c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  $».;  carloads, 
23@23Jc;  In  tins,  30c;  soda  ash,  $1.95  V,  100 
lbs. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  2\C<i2lc  $ 
lb.;  caustic  soda,  In  drums,  3@3}c~$  ft>;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40  $  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c  in 
40-B)  tins;  roll  sulphur,  4@5c;  powdered 
sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur,  French, 
2(3  3c;  alum,  $2.00@2.26 ;  California  re- 
fined, 2  @  2Jc;  sulphide  of  Iron,  8c  $  S>. ; 
copper  sulphate,  6@6c;  chloride  of  time, 
spot,  $2.50@2.75:  sulphuric  acid,  in  car- 
boys, 66%  B,  2^c  $  lb.;  nitric  acid,  in 
carboys,  8c  $  lb. 

OILS.— Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cb., 
49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  46c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  44c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20Jc; 
Astral,  20}c;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24Jc; 
Eocene,  23Jc;  Elaine,  26Jc;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  Iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23}c;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27  Jc;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  in  cs.,  22J  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  50@55o. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.60;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.60; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $13 ;  Cannel, 
88.50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.60,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  In  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  lbs.,  per  ft.,  6jc;  in  25-ft.  tin 
palls,  Jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  In  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

RED  LEAD. — 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  600  fts.,  6Jc. 
LITHARGE.— Pure,   in  25-ft.    bags,   8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,   6@7c  per  ft 
powdered,  8@10c  ;  fused,  20@25c. 
BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 
MANGANESE.— Pure,  $  lb.,  60c. 
SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 
MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 
CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 
BISMUTH.— Subnltrate,  per  ft.,  $1.75. 
MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90o. 
PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)    $   ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $>oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,   small  lots, 
37c  $  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.    No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,   34c;  ton  lots  and  over,   31c, 
Pittsburg. 
URANIUM.— Oxide,  1ft  ft.,  $3.50. 
ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c ;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 
(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


£ 


SITUATIONS  WANTED 


3 


A  THOROUGHLY  COMPETENT  ASSAYER 
and  Analyst.  15  years'  experience,  with  a  good 
practical  knowledge  of  mining,  milling  and  smelt- 
ing, is  open  for  engagement,  with  cbance  for 
advancement.  Excellent  references.  Address 
"Everett"'  care  of  this  office. 


MILL  FOREMAN  WANTS  POSITION— CON- 
centratlon,  amalgamation,  oyanidlng  and  as- 
saying; 20  years1  experience.  Best  of  references. 
Address  "Mlllman,"  1066  South  Gaylord  St.,  Den- 
ver, Oolo. 


MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  offloe. 


MINING  ENGINEER  NOW  IN  CHARGE  COP- 
per  proposition  desires  charge  of  location. 
Management  gold  or  copper  proposition.  State 
terms.    Address  Box  85,  this  office. 


MINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
at  present  general  manager  of  a  large  mining 
concern  In  Mexico,  desires  to  change  his  posi- 
tion. Would  need  four  months'  notice.  Address 
F.B.A.S.,  care  of  this  office. 


POSITION  BY  PRACTICAL  MINING  ENGI- 
neer;  20  years1  experience  in  U.  S.,  Alaska  and 
Mexico.  Reference  Al.  Specialty,  commercial 
mining.    Address  W.,  care  of  this  office. 


POSITION     DESIRED     AS     DRAUGHTSMAN, 
Surveyor,  Assayeror  Bookkeeper.   Good  refer- 
ences. Address  H.  W.K.,  Box  74,  Long  Beach, Wash. 


WANTED  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED  MINING 
Engineer  and  Manager,  a  position  as  mine 
manager  in  gold,  silver  or  copper  proposition,  with 
a  first-class  corporation  Have  had  35  years'  ex- 
perience in  U.  S.  and  Mexico;  prefer  Mexico. 
Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
well  acquainted  with  Mexico,  and  am  employed 
now.  Desire  a  change  between  November  and 
January  1st,  1904.  Salary  expectrd  not  U  ss  than 
$5000  per  annum  Can  furnish  the  best  of  refer- 
ence. Address  "Mine  Manager,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


[ 


WANTED. 


] 


WANTED— A  First-Class 
Assayer  and  Chemist, 

-with  extended  cyanide  experience,  for  position  of 
Assayer  and  Chemist  with  large  gold  mining  com- 
pany, with  cyanide  plant.  Must  have  best  of 
references.  State  age,  experience  and  salary 
wanted.  Address  "Chemist,"  care  of  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press. 


WASTED  TO  SELL  This  Machinery,  Cheap. 

Six-Drill  Compressor;  Double  Cylinder  Hoist, 
good  for  800  feet;  Large  Double  Reel  Geared  Hoist, 
good  for  1500  feet;  80  H.  P,  Fire-box  Boiler.  All  in 
good  condition.   Address  "Machinery,"  this  office. 


ASSESSMENT    NOTICE. 

INYO  MARBLB  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA.— 
Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  In>o 
County,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  J  8th  day  of  August, 
1903,  an  assessment  (No.  37)  of  five  (5)  cents  per 
share  waB  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  30,  fifth  floor.  Mills  Building,  San  FranclBCO, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  15th  day  of  October,  1903,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  Ib  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  November, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  aBBeBsment.  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHARLES  H.  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  80,  fifth  floor.  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California. 


ANNUAL  MEETING. 

The  Regular  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Stockholders 
of  the  Golden  West  Consolidated  Mining  Company 
will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  company,  at  Iowa 
Hill,  Placer  County,  California,  on  Saturday,  the 
26th  day  of  September,  1903,  at  the  hour  of  9  o'clock 
A.  M.,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  Board  of  Direct- 
ors to  serve  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  the  trans- 
action of  such  other  business  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting.       E.  M.  ARMSTRONG,  Secretary. 

Office— Woodland,  Gal. 


PICHER 

Natural 

Blue  Lead 

Paint. 


FOR  SALE. 


\Ai 


The  Mines  of  Park  City,  Utah. 

Have  furnished  70%  of  the  lead,  62%  of  the  sliver, 
70 ".j  uf  the  dividends  of  the  State.  Send  20  cents 
for  24-page  illustrated  edition  of  Park  City  Miner, 
with  map.    N.  B.  DRESSER,  Park  City,  Utah. 


MINING   PROPERTY   FOR   SALE 

Consists  of  13,000  tons  of  tailings,  25,000  tons  of 
dump— both  good  values.  Water  for  working  same. 
Situated  3  miles  from  railroad.  No  crushing  power 
required.  Guarantee  a  saving  of  80%.  Partners 
oannot  agree,  so  it  will  be  sold  cheap.  Inquire  of 
James  McDermott,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  Francisco. 


Best  protective  paint  for  all  iron  and  steel  sur- 
faces. Withstands  the  action  of  sulphuretted 
hydrogen  gases.  Send  25  cts.  to  cover  express 
charges  for  one  quart  and  illustrated  booklet  free. 

Address  Dept.  B. 

PICHER  LEAD  CO. 

Chicago,  III.     Joplin,  Mo.     New  York,  N.  Y. 


FOR  SALE. 


FOUNTAIN 
Blackleg   Brush. 


A  New  and  Cleanly  Means  of  Applying 
Liquid  Blacking:. 

With  no  pressure  on  bristles  the  small  brush  is 
kept  in  position  shown  by  dotted  lines  T,  by  the 
spring  X.  With  pressure  on  bristles,  as  by  rub- 
bing, the  small  brush  is  raised  to  position  shown 
in  cut,  opening  the  valve  and  allowing  the  black- 
ing to  flow  onto  the  bristles  as  Indicated  by  ar- 
rows. Thumb  screw  A  securely  locks  valve,  mak- 
ing brush  absolutely  tight.  Bottle  in  which  liquid 
blacking  Is  sold  can  be  made  to  fasten  on  brush  at 
line  Z  and  serve  as  a  handle 

Pat.  In  U.  S.  and  abroad.  For  sale  separately  or 
as  a  whole.  For  particulars,  address  E.  R  KING, 
Lafayette,  Contra  Costa  Co.,  Cal. 


NOTICE 

of  Receiver's  Sale  of  the  Electric  Plant,  Ap- 
paratus, and  Other  Property  of  the 
Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the  Receiver,  by  ap- 
pointment of  the  District  Court  of  the  Second 
Judicial  District  of  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico, 
for  the  County  of  Bernalillo,  in  that  cprtaln  cause 
pending  therein  wherein  Raymond  P.  Ripley  and 
others  are  defendants,  will,  under  and  by  virtue  of 
an  order  of  said  court  made  August  20,  1903,  re- 
ceive bids  for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  all  the 
property  of  the  said  Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company, 
now  In  his  possession  as  such  receiver.  Said 
property  consists  of  a  complete  cyanide  mill  of 
two  hundred  and  fifty  tons  capacity,  built  of  struc- 
tural iron,  various  other  buildings  such  as  stores, 
boarding  house,  store  house,  bunk  houses,  etc  ,  etc. 
The  machinery  consists  of  dry  crushing  apparatus, 
Davis  and  Allis  finishing  rolls,  twenty  stf  el  leach- 
ing tanks  of  two  hundred  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty  tons  capacity;  also  sixteen  thousand  dol- 
lars worth  of  mining  and  mill  supplies;  office  fur- 
niture, etc  And  also,  situated  at  Madrid,  N.  M  , 
an  electric  power  plant  and  structural  steel  build- 
ing, one  eight  hundred  horse  power  engine,  one  600 
K.  W.  generator,  complete  switches,  etc.,  etc.,  for 
a  twenty-thousand- volt  transmission,  and  other 
property  such  as  Is  generally  usDd  in  connection 
with  such  a  mill  run  by  electricity,  inoluding  one 
hundred  miles  of  copper  transmission  wire. 

Also  the  Albemane,  Pamlico,  Huron,  Ontario 
patented  mining  properties,  and  the  U.  M.  C.  and 
three-fourths  interest  in  the  Red  Cloud,  containing 
in  all  almost  one  hundred  acres  and  having  five 
thousand  feet  on  the  strike  of  the  vein.  These 
mines  and  the  mills  are  situated  at  Albemarle, 
Sandoval  County,  New  Mexico,  twenty-four  miles 
from  Thornton  on  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  Ry.— the  other 
property  at  Madrid  on  said  railway. 

Bids  will  be  received  by  the  undersigned  for  the 
sale  of  said  property,  or  any  part  thereof,  for  sixty 
days  from  the  date  of  this  notice  For  the  Madrid 
power  plant  property,  and  the  electrical  machin- 
ery, bids  must  be  Itemized,  fixing  the  price  to  be 
paid  upon  each  separate  article;  and,  also,  sepa- 
rate bids  must  be  submitted  for  the  wire,  on  ac- 
count of  conflicting  interests  In  the  property.  The 
buildings  and  other  property  may  be  removed  by 
purchasers  from  the  premises  on  which  they  are 
located. 

A  reasonable  deposit,  certified  check  or  cash, 
must  accompany  each  bid  as  a  guaranty  of  good 
faith  and  responsibility. 

Lists  of  the  property  and  all  other  information 
requested  will  be  furnished  upon  application  to 
the  Receiver.  WILLIAM  SPENCER, 

Receiver. 
P.  O.  Address:    Albuquerque,  New  Mexico. 

August  21,  1903. 


YOUR  DECISION 

is  what  we  want.    If  you  use  lubri- 
cating oil,  we  want  you  to  try  our 

Cross  Oil  Filter 

and  save  half  of 
your  oil  bill.  If  it 
doesn't  save  half 
you  may  return  It 
at  our  expense.  We 
send  the  Filter. 
You  deoide. 

"Our  Supt.  would 
not  be  without  your 
Filter,  if  he  could 
not  replace  it,  for 
5  times  the  cost."— 
A  S.  Bacon&Sons, 
Savannah,  Ga. 

THE  BURT  MFG.  CO., 
Largest  MJrt.  of  Oil  Filter*  in  the  World, 
Akron,  Ohio.  U.  S.  A. 

Also  supplied  by  EDglne  Builders.  Oil 
Companies  and  Power  Contractors. 


DON'T  BUY 

MINING    STOCKS 

UNTIL,  YOU  SEE  OUR  LOW  QUOTATIONS 
on  the  stocks  of  a  thousand  companies.  We 
wilt  send  FREE  ON  APPLICATION  our 

SPECIAL  PRICE  LIST. 

We  Pay  Cash  for  Bargains. 
CATLIN  &  POWELL  CO., 

Ho.  »44,  35  Wall  St..  HEW  TORE. 


MTNFRV  staies  ProsPecto,,s- 

GRUB- 


STAKE  CO. 


11  BROADWAY, 
HEW  YORK. 


The  "Pennington"  Hammered 

Steel  Shoes  and  Dies  are  the 

Best  in  the  World. 

Manufactured  only  by 

GE0.W. PENNINGTON  SONS  INC. 

SHN     PRANCI8CO. 

M  A\JC  V  Developed  or  partly  devel- 

ITlA/llCI  oped  wlilcl)  Lave  Ore  In 

T  A  i  XTF'Tv  slSM.     First-class  refer- 

LUAJNCD  ences-    Established  1855. 

MTVJCC  E   N.  BREITDNG  &  CO., 
ITllll  Ed,  Marquette,  Mich 

THE  ROESSLER  4  BASSLACHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

100  William  Street,  Hew  York.  i: 

CYANIDE 


Peroxide  of  Sodium 


Hyposulphite  of  Soda 
Chloride  of  Lime 


Sulphide  of  Iron 

/md  Other   Chemlcala   tor    Mining    Purpoeea 


Always    on  th 
right   vride    of 

question 
of  time -the 

EXGIN 

W/1TCH 

Every  Elgin  Watch  is  fully  guaranteed.    All  jeweler 
have  Elgin  Watches.    "Timemakers  and  Timekeepers, 
illustrated  history  of  the  watch,  sent  free  upon  request  to 
Elgin   National  Watch  Co.,  Elgin,  Illi 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  5,  1903. 


AND 


COMPLETE     CYANIDE     PLANT5 


Illustrated  Catalogue  Mailed  Free 

PACIFIC     TANK     COMPANY 


L08  ANGELES 
6TH  AND  MATEO  STS. 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
301    MARKET  STREET 


Stamp  Mills 

OF   THE  LATEST   IMPROVED 


DESIGN    FOR 


Gold  Milling. 


VULCAN 

Double  Rope  TRAMWAYS. 

ROPEWAYS  (Single  Hope  Sjsltm) 

SEND  FOB  CATALOGUE. 

VULCAN    IRON    WORKS. 


OFFICE,  505  MISSIOB  ST., 
SAH  FRAHCISCO.  CAL. 


SPECIFY 


"B  *  A" 


C.  P.  Acids  and  Salts. 

HIGHEST  PURITY-LOWEST  COST. 

Baker  &  Adamson  Chemical  Co  ,  Easton,  Pa. 


It 


(and  "W"E3  iLxxetlsLo  tlxezxi.) 


W.  &  P.  ROOFING. 

Best  wool  felt,  thoroughly  saturated 
and  coated;  elastic,  and  unafficted  by 
heat  or  cold ;  will  not  rust  or  drip  like 
metal;  unaffected  by  acid  fumes  or 
gases;  is  not  inflammable  like  shin- 
gles. Good  for  mining  plants,  mills, 
factories,  warehouses  —  any  place 
where  steam  or  vapors  abound;  for 
roofing  and  lining  dry  kilns — will 
stand  heat  and  insulate  perfectly; 
for  dwellings,  stables,  barns,  stock 
sheds,  poultry  houses — anything  need- 
ing protection  from  sun  and  rain. 
Lowest  in  price ;  best,  irrespective  of 
price.  If  interested  let  us  send  vou 
sample.  PACIFIC  REFINING"  & 
ROOFING  CO.,  113  Mew  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Feancisco. 


The  above  picture  shows  one  of  our  Traction  Engine  outfits  in  use  in  Guatemala,  C.  A. ;  was  used  during  late 
war  by  that  Government  for  transportation  of  troops  and  supplies.  Engine,  110  H.  P.;  car  capacity,  16  tons  each. 
Can  be  used  on  from  5  to  30  per  cent  grades,  depending  upon  condition  of  roads.  Over  150  in  use  on  this  coast 
alone,  and  every  one  a  money  maker.  Let  us  know  the  kind  of  freight  you  are  hauling,  per  cent  of  the  grades, 
usual  conditions  of  roads,  and  we  will  tell  you  how  to  save  |  to  J  of  your  present  cost  of  hauling.  You  know  we 
also  make  the  best  2  to  75  H.  P.  Crude  Oil  Engine,  with  Improved   Generator  and   Self-Starter,  in  the  market. 

Write  for  our  new  Catalogue  No.  18,  and  we'll  do  the  rest. 

THE  BEST  MANUFACTURING  COMPANY, 

SAIN     LEANDRO,    CALIFORNIA. 


SAMSON  TURBINE 

"We  use  a  PATENTED   NUT  LOCK  on    the   bolts  which   hold  the  gates  in 

position  on  the  SAMSON.     This   prevents   the  bolts  from  becoming  unscrewed 

and  allowing  the  gates  to  get  out  of  alignment  and  wear  unevenly,  which  causes 

leakage. 

Write  Dept.  "AA"  for  Catalog. 

JAMES  LEFFEL  &  CO., Springfield, Ohio, U.S. A. 

Sales  Agents  for 


LESS  WATER. 


LESS  WEIGHT. 


JOCELYN'S  20TH  CENTURY 
PLACER  MACHINE. 


HAND  POWER. 

For  use  In  Arizona,  Alaska, 
etc.,  where  heavy  expen- 
sive machinery  cannot  he 
taken  and  where  water  is 
scarce.  Weight  about  100 
Made  in  sections  and 
can  be  packed  on  mule 
back. 

Write  for  Booklet. 


A.  H.  JOCELYN, 

1138  Clarkson  Street,  DENVER,  COLORADO. 

MORE  EFFICIENCY.  LESS  PRICE. 


HARRON,  RICKARD  &  McCONE, 
SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL 


California,  Arizona  and 
Nevada. 


The  American  Metal  Co. 

LIMITED. 

52  Broadway,    -    NEW  YORK. 

Security  Building.  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

BULLION,   MATTES,  ORES, 
of  every  description. 

COPPER,    TIN,    LEAD,    SPELTER, 
ANTIMONY,  NICKEL. 


Agents   lor 

Henry  B.  Merton  &  Co.,  Ltd  ,  London. 
Metallgesellschaft,  Frankfort-on-Main. 
Metallurglscne   Gesellschatt,   Frankrort-on- 

Main. 
Balbaob  S.  &  K.  Co..  Newark,  N.  J. 
Soolete  le  Nickel,  Paris 


Whole  No.  2251.-VOLD^£,"""       SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  12,  1903.        Tra£Eer^?.?  "V™."" 


Mill  and  Cyanide  Plant  From  Below,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona. 


Side  View  of  Mill  and  Partly  Completed  Ore  Bin,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona 


Ore  Bin  in  Process  of  Construction,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona 


Filter  Press  and  Leaching  Tanks  Under  Construction,  Cyanide  Plant,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona. 


JVIININi;  ANO  SCIEN.IFIC  PRESS. 


Staging  and  Method  of  Placing  Gold  and  Sump    Tanks,  Cyanide  Plant,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona.  Cam  Shaft  Floor,  Sultan  Mill,  Arizona. 

An  Arizona  Gold  MM  and  Cyanide  Plant.     (See  Page  166) 


163 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12, 1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Mexico  and  Canada $3  00 

AU  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 

Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postofflce  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  Offices: 
New  York  City,  720  Park  Row  Bldg.        Boston.  42  Worcester  Square. 
Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block.  Denver,  606  Mack  Block. 

«T.  F.  HAUOB1N Publisher 

San  Francisco,  September  12,  J  903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  f°w- 

Mill  and  Cyanide  Plant  From  Below,  Sultan  Mine  Arizona  ...162 
Side  View  of  Mill  and  Partly  Completed  Ore  Bin,  Sultan  Mtne.162 

Ore  Bin  in  Processor  Obstruction,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona 162 

Filter  Press  and  Leaching  Tanks  Under  Construction,  Cyanide 

Plant,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona 162 

Staging  and  Method  of  Placing  Gold  and  Sump  Tanks,  Cyanide 

Plant,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona 162 

Cam  Shaft  Floor,  Sultan  Mill,  Arizona 162 

A  Best  Traction  Eigine  Used  for  Military  Purposes  in  Central 

America 168 

Rothchild  Gold  &  Silver  M.  Co. 's  Property,  Argentine,  Colo  ...170 

Device  to  Stop  Humming 170 

Tanks  Used  in  the  Manufacture  of  Carborundum  171 

Furnace  at  the  Niagara  Fal  Is  Carborundum  Faotory 17 1 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 172 

editorial: 

Government  Inspectors  to  Protect  Mining  Investors 163 

Difference  in  Procedure  in  United  States  Land  Offices 163 

American  Miners  Abroad 163 

mining  summary 173-174-175-176-177 

latest  market  reports ,...178 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 164 

.Lifting  Water  by  Compressed  Air 165 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt 165 

An  Arizona  Gold  Mill  and  Cyanide  Plant 166 

Engineering  as  a  Profession 166 

The  American  Mining  Congress  166 

Ore  Deposits  of  the  Northern  Black  Hills 166 

The  Potsdam  Formation  of  Bald  Mountain  District 167 

Pyritio  Smelting 167 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 168 

Good  in  Peace  or  War 168 

A  Practical  Suggestion 169 

Mining  More'Strenuous  Than  Formerly 169 

Leaching  Low  Grade  Copper  Ore 169 

Mines  of  Summit  County,  Colo 170 

Simple  Device  to  Stop  Humming 170 

Manufacture  of  Carborundum 171 

How  to  Determine  if  You  Have.a  Concentrating  Ore 171 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 172 

Personal , 177 

New  Patents 178 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 178 

Commercial  Paragraphs  178 

Obituary 178 


A  GOVERNMENT  Inspector  to  protect  mining 
■**■  investors  is  a  good  idea  merely  as  an  idea,  but 
it  wouldn't  work  to  any  one's  satisfaction.  There  is 
nothing  about  a  Government  Inspector  that  makes 
him  superior  to  any  one  else,  and  his  judgment  as 
to  what  was  or  wasn't  a  good  investment  or  a  deserv- 
ing field,  for  mining  development  would  be  no  better 
than  that  of  another.  No  man's  judgment  on  such 
matters  is  infallible.  Nothing  but  actual  develop- 
ment work  can  determine  the  value  or  lack  of  value 
in  a  mine  or  prospect.  It  is  a  notorious  fact  that  the 
Cripple  Creek  country  in  Colorado  was  "turned 
down  "  as  being  no  good  by  famous  mining  engineers; 
so  also  was  Tonopah,  Nevada.  As  to  "protecting" 
the  would-be  mining  investor,  if  the  Government 
ever  starts  in  that  kind  of  business  it  will  have  a  big 
contract  on  its  hands.  There  are  a  hundred  ways  for 
the  unwise  investor  to  drop  his  money  besides  un- 
worthy mining  investments,  and  as  a  cold  fact  it  is 
extremely  probable  that  there  is  less  lack  of  legiti- 
mate investment  proportionately  in  mining  matters 
than  in  any  form  of  placing  money  in  hopes  of  profit. 
Of  course  there  never  can  be  any  law,  State  or 
Federal,  against  any  one  making  a  fool  of  himBelf 
and  many  are  constantly  abusing  such  privilege. 


THERE  is  a  difference  in  procedure  in  United 
States  Land  Offices,  in  different  States,  as  to 
requirements.  Ordinarily  in  the  case  of  plats  on 
mining  locations  the  several  Surveyor- Generals  of 
the  different  States  deem  that  the  letter  and  spirit 
of  the  law  is  observed  in  simply  requiring  that  but 
one  plat  be  placed  in  the  case  of  where  there  is  more 
than  one  mining  claim  in  a  group,  and  that  were 
there  forty  mining  claims  in  one  group  one  plat  would 
suffice.  In  the  case  of  the  Surveyor-General  of  Cali- 
fornia precedent  and  custom  seem  to  make  it  oblig- 
atory in  his  office  to  furnish  the  locator  a  separate 
plat  for  each  location.    This,  of  course,  involves  con- 


siderable extra  office  work,  but  in  the  early  days  of 
California  it  was  deemed  necessary  and  desirable, 
and  the  custom  has  been  followed  through  the  years. 
It  is  noticeable,  also,  that  there  is  some  latitude  in 
the  matter  of  fees.  While  in  some  States  from  $30 
to  $35  is  charged  for  this  plat,  and  even  then  but  one 
plat  furnished  for  the  entire  group  of  say  ten  or 
twenty  locations,  in  the  office  of  the  Surveyor-Gen- 
eral of  California  there  is  a  charge  of  $25,  but  no  ex- 
tra charge  for  the  additional  plats  furnished  for  use, 
though  as  stated,  the  requirements  of  that  office  are 
that  there  shall  be  a  separate  plat  for  each  location 
in  the  group. • 

American  Miners  Abroad. 

"  You  don't  appreciate  the  United  States  till 
you've  been  away  awhile,"  is  the  keynote  of  two  let- 
ters received  this  week  from  two  eminent  mining 
engineers — one  just  returned  from  a  South  American 
mine  management,  the  other  from  a  still  farther  loca- 
tion. Both  go  into  detail  to  the  effect  that  nothing 
but  unusually  high  wages  should  tempt  an  American 
mining  engineer  to  go  to  foreign  lands,  and  even  then 
it  is  questionable  if  such  self-ostracism  pays  in  the 
long  run.  The  returned  South  American  declares 
that  the  high  salary  he  was  paid  did  not  make  up 
for  the  inefficiency  of  his  assistants,  the  constant 
vexation  and  annoyance,  the  general  lack  of  much 
that  the  American  takes  as  a  matter  of  course,  and 
the  enforced  delay  so  galling  to  any  one  who  wants 
to  see  quick  results.  Indeed,  much  of  his  plaint  is  a 
statement  that  the  best  things  in  this  life  are  not 
paid  for  in  money,  and  that  there  is  a  whole  lot  to  a 
position  besides  the  salary  connected  with  it — all  of 
which  has  been  said  and  sung  before.  When  a  man 
exiles  himself  he  is  supposed  to  take  all  that  into  ac- 
count beforehand.  The  most  noticeable  part  of  the 
statement  is  where  he  says  :  "A  great  lure  to  the 
young  American  mining  engineer,  and  the  profes- 
sional man  generally,  is  the  great  chance  to  make  a 
fortune  in  these  countries.  I  have  found  this  to  be  a 
myth.  I  can  do  more  with  $10,000  in  the  United 
States  than  I  could  with  $100,000  in  any  part  of  South 
America  that  I  visited,  and  do  it  five  times  as  quick. 
All  our  Western  mining  States  hold  just  as  good  min- 
ing and  milling  propositions  as  can  be  found  in  Mexico 
or  South  America." 

There  are  many  good  mines  in  both  countries  men- 
tioned that  have  long  been  worked  with  profit,  and 
there  is  abundance  of  virgin  ground  that  awaits  de- 
velopment there,  as  well  as  an  abundance  of  aban- 
doned mines  that  could  ba  made  to  pay  handsomely 
under  modern  mine  management.  The  same  remark 
will  precisely  apply  to  this  country  as  well.  One  need 
not  go  out  of  the  confines  of  his  own  county  to  call  to 
mind  several  good  mining  prospects  that  need  only 
capital  and  intelligence  to  make  them  pay.  Mani- 
festly, then,  there  is  abundance  of  raw  material,  and 
what  is  needed  is  skill  and  money — two  things  that 
are  always  sure  of  reward  the  world  over. 

The  chief  inducement  to  an  American  mining  en- 
gineer, manager  or  superintendent  is  the  usually 
higher  salary  he  gets  abroad;  but  when  the  increased 
expense  and  annoyance  is  reckoned,  and  the  depriva- 
tion often  of  much  that  goes  to  make  life  comfortable 
or  endurable,  it  is  sometimes  questionable  if  one  bet- 
ters his  condition  by  going  outside  the  national  con- 
fines. To  the  average  unmarried  man  the  chief 
attraction  or  incentive  is  the  change,  the  opportunity 
to  "  get  experience,"  and  a  little  of  that  old  romantic 
taste  of  adventure.  The  American,  whether  miner 
or  anything  else,  is  a  good  deal  of  a  nomad;  we  are 
all  wanderers  ;  a  touch  of  the  Arab  is  in  us  all ;  but 
there  comes  a  time  when  the  love  of  travel  gives  way 
to  a  homelier  feeling.  Many  times  mining  engineers 
have  said  to  the  writer:  "I  would  rather  take  con- 
siderably less  salary  and  stay,  for  I  am  tired  of 
rambling  the  earth  over ;  I  have  friends  and  ac- 
quaintances here,  and  I  would  much  prefer  to  remain; 
but  I  have  the  skill,  they  want  me  bad  enough  to 
pay  me  more  than  I  am  getting,  and  so  I  go."  A 
man  with  others  dependent  on  him  feels  that  he  must 
sell  his  skill  in  the  highest  market,  and  many  a  man 
is  self-exiled  because  of  such  devotion  to  duty. 

The  other,  who  writes  from  a  land  where  in  the 
heavens  the  Southern  Cross  takes  the  place  of  the 
North  Star,  says  about  the  same  in  effect  as  the  re- 
turned South  American,  emphasizing  his  experience 
that  the  versatility  of  th6  American  miner  is  pain- 


fully absent  where  he  has  charge ;  that  only  one 
thing  can  be  expected  from  one  man,  and  not  much 
of  that.  While  a  miner  in  the  United  States  can, 
when  required,  do  a  variety  of  things — be  equally 
clever  at  blasting,  timbering,  tunnel  work,  sinking, 
looking  out  for  swelling  ground,  taking  care  of  him- 
self and  those  around  him,  at  a  pinch  being  some- 
what of  a  carpenter,  fairly  well  acquainted  with 
country  rock  and  its  attendant  conditions,  quick  to 
note  and  put  into  practice  possibilities  of  develop- 
ment and  profit,  and  ready  to  take  advantage  of 
existing  conditions  and  new  phases  as  they  arise — a 
parallel  is  drawn  to  the  disadvantage  of  those  with 
whom  that  writer  is  at  present  associated;  the  asser- 
tion being  made  that  the  cheap  man  is  often  dearest, 
and  that  one  alert,  quick-witted  man  is  worth  a 
dozen  of  the  kind  that  see  only  what  is  before  them — 
and  that  but  dimly — and  whose  horizon  is  bounded 
by  their  daily  wage,  without  hope  or  care  for  the 
future,  and  with  no  ambition  as  to  progress.  He 
says  that  the  only  redeeming  feature  about  them  is 
that  they  don't  strike,  and  implies  that  even  an  occa- 
sional display  of  desire  in  that  direction  would 
relieve  the  monotony.  (If  he  were  managing  a  Colo- 
rado or  California  property  at  present  he  would  have 
little  to  complain  of  in  this  latter  connection.) 

The  flattering  reference  to  the  American  miner's 
adaptability  is  deserved.  The  miner  who  does  his 
thinking  and  talking  in  English  is  usually  equal  to 
anything  that  calls  for  immediate  attention.  It  is  all 
in  the  day's  work,  and  he  will  sharpen  a  drill,  lay 
out  a  ditch,  upraise  on  a  stope,  follow  the  vein,  build 
an  ore  bin,  charge  a  furnace,  make  an  assay,  or  boss 
the  boarding  house  with  equal  facility.  If  he  can't 
do  it  he  will  tackle  the  job  anyhow,  and  is  at  all  times 
ready  with  advice  and  opinion.  That  is  the  distinct- 
ive difference,  and,  though  he  has  the  faults  of  his 
good  qualities,  it  is  no  wonder  that  the  mine  man- 
ager in  foreign  climes  sighs  for  the  swift  dexterity 
and  readiness  that  he  is  familiar  with  in  this  country. 

The  most  noticeable  point  that  these  two  corre- 
spondents make  is  where  they  both  say  in  almost 
exactly  the  same  words  that  so  far  as  their  expe- 
rience goes  there  are  better  chalices  for  capital  and 
skill,  for  profitable  mine  development  and  permanent 
dividend  producing  propositions  right  here  in  this 
country  than  anywhere  else.  This  may  or  may  not 
be  so.  It  is  too  sweeping  a  statement  to  be  accepted, 
but  certain  it  is  that  the  resources  of  this  country 
offer  at  least  as  good  a  field  for  the  investor  or  mine 
manager  as  any  other  section  of  the  globe. 

We  would  not  be  human  to  omit  another  statement 
that  both  of  our  correspondents  make,  viz.,  that 
they  never  fully  realized  what  a  help  to  the  mining 
engineer  and  manager  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  was  till  they  read  it  in  foreign  lands,  and  got 
others  in  their  employ  to  read  it,  the  South  American 
saying  particularly  that  the  improvement  in  the 
quality  and  quantity  of  the  work  was  noticeable 
among  those  who  read  this  journal.  That,  however, 
is  usual,  and  is  one  of  the  things  that  has  often  been 
told  us  before,  but  which,  of  course,  is  always  pleas- 
ing to  be  told,  not  in  a  flattering  way,  but  by  reason 
of  its  truth.  Many  times  through  the  years  mine 
managers,  owners  and  superintendents  have  been 
kind  enough  to  say  that  they  knew  of  no  better  in- 
vestment than  to  put  out  half  a  dozen  extra  copies 
of  this  journal  among  those  with  whom  they  were  in 
daily  association,  to  the  ultimate  good  of  all  con- 
cerned. It  is  a  part  of  the  province  and  purpose  of 
this  journal  to  lay  before  its  readers  modern  methods, 
devices  and  machinery,  to  the  end  that  economy  of 
operation  may  result  in  greater  profit,  and  that  the 
work  may  be  carried  on  with  less  trouble  and  more 
satisfaction  all  round. 

There  is  nothing  easy  about  mining,  no  matter 
what  part  one  plays  in  the  great  industry,  and  in  the 
operation  and  management  of  a  metal  mine  so  much 
depends  upon  intelligent  co-operation  that  no  wonder 
the  mine  managers  whose  correspondence  is  here 
cited  lay  stress  upon  the  kind  of  assistance  that  they 
miss  in  those  with  whom  they  are  associated. 

It  is,  however,  to  be  borne  in  mind  that  efficiency 
in  mining  methods  is  not  wholly  to  be  claimed  by  the 
miners  of  any  country.  Many  a  good  miner  has  come 
here  from  across  the  sea,  able  to  see  and  oversee  to 
his  and  others  advantage.  "Everybody  is  wiser 
than  anybody,"  and  possession  of  exclusive  knowledge 
is  not  the  sole  attribute  of  any  race  or  nation. 


September  12,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


164 


C 


CONCENTRATES. 


Volume  for  volume,  carbonic  acid  gas  is  2\  times  as 
heavy  as  marsh  gas. 

* 
There  Is  a  total  of  nineteen  coal  mines  operating  in 
South   Africa,   producing   nearly  a  quarter  of  a  million 
tons  of  coal  monthly. 

* 
The  Tamarack  shaft  in  the  Lake  Superior  copper  dis- 
trict is  nearly   one  mile  In   vertical  depth,  and   the  ore 
therein  grows  leaner  with  depth. 
* 
In   the  case  of  a  heavy  sphere,  8  Inches  in  diameter, 
being  put  Into  a  conical  vessel  filled  with  water,  the  ves- 
sel being  10  Inches  diameter   and  of   12  Inches  altitude, 
there  would  be  a  displacement  of  210  2  cubic  Inches  of 
water. 

* 
Water  can  be  heated  to  any  temperature  that  is  pos- 
sible to  be  produced  by  the  sufficient  pressure  requisite 
for  the  stated  temperature,  but  cannot  be  heated  to  a 
higher  temperature  than  212°  P.  under  atmospheric 
pressure. 

* 
There  are  several  long  flumes  In  California.  One  at 
Madera  Is  53  miles  In  length,  and  has  besides  18  miles  of 
feeders.  It  is  V-shaped,  Is  46  Inches  across  the  top;  36 
Inch  sides,  has  a  dally  capacity  of  floating  400,000  feet 
B.  M.,  and  cost  (270,000. 

* 

SCRAP  platinum  will  dissolve  only  In  aqua  regia, 
which  is  a  mixture  of  three  parts  Btrong  hydrochloric 
acid  and  one  part  strong  nitric  acid.  After  dissolving, 
the  excess  of  acid  is  evaporated  and  the  resultant  plat- 
inum chloride  crystallized  out. 
* 

Mistakes  in  our  contemporaries  are  rarely  noticed :  we 
are  too  busy  trying  to  keep  mistakes  out  of  our  own  col- 
umns to  have  time  or  space  to  devote  to  the  errors  of 
others.  Every  one  is  supposed  to  do  the  best  he  can  and 
as  near  right  as  he  knows  how. 
* 

The  finding  of  gold  and  tin  together  in  place  is  a  rare 
occurrence.  It  is  said  that  such  a  combination  has  been 
noted  at  the  Royal  Tasmanian  mine,  in  the  northeastern 
part  of  Tasmania.  A  similar  occurrence  Is  reported 
from  Nigger  Hill,  South  Dakota. 
* 

A  QUARTZ  MILL  handling  free-milling  gold  ore  is  not  a 
"reduction  works,"  according  to  the  decision  of  the  Dis- 
trict Court  at  Reno,  Nev.,  in  the  case  of  the  Miners' 
Union  vs.  J.  W.  Phillips,  In  testing  the  Nevada  eight- 
hour  law  passed  by  the  last  Legislature. 
* 

FIGURING  a  profit  of  $1  per  ton  on  86  ore  where  the 
cost  of  freight  and  treatment  Is  $5,  is  only  theoretical. 
In  practice  not  over  90%  metallic  extraction  could  be 
counted  on,  and  if  the  costs  and  receipts  made  even,  It 
would,  In  the  case  specified,  be  good  work. 
* 

In  the  MoebiuB  process  of  refining  silver,  the  metal  Is 
deposited  from  a  solution  of  its  nitrate  by  a  heavy  elec- 
trical current,  coming  down  in  the  form  of  loose  crystals, 
which  are  bruBhed  off  the  cathode  and  caught  on  mus- 
lin trays.    The  process  1b  a  commercial  Buccess. 

The  Panama  fee  for  taking  up  a  mining  claim  Is  $10; 
the  tax  title  costB  8150.  To  "  denounce  "  three  perten- 
encias  costs  $500  for  each  pertenencla.  The  annual  tax 
on  each  pertenencla  Is  $40,  whether  It  Is  worked  or  not. 
A  "  pertenencla  "  Is  a  rectangle  1968  feet  long  and  797 
feet  wide. 

* 

A  man  can  not  be  made  a  stockholder  in  a  concern 
against  his  will,  and  the  faot  that  his  name  was  put  upon 
the  hooks  of  the  company,  either  by  mistake  or  other- 
wise, against  his  knowledge  or  consent,  would  go  far  to- 
ward exonerating  him  from  any  liability  as  a  stockholder 
In  that  concern. 

* 

Ozocerite  (ozokerite)  is  a  mineral  wax  having  the 
appearance  and  consistency  of  wax  or  spermaceti.  It  Is 
essentially  a  paraffine,  being  mainly  of  a  higher  member 
of  the  series;  Is  colorless  to  white  when  pure,  but  often 
leek-green,  yellowish  to  brown;  occurs  In  beds  of  coal  or 
associated  bituminous  deposits. 
* 

Cobalt  oxide  is  produced  In  the  United  States  to 
the  annual  amount  of  about  14,000  pounds;  five  times 
that  amount  is  annually  Imported.  Most  of  the  Ameri- 
can cobalt  co'mes  from  Mine  la  Motte,  Missouri.  It  is 
prepared  for  commercial  use  at  the  American  Nickel 
Works,  Camden,  N.  J.  It  is  used  by  makers  of  enamels 
and  paintB;  there  Is  scarcely  any  general  demand  for  It. 

The  melting  point  of  silver  Is  954°  C.  It  Is  the  beBt 
conductor  of  heat  and  electricity  of  any  of  the  metals. 
Taking  silver  at  100  the  conductivity  of  gold  would  be, 
for  heat,  53.2;  of  copper,  73.6.  Silver  Is  readily  dissolved 
by  nitric  acid.  Sulphuric  acid  attacks  It  only  when  con- 
centrated and  boiling.  The  surface  only  Is  attacked  by 
hydrochloric  acid,  covering  It  with  an  impervious  coat- 
ing of  chloride. 

* 

A  TRIPLEX  PUMP,  cylinders  4  Inches  by  6  Inches  and 


making  74  revolutions  per  minute,  will  discharge  19  3584 
cubic  feet,  144  36  gallons  of  water  per  minute.  For  a 
32-mlle  electric  transmission  for  thedellvery  of  mechanical 
power  the  oonstant  current  transmission  would  require 
dynamos  and  motors  of  two  kilowatts  total  capacity,  and 
for  the  delivery  of  low-voltage  current  dynamos  and  mo- 
tors of  three  kilowatts  capacity  for  each  kilowatt  of 
working  capacity. 

* 
There  Is  no  legal  limit  to  the  number  of  mining  claims 
one  may  file  on  public  mineral  land  In  the  United  States, 
nor  to  the  number  that  may  be  so  held  provided  the 
requisite  annual  assessment  work  Is  kept  up.  In  Mexico 
the  owners  of  a  mining  property  may  ask  for  an  Increase 
of  the  number  of  their  claims,  and  for  this  purpose  must 
subject  themselves  to  the  proceedings  laid  down  for  ap- 
plication for  a  concession. 

* 
IN  every  field  of  engineering  the  fundamental  princi- 
ple that  limits  progress  In  promoting  efficiency  Is:  Im- 
provement may  be  carried  to  that  point  at  which  further 
advance  will  cost  more  than  the  gain,  and  at  whloh  a 
lesser  efficiency  would  mean  a  sacrifice  of  economy  more 
than  equal  to  the  saving  In  cost.  A  particular  Improve- 
ment will  thus  find  Its  limit  In  application  under  given 
conditions  at  the  financial  critical  point,  however  suc- 
cessful, practically,  It  may  prove  to  be. 

* 
Steam  may  exist  In  three  forms;  It  may  be  wet  sat- 
urated steam,  or  dry  saturated  steam,  or  superheated 
steam.  The  steam  consumption  of  the  engine  will  man- 
ifest Influence  by  the  nature  of  the  steam  supplied.  If 
the  boilers  furnish  very  wet  steam  a  large  amount  of 
entrained  water  is  necessarily  carried  through  the  en- 
gine. Excessive  condensation  In  the  steam  drum  and  feed- 
water  heater  can  be  remedied  by  having  an  exhaust 
steam  separator  fitted  to  the  exhaust  pipe  after  it  leaves 
the  feed-water  heater. 

* 

The  California  State  Miners'  Association  Is  Intact,  and 
not  wholly  Inert.  It  does  the  most  of  Its  work  through 
committees,  and  on  the  activity  of  those  committees  de- 
pends largely  its  power.  The  work  of  the  committees  Is 
assumed  to  be  continuous,  and  but  little  is  done  at  the 
annual  conventions  beyond  hearing  the  reportB  of  those 
committees  and  electing  officers,  though  the  convention 
voices  its  sentiments  and  outlines  its  policy  for  the  en- 
suing year  by  the  kind  of  resolutions  paBsed.  The  Asso- 
ciation has  been  of  great  benefit  and  the  days  of  its  use- 
fulness are  by  no  means  ended. 

* 
Silver  sulphide  may  be  completely  reduced  by 
fuBlon  with  niter,  but  It  Is  not  acted  on  by  sodium  sul- 
phate or  lime.  With  potassium  chlorate  one-third  of 
the  silver  Is  reduced  to  metal,  the  remaining  two-thirds 
being  converted  Into  chloride.  Sulphide  of  silver  when 
roasted  with  common  salt  is  partly  converted  by  the 
joint  action  of  BOdlum  chloride  and  oxygen  Into  sliver 
chloride.  Sodium  Bulphate  is  formed  at  the  same  time. 
At  a  red  heat  chlorine  will  quickly  attack  silver  sul- 
phide; In  the  cold  chlorine  water  acts  upon  It  slowly, 
with  formation  of  silver  chloride  and  sulphuric  acid. 

6 
It  is  possible  that  the  difficulty  mentioned  in  the 
chlorlnation  method  may  be  because  of  impure  chlorine. 
The  chlorine  so  used  should  contain  no  hydrochloric 
acid,  which  dissolves  the  oxides,  and  tends  to  spoil  the 
gold  solution.  In  the  case  of  sulphides  It  will  form  hy- 
drogen sulphide  and  tend  to  precipitate  gold  from  the 
solution.  Then,  too,  if  there  be  any  substance  in  the  ore 
likely  to  be  attacked  by  free  chlorine  the  best  results  of 
the  method  oannot  be  secured.  The  question  hence  In- 
volves not  only  the  chlorine  used,  but  the  suitability  of 
the  ore  Itself  to  the  chlorlnation  process. 

* 
Condensed  food  has  been  advertised  for  prospectors 
and  others  who  have  to  pack  their  own  "grub,  "but 
desslcated  eggs  and  concentrated  beefsteaks  do  not  satis- 
factorily take  the  place  of  beans,  bacon  and  coffee. 
These  faddish  foods  are  all  well  enough  where  one  oan 
discard  them  at  will,  but  on  a  prospecting  trip,  while 
they  may  be  taken  as  an  experiment,  It  were  not  well  to 
trust  wholly  to  them.  Nothing  has  thus  far  been  found 
to  fill  the  place  In  the  prospector's  outfit  bo  long  and  use- 
fully occupied  by  the  sack  of  flour,  the  oan  of  baking 
powder,  the  side  of  bacon  and  paper  of  coffee,  which  are 
good  old  standbys,  ooupled  with  what  can  be  got  along 
the  way. 

IN  the  sense  that  one  speaks  of  a  "current  "  of  water 
there  is  no  such  thing  as  an  electric  "  current,"  yet  that 
term  Is  used  In  want  of  a  better  one  In  talking  or  writing 
of  electrical  power  or  transmission.  The  word  "cur- 
rent "  embodies  the  Idea  of  flowing  velocity — weight, 
momentum.  And  when  applied  to  the  consideration  of 
electrical  phenomena  one  can  hardly  divest  the  word 
sufficiently  of  its  accepted  meaning  to  correctly  Indicate 
the  action  or  function  of  dynamic  electricity.  Used  in 
its  electrical  sense,  then,  the  word  "current"  may  be 
considered  as  expressing  generally  a  condition  or  relation 
of  electrical  forces  supposed  to  be  In  progression;  an 
axis  of  power  in  every  part  of  which  both  electric  forces 
are  present  in  equal  amount. 

A  SINGLE  leather  belt,  1  Inch  wide  and  running 
at  the  rate  of  800  feet  per  minute,  will  transmit  1  H.  P. 
A  double  leather  belt  will  transmit  at  this  speed  1?  H.  P. 
per  Inch  width  of  belt,  both  pulleys  of  the  same  diameter 
going  180°  contact.     All  belts  over  12  Inches  wide  should 


be  made  double.  The  old  theory  that  atmospheric 
pressure  caused  a  belt  to  adhere  to  the  smooth  surface  of 
a  pulley  has  been  partially  discarded,  although  the  pres- 
sure of  the  atmosphere  certainly  does  Increase  the  co- 
efficient of  friction.  The  grain  side  of  the  belt  should 
be  next  to  the  pulley.  To  determine  the  horse  power  a 
single  belt  will  transmit  when  the  arc  of  contact  on  the 
smaller  pulley  is  158°,  divide  the  speed  of  the  belt  in  feet 
per  minute  by  800,  and  multiply  the  quotient  by  the 
width  of  the  belt  In  Inches;  then  multiply  the  product 
by  .92;  the  result  will  be  the  approximate  horse  power 
the  belt  will  transmit. 

* 
The  maximum  amount  of  water  a  pump  can  deliver 
per  day  1b  understood  to  be  Its  "capacity."  A  pump  of 
3,000,000  gallons  capacity  is  one  that  oould  raise  3,000,020 
gallons  of  water  In  twenty-four  hours.  The  work  done 
by  the  pump  Is  further  determined  by  the  height  of  lift 
or  the  pressure  that  It  maintains.  A  pump  of  3,000,000 
gallons  capacity  lifting  water  a  height  of  100  feet  would 
be  of  1,500,000  gallons  capacity  if  the  height  of  lift  were 
200  feet.  The  power  of  a  pump  Is  the  number  of  H.  P. 
It  can  deliver;  1  H.  P.  Is  the  performance  of  550  foot- 
pounds of  work  In  one  second.  If  1,200,000  gallons  of 
water  were  to  be  ralBed  through  a  height  of  230  feet  In 
twenty-four  hours,  the  weight  to  be  lifted  In  one  second 
would  be  116}  pounds  and  the  power  required  48.6  H.  P. 
The  effective  power  of  the  pump  would  have  to  be  much 
higher,  for  work  Is  lost  In  overcoming  frlctlonal  resist- 
ances due  to  the  flow  In  the  pipe  as  well  as  the  pump 
cylinders. 

* 

To  determine  "  the  right  price  "  for  a  gasoline  en- 
gine is  a  difficult  matter.  The  prloeof  a  gasoline  engine, 
like  that  of  any  machine,  depends  primarily  on  the  ma- 
terial used,  and  the  amount  and  quality  of  work  put  on 
It.  "Cheapness"  Is  a  relative  term.  The  question  for 
the  purchaser  to  consider  Is:  what  he  wants.  One  good 
way  to  get  the  right  kind  of  an  engine  Is  to  write  to  a 
reliable  manufacturer,  giving  In  detail  just  what  the  en- 
gine Is  expected  to  do;  the  kind  of  work  planned,  ex- 
plaining at  length  the  use  to  which  the  engine  Is  to  be 
put.  It  Is  necessary  for  the  manufacturer  to  have  this 
Information,  that  he  can  recommend  the  kind  of  engine 
beBt  Bulted  to  the  stated  requirements.  And,  as  In  every- 
thing else,  If  one  wants  a  good  article  he  must  pay  a  good 
price  for  It.  A  high-grade,  well-built  machine  will 
prove  the  cheapest  in  the  long  run,  If  special  work  be 
required. 

* 

Silver  chloride  In  nature  Is  the  mineral  cerargy- 
rite.  It  may  be  produced  artificially  by  adding  chlorine 
water  or  a  solution  of  a  Boluble  chloride  to  a  solution  of 
Bllver  nitrate  or  sulphate,  and  washing  and  drying  the 
precipitate.  In  this  way  it  appears  as  a  snow-white  an- 
hydrous powder,  which  blackens  when  exposed  to  light. 
It  will  fuBe  at  about  360°  C,  forming  first  a  yellow  liquid 
and  then  a  thin  red  one  which  will  quickly  permeate  an 
ordinary  clay  crucible.  It  will  volatilize  slowly.  When 
It  solidifies  it  is  of  a  pale  yellow  color,  waxy  or  horn- 
like, and  partially  transparent.  Silver  chloride  is  almost 
Insoluble  In  pure  water;  It  will  dissolve  unchanged  In 
ammonia  water,  will  not  dissolve  In  cold  nitric  and  sul- 
phuric acids,  but  Is  decomposed  by  both  acids  In  the  con- 
centrated condition.  Among  metals  zinc  Is  considered 
the  best  reducing  agent  for  silver  chloride,  and  that 
method  Is  often  employed  in  establishments  using  the 
nitric  acid  process. 

* 

A  DRAWBACK  to  the  use  of  fine  ore  In  the  blast  fur- 
nace is  the  large  escape  of  dust  from  the  furnace  mouth, 
due  to  the  Btrong  air  blast,  the  pressure  of  which  must 
be  Increased  In  proportion  to  the  size  of  the  furnace,  If 
the  latter  is  to  be  driven  to  Its  full  capacity.  This  loss, 
which  In  a  600-ton  furnace  will  rise  to  forty  or  fifty  tons 
per  day,  can  be  considerably  reduced  by  using  brlquetted 
ore  instead  of  the  loose.  In  this  regard  it  must,  however, 
be  remembered  that  any  substance  that  can  be  used  to 
make  the  particles  of  a  mass  adhere,  when  compressed 
at  ordinary  temperature,  or  at  a  comparatively  low  heat, 
loses  its  binding  force  at  or  even  below  red  heat.  Hence, 
some  briquettes,  instead  of  remaining  whole  until  they 
melt  down,  have  a  tendency  to  crumble  and  spread  while 
passing  through  that  zone  of  the  furnace  where  the 
formation  of  gas  pockets  might  occasion  unsatisfactory 
results.  If  the  fine  ore  be  fritted  Into  hard  lumps  before 
being  charged  Into  the  blast  furnace,  such  lumps  might 
become  sufficiently  tough  to  hold  out  until  melted  down. 

* 

Concerning  the  condition  of  copper  mill  plates,  evi- 
dently too  muoh  cyanide  of  potassium  has  been  and  Is  still 
being  used  on  the  plates.  Cyanide  hardens  the  plates  and 
renders  them  unfit  for  amalgamating  gold.  Plates  may 
be  annealed  by  applying  moderate  heat — enough  to 
cause  dry  wood  or  sawdust  to  smoke.  This  softens  the 
plates  and  they  are  then  In  better  condition  to  amalga- 
mate than  before.  A  very  good  remedy  for  plates  which 
continually  become  discolored  with  copper  salts  is  to 
keep  brushing  them  frequently  and  allowing  the  plate  to 
accumulate  a  quantity  of  gold  amalgam,  which  forms 
the  beBt  possible  surface  for  collecting  more  gold.  They 
should  then  not  be  scraped  with  chisels  or  steel  scrapers, 
but  with  rubber  only.  In  some  cases  where  copper 
plates  tarnished  badly,  a  remedy  has  been  found  In 
placing  strips  of  Iron  or  zinc  on  the  plates  (heavy 
enough  not  to  be  moved  by  the  current  of  water  and 
pulp);  this  forms  an  electro,  or  galvanic  couple,  and  has 
the  effect  of  Btopplng  discoloration  of  the  plate  In  som  3 


165 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


Lifting  Water  by  Compressed  Air** 

The  complete  apparatus  necessary  for  the  success- 
ful raising  of  water  by  the  air  lift  system  consists  of 
an  air  compressor  and  the  necessary  air  regulators; 
an  air  tank  or  receiver  large  enough  to  furnish  a 
steady  flow  of  air  to  the  well,  and  to  break  up  the 
pulsations  of  the  compressor;  a  pressure  gauge  and 
valves  suitable  for  regulating  the  pressure  and  flow 
of  air,  and  the  necessary  length  of  pipe  of  the  proper 
sizes.  In  order  to  enable  the  well  to  work  success- 
fully and  economically  the  pipe  should  be  properly 
proportioned.  When  the  pipe  is  too  large  the  water 
is  apt  to  blow  out  in  a  spray  and  with  great  force, 
which  is  obviously  very  wasteful  both  of  air  and  water. 
When  the  pipe  is  too  small  the  air  is  apt  to  rise  to 
the  surface  of  the  water  in  small  bubbles,  and  with- 
out producing  the  desired  results.  When  the  air 
pipe  is  outside  of  the  water  pipe,  I  have  found  the 
proper  relation  between  the  diameters  of  the  air  and 
water  pipes  to  be  as  li  to  4,  which  gives  a  ratio  of 
actual  cross-sectional  area  of  6.24.  When  the  air 
pipe  is  situated  inside  the  water  pipe  the  same  ratio 
of  actual  cross- sectional  areas  should  obtain,  and  in 
this  case  the  diameter  of  the  water  pipe  is 


»  =  V 


a  X  6  24  +  A 


.7854 


,  in  which  a  and  A  represent 


the  actual  internal  and  external  areas  of  the  air  pipe. 
The  proper  areas  of  the  air  and  water  pipes,  to- 
gether with  the  required  depth  of  submersion  and 
the  introduction  of  the  air  into  the  water  pipe  at  the 
proper  point,  are  the  principal  factors  which  deter- 
mine the  success  of  the  air  lift. 

The  water  pipe  should  be  submerged  to  a  depth  of 
18  inches  for  each  foot  lift  above  the  lowest  water 
level  in  the  well;  in  other  words,  the  best  results  are 
obtained  when  submersion  =  .5,  the  lift  being  meas- 
ured from  the  lowest  or  the  working  water  level,  as 
it  is  called.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  depth  of  submer- 
sion for  the  best  results  should  not  be  less  than  H 
times  the  total  lift  measured  from  the  working  water 
level. 

When  the  well  is  being  worked  the  water  level  falls 
below  the  level  reached  before  water  is  pumped  out. 
To  illustrate  the  foregoing  rule,  suppose  we  wish  to 
elevate  water  25  feet  above  the  surface  of  the  ground, 
and  that  when  drilling  the  well,  water  is  obtained  at 
a  depth  of  40  feet  below  the  surface.  The  lift  is  now 
40  +"  25  =  65  feet.  Applying  the  foregoing  rule  for 
depth  of  submersion  we  have  65  X  1.5  =  97.5  feet,  or 
practically  100  feet,  thus  giving  a  total  height  of  165 
feet  from  the  point  where  the  air  enters  the  water 
pipe  to  the  point  of  discbarge.  After  drilling  to  a 
depth  of  165  —  25  =  140  feet,  we  are  ready  to  find 
the  working  water  level  in  the  well.  First  put  the 
water  and  air  pipes  into  the  well;  then  drop  a  float 
attached  to  a  string  into  the  well.  Pass  the  string 
over  a  pulley  and  attach  a  weight  to  the  free  end. 
The  weight  should  be  just  heavy  enough  to  take  up 
the  slack  in  the  string  and  at  the  same  time  allow 
the  float  to  descend  with  the  water  level  as  the  latter 
is  lowered  by  pumping.  The  distance  the  weight 
rises  will  indicate  the  depth  of  the  working  level  be- 
low the  level  first  obtained  in  the  well,  and  the  latter 
level  should  be  employed  when  making  calculations 
involving  lift  and  depth  of  submersion. 

A  simple  and  convenient  arrangement  for  measur- 
ing the  fall  of  the  water  level  in  the  well  can  be  made 
as  follows:  Take  a  pulley  whose  circumference  is 
twelve  times  the  circumference  of  the  shaft  upon 
which  the  pulley  is  mounted;  then  wind  the  float 
string  around  the  pulley  and  fasten  another  string 
to  the  shaft,  so  that  it  will  be  wound  on  the  shaft  as 
the  float  string  unwinds  from  the  pulley.  It  will  be 
seen  that  this  arrangement  reduces  the  travel  of  the 
string  on  the  shaft  to  a  convenient  distance  and  one 
that  can  easily  be  measured.  Suppose  the  water 
level  in  the  well  falls  10  feet.  The  corresponding 
additional  depth  of  submersion  will  be  10  X  1.5  =  15 
feet,  and  if  the  well  is  not  deep  enough  it  should  be 
drilled  to  a  sufficient  depth  to  permit  the  increased 
depth  of  submersion  to  be  obtained,  and  this  is  done 
in  order  to  make  the  total  depth  of  submersion  equal 
to  1}  times  the  lift,  which  proportion,  as  has  been 
pointed  out,  is  necessary  for  the  best  results.  If  it  is 
not  practicable  to  increase  the  depth  of  submersion 
after  finding  the  working  level,  the  height  of  the  lift 
may  be  decreased  a  corresponding  amount;  otherwise 
the  efficiency  of  the  lift  will  be  to  some  extent  af- 
fected. If  the  well  had  been  drilled  deeper  than 
necessary  at  the  outstart,  the  increased  depth  of 
submersion  could  readily  be  obtained  by  simply  low- 
ering the  pipes  to  the  required  depth.  It  will  be 
seen  that  the  lower  water  level  in  the  well  also  de- 
termines the  necessary  change  in  the  point  at  which 
the  air  should  enter  the  water  pipe.  With  a  fall  of 
10  feet  when  pumping,  the  air  should  enter  the 
water  pipe  at  from  38  to  40  inches  from  the  lower 
end  of  the  pipe;  with  a  fall  of  5  feet  the  air  should 
enter  at  from  24  to  26  inches  from  the  lower  end  of 

*  Condensed  from  a  paper  read  by  G.  C.  H.  Freidrich  before  the 
Ohio  Society  of  Mechanical,  Electrical  and  Steam  Engineers. 


the  water  pipe,  and  with  a  fall  of  from  1  to  3  feet  it 
should  enter  at  a  point  of  18  to  20  inches  from  the 
lower  end  of  the  pipe.  For  other  distances  the 
same  ratio  may  be  used.  A  well  put  down  to  the 
depth  previously  determined  and  fitted  with  pipes  of 
the  sizes  indicated  by  the  rule  can  be  cemented  over 
and  buildings  erected  over  it  without  fear  of  trouble, 
because  the  well  will  need  no  further  attention,  and 
all  that  is  required  is  simply  to  supply  it  with  air  as 
long  as  the  pipes  last.  A  number  of  wells  can,  of 
course,  be  operated  from  the  same  compressor.  The 
necessary  machinery  can  be  located  in  the  engine 
room  or  in  any  convenient  place,  and  the  air  pipes 
run  to  the  different  points  of  distribution. 

Coming  now  to  the  question  of  air  required  for 
raising  water,  it  is  estimated  that  1  cubic  fooi  of  air 
will  raise  one  gallon  of  water,  but  in  wells  that  are 
properly  proportioned  there  will  be  a  saving  over  the 
amount  of  from  40%  to  47%;  that  is  to  say,  the  air 
used  will  be  60%  of  the  above  estimate  as  the  maxi- 
mum and  52%  as  the  minimum.  This  serves  to  illus- 
trate the  fact  that  wells  vary,  as,  for  instance,  along 
rivers,  where  the  water  rises  and  falls,  causing  the 
water  level  in  the  well  to  fluctuate.  To  illustrate 
the  application  of  the  rule  for  volume  of  air  required, 
if  we  wish  to  raise  100  gallons  of  water  we  shMl  need 
60  cubic  feet  of  air  as  the  maximum  and  52  cubic  feet 
of  air  as  the  minimum,  the  required  volume  carrying 
from  the  maximum  to  the  minimum  according  to  the 
conditions  in  each  individual  case.  The  average  air 
pressure  is  sixty  pounds  per  square  inch.  When 
starting  to  raise  water  it  requires  a  somewhat 
higher  pressure  because  there  is  a  solid  body  of  water 
from  the  surface  in  the  well  to  the  point  at  which  the 
air  enters  the  water  pipe,  and  this  column  of  water 
has  to  be  moved  by  the  first  discharge  of  air.  When 
the  well  has  reached  its  normal  working  condition 
the  water  pipe  will  contain  a  number  of  short  col- 
umns of  air  and-short  columns  of  water.  These  short 
columns  of  air  and  water  are  discharged  alternately, 
and  in  the  pipe  they  form  a  continuous  chain,  the  in- 
termittent discharge  continuing  as  long  as  the  proper 
amount  of  air  is  supplied  and  as  long  as  there  remains 
water  to  be  pumped. 

The  principle  upon  which  the  operation  of  the  air 
lift  depends  may  be  explained  as  follows:  The  pres- 
sure of  the  atmosphere  being  14^  pounds,  in  a  per- 
fect vacuum  water  can  be  lifted  to  a  height  of  34  feet. 
We  know  that  as  the  water  piston  is  drawn  forward 
in  the  cylinder  a  partial  vacuum  is  created  behind  it 
and  the  pressure  of  the  atmosphere  on  the  outside  of 
the  suction  pipe  causes  the  water  to  rush  into  the 
latter.  The  suction  valve  then  closes  and  on  the 
return  stroke  the  discharge  valve  opens  the  piston, 
forcing  the  water  to  a  higher  level. 

In  the  air  lift  pump  the  pressure  of  the  atmosphere 
is  not  removed  from  the  surface  of  the  water  in  the 
pipe,  as  it  is  in  the  suction  pipe  of  an  ordinary  pump. 
We  have  the  atmospheric  pressure  on  the  surface  of 
the  water  outside  of  the  well  and  also  in  the  pipe. 
The  short  columns  of  air  previously  mentioned  act  as 
pistons  in  the  air  lift  pump,  the  propelling  force  being 
that  due  to  the  difference  in  specific  gravity  between 
air  and  water.  The  specific  gravity  of  a  solid  is  the 
difference  between  its  weight  and  the  weight  of  a  like 
volume  of  distilled  water  at  39.2°  F.,  the  weight  of 
the  water  generally  being  represented  by  unity,  or  1. 
Taking  the  weight  of  water  as  1,  the  specific  gravity 
of  air  is  .0012.  Air  being  elastic  and  compressed  to 
3,  4  or  5  atmospheres,  as  the  case  may  be,  when  liber- 
ated under  the  water  is  found  to  be  very  buoyant, 
and,  as  expansion  is  confined  to  the  limits  of  the  pipe, 
it  forms  a  large  bubble  and  carries  the  water  above 
it  to  the  surface,  the  air  column  becoming  longer  as 
it  ascends  on  account  of  the  removal  of  the  weight  of 
water  above  it,  thus  allowing  the  air  to  continue  to 
expand,  until  finally  it  flows  from  the  pipe  a  little 
above  atmospheric  pressure.  It  will  be  seen  that 
the  water  which  is  removed  by  the  air  lessens  the 
weight  of  water  in  the  pipe,  or,  in  other  words,  the 
weight  of  the  column  in  the  pipe  is  less  than  that  of  a 
similar  column  outside  of  it.  This  in  turn  causes  the 
water  to  rush  in  at  the  bottom,  because  of  the 
greater  weight  of  the  column  on  the  outside.  Other 
bubbles  are  formed,  thus  causing  a  continuous  chain 
of  short  columns  of  air  and  water  as  long  as  air  is 
supplied.  One  important  advantage  to  be  derived 
from  the  use  of  the  air  lift  pump  where  water  is  to 
be  used  for  condensing  purposes  or  domestic  use  is 
that  the  air  during  expansion  absorbs  heat,  and  this 
tends  to  lower  the  temperature  from  2°  to  4°  F. ; 
that  is,  water  having  a  normal  temperature  of  50°  in 
the  well  will  have  a  temperature  of  from  48°  to  46° 
when  discharged. 

There  is  no  particular  advantage  to  be  gained  by 
employing  special  arrangements  for  introducing  the 
air  into  the  water  pipe.  The  air  may  enter  from 
the  side  or  at  the  center  with  equally  good  results. 
The  economy  of  this  system  can  be  figured  out  by  any 
engineer  without  much  trouble,  because  about  all 
that  is  necessary  is  to  find  out  how  much  steam  will 
be  required  to  compress  1  cubic  foot  of  air  to  the  re- 
quired pressure,  which  may  be  taken  at  sixty  pounds 
when  making  calculations. 


The  volcanic  ash  deposits  in  Nebraska  were  par- 
tially worked  last  year  to  obtain  pumice,  the  product, 
about  100  tons,  being  used  largely  in  the  manufacture 
of  soaps  and  scouring  powders. 


Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 

NUMBER  IV. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  H.  Stoems. 

About  6000  feet  east  of  the  system  of  fissures  at 
Sutter  Creek,  which  were  described  in  the  last  paper, 
is  situated  the  Baliol  mine.  This  property  has  de- 
veloped structural  features  of  unusual  character  and 
interest.  The  rocks  occupying  the  country  inter- 
m  ediate  of  the  Baliol  and  the  Mother  Lode  consist  of 
schistose  and  massive  greenstones,  slates  and 
quartzites  and  grano-diorite.  The  metamorphic 
rocks  (slates  and  quartzites)  belong  to  the  Calaveras 
formation.  The  rocks  in  which  the  Baliol  ore  depos- 
its and  veins  occur  are  wholly  amphibolite  schist, 
which  are  the  result  of  alteration  of  an  ancient  tuff, 
as  shown  by  microscopic  slides  made  of  this  rock. 
The  schist  strikes  about  N.  20°  W.  The  ore  bodies 
occur  as  a  series  of  quartz  veins,  mostly  less  than  4 
feet  in  width — usually  less  than  1  foot — the  interven- 
ing schist  being  impregnated  with  silica  and  contain- 
ing from  i%  to  3%  iron  sulphide.  In  some  places  the 
percentage  is  much  larger,  but  it  will  average  about 
1J%.  These  sulphides  are  auriferous,  running  from 
$25  to  over  $200  per  ton,  and  averaging  in  the  pay 
zone  about  $30.  There  are,  however,  some  mineral- 
ized shoots  where  the  values  are  much  lower.  Free 
gold  accompanies  these  sulphides  in  greatly  varying 
proportion.  The  ore  bodies  occur  as  a  series  of 
rudely  lenticular  impregnations,  and  do  not  conform 
absolutely  with  the  strike  of  the  schists,  but  have  a 
more  westerly  trend  going  northward,  cutting  the 
formation  at  an  angle  of  10°  to  15°.  Generally  speak- 
ing, there  are  three  distinct  zones  of  mineralization, 
though  in  some  places  there  are  more  —  a  broad 
zone  sometimes  splitting  up  into  two  or  more  sepa- 
rate ones.  In  places  the  zone  of  mineralization  is  over 
40  feet  wide. 

In  dip  the  ore  bodies  appear  to  conform  closely 
with  that  of  the  inclosing  schists.  The  vein  quartz 
is  white,  crystallized,  with  many  vugs,  and 
often  a  comb  structure.  The  intermediate  silicified 
schist  is  grayish  and  granular,  resembling  the 
texture  and  general  appearance  of  grindstone, 
which  has  led  to  the  rock  being  called 
"grindstone"  by  the  miners.  This  is  a  condition 
common  in  the  Utica  and  other  mines  at  Angels,  in 
Calaveras  county,  Cal.  The  "  grindstone  "  forms  the 
best  ore  found  in  the  mine.  The  Baliol  has  been  de- 
veloped to  a  depth  of  700  feet  (the  lowest  level), 
though  the  shaft  is  down  800  feet.  The  condition  on 
the  several  levels  is  essentially  the  same,  though  no 
large  bodies  have  yet  been  found  below  the  500-foot 
level.  However,  the  highest  grade  rock  has  been 
discovered  in  the  lowest  level,  though  work  was  dis- 
continued before  a  large  ore  body,  which  probably 
does  exist,  was  found.  There  are  numerous  later 
fissures  (crossheads)  cutting  the  formation  and  the 
ore  deposits  and  displacing  them.  The  most  peculiar 
and  interesting  geological  feature,  however,  is  the 
sudden  disappearance  of  mineralization  in  certain 
portions  of  the  mine,  upon  the  floors  forming  the 
jointing  planes  of  the  rock.  These  floors  lie  nearly 
horizontal,  and  a  large  ore  body — 20  to  over  40  feet 
in  width — will  be  found  "  cut  off,"  as  if  by  a  fault, 
though  no  displacement  has  occurred.  At  a  higher 
or  a  lower  level,  in  the  same  zone,  the  mineralization 
reappears,  similar  in  character  and  value  to  that 
above  or  below.  This  is  known  to  be  the  case  in  at 
least  four  separate  instances.  An  occurrence  of  this 
kind  is  somewhat  discouraging  to  the  owners  of  a 
mine,  but  it  cannot  be  said  that  such  geological  phe- 
nomena render  a  mine  more  difficult  to  develop  or  to 
operate  than  those  ore  bodies  of  erratic  distribution 
in  limestone.  Indeed,  it  is  actually  less  so,  as  the 
ore  bodies  occur  with  more  or  less  regularity,  and 
within  the  same  zones,  repeatedly. 

There  are  no  gouges  connected  with  the  ore  bodies 
excepting  those  resulting  from  movement  subsequent 
to  the  mineralization  of  the  several  zones,  and  these, 
in  some  places,  occurring  on  the  walls,  may  suddenly 
swerve  from  their  course  and  cut  across  an  ore  body 
or  leave  it  entirely.  The  mine  makes  comparatively 
little  water  considering  the  development,  though 
varying  considerably  with  the  seasons,  being  most 
abundant  in  the  winter  and  spring  months. 

The  minerals  occurring  in  the  Baliol  mine  are 
quartz,  calcite  and  pyrite,  with  small  amounts  of 
chalcopyrite,  galena  and  gold.  In  one  vein  a  quan- 
tity of  molybdenite  occurs  with  coarsely  crystallized 
pyrite,  but  the  ore  body  contained  very  little  gold. 
Silver  also  is  present  with  the  gold,  the  bullion  being 
worth  from  $17  to  $18  per  ounce.  The  gold  is  gener- 
ally very  finely  distributed,  but  bright  and  easy  to 
amalgamate  on  good  plates.  About  160  tons  can  be 
crushed  daily  in  a  40-stamp  mill.  Large  amounts  of 
ore  were  cheaply  mined  by  open  cut  system  in  the 
early  history  of  the  mine,  but  the  expense  is  consid- 
erably increased  in  the  deeper  levels  which  require 
I  in  most  stopes  heavy  timbering,  though  swelling 
I  ground,  such  as  is  found  in  the  Mother  Lode  slates, 
I  is  unknown. 

(to  be  continued.) 


September  12,  lioa. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


166 


An  Arizona  Gold  Mill  and  Cyanide 
Plant.* 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scisntinc  Press  by 

ARTHUR  H.  HALI.OHAN. 

The  recognition  of  Arizona's  importance  as  a  gold 
producer  is  evidenced  by  the  constant  building  of  so 
many  plants  for  the  treatment  of  gold  ore  through- 
out the  Territory.  A  noticeable  recent  installation 
is  that  of  the  Golden  Link  M.  Co.  at  the  Sultan  mine, 
18  miles  west  of  Hillside,  Yavapai  county,  Arizona. 

This  mine  is  about  a  mile  from  the  Santa  Maria 
river,  and  all  water  for  the  recently  completed  20- 
stamp  mill  and  cyanide  plant  is  pumped  from  a  tun- 
nel run  under  the  river  bed  to  tanks  500  feet  above- 

The  question  as  to  the  site  of  the  mill  was  an  inter- 
esting one.  The  tunnel  levels  of  the  mine  are  on  the 
canyon  side,  600  feet  above  the  river.  The  mill  could 
be  located  either  at  the  river,  involving  the  construc- 
tion of  5000  feet  of  aerial  tramway,  or  it  could  be 
located  at  the  mine,  involving  a  pumping  plant  and 
pipe  line  from  river  to  mine.  After  some  figuring, 
including  cost  of  construction  of  road  and  hauling  of 
all  materials  of  construction,  the  latter  plan  was 
adopted,  and  the  ore  is  now  trammed  either  first 
into  a  200-ton  ore  bin  or  directly  to  the  grizzlies  and 
rock  crusher. 

The  mill  was  constructed  under  the  supervision  of  C. 
E.  Bunker  and  is  designed  to  represent  an  advanced 
type  of  mill  construction  based  upon  California  ex- 
perience. The  main  driving  shaft  is  located  behind 
and  below  the  mortars  and  is  belted  to  the  two  driv- 
ing wheels  of  the  cam  shaft,  each  capable  of  running 
independently  of  the  other.  Noticeable  features  due 
to  construction  are  economy  of  ore  handling  by 
gravity,  ample  light  and  particularly  the  massive 
concrete  retaining  walls  and  concrete  floors. 

The  engine  room,  boiler  room  and  a  machine  shop 
are  placed  to  the  side  and  about  3  feet  lower  than 
the  table  floor.  Oil  for  fuel  is  hauled  18  miles  from 
the  S.  F.  P.  &  P.  R.  R.  and  stored  in  iron  tanks 
above  the  mill  whence  it  is  piped  by  a  fuel  oil  circu- 
lating system  to  the  boilers.  A  tandem  Corliss  en- 
gine is  direct  connected  by  gearing  to  a  three-phase 
alternating  current  generator  of  2300  volts  full  load 
with  12  5  amperes.  This  supplies  current  for  incan- 
descent lighting  and  for  running  a  20  H.  P.  induction 
motor,  220  volts,  50  amperes,  direct  connected  to  a 
6x10  pump,  the  latter  pumping  200  gallons  per  min- 
ute from  the  60-foot  shaft  and  300-foot  tunnel  run  out 
under  the  Santa  Maria  river  to  the  plant. 

As  originally  planned  the  cyanide  plant  was  to  be 
placed  immediately  below  and  parallel  to  the  mill. 
But  owing  to  the  nature  of  the  ground  it  was  placed 
about  200  feet  lower  down  the  hill,  and  the  pulp  from 
the  tables  is  run  through  pipes  to  the  leaching  tanks. 

The  equipment  of  the  cyanide  plant  consists  of  two 
14  feet  diameter  by  10  feet  deep  solution  tanks 
shown  in  the  general  view,  five  24  feet  diameter  by  5 
feet  deep  leaching  tanks,  two  10  feet  diameter  by  6 
feet  deep  gold  tanks,  two  10  feet  diameter  by  4  feet 
sump  tanks,  two  double  zinc  boxes,  cleanup  tanks, 
air  compressor  and  filter  presses.  An  assay  office  and 
retort  room  are  under  same  roof  as  the  cyanide  plant. 

In  constructing  this  plant,  excavations  being  made 
and  concrete  retaining  walls  and  bases  being  in  place, 
the  battery  frames  and  mortar  blocks  were  first 
placed,  then  the  mill  and  cyanide  plant  buildings 
were  framed,  after  which  all  equipment  was  placed 
as  it  was  received  from  the  railroad.  The  plates  of 
the  leaching  tanks  were  put  in  place  and  riveted  on 
the  spot.  The  smaller  tanks  were  made  up  where 
convenient  and  afterwards  moved  into  place.  Much 
inconvenience  and  loss  of  time  resulted  from  lack  of 
room  for  storing  materials  as  they  arrived  and  the 
subsequent  handling  of  some  material  in  moving  to 
make  room  for  other,  and  the  fact  that  it  could  not 
be  stored,  where  needed,  pointed  out  the  necessity 
for  adequate  ground  for  handling  supplies. 

Following  are  some  details  of  the  construction 
of  the  ore  bin  illustrated  in  the  accompanying 
photograph.  In  its  construction  three  beams  12 
inches  by  14  inches  by  30  feet  were  placed  paral- 
lel to  each  other  about  7  feet  apart,  the  rear- 
most one  resting  on  short  12x14  inch  blocks,  the 
middle  one  on  short  12xl4-inch  uprights  and  the  one 
in  the  foreground  on  uprights  tall  enough  to  place  it 
on  the  same  level  with  the  other  two,  the  uprights 
being  supported  by  12xl4-inch  timbers  imbedded  in 
the  ground.  A  temporary  support  was  then  made 
to  the  right  and  the  posts  of  the  first  of  the  six  up- 
right members  were  laid  so  that  their  lower  ends 
rested  on  the  bin  foundations  and  their  upper  ends 
on  the  supports.  The  cap  and  cross  piece  were  then 
laid  in  place.  In  the  same  manner  each  of  the  re- 
maining members  were  laid  on  the  one  to  its  right. 
As  all  are  framed  from  10x12  inch  timbers  with  tem- 
plet, before  being  moved  each  drops  into  its  place. 

A  gin  pole  and  windlass  were  then  put  up  and  each 
member,  after  its  parts  had  been  bolted  together, 
was  raised  to  a  vertical  position  and  tied  to  the  next, 
as  is  shown  in  the  picture.  The  whole  is  then 
boarded  up  with  2x6-inch  plank. 
In  constructing  such  plants  the  chief  difficulties  to 

*See  illustrations  front  page. 


be  overcome  are  those  of  transportation,  water  sup- 
ply and  labor.  The  climate  is  rather  hard  on  the 
men  and  care  as  to  water  and  food  has  to  be  con- 
stantly exercised  in  order  to  keep  efficient  labor. 


Engineering  as  a  Profession. 

Engineering  is  a  profession,  not  an  art,  or  a  trade. 
It  is  a  profession  to  exactly  the  same  extent  as  medi- 
cine, or  the  sciences,  or  law,  based  upon  principles 
universally  true.  The  knowledge  of  these  principles 
cannot  be  acquired  by  individual  experience,  or  by 
lucky  discoveries.  The  experience  of  thousands  of 
generations,  the  discoveries  of  ages  and  ages,  logi- 
cally arranged  by  the  master  minds  of  the  past,  con- 
stitute to-day  these  very  principles.  In  order  to  be- 
come proficient  these  principles  must  be  studied, 
their  knowledge  theoretically  acquired.  A  trade 
can  only  be  learned  by  actual  practice.  Skill  in 
blacksmithing,  or  molding  can  only  be  acquired  by 
repeatedly  performing  the  various  operations  of 
these  trades.  Add  to  this  skill  the  individual  con- 
ception of  the  work,  the  imprint  of  the  worker's  per- 
sonality, and  the  trade  becomes  an  art.  In  each  case 
the  experience  of  the  individual  is  essential  for  the 
success  of  the  work. 

But  engineering  principles  are  universally  true; 
you  must  be  conversant  with  the  laws  of  statics  be- 
fore you  can  build  a  bridge  or  a  smokestack;  the 
rules  on  heat  must  be  studied  before  you  do  blast 
furnace  or  steam  engine  work.  The  most  skillful 
application  of  these  principles  is  a  question  of  expe- 
rience and  talent,  as  it  is  also  in  other  professions. 
An  eye  specialist  will  meet  with  but  little  success  in 
treating  general  diseases,  a  criminal  lawyer  cannot 
draw  a  modern  charter,  and  an  electrical  engineer 
will  build  a  poor  rolling  mill.  A  further  requirement 
is  a  mind  trained  in  logic,  a  mind  which  is  taught  to 
think,  to  grasp  and  weigh  stipulations,  build  up  men- 
tally "  a  problem  in  its  entirety,  all  its  details,  and 
conceive  all  conditions  governing  it  and  all  which  are 
governed  by  it.  We  have  a  number  of  men,  pro- 
ficient in  their  respective  fields,  who  have  never 
visited  an  engineering  school,  who  substitute,  as  they 
proudly  claim,  practice  for  theory,  who  have  gradu- 
ated from  the  shop.  These  men  ought  to  be  proud 
for  having  mastered  by  individual  study,  perhaps 
unconsciously,  these  very  principles  which  are 
taught  in  concise  and  lucid  form  in  our  neighboring 
schools.  Such  men  are  the  exception — they  rank  far 
above  the  average,  both  in  energy  and  in  mental 
outfit.  And'  for  this  same  reason  I  do  not  like  these 
schools,  where  they  make  you  an  engineer  while  you 
wait.  We  are  overrun  to-day  by  such  men.  We 
want  honest  schools,  where  the  average  scholar,  not 
the  genius,  and  not  the  chump,  may  acquire  honest 
knowledge  by  honest  work,  and  I,  for  my  part,  will 
have  none  of  these  institutions  where  they  spoil  good 
mechanics  to  make  poor  draughtsmen,  whether  they 
be  called  evening  schools  or  correspondence  schools, 
or  founded  for  the  purpose  of  advertising  so-called 
philanthropy. 

Anybody  who  does  not  master  these  broad  theo- 
retical principles  is  not  an  engineer.  Such  a  man 
might  be  able  to  copy,  to  reproduce  what  he  has 
done  before,  but  he  cannot  accomplish  anything 
h  gher.  Engineering  teaches  us  as  the  highest  goal 
to  apply  known  principles  to  new  problems,  to  do 
creative  work.  This  ability  to  do  creative  work  we 
offer  to  the  world  as  the  reason  for  our  existence. 
As  you  see  this  world  to-day,  it  is  the  work  of  the 
engineer.  Where  is  the  progress  in  the  trades, 
where  in  art  ?  Greek  statues  are  still  the  choicest 
gems  of  art.  Stone  masonry  and  wood  carving  date 
back  4000  years.  The  early  middle  ages  produced 
masterpieces  in  wrought  iron  and  bronze,  which  are 
far  beyond  the  limit  of  our  modern  metal  butchers. 
Slow  and  conservative  has  been  the  progress  of  medi- 
cine, law,  and  even  the  sciences  have  made  their 
progress  felt  more  in  a  physical  than  a  material  way. 
But  humanity  was  awakened,  this  old  earth  all  at 
once  swung  into  a  new  orbit,  when  some  fifty  years 
ago  engineering  was  recognized  as  a  profession  and 
studied  as  such.  And  it  is  not  the  man  who  invents 
photographs,  or  talks  to  the  inhabitants  of  Mars,  but 
the  solid  rank  and  file  of  well- trained,  well-balanced 
engineers,  who  have  wrought  in  the  last  hundred 
years  such  miraculous,  dumbfounding  changes,  that 
the  whole  development  of  mankind  up  to  that  time 
seems  incomparably  slow. 

The  evolutionist  has  taught  us  that  the  rapid  ad- 
vancement of  man  began  with  the  substitution  of 
artificial  tools  for  the  natural  implements.  If  this  is 
true  we  stand  on  the  threshold  of  an  equally  mo- 
mentous step  in  the  development  of  the  world,  dating 
from  the  day  when  the  engineer  taught  man  to  sub- 
stitute the  vast  powers  of  nature  for  his  own  limited 
little  strength.  ' 

Engineering  is  a  profession,  the  youngest  one,  and 
in  one  respect  has  to  learn  much  from  her  older  sis- 
ters. Both  the  law  and  medical  fraternities  watch 
with  jealous  eyes  over  the  professional  conduct  of 
their  members,  and  while  they  cannot  prevent  the 
existence  of  shysters  or  quacks,  they  take  prompt 
and  proper  measures  to  demonstrate  the  characters 


of  such  men  to  the  public.  This  ethical  aspect  of 
his  station  in  the  world  the  engineer  seems  to  have 
overlooked  in  his  mile  a  minute  development.  His 
work,  whether  as  an  employe  or  as  counselor  of  his 
clients,  is  a  confidential  one,  requiring  not  only  a 
mastering  of  his  profession,  not  only  skill  in  the  hand- 
ling of  difficult  problems,  but  a  high  degree  of  integ- 
rity, which  alone  can  inspire  confidence  and  will  lend 
him  that  dignity  which  his  profession  deserves.  The 
public  might  be  dumfounded  by  the  gigantic,  or  the 
daring  of  your  work,  but  hearing  that  you  are  an 
engineer  they  will  look  for  the  overalls  and  the  oil 
can.  Let  us  pledge  ourselves  to  guard  our  standing, 
to  guard  our  dignity. — W.  Riddle. 


The  American  Alining  Congress. 

On  Monday,  Sept.  5th,  the  American  Mining  Con- 
gress held  its  sixth  annual  session  at  Deadwood  and 
Lead,  South  Dakota,  the  congress  continuing  through- 
out the  week.  The  aims  of  the  congress  are  to 
advance  the  mining  and  metallurgical  industries  in  al 
their  various  branches  within  the  United  States;  to 
assist  in  bringing  about  a  more  perfect  co-operation 
between  the  Government  of  the  United  States  and 
the  development  of  mining  and  metallurgy;  to  en- 
courage education  in  practical  and  scientific  mining 
and  metallurgy  and  the  dissemination  of  scientific 
information  in  relation  to  mining  and  met- 
allurgy and  their  allied  industries;  to  acquire 
and  disseminate  trustworthy  information  bearing 
upon  the  development  of  the  metallic  and  non-metallic 
mining  resources  of  the  United  States;  to  promote 
a  more  co-operative  tendency  in  the  evolution  of 
agriculture,  mining,  manufacturing,  transportation 
and  commerce;  and  for  the  particular  purpose  of 
bringing  the  mining  men  of  the  United  States  into 
closer  relation  with  one  another  and  of  promoting  a 
friendly  feeling  for  one  another  through  social  inter- 
course and  the  discussion  of  mutual  interests. 

The  annual  address  was  delivered  by  the  president 
of  the  congress,  J.  H.  Richards,  and  the  usual 
speeches  were  made  by  others,  followed  by  the 
reading  of  technical  papers  by  their  authors,  sev- 
eral of  which   are   reproduced  herein. 

Ore   Deposits   of  the   Northern 
Black   Hills.* 

Written  by  J.  D.  Irving. 

The  Back  Hills  have  been  from  the  earliest  time  a 
region  of  singular  economic  interest.  From  the  dates 
when  Indian  hunting  parties  visited  them  to  obtain 
provisions  for  future  use  they  have  gradually  in- 
creased in  importance  as  a  source  of  wealth,  until 
their  production  has  seen  its  culmination  in  the  thriv- 
ing mining  industries  of  to  day. 

The  gradual  inroads  of  the  hardy  prospector  to 
this  Indian  hunting  ground  first  attracted  attention 
to  the  region  as  a  source  of  a  different  type  of 
wealth. 

In  the  several  steps  of  its  growth,  mining  in  the 
Black  Hills  has  followed  quite  closely  the  lines  of  its 
development  in  other  regions.  First,  the  attention 
of  the  early  prospectors  and  those  who  followed  them 
there  was  given  to  the  more  easily  accessible  depos- 
its— the  placers.  As  the  value  of  these  became  evi- 
dent, search  was  made  for  the  source  from  which  the 
gold  in  the  placers  was  derived.  The  old  gravel 
deposits  which  lie  at  the  base  of  the  Cambrian  forma- 
tion were  then  found,  and  for  a  number  of  years 
yielded  almost  fabulous  sums  to  those  who  had  located 
upon  them.  The  impregnated  lodes  in  the  schistose 
rocks  were  discovered,  and  the  mines  which  have  now 
become  the  famous  Homestake  belt  were  gradually 
opened  up.  The  lead-silver  ores  of  Carbonate  then 
became  productive,  and  still  further  search  revealed 
the  beds  of  refractory  siliceous  ore,  which  have  of 
late  years  become  of  such  very  great  importance  ; 
then  the  Ragged  Top  ores  were  found,  and  finally  a 
variety  of  smaller  deposits  was  discovered.  Regions 
where  ore  bodies  were  easily  accessible  at  the  sur- 
face were  those  first  prospected ;  then  those  more 
remote  and  more  deeply  buried  beneath  the  covering 
of  barren  rocks  in  turn  yielded  their  contents  to  the 
efforts  of  the  miners. 

Geology. — As  a  problem  in  geology  the  Black 
Hills  differ  in  some  respects  from  almost  any  other 
to  be  found  in  this  country.  Surrounded  on  all  sides 
by  a  flat  and  rather  barren  country  whose  general 
character  is  monotonous  and  without  special  inter- 
est, the  Black  Hills  rise  as  an  island,  presenting 
within  their  borders  geologic  problems  of  great  va- 
riety and  interest,  diverse  types  of  ore  deposits,  and 
studies  in  land  drainage,  which,  from  their  very  iso- 
lation and  circumscribed  character,  are  easily 
grasped  and  understood,  and  are  without  the  usual 
complicated  connections  with  the  surrounding  country 
that  make  most  geological  questions  so  difficult  to 
comprehend. 

In  his  classic  work   upon  this  region,  Henry  New- 

*  Trans.  Amer.  Mln.  Congress,  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  Sept.  7,  1903; 
(condensed). 


167 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


ton  has  described  the  general  geological  character 
of  the  Black  Hills  as  an  elevated  area,  roughly  ellip- 
tical in  outline,  comprising  a  central  core  of  meta- 
morphic  crystalline  rocks,  which  are  grouped  in 
rudely  concentric  belts,  strata  of  later  geologic  age, 
dipping  away  in  all  directions  from  what  is  termed 
by  Newton  the  elevatory  axis  or  region  of  the  Hills. 

Were  the  strata  which  originally  covered  the  core 
of  schists  which  forms  the  center  of  the  hills  still 
present,  we  would  have  an  elevated  dome  of  very 
great  height,  rising  far  above  the  level  of  the  sur- 
rounding country.  The  gradual  erosion  or  wearing 
away,  however,  of  these  uplifted  rocks  has  gone 
on  together  with  their  upheaval,  so  that  we 
have  now  remaining  a  country  only  slightly  higher 
than  the  surrounding  plains.  In  the  center  is  the 
uncovered  area  of  the  schists,  and  at  the  sides  the 
stratified  rocks  dipping  outward  beneath  the  flat 
prairie  land  beyond.  The  general  trend  of  this  cen- 
tral core  of  old  crystalline  rocks  is  in  a  due  north 
and  south  direction,  but  at  its  northern  extremity  it 
turns  abruptly  towards  the  northwest,  forming  a 
sort  of  geological  cul-de-sac  shut  in  on  three  sides  by 
upturned  strata,  but  separated  from  the  main  por- 
tion of  the  core  to  the  south  by  a  narrow  belt  of 
Cambrian  rocks  and  their  included  masses  of  por- 
phyry. 

Throughout  this  northern  area  erosion  has  not  cut 
so  deeply  into  the  crystalline  schists  as  farther  south, 
so  that,  besides  the  belt  of  enclosing  strata,  isolated 
patches  of  the  old  covering  lie  upon  the  higher  hiils 
wi'hin  the  area  of  schists. 

If  we  examine  the  rocks  which  compose  the  differ- 
ent geological  formations  which  are  found  in  the 
northern  hills,  we  find  there  are  four  groups  of  im- 
portance which  can  be  readily  distinguished  from  one 
another.  The  first  is  the  lowest,  or  series  of  meta- 
morphic  schists.  It  consists  of  a  series  of  crystalline 
mica  schists,  mica  slates,  or  phyllites,  and  laminated 
quartzites.  Together  with  these  are  found,  in  the 
southern  portion  of  the  Black  Hills,  and  in  the  region 
known  as  Nigger  Hill,  large  intruded  masses  of  gran- 
ite, very  coarse  in  its  texture,  and  sometimes  con- 
taining deposits  of  tin.  In  the  northern  portion  of 
the  hills  there  is  no  granite  present  in  the  series,  but 
its  place  is  taken  by  numerous  dikes  and  great  ir- 
regular patches  of  a  dark,  greenish  hornblende  rock, 
termed  amphibolite.  Bodies  of  this  rock  are  particu- 
larly noticeable  in  the  vicinity  of  Lead  City,  and  ex- 
tend as  far  south  as  Custer  Peak.  It  is  possible  that 
they  may  have  had  some  connection  with  the  occur- 
rence of  gold  in  the  Homestake  mines,  but  there  is  no 
definite  evidence  in  favor  of  this  theory.  The  rocks 
of  this  series  are  strongly  laminated  and  everywhere 
tilted  at  a  high  angle.  The  lamination  crosses  the 
planes  of  original  sedimentary  bedding,  as  can  be 
still  seen  in  many  places.  Numerous  closely  spaced 
folds  are  also  seen  to  exist  in  the  series;  but  the  high 
degree  of  alteration  that  the  rocks  have  undergone 
has  now  almost  completely  obliterated  their  original 
structure. 

The  next  series  of  rocks  is  that  belonging  to  the 
Cambrian  period,  and  comprises  those  rocks  which 
lie  upon  the  eroded  surface  of  the  underlying  schists. 
These  rocks  are  a  heavy  basal  conglomerate,  or 
coarse  bed  of  hardened  gravel,  a  thick  layer  of 
quartzite,  and  a  series  of  alternating  limestones  and 
shales,  with  some  quartzite — in  all  a  thickness  of 
about  300  feet.  Above  these,  and  still  farther  out 
from  the  center  of  the  hills,  there  is  a  yellowish  lime- 
stone showing  purple  spots,  and  belonging  to  the 
Silurian  age.  This  is  about  80  feet  thick.  Above  it 
comes  a  series  of  heavily  bedded  gray  limestones, 
pinkish  at  the  base  and  averaging  about  600  feet  in 
thickness.  It  covers  the  other  rocks  throughout  the 
entire  western  portion  of  the  uplift. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Pyritic  Smelting.* 

Written  by  Franklin  R.  Carpenter,  Ph.D. 

This  is  a  process  of  smelting  applicable  to  any  raw 
ores  not  carrying  lead,  but  more  especially  to  sul- 
phide ores  carrying  copper. 

From  time  immemorial  man  has  roasted  off  the  sul- 
phur in  pyrite  ores  and  burned  his  iron  to  oxide  in 
the  open  air,  thus  wasting  what  pyritic  smelters  con- 
sider good  fuel.  If  it  is  admitted  that  a  heat  unit 
derived  from  the  oxidation  of  iron  or  sulphur  will  do 
as  much  work  as  one  derived  from  the  oxidation  of 
coke,  the  folly  of  this  proceeding  becomes  apparent, 
provided  this  heat  can  be  utilized.  If  it  can,  one 
might  just  as  well  waste  his  coke  in  a  similar  manner. 

American  engineers  derived  from  Europe  two  raw 
smelting  processes,  which,  unfortunately,  are  often 
confused.  One  was  the  Kongsberg  process  of  pyritic 
smelting,  where  raw  pyrite  was  added  to  the  charge 
simply  to  produce  a  carrier,  or  matte,  for  the  pre- 
cious metals.  This  was  all  I  had  in  view  when  I 
advocated  pyritic  smelting  for  the  siliceous  ores  of 
South  Dakota.  By  its  means  the  small  amounts  of 
gold  and  silver  in  many  tons  of  rock  were  concen- 
trated into  a  few  tons  of  matte.  This  process, 
broadly,  is  very  ancient — so  ancient  that  we  know 
not  when  it  was  first  employed.  It  will  be  observed 
later  that  it  is  the  very  opposite  of  the  other  class 

•Trans.  Amer.  Min.  Congress,  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  Sept.  9, 1903. 


of  pyritic  smelting,  in  that  the  ores  treated  are  sili- 
ceous, and  pyrite  is  added  for  a  carrier  only. 

The  other  sort  of  pyritic  smelting  is  the  outgrowth 
of  principles  discovered  by  Sir  Henry  Bessemer  in 
steel  making,  who  found  that  cast  iron  might  be 
purified  by  the  oxidation,  or  burning,  of  its  own 
contained  impurities.  The  principles  of  Bessemer, 
much  modified,  are  now  everywhere  applied  to  the 
refining  of  copper  matte,  where  again  the  oxidation 
of  the  iron  and  sulphur  furnish  the  heat  to  burn  and 
slag  off  impurities,  giving  U3  a  very  pure  blister 
copper  at  one  direct  cheap  operation,  and  without 
additional  fuel.  This  is  the  beautiful  operation  of 
Mahnes,  first  employed  in  America  by  our  Butte 
friends. 

After  the  establishment  of  Bessemer's  process  in 
England,  Hollway  sought  to  smelt  the  Bio  Tin  to  cop- 
per sulphide  ores  by  means  of  heat  generated  in  the 
oxidation  of  their  sulphur  and  iron.  A  short  calcula- 
tion will  show  that  his  conclusions  were  well  founded. 
Without  going  into  the  investigation  very  fully,  we 
may  admit  that  1  pound  of  iron  pyrite  burned  in  the 
furnace  is  equal  to  2,026  British  thermal  units,  and 
that  this,  roughly,  is  equal  to  40%  of  the  value  of  a 
pound  of  carbon  burned  to  CO;  but  as  our  furnaces 
probably  burn  perhaps  a  third  of  the  carbon  to  COa, 
we  may  conclude  that  this  value  is  too  high,  hence 
figure  it  as  equal  to  only  26%,  or  one-fourth  the  value 
of  1  pound  of  coke,  which  is  certainly  a  safe  deduc- 
tion. 

Those  who  are  interested  in  the  subject  are  re- 
ferred to  the  forthcoming  volume  of  the  Mineral 
Industry,  where  E.  C.  Beybold,  Jr.,  a  young  man 
employed  at  our  Golden,  Colo.,  works  and  formerly 
with  me  at  Deadwood,  has  fully  investigated  the 
subject. 

For  every  4  pounds  of  pyrite,  therefore,  burned  in 
the  open  air,  we  have  lost  the  equivalent  of  1  pound 
of  good  coke.  Stated  in  another  way,  4  pounds  of 
pyrite  will  do  as  much  smelting  as  1  pound  of  coke, 
and,  in  so  doing,  it  is  smelted  and  has  fluxed  itself. 

Our  blast  furnaces,  in  ordinary  matte  smelting,  are 
running  with  16%  coke,  but  a  charge  containing  64% 
of  raw  pyrite  should  smelt  itself;  and  if  this  is 
assisted  with  a  hot  air  stove,  which  can  be  fired  with 
a  cheap  low-grade  fuel,  even  this  percentage  of 
pyrite  may  be  much  reduced.  The  fullest  applica- 
tion of  these  principles  has  been  made  by  Robert 
Steicht  at  Mount  Lyell,  in  Tasmania,  where  the  first 
smelling  is  done  absolutely  without  carbonaceous  fuel 
of  any  sort.  Let  us  now  consider  for  a  moment  what 
they  do.  Their  ores  are  pyritic,  and  of  two  classes. 
The  Mount  Lyell  pyrite  is  so  mined  as  to  maintain  a 
general  average  as  follows: 

Fe 40.30% 

SI02 4.42% 

BaS04 1.48% 

Cu 2.36% 

A1203 2.04% 

S 46.01% 

Ag 2  oz.  per  ton. 

Au 0.0725  oz.  per  ton. 

The  second  class  is  a  siliceous  bornite  ore  pur- 
chased from  other  mines,  and  quartz  is  employed  as 
a  flux.  This  is  the  direct  opposite  of  the  case  first 
considered,  calling  for  additions  of  silica  in  the  place 
of  additions  of  pyrite. 

The  Mount  Lyell  Co.  operates  eleven  blast  fur- 
naces, which  are  arranged  in  two  smelting  plants. 
Those  employed  in  the  first  smelter  are  five  in  num- 
ber and  are  42x210  inches  at  the  tuyeres.  The  height 
of  the  ore  column  above  the  tuyeres  is  maintained  at 
9  feet  and  6  inches.  The  other  plant  consists  of  six 
furnaces,  five  of  which  are  40x168  inches  at  the  tuy- 
eres. The  tuyeres  are  all  3  inches  in  diameter,  and 
the  larger  furnaces  have  thirty-two  each,  the  smaller 
ones  twenty-four  each.  In  the  first  set  of  fur- 
naces all  the  ore  delivered  at  the  plant  is  smelted, 
without  roasting  and  without  fuel,  to  a  first  matte 
carrying  15%  copper.  Formerly  a  hot  blast  (528°)  and 
3%  coke  were  used.  But  for  a  year  past  the  coke 
has  been  abandoned  and  the  blast  only  warmed.  No 
difference  was  noticed  in  this  change  save  a  greatly 
increased  capacity;  three  furnaces  now  doing  the 
work  of  four  under  the  old  method. 

The  matte  from  this  first  smelting  is  resmelted  in 
the  second  set  of  furnaces  to  a  45%  to  50%  copper 
matte,  which  goes  directly  to  the  converters. 

The  process  is,  therefore,  divided  into  three  stages, 
all  of  which  are  oxidizing,  and  which  may  be  said  to 
be  almost  continuous  Bessemerizing  from  beginning 
to  end.  Disregarding  the  time  for  cooling  and  trans- 
portation from  one  department  to  another,  the  time 
consumed  from  ore  to  copper  is  only  six  hours,  and 
this  is  accomplished  almost  without  extraneous  fuel. 

In  the  first  smelting  no  limestone  or  coke  is  used, 
and  but  a  slightly  warmed  blast.  In  the  second 
smelting  a  small  percentage  of  coke  and  limestone  is 
used  and  a  cold  blast.  The  third  stage  is  simple 
Bessemerizing  or  converter  work. 

These  results  having  been  attained  at  Mount  Lyell 
by  the  application  of  principles  long  advocated  by 
pyrite  smelters,  there  is  no  longer  any  reason,  in  my 
opinion,  why  the  same  or  similar  results  cannot  be 
had  at  Sudbury,  Ontario;  Ducktown,  Tenn.;  Kes- 
wick, California;  and  in  Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  in 
fact,  at  any  place  where  the  ores  carry  sufficient  py- 
rite, or  pyrite  can  be  had  from  outside  sources. 

(TO   BE  CONTINUED.) 


The  Potsdam  Formation  of  Bald 
Mountain  District.* 

Written  by  John  Blatchford. 

In  describing  a  portion  of  this  formation  I  shall 
only  touch  on  the  geological  part  of  it,  describing  the 
occurrences  of  the  ore  bodies  in  this  formation. 
These  ores  were  first  discovered  in  1877,  but  .'there 
was  very  little  done  on  them  until  1890  and  189f,  be- 
cause up  to  that  time  all  of  the  ore  had  to  be  hauled 
by  teams  and  shipped  out  of  the  country*  to  be 
treated.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  summer  of  1891 
the  Burlington  and  the  Elkhorn  Railroad  Companies 
placed  a  number  of  spurs  into  different  mines,  after 
which  the  work  began  in  earnest.  At  that  time  it 
was  not  known  how  extensive  those  ore  bodies  would 
prove  to  be,  but,  after  continuous  work  for  twelve 
years,  we  find  that  they  are  almost  unlimited.  Ores 
that  we. could  not  look  at  years  ago,  on  account  of 
their  low  grade,  can  be  handled  to-day,  with  our  new 
reducing  or  cyanide  processes,  at  a  profit. 

In  some  places  in  our  mines  the  flat  ore  body  is 
known  to  lie  and  to  be  intermixed  with  a  vertical  -ore 
body,  not  showing  any  division  by  quartzites.  It  is 
one  of  the  occurrences  which  causes  me  to  believe 
that  there  are  a  number  of  these  vertical  ore  bodies, 
or  quartz  ledges,  that  are  covered  up  by  this  sedi- 
mentary formation.  For  instance,  quite  a  portion  of 
the  Homestake  ore  bodies  have  been  more  or  less  cov- 
ered by  this  fiat  formation;  but  in  other  places  the 
flat  portion,  being  more  or  less  eroded,  left  the 
vertical  portion  to  be  more  easily  prospected  than  it 
is  in  Bild  mountain  district.  The  eastern  boundary 
of  the  flat  formation  begins  at  the  original  Golden 
Reward  and  Buxton,  and  almost  at  the  base  of  Bald 
mountain  on  the  north,  and  to  the  west  of  Sugar 
Loaf  mountain  on  the  south.  It  starts  with  a  thin 
layer  of  quartzite,  lying  on  the  schist,  covered  with 
sandstone  and  shales.  It  gradually  thickens  toward 
the  west,  not  so  much  because  the  hill  rises,  but  be- 
cause the  quartzite  and  schist  drop.  It  drops 
variable  distances  at  various  places  until  it  is  several 
hundred  feet  below  the  surface,  making  a  number  of 
layers  of  different  material.  Above  it,  on  and  be- 
tween some  of  these  layers  is  where  we  find  what  is 
called  "  top  contacts." 

As  we  get  nearer  Terry's  peak,  the  flat  formation 
thickens  more  by  the  rise  of  the  surface  than  by  the 
fall  of  the  quartzite,  and,  west  of  the  peak,  it  keeps 
this  increased  thickness  for  a  number  of  miles.  To- 
wards this  rise  or  thickening  of  the  formation  is  where 
the  top  layers  of  ore  become  more  numerous.  How 
many  layers,  or  so-called  contacts,  there  are  has  not 
yet  been  determined.  There  is  continually  something 
new  cropping  out. 

In  these  upper  layers  we  usually  find  a  vertical,  or 
crack,  filled  with  ore,  extending  downwards  for  hun- 
dreds of  feet,  with  a  number  of  lense-like  bodies  of 
ore  branching  out  at  different  intervals,  in  some 
places  connecting  with  bodies  from  nearby  verticals. 
At  present  most  of  the  work  west  of  Terry's  peak  is 
on  the  upper  contacts.  In  the  Ragged  Top  district 
the  ore  bodies  are  in  the  lime,  and  are  proving  to  be 
extensive  and  profitable. 

Around  Portland  the  workings  are  all  in  the 
shales,  scarcely  any  work  in  that  neighborhood  being 
done  on  the  quartzite  as  yet.  There  is  no  doubt  in 
my  mind  that  when  they  commence  to  look  for  lower 
ore  bodies  west  of  the  peak  they  will  find  them  large 
and  valuable  on  the  quartzite. 

The  original  dikes  all  have  a  north  and  south 
course,  while  a  few  of  the  later  dikes,  near  the  base 
of  Bald  mountain,  have  an  east  and  west  course,  and 
the  ore  bodies  mostly  have  a  north  and  south  course. 

These  ore  bodies  vary  in  width  and  thickness;  we 
find  some  of  them  over  400  feet  in  width  and  of  vari- 
able thicknesses — from  6  to  20  feet — and  of  various 
values,  ranging  from  $5  to  $50  per  ton,  and  a  gen- 
eral average  for  cyanide  ores  in  the  neighborhood  of 
$8  to  $10  per  ton.  To  describe  the  condition  of  the 
quartzite  we  may  compare  them  to  the  rolling  waves 
of  the  ocean. 

We  find  these  ore  bodies  at  the  base,  on  the  steps 
and  slopes  of  the  folds,  and  most  times  on  the  top  of 
these  large  uplifts,  but  seldom  find  ore  bodies  in  the 
"channel"  proper.  The  most  of  the  level  places  in 
the  quartzite  seem  to  be  capped  with  large  sheets 
of  porphyry,  but  at  every  fault  and  in  close  proxim- 
ity with  it  the  capping  is  composed  of  shales  and 
sand  rocks.  No  doubt  this  has  much  to  do  with  the 
occurrence  of  the  ore  along  the  breaks;  those  being 
in  themselves  an  altered  condition  of  these  shales 
and  sand  rocks. 

The  Galena  district  has  an  extensive  area  of  this 
formation. 

The  present  developments  there  are  very  encour- 
aging, although  there  has  not  been  enough  done  to 
determine  how  large  the  ore  bodies  are,  but  they  are 
numerous  and  the  prospects  obtained  from  them  are 
good.     There  is  still  a  very  large  area  undeveloped. 

There  is  room  for  a  good  many  mines  such  as  the 
Golden  Reward  Co.'s  property,  consisting  of  over,  50 
miles  of  underground  workings,  about  two-thirds  of 
this  being  on  ore,  while  the  other  third  is  crosscut- 
ting.  After  following  some  of  these  ore  bodies  close 
onto  3  miles  we  find  them  still  continuing. 

•Trans.  Amer.  Min.   Congress,   Deadwood,  S.   D.,   Sept.  9,   1903 
(condensed). 


September  12,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


168 


Notes  on  the  Hetallurgy  of  Copper 
of  flontana.* 


N0MBER  VII. 


Written  by  B.  O.  HoruAH. 


Details  of  Practice. — The  coal  is  crushed  through 
a  i-inch  ring  and  passed  through  a  5-mm.  screen;  the 
oversize  goes  to  the  producers,  the  fines,  forming 
about  30%,  are  burnt  under  the  boilers.  Owing  to 
the  high  percentage  of  ash  in  the  coal,  the  amount  of 
fixed  carbon  retained  by  it  is  exceedingly  high.  The 
flue  from  the  six  producers  serving  one  matting  fur- 
nace has  to  be  fired  once  in  eight  days  to  remove 
soot,  tar,  etc.,  and  washed  out  once  in  six  weeks  to 
free  it  from  ashes.  An  average  analysis  of  producer 
gas  taken  from  a  large  number  of  determinations, 
gave  CO.,  9.4;  CO,  16  8;  CH(,  2.9;  H,  13  3;  N,  57.6. 
The  high  percentage  of  carbon-dioxide  is  probably 
due  to  the  excessive  use  of  steam.  Bunte  has  shown 
that  the  larger  amount  of  steam  that  is  admitted  to 
a  producer  the  larger  is  the  volume  of  carbon-dioxide 
formed.  The  gases,  however,  pass  off  from  the  pro- 
ducers with  a  temperature  of  700°  C,  which  would 
seem  to  counteract  the  cooling  effect  of  the  steam 
and  cause  the  carbon  to  burn  rather  to  carbon-mon- 
oxide than  to  dioxide. 

The  hearth  of  the  regenerative  matting  furnace, 
42  feet  6  inches  by  15  feet  9  inches,  has  the  same 
width  at  the  ends  as  at  the  middle.  While  this 
arrangement  gives  a  larger  hearth  area  than  in  the 
furnace  tapering  at  the  ends,  it  has  the  disadvantage 
that  the  sides  tend  to  bulge  inwardly  instead  of  out- 
wardly as  is  ordinarily  the  case.  The  furnace  is 
built  in  five  sections  in  order  to  allow  for  expansion. 
This  amounts  to  14  inches  over  all.  The  sections  are 
separate  in  the  roof;  in  the  18-inch  side  walls  the 
necessary  spaces  are  left  between  the  bricks.  The 
upper  tie-rods  run  over  1  foot  above  the  roof  (9  to  12 
inches  thick),  as  this  may  rise  as  much  as  9  inches; 
the  lower  tie-rods,  placed  4  feet  below  the  brick 
hearth  supporting  the  quartz  bottom,  were  passed 
at  first  through  4-inch  wrought-iron  tubes;  when 
these  burnt  out,  the  new  tie-rods  were  provided 
with  a  small  central  opening  for  water  cooling. 
At  present,  the  rods  are  solid,  li  inches  in  diam- 
eter, and  pass  through  a  flue  2  feet  6  inches 
by  3  feet  8  inches,  which  is  ample  for  air 
cooling.  The  checker  work  has  a  peculiar  con- 
struction to  permit  cleaning  and  thus  reduce  the 
slagging  of  the  brick  through  dust.  The  flues  are 
horizontal,  18  inches  high  by  7  inches  wide  by  11  to  21 
feet  long,  according  to  position,  and  are  constructed 
of  firebrick.  The  9-inch  brick  forming  the  tops  and 
bottoms  are  laid  4J  inches  apart,  leaving  open  spaces 
to  allow  the  dust  to  fall  and  collect  in  a  pit  at  the 
bottom,  4  to  5  feet  deep.  The  heating  surface  is  not 
very  much  diminished  by  this  arrangement,  as  the 
sides  of  the  horizontal  bricks  are  exposed  to  the  hot 
gases;  this  would  not  be  the  case  it  the  bottoms  and 
tops  did  not  have  the  open  spaces.  The  dimensions 
of  the  air  chambers  are:  Width  8  feet  6  inihes,  by 
length  14  feet  7\  inches,  bv  height  13  feet  9  inches;  of 
the  gas  chambers,  width  7  feet,  by  length  14  feet  7$ 
inches,  by  height  13  feet  9  inches.  The  heat- 
ing surfaces,  including  exposed  walls,  are  4900 
and  4200  square  feet,  respectively.  While  long- 
checkers  save  fuel,  they  tend  to  shorten  campaigns; 
the  reverse  is  the  case  with  the  short-checkers.  Air 
enters  the  hearth  through  a  single  port.  15  feet  9 
inches  by  2  feet,  the  gas  through  four  ports,  201x30 
inches.  The  products  of  combustion  from  the  furnace 
descend  in  a  chamber  at  one  end  of  the  checkers, 
and,  after  passing  through  these,  ascend  in  the  other 
at  the  opposite  end.  The  life  of  the  checkers  is  about 
three  months.  In  order  to  lengthen  it,  experiments 
are  under  way  to  have  the  gases  go  during  the 
charging  period  through  a  by-pass  direct  into  the 
main  flue,  and  thus  prevent  the  inevitable  dust  from 
settling  in  the  checker  flues. 

The  working  bottoms  of  the  furnaces  have  a  thick- 
ness ranging  from  19  to  28  inches  at  the  lowest  point, 
the  taphole.  Both  single  and  double  bottoms  are 
found.  The  single  bottom  is  more  common  with 
ore  smelting,  as  here  the  furnace  had  to  carry  a 
relatively  light  material  in  comparison  with  the  re- 
fining furnace  with  which  the  double  bottom  is  more 
prevalent.  The  bottom  sand  is  a  sugar-like  quartzite, 
with  95%  silica,  the  rest  being  alumina  and  ferric 
oxide.  It  is  crushed  between  rolls  to  bean  size,  say, 
through  a  jinch  ring;  80%  of  it  will  pass  through 
a  5-mm.  screen.  Two  examples  of  putting  in  a  bot- 
tom will  show  -how  great  are  the  differences  in  prac- 
tice. One  furnace  has  a  hearth  20x50  feet,  is  direct- 
fired,  and  takes  seventy-three  tons  of  crushed  sand- 
stone. Supposing  the  furnace  to  be  dry  and  warm, 
from  six  to  seven  tons  of  sand  are  charged  and 
heated  for  six  hours,  being  rabbled  at  intervals. 
These  operations  are  continued  until  one-half  of  the 
total  sand  required  has  been  introduced,  when  the 
whole  is  heated  to  the  fritting  of  the  surface.  The 
other  half  of  the  sand  is  now  charged  in  the  same 
manner  as  was  the  first  and  brought  to  fritting. 
Converter  slag  is  now  poured  in  to  cement  the  parti- 
cles of  sand  more   firmly  together ;  from  three  to 

•Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mtn.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


four  charges  of  calcines  are  worked  and  the  furnace 
tapped  dry  after  the  fourth  charge.  The  furnace  is 
allowed  to  cool  for  three  to  four  hours  and  is  ready 
for  regular  work.  The  time  required  for  putting  in 
the  bottom  is  four  days.  The  bottom  under  consider- 
ation was  put  in  in  February,  1900. 

The  other  extreme  is  offered  by  a  gas-fired  furnace 
with  regenerative  chambers;  the  rectangular  hearth 
is  42  feet  6  inches  by  15  feet  9  inches.  It  is  presup- 
posed that  the  furnace  is  new  and  requires  drying 
and  warming.  A  light  wood  fire  is  started  on  the 
hearth  in  half  a  dozen  places;  the  valves  are  reversed 
every  half  hour.  In  ten  days  the  furnace  will  be  at  a 
dull  red,  in  two  days  more  it  will  be  hot  enough  to 
ignite  producer  gas.  The  gas  is  turned  on  in  small 
amount  at  first;  after  three  days  the  wood  ashes  are 
taken  out,  and  on  the  fourth  or  fifth  day  (the  six- 
teenth or  seventeenth  after  starting)  the  furnace 
will  be  a  bright  cherry  red.  Five  tons  of  sand  are 
charged  through  the  hoppers  in  the  roof  and,  when 
spread,  cover  the  hearth  to  a  thickness  of  2  inches. 
The  sand  is  calcined,  turned  over,  and  the  furnace 
brought  to  a  normal  heat;  charging  of  sand  and  heat- 
ing it  are  continued  in  five  to  six  hour  intervals  until 
about  60  tons  have  been  introduced,  care  being  taken 
to  have  the  sand  thoroughly  calcined.  The  furnace 
is  now  brought  in  thirty-six  to  forty-eight  hours  to 
the  highest  heat  that  can  be  obtained  without  endan- 
gering the  brickwork,  and  the  sand  brought  to  set, 
which  amounts  to  about  3  inches  in  thickness.  The 
high  heat  is  maintained  for  sixteen  hours,  and  the 
furnace  then  cooled  down  to  a  dull  cherry  red. 
Enough  calcines  (giving  45%  copper  matte)  are 
dropped  through  the  roof  to  cover  the  hearth  to  a 
depth  of  3  inches.  They  are  melted  down  and  are 
absorbed  by  the  sand  bottom.  The  furnace  is  cooled 
as  before,  and  a  second  charge  of  calcines  given  and 
smelted.  Part  only  of  the  charge  will  be  taken  up 
by  the  hearth,  the  rest  is  tapped  out.  The  furnace 
is  again  cooled,  12  to  15  tons  ore  charge  are  given, 
melted  down,  and  the  furnace  is  tapped  dry  and 
cooled  to  a  dark  red,  but  more  slowly  than  before.  It 
is  again  fired  up,  worked  for  three  days  as  under 
normal  conditions,  and  then  tapped  dry  and  allowed 
to  cool  to  a  cherry  red.  It  is  now  safe  for  any  kind 
of  work.  The  time  required  to  bring  a  new  cold  fur- 
nace to  this  point  is  three  weeks.  The  object  of  the 
repeated  coolings  of  the  furnace  is  to  harden  the 
bottom.  A  bottom  put  down  without  cooling  is  liable 
to  be  mushy  when  it  is  hot,  even  though  it  be  hard 
when  relatively  cool. 

The  ore  charges  consist  mainly  of  roasted  concen- 
trates,   with  fines  from   first  class  ore;   sometimes 


being  regulated  by  the  gates  that  there  may  be  an 
even  distribution.  The  charge  is  now  melted  down 
and  stirred  at  intervals,  in  order  to  break  up  lumps. 
With  a  furnace  that  has  been  tapped  dry,  the  bottom 
has  to  be  rabbled  in  order  to  bring  adhering  melted 
parts  to  the  surface.  When  melted  and  thoroughly 
liquefied,  the  slag  is  skimmed  into  a  settling  box  or 
settling  pot,  that  particles  of  the  matte  carried  out 
by  the  slag  may  be  collected  and  saved.  With  zinc- 
ose  ore  it  is  important  to  give  a  good  fire  before 
tapping,  that  there  may  be  a  good  separation  of  the 
mushy,  zincky  matte  (which  being  light  floats  on  the 
surface  of  the  heavy  matte),  and  the  slag.  The  over- 
flow slag  is  collected  either  in  waste  slag  pots  of  5  to 
6  tons  capacity,  hauled  to  the  dump  electrically  and 
poured,  or  it  is  granulated  and  carried  off  by  a 
stream  of  water.  Granulated  slag  from  the  rever- 
beratory  matting  furnace  was  first  introduced  in 
1888  at  the  Anaconda  Lower  Works.  In  order  to 
reduce  the  copper  contents  of  this  slag,  fine  pyrites 
has  been  sprinkled  into  it  before  the  final  firing-up, 
with  the  hope  that  slagged  copper  may  be  sulphur- 
ized and  carried  into  the  matte.  The  matte  is  re- 
moved from  the  furnace  wholly  or  in  part,  depending 
on  whether  it  is  to  be  collected  and  shipped  or  trans- 
ferred to  the  converters.  When  the  furnace  is  to  be 
tapped  dry,  which  occurs  only  after  several  charges 
(with  high  concentrations  as  many  as  twelve  charges) 
have  been  treated,  and  the  hearth  holds  18  to  20 
inches  of  matte,  this  is  run  into  sand  moulds  or  cast 
iron  moulds  of  similar  form,  or  it  is  first  collected  in 
a  steel  ladle,  and  then  poured  into  the  form  of  flat 
cakes.  With  a  converter  plant,  only  part  of  the 
matte  is  removed  after  every  charge,  the  aim  beiDg 
to  keep  the  level  as  nearly  constant  as  possible. 
With  furnaces  that  are  tapped  dry,  the  sides  are 
patched  or  fettled  after  every  tap.  With  converter 
plants,  fettling  of  the  matting  reverberatories  is  re- 
sorted to  once  every  four  or  five  weeks.  As  fettling 
material,  siliceous  gold  ore  has,  in  some  instances,  re- 
placed the  usual  sand.  A  furnace  runs  about  ninety 
days  before  it  needs  sufficient  repairs  to  require 
shutting  down. 

(to  be  continued  ) 


Good  in  Peace  or  War. 


The  traction  engines  made  by  the  Best  Mfg.  Co., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  have  found  their  way  around  the 
world,  and  are  highly  valued  for  purposes  of  peace, 
but  it  appears  that  they  are  also  of  value  in  times  of 
war.      The  accompanying  engraving  shows  one  of 


A  Beit  Traction  Engine  Used  for  Military  Purpose!  in  Central  America. 


small  additions  of  limestones  are  made.  In  converter 
plants,  low-grade  blast-furnace  matte  is  often  poured 
into  the  reverberatory  matting  furnace  in  order  to 
raise  the  percentage  of  copper. 

In  regular  work,  the  charge  is  collected  above  the 
furnace  In  from  five  to  seven  hoppers,  having  dis- 
charge pipes  with  gates,  and  dropped  onto  the 
hearth.  With  non-regenerative  furnaces,  the  bulk  of 
the  charge  is  collected  near  the  fire  bridge;  thus 
wuh  five  hoppers,  e.  g.,  seven  and  one-half  volumes 
of  the  charge  will  be  dropped  through  hopper  No.  1 
near  the  fire  bridge,  then  six  and  one-half  through 
hopper  No.  2,  five  through  No.  3,  three  through  No. 
4,  and  one  through  No.  5  near  the  flue  bridge.  With 
a  regenerative  furnace,  having,  for  example,  seven 
hoppers,  charge  will  be  dropped  through  the  end 
hoppers  that  it  may  flow  toward  the  center,  then 
through  the  central  hopper  and  its  two  neighbors, 
and  lastly  through  the  two  remaining  ones,  the  flow 


those  engines  that  was  recently  used  in  a  Central 
American  military  campaign. 

The  Cia  de  Transportes  de  Matagalta  Ltda.  Co.  of 
Nicaragua,  C.  A.,  purchased  the  traction  engine  and 
cars  shown  in  the  engraving  for  use  in  some  Nica- 
ragua concessions  granted  to  the  company  by  the 
Nicaraguan  government  in  consideration  of  having 
free  use  of  the  outfit  in  case  of  war.  The  machine 
was  used  in  a  late  war  in  that  republic  to  carry  200 
soldiers,  six  cannons,  with  carriages  and  ammunition, 
and  also  ammunition  and  guns  for  1000  additional 
troops.  The  distance  covered  was  90  miles,  through 
a  very  heavily  timbered  country  and  a  rough  moun- 
tain range  ;  the  stumps  left  on  the  ground  in  some 
places  were  from  8  to  16  inches  high,  over  and 
through  which  the  outfit  had  to  climb.  Under  these 
hard  conditions  the  distance  was  covered  in  less  than 
forty-eight  hours  without  a  break,  greatly  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  Nicaraguan   purchasers  and  the 


169 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


government  authorities,  the  rough  trip  being  a  good 
testimonial  to  the  enduring  qualities  of  the  Best 
traction  engine. 

There  have  been  two  similar  outfits  sold  to  the 
Russian-Chinese  Bank  at  St.  Petersburg,  Russia, 
and  are  now  being  used  in  Siberia,  after  a  500-mile 
trip  through  an  unbroken  country  by  their  own 
power.  The  engine  shown  in  the  illustration  is  110 
H.  P.  The  carrying  capacity  of  each  car  is  sixteen 
tons. 


A  Practical  Suggestion. 


To  the  Editor  : — Referring  to  your  article  of  June 
27th,  "Danger  in  the  Cut-off  Holes,"  and  the  find- 
ing of  some  means,  outside  of  the  blasting  by  bat- 
teries and  the  placing  of  the  primer  near  the  bottom 
of  the  hole,  to  protect  the  following  shift  of  miners 
from  drilling  in  cut-off  holes,  I  would  suggest  that  a 
trial  be  made  of  providing  miners  with  large  printed 
cards  representing,  first,  the  face  of  the  drift  or 
bottom  of  the  shaft ;  second,  the  left  side  of  same ; 


third,  the  right  side  of  same  ;  fourth,  the  top  of  drift 
or  the  different  walls  of  shaft,  designated  north, 
south,  east  and  west,  such  cards  to  be  of  uniform 
printing  and  differing  only  in  the  mention  of  such  in- 
dications. The  crew  which  has  just  drilled  should 
fill  in  on  these  cards  before  blasting  the  position  and 
direction  of  holes  drilled,  as  per  the  inclosed  dia- 
gram. 

These  indications  may  not  provide  fully  for  the 
safety  of  the  following  shift,  but  would  contribute  in 
a  certain  measure  to  the  location  of  the  cut-off  holes, 
and  even  if  not  sufficient  to  locate  the  same,  would 
anyhow  help  the  miners  to  keep  from  drilling  near  or 
by  the  previous  holes.  Some  one  may  suggest  some- 
thing better  for  the  protection  of  the  life  of  the 
miners.  N.  E.  T. 

Baker  City,  Or. 

Mining  is  manifestly  more  strenuous  than  formerly. 
In  no  department  of  the  industry  is  this  more  notice- 
able than  in  the  absence  of  so  many  reports  formerly 
evolved  from  the  inner  consciousness  of  the  imagina- 
tive. Time  was  when  the  week  was  a  dull  one  that  did 
not  furnish  something  unusual  in  the  way  of  gold  or 
other  metallic  finds.  Yet  in  this  thirty-seventh  week 
of  1903  not  a  solitary  freak  story  has  appeared.  The 
bark  from  the  hemlock  tree  near  Olympia,  Wash., 
which  when  burned  gave  ashes  that  assayed  $77.84 
gold  to  the  ton ;  the  goose  at  Grant's  Pass,  Or., 
which  when  butchered  disgorged  $4.75  gold  from  its 
crop  ;  the  mysterious  stranger  who  visited  Picacho, 
Cal.,  and  who  had  23  ounces  "white  gold "  for  which 
he  was  to  be  paid  $24.10  per  ounce  at  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Mint ;  the  discovery  at  Telluride,  Colo.,  of  an 
ore  "half  telluride  and  half  platinum  ;  "  the  petrified 
stumps  near  St.  George,  Utah,  that  assayed  through- 
out $14,376  silver  per  ton;  the  chalcopyrite  so  abun- 
dant at  Patapsco,  Md.,  that  yielded  49%  copper  ; 
the  man  from  Lecompton,  Kan.,  who  produced  22- 
carat  gold  from  equal  portions  of  antimony  and  fried 
carrots  ;  the  Providence,  R.  I.,  genius  who  "  gener- 
ated "  gold  by  the  bucketful  from  sea  water  ;  the 
Denver,  Colo.,  man  who  produced  "oil  of  gold,"  and 
the  Washington  D.  C,  genius  who  rearranged  the 
"  ions  "  of  silver  on  a  32  to  1  basis  to  make  2  ounces 
of  gold  grow  where  but  1  ounce  of  silver  grew  before 
— all  lack  appearance  this  season.  They  no  longer 
furnish  momentary  mirth  to  the  miner,  and  probably 
the  places  that  knew  them  once  will  know  them  no 
more  forever. 


Leaching  Low-Grade  Copper  Ore. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

Wet  processes  for  successful  treatment  of  low- 
grade  copper  ore  lorjg  since  emerged  from  the  labor- 
atory stage  to  be  commercially  profitable.  Without 
being  severely  technical  the  following  is  designed  as 
general  answer  to  a  multitude  of  questions  thereon: 

Not  all  copper  ores  are  susceptible  of  leaching  by 
any  method.  The  first  thing  is  to  determine  by  care- 
ful and  detailed  experiment  whether  the  particular 
ore  in  question  can  be  so  treated  at  all.  Into  this 
question  enters  a  number  of  other  factors,  location, 
cost  of  miniDg,  amount  of  available  ore,  transporta- 
tion, cost  of  sulphuric  acid,  and  other  points  that  re- 
quire consideration.  For  instance,  some  of  the  cases 
cited  might  present  a  situation  where  copper  is 
present  in  the  ore  as  metallic  copper,  yet  not  soluble 
(as  a  commercially  successful  proposition)  in  any 
ordinary  solvent;  in  such  a  case,  if  there  were  so  ex- 
istent a  large  percentage  of  the  copper  in  the  form 
of  metallics  it  would  have  to  be  saved  in  some  differ- 
ent way,  as,  say,  by  concentration  of  the  tailings 
after  leaching.  While  oxides,  carbonates,  silicates 
(including  roasted  ores),  dissolve  in  sulphurous  acid, 
and  from  the  solution  obtained  copper  may  be  pre- 
cipitated by  boiling  the  filtered  solutions,  yet  lime, 
magnesia,  and  to  a  certain  degree  alumina  and  iron, 
are  objectionable,  for  they  adulterate  the  copper 
precipitate  and  consume  sulphur.  Then,  again,  in 
considering  the  commercial  possibilities  of  leaching  a 
copper  ore  the  contents  of  the  ore  in  copper  and  the 
cost  of  sulphur  must  be  taken  into  account.  If  the 
body  of  copper  ore  were  close  to  a  deposit  of  pyrites, 
from  which  could  be  cheaply  furnished  all  needed  sul- 
phur, the  existence  of  lime  in  the  ore  would  not  be  an 
insuperable  objection.  But  if  the  ore  body  were  a 
long  ways  from  sulphide  ores,  and  the  sulphur  had  to 
be  freighted  in  the  form  of  brimstone,  the  matter 
would  not  be  so  simple. 

It  is  customary  in  many  cases  to  manufacture  the 
necessary  sulphuric  acid  on  the  premises.  The  Black 
Warrior  Copper  Co.,  7  miles  from  Globe,  Gila  county, 
Arizona,  has  such  a  plant  with  a  stated  daily  ca- 
pacity of  twenty-five  tons  sulphuric  acid.  Much  of 
their  ore  roasted  runs  35%  sulphur,  though  the  ore 
mainly  consists  of  copper  oxides  and  carbonates,  run- 
ning about  60%  silica.  Their  leaching  plant  contains 
fifteen  lead-lined  leaching  tanks,  made  of  redwood, 
boiled  in  asphaltum.  Each  tank  has  ten  tons  ca- 
pacity and  is  hung  on  trunnions,  provided  with  gear- 
ing so  as  to  turn  or  dump  it.  Above  the  leaching 
tanks  is  a  row  of  lead-lined  acid  solution  tanks, 
reaching  the  ore  in  the  latter  from  the  bottom.  On 
a  level  below  the  leaching  tanks  are  a  number  of 
steel,  lead-lined  receptacles  into  which  the  exhaust 
solution  is  drained.  By  compressed  air  it  is  pumped 
up  to  the  solution  tanks,  where  it  is  standardized  for 
use  again.  The  solution  is  about  10%  sulphuric  acid, 
and  it  is  stated  that  the  requirements  are  four  to 
five  pounds  of  acid  to  recover  one  pound  of  copper. 
The  copper  in  solution  is  precipitated  by  means  of 
scrap  iron  within  two  "copper  barrels," each  10  feet 
long  by  8  feet  in  diameter.  The  resultant  precipi- 
tate is  about  85%  copper,  the  balance  iron. 

In  the  Black  Warrior  plant  sulphide  ores  are  fed 
from  a  central  hopper  above  into  the  several  fur- 
naces at  the  top.  The  center  shaft  in  each  furnace 
is  turned  by  gearing,  and  attached  to  it  are  rakes 
that  circle  around  on  each  shell,  stirring  the  ore  and 
dropping  it  through  the  apertures  to  the  shelf  below. 
When  the  fires  are  once  started  in  these  furnaces 
the  sulphur  in  the  ore  is  supposed  to  supply  the  fuel 
for  continuous  roasting.  The  sulphurous  fumes  and 
dust  pass  from  the  furnaces  to  an  adjoining  dust 
chamber,  thence  into  ovens  in  which  nitrate  of  soda 
is  boiled  with  sulphuric  acid  to  convert  the  nitrate 
to  a  sulphate  of  soda,  and  by  this  the  nitrous  fumes 
are  liberated  and  used  in  condensing  the  sulphur 
fumes  into  the  sulphuric  acid.  The  gases  from  the 
niter  oven  pass  up  through  a  quantity  of  quartz 
within  a  lead-lined  Glover  tower,  thence  through  a 
flue  into  the  main  acid  chamber. 

The  Central  Black  Hills  Copper  Co.,  12  miles  from 
Custer  and  6  miles  from  Redfern,  South  Dakota, 
owns  large  deposits  of  copper  carbonates  and  has 
erected  a  leaching  plant  for  the  extraction  of  copper 
at  what  is  claimed  to  be  a  much  lower  cost  than  has 
heretofore  been  attained.  With  the  new  plant  100 
tons  of  ore  per  day  can  be  treated.  This  plant  con- 
sists of  a  four-story  building,  the  ores  going  through 
by  gravity.  The  ore  is  mined  as  stone  is  quarried — 
in  benches.  When  mined  the  ore  passes  from  the 
open  cut  to  the  ore  bins  in  a  chute  and  is  taken  from 
the  ore  bins  to  the  mill  over  a  trestle,  so  that  it 
enters  the  mill  at  the  extreme  top,  the  mill  being 
about  150  feet  below  the  mine.  The  ore  is  first 
crushed,  then  it  passes  through  a  set  of  roughing 
rolls,  a  set  of  finishing  rolls,  and  then  to  the  leaching 
tank,  where  it  is  treated  and  put  into  solution.  This 
solution  is  run  into  the  precipitating  vats,  where  it 
is  precipitated  and  then  gathered.  The  copper, 
after  being  precipitated,  is  recovered  in  small  gran- 
ules, and  is  then  melted  and  run  into  bars.  This  pro- 
cess is  asserted  to  in  no  way  interfere  with  the  gold 
and  silver  contained  in  the  ores.     As  this  ore  is  sili- 


ceous in  character,   it  is  considered  a  good  cyanide 
ore.    The  tailings  are  being  saved. 

The  wet  process  for  treating  copper  ore  in  small 
quantities,  known  as  Henderson's,  is  reported  to  be 
successfully  used  in  the  extraction  of  the  2%  or  3% 
of  copper  contained  in  pyrites  roasted  at  vitriol 
works  for  the  sake  of  the  sulphur  therein.  These 
residues  contain  a  very  small  quantity  of  silver  and  a 
small  proportion  of  residual  sulphur.  They  are 
mixed  with  a  sufficient  quantity  of  common  salt  and 
heated  in  a  muffle  furnace  to  a  moderate  red  heat. 
A  muffle  furnace  is  heated  externally  so  that  the 
products  of  combustion  from  the  fuel  can  not  gain 
admission.  Air  is  allowed  free  access  to  the  mix- 
ture, and  any  fumes  evolved  are  withdrawn  by  flues. 
The  copper  sulphide  present  becomes  copper  sul- 
phate, and  this  reacts  with  the  common  salt,  forming 
copper  chloride  and  sodium  sulphate,  while  the  silver 
is  simultaneously  converted  into  silver  chloride.  On 
withdrawing  the  charge  it  is  transferred  to  large 
vats  fitted  with  false  bottoms  covered  with  brush- 
wood to  serve  as  a  filter,  and  there  treated  with 
water,  which  dissolves  the  chloride  of  copper  and  the 
common  salt,  the  brine  thus  produced  dissolving  the 
silver  chloride  also.  The  solution  is  then  filtered  off 
into  a  separate  tank  and  treated  by  Claudet's  pro- 
cess, which  consists  in  mixing  it  with  a  solution  of 
iodide  of  zinc  containing  just  enough  iodine  to  com- 
bine with  all  the  silver  present.  Silver  iodide  is  thus 
produced,  containing  small  quantities  of  gold  and 
some  lead,  and,  as  it  is  insoluble  in  brine,  it  separates 
out  into  the  solid  state  and  sinks  to  the  bottom.  On 
filtering  the  liquid  again,  a  solution  of  chloride  of 
copper  free  from  silver  is  obtained,  and  the  solid 
iodide  of  silver,  being  carefully  collected,  is  treated 
with  metallic  zinc,  which  decomposes  it,  reforming 
an  iodide  of  zinc  that  may  be  dissolved  in  water  and 
used  to  separate  the  silver  from  a  fresh  batch  of  ore, 
while  the  silver,  now  in  the  metallic  state,  is  melted 
and  refined.  The  working  loss  of  iodine  is  made  up 
by  adding  iodide  of  potassium.  The  solution  of  chlo- 
ride of  copper  obtained  in  this  way,  or  that  of  sul- 
phate of  copper  recovered  from  ores  that  have  under- 
gone a  sulphating  wash,  may  be  made  to  yield  up  the 
copper  therein  in  a  powdery  but  metallic  form  by 
the  well-known  process  of  placing  fragments  of  scrap 
iron  in  the  liquid  in  large  tanks,  or  as  it  flows 
through  long  channels.  The  iron  exchanges  places 
with  the  copper,  because  its  combining  power  for 
sulphuric  or  hydrochloric  acid  is  greater  than  that 
of  copper.  It  gradually  dissolves  into  the  solution, 
and  a  precipitate  of  copper  separates  in  the  form  of 
cement  copper,  which  is  seldom  sufficiently  pure  to 
be  used  direct,  and  is,  therefore,  subsequently  refined 
in  furnaces  or  electrolytically. 

The  Neill  leaching  process  is  a  treatment  based  on 
the  use  of  sulphurous  acid  for  the  recovery  of  copper 
from  the  oxide  and  carbonate  ores.  These  minerals 
are  reacted  upon  by  sulphurous  acid  with  the  forma- 
tion of  cuprous  sulphite  (Cu2S03).  This  salt  is  not 
soluble  in  water,  but  is  soluble  in  water  containing 
sulphurous  acid — that  is,  the  leaching  solution  must 
have  an  excess  of  the  acid  in  it  over  that  required  to 
make  the  reaction.  The  copper  is  precipitated  by 
driving  off  the  excess  of  acid  by  heat.  The  precipi- 
tate is  cupro-cuprous  sulphite  (CuS03Cu2S03  + 
2HaO)  and  contains  49.1%  of  copper.  It  is  a  heavy, 
crystalline  compound,  of  dark-red  color,  which  settles 
readily  from  the  solution  and  can  be  washed  by  de- 
cantation,  dried  and  reduced  to  metallic  copper  by 
fusion  on  the  hearth  of  a  reverberatory  furnace. 
Very  small  amounts  of  other  metals  are  dissolved 
and  the  product  is  pure  copper.  In  practice  the 
ore  is  crushed  to  pass  a  20-mesh,  put  in  covered 
tanks  and  kept  in  a  state  of  agitation  while  a  current 
of  sulphurous  acid  from  the  generators  is  forced 
through  it.  The  copper  will  pass  into  solution  in 
from  one  to  four  hours.  The  solution  is  drawn  off 
through  a  filter  press  to  separate  the  slimes.  The 
latter  and  the  sands  are  washed  once  with  water, 
which  is  used  over  with  the  next  charge.  The  solu- 
tion in  the  precipitating  tanks  is  heated  with  exhaust 
steam,  precipitating  the  copper  salt.  The  plant  can 
be  arranged  to  save  nearly  all  the  sulphurous  acid 
except  that  combining  with  the  copper.  One  pound 
of  sulphur  is  required  to  convert  four  pounds  of  cop- 
per into  sulphite,  or,  with  the  loss  from  the  excess, 
one  pound  converts  three  pounds.  The  sulphurous 
gas  can  be  obtained  either  by  burning  pyrite  or  sul- 
phur. Roasting  a  copper  sulphide  ore  to  an  oxide 
should  provide  ample  acid  for  its  own  treatment. 
The  recovery  of  the  copper  by  fire  alone  effects  a 
great  saving  over  leaching,  where  iron  is  required  to 
precipitate  the  copper. 

The  Conconino  Copper  Co.  plant  at  Ryan,  Arizona, 
was  some  time  ago  reported  by  Manager  Jennings  to 
have  successfully  solved  some  of  the  difficulties  at- 
tendant upon  leaching  low-grade  copper  ores  at  a 
commercial  profit. 

In  connection  with  this  whole  matter,  it  is  as  said 
to  be  constantly  borne  in  mind  that  the  cost  of  leach- 
ing works  in  actual  operation  is  often  as  much  as  a 
smelting  plant  of  the  same  capacity,  and  some  of 
them  may  cost  more.  A  leaching  plant  is  of  no  value 
unless  put  up  right.  No  one  appreciates  this  more 
than  those  actually  engaged  in  leaching.  The  wear 
and  tear  on  a  well  constructed  leaching  plant  is,  how- 
ever, less  than  on  a  smelter.  Whether  a  leaching 
plant  or  smelting  works  is  needed  on  a  certain  mine 
depends  entirely  on  local  conditions,  and  on  the  qual- 


September  12.  laud 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


170 


ity  of  the  ores,  etc.,  which  must  be  studied  carefully 
in  each  case.  Most  uf  copper  ores  can  be  leached, 
so  also  can  they  be  smelted;  the  deciding  point  must 
therefore  be  the  cost  of  the  treatment.  For  in- 
stance: A  mine  with  plenty  of  good  sulphide  ores  at 
a  place  where  fluxes  and  fuel  are  cheap  would  hardly 
consider  the  erection  of  a  leaching  plant;  or  if  fluxes 
and  fuel  are  expensive  and  distance  from  a  railroad 
is  great,  a  smelter  is  often  out  of  the  question,  and  it 
is  then  in  order  to  investigate  the  different  methods 
of  leaching  and  select  the  one  which  will  give  com- 
mercial results. 

It  has  been  prominently  asserted  that  the  end  re- 
sult when  copper  sulphide  ores  are  subjected  to  an 
oxidizing  roasting  will  be  copper  sulphate  exclu- 
sively, and  that  this  can  be  leached  out  by  water, 
only  provided  the  required  skill  is  used  and  proper 
care  is  taken. 

The  process  is  about  as  old  as  the  metallurgy  of 
copper,  and  metallurgists  in  general  would  be  pleased 
to  learn  of  one  place  on  the  globe  where  such  results 
are  obtained  in  practice. 

Authorities  who  record  results  of  practice  from 
wherever  copper  ores  are  treated  do  not  record  an 
instance,  and  most  of  them  state  that  such  results 
are  not  obtained,  and  that  speaking  from  a  practical 
standpoint  they  are  an  impossibility. 

As  to  the  results  from  a  chloridizing  roasting,  it 
has  hpen  stated  that  the  end  results  are  cupric- 
chloride  exclusively,  provided  the  required  skill  and 
attention  are  used,  but  where  such  results  are  ob- 
tained is  not  stated.  This  is  not  a  new  French 
process,  which  is  manifest  to  any  familiar  with  the 
so-called  Henderson  process,  which  has  been  in  oper- 
ation in  England,  Germany  and  other  countries  for 
several  years. 

Experienced  metallurgists  who  have  roasted  thou- 
sands of  tons  of  copper  ore  and  matte,  wish  that 
these  theories  were  correct,  but  their  experience 
denies  it. 

It  has  been  further  claimed  that  ores  containing 
silicate  of  copper  must  of  necessity  be  roasted  be- 
fore they  can  be  leached ;  yet  some  of  those  leaching 
them  on  a  large  scale  do  not  roast  them,  and  claim 
that  there  is  no  absolute  necessity  for  roasting  them  ; 
indeed,  they  obtain  a  very  good  extraction  by  leach- 
ing the  raw  silicate  ores. 

The  salt  cake  and  nitre  cake  method  for  leaching 
copper  ores  is  not  devoid  of  theoretical  merit.  The 
patent  covering  this  process  is  valid,  and  it  is  of  use 
at  places  where  salt  or  nitre  cake  is  of  no  value.  But 
to  produce  salt  cake  or  nitre  cake  for  the  purpose  of 
using  it  as  a  solvent  for  copper  is  not  economy. 
These  compounds  carry  between  15%  and  16%  free 
sulphuric  acid,  which  is  the  only  ingredient  in  them 
that  will  dissolve  copper.  The  glauber  salt  in  them 
does  not  dissolve  copper  and  is  useless  and  cumber- 
some. Salt  and  nitre  cake  are  never  pure  where 
made  and  thrown  away  as  by-products,  or  used  to 
make  glauber  salts,  and  as  it  would  appear  that 
eight  pounds  of  it  is  required  to  contain  one  pound  of 
free  sulphuric  acid,  or,  in  other  words,  one  pound  of 
sulphuric  acid  will  dissolve  as  much  copper  as  eight 
pounds  of  salt  or  nitre  cake,  then  where  these  com- 
pounds cost  only  half  as  much  as  sulphuric 
acid  their  use  would  still  entail  a  cost 
four  times  as  great  per  pound  of  copper  as  would 
the  use  of  sulphuric  acid  straight.  To  any  one  hunt- 
ing for  new  solvents  for  copper  to  get  up  some  secret 
process  might  be  suggested  alum  solution ;  this  will 
dissolve  copper  out  of  oxidized  ores,  or  if  a  mixture 
is  needed  to  make  the  process  still  more  mysterious, 
one  might  mix  the  alum  solution  with  a  common  salt 
solution,  and  heat  the  mixture  with  the  copper  ore, 
and  copper  will  be  dissolved.  Or  if  a  plain  every- 
day article  will  answer  as  well  use  vinegar. 

Except  under  the  conditions  named,  where  salt  or 
nitre  cake  are  of  no  value  at  all,  the  cost  of  using 
these,  or  alum,  or  alum  and  salt,  or  vinegar,  would  not 
vary  much  ;  but,  of  course,  for  the  secret  process  man 
costs  would  be  of  slight  importance. 

As  to  the  alleged  reactions  consequent  upon  the 
use  of  the  following  formulas: 

Cu2S  +  40a  +  H2S04  =  2CuS04  +  H2S04. 
CuFe2  +  402  +  H2S04  =  CuS04  +  FeS04  +  H2S04. 

The  sulphuric  acid  (H2S04)  does  not  appear  to  be 
active  in  this  reaction,  hence  might  be  replaced  by 
any  other  liquid  which  is  not  a  solvent  for  copper 
sulphides,  say  water  (H20)  and  the  equation  would 
look  as  follows: 

CuFeS2  +  402  +  H20  =  0uSO4  +  FeS04  +  H20. 

It  has  been  stated  that  it  will  take  from  six  to 
twelve  hours  for  the  reaction  to  take  place  when  us- 
ing sulphuric  acid,  and  air  is  blown  into  the  charge 
to  provide  the  402. 

It  would  be  of  value  if  it  would  occur  in  as  many 
days  I  The  matter  is  of  such  importance  that  even  a 
few  months  blowing  would  be  in  order,  but  it  is  feared 
that  the  blower's  patience  would  wear  out  if  not  his 
machinery,  and  the  result  would  leave  the  CuFeS2 
undecomposed  as  before. 

The  well-known  EUsner's  reactions,  which  occur 
when  gold  and  silver  are  extracted  from  the  ore  by 
potassium  cyanide,  does  not  warrant  the  conclusion 
that  if  these  can  occur  the  reactions  pertaining  to 
copper  must  also  occur,  as  this  overlooking  of  the 
fact  that  potassium  cyanide  is  a  solvent  for  gold  and 
silver  and  its  action  is  merely  hastened  by  an  extra 


amount  of  oxygen  present,  and  also  by  the  agitation 
of  the  blowing  operation.  Sulphuric  acid  is  not  a 
solvent  for  copper  sulphides,  and  blowing  air  into  the 
mixture  for  a  century  will  not  make  it  one! 

In  writing  the  equation,  to  make  it  of  value  it  were 
well  to  use  the  one  usua  ly  given   to   represent   the 
|  treatment  in  vogue  at  Rio  Tinto,  viz: 

x-H2-S04-rCu2-S+2Fe2-(S04)3=2Cu-S-04  + 

4Fe-S-04  + 
xH2-S-04 

Writers  who  give  this  formula  and  reaction  add  that 
in  most  cases  it  is  impossible  to  extract  in  this  way 
the  copper  as  sulphate  during  a  number  of  years, 
and  this  only  from  suitable  ores.  Now,  if  with  a  sol- 
vent present  (Fe(SO,)3)  it  requires  many  years  to 
complete  the  reaction,  how  many  years  would  the 
reaction  require  in  which  there  is  no  solvent  for  cop- 
per present? 
Still,  in  all  such   discussions   it  must  be  borne   in 


gravel,  one  barrel  cement,  two  quarts  water  glass. 
This  material  gives  a  homogeneous  mixture  and 
smooth  surface,  and  prevents  oils  and  greases  from 
disintegrating  the  foundations. 

— m    

Mints  of  Summit  County,  Colorado. 

(from  an  occasional  cobeespondent.) 

I  send  you  herewith  a  photo  of  the  mouth  of  the 
tunnel  of  the  Rothchild  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.  of  Argentine. 
This  property  is  located  on  the  western  slope  of  the 
Continental  divide,  13  miles  from  the  railroad.  The 
shipping  point  is  Keystone.  J.  J.  Reilley,  superin- 
tendent of  the  property,  is  installing  a  7-drill  com- 
pressor, 100  H.  P.  boiler,  12  inch  ventilating  pipe 
and  4-inch  air  line.  The  tunnel  is  2500  feet  in  length 
and  has  cut  several  veins  of  ore.  Some  of  these  run 
from  $35  to  $70  per  ton.      He  expects  to  drive  the 


Rothchild  Gold  and  Silver  Mining  Company's  Property,  Argentine,  Colo. 


mind  that  the  subject  is,  like  many  others,  two-sided 
and  involves  considerable  experiment  and  research. 
Many  of  the  theoretically  perfect  reactions  do  not 
prove  successful  when  tried  practically.  Circum- 
stances must  determine  when  smelting  or  leaching 
processes  should  be  employed.  Experiments  made 
at  the  Rio  Tinto  mine,  in  Spain,  show  that  with  ore 
carrying  as  high  as  2%  of  copper,  75%  of  the  copper 
was  oxidized  to  sulphate  and  washed  out ;  but  25% 
remained  behind.  It  is  practically  impossible  to 
carry  on  the  operation  so  that  all  the  copper  will  be- 
come sulphate.  This  is  shown  by  the  two  following 
reactions  which  may  take  place  between  the  sulphate 
and  the  sulphide  not  yet  oxidized: 


And 


Cu2S  +  CuS04  =  3Cu  +  2  S02 
Cu2S  +  4  CuS04  =  6  CuO  +  5  S02 


Oxides  are  the  ultimate  result  of  the  roasting 
process,  the  sulphate  being  only  the  intermediate 
product,  and,  we  must  know  that,  as  is  always  the 
case  with  intermediate  products,  is  never  obtained 
pure. 

All  furnace  operations  are  extremely  complex,  and 
as  a  dozen  chemical  processes  are  in  progress  at  the 
same  time,  it  would  not  be  possible  to  say  that  any 
one  pure  result  was  going  to  be  obtained.  While  the 
bulk  of  the  copper  becomes  chloride,  yet  some  re- 
mains as  oxide,  some  is  sulphide  and  perhaps  some 
remains  as  sulphate. 

In  all  these  various  reactions  the  sulphuric  acid, 
existing  at  the  end  just  as  at  the  beginning,  seems  a 
useless  ingredient ;  but  chemical  reactions  are  fre- 
quently more  complex  than  they  seem,  and  the 
changes  indicated  may  be  the  result  of  haif  a  dozen 
intermediate  reactions.  The  claim  that  in  the  pres- 
ence of  sulphuric  acid  oxygen  from  the  air  will  unite 
with  copper  sulphide  to  form  copper  sulphate  is 
faintly  possible.  Copper  sulphide  will  unite  with  this 
amount  of  oxygen  under  other  circumstances;  it  does 
so  in  the  process  of  weathering,  where  it  is  left  ex- 
posed in  heaps  to  the  action  of  the  air. 

It  is,  lastly,  a  mistake  to  assume  the  possibility  of 
converting  sulphurous  acid  into  sulphuric  acid  by  the 
action  of  light  and  air.  The  sulphur  from  the  ore 
could  be  converted  into  sulphuric  acid — in  fact,  is  so 
converted  in  many  places — but  it  must  be  done  in 
the  same  way  as  if  sulphuric  acid  were  the  object  to 
be  attained,  and  the  method  adopted  must  be  the 
ordinary  method  of  making  sulphuric  acid. 

The  subject  is  an  important  one  to  metallurgists, 
and  is  here  discussed  with  a  view  to  eliciting  further 
light,  for  the  last  word  by  no  means  has  been  spoken 
regarding  the  matter, 


Manufacturers  of  heavy  machinery  are  reported 
commencing  to  use  silicate  of  soda  in  foundations  for 
engines,  hammers,  and  various  other  lines  of  heavy 
machinery.  The  formula  recommended  by  large 
users  is:    three  barrels  crushed  stone,   one  barrel 


tunnel  1500  feet  farther  during  the  year,  a  total  dis- 
tance of  4000  feet. 

Across  the  gulch  from  the  Rothchild  property  is 
the  Pennsylvania  Co.,  operating  the  Pennsylvania  and 
Ohio  mines,  also  concentrating  mill.  This  company 
will  install  a  steam  plant  at  the  mill  to  enable  them 
to  run  through  the  winter  months.  R.  T.  Williams 
has  charge  of  the  plant. 

At  Montezuma,  4  miles  from  Argentine,  the  Mine 
Developing  Co.  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  is  operating  the 
California  and  Sunburst.  This  company  owns  five 
claims  on  Glacier  mountain  on  Snake  river.  They 
have  a  tunnel  1000  feet  in  length  and  are  sinking  a 
shaft  on  ruby  silver  and  silver  glance  ore.  A.  M. 
Campbell,  manager  of  the  company,  states  they  are 
doing  development  work  at  present,  but  expect  to  be 
ship]  ing  again  soon. 

Graham  &  Miller,  owners  of  the  Harrison  group, 
consisting  of  thirteen  claims,  have  been  doing  devel- 
opment work  the  past  year.  The  ore  is  heavy  lead 
without  zinc,  and  occasionally  they  strike  some  pock- 
ets of  high-grade  ore,  running  4000  ounces  in  silver. 
The  property  is  on  Glacier  mountain. 

The  ore  around  Montezuma  has  carried  more  or  less 
zinc,  which  was  at  one  time  a  drawback  to  the  camp, 
but  if  the  present  demand  for  zinc  keeps  up  it  will  be 
a  benefit. 

Montezuma,  August  30. 


Simple  Device  to  Stop  Humming. 

The  American  Telephone  Journal  recommends  the 
device  indicated  in  the  drawing  to  stop  the  disagree- 


Inaulated  Wire 
to  Telephone. 


able  humming  sound  in  a  house  to  which  a  bracket, 
having  on  it  a  vibrating  telephone  wire,  was  attached. 
To  secure  this  result  a  piece  of  heavily  insulated  No. 
14  copper  wire  is  spliced  to  the  bare  line  wire,  as 


171 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


shown  in  the  drawing,  and  the  covered  wire  made  up 
around  the  insulator.  The  loose  end  of  the  copper 
wire  is  then  run  to  the  telephone,  care  being  taken 
to  leave  it  quite  slack.  This  scheme  is  stated  to  have 
proven  entirely  successful  wherever  used. 


Manufacture  of  Carborundum. 

The  manufacture  of  carborundum,  as  now  carried 
out  at  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.,  is  as  follows:  The  ma- 
terials used  are  coke,  sand  (rich  in  silicon),  salt  and 
sawdust,  the  two  latter  to  facilitate  the  operation  of 
the  furnace.  These  are  mixed  in  proper  proportions 
and  introduced  into  the  furnaces,  which  are  of  brick, 
built  up  into  four  walls,  so  as  to  form  a  kind  of  rough 
brick  box,  no  mortar  or  cement  of  any  kiad  being 
employed.     In  the  center  of  each  end  wall  of  the  fur- 


cool  down,  after  which  it  is  opened,  when  the  core  is 
found  surrounded  by  a  cylinder  of  carborundum  crys- 
tals varying  in  color  from  yellow  to  violet.  The 
crystals  in  immediate  contact  with  the  core  are  in 
one  solid  mass;  as  the  distance  from  the  core  is  in- 
creased, the  size  of  the  crystals  rapidly  diminishes, 
until  at  about  15  inches  all  crystallization  ceases  and 
an  amorphous  material  is  found,  of  a  whitish  gray 
color,  for  a  distance  of  2  inches;  when  suddenly  a 
black  mass,  composed  of  the  original  mixture,  now 
held  together  in  a  cemented  state  by  the  fusion  of 
the  salt,  is  met.  The  crystalline  and  amorphous  ma- 
terial, lying  between  the  core  and  the  outer  black 
mass,  is  carbide  of  silicon.  About  two  tons  of  car- 
borundum are  produced  in  one  run.  It  is  at  once 
noticed  that  the  core  is  changed  in  appearance  ;  it 
now  has  a  somewhat  metallic  luster,  all  impurities 
have  been  driven  off  and  a  pure  form  of  graphite  re- 


Tanks  Used  in  the  Manufacture  of  .Carborundum 


Furnace  at  the  Niagara  Falls  Carborundum  Factory. 


nace  is  a  large  bronze  plate,  to  which  are  connected 
the  cables  carrying  the  current.  When  complete 
the  internal  dimensions  of  a  furnace  are  about  15  feet 
long,  6  feet  wide  and  5  feet  high.  Connecting  with 
the  inner  surface  of  each  plate  are  sixty  carbon  rods, 
each  of  which  is  about  30  inches  long  and  3  inches  in 
diameter.  The  rods  project  through  the  walls  of  the 
furnace  and  form  the  terminals.  When  the  furnace 
has  been  built  up  in  this  way  the  mixture  is  intro- 
duced, about  ten  tons  making  the  charge.  Through 
the  center  of  the  mixture  a  core  formed  of  small 
grains  of  coke  is  built,  and  this  serves  to  form  a  con- 
tinuous electrical  connection  between  the  terminals. 
When  the  current  is  turned  on,  the  core  is  soon  raised 
to  a  high  temperature.  About  an  hour  after  the 
application  of  the  current,  carbon  monoxide  gas  is 
given  off  freely,  and,  when  a  lighted  match  is  applied, 
this  burns  with  a  lambent  blue  flame  and  envelops  the 
whole  furnace.  The  current  is  kept  on  for  about 
twenty-four  hours  and  then  the  furnace  is  allowed  to 


mains.  This  may  be  an  important  by-product  of  these 
furnaces.  The  presence  of  graphite  denotes  that 
the  temperature,  when  the  current  was  on,  must 
have  been  nearly  7000°,  which  is  the  point  of  graphite 
formation.  The  makers  of  carborundum,  however, 
take  pains  to  keep  the  temperature  of  their  furnaces 
under  7000°,  care  being  taken  that  it  does  not  run 
too  high,  as  carborundum  is  at  its  best  when  the  fur- 
nace work  is  done  between  6000°  and  7000°. 

The  industry  has  increased  rapidly;  in  1893  6i  tons 
were  manufactured,  in  1901  1690  tons  were  produced, 
and  the  power  in  use  has  been  increased  from  2000 
H.  P.  to  3000  H.  P.,  thus  raising  the  output  to  2700 
tons.  Carborundum  has  found  large  use  as  an  abra- 
sive; of  still  more  interest  is  its  recent  application  in 
the  steel  industry,  replacing  to  a  considerable  extent 
ferrosilicon.  The  present  consumption  of  carborun- 
dum for  this  purpose  is  seventy-five  tons  per  month. 
Still  more  promise  is  shown  by  the  proposed  use  of 
this  substance  for  making  highly  refractory  materials. 


In  this  connection  the  discovery  of  Fitzgerald  of  "re- 
crystallized  "  carborundum,  which  is  prepared  by 
agglomerating  the  finely  divided  material  and  re- 
heating in  the  electric  furnace,  is  to  be  noted,  as  also 
that  of  Tone,  for  using  for  similar  purposes  the 
"amorphous"  variety,  which  always  forms  a  consid- 
erable portion  of  the  product.  Bach  of  the  car- 
borundum furnaces  in  use  at  Niagara  employs  1000 
H.  P.,  the  voltage  starting  at  200,  and  falling  to  80 
as  the  furnace  heats  up  ;  the  units  are  kept  working 
at  full  power,  the  voltage  being  varied  according  to 
the  progress  of  the  reaction. 

The  power  is  distributed  by  the  Niagara  Falls 
Power  Company  on  the  constant-pressure  system, 
and  it  is  therefore  necessary  to  have  some  means  by 
which  this  variation  in  the  resistance  of  the  furnace 
can  be  coped  with.  The  two  principal  ways  in  which 
this  can  be  accomplished  are  to  change  the  ratio  of 
the  transformer,  or  to  add  in  another  small  trans- 
former which  can  be  used  as  a  booster;  in  either  case 
it  is  necessary  to  deal  with  the  primary,  as  the  sec- 
ondary connectiou  for  such  large  currents  can  not 
easily  be  manipulated. 

The  American  production  of  carborundum  in  1902 
was  3,741,500  pounds. 


How 


to  Determine  if  You  Have  a 
Concentrating  Ore. 


Written  [or  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Wm.  h.  Krit/ek. 

Obtain  samples  of  the  ore  from  all  parts  of  the 
mine,  using  care.  Then  have  complete  and  reliable 
assays  made,  and  if  the  ore  has  a  gross  value  of  sev- 
eral times  what  the  expense  is  to  mine  it,  proceed  as 
follows  to  determine  the  size  of  particles  to  which  the 
ore  should  be  crushed  for  treatment : 

Crush  an  average  sample  to  pass  through  a  No.  4 
mesh  screen  onto  a  No.  8.  If  the  productTremaining 
on  the  latter  screen  separates  readily  by  hand  pan- 
ning, there  will  be  no  necessity  of  crushing  it  finer. 
If  the  product  does  not  separate  freely,  then  crush 
it  so  it  will  pass  through  a  No.  10  and  remain  on  a 
No.  16,  and  repeat  the  panning  process. 

This  operation  of  crushing,  panning  and  screening 
is  to  be  continued  through  a  No.  16,  24,  30,  40,  and 
60  mesh,  respectively,  or  until  the  mineral  readily 
separates  from  the  gangue  in  the  pan,  weighing  care- 
fully each  part  which  is  left  remaining  on  each 
screen,  also  the  part  that  finally  passes  the  No.  60 
mesh  screen.  This  procedure  will  give  you  a  fair 
approximation  of  how  the  ore  will  crush,  and  if  it  will 
have  many  fines  or  slimes.  Note  how  each  lot  sepa- 
rates ;  examine  the  tailings  or  waste  under  a  magni- 
fying glass  to  see  if  the  mineral  is  released  from  the 
rock,  for  among  the  different  samples  one  should  be 
found  that  is  clean  or  free  from  inclosed  mineral. 
This  will  be  about  the  size  to  which  the  ore  should  be 
crushed.  Observe  if  the  material  that  passes 
through  the  No.  60  mesh  has  much  float  mineral, 
also  if  it  contains  an  unusual  amount  of  mineral,  for  if 
so  it  will  slime.  From  the  weights  you  can  ascertain 
about  what  can  be  expected  in  crushing,  and  if  a 
large  amount  is  secured  from  the  fine  screens  it  is  an 
indication  that  the  ore  will  slime  more  or  less.  If 
the  material  left  on  a  coarse  screen  is  free  from  min- 
eral and  comparatively  large,  no  fine  crushing  will 
be  required  for  concentration  or  separation,  and  the 
ore  should  be  easy  to  work. 

The  percentage  of  concentrates  in  ore  can  be  esti- 
mated by  taking  20  83  ounces  of  ore  (10,000  grains) 
crushed,  to  pass  through  a  40  mesh  screen  and  wash- 
ing it  very  carefully  in  a  batea  or  pan,  as  long  as 
concentrates  appear.  Dry  and  weigh.  Each  grain 
wiil  represent  one-hundredth  of  1%.  If  the  concen- 
trates weigh  300  grains,  the  quartz  contains  3%  of 
values,  or,  if  60  grains,  six-tenths  of  \%.  If  the  con- 
centrates are  worth  $150  per  ton,  the  value  of  each 
tons  of  ore  is  $i  50,  or,  if  six- tenths  of  1%,  90  cents 
per  ton. 

To  find  the  loss  in  tailings,  take  a  sample  every 
half  hour  (if  you  have  no  self-sampler)  for  twelve  hours 
by  passing  dipper  under  the  discharge,  being  careful 
not  to  allow  it  to  overflow.  Settle  the  material  col- 
lected by  sifting  several  teaspoonfuls  of  powdered 
alum  over  the  surface  of  the  water,  allow  it  to  re- 
main quiet  until  the  water  becomes  clear,  then  siphon 
it  off  and  evaporate  the  residue  remaining. 

Mix  thoroughly  when  dry  and  take  three  samples 
of  300  grams,  or  5000  grains,  each.  Place  one  of 
these  samples  in  a  two-quart  vessel  and  add  about  a 
quart  of  water.  Stir  thoroughly,  and  after  having 
allowed  it  to  stand  for  several  minutes  pour  the  wash 
water  into  a  larger  vessel.  Continue  doing  this  until 
the  water  from  the  sample  is  comparatively  clear. 
To  this  wash  water  collected  add  powdered  alum,  and 
after  settling  remove  the  clear  water  and  evaporate 
the  material  left  at  the  bottom.  Then  weigh  to  as- 
certain the  percentage  of  slimes,  and  assay. 

After  the  sands  have  been  removed  from  the  slimes 
separate  into  three  sizes  by  passing  them  through 
a  40  and  a  60  mesh  screen.  Weigh  each  to  ascertain 
the  percentage  of  sands,  and  assay.  If  the  assay 
shows  that  the  greatest  loss  occurs  in  the  slimes, 
then  you  are  crushing  too  fine  ;  but  if  the  assay  of  the 
coarse  sands  contains  the  most  values,  then  you  are 
not  crushing  fine  enough.  Mills,  as  a  rule,  crush  too 
fine.      This  can  be  ascertained  only  by  making  tests 


September  12,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


172 


as  above,  changing  the  mesh  of  screens  until  the  loss 
in  the  coarse  sands  and  slimes  is  about  equal,  remem- 
bering that  with  the  coarser  screens  you  increase 
your  crushing  capacity. 

To  test  tailings,  dry  and  weigh  out  17.35  pounds 
(10,000  grains)  and  wash  as  described  above.  Dry 
and  weigh  the  concentrates.  Each  grain  will  repre- 
sent one-hundredth  of  1%,  and  a  loss  of  2  cents,  if  the 
concentrates  are  worth  $200  per  ton.  If  the  10,000 
grains  in  sample  contain  4  grains  of  concentrates, 
the  loss  will  be  8  cents  per  ton.  If  the  concentrates 
are  worth  $50  per  ton,  multiply  fifty  by  four,  and  2 
cents  is  the  value  of  the  concentrates  in  one  ton  of 
tailings. 


u t 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

h 6 


PATENTS  ISSUED  SEPTEMBER  1.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Ore  Concentrator.— No.   737,326;  C.   A.  Bonner 
&  E.  E.  Euchenhofer,  Dayton,  Ohio. 


In  ore  concentrator  operated  by  means  of  motive 
fluid  pressure  bed  having  diagonally  arranged  strips 
placed  over  flexible  section  supported  by  ribbed 
frame  resting  upon  corrugated  bottom  having  air 
passages  diverging  from  opening  in  center,  cylinder 
arrangement  placed  under  opening  of  corrugated 
bottom,  cylinder  consisting  of  eolarged  part  in  which 
is  operated  large  piston  to  upper  part  of  which  is 
attached  smaller  piston  which  acts  as  valve  opening, 
closing  intake  pipe  for  fluid  pressure,  means  for  hold- 
ing and  regulating  position  of  machine. 

Hydrocarbon  Burner. — No.  737,999;  C.  Cannom, 
London,  Canada. 


Burner  comprising  head  provided  with  plurality 
of  gas-inlet  openings  and  with  cone-shaped  upper 
face  and  cap  provided  with  plurality  of  gas-escape 
openings,  combined  areas  of  gas-inlet  openings  being 
in  excess  of  combined  areas  of  gas-outlet  openings, 
thereby  to  maintain  pressure  within  head. 

Casing  Head  for  Oil  Wells. — No.  738,001;  J. 
Cochran,  Bealls  Mills,  W.  Va. 


Combination  of  casing  head  composed  of  two  sepa- 
rate parts,  one  fitting  above  other,  parts  being  fast- 
ened together,  both  parts  provided  with  vertically 
arranged  perforation,  and  lower  part  being  cut  away 
for  passage  of  rack,  upper  part  fitting  over  lower 
part. to  leave  recess  into  which  rack  may  slide,  with 
perforated  tube  ring  secured  in  upper  part  of  casing 
head,  screws  securing  tube  ring  in  place,  packing  be- 
tween tube  ring  and  upper  part  of  casing  head,  rack 
mounted  between  parts  of  casing  head,  rack  being 
provided  with  downwardly  extending  teeth,  toothed 


pinion  mounted  in  recess  in  lower  part  of  casing  head 
and  engaging  with  rack,  hand  wheel  for  operating 
pinion  and  means  for  preventing  oil  from  leaking  out 
around  shaft  of  pinion. 


Apparatus  for  Extracting  Gold  and  Other 
Metals  from  Ores  —No.  737,533;  E.  L  Van  der 
Naillen,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


In  apparatus  for  extracting  metals  from  ores, 
combination  of  concentrating  tank  consisting  of  two 
cone-shaped  sections  secured  together  at  their 
largest  diameter  by  means  of  suitable  flanges  and 
provided  with  intermediate  strip  secured  between 
flanges  and  projecting  outwardly,  settling  tank  dis- 
posed around  concentrating  tank,  perforated  dia- 
phragm placed  between  concentrating  and  settling 
tanks  supported  upon  intermediate  strip,  and  suit- 
able bracket  bolted  to  settling  tank  and  adapted  to 
form  two  horizontal  sections  within  settling  tank. 

Hoist.— No.  737,830;  O.  C.  Duryea  and  M.  C. 
White,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Base,  webbed  drum  mounted  on  base,  band  wheel 
on  drum,  intermediate  webbed  band  wheel,  gearing 
connecting  two  band  wheels,  gearing  being  between 
web  of  drum  and  web  of  intermediate  band  wheel, 
friction  band  on  each  band  wheel,  means  for  tighten- 
ing one  friction  band,  means  independent  of  first 
means  for  tightening  other  friction  band  and  means 
for  driving  gearing. 


Process  of   Reducing   Minerals.- 
O.  B.  Dawson,  Caldwell,  N.  J. 


-No.    738,007; 


Process  for  effecting  direct  decomposition  of  min- 
erals, and  conversion  of  same  into  globular  shot-like 
masses  or  nuggets  consisting  in  subjecting  ores  with- 
out addition  of  flux,  and,  while  atmospheric  air  is 
excluded  therefrom,  to  continuously  applied  external 


heat  for  heating  ores  to  about  degree  of  beginning  of 
incandescence  in  presence  of  hydrogen  gas  supplied 
in  quantity  in  excess  of  that  required  for  hydrogen- 
izing  elements  naturally  and  previously  combined 
with  and  extracted  from  metal0,  such  excess  gas 
serving  to  maintain  metal  in  metallic,  spongy  condi- 
tion and  preventing  formation  of  oxides,  carbonates, 
etc.,  and,  while  still  in  metallic,  spongy  condition  and 
in  presence  of  hydrogen  gas,  concentrating  metals  in 
gangue  to  glohular,  shot-like  masses  or  nuggets  by 
subjecting  them  to  higher  degree  of  heat  in  air-tight 
chamber. 


Delivery  Mechanism  for  Ore  Bins.- 
J.  W.  Seaver,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 


-No.  738,076; 


Combination  of  storage  bin  with  inclined  delivery 
spout  having  perforated  transverse  bar  therein,  and 
series  of  pins  passing  through  perforations  of  bar 
and  constituting  grated  vaive  for  governing  flow 
through  spout.  

Aerial  Ropeway. — No.  737,871;  J.  P.  Roe,  Lon- 
don, England. 


Sheave  mounting  for  aerial  ropeway  comprising 
guiding  sheave  mounted  to  rotate  at  angle  to  hori- 
zontal, and  depression  sheave  that  has  periphery 
arranged  above  and  forced  toward  periphery  of 
guiding  sheave  with  yielding  pressure  that  will  allow 
of  its  being  moved  away  from  guiding  sheave,  but 
will  act  to  automatically  return  depression  sheave  to 
normal  position  when  displacing  force  is  removed. 

Process  of  Making  Sulphuric  Acid. — No.  737,- 
625;  J.  B.  P.  Herreshoff,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


Method  of  making  sulphuric  acid  by  causing  liquid 
sulphuric  acid  and  gaseous  sulphuric  anhydrid  to 
travel  in  opposite  directions  in  contact  with  each 
other,  reserving  portion  of  strong  acid  thus  pro- 
duced as  final  product  of  process,  diluting  and  cool- 
ing remainder  of  strong  acid,  and  returning  such 
diluted  and  cooled  acid  to  first  stage  of  process  to 
again  absorb  anhydrid. 


173 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

At  Sunnjside,  on  the  north  side  of  Sum 
Dum  bay.  55  miles  from  Juneau,  the 
Oceanic  M  Co.  reports  development  work 
progressing.  The  shaft  is  down  25  feet 
and  hoisting  machinery  is  being  put  in. 
The  shaft  will  be  sunk  to  120  feet  and  the 
ledge  crosscut. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 
At  the  Wolverine  &  Arizona  mine,  Dear 
Bisbee,  Superintendent  S    Hunt  says  ad- 
ditional machinery,  including  a  compres- 
sor and  power  drills,  will  be  put  in. 

J.  G.  Pritchard  reportB  work  progress- 
ing on  the  Gold  Nugget  mine,  at  Port 
Bowie,  near  Bisbee.  The  ore  platforms  on 
the  Golden  Fleece  claim  and  on  the  Nug- 
get claims  have  been  completed,  and  a 
hoist  will  be  put  in  for  sinking  on  the 
Nugget. 

The  Benton  M  Co.  is  putting  in  hoist- 
ing machinery  on  the  Little  Devil  mine, 
near  the  Stonewall,  near  Tombstone. 
There  are  ten  men  at  work,  and  as  soon 
i  ,  the  hoiBt  is  running  the  number  will  be 
increased. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 
The  Irish  Syndicate  has  been  organized 
by  Clifton  men  to  develop  the  Irish  group 
cf  claims  on    Chase  creek,  near  Clifton, 
with  N.  L.  Lewis  as  manager. 

Work  is  under  way  on  the  aerial  tram- 
way for  the  Standard  copper  mines,  near 
Clifton.  The  distance  from  the  ore  bins 
at  the  mines  to  the  railroad  is  3200  feet, 
with  a  drop  of  800  feet.  The  tramway 
will  be  operated  by  gravity  and  is  ex- 
pi  cted  to  convey  the  ore  to  the  railroad 
for  5  cents  a  ton.  The  Standard  mines 
continue  their  usual  output. 

The  Arizona  C.  Co.  is  to  work  the  Hum- 
boldt mine  at  Morenci  and  the  Coronado 
mine  at  Metcalf  to  greater  depths,  says 
Manager  J.  Colquhoun. 

MOHAVE  COUNTY. 
Tuck  &  Co.  of  Needles,  Cal.,  have  started 
work  on  the  J.  H.  More  properties,  east 
of  Boundary  Cone,   near  Chloride,  which 
they  have  bonded. 

Sinking  continues  on  the  Vivian  mine, 
in  Snowball  camp,  near  Chloride,  owned 
by  J.  Ewing. 

'The  Cedar  Valley  M.  Co.,  in  Cedar  val- 
ley, near  Kingman,  will  develop  a  water 
supply  at  a  spring  in  the  mountain  above 
the  mines  and  carry  it  to  the  mill.  Sev- 
eral other  springs  will  also  be  developed 
and  as  as  soon  as  this  is  done  the  mill  will 
be  started  up  again,  Bays  the  Mohave 
Miner. 

The  German  -  American  mines,  near 
Kingman,  will  be  started  up  Oct.  1st. 
Later  a  milling  plant  will  be  built  at  the 
mines  and  the  ores  treated  by  cyanide  and 
amalgamation. 

Preparations  are  beine  made  to  put  in  a 
cyanide  plant  at  the  Great  West  mine, 
near  Chloride,  says  Resident  Manager  S. 
W.  Toby. 

The  Cedar  Forest  G.  &  C.  Co.  has  been 
organized  by  J.  Rice  and  F.  N.  Rust,  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  with  G.  C.  and  A.  E 
Davis  and  F.  W.  Morrison  of  Kingman,  to 
take  over  the  Davis  gold  and  copper 
mines,  near  the  Windmill,  at  the  head  of 
tbe  Big  Sandy.  Development  work  will 
begin  next  week. 

Work  has  been  started  on  the  Tyro 
group  of  mines,  near  Kingman,  by  Man- 
ager S.  DorBey  of  Lob  Angeles,  Cal.,  who 
holds  an  option.  He  will  run  a  tunnel  for 
100  feet  to  open  up  the  vein  at  100  feet  be- 
low the  apex.  The  group  is  7  miles  from 
the  Colorado  river. 

YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 
The  United  Verde  Copper  Co.  has  men 
at  work  on  the  two  new  500-ton  water- 
jacket  furnaces  they  are  building,  and  it  is 
expected  to  have  them  finished  this  month. 
The  smelter  at  the  United  Verde  mine 
in  Jerome  was  blown  in  laBt  week,  after 
being  closed  down  for  several  weeks  on 
account  of  not  being  able  to  get  a  suffi- 
cient supply  of  coke,  says  the  Journal- 
Miner.  The  coke  shipments  now  are  com- 
ing in  at  the  rate  of  fifteen  cars  a  day. 

G.  E  Moe  and  C.  C.  Farwell  have 
bought  the  Wright  interests  in  the  group 
of  four  claims  near  Kirkland,  operated  by 
the  Farwell  M.  Co. 

J.  H.  Robeson  of  Georgetown,  Colo., 
says  he  will  reopen  a  gold-copper  mine 
which  he  owns  in  the'  BradBhaw  moun- 
tains on  Castle  creek,  southeast  of  Pres- 
cott.     Machinery  will  be  put  in. 

L.  Pfau  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  president 
of  the  Pfau  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the  B.  B. 
mines  at  Cherry  creek,  says  they  are  pre- 
paring to  put  in  additional  machinery  for 
the  mine,  including  two  60  H,  P.  boilers, 
a  50  H.  P.  friction   gear  hoist,  capable  of 


sinking  to  depth  of  1000  feet,  a  six-drill  air 
compressor,  track,  ore  cars,  a  pump,  etc. 
The  two  compartment  vertical  shaft  1b 
down  172  feet,  and  they  expect  to  strike 
the  ledge  at  depth  of  230  feet. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

At  the  Defender  mine,  at  Defender,  in 
Pioneer  district,  F.  B  Joyce,  owner,  re- 
ports shipping  a  $4000  bar  of  gold  bullion, 
the  result  of  the  cleanup  of  August's  run 
of  the  10  stamp  mill. 

BUTTE    COUNTY. 

The  construction  of  a  tunnel  from  Butte 
creek,  near  Oroville,  to  drain  the  ridge  be- 
tween Big  and  Little  Butte  creeks,  is  pro- 
posed. On  this  ridge  was  the  Persehbaker 
(later  known  as  the  Magalia)  gold  mine. 
Owing  to  the  flow  of  water,  the  mine  had 
to  be  given  up.  Then  a  Bhaft  was  sunk  at 
heavy  expense  and  the  mine  worked  by 
pumping  the  water,  but  thia  was  aban- 
doned. On  and  along  this  ridge  are  an- 
cient channels  covered  by  lava,  and  the 
object  of  the  tunnel  projected  is  to  drain 
these  channels.  H.  H.  Yard  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, of  the  Butte  &  Plumas  Railway,  is 
said  to  be  back  of  the  proposition. 
CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

The  Stockton  Hill  mine,  near  Mokel- 
umne  Hill,  has  been  unwatered,  and  oper- 
ations will  be  under  way  next  week. 

Sinking  is  in  progress  at  the  Union  cop- 
per mine  at  Copperopolis,  and  at  the  900- 
foot  level  a  vein  of  ore  9  feet  wide  is 
reported  found,  assaying  6%  in  copper. 
There  are  twenty  men  working  at  the 
mine. 

EL  DORADO  COUNTY. 

Machinery  is  on  the  ground  for  devel- 
opment work  at  the  Ancient  Channel  M. 
Co.  mine  at  Latrobe. 

Preparations  are  being  made  to  reopen 
the  RosecraDS  mine,  at  Garden  Valley, 
sayB  the  Nugget. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 

The  Twenty-eight  Oil  Co.,  near  Coal- 
inga,    has  finished  its  No.  9  well  at  1200 

feet,  which  shows  well Section  Seven 

Oil  Co.  's  well  was  perforated  last  week  and 
is  flowing  intermittently,  often  throwing  a 
stream  of  oil  over  the  derrick.  This  well 
has  depth  of  1200  feet,  with  60  feet  of  oil 
aand,  says  the  Reporter.  It  is  estimated 
it  will  produce  300  barrels  of  oil  per  day. 

During  the  month  of  August  eleven 
new  wells  were  brought  in  in  Coalings  oil 
district  and  all  of  them  produce  at  least 
100  barrels  daily,  while  one  of  them  1b  said 
to  reach  1000  barrels  daily.  How  long 
these  wellB  will  continue  to  flow  at  thiB 
rate  is  not  known,  but  wells  in  this  field 
have  been  flowing  one  year  without  les- 
sening production.  Ten  new  wells  were 
started  during  the  month. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

The  Continental  Oil  Co.  of  Loa  Angeles 
has  secured  forty  acres  from  the  Bunker 
Hill  Co.  in  Kern  River  field,  near  Bakers- 
field,  and  has  let  the  contract  for  its  first 
well. 

Tbe  Merced  mine,  near  Randsburg, 
under  management  of  R.  W.  Cloud,  be- 
gan operations  last  week. 

The  Hope  Spring  and  Star  Hope  1,  2,  3 
and  4  mines,  in  Goler  district,  near  Rands- 
burg, have  been  sold  to  the  Bland  G.  M. 
Co 

R.  W.  Jameson,  of  Pennsylvania,  vice- 
president  and  manager  of  the  Lockhaven 
Oil  Co  ,  says  he  is  arranging  for  starting 
operations  on  their  ground  in  Midway 
district,  near  Sunset.  Fourteen  wells  will 
be  sunk,  and  work  will  begin  in  October. 
There  are  two  pipe  lines  on  the  property. 
The  company  is  made  up  of  Altoona, 
Pennsylvania  men. 

Twelve  thousand  barrels  of  heavy  Kern 
river  oil,  mixed  with  one-fourth  water, 
were  pumped  through  the  Standard  Oil 
Co.'s  Bakersfield-Point  Richmond  pipe 
line  from  the  Kern  river  field  to  Pond  in 
twenty  four  hours  one  day  last  week,  says 
the  Californian.  T  he  use  of  water  with  the 
oil  is  proving  successful.  The  maximum 
capacity  for  water  is  20,000  barrels  daily. 

The  Associated  Oil  Co.  reports  work 
progressing  on  their  San  Joaquin  lease, 
near  Bakersfield,  where  the  boiler  plant 
has  been  completed.  New  sump  holes  are 
being  dug  to  conserve  the  oil  with  the 
leaBt  evaporation,  steam  pipes  extended 
from  the  boiler  houses  to  each  well,  and 
arrangements  being  made  to  pipe  the  oil 
from  the  sump  holes  direct  to  tanks,  in- 
stead of  conveying  it  in  open  ditches  as 
heretofore.  The  company  is  producing 
2000  barrels  per  day  in  excess  of  ship- 
ments, which  are  being  run  into  storage 
tanks.  The  management  expects  the  new 
wellB  coming  in  will  enable  them  to  store 
at  least  1,000,000  barrels  of  oil  before  Jan. 
1st  next,  which  they  desire  to  carry  as  a 
reserve.  The  boiler  plant  consists  of  six 
70  H.  P  boilers.  Another  plant  with  four 
smaller  boilers  is  being  put  in  on  the  Cen- 
tral Point  lease,  where  fifteen  more  wells 
are  to  be  drilled  before  Oct.  1st,  says  the 
Californian. 


NEVADA  COUNTY. 
Operations  are  suspended  at  the  Mala- 
koff  miDe  at  North  Bloomfield,   says  Su- 
perintendent L.  L.  Myers.     It  is  thought 
the  shut  down  will  be  temporary. 

The  6  inch  pump  at  the  Murchie  mine, 
near  Nevada  City,  used  to  raise  water 
from  the  600  foot  to  the  400-foot  level, 
cannot  handle  the  water  coming  in,  and 
an  8-inch  pump  is  replacing  it.  From  the 
400  foot  level  to  the  drain  tunnel  a  10  inch 
pump  is  used. 

Superintendent  Brockington  of  the  New 
Orleans  M.  Co.,  on  Houston  Hill,  near  Ne- 
vada City,  says  the  tunnel  has  broken  into 
and  ia  unwatering  the  old  workings,  for 
which  they  have  been  driving. 

The  Nevada  City  mine,  one  of  the 
Champion  group,  near  Nevada  City,  has 
ceased  operations  for  the  present. 

G.   Bonney   has  bonded   the  L    C.  A. 
mine  at  Selby  Flat,  near  Nevada  City,  and 
will  increase  development  work. 
PLACER  COUNTY. 
A  company,  with  E.  Mallows  of  Keswick 
as  president,  is  reported  organized  to  op- 
erate on  the  gravel  channels  which   pass 
under  the  town  of  Dutch  Flat. 
PLUMAS  COUNTY. 
J.  M.  Engle  haB  bought  the  Tom  John- 
son placer  claim,  on  Mill  creek,  above  Rich 
bar,  near  Quincy. 

SACRAMENTO  COUNTY. 
The  Gray-Wing  mine,  near  Folaom,  is 
closed  down  temporarily  while  moving 
the  plant  to  a  new  shaft,  a  few  hundred 
yards  from  the  old  one.  It  will  resume 
full  operations  in  December. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 
The  Bennington  group  of  mines,  adjoin- 
ing the  Iron  Mountain  mine  on  the  north 
and  east,  near  Keswick,  has  been  bought 
by  the  Pittsburg  &  Mt.  Shasta  G.  M.  & 
M.  (  o.  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  B.  N.  Scott  pres- 
ident. They  will  begin  development  work 
next  week.  The  group  consists  of  nine 
claims,  including  the  Dorset,  Yorktown, 
Bennington  and  King.  The  Little  Nellie 
is  not  included  in  the  sale.  The  ore  car- 
ries copper,  gold  and  silver,  and  will  be 
Bhipped  to  the  smelter  at  Keswick.  The 
Iron  Mountain  Railroad  paasea  over  the 
property.  There  is  an  abundance  of  water 
and  timber. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 
Superintendent    J.    Connachie    of    the 
Kenton  mine,  on  Kanaka  creek,  near  Alle- 
ghany, has  suspended  operations   tempo- 
rarily. 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — The  Yuba 
M.  &  M.  Co.  have  shut  down  Indefinitely, 
pending  conclusion  of  lawsuits  against 
the  property.  The  merchants  of  Sawyer's 
Bar  and  the  townspeople,  also,  will  feel 
the  effects  of  this  shut-down.  The  com- 
pany had  a  successful  season  last  year 
and  made  a  good  mill  run,  covering  all 
expenses  and  the  cost  of  the  improve- 
ments put  in,  the  principal  one  being  the 
tramway  for  conveying  ore  from  the  Aida, 
Flora,  Blanche  and  Ohio  claims  to  the 
mill.  Patents  are  UDder  way  for  all  the 
company's  claims.  When  all  is  settled 
regarding  the  patents  and  pending  suits, 
the  company  will  resume. 

A.  J.  Ball  &  Co  are  putting  up  a  2- 
stamp  mill  on  the  Ida  May  mine,  adjoin- 
ing the  Yreka  M.  &  M.  Co.  's  property. 
The  Ida  May  has  a  good  shoot  of  ore  and 
enough  already  on  the  dump  to  pay  for 
the  mill  and  improvements. 

The  Hibernia  ledge,  in  Eddy's  gulch,  is 
being  developed  by  A.  Ford,  who  reports 

promising  results.- The  Salmon  River 

Hydraulic  M.  Co.  have  suspended  oper- 
ations on  the  Meyers  claim,  below  Saw- 
yer's Bar,  and  are  moving  their  plant  to 
Summerville,    where  they   have  a  large 

area  of  ground   to  work. At  the  Dan- 

nebrink    mine    at  Gilta  ten  stamps   are 

dropping  on  ore. The  King  Solomon 

mine  has  changed  hands. 
Rollin,  Sept.  5. 

C.  Saunders,  of  Sacramento,  last  week 
bought  a  group  of  claims  owned  by  Ta- 
coma  men,  at  Oro  Fino,  16  miles  from 
Yreka.  The  property  comprises  seven 
claims  and  shows  free  gold  ore. 

Manager  Draper,  owner  of  the  McKin- 
ley  mine,  on  Humbug  creek,  near  Haw- 
kinsville,  will  increase  development  work, 
says  Superintendent  Jamison. 

Superintendent  D.  B.  Jackson  has  men 
at  work  on  the  Oregon  G.  M.  &  M.  Co. 
ground  (formerly  the  China  Ock  mine), 
near  Fort  Jones.  He  will  put  in  a  sawmill 
alBO. 

The  Classic  Hill  mine  on  Indian  creek, 
12  miles  from  Happy  Camp,  near  Fort 
Jones,  will  be  operated  this  winter,  says 
Superintendent  Head. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 
The  Grizzly   mine,    near  Carters,    has 
shut  down,  and  only  the  pumps  are  run- 
ning. 

The  Starr  King  mine,   near  Carters,  is 
closed  down  temporarily  pending  repairs 
to  the  plant. 
Preparations  are  being   made   to  start 


the  mill  at  the  Longfellow  mine,  at  Big 
Oak  Flat,  and  more  miners  have  been  put 
on. 

The  line  for  a  tramway  from  the  Geor- 
giana  mine,  near  Carters,  to  the  Grizzly 
mill  has  been  surveyed  and  work  begun. 

C.  A.  Gillls  of  Sonora  is  reported  hav- 
ing bought  a  half  interest  in  the  Santls- 
Bima  quartz  mine  for  $10,000  and  will 
start  developments  this  month. 

Owing  to  the  bonding  parties  operating 
the  Los  Angeles  mine,  on  the  river  below 
the  Mohican,  near  Groveland,  failing  to 
meet  their  obligations,  work  on  the  mill 
and  mine  has  been  discontinued,  says  the 
Prospector. 

YUBA    COUNTY. 

The  California  Debris  Commission,  com- 
posed of  D.  P.  Heap,  Maj  or  Heuer  and 
Captain  Harts,  U.  S  A.  engineers,  having 
adjusted  the  differences  between  the  land 
owners  and  the  dredging  people  concern- 
ing the  proposed  improvement  of  the 
Yuba  river  at  Daguerre  Point,  12  miles 
east  of  Marysville,  work  will  resume  It 
is  proposed  to  build  two  barriers  above 
Daguerre  Point  to  hold  back  the  coarse 
mining  tailings  and  to  make  a  cut  at  the 
Point  so  as  to  carry  the  Yuba  river  out  to 
one  Bide  and  away  from  the  tailings  lying 
in  the  stream,  which  are  now  being 
washed  down  into  the  Sacramento  and 
Feather  rivers  to  the  detriment  of  navi- 
gation. After  tbe  Government  had  agreed 
to  purchase  title  to  the  land  involved  it 
was  discovered  that  part  of  the  land  was 
valuable  for  gold  dredging,  and  the  own- 
ers refused  to  deal  with  the  Government 
agents  sent  out  to  acquire  the  titles  to  the 
land  necessary  for  the  undertaking.  The 
contract  for  building  the  barriers  has 
been  awarded  to  S.  Montgomery  and  the 
work  of  making  the  cut  at  Daguerre 
Point  to  E.  Malley.  In  the  performance 
of  the  latter  contract  W.  P.  Hammon  & 
Co ,  operating  the  dredgers,  agree  to 
build  at  their  own  expense  certain  train- 
ing wallB  to  cost  $5000,  with  the  agree- 
ment that  they  will  be  permitted  to  carry 
on  their  gold  dredging  without  interrup- 
tion. 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

An  automatic  roaster  and  a  cyanide 
plant  will  be  put  In  at  the  Inter- Ocean 
mine,  near  Sunshine.  The  ore  Is  said  to 
run  $5  per  ton. 

There  are  100  men  at  work  at  the  Nancy 
G.  M.  &  T.  Co.  properties,  near  Wail 
Street.  '  The  crusher  in  the  mill  is  run- 
ning steadily.  Ore  is  being  hauled  from 
the  mine  at  the  rate  of  forty  tons  a  day, 
and  men  are  stoping  in  the  Last  Chance, 
Gray  Copper  and  Gillard  drifts  of  the 
Nancy  tunnel. 

The  Wood  Mountain  M.  &  M.  Co.,  near 
Wall  Street,  has  decided  to  build  a  cya- 
nide mill  to  treat  sixty  tons  of  ore  a  day. 
G.  M.  Gray,  president  of  the  company, 
Bays  in  a  basin  300  feet  below  the  mill,  the 
tailings  are  deposited  which  contain  50% 
of  the  original  value  of  the  ore,  and  this 
will  be  cyanided.  The  company  expects 
to  have  the  mill  ready  for  operations  in 
the  spring.  In  the  meantime  develop- 
ment continues  in  the  mine.  The  cross- 
cut tunnel  will  be  driven  500  feet  farther 
into  the  mountain.  It  is  in  1700  feet.  The 
Wood  Mountain  group  adjoins  the  Con- 
cord. 

The  Great  Western  M.  &  M.  Co.,  work- 
ing the  Miser's  Hoard  group  of  mines  in 
Gordon  gulch,  near  Sugar  Loaf,  has 
twenty-five  men  at  work  and  is  shipping 
fifteen  tons  of  ore  a  day.  The  ore  is  be- 
ing treated  at  the  Boyd  mill  in  Boulder. 
The  shaft  is  175  feet  deep,  the  lowest  level 
in  400  feet.  The  company  is  putting  in 
a  40  H.  P.  engine  and  50  H.  P.  boiler,  and 
has  bought  the  stamp  mill  at  Sunny  Side, 
which  is  being  removed  to  the  mine.  W. 
Rowen  is  manager  and  M.  Jones  superin- 
tendent. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

The  Capital  Prize  M.  Co,  operating  at 
Georgetown,  will  put  in  a  compressor 
plant  for  development  work. 

The  compressor  plant  going  up  at  the 
Sidney  tunnel,  near  Silver  Plume,  is  ex- 
pected to  be  finished  by  Oct.  1st. 

Regular  weekly  shipments  have  been 
resumed  from  the  Anglo-Saxon  Exten- 
sion. Stoping  is  carried  on  in  14  inches  of 
ore,  which  averages  $35  per  ton  in  gold. 

The  Red  Elephant  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  in  Denver  to  develop  two 
groups  on  Red  Elephant  mountain,  near 
LawBOn.  They  expect  to  start  operations 
this  month.  They  will  develop  the  larger 
group  by  an  adit  tunnel  on  one  of  the 
veins  and  a  crosscut  from  the  adit  will  cut 
the  entire  group  of  veins.  The  company 
will  also  continue  sinking  the  Bhaft  on  one 
of  the  lodes  on  the  flat,  says  Manager 
G.  B.  Sinclair. 

The  CasBatt-Homestake  G  M.  &  M.  Co. 
haB  been  incorporated  at  Idaho  Springs  to 
develop  a  group  of  six  claims  on  Santa  Fe 
mountain.  The  ore  shows  valueB  of  $6  a 
ton  in  gold,  and  it  haB  been  found  sus- 
ceptible to  cyanide  treatment.  Included 
in  the  sale  are    water    rights.      W.   A, 


J 


September  12,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


174 


Hamilton  of  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  Is  presi- 
dent, with  F  G  Watrous,  L.  W.  Herrln, 
K  Wter.  L.  E.  Cassatt,  A.  Norton  and  F. 
G.  Shaffer  as  directors.  L.  E.  Cassatt  is 
superintendent. 

The  New  Era  G  M  Co.  has  resumed 
work  on  the  Lone  Tree  tunnel,  near  Idaho 
Springs,  and  will  develop  the  Lone  Tree 
group  The  Lone  Tree  tunnel  has  been 
driven  800  feet  on  the  Great  Western  vein 
of  the  New  Era  Co.  Within  600  feet  the; 
expect  to  enter  the  Lone  Tree  lode  and 
will  drive  4500  feet  through  the  Lone 
Tree  and  Lone  Tree  Extension. 

B.  Bides  the  200  H  P.  hoist  being  placed 
on  the  Gem  shaft,  the  Con  Gem  M.  Co  , 
near  Idaho  Springs,  Is  also  putting  in  a 
compound  air  compressor  of  1000  cubic 
feet  capacity.  The  Silver  Age  mill  has 
been  dismantled  and  is  being  used  as  a 
compressor  plant.  The  company  has  two 
other  compressors  there,  one  of  800  cubic 
feet  capacity  and  the  other  400.  The  hoist 
on  the  Gem  shaft  will  be  operated  by  a 
160  H.  P.  electric  motor.  The  shaft  Is 
down  950  feet,  but  when  the  raise  connects 
with  the  shaft  It  will  have  a  depth  of  2000 
feet. 

CUSTER   COUNTY. 

Near  Silver  Cliff,  Preston,  Ray  &  Con- 
dell  report  opening  up  a  body  of  ore  in  the 
Bismuth  mine  assaying  200  ounces  of  sil- 
ver, 815  gold,  with  a  percentage  of  lead. 
The  ore  was  exposed  in  a  shaft  20  feet  in 
depth.     They  will  put  in  a  hoist. 

A  lead  prospect  on  Lead  hill,  near 
Querlda,  carrying  ceruslte,  has  been 
bought  by  the  Bogue  Lead  Co.  of  Denver. 
Improvements  are  under  way,  both  in  the 
mine  and  on  the  surface. 

DENVER  COUNTY. 

The  Grant  smelter  of  the  American  S. 
&  R  Co.  at  Denver  Is  closed,  without  any 
Immediate  prospect  of  resuming,  and 
three  furnaces  only  are  working  In  the 
Globe  plant.  The  intention  seems  to  be  to 
transfer  the  bulk  of  the  business  to  their 
plant  at  Pueblo. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

Christopher  &  Co.,  lessees  on  the  Wood 
uranium  property  In  Leavenworth  gulch, 
near  Central  City,  have  overhauled  their 
machinery  and  resumed  development. 
The  water  has  been  taken  out  and  after 
prospecting  the  levelB  they  may  deepen 
the  shaft. 

Sinking  operations  have  been  suspended 
at  the  Straub  mine  on  Gunnell  hill,  near 
Central  City,  and  the  shaft  is  down  430 
feet.  The  Icgalls  G.  M.  &  L.  Co.  will 
drive  levels  and  open  up  additional 
ground.  The  shaft  shows  a  vein  with  18 
Inches  of  milling  grade  ore,  reported  to 
carry  $15  per  ton.  The  smelting  ore 
shoot  averages  4  inches  wide  and  carries 
$100  to  the  ton.  Superintendent  Ballan- 
tyne  says  drifts  will  be  run  east  and  west 
and  a  crosscut  also  started. 

The  Elizabeth  M.  Co.,  operating  in 
Lake  and  Illinois  Central  districts,  near 
Central  City,  will  put  in  a  hoisting  plant 
at  the  Skelly  mine,  In  Illinois  Central  dis- 
trict. 

The  Wautauga  ml-  e,  in  Russell  dis- 
trict, near  Russell  Gulch,  is  being  oper- 
ated by  Bush  &  Co.  of  Idaho  Springs  un- 
der lease  and  bond  from  the  Old  Town 
Con.  M.  Co  .  with  N.  Pike  as  superin- 
tendent. He  has  thirteen  men  at  work 
and  has  cleaned  out  the  fifth  and  sixth 
levels,  and  is  taking  out  some  concentrat- 
ing ores,  which  are  being  shipped  to 
Idaho  Springs  by  wagon. 

B  G.  Granville  and  J.  L.  Hoefler  of 
Central  City  have  bought  the  Eagle  mill, 
at  the  mouth  of  Chase  gulch,  on  North 
Clear  creek,  at  Black  Hawk,  and  will  treat 
custom  ores.  The  mill  is  equipped  with 
thirty-five  rapid-drop  stamps. 
GUNNISON   COUNTY. 

At  the  Tin  Cup  mine,  near  Pitkin,  Man- 
ager A.  Lejune  reportB  striking  ore  assay- 
ing well  in  gold,  silver  and  lead.  The 
mine  is  owned  by  J.  J.  Mastin  &  Co.  of 
Kansas  City,  Mo.  The  strike  was  made 
north  of  the  deepest  workings  at  a  depth 
of  300  feet,  and  is  thought  to  be  the  shoot 
lost  trace  of  through  a  fault  encountered 
in  1880. 

The  C.  G.  Davis  group  of  placer  claims 
in  the  Box  Canyon  district,  near  Pitkin, 
has  been  leased  to  Moore  &  Hoff. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  Yak  tunnel  at  Leadville  Is  shipping 
on  an  average  2500  to  3000  tons  per 
month,  in  addition   to  1000  tons  handled 

by  lessees. The    No.   4  Ibex  shaft    Is 

completed  to  the  tunnel  level.  The  com- 
pany has  started  a  new  level — the  twelfth 
—100  feet  bel  w  the  old  one. 

Work  has  resumed  at  the  Bug  Gold 
mine,  near  Leadville,  says  Manager 
Dewey.  The  pumps  are  unwatering  the 
workings  and  the  shaft  will  be  put  down 
deeper.  Additional  territory  has  been 
secured. 

It  is  reported  operations  will  be  resumed 
on  the  Pilot  M.  Co  'a  group,  near  Lead- 
ville. The  intention  is  to  put  down  sev- 
eral diamond  drill  holes  to  test  the  forma- 
tion.   It  is  thought  that  conditions  below 


the  parting  quarlzlte  will  be  the  same  as 
those  found  in  the  downtown  area 

A.  Hahnewald  is  carrying  on  prospect 
work  In  the  Gray  ton  shaft  on  Poverty 
Flat,  near  Leadville,  and  opening  up  man- 
ganese Iron. 

OURAY    COUNTY. 

It  Is  reported  that  the  Barston  M  Co  , 
owning  the  Bobtail  mine  in  Commodore 
gulch,  has  decided  to  build  their  mill  at 
Ironton,  the  plant  to  be  completed  this 
season. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

Electric  rock  drills  will  be  put  In  at  the 
mines  of  the  Sultan  Mountain  M  &  M. 
Co  ,  near  Sllverton,  as  soon  as  the  build- 
ings are  completed.  The  company  In- 
tends to  complete  the  600-foot  tunnel  to  cut 
the  Molas  and  Junior  Warden  veins  and 
to  drift  2000  feet  on  the  Molas  vein,  says 
the  Sllverton  Standard.  The  electric 
generator  for  the  drills  will  be  run  by  a 
10  H.  P.  gasoline  engine. 

Rellly  Bros,  are  preparing  to  develop  a 
group  of  claims  in  Mill  gulch,  near  Chatta- 
nooga, including  the  Red  Buck,  Crown 
Point  and  the  Two  Macks. 

The  pipe  line  at  the  Highland  Mary 
mine,  near  Sllverton,  Is  expected  to  be 
finished  and  the  mill  In  operation  next 
week. 

The  Ransom  vein,  owned  by  the  Free- 
port  &  Cripple  Creek  Co.,  having  been 
exploited  by  the  crosscut  tunnel  In  Eureka 
mountain  at  Eureka,  all  work  will  be  con- 
fined to  Tower  mountain  properties — the 
Acme  group — on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
gulch  from  the  Ransom  mine,  says  the 
Sllverton  Standard.  The  development  of 
the  Ransom  vein  showed  20  feet  of  mill- 
ing ore  at  a  depth  on  the  vein  of  300  feet. 
The  Acme  tunnel  on  Acme  vein  No.  1  Is 
expected  to  cut  Acme  No  2  vein  at  500 
feet,  the  same  being  in  460  feet. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

The  Japan-Flora  M  &  T.  Co.  was  In- 
corporated last  week  by  D.  Swickbelmer, 
A.  J.  Clark,  W.  E.  Humphreys,  J.  Wil- 
kinson and  T.  W.  Beam  of  Denver,  to 
operate  mines  and  reduction  plants  in  San 
Miguel  county.  This  Is  the  reorganiza- 
tion of  the  Japan  M.  Co.  and  it  Is  expected 
work  will  be  started  on  a  mill  at  Pandora 
and  a  tramway  from  the  mouth  of  the 
lower  Japan  tunnel  to  the  reduction 
plant. 

Work  has  been  started  on  the  retaining 
dam  which  Is  to  be  built  by  the  Tomboy, 
Liberty  Bell  and  Smuggler-Union  mining 
companies  across  the  San  Miguel  river 
below  the  Liberty  Bell  mill,  J  mile  east  of 
Telluride.  It  will  be  80  feet  in  length,  12 
feet  In  width  and  7  feet  high.  Heavy 
lumber  will  be  used  In  the  construction 
and  stone  will  be  thrown  in  between  the 
sides.  Valves  will  be  set  at  equal  dis- 
tances and  the  tailings  that  accumulate 
during  the  winter  can  be  flushed  out  when 
there  Is  high  water  In  the  spring  and 
summer  months.  It  is  expected  the  work 
will  be  completed  by  Oct  1st.  This  dam 
is  being  built  as  the  result  of  a  threatened 
lawsuit  being  brought  against  the  above 
mentioned  companies  by  the  Keystone 
Hydraulic  M.  Co.  to  recover  damages 
caused  by  the  reduction  plants  of  the 
quartz  mining  companies  operating  above 
the  placer  mines  owned  by  the  latter  com- 
pany. It  was  alleged  that  during  the 
summer  and  fall  months  the  sand  and 
mineral  contained  in  the  tailings  damaged 
the  flumes  and  pipe  lines  of  the  placer 
company. 

J.  Ekman  of  Calumet,  Mich.,  manager 
of  the  H.  M.  H.  group  In  Bear  creek  basin, 
near  Telluride, says  development  is  opening 
up  ore  bodies  carrying  values  in  gold.  More 
men  are  being  put  on  and  stoping  ground 
will  be  opened  up.  It  is  not  probable, 
however,  that  ore  will  be  extracted  for 
milling  this  year,  but  next  spring  a  tram- 
way will  be  built  from  the  mine  to  the  10- 
stamp  mill,  a  distance  of  9000  feet.  Last 
week  Ekman  secured  an  option  on  a 
group  of  claims  in  Bridal  Veil  basin,  con- 
sisting of  seven  claims  and  a  reservoir  and 
mlllslte.  Besides  these  he  located  four 
other  claims  adjoining  the  group,  and  has 
men  working  assessments.  W.  Hutchin- 
son Is  mine  superintendent. 

J.  D.  Gale  of  Boston,  Mass  ,  says  he  will 
increase  development  work  on  the  Mary 
group  of  claims  in  Swamp  canyon,  near 
Ophir.  J.  Manifold  and  J.  W.  O'Brien 
are  also  interested,  and  have  had  men 
working  on  the  group  since  last  spring. 
The  ore  carrieB  gold,  silver,  lead  and  some 
copper.  "  The  veins  are  10  feet  in  width, 
with  a  pay  shoot  of  2  feet.  A  ci  osscut 
tunnel,  200  feet  in  length,  was  run,  which 
cut  the  veins  at  depth,  and  200  feet  of 
drifting  has  been  done  Ore  has  been  piled 
on  the  dump,  which  will  be  shipped  to  the 
smelters.  The  group  consists  of  seven  full 
claims  and  mlllsite.  Gale  Says  as  soon  as 
the  organization  of  the  company  Is  effected 
arrangements  will  be  made  for  putting  In 
a  milling  plant. 

At  Telluride,  H.  Buckley,  manager  of 
the  Silver  Bell  mine,  has  agreed  to  treat 
with  the  union  and  grant  the  men  an 
eight-hour  day,   provided  the  union  will 


not  attempt  to  dictate  to  him  the  number 
of  men  be  must  employ,  and  will  continue 
to  agree  to  a  fair  cut  In  their  scale  of 
wages  proportionate  to  the  reduction  In 
hours  The  management  of  the  Butterfly- 
Terrible  mine  refused  to  have  any  deal- 
ings with  the  union.  The  number  of  men 
at  the  Tomboy  mine  has  been  increased 
and  seventy-five  men  are  at  work.  About 
sixty  union  men  left  Telluride  on  the  9th 
Inst,  for  points  In  Utah  and  farther  west. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — About  I J 
mile  from  Breckeorldge,  on  Nigger  hill" 
Is  the  Washington  mill.  The  property 
consists  of  201  acres  of  patented  ground, 
20-stamp  mill  and  placer  ground.  They 
are  now  handling  fifty  tons  of  ore  through 
the  mill.  This  output  will  be  increased 
this  fall  by  the  erection  of  a  new  mill. 
The  tunnel  through  which  they  are  work- 
ing Is  1450  feet  In  length  The  ore  is 
taken  down  through  a  280-foot  shaft  to 
the  240  level,  and  there  taken  through  a 
mill  hole  115  feet  and  trammed  to  the  mill 
through  an  800-foot  tunnel.  The  mill  con- 
tains crusher,  stamps,  plates  and  tables. 
C.  S.  NewBom  Is  manager. 

Breckenrldge,  Sept  5. 

The  Clark-Relthmann  (Goldrlck)  prop- 
erty, consisting  of  placer  and  lode  claims 
and  improvements,  and  covering  1000 
acres  of  mining  ground  In  French  gulch 
and  near  Lincoln,  near  Breckenrldge,  was 
sold  last  week  at  sheriff's  sale  to  W.  Len- 
nox of  Colorado  Springs  for  $17,050. 

Manager  Whitehead  of  the  Providence- 
Colorado  group,  on  Gibson  hill,  at  Ko- 
komo,  has  ceased  drifting  and  resumed 
Binking.  The  300  feet  of  drifting  on  the 
vein  at  the  100  foot  level  shows  a  body  of 
milling  grade  ore. 

The  Monte  Cristo  group,  on  Mount 
Quandary,  near  the  head  of  the  Blue, 
near  Breckenrldge,  has  been  sold  to  the 
Quandary  Mountain  M  &  M.  Co.  forcash. 
T.  J.  Cooper  is  president  of  the  new  com- 
pany and  has  put  men  to  work  building 
roads,  bunk  and  boarding  houses,  after 
which  the  quarry  will  be  opened  and  a 
concentrating  mill  will  be  built.  In  the 
meantime,  If  a  mill  1b  necessary,  It  is 
thought  either  the  Jack  or  the  Eldorado 
mill  will  be  used,  says  the  Summit 
Journal. 

It  1b  reported  the  Union  mine  on  Gold 
Hill,  near  Kokomo,  will  resume.  The  ores 
carry  gold  and  lead. 

The  Robert  Emmett  group,  at  the  head 
of  Mayflower  gulch,  near  Kokomo,  has 
been  sold  to  M.  Miller  et  al.  of  Cripple 
Creek.  The  Emmett  group  embraces 
three  full  claims  and  is  near  the  Gold  Belt 
mine,  the  M.  K.  C.  and  Bird's  Nest 
groups.  The  Emmett  ore  shows  gold,  sil- 
ver and  copper  values.  Work  will  begin 
next  week. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

The  Cripple  Creek  drainage  tunnel, 
which  has  been  in  process  of  construction 
since  January,  1903,  was  completed  and 
put  In  operation  Sept.  6  Under  Superin- 
tendent Bainbrldge,  the  valves  In  the 
bulkheads  were  opened.  The  flow  was 
2500  gallons  a  minute.  Later  in  the  day 
work  was  begun  on  the  northern  heading, 
a  connecting  branch,  and  when  this  la 
completed  it   Is  estimated    the  flow  will 

reach  4000  gallons With  military  pro 

tection,  the  Findley,  Strong  and  C.  K.  & 
N.  mines  were  reopened  on  the  8th  lost., 
giving  employment  to  eighty  men.  The 
managers  of  those  properties  say  they  can 
obtain  all  the  men  they  need,  and  will  in- 
crease the  number. The  Mine  Owners' 

Association  has  announced  that  no  mem- 
bers of  the  Western  Federation  of  Miners 
will  be  employed  In  any  of  the  properties 
owned  by  members  of  the  Association. 
The  Federation  influence  on  the  prosper- 
ity of  the  district  has  been  pernlciouB,  ac- 
cording to  the  mine  owners,  who  openly 
declare  that  they  will  no  longer  tolerate 
ltB  alleged  dictation  The  union  officials 
are  still  confidently  aggressive.  It  is  re- 
ported the  mine  owners  have  arranged 
with  railroads  for  reduced  rates  for  labor- 
ers from  southwestern  Missouri,  and  It  Is 
expected  that  miners  will  be  brought  from 
the  Joplln  lead  district  to  take  the  places 
of  strikers.  A  small  force  of  men  began 
breaking  ore  In  Stratum's  Independence 
mine  on  the  9th  Inst.,  and  the  military 
guard  line  was  extended  to  embrace  this 
property.  Operations  were  also  resumed 
on  leases  in  the  Vindicator  and  Hull  City 
placer  ground.  A  petition  is  said  to  be  In 
circulation  among  the  miners  of  the  dis- 
trict asking  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  for  a  charter  for  a  miners'  union, 
the  purpose  being  to  enable  the  miners, 
as  union  men,  to  return  to  work,  under 
union  conditions,  for  employers  against 
whom  they  have  no  grievance 

Air  drills  were  put  at  work  last  week  In 
the  tunnel  on  Grouse  mountain,  near 
Cripple  Creek,  by  the  Big  Turkey  M.  Co., 
operating  a  group  of  claims  there.  The 
tunnel  will  be  driven  1000  feet  before  any 
lateral  work  is  done. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Enterprise  Co.,  op- 
erating the  Deadwood  mine  at   Cripple 


Creek  under  lease,  working  through  No. 
1  shaft,  Is  taking  out  three  carloads  of  ore 
per  week  which  averages  two  ounces  gold 
per  ton.  The  ore  is  being  mined  300  feet 
from  tbe  shaft  on  the  415-foot  level,  where 
a  vein  3  feet  wide  has  been  uncovered. 
Some  sylvanite  Is  found.  The  Enterprise 
Co.  holds  a  lease  on  the  Deadwood  from 
the  400  foot  level  down  and  on  the  Tra- 
chyte claim,  which  adjoins  the  Deadwood, 
from  the  400-foot  level  to  the  surface,  and 
both  claims  are  being  operated  from   No. 

1  shaft  on  the  Deadwood.  The  same  com- 
pany is  operating  under  the  streets  and 
alleys  of  Cripple  Creek. 

The  output  of  Cripple  Creek  district 
for  August  is  given  below.  The  large 
amount  of  ore  handled  Is  explained  by  the 
fact  that  all  tbe  mills  carry  a  reserve,  and 
all  of  It  1b  Cripple  Creek  ore.  Bays  the 
Cripple  Creek  Times.  This  reserve  ton- 
nage was  handled  during  the  month,  and 
will  be  counted  as  having  been  sent  out 
from  the  camp  during  August.  The  mines 
produced  and  shipped  out  ore  until  tbe 
10th  of  August,  and  Blnce  then  only  Inter- 
mittent shipments  have  gone  out,  and 
these  were  for  the  most  part  sent  out  by 
lessees.  The  output  would  have  reached 
$2,000,000  had  not  the  strike  been  de- 
clared. During  July  the  gross  output 
amounted  to  $1,866,900,  with  a  tonnage  of 
56,300  The  following  table  shows  the 
output  figures : 

Total 

Plant.  Tons.       Value. 

Smelters 4,665      $303,225 

United  States  R  &  R.  Co.  7,000        216,000 

Telluride 5,000        1 60,000 

Economic 3,400  88  400 

Portland 4,075        122  250 

Dorcas  (estimated) 2,600         87  500 

Globe 1,800  9,000 

Glllett 450  1.800 

Ingham 600  2.880 

Other  cyanide  plants 300  1,500 

Totals 29,790      $982,555 

At  Cripple  Creek  the  shaft  of  the  Molly 
Kathleen  mine,  adjoining  the  Gold  King, 
on  Womack  hill,  1b  to  be  deepened  to  the 
1000-foot  point. 

The  Eclipse  shaft  house,  owned  by  tbe 
Sunset-Eclipse  Con.  M.  Co.,  on  the  north 
slope  of  Battle  mountain,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  was  destroyed  by  fire  last  week. 
Loss  $15,000.  The  property  was  under 
lease  to  G.  Keener.  The  fire  is  supposed 
to  have  started  from  live  coals  from  the 
boilers,  as  the  lessees  banked  their  fires 

IDAHO. 

BANNOCK  COUNTY. 

At  Pocatello,  the  Fort  Hall  M.  &  M. 
Co.,  L.  A.  West,  has  decided  to  put  In  an 
air  compressor  and  machine  drills.  In  a 
tunnel  825  feet  long,  two  veins  have  been 
cut,  one  19  feet  and  the  other  35  feet  wide, 
the  ore  being  copper-bearing  and  Bhowing 
some  silver  and  gold. 

On  the  Moonlight  mine,  east  of  Poca- 
tello, copper  ore  is  being  saved  for  ship- 
ment to  tbe  smelter  at  Mackay.  A  10- 
mile  wagon  haul  Is  necessary.  The  Moon- 
light has  opened  a  copper  deposit  5  feet  In 
thickness,  with  a  tunnel  into  an  extension 
of  Mount  Putnam. 

The  Fort  Hall  M.  Co  ,  12  miles  east  of 
Pocatello,  have  a  tunnel  driven  In  1200 
feet.  At  the  West  mine,  5  miles  to  the 
north,  Bllver  values  are  being  obtained. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 
The  Cambridge  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated at  Hal'ey  to  operate  a  group  of 
seven  placer  claims  and  a  water  right 
near  the  head  of  Little  Smoky  and 
Smoky-Bullion  creeks,  above  the  Revis 
placer  claims  near  Hailey,  says  the  Wood 
River  Times.  H.  A  Walter,  C.  C.  Ruth- 
rauff,  C  Hernsheim,  I.  J.  Wadley  and  W. 
A.  Brodhead  are  directors.  Superinten- 
dent Wadley  has  begun  the  work  of  mak- 
ing ditches,  flumes,  etc  ,  and  to  get  ready 
for  hydraullcklng  in  the  spring. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

The  Checkmate  mine  at  Pearl  has  been 
sold  to  E  H.  Dewey,  who  says  he  will  con- 
solidate the  Checkmate  and  Levan  claims 
under  one  management.  A  greater  depth 
can  be  attained  from  the  bottom  of  the 
Checkmate  shaft  than  from  any  of  the 
other  workings  at  Pearl.  This  shaft  is 
down  270  feet,  which  gives  a  depth  on  the 
vein  of  400  feet  from  the  Burface.  He  will 
sink  the  shaft  another  100  feet,  then  drift 
on  the  vein  both  east  and  west  and  the 
shaft  will  continue  down.  Cross  cutting 
south  to  explore  the  parallel  ledges  known 
to  exist  In  adjoining  claims  belonging  to 
the  Checkmate  will  also  be  done. 

C.  F.  DU1  of  Greenville,  S.  C  ,  and  his 
associates  propose  to  develop  a  series  of 
coal  deposits  which  they  have  located 
near  Garden  Valley.  An  electric  road 
will  be  built  from  Boise  to  Pearl  and  up 
the  Payette  river  to  Garden  Valley.  The 
coal  is  a  lignite. 

The  Gold  Coin  M.  Co.  will  build  a  road 

2  miles  long,  from  Lager  Beer  gulch,  on 
the  Forest  King  road,  to  their  mines  on 
the  east  side  of  Washington  gulch,  near 


175 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


Idaho  City,  says  Superintendent  Emery. 
The  company  will  put  up  a  sawmill  and 
quartz  mill  this  fall,  the  latter  to  have  a 
capacity  of  60  tons  daily.  A  hoisting 
plant  will  also  be  put  in.  Besides  Binking 
on  the  Blue  Bell,  they  will  start  work 
this  fall  on  a  tunnel  to  tap  the  ledgeB  at 
depth  and  they  propose  next  summer  to 
build  an  electric  plant  on  More  creek, 
says  the  Idaho  World. 

The  Big  Ledge  group,  in  Deer  Creek 
mining  district,  has  been  bonded  to  J.  H. 
Richards,  of  Boise,  for  $160,000.  The 
water  right  on  More's  creels  is  also  in- 
cluded in  the  transfer. 

IDAHO   COUNTY. 

Near  Warren  the  Silver  King  and  Key- 
stone mines  are  being  operated  under  one 
management.  On  the  latter  there  are 
sixteen  men  openiog  up  the  mine  and  a 
small  mill  will  be  placed  this  month.  At 
the  Silver  King  the  mill  is  running 
steadily  and  table  concentrators  are  used. 
The  concentrates  are  being  saved  until 
next  year,  when  they  will  put  In  a  plant 
for  extracting  their  values,  which  aver- 
age $100  per  ton.  There  are  ten  stamps 
in  the  mill  and  next  season  they  will 
Increase  the  number.  They  are  crush- 
ing forty  tons  per  stamp  per  day.  There 
are  twenty  men  on  the  Silver  King. 

Manager  Hathaway  reports  at  the 
Golden  Rule  placers  on  Grouse  creek,  near 
Warren,  they  have  in  the  course  of  their 
placer  work  cut  through  a  body  of 
bituminous  coal  25  feet  thick  which  is,  300 
feet  wide  at  that  point. 

In  the  Marshal  Lake  district,  near 
Grangeville,  D.  Strong  of  Denver,  Colo., 
has  a  working  bond  on  the  Irwin  group  of 
four  claims  for  $25,000.  He  will  develop 
the  claims,  on  which  is  said  to  be  a  2  foot 
vein,  free  milling  and  assaying  $30. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 
The  shaft  in  the  Afterthought  mine  on 
Mahogany  flat,  on  War  Eagle  mountain, 
neat  Silver  City,  is  down  430  feet,  having 
cut  the  ledge  at  that  point.  A  station  was 
cut  at  the  400-foot  level  and  a  crosscut 
showed  the  vein  2  feet  wide.  Drifting 
south  on  it  will  be  Btarted.  The  water 
flowing  into  the  shaft  is  handled  by  bail- 
ing skip. 

SHOSHONE    COUIiTY. 

Manager  Steen  of  the  Granite  &  Allie 
G.  M.  Co.,  near  Murray,  says  he  has  the 
cyanide  plant  in  operation.  The  reduc- 
tion plant  consists  of  a  10-stamp  battery, 
from  which  the  pulp  (not  fine  crushed), 
passes  to  a  5-foot  Huntington  mill.  No 
amalgamation  is  done.  The  pulp  from 
the  Huntington  is  conveyed  in  an  iron 
pipe  to  the  two  cyaniding  vats.  At  the 
mine  the  shaft  is  down  100  feet  and  show- 
ing a  6-foot  ledge. 

The  Elk  Star  group  of  claims  on  French 
gulch,  near  Elk  City,  and  near  the  Amer- 
ican Eagle,  Boyer  Mill  and  Blue  Ribbon 
mines,  has  been  sold  to  Spokane  men, 
who  have  incorporated  the  Elk  Star  G. 
M.  Co.  The  price  paid  is  said  to  be  $20,- 
000.  The  incorporators  are  H.  W.  Green- 
berg,  G.  C.  Beck,  R.  E.  Hutchinson,  J. 
Harris  and  G.  M.  Davis.  They  will  start 
development  work  next  week. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Lake  Superior 
Smelting  Co. ,  near  Calumet,  shows  that 
last  year'a  product  of  the  Tamarack 
amounted  to  7125  gross  tons  of  copper, 
while  the  product  of  the  Osceola  was  5989 
gross  tons. 

It  is  reported  negotiations  are  under 
way  for  a  consolidation  of  the  Copper 
Range  Con.  C.  Co.  and  the  Trimountain 
properties,  south  of  Houghton. 

The  August  output  of  the  Atlantic 
mine,  at  Fainesdale,  is  given  at  299  tons 
of  copper. 

The  August  production  of  the  Franklin 
mine,  at  Hancock,  amounted  to  367  tons 
of  copper,  as  compared  with  376  tons  dur- 
ing July. 

That  the  Arcadian  mine,  near  Hancock, 
Is  to  explore  for  the  conglomerate  on 
which  the  Franklin  Junior  is  working  is 
erroneous,  says  the  News.  The  lode  has 
already  been  cut  in  two  places  from  the 
St.  Mary's  shafts  at  depth  of  300  feet  and 
was  found  barren.  The  Franklin's  values 
are  at  greater  depth,  the  seventeenth 
level  being  the  best.  The  Arcadian  shafts 
are  dismantled,  the  tracks  pulled  up,  and 
are  being  allowed  to  fill  with  water.  The 
compressor,  etc.,  still  on  the  property, 
are  sufficient  for  exploratory  work.  There 
Is  a  tract,  aggregating  1  square  mile,  still 
unexplored. 

The  Copper  Range  Con.  C.  Co.  report 
labor  is  so  scarce  that  a  carload  of  men 
were  brought  from  Chljago  last  week  to 
work  on  the  new  South  Range  smelting 
plant  at  Houghton.  At  present  225  men 
are  employed  and  foundations  are  going 
in. The  August  output  of  their  Cham- 
pion mine  at  Palnesdale  amounted  to  738 
tons  of  copper,  and  the  Baltic  mine  667 
tons. 

The  output  for  month  of  August  of  the 


Wolverine  mine,   at  Kearsarge,   was  517 
tons,  935  pounds  of  refined  copper. 

Two  miners  report  the  discovery  of 
workable  Iron  ore  outcrops  near  Coving- 
ton. The  district  lies  In  a  direct  line  be- 
tween the  westernmost  limits  of  the  Mar- 
quette range  and  the  easternmost  mines 
of  the  Gogebic  range,  says  the  News. 

During  the  past  two  years  the  Wolver- 
ine mine  at  Kearsarge  has  increased  its 
output  of  ingot  copper  by  41%,  the  last 
annual  report  covering  the  year  ended 
June  30  showing  a  product  for  the  twelve 
months  of  8,260,386  pounds  of  refined  cop- 
per, as  compared  with  4,907,646  pounds 
for  the  year  ended  June  30,  1901,  says  the 
News.  During  the  last  fiscal  year  the 
mill  turned  out  11,330,370  pounds  of  min- 
eral, as  compared  with  5,852,646  In  1900-01. 
The  present  rock  supply  is  being  entirely 
drawn  from  the  Kearsarge  lode.  As  a 
reserve  there  are  the  Osceola  amygdaloid 
and  Kearsarge  conglomerate  lodes,  these 
on  the  Wolverine  property  traversing 
1250  feet  in  width.  The  output  of  refined 
copper  for  the  present  year  is  expected  to 
reach  10,000,000  pounds. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  Phoenix  mine  rock  bins  at  Phoenix 
are  full  and  the  mill  will  start  next  week. 

The  August  production  of  the  Mohawk 
mine,  near  Allouez,  amounted  to  333  tons 
420  pounds  copper. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 

At  the  Adventure  mine,  at  Greenland, 
No.  3  Bhaft  is  nearing  the  ninth  level  and 
showing  richer  at  the  bottom.  It  Ib  said 
the  lode  in  the  Adventure  bluff  la  prac- 
tically worthless,  because  the  formation  Is 
so  badly  broken.  The  mill  Is  running 
steadily. 

MISSOURI. 

JASPER    COUNTY. 

The  powder  shortage  has  been  relieved 
and  properties  which  were  shut  down 
have  resumed. 

The  Oliver  Lease  Prospecting  Co.  's  65- 
acre  tract,  adjoining  the  Lincoln  mine, 
northwest  of  Zincite,  has  been  Bold  for 
$34,000  to  E.  G.  Rankin  and  J.  L.  Boogher 
of  St.  Louis.  Besides  the  lease  the  sale 
Includes  two  mines  producing  $1000  net 
per  week,  says  the  News.  They  have 
started  work  and  will  build  a  mill  and  in- 
crease the  output.  J.  F.  Boyd  of  Car- 
thage is  superintendent. 

At  Carterville  the  Minnie  R.  M.  Co., 
composed  of  W.  E.  McCuley  and  W.  A. 
Rhea,  Is  building  a  mill  on  the  Plutocrat 
lease.  They  have  a  run  of  12  feet  of  soft 
ground  at  the  190-foot  level,  from  which 
they  expect  to  make  six  tons  of  ore  per 
shift,  and  another  In  sheet  ground  at  198 
feet.  There  Is  one  vein  of  jack  14  inches 
in  thickneBB.  They  expect  to  have  the 
mill  in  operation  by  Oct.  1. 

The  Barrister  M.  Co.  of  Joplin  and  the 
John  Durby  M.  Co.  of  Carterville  have 
been  Incorporated. 

The  Lyon  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  of  Joplin  was 
incorporated  last  week  by  B.  W.  Lyon, 
E.  D.  Nix  and  C.  W.  Bartlett  of  Joplin. 

The  S.  H.  &  H.  mine  at  Badger  is  de- 
veloping ore.  A  pump  has  been  put  In. 
They  have  a  face  of  ore  measuring  50  feet. 
The  drift  Is  30  feet  wide. 

STONE  COUNTY. 

At  Galena,  J.  C.  Moore,  S.  Cooper,  G. 
W.  Webb  and  J.  W.  Tate,  who  are  pros- 
pecting on  the  city  market  square,  report 
opening  up  a  prospect  at  depth  of  34  feet. 
They  are  drifting  on  an  18-foot  face  of 

MONTANA. 

BEAVERHEAD  COUNTY. 

A.  J.  Noyes,  manager  of  the  Ajax  G. 
M.  Co.,  near  Dillon,  says  he  will  increase 
the  capacity  of  the  mill  to  ten  stamps  and 
will  also  build  a  4000-foot  wire  tramway 
this  fall.  The  mill  is  expected  to  be  com- 
pleted by  Nov.  1st. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 
C.  Little  has  bought  the  Hazelton   and 
Marichette  mining  claims,  In  Cone  Butte 
district,  near  Lewiston. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

The  Red  Bird  M.  Co  ,  operating  the 
Punches  mines,  12  miles  west  of  Helena, 
reports  a  strike  of  high-grade  copper  ore. 
This  mine  was  originally  operated  as  an 
Iron  proposition,  the  product  being  used 
as  a  flux  at  the  smelter;  but  with  depth 
copper  values  are  said  to  be  Increasing. 

Work  on  the  mill  for  the  Farmer  group 
In  Scratch  Gravel  district,  5  miles  from 
Helena,  has  begun.  The  shaft  Is  down 
200  feet  and  the  lead  at  that  point  is  7  feet 
wide,  the  ore  averaging  $6  per  ton. 

Work  will  be  resumed  on  the  iron  claim 
In    the    Scratch     Gravel    district,     near 
Helena,  owned  by  M.  H.  Gerry  of  Helena. 
MADISON  COUNTY. 

C.  E.  Damours,  manager  of  the  Da- 
mours  G.  M.  Co.  at  Summit,  near  Virginia 
City,  says  he  has  increased  the  number  of 
men  at  work  in  their  mines. 

MISSOULA  COUNTY. 

W,  B.  Tilden,  manager  of  a  Baltimore 


company,  has  bought  the  Copper  Cliff 
mine,  near  Bonita,  for  $50,000.  They  are 
Bald  to  be  also  negotiating  for  the  pur- 
chase of  adjoining  claims. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Copper  Cliff 
group  of  claims,  near  Bonita,  has  been 
sold  to  Manager  Tilden  of  Baltimore,  Md., 
of  an  Eastern  company.  There  are  sev- 
eral thousand  tons  of  ore  on  the  dump 
which  is  said  to  run  7%  copper. 

SWEET  GRASS  COUNTY. 
A  deposit  of  marble  is  reported  found  in 
the  Dear  Creek  section,  near  Big  Timber, 
by  R.  F.  Beal.  The  stone  in  the  rough 
is  translucent  and  workable.  Consider- 
able gypsum  is  said  to  accompany  the 
marble. 

NEVADA. 

LINCOLN   COUNTY. 

G.  L.  Hardiaon  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
has  thrown  up  his  bond  on  the  Campbell 
property,  In  Crescent  mountain,  near 
Searchlight,  and  has  a  bond  on  the  Edna 
mine,  says  the  Searchlight. G.  Sim- 
mons is  working  his  turquoise  mine  and 
also  a  gold  mine,  near  Grossman's  Springs. 

The  Searchlight  M  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  under  Arizona  laws  to  de- 
velop the  Peerless  group,  owned  by  Day 
&  Landon,  with  G.  I.  Myers  of  Leadville, 
Colo.,  as  president. 

Acting  under  orders  from  headquarters 
in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  the  Big  Bug  and 
Little  Bug  mines,  near  Searchlight,  closed 
down  last  week,  says  the  Searchlight. 

The  mill  at  the   Homestake  mine,  in 
Deer  Lodge  district,  near  Statellne,  is  ex- 
pected to  be  in  operation  this  month. 
STOREY  COUNTY. 

The  work  of  reopening  the  Ward  mine 
at  Virginia  City  began  last  week  and  men 
are  overhauling  the  machinery,  etc. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

The  Jumper  mine  at  OlinghouBe,  near 
Wadsworth,  is  to  be  worked  by  Jellnek  & 

Jackson. Golding    &    Fraser  will  put 

men  on  at  the  Hutchinson  mine. 

The  No.  2  mine,  In  Olinghouse  canyon, 
near  Wadsworth,  has  been  bonded  for 
$35,000  to  Manager  Onn,  who  will  begin 
operations  next  week, 

NEW    MEXICO. 

GRANT    COUNTY. 

Work  is   reported   progressing   at  the 

Casino  group,   near  Silver  City,  by  the 

owners,    T.   N.  StebbinB  &  Co.     Grading 

for  the  mill  is  finished,  and  it  is  expected 

the  cyanide  process  will  be  used. T. 

Carter,  lessee  of  the  St.  Louis  mine  in  the 
Burros  mountains,  is  taking  out  ore,  and 
regular  shipments  will  begin  next  week. 

Portwood  &  Moses  have  a  lease  on  two 

claims  lying  on  either  side  of  the  Pactolus 
mine,  and  one  of  them  they  have  Bub- 
leased  to  Albert  Owen  of  Santa  Rita. 

TAOS   COUNTY. 

The  Cashier  M.  &  M.  Co.  is  operating  a 
group  of  claims  in  Anchor  district,  near 
Red  River.  The  ore  Is  low-grade  and 
free  milling,  and  the  company  proposes  to 
build  a  mill  this  fall,  says  the  New  Mexi- 
can. M.  A.  Bralden  of  La  Jara,  Colo.,  is 
president. 

In  Rio  Hondo  district  the  San  Cristobal 
Copper  Co.  of  West  Virginia  is  developing 
a  group  of  twenty  claims.  An  experi- 
mental cyanide  mill  is  in  operation,  and  it 
is  expected  later  on  to  build  a  plant  with 
capacity  of  200  tons  per  day. 

OREGON. 

BAKER    COUNTY. 

Manager  L.  G.  LUley  of  the  Baby  McKee 
M.  Co.,  near  Sumpter,  says  the  Last 
Chance  hoist  building  Is  finished  and  the 
machinery  Is  being  set  up. 

A  4-foot  ore  body  on  the  Cleveland  drift 
from  the  Standard  tunnel  is  reported 
opened  up  at  the  Standard  mine,  near 
Sumpter.  The  Bhoot  gives  values  in  gold 
and  cobalt,  especially  the  latter,  says  the 
Sumpter  Miner.  E.  W.  Mueller,  manager 
of  the  Standard  Con.  M.  Co.,  says  crystals 
of  remlngtonite,  a  rare  cobalt  mineral, 
have  also  been  found. 

W.  Cable,  superintendent  of  the  Adelene 
mine  in  the  Cracker  Creek  district,  near 
Sumpter,  says  development  work  is  pro- 
gressing, and  preparations  will  be  made  to 
put  in  a  mill. 

Manager  T.  F.  Barbee,  of  the  Crown 
Point  mine.  Cable  Cove  district,  near 
Sumpter,  says  operations  will  be  resumed. 
The  lower  tunnel  will  be  driven  another 
200  feet,  which,  according  to  survey,  will 
cut  the  main  vein  of  the  group.  This  tun- 
nel is  in  750  feet  and  will  reach  the  ledge 
at  a  depth  of  650  feet.  Next  season  a  re- 
duction plant  will  be  built. 

DQUGLAS  COUNTY. 
The  North  Fairview  M.  Co.,  W.  Faber, 
of  Albany,  president,  report  striking  a 
body  of  ore  carrying  values  in  free  gold. 
On  the  Maine,  one  of  the  14  claims  owned 
by  the  company  near  Bohemia,  a  ledge  4 
feet  wide  has  been  opened.  H.  Leigh  Is 
manager. 


GRANT  COUNTY. 

At  Susanville,  Sorenson  &  Sons  of 
Greenhorn,  who  have  a  bond  on  the  Big 
Snort  mine,  have  work  under  way. 

The  Crane  Flat  placer  mines  are  under 
option  toF.  Burb'rldge  and  A.  Burch,  who 
are  developing  the  Independence  mine. 
These  placers  are  5  miles  northwest  of 
Granite,  on  Crane  Flat,  and  cover  several 
hundred  acres.  Burbridge  &  Burch  are 
arranging  for  thoroughly  prospecting  the 
ground,  and  It  is  intended  to  work  the 
gravel  with  a  dredger,  should  the  tests 
prove  satisfactory. 

T.  P.  Carson,  who  Is  working  the  Mil- 
waukee placers,  near  Granite,  this  season, 
reports  operations  progressing.  He  had 
to  clean  out  5  miles  of  ditch,  as  there  had 
been  no  water  through  It  for  several 
years. 

The  Western  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  has  been 
Incorporated  by  A.  B.  Campbell  and  A. 
Burch  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  and  F.  I.  Dut- 
ton,  E.  F.  Whittum  and  M.  J.  Berry  of 
Augusta,  Me.,  to  operate  holdings  In 
Granite  Creek  district,  near  Granite. 
JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

A  strike  is  reported  made  last  week  at 
the  Granite  Hill  mines  of  Louise  Creek 
district,  near  Grant's  Pa9S,  owned  and  be- 
ing developed  by  the  American  G.  Fields 
Co.,  of  Chicago,  111.,  W.  J.  Morphy,  man- 
ager. In  running  a  drift  on  the  125-foot 
level  to  connect  the  bottom  of  the  vertical 
Bhaft  with  the  drift  an  11-foot  vein  has 
been  opened,  carrying  values  in  free  gold 
and  sulphurets.  The  boiler  and  other  ma- 
chinery has  been  set  up,  and  the  air  com- 
pressor and  drills  will  be  at  work  this 
week.  The  Bhaft  will  be  continued  down 
to  600  feet.  The  5-stamp  mill  is  crushing 
rock  from  the  stope  on  the  135  foot  level. 
A  10  stamp  mill  of  1000  pound  stamps  is 
going  up. 

The  Eureka  mine,  on  Soldier  Creek, 
near  Grant's  Pass,  has  reverted  to  its  for- 
mer owner  and  A.  F.  Nel9on  is  manager, 
and  will  increase  developmsnt  work.  The 
mine  is  equipped  with  a  10-stamp  mill. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  Wright  of  the  Extreme 
M.  Co.,  owner  of  the  Minnie  May  mine, 
Bays  he  will  increase  development  and  re- 
duction work.  The  company  owns  200 
acres  of  ground  3  miles  northwest  of  Cus- 
ter. A  few  men  are  at  work  pending  com- 
pletion of  a  sawmill,  with  which  the  com- 
pany will  saw  lumber  to  be  used  in  build- 
ing a  10-stamp  mill.  There  is  a  large  ton- 
nage of  free-milling  concentrating  ore  on 
the  dump  which  assays  $6. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

J.  C.  Sherman  &  Co.  are  getting  the 
Amma  Queen  mill  ready  for  operations  at 
the  Amma  Queen  mine,  near  Custer  Peak. 
This  mine  has  shown  a  ledge  of  free- 
milling  ore. 

Superintendent  R.  Fitzgerald  of  the 
Reliance  M.  Co  haB  men  at  work  grading 
for  a  millslte  on  Annie  creek,  near  Dead- 
wood.  The  site  is  200  feet  north  of  the 
main  working  tunnel  on  the  property  of 
the  former  University  Co.  The  plant  will 
contain  three  Chilian  mills,  each  having 
capacity  of  seventy-five  tons  daily.  The 
Burlington  Railway  Co.  will  build  in  to 
the  site  from  the  Juno  spur,  a  distance  of 
about  1600  feet,  to  deliver  coal  and  freight. 
F.  W.  Medbury  is  manager. 

Manager  M.  R.  Maloney,  of  the  Phcenlx 
M.  Co.,  operating  on  Black  tall  gulch  near 
Deadwood,  says  they  expect  to  begin  con- 
struction on  their  mill  this  week.  Grad- 
ing has  been  done.  It  is  intended  to  give 
the  mill  at  first  a  capacity  of  200  tons 
dally,  but  it  will  be  so  arranged  that  this 
can  be  increased  to  500  tons  without  sus- 
pending. At  present  but  a  few  men  are 
at  work  in  the  mine,  timbering,  running 
the  pumps,  etc.  The  pumps  are  operated 
by  air,  as  will  be  the  hoist  when  com- 
pleted. Machine  drills,  also  electric  lights, 
will  be  used  in  the  underground  workings. 
The  company  has  made  arrangements  to 
sink  an  incline  shaft  of  two  compartments 
through  which  the  ore  will  he  raised  to 
the  Burface.  This  incline  will  be  800  feet 
in  length.  This  Bhaft  will  be  completed 
before  the  mill  is  ready  to  drop  its  stamps 
and  the  hoiBt  will  land  the  ore  on  the 
millslte.  The  shaft  will  tap  the  old  work- 
ings of  the  mine,  and  with  the  tunnel 
should  give  a  sufficient  ore  supply,  says 
the  Lead  Call. 

T.  Goodman,  superintendent  of  the  Gold 
Hill  M.  Co.,  will  put  men  at  work  on  their 
holding,  near  Spearfish,  next  week.  As 
soon  as  the  shaft  is  unwatered,  Binking 
will  be  resumed  and  continued  until  the 
quartzite  is  reached.  The  shaft  is  down 
300  feet.  Drifting  on  the  quartzite  will  be 
done.  The  property  Is  on  ihe  Blliceous  ore 
belt  of  the  Ragged  Top  and  Iron  Creek 
districts. 

TEXAS. 

BREWSTER  COUNTY. 
At  Terlingua  three  companies  are  oper- 
ating quicksilver  mines,  and  the  district 


September  12,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


176 


Ib  producing  500  flasks  per  month.  Other 
companies  are  doing  development  work. 
Terlingua  is  in  a  bend  of  the  Rio  Grande 
river  and  near  the  Mexican  line  The 
place  Is  reached  bj  wagon  from  Maria, 
Tex.  The  camp  contains  3000  people, 
mostly  Mexicans,  the  labor  being  mainly 
done  by  Mexicans  at  present,  who  receive 
from  81.25  to  81.50  per  day.  The  Kansas 
City  &  Orient  Railroad,  which  it  is  ex- 
pected will  reach  the  line  of  Mexico  In  two 
years,  will  pass  within  50  miles  of  Terlln- 
gua,  and  it  is  thought  a  branch  will  run 
out  of  it.  Coal  fields  exist  near  the  camp, 
the  coal  land  being  owned  by  the  State. 
There  is  also  good  timber  In  the  same  sec- 
tion and  spring  water.  There  is  no  water 
at  Terlingua.  It  Is  hauled  from  the  Rio 
Grande,  7  miles. 

UTAH. 

Exclusive  of  the  shipments  of  copper 
bullion  from  the  Independent  smelters, 
which  were  2.573  580  pounds,  the  ore  and 
bullion  settlements  for  products  of  Utah 
mines  amounted  to  81,771,550  for  month 
of  August.  During  July  the  settlements 
totaled  up  $1,829,250.  Production  was  re- 
tarded by  the  large  amount  of  develop- 
ment work  which  became  necessary  after 
the  close  of  the  first  half  of  the  year,  says 
the  Salt  Lake  Tribune.  About  61,000 
pounds  more  of  copper  bullion  wsb  pro- 
duced than  In  July,  distributed  as  follows: 

Pounds. 

Bingham  Con 693,440 

Highland  Boy 1,100,000 

United  States 780,140 

American  S.  &  R.  Co 1,200,000 

Total 3,773,000 

The  American  is  expected  to  handle  a 
larger  tonnage  by  4%  or  5%  this  month 
and  the  United  States  will  be  able  to  treat 
more  by  reason  of  blowing  in  of  an  extra 
furnace. 

BEAVEK  COUNTY. 
Manager  Botkin  says  operations  will  be 
resumed  on  the  Old  Catawba  group,  in 
Beaver  Lake  district,  near  Mllford.  He 
Is  also  preparing  to  Incorporate  the  An- 
chor group,  which  has  a  showing  of  cop- 
per ore. 

Work  was  resumed  on  the  Orphan  Boy 
mine  near  Mllford  last  week. 

The  Gold  Crown  group  of  twenty-one 
claims  near  the  head  of  Indian  creek,  in 
the  Newton  district,  near  Milford,  has 
been  sold  for  $50,000  to  the  American  Ex- 
ploration Co.,  represented  by  W.  Thomp- 
son, of  Salt  Lake  City.  No  development 
work  has  been  done  on  the  property,  but 
it  Is  said  to  show  a  ledge  of  low-grade  gold 
ore. 

Contractor  J.  Dedrlch,  putting  in  the 
waterworks  system  for  the  Newhouae  M. 
&  S.  Co.  for  the  Cactus  group  of  mines 
near  Frisco,  says  the  development  of  the 
Wah  Wah  springs  has  been  completed 
and  the  reservoirs  for  storage  purposes 
are  about  finished.  In  the  vicinity  of  the 
Bprlngs  and  reservoirs  14,000  feet  of  piping 
will  be  required.  Work  is  going  ahead 
on  the  trenches  for  the  main  pipe  line 
across  the  Wah  Wah  valley. 

The  Majestic  Co.  has  awarded  a  con- 
tract for  hauling  a  maximum  of  500  tons 
of  ore  daily  from  the  Harrington-Hickory, 
Old  Hickory  and  O.  K.  mines,  near  Mil- 
ford,  to  their  smelter.  It  will  require 
sixty  teams  to  handle  the  contract  when 
in  full  operation,  but  at  the  outset  the 
hauling  will  be  confined  to  the  Harrington- 
Hickory,  100  tons  per  day,  says  the  Mil- 
ford  Times. 

The  Royal  Co.  has  started  operations 
near  Milton  says  Superintendent  J.  For- 
gie.  Two  hoists  are  being  put  in  at  the 
Montreal  mine.  Equipment  will  be  put  in 
for  the  Atlas-Monitor  for  sending  the  in- 
cline deeper,  and  work  will  be  continued 
on  the  Beacon  and  other  properties.  It 
has  been  decided  to  siak  a  deep  shaft  at  a 
point  near  the  Intersection  of  the  two 
main  veins.  A  prospecting  shaft  has  al- 
ready been  sunk  at  this  point  to  depth  of 
50  feet.  A  40  H.  P.  gasoline  hoist  will  be 
placed  at  this  shaft,  which  will  be  en- 
larged, timbered  and  sent  down  to  500  feet. 
JUAB  COUNTY. 
The  shaft  at  the  Dagmar  -  NorthweBt 
mine,  northeast  of  Eureka,  is  at  depth  of 
350  feet  where  a  station  is  being  cut. 
Sinking  will  be  continued  to  the  500-foot 

level. Now  that  the  Mammoth  M.  Co. 

has  closed  a  contract  with  the  American 
S.  &  R.  Co.,  an  additional  force  of  150 
men  are  being  put  on  at  the  mine;  but 
the  mill  will  be  kept  closed.  The  ore  bins 
at  the  mill  will  be  emptied  and  the  con- 
tents Bhlpped.  There  is  a  large  body  of 
low-grade  ore  at  the  mine  which  averages 
$3.50  per  ton,  containing  copper,  gold  and 
silver,  Bays  the  Deseret  News. 

Work  in  the  lower  levels  of  the  La- 
Clede  copper  mine,  near  Diamond,  has 
been  suspended  and  the  pumps  were 
pulled  last  week.  Manager  Weir  says  no 
further  effort  will  be  made  to  rescue  the 
diamond  drill  which  was  lost  at  depth  of 
300  feet,  but  the  development  of  the  prop- 
erty had  not  been  permanently  dropped. 


A  new  diamond  drill  with  greater  ca- 
pacity will  be  put  In,  when  a  prospect 
bole  will  be  put  down  from  the  surface, 
thus  avoiding  the  expense  of  maintaining 
a  pumping  plant 

Shipments  for  the  month  of  August 
from  Tintlc  district  were: 

Cars 

Mine.  of  Ore. 

Bullion-Beck 28 

Carlsa 10 

Centennial-Eureka 87 

Eureka  Hill 11 

Gemini 36 

Grand  Central 108 

Mammoth 56 

Victor 18 

Yankee  Con 12 

Ten  others,  a  total  of 42 

Total 407 

Iron  Ores  : 

Black  Jack 37 

Dragon  Iron  Mine 98 

Noon  Iron  Mine 16 

Total 151 

Concentrates: 

May  Day 7 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

Operations  will  be  resumed  by  the  Bos- 
ton &  Gold  Mountain  M.  Co.  at  the  foot 
of  Mount  Baldy,  south  of  the  Annie  Laurie 
mine  near  MaryBvale. 

The  Annie  Laurie  mine  at  Kimberly, 
which  has  been  shut  down  for  several 
weeks  on  account  of  an  agitation  started 
by  the  Western  Federation  of  Miners,  has 
resumed  with  a  number  of  non-union  min- 
ers, says  the  Times. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  Thornton  of  the  Vallejo 
mine,  at  Alta,  says  the  International  Leas- 
ing Co.  will  increase  operations  on  the 
property  this  week.  Men  will  begin  break- 
ing down  rock  in  the  Burgess  tunnel,  and 
shipments  will  be  made  as  soon  as  trans- 
portation facilities  can  be  obtained.  The 
Vallejo  workings  carry  low-grade  silver 
ores,  with  occasional  pockets  of  high 
grade.  The  main  trouble  with  the  Val- 
lejo, as  well  as  with  other  properties,  is 
transportation.  An  aerial  tram  is  being 
considered,  which  would  be  serviceable 
the  year  around. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

Negotiations  are  under  way  by  the  di- 
rectors of  the  California  &  Comstock  Co., 
operating  at  Park  City,  for  consolidation 
of  the  two  properties.  Underground  sur- 
veys are  said  to  show  that  the  California 
and  Comstock  veins  divide  in  the  latter 
property,  and  the  one  that  has  been 
worked  Is  almost  entirely  In  California 
territory.  As  they  go  down,  the  ore 
bodies  apparently  converge. 

The  J.  I.  C.  mine,  at  Park  City,  Is  tem- 
porarily closed  down  on  account  of  a  flow 
of  water  caused  by  cutting  the  water  bear- 
ing fissure  in  sinking.  Superintendent 
Turner  reports  a  pump  being  put  in. 

Superintendent  C.  T.  Mixer  of  the  Cre- 
ole mine,  near  Park  City,  says  he  expects 
to  put  in  a  compressor  plant  at  the  mine 
this  month.  The  shaft  is  down  to  the  600- 
foot  point.  Crosscutting  will  begin 
for  the  contact  on  this  level.  The  leasers 
at  the  upper  workings  are  shipping  ore. 
TOOELE  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  B.  F.  Fleiner,  of  the 
Blaine  mine,  near  the  Juab  county  line, 
says  he  is  preparing  to  make  ore  ship- 
ments. The  ore  carries  values  in  lead, 
gold  and  silver,  and  1b  hauled  to  Jericho 
on  the  San  Pedro  railroad.  The  Blaine 
is  owned  by  the  Blaine  G.  &  S.  M.  Co  ,  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  W.  D.  MathiB,   secretary. 

UTAH  COUNTY. 
The  mining  of  ozokerite  (mineral  wax) 
is  reported  improving.  A  New  York 
company  is  taking  out  fifty  tons  per  week 
near  Soldier  Summit,  and  several  other 
deposits  are  being  explored.  This  pro- 
duct is  said  to  be  worth  $250  per  ton,  re- 
fined. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY  COUNTY. 

A  diamond  drill  plant  is  at  work  on  the 
Little  Gem  mine,  near  Orient. 

R.  L.  Boyle  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  says 
a  company  has  been  formed  to  build  a 
smelter  at  Keller,  on  the  south  half  of  the 
Colvllle  reservation.  A  sawmill  is  being 
set  up  to  cut  timber  for  the  smelter.  Sur- 
veyors are  at  work  for  a  ditch  1  mile  in 
length  to  furnish  the  water  power  to  run 
the  plant.  The  San  Poll  river  runa  through 
Keller.  The  incorporators  are  R.  L. 
Boyle,  H.  Hildebrandt,  J.  F.)  R^ed,  J.  S. 
Badger  and  H.  A.  Denton.  i{  II  js  expected 
the  smelter  will  be  in  operation  this  win- 
ter. Keller  is  9  miles  north  of  the  Colum- 
bia river.  The  ores  of  the  camp  carry 
copper,  gold  and  silver. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

Superintendent  J.  M.  Hagerty  eays  he 
sent  last  week  to  the  smelter  at  Nelson, 
B.  C,  a  car  of  ore- from  the  Ruby  mine, 


on  Mount  Chapaca,  in  Stmllkameen  dis- 
trict, which  was  hauled  to  Curlew  for 
transportation  by  railroad.  It  was  as- 
sorted to  run  $125  per  ton,  principally  In 
silver.  The  Ruby  mine  Is  3  miles  west 
from  the  Night  Hawk  and  Six  Eaglea 
mines.  It  has  been  opened  by  two  tun- 
nels, which  have  developed  a  vein  at  150 
and  250  feet  deep.  The  lower  tunnel 
strikes  the  vein  at  226  feet  in  from  the 
portal,  and  drifts  have  been  extended  on 
it  300  feet.  He  will  start  another  tunnel 
to  Btrike  the  vein  600  feet  deeper  than  the 
present  workings,  which  will  give  a  total 
depth  of  850  feet  below  the  apex.  Sep- 
tember 15th  he  will  start  up  a  concentrat- 
ing plant,  crush  the  ore  from  the  Ruby 
mine  with  two  mills  and  use  two  tables 
and  a  belt  machine  for  concentrating. 
Hagerty  is  alao  manager  for  the  Simllka- 
meen  Falls  Power  Co  ,  which  1b  putting  in 
a  hydroelectric  plant  for  supplying  power 
to  the  Six  Eaglea,  Ruby  and  other  mines. 
A  power  line  with  poles  and  wlrage  25 
miles,  from  the  Golden  Zone  mine  to  the 
Ruby,  and  thence  to  the  Six  Eagles, 
Night  Hawk,  Slmilkameen  Falls  and  Oro- 
vllle,  Is  being  built. 

PIERCE    COUNTY. 

Coal  deposits  are  reported  located  60 
miles  south  of  Tacoma,  near  the  line  of 
the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad,  being  only 
6  miles  from  the  main  track,  says  the 
Telegram.  It  is  of  a  semi- lignite  charac- 
ter. The  seam  opened  up  is  12  feet  thick 
and  was  struck  at  a  depth  of  100  feet. 
STEVENS  COUNTY. 

High-grade  sliver  ore  is  reported  found 
in  Rattlesnake  Butte  mining  district,  on 
the  south  half  of  the  Colville  reservation, 
sayB  H.  L  Mclntyreof  Spokane.  The  dis- 
trict is  35  miles  southwest  of  Myers'  Falls 
and  30  miles  west  of  Colville  and  near 
Rattlesnake  Butte. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 
The  Southern  Wyoming  Aerial  Tram- 
way, which  connects  the  Boston-Wyo- 
ming smelter  at  Grand  Encampment  with 
the  Ferris-Haggarty  copper  mine  at  Bat- 
tle lake,  16  miles  away,  is  in  steady  oper- 
ation, and  the  smelter  is  expected  to  be 
blown  thla  week.  Delay  in  blowing  in  was 
caused  by  the  roaster,  which  had  not 
turned  out  enough  roasted  ore  to  begin 
operations. 

LARAMIE  COUNTY. 

The  Omaha  Co  ,    operating  a   mine  in 

Slate  Creek  dietrlct,  west  of  Wheatland, 

is  arranging  to  put  in  a  mill.     Ore   from 

this  mine  shows  values  in  gold,  silver  and 

copper. Nickel  ore  has  been  found  in 

the  Three  Cripples  property  in  Laramie 
Peak  district,  northwest  of  Wheatland. 

UINTA  COUNTY. 
J.  Acocks  of  Evans  ton  reports  finding  a 
body  of  coal  10  feet  in  thickness  and  ex- 
tending northeast  to  southwest.  Eight 
entries  have  been  made  on  the  streak, 
which  dips  at  an  angle  of  20°.  It  is  4  miles 
Bouthweat  of  Cumberland,  from  which 
point  a  spur  of  the  railroad  can  be  laid 
without  heavy  gradea,  and  a  good  water 
supply  is  close  at  hand. 

BIGHORN  COUNTY. 
J.  Hilliard,   E.  Mann  and   B.  Dunshee 
report  finding   gold-bearing  quartz   near 
Basin  City  and  on  the  north  end  of  Bald 
mountain. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

RHODESIA. 
At  the  Ayrshire  mine,  in  Mashonaland, 
75  miles  from  Salisbury,  and  connected 
with  the  main  line  of  railway  by  a  2-foot 
gauge  line,  work  is  about  completed  on 
the  mill.  The  surface  equipment  of  the 
mine  will  consist  of  a  60-stamp  back-to- 
back  mill  with  1300  pound  stamps,  and 
driven  by  steam.  This  engine  is  one  of 
three,  so  arranged  as  to  drive  either  elec- 
tric generators  or  the  mill.  A  jet  condens- 
ing plant  la  being  provided,  capable  of  hand- 
ling 15,000  pounds  of  steam  per  hour,  the 
circulating  water  being  cooled  by  means 
of  an  open  type,  natural  draught  cooling 
tower.  Steam  will  be  supplied  to  the  en- 
gines from  four  155  H.  P.  boilers,  arranged 
to  burn  either  wood  or  coal.  Electricity 
is  to  be  largely  used,  the  current  being 
taken  from  a  200  kilowatt  3  phase  gene- 
rator and  distributed  to  various  parts  of 
the  mine.  Among  others  it  will  drive  a 
50,000-gallon  per  hour  pump,  supplying 
water  to  the  mill  from  the  Maquassi  river, 
workshops,  cyanide  plant,  fuel  haulage 
and  the  whole  of  the  surface  and  under- 
ground working8  will  be  lighted  by  elec- 
tricity. At  the  main  shaft  the  rock- 
breakers  will  double-crush  the  ore,  which 
will  be  sent  to  the  mill  reduced  to  J-inch 
aize.  Thla  will  be  driven  by  two  3-phase 
50  H.  P.  induction  motors.  A  16  drill 
cross-compound  compressor  will  be  used, 
the  steam  being  supplied  from  three  156 
H.  P.  boilers.  Special  arrangements  have 
been  made  for  filtering  and   heating  the 


feedwater.     The  sands  from  the  mill  will 
be  run  by  gravity  to  a  cyanide  plant,  con- 
sisting of  a  series  of  steel  tanks. 
TRANSVAAL. 

In  the  Wltwatersrand  district  the 
"Deep  Deeps,"  or  third  row  propositions, 
are  being  brought  Into  the  producing 
stage,  saya  South  African  Mines.  The 
Village  Deep  Is  ready  for  production.  A 
tailings  wheel  has  been  put  in.  South 
Nourse  is  also  being  developed,  while  the 
Knight's  Deep  of  the  Con.  Gold  Fields 
group  around  Germlston  is  already  a  gold 
producer. 

At  the  Great  Eastern  colliery  at  Springs 
the  shaft  which  caved  has  been  repaired 
and  operations  resumed.  Fully  two  weeks 
were  lost  in  waiting  for  timber.  A  small 
air  shaft,  230  feet  from  the  old  shaft,  has 
been  enlarged  and  timbered,  and  a  new 
head  gear  erected.  The  hauling  engine 
has  been  removed  and  fitted  up  near  the 
new  shaft,  and  a  platform  put  up  which 
connects  with  the  screening  plant  for- 
merly in  use. 

BRITISH    COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 

R.  Plewman  of  Rossland,  managing  di- 
rector of  the  Winnipeg  mine,  near  Bound- 
ary [''alls,  says  work  will  be  resumed.  A 
10-drlll  compressor  and  a  150  H.  P.  hoist 
will  be  put  in.  About  3000  tons  have  been 
mined  and  shipped,  of  average  value  of 
$12. 

Operations  and  shipments  will  be  re- 
sumed at  the  Winnipeg  mine  in  Welling- 
ton camp,  near  Hartford  Junction,  2  miles 
east  of  Phoenix,  says  R.  Plewman,  presi- 
dent and  managing  director  of  the  com- 
pany owning  the  mine.  On  May  30,  1902, 
fire  destroyed  the  shaft-house,  the  seven 
drill  air  compressor  pumps,  boilers  and 
other  machinery,  and  since  then  nothing 
has  been  done  at  the  Winnipeg  except  to 
keep  the  water  out  of  the  workings  for  a 
few  weeks. 

A  strike  is  reported  on  the  Onondaga 
mines  in  Waterloo  camp,  showing  a  quartz 
lead  of  free-milling  gold  carrying  values 
of  $10  across  the  vein.  The  principal 
owners  are  L.  &  A.  Will,  of  New  York 
City.    They  have  a  10-stamp  mill  up. 

CASSIAR  DISTRICT. 

Manager  J.  W.  Haskins,  of  the  Rosella 
M.  Co.,  has  put  men  to  work  on  the  Dease 
River  claims  of  the  company,  near  Mc- 
Dame,  in  Liard  mining  division.  They 
went  in  by  way  of  Wrangel  and  Telegraph 
Creek,  and  are  making  preparations  to 
put  in  machinery. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

It  is  reported  oil  has  been  struck  In  a 
well  being  sunk  in  Flathead  valley  near 
Atlyn,  near  Fort  Steele,  by  a  Montana 
company  at  depth  of  300  feet. 

B.  Layton,  manager  of  the  Sullivan 
mine  near  Fort  Steele,  says  the  mine  will 
be  reopened  this  fall. 

NELSON  DISTRICT. 
E.  M.  Wilson  has  bought  a  half  interest 
in  the  Emerald  claim,  near  Ymir,  for 
$4000.  The  claim  is  on  Lost  creek  and 
shows  a  3-foot  ledge  carrying  galena.  On 
this  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  30  feet,  besides 
several  open  cuts.  Assays  run  30%  lead, 
12  ounces  silver  and  $5  gold.  Wilson 
will  open  up  the  mine. 

SLOCAN  DISTRICT. 

The  freight  and  treatment  rate  on  dry 
ore  from  Slocan  has  been  raised  from  $9 
to  $11  a  ton  in  Nelson,  and  from  $11  to  $12 

-  at  Trail,  says  the  RoBSland  Miner. The 

Reco  mine  has  opened  a  body  of  good  ore 
and  more  men  will  be  put  on  and  shipping 
resumed,  says  Manager  Harris. 

Surface  stripping  on  the  Legal  claim, 
on  Lemon  creek,  near   Slocan   City,  has 

exposed  2  feet  of  gold-bearing  quartz. 

On  the  Howard  Fraction,  on  Lemon  creek, 
a  crosscut  tunnel  will  be  driven  to  tap  the 
ledges  at  depth.  It  will  be  1000  feet  in 
length,  and  in  that  distance  is  expected  to 
open  four  ledges  at  vertical  depths  ap- 
proaching 700  feet,  which  have  been  lo- 
cated on  the  surface. 

WEST  KOOTENAY   DISTRICT. 

The  Kootenay  Con.  M.  Co.,  with  head- 
quarters at  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  has  been 
organized  as  a  merger  of  the  following 
mines  in  Lardeau  section:  Old  Gold,  Prim- 
rose, Mountain  Lion,  Treadwell,  Black 
Warrior,  Lardeau  Duncan,  Guinea  Gold 
Extension,  Spring  group.  Silver  Moon, 
Comstock,  Rio  Grande,  Baltimore  and 
Amazon. 

A  free  gold  group  of  prospects,  consist- 
ing of  the  Nelson,  Goldflake  and  Gold 
Medal,  at  the  head  of  Ten  Mile  creek, 
near  Sable  creek  divide,  near  Camborne, 
was  bought  last  week  by  C.  Menhinick, 
G.  Sandham  and  G.  Young.  On  the  Nel- 
son claim  there  is  said  to  be  a  lead  10  feet 
wide  of  quartz  which  carries  free  gold. 

A  find  of  quartz  carrying  free  gold  is 
reported  in  Lardeau  section,  near  the 
north  end  of  Trout  lake,  near  Trout  Lake 
City.  It  is  30  miles  from  the  Poplar 
Creek  discoveries. 


177 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


CHINA. 

MANCHURIA. 

Manager  Yugoviteh,  chief  engineer  in 
construction  of  the  Chinese  Eastern  Bail- 
way,  has  completed  an  agreement  with 
the  Chinese  Governor  of  Hylomtsian  Prov- 
ince for  exploitation  of  two  coal  mines  in 
that  Province,  by  which  the  Chinese  East- 
ern Railway  is  granted  the  right  to  exploit 
the  coal  mines  on  a  strip  of  land  30  Chi- 
nese versts  (about  20  miles)  on  both .  sides 
of  the  railway  line,  besides  preferential 
rights  to  exploit  coal  mines  beyond  these 
limits.  The  railway  company  agrees  to 
indemnify  all  private  parties  whose  lands 
may  be  taken  for  any  damage  done  to 
buildings,  graves  or  crops,  and  to  pay  the 
Chinese  Government  a  royalty  for  every 
1000  Chinese  pounds  of  the  output  of  coal. 
To  the  company  is  also  conceded  the  right 
to  cut  timber  in  the  Province,  both  in 
Government  and  private  forrsts,  for  a 
remuneration  to  be  hereafter  fixed,  says 
R.  T.  Greener,  U.  S.  Commercial  Agent 
at  Vladivostok. 

MONGOLIA. 

A.  S  Bigelow  of  North  Columbia,  Cal , 
superintendent  of  the  Pelger  and  Capsil- 
var  mines,  owned  by  the  Franco-Russian 
Co.  des  Aimaks  in  northern  Mongolia, 
says  the  company  has  a  concession  from 
the  Chinese  government  covering  600 
square  miles  of  territory  for  placer  min- 
ing. -  American  methods  and  implements 
are  being  introduced  there.  The  main 
difficulty  in  mining  operation  in  that  sec- 
tion is  the  lack  of  grade;  canals  are  run 
on  light  grades,  and  6  to  7  miles  of  pipe 
are  necessary  in  order  to  obtain  an  hy- 
draulic head  of  200  feet.  Formerly  the 
"long  Tom  "  was  used,  and  horses  hauled 
the  gravel  to  the  place  of  washing  and 
afterwards  removed  the  tailings.  Russian 
peasants  are  employed,  working  ten  hours 
a  day  for  1  ruble  (50  centB).  They  go  on 
at  6  A  M-.  and  come  off  shift  at  6  P.  M., 
taking  out  an  hour  at  noon  and  a  half 
hour  at  9  and  3  o'clock  to  eat  and  smoke. 
They  require  to  be  immediately  instructed 
in  all  the  details  of  their  work.  The 
Mongols  are  not  miners.  During  the  last 
two  seasons  there  has  been  a  lack  of  rain- 
fall and  snow,  causing  a  scarcity  of  water 
for  mining     Victor  von  Grot  Is  manager. 

CANADA. 

ALBERTA. 

The  International  Coal  &  Coke  Co  ,  con- 
trolled by  the  Granby  milling  interests  of 
Grand  Forks,  B.  C  ,  are  planning  for  a 
plant  capable  of  producing  an  output  of 
2000  tons  daily  of  coal  from  their  mines  at 
Blairmore. 

ONTARIO. 

To  operate  the  McRae  mine  at  Minne- 
haha lake,  near  Wabigoon,  owned  by  B. 
J.  Morningstar,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  the 
Fechter  M.  Co.  has  been  incorporated, 
with  L.  Fechter,  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  as 
president.  Development  has  shown  a  vein 
6- feet- wide,  carrying  free  gold.— At  the 
Jubilee  mine,  the  machinery  is  in  place 
and   operations  resumed.     The  shaft  will 

be  sunk. The  Big  Master  stamp  mill  is 

running  steadily.  The  hoist  which  Is  be- 
ing set  up  will  be  effective  to  depth  of 
1000  feet.  Concentrates  are  being  shipped 
to  the  smelter. At  the  Twentieth  Cen- 
tury mine  twenty  stamps  are  dropping 
steadily  on  quartz  from  the  raise  between 
the  third  and  second  levels,  where  the 
vein  is  10  feet  wide.  Owing  to  the  water 
supply  from  the  creek  proving  insuf- 
ficient, other  arrangements  are  being 
made. 

The  Sultana  gold  mine,  near  Rat  Port- 
age has  been  unwatered,  using  a  3-ton 
bailing  skip,  making  fifty  trips  per  hour. 

On  HW  43,  near  Wabigoon,  being  oper- 
ated by  the  Escanaba  Co.,  considerable 
preliminary  work  has  been  done.  A  work- 
ing shaft  will  be  sunk. 

A  prospecting  drill  has  been  put  to  work 
on  the  Twentieth  Century  M.  Co.  ground, 
in  Manitou  district,  near  Beaudro's  Land- 

GERMANY. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Oppeln  Cham- 
ber of  Commerce  sayB  the  average  wages 
of  coal  miners  over  sixteen  years  of  age  in 
Silesia  fell  from  1029  7  marks  ($245  14)  in 
1902  to  972  1  marks  ($231  33)  in  1903  This 
includes  all  classes  from  the  apprentice  to 
the  skilled  laborer.  There  was  a  reduc- 
tion of  wages  in  the  year9  1892  and  1893. 
Comparisons  will  show  an  increase,  how- 
ever, of  66%  in  the  last  fifteen  years.  While 
in  1899  the  average  of  $218  25  was  set  over 
against  each  workman  above  sixteen 
years  of  age,  the  actual  amount  paid  to 
miners  in  a  certain  seciion  of  Silesia  was 
8278  22.  The  helpers  of  various  kind  were 
paid  as  follows:  Drivers,  $173  50;  carpen- 
ters, etc.,  $236.57;  general  help  in  the 
mines,  $166  32;  top  men,  $172  55.  The 
wages  paid  to  the  miners  who  pick  out 
the  coal  is  in  many  caseB  more  than  1200 
marks  ($285.60);  and  in  a  few,  1500  and 
1600  marks  ($357  and  $380.80). 


MEXICO. 

AGUAS  CALIENTES 

The  smelters  at  Aguas  Calientes  are 
treating  1500  tons  of  ore  per  day.  Five  of 
the  furnaces  are  devoted  to  treatment  of 
copper  ore  and  three  to  lead. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

G.  B  Jacobs  of  Chihuahua  reports  hav- 
ing secured  options  on  a  group  of  Bilver 
and  gold  properties  in  Los  Otates  section 
in  western  Chihuahua  and  southwest  of 
Ocampo. 

Work  is  progressing  on  the  Encinillas 
M.  Co.  's  smelter  at  Santa  Rosalia  and  is 
expected  to  be  ready  this  month.  The 
company  is  planning  to  put  up  additional 
furnaces  as  a  customs  plant  in  connection 
with  the  80-ton  plant,  which  will  be  used 
for  the  treatment  of  the  Encinillas  ores. 

COAHUILA. 

The  Mexican  Coal  &  Coke  Co.,  E.  Lud- 
low manager,  reports  making  a  contract 
to  furnish  22,000  tons  of  coke  to  Smelter 
No.  3  at  Monterey  from  the  Las  Esper- 
anzas  coal  mines  in  northern  Coahuila. 
The  vein  is  8  feet  thick  and  they  are  pro- 
ducing 2000  tons  per  day. 
DUEANGO. 

Operations  have  resumed  on  the  Trini- 
dad mine  at  Cuensame.  The  principal 
values  are  in  silver,  with  some  gold. 

At  Taoltita,  a  free-milling  gold  camp, 
Manager  Rawlings  says  they  have  a  10- 
stamp  mill  and  a  small  cyanide  plant  in 
operation.  The  principal  part  of  the  ore 
comes  from  tbe  Socavon  group.  There 
are  5000  feet  of  tunneling.  The  ores  are 
brought  to  the  mill  by  gravity  tramway, 
the  mill  being  operated  by  water  power. 
The  company  has  denounced  a  number  of 
old  dumps  on  mines  at  one  time  operated 
by  the  Spaniards  and  will  build  a  75-stamp 
mill  to  treat  them,  which  will  also  be  op- 
erated by  water  power. 

GUANAJUATO. 

Arrangements  are  made  for  driving 
a  drainage  tunnel  in.  Guanajuato  min- 
ing district.  The  La  Luz  Drainage 
and  Transportation  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized at  Guanajuato  to  carry  out  the 
enterprise,  which  Involves  the  construc- 
tion of  tunnels  several  miles  long  at  a 
depth  of  400  feet  below  the  lowest  work- 
ings of  the  flooded  mines. 

GUERRERO. 
J.  G.  Tucker  is  reported  to  have  bought 
the  quicksilver  mines  of  Huitzuco,  being 
La  Cruz  y  Annexas  group,  covering  568 
pertenencias  and  thirteen  mines,  three  of 
them  producers.  The  main  shaft  1b  down 
800  feet,  with  five  drifts  to  distance  of  150 
feet.  He  claims  the  value  of  the  property 
lies  in  the  large  low  -  grade  deposits, 
although  occasional  pockets  of  rich  ore 
are  found.  The  mines  are  equipped  with 
a  smelting  plant  of  six  furnaces,  together 
with  condensers.  A  gravity  tramway 
connects  the  mine  with  the  smelter. 
Water  is  plentiful.  The  mines  are  20 
miles  from  the  railroad  station  of  Iguala. 

JALISCO. 

A  St.  Paul,  Minn  ,  company  has  bought 
a  three-fourths  interest  in  the  Altamira 
group  of  seven  properties  of  64  pertenen- 
cias, near  Etzatlan,  and  will  begin  work 
as  soon  as  air  drills  and  other  machinery 

arrive  at  the  mine. Douglas,  Lacey  & 

Co.  are  reported  to  have  started  work 
last  week  on  the  Buena  Ventura,  Veta 
Grande,  Fenix,  San  Salvador  and  Iguana 
mines  adjoining  the  Santa  Domingo  mine, 
near  Etzatlan.  The  mines  are  of  silver 
and  gold. 

A  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  company  has 
started  work  on  the  gold,  silver  and  cop- 
per mines  of  La  Cruz,  Dos  Amigos,  El 
Cobre  and  Texas  mines,  15  miles  west  of 
Etzatlan,  which  they  have  under  option. 

MEXICO. 

The  Mexican  Light  &  Power  Co.,  Ltd. 
(the  Canadian  Co),  putting  in  an  80,000 
H.  P.  electric  plant  at  Necaxa,  Puebla,  to 
furnish  power  for  the  City  of  Mexico,  has 
announced  its  Intention  to  put  power  into 
El  Oro  mining  camp  for  use  in  the  mines, 
says  the  Chihuahua  Enterprise.  Work 
for  the  first  installation  of  40,000  H.  P.  is 
being  rushed.  For  this  three  tunnels 
have  to  be  constructed.  Three  towns 
located  in  the  reservoir  site  are  being 
bought  up  so  as  to  remove  them. 

The  Victoria  mine  at  El  Oro  is  prepar- 
ing to  increase  its  development  equipment, 
Including  heavier  hoist  and  pumps.  The 
Bhaft  is  down  360  feet,  with  the  first  cross- 
cut run  from  the  300- foot  point.  Drifts 
are  being  run  both  north  and  south. 
MICHOACAN. 

A.  E.  Abbott,  interested  in  the  AgoB- 
tltlan  coal  fields,  says  the  Southwestern 
Mlchoacan  Exp.  Coal  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized to  exploit  the  coal  measures.  His 
company  has  a  5-foot  body  of  lignite  coal. 
A  railroad  44  kilometers  long  from  Irembo 
on  the  Michoacan  Pacific  road  to  Agostit- 
lan  is  to  be  built  and  the  work  started 
this  fall. 


OAXACA. 

The  Esmeralda  M.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized In  Delaware  to  exploit  a  group  of  gold 
mines  in  Oaxaca,  with  principal  offices  at 
Wilmington,  Del.,  with  W.  R.  and  J.  T. 
Wallace,  O.  G.  Noble  and  C.  T.  Downham 
as  officers 

A  strike  of  high-grade  gold  ore  is  re- 
ported made  near  Ejutla.     A   number  of 
prospectors  have  gone  in  there. 
SAN  LUIS  POTOSI. 

R.  Ipina,  having  bought  the  hacienda 
of  San  Miguel,  near  San  Pedro  camp,  pro- 
poses to  establish  a  smelter  there.  San 
Pedro  is  15  miles  from  San  Luis  Potosl, 
and  the  ores  carry  gold  and  silver.  The 
camp  Is  producing  4000  tons  of  ore 
monthly. 

One  of  the  features  of  San  Luis  Potosl 
camp  1b  the  cyanide  plants  which  are 
working  over  the  old  dumps  which  were 
left  as  waste  by  the  Spaniards,  says  the 
Mexican  Investor.  Ardilla  &  Co.  own  a 
number  of  tailings  dumps,  amounting  to 
about  250,000  tons,  and  they  are  working 
them  in  two  separate  plants,  treating  fifty 
tons  dally  in  one  and  thirty  in  the  other. 
P.  Eachauzier  &  Bros,  are  also  cyaniding 
dumps.  They  have  a  large  tonnage  and 
two  plants  with  a  capacity  of  fifteen  and 
eleven  tons  per  day,  respectively. 

SONORA. 

The  Ventana  mine  has  been  bought  by 
H.  Smith,  manager  of  the  Pallmentas 
mine,  for  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  men.  The 
property  is  4  miles  from  the  PallmentaB 
mine,  on  the  Bato  river,  in  Pilares  de 
Torres  district.  It  has  a  vein  averaging 
6  feet  wide,  containing  gold,  silver  and 
copper  values.  The  vein  is  defined  be- 
tween porphyry  and  lime. 

The  Anglo-American  G.  &  C.  M.  Co. 
will  increase  development  work  on  the 
Enriquita  mine,  and  ore  shipments  will  be 
started  from  their  Garclala.  The  Enri- 
quita is  4  miles  south  of  Cananea,  and  the 
Garclala  25  miles  south. 

The  Ores  Con.  M.  Co.  within  the  past 
two  years  has  been  developing  its  mines, 
]£  miles  from  El  Gavilan  on  the  Sonora 
river.  On  the  Eureka  &  Ramona  devel- 
opment has  opened  ore  with  average 
value  of  $10  per  ton.  The  equipment  con- 
sists of  a  10-stamp  mill,  friction  hoist, 
three  water  tanks  of  5000  gallons  capacity 
each,  etc.  The  mill  will  be  started  Sept. 
1st. 

The  Santa  Ana  M.,  M.  &  S.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  to  work  in  Sahuaripa 
district,  near  the  Bufa  mines.  Their 
holdings  include  four  groups  which 
aggregate  60  pertenencias  of  ground — Las 
Verdes  Bufa,  La  Plomosa  de  Santa  Ana, 
La  Plomosa  de  Guadalupe  and  Las  Ga- 
tltas.  E.  Kingae  is  president  and  man- 
ager, Z.  T.  Rawson,  vice-president  and 
superintendent.  Developments  will  be 
started. 

The  Yaqul  River  C  Co.  has  closed  down 
work  in  its  mines  at  Campo  Santo  Nino, 

The  Sierra  Madre  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Douglas,  Ariz ,  by  A.  J. 
King,  manager,  with  O.  C.  Kennedy  and 
D.  S.  Smith.  Their  holdings  are  7  "miles 
from  the  El  Tigre  mine  and  5  miles  from 
Pilares  de  Teras,  in  Moctezuma  district. 

ZACATECAS. 

The  Mazaprel  Copper  Co.  at  Concep- 
tion del  Oro  continues  regular  operations. 
The  mine  has  a  deposit  of  lead  and  copper 
ore.  The  reduction  plant  consists  of  cop- 
per furnaces,  four  lead  furnaces,  and  a 
Bessemer  plant  for  refining  the  copper. 
In  addition  the  company  owns  a  railroad 
150  kilometers  long,  running  from  Saltillo 
to  Conception  del  Oro.  From  the  mine  to 
the  plant  are  20  kilometers  of  overhead 
tramway.  W.  Purcell  is  president  and 
J.  Lynch  is  manager.  The  company  has 
4000  men  at  work. 


*************************** 

!        PERSONAL.        I 

*  *• 

M.  J.  Bride  of  Nome,  Alaska,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  B  Pittman  of  Tonopah,  Nev.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

R.  R.  Swain  has  returned  to  El  Paso, 
Tex  ,  from  Denver,  Colo. 

F.  Klepetko  haa  returned  to  New 
York  from  Parral,  Mexico. 

B.  Layton  is  manager  of  the  Sullivan 
mines  near  Fort  Steele,  B.  C. 

Phillip  Argall  has  returned  to  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  from  New  York  City. 

L.  Herfoot  of  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  is 
in  New  York  on  mining  business. 

R.  W.  CLOUD  1b  superintendent  of  the 
Merced  mine,  near  Randsburg,  Cal. 

F.  W.  Medbury  is  manager  of  the 
Reliance  M.  Co.,  near  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

J.  B.  Farish,  E.  M.,  has  returned  to 
Denver,  Colo.,  from  San  FranciBco,  Cal. 


A.  Morrison  is  superintendent  of  the 
Noonday  copper  mine,  near  El  Dorado, 
Cal. 

G.  Mainhart  of  Grass  Valley,  Cal ,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

G.  Salmon  Is  superintendent  of  the 
North  Star  mine  and  mill,  near  CuBter, 
S.  D. 

H.  W.  Nelson  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  Alpine  mine,  near  Sump- 
tor,  Or. 

H.  Bratnober,  Interested  In  Alaska 
mines,  returned  to  San  Francisco,  Cal , 
last  week. 

B.  F.  Graham,  of  Bisbee,  Ariz.,  of  the 
Copper  Queen  M.  Co.,  is  in  the  East  on 
business. 

F.  A.  Jones  will  have  charge  of  the 
New  Mexican  mining  exhibit  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo. 

W.  MAGUIRE  of  Dutch  Flat,  Cal ,  In- 
terested in  Placer  county  mines,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

James  A.  McClurg  has  returned  to 
Denver,  Colo.,  from  an  extended  trip 
through  Europe. 

W.  L.  Crawford,  interested  in  Mexi 
can  mines,  is  in  Sin  Francisco,  Cil ,  from 
Tuxpan,  Mexico. 

W.  T.  McGregor  is  mine  manager  for 
the  Premier  Special  Claim  at  Waiorongo- 
mai,  New  Zsaland. 

B.  F.  Fleiner,  superintendent  of  the 
Blaine  mine  in  Tooele  county,  Utah,  is  In 
Leavenworth,  Kansas. 

H.  Key  has  resigned  as  superintendent 
of  the  Adventure  mill  at  Edgemere, 
Houghton  county,  Mich. 

George  Ross,  master  mechanic  of  the 
United  Verde  Copper  Co  of  Jerome, 
Ariz.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  Prosser  is  superintendent  of  the 
Paparoa  coal  mine  at  Coromandel,  in 
Haurakl  district,  New  Zealand. 

A.  J.  Noyes,  manager  of  the  Ajax  G. 
M.  Co,  returned  to  Dillon,  Mont.,  last 
week  from  a  business  trip  East. 

Henry  Stewart,  manager  of  the  S. 
S.  Machinery  Co,  Denver,  Colo.,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal ,  on  business. 

Manager  D  J.  Jackling  of  the  Utah 
C.  Co.  is  In  Colorado  Springs,  Colo  ,  on 
business,  from  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

N.  Pike  is  superintendent  of  the  Wau- 
tauga  mine  of  the  Old  Town  Con  M.  Co  , 
near  Russell  Gulch,  Gilpin  county,  Colo. 

J.  F.  Boyd  of  Carthage,  Mo  ,  is  super- 
intendent of  the  Oliver  Lease  Prospecting 
Co.  mines,  near  Zincite,  Jasper  county,  Mo. 

G.  J.  MCCARTY  of  the  Crestone-Colo- 
rado  mines  in  Sonora,  Mexico,  has  re- 
turned there  from  a  trip  to  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

J.  Piper,  of  Ishpemlng,  Mich.,  of  the 
Negaunee  mine,  is  superintendent  of  the 
mines  of  the  Mitchell  Dev.  Co.,  near  Bis- 
bee, Ariz. 

E  P.  Law  of  Honolulu,  and  having 
mining  Interests  in  Nevada,  will  represent 
Hawaii  at  the  Mining  Congress  at  Dead- 
wood,  S.  D. 

J.  H.  Robeson,  of  Georgetown,  Colo., 
is  visiting  mines  In  which  he  is  interested, 
in  Bradshaw  mountains,  southeast  of 
Prescott,  Ariz. 

R.  C  DUNSTAN  is  superintendent  of 
the  mill  of  the  Adventure  Con  C.  Co.  at 
Edgmere,  Houghton  county,  Mich.,  vice 
H.  Key,  resigned. 

E.  S  Topping,  formerly  of  British 
Columbia,  interested  in  Baker  county, 
Or  ,  mines,  has  established  his  headquar- 
ters at  Sumpter,  Or. 

T.  H  Oxnam,  manager  of  the  Palma- 
rejo  &  Mexican  Gold  Fields,  Ltd.,  is  at 
their  mines  at  Chinlpas.  Chihuahua.  Mex- 
ico, from  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

C.  A.  Cunningham  of  Guthrie.  Okla- 
homa Territory,  secretary  of  the  Endless 
Chain  M.  Co.,  is  at  their  mines  near  Pata- 
gonia, Santa  Cruz  county,  Ariz. 

E.  C.  Banks,  chief  chemist  of  the 
Waihi  G.  M.  Co.  of  Walhi,  New  ZealaDd, 
is  at  Deadwood,  S.  D  ,  investigating  the 
cyanide  practice  of  the  Black  Hills. 

F.  W.  Oldpiel-d,  recently  of  the  Pal- 
marejo  and  Mexican  Gold  Fields  Co.,  has 
gone  to  Ecuador,  as  assistant  manager  of 
the  South  American  Dev.  Co.  at  Zaruma. 

J.  F.  Hyde  has  been  appointed  Profes- 
sor of  Economic  Geology  and  Mining  at 
the  State  University  at  Eugene,  Or.,  as  it 
is  intended  to  build  up  a  department  of 
mining  there. 

W.  Hutchinson,  formerly  superin- 
tendent of  the  Tomboy  mine,  near  Tellu- 
rlde,  Colo.,  has  been  appointed   superln- 


September  12   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


178 


tendent  of  tbe   H.   M.   H.   group,  Id  the 
same  district. 

A.  E.  Welby  returned  last  week  to 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  a  year's  stay  In 
Peru,  where  he  superintended  construc- 
tion of  a  railroad  for  the  J.  B.  Haggin 
mining  Interests. 

P.  Rearden,  formerly  superintendent 
of  the  Kurtz  Chatterton  mine  at  Grand 
Encampment,  Wyo  ,  Is  superintendent  of 
tbe  Alpine  mine,  near  Sumpler,  Or.,  vice 
H.  W.  Nelson,  resigned. 


New  Patents. 


Dewey,  Strong  &  Co. 'a  Scientific  Press 
Patent  agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  TJ.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors: 

FOR  WEEK  KNOING    SEPT    1,  1903. 

737,812 —Evaporating  Apparatus—  W  C.  Ander- 
son, San  Jote,  Cal. 

737,803.—  Not  Lock— A.  D.  Asdell,  Lakeview,  Or. 

737  890—  Power  Transmitter— P.  W.  Bettlnger, 
San  Jose.  cat. 

737,822 — PRINTINO  ATTACHMENT  FOR  ROLLPAPER 
HOLDERS- R.  E.  Brunaccl,  S.  P. 

737 ,MSJ  —Trolley  Wheel— E.  S.  Cobb,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal 

737.709  —Car  Bomper— T.  Collins,  San  Jose.  Cal. 

788,002.— Pink  iseedle  Mattress— Muthllcle  R. 
Cords,  S.  F. 

787,888  —Clothes  HANGER-Carrlo  P.  Cox,  Los  An- 

787,880.— Hoist— Duryea  &  White,  Lcs  Angeles, 
Cal. 

737,«97—  Bockle—  H.  S.  Englebrlght,  North  Yam- 
hill, Or. 

737,726.— Bicycle  Mod  Guard  — h.  Fesenfeld, 
Boquiam,  Wash. 

787,832.— Beveling  Machine— C.  Flnnegan,  Fair- 
haven,  Wash. 

787,807  — FROIT  Tray— J.  H.  Qunby,  Chlco,  Cal. 

737.921.— *  indow  Cleaning  Chair— J.  H.  Hana- 
van  S.  F. 

737,736  —Match  Safe— W.  A.   Harmon,  Skagway, 

737,616  — Proit  Cutter- C.  Harpold,  Santa  Paula, 
Cal. 

738.033.— Mowing  Machine— a.  T.  Haynes,  Wheat- 
land, Cal. 

737.622.— Vkbicle  Brace— P.  Hebert,  Hazeldell, 
Or. 

737,928.— Pump— N.  A.  Heyman,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

737,737— Gas  Engine— C  F  Hlichcock,  S.  F. 

787,788.— Vapor  Generator  —  c.  F.  Hitchcock, 
S.  F. 

738,038.— Stovepipe  Fastener— R.  H.  Hodge,  Cen- 
tralnolnt.  Or. 

737,841.— Tile  Machine— W.  A.  Houts,  S.  F. 

737,842—  Brick  Machine— W.  a.  Houts,  S.  F. 

737,843  —Tile  machine— W.  a.  Houts,  S.  F. 

737,743.— Bed  and  Sofa— L  Kragen,  S.  F. 

737.747.— Gas  Generator— J.  Kuljls,  Portland, 
Or. 

738,115.— Engine  Valve—  C.  E.  H.  Lincoln,  Doug- 
las, Ariz. 

737,756.— Still— W.  Maybury,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

737,767.— Toy— S.  E.  Miller,  Crockett,  Cal. 

737,760.— Oil  Burner— a.  Moorefleld,  Stockton, 
Cal. 

737.765. -Grubbing  Machine  —  G.  Olsen,  Port 
Blakeley,  w  ash. 

787,769.— Fastener— L  C.  Preston,  Weston,  Or. 

737,966.— Candle  Holder  —  Pauline  Rummelin, 
Portland,  Or. 

738,129.— Packing— E.  W.  Tucker,  S   F. 

737  886.— Cihculator- J.  P  Urbanek,  York,  Wash. 

788.180.— Combination  Tool  — a.  a.  Waymire, 
Woods,  or. 

787,8  6.— Table— C  E.  Wehn,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

737,981— Belt  Shifter- J  Wetchhart,  S.  F. 


Notice  of    Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co. '3  Scientific  Press  TJ.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  speolal  mention: 

Tile  Making  Machine.— No.  737.841.  Sept.  1, 
1903.  W.  A.  Houts,  Oakland,  Cal.  The  object  of 
this  invention  Is  to  provide  a  suitable  machine  for 
the  manufacture  of  pipe  or  tiling  from  com- 
positions containing  aspliallum  or  such  materials 
as  are  rendered  plastic  by  heat  and  have  the 
quality  of  setting  Into  a  hard  resistant  mass 
when  cooled.  The  Invention  comprises  a  mold, 
means  for  feeding  material  to  the  mold,  means, 
including  a  plunger  core,  for  compressing  the  ma- 
terial therein,  and  rings  engaging  the  core  to  free 
the  tile  from  the  mold  and  core. 

Brick  Making  Machine.— No.  737,842.  Sept.  1, 
1903.  W.  A.  Houts,  Oakland,  Cal.  This  invention 
relates  to  improvements  in  maohines  for  pressing 
and  molding  br'cks  and  the  like.  The  object  Is  to 
provide  a  continuously  >  perating  means  for  form- 
ing bricks  from  comp.  sitions  which  have  the  qu  1- 
fty  of  becoming  plastic  on  the  application  of  neat 
and  of  setting  Into  a  hard  cohesive  mass  when 
cooled. 

Tile  Making  Machine.— No.  737,843.  Sept.  1> 
1903.  W.  A.  Houts,  Oakland,  Cal.  This  Invention  re 
lates  to  improvements  in  machines  for  manu- 
facturing drain  tiles,  conduit  sections  and  the 
like.  Its  object  Is  particularly  to  provide  an  ap- 
paratus suit,  bte  for  tbe  manufacture  of  pipe  or 
tiling  from  compositions  containing  asphaltum, 
sand  and  the  like. 

Evaporating  apparatus.— No.  737,812.  Sept.  1, 
1903.  W.  C.  Anderson,  San  Jose,  Cal.  Assigned 
to  Anderson-Barngrover  Mfg.  Co  ,  of  San  Jose, 
Cal.,  a  corporation,  of  California.  This  Invention 
Is  especially  applicable  to  the  evaporation  of 
fruits  of  all  kinds.  It  consists  In  the  construction 
of  a  furnace  and  drying  tunnels  disposed  in  in- 
dependent longitudinal  channels,  each  adapted  to 
receive  a  line  of  drying  trays,  and  in  a  means  for 
regulating  the  application  of  heat,  bo  that  an  ap- 
proximately even  division  of  tbe  heat  may  be 
made  and  constantly  directed  through  each  of  the 
drying  tunnels. 

Printing  Attachments  for  Roll  Paper 
Holders.— No.  737.822.  Sept.  1,  1903.  R.  E.  Bru- 
naool,  San  Franoisco,  Cal.  Half  assigned  to 
Barone  Carlo  Sobrero,  of  same  place.  This  inven- 
tion relates  to  improvements  in  devices  that  are 
Intended  to  be  attached  to  a  wrapping  paper  roll 
support  or  rack  and  which  devices  are  adapted  to 
print  the  name  or  an  advertisement  or  other  mat- 
ter upon  the  wrapping  sheet  as  it  is  unwound.  Its 
objeot  Is  to  provide  a  simple  compact  printing 
and  advertising  machine  adapted  to  receive 
printing  and  inking  rollers  of  different  diameters 
and  lengths  and  having  various  tension  devioes 
for  adjusting  it  to  to  the  several  rolls  and  to  the 
paper  roll  as  the  latter  is  diminished. 


| Commercial  Paragraphs.* 

The  Redfield  Drill  Co.,  Denver,  Colo., 
report  the  sale  of  two  of  their  hand  drills 
for  Australia:  also  one  to  W.  L.  Murphy, 
Keller,  Wash.,  and  one  to  W.  D.  Wilcox, 
Gleudale,  Or. 

The  following  orders  are  reported  re- 
ceived by  the  Mine  and  Smelter  Supply 
Co.  of  Denver,  Colo  :  One  eight-drill  Cin- 
cinnati duplex  air  compressor  for  Boulder, 
Colo.;  one  350  H.  P.  Babcock  &  Wilcox 
boiler  for  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.;  four  Wil- 
fley  tables  and  two  Wllfley  slime  tables  for 
the  Beaver  Creek  M.  Co.  of  Oregon;  nine- 
teen Wilfley  tables  for  the  Federal  Lead 
Co.  of  Missouri. 

IN  the  case  brought  by  the  Wilfley  Ore 
Concentrator  Syndicate,  Ltd.,  against 
tbe  Central  Cookman's  G.  M.  Co.,  the 
Victoria,  Auat.,  Chief  Justice  haB  granted 
an  order  restraining  the  defendants  from 
making  or  using  any  concentrating  table 
constructed  In  accordance  with  the  Wil- 
fley specifications  or  in  colorable  Imitation 
thereof  during  the  continuance  of  the 
patent.  The  concentrator  to  which  ex- 
ception was  taken  by  the  plaintiff  com- 
pany is  reported  to  have  been  manufac- 
tured for  the  defendants  by  a  South 
Australian  firm. 

THE  American  Concentrator  Co.,  of 
Joplln,  Mo  ,  atate  that  among  recent  ship- 
ments made  by  them  are  the  following: 
New  Century  jiga,  rolla  and  ore  feeders  to 
the  Missouri  Uopper  Mt  M.  Co  ,  Sullivan, 
Mo.,  and  to  the  Bolston  Zinc  Co.,  Mascot, 
Tenn.;  New  Century  jigs  to  the  Tybo  M. 
&  Reduction  Co  ,  Tybo,  Nev.;  Whitepine 
M.  Co.,  Sargenta,  Colo.,  and  to  the  Holt- 
hoff  Machinery  Co.,  for  the  Old  Dominion 
C.  M.  &  S.  Co  ,  of  Globe,  Ariz.  Eight 
coal  washing  jigs  for  jigging  anthracite 
coal  were  sent  to  the  Delaware  & 
Hudson  Co.,  to  be  used  In  their 
Plymouth  No.  2,  Carbondale  and 
Wilkeabarre  breakera,  they  having 
decided  to  adopt  these  machines  after 
trial  of  one  of  them  at  their  Plymouth 
No.  2  breaker  where  a  high  grade  of  cheat- 
nut  coal  la  being  removed  from  the  mate- 
rial formerly  rejected  to  the  culmbank. 


|  Obituary.  £ 

*  *■ 

W.  B.  Winn,  editor  and  proprietor  of 
the  Pacific  Oil  Reporter,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  died  on  the  9th  in8t ,  at  Berkeley, 
Cal ,  the  cause  of  death  being  inflamma- 
tion of  the  ear  drum,  which  affected  the 
brain.  Deceased  was  45  years  old  and  a 
graduate  of  Brown  University.  He  is  sur- 
vived by  a  widow  and  four  children. 


Latest    flarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  September  11,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy;  London, 
26§d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver.  57.1c,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  57Jc;  Mexican  dollars,  45£c 
San  Francisco,  45Jc  New  York. 

Silver  1b  atill  at  a  fair  price,  and,  ac- 
cording to  the  statement  of  Geo.  E. 
Roberts,  director  of  the  U.  S.  Mint  at 
Waahington,  D.  C  ,  made  in  Mb  addresa 
before  the  American  Mining  Congress  at 
Deadwood,  S.  D.,  it  has  seen  ita  worst 
days,  and  in  his  opinion  it  will  soon  reach 
and  maintain  a  stable  standard  of  value. 

COPPER.  —  New  York;  Standard, 
$13.75;  Lake,  1  to  3  caska,  $13.75@13  87}; 
Electrolytic,  1  to  3  casks,  S13.62J@13.75-, 
Caatlng,  1  to  3  casks,  813.37*;  San  Fran- 
cisco: 115.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@.24c.  London;  £57  7s  6d  spot 
per  ton. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.35;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louie,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  4}c  1000  to  4000 
lba.;  pipe  6},  Bheet  7,  bar  6Jc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:     £11  3s  6d    per  long  ton. 

SPELTER.  —  New  York,  $6.00;  St. 
Louie,  $5.00  ;  London,  £21  2a  6d  per  ton  ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6Jc;  100-lb  lots,  7c 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,'  $26.85;  San 
Francisco,  ton  lota,  28Jc;  600  tbe.,  29c; 
200  tos.,  29Jc;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  1ft  lb,  30c 
@32c.    London,  £122  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francieco,  crude, 
$18.00  1ft  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $47.00® 
47.50;  large  lote;  London,  £8  12a;  San 
Francieco,  local,  $44.50  1ft  flaek  of  78J  toe.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francieco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
17jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse, ,  37 jc. 


SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots 
18.76c;  San  Francieco,  Plumbers',  100-lb. 
lots,  15  50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  $  to.; 
ton  lots,  45@48c. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— PlttBburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $17  85 
@18  85;  gray  forge,  $15  60;  San  Fran- 
cieco, bar,  3c  $  lb.,  3jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pltteburg, 
127  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30  00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  lb. 

CHICAGO  CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $18  00@19.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 17.50@18.00 

Northern  2 17.00@17.50 

Northern  3 16  60@17.00 

Southern  1 16  35® 

Southern  2 15  85® 

Southern  3 15.35®,  - — - 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 20  50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00@29.00 

Bars,  iron 1  55® 

Bare,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Raile,  standard 28.00@30  00 

Raile,  light 34  00@40.00 

PlateB,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.76®  180 

Sheets,  26  store 2.90®  3  00 

No.  27 2  90®  3.00 

No.  28 3  00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

TeeB 1.80® 

Zeee .. 1.75® 

Channels 1. 76® 

Steel  melting  ecrap 14.5n@15  50 

Relaying  raile 28  00f»  30  00 

Dealers  forge 12  50@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14  50@15  00 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 14  00@14  50 

Iron  raile 19  00@20.00 

Car  wheels 19  00@20.00 

Caet  boringe 5  50®  6  50 

Turnings 11.00@11  50 

LUMBER.— (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00®25  00;  extra  sizes  higher, 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.60 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shlnglee,  $2.60  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.60 
(or  split  and  $15.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28  00 
@36.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  priceB):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.65;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.46;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.60;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lote. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.36  per  bbl. 

CEMENT —Imported,  $2  50@2  75  $ 
bbl  ;  California  carload  lots,  $2  26.f.  o.  b. 
at  works;  small  lots,  $2.50  p,  bbl.  In  sacks, 
4  aacke  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francieco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerlne,  per  lb.,  In  carload 
lote,  16tc;  less  than  one  ton,  1  He.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lote,  13Je;  leee  than  one  ton, 
16 Jc.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lote,  11  Jc;  lees 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  leee  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lota,  9Jc;  lees  than  one  ton, 
ll}c.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lote,  9c;  lees 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
in  carload  lote,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lote,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
18;  Lion,  $9,  In  lote  not  leee  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.«0  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lote  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6e,  It  oz.,  40s., 
11c  %  set:  14  oz.,  40a.,  10c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potasaium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  iftto.:  carloada, 
23@23Jc;  in  tins,  30c;  eodaaeh,  $1.95  1ft  100 
tbe. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  2jr22.1c  1ft 
ft, ;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}c$  lb;  Cal. 
a.  soda,  bble.,  $1.20@1.40  ifi  100  IDs.;  ska., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12®13c;  nitrate 
of  potaeh,  bble.,  10c;  cauetic  Dotash,  10c  in 
40-tb  tina;  roll  sulphur,  4@5c;  powdered 
sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur,  French, 
2@3c ;  alum.  $2.00@2.25 ;  California  re- 
fined, 2  ®  2Jc;  eulphide  of  iron,  8c  f,  ft>  ; 
copper  sulphate,  5@6c;  chloride  of  lime, 
epot,  $2  60@2.76:  eulphuric  acid,  in  car- 
boye,  66%  B,  2}c  1ft  ft.;  nitric  acid,  in 
carboye,  8c  B  lb' 

OILS. — Lineeed,  boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  ce., 
49c ;  raw,  bbl.,  42c ;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  46c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  44c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20Jc; 
Astral,  20Jc;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24jc; 
Eocene,  23jc;  Elaine,  26Jc;  Water  White, 
In  bulk,  14 Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  ca,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  ce,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaeo- 
line,  bulk,  17c;  do.,  ce.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27Jc;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
16c;  do.,  In  cs.,  22J  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 


bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  ce.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
70@60c;  Natural  White,  65c;  Bleached  do, 
50c;  Whale  Oil,  cb,  60®65c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francieco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.60; 
Coob  Bay,  $6.60;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $13 ;  Cannel, 
$8.50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13  00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.60  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks;  Sunnyslde,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  lb.,  In  kege:  600 
lbe.  and  over  at  one  purchaee,  per  ft., 
6c;  Ibbb  than  500  lbe.,  per  ft.,  6Jc;  In  25-ft.  tin 
paile,  Jc  per  lb.  above  keg  price;  In  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  lbe.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead— In  bbU.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  6@6c  per 
ft .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  lbs.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  lbs.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,   6@7c  per  ft 
powdered,  8@10c ;  fuaed,  20@25c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  1ft  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  *>-,  $1-00. 

MOLYBDENUM.-$2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnltrate,   per  ft.,  $1.75. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  1ft  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  <jft  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate.  66c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  #  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  lbs.,  34c;  ton 
lote  and  over,  33c,  Pltteburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
email  lots,  34c;  ton  lote  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $S  ft.,  $3.60. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  1ft  to., 
50c  ;  dust,  IS  to.,  10c ;  sulphate,  IB  to.,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
FranciBco.  unless  otherwise  noted. 1 


r ** 

SITUATIONS  WANTED. 


A  THOROUGHLY  COMPETENT  ASSAYER 
and  Analyst,  15  years'  experience,  with  a  good 
practical  knowledge  of  mining,  milling  and  smelt- 
ing, Is  open  for  engagement,  with  chance  for 
advancement.  Excellent  references.  Address 
"Everett"'  care  of  this  office. 


MILL  FOREMAN  WANTS  POSITION— CON- 
centration,  amalgamation,  cyaniding  and  as- 
saying; 20  years'  experience.  Best  of  references. 
Address  "Millman,"  1C56  South  Gaylord  St.,  Den- 
ver. Colo. 


MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  office. 

POSITION  BY  PRACTICAL  MINING  ENGI- 
neer;  20  years'  experience  in  U.  S.,  Alaska  and 
Mexico.  Reference  Al.  Specialty,  commercial 
mining.    Address  W.,  care  of  this  office. 

POSITION    DESIRED    AS     DRAUGHTSMAN, 
Surveyor,  Assayer  or  Bookkeeper.  Good  refer- 
ences. AddressH.W.K.,Box74,  Long  Beach, Wash. 

WANTED  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED  MINING 
Engineer  and  Manager,  a  position  as  mine 
manager  in  gold, silver  or  copper  proposition,  with 
a  first-class  corporation.  Have  had  35  years'  ex- 
perience In  D  S  and  Mexico;  prefer  Mexico. 
Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
well  acquainted  with  Mexico,  and  am  employed 
now.  Desire  a  change  between  November  and 
January  1st,  1901.  Salary  expect  d  not  1-  ss  than 
$5000  per  annum  Can  furnish  the  best  of  refer- 
ence. Address  "Mine  Manager,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press,  San  Franoisco,  Cal. 

WANTED -POSITION  WITH  SOME  MINING 
and  milling  company  desiring  an  electric!  n 
and  mecbaclc  familiar  with  all  leading  electrical 
machinery  and  having  experience  with  hydraulic 
plants,  eoeines,  boilers,  compressors  and  milling 
plants.  Will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  Inter- 
ested parties.  Address  "Mechanic,"  care  of  Min- 
ing and  Scientific  Press. 


WANTED-POSITION  BY  A  MINE  SUPT.  OR 
manager  of  30  years'  experience  in  practical 
mining  and  milling;  past  17  years  spent  io  super- 
intending, managing  and  '  xamining  mines.  Profit- 
able handling  of  low  grade  ores  a  specialty.  Cli- 
mate no  object.  Referenc  s  from  first-class  com- 
panies.   Address  "Utility,"  this  office. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION 
having  received  applications  lo  mine  by  hydraulic 
process  from  C  A  Poage  in  Phelps  Hill  Mine, 
Dear  Washington,  Nevada  Ccuntv,  Cal.,  draining 
Into  Jefferson  •  reek  wricb  reaches  South  Yuba 
River;  from  Plumas  Mines  Co  ,  in  Plumas  Mines, 
near  Quincy.  Plumas  County.  Cal..  draining  Into 
Squirrel  Creek  which  reaches  North  Fork  of 
Feather  River;  from  Excelsior  Hynraulio  Mining 
Co.,  in  Excelsior  Mine,  near  Lowell  Hill,  Nevada 
County,  Cal  ,  draining  into  North  Fork  Steep  Hol- 
low Creek  which  reaches  Feather  River,  gives  no- 
tice that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at  Room  98  Flood 
Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Sept.  28,  1903,  at 
1 :30  P.  m. 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  12,  1903. 


"* 

FOR  SALE. 
>-  < 


EXCEPTIONAL  BARGAIN  ! 

ONE  FOUR-FOOT  FRUE  VANNER,  fitted  with 
Brownell  Patent  Lip  Flange  Belt  Vanner  and 
Belt  absolutely  new.  Address  Fricot  &  Miller, 
t.atrobe,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 

The  Mines  of  Park  City.  Utah. 

Have  furnished  70%  of  the  lead,  62%  of  the  silver, 
70%  of  the  dividends  of  the  State.  Send  20  cents 
for  24-page  illustrated  edition  of  Park  City  Miner, 
with  map.    N.  B.  DRESSER,  Park  City,  Utah. 

MINING   PROPERTY   FOR  SALE. 

Consists  of  13,000  tons  of  tailings,  25,000  tons  of 
dump— both  pood  values.  Water  for  working  same. 
Situated  3  miles  from  railroad.  No  crushing  power 
required.  Guarantee  a  saving  of  80%.  Partners 
cannot  agree,  so  it  will  be  sold  cheap  Inquire  of 
James  McDermott,  Brooklyn  Ho1  el,  San  Francisco. 


FOR  SALE. 


FOUNTAIN 
Blacking   Brush. 


A  New  and  CIeanTy  Means  of  Applying 
Liquid  Blacking. 

With  no  pressure  on  bristles  the  small  brush  is 
kept  in  position  shown  by  dotted  lines  Y,  by  the 
spring  X.  With  pressure  on  bristles,  as  by  rub- 
bing, the  small  brush  is  raised  to  position  shown 
in  cut,  opening  the  valve  and  allowing  the  black- 
ing to  flow  onto  the  bristles  as  indicated  by  ar- 
rows. Thumb  screw  A  securely  locks  valve,  mak- 
ing brush  absolutely  tight.  Bottle  in  whioh  liquid 
blacking  is  sold  can  be  made  to  fasten  on  brush  at 
line  Z  and  serve  as  a  handle- 
Pat.  In  U.  S.  and  abroad.  For  sale  separately  or 
as  a  whole.  For  particulars,  address  E.  R  KING, 
Lafayette,  Contra  Costa  Co.,  Cal. 

NOTICE 

of  Receiver's  Sale  of  the  Electric  Plant,  Ap- 
paratus, and  Other  Property  of  the 
Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given  that  the  Reoelver,  by  ap- 
pointment of  the  District  Court  of  the  Second 
Judicial  District  of  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico, 
for  the  County  of  Bernalillo,  in  that  certain  cause 
pending  therein  wherein  Raymond  P.  Ripley  and 
others  are  defendants,  will,  under  and  by  virtue  of 
an  order  of  said  court  made  August  20,  1903,  re- 
ceive bids  for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  all  the 
property  of  the  said  Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company, 
now  in  his  possession  as  such  receiver.  Said 
property  consists  of  a  complete  cyanide  mill  of 
two  hundred  and  fifty  tons  opacity,  built  of  struc- 
tural iron,  various  other  buildings  such  as  stores, 
boarding  house,  store  house,  bunk  houses,  etc  ,  etc. 
The  machinery  consists  of  dry  crushing  apparatus, 
Davis  and  Allis  finishing  rolls,  twenty  stcel  leach- 
ing tanks  of  two  hundred  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty  tons  capacity;  also  sixteen  thousand  dol- 
lars worth  of  mining  and  mill  supplies;  office  fur- 
niture, etc  And  also,  situated  at  Madrid,  N.  M., 
an  electric  power  plant  and  structural  steel  build- 
ing, one  eight  hundred  horse  power  engine,  one  600 
K.  W.  generator,  complete  switches,  etc.,  etc.,  for 
a  twenty-thousand-volt  transmission,  and  other 
property  such  as  is  generally  us*d  in  connection 
with  such  a  mill  run  by  electricity,  Including  one 
hundred  miles  of  copper  transmission  wire. 

Also  the  Albemarle,  Pamlico.  Huron,  Ontario 
patented  mining  properties,  and  the  U.  M.  C.  and 
three-fourths  Interest  In  the  Red  Cloud,  containing 
in  all  almost  one  hundred  acres  and  having  five 
thousand  feet  on  the  strike  of  the  vein.  These 
mines  and  the  mills  are  situated  at  Albemarle, 
Sandoval  County,  New  Mexico,  twenty-four  miles 
from  Thornton  on  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  Ry.— the  other 
property  at  Madrid  on  said  railway. 

Bids  will  be  received  bv  the  undersigned  for  the 
sale  of  said  property,  or  any  part  thereof,  for  sixty 
days  from  the  date  of  this  notice.  For  the  Madrid 
power  plant  property,  and  the  electrical  machin- 
ery, bids  must  be  itemized,  fixing  the  price  to  be 
paid  upon  each  separate  article;  and,  also,  sepa- 
rate bids  must  be  submitted  for  the  wire,  on  ac- 
oount  of  conflicting  interests  in  the  property.  The 
buildings  and  other  property  may  be  removed  by 
purchasers  from  the  premises  on  which  they  are 
located. 

A  reasonable  deposit,  certified  check  or  cash, 
must  accompany  each  bid  as  a  guaranty  of  good 
faith  and  responsibility. 

Lists  of  the  property  and  all  other  information 
rpquested  will  be  furnished  upon  application  to 
the  Receiver.  WILLIAM  SPENCER, 

Receiver. 
P.  O.  Address:    Albuquerque,  New  Mexico. 

August  21,  1903. 


PICHER 

Natural 

Blue  Lead 

Paint. 


Best  protective  paint  for  all  Iron  and  steel  sur- 
faces. Withstands  the  action  of  sulphuretted 
hydrogen  gases.  Send  25  cts.  to  cover  express 
charges  for  one  quart  and  illustrated  booklet  free. 

Address  Dept.  B. 

PICHER  LEAD  CO. 

Chicago,  III.     Joplin,Mo.     New  York,  N.Y. 


RELIABLE  MINING  MAN 

having  oharge  of  property  in  Mariposa  oounty, 
temporarily  closed  down,  would  examine,  assay 
and  report  on  mines  in  this  vicinity.  Correspond- 
ence solicited.  P.  O.  Box  65,  Coulterville,  Mari- 
posa County,  Cal. 


r 


WANTED. 


7 


WANTED— A  First-Class 
Assayer  and  Chemist, 

with  extended  cyanide  experience,  for  position  of 
Assayer  and  Chemist  with  large  gold  mining  com- 
pany, with  cyanide  plant.  Must  have  best  of 
references.  State  age,  experience  and  salary 
wanted.  Address  "Chemist,"  care  of  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press. 

WANTED. 

A  Double  Drum  First  Motion  Hoist  Engine,  not 
less  than  16x32  or  greater  than  20x40;  capable  of 
sinning  1500  feet  or  more  Round  rope  preferred. 
Capping  stone  and  all  connections  required,  in- 
cluding sheaves.  All  must  be  In  flrst-clas  *  condi- 
tion. Name  lowest  price  f.  o.  b.  cars.  Address 
PITTSBURGH  &  MONTANA  COPPER  CO., 
Lock  Box  No.  1098,  Butte,  Montana. 


*  Florence  and 

Cripple  Creek 

RAILROAD 

And   Associated   Companies. 

The  Connecting  Link  between  the  Gold 

Mines  of  the  Cripple  Creek  District 

and  the  mills  and  smelters 

in  the  valley  below. 

40=Miles=40 

Of  the  grandest  mountain  scenery  on 
earth.    Connecting  at  Canon  City 
and  Florence  with  all  Denver 
&    Rio    Grande    Railroad 
trains  from  east  and  west. 
For  rates,  routes  and  literature  descrip- 
tive of  the  Cripple  Creek  District, 
call  on  or  address 

I-.    R.    FORD, 

Vice-Pres.  end  Traffic  Manager, 
j  DENVER, COLO. 


ASSESSMENT    NOTICE. 


INTO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  OALIFORNIA.- 
Locatlon  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California;  location  of  works, 'Inyo,  layo 
County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  18th  day  of  August 
1903,  an  assessment  (No.  37)  of  five  (5)  cents  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  tbo  office  of  the  company 
room  30.  fifth  floor.  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  whiah  this  assessment  Bhall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  15th  day  of  October,  1903,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  Is  madebefore.willbe 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  November, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHARLES  B.  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 
Office— Room  30,  fifth   floor,  MIIIb  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California. 


ANNUAL  MEETING. 


MONEY 
LOANED 
MINES. 


Developed  or  partly  devel- 
oped which  have  Ore  In 
sight.  First-class  refer- 
ences.   Established  1853. 

E.  N.  BREITDNG  &  CO., 
Marquette,  Mich 


rfi^DEWEY,STRONG&CO.>ffS 

patents! 


The  Regular  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Stockholders 
of  the  Golden  West  Consolidated  Mining  Company 
will  be  held  at  the  office  of  the  company,  at  Iowa 
Hill,  Placer  County,  California,  on  Saturday,  the 
26th  day  of  September.  1903,  at  the  hour  of  9  o'clock 
a.  m.,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  Board  or  Direct- 
ors to  serve  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  the  trans- 
action of  such  other  business  as  may  come  before 
the  meeting.       E.  M.  ARMSTRONG,  Secretary. 

Office— Woodland,  Cal. 


THE  ROESSLER  ft  HASSLAGHER  CHEMICAL  CO., 

100  William  Street,  Hew  Tort. 


CYANIDE 


Peroxide  of  Sodium 


Hyposulphite  of  Soda 


Chloride  of  Lime 


HENRY  CAREY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

INDUSTRIAL  PUBLISHERS,  BOOK  SELLERS  ft  IMPORTERS. 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Fa.,  U.  S.  A. 

tWOur  New  cmd  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  92  pages,  8vo.;  a  Catalogue  of  Books  on 
Metallurgy,  Mining,  Prospecting,  Mineralogy,  Geology, 
Assaying,  Analysis,  etc.;  a  Catalogue  of  Books  on  Steam 
and  the  Steam  Engine,  Machinery,  etc.;  a  Catalogue  of 
Boohs  on  Sanitary  Science,  Qas  Fitting,  Plumbing,  etc., 
and  our  other  Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering 
every  branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  th*  vtnrld  viJm 
will  furnish  Ms  address. 

ROSE'S 

Complete  Practical  Machinist. 

The  Complete  Practical  Machinist:  Embracing 
Lathe  Work,  Vise  Work,  Drills  and  Drilling-.  Taps 
and  Dies.  Hardening  and  Temperlog\  The  Making 
and  Use  of  Tools  Tool  Grioding.  Marking  out  Work, 
Machine  Tools,  etc.  Bv  Joshua  RoBe,  M.  E  Illus- 
trated by  395  engravings,  19th  edition,  greatly  en- 
larged, with  new  and  valuable  ma  ter.  12tno.  504 
pages  Price.  »3  50  By  mall,  free  of  postage, 
to  any  address  In  the  wond. 

By  the  same  author: 
Rose.— Mechanical  Drawing  Self-Taught.    830 

Illustrations     8vo $4.00 

Rose  — Thf»Slide  Valve  Prac-ically  Explained. 

Illustrated.    12m'o 1.00 

Rosa  —  ModernSteatn Engines.   Illustrated  by 

463  engravings      4to 6.00 

Rose  —Steam   BoilerB.    A  practical  Treatise 

on  Boiler  Construction  and  Examination. 

73  illustrations.    8vo 2.60 

t2TElaborate  Illustrated  Circulars  of  the  above  Im- 
portant Books  will  bi  mailed  to  any  one  in  any  part  of 
the  world  sending  his  address. 

B3?~  The  above  books  sent  by  mail,  free  of  postage,  at  the 
publication  prices,  to  any  address  in  the  world. 

HENRY  CABBY  BAIRD  &  CO., 

INDUSTRIAL  PrTBLI8HER8,BOOKSELLERSAIMPORTERS, 
810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 


MIN F  R  S*  sta*es  prospectors- 

/^Tir*  Finances  good 

(jKUd-  properties. 

STAKE  CO. 


11  BROADWAY, 
NEW  TORE. 


Sulphide  of  lion 

And   Other    Chemical,   tor    Mining    Purpose* 


DEWEY,  STRONG  &  CO., 

Patent  Agents,  S.  F.,  Cal.,  and  Washington,  D  C. 


Hemlock  Knots 

A  popular  material  for 
machine  bearings. 

But  this  was  when  our 
grandfathers  "settled  up 
the  country"  and  made 
their  own  grindstone 
frames  and  horse  powers. 
The  world  has  moved,  since 
then,  over  an  OCE\N  OF 
OIL,  running  to  waste. 


GRAPHITE- 


BUSH/NGS 


Machinery  builders  and 
users  have  learned  that 
there  is  economy  and  effi- 
ciency in  using  our 

Graphite  and 

Bronze 

Bearings 

that  RUN  WITHOUT  OIL. 


r330  MARKET  5T.SF. 


The  Graphite  Lubricating:  Co. 

CHURCH    ST.    ISErtR    VVlrtllN, 

BOUND  BROOK,  N.  J  ,  U.  S.  A. 


Some  People  "Get  Gay"  and 

Blow  All  the  "Dough" 

THE     COMPANY     PUTS     UP 

FOR  FINE  SHAFT=HOUSES,  HOISTS,  Etc. 

Others  buy 

"Common  Sense  Steel  Whims," 

spending  the  balance  on  underground  work  and  develop  bonanzas. 

So  many  large  mines  have  been  opened  up  in  this  way  that  it's  now  considered 
lucky  to  start  with  a  "Common  Sense  Steel  Whim." 

THE  STRONG  MINE, 

In  Cripple  Creek  district,  was  among  the  first 
prominent  mines  discovered.  Mr.  F.  E.  Kearney 
became  interested  In  It  shortly  after  its  dlscov 
ery,  bought  a  "Common  Sense  Steel  Whim"  and 
put  the  shaft  down  150  feet,  opened  up  a  small 
body  of  ore  which  gave  the  mine  its  start,  and  to- 
day it  is  worth  $1,500,000. 

No  patent  on  this  common  sense  way  of  develop- 
ing bonanzas; 


The  Patent  is  on  the  Whim. 

We  have  been  trying  to  send  you  a  catalogue  for 
a  long  time,  but  have  given  it  up  until  you  write 
and 


TELL     US     WHERE    YOU'RE     AX. 

THE  J.  H.  nONTGOflERY  riACHINERY  CO., 


J 


1216  to  1224  Curtis  St. 


DENVER,  COLO.,  U.  S.  A. 


Whole  No.  2252. 


VOLUME   LXX.XYI1. 

Knmber  12. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  19,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 

Single  Copies,  Ten  Oenti. 


Working  Costs. 

It  bas  been  said  "anybody  can  run  a  mine,"  and 
this  is  true,  but  there  is  a  very  important  factor  in 
the  manner  in  which  a  mine  is  run — the  personal 
equation  is  a  very  large  and  extremely  variable  one. 
There  are  scores  of  instances  where  business  men — 
by  which  is  meant  men  who  have  made  a  success  of 
business  along  commercial  lines,  usually  merchandis- 
ing, and  professional  men  (not  mining  engineers)  and 
others  with  neither  college  nor  business  training  who 
with  perfect  confidence  in  themselves — a  confidence 
born  of  success  in  other  lines — have  undertaken  the 
management  of  mines,  probably  having  heard  that 
"anybody  can  run  a  mine."  Of  the  large  number 
who  represent  this  class  very  few  of  them  have  re- 
corded success  during  the  first  years  of  their  mining 
experience,  and  where  an  exception  has  been  found, 
the  mine  and  not  the  manager,  was  responsible,  for 
truly  almost  any  one  could  have  made  it  pay — such 
mines  are  more  rare  than  the  individuals  who  essay 
to  conduct  mining  operations  without  experience  in 
the  business. 

In  the  direction  of  mines  the  question  of  cost  is 
paramount,  whether  the  mine  be  large  or  small,  rich 
or  low  grade.  If  the  mine  pays  handsomely  the  con- 
scientious and  capable  manager  will  strive  to  make 
it  pay  more;  if  it  pays  a  small  profit  he  will  endeavor 
to  increase  this  small  gain,  if  only  by  a  few  cents  per 
ton.  If  the  mine  fails  to  pay  by  a  small  margin  then 
the  manager  must  work  and  plan  and  direct  affairs 
in  such  a  manner  as  to  reduce  all  costs  to  the  lowest 
possible  figure.  He  endeavors  to  increase  capacity 
without  greater  expense.  If  the  ore  requires  much 
handling  he  schemes  to  avoid  this,  and  to  make  the 
rock  travel  by  gravity  as  far  as  possible,  from  stope 
to  stamp.  It  may  be  necessary  to  make  many 
changes  under  ground,  on  the  surface  and  in  the  mill 
to  accomplish  this,  but  if  the  tonnage  justifies  it  the 
changes  should  be  made. 

There  are  many  instances  of  record  where  a  mine 
in  operation  returns  about  the  cost  of  working  it, 
but  the  management  was  either  inexperienced  or  too 
parsimonious  to  make  the  needed  changes.  A  new 
man  appointed  to  the  management  saw  at  once 
where  money  was  being  wasted.  Needed  re- 
forms in  the  working  force   were  made,  necessary 


Forty-Stamp  Mill.  Baliol  Mine,  Near  Sutter  Creek,  Cal.    (See  Page  183 


changes  in  the  method  of  mining  introduced,  the 
transportation  problem  was  revised  and  changed  for 
the  better,  and  the  mine  entered  at  once  upon  a  ca- 
reer of  prosperity  which  attracted  the  attention  of 
the  mining  world  to  the  mine  and  to  the  manager. 

In  one  instance  a  mine  was  operated  through  an 
inclined  shaft.  The  ore  was  delivered  from  the  skips 
into  a  bin  in  the  head  frame  at  the  collar  of  the  shaft. 
From  there  it  was  trammed  several  hundred  feet  to  a 
chute  and  dumped.  From  this  chute  it  was  drawn 
into  cars  on  a  lower  tramway  trammed  and  dumped 
a  second  time  into  a  vertical  shaft  connecting  with  a 
tunnel.  Here  the  ore  was  reloaded  and  trammed  to 
the  mill,  where  it  was  distributed  to  two  rock  break- 
ers, requiring  the  services  of  two  men  per  shift.  The 


Hoist  and  Head  Frame,  Main  Shaft  Baliol  Mine,  Near  Sutter  Creek,  Cal      (See  Page  183  ) 


disposition  of  the  breakers  and  grizzlies  was  such 
that  when  the  ore  bins  were  not  nearly  full  it 
was  necessary  to  put  men  into  the  bins  to  shovel  the 
ore  to  the  doors  leading  to  the  feeders — and  this  was 
often  the  case.  A  new  manager  was  appointed  who 
made  many  much-needed  changes  in  the  arrangement 
as  described.  He  first  put  in  competent  foremen, 
and  in  a  short  time  had  a  far  better  wor  king  force. 
The  rock  breakers  were  removed  from  the  mill  and 
a  larger  single  breaker  placed  near  the  shaft  to  re- 
ceive the  ore  from  the  bin  in  the  head  frame.  It  was 
then  trammed  to  the  vertical  chute  by  an  extension 
of  the  tramway  along  the  hillside  so  as  to  dispense 
with  the  trammers  on  the  intermediate  section  of  the 
tramway.  The  track  leading  to  the  mill  was  changed 
from  the  center  of  the  building  at  the  back  to  the 
end  so  that  the  cars  could  enter  at  that  place  that  the 
ore  might  be  dumped  in  the  bin  wherever  desired. 
These  changes  cost  about  $3000.  The  mill  was  hung 
up  meantime,  but  this  permitted  an  opportunity  to 
do  development  work  and  to  put  in  much  needed 
raises  in  order  that  mining  might  be  more  economi- 
cally conducted.  By  the  changes  made  four  tram- 
mers and  two  breaker  men  were  dispensed  with, 
making  a  direct  saving  of  nearly  $500  per  month, 
beside  which  shoveling  in  the  mill  bins  was  no  longer 
necessary,  and  the  mill  was  constantly  supplied  with 
ore  by  reason  of  new  development.  The  extension 
of  the  tunnel  on  the  mill  level  to, the  shaft  furnished 
a  means  of  drainage  more  than  100  feet  lower  than 
the  collar  of  the  shaft,  and  also  greatly  improved  the 
ventilation  of  the  mine.  Had  this  tunnel  been  prop- 
erly planned  in  the  first  place  it  could  have  been 
made  the  main  adit  from  the  shaft  and  the  rock 
breaker  set  below  the  bins  that  might  have  been 
built  near  its  portal  which  would  have  still  further 
improved  matters,  but  the  tunnel  had  been  drived  in 
several  hundred  feet  prior  to  the  advent  of  the  new 
manager. 

The  above  is  a  bona  fide  instance  where  a  mine 
emerged  from  a  non-paying  to  a  profitable  enterprise. 
The  accomplishment  was  not  through  any  secret 
means,  but  by  the  exercise  of  good  judgment — the 
result  of  experience  and  technical  training.  Any 
other  mining  engineer  with  experience  and  good 
sense  would  probably  have  made  similar  changes  and 
have  scored  a  like  success. 


180 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19, 1903. 


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TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  Pase- 

Forty-Stamp  Mill,  Baliol  Mines,  Near  Sutter  Creek,  Cal 179 

Hoist  and  Head  Frame,  Main  Shaft  Baliol  Mine,  Sutter  Creek.179 

The  Berrigan  Separator 184 

Sectional  View  Pyritic  or  Matting  Blast  Furnace 184 

General  Arrangement  of  Reduction  Plant  at  New  Goon  Gold 

Mines,  Witwatersrand,  South  Africa 186 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 189 

editorial: 

Working  Costs 179 

"Hobby"  of  Inexperienced  Mine  Managers 180 

An  Untimely  Dividend 180 

Does  Not  Eliminate  the  Risk 180 

Two  Important  Meetings 180 

Complication  in  Nevada  Over  Whereabouts  of  Tonopah 180 

The  Present  Labor  Situation 180 

MINING   SUMMARY 190-191-192-193-194 

latest  market  reports 195 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 181 

Raw  Copper  P  ates 182 

The  American  Mining  Congress 182 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt 183 

GoldTields  of  the  Atlantic  Slope 183 

Copper  Matting  Pyritic  Smelting 184 

New  Engines  for  the  Santa  Fe  Co 184 

Berrigan  Centrifugal  Separator 184 

Topographic  Map  of  Part  of  Southern  California 184 

To  Assist  a  Severe  Electric  Shock 184 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 186 

Cyanide  Treatment  of  Sands  on  the  Rand 186 

Ore  Deposits  of  the  Northern  Blaok  Hills 187 

Pyritio  Smelting 188 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 189 

Personal 194 

Obituary 195 

Commercial  Paragraphs 195 

Catalogues  Received 195 

New  Patents 195 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 195 


WITH  some  inexperienced  managers  their 
"hobby"  is  to  keep  every  man  busy,  but  if 
this  manager  does  not  know  what  a  man  is  capable 
of  doing  or  what  he  should  do  in  a  shift's  work  the 
men  quickly  find  it  out  and  impose  upon  him,  even  in 
his  presence.  Under  such  a  man  the  pay  roll  usually 
"  carries  from  10%  to  40%  too  many  names,  though  all 
are  "busy." 

AN  untimely  dividend  is  often  forced  from  a  com- 
pany's directors  in  opposition  to  their  judg- 
ment and  wishes  by  impatient  stockholders,  who  can 
not  understand  why  money  in  the  treasury  could  be 
better  used  in  insuring  or  creating  conditions  that 
would  enable  the  company  to  pay  bigger  and  more 
permanent  dividends  later  on.  The  best  way  to  pre- 
vent dissatisfaction  or  suspicion  is  to  be  frank.  Few 
stockholders  will  want  to  adopt  a  suicidal  policy  if 
they  can  be  shown  that  the  best  interests  of  the  cor- 
poration can  be  better  served  by  betterment  of  the 
company's  property  than  skinning  the  treasury  in  an 
effort  to  satisfy  the  unthinking  by  declaring  a  divi- 
dend out  of  money  that  could  be  well  employed  in  de- 
velopment and  improvement. 

FLOTATION  of  bonds  on  a  mining  proposition  does 
not  eliminate  the  risk,  nor  does  the  new  guar- 
anty plan  of  trust  companies  "  guaranteeing"  the 
mining  stock  change  the  speculative  feature  of  any 
embryo  mine  development.  The  value  of  a  prospect 
is  just  what  its  very  name  implies — prospective — and 
no  amount  of  cuttle-fish  "  guarantys  "  can  extract 
the  speculative  feature.  Fortunately  this  is  almost 
invariably  manifest  and  constitutes  one  of  the  attrac- 
tions of  the  game,  though  in  the  sometimes  sinister 
effacement  of  values,  the  grim  reflection  forces  itself 
on  one's  attention  that  the  principal  mistake  was  in 
not  requiring  a  guaranty  for  the  company  that 
"  guaranteed  "  the  prospect.  Nothing  will  ever  wholly 
eliminate  the  element  of  risk  from  development  of  a 
prospect,  and  nothing  will  so  tend  to  minimize  that 
risk  as  the  exercise  of  the  same  common  sense  and 
judgment,  the  same  intelligent  sticktoitiveness  that 
makes  a  success  of  the  development  of  any  business, 
whether  mining,  professional,  mercantile  or  manu- 
facturing. 


Two  Important  Meetings. 

The  American  Mining  Congress  concluded  its  sixth 
annual  meeting  at  Dead  wood,  S.  D.,  on  Saturday,  the 
12th  inst.  The  mining  men  of  the  Black  Hills 
did  all  possible  to  render  the  stay  of  their  vis- 
itors pleasant  and  profitable.  The  meetings  were 
well  attended,  notwithstanding  the  stormy  weather 
fthere  being  an  early  snowfall  throughout  the  Hills 
during  the  congress),  and  the  numerous  papers  will 
form  a  valuable  feature  of  the  transactions  of  the 
Association.  Those  of  a  technical  or  practical 
character  are  reproduced  in  the  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press  for  the  benefit  of  those  who  were  unable 
to  attend  the  congress  in  person. 

During  the  present  week  the  Irrigation  Congress  is 
in  session  at  Ogden,  Utah.  It  is  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant gatherings  of  men  ever  held  in  the  West  to 
discuss  the  problems  of  irrigation.  It  is  the  more 
noticeable  that  a  mining  man — W.  A.  Clark  of  Butte, 
Mont. — has  been  chosen  president  of  the  congress. 
The  primary  object  of  the  congress  is  to  secure  a 
proper  disposition  and  expenditure  of  the  money  de- 
voted by  the  Government  to  irrigation  in  the  West. 
There  are  millions  of  acres  of  semi-arid  land  in  the 
West,  a  large  portion  of  which  would  become  fertile 
if  supplied  with  proper  irrigation  facilities.  For  sev- 
eral years  past  the  Government  has  been  making  in- 
vestigations along  these  lines  under  the  auspices  of 
the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  and  a  large 
amount  of  money  has  been  expended  in  furtherance 
of  the  plans  and  suggestions  of  the  Government  en- 
gineers. The  irrigation  papers  and  special  volumes 
devoted  to  hydrography  and  irrigation  form  some  of 
the  most  interesting  publications  of  the  Geological 
Survey.  Much  has  already  been  accomplished  by 
the  Government  in  the  way  of  conservation  of  water, 
and  elaborate  plans  have  been  prepared  for  further 
work  in  this  direction. 

The  subjects  for  discussion  coming  before  the  con- 
gress will  be  of  an  important  character,  and  great 
good  can  only  result.  Miners  as  well  as  agriculturists 
are  interested  in  the  great  water  problems — how  to 
perpetuate  the  average  annual  rainfall  and  by  what 
means  to  care  for  it.  Under  existing,  though  already 
greatly  improved,  conditions,  there  is  a  tremendous 
waste  of  storm  waters  throughout  the  West,  where 
the  water  is  most  needed,  as  the  more  humid  climate 
of  States  from  the  Mississippi  valley  eastward  ren- 
der irrigation  unnecessary. 

Plans  have  been,  and  are  still,  being  devised  by 
the  Government  engineers  looking  to  the  utilization 
of  this  wasted  water.  In  the  high  uplands  of  the 
West  farms  without  water  are  almost  worthless, 
while  with  it  they  become  valuable  property.  Mines 
can  not  operate  without  water,  excepting  in  a  few 
instances  where  the  ore  is  high  grade,  and  even  then 
water  can  not  be  dispensed  with  entirely,  and  it  is 
often  necessary  to  haul  it  many  miles  in  tank  wagons. 
This  is  particularly  the  case  on  the  deserts  of  Califor- 
nia and  Arizona  and  in  the  Great  Basin  region,  and 
often,  too,  within  plain  sight  of  mountain  ranges  cov- 
ered with  snow,  where  there  is  abundance  of  water, 
all  of  which  is  lost  shortly  after  it  flows  out  on  the 
desert  plain.  It  is  to  impound  this  wasted  water 
that  the  Government  has  undertaken  the  task  of 
searching  out  suitable  reservoir  sites,  and,  by  making 
careful  stream  measurements,  to  estimate  the  prob- 
able amount  of  water  that  may  be  depended  upon  in 
any  particular  locality. 

The  conservation  of  water  also  contemplates  the 
preservation  of  the  forests,  as  far  as  possible,  for 
the  general  opinion  is  that  if  the  mountains  be  de- 
nuded of  the  forests  the  average  of  annual  rainfall 
will  decrease,  and  in  some  sections  dwindle  to  almost 
nothing.  Good  authority  is  responsible  for  the  state- 
ment that  the  removal  of  large  areas  of  forest  trees 
in  some  regions  has  been  followed  by  a  marked  de- 
crease of  rainfall. 


AN  interesting  complication  has  arisen  in  Nevada 
over  the  whereabouts  of  Tonopah.  For  the 
past  three  years,  it  has  been  generally  believed  to  be 
in  Nye  county,  though  there  were  those  who  con- 
tended otherwise.  About  a  year  ago  an  engineer 
was  employed  by  the  county  of  Esmeralda  to  deter- 
mine the  disputed  question  and  he  stated,  after  a 
survey,  that  Tonopah  was  situated  over  a  mile  east 
of  the  Esmeralda  county  line  in  Nye  county.     The 


County  Commissioners  of  Esmeralda  county,  being 
still  dissatisfied,  appealed  to  the  Interior  Department 
at  Washington.  An  engineering  corps  was  sent  to 
Nevada  and,  after  a  three  months'  campaign  in  the 
field,  it  was  determined  that  Tonopah  is  almost 
wholly  in  Esmeralda  county,  and  the  business  and 
greater  part  of  the  residence  section,  as  well  as 
many  of  the  mines,  are  in  Esmeralda. 


The  Present  Labor  Situation. 

Throughout  the  greater  part  of  last  summer  and 
up  to  the  present  time,  from  almost  every  mining 
State  of  the  West  has  come  weekly  the  news  of 
strikes,  shutdowns,  lockouts,  and  the  other  features 
resulting  from  the  attempts  of  organized  labor  to 
enforce  its  demands  for  shorter  hours,  higher  wages, 
"recognition  of  the  union,"  etc.  The  situation  at 
this  date  shows  but  slight  improvement  on  the  whole, 
though  winter  is  approaching  with  its  rigors,  and  it 
will  find  thousands  of  miners  in  the  West  unprepared, 
but  apparently  little  thought  is  given  this  phase  of 
the  situation. 

In  the  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  district,  a  few  men  are 
at  work  in  several  of  the  mines  under  military  pro- 
tection, and  at  the  same  time  the  municipal  and 
county  officers  seem  to  be  endeavoring  to  handicap 
the  military  authorities  in  every  way  possible.  On 
the  15th  inst.,  a  consignment  of  Krag-Jorgensen 
rifles  and  60,000  rounds  of  ammunition  were  sent 
into  the  district  by  the  Government  for  use  of  the 
militia.  As  the  presence  of  State  troops  appears 
obnoxious  to  some  of  the  citizens,  steps  are  to  be 
taken  by  some  of  them  to  test  the  power  of  the 
militia,  getting  the  case  before  the  Supreme  Court  as 
soon  as  possible.  Under  the  constitution  of  the 
State  of  Colorado,  the  militia  has  scant  authority, 
there  being  very  little  latitude  given  the  commanding 
officers,  and  the  power  of  declaring  martial  law  is 
denied  the  Governor  of  the  State.  An  attempt  is 
being  made  to  secure  a  large  number  of  miners  in  the 
southwest  Missouri  lead  and  zinc  mines,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  breaking  the  strike  in  the  Cripple  Creek  dis- 
trict. This  plan  was  successfully  adopted  in  1894  in 
Leadville.  Undoubtedly  the  advent  of  Missouri  min- 
ers into  the  troublous  district  about  Cripple  Creek 
will  be  the  signal  for  immediate  trouble,  unless  the 
militia  is  sufficiently  strong  to  prevent  it;  although 
Missouri  miners  have  heretofore  demonstrated  their 
ability  to  take  care  of  themselves,  pretty  well. 

In  the  San  Juan  country,  in  southwest  Colorado, 
the  mining  industry  is  practically  at  a  standstill,  on 
account  of  labor  troubles.  All  the  large  mines  of  Mar- 
shall and  Savage  basins  are  closed,  except  the  Tomboy, 
where  twenty-five  men  are  at  work.  The  Smuggler- 
Union  is  closed,  the  electric  machinery  removed  from 
the  mine  and  the  hoists  painted  and  covered  as  for  a 
long  period  of  idleness.  A  few  of  the  smaller  mines 
are  working,  the  unions  for  some  reason  not  extend- 
ing their  demands  beyond  the  larger  concerns. 

In  Yavapai  county,  Arizona,  little  headway  is  be- 
ing made  in  resuming  work  in  the  idle  mines.  In  a 
few  instances  small  crews  of  men  have  been  put  to 
work,  but  the  strike  is  practically  still  on  throughout 
that  country.  The  mines  of  southeast  Arizona  are 
in  operation.  In  the  Clifton  and  Morenci  section  the 
troubles  of  early  summer  have  been  adjusted  or  new 
men  have  taken  the  place  of  the  strikers. 

In  the  Searchlight,  Nevada,  district  the  mines  still 
remain  closed,  the  owners  showing  no  disposition  to 
recede  from  their  position.  The  mine  owners  and 
operators  of  the  district,  as  in  many  other  sections, 
organized  an  association,  announced  their  intentions 
as  to  hours,  wages  and  their  attitude  toward  union 
labor,  and  this  appears  to  be  the  only  mine  owners' 
association  that  has  held  rigidly  to  its  expressed  de- 
termination. 

In  the  Randsburg  district  of  California  about 
seventy  miners  were  brought  in  from  the  Missouri  zinc 
mines  in  Joplin  district  and  the  Yellow  Aster  mine 
and  mill  are  again  in  operation.  The  saloons  of  the 
district  are  reported  closed  by  the  local  authorities, 
and  thus  far  no  trouble  has  resulted. 

The  Dunsmuir  coal  mines  on  Vancouver  island,  at 
Ladysmith  and  Cumberland,  are  again  working  to 
their  full  capacity  and  there  is  no  lack  of  miners. 
The  local  union  decided  to  renounce  the  Western  Fed- 
eration of  Miners  and  withdrew  from  that  body, 
since  which  time  they  have  worked  steadily. 


September  19.  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


181 


c 


CONCENTRATES. 


The  coefficient  of  linear  expansion  of  concrete  Is 
0.0000099  per  1°  C. 

* 

The  Pittsburg  Reduction  Co.  Is  almost  solely  the  pro- 
ducer of  aluminum   In   this  country.     The  price  varies 
from  32  cents  to  36  cents  per  pound. 
* 

ABOUT  75%  of  the  yield  of  Mexican  mines  Is  silver.   In 
former  years  the  proportion  was  much  greater,  but  of 
late  gold  and  copper  have  been  mined  In  larger  quantities. 
* 

IT  Is  the  practical  experience  of  many  successful  min- 
ing superintendents  that  for  every  ton  of  ore  extracted 
there  ought  to   be  enough   men   at   work   to   open    up 

another  ton. 

* 

Perpendicular  does  not  always  mean  at  right  an- 
gles to  the  horizon.  Geometrically  It  means  a  line  drawn 
at  right  angles  to  some  other  line.  Vertical  always 
means  at  right  angles  to  the  horizon.  A  plumbllne 
hangs  vertically. 

There  Is  no  present  competition  to  any  great  extent 
on  the  Pacific  coast  between  foreign  and  domestic  coal, 
but  there  Is  the  keenest  kind  of  competition  between 
coal  of  any  kind  and  fuel  oil,  with  the  odds  very  much 
in  favor  of  the  latter,  as  an  economical  factor  In  the  cost 
problem. 

A  "  BUSHEL  "  of  charcoal  Is  understood  to  be  a  heaped 
bushel,  which  would  equal  2688  cubic  Inches.  The 
"struck,"  or  ordinary  bushel  of  dry  measure,  contains 
2150.42  cubic  inches.  The  legal  bushel  measure  is  a  cyl- 
inder ISA  Inches  diameter  and  8  Inches  depth,  inside 
measurement. 

iii 

Porcelain  enamel  coating  has  been  recommended 
for  cast  Iron  pipe.  It  would  add  about  20%  to  the  cost  of 
the  pipe,  but  would  Insure  the  full  carrying  capacity  of 
the  pipe  during  its  life,  besides  being  proof  against  elec- 
trolysis. The  sand  blast  method  of  cleaning  before  coat- 
ing Is  also  recommended. 

Mexican  mining  law  does  not  recognize  "  extralateral 
rights."  On  that  subject  It  says:  "The  unit  of  conces- 
sion or  mining  claim  shall  be  a  solid  of  Indefinite  depth, 
limited  as  to  its  exterior  boundaries  by  a  section  of  the 
surface  embraced  within  horizontal  planes  measuring  100 
meters  on  all  four  sides,  and  in  depth  by  vertical  planes 
passing  through  the  same." 

* 

Steam  turbine  tests  show  a  very  low  steam  con- 
sumption, In  one  case  less  than  eleven  pounds  per  indi- 
cated horse  power.  Even  higher  efficiencies  are  claimed 
under  unusually  favorable  conditions.  One  of  Its  strong- 
est claims  to  practical  use  is  its  adaptability  to  the  use  of 
superheated  steam  at  temperatures  entirely  beyond  the 
range  of  the  reciprocating  engine. 
* 

IN  roasting  galena  the  sulphide  of  lead  goes  largely 
Into  the  form  of  sulphate,  which  can  be  completely  de- 
composed only  by  means  of  silica;  but  this  Involves  a 
high  temperature,  and  the  loss  of  lead  Is  so  large  that 
the  practice  of  slag  roasting  has  now  been  generally 
abandoned  In  the  United  States.  The  temperature  re- 
quired for  the  desulphurizatlon  of  zlncblende  Is  also 
high,  and,  when  ore  contains  lead,  the  loss  of  that  metal 
by  volatilization  Is  also  high. 
* 

But  one  asphalt  mine  is  now  being  worked  In  the 
State  of  California,  the  augmented  increase  In  that 
State's  oil  yield  occasioning  such  an  Increase  In  the  pro- 
duction of  asphalt  as  a  residual  product  of  oil  refining  as 
to  make  that  the  most  economic  source  of  supply.  Ab- 
phalt  is  a  compound  substance,  Its  principal  constituents 
being  petrolene  and  asphaltene.  Asphaltene  Is  a  solid 
and  extremely  brittle.  Petrolene  is  a  thick,  black,  vis- 
cous fluid,  volatilizing  at  a  temperature  of  450°  P.,  and 
remaining  stable  at  ordinary  atmospheric  conditions. 
* 

Kunzite,  the  new  gem  recently  discovered  at  Pala, 
San  Diego  county,  Cal.,  is  a  lilac  colored  spodumene. 
Spodumene  is  usually  white,  grayish  white,  greenish, 
yellowish  green  to  emerald  green  and  rarely  amethystine 
purple.  The  lilac  color  Is  still  more  rare.  The  crystals 
are  prismatic,  often  flattened  and  striated  in  the  direc- 
tion of  their  principal  axis.  The  new  variety  occurs 
with  lepldollte  and  pink  tourmaline  (rubelllte)  In  a  large 
pegmatite  dike.  Hiddenlte  Is  a  yellowish  green  variety 
of  spodumene.  The  mineral  Is  a  composition  of  lithla, 
alumina,  silica  and  oxygen. 
* 

Asbestos,  felt,  magnesia  and  other  packing  Is  usually 
secured  to  the  iron  pipes,  boilers  or  other  metallic  sur- 
faces around  which  they  are  placed,  by  wrapping  with 
drilling,  canvas  or  other  strong  fabric,  and  then  fastened 
by  metal  bands  made  for  the  purpose.  In  the  case  of 
boilers  wooden  strips  may  be  substituted  for  the  canvas. 
No  paste  or  glue  would  give  satisfaction  where  heat  Is  to 
be  applied,  for  the  reason  that  the  packing,  being  very 
porous,  would  absorb  a  large  quantity  of  any  mucil- 
aginous substance  that  might  be  employed,  and  even  if 
It  did  form  a  satisfactory  paste  while  cold,  Its  properties 
would  be  destroyed  by  heating.     In  lining  small  vessels, 


good  results  are  sometimes  obtained  by  placing  a  cylin- 
der of  Iron  within  another  of  greater  diameter  and  fill- 
ing the  annular  space  between  them  with  the  packing. 

* 
One  good  way  to  keep  draftings  and  drawings  clean  Is 
not  to  wash  the  triangles  In  soap  and  water;  just  wipe 
them  off  with  a  clean,  dry  rag,  and  Instead  of  sliding 
them  over  the  paper  pick  them  up,  or,  at  least,  slide 
them  only  on  their  corner,  so  as  to  have  as  little  of  them 
as  possible  In  contact  with  the  paper.  Never,  If  possible, 
slide  anything  over  the  paper;  keep  the  elbows  and  the 
points  of  the  fingers  off  the  paper.  Nor  should  a  pad 
ever  be  put  on  a  drawing  When  It  is  necessary  to  fig- 
ure, put  a  piece  of  clean  paper  on  the  drawing,  and  then 
put  the  pad  on  It. 

* 

The  maximum  permissible  temperature  of  dynamo 
and  motor  colls  Is  150°  to  160°  P  ;  watts  equal  volts  mul- 
tiplied by  amperes;  1  watt  equals  44J  foot-pounds  per 
minute;  746  watts  equall  H.  P.;  1000  watt9  equal  1  K. 
W.;  1  E.  P.  equBls  0.746  K.  W.;  1  K.  W.  equals  1.34  H. 
P.;  nine  to  ten  16-candle  power  lamps  require  1  H.  P.; 
one  16  candle  power  lamp  at  100  volts  takes  .048  to  .06 
ampere;  the  efficiency  of  small  dynamos  Is  about  84%; 
efficiency  of  large  dynamos  Is  about  91%;  1  K.  W.  re- 
quires from  1  ■;  to  2  Indicated  H.  P.  to  generate  It.  Keep 
damp,  dust  and  oil  off  wiring  and  Insulation. 
* 

There  Is  no  more  of  a  gamble  In  mining  than  In  any 
other  business  pursuit,  certainly  not  near  as  much 
chance,  uncertainty  and  likelihood  of  disaster  as  In  farm- 
ing, which  is  held  up  as  the  safest  of  all  occupations  and 
the  surest  as  to  results.  In  mining  the  result  Is  unaf- 
fected by  the  drought  of  the  desert,  the  deluge  of  de- 
stroying waters,  the  burning  heat  of  the  sun,  the  depre- 
dations of  the  locust  or  caterpillar,  and  the  hundred 
other  destroying  influences  that  burden  the  life  of  the 
farmer  but  have  no  effect  on  the  miner,  or  upon  the  great 
natural  storehouses  of  wealth  that  he  uncovers. 

It  is  a  part  of  a  modern  mining  outfit  to  have  a  good 
photographic  appliance.  A  series  of  pictures  for  present 
use  or  permanent  reference  would  be  of  value,  often  In- 
creasing with  the  years.  The  matter  could  be  made  to 
constitute  a  complete  history  of  surface  and  underground 
development.  It  Is  the  experience  of  "  Concentrates  " 
that  solio  Is  much  cheaper  and  easier  handled  than 
velox.  It  Is  also  better  where  It  is  intended  that  the 
photographs  shall  be  engraved.  Velox  is  no  good  for 
the  use  of  the  engraver  or  illustrative  artist.  Velox 
costs  a  little  more  than  solio,  is  a  little  harder  to  manip- 
ulate, but  is  more  permanent  than  the  solio  paper. 
* 

No  list  of  names  in  any  department  of  mining,  en- 
glneerlng  or  metallurgy  can  be  compiled  that  Is  of  other 
than  the  most  transitory  value.  Most  of  such  "lists" 
are  made  for  show  and  are  worthless.  Care  and  judg- 
ment, with  some  knowledge  of  existing  facts  and  require- 
ments, can  at  considerable  expense  compile  a  list  that  is 
of  some  immediate  value,  but  they  eoon  rapidly  deterio- 
rate and  soon  become  comparatively  worthless.  The 
best  lists  are  found  in  the  subscription  lists  of  journals 
that  have  a  good  many  subscribers  who  think  enough  of 
the  publication  to  have  it  sent  to  them,  no  matter  how 
many  changes  of  postoffice  address  they  may  make  dur- 
ing the  year. 

* 

Gasoline  alone  Is  not  considered  to  be  an  explosive; 
to  secure  an  explosion  with  gasoline  it  is  necessary  to 
have  present  a  certain  proportion  of  air.  Gasoline  is  a 
product  of  petroleum  midway  between  benzine  and  kero- 
sene; that  is,  It  consists  of  a  series  which  in  the  selective 
distillation  of  petroleum  Is  obtained  after  the  benzine  has 
been  evaporated,  and  before  kerosene  begins  to  be  dis- 
tilled. In  the  oil  trade  it  is  known  as  naphtha,  and  is 
divided  into  three  grades,  A,  B  and  C,  A  naphtha  being 
that  last  given  off,  and  hence  having  the  greatest  spe- 
cific gravity.  By  the  retail  trade  it  is  generally  known 
as  gasoline,  and  is  sold  according  to  its  specific  gravity, 
which  Is  designated  by  bo  many  degrees,  on  an  arbitrary 
scale  known  as  Baume's  scale.  Stove  gasoline  having  a 
specific  gravity  of  72°  Baume  Ib  that  generally  employed 
for  gasoline  engines,  although  gasolines  from  66°  to  76° 
may  be  UBed  with  success  when  employed  with  a  vapor- 
izer. 

* 

THE  Increasing  number  of  questions  received  make  It 
necessary  to  greatly  condense  the  answers,  and  In  this 
regard  Inquirers  are  requested  to  make  their  inquiries  as 
brief  as  possible,  consistent  with  clearness.  This  some- 
times requires  that  the  exact  word  necessary  be  used,  to 
prevent  confusion  and  to  insure  clearness  of  meaning  and 
accuracy  In  the  desired  answer.  "Concentrates"  also 
respectfully  states  that  it  is  manifestly  much  easier  to 
ask  a  question  than  to  correctly  answer  It;  that  many  of 
the  questions  answered  In  this  column  take  considerable 
time  (a  question  asked  last  March  is  answered  in  this 
column,  the  question  being  from  Montana,  and  the 
answer  only  obtained  last  week  from  South  Africa),  and 
that  It  Is  not  always  possible  to  obtain  anBwers  of  any 
value  to  every  question  asked.  To  those  who  suggest 
that  the  question  should  be  published,  as  well  as  the 
answer,  it  can  only  be  repeated  that  to  publish  the 
questions  would  take  up  nearly  all  the  space  in  the  paper. 
Even  as  It  is,  and  omitting  the  questions,  the  answers 
have  to  be  boiled  down  to  the  bone,  and  every  possible 
word  omitted  to  get  room  enough.  The  page  of  "con- 
centrates "  used  to  be  copyrighted  for  a  while,  but  there 
came  so  many  remonstrances  from  other  mining  journals 


and  exchanges  desirous  of  copying  the  matter  that  the 
copyright  restriction  was  withdrawn  Bome  years  ago, 
and  any  publication  has  the  privilege  of  republishing 
those  little  paragraphs,  subject,  of  course,  to  the  usual 
courtesy  of  crediting  them  to  their  original  source. 
* 

In  the  lead  smelting  of  zinc  slimes,  as  practiced  at 
Johannesburg,  South  Africa,  Instead  of  treating  the 
slimes  with  acid,  In  some  Instances  they  are  taken  direct 
from  the  filter  presB  to  the  lead  furnace.  The  slimeB  are 
mixed  with  litharge  and  a  flux  of  assay  slag  and  put  Into 
a  furnace  of  the  same  type  as  Is  used  in  the  Siemens  & 
Halsko  process.  A  Blow  fire  is  made,  to  drive  out  all 
moisture,  and  then  It  Is  made  more  intense,  until  the 
mass  is  In  a  molten  state.  Sawdust  Is  likewise  used  as  a 
reducing  agent  The  molten  mass  is  continually  mixed, 
to  prevent  the  formation  of  lumps,  etc  ,  and  when  the 
slag  shows  the  proper  consistency — that  Is,  a  glassy,  vis- 
cous blaok — It  Is  drawn  off  at  the  slag  door.  The  lead  Is 
run  into  moulds  from  another  opening.  The  bullion 
from  the  lead  furnace  is  purposely  kept  low,  7%  to  8% 
being  considered  a  good  grade  of  bullion.  The  lead  pigs 
are  then  taken  to  a  cupellatlon  furnace.  Across  the  sur- 
face of  the  molten  lead  an  air  blast  Is  played,  the  lith- 
arge being  driven  across  the  test  in  quiet  riffles  to  a  hole 
In  the  bone  aBh,  where  the  molten  litharge  runs  out  Into 
a  special  pot.  The  gold  and  silver  from  the  cupel  are 
run  down  into  a  plumbago  crucible,  and  cast  Into  bricks. 
* 

If  alloys  of  sliver  and  copper  be  roasted  with  a  free 
accesB  of  air  both  metals  will  be  oxidized,  the  copper  In 
much  the  larger  proportion;  sliver  when  roasted  with 
salt  is  converted  into  chloride;  copper  Into  black  oxide. 
If  the  silver-copper  alloy  be  alternately  treated  with 
dilute  sulphuric  acid  and  exposed  to  the  air  the  copper 
will  go  Into  solution  as  sulphate,  but  the  silver  will  re- 
main as  metal.  If  a  silver-lead  alloy  be  melted  at  a  red 
heat  with  free  access  of  air  the  lead  will  be  oxidized  to 
litharge  and  the  silver  will  remain  unaltered.  A  silver- 
mercury  alloy  is  an  amalgam,  as  all  such  compounds  of 
mercury  are  called.  The  proportion  of  such  composition 
is  43.7  parts  of  silver  to  100  parts  of  mercury.  Should 
silver  be  plunged  into  mercury  there  will  be  produced  at 
the  surface  of  the  metal  a  very  thin  layer  of  amalgam, 
which  will  prevent  any  further  action  of  the  mercury. 
This  is  why  grinding  is  of  such  universal  necessity  in  the 
amalgamation  of  sliver  ores,  for  the  resultant  film  of 
amalgam  Is  removed  by  the  friction,  and  fresh  surfaces 
of  silver  are  constantly  exposed  to  the  action  of  the  mer- 
cury. In  a  similar  way  clean  siliceous  sand  helps  amal- 
gamation, while  clay  or  any  similar  substance  which 
would  Increase  the  viscosity  of  the  mixture  will  hinder 
the  amalgamation. 

Cemented  gravels,  containing  fine  gold  should  be 
easily  treated  in  a  stamp  mill  of  ordinary  type,  If, 
as  stated,  the  gravel  can  be  pulverized  in  a  hand 
mortar  and  the  gold  amalgamated  with  mercury. 
There  is,  however,  a  noticeable  difference  in  crush- 
ing rock  under  stamps  and  crushing  and  grind- 
ing it  in  a  hand  mortar.  Gold  which  might  be 
readily  saved  by  amalgamation  after  grinding  In  a  mor- 
tar, might  prove  difficult  to  save  on  plates  after  stamp- 
ing in  a  mill,  for  the  possible  reason  that  the  gold  may 
be  coated  with  a  thin  film  of  Iron  oxide,  silica  or  some 
other  substance  which  prevents  direct  contact  of  the 
mercury  and  the  gold.  The  grinding  in  the  iron  mortar 
removes  this  coating,  rendering  the  gold  bright  and 
easily  subject  to  amalgamation.  The  remedy  is  sug- 
gested by  the  experiment.  A  grinding  mill  would  prob- 
ably prove  more  satisfactory  in  such  a  case  than  a  stamp 
mill.  An  arrastra  should  answer  admirably,  because  of 
the  grinding  performed  by  the  mullers,  but  the  capacity 
of  an  arraBtra  Is  too  limited  for  low-grade  ore.  If  the 
gold  cannot  be  saved  by  a  grinding  mill,  the  cyanide 
process  should  be  tried  and  it  might  be  found  a  valuable 
accessory  to  amalgamation,  and  often  to  concentration. 
Experiments  must  be  made  to  determine  the  details  of 
cyanide  treatment,  if  the  gravel  is  found  amenable  to 
that  process  at  all. 

The  fouling  action  of  oopper  upon  the  extracting  effi- 
ciency of  cyanide  solution  is  very  marked  with  0.3% 
present,  even  alone,  and  would  be  more  so  In  practice 
where  the  accumulation  of  such  an  amount  would  be 
accompanied  by  the  accumulation  of  other  metals.  On 
the  other  hand,  copper  salts  in  the  absence  of  free  cya- 
nide to  some  extent  act  as  solvents  for  gold  and  sliver, 
but  cupro-potasslum  cyanide  is  not  bo  active  in  this 
respect  as  the  corresponding  zinc  salt.  In  practice  It  Is 
found  that  copper  is  precipitated  from  weak  solutions  of 
cyanide,  such  as  0.05%  to  0.08%,  upon  the  zinc  shavings, 
which  then  become  lless  active  In  precipitating  gold  and 
silver.  This  can  be  remedied  by  making  the  solution 
stronger  with  cyanide  before  entering  the  zinc  boxes, 
whereby  the  precipitation  of  the  copper  Is  prevented. 
But,  then,  the  copper  accumulates  In  the  solution,  and 
the  Increase  renders  the  solution  less  effective  in  extract- 
ing gold  from  the  ore.  The  difficulty  haB  been  met  In 
some  cases  by  precipitating  the  copper  with  a  lead-zinc 
couple  after  the  precipitation  of  the  bulk  of  the  gold. 
At  the  plant  at  Minas  Prletas,  Mexico,  the  solution  from 
the  zinc  launders,  containing  from  3  to  4  pounds  of  cop- 
per per  ton,  is  run  over  zinc  ehavlngs  which  have  been 
steeped  In  lead-acetate  solution,  by  which  the  quantity 
is  reduced  to  about  1.25  pound  per  ton,  and  any  gold 
which  has  escaped  previous  precipitation  also  recovered. 
The  product  so  obtained  runs  about  82  per  pound  in 
gold  and  silver  and  25%  of  copper. 


182 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


Raw  Copper  Plates. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

There  are  those  who  still  believe  that  raw  copper 
plates,  without  the  electro-silver  plating,  are  superior 
to  the  silver- covered  plates  for  amalgamation  of  gold 
ores.  The  bane  of  the  mill  man,  whether  he  uses  raw 
or  plated  plates,  is  the  formation  of  discolored  spots 
on  the  plates.  These  are  caused  by  the  collection  of 
oxides  and  insoluble  salts.  The  remedies  for  the 
removal  and  prevention  of  this  discoloration  are 
numerous,  some  of  which  are  good,  others  are  bad. 
It  has  long  since  been  proven  that  the  long  continued 
use  of  a  solution  of  cyanide  of  potassium — one  of  the 
principal  remedies — is  injurious  to  the  plate.  Still, 
in  some  cases  its  use  is  almost  unavoidable. 

Undoubtedly  silvered-copper  plates  are  much 
easier  to  keep  in  good  condition  than  raw  plates;  but, 
as  previously  stated,  some  mill  men  cling  to  the  idea 
that  raw  plates  are  superior,  for  the  reason  that 
they  can  select  better  sheets  of  metal,  and  that, 
when  once  having  been  gotten  into  good  condition, 
the  raw  plate  will  do  more  satisfactory  work  than 
silvered  plates.  In  selecting  copper  sheets  for  mill 
plates,  care  must  be  taken  to  get  suitable  metal. 
The  purest,  softest  metal  is  by  far  the  best  for  the 
purpose.  It  may  appear  discolored  in  spots  and  be 
of  undulating  surface,  etc.;  but  a  soft  plate  of  pure 
copper  showing  these  inequalities  of  surface,  due  to 
handling  and  transportation,  will  be  found  better 
adapted  to  the  purposes  of  amalgamation  than  a  fine- 
appearing,  shining  hard  plate  that  has  been  rolled 
until  it  has  a  polished  surface.  Such  a  plate  as  the 
latter  will  be  found  too  dense  and  will  not  readily  ab- 
sorb either  mercury  or  gold.  The  plate  selected 
should  be  free  from  rough  spots  or  holes;  the  dents 
caused  by  handling  may  be  readily  removed  by  use  of 
a  block  of  soft  wood  laid  on  the  plate  and  pounded 
with  a  wooden  mallet.  The  plate  should  not  be 
pounded  with  the  mallet,  as  it  will  injure  the  plate; 
but  the  intervening  block  will  serve  to  make  the 
sheet  of  copper  flat  and  smooth. 

An  alloy  of  copper  and  zinc  has  been  tried  for  mill 
plates;  but,  although  a  plate  made  of  this  alloy  is 
found  an  excellent  amalgamator,  it  is  not  enduring, 
for  the  reason  that  the  mercury  combines  with  the 
zinc,  forming  an  amalgam,  and  the  plate  disintegrates 
and  breaks  up.  They  are  also  expensive  in  first 
cost. 

Eaw  copper  plates  should  weigh  no  less  than  three 
pounds  per  square  foot,  and  a  heavier  plate  is  still 
better.  For  inside  battery  plates,  copper  of  double 
this  weight  is  not  too  heavy,  for,  if  made  of  light 
metal,  the  plates  will  be  quickly  worn  through  and 
torn  from  their  fastenings. 

All  raw  plates  should  be  annealed  after  the  last 
rolling  at  the  mills,  as  the  rolling  process  has  a  ten- 
dency to  render  the  plates  hard  and  impervious  to 
quicksilver.  If  the  plates  have  not  been  annealed, 
they  may  be  softened  by  placing  them  over  a  slow 
fire  of  coals,  heating  them  until  dry  sawdust  sprin- 
kled on  the  upper  side  of  the  plate  will  ignite.  A 
higher  heat  is  useless  and  may  even  do  damage  by 
causing  the  plate  to  "buckle  up."  The  annealing 
should  be  done  as  evenly  as  possible.  This  process 
renders  the  plate  porous  and  it  will  readily  absorb  a 
surprisingly  large  amount  of  mercury.  Plates  which 
have  become  hard  in  the  mill  by  use  of  too  much  cya- 
nide solution  may  be  softened  in  this  manner,  when 
they  will  again  be  in  good  condition  to  amalgamate 
ores. 

When  the  plate  has  been  carefully  and  evenly  an- 
nealed, it  should  be  placed  on  the  table  in  front  of 
the  mortar  where  it  is  to  be  used,  smoothed  out  and 
then  made  as  nearly  flat  as  possible  by  means  of  the 
wooden  block  and  mallet,  as  previously  suggested. 
The  plate  is  then  fastened  to  the  table  by  means  of 
iron  screws  or  copper  nails,  the  latter  long  enough 
to  be  clinched  on  the  under  side  of  the  table.  Some 
mill  men  prefer  to  turn  up  the  upper  end  and  the  side 
edges  of  the  plate  to  prevent  the  escape  of  any  amal- 
gam in  those  directions;  but  if  a  strip  of  carefully 
planed  wood  be  nailed  along  the  edges  of  the  plate, 
having  a  strip  of  cloth  between  the .  plate  and  the 
wood,  very  little  gold  will  escape  at  the  sides  of  the 
plate. 

Having  secured  the  plate  in  position,  the  mill  man 
now  proceeds  to  get  his  plate  in  shape  for  amal- 
gamating. To  do  this  every  square  inch  of  its  sur- 
face must  be  carefully  scoured,  so  that  the  bright 
metal  shows.  No  spots  or  discolorations  of  any  sort 
can  be  permitted. 

Next  scour  the  plate  with  wood  ashes  and  fine  sand 
or  tailings,  using  a  scrubbing  brush  or  coarse  rag. 
Bad  spots  may  be  scoured  with  the  ashes  and  sand 
and  the  end  of  a  small  block  of  wood.  Continue  the 
scouring  until  the  coating  of  oxide  is  entirely  removed 
and  the  bright,  metallic  copper  exposed.  Caustic 
soda,  the  concentrated  lye  of  the  shops,  or  sal  soda, 
may  be  used  instead  of  ashes,  the  object  being  to 
remove  all  traces  of  oil  or  grease  by  action  of  alka- 
lies. After  washing  with  clean  water,  apply  with  a 
soft  brush,  or  swab,  a  solution  of  cyanide  of  potas- 
sium, say  one-half  ounce  of  cyanide  to  a  pint  of  water. 
The  plate  may  be  readily  amalgamated  by  the  use  of 


the  following  mixture  :  Fine  sand  or  tailings,  pow- 
dered sal  ammoniac,  equal  parts,  and  containing  a 
small  quantity  of  quicksilver  sprinkled  therein.  With 
the  scrubbing  brush  and  this  mixture  continue  the 
scrubbing  until  all  parts  of  the  plate  are  amalga- 
mated. During  the  operation  sprinkle  on  the  plate 
as  much  quicksilver  as  the  plate  will  absorb,  and 
water  enough  to  make  a  thick  mud  of  the  mixture. 
Lime  may  be  used  with  this  mixture,  but  it  cannot 
be  said  that  the  addition  is  of  any  special  benefit.  It 
is  unpleasant,  to  say  the  least,  as  ammonia  is  set  free 
in  great  quantity.  Allow  this  mixture  to  remain  on 
the  plate  for  an  hour  or  so,  and  then  wash  it  off  with 
clean  water  and  the  brush.  Follow  with  the  soft 
brush  and  cyanide  solution,  adding  quicksilver,  if  the 
plate  will  hold  it.  By  continuing  this  treatment  for 
three  or  four  rounds  the  plate  will  be  found  to  have 
taken  up  or  absorbed  as  much  quicksilver  as  ordi- 
narily after  many  weeks'  running.  If  fine  gold  amal- 
gam can  be  spared,  it  is  well  at  this  stage  to  rub 
some  upon  the  plate,  using  a  cloth  rubber  wetted 
with  a  solution  of  sal  ammoniac,  in  the  proportion  of 
four  ounces  to  the  pint  of  water.  If  the  amalgam  be 
heated  and  rubbed  in  a  wedgewood  mortar,  so  as  to 
insure  the  solution  or  minute  diffusion  of  the  gold,  it 
will  be  the  more  readily  attached  to  the  plate.  Silver 
amalgam  in  the  place  of  gold  amalgam  gives  excel- 
lent results.  Silver  amalgam  can  be  made  as  fol- 
lows :  Dissolve  a  piece  of  silver — coin  will  answer — 
in  the  smallest  possible  quantity  of  dilute  nitric  acid. 
Heat  will  hasten  the  solution.  Dissolve  the  resulting 
crystals  of  nitrate  of  silver  in  water,  and  pour  into 
the  vessel  enough  quicksilver  to  reduce  and  amalga- 
mate the  silver  in  the  solution.  This  reaction  will  be 
completed  in  a  few  hours.  Wash  the  amalgam  with 
clean  water,  to  remove  all  traces  of  nitrate  of  mer- 
cury, and  strain  to  remove  the  surplus  quicksilver, 
leaving  in  the  cloth  a  pasty  amalgam  of  very  pure 
and  finely  divided  silver.  Use  this  as  directed  for 
the  gold  amalgam. 

The  first  scouring  removes  oxides  and  grease,  and 
exposes  the  pure,  bright  metal,  which  by  the  anneal- 
ing has  been  rendered  capable  of  holding  a  compara- 
tively large  quantity  of  quicksilver  and  amalgam,  by 
virtue  of  its  porosity.  The  sal  ammoniac,  by  reason 
of  its  property  of  dissolving  oxides,  assists  the  amal- 
gamation by  keeping  a  bright  metallic  surface,  al- 
lowing the  quicksilver  and  amalgam  to  penetrate  the 
copper,  filling  the  minute  interstices,  and  combine  in 
atomic  proportions,  so  as  to  form  an  alloy  of  copper, 
gold  and  quicksilver.  Thus  air,  water  and  various 
salts  are  kept  from  acting  directly  upon  the  copper, 
preventing  the  formation  of  oxide  and  carbonate  of 
copper  to  coat  the  plate.  This  is  accomplished  in  a 
longer  or  shorter  period,  depending  upon  the  mode 
of  preparation  and  upon  the  richness  of  the  ore  and 
the  ease  with  which  the  gold  in  the  ore  may  be  amal- 
gamated. It  is  probable  that  the  galvanic  current 
due  to  the  contact  of  two  dissimilar  metals  plays  an 
important  part  in  influencing  the  chemical  reactions 
and  assisting  the  amalgamation  of  gold;  but  as  its 
exact  action  is  not  defined,  it  is  needless  to  discuss 
the  point  in  this  article. 

The  point  aimed  at  in  this  plan  of  preparation  is 
to  hasten  the  union  of  a  sufficient  amount  of  gold  and 
quicksilver  with  the  copper.  If  allowed  to  take  place 
slowly,  the  unavoidable  loss  of  gold  makes  the  ex- 
pense much  greater  than  if  forwarded  by  the  use  of 
the  needful  amount  of  amalgam,  before  running  any 
ore  over  the  plate.  If  an  old,  well-used  plate  be  cut 
or  broken  the  amalgam  will  be  found  to  have  pene- 
trated perhaps  half,  and  in  some  cases  completely, 
through  the  copper. 

Corrosive  sublimate,  nitrate  of  mercury,  sulphuric 
acid,  and  common  salt,  muriatic  acid,  sodium  amal- 
gam, cyanide  of  potassium  and  other  acids  and  salts, 
have  been  used  in  amalgamating  copper;  but  though 
the  amalgamation  may  be  accomplished  in  some  cases 
quite  easily,  the  plate  cannot  be  brought  to  a  good 
working  condition  so  soon,  if  at  all,  as  in  the  way 
described. 

The  subsequent  treatment  of  plates,  amalgamated 
as  described,  should  be  varied  to  suit  the  circum- 
stances of  kind  and  quality  of  ore  and  purity  of 
water.  Water  containing  carbonic  acid  discolors 
plates  readily,  forming  an  insoluble  coating  of  car- 
bonate of  copper.  Though  an  infinitely  thin  film,  it 
is  sufficient  to  prevent  the  contact  and  adhesion  of 
gold  and  amalgam,  unless  in  particles  sufficiently 
large  to  break  the  coating.  The  worst  form  of  dis- 
coloration of  plates  proceeds  from  the  action  of  sul- 
phates of  iron  and  copper  present  in  many  ores  from 
the  natural  decomposition  of  the  pyrites.  The  addi- 
tion of  lime  to  the  water  introduced  to  the  battery, 
as  much  as  will  dissolve  therein,  will  neutralize  the 
carbonic  acid  and  decompose  the  sulphates.  It  may 
be  necessary  to  add  lime  to  the  ore  to  furnish  enough 
to  react  on  all  the  sulphates. 

When  the  mill  is  in  operation  the  plates  should  be 
"dressed"  every  six  hours,  or  of tener,  should  they 
become  discolored.  After  stopping  the  mill  and 
washing  the  plates  with  a  stream  of  clear  water, 
apply  with  a  soft  brush  (a  whitewash  brush  is  handy) 
some  of  the  solution  of  sal  ammoniac.  Allow  the  sal 
ammoniac  to  remain  on  the  plate  a  few  minutes, 
wash  with  clear  water  and  apply  with  the  brush 
enough  of  the  solution  of  cyanide  of  potassium  to 
brighten  the  plate.  The  plate  should  have  upon  it 
as  much  quicksilver  as  it  will  hold  without  gathering 
I  in  drops  or  running  off.     Experience  in  this  matter 


will  teach  the  niceties  of  manipulation  to  the  mill 
man. 

It  is  essential  to  use  quicksilver  entirely  free  from 
"base  metals,"  such  as  lead,  zinc,  tin,  copper,  etc. 
The  presence  of  gold  and  silver  is,  of  course,  desir- 
able. The  base  metals,  when  combined  with  quick- 
silver, oxidize  very  readily,  especially  when  the 
amalgam  is  finely  divided,  exposing  a  large  surface 
to  the  action  of  water,  air  and  other  oxidizing 
agents.  Thus,  with  impure  quicksilver  the  coating 
on  plates  may  arise  from  the  amalgam  instead  of 
the  copper  itself. 

To  test  the  purity  of  quicksilver,  put  a  small  quan- 
tity on  a  sheet  of  paper  while  dry  ;  if,  when  moved 
upon  the  paper,  by  inclining  it  in  various  directions, 
a  film  adhering  to  the  paper  is  left  on  the  track,  the 
quicksilver  is  impure.  Another  test:  Put  half  an 
ounce  or  so  in  an  ordinary  iron  "gold  pan,"  and  by 
a  quick  up  and  down  jerk  separate  the  mercury  into 
small  globules ;  if,  on  inclining  the  pan,  they  do  not 
readily  run  together,  the  sample  is  impure.  To 
purify,  first  retort  the  quicksilver,  and  add  to  it 
after  retorting  a  few  ounces  of  dilute  nitric  acid 
(acid  one  part,  water  three  parts).  An  ordinary  acid 
bottle  is  a  handy  vessel  to  hold  mercury  and  acid, 
as  it  may  occasionally  be  agitated  to  hasten  the  puri- 
fication by  bringing  the  acid  in  contact  with  the  im- 
purities. The  acid,  by  reason  of  its  greater  affinity 
or  the  base  metals,  removes  them  by  forming  nitrates. 
Some  days  may  elapse  before  the  quicksilver  becomes 
purified.  Samples  may  be  tested  from  time  to  time 
by  the  plans  here  mentioned.  Before  using  the 
quicksilver  it  should  be  repeatedly  washed  with 
water  to  remove  all  traces  of  nitrates.  It  is  a  good 
plan  to  keep  a  supply  of  quicksilver  under  treat- 
ment, putting  all  which  has  been  used  into  the  bottle, 
and  drawing  from  it  such  an  amount  of  purified  metal 
as  may  be  required. 

A  stock  of  needful  chemicals  should  be  kept  at  the 
mill.  The  following  list  comprises  those  necessary 
for  the  preparation  and  treatment  of  plates  and 
quicksilver :  Cyanide  of  potassium  (fused),  sal  am- 
moniac (powdered),  caustic  or  unslacked  lime,  caus- 
tic soda  or  "concentrated  lye,"  and  nitric  acid  (com- 
mercial acid  is  sufficiently  pure).  Cyanide  of  sodium 
may  be  substituted  for  cyanide  of  potassium ;  com- 
mon salt  for  sal  ammoniac ;  wood  ashes,  or  the  lye 
therefrom,  or  sal  soda,  for  the  lime  and  soda,  and 
sulphuric  acid  and  saltpeter  for  nitric  acid.  These 
substitutes  are  but  "makeshifts"  at  best,  and  con- 
sequently should  not  be  used  when  the  others  are  at 
hand  or  can  be  procured.  It  is  well  to  keep  ready 
prepared  the  solutions  of  sal  ammoniac  and  cyanide 
of  potassium  in  well-stoppered  bottles.  The  cyanide 
solution,  being  especially  liable  to  decomposition, 
should  not  be  prepared  in  large  quantities  at  a  time. 
It  should  also  be  carefully  kept  and  labeled  as  poison, 
to  avoid  accidents. 

In  the  almagamating  of  gold  ores  in  the  stamp 
batteries  there  is  always  a  greater  or  less  loss  of 
mercury,  and  this  feature  of  amalgamation  will  be 
treated  of  in  a  following  paper. 


The  American  Mining  Congress. 

The  session  of  the  American  Mining  Congress 
which  was  held  last  week  at  Deadwood  and  Lead 
City,  S.  Dak.,  was  successful.  The  attendance 
was  large  and  the  papers  read  were  of  in- 
terest. Those  in  attendance  had  an  oppor- 
tunity to  inspect  the  great  mines  and  mills 
of  the  Homestake  Co.,  a  privilege  for  many  years  de- 
nied the  general  public,  and  this  was  taken  advan- 
tage of  by  a  large  number  of  members.  The  Golden 
Reward  and  other  mines  and  mills  were  visited,  and 
the  greatly  diversified  character  of  mines  and  metal- 
lurgical works  of  the  Black  Hills  made  these  excur- 
sions particularly  interesting  and  instructive  to  non- 
resident members.  On  Saturday,  the  12  th  inst.,  the 
general  election  was  held,  at  which  the  following 
were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year: 

Directors,  J.  H.  Richardson,  Boise,  Idaho;  T. 
Ewing,  Los  Angeles;  R.  C  Patterson,  Omaha;  J.  T. 
Grayson,  Portland,  Or.;  E.  F.  Brown,  Aspen,  Colo.; 
J.  Dern,  Salt  Lake;  J.  Holmes,  Raleigh,  N.  C;  J. 
Lynch,  Butte,  Mont.;  J.  Gray,  Terraville,  S.  D  ; 
president,  J.  H.  Richards,  Boise;  first  vice-president, 
T.  Ewing,  Los  Angeles;  second  vice-president,  R.  C. 
Patterson,  Omaha;  third  vice-president,  J.  T.  Gray- 
sod.  Portland,  Or.;  treasurer,  T.  K.  Mair,  Portland, 
Or.;  secretary,  I.  Mahon,  Carlisle,  Pa. 

Among  resolutions  adopted  was  one  to  recommend 
to  the  legislatures  of  the  several  States  and  Terri- 
tories the  enactment  of  laws  to  afford  better  protec- 
tion to  life  and  limb  of  persons  employed  in  and  about 
mines. 

It  was  decided  that  President  Richards  should  ap- 
point a  committee  of  fifteen  members  of  the  Congress 
whose  duty  it  should  be  to  induce  as  many  members 
of  the  Mining  Congress  as  possible  to  visit  the  St. 
Louis  Exposition  in  a  body.  The  committee,  with  T. 
Ewing  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  as  chairman,  was 
selected. 

Before  adjournment  E.  W.  Martin,  on  behalf  of  the 
Black  Hills  Mining  Association,  presented  to  Presi- 
dent Richards  a  badge  of  membership  in  the  Amer- 
ican Mining  Congress,  made  of  Black  Hills  gold,  as  a 
token  of  appreciation  for  the  manner  in  which  he  had 
given    his    services    during    the    past   year  in  the 


September  19,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


183 


furtherance  of  the  interests  of  the  American  mining 
industry.  ,.  ... 

Portland,  Or.,  was  selected  as  the  place  of  holding 
the  next  meeting  in  1904. 

The  close  of  the  sixth  annual  session  showed  548 
accredited  and  appointed  delegates  to  the  Congress 
and  241  permanent  members,  making  a  total  of  789 
legally  entitled  to  participate  in  the  proceedings. 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 

NUMBER   V. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  H.  Storms. 

The  ore  deposits  of  the  Baliol  mine  may  be  referred 
to  as  a  series  of  fahlbands  accompanying  a  fissured 
zone.  These  fissures  were  evidently  first  filled  with 
quartz,  and  the  mineralization,  extending  outward 
from  these  small  fissures,  gradually  impregnated  the 
intermediate  masses  of  schist.  That  this  mineraliza- 
tion was  not  contemporaneous  with  the  formation  of 
the  tuffs  is  plainly  evident.  It  is  also  a  fact  that  the 
small  quartz  fissures  are  generally  payable  along 
their  edges  only,  it  being  rare  to  find  good  values  in 
the  center  of  a  quartz  vein  in  this  mine.  In  this  par- 
ticular quartz  veins  must  not  be  mistaken  for  silici- 
fied  schist,  the  latter  being  generally  gold-bearing 
when  containing  pyrite.  The  quartz  veins  were  un- 
doubtedly formed  first,  and  afforded  channels  for  the 
passage  of  gold-bearing  siliceous  solutions,  which  sub- 
sequently penetrated  and  enriched  the  masses  of 
schist  lying  between  the  several  veins;  but  the  writer 
can  offer  no  explanation  for  the  sudden  stoppage  of 
this  impregnation  of  the  schist  on  certain  jointing 
planes,  unless  it  be  that  a  thin  selvage  of  clay  or 
other  impervious  material  formed  In  the  space  form- 
ing the  jointing  crack,  and  this,  acting  as  a  dam, 
brought  about  a  discontinuance  of  the  mineralization 
at  that  place.  It  is  noticed,  however,  that  the  oc- 
currence of  one  of  these  floors  did  not  result  in  en- 
tirely stopping  mineralization,  for  at  higher  and 
lower  levels  in  the  same  zone  mineralization  again 
occurs,  and  the  several  ore  shoots  are  essentially 
similar  throughout  the  mine  in  the  several  zones  of 
mineralization. 

Lying  to  the  eastward  of  the  Baliol  ore  shoots,  the 
rocks  are  amphibolite  schist  and  black  slate,  with 
numerous  quartz  veins;  but  gold  values  in  these,  as 
far  as  known,  are  low,  with  the  exception  of  a  fis- 
sure which  cuts  the  formation.  In  this  pyrite  and 
mispickle  occur,  and  also  good  values  in  gold;  but,  as 
the  vein  was  small,  little  development  has  been  done 
on  it. 

In  the  vicinity  of  some  of  the  aforementioned  cross- 
heads  the  ground  is  heavy  and  treacherous,  but  can 
be  easily  held,  if  promptly  and  properly  timbered. 

The  probability,  as  determined  in  the  development 
of  the  mine,  is  that  there  are  still  large  ore  bodies  as 
yet  undiscovered  in  this  property. 

Lying  somewhat  to  the  westward  of  what  has  been 
considered  the  main  zone  of  mineralization,  is  a  zone 
of  somewhat  different  character,  consisting  of  a 
siliceous  chloritic  schist  (distinguished  from  the 
"  grindstone  "  of  the  main  ore  bodies),  and  this  also 
contains  payable  ore,  though  the  gold  is  mostly  in 
the  iron  sulphide,  there  being  comparatively  little 
free  gold.  In  this  schistose  zone  occurs  a  series  of 
lenses  of  extremely  hard,  dense  quartz,  in  which  the 
laminations  of  the  original  schist  are  still  preserved, 
though  all  the  magnesian  minerals  have  been  dis- 
placed by  the  quartz.  The  gold  values  in  the  lenses 
of  schist,  which  are  10  to  20  feet  long  and  4  to  6  feet 
wide,  are  greatly  variable,  some  of  the  ore  being  high 
grade  and  some  of  it  worthless.  All  that  containing 
1J%  to  2%  sulphide  is  pay  rock  ;  that  poor  in  iron 
sulphide  is  also  poor  in  gold. 

In  the  main  ore  zone  at  one  place  on  the  500  level 
was  found  a  quartz  vein,  about  6  inches  in  thickness, 
dipping  eastward  at  15°.  This  vein  contained  a  little 
gold  and  some  pyrite,  but  was  low  grade  ;  but  for 
several  feet  above  and  below  this  vein  the  greenstone 
was  partly  silicified  and  impregnated  with  pyrite, 
and,  although  physically  a  most  unpromising  looking 
material,  it  was  found  to  contain  $8  to  $10  gold  per 
ton. 

There  are  many  structural  peculiarities  in  this  mine 
of  local  character;  but  a  complete  description  of  the 
Baliol  mine,  like  many  other  mines,  would  fill  a  good- 
sized  volume.  Sufficient  has  been  said  to  indicate  the 
peculiar  character  of  the  vein  structure  and  its  rela- 
tion to  the  surrounding  rocks.  The  mineralization  is 
always  pronounced,  and  when  it  stops  the  line  of  de- 
markation  is  usually  plain,  though  in  some  instances 
it  is  not  so,  the  pyrite  scattering  and  finally  disappear- 
ing almost  entirely.  The  silicification  of  the  schist 
acts  in  much  the  same  manner.  The  small  quartz  veins 
which  occur  throughout  the  larger  ore  bodies  are 
generally  persistent  for  long  distances  in  strike  and 
in  depth  and  are  numerous,  forming  a  series  of  essen- 
tially parallel  quartz  veins,  with  many  small  ramifying 
and  often  connecting  branches. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Gold  Fields  of  the  Atlantic  Slope. 


Written  by  C.  L.  Dionowity. 

Gold  was  discovered  in  Virginia  in  1782  and  in 
North  Carolina  in  1793.  Prior  to  1848  the  gold  pro- 
duction of  this  country  all  came  from  the  East,  prin- 
cipally from  North  Carolina,  that  State  alone  pro- 
ducing all  our  gold  up  to  1827. 

The  rush  for  the  newly  discovered  gold  fields  of 
California  and  the  West  in  1848-49  shows  us  that 
human  nature  has  not  changed,  as  the  distant  fields 
still  seem  greener  and  more  enchanting.  Miners  and 
mining  talent  flocked  from  the  Eastern  fields.  Invest- 
ors and  money  followed.  Some  succeeded,  others 
failed  and  were  unable  to  get  back.  History  repeats 
itself.  We  know  to-day  how  good  fields  are  aban- 
doned to  follow  a  rumor  and  to  begin  the  mad  chase 
of  the  will-o'-the-wisp.  So  the  South  became  a  neg- 
lected field  by  the  restless  miner,  and  was  soon  ab- 
sorbed by  the  planter.  Slave  labor  and  a  virgin  soil 
made  tobacco,  cotton  and  other  products  yield  such 
handsome  profits  to  the  planter  that  the  gold  treas- 
ury vaults  were  soon  plowed  over  and  neglected. 
The  South  offered  no  inducement  to  the  prospector. 

We  know  the  prospector  and  his  shyness  of  ready 
cash.  Unless  "grubstaked"  by  the  more  prosper- 
ous investor,  his  vocation  is  a  hard  one.  The  South- 
ern fields  now  passed  into  rich  plantations — it  took 
too  much  money  to  acquire  land. 

Quite  different  was  it  in  the  West.  The  public 
domain  was  opened  to  those  seeking  to  civilize  and 
develop  it,  and  also  gave  most  liberal  inducements  to 
the  prospector.  Surveyors,  geologists  and  scientific 
men  were  put  to  work  ;  maps  and  other  data  were 
compiled  at  government  expense  and  all  given  to  the 
gold  seeker  free  of  cost,  and  soon  the  West  was 
ablaze  with  prosperity. 

To-day  money  is  flowing  southward  as  never  before 
and  is  building  up  every  kind  of  industry.  So  it  now 
behooves  the  mining  man  to  follow  the  van  and  bring 
forth  the  hidden  gold  from  those  mineral  zones  and 
reefs. 

The  Geological  Belt. — The  eastern  formation  of 
the  Appalachian  range  of  mountains  exhibit  one  con- 
tinual belt,  from  Virginia  to  Alabama,  of  red,  brown 
and  yellow  slates  and  schists — argillaceous,  talcose 
and  micaceous. 

This  belt  consists  of  low,  rolling  hills,  quite  soft 
and  decomposed  above  the  water  lines. 

The  oxidized  ores  in  that  country  can  be  worked 
to-day  under  our  advanced  methods  at  a  good  profit, 
with  gold  values  as  low  as  $3  per  ton. 

If  the  same  character  of  ores  and  values  can  be 
made  to  yield  large  profits  at  the  Homestake  mine, 
and  kindred  institutions,  why  not  in  those  Eastern 
fields,  under  far  more  favorable  conditions  ?  I  find  upon 
inspection  of  these  Black  Hills  slates  that  they  are 
almost  identical  with  those  of  the  Appalachian  range, 
as  well  as  similar  in  their  gold  deposition. 

The  old  mint  records  from  the  South  show  that 
gold  in  abundance  was  produced  under  the  most 
primitive  methods  by  the  old  Spanish  drag  mills,  or 
arrastra,  hand  rocker,  Chilean  mills  (round  rock 
rollers),  succeeded  by  the  stamp  mill  and  placer 
washing. 

No  shaft  mine  could  be  profitably  worked  in  those 
days  that  did  not  produce  a  gold  value  above  $15  per 
ton,  and  this  ore  had  to  be  oxidized  or  of  a  loose 
and  free  nature.  Nothing  but  shallow  workings  were 
undertaken. 

Deep  mining  for  the  sulphurets  of  a  much  higher 
gold  value  per  ton  could  not  be  undertaken,  owing  to 
the  refractory  nature  of  the  metals  and  expensive 
and  at  that  time  unobtainable  machinery  for  pump- 
ing and  hoisting. 

Now  it  is  different.  No  mining  is  too  deep,  or  ores 
too  refractory,  to  profitably  manage  under  up-to- 
date  methods. 

The  Gold  Mineralization. — The  mineralized  veins 
within  this  vast  slate  belt  consist  principally  of 
stringers  and  lenses  of  quartz,  from  i  inch  to  1  foot 
in  thickness,  following  the  cleavage  of  the  slates  and 
schists,  as  well  as  across  the  formation  of  the  ore 
zones,  that  are  from  20  to  500  feet  in  width,  all  of 
which  is  easily  mined  above  the  water  level. 

The  gold  of  these  veins  occurs  in  finely  dissemi- 
nated or  leaf  gold. 

Taking  this  formation  as  a  whole,  it  will  in  many 
instances  average  from  $3  to  $6  per  ton  in  gold,  and 
as  this  formation  makes  but  little  slimes  the  precious 
values  are  readily  recovered  by  the  cyanide  process. 

These  mineral  slates  are  from  10  to  50  miles  wide, 
with  an  easterly-westerly  course,  dipping  southwest- 
wardly. 

There  are  evidences  of  much  mining  having  been 
done  in  early  days  along  this  mineral  zone,  but  not  to 
any  great  depth.  The  miners  confined  their  work  to 
the  veins  containing  free  gold,  which  they  saved  by 
their  hand  rockers  and  drag  mills,  and  these  primi- 
tive mill  methods  are  still  found  in  numerous  locali- 
ties, gone  to  decay. 

Placer  mining  was  popular,  and  much  gold  is  still 

♦Condensed  fr^m  Transactions  Am.  Mln.  Congress,  Deadwood, 
3.  D.,  Sept.  10, 1903. 


obtained  by  the  farmers  after  rains  or  during  the 
flood  period. 

I  saw  a  quart  of  medium-sized  gold  nuggets,  pur- 
chased in  one  locality  last  May,  that  were  picked  up 
by  farmers  during  the  spring  rain,  as  well  a9  many 
beautiful  crystallized  gold  specimens  which  had  their 
source  in  the  granite  formation  west  of  these  slates. 

The  oxidized  portion  of  this  gold  belt  is  from  100  to 
200  feet  in  depth,  to  water  line.  Below  the  water 
line  are  found  the  sulphurets  and  bluish  quartz,  with 
grains  of  gold.  The  veins  are  more  concentrated 
and  often  very  rich. 

Recent  geological  researches  tell  us  that  the 
Southern  slate  and  schist  formation  is  not  less  than 
2000  feet  deep,  and  within  this  mass  of  rock  must 
exist  precious  metals,  which  cannot  be  exhausted  for 
ages,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  important  gold-bear- 
ing regions  on  this  continent. 

Could  one-half  of  the  idle  mills  of  the  West  be  trans- 
ported to  the  Southern  field,  along  that  broad  gold 
belt,  there  would  be  a  transformation  in  gold  produc- 
tions of  the  South. 

There  are  no  custom  mills  or  samplers  to  treat  or 
purchase  these  Southern  ores,  which  naturally  re- 
tards the  mining  industry  in  that  country.  There  is 
abundance  of  capital  in  the  Eastern  and  Middle 
States  waiting  and  willing  to  go  into  active  mining 
propositions. 

The  low-grade  ores  of  the  Southern  mineral  zone, 
especially  in  North  Carolina,  have  an  area  of  over 
20,000  square  miles,  and  there  the  cyanide  method 
has  already  made  its  advent,  and  is  to-day  producing 
the  yellow  metal  with  large  profits  to  the  investor. 

Take,  for  example,  the  Colossus  mill,  located  near 
Waxhaw,  N.  C.  According  to  the  mint  records  of 
North  Carolina,  this  mine  produced  over  $700,000  up 
to  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war.  (Bulletin  No.  10  of 
the  North  Carolina  Geological  Survey,  as  compiled 
by  the  United  States  Mint,  shows  no  less  than 
$21,830,528  in  gold  and  silver  bullion  credited  to 
North  Carolina  alone.)  This  is  conclusive  testimony 
that  gold  in  abundance  exists  in  that  State. 

The  Colossus  mill  has  a  capacity  of  100  tons  per 
day  and  is  constructed  for  straight  cyaniding  by  per- 
colation. 

The  gold  solution  is  forced  upwards  from  the  bot- 
tom of  steel  tanks  of  50  tons  capacity.  One  and  one- 
fourth  pounds  of  cyanide  per  ton  of  ore  is  used  and 
from  seventy  to  seventy-two  hours  is  required  for 
leaching  tailings  before  the  gold  solution  is  passed 
over  the  zinc  shavings,  upon  which  it  precipitates, 
and  from  90%  to  92%  of  their  gold  values  are  recov- 
ered. 

This  mill  was  built  to  treat  a  deposit  of  tailings 
containing  40,000  tons,  which  came  from  this  prop- 
erty prior  to  the  war. 

These  tailings  receive  a  slight  roasting  in  order  to 
free  them  from  organic  matter.  They  average  about 
$6  per  ton  in  gold,  and  after  treatment  leave  but  40 
cents  of  their  values  to  the  ton  in  the  residue. 

The  gold  product,  or  auro-cyanide,  after  two 
weeks'  run,  showed  close  to  $30,000  per  ton  in  gold. 
The  mill  had  been  in  commission  about  one  month 
when  these  results  were  attained,  and  it  had  not  got 
down  to  its  best  work,  as  is  the  case  with  all  new 
plants.  This  property  consists  of  1700  acres  of 
highly  improved  farm  land,  through  which  passes 
northeast-southwest  a  gold  reef,  or  zone,  for  5000 
feet,  which  averages  about  400  feet  wide,  and  60  feet 
above  the  level  plain. 

This  reef  consists  of  a  gray  and  reddish  micaceous 
schist,  which  is  decomposed  and  easy  to  mine,  and 
dips  westerly  about  55°,  which,  when  sampled  by 
crosscuts  from  end  to  end,  gave  a  value  of  $4  86  in 
gold  and  two  ounces  silver  per  ton,  and  is  adapted  to 
cyanide  treatment.  Mill  tests  gave  88%  extraction 
with  a  seventy-hour  leaching  with  H  pound  of  cya- 
nide per  ton  of  ore. 

The  Colossus  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  a  Philadelphia  concern, 
is  arranging  to  erect  at  an  early  date  a  500-ton 
plant  to  treat  this  ore,  and  will  use  the  present  100- 
ton  mill  to  work  up  the  tailings  deposits. 

During  my  various  investigations  of  this  Eastern 
gold  field  many  similar  propositions  presented  them- 
selves, principally  in  Virginia  and  North  Carolina, 
any  of  which  can  be  secured  at  a  reasonable  price 
and  upon  favorable  terms. 

The  Southern  lands  can  be  bought  at  $10  to  $30 
per  acre.  The  titles  in  most  instances  are  perfect, 
conveying  in  fee  simple  all  minerals  and  everything 
they  contain.  The  timber  and  agricultural  values 
alone  are  worth  the  price,  not  taking  into  considera- 
tion the  minerals. 

Choice  pine  lumber,  cut  to  dimensions,  is  delivered 
at  $7  to  $12  per  1000  feet,  hardwoods  at  $1  to  $1.50 
per  cord,  coal  $2  to  $3  per  ton,  delivered.  The  cli- 
mate is  delightful ;  seasons  are  open  the  year  round  ; 
temperature  ranges  from  80°  to  90"  in  summer  and 
45°  to  60°  in  winter. 

Commodities  of  every  kind  are  raised  here,  making 
living  very  cheap.  Being  in  the  center  of  civiliza- 
tion, near  the  sea  and  railroad  transportation,  rea- 
sonable rates  are  obtained,  and  the  markets  are 
convenient. 

Water  for  milling  and  domestic  uses  is  plentiful 
and  pure.  Competent  labor,  white  or  black,  is 
obtainable  at  $1  and  $1.25  per  day  of  ten  hours,  with- 
out board.  The  laborers  are  farmers,  with  fixed 
homes,  who  do  not  drift  and  are  not  organized  into 
labor  unions. 


18.4 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


Copper  Matting  Pyritic  Smelting.* 

A  blast  furnace  best  adapted  for  copper  matting 
of  sulphide  ores  is  precisely  adapted  for  pyritic 
smelting,  which  latter  is  a  copper  matting  process, 
no  more  and  no  less,  and  the  difference  between  the 
two  methods  lies  in  the  quantity  and  character  of 
fuel  employed,  the  manner  of  employing  it  and  the 
variations  in  reactions  involved  by  reason  of  its 
character. 

If  blast  pressure  is  comparatively  high  through 
tuyeres  relatively  small,  carrying  no  air  in  excess  of 
that  used  for  combustion  at  the  tuyere  zone,  then 
there  occurs  a  localization  of  combustion  and  conse- 
quent heat,  and  all  material  within  that  zone  is 
quickly  melted  down  with  little  change  in  grouping 
of  constituents,  while  such  carbon  monoxide  evolved 
as  may  escape  oxidation  there  absorbs  oxygen  from 
the  oxides  in  the  hot  zone  above  and  thus  reducing  to 
metal  results.  With  large  volume  of  air  blast  at 
lower  pressure,  the  oxidation  of  fuel  is  more  gradual; 
the  action  at  the  tuyere  zone  is  less  intense,  and, 
while  a  melting  temperature  must  be  maintained  at 
that  point,  a  surplus  of  heated  air  must  pass  on  to 
the  next  layer  or  cross-section  above,  where,  by 
thorough  exposure  for  sufficient  length  of  time  and 
in  the  presence  of  adequate  heat,  oxidation  takes 
place  more  or  less  rapidly,  depending  on  character  of 
material  operated  upon,  and  the  equable  proportion- 
ing of  the  conditions  named  above.  Copper  matting 
is  essentially  an  oxidizing  process  as  to  the  ores  being 
treated,  and  every  pound  of  carbonaceous  fuel  that 
it  is  necessary  to  use  in  the  process  for  the  purpose 
of  producing  heat  whereby  the  necessary  reactions 
may  take  place,  is  a  direct  obstacle  to  the  realization 
of  best  results  in  tenor  of  matte,  because  in  burning 
such  fuel  much  carbon  is  produced  which  burns  at 
once  in  the  presence  of  the  necessary  heat,  robbing 
FeO  or  S02  of  air,  or  all  of  them  of  oxygen,  sending 
the  iron  of  the  first  to  the  matte  to  encumber  that, 
instead  of  allowing  it  to  combine  with  silica  to  form 
slag,  forming  sulphur  from  the  second  and  sending 
the  sulphur  to  the  matte  again  to  encumber  that,  re- 
ducing its  tenor  instead  of  allowing  the  sulphur  to  go  off 
as  sulphurous  acid  gas,  and  the  third,  the  air,  robbing 
that  of  oxygen  that  is  needed  to  combine  with  the 
iron  and  the  sulphur  of  the  ore  to  dispose  of  them, 
the  one  for  the  slag  as  a  necessary  constituent,  the 
other  to  the  chimney  and  out  of  the  way.  There  are 
none  of  the  reactions  involved  in  copper  matting  of 
pyriteous  ores  in  which  carbon  is  necessary  or  a  de- 
sirable factor.  Its  sole  office  in  that  class  of  smelting 
is  the  production  of  heat  necessary  to  the  operation. 
It  follows  that  thejloss  of  carbonaceous  fuel  that  can 
be  burned  in  the  furnace  for  the  production  of  heat 
necessary,  and  the  more  the  sulphur  of  the  ore  that 
can  be  utilized  for  heat  production,  the  higher  grade 
the  matte  product  will  be,  other  conditions  being 
parallel.  The  utilization  of  sulphur  as  fuel  involves 
furnace  conditions  not  vitally  necessary  to  smelting 
with  carbonaceous  fuel,  in  that  the  caloric  value  in 
heat  units  in  the  former  is  much  lower  than  in  the 
latter.  The  ultimate  value  in  heat  units  is  as  equiva- 
lents of  oxygen  involved  in  the  reaction  of  burning. 
Therefore,  using  the  British  thermal  unit  (B.  T.  U.) 
as  the  unit  of  measurement,  and  carbon  equivalents 
as  a  basis  of  comparison,  its  value  being  14,500  B.  T. 
U.,  the  thermal  value  of  sulphur  becomes  5437  B.  T. 
U.,  or  37,5%  that  of  carbon,  pound  for  pound,  to- wit: 
One  equivalent  of  C  =  12,  2  equivalents  of  O  =  32 
and  32  -s-  12  =  2.667,  the  number  of  pounds  of  O  in- 
volved in  the  oxidation  of  one  pound  of  carbon  to 
C02  producing  14,500  B.  T.  TL,  while  the  sulphur  be- 
ing 32  -s-  2  of  oxygen,  or  32,  =  1;  that  is,  a  pound  of 
oxygen  combines  with  a  pound  of  sulphur  to  produce 
S02.  Then  2.667  pounds  of  oxygen  combining  with 
one  pound  of  carbon  and  producing  14,500  B.  T.  U., 
one  pound  of  O  combining  with  one  pound  of  S  pro- 
ducing 14,500  -f-  2.667  =  5437  B.  T.  U.  Again,  by 
like  comparisons,  one  pound  of  FeS  evolves  3107  B. 
T.  U.  in  the  burning  to  FeO.  Iron  pyrites  consist  of 
about  53%  of  S  and  47%  Fe.  When  charged  raw  into 
a  furnace,  one  equivalent  of  sulphur  is  expelled  at  a 
comparatively  low  temperature,  and  is  therefore  not 
available  as  a  producer  of  heat,  for  it  never  reaches 
the  smelting  zones  of  the  furnace.  There  is  left, 
then,  for  heat  production  of  one  pound  of  pyrites  .47 
pound  of  Fe,  having  a  caloric  value  of  1460  B.  T.  U. 
and  .265  of  a  pound  of  S,  value  =  1441  B.  T.  U.,  or  a 
total  2901  B.  T.  U.  is  the  available  heat  producing 
value  of  one  pound  of  iron  pyrites,  equal  to  20%  that 
of  carbon.  As  the  specific  heat  of  air  is  about  .24, 
this  pound  of  iron  pyrites  would,  in  burning,  develop 
sufficient  heat  to  raise  the  temperature  of.  about 
12,100  pounds  of  air  1°F.,  or  its  equivalent,  one  pound 
of  air  12,100°,  or,  say,  six  pounds  of  air,  2017°.  As 
one  pound  of  iron  sulphide  combines  in  burning  with, 
approximately,  one  pound  of  oxygen,  and  as  air  is 
composed  of,  approximately,  four  parts  nitrogen  to 
one  of  oxygen,  it  follows  that  about  five  pounds  of 
air  is  involved  in  burning  one  pound  of  iron  sulphide. 
Assuming  the  ultimate  smelting  temperature  to  be 
2000°  above  normal  atmosphere,  which  is  its  lowest 
possible  limit,  then  to  raise  the  five  pounds  of  air  in- 

*  Abstract  from  pamphlet  issued  by  the  Colorado  Iron  Works 
Co.,  Denver,  Colo.,  entitled  "  Some  Details  as  to  Smelting  Practice 
and  Equipment." 


volved  in  the  combustion  of  a  pound  of  iron  sulphide 
to  the  necessary  smelting  temperature  involves  the 
absorb tion  of  1681  B.  T.  U.,  or  £  of  the  heat  devel- 
oped, thus  leaving  but  J  of  such  developed  heat — an 
amount  totally  inadequate — for  raising  the  silica  and 
other  necessary  constituents  for  forming  a  fluid  slag, 
to  the  necessary  fusing  temperature.  The  calcula- 
tions above  are  approximately  correct  and  fully 
demonstrate  that  pyritic  smelting  with  cold  air  blast 
is  not  possible.  In  the  above  calculation  the  heat  de- 
veloped in  the  upper  zones  of  the  furnace  by  the  com- 
bustion of  the  free  atom  of  sulphur  in  the  pyrites  has 
been  neglected,  because  at  the  comparatively  low  | 
temperature  at  which  the  free  atom 
burns,  its  effect  in  heating  the  stock 
there  is  of  little  value  where  so  great 
a  volume  from  below  is  constantly 
passing.  In  fact,  the  tendency  of 
this  added  heat  in  the  upper  zones 
of  the  furnace  is  rather  adverse  than 
otherwise,  as  it  contributes  to  over- 
firing,  or  hot-top,  so  called — a  condi- 
tion always  to   be  avoided. 

Carbonaceous  fuel  is  an  absolute 
necessity  where  cold  air  is  employed, 
and  the  method  thus  becomes  copper 
matting  in  the  common  acceptance 
of  the  term. 

The  low  relative  calorific  value  of 
sulphur   renders  it,  when  used  in  the 
form  of   pyrites,    the  more  sensitive 
to   disturbing    conditions  in  the  fur- 
nace, in  proportion  probably    as  its 
lower  ultimate  caloric  value,   especi- 
ally so  to  that  of  the  cold   air  blast, 
introducing   as   that   does  an  unman- 
ageable    retarding    and    depressing 
factor  into   the  vital  part  of  the  fur- 
nace.    In  direct  proportion  as  the  air 
blast  is  heated,  reducing  proportion- 
ately the  amount  of  carbonaceous  fuel 
necessary  to  be  used  in  the  furnace  for  heat  produc- 
tion, and  reducing  the  amount  of  air  to  be  treated  at 
the  tuyere  zone,  and  heating  to  some  degree  on  the 
outside  whatever  air  is  required,  the   conditions  for 
regular  and  efficient  working  are  improved,  the  ex- 
treme expansibility  of  air  heat  rendering  possible  a 
most  thorough  distribution  of  the  air,  without  the  dis- 
turbing factor — cold. 

For  reasons  given  above,  pyritic  smelting — that  is 
to  say,  that  class  of  smelting  requiring  no  carbon- 
aceous fuel — has  not  been,  nor  can  it  ever  be,  accom- 
plished with  cold  blast.  There  appears  to  be  no 
doubt  that  all  copper  matting  may  be  more  efficiently 
and  more  economically  done  with  the  use  of  heated 
air  blast  than  without  it. 

The  accompanying  diagram  shows  the  construction 


Berri.gan  Centrifugal  Separator. 

Experiments  are  being  made  at  the  Homestake 
mill  with  the  Berrigan  centrifugal  separator  on  the 
slimes  as  they  come  from  the  mill  and  which  have 
been  allowed  to  waste.  The  separator,  which  is 
herewith  illustrated,  is  intended  to  recover  floating 
values,  and  also  to  force  the  cyanide  out  of  s'.imes 
and  other  pulp.  The  machine  gives  promise  of  doing 
a  great  deal  in  that  direction.  It  weighs  about  700 
pounds.  The  separator  has  a  centrifugal  bowl;  there 
is  an  inside  bowl  thrown  on  an  eccentric;  the  liquid 
forms  in  the  inner  bowl  in  a  crescent  and  the  slime  is 


The  Berrigan  Separator. 

I  turned  in  through  the  center  to  the  rim  where  it  ac- 
cumulates. This  accumulation  is  removed  from  the 
rim  by  scrapers,  conveyed  up  the  incline,  the  water 
being  forced  out  below.  The  dry  pulp  is  thrown  out 
by  centrifugal  force.  It  is  a  continuous  operating 
device,  throwing  out  pulp  as  fast  as  it  accumulates. 
It  is  set  just  below  the  concentrators;  concentrates 
and  slimes  are  dried  out  with  3%  of  moisture  but  can 
be  adjusted  to  leave  in  more  moisture.  The  device  is 
now  operating  on  the  slimes  from  the  Homestake 
mill  which  have  been  sent  down  the  gulch.  One  of 
the  machines  is  in  the  mill  of  the  Colorado  Zinc  Co., 
Denver,  Colo.  The  Be  Laval  Separator  Co.  of  New 
York  are  manufacturing  the  machines.  J.  J.  Berri- 
gan, inventor  of  the  separator,  has  been  conducting 
all  of  the  experiments  for  the  De  Laval  Co.,  both  at 
the  Homestake  and  in  Denver. 


Sectional  View  Pyritic  or  Matting  Blast  Furnace. 

of  a  pyritic  or  matting  blast  furnace.  It  is  the  water 
jacketed  furnace  now  in  general  use.  It  is  rectangu- 
lar in  form,  but  variable  in  proportions  in  the  several 
furnaces,  to  suit  the  particular  conditions  involved. 


The  first  of  the  forty-five  new  mogul  engines 
ordered  by  the  Santa  Fe  Co.  for  the  Pacific  Coast 
division  has  arrived.  By  January  1  the  entire  forty- 
five  will  have  been  delivered.  The  new  engines  are 
all  oil  burners.  Some  of  them  will  be  used  on  the 
division  between  Seligman  and  Winslow,  Arizona,  and 
this  will  mark  the  installation  of  oil  burners  in  that 
Territory.  When  this  division  is  equipped  the  Santa 
Fe  will  be  using  oil  on  its  lines  for  a  distance  of  over 
600  miles. 


Topographic  Map  of  Part  of  Southern  Calfornia. 

A  topographic  map  of  the  Tejon  quadrangle,  in 
southern  California,  has  just  been  issued  by  the 
United  States  Geological  Survey,  the  southern  part 
of  which  lies  in  the  Pine  Mountain  and  Zaca  Lake 
forest  reserve  and  the  northern  part  in  Los  Angeles 
and  Kern  counties.  This  map,  drawn  to  the  scale  of 
2  miles  to  1  inch,  covers  about  944  square  miles  of 
territory,  the  most  of  which  is  extremely  mountain- 
ous, ranging  from  3000  to  6000  feet  above  sea  level. 
The  northern  part  of  the  map  shows  the  Tehachapi 
mountains,  the  southern  end  of  San  Joaquin  valley 
and  Antelope  valley,  a  part  of  the  western  end  of  the 
Mojave  desert.  The  southern  half  of  the  map,  em- 
bracing parts  of  Los  Angeles  and  Ventura  counties, 
shows  a  perfect  maze  of  narrow  canyons  and  moun- 
tain peaks. 

Some  fine  timber  of  merchantable  value  is  found  on 
the  Tehachapi  mountains  and  in  the  northern  part  of 
the  forest  reserve,  but  the  southern  part  of  the 
quadrangle  contains  little  except  a  dense  growth  of 
manzanita  and  chaparral.  At  Gold  Hill,  in  Ventura 
county,  are  some  mining  claims,  but  the  larger  part 
of  the  area  is  without  inhabitants. 

Between  Antelope  valley  and  San  Joaquin  valley  is 
shown  Tejon  pass,  with  old  Fort  Tejon,  famous  in  the 
early  history  of  California. 

The  map  can  be  obtained  for  the  nominal  price  of  5 
cents  by  applying  to  the  Director  of  the  United 
States  Geological  Survey,  Washington,  D.  C. 


In  the  case  of  a  severe  electric  shock,  the  best 
immediate  assistance  would  be  to  produce  artificial 
respiration,  enforcing  the  heart  action  and  diminish- 
ing the  pressure  of  blood,  the  latter  being  obtained 
by  injecting  one  to  three  drops  of  amyl  nitrate.  The 
dangers  of  electric  current  will,  moreover,  vary  to  a 
high  degree,  according  to  personal  predisposition, 
persons  subject  to  alcoholism,  as  well  as  those  easily 
frightened,  suffering  much  more  from  the  effect  of 
electric  shock  than  normal  people.  The  limit  of  dan- 
ger is  considered  as  coinciding  with  0.1  ampere. 


A  metric  kilogram  equals  2.2046  avoirdupois 
pounds.  The  legal  kilogram  in  the  United  States  is 
15,432  grains.  In  Mexico  all  weights  of  gold  and 
silver  in  ores,  mattes,  bullion,  etc.,  are  expressed  in 
metric  terms. 


September  19,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


185 


Notes  on  the  iletallurgy  of  Copper 
of  Hontana.* 


NUMBER  VIII 


Written  by  H.  O.  BorUAN. 


Converting  Copper  Matte. — The  converting  of 
copper  matte  has  undergone  many  changes  in  the 
form  of  apparatus  and  the  mode  of  working  since 
1884,  when  the  first  converter  was  put  into  oper- 
ation. 

The  original  Parrot  converter,  swinging  in  a  ver- 
tical plane,  was  8J  feet  high  and  5  feet  in  diameter, 
outside  dimensions.  The  matte  was  melted  down  in 
a  cupola  and  tapped  into  the  converter  through  a 
launder.  In  1896,  the  original  method  of  working  in 
separate  stages  was  changed,  and  50%  matte  was 
brought  forward  to  coarse  copper  in  one  operation. 
As  the  initial  charge  was  2500  pounds  of  matte,  in- 
creasing to  a  maximum  of  9000  pounds,  the  siliceous 
lining  being  eaten  and  worn  away,  the  amount  of 
coarse  copper  produced  in  a  blow  was  relatively 
small.  The  largest  upright  converter  in  Montana  is 
14  feet  2\  inches  in  height  and  7  feet  in  diameter, 
outside  dimensions.  It  works  with  an  average  charge 
of  five  tons  and  a  final  charge  of  eleven  tons  of  50% 
copper  matte,  receiving  it  as  direct  matte  from  the 
forehearth  of  the  blast  furnace  or  from  the  reverber- 
atory furnace.  Working  direct  matte  was  planned 
in  1890-91  by  the  late  C.  O.  Parsons,  and  carried  out 
by  F.  Klepetko  in  1892;  matte  was  transferred  from 
reverberatory  and  blast  furnaces  by  means  of  ladle 
and  electric  crane  to  the  converter.  At  two  plants 
a  medium-sized  converter  was  lifted  by  means  of  an 
overhead  traveling  crane  from  its  trunnion  supports 
and  brought  to  the  blast  or  reverberatory  matting 
furnace  to  receive  its  liquid  charge;  this  method  has 
become  obsolete,  but  it  has  its  advantages. 

At  present,  the  Parsons-Klepetko  method  is  gen- 
erally employed.  A  converter  charge  is  tapped 
from  the  blast  furnace  forehearth,  or  the  reverber- 
atory matting  furnace,  into  a  steel  ladle  managed  by 
an  electric  traveling  crane  and  poured  into  the  con- 
verter. Ladles  vary  in  size;  a  common  form  has  a 
diameter  of  5  feet  and  a  height  of  3  feet  10  inches. 
The  lining,  ordinary  loam,  is  plastered  on  by  hand, 
dried  by  an  air  current  and  then  by  a  fire  (wood, 
coke);  converter  slag,  to  the  thickness  of  3  inches,  is 
then  poured  in.  Matte  ladles  are  used,  also,  as  slag 
ladles.  A  lining  is  good  for  nine  and  one-half  tons  of 
copper. 

When  the  50%  matte  has  been  blown  to  white 
metal,  the  slag  is  skimmed  and  the  converter  very 
often  recharged  with  50%  matte  and  blown  through 
the  slagging  stage,  but,  more  commonly,  the  original 
charge  of  matte  is  blown  to  coarse  copper  after 
skimming,  without  addition  of  fresh  matte.  Doubling 
charges  is  a  common  procedure  on  matte  running 
less  than  50%  copper.  After  skimming  the  slag,  the 
white  metal  is  brought  forward  to  coarse  copper. 
By  these  double  charges  considerab  e  amount  of  cop- 
per is  produced  in  one  blow,  to  be  poured  into  the 
form  of  shipping  ingots,  200  to  250  pounds,  or  anodes, 
or  into  a  refining  furnace,  to  be  refined  before  cast- 
ing into  anodes. 

The  upright  converter  has  been  replaced  in  the 
new  plants  by  the  David-Manhes,  or  barrel  or  trough 
converter  swinging  in  a  horizontal  plane.  Here  we 
find  two  sizes;  the  smaller,  in  more  general  use,  is  7 
feet  in  diameter  and  10  feet  6  inches  long;  it  receives 
an  initial  double  charge  of  five  tons  and  a  final  double 
charge  of  twelve  tons  50%  matte;  the  larger  one  is  8 
feet  in  diameter  and  12  feet  5  inches  long,  the  initial 
double  charge  is  ten  tons,  and  the  final  double  charge 
is  twenty  tons.  The  main  reason  for  replacing  the 
upright  by  the  horizontal  converter  is  the  low  blast 
pressure  required  by  the  latter  type,  ten  versus  fif- 
teen pounds,  although  this  advantage  suffers  greatly 
by  the  difficulty  of  making  the  lining  firm — a  thing 
relatively  easily  accomplished  in  the  vertical  con- 
verter. Converting  matte  in  a  bottom-blown  up- 
right vessel  has  been  tried.  This  was  13  feet  high 
and  7  feet  in  diameter,  had  sixteen  }-inch  tuyeres 
placed  in  a  manner  similar  to  that  which  obtains  in 
making  steel  by  the  Bessemer  process.  The  experi- 
ments were  successful  so  far  as  the  process  proper 
was  concerned,  i.  e.,  50%  matte  was  satisfactorily 
brought  forward  to  coarse  copper,  which  remained 
sufficiently  fluid  to  be  poured  satisfactorily.  They 
appear  to  show  that  the  failure  of  Manhes  to  use  a 
bottom-blast  converter  in  his  first  experiments  was 
probably  due  to  his  operating  with  too  small  a  vessel 
from  which  matte  and  slag  were  blown  out,  and  with 
too  little  matte,  which  furnished  only  a  small  amount 
of  copper  quickly  chilled  by  the  blast.  The  Montana 
experiments  have  not  been  followed  up  for  the  pres- 
ent, as  the  life  of  the  bottom  was  too  short,  parts  of 
it  floating  up  during  a  blow.  The  experience  gained 
so  far  tends  to  show  that  the  bottom-blown  con- 
verter works  more  quickly  than  the  side-blown,  that 
the  wear  of  the  lining  is  more  even,  and  that  the 
critical  points  are  less  easily  discovered  and  have  to 
be  watched  with  great  care.  When  the  question  of 
lining  the  bottom  will  have  been  settled  satisfac- 
torily, it  is  believed  that  blowing  from  the  side  will 
be  given  up,  at  least  with  a  large  converter  having 

•Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


ANALYSES   OF  CONVERTER    LININGS. 


Greenish,  granular  sandstone,  Great  Falls. 

Crushed  quartzlte,  with  6%  clay 

Sandstone,  slimes  and  second-class  ore 

Quartzlte  and  slimes 

Sandstone 

Slimes 

Second-class  ore 

Quartzlte 

Slimes 


O 

DO 


64.4 
88  6 
68.0 
85.0 
64.4 
60.0 
57.0 
90-91 
60.0 


5 . 9 
2.2 
5.9 
2  5 
5.9 
2.2 
9  6 
2.7 
4-8 


16.5 
4.0 
17.3 
4.0 
16.5 
19.9 
10  4 
3-2 
15 


1.1 
1  6 
1.5 


1.1 


J.2f 


1.8    4.7 


1.3    4.1 


1.8    4.7 


2.1 
3.0 


6.8 
15.95 


9  0 


0 
4  0 


6.05 
5.95 


5  7 


em 
< 


12.0 


2.0 
10-20 


0.75 


11.0 


MONTANA    CONVERTERS. 


Converter. 


Upright  vessel,  7  feet  x  14  feet  7  inches. 
Medium  barrel,  1  feet  x  10  feet  6  inches. 
Large  barrel,  8  feet  x  12  feet  6  lnohes. . . 


<D 

•*» 

eB 

S 

□      . 

O    £D 

3  c 
St. 

a 

o 

a-S 

S  c 

2£ 

B.&S 

u  fc 

O 

SB 

u 
CD 

»3 

o 

a 

*8 

* 

3 

o  o 

p.c  Cu 

Sq.  Ft. 

Tons. 

TonB 

Tons. 

61.1 

7.07 

7.63 

.53 

14.8 

51.7 

6.66 

8.40 

.32 

26.2 

46 

17.79 

16.60 

.80 

20 

Tuyeres. 


No. 


14 
18 


Dlam 
I 

i 

14 


3  u 

a  s 


S£ 


Lbs. 
18 
12 
15 


*  These  data  do  not  show  the  amount  of  lining  material  required  to  line  a  new  converter,  but  only  the  average 
weight  put  In  after  a  lining  is  worn  down  to  the  point  where  further  charges  would  endanger  the  iron  shell. 


an  initial  charge  of  five  tons  50%  matte.  A  gyratory 
motion  of  the  charge,  obtained  by  placing  the  bottom 
tuyeres  inclined,  may  lengthen  the  life  of  a  converter 
lining. 

In  all  plants  the  converters  are  placed  in  a  single 
row,  forming  a  straight  line.  Back  of  them  is  the 
main  flue  (vacuum  0.1  inch  water),  with  projecting 
hoods,  into  which  the  converters  discharge  their 
gases,  vapors  and  finely  divided  particles  of  charge 
(called  flue  dust).  The  main  flue  ends  in  a  dust  cham- 
ber (temperature,  370"  C),  connected  with  a  stack. 
At  some  works  the  matte  is  poured  into  a  converter 
at  the  front  from  a  suspended  ladle,  at  others  it 
arrives  at  the  back  (above  the  main  flue)  in  a  ladle, 
and  is  poured  into  a  launder,  which  delivers  it  at  the 
front.  One  stall  is  served  by  two  to  two  and  one- 
half  converters  and  one  and  one-half  to  two  ladles. 
The  lining  of  converters,  both  of  body  and  of  caps,  is 
still  causing  trouble,  as  in  the  most  favorable  case 
the  body  has  to  be  removed  after  twenty-eight  tons 
of  matte  have  been  treated;  the  cap  has  a  longer 
life.  The  material  is,  of  course,  siliceous.  A  green- 
ish granular  sandstone  (Si02,  64,4;  FeO,  7.6;  A1203, 
16.5;  CaO,  1.1;  MgO,  1.8;  ignition  loss,  4.7),  which 
readily  crumbles  when  exposed  to  the  air,  is  used 
without  any  admixture  of  a  bond.  A  crushed  quartz- 
ite,  pugged  with  5%  clay,  gives  a  satisfactory  mix- 
ture (Si02,  88  6;  Fe203,  3.1;  A1203,  4.0;  CaO,  1.6); 
lining  sand  has  been  mixed  with  slimes  from  the  ore- 
dressing  works  (insoluble,  75.3;  Si02,  60.0;  Fe,  2.2; 
A1203,  19.9;  S,  6  8;  As  and  Sb,  0.75;  Cu,  6  05)  and 
with  second-class  ore  (insoluble,  68  9;  Si02,  67.0;  Fe, 
9.6;  Al2Os,  10.4;  S,  15.95;  Cu,  5.95;  Ag,  2  oz.),  giv- 
ing the  following  material: 

Insoluble,  82  2,  Si02,  63.0;  Fe,  5.9;  A1203,  17.3; 

CaO,  1.5;  MgO,  1.3;  S,  2.1;  Cu,  1.0; 

H20,  11.0;  ignition  loss,  4.1. 

Another  mixture  for  the  body  of  the  converters  con- 
sists of  quartzlte  (Si02,  90  to  91;  A1203,  2.0;  FeO, 
3.0;  Ag,  10  to  20  oz  )  and  slimes  (Si02,  60;  Fe,  4  to  5; 
A1203,  15;  S,  9;  Cu,  5  to  7),  to  form  a  lining  (Si02, 
85;  Fe,  3  3;  Al2Oa,  4;  S,  3;  Cu,  4;  Ag,  12  oz.). 

In  some  instances  siliceous  gold  ores  have  been 
worked  in  as  a  lining  material.  The  material  for  the 
cap  has  to  be  more  plastic  than  is  necessary  for  that 
of  the  body.  The  lining  usually  consists  of  body  lin- 
ing material,  and  5%  to  10%  of  clay,  and  is  mixed 
with  more  water  than  the  body  material.  If  the  lin- 
ing of  the  body  were  eaten  away  solely  by  the  scori- 
fying action  of  the  iron,  its  life  would  be  much  longer 
than  it  is.  The  chemical  action  in  some  instances 
plays  even  a  subordinate  part  to  the  mechanical 
wear,  by  the  swash  of  the  liquid  charge  which  causes 
part  of  the  lining  to  break  off.  This  is  especially  ob- 
servable in  the  barrel  converter.  The  chemical  wear 
takes  place  mainly  near  the  tuyeres,  the  mechanical 
wear  at  the  opposite  side  near  the  top  of  the  body. 
In  an  upright  converter,  14  feet  2  inches  high  and  7 
feet  in  diameter,  the  bottom  lining  will  be  22  inches 
thick,  the  side  lining  at  the  tuyeres  will  be  30  inches 
thick,  and  on  the  opposite  only  18  inches,  while  at 
the  top  of  the  body  the  lining  on  the  tuyere  side  will 
be  17}  and  opposite  27}  inches  thick. 

In  a  horizontal  converter,  10  feet  6  inches  long  and 
7  feet  in  diameter,  the  bottom  will  be  18  inches  thick, 
consisting  of  a  4-inch  segmental  layer  of  mixture 
tamped  onto  the  steel  shell,  followed  by  a  slightly 
curved  42--inch  course  of  brick  and  by  a  10-inch  layer 
of  mixture.  The  sides  are  lined  with  a  course  of  4J- 
inch  firebrick,  special  brick  6J  by  6J  by  4  inches  be- 
ing used  at  the  tuyere  level.  A  cross  -  section 
through  the  tuyere  level  will  show  the  sand  lining  to 
be  30  inches  at  the  tuyeres  and  16  inches  opposite; 
at  the  top  of  the  body,  the  corresponding  dimensions 
will  be  20   and  20   inches.     The  longitudinal  section 


will  show  the  side  lining  to  be  16  inches  at  top  of  the 
bottom  lining  and  34  inches  at  the  top  of  the  body. 
The  ends  are  not  lined  with  brick.  Sometimes  the 
lining  is  still  rammed  in  by  hand,  an  air  drill  adapted 
for  the  purpose  or  the  flask  tamper  of  the  foundry- 
man  is  more  common. 

The  ramming  is  done  by  contract,  a  premium  being 
paid  if  the  converter  makes  more  than  the  standard 
amount  of  copper  on  a  lining  and  deductions  made  if 
it  falls  below  it.  If  the  lining  is  to  be  patched,  the 
vessel  is  first  emptied  and  then  cooled  with  water 
from  the  outside,  then  lining  material  is  rammed  in 
or  a  few  scoopfuls  of  infusible  odds-and-ends  are 
thrown  in,  tamped  down  and  slag  thrown  over  the 
patch.  Occasionally,  matte  is  run  into  the  empty 
converter  and  allowed  to  solidify.  Experiments  in 
lengthening  the  life  of  the  converter,  by  pouring 
siliceous  blast  furnace  slag  into  the  converters  with 
the  hope  that  the  excess  of  silica  over  that  of  the 
normal  converter  slag  would  combine  with  the  oxid- 
ized iron  from  the  matte,  have  been  only  partially 
successful. 

The  difficulty  and  expense  of  handling  converter 
slag  has  been  overcome  in  one  plant  by  the  use  of 
slag  casting  machines. 

The  average  time  to  complete  a  charge  with  a  five- 
ton  upright  converter  is  two  hours  fifty-five  minutes; 
this  figure  is  reduced  to  two  hours  twenty  minutes  if 
the  time  taken  up  by  pouring  and  waiting  is  ex- 
cluded. The  blowing  of  a  single  charge  takes  forty- 
seven  minutes,  a  double  charge  takes  eighty-two 
minutes.  In  pouring  the  slag  a  rabble  is  pushed  in 
and  out  of  the  stream  of  slag.  The  appearance  of 
bright  sizzling  specks  is  a  sign  that  white  metal  is 
coming  over.  A  few  partial  analyses  of  the  products 
obtained  in  converting  are  subjoined: 


Cu 

sio2. 

FeO 

Al2 

oa. 

CaO. 

Ag- 
Au. 
Ozs. 

S. 

As. 
and 
Sb. 

Slag 

2.0 
1.6 

5-6 
37.8 
63.4 
65 
99.0 

30.0 
29.8 
31-32 

55.2 

57.8 
54 

9.5 
10.0 

1.0 
1.0 

it 

0.8 

tt 

Dust 

tt 

1.5  |  7.4 
3.8    12.8 

1.9 

None 

53^8 

14.3 
16.0 

4.8 

it 

9-40 

The  labor  required  per  shift  for  a  single  converter 
is  made  up  of  one  skimmer,  one  puncher,  one  helper 
and  one  sampler. 

With  three  large  horizontal  converters  running  as 
steadily  as  possible  the  number  is  one  skimmer,  two 
punchers,  two  helpers  and  two  samplers. 

In  the  following  table  part  of  the  data  given  previ- 
ously have  been  summarized,  and  some  additional 
facts  have  been  added. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  medium  barrel  uses  much 
less  lining  per  ton  of  resulting  copper  than  the  up- 
right vessel,  although  the  grade  of  the  matte  differs 
only  slightly.  This  may  be  explained  by  the  more 
siliceous  character  of  the  lining  used,  as,  except  for 
the  mechanical  effect  of  making  the  material  plastic, 
alumina  would  be  of  no  service  in  scorifying;  further- 
more, the  lining  of  the  upright  vessel  runs  higher  in 
iron. 

The  lining  of  the  large  barrel  is  of  about  the  same 
quality  as  that  used  with  the  medium  barrel,  but  as 
the  matte  of  the  former  is  of  a  lower  grade,  the 
quantity  of  lining  used  per  ton  of  resulting  copper  is 
naturally  higher. 

Converter  Lining.      S102.  Fe203.  Al2Oa.  CaO.  MgO. 

Medium  barrel 91.        3.  3.8        1.6 

Upright  vessel 64.4      8.4       16.5        1.1        1.8 

In  the  upright  vessel,  the  amount  of  free  air  used 


186 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


per  ton  of  copper  converted  is  about  200,000  cubic 
feet,  not  allowing  for  "leakage"  in  the  blowing  en- 
gines. 

Yield  or  Metal. — The  general  yield  of  metal  in 
roasting,  smelting  and  converting,  in  treating  an  ore 
assaying  10%  to  12%  copper  and  about  four  ounces 
silver  per  ton,  is  copper  92+%  and  silver  95+%. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Cyanide  Treatment  of  Sands  on 
the  Rand.* 

Written  by  H.  S.  Denny. 

As  a  general  statement,  it  may  be  said  that  the 
cyanide  process  upon  the  Witwatersrand  is  princi- 
pally confined  to  the  treatment  of  what  is  designated 
as  "sands,"  after  classification  always  from 
"slimes,"  and  in  a  few  isolated  cases  from  sulphur- 
ets.  The  average  percentage  of  sands  so  classified 
is  in  the  neighborhood  of  70%,  the  balance  consisting 
of  slimes  and,  where  concentration  is  employed,  of 
slimes  and  sulphurets. 

Leaving  the  question  of  concentration  out  of  con- 
sideration for  the  moment,  the  general  practice  is  to 
pass  the  ore,  after  being  crushed  to  about  a  600 
mesh  (per  square  inch),  over  amalgamated  copper 
-plates.    The  pulp  is  then  lifted,  ordinarily  by  means 


Where  a  side  discharge  is  adopted  it  is  claimed  that 
this  objection  is  overcome.  A  good  settlement  is  one 
which  leaves  a  deposit  of  clean  sand  entirely  free  of 
slime,  and  which  loses  no  sand  in  the  operation.  The 
settling  tanks  are  supplied  with  filter  beds,  by  means 
of  which  the  sands'are  thoroughly  drained. 

From  the  settling  vats — which  in  some  cases  are 
superimposed  above  the  treatment  vats,  whilst  in 
others  they  are  placed  on  the  same  level — the  sands 
are  removed  through  the  discharge  doors  by  hand 
labor  and  put  into  the  treatment  tanks.  The  treat- 
ment vats  are  supplied  with  filter  beds,  beneath 
which  are  two  or  three  outlets  connecting  with  mains 
running  to  the  extractor  boxes.  Through  these 
mains  the  strong,  medium  and  weak  solutions,  or 
strong  and  weak  solutions  if  only  two  mains  are  used, 
are  conducted  to  the  zinc  separator  boxes,  where 
there  is  provision  for  conducting  the  solution  coming 
from  any  one  main  to  any  extractor  box  desired. 
The  connections  between  the  outlets  from  the  vats 
and  the  mains  are  so  arranged  that  the  flow  of  solu- 
tion from  any  one  vat  may  be  regulated  to  the  vari- 
ous boxes  at  will.  The  solution  mains  are  provided 
with  meters  by  which  the  amount  of  solution  passing 
through  any  main  may  be  estimated,  and  drip  sam- 
ples are  taken  from  the  top  of  each  extractor  box, 
in  order  to  check  the  amount  of  gold  entering  any 
one  box. 

The  usual  practice  on  the  Witwatersrand  is  to  give 
each  charge  of  sands  a  six  days  treatment,  and  the 
washes  used  are  somewhat  as  follows: 

1.     Strong  solution  (.25%  cyanide  of  potassium), 


Taverner,  cyanide  manager  of  the  Bonanza  mine,  by 
which  the  acid  treatment  may  or  may  not  be  used, 
but  the  subsequent  operation  consists  of  smelting 
with  lead  and  final  cupellation,  and  it  is  claimed  that 
a  considerable  saving  is  effected  by  it.  There  is  no 
doubt  that  the  presence  of  zinc  in  smelting  gold 
always  brings  with  it  a  tendency  to  carry  off  a  por- 
tion of  the  gold,  and  whatever  the  subsequent  oper- 
ations may  be,  i.  e.,  whether  cupellation  or  direct 
smelting,  I  think  the  operation  is  benefited  by  a 
preliminary  acid  treatment  if  it  can  be  done  econom- 
ically. 

The  main  points  to  be  observed  in  cyanide  practice 
are,  firstly,  to  study  the  consumption  of  cyanide,  and 
by  neutralizing  any  free  acid  that  may  be  contained, 
to  keep  that  consumption  at  its  lowest  point ;  sec- 
ondly, to  have  a  leachable  product  free  from  slimes, 
and,  thirdly,  to  secure  a  high  extraction  and  a  low 
residue. 

The  details  of  handling  both  the  slimes  and  sands 
depend  entirely  upon  the  arrangement  of  the  plant, 
and  it  is  generally  agreed  that  the  superimposed  set- 
tling tanks  enable  the  operator  to  work  more  eco- 
nomically than  in  any  other  design. 

The  attached  diagram  shows  the  general  arrange- 
ment of  reduction  plant  New  Goch,  shortly  to  be 
erected  on  the  New  Goch  mine.  There  are  many 
Utile  improvements  introduced,  all  of  which  will  tend 
to  facilitate  the  various  operations  comprising  the 
treatment  of  sands.  The  most  conspicuous  feature 
of  the  cyanide  plant  is  the  installation  of  conveyor 
belts  for  the  handling  of  the  residues,  and  it  is  antici- 


Gcncral  Arrangement  of  Reduction  Plant  at  New  Goch  Gold  Mines,  Witwatersrand,  South  Africa. 


of  a  tailings  wheel,  to  a  point  where  it  is  introduced 
into  one  or  a  series  of  spitzkasten,  the  overflow  from 
which  carries  off  the  bulk  of  the  water  and  30%  of 
the  crushed  ore,  consisting  of  slimes.  This  overflow 
is  then  either  passed  through  a  slimes  plant,  or,  as  in 
the  majority  of  cases,  simply  led  into  settling  pits, 
where  the  slime  is  allowed  to  accumulate  and  the 
overflow  water  is  returned  to  the  mill  reservoir. 

The  bottom  discharge  from  the  spitzkasten  is  so 
arranged  that  its  product  may  be  conveyed  into  one 
of  several  vats,  where  it  is  settled  either  by  means 
of  an  automatic  distributor  or  a  hand  hose  arrange- 
ment. In  some  cases  fresh  water  is  supplied  at  the 
point  of  discharge  at  the  bottom  of  the  spitzkasten, 
in  order  to  avoid  the  possibility  of  slimes  going 
through  with  the  sands,  but  this  is  not  generally 
considered  necessary. 

One  form  of  automatic  distributor,  well  known  as 
the  "Butters"  distributor,  is  used.  Most  mining 
men,  however,  prefer  the  hand-hose  distributor,  which 
is  generally  operated  by  a  native,  who  carries  the 
hose  to  different  points  in  the  vat,  and  regulates  the 
overflow  discharge  in  each  vat,  so  that  it  leaves  at 
the  furthest  possible  point  from  where  he  has  dopos- 
ited  the  sands.  With  the  Butters  distributor  the  vat 
is  in  some  cases  first  filled  with  water,  and  a  series 
of  pipes  automatically  rotated  by  the  force  of  the  in- 
coming pulp  divides  the  stream  into  several  channels 
and  deposits  it  at  various  annular  distances  from  the 
center.  One  objection  to  this  latter  method  is  that 
if  for  any  reason  the  incoming  flow  is  stopped,  there 
is  a  settlement  of  slime  with  the  sands,  which  preju- 
dicially affects  the  subsequent  leaching  operations. 

*  Abstract  from  Jour.  Ctaem.  Metal.  &  Mln.  Soc,  S.  A. 


regulated  to  drain  in  twenty-four  hours,  the  weight 
of  solution  being  about  20%  of  that  of  the  ore.  The 
charge  is  then  allowed  to  stand  for  twelve  hours. 

2.  This  operation  is  repeated. 

3.  Washes  of  .1%  solution,  drained  dry  each  time 
and  occupying  two  days,  the  proportion  of  solution 
to  ore  being  in  the  ratio  of  4 — 5. 

4.  Washes  of  0.2  solution  in  the  ratio  of  1 — 10. 

5.  Water  wash  in  the  ratio  of  1 — 10. 

It  has  come  before  my  notice  in  the  past  few  years 
that  after  the  installation  of  new  filter  beds  the  value 
of  the  residues  after  treatment  reaches  its  minimum 
point,  and  as  the  filter  beds  become  older  the  resi- 
dues increase  in  value.  Careful  attention  to  the  con- 
dition of  the  beds  and  proper  cleaning  will  obviate 
any  material  loss  in  this  direction,  but  there  is  no 
doubt  that  a  limit  is  reached  when  it  pays  far  better 
to  incur  the  expenditure  entailed  in  putting  in  new 
filter  beds  rather  than  continue  with  the  old  ones. 

The  strength  of  the  solution  used  and  the  time  of 
treatment  given  will  vary  slightly  with  different  ore, 
but  the  general  practice  is  the  same  in  all  cases. 
The  clean-up  of  the  gold  slimes  from  the  extractor 
boxes  is  on  some  mines  conducted  monthly,  whilst  in 
others  a  light  clean-up  is  made  in  the  first  half  of  the 
month,  and,  personally,  I  favor  the  latter  procedure, 
as  it  increases  the  efficiency  of  the  boxes  and  enables 
one  to  estimate  more  accurately  what  the  output  is 
likely  to  be. 

The  treatment  of  zinc  slimes  is  simple,  the  first 
operation  being  to  treat  it  with  sulphuric  acid  and 
get  rid  of  the  bulk  of  the  zinc,  the  second  to  calcine 
it,  and,  finally,  to  melt  it  with  suitable  fluxes  in  clay- 
lined  plumbago  furnaces  of  the  reverberatory  type. 

A  new  process  has  been  introduced  lately  by  Mr. 


pated  that  in  this  section  of  work  a  considerable  sav- 
ing will  be  effected  as  against  the  methods  of  truck- 
ing in  vogue  to-day.  It  is  more  than  probable  that 
conveyor  belts  will  play  a  very  important  part  in  all 
of  our  handling  work  in  the  near  future,  and  even 
to-day  there  is  plenty  of  evidence  to  show  that  their 
utility  will  not  be  confined  to  dealing  with  residues  or 
even  the  handling  of  rock  on  surface. 

I  confidently  look  forward  to  the  time  when  the 
huge  plants,  necessitated  by  the  prolonged  percola- 
tion methods  in  vogue  to-day,  will  give  way  to  some- 
thing very  much  more  simple  and  effective  both  in 
design  and  operation,  and  although,  as  elsewhere 
shown,  our  experiments  on  the  short  treatment  of 
sands  have  not  thus  far  resulted  in  a  success  that 
would  justify  too  much  optimism,  I  cannot  but  feel 
that  on  an  ore  offering  to  the  metallurgist  so  few 
difficulties  as  that  of  the  Witwatersrand,  that  the 
time  is  not  far  distant  when  the  present  difficulties 
will  be  overcome. 

Slimes  Treatment. — Following  up  the  experiments 
in  the  rapid  treatment  of  slimes  which  show  such 
highly  satisfactory  results,  it  may  not  be  out  of  place 
to  describe  a  plant  which  is  now  erected  and  being 
experimented  with  at  the  Van  Ryn  gold  mines  estate. 
The  plant  is  designed  to  take  the  whole  of  the  slimes 
overflowing  from  the  spitzkasten,  where  the  separa- 
tion of  sands  and  slimes  is  effected,  and  its  arrange- 
ment is  such  that  the  flow  is  taken  continuously  at 
the  top  of  the  plant,  and  the  treated  slimes  discharged 
continuously  at  the  bottom,  the  whole  process  be- 
tween these  two  points  being  continuous  and  regu- 
lated by  the  adjustment  of  a  few  valves.  I  admit 
that  no  authoritative  statement  as  to  the  results 
the  working  of  the  plant  can  be  made  till  it  has  be 


September  19,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


187 


in  operation  for  some  months,  and  I  prefer  in  these 
notes  to  simply  describe  the  operations  without  going 
into  details  as  to  the  figures  of  cost  and  extraction 
being  obtained  from  it. 

The  firbt  duty  of  the  plant  is  to  separate  almost 
the  whole  of  the  water  from  the  slimes  in  one  con- 
tinuous operation,  and  in  such  a  manner  that  the 
water  may  be  immediately  returned  to  the  mill  reser- 
voirs available  for  use  again. 

On  the  majority  of  our  mines  today  the  overflow 
from  the  spitzkasten  above  the  cyanide  vats  is  al- 
lowed to  flow  either  through  launders  or  open  cut- 
tings to  the  slime  setting  pits,  and  in  many  cases  the 
length  of  such  conduit  is  very  considerable,  and  con- 
sequently the  loss  of  water,  firstly,  by  absorption, 
and,  secondly,  by  evaporation,  is  correspondingly 
heavy. 

Then,  again,  it  is  the  custom  to  provide  a  series  of 
pits  in  which  the  slime  is  settled,  and  the  mainte- 
nance charges  for  the  upkeep  of  banks  and  for  clean- 
ing out  these  pits  represents  a  very  appreciable 
figure  per  month. 

Finally,  there  is  further  loss  of  water  by  absorp- 
tion and  evaporation  in  the  pits  themselves,  and 
when  the  whole  of  these  items  are  combined  they 
constitute  quite  a  heavy  charge  on  the  working  costs 
per  ton  treated. 

On  this  score  alone,  therefore,  it  may  be  fairly 
claimed  that  the  plant  fulfills  an  important  function, 
and  i  ne  that  from  a  financial  point  of  view  is  quite 
sufficient  to  justify  the  expenditure  which  its  erection 
has  entailed.  This  statement  would  not  apply  to  the 
same  degree  on  a  mine  possessing  a  supply  of  water 
so  liberal  that  the  loss  of  a  fairly  large  quantity  per 
day  could  be  permitted  without  danger,  but  it  is  a 
notorious  fact  that  most  of  the  mines  on  the  Witwat- 
ersrand  have  only  their  bare  requirement,  whilst 
many  pay  something  like  2s  6d  per  1000  gallons  for 
the  commodity,  and  in  each  case  the  saving  of 
water  becomes  an  exceedingly  important  consid- 
eration. 

It  is  generally  estimated  that  with  every  ton  of  ore 
crushed  on  the  Witwatersrand  we  use  from  seven  to 
ten  tons  of  water,  and  although  the  latter  figure  is 
probably  above  the  average,  in  the  absence  of  more 
accurate  data  I  have  adopted  it  wherever  this  ques- 
tion has  been  touched  upon. 

The  average  loss  of  water  is  estimated  at  20%  of 
the  total  used  per  day. 

On  a  basis  of  100  stamps  crushing  500  tons  qf  ore 
and  using  5000  tons  of  water,  we  thus  have  a  loss  of 
1000  tons  of  water,  or  200,000  gallons  per  day,  which 
at  say  only  Is  per  1000  gallons  amounts  to  £10  per 
day,  or  £300  per  month,  whilst  for  companies  paying 
2s  6d  per  1000  gallons  it  represents  £750  per  month. 

In  the  plant  under  consideration  the  overflow  water 
from  the  first  three  tanks  flows  continuously  to  the 
return  water  tanks,  situated  near  at  hand,  and  from 
this  point  is  pumped  either  direct  to  the  mill  reser- 
voir or  to  the  service  tanks. 

Even  supposing,  therefore,  that  the  loss  of  water  is 
reduced  by  only  50%  as  compared  with  the  slime  pit 
settlement,  the  advantages  gained  are  obviously  im- 
portant quite  apart  from  the  upkeep  of  conduits  and 
slime  pits  involved  in  the  latter  system. 

Another  feature  that  may  be  mentioned  is  that 
to-day  our  slime  settling  pits  are  in  many  cases  con- 
siderably removed  from  the  mill  water  reservoir,  and 
the  whole  of  the  return  water  has  to  be  pumped  over 
long  distances,  and  often  through  a  comparatively 
high  lift,  necessitating  large  pumping  equipment  and 
heavy  cost. 

The  results  of  our  work  thus  far  indicate  that  on 
the  score  of  water  separation  we  may  be  <}uite  satis- 
fied that  the  plant  will  realize  all  our  expectations. 

In  order  to  more  clearly  follow  the  operation  of 
slime  separation,  gold  solution  and  residue  washing 
performed  by  the  plant  under  consideration,  the  fol- 
lowing description  has  been  based  upon  a  day's 
treatment  of  the  current  slimes  produced  by  160 
stamps. 

Assume  that  five  tons  of  ore  are  crushed  per  stamp 
per  day,  and  that  ten  tons  of  water  are  required  for 
every  ton  of  ore  crushed,  thus  : 

160x5  =  800  tons  of  ore  crushed  per  day  by  160 
stamps. 

800x10  =  8000  tons  of  water  required  per  day. 

800  +  8000  =  8800  tons  of  pulp  discharged  by  bat- 
tery per  day. 

Slimes  average,  say,  25%  of  total  rock  crushed. 

Then :  — ,„„     =  200  tons  of    slimes  produced  per 


day. 


100 

800x75 
100 


600  tons  of  tailings  produced  per 


day. 

The  tailings  retain  10%  of  water,  equal  to  sixty 
tons,  therefore  the  tailings  and  retained  water  ac- 
count for  660  tons  out  of  the  original  8800  tons  of 
pulp  discharged. 

8800  —  660  =  8140  tons,  which  is  the  quantity  sent 
to  the  slimes  plant  per  day. 

The  launder  is  so  arranged  that  the  flow  of  incom- 
ing slimes  is  divided  in  such  a  manner  that  each  vat 
receives  an  equal  proportion  of  it.  That  is  to  say,  on 
the  proportion  upon  which  we  are  figuring  each  vat 

receives  — =—  =  4070  tons  of  slime  pulp  per  day.     In 

these  vats  a  separation  of  the  whole  of  the  slimes 


is  automatically  effected,  the  separated  slimes  con- 
tinuously falling  to  the  bottom  of  the  vat,  and  con- 
tinuously discharging  through  a  suitable  pipe  to  a 
second  separator  vat.  The  proportion  of  dry  slimes 
in  the  discharge  is  one  of  slimes  and  four  of  water. 
The  separated  water  overflows  from  the  tops  of  the 
vats  and  returns  direct  to  the  mill  reservoir. 

We  have  seen  that  the  total  slimes  produced  per 
day  is  200  tons,  equivalent  to,  approximately,  0.14 
tons  per  minute. 

The  flow  of  water  into  the  slimes  plant — less 
amount  received  by  the  tailings — is  1103  gallons  per 
minute;  0.14  tons  of  slime — calculating  it  to  be  1J 
times  as  heavy  as  water — would  therefore  amount 
to  18  5  gallons  per  minute.  The  total  quantity  of 
slimes  and  water  is,  therefore,  say,  1120  gallons  per 
minute. 

The  vat  B  receives  the  whole  of  the  separated 
slimes  from  the  vat  A,  together  with  four  times  the 
quantity  of  water.  It  receives,  therefore,  per  min- 
ute the  equivalent  of  19  gallons  of  dry  slime  and  111 
gallons  of  water,  or  130  gallons  per  minute  in  all 
The  quantity  of  water  clarified  and  returned  to  the 
mill  reservoirs  from  the  vat  A  is;  therefore,  1103  — 
130  =  973  gallons  per  minute. 

A  similar  separation  to  that  effected  in  A  takes 
place  in  B ;  that  is  to  say,  the  slimes  settle  at  the 
bottom  and  the  water  constantly  rises  and  discharges 
over  the  top  of  the  vat.  As  the  rate  of  intake  into 
B  is  only  130  gallons  per  minute,  as  compared  with 
450  gallons  per  minute  in  vat  A,  the  one  vat  is  suffi- 
cient to  handle  the  whole  of  the  incoming  pulp  from 
the  vat  A.  The  separated  slimes  in  the  vat  B  are 
discharged  as  a  thick  pulp  in  the  proportion  of  one 
part  by  weight  of  dry  slime  to  one  part  by  weight  of 
water  to  the  solution  chamber.  Here  the  pulp  is 
brought  into  contact  with  cyanide  solution,  and  the 
whole  is  brought  into  a  state  of  agitation  by  means 
of  compressed  air  introduced  through  pipes  lining  the 
chamber  and  by  arms  revolving  in  the  chamber.  The 
quantity  of  water  and  slimes  discharged  per  minute 
into  the  solution  chamber  is,  therefore,  19  gallons  of 
dry  slimes  and  28  gallons  of  water,  equal  to  47  gal- 
lons of  pulp. 

The  quantity  of  clarified  water  overflowing  from 
top  of  vat  B  is,  therefore,  130  —  47  =  83  gallons  of 
clear  water  per  minute  returned  to  the  mill  reser- 
voir. The  total  quantity  of  water  returned  to  the 
mill  reservoir  is,  therefore,  973  gallons  per  minute 
from  the  vat  A,  plus  83  gallons  per  minute  returned 
from  vat  B,  a  total  of  1056  gallons  out  of  the  total 
1103  supplied  with  the  slimes. 

In  the  solution  chamber  a  quantity  of  cyanide  solu- 
tion— proportioned  as  3  of  solution  to  1  of  pulp — is 
added.  At  the  rate  of  flow  of  pulp,  shown  above, 
into  this  chamber,  viz. :  47  gallons  per  minute,  the 
quantity  of  cyanide  solution  to  be  added  is  141  gallons 
per  minute.  The  inflow  and  outflow  to  and  from  the 
solution  chamber  may  be  regulated  according  to  the 
will  of  the  operator.  The  thoroughly  mixed  and 
aerated  pulp  and  cyanide  solution  now  discharges 
into  the  separator  vat  C,  the  flow  being  at  the  rate 
of  188  gallons  per  minute.  Here  a  similar  separation 
to  that  effected  in  B  takes  place,  the  slime  sinking  to 
the  bottom  of  the  vat  and  the  solution  rising  to  the 
top  and  overflowing.  The  important  difference  in 
the  overflow  from  vats  A  and  B,  in  contradistinction 
to  vat  C,  is  that,  whereas  in  the  first  case  the  over- 
flow was  water,  in  the  case  of  C  the  liquid  is  cyanide 
solution,  in  which  is  contained  the  gold  dissolved  from 
the  pulp  in  solution  chamber.  The  overflow  passes 
directly  to  the  precipitating  boxes,  the  rate  of  flow 
being  the  total  quantity  less  the  proportion  dis- 
charged from  the  bottom  of  the  vat  C.  This  quan- 
tity is  precisely  the  same  as  that  flowing  from  the 
vat  B,  therefore  the  rate  of  flow  of  the  cyanide  solu- 
tion to  the  precipitating  boxes  is  141  gallons  per 
minute.'  (This  quantity,  it  will  be  observed,  is  that 
required  for  admixture  with  the  pulp  in  each  solution 
chamber,  so  that  there  can  be  no  accumulation  of 
cyanide  solution.)  The  discharging  pulp  from  C,  at 
the  rate  of  47  gallons  per  minute,  passes  into  the 
solution  chamber,  where  it  meets  an  incoming  stream 
of  cyanide  solution,  flowing  at  the  rate  of  141 
gallons  per  minute.  In  this  chamber  the  mixture  is 
again  thoroughly  agitated  by  air,  finally  discharging 
into  a  slimes  sump,  in  which  is  placed  a  pump,  which 
latter  raises  the  slimes  to  vat  D.  Here,  similarly  to 
C,  a  separation  of  slimes  and  solution  is  effected,  the 
settled  slimes  discharging  to  the  solution  chamber, 
and  the  overflowing  cyanide  solution  passing  to  the 
making-up  tank,  where,  after  being  raised  to  the 
standard  strength,  it  passes  to  the  solution  chamber, 
beginning  the  cycle  de  novo. 

The  pulp  passing  into  the  solution  chamber  meets 
a  stream  of  solution  which  has  passed  through  the 
precipitating  boxes  to  the  sump,  and  is  continually 
pumped  from  thence  to  this  chamber  at  the  same 
rate  as  it  flows  through  the  precipitating  boxes,  viz., 
168  gallons  per  minute.  In  this  chamber  the  pulp  is 
agitated  by  air  similarly  to  the  process  in  b  and  c, 
discharging  into  the  separator  vat  E.  Here  a  sepa- 
ration of  slimes  is  effected  from  the  cyanide  solution 
in  every  way  similar  to  that  described  in  connection 
with  the  other  separator  vats,  A,  B,  C  and  D,  the 
overflow  of  the  cyanide  solution  passing  into  the  solu- 
tion Chamber,  and  the  slimes  discharging  at  the 
bottom  of  the  vat,  being  depleted  of  their  gold  to  the 
greatest '  possible  degree,  are  pumped  to  a  slimes 
residue   dump.     The  quantity  of  solution  lost  in  the 


whole  process  is  the  weak  washing  solution  which  is 
discharged  from  the  vat  E.  This  loss  is  less  than 
that  from  the  ordinary  slimes  plant,  inasmuch  as  it 
is  difficult  to  settle  slimes  by  the  ordinary  process  to 
a  constituency  of  more  than  40%  dry  slimes  in  the 
pulp,  whereas  in  the  case  under  review  the  discharge 
is  from  50%  to  60%. 

In  Western  Australia  today  several  authorities 
state  that  they  obtain  a  product  carrying  60%  dry 
slimes  from  a  series  of  ordinary  spitzkasten. 


Ore    Deposits   of   the    Northern 
Black    Hills.* 


NUMBER  II. 


WrltteD  by  J.  D.  Irving. 


There  are  at  present,  besides  these  sedimentary 
rocks,  eruptive  rocks  of  several  varieties.  The  most 
abundant  of  these  are  rhyolite,  either  fine-grained 
and  white,  as  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Homestake  mine, 
or  coarsegrained  and  darker-colored,  as  in  other 
localities;  syenite  porphyries,  which  occur  chiefly  in 
the  vicinity  of  Deadwood  and  Two  Bit  gulch,  and 
phonolite.  The  latter  is  generally  of  a  dark  greenish 
or  bluish  rock,  sometimes  quite  coarse,  but  usually 
exceedingly  dense  and  fine-grained.  Other  interme- 
diate varieties  of  eruptive  rock  are  also  present  in 
different  places.  The  eruptive  rocks,  when  found  in 
the  schist  series,  are  usually  either  in  dikes  which  are 
parallel  to  the  lamination  of  the  schists,  or  in  large 
and  more  irregular  masses  which  have  no  definite 
form.  When  in  the  Cambrian  rocks,  they  are  gener- 
ally sills  or  sheets  which  have  spread  out  laterally  to 
great  distances  along  the  planes  of  sedimentation; 
when  found  in  the  Carboniferous,  are  of  more  irregu- 
lar form,  sometimes  occurring  in  short,  thick  sheets, 
again  in  dikes,  and  still  more  frequently  in  very  ir- 
regular masses. 

The  Oee  Deposits— If  the  placer  workings,  which 
are  distributed  widely  over  the  entire  hills,  be  ex- 
cluded, the  productive  mining  region  of  the  northern 
Black  Hills  comprises  a  limited  area  of  about  100 
square  miles.  It  extends  from  the  town  of  Perry,  on 
Elk  creek,  where  the  Clover  Leaf  mine  is  situated, 
northwestward  to  the  town  of  Carbonate,  east  of 
Spearfish  canyon,  while  its  widest,  as  well  as  most 
productive  portion,  lies  between  Terry  Peak  on  the 
southwest  and  Garden  City  on  the  northeast. 

Within  this  rather  restricted  region  are  closely 
grouped  together  as  many  as  nine  distinct  types  of 
ore  deposits.  They  occur  in  each  case  in  a  particu- 
lar geological  series,  and  are,  with  one  exception,  not 
found  in  the  rocks  belonging  to  any  other  formation. 
Considering  them  in  accordance  with  the  rocks  in 
which  they  are  found,  we  may  distinguish  the  follow- 
ing five  divisions: 

(1)  Ore  deposits  in  Algonkian  rocks;  (2)  ore  depos- 
its in  Cambrian  rocks;  (3)  ore  deposits  in  Carbon- 
iferous rocks;  (4)  ore  deposits  in  eruptive  rocks; 
(5)  ore  deposits  in  rocks  of  recent  formation. 

In  the  crystalline  schists  and  metamorphic  rocks 
of  the  Algonkian  age  are  found  the  free-milling  gold 
ores,  some  small  deposits  of  tin  and  a  few  prospects 
of  copper  which  have  not  yet  assumed  great  import- 
ance. In  addition  to  these,  there  are  certain  de- 
posits of  graphite  which  have  lately  attracted  some 
interest. 

In  the  Cambrian  rocks  there  are  gold-bearing 
gravels  which  lie  at  the  base  of  the  formation ;  the 
refractory  siliceous  ores  which  have  of  late  years 
become  of  great  importance,  the  lead-silver  ores  of 
Galena  and  vicinity,  and  some  deposits  of  wolframite, 
which  have  from  time  to  time  produced  considerable 
quantities  of  this  mineral. 

In  the  heavy,  gray  limestones  of  the  Carboniferous 
there  have  been  found  in  the  vicinity  of  Bagged  Top 
mountain  high-grade  siliceous  ores,  and  at  the  town 
of  Carbonate  the  same  rocks  have  yielded  lead-silver 
ores  closely  resembling  those  of  Leadville,  Colo.  A 
few  deposits  also  occur  in  eruptive  rocks.  In  the 
latest  rocks  of  all — the  gravels  which  fill  the  beds  of 
modern  streams — have  been  found  the  placer  depos- 
its, and  while  they  are  chiefly  of  historic  interest  as 
representing  the  earlier  development  of  mining  in  the 
hills,  they  have  in  past  years  produced  heavily. 

Ore  Deposits  in  Metamorphic  Algonkian  Schists. 
— Since  the  attention  of  miners  has  been  transferred 
from  the  gold-bearing  gravels,  which  are  always  the 
first  producers  of  a  mining  region,  the  free-milling 
lodes  which  occur  in  the  Algonkian  schists  have  as- 
sumed a  greater  and  greater  importance  in  the  pro- 
duction of  this  region,  until  now  they  are  the  heaviest 
producers  and  constitute  by  far  the  most  prominent 
factor  in  the  gold  production  of  the  region. 
.  There  are  in  general  two  areas  where  ores  of  this 
character  have  been  discovered.  The  first  is  the 
Homestake  belt ;  the  second,  the  Clover  Leaf,  or 
Uncle  Sam  mine,  at  some  distance  to  the  south- 
east. 

The  Homestake  belt  is  a  term  which  has  been  ap- 
plied to  a  series  of  mines  operated  on  a  great  gold- 
bearing  zone  in  the  metamorphic  schists,  which  is 
located  in  the  vicinity  of  Lead  City.     It  comprises  a 

♦  Trans.  Amer.  Mln.   Congress,  Deadwood,   S.  D.,   Sept.  9,  1903; 
(condensed}. 


188 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


group  of  mines  which  are  known  severally  as  the 
Homestake,  Deadwood-Terra,  Father  De  Smet  and 
Caledonia;  but  as  the  Homestake  Co.  has  exercised 
an  increasingly  important  influence  in  the  manage- 
ment, the  name  has  become  gradually  applied  to  the 
entire  belt.  The  surface  workings  or  open  cuts  from 
which  the  ore  was  first  extracted  in  the  early  days 
of  the  history  of  this  belt,  indicate  in  a  broad,  general 
way  the  location  and  trend  of  the  ore  body  The 
Caledonia  ore  body  is  distinct  from  that  operated  in 
the  other  mines  and  lies  to  the  east  of  it.  The  Home- 
stake  ore  body  is  not  a  true  fissure  vein,  but  is  a 
broad  impregnated  zone  in  the  schists,  which  strikes 
approximately  north  34°  west,  and  is  slightly  at 
variance  with  the  general  direction  of  the  lamination 
of  the  schists.  There  seems  to  be  a  rough  dip  to  the 
east,  but  the  ore  is  so  irregularly  related  to  the 
rocks  in  which  it  occurs  that  the  general  inclination 
can  not  be  given  with  any  degree  of  accuracy.  The 
ore  body  pitches  noticeably  towards  the  south,  so 
that  at  the  southernmost  portion  yet  opened  up  it  is 
much  more  deeplv  buried  than  in  a  northerly  direc- 
tion. Alternating  with  the  lenses  of  ore,  and  almost 
to  the  eastern  side  of  them,  are  many  dikes  of  white, 
fine-grained  rhyolite,  which  have  passed  upward  be- 
tween the  lamination  planes  of  the  schists  and  spread 
out  in  broad  flat  masses  in  the  remnants  of  flat-lying 
Cambrian  strata  which  cap  the  hills  to  the  west, 
north  and  east  of  the  ore  zone.  In  places  most  of 
the  stratified  rock  in  which  these  porphyry  masses 
have  intruded  is  now  eroded,  and  on  the  summits  of 
the  divides  which  separates  the  open  cuts  little  is 
left  but  the  thick  sheets  of  rhyolite.  As  these 
porphyry  bodies  were  followed  downward,  they  be- 
came gradually  smaller  and  fewer  in  number,  the 
eruptive  rock  having  apparently  spread  out  as  it  came 
nearer  to  the  surface  and  formed  branching  masses 
of  a  lenticular  form.  The  first  ore  which  was  mined 
in  the  early  days  formed  irregular  lenticular  masses, 
included  almost  wholly  within  these  dikes  of  por- 
phyry; but,  as  it  was  followed  downward,  it  seemed 
to  diverge  from  the  porphyry  bodies,  and  in  the 
deeper  levels  of  the  mine  is  seemingly  independent  of 
them.  It  is,  however,  an  interesting  fact  that  in  the 
lower  levels  a  mass  of  phonolite  of  a  dark  greenish 
color  has  been  found  closely  associated  with  the  wider 
portions  of  the  ore  zone.  No  exact  foot  wall  or  hang- 
ing wall  to  the  ore  can  be  detected,  because  it  is  in 
many  cases  difficult  to  distinguish  the  mineralized 
material  from  the  barren  country  rock. 

It  seems  probable  that  the  Homestake  lode  was  a 
harder  and  more  resistant  ledge  than  the  surround- 
ing schists  of  the  Aigonkian,  and  that  for  this  reason 
it  constituted  a  reef  in  the  old  Cambrian  seas  before 
the  sedimentary  rocks  above  were  deposited.  That 
it  was  then  mineralized  and  gold-bearing  is  proved  by 
the  presence  of  gold  in  the  lowest  rocks  of  the  sedi- 
mentary series  which  lie  in  the  isolated  patches  about 
the  outcrop  of  the  ore  body. 

The  ores  of  the  Homestake  belt  can  not  be  said 
to  present  any  constant  features  which  serve  to 
distinguish  them  from  the  characteristic  but  barren 
rocks  of  the  Aigonkian  series.  Pyrite  is  by  far 
the  most  invariable  indication  of  mineralization;  but 
it  is  notably  absent  from  much  of  the  ore.  Quartz 
also  occurs  in  a  great  number  of  cases.  Perhaps  the 
most  usual  type  of  ore  would  be  that  consisting 
largely  of  quartz  and  pyrite.  Other  minerals  are 
dolomite,  calcite  and  arsenopyrite;  these  are  also  of 
very  frequent  occurrence,  but  no  decrease  in  the 
values  of  the  ore  can  be  noted  when  they  are  absent. 
Again,  garnet  and  tremolite  appear  in  some  portions 
of  the  ore  in  such  abundance  as  to  constitute  the 
larger  part  of  the  gangue  minerals;  but  the  ore  here 
found  shows  no  variation  in  value  from  that  having  a 
wholly  different  appearance.  When  the  ordinary 
type  of  schist  is  mineralized,  the  ore  closely  resem- 
bles a  schist;  but  when  the  amphibolite  is  mineralized 
it  more  closely  resembles  an  amphibolite.  Thus  it  will 
appear  that,  although  we  find  pyrite,  quartz,  dolo- 
mite, calcite,  arsenopyrite,  tremolite  and  garnet  fre- 
quently constituting,  either  separately  or  in  combina- 
tion, the  gangue  of  the  ore,  no  one  of  these  minerals 
can  be  considered  as  indication  of  the  presence  of 
gold.  In  general,  however,  it  may  be  said  that  the 
ores  occupy  a  zone  in  the  Aigonkian  rocks  which  pre- 
sent a  greater  number  of  secondary  minerals,  a  more 
constant  occurrence  of  sulphides,  quartz,  dolomite, 
calcite  and  arsenopyrite,  and  finally  a  more  advanced 
degree  of  distortion  and  irregularity  of  structure 
than  do  the  barren  areas  of  the  same  formation. 

From  a  careful  study  of  the  ores  and  general 
structure  of  the  Homestake  belt,  it  appears  that, 
first,  there  have  been  several  different  periods  of 
mineralization,  one  at  least  of  which  has  preceded 
the  deposition  of  the  Cambrian  rocks.  This  is  dis- 
tinctly shown  by  the  presence  of  placer  gold  in  the 
lowermost  gravel  beds  of  the  Cambrian.  Second, 
there  have  been  periods  of  mineralization  which  fol- 
lowed the  entire  deposition  of  the  sedimentary  rocks 
later  than  the  intrusion  of  the  dikes  and  bodies  of 
rhyolite.  It  is  probable  that  this  belt  has  been  the 
seat  of  many  fracturings  and  dynamic  movements 
from  the  earliest  geologic  time  until  the  present,  and 
has  constituted  a  line  of  weakness  along  which  min- 
eralizing waters  were  permitted  to  circulate  more 
fi-eely  than  elsewhere.  Impregnation  of  the  country 
rock  at  successive  periods  with  vein  minerals  and 
small  amounts  of  gold  has  thus  given  rise  to  a  work- 
able zone  of  gold-bearing  rock. 


In  the  earlier  days  of  the  mine  the  ore  was  more 
completely  free-milling  and  of  higher  grade  than  that 
now  mined.  It  was  highly  oxidized  and  contained  lit- 
tle or  no  sulphurets.  As  the  workings  penetrated 
deeper  beneath  the  surface,  oxidized  material  gave 
place  gradually  to  sulphides,  and  more  and  more  of 
the  values  in  the  ores  failed  to  yield  to  amalgama- 
tion. For  a  time  the  concentrates  from  the  mine 
were  sold  to  smelting  companies,  but  experimenta- 
tion on  their  treatment  led  to  the  construction  of  a 
cyanide  plant  with  a  view  to  treating  the  more  re- 
fractory portions  of  the  ore. 

Clover  Leaf  Mine. — The  other  mine  which  has 
been  operated  on  Aigonkian  orps  is  known  as  the 
Clover  Leaf  mine  (formerly  the  U  cle  Sam),  not  far 
from  the  station  of  Perry,  on  the  Black  Hills  &  Ft. 
Pierre  Railroad.  Compared  with  the  Homestake 
belt  its  production  is  comparatively  small,  but  it  is  of 
singular  geological  interest.  The  ore  body  is  a  large, 
saddle-shaped  mass  of  quartz,  enclosed  in  the  meta- 
morphic  schists,  with  its  apex  striking  north  64°  west 
and  pitching  to  the  southeast  at  an  angle  of  40°.  The 
horizontal  section  of  the  quartz  body  as  exposed  on 
the  250-foot  level  has  the  appearance  of  the  letter  U 
with  slightly  flaring  arms.  The  northern  arm  strikes 
north  40°  west  and  the  southern  75°  west.  This  quartz 
body  is  thickest  at  the  crest,  and  the  lamination  of 
the  enclosing  schist  is  parallel  to  its  surface,  curving 
around  it  so  as  to  give  to  the  mass  the  appearance  of 
a  folded  lens  at  the  crest  of  a  southeastwardly  pitch- 
ing anticlinal  fold  in  the  Aigonkian  schist.  Both  of 
the  arms  of  this  quartz  mass  when  followed  out  from 
the  apex  become  narrower  than  the  main  body. 
The  northwesterly  has  an  average  width  of  20 
feet,  the  southwesterly  of  about  10  to  12  feet.  The 
gold  is  contained  chiefly  in  the  quartz,  in  which  it 
often  appears  free  and  generally  associated  with 
small  particles  of  galena.  The  quartz  and  the  en- 
compassing schist  are  heavily  impregnated  with 
pyrite  which  at  the  surface  is  completely  oxidized. 
The  ore  is  treated  in  a  stamp  mill  and  amalgamates 
readily. 

Besides  these  gold-bearing  lodes,  there  occur  also 
in  rocks  of  Aigonkian  age  deposits  of  tin,  notably  in 
the  southern  portion  of  the  hills  and  in  the  region  to 
the  west  of  Spearfish  canyon,  known  as  Nigger  Hill. 
The  country  rock  in  which  these  deposits  occur  is  a 
coarse  muscovite  granite,  and  the  cassiterite  is  scat- 
tered through  this  rock  in  irregular  patches,  increas- 
ing and  decreasing  in  amount  with  little  or  no  regu- 
larity. The  cassiterite  occurs  also  in  placers  as 
stream  gravels,  which  have  been  derived  from  the 
disintegration  of  the  country  rock  containing  the  tin. 
The  cassiterite  in  these  gravels  is  but  little  rounded 
and  differs  in  its  black  color  from  the  usual  reddish- 
brown  type  of  stream  tin  so  commonly  found  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  tin- bearing  lodes. 

Prospects  of  copper  have  also  been  found  at  dif- 
ferent places  in  the  schist  areas  of  the  Northern 
Hills,  but  they  have  not  yet  been  of  sufficient  size  or 
regularity  to  attract  attention. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Pyritic  Smelting.* 

NUMBER  II.— CONCLUDED. 

Written  by  Franklin  R.  Carpenter,  Ph.D. 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  smelting  proper  at 
Mount  Lyell  is  accomplished  in  two  steps.  A  low- 
grade  matte  is  made  in  the  first  smelting,  which  is 
enriched  by  a  second  smelting  to  a  grade  high 
enough  for  the  converter.  This  in  a  differently  con- 
structed charge  may  not  be  necessary,  depending 
upon  the  per  cent  of  copper,  degree  of  concentra- 
tion and  the  proportion  of  iron  to  silica.  A  charge 
can  be  made  of  Montana  ores  which  will  not  require 
the  second,  or  concentration  smelting;  but  the  sec- 
ond smelting,  being  relatively  small  compared  with 
the  first,  is  never  a  serious  matter  and  adds  but 
little  to  the  cost. 

I  have  now  sketched  the  two  outside  cases  of 
pyritic  smelting,  both  of  which  are  eminently  suc- 
cessful in  their  respective  fields.  There  are  many 
cases,  however,  which  lie  between  these  extremes, 
as  at  Butte,  Mont.;  in  Gilpin  county,  Colo.;  British 
Columbia  and  elsewhere,  where  the  sulphide  ores 
carry  a  large  percentage  of  silica,  and  are  treated 
by  water  concentration  before  smelting.  This  pre- 
supposes concentration  mills  of  enormous  capacity 
and  roasting  furnaces  for  the  concentrates  so  ob- 
tained, both  of  which  cost  great  sums  of  money,  and 
which  are  at  best  very  wasteful.  By  the  further  ap- 
plication of  the  principles  already  developed  and  the 
utilization  of  the  cheap  fuel  now  wasted,  it  is  barely 
possible  that  the  process  might  be  modified. 

Modern  copper  smelting  methods  have  received 
their  greatest  development  at  Butte,  and  I  will  let 
no  one  go  beyond  me  in  admiration  of  the  great  work 
done  there  and  sincere  respect  for  those  who  have 
accomplished  it.  Their  mills  are  models  of  mechani- 
cal ingenuity  never  surpassed,  and  their  reverbera- 
tory  furnace  work  is  not  elsewhere  equalled.  I  do 
not  lose  sight  of  the  fact  that  these  last  furnaces, 

♦  Trans.  Amer.  Min.  Congress,  Deadwood,  S.D.,  Sept.  9,  1903. 


which  a  few  years  ago,  when  first  introduced  from 
Swansea,  had  a  hearth  capacity  of  but  9  by  14  feet, 
and  a  smelting  capacity  often  as  low  as  ten  tons  per 
day,  requiring  to  be  clayed  up  every  twenty-four 
hours,  have  now  been  developed  into  furnaces  having 
hearths  20  by  50  feet  and  smelting  more  than  100 
tons  each  in  twenty-four  hours,  and  which  require 
claying  not  more  than  once  in  twelve  days;  also  that 
they  save  more  than  50%  of  the  fuel  used  in  the  old 
furnaces.  It  is,  therefore,  with  the  greatest  diffi- 
dence that  I  suggest  that  any  change  is  possible  in 
the  methods  of  a  camp  which  is  to-day  without  a  peer 
in  the  world  for  the  excellency  of  its  work  —  but  let 
us  not  forget  history:  "The  old  order  changeth, 
giving  place  to  new." 

Seemingly  small  things  in  metallurgy  have  often 
accomplished  the  greatest  results. 

A  few  years  ago  there  was  still  running  in  Savoy 
a  small  iron  blast  furnace  blown  by  a  trompe,  or  box, 
in  which  falling  water  compressed  air  by  entangling 
it  in  its  fall — a  blower  which  we  may  readily  imagine 
neither  heated  the  air  nor  dried  it,  yet  the  addition 
of  this  blowing  machine,  crude  as  it  was,  made  the 
instrument  which  put  out  of  blast  all  the  Catalan 
direct  furnaces  in  every  part  of  the  world.  Without 
the  trompe  the  blast  furnace  for  iron  would  probably 
not  lave  existed,  and  without  pig  iron  all  that  is 
known  to  us  now  as  the  "age  of  steel"  could  not 
have  existed. 

Already  three-fourths  of  the  beautiful  ancient 
Welsh  copper  process,  with  its  roastings  and  re- 
smeltings,  to  which  the  reverberatory  furnace  be- 
longed, has  gone  by  never  to  return,  the  one  opera- 
tion of  converting  having  replaced  them  all. 

I  believe  that  when  Hollway  undertook  to  smelt 
the  Rio  Tinto  copper  ores  without  fuel  other  than 
what  they  themselves  contained,  he  laid  down  a 
principle  which  will  ultimately  make  every  copper 
roasting  heap  and  roasting  furnace  as  useless  as  the 
Catalan  forge,  and  the  time  is  near  at  hand  when  one 
would  no  sooner  waste  his  good  iron  sulphide  fuel 
than  he  would  his  good  coke.  Already  more  ore  is 
smelted  raw  at  Butte  than  formerly.  The  first-class 
copper  ore  and  the  coarse  concentrates  go  into  the 
blast  furnace  raw,  a  tribute,  as  far  as  it  goes,  to 
pyritic  smelting.  But  if  the  principles  here  main- 
tained are  correct,  the  large  concentrating  mills  and 
roasting  furnaces  will  gradually  be  replaced  by  a 
process  that  is  all  one  of  fire,  and  that  fire  largely 
deriyed  from  the  oxidation  of  the  now  wasted  pyrite. 

I  have  done  what  I  could  to  secure  the  actual  com- 
position and  cost  of  treating  an  average  ton  of  Butte 
ore,  as  it  is  broken  at  the  mines,  that  I  might  make 
a  comparison  between  the  all-fire  raw  method  here 
advocated  and  the  combination  water  concentration 
smelting  method  now  employed. 

The  following  may  not  be  absolutely  correct,  but  it 
will  do  for  comparison.  The  ores  of  this  district,  ac- 
cording to  a  recent  paper,  are  mined  in  two  classes. 
The  first  are  said  to  average  from  10%  to  15%  cop- 
per, and  to  constitute  10%  of  the  ores  raised.  The 
second  class  comprises  the  remaining  90%,  and  yields 
from  3%  to  6%  copper.  If  all  were  broken  down  to- 
gether we  may  take  5%  as  the  average,  and  30%  to 
40%  silica,  with  the  alumina,  alkalies,  sulphur  and 
iron  to  balance. 

I  have  arrived  at  the  present  cost  per  ton  of  ore 
from  the  testimony  of  Frank  Klepetko  in  March,  189? : 

Dressing  (or  water  concentration),  per  ton  of  ore ...  $0 .  82 
Roasting  concentrates  derived  from  a  ton  of  ore. . . .  0.38 
Smelting  calcines  derived  from  a  ton  of  ore 1 . 20 

Total  per  ton  of  original  ore $2 .  40 

In  the  water  concentration  he  stated  the  loss  to  be.  18.0% 

In  the  roaBting 2.6% 

In  the  smelting 4.2% 

Total 24.8% 

With  copper  at  14  cents  per  pound  this  is  worth 
$3.47,  making  the  total  cost,  including  losses,  $5.87 
per  ton  of  original  ore. 

If  this  ore  were  smelted  direct  as  it  comes  from 
the  mines,  without  concentrating  or  roastiDg,  by  the 
addition  of  limestone  and  coke  and  the  application  of 
hot  blast,  it  would  cost  fully  as  much  per  ton  of  ore, 
perhaps  more;  but  I  am  sure  that  $3  per  ton  will 
cover  it.  This  is  more  per  ton,  but  I  estimate  a 
greater  saving.  According  to  the  above  statement, 
there  was  lost,  in  the  concentrating,  roasting  and 
'smelting,  24.8%  of  the  original  contents  of  the  ore  by 
the  time  the  copper  was  raised  to  a  grade  sufficiently 
high  for  the  converters — against  which  I  figure  but 
9%  in  direct  smelting,  leaving  a  difference  of  $3  47 
minus  $1.26,  equal  to  $2.21  gain  per  ton.  As  this 
gain  is  wholly  in  the  copper,  it  adds  a  proportional 
length  of  life  to  the  mines.  If,  however,  the  one 
smelting  cannot  be  done  for  the  cost  of  concentra- 
ting, roasting  and  smelting,  this  gain  would  be  re- 
duced by  the  difference.  If  the  first  smelting  cost 
$3,  which  I  am  sure  is  ample,  we  should  still  have  a 
gain  of  $1.60  in  favor  of  raw  smelting,  always  sup- 
posing these  figures  to  be  correct. 

In  our  prejudice  for  the  established  methods,  it  will 
be  well  to  remember  a  story  told  by  a  traveler  from 
the  Sahara  desert.  He  came  across  a  party  of 
Arabs  making  iron,  doubtless  after  a  manner  dating 
from  the  days  of  Abraham.  The  furnace  consisted  of 
a  hole  in  the  ground,  around  which  were  three  blow- 
ing engines,  each  consisting  of  an  Arab  with  a  long 
tube,  one  end  of  which  was  in  his  mouth  and  the  other 


September  19,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


189 


in  the  furnace.  After  blowing,  from  six  to  eight 
pounds  of  iron  per  shift  was  obtained. 

Our  traveler  was  much  impressed,  but  inquired  of 
the  boss  metallurgist:  "  Why  do  you  use  this  method 
of  making  iron  ?"  He  received  a  look  of  withering 
scorn  and  the  reply,  "  What  other  method  can  there 
be  ?  Neither  our  fathers  nor  ourselves  ever  heard  of 
any  other." 

Because  our  fathers  and  ourselves  have  always 
burned  our  iron  and  sulphur  outside  of  the  furnace  is 
no  good  reason  for  continuing  it. 


PATENTS  ISSUED  SEPTEMBER  8    1903 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  Cor  the  MINING   AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Winona,  Minn. 


In  grinding  mill,  combination,  with  lower  hopper 
section  21  having  flange  24,  of  hopper  base  having 
lateral  flange  resting  upon  flange  24  and  downwardly 
projecting  flange  fitting  within  hopper  section  21, 
and  movable  lugs  or  ears  mounted  on  flange  24  and 
adapted  to  overlap  lateral  flange  and  prevent  verti- 
cal movement  of  hopper  base  while  permitting  rota- 
tion or  ready  detachment. 

Ore  Sizer  or  Classifier.— No.  738,743;  W.  B. 
Gilmore,  Idaho  Springs,  Colo. 


In  sizing  or  settling  apparatus,  combination  of  two 
conical  tanks,  each  having  outlet  for  discharge  of 
solid  particles  and  distinct  outlet  for  discharge  of 
liquid,  float  located  in  each  tank,  flexible  conduit 
connected  with  float  at  one  extremity  and  with 
liquid  outlet  at  opposite  extremity,  extremity  of 
flexible  conduit  connected  with  float,  being  provided 
with  collapsible  hood,  vertically  movable  spring-sup- 
ported receptacle  mounted  on  each  float,  lever  con- 
necting said  receptacle  with  hood  whereby  latter  is 
raised  or  lowered  to  bring  hood  above  or  below  liquid 
level,  receptacle  having  outlet  to  tank,  pulp  supply 
tank  mounted  above  settling  tanks  and  provided  with 
outlets  adapted  to  discharge  pulp  into  receptacles  26 
faster  than  it  escapes  from  outlets  of  receptacles, 
tubular  lever  fulcrumed  on  supply  tank  and  containing 
mercury,  valve  connected  with  each  extremity  of 
lever,  auxiliary  lever  also  fulcrumed  on  supply  tank 


and  connected  with  each  arm  of  tubular  lever  at  one 
extremity,  depending  rod  connected  with  each  auxili- 
ary lever  at  opposite  extremity,  said  rod  lying  in 
path  of  float  of  settling  tank  when  latter  has  reached 
predetermined  elevation,  arrangement  being  such 
that  as  either  float  engages  rod  valve  above  tank 
containing  actuating  float  will  be  closed  to  cut  off  sup- 
ply of  pulp  to  that  tank,  the  other  valve  opened  to 
permit  pulp  to  pass  to  opposite  tank. 

Apparatus  for  Extraction  of  Precious  Metals 
from  tiieir  Ores.— No.  738,148;  J.  B.  de  Alzugaray 
and  W.  A.  Mercer,  London,  England. 


Apparatus  for  treating  ores,  consisting  of  closed 
containing  vessel  provided  with  fixed  internal  blades, 
rotating  hollow  spindle  provided  with  ball  bearings 
having  hollow  blades  or  beaters  set  at  angle,  means  for 
raising  and  lowering  spindle  in  vat,  gearing  for  rotat- 
ing spindle,  and  means  connected  with  vat  for  sup- 
porting gearing  and  steadying  spindle. 


Valve  Mechanism  for  Bock  Drills  - 
T.  Officer,  Claremont,  N.  H. 


-No  738,229; 


Valve  mechanism  containing  pressure-actuated 
valve,  chamber  for  each  end  thereof,  means  to  admit 
actuating  pressure  to  chambers  from  cylinder  to  re- 
verse valve,  means  to  admit  locking  pressure  also  to 
chambers  from  source  independent  of  cylinder,  and 
means  to  vent  both  chambers  with  valve  in  each  of 
its  extreme  positions. 

Device  for  Treating  Slimes.— No.  738,329  ;  W.  E. 
Holderman,  Marysvale,  Utah. 


v£?> 


In  device  for  treating  slimes  having  liquid  tight 
case,  discharge  pipe  provided  with  valve  in  bottom, 
inclined  floor  in  case,  spaced  bars  on  floor  and  sides 
of  case,  filtering  fabric  covering  bars  and  overlap- 
ping upper  edge  of  tank,  molding  to  hold  fabric  in 
operative  position  and  pipes  provided  with  stoppers  I 


leading  from  filter  out  through  case,  tanks  arranged 
in  stair-like  co-operative  relation,  pipes  leading  from 
bottom  of  each  tank,  conduit  E  to  receive  discharge 
from  pipes,  reservoir  into  which  conduit  discharges, 
and  pipes  in  each  tank  provided  with  stoppers  dis- 
charging from  filters  through  outer  case  into  tank 
next  below  it,  pipes  from  lowest  tank  discharging 
into  waste  trough. 

Automatic  Bucket  Loader  for  Aerial  Wire 
Eope  Tramways.— No.  738,309;  C.  T.  Finlayson, 
Denver,  Colo. 


In  automatic  bucket  loader  for  wire  rope  tram- 
ways, combination  with  terminals  and  continuously 
running  pendant  buckets  of  operative  tramway,  of 
loading  station,  bucket  loading  hopper  mounted  on 
tracks  at  station,  arm  slidably  mounted  on  hopper, 
spring  between  arm  and  hopper  and  projection  on 
pendant  of  bucket  adapted  to  strike  arm  and  to  move 
hopper  through  medium  of  spring,  predetermined 
distance  on  tracks,  means  for  returning  hopper  to 
loading  station  and  means  for  discharging  contents  of 
hopper  into  bucket. 


Gold  Saving  Device.- 
yon,  Olympia,  Wash. 


-No.  738,291;    P.   H.  Carl- 


In  combination  with  closed  vessel  having  rounded 
bottom,  inlet  pipe  extending  into  vessel  and  discharg- 
ing against  bottom  to  one  side  of  center  thereof, 
screens  horizontally  suspended  within  vessel  and 
stopping  short  of  sides  thereof;  and  exit  pipe  ex- 
tending from  cover  of  vessel  at  point  therein  where 
material  passing  through  vessel  is  relatively  quies- 
cent.   - 

Concentrator  Table.— No.  738,493;  R.  Schraub- 
stadter,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Concentrator  table,  having  concentrating  surface 
in  form  of  hyperbolic  paraboloid,  provided  with  riffles 
which  have  form  of  parabolas,  and  means  for  recip- 
rocating table. 


190 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19, 1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  yearly  report  of  the  output  of  gold 
and  silver,  being  prepared  in  the  office  of 
the  director  of  the  mint  at  Washington, 
shows  a  slight  decrease  in  the  amount  of 
gold  mined  during  the  past  year  and  a 
falling  off  in  silver.  AlaBka  increased  her 
yield  last  year  by  $2,000,000. 

The  figures  for  the  eight  leading  States 
and  Territories  are  as  follows: 

Gold.  *Silver. 

Colorado $28, 468, 700    $  8. 308. 280 

California 16  792.100  477,424 

Montana 4.373  600        7.019  214 

Utah 3,694  500        5,740,891 

Alaska 8  345  800  48.760 

South  Dakota 6. 965, 400  1 80, 306 

Nevada 2,895,300        1,985,486 

Idaho 1,475,000        3,103,044 

United  States 80,000,000      29,415,000 

♦Commercial  value. 

Silver, 
by  Ounces. 

Colorado 15,676. 000 

California 900,800 

Montana 13, 243  800 

Utah  10, 831 .  700 

Alaska 92,000 

South  Dakota 340  200 

Nevada 3. 746  200 

Idaho 5,854,800 

United  States 55,500,000 

In  the  above  table  the  total  value  of 
production  for  all  the  States  and  Terri- 
tories outside  of  those  individually  men- 
tioned are  shown  under  the  caption  of 
United  States. 

ALASKA. 

R.  T.  Lamb,  president  of  the  Helvetia 
M.  Co  ,  operating  at  Windham  Bay,  says 
he  is  preparing  to  put  in  an  air  com- 
pressor and  other  machinery.  The  com- 
pany expects  to  work  during  the  winter. 

A  1-foot  ledge,  carrying  free  gold,  is  re- 
ported located  in  Yankee  Basin  section, 
near  Juneau,  by  P.  Bach,  P.  Early,  M. 
Kelly,  T.  Smith  and  B.  R.  Shepard. 

The  discovery  of  placer  gold  on  Lowe 
river,  20  miles  from  Valdez,  is  confirmed, 
says  the  Valdez  Prospector.  So  far  as 
the  work  has  gone,  the  gravel  Bhows  yield 
of  75  cents  per  cubic  yard,  being  mostly 
coarse  gold.  There  are  950  acres,  with 
gravel  from  4  to  30  feet  deep. 

The  Alaska  Juneau  mines,  in  Silverbow 
Basin,  near  Juneau,  were  closed  down  on 
the  2nd  inst.  for  want  of  water. 

Nome  reports  say:  A  beach  strike  has 
been  made  on  Kadiak  island.  Three  men 
in  ten  days  took  out  $1300  The  gold 
bearing  beach  sands  are  said  to  cover  a 
considerable  stretch  of  coast,  but  the  best 
diggings  have  been  found  near  the  mouth 
of  Bed  river  and  near  Cape  Karluk. 

ARIZONA. 

GILA  COUNTY. 

At  the  Old  Dominion  C.  Co.  works  at 
Globe,  the  work  of  putting  in  the  con- 
verter and  other  machinery  is  progressing. 
No.  1  and  No.  3  furnaces  are  in  operation, 
and  No.  2  is  being  repaired.  Arrivals  of 
coke  continue.  Construction  of  the  con- 
centrator building  has  begun.  The  elec- 
tric light  system  is  proving  satisfactory, 
sayB  Superintendent  P.  W.  Hoar. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 

In  the  east  drift  from  the  Sapphire 
shaft  of  the  Coronado  mine,  near  Clifton, 
30  feet  of  sulphide  ore  is  reported  struck. 
Bucket  samples  from  the  face  show  11. 5% 
copper. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Arizona 
M.  &  Dev.  Co.  has  bought  the  Byland 
mine  in  Vulture  district,  3  miles  west  of 
Morristown.  They  will  put  men  to  work 
next  week  on  thiB  property,  which  has 
been  a  producer  in  the  past. 

R.  E.  Humphhries  is  working  men  on 
his  properties  near  Morristown G.  Car- 
guile  expects  to  start  development  work 
on  his  claims  in  Cave  Creek  district  next 
week. 

Wickenburg,  Sept.  15. 

The  smelter  at  Wickenburg  started  last 

week. P.   X.   O'Brien   bas  thirty  men 

at  work  on  his  mine  near  Wickenburg. 
MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Mohave 
G.  M.  Co.  ol  Arizona  has  a  tunnel  prop- 
erty, developed  by  five  tunnels,  giving  in 
all  600  feet  of  backs.  The  average  thick- 
ness of  vein  is  10  feet.  Stoping  operations 
are  in  progress.  Ore  is  being  stored  at 
the  mine  ready  for  shipment  to  the  mill 
as  soon  as  the  railroad  connecting  the 
mine  and  mill  is  completed.  There  is  a 
40-stamp  mill  recently  completed  10  mlleB 
from  the  mine,  so  placed  because  of  the 
necessity  of  obtaining  sufficient  water.  It 
will  require  several  weeks  to  finish  the 
railroad  and  ore  will  then  be  milled.    The 


railroad  has  already  been  extended  to  the 
river  at  Needles,  7  miles  beyond  the  mill. 

NeedloB,  Sept.  8. 

The  Hilty  group,  the  Ben  Harrison  and 
Tom  Reed  claims,  have  been  bonded  to 
D.  McParland  and  work  will  be  started 
nrxb  week.  The  mines  are  in  San  Fran- 
cisco district,  near  Kingman,  and  have 
been  opened  by  shaft. 

It  is  reported  the  Earl  mine  at  Stock- 
ton Hill,  near  Cerbat,  will  be  started  up. 

Work  on  two  shafts  of  the  Mother  Lode 
mine,  near  Chloride,  has  been  begun  by 
the  P.  &  A  Co.  One  of  the  shafts  is  be- 
ing sunk  by  contract  from  the  70-foot  to 
the  100-  foot  level,  while  the  company  is 
driving  the  other.  W.  Miller  is  superin- 
tendent. 

PIMA  COUNTY. 

The  Twin  Buttes  M.  &  S.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  by  J.  C.  Baxter,  J.  Ellis  and 
M.  Irish  at  Tucson,  to  operate  the  Twin 
Buttes  group,  35  miles  south  of  Tucson, 
in  the  Sierritas  mountains.  The  group 
comprises  nineteen  claims. 

YAVAPAI    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — Superinten- 
dent J.  Gray,  of  the  Poland  Extension 
mine,  in  Big  Bug  district,  12  miles  east  of 
Prescott,  has  been  doing  some  prospect- 
ing, following  a  fissure  which  faulted  the 
main  vein  and  has  struck  a  body  of  man- 
ganese ore  running  160  ounces  silver.  A 
few  men  are  returning  to  work,  and  indi- 
cations are  that  the  strike  will  soon  be  a 
thing  of  the  past.  Mr.  Pickerell  is  work- 
ing the  Rockefeller  and  President  claims 
in  this  district  and  has  high-grade  ore  in 
the  bottom  of  the  Rockefeller  shaft,  down 
780  feet.  J.  Lawler  has  struck  a  large 
body  of  sulphide  ore  in  winzes  sunk  below 
the  lowest  level  of  the  Hillside  mine,  50 
miles  west  of  Prescott. 

Prescott,  Sept.  16. 

It  is  reported  J.  Hanlon  of  Des  Moines, 
Iowa,  has  bonded  the  Weaver  &  Hen- 
derson group  of  six  gold  claims  in  the 
Hillside  section  for  $20,000.  Development 
work  will  start  next  week. 

Manager  Monroe,  of  the  Verde  Chief  C. 
Co.,  near  Jerome,  says  development  work 
will  be  resumed  this  week  and  sinking  a 
winze  from  the  long  tunnel  started. 

E.  S.  Campbell  of  Prescott  reports  hav- 
ing bought  the  Hidden  Tr.  asure  mine,  in 
Black  Canyon  district,  near  Prescott,  for 
$16,000,  for  Canton  and  Massillon,  Ohio, 
men.  Campbell  has  started  preparations 
to  build  a  mill. 

The  steam  stamp  of  the  Ideal  M.  Co.'s 
mill  at  Groom  creek  was  put  in  operation 
last  week.  The  main  shaft  on  thiB  prop- 
erty is  down  195  feet,  says  Foreman  P. 
Fitzgerald. 

ARKANSAS. 

BOONE  COUNTY. 

After  a  short  lay-off,  during  which  the 
company  has  rounded  up  its  expenditure, 
including  the  mill,  of  $15,000,  work  has 
been  resumed  at  the  Dyson  mine,  at  Har- 
rison. 

MARION  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Mc- 
intosh Co.  is  preparing  to  start  its  mill. 

The  White  Eagle  mill  is  shut  down 

temporarily,  owing  to  an  accident  to  the 

engine. Workmen    are    quarrying    at 

the  Silver  Hollow  mine  for  location  of  the 
mill.    The  development  work  shows  good 

zinc  values. The  Buffalo    &  Yellville 

Railway — a  Mo.  Pac  -Iron  Mt.  branch- 
has  filed  the  survey  of  Its  proposed  line 
which  will  run  from  Buffalo  to  a  connec- 
tion of  the  White  River  division  of  the 
Iron  Mt.  Railway,  near  Yellville.  This 
road  will  give  the  Rush  and  Clabber 
Creek  and  Buffalo  River  districts  con- 
venient railroad  facilities. 

The  Morning  Star  mill  is  in  operation, 
turning  out  from  five  to  Beven  tons  of 
concentrates  on  a  ten-hour  run.  Ar- 
rangements are  under  way  to  increase  the 
capacity  from  a  50-ton  to  a  125-ton  plant 
and  work  a  double  shift.  Engineers  have 
been  on  the  ground  investigating  a  water- 
power  proposition  in  this  county  along 
the  Buffalo  river.  At  their  prospective 
location  it  will  necessitate  the  cutting  of  a 
2000-foot  tunnel  which  will  give  a  head  of 
46  feet.  It  is  thought  an  electric  plant 
will  be  installed  which  would  be  able  to 
furnish  power  cheaply  to  the  mines. 

Yellville,  Sept.  13. 

Forty-eight  feet  of  zinc  ore  is  reported 
shown  by  diamond  drill  boring  on  Jim- 
mies creek,  near  Yellville. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — A  new  shoot 
of  ore  is  reported  on  the  2100  level  of  the 
Oneida  mine,  near  Jackson,  in  a  crosscut 
run  east  from  the  shaft.  The  vein  has 
been  drifted  a  distance  of  70  feet  and  is  8 
feet  wide,  running  $10  per  ton.  The 
Oneida  is  worked  through  a  vertical 
shaft,  sunk  at  the  surface  in  the  hanging 
wall  country  rock.  The  vein,  which  dips 
easterly,  passes  through  the  shaft  at  the 


1900-foot  level  and  Is  now  east  of  the 
shaft. 

Jackson,  Cal  ,  Sept.  15. 

Some  work  is  being  done  at  the  Shen- 
andoah mine,  near  Plymouth,  and  it  is 
reported  Binking  will  be  resumed,  says  the 
Dispatch. 

C.  LesBley  has  a  bond  for  two  years  on 
the  Madrone  mine,  near  Pioneer.  He  is 
making  a  test  crushing  of  rock. 

At  the  Kennedy  mine,  at  Jackson,  the 
hoist  is  expected  to  be  in  operation  next 
week.  The  addition  of  twenty  stamps  to 
the  mill  is  going  ahead,  which  will  make 
sixty  stamps  at  the  new  mill  and  forty 
stamps  at  the  old  works.  The  cement 
foundations  are  finished  and  the  mortars 
are  on  the  ground. 

CALAVERAS    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Sheep 
Ranch  mine  and  mill  at  Sheep  Ranch,  8 
miles  north  of  Murphys,  are  closed  down 
and  only  a  watchman  and  pumpman  are 
at  work.  It  is  expected  the  shut  down 
will  only  be  temporary,  sayB  Superintend- 
ent Anderson. 

W.  H.  Clarey  is  developing  a  gold-bear- 
ing quartz  property  near  Murphys. 

Murphys,  Sept.  16. 

There  are  100  men  at  work  at  the 
Campo  Seco  copper  mine  at  Campo  Seco, 
says  the  Citizen,  and  operations  are  pro- 
gressing. The  ore  carries  6%  copper, 
which  is  smelted  up  to  60%  matte.  The 
new  working  shaft  Ib  down  210  feet. 

Progress  is  reported  from  the  Bluejay 
mine,  2J  miles  southeast  of  Mokelumne 
Hill,  and  the  tunnel  is  in  645  feet. 

At  the  Jones  gravel  mine  at  Railroad 
Flat,  being  operated  by  Seeman  Bros., 
the  tunnel  has  reached  a  depth  of  75  feet, 
and  is  in  3  feet  of  gravel,  the  bottom  of 
the  channel  having  been  reached,  says  the 
Calaveras  Chronicle.  Driving  the  tunnel 
ahead  and  breasting  are  in  progress.    The 

gravel  is  worked  by  sluicing. The  Bolre 

gravel  mine,  on  same  channel,  reports 
operations  satisfactory.  The  gravel  In 
this  mine  is  cemented  and  requires  mill- 
ing.  The  Miller  gravel  mine  has  men 

at  work  tunneling,  retimbering  and  get- 
ting ready,  and  otherwise  fixing  up  the 
property  to  increase  operations. 

F.  O.  Cortmarsh,  manager  of  the  Blue 
Jay  mine,  near  Mokelumne  Hill,  reports 
steady  progress  at  the  mine,  with  the  tun- 
nel in  625  feet. 

The  Crystal  mine  at  Angels,  under  Su- 
perintendent W.  Morehead,  is  being  pre- 
pared for  mining  operations.  The  work 
in  the  shaft  and  at  the  stations  is  pro- 
gressing, says  the  Echo. 

DEL  NORTE  COUNTY. 
R.  Wensch,  in  the  French  Hill  section 
near  Crescent  City,  Bays  he  is  opening  up 
a  ledge  of  zinc  ore  120  feet  wide.  The 
shaft  is  60  feet  deep.  A  crosscut  Ib  being 
run,  and  in  a  distance  of  75  feet,  25  feet 
has  been  cut  through  the  ledge.  Assays 
show  a  workable  percentage  of  zinc. 

FRESNO  COUNTY. 

The  Maine  State  Oil  Co.  at  Coallnga  has 
drilling  under  way  on  its  No.  6  well.  They 
expect  to  drill  several  other  wells  on  the 
east  side  of  its  lease. 

The  well  of  the  New  San  Francisco 
Crude  Oil  Co.  that  was  brought  in  last 
month  and  reported  to  be  pumping  150 
barrels  per  day  has  been  packed,  which 
caused  the  well  to  flow  at  the  rate  of  300 
barrels  per  day. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

The  Johannesburg  Gold  Mines  Co. 
state:  "  Had  it  not  been  for  the  unforeseen 
interruption  to  our  business,  doubtless  the 
energetic  work  we  planned  would  have 
resulted  in  getting  the  property  on  a  divi- 
dend basis  this  fall.  The  installation  of 
our  mill  and  our  entire  investment  is  at  a 
standstill  solely  on  account  of  existing 
labor  troubles.  We  are  surprised  at  any 
suggestion  of  dividends  by  this  company 
from  stock  sales.  Our  business  has  not 
been  conducted  in  a  manner  to  warrant 
any  such  Insinuation." 

The  Pyramid  mine  Is  being  developed 
by  the  Verification  &  Development  Co.,  4 
miles  south  of  Randsburg. 

The  strike  situation  at  Randsburg  re- 
mains quiet,  and  Superintendent  Barton 
of  the  Yellow  Aster  M.  Co.  says  he  has 
seventy  men  at  work. 

MARIPOSA  COUNTY. 

T.  B.  Stribbling  and  M.  Marten  report 
striking  ore  at  Granite  Springs,  near 
Mariposa.  The  body  of  ore  essays  $25  In 
free  gold.  At  one  time  there  were  two 
quartz  mills  in  that  section. 
MONO   COUNTY. 

Near  Lundy,  the  mill  being  built  in 
Waason  canyon  by  Brown  &  Co.  is  about 
finished  and  crushing  will  begin  on  the 
Price  ore  next  week,  says  the  Bridgeport 
Union. 

Aggler  &  Carmichael  are  taking  out  ore 
at  the  Wolverine  mine,  near  Lundy. 
NEVADA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —J.  Bryson  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  has  bonded  the  Yuba 


mine,  6  miles  from  Washington  on  the 
Yuba  river,  and  has  gone  to  the  mine  to 
make  a  survey  for  an  aerial  tramway 
from  the  mill  to  the  mine. 

Nevada  City,  Sept.  17. 

The  Champion  mines  at  Nevada  City 
suspended  operations  this  week  and  100 
men  are  out.  It  Is  stated  the  closedown 
Is  only  temporary.  In  the  meantime  the 
pumps  will  keep  the  mine  clear  of  water 
and  the  drifts  and  stopes  will  be  kept 
open. 

At  Canada  Hill,  near  Nevada  City, 
Superintendent  A.  Charranat  of  the  Ban- 
ner Hill  G.  M.  Co.  of  San  Francisco  says 
work  is  progressing  on  the  tunnel  to  tap 
the  gravel  channel  that  comes  down  from 
Quaker  Hill  and  has  its  outlet  near  Can- 
ada Hill.  It  is  in  400  feet  through  soft 
blasting  ground,  and  is  expected  to  reach 
the  channel  within  200  feet  more.  The 
company  controls  all  of  the  channel  from 
the  breakout  to  Quaker  Hill,  giving  It  an 
area  of  1400  acres. 

At  the  Murchie  mine,  near  Nevada 
City,  work  will  start  this  week  on  building 
a  mill,  says  Manager  Maltman.  It  will 
have  nine  stamps. 

The  South  Idaho  D.  Co.,  near  Grass 
Valley,  has  bought  the  Gambler  (formerly 
the  Stewart  Parnell)  claim,  says  Superin- 
tendent Carter.  It  adjoins  the  South 
Idaho. 

The  mill  of  the  New  York-Grass  Valley 
mine,  near  Grass  Valley,  was  put  In  oper- 
ation last  week,  says  Manager  G.  W. 
Root. 

The  Houston  Hill  works,  owned  by  the 
Orleans  M.  Co.,  near  Grass  Valley,  has 
been  drained  and  development  work  will 
be  resumed. 

The  New  Eureka  G  M.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  at  Nevada  City,  with  J.  Rob- 
erts, F.  Tredinnlck,  J  Foss,  A.  Martin 
and  J.  Rosewall,  all  of  whom  reside  In  Ne- 
vada City,  as  directors.  They  will  work  a 
group  at  Canada  Hill. 

C.  L.  Ellingwood  of  the  WeBtern  Ex- 
ploration Co.  says  they  propose  to  reopen 
the  Red  Cross  mine  at  Washington,  near 
Omega,  by  means  of  a  new  tunnel  that 
will  start  at  the  river. 

T.  F.  McAvoy  of  San  Francisco  is  ar- 
ranging to  reopen  the  Standard  mine,  ad- 
joining the  Jenny  Lind  mine,  near  Grass 
Valley. 

A.  L.  &  G.  A.  Biglow  of  North  Colum- 
bia have  started  work  at  the  Uncle  Sam 
mine  at  Badger  Hill  and  will  build  a  mill 
on  It. 

PLACER  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Zuber 
bond  on  the  Mike  Cochran  claim  on  Long 
canyon,  southeast  of  Michigan  Bluff, 
having  expired  on  Sept.  1,  Cochran  Is 
making  preparation  to  work  same  him- 
self.     This  is    a   gravel    claim. The 

Ralston  Divide  Co ,  owned  by  French 
capital,  Is  Idle.  A  great  deal  of  money 
has  been  spent  there. 

Auburn,  Sept.  16. 

The  Haskell  (Gaylord)  gravel  mine,  near 
Auburn,  resumed  last  week,  and  has 
thirty-five  men  at  work,  says  E.  C.  Gay- 
lord,  superintendent. 

The  Bald  Mountain  Gravel  M.  Co.  has 
started  a  tunnel  from  the  bottom  of  Deep 
canyon,  200  feet  lower  than  the  present 
tunnel  and  using  machine  drills.  Super- 
intendent F.  Veizke  has  fifteen  men  at 
work. 

The  California  M.  Co.  has  put  In  a  10- 
stamp  mill  at  the  ledge,  on  their  property 
at  Shady  Run.  The  main  tunnel  is  in 
1400  feet,  and  a  number  of  crosscuts  have 
been  made,  opening  up  the  ore  body.  This 
ledge  is  within  the  holdings  of  the  Cedar 
Creek  gravel  mine,  owned  and  operated 
by  the  same  company. 

PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

F.,  W.  and  C.  Droege  of  Covington,  Ky., 
have  taken  over  the  Johnny  Bull  group 
of  mines  in  North  canyon,  near  Greenville, 
which  they  have  been  working  under 
bond,  for  $25,000.  They  have  bought  also 
the  Interest  of  F.  W.  Day,  who  retains 
the  cyanide  plant  half  a  mile  below  the 
mine.  Day  proposes  using  it  in  connection 
with  another  property  in  that  section. 
The  Droege  Bros,  will  increase  develop- 
ment work  on  the  group,  and  It  is  ex- 
pected a  milling  plant  will  be  built  next 
spring. 

SAN  BERNARDINO  COUNTY. 

Manager  Belcher,  at  Empire  Flats,  near 
Needles,  says  he  has  started  work  on  his 
Bolivia  mine,  adjoining  the  Empire  group, 
reports  the  Needles  Eye. 

The  Providence  Gold  Syndicate,  under 
Superintendent  Northup,  started  drop- 
ping the  stamps  in  their  mill  last  week. 

SAN  DIEGO   COUNTY. 

The  Cleveland  and  PIttBburg  mines, 
near  Escondido  and  half  a  mile  from  the 
Oro  Fino  mine,  are  being  developed  by  an 
Eastern  company,  and  work  has  been 
started  to  sink  a  shaft  on  the  Cleveland  to 
depth  of  500  feet. 

Work  Is  reported  progressing  In  the 
copper  mine,  near  Ollvenhain,  and  it  is 
the  intention  of  the  company  to  build  a 


September  19,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


191 


railroad  from  the  mine  to  Encinltas  sta- 
tion, a  distance  of  7  miles. 

The  Chula  Vista  OH  Co.,  near  Cbula 
Vista,  are  making  arrangements  to  drill  a 
1500-foot  well  ou  one  of  their  claims,  says 
the  Julian  Miner. 

The  Oro  Blanco  M.  Co.  at  Banner  will 
resume  work  on  the  Oro  Blanco  tunnel 
which  is  to  tap  the  Kentuck  S.  and  Cin- 
cinnati Belle  mines,  says  L.  N.  Bally, 
president  of  the  Oro  Blanco  M.  Co. 

SHASTA    COUNTY. 

At  the  Balaklala  mine  on  Squaw  creek, 
near  Kennet,  development  work  is  pro- 
gressing and  seventy-five  men  are  at  work. 
Five  machine  drills  are  running  In  the 
lower  levels,  drifts  and  raises  are  being 
run  and  the  ore  is  being  blocked  out  in 
blocks  of  100  feet  square. 

An  air  compressor  and  a  5-8tamp  quartz 
mill  are  on  the  ground  for  the  Shasta 
May  Blossom  M.  Co.,  near  De  Lamar, 
says  Manager  M.  Llndley;  also  a  hori- 
zontal steam  engine. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Twenty  men  are  at  work  reopening  the 
Keystone  mine  at  Sierra  City.  Drifting 
for  the  sboot  Is  in  progress. 

Melklejobn  &  Stevens  have  ten  men  at 
work  on  iheir  cyanide  plant,  working  the 
tailings  from  the  Young  America  mine, 

near    Sierra    City. At    the    Cleveland 

mine,  above  Sierra  City,  an  ore  shoot  is 
being  opened  up  and  a  raise  driven.  Five 
men  are  at  work  and  the  10-stamp  mill 
will  be  started. 

The  Poker  Flat  M.  Co.  at  Its  annual 
meeting  last  week  decided  to  increase  the 
plant  to  100  tons  daily  capacity  and  to 
build  a  50-ton  reduction  works.  J.  B 
Lassiat  is  manager  and  superintendent. 

The  Forest  City  M.  Co.  reports  work 
progressing  at  the  Mabel  Mextz  mine, 
near  Downievllle,  and  the  tunnel  will  be 
extended.  Superintendent  H.  B.  McCor- 
mlck  has  six  men  at  work. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 
M.  Manley  has  an  option  of  purchase 
on  the  Gold  Dollar  group  of  mines  on 
Canyon  Creek,  6  miles  above  Junction 
City.  The  group  contains  190  acres  of 
auriferous  gravel.  The  working  of  the 
mine  has  been  hampered  by  insufficient 
supply  of  water. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

The  California  Consols,  Ltd.,  a  Scotch 
company,  has  bought  the  Park  and  Mason 
quartz  claims,  near  Carters;  also  the  Le- 
viathan quartz  claim,  an  extension  of  the 
Louisiana  mine,  the  owners  excepting  from 
the  sale  the  standing  timber  and  farming 
land. 

At  the  Don  Pedro  mine,  soutn  of  Chi- 
nese, the  buildings  are  all  up,  roads  have 
been  built  and  water  led  to  the  site.  Grad- 
ing for  the  hoist  is  completed  and  the  ma- 
chinery is  being  set  up.  Six  men  are 
doing  development  work.  The  Don  Pedro 
has  1500  feet  of  underground  development 
work,  and  the  ore  shoot  is  said  to  be  400 
feet  In  length  and  two  stopes  are  12  feet 
wide.  There  is  also  a  shaft,  showing  in 
the  bottom  a  body  of  ore  5  feet  wide,  Bays 
the  Banner. 

At  the  Mohican  mine,  near  Groveland, 
the  underground  hoist  is  ready  to  start 
up  as  soon  as  the  compressor  plant  Is  fin- 
ished. The  works  and  mine  are  to  be 
lighted  by  electricity,  says  Superintendent 

F.  Chappelet. 

A  one-third  interest  in  the  Defiance 
quartz  claim,  south  of  Carters  and  adjoin- 
ing the  Hunter  mine  on  the  north,  has 
been  sold  to  C.  A.  Holland,  of  Sonora. 

A  number  of  the  mother  lode  mines  ex- 
pect to  be  compelled  to  shut  down  next 
week  on  account  of  the  water  shortage. 
Last  month  the  supply  going  through 
the  ditches  was  cut  down  500  inches. 

COLORADO. 

The  probabilities  of  a  general  strike  in 
the  Colorado  coal  fields  seems  Imminent. 
The  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron  Co.  refused  to 
meet  a  committee  of  labor  that  assembled 
at  Denver  last  week.  The  company  said 
it  would  not  meet  with  representatives  of 
the  United  Mine  Workers  of  America, 
but  would  meet  a  committee  of  ita  own 
employes. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

The  property  of  the  Colorado  Northern 

G.  M.  Co.,  at  Copperrock,  was  sold  at 
sheriff's  sale  at  Boulder  last  week  for  $16,- 
000  to  A.  W.  Thompson  of  Allentown, 
Pa.  Manager  K.  S.  Spearhead  says  he  is 
arranging  to  reopen  the  group. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

Manager  Robeson  has  let  a  contract  to 
drive  the  Burleigh  tunnel,  near  George- 
town, to  the  Seven-Thirty  vein,  the  dis- 
tance being  700  feet.  Work  is  under  way 
with  two  machine  drills.  After  a  point  is 
reached  directly  beneath  the  Seven- 
Thirty  shaft  the  bottom  of  which  will  be 
250  feet  above  the  tunnel,  a  raise  will  be 
driven  and  a  diamond  drill  hole  put 
through  to  tap  the  shaft  and  drain  it  of 


the  700  feet  of  water  which  fills  it,  says 
the  Courier. 

The  Charter  Oak  mine,  between  Cas- 
cade and  Ute  creeks,  near  Idaho  Springs, 
will  resume  under  the  management  of 
Maxton  Bros.,  It  being  owned  by  the 
Charter  Oak-Chancellor  M.  &  M.  Co.  It 
has  been  Idle  for  several  months.  Owing 
to  a  lease  and  bond,  the  option  on  which 
has  expired,  the  work  will  be  resumed  by 
the  original  owners.  The  shaft  Is  3:0  feet 
deep  and  drifting  in  the  third  and  fourth 
leveU  to  further  open  up  the  ore  body 
will  be  done. 

The  Mason  Con.  M.  Co.  shareholders, 
at  Idaho  Springs,  last  week  changed  the 
name  of  the  company  to  the  Forty  StateB 
M.  Co.  Their  holdings  consist  of  forty- 
two  claims  (210  acreB)  between  Dumont 
and  Freeland.  It  is  opened  for  140  feet 
on  the  Freeland  side  by  the  Lucy  tunnel, 
but  work  Is  being  confined  at  present  to 
the  Startle  tunnel,  driving  in  from  the 
Dumont  side,  near  Clear  creek.  The 
Startle  tunnel  Is  in  260  feet.  The  officers 
are  F.  G.  Walther,  D  F  Mason  and  S.  S. 
CrookB.     Development  will  be  increased. 

The  Matte  mill,  near  Idaho  Springs, 
has  been  shut  down  to  give  the  full  ca- 
pacity of  the  compressor  plant  of  the  mine 
for  Blnking  the  shaft.  The  flume  will  be 
repaired,  which  will  give  the  company 
ample  power  for  both  the  mill  and  mining 
purposes.  The  milling  ore  is  being  saved 
and  the  smelting  ore  is  being  shipped. 

The  Corry  M.  Co.,  C.  S.  Desch,  man- 
ager, has  started  shipment  of  concen- 
trating ore  from  the  Diamond  tunnel 
dump  at  Silver  Plume  to  the  mill. 

The  contractors  on  the  Central  tunnel, 
near  Idaho  Springs,  drove  156  feet  during 
August,  in  twenty-four  shifts,  an  average 
of  6J  feet  per  working  day.  The  tunnel 
is  in  2068  feet  and  by  October  1st  they  ex- 
pect to  cut  the  Edgar  vein. 

Operations  will  resume  next  week  at 
the  mill  of  the  Elklns  M.  Co.  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Union  tunnel  of  the  Ter- 
rible property,  near  Georgetown.  Ma- 
chinery has  been  placed,  including  the 
water  receiver  and  water  wheels,  which 
will  supply  power  for  the  mill.  Water 
power  will  run  the  air  compressor  which 
Is  now  driven  by  steam.  One  water  wheel 
will  be  used  for  running  the  compressor 
and  the  other  for  driving  the  concentrat- 
ing machinery  of  the  mill,  each  being  in- 
dependent of  the  other. 

Manager  W.  S.  Marshall  says  he  has 
closed  down  the  plant  of  machinery  on 
the  Torpedo  mine,  near  Idaho  Springs,  as 
there  Is  not  enough  water  in  Spring  gulch 
to  furnish  steam  for  the  boiler  and  com- 
pressor. The  work  is  being  done  by  hand 
for  the  present,  and  they  may  haul  water 
for  the  power  later,  as  was  done  during  a 
portion  of  last  year.  Every  year  Spring 
gulch— so  named  because  of  the  number 
of  springs  originally  found  in  it— carries 
lesB  water.  The  Stanley  mine  drained  a 
portion  of  it,  and  with  the  workings  of 
other  mines  it  would  seem  only  a  question 
of  time  when  the  stream  will  be  entirely 
dry,  Bays  Marshall. 

CUSTER    COUNTY. 

The  Custer  M.  &  R.  Co.,  sinking  the 
shaft  on  the  Dolomite  mine,  near  Custer 
(RoBita  P.  O  ),  report  work  progressing. 
They  are  working  on  a  vein  4  feet  wide 
and  a  streak  of  pyrite  and  galena  shows 
In  the  bottom  of  the  shaft.  A  steam  hoist 
will  be  put  in.  The  ore  is  a  telluride,  car- 
rying gold,  silver,  lead  and  copper. 

Superintendent  R.  Southgate  has 
started  work  on  the  Burnett  lode,  east 
from  the  Bassick  mine,  near  Silver  Cliff, 
owned  by  the  Rlto  Alto  C.  Co.  of  Boston, 
Mass. 

In  the  Bassick  mine,  near  Silver  Cliff, 
there  are  125  miners  at  work,  and  it  is 
reported  that  from  the  200-foot  to  the 
1600-foot  level  the  crosscuts  run  recently 
have  cut  into  the  lost  ore  shoots  showing 
telluride  values.    Ore  is  being  sacked. 

EL  PASO   COUNTY. 

The  eighty  men  employed  at  the  Pike- 
view  M.  Co. 's  coal  mines,  north  of  Colo- 
rado Springs,  are  out  on  a  strike,  and 
thirty  men  working  the  Danville  mine  are 
also  out.  Although  the  contributing 
causes  for  the  strike  are  of  various  kinds, 
the  direct  cause  for  the  walkout  is  said  to 
be  a  small  sum,  a  matter  of  only  $4,  says 
the  Gazette.  It  is  expected  the  trouble 
will  be  spread  to  include  all  the  miners  of 
the  district. 

FREMONT   COUNTY. 

The  Union  mills  of  the  United  States  R. 
&  R.  Co.,  at  Florence,  that  were  forced  to 
close  down  because  of  an  insufficient  ore 
supply  due  to  the  strike  In  Cripple  Creek, 
are  again  in  operation. 

The  Ocean  Wave  coal  mine  at  Williams- 
burg, owned  by  the  Rocky  Mountain  Fuel 
Co.  of  Denver,  will  have  additional  equip- 
ment of  machinery  and  the  roadways  In 
the  mine  will  be  improved.  The  Bear 
Gulch  coal  mine  of  the  Colorado  Fuel  & 
Iron  Co.  1b  undergoing  repair.  Electrical 
mining  machinery  is  being  placed  in  the 
mine  and  an  electric  power  house  will  be 
built  near  the  main  entrance.    The  coal 


mine  of  the  Colorado  F.  &  I  Co.,  west  of 
Florence,  is  idle,  the  machinery  being  out 
of  repair. 

The  United  OU  Co.,  near  Florence,  has 
had  surveys  made  locating  four  more  oil 
wells  that  the  company  will  drill  this  sum- 
mer. 

The  Lone  Star  M  M.  &  T.  Co.  has  been 
Incorporated  to  operate  In  MUlersberg 
mining  district,  where  It  owns  a  group  of 
four  claims.  P.  A.  Glascoe,  A.  F.  Cherry, 
J.  and  W.  Bregenzer,  B.  B.  Brown,  F. 
Fusey  and  C.  Miller  are  directors.  The 
main  office  will  be  In  Pueblo. 
GILPIN  COUNTY. 

A  number  of  leasers  are  at  work  at  the 
Robert  Emmet  mine  on  Maryland  moun- 
tain, near  Central  City,  and  are  taking 
out  lead  and  copper  ores,  which  run  up  to 
$100  per  ton  for  first  class.  Some  develop- 
ment work  Is  also  being  done.  Denver 
and  Eastern  parties  are  owners. 

A  body  of  telluride  ore  is  reported 
opened  up  J  mile  from  Rollinsvllle  by  R. 
Duncan  and  J.  Taylor  of  Moon  gulch,  on 
the  Last  Lode  claim,  at  depth  of  150  feet. 
The  vein  is  H  foot  wide  and  was  cut  In 
the  Phone  tunnel. 

Manager  A.  M.  Willard  says  operations 
are  being  resumed  on  the  group  of  the 
Travis  Gulch  M.  &  M.  Co  ,  near  Central 
City.  Three  shifts  will  be  put  to  work 
and  the  main  shaft  sunk.  New  York  par- 
ties are  interested. 

GUNNISON   COUNTY. 

The  Lillie  Dell  mine,  In  Gold  Brick  dis- 
trict, near  Pitkin,  has  been  leased  and 
bonded  for  a  year  to  J.  H.  Robinson  of 
Denver,  for  16000. 

At  White  Pine,  J.  Landrigan  &  Co. 
have  taken  a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Glim 
group,  says  the  Pitkin  Miner. 

T.  R.  Henahen  and  C.  McCullough  of 
Denver  have  bought  the  Boss  group  of 
seven  claims,  the  Dandy,  Daisy  Hughes 
and  Sunday  ledges  on  Wealthy  mountain, 
near  the  Independent  mine,  near  Bower- 
man.  A  shaft  will  be  started  and  a  plant 
of  machinery  set  up.  The  property  shows 
gold  values. 

The  Raymond  Con.  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated by  I.  Carrier,  W.  Maher,  and 
E.  M.  Lamont  of  Pitkin,  with  principal  of- 
fice at  Canon  City.  The  company  will  ex- 
ploit, through  a  shaft  and  drainage  tunnel, 
the  Goldsmith,  Midnight,  Monte  Carloand 
Raymond  mines.  The  company  owns  and 
controls  under  bond  and  lease  310  acres  in 
Gold  Brick  district.  A  plant  of  machinery 
Is  being  put  in  place.  The  opening  of  the 
tunnel  is  on  Ohio  creek  and  has  been 
driven  320  feet.  Five  hundred  feet  farther 
will  cut  the  Goldsmith  vein  at  vertical 
depth  of  800  feet,  and  1700  feet  farther  the 
Monte  Carlo  and  Midnight  veins,  reach- 
ing the  Raymond  vein  at  vertical  depth  of 
1264  feet.  This  will  drain  all  properties 
on  these  veins,  for  which  the  company 
can  secure  royalty  for  drainage  under  the 
State  laws,  says  the  Pitkin  Miner.  Con- 
tinuing the  course  of  the  tunnel,  it  will 
cut  the  Little  Chief  at  depth  of  2430  feet. 

G.  Russ  has  started  operations  on  his 
Irwin  group,  near  Crested  Butte,  adjoin- 
ing the  Ruby  Chief  group.  A  new  shaft 
will  be  sunk  and  drifts  to  the  ore  shoot 
extended  from  the  same.  The  ore  carries 
ruby  silver. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

The  water  situation  in  Lead  vllle  camp 
is  at  present  under  good  control,  says  the 
Carbonate  Chronicle.  There  are  four 
basins  which  control  the  water  situation, 
all  of  them  more  or  less  closely  connected. 
They  are  the  Leadville  basin,  Carbonate 
hill,  East  Fryer  hill  and  Breece  hill.  The 
Leadville  basin  water  level  has  been  low- 
ered 400  feet,  and  mining  operations  can 
be  conducted  to  a  depth  of  700  feet.  The 
handling  of  the  water  in  the  Coronado 
and  Penrose  mines  is  reduced  to  a  mini- 
mum. The  A.  M.  W.  pumps  control  the 
situation  on  Carbonate  hill,  but  the  flow 
is  not  likely  to  be  very  heavy  unless  sink- 
ing operations  commence.  On  Fryer  hill 
the  El  Paso  and  Price  shaft  pumps  have 
the  heaviest  work  in  the  district.  The 
completion  of  the  Yak  tunnel  to  No.  4 
Ibex  mine  shaft  has  solved  the  water 
problem  on  Breece  hill.  The  tunnel 
struck  into  the  hill  200  feet  below  the 
deepest  workings,  and  this  means  that 
operations  can  be  carried  to  a  depth  of 
1400  feet  from  the  surface.  In  some  of 
the  outlying  sections  future  operators  will 
have  to  face  the  water  problem,  but  in 
the  main  mineralized  area  the  expense  of 
mining  has  been  greatly  reduced  by  rea- 
son of  the  lowering  of  the  water  level. 

At  the  Banker  mine,  near  Leadville,  it 
has  been  decided  to  do  considerable  dia- 
mond drill  prospecting  on  the  lower  levels. 
Over  4000  feet  of  drifting  has  been  done. 
SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

Three  thousand  feet  of  flume  will  be 
constructed  for  the  Gold  Prince  M.  Co.  at 
Animas  Forks,  near  Silverton;  1000  feet  of 
the  3000  will  be  placed  on  each  of  the  forks 
— the  Animas  and  California  gulch  tribu- 
taries—and 1000  feet  will  extend  from  the 
forks  to  where  the  proposed  mill  for  the 
new  company  is  to  be  built. 


SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 

At  Telluride,  the  shut  down  In  the 
mines  and  mills  continues.  The  doors 
and  windows  of  the  Liberty  Bell  and 
Nellie  mills  have  been  boarded  up. 

In  Marshall  and  Savage  basins,  near 
Telluride,  mining  is  at  a  standstill  because 
of  the  strike,  except  at  the  Tomboy  mine, 
where  twenty-five  men  are  at  work  on 
development  in  the  Argentine.  Several 
small  properties  are  doing  development 
work,  Including  the  Mayflower  in  Gray 
basin,  tributary  to  Bridal  Veil  basin.  Be- 
sides the  Mayflower  mine,  there  are  three 
others  under  development  and  exploita- 
tion, and  it  Is  expected  work  on  these  will 
be  continued  all  winter.  At  the  Double 
Eagle  group  a  tunnel  has  been  driven  on 
one  of  the  veins,  opening  up  an  ore  body, 

and  a  small  mill  will  be  built  this  fall. 

Adams,  HUgenhaus  and  L.  White  are 
operating  a  group  of  fifteen  claims  near 
the  Double  Eagle,  and  near  them  the  Blue 
Lake  M.  Co.  has  four  men  running  a  tun- 
nel on  the  principal  vein  of  the  group. 

In  the  Prospect  Creek  basin  several  prop- 
erties, employing  from  five  to  fifteen  men 
each,  are  under  development. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

T.  C.  Johnson,  having  a  lease  on  a 
block  of  the  Burns  claim  of  the  Acacia  M. 
Co.  at  Cripple  Creek,  says  there  is  a  con- 
siderable area  of  material  near  the  surface 
that  he  will  ship.  Assays  show  value  of 
$30  in  gold.  Johnson  is  prospecting  In 
the  area  covered  by  the  fire  at  Altman 
last  spring,  and  reports  satisfactory  re- 
sults. 

In  all  nearly  1000  men  are  now  at  work 
In  properties  In  Cripple  Creek  district 
which  have  resumed  since  the  strike  was 
called.  The  La  Belle  power  house  was 
temporarily  shut  down  last  week  by  the 
engineers  going  out,  but  has  resumed  with 
non-union  men,  and  is  supplying  air  to 
the  Golden  Cycle,  Vindicator,  Findley  and 
Teresa  mines.  Stratton's  Independence 
Is  breaking  ore.  The  Rio  Grande  sampler 
at  Victor  is  operating.  The  Mine  Owners' 
Association  has  sent  a  committee  to  Jop- 
lln,  Mo.,  to  get  miners.  With  the  advent 
of  the  soldiers  into  the  district  quite  a 
number  of  lessees  and  small  operators 
ceased  work.  Most  of  them  say  they  will 
not  resume  until  the  present  trouble  has 
been  settled.  Most  of  the  lessees  were  ex- 
periencing difficulty  in  shipping  out  their 
ores. 

IDAHO. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

The  M.  E.  Hopkins  Summit  Flats 
placer  mines  of  640  acreB  in  Boise  basin, 
near  Idaho  City,  have  been  sold  to  J  B. 
Adams  of  Denver,  Colo.,  for  $50,000. 
AdamB  will  start  development  by  Oct.  1. 

IDAHO  COUNTY. 

A  tunnel  has  been  started  to  tap  the 
lead  on  the  Masslc  mine,  near  Hump. 
This  claim  is  8700  feet  above  sea  level  and 
Is  on  the  side  of  Buffalo  Hump  mountain. 
Two  leads  have  been  found,  one  18  inches 
and  the  other  4J  feet  wide,  snowing  gold 
values.  The  Prudential  M.  Co.  owns  the 
claim. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 

C.  W.  Sanders,  of  New  York,  part 
owner  of  the  Mammoth  group  of  mines  at 
the  head  of  Blue  gulch,  near  Silver  City, 
has  started  operations.  A  few  men  are 
at  work  cleaning  out  the  tunnel  and  more 
men  will  be  added. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  that  another  union  of 
Cceur  d'Alene  mines  is  being  negotiated. 
The  American  S.  &  R.  Co.  is  forming  an 
alliance  with  the  Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan 
at  Wardner,  the  Morning  Star  mine  at 
Mullan  and  the  Hercules  mine,  near 
Burke. At  the  Hercules  mine  it  is  pro- 
posed to  build  an  electric  railroad  from 
the  mine  to  Burke,  to  connect  with  the 
Northern  Pacific  and  O.  R.  &  N.  The 
track  will  be  1J  mile  long,  with  a  2% 
grade. 

All  the  miners  at  the  Frisco  mine  at 
Gem  are  reported  to  have  walked  out  last 
week  and  the  mine  closed,  as  the  men 
were  afraid  to  work  in  the  mine  on  ac- 
count of  explosions  and  earthquake 
shocks,  for  which  they  cannot  give  a 
cause.  The  trouble  seems  to  be  between 
the  1800-foot  and  2000-foot  levels. 

Suit  has  been  brought  by  the  Empire 
State-Idaho  M.  Co.  against  the  Bunker 
HU1  &  Sullivan  M.  Co.  to  recover  $75,000 
for  ore  which,  it  is  alleged,  was  unlawfully 
extracted  from  plaintiff's  ground.  The 
Empire  State  owna  the  San  Carlos,  the 
Likely  and  the  Cuba  Fraction  claims, 
which  join  one  another.  The  complaint 
recites  that  between  September  1,  1900, 
and  October  1,  1902,  the  defendant  un- 
lawfully entered  the  ledge  having  its  apex 
within  the  San  Carlos  and  Likely  claims 
and  into  the  Cuba  fraction  lode  mining 
claim  and  extracted  ores  and  mineral 
amounting  to  $75,000. 

The  Advance  M.  Co.,  organized  at  Wal- 
lace by  J.  Kammerer,  P.  Roddy,  L.  J . 
Columbus,  H.  P.  Ward  and  W.  J.  Brack- 


192 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


ing,  is  making  arrangements  to  begin 
development  of  the  copper  property  west 
of  the  Snowstorm  mine,  near  Mullan.  So 
far  development  work  consists  of  400  feet 
of  tunnel,  and  it  is  thought  the  ledge  will 
be  cut  in  the  tunnel  at  100  feet  farther. 

MICHIGAN, 

The  total  production  of  copper  by  the 
Lake  Superior  copper  mines  during 
August  amounted  to  16,155,000  pounds,  as 
compared  with  16,490,000  in  July  and  with 
17,155,000  pounds  during  June.  Compari- 
sons in  detail  follow: 

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HOnGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  Franklin,  Jr.,  mine,  near  Hancock, 
in  the  croaBcut  weBt  from  the  fourth  level 
of  No.  1  shaft  on  the  Pewabic  lode,  last 
week  cut  the  amygdaloid  975  feet  west  of 
the  Pewabic.  It  is  thought  to  lie  close  to 
the  conglomerate  lode  opened  formerly  on 
the  Franklin.  Drifts  south  from  No.  2 
shaft  have  reached  the  strike  line  of  No. 
3  shaft  on  the  Franklin,  Jr.,  on  the  con- 
glomerate lode  at  the  seventh  and  four- 
teenth levels.  The  eleventh,  twelfth, 
thirteenth,  fifteenth,  sixteenth  and  seven- 
teenth levels  are  alBO  being  extended 
south  to  the  strike  line  of  No.  3,  which 
has  entered  the  ledge  from  the  surface 
RaiBing  will  start  from  the  seventh  and 
fourteenth  levels  and  from  the  fourth  and 
ninth  as  soon  as  they  cut  the  shaft  line. 

On  the  basis  of  13  j  cents  the  August 
product  of  the  Lake  mines  was  worth 
$2,685,767.75. 

Only  two  of  the  six  compartments  of  the 
Red  Jacket  shaft  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla 
were  operating  last  week  on  account  of  a 
change  in  the  hoisting  system,  Bays  the 
News.  The  double  cages  are  being  re- 
placed by  an  automatic  dumping  skip 
By  means  of  these  skips  the  rock  will  be 
dumped  over  the  grizzlies  to  the  floor  im- 
mediately in  front  of  the  crushers.  They 
have  a  capacity  of  7J  tons  and  will  take 
rock  from  nine  pockets  at  as  many  levels 

No.  2  shaft  of  the  Osceola  mine  at 
Opecbee,  northeast  of  Calumet,  has  been 
dismantled.  The  second  skip  has  been 
put  in  use  at  the  No.  1  sbaft,  making  the 
full  complement,  of  which  four  are  at  the 
North  Kearsarge  lode.  The  third  skip 
will  be  in  operation  at  the  South  Kear- 
sarge. The  No.  2  shaft  Is  down  to  the 
24th  level  and  will  continue  to  be  used  as  a 
pump  shaft  for  most  of  the  levels. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  Mlshawabik  mine,  near  Allouez, 
reports  having  struck  heavy  copper  in  its 
Bhaft  which  has  been  started  on  the  Kear- 
sarge lode. 

The  Allouez  mine,  near  Allouez,  has 
put  in  power  drills  at  its  new  Bhaft  on  the 
Kearsarge  lode.  The  ledge  had  been  en- 
tered 5  feet  by  hand  drilling.  The  shaft 
lining  through  50  feet  of  overburden  has 
been  made  permanent.  The  shaft  is  mak- 
ing considerable  water  and  four  pumps 
are  running  to  keep  it  free.  The  survey 
has  been  completed  for  the  extension  of 
the  Mineral  Range  tracks  to  this  shaft, 
but  construction  will  not  be  started  till 
spring. 

At  the  Ahmeek  mine,  near  Allouez,  de- 
velopment work  is  progressing.  Ground 
has  been  broken  and  a  derrick  put  up  at 
its  southerly  shaft  (No.  1),  and  excavation 
started  for  Bhafthouje.  Work  of  clearing 
site  for  No.  2  shaft  is  also  under  way,  1500 
feet  northeast  of  No.  1.  The  latter  is  200 
feet  southweBt  and  to  the  hanging  wall 
side  of  the  vertical  exploratory  shaft 
through  which  the  chute  in  the  Kear- 
sarge lode  waB  first  located  by  the  Ah- 
meek. The  shaft  will  have  a  dip  of  37°. 
Underground  development  on  the  Kear- 
sarge lode  on  the  Ahmeek  is  in  35  feet. 
ValueB  are  reported  to  hold  up  well.  Two 
drillB  are  working,  one  on  the  south  drift, 
the  other  on  the  north.  At  No.  2,  a  ver- 
tical shaft  will  be  put  down  to  examine 
the  lode  and  then  a  permanent  shaft  lo- 


cated as  at  No.  1.  The  lode  is  said  to 
show  a  bend  from  the  strike  line  of  the 
Mohawk  shafts  and  this  would  throw  it 
1300  feet  nearer  the  eastern  sandstone  on 
the  Ahmeek. 

MINNESOTA. 

The  State  of  Minnesota  has  started 
granting  leases  for  mining  purposes  under 
the  lake  beds,  the  Attorney  General  of  the 
State  having  passed  on  the  legality  of 
such.  An  application  was  made  laat 
month  to  lease  the  beds  of  seventeen  of 
the  Minnesota  lakes  for  prospecting  pur- 
poses, and  the  problem  involved  the  rights 
of  riparian  owners  and  those  of  the 
United  States  Government  as  well.  In 
none  of  these  cases  were  there  any  State 
lands  located  on  the  shores  of  the  lakes. 
The  privilege  granted  to  the  applicants  is 
the  "one- year  prospecting  lease,"  and  for 
this  the  fee  of  825  per  quarter  section  is 
collected.  Should  the  prospecting  yield 
indications  of  ore  the  regular  mineral 
leases  will  be  applied  for,  and  in  case  of 
mining  operations  the  State  will  collect 
the  regular  royalty  of  25  centB  a  ton  be- 
sides taxes  on  the  property.  The  lease 
granted  to  McClintock  &  Co  is  for  the 
bed  of  Longyear  lake,  in  St.  Louis  county, 
near  Tower,  and  the  terms  of  the  lease 
expressly  preclude  any  effort  on  the  part 
of  the  lessees  to  reach  the  bed  of  the  lake 
by  draining  off  the  water.  Since  filing 
the  original  seventeen  applications  Mc- 
Clintock presented  eight  more.  In  sev- 
eral cases  mineral  deposits  are  reported  to 
have  been  found  on  the  land  in  the  iron 
ranges  bordering  on  the  lakes,  with  indi- 
cations that  the  veins  extend  under  the 
lakes. 

MISSOURI. 

The  total  value  of  $6,724,125  for  the 
first  eight  months  of  1903  for  the  south- 
western Missouri  zinc  and  lead  district 
Bhows  an  increase  of  $350,660  over  the 
same  period  of  1902,  despite  a  smaller  ton- 
nage of  both  ores.  A  year  ago  zinc  was 
Belling  at  $39  50  top  and  lead  at  $49.  Lead 
ore  for  the  week  ending  Sept.  5th  closed 
at  $54  per  ton  and  zinc  at  top  price  of  $40, 
the  assay  basis  quotable  from  $35  to  $37 
per  ton  of  60%  zinc. 

BARTON  COUNTY. 

In  the  new  oil  district  near  Golden  City, 
J.  W.  Layne  &  Co.  have  a  drill  going 
down  which  is  already  in  the  oil  sand,  and 
report  showing  favorable  indications.  J. 
H.  Cook  &  Co.  are  also  at  work. 
JASPER    COUNTY. 

The  Barrister  M.  Co.,  composed  of  F. 
L.  Forlow,  T.  Stepp,  J.  Dabbs  and  B. 
Lyon  report  striking  a  jack  prospect  on 
its  lease  on  the  Guinn  land,  north  of  Webb 
City.  They  have  forty  acres  in  their 
lease  and  have  cut  into  the  ore  body  50 
feet,  says  the  Joplin  News  Herald. 

Four  more  mills  are  being  built,  south- 
east of  Webb  City,  and  near  each  other. 
These  mills  are  on  the  Aylor,  being  a  sec- 
ond mill  on  the  Holy  Smoke  lease,  a  third 
mill  on  the  Patton  &  Dodge  ground,  a 
second  mill  on  the  Lucky  Budge  ground; 
also  on  the  Connor  land,  adjoining,  G. 
Taylor,  T.  Hill,  W.  B.  Kane  and  J.  A. 
Daugherty  have  started  to  build. 

The  Kibeka,  or  South  Carthage  lease, 
south  of  Carthage,  output  for  month  of 
August  was:  With  five  hand  jigs  work- 
ing, produced  286,000  pounds  of  ore.  Of 
this,  six  carloads  have  been  shipped  and 
three  carloads  are  in  the  bins  on  the 
ground.  The  output  has  been  made  by 
three  companies,  all  only  possessing  hand 
jig  plants,  being  M.  Hall  &  Co.,  J  Klrken- 
dall  and  Brooking  &  Hodges.  Three  new 
prospects  have  been  developed  on  the 
ground  and  are  ready  to  put  in  their  ma- 
chinery to  begin  production. 

At  Duenweg,  the  Obert  M.  Co.  is  run- 
ning steadily  and  turning  out  6  tons  of 
zinc  ore  per  shift,  says  Superintendent  E. 
Anderson.  The  Obert  Co  has  a  lease  on 
sixty-eight  acres  of  mining  land,  the  ore 
being  found  at  depth  of  120  feet. 

At  Carthage,  the  Wire  Stretchers  M. 
Co.  has  quit  sinking  at  38  feet  on  the  John 
Henkel  land,  southwest  of  Carthage,  and 

will  put  down  a  drill  hole C.  E.  Bryan, 

of  Carthage,  has  secured   a  lease  on  the 
forty  acres  of  land  north  of   the  Clary  & 
Shults  land,  at  Cave   Springs,  and  work 
with  a  drilling  outfit  has  started. 
STONE  COUNTY. 

J.  E.  Putnam,  of  Joplin  has  bought  sev- 
eral mining  leases  and  options  near  Bax- 
ter,' on  which  operations  will  be  started 
this  month,  says  the  Baxter  Springs 
News. 

The  Gaines,  Brewster  &  Co.  lease  on 
the  Felix  Dardenne  land,  near  the  Qua- 
paw  mission,  near  Baxter,  has  been  sold 
to  F.  Nicholson,  of  Joplin,  for  $7000,  being 

a  first  lease  on  eighty  acres. A  lease  on 

forty  acres  of  the  Crawfish  land  has  been 
given  to  J.  O.  Goodwin  &  Co.,  for  $1500. 
This  prospect  shows  values  at  depth  of 
126  to  172  feet.  A  test  hole  sunk  6  feet 
from  this  drill  hole  showed  ore  at  126  to 
198  feet,  being  72  feetof  an  indicated  ore 
body.      Development    work    will    be    in- 


creased.  Goodwin  &  Co.  have  also  bought 
three  other  leases,  covering  a  total  of  480 

acres. T.  H  Goodwin  has  leased  from 

the  Iowa  &  Oklahoma  D.  Co.  ten  acres, 
including  the  Tom  Clark  lead  shaft. 

The  Galena  Co-operative  M.  Co.  report 
starting  operations  under  Superintendent 
O.  Miller.  They  will  sink  on  the  Cox 
land,  2  miles  northeast  of  Galena,  near 
the  Helen  Hunt  mine.  The  ground  is 
southeaat  of  the  Badger  diggings,  south 
of  Bellville.  Should  the  company  make  a 
strike  the  ground  will  be  leased  to  miners 
on  a  20%  royalty  basis. 

MONTANA. 

FLATHEAD    COUNTY. 

J.  T.  Vaughan  of  Vaughan  &  Green- 
well,  operating  near  Libby,  says  he 
shipped  out  last  week  the  first  clean-up  of 
gold  to  be  made  on  the  Libby  placers  this 
season,  and  operations  continue  satisfac- 
tory. 

B.  Downey  of  Troy,  part  owner  of  the 
Banner  &  Bangle  group  near  Troy,  being 
operated  by  Larson  &  Greenough,  says 
they  are  working  fifteen  men,  and  in  No. 
5  tunnel  the  vein  is  16  feet  between  walls, 
being  in  two  sections — one  carries  lead  ore 
the  other  zinc.  From  these  It  is  intended 
to  ship  100  tons  of  each  kind  of  ore  to  a 
smelter  for  making  a  thorough  test.  The 
ore  to  be  shipped  will  run  about  50%  in 
lead  and  50%  in  zinc. 

G.  W.  Walker,  part  owner  of  the  Cop- 
per Reward  claim  in  the  Cabinet  range  of 
mountains,  near  Libby,  says  they  have 
opened  up  a  body  of  ore  at  the  face  of  the 
350-foot  tunnel  and  100  feet  below  the 
surface.  The  mine  is  on  Cherry  creek  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  mountain  from 
the  Snowshoe  mine,  and  the  tunnel  is  900 
feet  lower  than  the  main  working  tunnel 
on  the  Snowshoe. 

GRANITE    COUNTY. 

Work  on  the  Southern  Cross  (Fisher 
Jack)  mine  on  lower  Rock  creek,  near 
Phlllipsburg,  has  been  temporarily  sus- 
pended on  account  of  bad  air.  Air  pipes 
will  be  put  in  and  a  blower.  The  Fisher 
Jack  claims  and  the  claims  of  the  Union 
M.  &  Dev.  Co.  are  under  bond  to  Butte 
parties  and  G.  W.  Wilson  of  Phlllipsburg, 
who  is  superintendent.  Most  of  the  work 
done  has  been  in  tunneling.  On  the 
Southern  Cross  a  shaft  was  sunk  in  the 
tunnel  to  depth  of  30  feet  and  a  drift  run 
from  there. 

Work  has  been  resumed  at  the  Albion 
M.  Co.'s  properties  near  Royal,  says 
President  Clark.  It  is  proposed  to  build 
a  mill.  M.  Brent  and  G.  Wagner  of 
Princeton  are  part  owners. 

The  Milwaukee  G.  Extraction  Co.,  op- 
erating the  Hannah  group  of  mines  in 
Red  Lion  district,  near  Phlllipsburg,  are 
preparing  to  build  a  cyanide  mill  of  200- 
ton  daily  capacity,  says  G.  H.  Savage, 
manager.  A  sawmill  is  being  set  up  to 
cut  lumber  for  the  mill  and  other  build- 
ings. Development  work  In  the  mine  con- 
tinues, the  principal  work  being  in  the 
lower  tunnel,  driving  to  tap  the  lead  at 
depth  of  400  feet.  Two  tunnels  have 
crosscut  the  lead. 

A.  Schroller  and  V.  Page  are  working 
the  Lucky  Boy,  a  gold  claim  east  of  Gran- 
ite, owned  by  them  and  F.  Carr,  of  Butte. 
They  have  two  shafts  going  down,  both 
being  sunk  on  the  lead.  The  claim  Is  near 
Track  lake  and  adjoins  the  Dorothy  M. 
Co. 

F.  Houle,  part  owner  In  a  gold-bearing 
group  on  Harvey  creek,  above  Quigley,  is 
arranging  to  put  in  a  cyanide  plant.  Work 
will  be  started  next  week. 

MADISON  COUNTY. 

C.  A.  Plummer  reportB  striking  a  body 
of  coking  coal  near  Monida.  The  coal  is 
23  inches  wide  and  has  been  traced  for 
some  distance  on  the  surface. 

MISSOULA  COUNTY. 

The  Buffalo  M.  Co.  is  developing  a 
group  of  eight  claims  in  the  Bitter  Root 
mountains,  between  Saltese  and  DeBorgla 
and  6  miles  from  the  Northern  Pacific 
tracks.  Surface  assays  show  values  in 
lead  and  silver.  At  the  bottom  of  a  30- 
foot  shaft  a  sample  along  the  vein  for  10 
feet  gave  28%  lead  and  thirty  ounces  of 
silver.  A  tunnel  has  been  run  150  feet 
and  is  being  extended  350  feet  to  crosscut 
the  ledge.  The  company  also  owns  claims 
on  a  ledge  of  copper  ore  15  feet  wide  which 
parallels  the  above  lead.  More  men  are 
being  put  on  and  the  company  will  build  a 
wagon  road  to  the  property,  when  ore  will 
be  shipped. 

The  Monitor  copper  mine,  near  Saltese, 
has  reverted  to  the  original  ownerB  and 
they  have  resumed  development  work 
with  eighteen  men  in  charge  of  A.  Mc- 
Cullum  of  Wallace,  Idaho.  Sinking  the 
shaft  has  been  started.  It  is  owned  by 
the  Montana  Con.  M.  Co.  and  was  bonded 
by  the  Bitter  Root  C.  M.  Co. 
POWELL  COUNTY. 

The  Ophir  placer  mines  have  been  con- 
solidated, all  placer  ground  on  Ophir 
gulch  and  Carpenter's  Bar,  near  Ophir, 


being  turned  over  to  a  Minneapolis  com- 
pany, with  W.  R.  Bourne  of  Shell  Lake, 
Wis.,  president  and  T.  Cooney  manager. 
The  company  is  making  preparations  to 
work  the  ground  next  spring. 

SHOSHONE    COUNTY. 

The  extension  of  the  Beartop  wagon 
road  was  completed  last  week  and  the 
Beartop  M.  Co  ,  near  Murray,  have  begun 
construction  of  a  cable-bucket  tramway, 
says  Manager  Groesbeck.  The  company 
expects  to  have  all  its  outdoor  work  done 
by  Oct.  1st.,  when  the  ore  body  of  the  dis- 
covery claim  of  the  district  will  be  devel- 
oped. The  new  road  Is  of  value  to  the 
entire  Beartop  section,  being  convenient 
to  the  farthest  claims.  With  a  lower  tun- 
nel the  Orofino  owners  can  drop  their  ore 
into  a  bin  above  the  road. 

The  Highland  Chief  M.  &  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  with  principal  place  of 
business  at  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  by  B.  L 
Grant,  Hudson,  Wis.;  C.  C.  Whitney, 
Marshall,  Minn.,  and  A.  M.  Phillips,  C. 
W.  Stanton  and  J.  E.  King  of  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  directors.  The  Highland  Chief  is 
on  Pine  Creek,  weBt  of  Wardner. 

WASHINGTON  COUNTY. 
The  Idaho  C.  M.  Co.,  owning  the 
Alaska  group  and  Arkansas  claims  in  the 
Seven  Devils  district,  near  Landore,  re- 
ports atartlng  work  on  its  propertiea.  H. 
C.  Breeden  of  Portland,  Or.,  ia  president. 

NEVADA 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

The  Nevada  Placer  G.  M.  Co.  will  test 
the  Carson  river  gravel  beds,  near  Gard' 
nerville,  says  the  Gardnerville  Courier. 
They  are  putting  In  machinery. 

ESMERALDA  COUNTY. 

C.  Smith  has  taken  a  working  bond  on 
the  A.  Weber  group  of  mines  on  Cat 
creek.  These  mines  are  8  miles  from 
Hawthorne  and  are  surrounded  by  tim- 
ber. Water  sufficient  for  milling  pur- 
poses can  be  obtained.  Smith  says  the 
Nevada  claim  shows  a  3  foot  ledge  of  $10 
ore,  the  Golden  Nugget  2J  feet  of  $12  ore 
and  the  Lakeview  also  pay  ore. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

Some  of  the  superintendents  at  Search- 
light last  week  offered  to  take  the  men 
hack  at  the  former  scale,  but  the  union 
refused.  The  following  scale  of  wages  has 
been  adopted  by  the  Mine  Operators  of 
Searchlight: 

Miners $3  00 

Trammers  and  muckers 3.00 

Miners,  shaft  work 3  50 

Miners,  wet  ground 3.60 

Engineers,  9  hours 3.50 

Blacksmiths,  9  hours 4.00 

Tool  sharpeners,  9  hours 3.50 

Timber  framers,  9  hours 3.50 

All  other  top  men,  9  hours 3.00 

Eight-hour  men  working  under  ground 
to  be  lowered  and  hoisted  on  their  own 
time. 

Last  week  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal ,  the 
Searchlight  M.  &  M.  C.  waB  Incorporated 
to  develop  the  PeerleBB  group,  near 
Searchlight,  with  G.  I.  Meyera  of  Mobile, 
Ala.,  as  president,  and  O.  B.  Landon,  H. 
E.  Carter,  A.  B.  Day  and  G.  W.  Morgan, 
directors.  The  property  consists  of  six 
claims,  the  Julia,  North  Star,  Henrietta, 
Diamond,  Peerleaa  and  Dabu,  aouth  of  the 
Blossom  group  of  the  Southern  Nevada 
M.  Co.  Some  work  haa  been  done  on  these 
claims,  and  prospecting  shafts  have  been 
sunk  in  aeveral  placea,  ahowing  ledges  on 
the  North  Star  and  Dabu  5  feet  in  width 
and  assaying  $10  in  gold.  It  is  intended 
to  open  up  and  develop  the  property,  and 
as  soon  as  the  showing  justifies  to  build  a 
mill. 

NYE  COUNTY. 

At  Lone  mountain,  near  Tonopah,  the 
Eureka  M.  Syndicate  has  been  formed  by 
T.  G.  Elgie,  W.  J.  Stoneham  and  W.  S. 
Williams  to  develop  the  Eureka  claim,  a 
weBtern  extension  of  the  General  Thomas 
mine.     Work  has  begun. 

At  Hannapah,  east  of  Tonopah,  Super- 
intendent Work  reports  during  month  of 
Auguat  143  feet  of  work  was  done  on  the 
Newhouse  group,  besides  putting  In  100 
cords  of  wood.  In  the  north  crosscut  on 
the  250-foot  level,  at  a  point  40  feet  from 
the  vein,  stringers  of  quartz  were  struck 
showing  ruby  silver.  In  the  west  drift, 
100  feet  from  the  crosscut,  ore  is  showing 
in  the  face.  The  pumpB  are  raising  30,000 
gallons  of  water  a  day.  Moat  of  the 
water  comes  from  the  north  crosscut.  The 
company  operating  the  Newhouse  prop- 
erties is  the  Hannapah  M.  &  S.  Co. 

STOREY  COUNTY. 

P.  Raubach  and  G.  J.  Roote  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  have  bought  the  Keyes 
mine  in  Sevenmile  canyon,  near  Virginia 
City,  and  have  put  men  to  work  cleaning 
up  and  getting  the  plant  in  readiness  to 
pump  out  the  water,  which  stands  200 feet 
deep  in  the  shaft.  M.  Cullen  Is  superin- 
tendent.     Development    work    will    be 


September  19, 1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


193 


started,  and  later  a  plant  to  work  the  mine 
will  be  put  In. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

High-grade  sulphide  ore  Is  reported 
struck  last  week  in  the  shaft  of  the 
Desert  King  mine  in  Wedeklnd  district, 
near  Reno.  J.  Sparks,  S.  H.  Wheeler,  R. 
J.  Sanders  and  J.  L.  Herron  of  Reno  are 
principal  owners. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

P.  L.  Keogh,  president  of  the  Sapho 
M.  Co.  of  Ely,  says  their  properties  have 
been  sold  to  Hurd.  Shafner  et  al.  of  Phila- 
delphia, Pa  ,  for  $100,000. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

The  Santa  Rita  C.  M.  &  S.  Co.  propose 
to  resume  work  on  the  Pinos  Altos  mines 
near  Plnos  Altos,  formerly  owned  by  the 
Hearst  estate. 

GUADALUPE  COUNTY. 

At  Dalhart,  Texas,  the  Onervo  M.  Co. 
has  been  incorporated  by  C.  S.  Ross,  A. 
S.  Long.  C.  Rayburn  and  R.  A.  Stewart 
et  al.  to  operate  a  group  of  claims  12  miles 
west  of  Conant  on  the  Rock  Island  Rail- 
road, and  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  by  Su- 
perintendent R.  A.  Stewart  to  depth  of 
20  feet,  showing  ore  carrying  copper  and 
sliver  values.  It  is  intended  to  sink  to 
200  feet. 

SANTA  FE  COUNTY. 

R  B.  Thomas  of  Cerrillos  says  at  the 
smelter  the  shut  down  occasioned  by 
burning  out  the  water-jacket  will  end 
next  week,  having  lasted  thirty  days. 
The  delay  in  the  resumption  of  the  work 
has  been  due  to  the  trouble  experienced 
in  securing  material  for  repairs.  In  the 
smelter  there  are  eighty  men  at  work. 
The  mines  are  running  full  capacity  and 
have  300  men  on  the  payrolls.  The  con- 
centrating plant  at  Hanover  is  giving 
seventy-five  men  employment  and  is  ship- 
ping copper  concentrates  to  the  smelter. 
SIERRA    COUNTY. 

The  Silver  Monument  mine  at  Fairview 

has  closed   down   temporarily. Trails 

and  roads  have  been  broken  to  the  Con- 
fidence mine  at  Fairview  and  several 
buildings  have  been  erected.  A  machine 
drill  will  be  used. 

OREGON. 

The  Oregon  State  Mining  Association 
was  organized  last  week  at  Portland  with 
the  following  officers:  J.  F.  Wickham  of 
Gallce,  president;  J.  H.  Fisk  of  Portland, 
vice-president;  L.  Keizur  of  Baker  City, 
Becond  vice-president;  A.  L.  Morris  of 
Portland,  secretary;  J.  F.  Watson  of  Port- 
land, treasurer.  The  purposes  of  the'  or- 
ganization are  to  afford  the  mining  men  of 
Oregon  an  opportunity  to  consult  with 
each  other  and  exchange  views  on  matters 
pertaining  generally  to  mining  interests 
in  this  section,  says  the  Telegram.  It  is 
considered  there  is  much  to  be  done  in  the 
matter  of  legislation  in  the  State  of  Ore- 
gon with  regard  to  the  mining  interests, 
and  aside  from  this  there  are  other  phases 
of  the  industry  that  will  profit  by  consul- 
tation among  representative  mining  men 
in  the  various  districts,  which  will  be  fol- 
lowed by  co-operative  action  in  the  lines 
decided  upon.  The  question  of  forest  re- 
serves, and  also  the  collection  of  a  mineral 
exhibit  for  the  Lewis  &  Clarke  Fair,  will 
be  taken  up. 

BAKER    COUNTY. 

The  Highland  G.  M.  Co.  propose  to  put 
up  a  30  ton  mill  at  Its  group,  near  Sump- 
ter,  says  Superintendent  Jackson,  to 
handle  the  rock  taken  out  in  develop- 
ment. 

J.  H.  Hubbard,  R.  B.  Knapp  and  A. 
Swick,  owners  of  the  Dewey  mine,  near 
the  Potosi  mine,  in  the  Greenhorns,  near 
Sumpter,  have  started  work. 

The  capacity  of  the  California  mine'B 
reduction  plant,  near  Sumpter,  will  be  in- 
creased from  Its  present  capacity  of  50 
tons  a  day  to  120  tons,  says  J.  Michaels  of 
Minneapolis,  Minn.,  president  of  the  Turn- 
again  Arm  Co.,  operating  the  California. 
The  additional  machinery  will  consist  of  a 
reverberatory  roaster,  leaching  and  cyan- 
iding  equipment  and  additional  vanners. 

CROOK  COUNTY. 
Ore  carrying  values  in  silver  and  gold  is 
reported  opened  up  in  the  lower  levels  of 
the  Oregon  King  mine  on  Trout  creek. 
C.  M.  Cartwright  of  Portland,  and  J.  G. 
Edwards  of  Hay  creek  are  part  owners. 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

Gold  and  copper  bearing  ore  is  reported 
found  on  Section  creek,  1  mile  southweBt 
of  Glendale,  by  C.  Stuerhoff. 

JACKSON  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Hill  dam  across  the  Rogue 
river,  near  Gold  Hill,  built  to  conserve 
the  water  for  power  purposes,  has  ex- 
posed a  gravel  bar  carrying  placer  gold  in 
the  bed  of  the  stream  which  is  believed 
when  worked  will  more  than  repay  the 
cost  of  building  the  barrier  which  caused 


its  discovery,  says  the  Telegram.  A. 
Orme,  foreman  of  dam  construction, 
panned  out  $100  in  two  and  one-half 
hours,  and  the  Condon  Power  Co ,  to 
whom  the  dam  belongs,  are  making 
preparations  to  work  the  property.  The 
bed  of  Rogue  river  adjacent  to  the  dam  Is 
being  thoroughly  prospected. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

The  St.  Helens  M.  Co  and  the  Gallce 
Hydraulic  M.  Co.,  on  Galice  creek,  near 
Grant's  Pass,  have  been  consolidated  as 
the  Galice  Con.  M.  Co.,  which  has  been 
incorporated  at  Portland  by  A.  B  Cousin, 
E.  E.  Cable,  H.  Wiedler,  G.  B.  Hengen, 
G.  W.  Klrkley,  G.  E.  Waggoner  and  W. 
P.  Wagy.  A.  B.  Cousin  of  Portland  Is 
manager.  The  placer  ground  bought  In 
the  consolidation  contains  600  acres,  and 
well  covered  with  timber.  Water  power 
of  sufficient  capacity  to  furnish  electricity 
for  their  purposes  Is  near  by.  The  work 
thus  far  done  Is  10  miles  of  ditches,  11 
miles  of  pipe  lines,  derricks,  sawmill" 
blacksmith  Bhop  and  other  buildings.  The 
improvements  to  be  added  will  be  an  8  foot 
flume,  which  will  be  capable  of  running 
bix  giants  and  will  have  taps  along  Its  en- 
tire distance,  where  connections  can  be 
made.  Manager  Cousin  has  twenty-five 
men  at  work. 

LANE  COUNTY. 

A  300-ton  quicksilver  plant  is  going  up 
on  the  Black  Butte  mines,  near  Cottage 
Grove,  says  G.  B.  Dennis  of  Spokane,  part 
owner.  Four  years  of  development  work 
has  opened  up  a  good  body  of  cinnabar. 
The  Black  Butte  quicksilver  mines  are  18 
miles  from  Cottage  Grove.  W.  B.  Dennis 
Is  superintendent.  During  the  four  years 
12.000  feet  of  work  have  been  done,  which 
Includes  a  vertical  shaft  to  the  1000-foot 
level.  At  each  100-foot  station  a  drift 
running  on  the  footwall  has  been  driven 
either  side  of  the  shaft  for  227  feet,  and 
at  each  level  the  ledge  has  been  crosscut 
for  80  feet.  The  average  of  the  ore  is  1% 
in  mercury.  A  contract  has  been  let  for 
an  additional  tunnel  3000  feet  long,  which 
will  give  a  vertical  depth  of  1700  feet,  and 
will  be  the  main  working  tunnel  of  the 
mine.  The  forty-ton  distilling  plant  is 
being  enlarged  to  300  tons  capacity,  and 
the  mine  equipped  with  water  power  elec- 
trical plant,  furnishing  power  and  light. 
MALHEUR  COUNTY. 

J.  E.  Gilman  and  J.  Wright,  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  part  owners  of  the  Singer  group 
of  mining  claims  on  Snake  river,  20  miles 
from  Ontario,  have  arranged  to  open  up 
the  group  and  increase  developments, 
says  Superintendent  C.  B.  Lyon. 
WALLOWA  COUNTY. 

Work  is  reported  progressing  in  devel- 
opment and  construction  at  the  Imnaha 
properties  The  steamer  Imnaha  is  taking 
in  machinery  and  supplies  from  Lewlston, 
Idaho,  via  the  Snake  river.  It  iB  ex- 
pected it  will  be  more  available  for  freight 
purposes  after  finishing  Improvements  on 
Wild  Goose  rapids.  The  main  workings 
of  the  Eureka  M.  Co.  on  the  Mountain 
Chief  are  nearly  through,  the  divide  sepa- 
rating the  mouth  of  the  Imnaha  from  the 
Snake  river,  near  Imnaha,  and  are  said  to 
have  opened  a  good  ore  body.  Electric 
drills  are  being  used.  The  Eureka  Co. 
has  its  sawmill  in  operation,  turning  out 
lumber  for  the  smelting  plant.  The 
maBOnry  foundations  are  completed.  At 
the  Fargo  mine,  near  the  Eureka,  and 
across  the  Imnaha  river,  work  is  in  pro- 
gress driving  tunnels  on  the  vein  system. 
The  Fargo  Co.  is  using  an  electric  power 
drill. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 

After  a  shutdown  of  several  months 
during  which  time  new  ore  bodies  have 
been  opened  up,  the  North  Star  10-stamp 
mill,  8  miles  northwest  of  Custer  City,  be- 
gan dropping  its  stamps  again  last  week, 
sayB  Superintendent  G.  Salmon.  The  ore 
shoots  have  been  uncovered  in  a  series  of 
shafts  on  the  strike  of  the  vein.  The 
main  shaft  is  down  360  feet. 

The  Extreme  M.  Co.,  owning  the  Min- 
nie May  mine  near  Custer,  will  build  a  10- 
stamp  mill.  They  have  put  up  a  sawmill 
to  cut  lumber  for  the  mill  and  mine  tim- 
bers. On  the  dumps  at  the  mine  are 
10,000  tons  of  ore  that  averages  $10  per 
ton,  the  values  being  in  free  gold  and  sul- 
phides, says  Superintendent  I.  Downing. 
LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  South- 
ern Cross  M.  &  M.  Co.  will  put  in  a  hoist- 
ing plant  and  other  machinery.  This 
company  came  into  possession  of  their 
property  about  two  months  ago.  They 
have  their  shaft  down  100  feet  and  200 
feet  of  drift  at  the  bottom.  Ore  runs  $20 
per  ton.  J.  F.  Menzel  is  superintendent 
and  E.  R.  Stewart  manager. 

Lead,  Sept.  14. 

(Special  Correspondence) — J.  L.  Malm 
of  Marysville,  Mont.,  has  bought  a  large 
tailings  dump  near  Deadwood  and  will  in- 
stall machinery  for  treating  the  same.   . 

Deadwood,  Sept.  13. 


The  Aurizone  M.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized to  develop  a  group  in  Bear  Butte  dis- 
trict. 7  miles  from  Deadwood,  west  of  the 
G  It  Edge-Maid  mine,  above  Galena  The 
ground  owned  by  the  company  covers 
200  acres,  and  development  work  amounts 
to  1200  feet,  in  open  cuts,  tunnels  and 
shafts.  The  directors  are  H.  R.  Luther, 
W.  F.  Hanley,  N.  H.  Conger,  A.  T.  Feay, 
C.  Von  Woehrmann,  J.  B.  Safford,  W.  F. 
Towner,  S.  McBratney  and  R.  T.  Perli. 
H.  R.  Luther  of  Chicago,  111.,  is  president. 

A  bond  has  been  taken  on  a  tract  of 
mining  property  in  Ida  Grey  district  by 
H.  J.  Mayham,  of  Denver,  Colo.,  and  W. 
Sauntry,  of  Stllwater,  Minn.,  including 
the  Golden  Wedge  group  of  claims,  and 
the  HarrlBOn,  Ella  No  1  and  Hennlger 
lode  claims,  between  the  Penobscott 
group  and  Kicking  Horse  and  Golden 
Gate  group,  5  miles  from  Deadwood.  De- 
velopment work  will  be  started  this 
month. 

PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 

The  Sunbeam  M.  Co.  has  fifty  men  at 
work  on  Friday  gulch,  near  Hill  City,  in 
development  work  on  the  mine  and  the 
construction  of  a  20-stamp  mill.  At  pres- 
ent but  ten  stamps  will  be  set  up,  though 
the  building  and  the  power  plant  will  ac- 
commodate twenty  stamps. 

UTAH. 

IRON  COUNTY. 
The  cyanide  plant  of  the  mill  at  the 
Johnny  mine  at  Stateline  will  be  enlarged. 
A  compressor  plant  has  been  set  up  and 
machine  drills  will  be  put  to  work  under- 
ground. W.  J.  Halloran,  D.  Clift,  F. 
Wilson  et  al,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  are  own- 
ers. 

JUAB   COUNTY. 

The  stamps  at  the  Queen  of  Sheba  mill 
in  the  Deep  Creek  country,  near  Ibapah, 
are  reported  to  have  been  indefinitely 
hung  up.  No  reason  Is  given  out  by 
Manager  Lawler.  It  is  said  the  Midas 
mill  will  not  be  started  up  till  next  Bpring 
when  the  company  will  put  in  a  pipe  line 
to  provide  it  with  a  permanent  supply  of 
water.  Meanwhile  work  under  ground 
will  be  continued. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

On  the  Holland  group  of  claims,  owned 
by  W.  F.  Snyder  et  al.  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
work  will  be  resumed.  The  property  1b 
on  Gold  mountain,  near  Marysvale.  The 
tunnel,  started  some  years  ago  for  the 
main  ore  channel,  is  In  1300  feet  and  will 
be  driven  600  feet  farther. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

J.  J.  McDonald,  local  manager  of  the 
Utah  C.  Co.  (Wall-De  Lamar)  mines,  at 
Bingham,  says  a  double-track  tunnel  will 
be  driven  into  west  ridge  of  main  canyon 
above  the  Copper  Belt  crossing,  starting 
in  D.  Macintosh  or  C.  Read  ground.  As 
the  ore  (mineralized  porphyry)  Is  to  be 
quarried  at  but  a  short  distance  from  the 
surface,  an  opening  capable  of  yielding 
500  tons  a  day  can  readily  be  made. 

The  Native  Copper  claims  at  Alta  have 
been  leased  for  two  years  and  bonded  for 
$50,000  to  A.  O.  JacobBOn,  manager  of  the 
Columbus  M.  Co.  The  property  includes 
three  full  claims  a  quarter  of  a  mile  south- 
west of  the  Columbus  mine  It  has  pro- 
duced some  copper,  silver  and  gold,  and 
1500  feet  of  development  work  haB  been 
done.  The  entrance  to  the  mine  is  through 
a  tunnel,  from  which  drifts,  raises  and 
winzes  extend.  The  beat  values  are  in  a 
llme-quartzite  contact,  says  the  Tribune. 
Jacobson  has  men  to  work  in  stoping  and 
developing.  He  has  secured  options  on 
some  of  the  adjoining  claims. 

The  bucket  tramway  of  the  United 
States  C.  Co.  at  Bingham  was  "hung  up" 
last  week,  due  to  breaking  of  a  coupling 
on  main  carrying  cable.  It  has  been  re- 
spliced  and  necesBary  repairs  made.  The 
line  transports  an  average  of  400  tons  of 
ore  daily. 

A  machine  shop  is  being  built  at  the 
Utah  C.  Co.  concentrator  near  Bingham 
and  will  be  equipped  with  lathes,  drills 
and  other  tools. 

To  operate  the  Frida  and  Papea  claims, 
on  East  ridge,  near  Bingham,  the  Little 
Eddie  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.  has  been  Incor- 
porated by  E.  McCarrick,  A.  H.  Page, 
J.  McCarrick,  C.  J.  McNitt  and  H.  Lowe. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

President  Treweek  says  they  will  re- 
sume Blnklng  at  the  Wabash  mine  at 
Park  City.  The  shaft  is  to  be  continued 
to  the  1000-foot  level  from  the  600-foot 
point. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 

The  report  of  Superintendent  Raddatz, 
of  the  Honorlne  mine,  at  Stockton,  for 
the  month  of  August  shows  1100  feet  of 
ground  penetrated,  the  greater  portion 
being  that  through  which  the  tunnel  is 
driving.  On  the  300  ton  concentrator 
work  is  progressing,  and  the  plant  is  ex- 
pected to  be  ready  for  operations  in  No- 
vember. 


WASHINGTON. 

CHELAN    COUNTY. 

A.  J.  Campbell  of  Sausal  to,  Cal.,  for 
Butte,  Mont,  parties  is  reported  to  have 
bonded  the  Grand  View  copper  claims, 
near  Wenatchee.  The  bond  is  for  $20,0CO 
for  two  years. 

FERRY  COUNTY. 

Operations  were  started  this  week  at 
the  First  Thought  mine,  near  Orient, 
says  the  Northport  News,  arrangements 
having  been  made  with  the  Northport 
smelter  for  treating  the  ore.  The  man- 
ager of  the  First  Thought  says  fifty  tons 
of  ore  a  day  will  be  shipped  at  the  start, 
and  gradually  increased.  The  ore  aver- 
ages $25  in  gold  per  ton.  P.  Burns  Is 
principal  owner. 

C.  Hornsberg  of  Seattle,  president  of 
the  Blue  Bell  mine  on  Sophie  mountain, 
near  Northport,  reports  closing  a  deal  for 
six  adjoining  claims.  The  group  is  on  the 
summit  of  the  mountain,  along  the  inter- 
national boundary  line,  and  the  Velvet 
mine  adjoins  the  boundary  line  on  the 
Canadian  side,  opposite  this  group. 
OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

The  Prize  M.  Co.  of  Seattle,  owning  a 
group  of  twenty-two  claims  on  southeast 
side  of  Mount  Elemeham,  9  miles  north  of 
Loomis  and  J  mile  north  of  Palmer  lake, 
has  arranged*  to  build  an  electrical  ohlori- 
natlon  mill,  having  secured  a  water  right 
and  233  acres  of  land  on  the  lake  shore  for 
a  mlllslte.  The  mill  will  have  a  capacity 
of  twenty  tons  per  day.  The  principal 
ore  Bhowings  on  the  Prize  group  are  on 
the  Mollie  Gibson,  the  Lakeview  and  the 
Contact  cla'ms,  and  carry  gold,  silver  and 
copper.  The  mine  is  opened  by  two  tun- 
nels, a  shaft,  raises  and  winzes,  but  no 
connections  have  been  made  between  the 
leads.  All  of  the  openings  are  In  ore.  H. 
E.  Dunham  Is  manager. 

STEVENS  COUNTY. 

Near  Ryan,  machinery  from  the  Ex- 
aminer mine  Is  being  transferred  to  the 
Minorca  plant,  says  Manager  L  L.  Tower 
of  the  Minorca  mine,  Including  pump,  en- 
gine, hoist,  boiler  and  all  attachments. 
He  will  get  out  ore  for  shipment. 

Operations  at  the  American  Onyx  & 
Marble  Co. 's  property,  near  Ryan,  are 
under  way,  with  the  channeler  at  work, 
says  H.  P.  Scheel  of  Spokane,  manager. 
H.  H.  Martin  is  superintendent. 

WYOMING. 

LARAMIE  COUNTY. 
O.  E.  Tisch  and  D.  D.  Wallace  report 
finding  placer  ground  within  a  mile  of  the 
irrigation  tunnel  of  the  Wyoming  Devel- 
opment Co.,  near  Wheatland,  and  that  it 
is  their  intention  to  take  water  from  tile 
Laramie  river  above  the  discovery  to 
wash  out  the  gold  by  hydraulicking. 

SWEETWATER  COUNTY. 
An  18-inch  seam  of  anthracite  has  been 
developed  in  the  coal  body  near  Thayer, 
owned  by  the  Union  Pacific,  says  the 
News.  The  Union  Pacific  la  preparing  to 
lay  a  line  to  the  field  and  will  open  up  at 
leaat  one  mine. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

ORANGE   RIVER   COLONY. 

The  Koflyfontein  diamond  minea  report 
1930  carats  recovered  during  month  of 
August. 

WEST    AFRICA. 

Manager  Wileinan  of  the  Con.  Gold- 
fields  of  the  Ivory  Coast  at  Grand  Bassam 
reports  a  new  reef  350  yards  from  Aman- 
gara,  the  outcrop  Bhowing  6  feet  wide, 
and  carrying  gold  values. 

AUSTRALIA. 

NEW  SOUTH  WALES. 

Cootamundra  reports  state  that  W. 
Little,  who  has  been  prospecting  for  tin 
on  Cucumbla  station,  near  Cootamundra, 
has  found  silver. 

Water  trains  are  being  run  from  Ade- 
laide to  Broken  Hill.  An  agreement  has 
been  entered  into  between  the  Govern- 
ments of  New  South  Wales  and  South 
Australia  whereby  the  latter  is  to  supply 
800,000  gallons  of  water  per  week.  This 
will  enable  the  mines  to  keep  three- 
quarters  of  their  ordinary  average  force 
at  work.  The  South  Australian  Govern- 
ment has  agreed  to  provide  the  specified 
quantity  weekly  at  12s  6d  per  truck  of  1200 
gallons,  which  ia  equal  to  10s  per  1000 
gallons  delivered  at  Cockburn,  where  the 
Silverton  Tramway  Co.  undertakes  Its 
further  transportation. 

The  Mining  Warden  at  Walgett  re- 
ports to  the  Department  of  Mines  a  dis- 
covery of  predouB  opal  near  Walgett. 
There  are  fifty  minora  at  work  mining  for 
opal;  the  deepest  shaft  1b  down  35  feet. 
The  opal  occurs  in  the  desert  sandstone 
formation,  as  at  White  Cliffs.  The  extent 
of  the  find  has  not  yet  been  ascertained - 
A  number  of  companies  are  bein  g  organ 


191 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


ized  in  New  England  district  and  in  Syd- 
ney to  Bend  prospectors  to  the  field. 

At  Stanwell  Park,  a  diamond  bore  put 
down  on  the  South  Coast  coal  field  has 
struck  the  Bulli  seam  and  shows  it  to  be  6 
feet  thick  and  the  coal  of  good  quality. 
The  company  owning  the  ground  will  ar- 
range to  open  up  a  colliery. 

At  Broken  Hill  mining  and  metallurgi- 
cal operations  have  been  partially  re- 
stricted by  the  lack  of  water  this  season, 
but  a  heavy  rainfall  on  August  31st  is  re- 
ported to  have  replenished  the  Broken 
Hill  Water  Supply,  Ltd,  reservoirs  to 
the  extent  of  98,000,000  gallons. 

QUEEENSLAND 

During  the  seventeen  years  that  the 
Mount  Morgan  M.  Co.  at  Morgan  has 
been  in  existence  the  mine  has  turned  out 
eighty  tons  of  gold,  worth  about  £10,600,- 
000,  and  the  dividends  paid  by  the  com- 
pany have  totalled  £6,229,166. 

In  the  central  mining  districts  one  of 
the  drawbacks  to  miners  and  prospectors 
has  been  a  lack  of  local  smelting  works 
for  treatment  of  refractory  ores.  The 
nearest  works  have  been  at  Aldershot, 
but  cost  of  transportation  is  high.  The 
Mount  Morgan  G.  M.  Co.  will  build  a 
smelter  at  their  works,  not  only  for  their 
own  use,  but  for  outside  mining  opera- 
tions. They  have  a  considerable  amount 
of  metal  for  the  smelter,  but  not  enough 
to  keep  it  in  full  operation. 

SOUTH  AUSTRALIA. 

The  water  right  and  electric  power 
plant  of  the  Pioneer-Lynn  M.  Co.  has 
been  sold  to  the  International  M  &  S  Co., 
owners  of  the  Southern  Cross  and  other 
quartz  properties  near  Euchre  Bar,  7 
miles  from  Towle,  for  $7500  cash  and 
stock.  The  sale  includes  a  water  right  of 
3000  inches,  dam,  flume,  power  house,  350 
H  P.  turbine  wheel,  electric  plant  with 
complete  equipment. 

VICTORIA 
The  New  Chum  Railway  mine  at  Ben- 
dlgO  has  what  appears  to  be  the  west  leg 
of  an  inverted  saddle  formation  in  the 
bottom  of  the  shaft  at  3866  feet,  says  the 
Journal.  The  ore  Is  9  inches  wide.  They 
intend  to  sink  further  in  the  hope  that  as 
they  go  down  the  ore  body  will  enlarge. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

At  Menzles,  in  North  Kalgoorlie,  the 
directors  of  the  Queensland  Menzles  mine 
have  decided  to  replace  the  old  ten  head 
of  stamps  by  a  new  set.  Each  stamp  will 
weigh  1250  pounds.  The  additions  to  the 
plant  are  expected  to  be  ready  for  opera- 
tion by  December  1st.  A  contract  has 
been  let  to  sink  the  Queensland  Menzles 
shaft  a  farther  distance  of  80  feet,  making 
a  total  vertical  depth  of  526  feet. 

The  Great  Boulder  mine  at  Kalgoorlie 
is  making  preparations  to  put  in  a  new 
hoisting  plant  at  the  main  shaft,  capable 
of  hauling  ore  from  a  vertical  depth  of 
3000  feet.  It  is  also  proposed  to  install  a 
heavier  haulage  gear  at  Edward's  shaft 
and  build  an  electric  power  plant. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 

The  Granby  M.  Co.'s  smelter  at  Grand 
Porks,  which  was  closed  down  for  a  week 
to  permit  of  the  blowers  being  connected 
with  the  new  furnaces,  resumed  opera- 
tions on  the  9th  inst.,  when  two  furnaces 
were  blown  In. 

A  company  with  W.  T.  Hunter  of 
Greenwood  as  manager  has  bought  the 
Jack  Pot  fraction  adjoining  the  Athelstan 
mine,  Wellington  camp,  for  $15,000.  The 
same  company  Is  operating  the  Athelstan 
mine  on  a  bond,  and  making  daily  ship- 
ments of  fifty-five  tons  of  ore  that  aver- 
ages $9  per  ton. 

The  amalgamation  is  reported  of  the 
British  Columbia  C.  Co.  and  the  Snow- 
shoe  G.  &  C.  Co.,  operating  near  Green- 
wood. A.  J.  McMillan  at  Eossland  Is  man- 
aging director  of  the  Snowshoe. 

EAST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

There  have  been  sixty  men  engaged  in 
placer  mining  on  Wild  Horse  creek,  near 
Fort  Steele,  this  summer,  says  the  Pros- 
pector. 

The  Thompson  M.  Co.,  on  Wild  Horse 
creek,  near  Port  Steele,  has  begun  clean- 
ing up  after  the  rainy  season,  and  reports 
a  large  bed  of  paying  gravel  having  been 
worked  this  summer. 

The  fear  that  the  Canadian  smelters 
would  seek  to  secure  to  themselves  a 
share  of  the  bounty  on  lead  granted  by 
the  federal  government  for  the  relief  of 
producers  in  the  Kootenays  has  been  re- 
alized In  the  case  of  the  St.  Eugene  silver- 
lead  mine  at  Moyie.  Director  J.  C. 
Drewry  BayB  they  cannot  at  the  present 
time  secure  a  rate  of  freight  and  treat- 
ment from  the  smelting  works  at  Trail 
within  $3  of  the  figure  quoted  by  the 
smelter  for  St.  Eugene  ores  in  March  last. 
Drewry  says  under  these  conditions  the 
St.  Eugene  will  never  operate. 
ROSSLAND   DISTRICT. 

The  O.  K  mill,  near  Rossland,  started 
stamping  ore  from  the  I  X  L.  mine  on  the 


2d  Inst.  The  I  X.  L.  has  been  leased  by  G. 
Pringle  and  W.  Craven,  who  will  mill  the 
tonnage  collected  on  the  dump  during  the 
early  days  when  higher  grade  ore  only 
was  shipped. 

VANCOUVER  ISLAND. 

After  the  settlement  of  the  strike,  Cum- 
berland is  resuming  Its  normal  appear- 
ance, and  a  number  of  men  have  gone  to 
work  on  the  company's  terms,  having 
been  idle  since  May  2nd,  says  the  Boss- 
land  Miner.  A  few  men,  principally  offi- 
cers of  the  Western  Federation  of  Miners, 
have  left  town.  The  miners  who  have 
started  to  work  have  all  signed  a  contract 
binding  them  for  two  years,  though  they 
can  leave  at  any  time,  except  for  the  pur- 
pose of  causing  a  strike  or  similar  cessa- 
tion of  work. 

The  foreign  shipments  of  coal  from  the 
Western  Fuel  Co.'s  collieries  at  Nanaimo 
for  the  month  of  August  amounted  to  a 
total  of  17,996  tons. 

It  Is  reported  the  strike  at  the  Van 
Anda  mines  has  been  settled,  the  men 
having  returned  to  work.  Manager 
Vaughan-Rhys  agreed  to  recognize  the 
union,  but  reserves  the  right  to  engage 
union  or  non-union  men  as  he  sees  fit. 
The  union  withdrew  its  demand  for  a 
nine-hour  day  for  carpenters  and  black- 
smiths, and  there  is  no  increase  in  pay. 

The  men  at  the  Marble  Bay  mines  on 

Texada  island  have  resumed  work  under 
the  former  conditions. 

KLONDIKE. 

The  Poverty  Bar  mining  ground  near 
Dawson  has  been  sold  to  a  company  of 
Dawson  men.  It  Is  claimed  $2,000,000 
have  been  taken  out  since  opening  up  in 
the  summer  of  1897. 

Official  figures  from  the  Territorial 
comptroller's  office  at  Dawson  shows  that 
the  gold  shipments  from  Klondike  for  the 
present  season  are  $300,000  less  to  date 
than  up  to  same  date  last  season,  says  the 
Alaska  Dispatch — this,  too,  showing  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  the  creeks  have  all 
been  dry  and  a  shortage  of  water  has  ex- 
isted this  season.  The  shipments  from 
Dawson  this  year  are  shown  to  be  as  fol- 
lows: 

May $173,781 

June 3,321480 

July 2,015,586 

The  shipments  from  Whitehorse  this 
year  were  $246  in  May,  and  $2370  In  June; 
and  the  shipments  from  Fortymile  amount- 
ed to  $1082  in  June,  with  no  report  for  July. 
Gold  shipments  made  from  Dawson  last 
season  for  the  first  three  months  were  as 
follows: 

May $19, 890 

June 3,550,324 

July 2,313,130 

The  gold  shipments  from  Whitehorse  for 
June  of  1902  amounted  to  $1880,  and  from 
Fortymile  $4652. 

NEW   ZEALAND. 

Wellington  reports  the  gold  output  of 
New  Zealand  during  month  of  August 
amounted  to  30,074  ounces,  valued  at 
£110,572,  as  against  35,609  ounces,  valued 
at  £137,456,  for  August,  1902. 

MEXICO. 

The  Treasury  Department  of  Mexico 
has  issued  a  statement  showing  the  for- 
eign commerce  of  that  country  for  eleven 
months,  from  July  to  May,  for  the  years 
1901-2  and  1902-3,  which  Includes  the  fol- 
lowing mineral  exports  (gold  valuation): 
1902-3.  1901-2. 

Gold* $12  688  453  13      $8,566,712  54 

Silverf 72,672.515  79      55,500,035  47 

Copper....     17,331,873  04      15,555,480  87 

Lead 5,273,54105        5,242,175  30 

Other  min- 
erals          997,640  95  408,854  25 

Total . . .  .$108,964,023  96    $85,273,258  43 
Mexican  and  foreign  coin  and  bar  gold. 

fMexican  and  foreign  coin  and  bar  sil- 
ver. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

Nickel  is  reported  found  in  J.  A.  Creel's 
copper  mine  at  Terrazas  camp.  Between 
3%  and  4%  nickel  is  found  in  some  of  the 
matte. 

The  Guggenheim  Exploration  Co.  is  de- 
veloping the  Jlbosa  mine,  3  miles  south  of 
Dolores  station  on  the  Mexican  Central, 
says  C.  M.  Sewell,  superintendent.  Reg- 
ular ore  shipments  are  going  out. 

The  Mexican  M.  &  Ex.  (Jo.  has  options 
on  all  the  apex  properties  on  the  Veta 
Colorado  north  of  the  Los  Remedlos  mine 
In  Parral  district,  for  4  kilometers,  says 
the  Chihuahua  Enterprise. 

H.  H.  Cohen  of  London,  Eng.,  and  Los 
Angeles,  Cal ,  has  secured  options  on  sev- 
eral blocks  of  mineral-bearing  ground  in 
Santa  Eulalla  camp  and  will  put  in  dia- 
mond drills  and  other  machinery. 

There  are  three  diamond  drill  outfits  in 
Parral  camp;  one  is  operating  on  the  Ter- 
renates  mine,  one  on  the  Esperanza,  be- 
longing to  Chihuahua  men,  and  the  other 


on  the  La  Luz,  an  extension  of  the  Pal- 
mllia  mine.  The  last  mentioned  belongs 
to  the  Hidalgo  M.  Co.,  and  Is  under 
option  to  J.  F.  and  C.  B.  Flynn. 

D.  White  of  Chihuahua  and  J.  Duran, 
Jr.,  of  Parral  are  working  eighteen  men 
on  the  Donato  Guerra  and  the  Aguila 
mines,  in  Sierra  Ronces  Valles  section, 
near  Parral.  The  ores  are  copper  and 
silver  bearing. 

The  Dithridge-Burr  Ex.  Co.  is  develop- 
ing the  Vencedora  property,  6  miles  south 
of  Santa  Barbara.  The  ore  runs  one-half 
kilogram  in  silver  and  two  ounces  gold  to 
the  ton.  A  small  amount  Is  being 
shipped,  as  the  company  will  build  a  mill 
on  the  ground. 

COAHUILA. 

Manager  W.  H.  Watson  of  the  Cala- 
basas  mine,  at  Monclova  In  Cotana  dis- 
trict, says  additional  machinery  will  be 
put  in. 

DURANGO. 
Austin    &    Knotts    are    operating    the 
Anita  mine   and   mill   at    Guanacevi  on 
lease. 

JALISCO. 

At  Ameca,  Las  Moras  M.  Co.  is  prepar- 
ing to  put  in  a  concentrating  plant. 
LOWER    CALIFORNIA. 

It  is  reported  a  smelter  will  be  built  at 
San  Quentln.  The  Pyne  Smelter  Co.  of 
Alameda,  Cal.,  has  bought  the  Luciana 
group  of  claims  near  Uriana,  and  the  Es- 
meralda group  has  been  sold  to  Burns  & 
Co.  of  British  Columbia.  On  the  gulf 
side  of  the  peninsula  are  the  Santa  Rosalia 
mines,  operated  by  the  Boleo  M.  Co  ,  and 
employing  5000  men 

NUEVO  LEON. 
The  San  Carlos  mines  at  San  Jose,  E.  P. 
Self,  manager,  has  completed  its  ore  line 
between  the  mine  and  the  smelter,  says 
the  Enterprise,  and  the  line  between  Li- 
nares and  San  Jose  will  be  started  this 
month.  The  entire  works  of  the  mines 
are  being  overhauled  and  repaired. 
SAN  LUIS  POTOSI. 

The  smelter  at  San  Luis  Potosi  is  in 
full  operation,  producing  two  cars  of  lead 
and  copper  bullion  per  week.  Several 
furnaces  are  undergoing  repairs,  as  they 
were  frozen  up  during  the  late  strike. 

SONORA. 

The  Yerkes  M.  Co.,  J.  C.  Underwood, 
manager,  has  resumed  operations  on  its 
gold  properties  at  El  Cajon  de  Amarlllas, 
In  Altar  district,  after  a  temporary  shut 
down. 

The  Esmeralda  mine,  15  miles  east  of 
Cos,  has  been  sold  to  Eastern  men,  says 
Manager  C.  Scott,  for  $60,000.  Develop- 
ment work  will  be  Increased. 

The  Greene  Con.  C.  Co.,  at  Cananea,  is 
preparing  to  build  another  concentrator. 
It  will  be  built  above  the  present  mill,  and 
will  have  a  capacity  of  1000  tons  per  day, 
whereas  the  old  concentrator  has  a  ca- 
pacity of  800  tons. 

At  Tabutano,  the  Sonora  M.  &  M.  Co. 
proposes  to  put  in  additional  machinery 
at  its  mines,  to  the  extent  of  $100,000. 

The  Sonora  Placer  M.  Co.  is  reported 
to  have  bought  the  Mara  villas  mine  for 
$200,000.  A.  W.  Tennant  is  manager  of 
the  Sonora  Placer  M.  Co.  The  Maravillas 
is  near  the  Arizona  line,  20  mileB  from 
Nogales  and  4  mileB  from  Washington 
camp  in  the  Huachucas.  Development 
machinery  will  be  put  in. 


?f>  *********  *  **********  *****% 

I        PERSONAL.        I 

■St  i- 

H.  A.  Bradley  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

I.  A.  Cammett  of  Denver,  Colo.,  has 
returned  there  from  Lead,  S.  D. 

M.  CULLEN  is  superintendent  of  the 
Keyes  mine,  near  Virginia  City,  Nev. 

W.  O.  Manson  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

H  C.  Brougher,  Interested  in  Tono- 
pah,  Nev.,  mines,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  F.  Wilkinson  of  Mount  Bullion, 
Mariposa  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

H.  Murray,  interested  in  mines  near 
Cisco,  Placer  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

F.  Rutherford  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  from  Agua  Galiente,  Mex.,  on  min- 
ing business. 

T.  Spellacy,  interested  in  the  oil 
fields  near  Bakersfield,  Cal ,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  C.  Voorhies,  owner  of  the  Sutter 
Creek,  Cal.,  Reduction  Works,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  H.  Hubbard,  of  Sumpter,  Or.,  Is 
manager  of  the  Dewey  mine  in  Greenhorn 
district,  Oregon. 


F.  W.  Bradley  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  the  Oneida  mine, 
Amador  Co.,  Cal. 

N.  B  Knox  has  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  from  an  examination  of  mines 
near  Carson  City,  Nev. 

After  examination  in  Yavapai  county, 
Arizona,  W.  E.  Defty  has  gone  to  Mexico 
to  remain  until  October. 

A.  B.  Cousin  of  Portland,  Or.,  is  man- 
ager of  the  Galice  Con.  M.  Co.,  operating 
in  Josephine  county,  Or. 

H.  H.  Cohen  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal,  is  at 
his  mines  at  Santa  Eulalla,  Chihuahua, 
Mex.,  from  El  Paso,  Tex. 

A.  H.  Elftman  of  Silverton,  Colo.,  at- 
tended the  American  Mining  Congress  in 
Deadwood  and  Lead,  S.  D. 

R.  C.  Sfecht,  assistant  superintendent 
of  the  Sheep  Ranch  mine  at  Sheep  Ranch, 
Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

L.  H.  Carver  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  an  examination  of 

mines  in  Siskiyou  county,  Cal. 

V.  G.  Hills,  M.  E  ,  Cripple  Creek, 
Colo.,  was  a  visitor  to  the  Black  Hills,  S. 
D.,  during  the  Mining  Congress. 

A.  D.  Jones  of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo  , 
is  president  of  the  Pharmacist  G.  M.  Co., 
operating  at  Cripple  Creek,  Colo. 

C.  Chamberlain  is  acting  manager  of 
the  Stratton  estate's  properties  at  Cripple 
Creek,  Colo.,  vice  W.  G.  Rice,  deceased. 

L.  A.  Hammond  of  D  nver,  Colo.,  man- 
ager of  the  Crocker-Wheeler  Co,  has 
returned  to  Denver  from  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

J.  F.  McCambridqe,  superintendent  of 
the  Boston  Tonopah  mine  at  Tonopab, 
Nev.,  is  visiting  in  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania. 

E.  C.  Englehardt  has  returned  to 
Denver,  Colo.,  after  a  seven  months'  pro- 
fessional visit  to  Arizona   and  California. 

J.  M.  Burnell.  of  Denver,  Colo.,  has 
returned  via  San  Francisco  from  examin- 
ing placer  mines  in  Bolivia,  South  Amer- 
ica. 

W.  J.  Rule,  of  Sonora,  superintendent 
of  the  Belle  mine,  near  Tuttletown,  Tuol- 
umne county,  Cal.,  Is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

Horace  F.  Brown  of  San  Franciscoi 
Cal ,  has  gone  to  Cape  Breton,  N.  S.,  to 
examine  some  coal  and  iron  properties 
there. 

R.  F.  Carr,  vice-president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Dearborn  Drug  and  Chem- 
ical Co.,  has  returned  from  Colorado  to 
Chicago. 

A.  J.  McMillan,  managing  director 
of  the  Le  Rol  C.  Co.  and  the  Snowshoe 
M.  Co.  of  Rossland,  B.  O,  is  in  New  York 
on  business. 

S.  Green  of  Denver,  Colo.,  represent- 
ing the  American  Steel  &  Wire  Co.,  is  in 
the  Black  Hills,  S.  D.,  in  the  interest  of 
his  company. 

J.  L.  Bryson,  of  San  FranciBCO,  haB 
gone  to  the  Yuba  mine,  near  Washington, 
Nevada  county,  Cal ,  to  take  charge  of 
the  property. 

A.  A.  Blow,  consulting  engineer  of  the 
Australian  S.  &  R.  Co.,  of  London,  Eng., 
is  In  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  en  route  to  Syd- 
ney, N.  S.  W. 

W.  Babcock,  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
manager  of  the  New  York  Giant  M.  Co., 
of  Deep  Creek  district,  Utah,  is  in  the 
East  on  business. 

A.  E.  Davis  of  Chicago,  111.,  interested 
In  cyaniding  at  the  Young  America  mine 
at  Sierra  City,  Cal. ,  Is  In  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  on  business. 

F.  C.  Cooley,  representative  of  the 
General  Chemical  Co.,  Chicago,  111 ,  was  a 
delegate  to  the  Mining  Congress  at  Dead- 
wood  and  Lead,  S.  D. 

C.  O.  MOLSON,  resident  representative 
at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  of  the  London 
Exploration  Co.,  has  gone  to  look  over  its 
interests  in  South  Africa. 

Joseph  MacDonald,  general  superin- 
tendent of  the  Alaska-Tread  well,  Alaska- 
Mexican  et  al.  mines  on  Douglas  island, 
Alaska,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Robert  Sibley  of  Berkeley,  Cal.,  has 
been  appointed  professor  of  mechanical 
and  electrical  engineering  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Montana  at  Missoula,  Mont. 

H.  J.  Daly,  of  the  Con.  Mines  Selection 
Co.,  Ltd.,  of  London,  England,  is  in  Col- 
orado from  Kalgoorlie,  Western  Austra- 
lia, and  will  go  to  London  next  week. 

M.  H.  McLean  of  the  Detroit  Copper 
Co.,  Morenci,  Ariz  ,  has  returned  there 
from  the  Black  Hills,  S.  D.,  after  obser- 
vation of  the  mining  methods  employed 
there. 

A.  F.  Hazeltine,  formerly  superin- 
tendent of  the  concentrator   at   La  Cana- 


September  19,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


195 


Dea,  has  gone  to  Sinaloa,  Mexico,  as 
superintendent  of  tbeZaragoesa  mines  and 
mill. 

J.  A.  Underwood,  former  superin- 
tendent of  tbe  Cariea  M.  Co.'s  mines,  Tin- 
tic  district,  Utah,  Is  superintendent  of  tbe 
Carey-Coleman  gold  mines  In  Choix  dis- 
trict, Mexico. 

W.  A.  Clark,  of  Butte,  Mont.,  princi- 
pal owner  of  the  United  Verde  C.  Co  ,  at 
Jerome,  Ariz  ,  Is  president  of  the  National 
Irrigation  Congress  convening  this  week 
at  Ogden,  Utah. 

J.  M.  HUTCHINS,  of  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  Interested  In  the  Josephine  mine 
In  Kern  county,  Cal.,  and  In  Bohemia  and 
St.  Helens  district  mines  In  Oregon,  has 
removed  to  Portland,  Ore. 

W.  Bayley  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  presi- 
dent of  the  Copper  Belt  Railway  and  a 
director  In  the  Bingham  Con.  M.  Co.  of 
Bingham,  Utah,  has  returned  from  a  trip 
East,  stopping  In  Utah  en  route. 

G.  A.  Koeniu,  professor  of  chemistry 
and  metallurgy  of  the  Michigan  College 
of  Mines  at  Houghton,  Mich  ,  returned 
last  week  from  an  extended  visit  to  the 
Warren  district,  near  Blsbee,  Ariz. 

J.  J.  McDonald,  having  resigned  as 
superintendent  of  the  Commercial  (Bing- 
ham Con  )  mine,  will  on  October  1st  as- 
sume local  management  of  the  Utah  C. 
Co.'s  (Wall-De  Lamar)  mines  at  Bingham, 
Utah. 

O.  C.  ZlNNS  has  resigned  as  assistant 
superintendent  of  the  Zublate  M.  Co., 
near  La  Colorada,  Sonora,  Mex  ,  and  has 
gone  to  Greenville,  Plumas  county,  Cal., 
as  mill  superintendent  of  the  Plumas 
G.  M.  Co. 


«. 
Obituary.  * 

*  **•++*'**•*'*••»•.>  *  *4>4"F>*  'T-  *  •l""T"****S 

D.  SWEENEY,  a  pioneer  miner  of  Shasta 
county,  Cal.,  died  at  Red  Bluff,  Cal.,  on 
the  10th  inst.,  from  a  general  breaking 
down  due  to  old  age.  Deceased  was  86 
years  of  age,  and  a  native  of  Ireland,  com- 
ing to  California  from  Massachusetts  in 
1856.  He  is  survived  by  two  sons  and  two 
daughters. 

W.  G.  Rice,  who  has  been  general 
manager  of  the  Stratton  estate  proper- 
ties at  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  for  the  paBt 
two  years,  died  at  Colorado  Springs,  Colo., 
Sept.  13,  after  a  protracted  illness  due  to 
cancer  of  the  stomach.  Deceased  was  a 
native  of  Keokuk,  Iowa.  50  years  of  age, 
and  was  for  a  number  of  years  connected 
with  the  Denver  &  Rio  Grande  Railroad 
Co.  He  is  survived  by  a  widow,  son  and 
daughter. 

»  I************************** 

| Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  ». 

***'T"r"f"T"T"(i-r-'T->T"ii*r''r"T-'r->ii'r-*r-'r-'i"M'- •",--!-« 

The  G.  W.  Price  Pump  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  will  open  new  offices  at 
521-523  Market  street  after  Sept.  20,  1903. 

The  Burt  Mfg.  Co.,  Akron,  Ohio,  re- 
cently shipped  two  15  Inch  and  one  12-inch 
Burt  exhaust  heads  to  the  American  Steel 
&  Wire  Co  ,  Worcester,  Mass. 

Francis  Smith  &  Co.,  No.  83  Fre- 
mont street,  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  are  re- 
building their  shops,  destroyed  by  fire  on 
the  17th  inst,  and  announce  that  they 
are  still  prepared  to  receive  orders  for 
sheet  iron  and  steel  pipe  for  hydraulic, 
Irrigation  and  power  plants,  well  pipe,  etc. 

The  New  York  offices  of  the  sales  or- 
ganization of  the  Westlnghouse  Electric 
&  Manufacturing  Co  ,  consisting  of  the 
New  York  Sales  Department,  Department 
"I,"  the  Export  Department  and  the 
General  Agent's  office,  have  been  removed 
to  the  new  Hanover  Bank  Building,  cor- 
ner of  Nassau  and  Pine  Streets.  The 
mall  address  of  tbe  several  departments 
of  the  Sales  Organization  in  New  York 
will  be  No.  11  Pine  Street.  The  telephone 
number,  6131  Cortlandt,  remains  un- 
changed.    

*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received,     f 

*  «■ 

Catalogue  No.  12  of  the  Foos  Gas  En- 
gine Co.,  Springfield,  Ohio,  with  illumi- 
nated cover  and  full-page  engravings, 
gives  good  showing  of  their  several  makes 
of  gas  and  gasoline  engines. 

Catalogue  H  of  the  Burger  gas  and 
gasoline  engines  manufactured  by  the 
Woolley  Foundry  &  Machine  Works,  An- 
derson, Indiana,  gives  detailed  illustrated 
description  of  the  several  parts  of  the  ma- 
chine and  how  it  is  put  together. 


New  Patents. 

Dbwey.  Sthoho  &  CO.'S  SCIINTlriC  Pbbss 
Patsnt  Agjncy,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P..  has  offlolal 
reports  of  tbe  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors: 

TOR  TUB  WEEK  ENDING  SEPTBMBEH  8,  1903. 

738.595.— Mooring  Scows— J.  Avers.  Portland  Or 

738,394  —Wooden  Stave  Pipe— a.  Bannister  Ala- 
meda, Cat. 

738.517  — Fillinc  Teeth— R.  K.  Beldcn.  S.  F 

7JB.4UO.— Life  Hakt-B   W   Booker.  Bfrkelev.  Cal 

738.62II.-TOOL  Tdhiiet  —  O.  L.  Bralnard,  Verdi' 
Nov. 

738J03.— Electrovibhatory  apparatus— f  H 
Brown,  Los  Angeles,  Cal 

788,408.— Gravel  Washer  — J.  Q.  Camp,  Sacra- 
mento, Cal. 

738,291.— Gold  Saving  Device  — P.  h.  Carlvon 
Oljmpla,  Wash.  '     ' 

738,525.— Transmitter  —  J.  p.  Conway,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

738.aii.-u  ami  Edger    F.  W  Co' It.  Seattle,  Wash 

738, -116— Drilling  Enoine-J.  b.  Dumas,  Sonora' 
Cal. 

788,420.— Gas  Generator— W.  C.  Dillon,  Los  An- 
geles. Cal. 

788,498  —Try  SejOAHE— A.  Dully,  S.  F. 

738.423.— Molding  Flask  —  e.  G.  Durant  Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 

738,671 —Harrow-J.  F.   Fulkerson.Osnnrd    Cal 

788.316—  Phonogr-phs—E.  Gilbert.  Portland   Or. 

788.317—  PHONi graphs— E.  Gilbert,  Portland    Or 
788,611.— Pulley  Fastening  —  a.  w.  Hlgbt,  'Bal- 

Urd,  Wash. 

788  612 -BORING  Machine-E.  Hlpollto,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal 

738,686—Bottle— W.  E.  J<  bnson,  Hatton,  Wash 

738 455. -Blacking  Brush— e.  R.  lvlng,  East 
Oakland.  Cal 

738,6I5.-Saw  Set-P.  H.  L    Klette,  Bates.  Cal 

738.348.— Winch- J.  J.  McDonald,  Port  Madison, 
Wash. 

738,571.— Miner's  Candlestick— R  P.  Rasmus- 
sen,  Integral,  Cal. 

73«.361.— Harrow  —  G.  D.  Scblosser  Sunnyslde, 
Wash. 

738  635.-OIL  BuRNER-G.  W.  Slevert,  Los  Angeles. 
Cal. 

738,679.— Gas  Extinguisher— V.  A.  Strom,  Ala- 
mf  da,  Cal. 

738,603  —Pipe  Coupling-F.  R.  Waters,  Salem,  Or. 


Notice   of    Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Fountain  Blackifg  Brushes.— No.  738,455. 
Sept.  8,  1903.  E.  R.  King,  East  Oakland,  Cal. 
This  Invention  consists  in  the  construction  of  a 
two-part  bru^h  attached  to  a  reservoir  having  a 
controlled  valve  through  which  ihe  liquid  is 
allowed  to  flow  when  the  brush  Is  in  use  and 
which  is  closed  at  other  times.  In  conjunction 
with  this  is  a  cap  by  which  the  brush  is  enclosed 
when  not  in  use,  ar  d  the  brush  may  be  made  with 
a  screw  or  other  like  structure  adapted  to  receive 
a  removable  handle  This  handle  may  be  in  the 
form  of  a  bottle  or  cortaining  reservoir,  in  which 
the  blacking  or  liquid  may  be  placed  upon  the 
market  for  sale,  and  it  has  an  interlocking  con- 
nection which  when  the  cork  has  been  removed 
can  be  direot'y  connected  with  the  socket  of  the 
brush,  so  that  the  bottle  becomes  the  hand  e  of 
the  brush. 

Automatic  Gas  Extinguisher.  —  No.  738,570 
Sept.  8,  1903.  V.  A.  Strom,  Alameda,  Cal.  Three- 
fourths  assigned  to  C  E.  Strom.  E.  R.  Taber  and 
F.  H.  Farmer,  of  same  place.  This  Invention  con- 
sists of  a  di*k  located  in  the  path  of  the  heat 
rising  from  the  gas  flame  when  ignited  and  so 
contrived  that  the  hot  air  thus  rising  will  raise 
tbe  disk.  Connections  between  this  disk  and  a 
lever  which  actuates  the  gas-rock  are  so  disposed 
that  the  pas-cock  will  be  retained  open  while  the 
gas  remains  lighted  and  the  heat  rises,  but  if  by 
any  means  tbe  gas  should  become  extinguished 
the  weight  of  the  disk  is  sufficient,  when  not  acted 
upon  by  the  heat,  to  release  the  gas-cock  lever 
and  allow  it  to  be  automatically  closed  by  weight 
or  spring. 

Detachable  Life  Rafts  for  Ships  —No.  738,- 
400.  Sept.  8,  1903.  B.  W.  Booker,  Berkeley,  Cal. 
This  invention  relates  to  improvements  in  appa- 
ratus for  reso  ing  people  from  sinking  vessels, 
and  has  particular  reference  to  a  form  of  ship  con- 
struction whereby  a  portion  of  the  vessel  above 
the  water-line  may  be  detached  from  the  rest  of 
the  hull  In  case  of  disaster  or  wreck  at  sea  and 
made  to  serve  as  an  ark  of  refuge  for  the  sur- 
vivors. Tn  order  that  the  ark  may  not  be  dam- 
aged by  Are  in  case  of  the  burning  of  the  sh  p.  It 
may  be  covered  with  a  sheathing  of  metal,  asbes- 
tos or  other  suitable  fireproof  material.  Around 
the  top,  end  and  sides  of  the  ark  may  be  d  sposed 
a  series  of  air-tight  compartments,  whereby  the 
ark  when  afloat  will  be  maintained  always  in  up- 
right position 

Wooden  Stave  Pipes.  — No.  738,394.  Sept.  8, 
1903.  A.  Bannister,  Alameda,  Cal.  This  inven- 
tion consists  of  socket  pieces  Interposed  between 
tbe  abutting  ends  of  the  strips  which  form  the 
cont'nuous  staves  and  in  tbe  employment  of 
bands  or  metallic  strips  underlying  the  bands  by 
wh  ch  the  staves  are  held  together.  With  this 
construction  curves  can  be  produced,  and  a  struc- 
ture results  which  is  more  nearly  uniform  in 
strength  at  all  points  than  a  similar  structure  of 
riveted  metal. 

Drilling  Engines.— No.  738,416.  Sept.  8,  1903. 
J.  B.  Damas,  Sonora,  Cal.  This  Invention  consists 
of  a  cylinder  having  a  double-ended  piston  recip- 
rocating therein,  the  rod  of  said  piston  connect- 
ing at  one  end  with  the  drill  or  other  striking  de- 
vice, and  in  conjunction  therewith  of  a  valve  hav- 
ing pons  by  which  steam  is  admitted  alternately 
at  either  end  of  the  cylinder,  and  a  second  port 
and  pa- sage  connecting  with  the  cylinder  at  the 
rtar  end  and  serving  to  act  as  a  cushion  to  pre- 
vent the  piston  from  striking  tbe  rear  end  of  the 
cylinder.  In  conjunction  with  this  Is  a  tilting  or 
oscillating  fulcrumed  lever  pivoted  in  a  centrally 
disposed  chamber  and  having  its  lower  separated 
ends  so  disposed  with  relation  to  tbe  reduced  cen- 
tral tortion  of  the  piston  that  the  en'arged  heads 
of  the  piston  Berve  to  alternately  tilt  the  lever 
and  move  the  vave  at  the  instant  when  the  pis- 
ton arrives  at  either  end  of  its  stroke. 

Miners'  Candlesticks.— No.  738,571.  Sept.  8, 
1903.  R.  P.  Rasmussen,  Integral,  Cal.  This  In- 
vention relates  to  devices  by  which  a  candle  may 
be  supported  from  any  convenient  point  near  the 
work  to  be  done  In  underground  mines.  This  In- 
vention consists  in  a  spring  clamp  socket  for 
holding  the  candle  firmly,  with  a  means  for  open- 
ing it  and  a  means  for  suspending  said  socket 
from  a  handle,  so  that  in  whatever  position  the 
handle  may  be  placed  the  candle  will  always 
stand  vertical  and  will  burn  evenly. 


Latest    flarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  September  18,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  or.,  Troy:  London 
2>:  d  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  sliver.  57|o,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  57!c;  Mexican  dollars.  46c 
{u  47}c;  San  Francisco,  44  Jo  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.75;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13  75;  Elec- 
trolytic, 1  to  3  casks,  $13  62J@13  75; 
Casting,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.37};  San  Fran- 
cisco: $15  00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24o.  London:  £56  Is  spot 
per  ton. 

Notwithstanding  the  (act  that  most  of 
the  new  mines  are  operating  nearly  up  to 
their  full  capacity,  It  Is  stated  that  the 
total  output  for  the  year  on  the  Lake  is 
almost  certain  to  be  less  than  200,000,000 
pounds,  which  is  at  least  10,000,000  pounds 
below  what  was  considered  a  conservative 
estimate  six  months  ago. 

Following  are  the  figures  of  the  German 
consumption  of  foreign  copper  for  the 
months  January-July,  1903,  compared 
with  the  same  period  of  1902  and  1901,  in 
tons: 

1903.  1902  1901. 

Imports 49  263  47,765         38  842 

Exports 6,283  5,517  5,449 


Cons 'ption  ..42,980         42,248        33,393 
Out  of  the  above,  the  imports  from  the 
United  States  were  as   follows:     In  1903 
36,549    tons;     1902,     35,780     tons;    1901. 
26,921  tons. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots ;  4}c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6 J,  sheet  7,  bar  6ifc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:     £11  3s  9d    per  long  ton. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $6.00;  St, 
t-ouls,  $5.00 ;  London,  £21  5s  per  ton  ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6}cs  100-lb  lots,  7c, 

TIN.— New  York,  Dig,  $27.40;  San 
Francisco,  ton  lots,  28}c;  500  fits.,  29c; 
200  S>s.,  29Jc;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  $  »>  30c 
@32c.    London,  £120  10s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  H  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $47.00® 
47.50;  large  lots;  London,  £8  12s;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $44.50  $  flask  of  76}  lbs.  ; 
Denver,  $49.50.    Export,  $43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6}c;  extra, 
17}c;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37}c. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-ana-half,  100-lb.  lots, 
18  75c ;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-fi). 
lots,  15  50c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  $  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@47c. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson'e, 
VJ-c;  Hallett's,  6$c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
ib.  lots,  83;  300  to  500  lbs.,  8}c;  100-lb. 
lots,  lOjc. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $17.85 
©18.85;  gray  forge,  $15  60;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  f,  ft.,  3*c  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
127  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30  00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  ft. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $18.00@19.00 

Foundry  Northern  1 17.50@18.00 

Northern  2 17.00@17.60 

Northern  3 16.50@17.00 

Southern  1 16.35® 

Southern  2 15.85® 

Southern  3 15.35® 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 20.50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28.00@29.00 

Bars,  iron 1  55® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Ralls,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

Sheets,  26  store 2.90@  3  00 

No.  27 2.90®  3.00 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 14.50@15.50 

Relaying  rails 28.00(330  00 

Dealers  forge 12.50@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  least,  net  ton 14.00@14.50 

Iron  rails 19.00@20.00 

Car  wheels 19  00@20.00 

Cast  borings 5.50®  6  50 

Turnings 11.00@11.50 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :     Pine,    ordinary 
$24.00@25  00;   extra   sizes    higher: 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,   4  feet,  $4.50 


@6.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $16.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
®35.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.36;  8d,  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.60;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4d  and  6d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.36;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.36  per  bbl. 

CEMENT  —Imported,  $2  50@2.76  $ 
bbl  ;  California  carload  lots,  $2  26  f.  o.  b. 
at  works;  small  lots,  $2.50  $  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  0.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  In  carload 
lots,  16Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jo.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13Jo;  less  than  one  ton. 
16}c.  No.  1"  60%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|o.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2"  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  leas 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
in  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  In  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  In  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s., 
lie  $  set;  14 oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  1ft.:  carloads, 
23@23}c;  In  tins,  30c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  %  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  3(33}c  $ 
ft.;  cauBticsoda,  in  drums,  3@3toi)  lb;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40  $  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  notash,  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  roll  sulphur,  2}@2Jc;  powdered 
sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur,  French, 
3l@3}c;  alum,  $2.00@2.25  ;  California  re- 
fined, lj@2c;  sulphide  of  Iron,  8c  $  lb  ; 
copper  sulphate,  5}@5|c;  chloride  of  lime, 
spot,  $2  50@2.75:  sulphuric  acid,  In  car- 
boys, 66%  B,  lj@2c  $  ft.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  fl  lb. 

OILS.— Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  44o;  cs., 
49c ;  raw,  bbl.,  42c ;  cs.,  47c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  41c;  cs,  46c;  raw,  bbl.,  39c; 
cs,  44c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20}c; 
Astral,  20Jc;  Star,  20}c;  Extra  Star,  24}c; 
Eocene,  23}c;  Elaine,  26}c;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14 Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26}c;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23}e;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27}c;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  In  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  In  cs.,  19}  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  76c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
50@60c;  Natural  White,  70c;  Bleached  do, 
75c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  60@56c. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.60; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.60;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.60; 
Brymbo,  $7.60;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $13 ;  Cannel, 
$8.60;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.60,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.60  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks ;  Sunnyslde,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  In  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  fts.,  per  ft.,  6}c;  in  25-ft.  tin 
palls,  }c  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  }c  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6}c. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .   No.  1,  4@5c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  600  lbs.,  6}c. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  In  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,  6@7c  per  ft 
powdered,  8@10c  ;  fused,  20@25c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  #  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  $  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  lb., 
$1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,  per  ft.,  $1.75. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  $  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  #  ft., 
76c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate.  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  V,  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  $  ft.,  $3.50. 

ZINC. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  $  ft.,  10c ;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  19,  1903. 


Aiw&ys    on  the 
right   jide    of 

question" 
of  time -the 

EXGIN 

WylTCIl 

Every  Elgin  Watch  is  fully  guaranteed.  All  jewelers 
have  Elgin  Watches.  "Timemakers  and  Timekeepers/ 
illustrated  history  of  the  watch,  sent  free  upon  request  to 

ELGIN    NATIONAL  WATCH   CO.,    Elgin.  Illinois. 


W.  &  P.  ROOFING. 

Best  wool  felt,  thoroughly  saturated 
and  coated;  elastic,  and  unaffected  by- 
heat  or  cold ;  will  not  rust  or  drip  like 
metal;  unaffected  by  acid  fumes  or 
gases;  is  not  inflammable  like  shin- 
gles. Good  for  mining  plants,  mills, 
factories,  warehouses  —  any  place 
where  steam  or  vapors  aiiound;  for 
roofing  and  lining  dry  kilns — will 
stand  heat  and  insulate  perfectly; 
for  dwellings,  stables,  barns,  stock 
sheds,  poultry  houses — anything  need- 
ing protection  from  sun  and  rain. 
Lowest  in  price ;  best,  irrespective  of 
price.  If  interested  let  us  send  vou 
sample.  PACIFIC  REFINING"  & 
ROOFING  CO.,  113  JNew  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Fbancisco. 


Manganese  Mines  Company 

has  a  large  quantity  of  ore  ground  and  sacked 
for  sale  at  Livermore,  Cal.  Any  persons  requiring 
same  can  get  prices  by  applying  at  their  office, 
19  STEVENSON  STBHET, 

SAX  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 


c 


WANTED. 


""* 


WANTED. 

A  Double  Drum  First  Motion  Hoist  Engine,  not 
less  than  16x32  or  greater  than  20x40;  capable  of 
sinking  1500  feet  or  more  Round  rope  preferred. 
Capping  stone  and  all  connections  required,  in- 
cluding sheaves.  All  must  be  in  first-class  condi- 
tion. Name  lowest  price  f.  o.  b.  cars.  Address 
PITTSBURGH  &  MONTANA  COPPER  CO., 
Lock  Box  No.  1098,  Butte,  Montana. 


WRITE    TO    US 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL    MEN 

For  all  classes  of  work. 
5000  positions  filled  In  10  years. 

Engineering  Agency 

210  Monadnock  Block,  CHICAGO. 

MONFV  Developed  or  partly  devel- 

ITlUiiEI  oped  which  have  Ore  In 

T  A  Airr'TV  sight.     First-class  refer- 

LU  AIMED  enceSi    Established  1855. 

MTMEC      E  N- bre™g  &  m-i 

ITllllEiJ.  Marquette,  Mich 


ASSAYER  AND  METALLURGICAL  CHEMIST 
with  best  of  references  desires  position.    Ad- 
dress C.  W.  L.,  this  office. 


A  THOROUGHLY  COMPETENT  ASSAYER 
and  Analyst,  15  years1  experience,  with  a  good 
practical  knowledge  of  mining,  milling  and  smelt- 
ing, is  open  for  engagement,  with  chance  for 
advancement.  Excellent  references.  Address 
"Everett"'  care  of  this  office. 


COPPER  SMELTERMAN  IS  OPEN  FOR  En- 
gagement. Experienced  blast  furnaceman, 
metallurgist,  assayer,  sampler,  etc.  Good  refer- 
ences.   Address  "Furnace,'1  care  of  this  office 


MILL  FOREMAN  WANTS  POSITION— CON- 
centration,  amalgamation,  cyaniding  and  as- 
saying; 20  years'  experience.  Best  of  references. 
Address  "Millman,"  1056  South  Gaylord  St.,  Den- 
ver. Colo. 


with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  office. 


POSITION    DESIRED    AS     DRAUGHTSMAN, 
Surveyor,  Assayer  or  Bookkeeper.  Good  refer- 
ences. Address  H.W.K.,Box74,  Long  Beach,  Wash. 


WANTED  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED  MINING 
Engineer  and  Manager,  a  position  as  mine 
manager  in  gold,  silver  or  copper  proposli ion,  with 
a  first-class  corporation.  Have  had  35  years'  ex- 
perience in  U  S.  and  Mexico;  prefer  Mexico. 
Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
well  acquainted  with  Mexico,  and  am  employed 
now.  Desire  a  change  between  November  and 
January  1st,  1904.  Salary  expected  not  less  than 
$5000  per  annum  Can  furnish  the  best  of  refer- 
ence. Address  "Mine  Manager,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientlflo  Press,  San  Franoisco,  Cal. 


WANTED— POSITION  BY  A  MINE  SUPT.  OR 
manager  of  30  years'  experience  in  practical 
mining  and  milling;  past  17  years  spent  in  super- 
intending, managing  and  fxamining  mines.  Profit- 
able handling  of  low  grade  ores  a  specialty.  Cli- 
mate no  object.  References  from  first-class  com- 
panies.   Address  "Utility,"  this  office. 


RELIABLE  MINING  MAN 

having  oharge  of  property  in  Mariposa  county, 
temporarily  closed  down,  would  examine,  assay 
and  report  on  mines  in  this  vicinity.  Correspond- 
ence solicited.  P.  O.  Box  65,  Coulterville,  Mari- 
posa County,  Cal. 


AMERICAN  and  FOREIGN 


wTRADE  MARKS. 


'PATENTS 


rCAVEATS^8Si 
IDEWEY.STRONG  &C0.330  MARKETS! 


Some  People  "Get  Gay"  and 

Blow  All  the  "Dough" 

THE     COMPANY     PUTS     UP 

FOR  FINE  SHAFT=HOUSES,  HOISTS,  Etc. 

Others  buy 

"Common  Sense  Steel  Whims," 

spending  the  balance  on  underground  work  and  develop  bonanzas. 

So  many  large  mines  have  been  opened  up  in  this  way  that  it's  now  considered 
lucky  to  start  with  a  "Common  Sense  Steel  Whim." 

THE  STRONG  MINE, 

in  Cripple  Creek  district,  was  among  the  flrs 
prominent  mines  discovered.  Mr.  P.  E.  Kearney 
became  interested  in  it  shortly  after  its  dtscov 
ery,  bought  a  "Common  Sense  Steel  Whim*'  and 
put  the  shaft  down  150  feet,  opened  up  a  small 
body  of  ore  which  gave  the  mine  its  start,  and  to- 
day it  is  worth  $1,500,000. 

No  patent  on  this  common  sense  way  of  develop 
ing  bonanzas; 

The  Patent  is  on  the  Whim. 

We  have  been  trying  to  send  you  a  catalogue  for 
a  long  time,  but  have  given  it  up  until  you  write 
and 

TELL     US     WHERE    YOU'RE    AT. 

THE  J.  H.  riONTGOriERY  HACHINERY  CO., 

1216  to  1224  Curtis  St.  DENVER,  COLO.,  U.  S.  A. 


YOU  DON'T  PAY  A  CENT 

for  a 

Cross  Oil  Filter 


till  you  know  it 
saves  50%  of  your 
lubricating  bill. 

You  may  try  one 
30  days,  and  return 
it  if  not   satlsfac- 
* tory. 


'We  have  tested 
your  Filler  ard  are 
well  satisfied  with 
it." 

Colburn  Machine 
Tool  Co  . 

Franklin,  Pa 


THE  BURT  MFG.  CO.. 

Largest  Sffra.  of  Oil  Fitters  in  the  World, 
Akron,  Ohio,  U.  S.  A 

Also  supplied  by  EDgine  BuilderB.  Oil 
Companies  and  Power  Contractors. 


MINING  PROPERTY  FOR  SALE- 

Consists  of  13,000  tons  of  tailings,  95,000  tons  of 
lump— both  good  values.  Water  for  working  same. 
Situated  3  miles  from  railroad.  No  crushing  power 
required.  Guarantee  a  saving  of  80%.  Partners 
oannot  agree,  so  It  will  be  sold  cheap  Inquire  of 
James  McDermott,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  Francisco. 


FOR  SALE. 


FOUNTAIN 
Blacking   Brush. 


A  New  and  Cleanly  Means  of  Applying: 
Liquid  Blacking:. 

With  no  pressure  on  bristles  the  small  brush  is 
kept  in  position  shown  by  dotted  lines  T,  by  the 
spring  X.  With  pressure  on  bristles,  as  by  rub- 
bing, the  small  brush  is  raised  to  position  shown 
in  cut,  opening  the  valve  and  allowing  the  black- 
ing to  flow  onto  the  bristles  as  indicated  by  ar- 
rows. Thumb  screw  A  securely  locks  valve,  mak- 
ing brush  absolutely  tight.  Bottle  in  which  liquid 
blacking  is  sold  can  be  made  to  fasten  on  brush  at 
line  Z  and  serve  as  a  handle 

Pat.  In  TJ.  S.  and  abroad.  For  sale  separately  or 
as  a  whole.  For  particulars,  address  E.  R  KING, 
Lafayette,  Contra  Costa  Co.,  Cal. 


NOTICE 

of  Receiver's  Sale  of  tie  Electric  Plant,  Ap- 
paratus, and  Other  Property  of  the 
Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the  Receiver,  by  ap- 
pointment of  the  District  Court  of  the  Second 
Judicial  District  of  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico, 
for  th«  County  of  Bernalillo,  in  that  certain  cause 
pending  therein  wherein  Raymond  P.  Ripley  and 
others  are  defendants,  will,  under  and  by  virtue  of 
an  order  of  said  court  made  August  20,  1903,  re- 
ceive bids  for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  all  the 
property  of  the  said  Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company, 
now  in  his  possession  as  such  receiver.  Said 
property  consists  of  a  complete  cyanide  mill  of 
two  hundred  and  fifty  tons  capacity,  built  of  struc- 
tural iron,  various  other  buildings  such  as  stores, 
boarding  house,  store  house,  bunk  houses,  etc  ,  etc 
The  machinery  consists  of  dry  crushing  apparatus, 
Davis  and  A  His  finishing  rolls,  twenty  st^el  leach- 
ing tanks  of  two  hundred  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty  tons  capacity;  also  sixteen  thousand  dol- 
lars worth  of  mining  and  mill  supplies;  office  fur- 
niture, etc  And  also,  situated  at  Madrid,  N.  M., 
an  electric  power  plant  and  structural  steel  build- 
ing, one  eight  hundred  horse  power  engine,  one  600 
K.  W.  generator,  complete  switches,  etc.,  etc.,  for 
a  twenty-thousand-volt  transmission,  and  other 
property  such  as  is  generally  us^d  in  connection 
with  such  a  mill  run  by  electricity,  including  one 
hundred  miles  of  copper  transmission  wire. 

Also  the  Albemarle,  Pamlico,  Huron,  Ontario 
patented  mining  properties,  and  the  TJ.  M.  C.  and 
three-fourths  interest  in  the  Red  Cloud,  containing 
in  all  almost  one  hundred  acres  and  having  five 
thousand  feet  on  the  strike  of  the  vein.  These 
mines  and  the  mills  are  situated  at  Albemarle, 
Sandoval  County,  New  Mexico,  twenty-four  miles 
from  Thornton  on  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  Ry.— the  other 
property  at  Madrid  on  said  railway. 

Bids  will  be  received  bv  the  undersigned  for  the 
sale  of  said  property,  or  acy  part  thereof,  for  sixty 
days  from  the  date  of  this  notice  For  the  Madrid 
power  plant  property,  and  the  electrical  machin- 
ery, bids  must  be  itemized,  fixing  the  price  to  be  . 
paid  upon  each  separate  article;  and,  also,  sepa- 
rate bids  must  be  submitted  for  the  wire,  on  ac- 
count of  conflicting  interests  in  the  property.  The 
buildings  and  other  property  may  be  removed  by 
purchasers  from  the  premises  on  which  they  are 
located. 

A  reasonable  deposit,  certified  check  or  cash, 
must  accompany  each  bid  as  a  guaranty  of  good 
faith  and  responsibility. 

Lists  of  the  property  and  all  other  information 
rpquested  will  be  furnished  upon  application  to 
the  Receiver.  WILLIAM  SPENCER, 

Reoelver. 
P.  O-  Address:    Albuquerque,  New  Mexico. 

August  21,  1903. 


The  Mines  of  Park  City.  Utah. 

Have  furnished  70%  of  the  lead,  63%  of  the  silver, 
70%  of  the  dividends  of  the  State.  Send  20  cents 
for  24-page  illustrated  edition  of  Park  City  Miner, 
with  map.    N.  B.  DRESSER,  Park  City,  Utah. 


Whole  No.  2253.— VOL^S^^fTU-       SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY.  SEPTEMBER  26,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS   PER  AHKOM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


Duplication  of  Names. 

It  seems  advisable  to  have  some  sort  of  legislation 
to  protect  investors  and  others  from  the  imposition 
of  those  persons  who  give  to  their  unproven  mining 
schemes  names  so  similar  to  those  of  famous  and  val- 
uable properties  that  the  inexperienced  and  unwary 
are  readily  deceived,  and  invest  in  worthless  stocks, 
or  those  having  only  present  speculative  value, 
merely  because  the  name  is  a  familiar  one  and  is 
associated  in  their  minds  with  success  and  dividends. 
There  are  great  and  valuable  mines  throughout  the 
West,  the  names  of  which  are  household  words,  and 
there  should  be  some  means  of  putting  an  end  to  this 
sort  of  piracy,  which  permits  a  mine  promoter  to 
assume  for  his  unknown  property  a  name  so  similar 
to  that  of  some  great  and  well-known  mine  that 
those  who  are  not  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  min- 
ing industry  are  easily  imposed  upon,  and  make  in- 
vestments in  the  belief  that  they  are  buying  into  a 
"going  concern,"  and  that  dividends  are  assured, 
either  at  once  or  in  a  very  short  time.  The  names 
of  mines  are  as  various,  almost,  as  the  names  of  the 
men  who  locate  them,  and  there  is  no  end  to  the 
names  that  may  be  given  ;  but  as  a  matter  of  fact 
the  names  are  often  very  confusing,  owing  to  the 
duplication  of  the  name  and  the  duplicity  of  the  pro- 
moter. Often  a  new  enterprise  may  derive  some 
glory,  reflected  from  a  near  rich  neighbor,  but  this 
need  not  extend  to  the  duplication  of  names.  In 
most  cases  this  is  done  with  only  a  single  purpose — 
that  of  taking  an  unfair  advantage  of  the  unwary. 
Those  who  contemplate  the  investment  of  a  large 
sum  of  money  in  a  mining  enterprise  should  approach 
it  with  the  same  caution  that  would  be  exercised  in 
an  investment  in  merchandising,  in  real  estate  or  in 
bonds.  Many  people  seem  to  think — judging  by  the 
ease  with  which  they  are  induced  to  part  with  their 
money — that  the  simple  fact  that  the  investment  is 
in  a  mine  is  sufficient  assurance  against  possible  loss. 
The  word  mine  is  not  synonymous  with  profit,  nor  is 
it  equivalent  to  failure.  The  mining  industry  of 
America  has  paid— and  is  still  paying— larger  divi- 
dends on  capital  properly  invested  than  any  other 
business,  but  there  is  much  required  of  a  mine  beside 
a  euphonious  name,  or  a  pirated  one.  One  in  look- 
ing over  the  names  of  mines  is  impressed  with  the 
constant  repetition  of  those  names  which  have  be- 
come familiar  and  associated  with  large  and  long- 
continued  dividends.  These  mines  are  not  in  a  single 
locality,  but  are  found  all  over  the  mining  region. 

As  there  is  no  law  prohibiting  this  duplication  of 
names,  the  only  thing  that  would-be  investors  can  do 
is  to  investigate  any  mining  investment  which  they 


Forty-Stamp  Mill  at  Mia  Bong,  Korea 


contemplate  making.  In  general,  if  the  investor 
feels  too  poor  to  have  such  an  investigation  made  by 
a  competent  mining  engineer,  he  is  too  poor  to  take 
the  risk  which  such  an  investment  involves.  It  is 
true,  a  number  of  people  of  moderate  means  may 
consolidate  their  funds  and  thus  form  a  strong  asso- 
ciation, and  collectively  they  can  investigate  the 
merit  of  a  new  enterprise,  and  thus  protect  them- 
selves at  small  individual  cost  from  imposition  on  the 
part  of  those  who  would  take  advantage  of  their  lack 
of  knowledge,  individually,  and  of  their  dislike  to 
incur  the  expense  of  investigation,  which,  singly, 
would  probably  in  most  cases  exceed  the  amount  of 
the  intended  investment. 


Mining  in  Korea. 

The  most  important  mining  operations  at  present 
being  carried  on  in  Korea  are  under  the  ownership  of 
the  Oriental  Consolidated  Mining  Co.,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  of  which  H.  C.  Perkins  is  president. 
This  company  controls  a  large  concession  in  the 
northwestern  portion  of  Korea.  On  the  concession 
there  are  one  80-stamp,  two  40-stamp  and  two  20- 
stamp  mills,  and  it  is  the  intention  to  soon  add  60 
more  stamps,  making  a  total  of  260  stamps.  One  of 
the  accompanying  illustrations  is  that  of  the  compa- 
ny's 40-stamp  mill  at  Mia  Bong.    Another  view  is 


that  of  a  train  of  cows  packing  nitro  powder  and 
other  supplies  to  the  mines.  Nearly  all  of  the  pack- 
ing is  done  on  these  animals,  for  which  purpose  they 
answer  very  satisfactorily  to  the  natives  who  pack 
and  drive  them.  It  is  not  uncommon  to  see  200  cows  in 
line  on  the  trail  bearing  various  burdens  of  things  in- 
tended for  use  in  the  mines.  The  third  picture  rep- 
resents native  carpenters  squaring  timbers  with 
their  clumsy  adz,  in  the  use  of  which,  however,  they 
are  expert.  The  mines  consist  of  quartz  veins  which, 
according  to  H.  B.  Kaeding,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
are  in  a  granite  country.  The  veins  are  accompa- 
nied by  dikes  of  granite  porphyry  and  other  dike 
rocks.  The  company's  mills  are  completely  equipped 
with  all  modern  appliances,  and  have  cyanide  plants 
as  well.  The  several  mines  are  connected  by  tele- 
phone and  the  plants  lighted  by  electricity.  A  dam 
is  being  built  for  the  purpose  of  utilizing  water  pow- 
er, with  which  it  is  the  intention  to  eventually  supply 
all  the  mines  on  the  concession,  by  electricity.  About 
5000  men  are  employed.  All  labor  is  performed  by 
natives,  all  officers  and  bosses  being  from  the  United 
States. 

Korea  is  situated  north  of  the  34th  parallel,  ex- 
tending to  the  44th  parallel,  and  is  directly  west  of 
California,  but  the  climate  is  much  more  rigorous 
than  at  the  same  latitude  on  the  Pacific  coast  of 
North  America. 


Cows  Packing  Powder  in  Korea. 


197 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cat. 

TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     7T1 . 


ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Mexico  and  Canada $3  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 


Sintered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 

BRANCH    OFFICES: 

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Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block. 


J.  F.  HALLORAN Publisher 


San  Francisco,  September  26,  1903. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 

illustrations:  Pa9e- 

Forty -Stamp  Mill  at  Mia  Bong,  Korea 196 

Cows  Packing  Powder  in  Korea.. 196 

Native  Carpenters  Hewing  Wcod,  Korea 196 

Box  Electric  Drill 199 

Pian  and  Section  California  Drift  Mine 199 

Arrangement  of  Tiles  in  Quicksilver  Furnace.  201 

Quicksilver  Furnaces  at  New  Almaden,  Santa  Clara  Co.,  Cal.  .201 

The  Wilfiey  Slime  Table 202 

The  Hampson  Patent  Turntable 205 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 206 

editorial: 

Duplication  of  Names    196 

Mining  in  Korea 196 

The  Choice  of  Manager 197 

Evils  of  Modern  Methods  cf  Mice  Promotion 197 

Silver I97 

Reducing  Costs 197 

MINING   SUMMARY 207-208-209-210-211 

...212 


latest  market  reports 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 198 

The  Mechanical  Drying  of  Minerals 199 

The  Box  Electric  Drill 199 

A  California  Drift  Mine 199 

Aerial  Tramways 200 

Quicksilver  Reduction  at  New  Almaden,  Cal 201 

Tbe  St  Louis  Exposition 201 

Public  Lands  in  Cub.* 201 

Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt 202 

The  Wilfley  Slime  Table 202 

Aluminum  and  Bauxite 202 

Notes  on  the  Metallurgy  of  Copper  of  Montana 203 

American  Machinery  for  South  Africa 203 

Good  Roads  for  Mines 204 

The  Golden  San  Juan 204 

Ore  Deposits  of  tbe  Northern  Black  Hills 205 

The  Hampson  Patent  Turntable 205 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 206 

Personal 21L 

Bioks  Received , 211 

Obituary 212 

New  Patents 212 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 212 

Commercial  Paragraphs 212 


Silver. 

The  present  condition  of  the  silver  market  empha- 
sizes the  distinction  between  silver  as  a  commodity 
and  silver  as  a  currency.  No  nation  can  by  legisla- 
tion permanently  advance  the  price  of  silver  as  a 
commodity.  But  any  nation  in  proportion  to  its 
wealth  and  power  can  try  to  create  and  maintain  a 
relative  value  for  its  silver  currency,  with  due  re- 
gard to  the  requisite  limitation  of  its  silver  coinage. 

There  is  in  present  transit  from  San  Francisco  to 
the  Philippines  several  hundred  kegs  of  silver  coin 
minted  at  Philadelphia  and  destined  for  Oriental 
circulation.  Meanwhile  silver  as  a  commodity  is 
steadily  appreciating  in  value  ;  a  further  rise  of  less 
than  6  cents  per  ounce  above  to-day's  quotations 
would  occasion  some  complications.  The  currency 
system  of  the  Philippines  is  on  a  gold  basis,  the  gold 
peso  being  the  unit  of  value  ;  the  silver  peso  is  re- 
deemable at  a  gold  value  of  50  cents.  In  this  silver 
peso  are  416  grains  of  silver,  and  in  its  present  up- 
ward move  should  silver  as  a  commodity  touch  65 
cents  per  ounce,  it  would  be  worth  more  as  bullion 
than  as  coin,  and,  instead  of  passing  into  circulation, 
would  be  melted  down  into  bar  silver  and  be  ab- 
sorbed. Though  it  is  not  probable  that  that  figure 
will  be  reached,  yet  the  possibility  is  present  illustra- 
tion of  the  difficulty  that  beset  any  attempt  to  set  a 
standard  of  values  as  between  that  which  is  a  cur- 
rency or  commodity,  as  circumstances  determine. 

When  the  U.  S.  Government  began  buying  silver 
for  the  Philippine  coinage,  it  paid  49  cents  ;  it  sus- 
pended purchase  when  the  price  touched  55  cents. 
Though  there  is  a  demand  from  Prance  and  India  for 
silver,  and  China  gives  indications  of  willingness  and 
ability  to  absorb  a  fresh  supply,  yet  the  contingency 
indicated  is  a  remote  one,  because  of  the  plentitude 
of  possible  supply.  The  subject  is,  however,  of  in- 
terest in  every  mining  camp  in  America  where  at 
present  prices  silver  can  be  produced  at  a  profit. 


The  Choice  of  Manager. 

One  of  the  most  unfortunate  things  that  can  over- 
take a  mining  enterprise  is  the  employment  by  the 
owners  of  an  inexperienced,  or  dishonest  manager. 
The  position  of  mine  manager  is  a  very  responsible 
one,  and  requires  not  only  strict  integrity,  but  ex- 
perience in  mining  and  metallurgical  operations,  and 
good  sound  business  capacity  and  experience  as  well. 
The  manager  should  have  a  knowledge  of  the  details 
of  the  business  under  his  direction,  though  it  is  not 
essential  that  he  should  "take  a  hand  "  at  mucking 
or  tramming  cars,  or  even  running  a  machine  drill, 
but  he  should  know  something  of  all  of  these  things, 
and  to  have  had  actual  experience  in  these  toilsome 
tasks  is  not  to  his  disadvantage. 

An  American  engineer,  who  a  few  years  ago  was 
unknown  to  fame,  accepted  a  position  as  manager  of 
a  large  mine  in  South  Africa.  The  salary  attach- 
ment was  large — that  is,  large  for  him — more  than 
he  had  ever  received  before  for  his  services.  In 
accepting  this  position  he  displaced  a  European 
engineer  who  had  held  the  place  at  a  salary  far  be- 
low that  paid  the  American  engineer.  The  new 
manager  made  many  changes  in  and  about  the  mine 
and  works,  and  for  a  time  the  company  thought  they 
had  imported  an  extravagant  luxury — an  American 
engineer — but  the  end  of  the  year  showed  that  the 
new  manager  had  not  only  accomplished  all  his  pre- 
decessor had  been  doing,  but  exceeded  him,  and 
produced  from  ore  of  the  same  grade  and  tonnage  as 
that  formerly  worked,  a  profit  of  over  $150,000  in 
excess  of  that  made  by  the  former  manager.  This 
was  during  the  first  year,  the  following  year  he  in- 
creased tBis  materially,  and  the  stockholders  realized 
they  had  found  a  valuable  man  in  their  manager. 
The  secret  of  the  whole  business,  if  it  is  a  secret,  was 
that  the  American  engineer  not  only  had  technical 
training — his  predecessor  also  had  that — but  he  had 
learned  much  in  the  school  of  hard  experience  in  the 
frontier  mining  camps  of  the  Western  United  States. 
He  was  accustomed  to  encountering  difficulties  and 
finding  ways  of  meeting  and  successfully  overcoming 
them.     He  seemed  equal  to  almost  any  emergency. 

In  a  general  way  it  may  be  said  that  of  such  men 
as  he  are  the  mine  managers  of  the  West  made  up. 
Some  have  had  more  experience  than  others,  some 
have  a  greater  faculty  for  mastering  obstacles  than 
others,  but  on  the  whole  they  are  a  class  of  men 
equal  to  almost  any  occasion,  and  who,  if  given  an 
opportunity,  will  distinguish  themselves — for  there  is 
much  in  opportunity. 

There  are  those  managing  mines  in  the  West,  how- 
ever, who  represent  a  different  class.  One  of  these, 
in  charge  of  a  property  for  an  Eastern  company,  had 
a  small  prospect  far  up  on  the  mountain  side.  He 
described  the  property  and  its  prospective  merit  in 
such  glowing  colors  that  he  nearly  persuaded  the 
directors  to  send  him  a  large  mill  and  smelter,  ex- 
plaining that  long  before  the  machinery  could  be 
placed  in  position  to  operate  he  would  have  developed 
through  a  tunnel,  over  2000  feet  in  length,  sufficient 
ore  to  keep  the  reduction  plant  in  operation  for  sev- 
eral years.  There  were  some  members  of  the  board, 
however,  whose  natural  business  caution  suggested 
that  the  mine  be  examined  by  some  other  engineer 
for  corroborative  testimony.  This  was  finally  de- 
cided upon,  and  the  engineer  engaged  reported  no 
ore  in  sight,  and  that  the  proposed  tunnel  could  not 
be  completed  within  fourteen  months,  and  would 
probably  take  longer,  and  would  cost,  with  com- 
pressor equipment,  no  less  than  $25,000 ;  that  it  was 
highly  problematical  whether  the  proposed  tunnel 
would  develop  any  ore;  and  suggested  that  the  sur- 
face showing  of  ore  be  followed  downward  by  means 
of  a  shaft  to  determine  something  of  its  extent  and 
value  before  any  expensive,  long  and  deep  tunnels  be 
run,  and  particularly  before  any  reduction  machinery 
was  bought. 

While  the  prospect  was  a  good  one,  the  company 
were  so  discouraged — not  to  say  disgusted — with  this 
sudden  awakening,  that  the  mine  was  shut  down  for 
a  time;  but  is  in  operation  again  along,more  common 
sense  lines. 

It  is  most  unfortunate  that  mining  property  some- 
times falls  into  the  hands  of  mine  fakirs,  who  either 
are  wholly  ignorant  of  mining  as  a  business,  or  are 
unprincipled  and  seeking  only  to  further  selfish  ends. 
Mining  companies  should  place   the  management  of 


their  properties  in  the  hands  of  men  of  experience 
and  integrity,  and  when  this  practice  becomes  more 
common,  mining  investments  can  not  fail  to  become 
even  more  popular  than  they  are  to-day.  Many  min- 
ing enterprises  of  the  latter  class  referred  to  are 
placed  in  the  hands  of  the  promoter  or  principal 
stockholder  as  a  reward  for  the  large  personal  influ- 
ence they  wield,  but  it  is  often  at  a  sacrifice  of  the 
remainder  of  the  stockholders. 


Reducing  Costs. 

Where  a  mine  is  in  operation  and  it  seems  either 
necessary  or  desirable  to  reduce  working  costs,  the 
first  step  usually  taken  by  a  wise  manager  is  not  in 
making  a  cut  in  wages,  thereby  decreasing  the 
efficiency  of  the  labor  employed,  but  changes  are 
made  by  the  introduction  of  labor-saving  devices, 
conveying  belts  are  substituted  for  arrangements  re- 
quiring labor,  and  ore  and  materials  are  handled  by 
mechanical  devices  instead  of  men,  and  everywhere 
that  it  is  possible  to  substitute  a  mechanical  device 
for  men  it  is  done.  Plants  are  built  to  work  auto- 
matically as  far  as  possible.  The  result  is  generally 
a  greatly  increased  output  at  reduced  cost,  and  the 
men  displaced  by  the  machinery  are  employed  in 
some  other  branch  of  the  industry.  There  are  a  few 
who  condemn  labor-saving  devices  of  any  sort,  but 
such  ideas  are  short-sighted  and  foolish  as,  well. 
Labor-saving  machines  and  devices  are  in  demand 
and  they  have  come  to  stay,  and  the  experience  of 
the  past  shows  that  they  in  most  cases  make  work 
for  a  larger  number  than  are  displaced  by  the  ma- 
chines. Labor-saving  devices  render  the  work  of  the 
laborer  lighter  and  usually  they  permit  him  to  make 
a  higher  rate  of  wages  than  he  previously  earned. 

Along  the  line  of  reducing  costs  much  attention  is 
being  given  the  utilization  of  waste  products.  Ex- 
periments made  in  the  iron  manufacturing  regions  of 
Pennsylvania  show  that  the  large  volume  of  gases 
generated  in  blast  furnace  operations  may  be  utilized 
as  a  means  of  power.  Some  engineers  who  have 
given  this  matter  a  great  deal  of  earnest  attention 
predict  that  the  next  decade  will  see  the  gases  cf 
blast  furnaces  which  are  now  allowed  to  go  to  waste 
employed  in  the  production  of  power,  and  that  for 
this  purpose  the  gases  will  have  a  value  at  least 
equal  to  the  metal  product  of  the  furnaces.  This  is 
an  extremely  optimistic  view  to  take  of  the  matter, 
but  there  is  little  doubt  that  the  near  future  will  see 
these  waste  gases  utilized  in  the  manner  indicated. 
The  gases  which  arise  from  the  top  of  the  blast  fur- 
naces contain  a  large  amount  of  carbonic  oxide,  up- 
ward of  25%  usually,  constituting  a  valuable  fuel. 
For  generations  these  gases  have  been  allowed  to 
pass  off  into  the  atmosphere,  but  the  metallurgical 
world  has  at  last  awakened  to  the  fact  that  these 
gases  possess  great  value,  and  already  they  are  be- 
ing utilized. 

In  the  metallurgy  of  other  ores  than  those  of  iron 
it  is  now  a  recognized  fact  that  some  of  the  gases 
evolved  in  smelting  operations  represent  a  direct 
waste  of  valuable  raw  material.  The  sulphur  which 
for  ages  has  been  burned  either  in  the  open  air  or  in 
furnaces  in  the  treatment  of  ores,  is  now  recognized 
as  an  excellent  fuel,  by  the  means  of  which  the  ore 
may  be  practically  made  to  smelt  itself.  The  pyritic 
smelting  process  has  a  wide  field  of  usefulness,  and 
we  may  expect  to  see  it  introduced  into  many  mining 
regions  where  the  cost  of  transportation  makes  pro- 
hibitory blast  furnace  operations  of  the  ordinary 
type,  where  a  large  amount  of  carbonaceous  fuel  is 
essential  in  the  treatment  of  the  ore.  Great  ad- 
vancement has  been  made  the  past  twenty  years  in 
metallurgy,  both  in  mechanical  and  in  chemical 
operations;  but  the  greater  advance  has  probably 
been  made  along  mechanical  lines.  In  the  future  it 
may  be  expected  that  an  equal  advance  will  be  made 
along  chemical  lines. 

THERE  are  many  evils  in  the  modern  methods  of 
mine  promotion.  Among  these  are  the  gross 
misrepresentation  of  facts  and  the  duplication  of 
the  names  of  valuable  properties,  with  which  the  new 
scheme  is  in  no  way  identified  or  entitled.  If  mine 
promotion  could  be  relieved  of  these  two  evils,  of 
which  the  greater  is  the  misstatements  made  con- 
cerning the  extent  of  ore  deposits  and  their  value, 
the  placing  of  meritorious  prospects  would  be  accom 
plished  with  comparative  ease. 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


198 


CONCENTRATES. 

b d 


The  coal  In  cropplngs  of  a  vein  1b  usually   of  poor 
quality,  and  the  coal  generally  Improves  with  depth. 
* 
Lead  paint  should  never  be  used  for  structural  Iron, 
as  It  exercises  a  corrosive  influence. 
* 
With  a  12-Inch  pipe  running  to  a  turbine,  with  a  tank 
or  water   holding   1,500,000   gallons,   and   with   a  10-foot 
fall,  there  would  be  a  pressure  of  4j  pounds  per  square 
Inch  at  the  turbine. 

* 

The  rock    from   Pocahontas,  Ark.,   la  a  fine-grained 
quarUlte,  containing  small   crystals  of   pyrlte.     The  ac- 
companying ore  Is  green   carbonate  of  copper  malachite. 
This  ore  contains  71.9%  cuprlc  oxide. 
* 

Superheated  steam  Is  superior  to  saturated  steam 
on  account  of  the  large  losses  due  to  the  condensation  of 
the  latter.  The  method  of  superheating  the  steam  as  it 
leaves  the  boiler  Is  simple,  and  consists  merely  in  pass- 
ing the  steam  pipe  through  the  heated  gases  before  It 
enters  the  tender. 

* 

Ventilating  fans,  having  propeller-shaped  blades, 
have  proved  inefficient  in  mine  ventilation,  though  fans 
of  this  type  answer  admirably  for  the  ventilation  of  mills 
or  other  rooms,  where  the  resistance  is  low,  but  for 
mines  the  direct-acting  centrifugal  fan  has  been  found 
to  meet  most  requirements. 
* 

The  usual  form  of  lead  in  zinc  blende  is  as  sulphide. 
Oxide  and  sulphate  are  formed  when  it  is  roasted.  These 
compounds  react  with  the  still  undecomposed  sulphide, 
forming  sulphur  dioxide  and  metallic  lead,  which  vola- 
tilizes. Lead  sulphide  and  oxide  are  also  directly  vola- 
tile, though  at  a  higher  temperature  than  the  metal. 
* 

Ores  containing  free  gold  which  is  at  all  coarse  can- 
not be  successfully  treated  by  cyanldation,  as  the  coarse 
particles  of  gold  will  not  dissolve  in  the  solution.  Such 
ores  should  first  be  amalgamated,  and  subsequently  the 
tailings  may  be  cyanlded,  if  they  contain  sufficient  values 
to  warrant  it  and  it  Is  found  the  material  is  amenable  to 
the  process. 

The  mineral  from  Pinon,  Montrose  Co.,  Colo.,  iB  evi- 
dently a  highly  metamorphosed  rock,  evidently  from 
the  plane  of  a  fissure,  where  it  has  been  subjected  to 
movement  and  crushing.  The  scaly  mineral  incrusting 
the  dark  pieces  is  gypsum  (selenite).  The  rock  has  no 
value,  though  ore  may  occur  elsewhere  In  the  Bame  fis- 
sure or  vein. 

* 

Plates  which  have  been  cleaned  with  a  rubber  will 
usually  yield  a  further  amount  of  amalgam  by  placing 
over  them  either  a  quantity  of  hot  sand  or  sacks  upon 
which  boiling  water  has  been  poured.  As  soon  as  the 
plates  are  hot  go  over  them  again  with  the  rubber.  A 
still  further  amount  of  value  may  be  obtained  by  careful 
scraping  with  a  steel  chisel,  but  the  latter  process  cannot 
be  recommended. 

* 

The  small  black  rock  specimen  from  Greenhorn,  Or., 
1b  olivine  basalt  of  ordinary  type.  The  metallic  gold 
color  showing  on  one  side  has  been  produced  artificially, 
probably  by  one  striking  the  rock  with  shoes  nailed  with 
brass  tacks.  The  other  specimen  is  apparently  a  frag- 
mental  rock,  consisting  of  rounded  grains  of  quartz  and 
other  hard  minerals  cemented  by  a  much  decayed  ma- 
terial. It  has  the  appearance  of  being  arkose — that  is, 
derived  from  granite. 

* 

The  small  rock  specimens  from  Buena  Vista,  Colo., 
contain  quartz,  orthoclase  (potash  feldspar),  more  or  less 
altered,  and  small  greenish  white  scales  of  an  altered  bl- 
sllicate  mineral,  probably  originally  hornblende.  It  has 
a  finely  granular  structure,  and  may  be  called  an  apllte. 
It  1b  too  greatly  altered  to  make  identification  positive. 
It  also  contains,  as  secondary,  pyrlte  In  small  crystals 
and  grains.  Specimens  for  determination  should  be 
larger  than  those  here  referred  to. 
* 

Javasite  Is  a  composition  of  sulphur  trioxlde  31.9, 
iron  sesquloxide  47  9,  potash  9  4,  water  10.8.  It  is  ochre 
yellow,  yellowish  brown  and  clove  brown  In  color,  with  a 
yellow,  shining  streak.  It  has  a  hardness  of  2.5  to  3.5, 
and  is  brittle.  The  mineral  la  found  In  many  oreB,  par- 
ticularly those  In  sedimentary  formation  as  In  quartzite 
and  limestone.  It  often  looks  like  yellow  silt,  and  some- 
times presents  a  bright  subadamantlne  luster.  The 
brownish  varieties  are  sometimes  found  in  lignite. 
* 

Without  doubt  the  "order  of  drop  "  of  stamps  In  a 
battery  has  an  Important  influence  on  the  capacity  of  the 
battery,  if  not  also  on  amalgamation.  If  the  stamps  are 
allowed  to  fall  In  the  order  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  it  would  result  in 
the  pulp  being  all  driven  toward  the  end  of  the  battery 
where  No.  5  is  located.  It  Is  the  aim  of  the  mill  man  to 
have  an  even  distribution  of  pulp  In  the  battery  at  all 
times,  and  this  is  accomplished  to  a  great  extent  by  the 
aequence  of  drop  of  the  stamps.  The  two  methods  most 
In  vogue  are'  1,  3,  5,  2,  4  and  1,  4,  2,  5,  3.  Beside  these 
1,  5,  2,  4,  3  and  1,  5,  3,  2,  4  are  also  often  used.  In  various 
regions  the  number  of  stamps  per  mortar  varies  all  the 


way  from  a  single  stamp  to  eleven  stamps,   but  long  ex- 
perience  has  demonstrated    that  the  most  satisfactory 
resulta  are  obtainable  with  five  stamps  per  mortar  where 
more  than  two  stamps  are  employed. 
* 

The  grade  of  mill  plates  is  variable,  ranging  from  1| 
Inches  per  foot  to  2J  inches  or  over.  Heavily  sulphur- 
etted ore  requires  heavier  grades  than  lighter  quartz, 
comparatively  free  from  sulphides  or  other  aubstances 
of  high  specific  gravity.  The  amount  of  water  em- 
ployed In  the  battery  also  has  an  important  influence  on 
the  amount  of  grade  given  the  plates.  A  large  volume  of 
water  with  heavy  grade  la  almost  certain  to  result  in 
scouriDg.  Many  mill  men  divide  their  plates  into  a  se- 
ries of  steps.  The  height  of  drop  should  be  about  * 
inch,  as  a  greater  drop  will  cause  scouring. 
* 

Mercury  has  many  uses  besides  the  amalgamation  of 
ores.  One  of  Its  chief  uaes  is  In  the  making  of  mirrora. 
This  is  accomplished  by  means  of  tin  amalgam.  A  sheet 
of  tin  foil  of  the  same  size  aa  the  glasa  to  be  silvered  Is 
laid  upon  a  level  table  and  rubbed  over  with  mercury,  a 
thin  layer  of  the  metal  being  afterward  poured  upon  it. 
The  glass  Is  then  carefully  slid  upon  the  table  and 
directed  In  such  a  manner  as  to  push  before  It  the  excess 
mercury.  Heavy  weights  are  then  laid  upon  the  glasa, 
and  in  a  few  days  the  tin  and  mercury  will  be  found  to 
adhere  firmly  to  the  glass.  The  amalgam  contains  one 
part  of  mercury  and  four  parts  of  tin. 
* 

In  figuring  the  width  of  belting  for  high-speed  work, 
the  matter  of  centrifugal  force  must  be  taken  into  con- 
sideration. The  natural  tendency  of  the  particles  of  the 
belt  is  to  move  straight  ahead  and  not  pass  around  the 
pulley.  This  tendency  forces  the  belt  away  from  the 
pulley,  so  that  aa  the  speed  Increases  the  belt  adheres 
lesB  and  less  to  the  surface  of  the  pulley,  and  a  wider  belt 
is  required  to  transmit  a  given  power  than  would  other- 
wise be  the  case.  For  this  reason  doubling  the  belt  does 
not  double  the  power  It  will  transmit,  but  multiplies  it 
by  aomething  less  than  two,  and  for  this  reason,  also, 
there  is  a  limiting  maximum  speed  above  which  a  belt 
can  not  be  run  without  great  loss  of  power.  For  laced 
belts  this  is  about  5400  feet  per  minute,  and  for  cemented 
belts  about  6300  feet  per  minute. 
* 

In  Mexico,  where  A  intends  to  prospect  for  mineral, 
he  should  present  a  written  notice  to  the  mining  agent 
of  the  district  within  which  he  wishes  to  prospect,  and 
the  agent,  after  clearly  defining  the  limits  of  the  terri- 
tory within  which  the  prospector  may  operate,  shall 
return  one  of  the  duplicate  notices  to  the  prospector, 
after  endorsing  thereon  the  day  and  hour  of  the  pre- 
sentation thereof.  This  secures  to  the  prospector  the 
exclusive  privilege  of  exploring  within  the  territory 
described  in  the  notice,  but  a  failure  to  secure  such  per- 
mit from  the  mining  agent  of  the  district  gives  to  the 
prospector  no  privileges,  and  any  person  entering  on  the 
same  territory  and  complying  with  the  requirements  of 
the  law  may  "denounce"  any  mineral  veins  or  deposits 
that  may  be  discovered. 

* 

In  the  bromo-cyanide  (Sulman-Teed  process)  the 
bromine  solution  is  made  up  in  a  separate  tank,  having 
a  atrength  of  1%  or  8%  bromide  of  cyanogen.  From  thia 
tank  the  bromide  solution  is  added  to  the  regular  cyan- 
ide solution,  but  an  excess  must  be  avoided,  as  the 
bromo-cyanogen  is  no  longer  operative  after  paasing  the 
zinc  boxes.  The  amount  of  bromo-cyanide  should  not 
be  greater  than  25%  of  the  potaaaium  cyanide  present  in 
the  regular  solution.  The  process  has  been  successfully 
applied  on  some  arsenical  gold  ores.  The  theory  of  the 
process  1b  that  the  bromo-cyanide  process  contains  a 
greater  cyanogen  "  potential  "  than  the  ordinary  solu- 
tion. By  the  Sulman-Teed  process  the  gold  is  precipi- 
tated by  means  of  what  ia  known  aa  zinc  fume  in  a  special 
apparatus,  known  as  the  Sulman  precipitation  cone. 
* 

The  speed  at  which  a  flywheel  may  run  with  safety  is 
determined  by  the  Btrength  in  tension  of  the  arma  of  the 
wheel;  by  the  atrength,  in  a  tangential  line,  of  the  weak- 
eat  point  in  the  rim,  which,  in  sectional  wheels,  is  the 
point  of  the  union  of  sections,  or  of  both  combined. 
Thurston,  In  A  Manual  of  the  Steam  Engine,  says:  "  For 
a  maximum  safe  Btress  of  10,000  pounds  per  square  inch, 
or  1,440,000  pounds  per  square  foot,  as  for  wrought  Iron 
or  steel,  the  breaking  speed  has  been  found  to  be  about 
300  feet  per  second.  For  cast  iron,  the  maximum  speed 
is  about  220  feet  per  second,  and  about  one-third  of  these 
velocities  are  usually  taken  as  safe.  The  safe  speeds 
are  not  far  from  150  to  200  miles  per  hour."  A  wire- 
wound  flywheel  of  special  construction  In  the  Mannes- 
mann  worka  at  Landore,  Walea,  is  over  20  feet  in  diam- 
eter, wound  with  seventy  tons  of  wire,  and  runB  at  240 
revolutions  per  minute,  which  gives  a  tangential  velocity 
of  15,080  feet,  or  2  85  miles  per  minute. 
* 

The  least  expensive  method  of  mining  ores  is  probably 
by  the  open-cut  system.  This  method  is  largely  in  use 
in  the  Minnesota  iron  mines,  where  the  ore  occura  in  im- 
menae  shoots  either  at  or  near  the  surface.  The  iron  ore 
la  of  auch  a  character  that  it  breaka  up  upon  blasting 
into  comparatively  small  fragmenta  and  it  is  loaded  upon 
railroad  tralna  by  means  of  ateam  shovels.  The  cost  of 
mining  by  this  method  is  but  a  few  cents  per  ton  and  is 
considerably  cheaper  than  any  other  method  known. 
Gold  ores  are  rarely,  if  ever,  mined  in  this  manner,  owing 
partly  to  the  fact  that  the  gold-bearing  deposits  seldom 
occur  In  a  form  to   make  this  method  of   mining  advis- 


able. The  next  cheapest  method  is  by  what  Is  known  as 
the  milling  aystem.  This  is  by  means  of  an  open  cut  in 
which  the  ore  Is  broken  and  passed  down  through  a 
raise  (mill  hole)  to  a  chute  below,  from  which  it  la 
trammed  to  the  reduction  works.  Underground  methods 
are  the  most  expensive.  No  average  of  cost  of  mining 
can  be  stated,  for  the  reason  that  conditions  vary  so 
greatly.  One  mine  may  be  able  to  deliver  rock  at  a  mill 
for  less  than  40  centa  per  ton,  and  at  another  mine  In 
the  same  vicinity  the  cost  may  exceed  $4.  Cheap  mining 
requires  a  large  deposit  or  vein,  good  standing  ground, 
good  climatic  conditions,  cheap  Bupplles,  good  miners 
and  good  management. 

* 

Nitroglycerine  la  manufactured  in  large  quantity 
at  a  number  of  places  in  the  United  States.  It  is  used 
chiefly  in  the  preparation  of  various  kinds  of  explosives, 
chiefly  for  rock  blasting.  Its  manufacture  may  be 
briefly  described  aa  follows:  A  quantity  of  concentrated 
nitric  acid  is  mixed  with  twice  its  volume  of  strong  sul- 
phuric acid,  in  a  lead-lined  tank.  The  mixture  is  cooled 
by  means  of  leaden  colls  through  which  a  stream  of  cold 
water  is  constantly  circulating.  Glycerine  is  sprayed 
into  the  acid,  particular  care  being  taken  to  prevent  a 
rise  in  temperature  above 30°  C.  The  mixture  is  then  al- 
lowed to  cool,  upon  which  a  large  percentage  of  the  nitro- 
glycerine floats  on  the  surface  and  is  drawn  off  into  water 
and  thoroughly  washed.  The  lower  layer  ia  then  drawn 
off  into  water  for  the  purpose  of  separating  the  nitrogly- 
cerine remaining,  which  sinks  to  the  bottom.  An  alkali 
is  added  to  the  last  washing  water  to  neutralize  any  free 
acid  which  may  remain,  and  the  nitroglycerine  is  then 
ready  for  use.  It  is  one  of  the  most  violent  explosives 
known.  As  nitroglycerine  can  only  be  used  conveniently 
in  blasting  in  "down  holes"  it  ia  mixed  with  various  ab- 
sorbents in  varying  proportiona  for  convenience  in  min- 
ing operations.  Nitro-powders  are  equally  effective  in 
dry  or  wet  holes.  Blasting  gelatine,  which  is  made  by 
dissolving  collodion-cotton  in  nine  times  its  weight  of 
nitroglycerine,  Is  stated  to  be  a  more  powerful  explo- 
sive than  nitroglycerine  alone. 
* 

Gold  is  malleable  and  ductile  to  a  greater  extent  than 
any  other  metal  known,  and  it  possesses  these  properties 
at  all  temperatures  below  the  point  of  fusion.  A  single 
grain  weight  of  gold  can  be  drawn  into  a  wire  500  feet  in 
length,  and  sheets  can  be  obtained  by  beating  of  which 
300,000  would  be  required  to  make  an  inch  in  thickness, 
and  these  leaves,  though  so  thin  aa  to  transmit  light 
(green  in  color),  may  be  still  further  reduced  in  thickness 
by  floating  for  a  short  time  on  a  solution  of  cyanide  of 
potassium.  In  hardness  gold  Is  between  aluminum  and 
silver.  Pure  gold  haa  a  tensile  strength  of  aeven  tona 
per  aquare  inch,  but  an  admixture  of  some  other  metala 
having  high  atomic  values,  such  as  lead,  bismuth,  tellu- 
rium, etc.,  renders  the  metal  very  brittle.  One  part  of 
bismuth  in  2000  of  gold  makes  an  alloy  which  may  be 
crumbled  in  the  fingers.  Gold  fuses  at  about  2240°  F., 
and  when  highly  heated  is  slightly  volatile.  The  vola- 
tility of  gold  is  increased  by  alloying  with  some  other 
metals.  Experiments  have  shown  that  100  parts  of  geld 
alloyed  with  twelve  parts  of  copper,  if  subjected  to  a 
heat  sufficiently  high  to  keep  it  melted  for  a  period  of 
aix  hourB,  loBes  0.234%  of  the  gold  and  an  increase  in  the 
amount  of  copper  was  accompanied  by  an  increase  in  loss 
of  gold.  Gold  alloyed  with  silver  only  is  not  as  volatile 
aa  when  copper  is  also  present.  There  is  always  a  cer- 
tain loss  by  volatilization  when  gold  is  poured  from  a 
melting  pot  into  molds,  particularly  when  copper  is 
present. 

The  Federal  atatutea  limit  each  placer  claim  to  an  area 
twenty  acres,  but  permit  an  individual  to  take  as  many 
aa  eight  separate  locations  of  twenty  acres  eich,  or  total 
of  160  acres.  These  may  or  may  not  be  contiguous  loca- 
tions. On  each  claim  $100  worth  of  work  must  be  per- 
formed annually,  or,  if  desirable,  the  work  may  all  be 
done  at  a  single  place— $800  worth  for  the  benefit  of  all 
the  claims  which,  to  take  advantage  of  this  provision  of 
the  law,  must  be  contiguous,  or  if  only  two  or  more 
are  contiguous  the  work  necessary  to  "represent"  the 
two  or  more  claims — $100  worth  being  done  for  each 
claim  In  the  group.  For  Instance,  If  five  claims  were 
located  in  one  group,  at  one  place,  in  a  gulch,  and  three 
claims  In  another  group  In  another  gulch,  it  would  be 
proper  and  miner-like  to  begin  work  on  the  lowest  or 
down-stream  claim,  and  in  one  instance  $500  worth  of  work 
must  be  done  or  improvements  made,  and  in  the  other 
case  $300  worth.  An  association,  company  or  corpora- 
tion cannot  take  up  more  than  160  acres  of  placer  ground, 
and  such  association  must  consist  of  at  least  eight  per- 
sons. It  is  also  necessary  that  placer  locations  shall  con- 
form as  nearly  as  possible  to  the  subdivisions  of  the  sur- 
veyed lands,  and  for  thia  purpose  forty-acre  tracts  may 
be  subdivided  into  ten-acre  tracts— a  block  of  ground 
660  feet  square.  The  mining  laws  of  Arizona  require 
that  a  hole  10  feet  deep  be  sunk  on  the  claim  within 
ninety  days  after  location  (or  deeper  If  necassary  to  ahow 
ore  in  place),  and  to  record  the  location  in  the  office  of 
the  County  Recorder,  and  to  properly  monument  the 
claim.  In  addition  to  the  above  the  annual  asaesament 
work  must  be  done  as  required  by  the  laws  of  the  United 
StateB.  In  a  group  of  claimB  located  in  Arizona  the  ter- 
ritorial law  requires  that  the  10-foot  shaft,  or  its  equiva- 
lent, be  sunk  on  each  claim,  but  the  annual  assessment 
work  may  thereafter  be  all  done  at  one  place— $100  for 
each  claim  in  the  group— if  it  can  be  shown  that  such  con- 
centration of  work  be  for  the  benefit  of  all  the  claims  of 
the  group. 


199 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26,  1903. 


The  riechanical  Drying  of  Hinerals.* 

Written  by  C.  O.  Bartlett. 

While  the  mountains  of  our  country  are  rich  in  de- 
posits of  gold,  silver  and  other  precious  minerals, 
and  lead  and  zinc  are  found  iin  many  of  our  prairie 
sections,  as  well  as  in  the  mountains,  and  coal  and 
oil  in  nearly  every  section,  all  of  which  have  been  and 
are  now  being  searched  for  in  every  locality,  yet 
there  are  many  places  where  there  are  deposits  of 
fine  clay,  suitable  for  firebrick,  sewer  pipe,  crockery, 
paints  and  Portland  cement,  which  remain  untouched. 

Ten  years  ago  the  manufacture  of  Portland  cement 
in  this  country  was  comparatively  a  new  industry, 
and  we  were  paying  exorbitant  prices  for  English 
and  German  brands.  Engineers  began  to  investi- 
gate, and  soon  found  a  fine  quality  of  clay,  marls, 
limestone  and  chalk  suitable  for  making  Portland 
cement.  Capitalists  put  money  into  the  business, 
and  the  result  has  been  that  last  year  more  than 
15,000,000  of  barrels  of  Portland  cement  were  manu- 
factured in  our  country,  and  of  a  better  quality  than 
could  be  produced  in  England  or  Germany.  Entire 
buildings  are  now  being  made  of  it  and  railroads  are 
using  it  extensively. 

To  utilize  these  clays,  limestones,  etc.,  in  cement, 
it  was  found  necessary  to  dry  them.  Clay  varies  in 
moisture  from  10%  to  25%  and  limestone  from  6%  to 
12%,  hence  the  necessity  for  some  kind  of  mechanical 
drier.  As  it  is  with  clays  for  Portland  cement,  so 
with  clays  for  paints.  A  certain  so-called  clay  near 
Bedford,  W.  Va.,  is  so  rich  in  iron  and  aluminum 
that  by  drying  and  calcining  (burning  out  the  vege- 
table matter),  leaving  iron,  aluminum  and  silica,  and 
afterwards  mixing  in  oil,  it  makes  a  fine  paint,  rich 
in  aluminum,  and  a  pine  board  painted  with  one  coat, 
will  stand  a  high  heat  for  some  time  without  burning 
the  wood. 

I  have  seen  so-called  clay  paint  in  Madison  county, 
Mont.,  so  rich  in  aluminum  and  iron  that  by  simply 
drying,  pulverizing  and  mixing  with  oil,  it  has  stood 
a  severe  weather  test  for  years. 

There  are  three  ways  to  mechanically  dry  minerals: 

First — By  direct  heat,  by  which  is  generally  meant 
the  use  of  the  rotary  drier,  or  a  horizontal  cylinder, 
set  in  brickwork  with  front  and  grates  similar  to  a 
horizontal  boiler.  The  cylinder  is  set  on  an  incline 
and  revolves  from  five  to  eight  revolutions  a  minute. 
The  material  to  be  dried  is  fed  into  the  cylinder  at 
the  front  end,  the  fire  being  at  the  other  end,  and  at 
each  revolution  of  the  cylinder  the  pulp  is  carried 
forward  toward  the  discharge  end. 

Second — By  air,  which  has  first  been  heated,  either 
by  direct  heat  or  by  steam  pipes,  and  afterwards 
passed  through  the  material  to  be  dried. 

Third — By  steam  heat  direct,  bringing  the  ma- 
terial to  be  dried  in  direct  contact  with  the  steam 
cylinder  or  pipes. 

The  first  method  is  the  cheapest,  for  the  reason 
that  by  using  direct  heat  a  temperature  of  2500°  to 
3000°  can  be  had,  while  by  using  heated  air  the  tem- 
perature is  very  much  less,  and  by  using  direct  steam 
heat  the  temperature  is  only  from  230°  to  330',  ac- 
cording to  the  amount  of  steam  pressure,  and  this 
temperature  is  on  the  inside  of  the  pipes  of  cylinder, 
which  means  considerably  less  temperature  on  the 
outside,  where  the  material  is.  By  first  superheat- 
ing the  steam  the  temperature  can  be  made  much 
higher,  but  the  cost  of  superheating  the  steam  will 
nearly  counterbalance  all  gain  in  temperature. 
Great  care  should  be  taken  in  the  construction  and 
erection  of  all  direct  heat  driers;  all  iron  parts 
should  be  so  constructed  as  to  allow  for  contraction 
and  expansion.  All  settings  and  bearings  for  the 
drier  should  be  substantial,  on  account  of  the  liability 
to  get  out  of  place  by  the  settling  of  the  brickwork 
and  by  the  extreme  heat.  The  steel  sheets  of  the 
cylinder  should  be  of  the  entire  length,  and  all  seams 
should  run  the  longitudinal  way  of  the  cylinder. 
There  should  be  no  cross  seams  at  all. 

In  building  steam  driers  great  care  must  be  taken 
with  every  joint  and  rivet,  otherwise  the  contraction 
and  expansion  will  cause  the  joints  and  rivets  to  leak. 

In  drying  any  and  all  kinds  of  materials  they  should 
first  be  broken  into  2-inch  cubes  or  less,  as  it  does 
not  pay  to  dry  large  pieces.  All  material  is  sup- 
posed to  have  been  crushed  before  entering  the  drier. 

It  is  necessary  to  have  as  large  heating  surface  as 
possible  and  to  keep  the  material  being  dried  con- 
stantly in  motion,  cascading  it  through  the  heat  so 
that  the  heat  can  easily  penetrate  through  a  thin 
body  of  material,  carrying  off  the  moisture. 

The  cost  of  drying  minerals  depends,  first,  upon 
the  amount  of  water  or  moisture  contained  therein. 
In  other  words,  concentrates,  ores  or  silica  will  not 
carry  more  than  10%  or  12%  moisture,  while  clays 
and  marls  will  carry  two  or  three  times  as  much, 
and  peat  will  sometimes  have  as  much  as  80%  mois- 
ture. It  is  generally  safe  to  estimate  on  evaporating 
ten  pounds  of  water  for  one  pound  of  coal  (or  its 
equivalent)  used.  When  drying  concentrates,  ores, 
limestone  and  other  similar  substances,  where  the 
fire  can  pass  through  the  material  to  be  dried,  there- 

*  Trans.  Am.  Min.  Congress.    (Condensed). 


fore,  it  will  be  readily  seen  that  it  will  not  pay  to  dry 
any  kind  of  material  containing  80%  moisture,  unless 
it  is  very  valuable.  It  can  be  dried,  but  the  cost  of 
doing  it  will  probably  be  more  than  the  finished  prod- 
uct is  worth. 

To  dry  peat,  we  start  with  100  tons  of  peat  con- 
taining 80%  moisture,  and  reduce  it  to  5%  moisture, 
which  means  to  evaporate  75  tons  of  water,  leaving  25 
tons  of  peat,  containing  5  tons  of  water.  It  will  take 
one  pound  of  coal  (or  its  equivalent)  to  evaporate  ten 
pounds  of  moisture,  which  means  no  less  than  15,000 
pounds  of  coal  to  dry  the  100  tons  of  i  eat,  and  it  is 
difficult  in  drying  peat  to  evaporate  ten  pounds  of 
moisture  with  one  pound  of  coal,  for  the  reason  that 
when  nearly  dry  it  becomes  combustible,  and  is  liable 
to  take  fire  and  burn,  consequently  it  requires  slow 
firing. 

There  are  those  who  believe  it  is  an  easy  matter  to 
dry  200  or  300  tons  of  peat  a  day,  and  that  it  can  be 
dried  cheaply,  but  I  wish  to  say  to  all  such  that  it  is 


The  Box  Electric  Drill. 

The  Box  electric  drill  was  on  exhibition  at  Dead- 
wood,  S.  D.,  during  the  session  of  the  American  Min- 
ing Congress.  F.  E.  Shepard  of  the  Denver  Engi- 
neering Works  Co.,  Denver,  Colo.,  had  charge  of  the 
drill  exhibition. 

By  referring  to  the  accompanying  illustration  it 
will  be  seen  that  the  connecting  rod  joins  with  a 
small  light  cylinder  moving  inside  of  the  main  drill 
shell,  the  cylinder  being  reciprocated  by  the  motion 
of  the  crank.  Inside  of  this  moving  cylinder  is  a 
heavy  piston  with  a  thick  piston  rod.  This  combined 
one-piece-steel  piston  and  rod  is  the  hammer  of  the 
drill,  and  when  in  motion  strikes  the  end  of  the  drill 
steel  with  the  end  of  the  heavy  piston  rod.  Each  end 
of  the  moving  cylinder  is  filled  with  air  at  atmos- 
pheric pressure,  which,  being  alternately  compressed 
and  rarefied,  is  designed  to  act  as  a  spring.  To  com- 
pensate for  possible  leakage,   and  to  insure  a  full 


"VT^X 


Box  Electric  Drill 


much  easier  to  say  than  to  do.  It  is  far  better  to 
store  the  peat  in  large  sheds,  or  even  out  of  doors, 
where  it  will  drain  and  dry  by  the  winds  and  sun, 
down  to  40%  moisture,  after  which  it  may  be  profit- 
ably dried  on  mechanical  driers. 

It  is  quite  a  different  matter  to  dry  100  tons  of 
concentrates,  or  ores,  for  here  we  have  but  8%  to 
10%  moisture,  which  we  wish  to  reduce  to  2. 5%,  which 
means  about  11,000  pounds  of  moisture,  requiring 
about  1100  pounds  of  coal  (or  its  equivalent)  to  dry  it, 
and  as  the  freight  rates  are  frequently  high  in  the 
mountain  regions  it  will  pay  to  dry  out  the  moisture 
before  shipping.  It  does  not  pay  to  ship  water  in 
ores  and  concentrates,  for  the  cost  of  drying  them  is 
usually  less  than  the  cost  of  freight. 

The  second  important  matter  as  to  the  cost  of  dry- 
ing minerals  is,  whether  the  material  to  be  dried  will 
admit  of  passing  the  products  of  the  fire  through  the 
material  without  injury.  Better  results  can  often  be 
obtained  from  the  same  amount  of  fuel  by  first  pass- 
ing the  heat  around  the  outside  of  the  drying  cylin- 
der, then  through  the  material.  By  this  means  (the 
temperature  of  the  gases  passing  off)  the  drier  can 
be  brought  down  to  125°  F.,  which  means  that  nearly 
the  entire  heat  of  the  coal  (or  its  equivalent)  is  util- 
ized, but  when  used  on  the  outside  of  the  drying  cyl- 
inder only,  not  quite  so  good  results  can  be  obtained. 

Most  minerals,  such  as  concentrates,  ores  and 
clays,  are  not  injured  by  passing  the  products  of 
combustion  through  them.  Some  fine  clays,  and  even 
some  kinds  of  sand  used  for  glassware,  will  not  admit 
of  it,  on  account  of  the  danger  of  coloration  by  the  fire 
products.  In  all  such  cases  it  is  necessary  to  use  oil 
or  gas  for  fuel,  or  to  keep  the  products  of  combustion 
on  the  outside  of  the  drying  cylinder. 

The  third  important  feature  is,  Whether  the  ma- 
terial to  be  dried  is  of  a  siliceous  or  clayey  nature. 
If  it  is  silica  the  moisture  is  easily  driven  off;  if  of  a 
clayey  nature  it  will  be  more  difficult  to  evaporate 
the  moisture,  besides  the  sticky  material  is  liable  to 
adhere  to  the  parts  of  the  drier,  causing  trouble, 
and  consequently  more  expense  in  drying.  It  is 
seldom,  however,  that  anything  adheres  to  a  heated 
surface. 

The  next  feature  as  to  the  cost  of  drying  is  whether 
the  material  is  of  an  expensive  nature,  or  whether 
there  is  danger  of  burning,  such  as  coal,  peat  and 
similar  materials.  If  so,  the  heat  must  be  of  a  low 
degree.  There  is  no  danger  of  burning  anything 
when  it  contains  a  considerable  amount  of  moisture, 
and  in  drying  some  kinds  of  such  materials  it  is  some- 
times well  to  use  two  driers,  firing  heavy  on  the  first 
drier  while  there  is  plenty  of  moisture,  and  finishing 
on  another  drier  with  light  firing. 

The  fifth  feature,  regarding  the  cost  of  drying,  is 
whether  it  be  necessary  to  dry  to  a  very  low  degree 
of  moisture;  in  other  words,  it  is  more  expensive  to 
dry  down  to  \%  than  to  2%.  Generally  speaking, 
however,  it  is  not  necessary  to  go  below  from  2%  to 
5%  on  most  materials. 


supply  of  air,  two  ports  are  cut  in  the  side  of  the 
moving  cylinder,  located  so  that  as  soon  as  the  piston 
moves  from  its  central  position  one  port  is  opened  to 
the  atmosphere  and  a  supply  of  air  rushes  in.  These 
two  ports  also  serve  to  equalize  the  pressure  on  both 
sides  of  the  piston  every  time  the  piston  passes  its 
central  position. 

A  hinge  between  the  guide  shell  and  the  cone  of 
the  clamp  enables  the  whole  drill  to  be  tipped  to  one 
side  or  the  other,  thereby  enabling  long  drill  steels 
to  be  inserted  or  removed  from  the  drill  or  hole  with- 
out disturbing  or  changing  the  "  set-up  "  of  the  drill. 

The  Denver  Engineering  Works  Co.,  Denver,  Colo., 
manufacture  the  drill. 


A  California  Drift  Mine. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by  W.  E.  Thorne. 

In  the  following  the  writer  has  endeavored  to  show 
some  facts,  not  "  theories,"  in  regard  to  some  of  the 
cement  covered  gravels  of  California.     Fig.  1  shows 


<£>(»■«.. 


£.     Cr,ts-  -secrisi^^-W 

<S7««  2,0  oe' 
Plan  and  Section  California  Drift  Mine. 


a  plan  of  that  part  of  the  channel  mentioned  in  this 
article.  At  A  A  it  has  a  width  of  200  feet  and  a 
length  on  the  channel  of  about  |  mile.  Fig.  2  shows 
the  face  of  the  bank  about  as  it  can  be  seen  to-day 
having  vertical  height  of  200  feet.     The  surface  of 


September  26,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


200 


the  lava  is  covered  by  a  growth  of  pine  and  spruce 
trees,  most  of  it  being  small  timber. 

Number  1,  or  bedrock  gravel,  carried  the  most 
values  and  is  about  5  feet  in  depth.  Number  2  is 
about  6  feet  deep,  carries  some  gold,  but  not  enough 
to  pay  to  drift;  number  3,  4  feet  in  depth,  some  gold; 
number  4,  3.5  feet  deep,  small  values;  number  5,  5.5 
feet — in  this,  the  upper  channel,  was  found  the 
coarsest  gold,  but  not  so  rich  as  No.  1.  All  the  bed- 
rock gravel  was  drifted  out  in  the  early  50's  and  is 
said  to  have  paid  well.  Later  it  was  worked  by  hy- 
draulicking,  about  one-half  being  worked  over,  then 
the  debris  law  put  a  stop  to  the  work.  In  working 
over  the  ground  a  good  many  quartz  veins  were 
found.  In  some  of  the  side  channels  that  crossed 
these  quartz  veins  there  was  found  an  abundance  of 
quartz  boulders,  also  extending  into  the  main  chan- 
nel, giving  to  the  channels  in  such  places  nearly  all 
white  gravel  and  causing  the  miners  to  call  them 
white  channels,  but  were  really  only  a  part  of  the 
same  channel.  As  a  rule,  these  parts  were  the 
richest. 

In  sketch  No.  1,  the  channel  from  the  east,  accord- 
ing to  some  of  the  miners  who  were  at  work  there, 
consisted  of  two  series,  running  in  almost  opposite 
directions,  but  after  a  careful  examination  and  by 
running  levels  over  the  same,  the  conclusion  was 
reached  that  it  was  the  same  channel — as  the  sketch 
indicates.  It  was  found  that  the  upper  end  of  the 
lower  section  was  about  10  feet  above  the  lower  end 
and  the  lower  end  of  the  upper  section  was  about  10 
feet  above  the  upper  end  of  the  lower  section.  The 
missing  section,  of  course,  we  could  not  tell  the 
length  of.  In  places  on  this  small  channel  we  found 
there  had  been  two  flows  of  lava,  as  we  found  two 
beds  of  gravel,  one  above  the  other.  In  the  section 
of  the  main  channel  there  are  found  four  distinct 
flows  of  lava.  In  some  parts  of  this  work  it  was 
found  that  the  erosion  had  cut  through  the  lava  and 
in  such  places  the  bed  of  gravel  was  continuous. 
Again  in  working  up  the  side  channels  we  found  that 
they  had  not  been  covered  by  the  first  or  second 
flows  of  lava  and  this  would  account  for  some  of  the 
gravel  being  on  top  of  the  lava  in  places,  also  prov- 
ing that  where  we  can  now  see  five  distinct  gravel 
beds  that  they  did  not  extend  all  along  the  channel, 
but  only  formed  small  bars  in  places. 

In  working  this  by  the  hydraulic  method  a  ditch 
was  built  some  12  miles  with  a  capacity  of  250  min- 
er's inches;  then  by  a  series  of  storage  reservoirs, 
one  at  the  head  of  the  pipe  line,  a  No.  3  giant  was 
used  for  three  or  four  hours  at  a  time.  A  bedrock 
cut  was  brought  up  from  the  lower  end  and  for  a 
time  carried  off  all  the  tailings;  later  a  tunnel  was 
driven  and  all  material  passed  out  that  way.  There  is 
quite  a  lot  of  clay  in  places  in  this  gravel.  This  caused 
the  company  to  have  an  undercurrent  built  about 
i  mile  down  the  canyon.  This  undercurrent  caught 
enough  gold  to  pay  for  a  watchman  all  the  time  dur- 
ing operation  and  leave  about  $100  per  month  for  the 
company.  A  short  time  after  this  company  ceased 
operations  three  practical  miners  obtained  a  lease 
on  the  canyon  between  the  undercurrent  and  the 
lower  end  of  the  main  sluices  and  in  less  than  six 
months  they  had  cleaned  up  about  $2500.  This  shows 
that  a  good  undercurrent  at  the  lower  end  of  the 
main  sluices  might  have  been  a  good  investment. 
The  bedrock  is  of  clay  slates  and  after  exposure  they 
decompose  rapidly.  In  some  places  that  which 
looked  like  solid  rock  proved  to  be  full  of  small  seams 
that  had  been  cemented  by  the  decomposing  of  the 
iron  pyrites  and  were  very  rich  in  some  places,  pay- 
ing to  work  to  3  or  4  feet  in  depth. 


Aerial  Tramways.* 

Written  by  S.  Da  Zombohia,  C.  E. 

In  addressing  you  upon  the  subject  of  aerial  tram- 
ways as  an  economical  means  of  transportation,  it  is 
not  my  object  to  enter  into  a  technical  discussion  of 
the  subject,  but,  rather,  to  discuss  the  conditions 
which  warrant  the  construction  of  such  aids  to  min- 
ing enterprises,  and  those  types  which  will  give  the 
most  satisfactory  results  from  the  mine  operator's 
point  of  view,  as  well  as  some  of  the  many  advan- 
tages of  this  system  of  transporting  ores  from  the 
mine  to  the  reduction  plant. 

As  a  curious  fact,  we  could  mention  that  wire  ropes 
served  for  transportation  methods  many  centuries 
past,  and  research  among  the  ruins  of  Pompeii  have 
brought  to  light  wire  rope,  specimens  of  which  are 
to  be  seen  in  museums  in  Naples.t  There  are  wood 
cuts  in  some  of  the  mediaeval  German  books  which  show 
perfectly  developed  tramways.  The  early  methods  of 
this  mode  of  transportation  passed  into  oblivion, 
however,  and  it  was  not  brought  again  into  extended 
use  until  the  '40s  of  the  last  century. 

Almost  from  the  origin  of  trams  we  find  that  two 
distinct  types  were  known — the  single  and  the  double 
rope  tram.    The  home  of  the  former  was  in  England, 

tThe  Broderlck  &  Bascom  Rope  Co.  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  of  which  the 
author  of  this  paper  Is  one  of  the  aerial  tramway  engineers,  have 
excellent  photographs  of  some  of  these  old  Pompeiian  cables. 

*  Trans.  Am.  Min.  Congress.    (Condensed}. 


while  the  double  rope  system  is  extensively  used  in 
Germany  and  the  whole  world. 

The  experience  of  the  past  two  or  three  decades 
have  shown  many  marked  advantages  of  this  type  of 
transportation.  Discussing  the  merits  of  both  the 
single  and  double  rope  types  the  advantages  might 
be  expressed  thus  : 

Undulated  profile  is  of  little  importance,  since 
these  tramways  are  equally  effective  on  plains  or  in 
a  mountainous  country.  Expensive  understructures, 
viaducts  or  trestle  work,  is  absolutely  unnecessary, 
the  ropes  being  suspended  on  wooden  towers,  which 
are  of  simple  construction,  erected  at  intervals  of 
200  or  300  feet.  If  the  formation  of  the  ground  does 
not  permit  these  distances,  it  is  possible  to  construct 
spans  of  even  as  many  thousand  feet.  Deep  gulches 
and  ravines  (which  are  effectual  barriers  to  trans- 
portation of  other  types),  offer  no  obstruction  to  a 
rope  tramway,  and  some  of  the  finest  tramways  in 
the  country  have  solved  just  such  problems  for  mine 
operators.  Climatic  conditions  in  no  manner  inter- 
fere with  the  action  of  a  tramway,  permitting  the 
continuous  operation  in  most  inclement  weather. 
Thus  the  heavy  expense  of  keeping  mountain  roads 
open  during  the  winter  are  avoided. 

Another  marked  advantage  is  the  fact  that  the 
time  occupied  in  construction  is  much  less  than  for 
the  construction  of  other  systems  of  transportation. 
Especially  is  this  true  in  a  mountainous  country. 
The  adaptability  of  the  tramway  is  so  great  that  it 
will  meet  the  most  urgent  demands  made  upon  it, 
and,  unlike  rail  or  wagon  roads  (should  occasion  de- 
mand), the  plant  can  be  wrecked  and  installed  in  a 
new  location  at  moderate  erst  and  with  a  surpris- 
ingly short  loss  in  operating  time. 

In  the  main  these  advantages  apply  to  both  the 
single  and  double  rope  types.  Both  types  have 
their  advantages.  I  only  will  compare  them.  The 
single  rope  type  being  much  simpler  in  its  construc- 
tion, having  less  parts,  has  the  advantage  in  being 
cheap  in  primary  cost  and  erection.  Its  principal 
drawback  is  that  it  can  convey  only  a  limited  amount 
of  material.  There  are  tramways  of  this  system 
with  an  hourly  capacity  of  thirty-five  tons,  yet  these 
particular  tramways  did  not  get  beyond  the  experi- 
mental stage,  and  it  is  not  advisable  to  deliver  more 
than  20  tons  per  hour.  The.  practical  mine  operator, 
whose  hope  and  ambition  is  to  vastly  increase  the 
output  of  his  mine,  would  hardly  consent  to  install  a 
system  which  in  itself  was  of  so  limited  capacity. 
Yet  its  main  advantage,  as  stated,  is  its  cheapness 
of  construction,  a  fact  which  always  must  be  taken 
into  consideration. 

Another  disadvantage  of  this  system  is  the  fact  that 
the  strain  upon  the  parts  is  heavy,  with  consequent 
expense  of  repairs  and  loss  of  time  in  operation,  itself 
no  small  item  in  working  costs. 

The  double  rope  system,  which  is  of  far  more  ex- 
tensive use,  is  more  costly  in  installation,  but  is 
always  advantageous  on  account  of  its  capability  of 
increased  capacity  as  occasion  demands  in  the  future 
development  and  output  of  a  mine.  Speaking  of 
capacity,  I  could  mention  that  there  are  lines  which 
deliver  250  tons  of  ore  per  hour.  This  special  line 
has  been  in  almost  continuous  operation  since  the  fall 
of  1898,  and  since  its  installation  its  repairs  have 
been  of  such  trifling  cost  that  even  its  builders  have 
been  surprised.  Operating  costs  are  low.  One 
Colorado  tramway,  which  traverses  a  very  rough, 
mountainous  country,  approximately  10,000  feet  in 
length,  is  handling  ore  at  a  cost  of  17.6  cents  per 
ton,  with  the  cost  of  maintenance  1.5  cent  per  ton. 
These  admirably  low  figures  are  due  to  the  fact  that 
the  systems  now  being  perfected  require  the  services 
of  only  very  few  men  on  the  entire  line.  The  addition 
of  automatic  devices,  which  perform  the  work  of 
loading  and  dumping,  have  generally  decreased  the 
labor  costs  until  now  only  one  or  two  men  are  re- 
quired to  watch  the  loading  of  the  buckets.  As  is 
generally  understood,  most  of  the  double  rope  tram- 
ways which  are  in  operation  through  the  mining  dis- 
tricts of  the  country,  require  no  power,  being  oper- 
ated by  gravity  entirely.  Even  then  the  power 
which  is  produced  by  the  weight  of  the  buckets  can 
be  turned  into  a  source  of  profit,  being  sufficient  to 
meet  demands  for  ventilating  purposes,  for  the 
operation  of  dynamos  for  lighting  plants  and  operat- 
ing mine  pumps,  as  can  be  seen  in  some  of  the  larger 
Western  mines. 

The  division  of  strain  upon  the  ropes  in  this  double- 
rope  system  reduces  the  repair  bills  and  at  the  same 
time  renders  stoppages  less  frequent. 

Returning  for  a  moment  to  the  matter  of  automatic 
systems :  There  is  to-day  a  tendency  to  render 
these  tramways  more  and  more  automatic  in  their 
operation.  It  is  a  question  in  the  mind  of  the  trained 
engineer.  Just  what  is  the  limit  ?  What  is  of  more 
concern  to  the  prospective  or  actual  owner  of  a 
tramway  ?  How  far  can  we  go  in  making  the  tram 
entirely  independent  of  human  control  and  then  take 
the  risk  of  the  eventualities  which  are  connected 
with  all  such  machinery  1 

Reduction  of  labor  costs  is  always  an  object  in  con- 
sidering operating  costs,  but  yet,  in  the  opinions  of 
many  engineers,  it  will  not  be  advisable  to  entirely 
dispense  with  it.  The  aim  of  the  constructing 
engineer  should  be  to  plan  a  tramway  which  would  be 
as  nearly  automatic  as  is  consistent  with  due  regard 
for  the  safe  conveyance  of  its  traffic. 

In  all  the  double-rope  systems  which  are  in  general 


use,  the  principle  of  construction  is  the  same.  That 
is,  the  ropes,  pulleys  and  sheaves,  as  well  as  the 
other  machinery  in  use,  perform  their  duties  in  the 
same  general  fashion,  differing  only  in  design.  The 
difference  between  the  systems  is  chiefly  in  the  mat- 
ter of  attaching  buckets  to  the  rope.  Therefore, 
double-rope  tramways  might  be  divided  into  three 
general  types:  First — The  system  in  which  a  clip 
or  lug  nut  is  permanently  attached  to  the  running 
rope  which  drags  the  bucket  suspended  on  a  stand- 
ing or  immovable  rope. 

Second — That  system  in  which  a  clutch  attached  to 
the  bucket  seizes  the  running  rope  and  remains  at- 
tached thereto  by  means  of  friction.  This  latter 
system  might  be  further  subdivided  into  two  classes  : 
One  in  which  the  friction  is  created  by  an  eccentric- 
ally operating  lever  locked  and  released  automatic- 
ally, securing  a  constant  friction  that  is  independent 
of  the  angle  which  the  traction  rope  forms  with  the 
horizontal ;  second,  one  in  which  the  clutch  exerts 
friction  on  the  traction  rope  by  a  lever  on  which 
the  weight  of  the  bucket  is  transmitted.  This  fric- 
tion varies  with  the  cosine  of  the  angle  the  line  forms 
with  the  horizontal. 

The  third  and  latest  development  is  that  system  in 
which  the  buckets  are  fastened  permanently  at  cer- 
tain distances  to  the  traction  rope.  On  this  system 
the  buckets  are  loaded  with  a  walking  bin,  which 
runs  simultaneously  on  parallel  rails  above  the 
buckets  in  the  station,  loading  the  same. 

It  is  impossible  to  here  enter  into  extended  discus- 
sion of  the  merits  of  these  three  systems  of  double- 
rope  tramways;  but  I  will  mention  some  of  the  most 
marked  differences.  The  clip  system  enables  us  to 
handle  the  buckets  at  exactly  the  same  intervals. 
This  prevents  accidents  which  might  result  from  the 
failure  of  laborers  to  keep  the  buckets  loaded  and 
moving  at  the  proper  distances.  One  marked  disad- 
vantage of  this  type  is  the  fact  that  the  wear  on  the 
traction  rope  is  constantly  in  the  same  place,  there- 
by weakening  the  strength  of  the  rope  at  these 
points. 

Shifting  the  clips  from  time  to  time  is  resorted  to 
in  an  effort  to  overcome  this  difficulty,  but  with  a 
more  or  less  extended  loss  of  time.  In  the  second 
class  this  difficulty  is  not  encountered,  because  the 
grip  seldom  if  ever  clutches  the  same  spot  on  the 
traction  rope  at  the  same  place  twice  in  succession. 
Slight  alterations,  also,  in  the  relative  position  of  the 
buckets  on  the  rope  work  no  disadvantage  in  the  oper- 
ation of  this  second  type.  To  secure  an  even  distri- 
bution of  the  buckets  along  the  line,  signals  are 
easily  arranged  by  which  the  workman  is  enabled  to 
estimate  the  proper  intervals.  With  the  assistance 
of  the  electrically  working,  friction-grip  arrange- 
ment, as  well  as  with  the  clip,  all  grades  can  be  over- 
come, because  the  friction  on  the  traction  rope  is 
constant  and  uniform.  In  the  type  in  which  the 
weight  of  the  bucket  is  transferred  by  means  of  a 
lever  on  the  clutch  and  is  transformed  to  friction,  the 
limitation  of  the  grades  to  be  overcome  is  confined  to 
those  not  in  excess  of  45°. 

The  third  system — that  in  which  the  buckets  are 
attached  permanently  to  the  traction  rope — is  prob- 
ably the  most  promising  one,  as  there  the  loading  of 
the  buckets  is  automatic,  with  corresponding  savings 
in  operating  costs.  The  more  or  less  complicated 
grips  and  clip  catchers  are  done  away  with.  It  re- 
quires buckets  of  less  expensive  construction  and 
overcomes  any  grade  that  any  other  system  of  rope 
tramways  can  traverse.  This  last  type  of  construc- 
tion is  of  such  recent  development  that  compara- 
tively few  plants  are  in  operation  in  this  country. 
As  far  as  is  known,  it  renders  most  successful  ser- 
vice. 

And  now  a  word  as  to  the  costs  of  installation  of 
rope  tramways.  Naturally,  the  single  rope  tram- 
way is  the  cheaper  type  of  construction,  but  popular 
opinion  is  more  favorable  towards  the  double  rope 
tramway,  as  evidenced  by  the  number  of  that  type 
which  have  been  and  are  being  installed  by  mine 
managers.  The  heavier  the  traffic  to  be  handled  the 
heavier  and  more  substantial  parts  must  be  used  in 
the  construction  work.  Many  other  considerations, 
based  upon  the  peculiar  conditions  which  attend  the 
installations  of  tramways  at  different  mines,  must  be 
considered  in  the  individual  case.  Generally  speak- 
ing, we  are  within  limits  when  we  say  that  including 
all  the  machinery  parts  the  average  price  per  foot 
of  line  constructed  may  be  regarded  as  ranging  from 
$1.80  to  $2.00  per  foot.  These  figures  include  the 
necessary  wire  cables,  towers,  sheaves  and  buckets. 
To  these  figures  must  be  added  the  construction 
costs,  which  vary  according  to  freight  rates,  prices 
of  timber,  labor  and  delivery  to  the  point  of  con- 
struction. Very  naturally  this  affords  a  wide  vari- 
ation in  costs,  but  as  an  example  it  might  be  cited 
that  in  Colorado  the  construction  costs  would  prob- 
ably be  from  $1.00  to  $1.15  per  foot.  Therefore,  it  is 
safe  to  estimate  the  entire  cost  of  a  tramway  per 
foot  in  this  region  (Black  Hills,  S.  D.),  where  the 
conditions  are  approximately  the  same  as  in  Colo- 
rado, at  from  $3.00  to  $3.10  per  running  foot. 

The  subject  of  rope  tramways  and  their  applica- 
tion to  mining  and  manufacturing  industries  the 
world  over  is  a  subject  upon  which  any  engineer 
might  talk  for  hours.  The  economics  which  are 
effected  in  all  industries  in  which  their  use  is  possi- 
ble are  so  generally  recognized  that  no  argument  in 
their  behalf  is  necessary.    Every  mining  man  of  the 


201 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26,  1903. 


West  can  probably  cite  examples  of  mines  whose 
profitable  operation  without  the  aid  of  tramways 
would  not  be  possible.  In  conclusion,  let  me  repeat 
a  beautiful  tribute  to  the  tramway,  the  work  of  a 
fellow  engineer  unknown  to  me,  whose  beautiful  alle- 
gory is  more  expressive  than  language  of  my  own: 

"  Nestled  silently  in  the  clouds,  away  up  above  the 
timber  line,  nature  has  hidden  almost  inaccessibly  its 
treasures.  Deep  down  below  in  a  valley  stands  a  re- 
duction plant  which  day  by  day  with  the  aid  of 
human  genius  converts  ore  into  wealth.  Eeluctant 
to  give  up  her  treasures,  nature  wages  a  constant 
warfare  with  man,  calling  to  her  aid  the  snows  and 
ice  of  winter  altitude,  precipice  and  ravine.  But 
man  won  the  fight.  Two  slender  wire  cables,  puny 
in  appearance  despite  their  strength,  span  ravine, 
rise  over  precipice  and  scale  the  heights,  disappear- 
ing among  the  clouds.  With  their  aid  man  has  en- 
compassed the  defeat  of  nature.  Silently,  unpreten- 
tiously, disdainfully  ignoring  the  grumbling  of  nature 
over  her  defeat  and  her  efforts  to  overthrow  the 
work  of  man,  the  cables  modestly  move  forward — the 
connecting  link  between  mountain  and  valley,  a 
private  soldier  of  the  mining  industry,  always  alert, 
always  performing  his  duty,  always  obeying  his  com- 
mands and  rendering  invaluable  service  in  adding  to 
the  wealth  of  the  nation." 


Quicksilver  Reduction  at  New  Alma= 
den,   Cal. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Walter  W.  Bradley. 

Much  has  already  been  said  and  written  in  the 
past  about  the  quicksilver  mines  and  their  equip- 
ment at  New  Almaden,  12  miles  south  of  San  Jose, 
Santa  Clara  county,  Cal.  It  is  not  the  writer's  in- 
tention to  enter  into  a  lengthy  technical  discussion  of 
means  and  methods  employed  there,  but  merely  to 
give  a  short  sketch  of  the  present-day  operations  at 
their  reduction  works,  as  observed  in  a  recent  visit. 
The  ore  is  brought  down  from  the  mines,  about  a  mile 
distant,  by  gravity  tramways  and  in  trains  pulled  by 
mules.  By  dumping  on  grizzlies  it  is  separated  into 
three  sizes — "granza"  (coarse),  3  to  7  inches  in 
diameter;  "granzita"  (medium),  and  "  tierras " 
(fines)  under  1}  inch  in  diameter.  These  three  sizes 
are  each  handled  by  separate  furnaces.  There  are 
two  circular  shaft  furnaces  for  the  granza,  and 
four  tile  furnaces — three  for  granzita  and  one  for 
tierras. 

Such  of  the  tierras  as  need  drying  are  spread  out, 
and,  when  dried,  are  elevated  to  the  charging  floor 
by  means  of  a  water  hoist — a  tank  of  water  balanc- 
ing a  car  full  of  ore — there  being  a  tank  under  the 
rails  of  both  hoist  platforms.  As  water  is  plentiful, 
this  furnishes  a  cheap  and  simple  method  of  raising 
the  ore  the  short  distance  necessary.  This  tierras 
furnace  will  hold  ninety  tons  of  ore  and  is  of  three 
compartments.  Each  compartment  is  charged  every 
forty  minutes  from  a  half-ton  car,  making  a  total  of 
fifty-four  tons  charged  every  twenty-four  hours.  It 
requires  fifty-two  hours  from  the  time  a  charge  en- 
ters at  the  top  until  it  is  drawn  out  from  the  bottom. 
The  interior  of  each  compartment  of  the  tile  furnace 
is  constructed  of  a  series  of  tiles  set  one  above 
another  at  an  angle  of  45°  with  the  horizon,  each  tile 
tilted  toward  the  next  below,  as  shown  in  the  ac- 
companying diagram. 

Each  double  set  of  inclined  tiles 
terminates  in  a  hopper-shaped  bottom, 
in  which  the  roasted  ore  collects  and 
from  which  it  is  drawn  out  into  cars 
below.  The  charges  are  all  shaken 
down  simultaneously  by  iron  arms 
operated  by  an  exterior  mechanism. 
About  12  feet  below  the  charging  floor 
is  the  firing  floor,  where  a  fireplace 
runs  across  one  side  of  the  furnace,  be- 
ing fed  at  both  ends  with  4-foot  sticks 
of  wood  (oak  and  redwood).  This 
furnace  is  the  one  seen  on  the  left  of 
the  center  in  the  accompanying  picture 
(where  the  firewood  is  piled  on  the 
platform). 

The  furnaces  in  which  the  granzita 
is  roasted  are  similar  in  construction 
to  the  tierras  furnace,  except  that  the 
tiles  are  farther  apart.  There  are 
Arraiitjuimit  of  three  of  these  furnaces — one  of  twenty- 
Tiles  in  Quick-  four  tons  daily  capacity,  one  thirty-six 
silver  Furnace,  tons  and  the  third  eighteen  tons.  The 
last  two  are  located  in  a  separate  build- 
ing, across  Hacienda  creek,  a  few  hundred  feet  distant. 
The  tramway  leading  to  them  is  seen  on  the  right  of 
the  picture.  Both  the  24-ton  and  the  36- ton  furnaces 
are  of  double  compartments.  .The  twoifurnaces  for  the 
granza  are  respectively  of  nine  and  seven  tons  daily 
capacity.  In  construction  they  are  modeled  somewhat 
after  the  cupola.  The  firing  floor  is  12  feet  above 
the  bottom  and  point  of  discharge  and  about  20  feet 
below  the  charging  floor.  There  are  three  fireboxes 
at  equi-distant  points  around  the  circular  shaft,  which 
is  8  feet  in  diameter.  Wood  is  also  used  here  and  a 
temperature  of  about  1300°  F.  is  obtained.  The  fur- 
nace is  charged  every  two  hours. 
Quite  a  lengthy  treatise  could  be  written  and  il- 


lustrated on  the  evolution  of  the  condensing  process 
and  construction  of  the  condensers  at  New  Almaden. 
The  lower  grade  of  the  ore  of  late  years,  as  compared 
with  the  bonanza  values  in  early  days,  has  been  the 
most  important  factor  in  causing  these  changes. 
Mercury,  like  other  things  of  value,  is  elusive  and 
prone  to  escape  man's  grasp.  Recently,  as  Foreman 
Wasley  informed  the  writer,  they  cleaned  up  the 
foundations  of  one  of  the  old  retorts,  taking  off  the 
surface  dirt  and  scraping  clean  the  bedrock — all  of 
which  material  was  panned  out  as  placer  gold  is 
panned.     This  netted  several  thousand  dollars'  worth 


ing  farther  and  farther  ahead,  not  only  of  Great 
Britain,  but  of  the  world — because  of  our  wealth  in 
coal.  In  1901  the  United  States  produced  practi- 
cally 40%  of  the  entire  world's  supply  of  pig  iron  and 
44%  of  the  entire  output  of  steel.  In  1902  this  coun- 
try added  nearly  2,000,000  tons  to  the  pig  iron  prod- 
uct of  1901,  and  reached  a  total  of  nearly  18,000,000 
long  tons.  In  1902  we  produced  almost  exactly 
double  the  amount  of  pig  iron  made  in  this  country  in 
1892,  ten  years  before,  and  about  four  times  that 
made  in  1882.  Iu  the  first  half  of  1903  the  furnaces 
of   the  United  States  turned  out  pig  iron  equal  in 


mmm 


MIXING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS 


Quicksilver  Furnaces  at  New  Almaden,  Santa  Clara  County,   Cal. 


of  mercury.  The  first  chamber  through  which  the 
vapors  pass  after  leaving  the  roaster  is  lined  with 
iron  pipes  carrying  circulating  cold  water.  From 
the  top  of  the  first  chamber  the  vapors  pass  to  the 
bottom  of  a  second  chamber,  and,  emerging,  are  led 
with  a  right  angle  turn  to  another  series  of  cham- 
bers, and  then  through  a  series  of  flues,  which  zigzag 
back  and  forth  across  the  hill  before  reaching  the 
flue  (see  hill  on  left  of  picture),  running  up  to  the 
stack.  At  each  turn  of  the  flues  is  a  small  chamber, 
which  is  cleaned  up  once  a  year,  enough  mercury 
being  obtained  from  them  to  a  little  more  than  pay  the 
expense  of  maintaining  them.  As  a  result  of  this 
lengthy  condensing  system,  very  little  smoke  and 
fumes  are  visible  emerging  from  the  stacks  on  the 
hill.  The  entire  plant  bandies  about  4000  tons  per 
month  of  ore  which  is  said  to  average  0.5%  mercury. 
The  cinnabar  occurs  in  disseminated  particles,  look- 
ing like  small,  red  blotches,  throughout  the  contain- 
ing gangue. 

The  total  output  of  the  New  Almaden  mines  since 
1850  is  given  at  approximately  1,000,000  flasks  of 
quicksilver.  The  present  company  is  the  Quicksilver 
M.  Co.,  with  Thomas  Derby  of  New  Almaden  as 
superintendent. 

The  St.  Louis  Exposition. 

Written  by  6.  W.  Parker. 

On  April  30, 1904,  the  gates  of  the  greatest  world's 
fair  and  universal  exposition  which  the  world  has 
ever  seen  will  be  opened  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.  When  the 
Louisiana  Purchase  Exposition  is  spoken  of,  almost 
the  first  question  asked  is:  "  How  is  it  going  to  com- 
pare with  Chicago  ?  "  Many  visitors  to  that  great 
show,  myself  among  them,  conceived  the  idea  that 
the  exposition  business  had  attained  the  acme  of  suc- 
cess in  the  White  City  of  Chicago.  If  any  one  had 
suggested  that  within  a  half  century  at  most  a 
greater  exposition  would  be  thrown  open  to  the 
world,  he  would  have  been  considered  of  unsound 
mind.  But  the  seemingly  impossible  is  being 
accomplished.  A  decade  has  scarcely  rounded  out 
since  we  walked  with  wonder  through  the  great 
buildings  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  gazed 
with  awe  upon  the  splendors  of  the  illuminated 
Court  of  Honor  and  amused  ourselves  among  the  mys- 
teries of  the  Midway  Plaisance,  and  now  we  see 
rising  at  St.  Louis  another  and  a  greater  dream  city. 
And  when  this  is  said,  it  is  said  without  exaggeration. 

The  experience  gained  through  the  wonderful  in- 
dustrial development  of  the  United  States  during 
the  last  quarter  of  the  nineteenth  century  shows 
that  it  is  to  our  coal  mines,  more  than  to  any  other 
one  cause,  that  our  present  supremacy  among  the 
nations  of  the  earth  is  due.  In  a  recently  published 
volume  on  the  adjustment  of  wages,  W.  J.  Ashley  of 
the  University  of  Birmingham,  England,  comments 
on  the  former  superiority  of  Great  Britain,  which 
was  founded  on  her  coal,  and  shows  how  since  1889 
the  United  States  has  outstripped  that  country  in 
iron  and  steel  manufacturing,  and  that  we  are  forg- 


amount  to  that  produced  in  all  other  countries  in  the 
world  in  a  similar  period  for  1901. 

A  large  space  has  been  reserved  in  the  Mines  and 
Metallurgy  building  for  the  display  of  the  exhibits 
representing  the  coal  mining  industry.  This  will  be 
divided  among  the  States  according  to  the  extent  of 
their  exhibits,  and  as  nearly  as  possible  according  to 
geographical  location. 

Some  of  the  interesting  features  of  this  coal  dis- 
play will  consist  of  large  relief  maps  of  some  of  the 
principal  coal  fields  of  the  country.  It  might  be  de- 
sirable to  have  such  maps  of  all  the  coal  mining  re- 
gion, but  it  is  not  possible  to  prepare  them.  Only 
such  regions  can  be  illustrated  in  this  way  as  have 
been  made  the  subject  of  topographical  and  geolog- 
ical surveys.  It  is  possible,  however,  to  obtain 
enough  of  such  data  and  to  prepare  enough  such 
maps  to  illustrate  in  a  general  way  the  manner  in 
which  our  coal  supply  is  stored  away.  These  maps 
will  show  practically  in  miniature  the  country  repre- 
sented. 

Another  interesting  feature  will  be  maps  of  two 
or  three  typical  mining  towns  or  camps,  illustrating 
the  character  of  such  communities  in  the  different 
States.  These  maps  will  also  show  the  tipple  and 
other  buildings  connected  with  the  operations  of  the 
mines,  miners'  houses,  etc.  On  still  larger  scale  will 
be  shown  models  of  working  mines  in  the  different 
States  and  illustrating,  as  far  as  possible,  typical 
conditions  existing  in  those  States.  It  is  proposed 
to  show  by  such  models  drift  mining  by  the  pillar- 
and-room  system;  shaft  mining  under  the  pill  a  r- and - 
room  system,  as  practiced  principally  in  Illinois  and 
Indiana;  slope  mining  under  the  pillar-and-room  sys- 
tem, and  under  a  modification  of  this  system,  as 
practiced  in  Arkansas  and  the  Indian  Territory; 
strip  or  open-work  mining,  as  practiced  to  a  consid- 
erable extent  in  Kansas  and  Missouri,  and  shaft  min- 
ing under  the  long-wall  system,  as  practiced  in  Kan- 
sas and  Missouri  and  also  in  Illinois. 

It  is  also  proposed  to  illustrate  ventilation,  under- 
ground haulage  and  hoisting,  and  the  pumping  or 
hoisting  of  water. 


Public  Lands  in  Cuba. 

The  following  statement  shows  the  extent  of  the 
public  lands  in  Cuba: 

Province.  Area — Acres. 

Santiago  de  Cuba 432, 744 

Puerto  Principe 6,387 

Santa  Clara 22,67 ; 

Total 461,808 

The  boundaries  of  these  lands  are  not  fixed,  and  in 
consequence  they  have  not  been  entered  in  the  regis- 
try of  property  (Registro  de  la  Propiedad).  They 
are  covered  with  forests,  and  as  most  of  them  are  in 
the  interior  no  availments  can  be  made,  owing  to  the 
absence  of  roads.  Some  of  the  public  lands  under 
the  care  of  the  Department  of  Finance  are  rented 
and  other  portions  have  been  ceded  to  private  par- 
ties in  consideration  of  an  annual  tribute  of  5%  of  the 
value  assigned  to  each  eaballeria  (thirty-three  acres). 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


202 


Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 

NDMBER   VI. 

Written  for  the  Minihg  and  scientific  Press  by 
w.  H.  Storms. 

The  Potazuba  mine  is  situated  a  short  distance 
northwest  of  the  Baliol  mine,  but  it  is  iu  the  black 
clay  elates  of  the  Calaveras  formation,  and  is  in  no 
way  connected  with  the  greenstone  schists.  The 
Potazuba  vein  has  a  strike  N.  20  W.,  and  can  be 
traced  by  recurring  surface  outcrops  several  hundred 
feet.  A  shaft  has  been  sunk  500  feet  on  the  vein  and 
extensive  levels  run.  About  150  feet  south  of  the 
shaft  the  vein  is  intersected  by  a  fissure,  striking  ap- 
proximately E. — W.,  and  dipping  south  at  about  50%. 
The  quartz  vein  of  the  Potazuba  ends  abruptly  at 
this  intersection,  it  having  the  appearance  of  flexing 
sharply  to  the  westward.  Near  this  point  of  inter- 
section on  the  surface  a  good  prospect  was  discov- 
ered, and  development  disclosed  a  short  shoot  of  high- 
grade  gold  quartz,  extending  from  the  surface  to 
about  the  100-foot  level.  From  this  about  $20,000 
was  taken,  when  the  pay  ceased,  and  although  a 
large  amount  of  development  has  since  been  donp, 
another  pay  shoot  was  not  found.  It  is  said  by  some 
of  the  miners  that  the  north  drift  followed  a  slip  out 
into  the  east  wall,  abandoning  the  main  fissure,  which 
maintained  its  true  course,  but  as  the  writer  never 
had  an  opportnity  to  investigate  the  grounds  upon 
which  this  statement  was  made  is  unable  to  give  any 
opinion,  though  such  things  are  not  unknown  in  the 
operation  of  mines. 

Northward  the  Potazuba  fissure  enters  the  diorite, 
which  forms  a  large  mass  in  this  vicinity,  with  an  in- 
creasingly greater  width  to  the  northward.  As  only 
shallow  shafts  and  prospect  holes  have  been  sunk  on 
it,  nothing  can  be  said  of  it  further  than  that  gold  is 
present  occasionally  in  the  quartz.  The  vein  in  the 
diorite  is  more  massive  than  in  the  slates,  where  it  is 
usually  banded. 

Two  miles  north  of  the  Potazuba,  at  Gold  Moun- 
tain mine,  is  found  a  large  vein,  10  feet  in  thickness, 
lying  at  a  low  angle  with  a  dip  to  the  northwest. 
This  vein  occurs  in  the  diorite  (or  grano-diorite),  be- 
ing a  portion  of  the  mass  near  the  Potazuba,  above 
referred  to.  At  Gold  Mountain  this  vein  has  been 
developed  extensively  and  a  large  quantity  of  the  ore 
milled.  It  contains  sulphides  of  iron,  copper,  lead 
and  zinc  in  small  amount,  with  occasionally  mispickle. 
Gold  is  associated  with  the  sulphides,  and  is  also  found 
free,  but  owing  to  the  low  grade  of  the  ore  it  has  not 
been  largely  remunerative.  An  unusual  amount  of 
silver  accompanies  the  gold  for  this  part  of  the  Cali- 
fornia gold  belt.  The  quartz  is  massive  with  many 
vugs  lined  with  crystals,  and  is  wholly  unlike  even  the 
massive  quartz  of  the  Mother  Lode  series. 

North  of  Amador  City,  on  the  mother  lode,  occur 
some  of  the  largest  outcrops  along  the-  entire  length 
of  the  belt.  The  shafts  and  tunnels  are  numerous  on 
the  various  mines,  and  in  some  of  these  interesting 
structural  features  have  been  developed.  The  quartz 
occurs  in  the  form  of  huge  masses,  usually  of  lentic- 
ular form,  though  not  always  as  symmetrical  as  the 
term  "lens"  may  suggest.  Some  of  these  occur 
wholly  in  black  slate,  and  others  in  the  amphibolite 
schist,  while  a  third  class  is  found  at  contact  of  these 
two  formations. 

The  Bunker  Hill  mine  has  developed  several  shoots 
of  gold  ore,  some  of  which  are  of  large  size.  This 
mine  in  its  early  history  produced  a  large  amount  of 
gold,  and  recent  developments  have  discovered  addi- 
tional bodies  of  ore. 

A  mile  northward  from  the  Bunker  Hill  is  the  Fre- 
mont Consolidated,  which  comprises  a  number  of 
claims,  one  of  which,  the  Gover,  was  formerly  worked 
to  a  depth  of  1500  feet  on  the  vein.  In  the  old 
Gover  workings  large  ore  bodies  were  found  in  the 
lower  levels,  one  of  which  is  staged  to  exceed  65  feet 
in  width.  This  mass  of  quartz  is  divided  by  interior 
fissures,  which  lie  approximately  parallel  with  the 
walls.  The  quartz  contains  free  gold  and  auriferous 
pyrite.  A  new  shaft  (Fremont)  has  been  sunk  near 
the  southern  end  of  the  property  since  1899,  and  this 
has  also  developed  large  masses  of  quartz  similar  in 
structure  to  those  occurring  in  the  neighboring 
mines. 

In  the  upper  portion  of  the  Gover  mine  there  are 
two  veins,  each  lying  at  contact  of  slate  and  green- 
stone schist,  the  slate  strip  90  feet  wide  occupying 
the  central  area  between  the  veins.  This  slate  in- 
creases in  width  with  depth.  The  easterly,  or  hang- 
ing wall  vein,  occupies  the  contact  to  a  depth  of 
nearly  800  feet,  where  it  pinches  and  becomes  ob- 
scure. The  foot  wall  vein  continues  for  several  hun- 
dred feet  as  a  solid  vein  and  then  branches  into 
numerous  stringers.  A  zone  of  crushed  slate,  con- 
taining fragments  and  veinlets  of  quartz,  calcite  and 
other  secondary  infiltrated  mineral,  evidently  marks 
the  crossing  of  the  foot  wall  fissure  across  the  slate 
strip  toward  the  hanging  wall  schist  until  it  reaches 
the  contact.     On  the  ninth  level  of  the  mine  the  slate, 


which  here  forms  the  foot  wall  of  the  vein  (the  hang- 
ing wall  vein  having  pinched  out  above),  "  straightens 
up"  and  a  large  mass  of  quartz  forms  between  the 
slate  and  schist.  As  these  large  quartz  masses  are 
found  at  various  levels  between  the  surface  and  the 
1000-foot  level,  it  is  not  unreasonable  to  expect  to 
find  them  at  intervals  to  much  greater  depth.  In 
the  south  end  of  the  Gover  mine,  on  the  fourth  level, 
a  fault  was  found  which  dislocated  the  vein,  hori- 
zontally, its  southward  continuation  being  found  50 
feet  to  the  westward.  This  fault  was  described  by 
the  writer  in  the  twelfth  report  of  the  State  Miner- 
alogist of  California  in  1894,  and  was  at  that  time  the 
first  fault  noted  on  the  lode.  Since  then,  however, 
numerous  faults  have  been  recognized  along  the  lode, 
some  of  which  have  previously  been  described  in  these 
papers. 

Proceeding  northward  along  the  gold  belt  the 
Pioneer  mine,  near  Plymouth,  is  one  of  unusual  inter- 
est, by  reason  of  its  rich  ores  and  the  sudden  disap- 
pearance of  values  in  the  vein.  In  this  property  there 
are  also  two  veins,  an  easterly,  or  hanging  wall  vein  of 
massive  quartz,  and  a  westerly  vein  of  banded 
structure,  the  latter  usually  proving  to  be  the  better 
vein.  These  veins  occur  wholly  in  black  slate.  The 
lower  workings  are  low  grade;  the  country  is  heavily 
fissured,  and  there  is  some  reason  to  believe  that 
possibly  the  development  was  misdirected  and  that  a 


The  Wilfley  Slime  Table. 

Herewith  are  two  vignette  illustrations  of  the  Wil- 
fley slime  table,  as  manufactured  and  supplied  by  the 
Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.  of  Denver,  Colo.  This 
table  was  devised  with  intent  to  concentrate  the 
slimes  and  finely  divided  particles  of  mineral  which 
were  too  fine  to  be  saved  on  standard  Wilfley  tables. 
By  placing  the  Wilfley  slime  table  below  these  con- 
centrators the  manufacturers  state  that  slimes  and 
fine  mineral  are  caught  and  saved  automatically. 

The  Wilfley  slime  table  is  described  as  being  an 
entirely  new  invention,  in  which  is  used  a  new  prin- 
ciple for  the  separation  of  fine  particles  of  mineral 
from  its  gangue.  The  table,  as  will  be  noted  from 
inspection  of  the  accompanying  engravings,  consists 
of  a  number  of  small,  shallow  troughs,  arranged  side 
by  side,  and  attached  to  chain  belts,  forming  in  the 
whole  a  large  belt  which  moves  across  the  table  very 
slowly.  While  this  belt,  or  series  of  troughs,  is 
slowly  moving  across  the  table  a  progressive  motion 
is  given  the  whole.  This  motion  is  produced  by  a 
simple  movement  similar  to  that  used  on  the  stand- 
ard Wilfley  tables,  the  rotation  of  the  belt  being  pro- 
duced by  worm  gear  and  sprocket  wheels  and  chain. 
According  to  the  claims  of   the   inventor,    the  pro- 


The  Wilfley  Slime  Table. 


further  search  in  depth  may  result  in  finding  the 
downward  continuation  of  the  upper  ore  bodies. 

The  Plymouth  Consolidated  mines  at  Plymouth 
have  been  closed  for  many  years,  and  the  writer  has 
never  had  an  opportunity  to  inspect  the  underground 
workings  of  this  property.  It  is  said,  however,  that 
both  walls  are  black  slate,  and  this  statement  is 
probably  correct,  as  indicated  by  the  dumps.  Pieces 
of  diabase  and  amphibolite  schist  are  frequently  seen 
also,  but  these  may  have  come  from  crosscuts.  The 
main  ore  shoot  is  described  as  a  large  massif  quartz 
with  ribbon  structure,  30  to  100  feet  wide. 

The  Shenandoah  mine  is  east  of  what  is  recognized 
as  the  mother  lode,  being  east  of  the  latter  several 
thousand  feet.  The  inclosing  formation  is  diorite, 
which,  near  the  vein,  is  altered  to  amphibolite  schist. 
The  gouge  is  black  and  often  slaty.  In  this  mine, 
also,  is  frequently  seen  two  veins  of  quartz,  the  one 
massive,  the  other  banded.  It  is  a  simple  fissure, 
however,  both  veins  occurring  therein.  The  banded 
ore  is  generally  the  better  in  grade.  There  are  no 
unusual  structural  peculiarities  in  this  vein. 

The  Bay  State  mine  is  on  the  mother  lode,  4  miles 
north  of  the  town  of  Plymouth.  There  are  in  this 
property  two  veins  lying  side  by  side.  The  easterly, 
or  hanging  wall  vein,  is  a  heavy  massive  quartz  vein, 
usually  with  small  values,  the  foot  wall  section  is 
banded  and  often  granular.  A  large  amount  of  cal- 
cite is  present  in  the  interstitial  spaces  of  the  quartz 
rock,  and  often  on  exposure  the  rock  crumbles.  A 
dike  rock  accompanies  the  vein.  Beside  these  there 
are  several  other  veins  in  the  property  lying  west- 
erly from  that  described.  One  of  these  is  known  as 
the  Kretcher  vein,  which  lies  within  the  slates. 
Southward  it  joins  a  second  vein,  which  has  the  black 
slate  for  a  hanging  wall,  and  a  diabase  foot  wall. 
These  veins  both  have  a  banded  structure  and  have 
produced  some  good  gold  ore. 

(TO   BE   CONTINUED.) 


gressive  motion  carries  off  the  silica  and  gangue, 
leaving  the  small  particles  of  ore,  concentrates  and 
slimes  in  the  troughs  of  the  main  belt  or  table  top. 
As  these  troughs  are  slowly  brought  to  the  lower 
side  of  the  table  they  encounter  a  spray  of  water, 
which  washes  them  into  a  concentrates  box  placed 
on  the  floor  underneath  the  table,  the  troughs  com- 
ing up  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  table  thoroughly 
clean.  The  tailings,  silica,  etc.,  are  designed  to  pass 
off  the  end  of  the  table  into  launders,  which  dispose 
of  this  worthless  matter  upon  the  dump. 

The  manufacturers  say  that  the  Wilfley  slime  table 
is  designed  to  receive  the  entire  tailings  and  wash 
water  from  one  or  two  standard  Wilfley  tables  and 
reconcentrate  the  tailings,  and  that  the  slime  table 
is  adjusted  to  all  classes  of  tailings  by  simple  adjust- 
ment of  the  stroke  and  the  adjustment  screws  under 
the  rocker  supports.  The  table  is  stated  to  require 
about  1  H.  P.  to  operate  it  at  a  speed  of  190  revolu- 
tions per  minute.  The  shipping  weight  is  2300 
pounds.  The  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.  further 
say:  "This  table  has  been  thoroughly  tested  with 
tailings  from  Michigan,  Montana,  Colorado,  Arizona, 
New  Mexico,  Old  Mexico  and  Nevada,  and  has  given 
results  in  every  case  which  have  caused  us  to  believe 
that  there  is  a  large  field  for  this  table." 


Aluminum  and  Bauxite. 


The  report  on  aluminum  and  bauxite  for  1902  by 
J.  Struthers  has  just  been  issued  by  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey.  The  production  of  aluminum  in 
the  United  States  during  1902  was  approximately 
7,300,000  pounds,  as  compared  with  7,150,000  pounds 
in  1901,  the  sole  producer  being  the  Pittsburg  Re- 
duction Co.,  which  has  large  plants  in  operation  at 
Niagara  Falls  and  at  Shawingan  Falls,  Quebec,  Can- 
ada, and  is  installing  a  large  plant  on  the  St.  Law- 
rence river,  near  Massena,  N.  Y.      The  chief  use  of 


203 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26,  IbOJt. 


aluminum  is  for  the  transmission  of  electrical  cur- 
rents and  for  alloys  possessing  exceptional  physical 
and  chemical  properties,  though  a  considerable  part 
of  the  output  is  manufactured  into  domestic  articles 
of  various  kinds.  Two  growing  uses  of  the  metal  are 
for  lithographic  work  and  for  the  production  of  in- 
tense heat  by  the  combustion  of  the  metal  as  powder. 

The  production  of  bauxite  during  1902  amounted  to 
27,274  long  tons,  as  against  18,905  long  tons  in  1901. 
Georgia  yielded  the  greater  bulk  of  the  product,  the 
remainder  coming  from  Alabama  and  Arkansas. 
The  consumption  of  bauxite  in  1902  amounted  to 
43,112  long  tons,  as  compared  with  36,218  tons  in  1901. 

The  domestic  production  of  alum  and  aluminum 
sulphate  in  1902  amounted  to  88,614  short  tons, 
valued  at  $2,238,171,  as  compared  with  82,496  short 
tons,  valued  at  $2,026,554  in  1901.  The  imports  in 
1902  were  valued  at  $16,808,  as  compared  with  $20,- 
781  in  1901. 

Notes  on  the  fletallurgy  of  Copper 
of  riontana.* 

NUMBER  IX— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  H.  O.  Hofman. 

Electrolytic  Refining  of  Copper. — The  work  of 
the  two  electrolytic  refining  plants  in  the  Butte  dis- 
trict, at  Great  Palls  and  Anaconda,  is  of  especial  in- 
terest, as  they  work  under  different  conditions  of 
power,  while  they  treat  similar  anode  copper  by  the 
multiple  process.  The  works  at  Great  Falls,  driven 
by  water  power,  have  312  tanks,  9  feet  9  inches  long 
by  2  feet  4  inches  wide  by  3  feet  9  inches  deep,  in 
three  sets  of  104  tanks,  each  set  having  a  separate 
solution;  a  tank  is  charged  with  twenty  anodes  and 
twenty  cathodes;  the  current  is  of  forty  amperes 
per  square  foot  of  cathode  area;  two  Westinghouse 
direct-current  machines  generate  9000  amperes  at 
200  volts.  The  works  of  Anaconda,  driven  by  steam 
power,  have  1400  tanks,  8  feet  long  by  4  feet  wide  by 
4  feet  deep,  in  sets  of  200  each.  A  tank  is  charged 
with  seventy-six  anodes  and  eighty  cathodes,  the 
current  is  of  ten  amperes  per  square  foot  of  cathode 
area.  There  are  seven  dynamos,  each  generating 
4000  amperes  at  sixty  volts  for  200  vats. 

The  anodes  of  the  Butte  district  assay:  Cu,  98%  to 
99%;  Ag,  40  to  120  ounces  per  ton;  Au,  0.1  to  1.5 
ounce  per  ton.  They  are  cast  either  direct  from 
the  converter  or  the  converter  copper  is  first  refined 
in  a  reverberatory  furnace.t 

The  converter  charge  is  blown  to  the  point  at 
which  the  copper  still  retains  considerable  sulphur 
dioxide  in  solution.  In  pouring  anodes  from  the  con- 
verter, the  copper  strikes  a  launder,  swung  in  posi- 
tion, which  delivers  the  copper  into  open  flat  moulds 
resting  on  a  car  moved  slowly  on  rails  laid  between 
the  posts  of  a  stand.  The  strong  evolution  of  sul- 
phurous gas  upon  cooling  makes  the  anodes  very  un- 
even. The  moulds  are  of  copper,  but  have  cast-iron 
centers  that  take  up  the  impinging  force  of  the 
stream  of  metal.  If  the  copper  is  first  to  be  refined, 
the  metal  from  several  converters  is  emptied  into 
ladles  which  discharge  their  contents  into  the  sta- 
tionary refining  furnaces.  Here  the  rabbling  of  the 
copper,  in  order  to  cause  the  oxidation  necessary  to 
produce  set  copper,  has  been  replaced  by  forcing  air 
into  the  copper  by  1-inch  wrought-iron  pipes  inserted 
through  the  side  and  end  doors  of  the  refining  fur- 
nace. The  two  hours  required  for  rabbling  have 
been  reduced  to  one  and  one-quarter  hour  by  blow- 
ing; 6  feet  of  pipe  are  used  up  with  a  forty-ton 
charge.  Oxidation  is  continued  until  a  small  ladle- 
sample,  when  broken,  shows  the  characteristic  single 
bubble  in  the  depressed  center.  Care  is  taken  to 
bring  the  copper  only  to  this  point,  when  the  copper 
is  saturated  with  cuprous  oxide,  as  otherwise  the 
surface  will  quickly  become  oxidized  and  covered 
with  melted  oxide.  The  set  copper  is  then  poled  to 
tough  pitch  copper,  fifteen  poles  (3  inches  at  end,  7 
inches  at  butt  and  15  to  18  feet  long)  being  required 
for  fifty  tons  of  copper.  From  the  reverberatory 
furnace  the  anodes  are  cast  by  means  of  an  improved 
form  of  Walker  casting  machine. 

A  tilting  reverberatory  furnace  constructed  along 
the  general  lines  of  the  Bruckner  cylinder  was  used 
at  the  old  Anaconda  works,  but  given  up  after  a 
short  trial. 

Converter  anodes  are  less  evenly  corroded,  give 
more  scrap  and  furnish  a  mud  of  lower  grade  than 
do  anodes  from  the  refining  furnace.  Coarse  copper, 
e.  g.,  with  Cu,  99.27%;  As  and  Sb,  0.07%;  Ag,  61.14, 
and  Au,  0.22  ounce  per  ton,  cast  from  the  convert- 
ers into  anodes,  gave  8%  scrap,  and  the  anode  mud, 
after  having  passed  through  a  40-mesh  sieve,  washed 
and  dried,  contained  Cu,  41%;  Ag,  7000,  and  Au,  18 
ounces  per  ton.  Similar  copper,  refined  in  the  re- 
verberatory furnace  and  cast  into  anodes,  gave  in 
corroding  only  5.5%  scrap,  while  the  40-mesh  anode 
mud  assayed  Cu,  18%;  Ag,  15,000,  and  Au,  38  ounces 
per  ton. 

The  Great  Falls  anodes  are  24  inches  wide  by  35 

fReflning  converter  copper  before  easting  into  anodes  has  been 
given  at  Great  Falls  in  spite  of  the  advantages  mentioned  later  on 
in  the  text  as  regards  corroding,  because  the  gain  did  not  warrant 
the  expense.  At  Anaconda,  where  power  is  generated  by  steam,  it 
is  of  considerable  advantage  to  have  refined  anodes. 

*Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mln.  Engs.    (Condensed). 


inches  long  by  3  inches  thick  at  the  top  and  2}  inches 
thick  at  the  bottom;  they  are  beveled  at  the  bottom; 
the  two  lugs  on  top  are  4J  inches  wide  by  2J  inches 
long  by  2  inches  thick.  The  anodes  are  suspended 
from  cast  copper  cross  bars  (1£  inch  by  li  inch)  by 
means  of  the  Morrow  clip,  a  loop  of  sheet  copper,  2i 
inches  wide  (recently  replaced  by  a  rod  i  inch  in 
diameter)  by  3}  inches  high,  the  ends  of  which  are 
allowed  to  project  into  the  anode  moulds  before  they 
are  filled  with  liquid  copper.  A  converter  anode 
weighs  500  pounds,  and  is  sufficiently  corroded  in 
about  eighteen  days  to  be  withdrawn  and  regarded 
as  scrap,  a  new  anode  being  put  in  its  place.  The 
Anaconda  anodes  are  24  to  24J  inches  wide,  32£ 
inches  long,  and  li  inch  thick  at  the  top,  and  1  inch 
at  the  bottom.  They  have  two  top  lugs  6  inches 
wide  with  holes,  and  are  suspended  in  pairs  from  iron 
copper-covered  cross  bars  (J  by  If  inch),  nineteen  to 
a  tank,  by  means  of  copper  hooks  f  inch  thick.  An 
anode  weighs  230  pounds  and  is  corroded  in  thirty- 
seven  days. 

The  cathodes  are  made  in  the  usual  way,  in  tanks 
set  apart  for  the  purpose.  They  are  slightly  longer 
and  wider  than  the  anodes.  At  Great  Falls  they  are 
26  inches  wide  by  36J  inches  long  and  weigh  two  and 
one-half  pounds;  at  Anaconda  they  are  11  inches 
wide  by  33  inches  long  and  weigh  three-quarters  to 
one  pound.  At  Great  Falls  the  cathodes  are  sus- 
pended by  the  Morrow  clip,  which  is  fastened  to  the 
starting  sheet  by  a  machine,  which  punches  a  hole 
through  the  loop  and  sheet,  bends  over  the  lugs  and 
clamps  them  fast.  At  Anaconda  the  upper  rim  of 
the  starting  sheet  is  bent  and  clamped  over  the  ends 
of  a  piece  of  sheet  copper,  4£  inches  wide  by  11 
inches  long;  four  cathodes  go  to  a  cross  bar;  the 
electrode  distance  ranges  from  1$  to  2  inches. 

The  tanks  are  made  of  3-inch  plank  and  are  lined 
with  eight-pound  lead;  the  bottoms  have  a  board 
cover  to  protect  the  lead  lining  from  pieces  of  anode 
copper  that  may  become  detached.  At  Great  Falls, 
the  vats  are  arranged  in  pairs  with  three  conductor 
bars,  the  central  bar  serving  as  cathode  bar  for  one 
tank,  and  as  anode  bar  for  the  other.  At  Anaconda, 
with  the  Thofern  disposition,  the  tanks  are  arranged 
in  single  rows. 

The  electrolyte  contains  with  the  heavier  current 
170  grams  concentrated  sulphuric  acid  and  forty-two 
grams  copper  per  liter;  with  the  lighter  current, 
150  grams  acid  and  forty  grams  copper.  The  resist- 
ance appears  to  begin  to  increase  when  the  copper 
rises  above  forty-two  grams.  The  temperature  of 
the  electrolyte  at  the  head  tank  is  64°  C.  and  50°  C, 
and  the  circulation,  six  and  three  gallons  per  minute. 
Solutions  are  admitted  and  drawn  off,  either  at  the 
ends  or  the  sides,  precautions  being  taken  by  means 
of  perforated  lead  baffle  plates  to  have  an  even  dis- 
tribution, and  thus  avoid  stirring  any  mud.  The  dif- 
ferent forms  of  plunger  pumps,  which  were  formerly 
used  to  raise  the  electrolyte,  have  given  way  to 
Pohle's  air  lift  pumps  working  under  a  pressure  of 
twenty-five  pounds.  These  have  proved  very  satis- 
factory, especially  since  the  delivery  pipe  has  been 
cut  in  two  near  the  discharge  and  the  ends  joined  by 
a  rubber  hose,  thus  breaking  any  electric  connection. 
The  electrolyte  becomes  enriched  in  copper  and 
takes  up  iron,  arsenic  and  antimony.  A  foul  solution 
contained,  e.  g.,  per  liter: 

Cu,  51.8  grams;  Fe,  13.2  grams;  As,  14.02  grams; 
Sb,  0.62  gram;  H2S04,  48  grams. 
The  low  percentage  of  antimony  is  due  to  the  prac- 
tice of  adding  daily  enough  concentrated  crude 
hydrochloric  acid  to  the  head  tank  to  maintain  .04 
gram  chlorine  per  liter  in  solution.  This  addition 
precipitates  antimony,  it  is  believed,  as  oxychloride. 
When  there  is  deficiency  of  hydrochloric  acid,  a  sam- 
ple plate  becomes  streaked,  tarnished,  black  and,  at 
the  same  time,  brittle.  The  excess  of  copper  over 
the  normal  is  removed  by  shunting  off  part  of  the 
electrolyte  and  making  it  pass  through  tanks  with 
lead  anodes.  By  retarding  the  flow  of  this  current 
through  a  second  set  of  tanks,  arsenic  will  be  de- 
posited with  the  rest  of  the  copper.  The  slime  de- 
posited in  such  a  purifying  vat  showed  Cu,  57.1%; 
H2S04,  11.8%;  Ag,  0.3%;  As,  7.2%;  Sb,  1.8%;  H20, 
18.4%;  difference:  traces  of  PbS04  and  traces  of  Fe. 
While  the  difference  in  potential  between  elec- 
trodes with  soluble  anodes  is  0.6  (Great  Falls)  and  0.3 
(Anaconda)  volts,  with  insoluble  anodes  it  rises  to  2.5 
and  2.0  volts.  When  iron  is  to  be  removed,  the  solu- 
tion freed  from  copper,  and  arsenic  is  concentrated 
by  heating  to  one-third  of  its  volume  and  then  cooled, 
when  most  of  the  iron  will  crystallize  out  in  the  form 
of  ferrous  sulphate.  At  Great  Falls  the  cathodes 
are  renewed  every  second  day.  They  weigh  fifty-five 
pounds  and  contain  Cu,  99.95%;  As,  0.0012%;  Sb, 
0.0033%;  Ag,  1  ounce.  Although  this  method  of  work- 
ing uses  up  a  large  number  of  starting  sheets,  it  is 
found  to  be  advantageous,  as  with  the  large  current 
of  forty  amperes  there  is  a  loss  in  efficiency  on  ac- 
count of  short  circuiting  if  the  cathodes  are  allowed 
to  grow  heavier.  Thus  with  two-day  cathodes  there 
is  an  ampere  efficiency  of  91%,  while  with  four-day 
cathodes  this  falls  off  to  85%.  The  cathodes,  taken 
out  four  at  a  time  by  means  of  an  overhead  traveling 
pulley,  are  transferred  to  lead-lined  cars  and  re- 
placed by  starting  sheets.  The  twenty  cathodes  in 
a  car  are  then  raised  together  by  means  of  an  elec- 
tric crane,  dipped  into  water,  drained,  dipped  into 
milk  of  lime  and  allowed  to  dry.     The  coat  of  lime 


protects  the  plates  in  melting  down  from  the  sul- 
phurous gases  in  the  products  of  combustion  of  the 
refining  furnace. 

At  Anaconda,  cathodes  are  removed  only  when  the 
anodes  are  completely  corroded.  After  two  days 
depositing  they  are,  however,  taken  out  and 
straightened.  A  tank  receives  its  anodes  all  at 
once;  in  the  same  way  all  the  cathodes  are  taken  out 
in  one  operation. 

The  anode  mud  made  at  Great  Falls  is  removed  by 
a  steam  injector  pump  and  rubber  hose  from  the 
electrolyzing  vat  into  a  settling  tank  covered  with  a 
40-mesh  screen;  it  is  then  drawn  off  into  an  acid  egg, 
forced  through  a  filter  press,  steam  dried  (when  it 
still  retains  2%  water),  broken  up,  sampled,  sacked 
and  sold. 

At  Anaconda,  the  anode  mud  is  discharged  through 
an  opening  in  the  bottom  of  the  electrolyzing  vat, 
after  the  solution  has  been  drawn  off  from  the  side, 
into  a  V-shaped  trough  leading  into  a  tank;  from 
this  it  is  drawn  into  an  acid  egg  and  forced  into  a 
tank  in  the  refining  department,  drawn  onto  filter 
cloths,  washed,  dried,  sampled,  sacked  and  sold. 
Until  recently  the  mud  was  treated  at  the  works.  It 
was  melted  down  in  a  reverberatory  furnace,  refined 
by  the  addition  of  nitre,  cast  into  small  ingots  and 
parted  with  sulphuric  acid,  the  silver  being  precipi- 
tated by  means  of  the  copper. 

The  anode  scrap  at  Great  Falls  is  remelted  in  the 
converter,  while  at  Anaconda  it  goes  back  into  the 
anode  furnace. 

Refining  of  Cathodes. — The  reverberatory  fur- 
naces used  for  refining  converter  and  cathode  metal 
have  retained  the  pear-shaped  form  of  the  original 
Welsh  furnaces.  They  have  charging  doors  on  both 
sides,  and  the  usual  working  and  ladling  doors  at  one 
end;  and  there  are  air  flues  in  the  bridge  leading 
onto  the  hearth. 

The  following  are  the  leading  details  of  a  standard 
furnace:  Length  of  hearth,  22  feet  6  inches;  width 
at  bridge,  7  feet  1.5  inches;  at  middle,  14  feet  8 
inches;  at  flue,  1  foot  8  inches;  hearth  area,  '225 
square  feet;  thickness  of  hearth  at  bridge,  2  feet  7 
inches;  at  flue,  2  feet;  depth  of  metal,  12  to  13 
inches;  length  of  grate,  8  feet  6  inches;  width,  7  feet 
1.5  inches;  depth  of  grate  below  top  of  bridge,  2  feet 
6  inches;  ratio  of  grate  to  hearth  area,  1  :  3.7; 
height  of  roof  above  bridge,  1  foot  10  inches;  above 
hearth  at  bridge,  2  feet  3  inches;  at  flue,  1  foot  10 
inches;  rise  of  arch,  1  inch  per  foot;  size  of  flue  at 
vulcatory,  3  feet  9  inches  by  19  inches;  of  flue  leading 
to  chimney,  24  by  19  inches;  size  of  chimney,  32  by  32 
inches;  height,  80  feet;  charge:  liquid,  125,000 
pounds;  cathodes,  75,000  pounds;  analysis  of  bitu- 
minous coal:  ash,  18.8;  fixed  carbon,  54.6;  proportion 
of  charge  to  coal  by  weight,  3:1;  tons  of  charge  to 
number  of  poles,  4:1;  tons  of  charge  to  bushels  of 
charcoal,  1:1. 

The  method  of  working  differs  little  from  that  in 
common  use,  excepting  that  flapping,  or  rabbling,  is 
replaced  by  blowing  with  compressed  air;  the  metal 
bath,  in  poling,  is  covered  with  charcoal  only  toward 
the  end  of  the  operation,  a  few  poles,  however,  float- 
ing on  the  metal;  of  the  two  poles  inserted  through 
the  working  door,  one  is  depressed  near  the  door, 
the  other  toward  the  middle  of  the  furnace;  ingots, 
cakes  and  wire  bars  are  cast  by  means  of  suspended 
ladles,  14  inches  and  19  inches  in  diameter.  All 
moulds  are  of  copper.  Cake  and  wire  bar  moulds 
are  painted  with  a  mixture  of  lampblack  and  benzine; 
they  are  warmed  at  first  by  pouring  in  some  copper. 
Ingot  moulds  are  smoked  before  the  first  round  by 
means  of  burning  rosin  held  in  a  ladle.  The  tests 
applied  to  the  copper  are  those  of  the  Bell  Telephone 
Co.  for  No.  12  wire:  Conductivity,  96%  to  97%;  ten- 
sile strength,  65,600  pounds;  torsion,  forty  twists  in 
6  inches  between  the  clamps  with  1%  elongation. 
Three  test  bars  are  made  from  each  charge,  one  bar 
being  made  when  dipping  begins,  one  when  the 
charge  is  half  out,  and  the  third  at  the  conclusion  of 
the  ladling.  The  test  bars  are  8  inches  long,  and 
have  the  full  cross  section  of  a  regular  wire  bar. 
From  each  of  these  bars  a  section  6  inches  long  by  1 
inch  square  is  sawed;  this  section  is  rolled  into  a  rod 
and  afterward  drawn  cold  to  a  No.  12  wire,  Brown  & 
Sharpe  gauge,  on  which  all  tests  are  made.  Conduc- 
tivity tests  are  made  with  the  Willyoung  conductivity 
bridge.  

American  Machinery  for  South  Africa. 

The  importation  of  machinery  into  South  Africa  is 
increasing,  as  these  figures  from  Consul-General 
Hanauer  show: 


1901. 


Description. 
Machinery : 

Mining- $    305,864 

Allother 1,337,387 


1902. 


1903. 


8    573,526        $    968,263 
2,672,631  3,166,149 

The  steady  extension  of  the  railroads  in  South  Af- 
rica account  for  the  increased  importation  of  loco- 
motives, which  were  valued  in  the  three  years  at 
$545,315,  $1,148,095  and  $1,963,253,  respectively. 

New  lines  of  railroad,  estimated  at  4000  to  5000 
miles  in  length  and  to  cost  about  $100,000,000  to 
$125,000,000,  are  projected.  American  manufactur- 
ing concerns  are  already  in  the  field;  thus  the  Pitts- 
burg Westinghouse  Co.  has  a  contract  for  the  con- 
struction of  a  line  of  roads  in  the  De  Beers  mining 
district.     The  General  Electric  Co.  of  New  York  is 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


204 


to  furnish  to  the  railroad  shops  of  the  Natal  govern- 
ment 119  motors,  6  dynamos  of  300  H.  P.  each,  3 
electrical  cranes  and  other  appliances.  Another 
United  States  firm  has  received  an  order  for  seven 
locomotives  for  the  Cape  Colony  railroad. 

The  municipal   tramway   of   the  city  of  Durban  is 
being  constructed  by  an  American  firm. 


Good  Roads  for  Mines.* 

Written  by  James  w.  Abbott. 
It  is  indeed  an  anomaly  that  while  in  every  other 
phase  of  civilization — in  the  home,  the  office,  the  city, 
on  rail  and  water — we  lead  the  world's  progress,  the 
general  standard  of  maintenance  and  construction 
for  our  common  roads  has  remained  stationary  dur- 
ing the  past  hundred  years.  The  lumberman  hauls 
his  logs,  the  farmer  his  cotton,  wheat  and  corn,  and 
the  miner  his  machinery,  supplies,  coal  and  ore  over 
roads  no  better  than  those  used  by  his  forefathers  a 
century  ago. 

It  is  a  no  less  striking  paradox  that  the  old  world 
countries  have  splendid  roads  because  they  can  not 
afford  ponr  ones,  while  our  material  resources  are  so 
abundant  that  we  have  been  bearing  year  after  year 
the  appa.lins  loss  from  bad  roads  without  realizing 
the  drain.  From  abundant  data  gathered  in  all  por- 
tions of  the  United  States  by  the  office  of  Public 
Road  Inquiries,  it  was  demonstrated  years  ago,  and 
has  been  signally  confirmed  by  my  own  investigations, 
that  the  cost  of  wagon  freighting  under  average  ex- 
isting conditions  is,  approximately,  25  cents  per  ton 
per  mile.  It  is  also  interesting  in  this  connection  to 
note  that  the  contract  price  (determined  by  very 
earnest  competition)  paid  in  1901  by  the  Government 
for  hauling  supplies  in  Yellowstone  National  Park, 
where  the  mountain  road  system  is  of  a  very  high 
standard,  was  25  cents  per  ton  per  mile.  In  gather- 
ing statistics  of  the  cost  of  freighting  to  and  from 
mines  by  wagon  road,  I  have  found  several  instances, 
where  the  roads  were  the  best,  in  which  this  average 
cost  figured  exactly  25  cents  per  ton  per  mile.  I 
have  found  none  in  which  the  rate  was  even  a  fraction 
lower.  Climate,  the  price  of  labor,  hay  and  grain, 
volume  of  material  to  be  handled  and  the  newness,  or 
otherwise,  of  the  mining  region,  are  all,  of  course, 
factors  in  determining  this  cost  of  wagon  freight. 
But  the  one  factor  which  always  controls,  and  which 
overshadows  in  importance  every  other,  is  the 
character  of  the  road.  I  have  in  mind  a  mining  camp, 
situated  far  below  timber  line,  distant  18  miles  from 
a  populous,  thriving  agricultural  center  and  im- 
portant railroad  point,  where  the  established  freight 
rate  each  way  is  $12  per  ton — 66f  cents  per  ton-mile. 
At  no  place  along  the  line  is  the  rise  excessively 
rapid,  but  the  grade  in  places  is  so  very  steep  that 
3000  pounds  is  an  average  load-up  for  a  six-horse 
team. 

At  the  request  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture, 
on  Nov.  20,  1895,  a  circular  letter  was  addressed  to 
many  consuls  in  European  countries,  requesting  in- 
formation similar  to  that  already  elicited  in  this 
country  on  the  cost  of  hauling  farm  products.  A  very 
large  number  of  reports  in  answer  to  this  circular 
were  received  and  published.  They  show  costs  rang- 
ing from  6  cents  to  13  cents  per  ton-mile  for  hauling 
different  products  under  different  conditions.  While 
no  certain  general  average  cost  per  ton-mile  can  be 
adduced  from  these  figures,  any  one  who  studies  them 
will  conclude  that  it  lies  between  10  cents  and  12  cents. 
With  reference  to  the  question,  whether  this  light 
cost  in  Europe  is  not  partially  due  to  lower  prevailing 
standards  of  wages,  it  may  be  said  that,  while  wages 
there  are  somewhat  lower  than  with  us,  the  cost  of 
feed  averages  considerably  higher  ;  that  very  much 
of  the  hauling  in  Europe  is  done  with  one  horse  or 
mule,  while  all  the  data  from  which  the  American 
average  was  adduced  assumed  one  driver  for  not  less 
than  two  horses. 

Assuming  the  cost  of  hauling  at  25  cents  per-ton 
mile,  and  taking  figures  for  production  from  census 
returns,  the  director  of  the  office  of  Public  Roads  In- 
quiries in  April,  1896,  estimated  the  grand  total  an- 
nual cost  of  hauling  on  the  public  roads  of  the  United 
States  at  about  $950,000,000.  Had  these  roads  been 
constructed  on  European  standards,  this  cost  would 
have  been  reduced  more  than  one-half. 

For  the  same  year  covered  by  this  estimate  the 
gross  freight  receipts  of  all  the  railroads  in  the 
United  States  was  less  than  $730,000,000. 

It  is  only  by  some  such  comparison  that  the  mind 
can  grasp  the  significance  of  these  figures  of  annual 
waste,  which,  although  they  equal  the  entire  amount 
expended  since  its  beginning  by  the  Government  on 
improvements  to  rivers  and  harbors,  does  not  fully 
measure  the  appalling  loss  to  this  country  from  its 
defective  highway  system.  We  must  add  a  great 
many  millions  for  perishable  products  spoiled  because 
they  could  not  reach  market  in  time,  the  restriction 
or  congestion  of  railroad  freight,  due  to  closed  roads 
and  their  subsequent  opening  (because  of  climatic 
conditions),  the  failure  to  reach  market  when  prices 
are  good,  the  enforced  idleness  of  vast  numbers  of 
men  and  animals,  the  limitation  to  the  area  of  profit- 

*Trans.  Am.  Min.  Congress.    (Condensed.) 


able  cultivation  of  the  soil  or  exploitation  of  the 
ground,  and  many  other  adverse  results  due  to  pre- 
vailing highway  conditions. 

But  it  is  particularly  to  the  effect  upon  the  mining 
industry  that  I  desire  at  this  time  to  call  special  at- 
tention. The  tonnage  involved  in  mining  operations 
is  always  very  great.  The  machinery  required  for 
mine  and  mill  equipment  runs  into  tonnage  alarm- 
ingly fast  in  the  very  great  majority  of  cases.  Ma- 
terial of  all  kinds  which  enters  into  this  equipment 
must  be  transported  a  greater  or  less  distance  over 
a  common  road.  In  the  beginning  of  most  mining 
enterprises  the  product,  as  well  as  all  needed  sup- 
plies, including  fuel,  must  be  hauled  in  wagons. 
Whatever  this  wagon  haul  costs  more  than  it  would 
over  properly  constructed  roads  is  a  tax  to  be  de- 
ducted from  possible  profits.  Take  a  mining  enter- 
prise that  requires  an  average  wagon  haul  of  twenty 
tons  a  day  for  300  days  in  the  year  ;  supposing  that 
improving  the  road  will  result  in  a  saving  of  but  25 
cents  on  each  of  these  tons;  this  means  $5  a  day,  or 
$1500  for  the  year.  All  who  are  familiar  with  mining 
methods  in  the  United  States  will  recall  instances 
without  number  where  a  great  drain  upon  the  net 
output  has  been  suffered  year  after  year  without 
persistent  effort  for  relief,  and,  in  many  cases,  even 
without  protest. 

The  annual  product  from  the  mines  of  the  United 
States  has  a  money  value  of  more  than  one  billion 
dollars.  The  amount  which  is  expended  annually  to 
cheapen  the  transportation  of  these  products  by  rail 
and  water,  and  for  mechanical  devices  of  all  kinds  by 
which  they  may  be  placed  upon  car  or  boat  or  re- 
moved therefrom,  is  prodigious.  Isn't  it  an  anomaly 
that,  with  almost  insignificant  exception,  no  effective 
study  is  given  to  this  waste  in  wagon  freighting  ? 
Compare  existing  practice  in  this  respect  with  what 
the  railroads  are  doing.  Grades  are  being  cut  down, 
curves  lightened,  tunnels  bored,  heavy  steel  rails 
substituted  for  the  lighter  ones,  more  capacious  cars 
and  more  powerful  engines  purchased,  and  every 
method  practiced  to  reduce  the  cost  of  transporta- 
tion. In  the  1901  report  of  the  Pennsylvania  Rail- 
road Company  will  be  found  some  very  interesting 
pages  bearing  upon  what  has  been  accomplished 
along  this  line.  In  1865  the  average  cost  of  hauling 
each  ton  of  freight  1  mile  was  practically  2J  cents, 
and  the  average  profit  f  of  a  cent.  In  1901  the  aver- 
age cost  of  the  haul  had  been  reduced  to  $  of  a  cent, 
and  the  average  profit  had  fallen  to  J  of  a  cent.  We 
see  that  by  the  improvements  effected  the  cost  of 
the  haul  has  been  reduced  to  one-sixth  of  what  it 
formerly  was.  As  demonstrating  the  critical  need 
for  this  economy,  appears  the  profit  on  the  transac- 
tion, which  has  decreased  to  a  less  figure  than  it  was 
when  the  cost  was  so  much  greater. 

The  loss  resulting  to  the  mining  industry  from  un- 
suitable roads  is  by  no  means  confined  to  regions 
where  there  are  actually  developed  mines.  The 
wealth  still  hidden  in  the  almost  impenetrable  fast- 
nesses of  our  Western  mountains  probably  far  ex- 
ceeds all  that  has  ever  yet  been  disclosed.  The  in- 
trepid prospector  and  his  faithful  burro  outline  the 
primitive  trail  into  each  new  district.  These  trails 
in  turn  give  way  to  pathways  which  are  dignified  as 
roads.  These  roads  gradually  develop  into  great 
arteries  and  money  is  often  poured  out  to  open  a  new 
mining  camp,  a  tithe  of  which  thus  squandered  would 
build  good  roads.  Prospects  which,  if  accessible  by 
good  roads,  would  tempt  capital  and  be  developed 
quickly  into  mines,  lie  idle  year  after  year  and  de- 
cade after  decade,  solely  because  there  is  no  way  by 
which  they  can  be  economically  equipped  and  oper- 
ated. With  short-sighted  economy,  counties  hoping 
to  make  such  prospects  accessible,  build  roads  lead- 
ing to  them,  located  with  such  steep  grades  and  in 
such  improper  places  that  the  cost  of  hauling  over 
them  soon  becomes  manifestly  impracticable.  They 
actually  defeat  the  very  purpose  for  which  they  were 
built,  because  the  fact  that  some  kind  of  a  road  is  al- 
ready built  makes  it  ten  times  more  difficult  to  raise 
the  means  to  construct  another  along  correct  lines. 
The  man  who  exerts  his  influence  against  the  build- 
ing of  a  road  which  must  inevitably  prove  unsuitable, 
confers  a  greater  benefit  upon  a  mining  region  than 
he  who  subscribes  himself  and  induces  his  neighbors 
to  do  likewise  for  a  kind  of  road  which  effectually  dis- 
appoints the  very  hopes  which  it  at  first  encouraged. 
Many  a  mining  enterprise  of  merit  has  been  irre- 
trievably wrecked  because  an  expensive  and  appro- 
priate equipment  has  failed  to  produce  a  paying 
mine  where  wagon  transportation  has  been  so  ex- 
cessive as  to  consume  the  profits.  It  is  only  through 
economy  and  by  the  most  careful  methods  that  a  very 
large  percentage  of  mines  have  been  made  commer- 
cially successful.  Is  it  not  just  as  important  to  look 
carefully  after  that  portion  of  the  expense  which 
goes  into  wagon  transportation  as  it  is  to  hoist 
cheaply,  to  drill  effectively,  to  ventilate  properly  or 
to  save  the  ultimate  nickel  by  elaborate  metallurgi- 
cal methods  ? 

The  fundamentals  of  any  mountain  road  construc- 
tion are  grade  and  drainage.  From  an  extended 
observation  and  experience  in  mountain  road  con- 
struction and  in  mountain  freighting,  I  have  reached 
the  conclusion  that  under  no  circumstances,  on  any 
road  designated  for  general  freighting,  should  there 
be  a  grade  exceeding  12%.  I  further  believe  that 
no  distinct  economy  is  secured  by  reducing  mountain 
grades,  at  much  cost,  below  8%.     This  latter  conclu- 


sion, reached  by  myself  solely  from  experience  and 
observation,  has  been  confirmed  by  traction  experi- 
ments made  by  the  Government  and  by  individual 
engineers. 

Of  course,  the  most  difficult  place  upon  any  road 
where  trail  wagons  are  not  used  determines  the  load 
which  can  be  hauled.  The  engineer  who  is  locating  a 
mountain  road  should  determine  in  his  own  mind, 
from  all  the  circumstances  in  the  case,  what  his 
maximum  shall  be,  and,  when  he  has  once  determined 
it,  should  adhere  to  it  inflexibly  in  making  his  loca- 
tion. 

Grades  should  always  be  eased  and  the  roadbed 
widened  on  curves  and  the  approaches  to  every  sharp 
curve  should  be  level. 

It  is  much  easier  to  drain  a  road  on  a  side  hill  than 
one  located  along  the  bottom  of  a  gulch.  Roads 
facing  the  east  and  south  dry  out  more  quickly 
after  being  wet  than  those  which  face  the  north  and 
west. 

A  side  hill  road  should  always  slope  towards  the 
inside  bank,  and  never  towards  the  outside  ;  other- 
wise the  tendency  will  be  for  the  outside  of  the  grade 
to  get  lower  and  the  inside  higher,  until  it  becomes 
dangerously  sidling. 

The  essential  principles  of  mountain  road  construc- 
tion are  few  and  simple.  The  main  need  is  common 
sense  and  the  power  to  reason  clearly.  If  every 
mining  man  would  get  these  principles  firmly  fixed  in 
his  mind,  and  whenever  he  rides  over  the  road  would 
mentally  inquire:  "  Is  the  road  here  rightly  built? 
How  could  it  be  made  better  ?  "  the  beneficial  re- 
sults of  the  industry  would  be  quickly  apparent. 
Out  of  such  habit  would  come  discussions  and  a  gen- 
eral influence  for  better  methods  and  higher  stand- 
ards. 

Next  winter  there  will  be  introduced  into  both 
houses  of  Congress  bills  designed  to  bring  in  the 
Government  as  a  co-operating  factor  with  States, 
counties  and  localities  in  improving  roads.  These 
bills  will  provide  for  the  appropriation  of  a  definite 
sum  to  be  apportioned  equitably  among  the  States, 
the  amounts  thus  apportioned  to  be  expended  in  con- 
junction with  equal  amounts  contributed  by  the 
States.  They  will  provide  for  apportionment  directly 
according  to  population.  Some  favor  apportioning 
half  the  amount  according  to  population  and  the 
other  half  equally  to  each  State,  on  the  same  basis 
as  the  States  get  representation  in  Congress. 

The  States  must  provide  by  law  how  their  quota 
shall  be  raised — that  is,  whether  the  State  shall  fur- 
nish it  all,  or  the  State  a  part  and  the  county  a  part, 
and  perhaps  the  locality  another  part. 

All  bills  will  provide  that  the  money  shall  be  ex- 
pended under  the  direct  supervision  and  control  of 
expert  road  builders,  in  Government  employ,  and  the 
effort  will  be  made  to  thoroughly  safeguard  the  funds 
from  waste  or  peculation. 

This  is  a  movement  that  grows  as  its  benefits  be- 
come apparent.  One  good  road  brings  another. 
We  don't  expect  the  Government  to  help  build  all  the 
roads,  but  we  do  expect  it  to  help  start  us. 


The  Golden  San  Juan.* 


Written  by  A.  H.  Elftman. 

Taking  Red  mountain  as  a  center,  a  circle  with  a 
10-mile  radius  will  include  most  of  the  producing 
mines  of  Ouray,  San  Miguel  and  San  Juan  counties. 
Prominent  among  the  mines  are  the  Camp  Bird,  Vir- 
ginius,  Revenue,  Smuggler-Union,  Tomboy,  Barstow, 
Yankee  Girl,  Gaston,  Silver  Ledge,  Henrietta,  Gold 
King,  Sunnyside,  Esmeralda,  Silver  Lake,  Highland, 
Mary,  North  Star  and  others.  Between  these  are 
numerous  prospects,  the  development  of  which  was 
begun  during  the  last  three  years,  and  many  of  which 
are  now  nearing  completion  of  the  dead  work  and 
will  soon  enter  the  list  of  producers.  This  prospect 
work  has  been  especially  active  in  San  Juan  county. 

The  San  Juan  district,  embracing  the  southwest 
portion  of  the  State,  produced  in  1902  22%  of  the 
output  of  Colorado.  This  area  produced  $5,490,000 
in  gold  and  about  the  same  value  in  other  metals. 

One-half  of  all  the  copper  produced  in  Colorado 
came  from  this  district.  Its  gold  value  was  three 
times  the  value  of  its  silver.  It  paid  26%  of  its  pro- 
duction as  dividends. 

The  ores  of  the  San  Juan  country  occur  principally 
in  fissure  veins,  which  trave'rse  the  country  in  well- 
defined  systems,  traceable  often  for  distances  of  5 
miles  and  more.  The  veins  are  well  mineralized,  and 
at  frequent  intervals  form  large  ore  shoots.  The 
veins  vary  in  width  from  1  foot  to  200  feet.  Ore 
bodies  25  to  50  feet  wide  are  of  common  occurrence. 
The  ore  shoots  are  frequently  1000  to  1500  feet  long. 

Generally  speaking,  the  ores  of  the  San  Juan  country 
are  milling  ores.  The  ores  which  are  or  have  been 
worked  vary  in  value  from  a  probable  minimum  of 
$600  to  several  thousand  dollars  per  ton.  The  ore 
from  the  Camp  Bird  is  all  milled  and  runs  from  $40  to 
$200  per  ton.  The  Tomboy  ore  runs  from  $7  to  $20 
per  ton.  The  Gold  King  ore  averaged  over  $25  per 
ton  in  1902,  and  this  will  be  materially  increased  dur- 
ing the  present  year.  The  Sunnyside  ore  last  year 
averaged  $35  per  ton.  Silver  Lake  ore  varies  from 
$8  to  $70  per  tor. 

The  cost  of  mining  and  milling  the  ore  varies  from 

♦  Trans.  Am.  Min.  Congress.    (Condensed). 


205 


MINING  AND   SCIENTIFIC   PRESS. 


September  26,  1903. 


$4  to  $7  per  ton.  The  mining  is  principally  carried 
on  by  tapping  the  ore  bodies  at  depths  of  1000  feet 
or  more  by  tunnels.  The  ore  is  then  transported  to 
the  concentrators  by  aerial  tramways. 

In  milling,  the  ore  is  crushed  by  drop  stamps  or 
rolls,  then  passed  over  copper  plates  to  the  concen- 
trators. About  one-third  of  the  values  are  saved  by 
amalgamation,  the  balance  being  saved  as  concen- 
trates, which  are  shipped  to  the  smelters.  The  tail- 
ings run  from  $2  to  $5  per  ton. 

The  cyanide  process  is  being  applied  to  these  tail- 
ings with  satisfactory  results. 

I  have  only  attempted  to  call  your  attention  to  the 
existence  of  the  San  Juan  country.  In  many  ways 
the  size  of  the  ore  bodies  and  the  original  mineral- 
ization are  the  same  as  those  found  in  the  Black 
Hills.  While  the  San  Juan  country  has  always  been 
looked  upon  as  a  silver  camp,  it  is,  however,  a  unique 
fact  that  the  deeper  the  mines  go  the  proportion  of 
the  gold  value  increases  and  free  gold  becomes  more 
abundant. 

Ore   Deposits   of  the   Northern 
Black   Hills.* 


NUMBER  III. 


Written  by  J.  D.  Irving. 


Miscellaneous  Deposits  in  the  Algonkian  Rocks. 
— At  several  localities  within  the  productive  mining 
region  ores  have  been  found  which  may  be  properly 
described  with  the  Algonkian  lodes.  They  are  par- 
tially in  eruptive  rocks  and  partially  in  brecciated 
material  composed  of  schist  and  porphyry,  while  at 
times  they  form  veins  which  pass  from  one  rock  into 
the  others  ;  at  other  points  they  pass  from  porphyry 
inty  Cambrian  rocks.  While  none  of  these  have  yet 
attained  any  great  importance,  there  are  two  that 
deserve  special  mention.  The  first  is  in  Strawberry 
gulch,  where  quite  a  number  of  small  mines  have 
been  intermittently  worked.  Much  of  the  ore  occurs 
in  a  decomposed  porphyry  in  the  form  of  thin  aurif- 
erous limonite  sheets,  filling  the  small  fractures,  or  of 
impregnations  in  the  country  rock.  In  general, 
these  pass  downward  into  unoxidized  pyrite,  while  in 
a  few  cases  sphalerite  and  galena  have  been  re- 
ported. The  porphyry  mass  in  which  these  ores 
have  been  found  is  extremely  large  and  so  irregu- 
larly intruded  into  the  schists  that  its  relation  to 
them  can  not  be  readily  made  out.  Some  of  the  ore 
obtained  from  the  mines  is  reported  to  have  been 
rich,  but  it  has  so  far  been  too  irregular  in  its  occur- 
rence to  form  the  basis  of  extensive  mining.  The 
second  locality  where  ore  has  been  found,  which  is 
chiefly  in  porphyry,  is  the  Old  Ironsides  mine,  near 
the  mouth  of  Squaw  creek.  Here  there  is  exposed 
in  the  side  of  the  creek  a  sheet  of  mica-diorite- 
porphyry  about  40  feet  thick,  with  beds  of  Cambrian 
rock  both  above  and  below.  Through  these  rocks 
run  a  series  of  vertical  fractures  striking  about 
north  85°  east,  along  which  silicification  has  occurred 
and  from  which  telluride  of  gold  has  been  introduced 
into  the  adjacent  rock,  often  to  considerable  dis- 
tances from  a  fracture.  Some  of  the  crystals  of  tel- 
luride— presumably  sylvanite — are  quite  large.  The 
deposition  has  occurred  chiefly  in  the  diorite-por- 
phyry,  but  also  to  a  minor  degree  in  the  Cambrian 
rocks.  At  the  surface,  where  the  rocks  are  highly 
oxidized,  gold  may  be  seen  along  the  fractures  in  a 
free  condition.  There  are  other  places  in  which  ore 
has  been  found  in  eruptives,  either  as  fillings  of  fis- 
sures or  as  impregnations,  but  they  are  not  of  any 
economic  value.  The  eruptive  rocks,  as  a  whole, 
have  not  been  the  loci  of  considerable  deposits. 

Ore  Deposits  in  Cambrian  Rocks. — As  a  pro- 
ducer of  gold  the  Cambrian  is  second  in  importance 
only  to  the  Algonkian  series.  In  the  rocks  belonging 
to  this  age,  or  those  which  lie  immediately  above  the 
metamorphic  schists,  there  are  four  varieties  of  ore 
— first,  the  gold-bearing  conglomerates  or  gravels, 
generally  known  as  the  cement  deposits  ;  second,  the 
refractory  siliceous  ores  ;  third,  the  pyritic  ores,  and 
fourth,  the  lead-silver  ores. 

The  Gold-Bearing  Conglomerates. — At  the  base 
of  the  series  of  Cambrian  strata,  immediately  above 
the  upturned  schists,  there  is  generally  a  bed  of 
gravel.  It  varies  in  thickness  from  a  few  inches  to 
more  than  30  feet.  Throughout  a  large  number  of 
areas  where  the  Cambrian  strata  yet  remain  un- 
eroded  this  conglomerate  is  generally  about  3  or  4 
feet  thick,  and  passes  upward  into  a  hard,  dense 
quartzite,  which  has  a  vertical  range  of  from  15  to 
30  feet.  The  quartzite  is  almost  universally  present 
at  the  base  of  the  Cambrian  series.  The  gravel  is 
generally  quite  thin,  but  attains  a  notable  thickness 
in  a  few  localities.  One  of  these  is  in  the  vicinity  of 
Lead  City.  Here  the  gravel  is  gold-bearing  and  has 
produced  very  heavily  in  the  past.  The  productive 
areas  of  this  gold-bearing  gravel  are  closely  grouped 
about  the  Homestake  belt.  They  are  five  in  number. 
One,  comprising  the  Durango  and  Harrison  mines,  is 
west  of  the  Homestake  lode,  near  the  southern  ex- 
tremity of  the  present  outcrop.  The  other  four, 
east  and  north  of  it,  include  the  Hawkeye,  Monitor 
and  Gentle  Annie.  One  of  these  lies  just  east  of  the 
Caledonia  cut ;   another  on  the  divide  between  Bob- 

♦Trans.  Am.  Min.  Congress.    (Condensed). 


tail  and  Deadwood  gulches ;  the  third  on  that  between 
Bobtail  and  Deadwood  gulches,  and  the  fourth  on  the 
north  side  of  Bobtail  gulch,  beneath  a  heavy  capping 
of  rhyolite,  which  forms  the  high  ridge  beyond.  The 
gold-bearing  conglomerate  occupies  irregular  depres- 
sions in  the  old  schist  surface,  and  was  probably  not 
uniformly  distributed  along  an  old  shore  line.  It 
thins  out  to  nothing  along  the  strike  of  the  Home- 
stake  lode  and  allows  the  higher  measures  of  the 
Cambrian  series  to  lap  over  onto  the  mineralized 
rock  of  the  Algonkian.  A  general  downward  inclina- 
tion of  the  schist  surface  toward  the  northeast  may 
also  be  observed. 

It  is  not  possible  to  give  exact  boundaries  to  the 
original  extent  of  these  gold-bearing  gravels  on 
account  of  the  dissected  nature  of  the  areas  which 
now  remain.  The  gravel  is  composed  of  rounded, 
water-worn  pebbles  of  quartz  schist  and  a  few  frag- 
ments of  softer  schist,  which  seem  to  decrease  in 
abundance  as  one  proceeds  farther  from  the  Home- 
stake  lode — that  is,  from  the  old  pre-Cambrian  shore 
line.  The  gold-bearing  portions  of  the  gravel  may 
be  at  once  distinguished  from  those  which  are  barren 
by  the  character  of  the  material  which  cements  the 
pebbles.  In  the  gold-bearing  portions  this  is  chiefly 
oxide  of  iron  when  weathered,  or  pyrite  when  it  has 
not  suffered  alteration.  The  non-gold-bearing  por- 
tions, on  the  other  hand,  have  also  a  rather  sandy, 
quartzose  matrix,  or  are  in  some  instances  slightly 
calcareous.  The  gold  in  the  richest  portions  of  the 
conglomerate — those  first  mined — is  chiefly  placer 
gold,  for  it  is  rounded  and  worn  by  attrition  and  is 
concentrated  near  the  bedrock.  It  was  undoubtedly 
derived  from  the  erosion  of  gold-bearing  lodes  in  the 
Algonkian  rocks,  and  mechanically  deposited  in  de- 
pressions along  the  old  shore  line.  Some  of  it  has 
been  dissolved  by  ferric  sulphate  which  has  resulted 
from  the  oxidation  of  the  pyrite  and  has  been  rede- 
posited  from  this  solution  in  thin  films  in  the  laminae 
of  the  underlying  schists.  This  has  also  produced  an 
enrichment  of  the  lowermost  layers  of  conglomerate. 
Besides  these  two  types  of  gold  which  occur  in  these 
gravels,  it  is  also  possible  that  gold  was  introduced 
with  the  pyrite  which  either  cements  or  once 
cemented  the  pebbles.  The  introduction  of  pyrite 
was  subsequent  to  the  deposition  of  the  conglomer- 
ates, since  it  penetrates  fractures  in  the  quartz  peb- 
bles. It  is  probably  a  replacement  of  the  original 
quartzose  cementing  material.  Intrusions  of  rhyo- 
lite cut  the  conglomerate  in  many  places,  and  are 
often  quite  heavily  impregnated  with  pyrite.  The 
close  relation  between  these  gravel  deposits  and  the 
Homestake  lode,  together  with  their  absence  along 
its  line  of  outcrop,  seems  to  indicate  that  the  Home- 
stake  zone  projected  above  the  level  of  the  surround- 
ing rocks  and  formed  in  the  old  Cambrian  sea  a  reef 
about  which  these  gravels  were  deposited.  A 
greater  portion  of  their  gold  was  thus,  with  little 
question,  derived  from  the  disintegration  of  the  old 
Homestake  lode.  They  are  not  to  be  compared  ex- 
actly with  the  gold-bearing  sands  which  are  found  in 
the  Nome  district  of  Alaska,  but  are  somewhat  ex- 
ceptional, not  only  because  they  are  the  only  repre- 
sentatives of  what  may  be  termed  fossil  placers,  but 
because  they  are  not  uniformly  deposited  along  the 
shore,  but  were  confined  to  the  vicinity  of  an  outcrop 
of  a  large  gold  lode,  and  the  detrital  material  from 
that  lode  was  held  in  irregular  depressions  in  the 
submarine  surface  in  the  vicinity. 

Refractory  Siliceous  Ores. — Of  all  the  ores 
occurring  in  rocks  of  later  age  than  the  Algonkian, 
the  refractory  siliceous  ores  have  thus  far  been  the 
most  important  factor  in  the  gold  production  of  the 
northern  Black  Hills.  They  are  widely  distributed 
over  a  large  area,  extending  from  Yellow  creek  on 
the  southeast  to  Squaw  creek  on  the  northwest,  in  a 
broad,  irregular  belt. 

This  belt  includes  five  productive  areas,  which  will 
be  later  discussed.  The  country  rock  in  which  the 
ore  occurs  is  a  dolomitic  limestone  of  fine-grained, 
crystalline  texture,  and  varying,  like  the  ore,  in  its 
degree  of  oxidation.  It  is  termed  "sand  rock"  by 
the  miners.  In  its  fresh  condition  it  is  a  dense,  gray, 
crystalline  rock,  showing  innumerable  small  cleavage 
faces  of  dolomite  and  generally  interrupted  by  bands 
of  greenish-black  shale  of  varying  width.  When  oxi- 
dized it  has  a  deep  red  color,  but  presents  the  same 
crystalline  texture,  while  with  very  advanced  altera- 
tion it  passes  into  a  red,  earthy  material  termed 
"gouge."  Chemical  analysis  of  this  rock  shows  it  to 
be  a  dolomite  of  nearly  normal  composition,  while  the 
microscope  shows  that  it  is  composed  of  irregular 
masses  of  dolomite,  with  some  scattered  grains  of 
quartz  or  clearly-bounded  rhombic  crystals  of  dolo- 
mite. When  the  rock  has  been  mineralized  these  are 
altered  to  silica  and  often  beautifully  preserved.  The 
dolomite  beds  of  this  character  which  have  so  far 
been  most  extensively  prospected  occur  at  two  posi- 
tions in  the  Cambrian  series.  The  first  is  imme- 
diately above  the  basal  quartzite,  from  15  to  25  feet 
above  the  schists  of  the  Algonkian,  and  known  as  the 
"lower  contact;"  the  second,  from  18  to  30  feet 
below  the  scolithus,  or  so-called  "  worm-eaten  "  sand- 
stone that  forms  the  top  of  the  Cambrian  series, 
termed  the  "upper  contact."  Many  other  beds  of 
dolomite  occur  at  intervening  levels  and  some  of  them 
have  produced  a  little  ore.  There  has  as  yet  been 
but  little  systematic  prospecting  upon  these  beds, 
and  it  is  very  probable  that  they  may  become  im- 


portant ore  horizons  in  future.  The  ore  is  an  ex- 
tremely hard,  brittle  rock,  composed  largely  of 
secondary  silica  and  carrying,  when  unoxidized, 
pyrite,  fluorite  and,  at  times,  barite,  wolframite, 
stibnite  and  jarosite.  It  shows  many  cavities, 
which  are  lined  with  druses  of  quartz  crystals, 
or  contain  clusters  composed  of  cubes  of  fluo- 
rite. Some  of  the  cavities  show  large  crystals  of 
barite.  In  some  localities  the  siliceous  ore  is  heavily 
charged  with  wolframite,  so  that  in  many  instances 
it  grades  from  beds  of  siliceous  ore  into  flat  bodies  of 
almost  pure  wolframite.  Occurrences  of  this  kind 
are  found  in  the  Yellow  creek  and  Lead  creek  areas. 
When  carrying  large  quantities  of  wolframite  the 
ore  usually  contains  great  quantities  of  barite.  The 
ore  occurs  in  flat,  banded  masses  in  which  the  band- 
ing is  continuous  with  the  bedding  planes  of  the  ad- 
joining strata.  These  masses  possess  a  regular, 
channel-like  form  and  follow  zones  of  fracture  that 
vary  for  the  separate  districts  in  their  general  direc- 
tion, but  exhibit  a  very  uniform  trend  within  the 
limit  of  any  single  productive  area.  These  channel- 
like ore  bodies  are  known  as  shoots  and  have  a  width 
of  from  a  few  inches  to,  in  rare  instances,  300  feet. 
The  average  width  is,  perhaps,  about  30  feet, 
although  all  widths  between  5  and  100  feet  are  of  fre- 
quent occurrence.  The  length  is  in  all  cases  many 
times  in  excess  of  the  breadth,  and  in  the  case  of  the 
Tornado-Mogul  shoot  is  about  i  mile.  The  vertical 
dimensions  vary  from  a  few  inches  to  a  maximum  of 
18  feet.  The  average  thickness  is  about  6  feet.  The 
shoots  generally  follow  either  single  fractures  which 
are  parallel  to  their  longer  diameter,  or  broad  areas 
of  parallel  or  intersecting  fracture.  The  beds  of  rock 
that  lie  above  the  ore  are  generally  shale  of  a  more 
or  less  impervious  character,  but  sills  of  eruptive 
rock  not  infrequently  play  'the  same  role.  On  the 
lower  contact  the  floor  is  sometimes  of  basal  Cam- 
brian quartzite,  but  in  many  cases  varying  thick- 
nesses of  dolomite  intervene  between  it  and  the  ore. 
In  such  cases  the  widest  portion  of  the  shoot  is 
directly  beneath  the  impervious  rock  of  the  roof,  for 
the  solutions  have  spread  out  and  replaced  dolomite 
to  the  greatest  distance  along  the  under  surface  of 
the  impervious  rock.  The  shoots  have  thus  a  wedge- 
shaped  form  in  many  cases,  the  broadest  portion  of 
the  wedge  being  at  the  top. 

The  Fractures. — When  the  ore  that  forms  the 
body  of  a  shoot  has  been  removed,  the  fractures  by 
which  the  mineralizers  have  gained  access  to  the 
rock  replaced  may  be  traced  in  the  overlying  and — 
where  they  are  uncovered — in  the  underlying  beds. 
These  fractures  have  been  rendered  prominent  by  a 
slight  silicification  of  the  adjoining  rock,  which  has 
often  caused  them  to  project  from  the  softer  shaly 
material.  They  are  often  iron-stained,  also.  These 
silicified  iron-stained  fractures  are  commonly  known 
as  "verticals."  They  may  be  observed  in  greater  or 
less  number  in  all  of  the  shoots  of  the  refractory  sili- 
ceous ore.  The  fractures  are  generally  slightly 
warped  surfaces  along  which  slight  movement  has 
occurred,  or  they  may  be  composite  zones  of  fracture 
caused  by  the  intersection  of  many  small  irregular 
fissures.  The  displacement  along  such  planes  of 
movement  is  generally  very  small — not  more  than  2 
or  3  inches — but  it  sometimes  reaches  6  or  7  feet. 
They  are  usually  without  appreciable  open  space,  for 
the  walls  have  not  generally  been  removed  from  one 
another  for  distances  greater  than  ^  inch.  Some 
notable  exceptions  occur.  They  are  generally  verti- 
cal, or  nearly  so.  They  frequently  extend  into  the 
beds  that  form  the  roof  of  the  ore  bodies,  and  some- 
times terminate  in  the  ore-bearing  beds  themselves. 
They  have  also  been  traced  through  the  lower  quartz- 
ite into  the  Algonkian  below,  but  on  entering  that 
formation  their  traces  are  lost  in  the  vertical  lam- 
inae of  the  schists. 

(to  be  continued.) 


The  Hampson  Patent  Turntable. 

Among  the  points  of  merit  in  the  Hampson  patent 
turntable,   illustrated  herewith,  are  that  there  will 


The  Hampson  Patent  Turntable. 

be  found  no  tracks  to  clog  up  with  ore,  dirt  or  snow. 
The  car  can  be  pushed  on  or  off,  to  or  from  any  track 
at  any  angle  :  no  matching  of  rails  necessary.  The 
manufacturers  say  that  it  doubles  the  amount  of 
work  possible  with  other  turning  devices,  and  that 
the  heaviest  car  can  be  turned  by  a  child.  These 
tables  are  made  only  by  the  Colorado  Iron  Works 
Co.,  Denver,  Colo.,  under  authority  from  the  pat- 
entee. Standard  size,  36  inches  diameter ;  weight, 
600  pounds. 


September  56,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


206 


P K 

I  Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

h „ 6 


PATENTS  ISSUED  SEPTEMBER  15.  1903 

Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING   AND  SCIEN- 
tific press. 

Machine  for  Washing  and  Cleaning  Gravel 
in  Gold  Mining.— No.  738  408;  J.  G  Cimp  Sacra- 
men'.o,  Cal. 


In  machine  for  wa»m..f4  nun  o. caning  gravel,  com- 
bination of  rotably  mounted  cylinder,  feed  spout  lead- 
ing into  one  end  thereof,  and  transverse  retaining 
plates  dividing  interior  of  cylinder  into  sections,  first 
adjoining  delivery  spout,  provided  with  longitudinal 
lifting  plates,  second  is  imperforate  and  unob- 
structed, third  provided  with  perforations  for  escape 
of  water  and  of  smaller  portions  of  material  treated, 
and  fourth  provided  with  discharge  openings  of  larger 
diameter  for  passage  of  larger  portion  of  material 
treated. 

Ore  Separator  —No.  738,331 ;  C.  F.  Lancaster, 
East  Liverpool,  Ohio. 


Ore  separator,  i0iij.i.s.-0  ui  ^mj.nation  with 
magnet,  separator  box,  magnetizable  corrugated 
plates  supported  therein,  adapted  to  be  excited  by 
magnet,  and  feeder  for  feeding  material  between 
plates. 

Rotary  Drier.— No.  738,106;  D.  Grupe,  Daven- 
port, Iowa. 


discharge  opening,  inner  supporting  plate  and  outer 
plate  providing  steam  chamber  at  one  end  of  shell, 
steam  supply  pipe  connected  with  steam  chamber, 
outer  supporting  plate  having  central  opening  and 
located  at  outer  end  of  shell,  steam  flues  having  their 
inner  ends  fixed  in  inner  supporting  plate  and  ex- 
tending into  steam  chamber,  outer  ends  movably 
mounted  in  outer  supporting  plate  and  extending  be- 
yond same,  small  steam  chambers  having  inner  open- 
ings iD  which  outer  ends  of  flues  are  fixed,  and  outer 
openings  opposite  inner  openings,  removable  caps  se- 
cured lo  outer  openings  of  small  steam  chambers. 

Mine  Curtain  Raiser.— J.  Wack,   Canton,    Ohio. 


In  combination,  curtain  n„„„,  curtain  hung  on 
frame,  adjacent  rocking  frame  comprising  rock  shaft, 
rock  posts  on  shaft,  curtain  arms  pivoted  to  rock 
posts  above  and  attached  to  curtain  below,  toggle 
levers  pivoted  respectively  with  curtain  arms  to  rock 
posts  and  to  curtain  frame,  toggle  joints  being  tied 
to  curtain  arms,  weight  on  rocking  frame  located  to 
bear  with  curtain  when  same  is  lowered,  and  partly 
counterbalance  it  when  raised,  and  means  for  oscil- 
lating rocking  frame  whereby  is  curtain  raised  and 
lowered. 


Earth  Boring  Auger.- 
vier,  Superior,  Wis. 


-No.  738,760;  A.  M.  Be- 


ln  auger,  combination  of  cylinder,  open  at  one  end 
and  provided  at  end  with  boring  point  forming  con- 
tinuation thereof,  and  having  port  formed  in  opposite 
end,  and  outwardly  opening  valve  adapted  to  govern 
port.  

Press  for  Squeezing  Mushy,  Zinky  or  Coppery 
Lead  Drosses.— No.  739,003;  W.  H.  Howard,  Pueblo, 
Colo. 


Rotary  drier  comprising  cylindrical  shell  having 


In  press,  coinb.nation  with  support,  of  fixed  up- 
right screw  secured  therein,  plunger  loosely  swiveled 
on  lower  end  of  screw,  plurality  of  teeth  projecting 
from  under  side  of  plunger,  adapted  to  indent  mate- 
rial being  treated,  frame  supporing  material,  and 
nut  meshing  with  screw  for  feeding  frame  up  toward 
and  down  from  plunger  without  relative  turning 
thereof,  whereby  after  material  has  been  withdrawn 
from  plunger  latter  can  be  freely  turned  to  cause 
teeth  to  make  new  series  holes  in  material. 


Process    of    Treating    Ores.— No.    739,011;    F. 
Laist,  Salt  Like  City,  Utah. 

CiicOj  *  ifesn,  •  CuSa,  *ro. — 

■/ft  S  +     Cu  SO,    -  //,  SO,  *  CuS 


OcS    *     2  0 


Cu     v-  SO-. 


~Ca   CO,  +  SO, 


Ci,  so,  *co,~ 


2 Co  XO,  +3C  -  2  VaS*3COg- 


CaS*CfK  *N~  O-Ca  CO,  *//.,  S 


Method  of  generating  hydrogen  suipnide  and  pre- 
cipitating copper  by  subjecting  an  alkaline  earth  sul- 
phide in  the  presence  of  water  to  the  action  of  car- 
bon dioxide,  producing  hydrogen  sulphide  and 
carbonate  of  alkaline  earth,  conducting  hydrogen 
sulphide  into  the  presence  of  copper  in  solution,  pre- 
cipitating copper  sulphide,  treating  copper  sulphide 
to  obtain  metallic  copper  and  gases  rich  in  sulphur 
dioxide,  absorbing  gases  by  alkaline  earth  carbonate, 
forming  sulphite  of  alkaline  earth,  and  reducing  sul- 
phite to  sulphide. 

Concentrating    Machine. - 
Hicks,  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 


-No.    739,081;    T.    H. 


In  concentrating  Luacm^c,  lo^uoaole  cylindrical 
vessel  adapted  to  contain  mercury,  discharge  open- 
ing for  mercury  escaping  from  vessel,  mercury- 
coated  lining  covering  interior  of  vessel  and  extend- 
ing through  discharge  opening,  means  for  adjusting 
area  of  discharge  opening  to  prevent  discharge  of 
water  or  ore  while  permitting  discharge  of  mercury. 

Process  of  Treating  Telltjride  Ores  of  Gold 
and  Silver.— No.  739,138;  C  E  Biker  and  A.  W. 
Burwell,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 


Process  treating  ores  of  gold  and  saver  containing 
base  metal  and  tellurium  by  combining  base  metal 
and  tellurium  with  chlorine,  and  separating  base 
metal  chloride  from  other  metals  or  metallic  com- 
pounds in  mass.  

Electrolytic  Process  of  Recovering  Metals 
From  Their  Compounds.— No.  739,139;  C.  E.  Baker 
and  A.  W.  Burwell,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 


Electrolytic  process  of  recovering  metals  from 
compounds  by  electrolyzing  the  metallic  compound 
with  liquid  cathode  of  a  metal  more  volatile  than 
metal  to  be  recovered,  distilling  resulting  amalgam 
or  alloy,  and  condensing  the  vaporized  cathode  metal 
and  continuously  returning  it  as  condensed  to  cathode. 


20? 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26, 1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

The  Bartela  Tin  M.  Co.  is  driving  two 
tunnels  into  the  hills  back  of  Tin  City,  15 
miles  above  York,  says  the  Valdez  News. 

S.  Elmgreen  and  A.  B.  Frick  report 
finding  ore  on  "Windfall  creek,  near  Ju- 
neau. The  strike  is  8  miles  from  Yankee 
Cove. 

R.  K.  Neill  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  of  the 
Kendall  mine,  interested  in  the  Kyak  oil 
fields,  s.ays  the  English  company  is  sink- 
ing a  well  and  is  down  400  feet.  It  has 
not  yet  reached  the  oil  sands.  Two  other 
companies  are  putting  up  rigs.  M.  J. 
Sinclair  and  J.  A.  Finch,  of  Spokane,  are 
also  interested  in  the  district.  The  oil 
has  been  tested  and  is  said  to  be  of  good 
grade. 

The  Saw  Tooth  Power  &  M.  Co.  is  be- 
ing organized  by  several  operators  at 
Cape  Nome  to  supply  all  of  Seward  penin- 
sula with  electricity  and  water  power  for 
hydraulic  mining.  East  of  Port  Clarence 
and  a  few  miles  from  salt  water  are  the 
Saw  Tooth  or  Kigiualk  mountains,  in 
which  rise  several  streams.  It  is  pro- 
posed to  harness  these  small  rivers  and 
generate  an  aggregate  of  100,000  H.  P., 
using  the  water  power  for  generating 
electricity,  which  will  be  carried  by  wire 
to  Nome  and  all  other  mining  districts  of 
Seward  peninsula.  The  electric  current 
will  then  be  utilized  in  lifting  the  water 
from  the  various  rivers  and  creeks  for  hy- 
draulic mining  purposes.  At  present 
steam  plants  are  being  used,  but  the  cost 
of  the  machinery  and  fuel  is  so  great  that 
they  can  be  employed  only  where  the 
ground  1b  rich.  Two  engineering  parties 
are  now  in  the  field  surveying  the  falls 
and  rivers  of  the  Saw  Tooth  mountains. 
It  is  expected  to  get  part  of  the  machinery 
in  next  summer. 

ARIZONA. 

GILA  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — Copper  min- 
ing is  active  in  the  Globe  district.  The 
Old  Dominion  has  disclosed  by  recent  de- 
velopments ore  reserves  which  in  richness 
and  quantity  excel  estimates  heretofore 
given.  The  Old  Dominion  company  is 
running  two  jackets  of  125  tons  each.  In 
one  of  them  it  is  treating  sulphide  ores 
from  the  Copper  Hill  mines,  owned  by  the 
Arizona  Commercial  Co.,  which  company 
has  recently  developed  In  its  lower  levels 
large  bodies  of  sulphide  ores.  The  new 
shaft  of  the  Old  Dominion  is  being  pushed 
night  and  day,  and  excavations  for  a  new 
and  modern  plant  are  being  made. 

There  are  a  number  of  small  properties 
that  are  shipping  ores  to  the  Globe  and 
El  PaBO  smelters  at  good  profit. 

The  Black  Warrior  C.  Co.,  Amalga- 
mated, recently  made  a  run  in  its  new 
plant  which  is  leaching,  concentrating, 
smelting  and  refining,  the  result  of  which 
was  satisfactory.  The  superintendent  re- 
ports higher  grade  ores  on  the  lower  level. 
The  company  will  put  in  a  new  100-ton 
blast  furnace  to  treat  these  ores  together 
with  refiners'  slag  from  the  refining  fur- 
nace. 

The  Pacific  M.  &  M.  Co.,  J.  D.  Coplen, 
general  manager,  J.  B.  Coplen,  superin- 
tendent, has  fifteen  claims  in  the  Globe  dis- 
trict, and  also  owns  fifteen  claims  in  Pima 
county.  The  company  is  developing  its 
property  and  proposes  to  erect  a  plant  of 
three-fold  character,  leaching,  concentrat- 
ing, smelting  and  refining,  total  capacity 
500  tons  per  day,  as  their  developments 
show  carbonates,  oxides  and  glance  ores, 
with  sulphide  coming  in  at  the  lowest 
level,  250  feet  below  the  outcrops  on  the 
Burface.  There  is  nearly  2500  feet  of  de- 
velopment work  consisting  of  tunnels, 
shaftB,  winzes,  adits,  etc.,  on  the  Globe 
properties.  On  the  north  side  the  ore 
body  can  be  tapped  at  a  depth  of  400  feet 
by  tunnels;  on  the  south  side  it  can  be 
tapped  at  the  depth  of  500  feet  by  a  tun- 
nel. Development  has  been  planned  by 
the  company  by  running  a  drift  from  the 
lowest  point  throughout  the  entire  length, 
some  8000  feet  on  the  vein,  gaining  a  depth 
of  more  than  1000  feet. 

Railroad  building  in  Arizona  the  com- 
ing year  promises  to  be  a  most  important 
factor  in,  the  affairs  of  Arizona.  Tonto 
Basin  reservoir,  to  be  the  largeBt  artificial 
body  of  water  in  the  world,  now  building 
by  the  Government  35  miles  north  of 
Globe,  will  figure  in  the  mining  develop- 
ment of  that  section. 

Globe,  Sept.  15th. 

MARICOPA  COUNTY. 

The  Mormon  Girl  mine,  at  Cave  Creek, 
has  been  sold  to  Davis  &  Sons  of  Congress 
and  Chicago,  111,  men.  The  ore  Bhows 
free  gold  and  sulphurets.  They  are  re- 
pairing the  mill  to  use  until  they  can 
build  one  to  be  run  by  electricity. 

At  the  Oro  Grande  mine,  near  Wicken- 


burg,  the  5-6tamp  test  mill  is  being  put 
in  place,  says  Vice-President  G.  B.  Upton. 
The  mill  has  900-pound  stamps,  and  is  of 
the  same  pattern  as  the  proposed  larger 
mill. 

PIMA    COUNTY. 

To  work  a  group  of  mines  in  the  Old 
Hat  district  In  the  Catalina  mountains, 
near  Tucson,  the  Gold  Canyon  M.  &  M. 
Co.  has  been  organized.  The  officers  are: 
C.  H.  Pogue,  A.  H  Tibbals,  B.  Brooks,  D. 
S.  Cochran  and  W.  I.  Perry  of  Tucson, 
W.  H.  Tibbals  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
and  J.  S.  Acker  of  Prescott. 

YAVAPAI    COUNTY. 

The  Tiger  G.  M.  Co  ,  operating  in  the 
Bradshaw  mountains,  southeast  of  Pres- 
cott, has  completed  a  Burvey  from  the 
Oro  Belle  mine  to  Bradshaw  City  for  a 
narrow  gauge  railroad,  which  railroad 
later  will  be  extended  from  Bradshaw 
City  to  Crown  King,  says  the  PreBcott 
Courier.  A  wagon  road  has  been  built 
from  Bradshaw  City  to  Crown  King,  hav- 
ing a  4%  grade,  and  can  be  used  for  the 
railroad  when  it  is  built.  The  Cleveland 
tunnel  has  been  run  in  815  feet  from  the 
Cleveland  to  the  Gray  Eagle  ground,  and 
at  the  end  of  the  tunnel  a  station  cut  and 
a  hoisting  engine  set  up.  A  double  com- 
partment shaft  is  being  sunk. 

T.  J.  Rigby,  president  of  the  Rigby  M. 
&  R.  Co  ,  which  is  building  a  chlorination 
plant  at  Mayer,  says  work  is  progressing. 
The  plant  will  handle  the  siliceous  ores. 

Shipments  of  onyx  are  being  made  to 
London,  England,  from  the  onyx  quarries 
at  Mayer. 

YUMA  COUNTY. 

It  is  reported  work  will  be  started  on 
the  Rio  del  Monte  claims,  8  miles  south  of 
Harrisburg,  next  week.  Machinery  has 
arrived  and  development  will  be  increased. 
The  group  consists  of  thirty-two  patented 
claims  and  owned  by  J.  P.  Jones  and  R. 
F.  Pettigrew. 

J.  P.  Moffett  of  Palomas,  manager  of  a 
group  of  mines  in  Castle  Dome  district, 
says,  with  Eastern  parties  he  is  arranging 
for  opening  of  work  next  month.  The 
five  claims  in  this  group  are  18  miles  north 
of  Gila  City  and  8  miles  south  of  the  Luce 
mine.  Since  location,  three  60-foot  shafts 
have  been  sunk,  exposing  veins  of  pyritic 
ore  carrying  copper,  gold  and  silver,  giv- 
ing average  assays  of  $30  values. 

CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

At  the  Bunker  Hill  mine,  near  Amador 
City,  grading  for  the  20-stamp  mill  was 
completed  last  week  and  construction 
work  is  under  way. 

The  work  of  repairing  the  shaft  at  the 
Argonaut  mine  at  Jackson,  preliminary  to 
starting  up,  is  expected  to  begin  this  week. 
Supplies  of  timber  and  lumber  are  being 
received. 

At  the  Kennedy   mine  at  Jackson  the 
new  hoist  Is  in  operation,    using  the   old 
skips  temporarily.    The  new  skipB  are  ex- 
pected to  be  attached  this  week. 
CALAVERAS    COUNTY. 

Operations  are  going  ahead  at  the 
Voinich  mine,  near  Angels,  and  the  Bhaft 
is  down  195  feet.  The  lode  lies  8  feet  east 
of  the  shaft,  the  shaft  being  sunk  on  the 
foot  wall  side  and  parallel  with  the  pitch 
of  the  vein,  says  the  Echo.  Several 
stringers  of  ore  have  been  cut,  coming 
from  the  weBt  and  making  for  the  main 
lode.  The  company  is  preparing  to  put 
in  heavier  machinery  and  a  compressor, 
and  is  also  making  re^ady  for  a  20-stamp 
mill. 

At  the  Angels  mine,  at  Angels,  owned 
by  J.  V.  Coleman,  the  20-stamp  mill  is 
running  Bteadily  and  work  is  progressing 
on  the  second  twenty  stamps  that  are  be- 
ing added.  It  Is  expected  to  have  them 
dropping  by  Oct.  15. 

The  Utlca  M.  Co.'s  group  at  Angels, 
embracing  the  Stickle,  South  Stickle, 
Madison  and  Gold  Cliff  mines,  are  all  run- 
ning In  full  operation.  The  log  yards  of 
the  company  are  being  filled  up,  and 
sawed  timbers  and  planks  are  coming  in 
for  the  winter  operations.  As  soon  as  the 
Madison  is  unwatered  extensive  explora- 
tions will  be  made. 

The  Red  Bird  gravel  mine  in  Chili 
Gulch,  near  Mokelumne  Hill  and  adjoin- 
ing the  Duryea  mine  on  the  eaBt,  was 
bonded  last  week  to  a  Chicago,  111.,  com- 
pany for  $2100,  says  F.  L.  Peek,  part 
owner.     Work  will  begin  next  month. 

At  Jenny  Lind,  F.  M.  Hammond  mana- 
ger, the  California  G.  Dredging  Co.  is 
building  a  dredger  to  work  the  gravel 
beds.  The  work  of  prospecting  the  gravel 
has  been  going  on  for  several  weeks,  and 
several  tracts  along  the  river  are  under 
bond. 

EL  DORADO   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Georgia 
Slide  mines — Blue  Rock,  Pacific,  Beattie 
and  Parsons — are  not  working  at  present, 
due  to  lack  of  water.  Schirer  Bros.  & 
Co.  have  given  up  their  lease  on  the  Par- 
sons mine. The  El  Dorado  C.  Co  ,  near 

Georgetown,  are  doing  work  on  the  Modoc 


mine. The  Josephine  at  Volcanoville  is 

reported    shut  down    temporarily. E. 

W.  Chapman  has  bought  the  Gem  mill 
and  says  he  will  remove  it  across  the  gulch 
to  the  Garfield  mine  and  begin  develop- 
ment. The  80-foot  incline  shaft  shows 
ore. The  Two  Channel  Co.  is  not  work- 
ing at  present. 

Georgetown,  Sept  23. 

Superintendent  O.  Emery  of  the  Emery 
G.  M.  &  W.  Co.  says  the  company  is  pre- 
paring to  extend  its  ditch  system  so  as  to 
convey  water  to  the  placers  in  Secret  Dig- 
gings district,  3  miles  north  of  El  Dorado. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 

The  Westmoreland-Coalinga  Petroleum 
Co.  has  been  organized  by  Eastern  men, 
and  W.  P.  Kerr  is  field  manager.  The 
company's  holdings  are  J  mile  south  from 
the  producers  of  the  California  Oil  Fields, 
Ltd.,  and  28  Oil  Co  ,  near  Coalinga. 

The  Coalinga  Star  Oil  Co.  was  organ- 
ized last  week  at  Grass  Valley  by  W.  A. 
Sleep,  R  J.  Fitzgerald,  D.  E.  Matteson, 
W.  G.  Thomas,  D.  E.  Morgan,  I.  W. 
Hays  and  L.  C.  Wilhelm,  to  operate  on  a 
20-acre  tract  which  they  have  bought  at 
Coalinga.  Tbe  principal  place  of  business 
will  be  Grass  Valley. 

KERN  COUNTY. 
The  Columbian  Oil  Co.,  at  Kern  river, 
near  Bakersfield,  is  preparing  to  drill  seven 
additional  wells  on  its  land,  and  work  has 
started  on  the  first  of  this  number.  The 
company  has  five  wells  completed  and 
pumping,  says  Superintendent  Coburn. 

The  Potomac  Oil  Co.,  which  is  pumping 
nine  wells  in  the  northern  part  of  Kern 
river,  near  Bakersfield,  intends  to  sink 
six  more  wells  this  winter,  says  Superin- 
tendent Ritchie.  He  has  a  reservoir  with 
a  storage  capacity  of  8200  barrels. 

Twenty-one  non-union  mlnerB  arrived 
at  Randsburg  on  the  23rd  inst.,  to  work 
for  the  Yellow  Aster  M.  Co. 

It  is  reported  the  Spreckels-Crocker- 
Woolworth  combination  have,  in  addition 
to  their  control  of  the  Monarch  oil  prop- 
erty at  Sunset,  absorbed  the  several  leases 
of  that  company — the  Obispo,  the  Copper 
Con.  and  the  Tremont.  These  properties 
have  producing  wells.  It  is  also  thought 
the  same  men  have  bought  the  Clark- 
Bryan-Wilson  property,  which  was  sold  a 
short  time  ago  for  $40,000,  says  the  Ba- 
kerBfield  Californian.  The  Spreckels- 
Crocker-Woolworth  men  are  owners  and 
operators  of  the  Pacific  Oil  Transporta- 
tion Co.,  operating  its  own  steamers  and 
refineries. 

LOS  ANGELES  COUNTY. 
The  holdings  of  the  Dividend  Oil  Co., 
consisting  of  nine  wells  on  Boyleston   ave- 
nue, Los  Angeles,    have   been  sold  to  the 
Boyleston  Oil  Co.,  of  which  B.  G.  Adams 
and  H.  E.  Adams  are  president  and   vice- 
president,    respectively.     The  price  paid 
for    the    property,    which    Includes    two 
pumping  plants  and  storage  tanks  of  5000 
barrels  capacity,  ia  reported  to  be  $15,000. 
NEVADA  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — Six   feet   of 
free  gold  ore  has  been  opened   up  in   the 
Yuba    mine,    near    Washington.     Lessee 
Miller  has  transferred  his  lease  on  100  tons 
of  ore  to  the  company  for  $1000  cash,  he 
being    permitted     to     remove    the    ore 
already   broken.    J.   L.   Bryson  is   man- 
ager. 
Washington,  Sept.  24. 
T.   F.   McAvory,  managing  director  of 
the  Standard   M.  Co.,  says  he  intends  to 
put  in  additional  machinery  on  the  mine 
on  Alta  Hill,  near  Nevada  City. 

The  Planet  Con.  Drift  M.  Co.  has  bonded 
all  its  property  at  Lowell  Hill,  near  Ne- 
vada City,  to  C.  A.  Bailey  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, says  the  Miner.  It  adjoins  the  Lib- 
erty Hill  mine,  and  will  be  worked  by 
drift  mining.  It  is  intended  to  drift  on 
the  bedrock  and  then  stope  the  gravel. 
They  have  a  surface  area  of  320  acres  on 
which  there  is  considerable  timber. 


The 


PLACER  COUNTY, 
water    right    and    electric  power 


plant  of  the  Pioneer-Lynn  M.  Co.  has 
been  sold  to  the  International  M.  &  S.  Co., 
owners  of  the  Southern  Cross  and  other 
quartz  properties  near  Euchre  Bar,  7 
miles  from  Towle,  for  $7500  cash  and 
stock.  The  sale  includes  a  water  right  of 
3000  inches,  dam,  flume,  power  house,  350 
H  P.  turbineeew  hi,  electric  plant  with 
complete  equipment. 

SAN  BERNARDINO   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Chase 
G.  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Stagg,  is  prepar- 
ing to  put  in  a  10-stamp  mill  and  cyanide 
plant.  E.  H.  Stagg,  of  Johannesburg, 
Kern  county,  is  manager. 

Stagg,  Sept.  22. 

SAN  LUIS  OBISPO   COUNTY. 

In  Carisa  oil  district  in  eastern  San  Luis 
Obispo  county,  west  of  McKittrick  (Kern 
county),  development  work  is  increasing. 
Three  drilling  rigs  are  on  the  ground. 
Wagon  roads  have  been  built,  one  through 
the  Temblor  hills  from  McKittrick  to  the 
Carisa  district.     On  the  Congdon    prop- 


erty, a  supply  of  water  has  been  de- 
veloped, and  work  on  the  oil  well  being 
drilled  is  going  ahead.  H.  H.  Bardin, 
manager  of  the  Los  Chimneas  ranch, 
southweBt  of  the  Congdon  well,  reporta 
finding  oil  shale.  Four  wells  are  to  be 
drilled. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 

The  Great  Western  G.  Co.  report  pay- 
ing $90,000  as  second  payment  on  the 
Afterthought  copper  mine  near  Bella  Vista 
this  week.  The  total  price  was  $150,000. 
The  final  payment  is  due  in  March,  1904. 
The  Great  Western  has  had  a  working 
bond  on  the  property  for  over  a  year,  and 
is  putting  in  a  150-ton  emelter.  Machin- 
ery ia  on  the  ground,  and  the  building  is 
going  up. 

Work  was  resumed  last  week  at  the 
Quartz  Hill  mine,  of  the  Original  Quartz 
Hill  M.  Co.,  near  Redding,  under  Foreman 
A.  Jackson.  A  300-foot  shaft  will  be  sunk 
and  a  cyanide  plant  will  be  built,  says 
President  M.  Maryanski. 

The  Star  of  Hope  mine,  at  the  head  of 
Little  Churn  creek  near  Churntown,  near 
Redding,  is  being  reopened  and  ore  pro- 
duced for  shipment  to  the  Keswick 
smelter.  The  mine  was  formerly  the 
Dale  &  Dawson  mine.  S.  S.  Stickley,  of 
Buckeye,  and  C.  Dale  are  owners.  A 
drift  haa  been  run  from  a  lower  level  and 
a  ledge  tapped.   • 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

J.  F.  Reddy  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  has 
bonded  the  interests  of  his  associates  in 
the  Blue  Ledge  and  Sam's  Ledge  copper 
mines  on  Elliott  creek,  consisting  of 
twenty-seven  claima,  for  $150,000. 

Manager  Conolly  of  the  Quartz  Hill 
M.  Co.  has  finished  a  7-mile  ditch  to  Scott 
Bar,  and  is  getting  ready  to  start  hy- 
draulic mining,  with  expectation  of  put- 
ting up  a  new  quartz  mill  in  place  of  the 
10-stamp  mill,  later  on,  for  working  quartz 
veins  of  the  claim,  reports  the  Siskiyou 
News.  The  ditch  Ib  7  feet  by  3  feet,  and 
carries  1200  Inches,  with  a  pressure  of  240 
feet  at  Scott  Bar. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

O.  H.  Bagley  and  E.  W.  Bacon  have  a 
lease  from  the  Brown  Bear  M.  Co.  on  the 
bed  of  Dead  wood  creek,  from  the  China 
tunnel  to  the  Gibson  arrastra,  where  they 
have  built  a  4-foot  flume  with  several  un- 
dercurrenta,  and  are  running  through  the 
tailings  from  the  Brown  Bear  mine,  near 
Deadwood.  A  concentrator  is  being  aet 
up.  The  values  are  in  aulphuretB  and  fine 
gold. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correapondence)  — The  Black 
Oak  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Soulsbyville,  G.  W. 
Campbell  manager,  are  putting  In  two 
4  inch  steam  pumps  to  handle  the  water 
of  the  mine  while  repairs  are  being  made 
to  the  Cornish  pump  system.  New  rods 
are  being  put  in  for  the  Cornish  pump, 
each  piece  of  timber  being  dipped  in  an 
asphaltum-tar  mixture  for  a  preservative. 
The  work  of  replacing  has  progressed 
down  300  feet. 
*  Soulsbyville,  Sept.  23. 

(S  pecial  Correspondence). — Development 
work  is  progressing  at  the  Street  mine, 
near  Tuttletown.  Stroud  &  Kinsman, 
owners,  are  preparing  to  add  another  five 
stamps  to  their  5-stamp  mill;  alao  two 
more  concentrators  and  a  heavier  engine 
and  boiler. 
Tuttletown,  Sept.  24. 
P.  Seller  of  San  Francisco  has  bought 
the  Ajax  mine  and  mill  site,  near  Sonora, 
together  with  all  improvements,  machin- 
ery, water  rights,  etc. 

The  electric  current  waB  turned  off  from 
the  Phoenix  lake  power  plant  on  the  14th 
inst. ,  says  the  Mother  Lode  Magnet.  The 
shutdown  thlB  year  doee  not  include 
any  of  the  minea  on  the  east  belt  or  about 
Tuttletown,  the  Dutch  mine  at  Quartz, 
Jumper  at  Stent,  or  the  Crystalline,  near 
Jamestown.  At  the  Jumper  mine  half 
the  men  were  laid  off  for  a  few  days. 
Operations  will  be  resumed  with  the  aux- 
iliary steam  plant.  The  management  will 
keep  forty  stamps  dropping  steadily  and 
100  men  at  work.  This  is  said  to  be  the 
first  time  that  the  Jumper  mill  and  com- 
pressor have  been  kept  running  during 
the  dry  seaaon.  Forty-two  men  were  laid 
off  at  the  Republican  mine  at  Jackson- 
ville, only  a  few  being  retained.  The 
sixty  stamps  in  the  Harvard  mill  at 
Jameatown  were  hung  up  by  the  giving 
out  of  electric  power.  The  mine  will  work 
a  few  men  during  the  dry  aeason  on  devel- 
opment. The  Shawmut  mine,  near  Chi- 
nese, let  out  200  men,  but  will  keep  sixty 
men  on,  doing  development  work,  making 
repairs  and  running  the  chlorination 
plant.  At  the  Rawhide,  near  James- 
town, twenty  men  are  retained.  The 
Tuolumne  Water  Co.  says  it  has  a  con- 
siderable reserve  supply  of  water  in  two 
reservoirs  and  Phoenix  lake,  sufficient,  It 
la  thought,  to  aupply  patrons  for  battery 
and  other  purpoaea  than  power  for  two 
montha. 

YUBA  COUNTY. 
The  State  Anti- Debris  Aasociation  has 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


208 


refused  to  consent  to  an  application  made 
by  Eastern  men  to  work  the  Blue  Point 
mine,  east  of  Marysville.  The  mine, 
which  is  owned  by  P.  Campbell,  is  closed 
under  an  Injunction.  It  is  desired  to  work 
the  mine  by  a  new  process  and  to  put  In 
additional  machinery,  but  before  doing  so 
a  certain  slide  of  gravel,  amounting  to 
800,000  cubic  yards,  must  be  removed  by 
the  sluice  process,  and  the  petitioners 
sought  toget  the  consent  of  the  associa- 
tion to  its  removal  so  the  parties  remov- 
ing it  would  not  be  in  contempt  of  court. 
The  Campbell  mine  is  above  the  barriers 
being  constructed  by  the  Federal  and 
State  Governments  near  Deguerre  Point, 
on  the  Yuba  river.  The  Anti-Debris  As- 
sociation holds  that  to  wash  down  the 
gravel  would  impair  the  navigability  of 
the  Sacramento  river. 

Near  Rackerby  the  Seabolt  &  Davis 
quartz  mill  was  destroyed  by  fire  last 
week,  the  result  of  a  foreBt  fire  in  that 
section.  The  building  and  machinery  were 
valued  at  $4000  with  no  insurance. 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 
Work  is  again  under  way  at  the  Trojan 
mine  In  Sugar  Loaf  district,  near  Boulder. 
The  mine  Is  said  to  have  two  separate 
veins,  one  bearing  gold,  the  other  silver. 
The  two  veins  are  coincident  at  top,  but 
at  depth  of  60  feet  separate,  and  at  this 
point  two  shafts  are  sunk,  one  on  each 
vein.  These  are  down  200  feet.  J.Cohry, 
of  Denver,  J.  T.  Phillips,  of  Eldora,  and 
J.  Myers,  of  Wall  Street,   own  the  mine. 

A  depth  of  200  feet  has   been  reached 

in  the  shaft  of  the  Fanchon  mine,  near 
Sugar  Loaf,  and  will  go  deeper  and  a 
crosscut  be  run  to  cut  the  Dinero,  Orinoco 
and  Gunnison  veins. 

CHAFFEE  COUNTY. 
C.  E.  Mulloy,  of  the  Ohio-Colorado 
Smelting  Co.,  at  Salida,  says  the  smelter 
is  running  full  force  and  handling  a  large 
tonnage.  The  new  stacks  have  been  com- 
pleted and  the  twelve  additional  roasters 
will  be  finished  by  Oct.  1st. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

A  third  lode  has  been  cut  in  the  Wilcox 
tunnel,  near  Georgetown,  which  is  in  1100 
feet.  Men  have  been  put  to  work  with 
machine  drills  to  drift  on  this  lode.  It 
showed  pyrite  and  galena. 

The  Coming  Nation  mine,  on  Santa  Fe 
mountain,  near  Idaho  Springs,  was  sold 
last  week  to  J.  B.  Papenbrock  of  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio;  W.  H.  Hamilton  of  Terre 
Haute,  Ind.,  and  other  Eastern  men  for 
$25,000.  They  have  incorporated  as  the 
Wire  G.  M.,  M.  &  Cyaniding  Co.,  and  will 
start  development  work  this  month. 

Plans  are  being  drawn  for  a  concen- 
trating plant  for  the  Con.  Gem  M.  Co.,  to 
be  built  near  the  mouth  of  the  Newhouse 
tunnel,  near  Idaho  Springs,  says  Manager 
W.  E.  Renshaw.  The  first  section  of  the 
mill  will  have  a  capacity  of  800  tons  daily. 
In  connection  with  the  concentrating 
plant  a  cyanide  process  is  to  be  used. 
The  second  section,  to  be  built  later,  will 
be  of  500-ton  capacity.  The  Con.  Gem  M. 
Co.  controls  a  number  of  the  principal 
veins  cut  by  the  Newhouse  tunnel,  includ- 
ing the  Gem,  Freighters'  Friend,  Silver 
Edge,  Franklin,  et  al.  Drifts  are  being 
run  from  the  Newhouse  tunnel.  Low 
grade  ore  body  is  as  wide  as  50  feet.  The 
first  raise  is  being  run  to  connect  with 
the  Gem  shaft.  Four  additional  raises 
will  be  driven  to  connect  with  other  shafts 
of  the  property. 

EL  PASO   COUNTY. 

The  strike  of  the  coal  miners  at  the 
Danville  and  Pike  View  coal  mines,  north 
of  Colorado  Springs,  has  been  Bettled  by 
a  compromise  and  the  men  have  returned 
to  work.  One  hundred  and  fifteen  men 
were  affected. 

GILPIN   COUNTY. 

Sinking  operations  have  begun  at  the 
Gomer  mine,  near  Russell  gulch,  under 
lease  and  bond  to  Tanner,  Carlson,  Ander- 
son and  King,  of  Idaho  Springs.  The 
shaft  waB  100  feet  deep  and  they  intend  to 
go  at  least, 100  feet  deeper,  and  later  put 
in  a  heavier  plant  ot  machinery.  C.  A. 
King,  of  Idaho  Springs,  is  superintendent. 

Sinking  operations  have  been  suspended 
at  the  Shafts  Extension  or  True  Democ- 
racy shaft  on  King  fiatB,  near  Central 
City,  at  depth  of  600  feet,  and  drlftB  are  be- 
ing run.  Lead  and  copper-iron  ore  is  show- 
ing. On  the  west  side  of  shaft,  besides 
drifting,  a  crosscut  is  being  run  north.  E. 
O.  Wolcott  and  D.  Sullivan,  of  Denver, 
with  Bolsinger  Bros.,  of  Nevadaville,  are 
interested. 

It  is  reported  the  Mutual  Benefit  G.  M. 
Co.,  operating  the  Pleasant  View  mine, 
on  Gunnell  hill,  near  Central  City,  pro- 
pose to  build  a  concentrating  mill  at  the 
property  this  fall,  says   Manager  Remer. 

The  Onoko  G.  M.  Co  Is  putting  in  a 
steam  plant  for  its  Phillips  mine  in  Leav- 
enworth gulch,  near  Black  Hawk.  It  in- 
cludes a  10x12  double  friction  hoist,  capa- 
ble of  hoiating  from  depth  of  1000  feet, 


and  a  60  H.  P.  boiler.  The  company  Is 
shipping  smelting  ore  to  the  Denver 
smelters  and  concentrating  ore  to  Idaho 
Springs.  The  oreB  are  coming  from  the 
120-foot  level.  They  will  sink  the  shaft 
from  the  220-foot  point  to  500  feet. 
GUNNISON    COUNTY. 

The  Waunlta  Mutual  G.  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  by  F.  E.  Sargent,  of 
Idaho  Springs,  and  H.  F.  &  E.  S.  Alnutt, 
of  Pueblo,  to  operate  the  Peg  Leg  group 
of  three  claims,  1  mile  Bouth  of  Bowerman. 
Development  work  has  begun.  An  8-foot 
vein  has  been  opened  and  shows  values  in 
gold. 

LAKE    COUNTY. 

The  Twin  Lakes  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Lead- 
ville,  last  week  sold  several  of  its  claimB 
to  the  International  Investment  Co.  for 
$60,000,  Including  the  Spokane,  Victor, 
Oro  Cache,  Wedge,  Mountain  Maid, 
Golden  Eagle,  Mammoth,  Homestake  and 
others. 

Operations  have  been  resumed  in  the 
South  Winnie  mine  by  Long,  Callen,  Mc- 
Arthur  et  al.  of  Leadvllle,  and  several 
other  parties  have  taken  a  lease  on  the 
north  end  of  the  Fanny  Rawlings,  and  are 
cleaning  out  the  old  workings. 

The  A.  Y.  &  Minnie  mine  at  Leadvllle 
is  making  shipment  at  rate  of  2000  tons  a 
month  of  ore.  Heretofore  the  mine  has  been 
operating  almost  exclusively  on  milling 
ore,  but  some  lead  sulphide  is  being  opened 
up  which,  it  is  claimed,  can  be  handled  at 
profit  without  running  through  the  mill. 
LARIMER    COUNTY. 

The  president  of  the  Mount  ZIrkel  C. 
M.  Co.,  operating  the  Mount  Zirkel  mine, 
at  Pearl,  says  they  will  build  a  concentra- 
tor this  fall  and  that  slime  tables  will  form 
an  important  part  of  the  equipment. 
MINERAL  COUNTY. 

Another  Chilian  mill  for  the  Hum- 
phreys concentrating  mill  at  Creede  is  be- 
ing set  up.  Work  has  begun  on  the 
ground  for  the  erection  of  the  steam 
power  plant  and  Is  expected  to  be  finisned 
by  Nov.  1.  With  this  addition  of  power 
the  mill  will  be  run  at  full  capacity,  as 
only  half  the  jigs  and  tables  in  the  mill 
are  being  used  at  present,  owing  to  lack 
of  power,  the  water  having  decreased. 
PUEBLO  COUNTY. 

The  coal  land  contest  between  the  Gov- 
ernment and  the  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron  Co. 
that  has  occupied  the  attention  of  the 
Public  Land  Office  and  the  Washington 
authorities  for  the  last  four  months,  has 
been  settled  by  a  compromise.  The  steel 
company  will  pay  $20  per  acre,  the  price 
asked  for  the  coal  land,  Instead  of  $2.50, 
paid  for  timber  and  stone  land  claims.  It 
is  understood  the  Colorado  F.  &  I.  Co.  will 
pay  about  $500,000.  The  Victor  Fuel  Co. 
has  also  settled  with  the  Government  on 
same  basis  on  a  number  of  coal  land  claims 
taken  up  under  the  Timber  and  Stone 
Act. 

The  annual  convention  of  district  No. 
15,  United  Mine  Workers  of  America, 
which  includes  Colorado,  Wyoming,  Utah 
and  New  Mexico,  Is  in  session  at  Pueblo. 
The  miners  are  asking  a  higher  wage 
scale,  an  eight-hour  day,  no  discrimin- 
ation against  members  of  the  United  Mine 
Workers,  a  bi-weekly  pay  day  and 
changes  In  the  Bystem  of  weighing.  The 
sentiment  of  the  delegates  seems  to  be  in 
favor  of  a  peaceful  settlement  if  possible. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 

Work  on  the  tunnel  to  drain  the  prop- 
erties of  the  Frisco  M.  Co.  and  the  San 
Juan  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.  at  Mineral  Point, 
near  Silverton,  is  progressing,  says  N.  R. 
Bagley,  manager.  It  will  cut  six  claims  of 
the  Red  Cloud  M.  Co.  at  600  feet  depth. 
A  shaft  will  be  sunk  to  connect  with  the 
tunnel  at  the  junction  of  the  Cashier  and 
Yankton  veins.  This  development  work 
Is  expected  to  be  completed  next 
spring,  when  other  development  on  the 
veins  and  the  building  of  a  concentrating 
plant  will  be  started. 

A  cross-compound  eight-drill  air  com- 
pressor with  drills  has  been  put  In  at  the 
BarBtow  mine  at  Red  Mountain,  near  Sil- 
verton, says  the  Standard. 

SAN  MIGUEL    COUNTY. 

The  Smuggler-Union  M.  Co.  has  bought 
the  two  Foster  lode  mining  claims  in 
Bridal  Veil  baBln,  near  Tellurlde,  for  $300. 
A  few  men  will  be  put  on  assessment 
work. 

The  Tellurlde  M.  Co.,  operating  claims 
in  Prospect  Creek  basin,  south  of  Tellu- 
rlde, has  bought  a  three-quarters  interest 
In  a  group  of  seven  mining  claims,  and 
have  put  men  to  work  on  development. 
In  the  spring  a  small  reduction  plant  will 
be  built. 

Superintendent  J.  P.  St.  Claire  says  he 
will  have  the  retention  dam  being  con- 
structed for  the  Tomboy,  Smuggler-Union 
and  Liberty  Bell  mining  companies,  near 
Telluride,  to  retain  tailings  from  the  mills 
and  reduction  plants  of  the  quartz  mining 
companies,  and  preventing  the  waste  sand 
from  running  down  the  river  and  Into  the 
flume  and  pipe  llneB  of  the  Keystone  Hy- 


draulic Co.,  finished  this  week.  The 
valves  for  flushing  the  tailings  out  in  the 
spring  during  high-water  season  have 
been  set. 

J.  H.  Litchfield,  manager  of  the  Double 
Eagle  M.  Co.,  is  preparing  to  build  a  small 
milling  plant  at  his  property  In  Bridal 
Veil  basin,  near  Telluride,  and  expects  to 
have  it  in  operation  by  Oct.  15.  The  prin- 
cipal gold  values  will  be  saved  by  amalga- 
mation and  Iron  and  silver  by  concentra- 
tion. 

The  Valley  View  group  of  five  claims,  a 
tramway,  10-stamp  mill  and  millslte,  near 
Telluride,  have  been  sold  to  the  Japan- 
Flora  M.  &  T.  Co.  The  group  is  across 
the  gulch  from  the  buildings  at  the  Bullion 
tunnel  and  1  mile  from  the  Japan  tunnel. 
No  work  is  being  done  at  present,  but  it  is 
said  as  Boon  as  the  existing  labor  troubles 
have  been  settled  men  will  be  put  on  and 
extraction  and  treatment  of  ore  begun. 

Manager  H.  Buckley  of  the  Silver  Bell 
mine  at  Ophir  has  granted  his  mill  men 
an  eight-hour  day  and  three  shifts  have 
been  put  on.  Manager  Davidson  of  the 
Caribou  -  Montezuma  also  granted  an 
eight-hour  day.  This  practically  settles 
the  labor  troubles  in  Ophir,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  Butterfly-Terrible  mine, 
whose  manager,  J.  S.  Keating,  refused  to 
treat  with  the  union. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

A  notice  has  been  posted  in  every  mine 
owned  by  members  of  the  Mine  Owners' 
Association  in  Cripple  Creek  district 
which  says  that  no  member  of  the  West- 
ern Federation  of  Miners  need  apply  for 
work.  The  Anchoria-Leland  resumed 
last  week,  as  also  the  Stratton's  Inde- 
pendence at  Victor,  the  military  guard 
lines  being  extended  to  take  in  the  Inde- 
pendence. The  men  not  needed  at  the 
Golden  Cycle  were  put  on  at  the  Inde- 
pendence. A  number  of  men  from  Du- 
luth, Minn.,  were  put  to  work.  The  situ- 
ation, in  general,  Is  quiet  and  the  number 
of  men  at  work  is  increasing. 

The  Cripple  Creek  drainage  tunnel,  by 
measurement  made  on  the  18th  inst.,  was 
throwing  into  Cripple  Creek  2083  gallons 
of  water  per  minute.  Nearly  all  of  the 
mines  In  the  north  end  of  the  camp  have 
felt  the  result  of  the  pulling  of  the  bulk- 
heads. There  has  been  a  noticeable  low- 
ering of  the  water,  particularly  In  the 
Elkton  mine. 

IDAHO. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

The  shaft  on  the  Mammoth  quartz 
claim  on  Summit  Flat,  near  Idaho  City, 
has  been  unwatered.  The  shaft  is  300 
feet  deep.  W.  A.  Magee  owns  the  Mam- 
moth and  the  Jupiter,  the  latter  being  an 
extension  of  the  Mammoth. 

The  Hopkins  >ummit  Flat  placer  mines 
of  610  acres  in  Boise  Basin,  near  Idaho 
City,  have  been  Bold  to  J.  B.  Adams  for 
$50,000.     Adams  will  start  next  month. 

J.  H.  Berkshire  of  Winona,  Mo.,  part 
owner  of  the  J.  I.  C.  M.  Co.  at  Pearl, 
says  they  will  put  In  an  electric  hoist,  with 
an  electric  drill  equipment,  and  will  sink 
the  shaft  Beveral  hundred  feet.  The  ver- 
tical shaft  is  down  125  feet,  with  two  tun- 
nels started  from  the  bottom  to  tap  the 
veins  on  either  side,  which  are  200  feet 
apart.  Both  carry  values  at  the  surface. 
Later  a  mill  will  be  built.  J.  C.  Johnson 
of  Pearl  is  president, and  manager. 

The  Quarles  coal  mine  at  Horseshoe 
Bend,  3  miles  from  Pearl,  is  being  oper- 
ated. The  coal  sellB  for  $3  at  the  mine 
and  for  $6  in  Emmett,  a  distance  of  12 
miles,  and  for  the  same  price  at  Pearl. 
The  development  consists  of  a  tunnel  In 
70  feet  on  a  4-foot  vein. 

BLAINE    COUNTY. 

The  Golden  Rule  M.  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized to  work  a  group  near  Hailey,  un- 
der the  management  of  S.  B.  Gieske. 
IDAHO  COUNTY. 

W.  YearBley  and  E.  L.  De  Camp  of  Col- 
fax, Wash.,  have  put  men  to  work  on 
their  placer  holdings  on  Slate  creek,  near 
Salmon  river,  in  Florence  district. 

The  Dewey  mill  at  Roosevelt,  In  Thun- 
der Mountain  district,  is  In  full  operation. 
LATAH  COUNTY. 

A.  Hutsenteller  reports  locating  mica 
deposits  of  commercial  value  near  Mos- 
cow, and  he  and  S.  Rodgers  of  LewiBton 
will  develop  them. 

SHOSHONE  COUNTY. 

The  Eagle  Creek  Placer  M.  Co.  has  put 
In  Its  hydraulic  elevator  at  the  mouth  of 
Fancy  gulch,  near  Murray.  Seventeen 
hundred  feet  of  22-inch  steel  pipe  was  laid 
from  the  flume  to  the  elevator  site,  and  it 
is  expected  there  will  be  ample  power  to 
sink  35  feet,  If  necessary  to  find  bedrock. 
The  flume  is  4  miles  in  length. 

T.  Brown  has  leased  the  Bobby  Ander- 
son silver-lead  mine,  near  Wallace.  Ore 
has  been  opened  up  and  preparations  are 
being  made  for  shipping.  The  Nabob 
silver-lead  mine  on  Pine  creek  has  also 
been  leased. 

In  the  2400-foot  crosscut  tunnel  being 
driven  on  the  Hercules  mine  at  Burke,  16 


feet  of  galena-bearing  ore  is  reported  cut 
last  week.  This  tunnel  gives  a  depth  of 
1000  feet  on  the  vein. 

E.  Hunter  and  W.  M.  Howland  of  Mos- 
cow report  finding  high-grade  silver-lead 
ore  on  the  north  fork  of  the  St.  Joe  river, 
30  miles  south  of  Wallace,  10  miles  from 
the  St.  Joe  river  and  50  miles  from  the 
State  wagon  road.  A  10-foot  prospect 
hole  showed  the  vein  22  Inches  wide. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

The  mineral  bins  of  the  new  South 
Range  smelter  of  the  Copper  Range  Con. 
Co.,  near  Houghton,  will  contain  flues 
for  gases  from  the  furnaces  to  dry  the 
mineral  as  it  comes  from  the  mills,  says 
the  News. 

The  Qulncy  group,  at  Hancock,  is  re- 
ported showing  good  copper  ground  on 
the  twenty- fifth  level  on  the  Mesnard  and 
near  the  Franklin  mine  line. 

KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  third  head  for  the  Mohawk  mill, 
near  Allouez,  is  on  the  ground  and  is  ex- 
pected to  be  in  operation  by  Dec.  1st.  The 
No.  4  steel  rock  house  Is  ready  for  sheath- 
ing. When  No.  4  Bhaft  reaches  the  sev- 
enth level  sinking  will  be  suspended  until 
the  rock  house  is  completed.  The  Mo- 
hawk territory  reached  through  No.  4 
shaft  has  been  opened  up.  The  vein  of 
mohawkite  which  produced  values  of  $140 
per  ton  on  the  upper  levels  has  been  cut 
at  the  seventh  level  north  of  No.  1  drift. 
It  is  said  to  be  without  value  where  cut 
last. 

The  mill  of  the  Phoenix  Con.  C.  Co., 
near  Phoenix,  la  reported  put  in  operation 
last  week.  The  Phoenix  has  been  an  in- 
termittent factor  at  the  lake  since  the 
Phoenix  mine  proper  was  opened  in  1844. 
The  mineral  territory  comprises  2505 
acres,  being  the  Phoenix,  St.  Clair  and 
Garden  City  mines,  and  also  eighty  acres 
of  the  Atlas  tract.  The  new  mill  Is  on 
Eagle  river,  two  miles  north  of  the  mine. 
There  i8  one  stamp,  twenty-four  jigs  and 
twelve  concentrators.  The  building  is  of 
wood  and  the  capacity  will  be  300  tons  of 
rock  daily.  The  property  has  produced 
copper,  mostly  In  the  shape  of  mass,  and 
at  one  time  a  mass  weighing  500  tons  was 
taken  out.  Five  fissure  veins  have  been 
opened  up. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 

At  the  Adventure  mine,  at  Greenland, 
plans  are  being  made  for  a  test  of  the  min- 
eral deposits  at  greater  depth. 

The  Michigan  mine,  at  Rockland,  will 
become  a  producer  with  one  head  of 
stamps  at  the  Mass  mill  as  soon  as  the  ex- 
tension of  the  Ontonagon  Co.'s  branch  of 
the  Mineral  Range  Railroad  is  completed, 
which  will  be  next  month.  The  rock 
house  Is  completed.  A  forty-five-drill 
compreaaor  will  be  put  In  this  fall. 

MINNESOTA 

SAINT  LOUIS  COUNTY. 
An  Important  find  of  Iron  ore  is  re- 
ported made  on  the  Mesaba  range,  east  of 
Biwablk,  on  lands  owned  by  the  Longyear 
Mesaba  Land  Co.,  of  which  J.  M.  Long- 
year  of  Marquette,  Mich.,  is  president. 
The  find  ia  aouth  of  the  Miller  mine.  The 
limits  of  the  ore  deposit  have  not  yet  been 
located.  The  find  is  south  of  the  ore 
formation  as  indicated  on  former  geologi- 
cal maps  and  was  made  by  Eaton  Bros,  of 
Duluth  and  Meaaba  range  men.  They  also 
discovered  the  Miller  mine,  which  has 
been  leased  by  the  La  Belle  Iron  Co.  of 
Steubenville,  Ohio. 

MISSOURI. 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

At  Webb  City  the  pump  put  in  by  the 
Missouri  Zinc  Fields  Co.  has  drained  the 
ground  so  that  the  Duluth  M.  Co.  ia  able 
to  get  Into  Ita  ground,  and  It  Is  being 
opened  up.  Their  mill  is  running.  The 
Slaight  mill,  which  has  been  used  as  a  cus- 
tom mill,  will  start  work  in  the  ground; 
also  the  Carmean  and  Canada's  Jewel  C 
mine  will  resume.  The  Missouri  Zinc 
Fields  Co.  expects  to  have  deep  mining 
under  way  on  the  entire  lease  next  month. 

C.  D.  Pratt,  manager  of  the  Merit  M. 
Co.,  says  they  are  working  the  Sterling 
and  other  tractB  at  Tuckahoe.  On  the 
Sterling  tract  the  ground  was  cut  up  con- 
siderably by  former  operations  to  depth 
of  160  feet,  but  there  is  still  ground  left 
untouched  said  to  carry  ore.  The  ground 
Is  soft,  requirlLg  much  timbering.  Be- 
cause of  cost  of  timbering,  Pratt  decided 
to  take  up  the  entire  ground  from  the 
surface  down  past  the  ore  level,  or  160 
feet.  The  ground  to  be  worked  Ilea  be- 
tween two  hllla,  and  at  the  head  of  the 
draw  a  mill  haB  been  built  with  a  aelf- 
feeding  hopper,  and  the  ground  will  be 
shot  down  and  elevated  to  the  mill. 
Everything  will  be  taken  In  aa  It  comes, 
even  the  old  dumps,  and  sent  to  the  mill. 
STONE  COUNTY. 

S.  R.  Ping  has  unwatered  the  Wyan- 
dotte ground,  near  Galena,  and  is  taking 


209 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26,  1903. 


out  ore.  He  says  he  expects  to  lease  out 
all  the  shafts  at  a  royalty. 

The  American  Z.  M.  Co  is  opening  up  a 
prospect  on  its  lease  north  of  the  Sweet 
Marie  ground  at  Galena.  W.  L.  and  C. 
Cox,  A.  Brookings,  A.  L.  Patton  and 
T.  Warden  are  interested. 

MONTANA. 

BROADWATER  COUNTY. 

The    Stray    Horse    concentrator,    near 
Winston,  began  operations  last  week. 
LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 

A  100-stamp  mill  will  be  built  on  the 
Jay  Gould  group,  near  Marysvllle,  says 
the  Basin  Progress.  There  is  a  cyanide 
plant  already  on  the  property. 

The  Standard  Ore  Co.  of  Helena  has 
operations  under  way  on  the  Jay  Gould 
mine,  near  Marysville,  which  the  com- 
pany has  bonded.  President  Cory  says 
the  values  are  principally  in  gold  and  sil- 
ver, and  the  average  shipments  made 
from  the  old  workings  went  $40  per  ton. 
A  100-ton  mill  will  be  built,  a  cyanide 
plant  being  already  there  Work  will  be 
carried  on  in  the  drift  on  the  300  foot 
level,  which  is  in  1500  feet,  all  in  ore,  and 
stoping  will  be  done  above  this  level. 
MADISON  COUNTY. 

The  foundations  for  the  Oregon  mill 
near  Pony  are  in  place,  the  mortars  set, 
and  the  machinery  on  the  ground.  Su- 
perintendent Weidman  expects  to  have 
the  mill  in  operation  by  Oct.  I5.h. 

Manager  W.  B  Millard  of  the  Kear- 
sarge  group  of  claims  at  Summit,  near 
Virginia  City,  says  he  will  move  the  Ken- 
nett  60  -  stamp  mill  to  Summit.  The 
equipment  includes  amalgamation,  con- 
centration and  cyaniding.  The  develop- 
ment of  the  mine  will  be  increased.  A 
hoisting  plant  will  be  put  in  at  the  shaft, 
which  will  be  sunk  to  depth  of  600  feet,  or 
250  feet  below  the  present  workings.  A 
tunnel  will  be  driven  in  on  one  of  the 
claims  north  of  the  Kearsarge  and  on  the 
east  side  of  Alder  gulch.  It  is  expected 
this  tunnel  will  be  driven  in  1000  feet  and 
will  crosscut  several  veins.  It  is  expected 
to  have  200  men  on  the  payroll.  R.  B. 
Turner  is  superintendent.  The  office  will 
be  moved  from  Virginia  City  to  Summit. 
SILVER  BOW  COUNTY. 

The  mines  owned  by  the  Amalgamated 
Copper  Co.,  that  have  been  closed  while 
the  smokestack  at  the  Washoe  smelter  at 
Anaconda  was  being  connected  with  the 
plant,  are  again  in  operation.  .These  in- 
clude the  Mountain  Con.,  High  Ore,  Par- 
rot, Anaconda,  Moonlight,  Never  Sweat, 
Bell,  St   Lawrence  and  Diamond. 

Butte  reports  say  the  High  Ore  mine  of 
the  Anaconda  group  of  copper  mines  has 
resumed  operations.  As  fast  as  the  men 
can  be  summoned  the  other  eight  proper- 
ties of  the  Anaconda  group  will  be  put  in 
operat'on.  The  m'nes  employ  3000  men 
and  have  been  closed  since  July  1st,  pend- 
ing alterations  being  made  in  the  Washoe 
smelters  at  Anaconda.  All  the  mines  are 
expected  to  be  in  full  operation  this  week. 

NEVADA 

ESMJSKALDA  COUNTY. 

R.  K.  Colcord  and  J.  Yerington  of  Car- 
son report  work  progressing  in  laying  the 
pipe  for  the  mill  at  Pamlico,  near  Haw- 
thorne. The  pipe  line  is  within  3  miles  of 
the  mill  site,  and  machinery  for  the  mill 
is  being  hauled  in 

W.  R.  Smith,  part  owner  of  the  Copper 
Contact  group,  near  Sodaville,  reports  a 
breast  of  ore  14  feet  high  exposed  in  the 
open  cut  and  three  teams  are  delivering 
ore  at  the  railway. 

EUREKA  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — There  is  con- 
siderable ore  in  the  Eureka  district,  as- 
saying from  $3  to  $15,  and  a  method  is 
being  sought  by  which  it  may  be  concen- 
trated. The  metallic  values  run  about 
10%  lead,  $2  gold,  8  to  10  ounces  silver, 
5%  iron,  with  a  limestone  and  quartzlte 
gangue  The  discovery  of  a  process  for 
saving  these  values  by  concentration  or 
reduction  will  mean  much  to  Eureka. 

Assays  of  the  dump  at  the  Geddes  & 
Bertram  mine  in  Secret  canyon  give  re- 
turns of  $1  65  in  gold,  $2  66  silver  and  a 
small  percentage  of  antimonate  of  lead. 
This  dump  contains  40,000  tons.  It  can 
be  cyanided. The  break  in  the  three- 
compartment  shaft  of  the  Jackson  mine, 
Eureka  district,    has  been   repaired   and 

ore  shipments  resumed. The  Keystone 

mine,  north  of  Eureka,  is  putting  on  more 
men  and  running  a  tunnel.  C.  Brcessmer 
says  he  has  opened  up  ore  in  Mb  claims, 
north  of  Eureka,  showing  8%  copper,  18 

ounces  silver,  13%  lead,  $2  50  gold. The 

Silver  Connor  mine  has  blocked  out  a 
good  body  of  ore,  and  assays  give  an  aver- 
age of  $6.53.  It  is  expected  to  strike  good 
ore  below  the  450-foot  level  of  the  Silver 
Connor,  and  below  the  present  workings 
of  the  McNaughton,  adjoining.  The  Sil- 
ver Connor  is  idle  at  present.  Assessor's 
records  of  smelter  returns,  Eureka  dis- 
trict, show  a  production  of  $160,000,000  in 


bullion  to   date. Ore   shipments   from 

the  Barton  &  Altoona  mine,  on  Adams 
hill,  give  7.3%  lead,  18  ounces  silver  and 
2  ounces   gold;  also   76  6%  silica  and  5% 

iron. Ore  shipments  from  the  Oro,   on 

Adams  hill,  show  46  5  ounces  silver,  2  6% 
lead,  1.65  ounces  gold. 

Eureka,  Sept.  23. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

G.  P.  Smith,  manager  of  the  Newport 
&  Nevada  M.  Co.,  operating  the  Horse- 
shoe, Ross  and  Buck  claims  at  Pay,  says 
he  expects  the  mill  to  be  in  operation  by 
October  1st.  It  will  handle  160  tons  of 
ore  per  day.  In  addition  to  this  it  is  in- 
tended to  run  the  tailings  from  the  old 
Horseshoe  mill  through  the  leaching 
tanks. 

LYON  COUNTY. 

The  Jackson-Phillips  mill  in  Silver 
City,  which  has  been  idle  for  some  time, 
will  resume  crushing  and  reducing  ore 
next  week.  The  Pollard  mill  is  crushing 
Silver  Hill  ore.  With  the  starting  of  the 
Rock  Point  mill  at  Dayton  and  the  smaller 
mills  and  cyanide  plants  that  are  in  oper- 
ation prospects  are  improving. 
NYE  COUNTY. 

The  diamond  drill  at  work  at  the  bot- 
tom of  the  700-foot  shaft  of  the  Mizpah 
mine  at  Tonopah  is  down  500  feet,  and  the 
core  is  said  to  show  a  lode  porphyry  simi- 
lar to  that  found  in  the  upper  levels  of  the 
mine.  No  water  has  yet  been  struck. 
The  west  drift  from  the  500- foot  station 
in  the  Mizpah  has  passed  100  feet  beyond 
the  east  end  line  of  the  Buckboard,  and 
the  ore  coming  out  is  sacked  for  ship- 
ment. The  ledge  is  said  to  be  following  a 
direct  westerly  course  and  cuts  through 
the  center  of  the  Buckboard. 

W.  M.  C.  Jones  of  Riverside,  Cal.,  has 
bought  a  group  of  six  claims  1 J  mile  from 
Ray,  near  Tonopah,  and  organized  the 
P.  E.  A.  M.  Co.  to  develop  it.  On  two  of 
the  claims  four  ledges  have  been  traced 
which  show  assayB  of  copper,  silver  and 
gold. 

The  King  Baldwin  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Spokane,  Wash.,  by  W.  C. 
Miller,  E.  J.  Roberts  and  W.  J.  Hall  of 
Spokane,  and  J.  King  and  C.  A.  Baldwin 
of  Tonopah.  The  company  is  opening  up 
a  group  of  claims  at  Cloverdale,  near 
Tonopah,  with  W.  C.  Miller  as  superin- 
tendent. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

Manager  A.  Onn  has  begun  operations 
at  the  No.  2  mine  at  Olinghouse,  prospect- 
ing the  surface  to  the  north  of  the  shaft 
and  near  the  end  line  of  the  Williams 
property. 

The  Jumper  mine  at  Ohnghou9e,  near 
Wadsworth,  will  be  worked  by  Jelinek  & 
Jackson. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 

The  Bull  Hill  gold  mine  (the  American 
Flag),  in  Gold  Canyon  mining  district,  3 
miles  from  Cherry  creek,  has  been  bonded 
for  $20,000  to  J.  Sharpe  and  G.  E.  Mc- 
Murray,  of  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  says  the 
Cherry  Creek  Miner. 

The  5-stamp  mill  of  the  Wide  West  M. 
Co.,  of  BoBton,  Mass.,  in  Egan  canyon,  2 
miles  south  of  Cherry  Creek,  is  in  opera- 
tion, says  Superintendent  Leishman. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

At  Gold  Gulch  camp,  near  Silver  City, 
H.  Moses  and  M.  V.  Portwood  have 
bought  a  two-thirds  interest  in  the  Owl 
claim  and  are  sinking  a  shaft  on  the  south 
end.  This  shaft  is  started  15  feet  above 
the  other  shafts  and  is  down  45  feet,  hav- 
ing struck  the  zincblende  body  which  is 
Baid  to  carry  the  gold.  The  Sanders  one- 
third  interest  in  the  Owl  has  been  sold  to 
J.  Robertson  of  Easton,  Texas,  and  W. 
Craig  of  Lone  Mountain  for  $5000.  San- 
ders retains  his  interest  with  Cornell  in 
the  Pactolus.  A  boiler  and  pumping  plant 
is  on  the  ground. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

The  pump  at  the  pumping  station  of 
the  Hlllsboro  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  at  Hllls- 
boro,  has  been  repaired  and  water  1b  be- 
ing forced  over  the  hill  to  the  company's 
mill  in  Ready  Pay  gulch,  says  the  New 
Mexican. 

J.  Gardner  is  developing  the  Bertha 
mine  at  Hillsboro  and  is  running  two 
crosscuts  to  tap  the  vein.  The  Bertha  is 
between  the  Empire  and  Garfield  mines. 

Machinery  for  the  South  Percha  mill, 

near  Hillsboro,  is  on  the  ground. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Operations 
are  progressing  at  the  Gold  Pan  mine,  44 
miles  southeast  of  Sumpter.  They  have 
a  vein  of  ore,  6  to  10  feet  between  walls, 
averaging  $6  gold  per  ton.  The  hoisting 
plant  is  run  by  a  25  H.  P.  gasoline  engine, 
and  costs  $1  10  per  day  for  gasoline.  This 
does  all  of  the  hoisting,  as  well  as  running 
an  8-inch  Cornish  pump, 

Sumpter,  Sept.  22. 

Work  was   resumed   last   week   at   the 


Maid  of  Erin  mine,  near  Sumpter,  says 
Manager  C.  P.  Bowers.  The  10-stamp  mill 
is  working  on  an  ore  reserve  of  2000  tons 
and  development  work  will  be  increased. 
The  ore  averages  $6  a  ton.  Water  power  is 
used. 

Superintendent  Smith  says  work  has 
begun  on  the  10-stamp  mill  for  the  Snow 
Creek  mine,  near  Whitney. 

Operations  will  be  increased  on  the 
Potosi,  Golden  Gate  and  Orphan  Boy 
mines  of  the  United  Exploration  &  G.  M. 
Co.,  near  Sumpter,  says  Manager  W.  E. 
Hurd.  Driving  of  tunnels  will  be  con- 
tinued on  the  latter  two,  which  are  in 
Granite  and  Red  Boy  districts,  respect- 
ively. At  the  Potosi  they  will  sink,  for 
which  a  hoist  and  pumps  are  going  in. 

The  Fortune  M.  &  M.  Co.,  of  Spokane, 
G.  W.  Daines  president,  has  bought  for 
$20,000  cash  the  Red  Lion  group,  near 
Greenhorn  City,  and  which  adjoins  the 
Morning  mine.  The  company  also  owns 
the  Humboldt  group  in  same  section,  and 
the  other  company,  of  which  Daines  Is 
also  manager,  owns  and  is  operating  the 
Belcher  mine.  They  also  control  the 
Forty-Nine  Jimmy  mine.  The  Red  Lion 
group  is  composed  of  two  claims  and  a 
mlllslte,  3  miles  from  Greenhorn  City. 
The  property  has  been  developed  by  open 
cuts  on  the  Red  Lion.  Ore  milled  from 
this  cut  assayed  $15  There  is  a  tunnel 
169  feet  long,  with  crosscuts  showing  ore 
with  average  of  $8  per  ton  in  gold. 

The  smelter  at  Oswego  has  been  sold  to 
the  Ladd  MetalB  Co ,  of  Portland,  and 
will  be  used  as  a  refinery.  Men  are  at 
work  placing  a  small  furnace  in  position. 
Ore  from  the  Bohemia  district,  Douglas 
county,  has  been  contracted  for  and  a 
shipment  is  being  prepared.  The  Ladd 
Metals  Co.  is  preparing  to  operate  its 
mine  in  Washington  county,  Idaho,  from 
which  will  be  shipped  "pig  copper."  A 
smelter  ia  being  built.  It  is  not  the 
intention  of  the  company  to  run  the 
Oswego  plant  as  a  smelter,  but  only  use  it 
in  testing.  When  this  has  been  com- 
pleted the  plant  may  be  converted  into  a 
refinery. 

CROOK  COUNTY. 

J.  W.  Robinson  of  Ashwood  says  the 
Oregon  King  mine,  on  Trout  creek,  near 

Ashwood,  is  being  reopened. The  Red 

Jacket  mine  is  being  developed  and  ore  is 
showing  at  a  depth  of  170  feet.   It  is  owned 

by  North    Yamhill   men. The   White 

Butte  is  sinking  a  new  shaft,  having  aban- 
doned the  old   workings. The  Oregon 

Queen  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.,  composed  of  local 
men,  is  developing. 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

Manager  J.  F.  Hard  says  he  is  prepar- 
ing to  build  a  sawmill  of  7000  feet  daily 
capacity  on  the  Vesuvius  claim,  near 
Bohemia,  to  cut  lumber  for  use  on  Hard's 
mining  properties  in  Bohemia  district. 

The  flume  and  dam  of  the  Oregon  Se- 
curities Co.,  near  Bohemia,  are  completed 
and  the  power  house  under  way.  The 
Champion  Tunnel  is  going  ahead,  but  all 
the  work  done  thus  far  has  been  by  hand. 
Coal  is  being  hauled  to  the  mine  and  the 
compresBors  will  start  next  week.  It  Is 
expected  to  have  the  mine  and  mill  run- 
ning to  full  capacity  by  Nov.  1st.  Work 
is  progressing  on  the  Vesuvius  and  Ore- 
gon-Colorado mines. 

GRANT   COUNTY. 

Manager  J.  W.  Messner  of  the  Prairie 
Diggings  mine,  in  John  Day  valley,  near 
Prairie  City,  expects  to  have  his  sinking 
plant  in  operation  next  week.  The  mill  is 
operated  by  water  power  and  a  steam 
plant  has  been  set  up  for  the  hoist,  which 
has  a  capacity  of  600  feet  depth.  The 
shaft  was  sunk  80  feet  by  hand,  but,  on 
account  of  the  water,  a  centrifugal  pump 
operated  by  steam  is  being  put  in.  Levels 
will  be  established  at  100  and  200  feet. 
JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

The  Dowell  mines,  on  Mount  Baldy,  3 
miles  east  of  Grant's  Pass,  have  been 
bought  by  the  Comstock  G.  M.  Co.  of 
Danville,  111.  The  Dowell  mines  consist 
of  three  quartz  claims,  the  Golden  Eagle, 
Mountain  Eagle  and  Gray  Eagle,  and  are 
partially  developed.  At  one  time  a  mill 
was  operated  on  the  claims. 

The  Gold  King  mine,  on  Josephine 
creek,  near  Grant's  Pass,  has  been  bought 
by  the  Gold  King  M.  Co.,  comprised  of 
Texas  men  who  have  held  It  under  bond. 
M.  Marks  of  Seattle,  Wash.,  is  superin- 
tendent. The  shaft  that  Is  being  sunk 
shows  a  vein  6  feet  wide,  and  carrying 
average  values  of  $16  a  ton  in  gold. 

C.  L.  Mangum  Is  developing  a  group  of 
fourteen  copper  claims  near  Waldo.  The 
claims  are  between  the  Cowboy  and 
Waldo  mines  of  the  Waldo  S.  &  M.  Co. 
The  ledges  are  from  4  to  25  feet  in  width. 

TheChamplin  M.  Co.,  composed  of  Mon- 
tana and  Chicago,  111 ,  men,  who  will 
dredge  Foots  creek,  a  few  miles  south  of 
Grant's  PaBB,  report  preliminary  work  un- 
der way.  Shipments  of  lumber  are  arriv- 
ing, both  for  the  construction  of  the 
dredger  and  for  the  dam  that  is  being 
built  across  the  creek  near  Its  junction 
with  Rogue  river. 


MALHEUR  COUNTY. 
Manager  W.  Morfitt  of  Ontario,  Or, 
Bays  the  Red  Oxide  mine,  near  Malheur 
City,  has  been  sold  for  $7000.  The  Red, 
White  and  Blue  mine  will  put  in  a  mill, 
and  the  Black  Eagle  will  increase  its  plant 
to  a  100-stamp  mill. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA, 

LAWRENCE  COU  >  TY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — S.  D  Foss, 
of  Chicago,  III ,  is  at  Central  City,  pre- 
paring to  start  work  on  the  Alfreta  mine, 
of  which  he  Is  part  owner.  This  mine  is 
near  the  Columbus  mine. 

Central  City,  Sept.  20. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Lucky 
Strike  mine  is  2  miles  southeast  of  the 
Clover  Leaf  mine,  near  Roubaix,  and 
covers  315  acres.  The  working  shaft  Is 
down  100  feet  and  they  are  drifting  from 
the  100-foot  level  on  a  vertical  fissure 
vein.  This  company  will  put  in  a  hoist, 
boilers  and  compressor.  C.  A.  Allen,  of 
Deadwood,  is  manager. 

Roubaix,  S.  D  ,  Sept.  20. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — The  Horse- 
shoe mill  is  dropping  sixty  stamps  and 
the  other  sixty  will  be  ready  for  oper- 
ation by  Oct.  1st.  The  ore  is  crushed 
through  two  No  5  gyratory  crushers  and 
conveyed  to  the  bins  by  a  500-foot  belt 
conveyor.  The  belt  is  24  inches  in  width. 
W.  L  McLaughlin  Is  manager  and  C.  C. 
Griggs,  mill  superintendent. 

Terry,  Sept.  20. 

At  Tinton  a  100-ton  mill  is  being  built 
for  treatment  of  tin  ores  The  mill  site  is 
J  mile  from  the  mine,  on  lower  ground, 
and  a  tramway  with  a  6%  grade  will  de- 
liver the  ore  direct  by  gravitation.  Water 
and  timber  are  also  right  at  hand. 
PENNINGTON  COUNTY. 

The  Lakota  M.  &  R.  Co  ,  owning  the 
Grizzly  Bear  group,  5  miles  southeast  of 
Hill  City,  report  having  plans  under  way 
for  a  40-ton  cyanide  annex  to  the  mill  to 
save  the  gold  that  escapes  the  amalga- 
mating plates. 

Seven  miles  from  Hill  City,  adjoin  ng 
the  Burlington  group  on  the  north,  the 
Sunbeam  M.  Co.  has  the  shaft  down  40 
feet  and  a  20-stamp  mill  is  being  built.  On 
the  300-foot  level  a  drift  Is  being  run  on 
the  ledge,  which  shows  4  feet  in  width  of 
$50  ore.  Besides  this  ledge,  there  are  two 
others  of  lesser  size  and  values. 

TEXAS. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 
Fire  on  the  23d  Inst,  in  the  east  end  of 
the  Shoestring  oil  district,  near  Beau- 
mont, destroyed  twenty-five  oil  derricks, 
causing  a  loss  estimated  at  $125,000.  The 
principal  loser  was  the  West-Divia  Oil 
Co.  Other  losers  include  the  Davy 
Crockett,  Emmett  Landy  and  Jackson 
Tobin  companies. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER  COUNTY. 

A  bond  and  lease  has  been  given  on  the 
Jumbo  group,  below  the  Cave  mine,  near 
Mllford,  to  W.  Thompson,  of  the  Ameri- 
can Exploration  Co.,  for  eighteen  months 
at  $75,000. 

M.  L.  Powers  has  resumed  work  on  his 
bismuth  prospects  In  the  Granite  range, 
near  Mllford,  and  will  continue  operations 
during  the  balance  of  the  year. 

JUAB   COUNTY. 

The  Godlva  mine  near  Eureka  has  a 
few  men  at  work  preparing  to  reopen  It. 

It  is  expected  the  Eureka  Hill  mill,  near 
Eureka,  will  Btart  up  this  fall.  Smelting 
grade  copper  and  silver-lead  ores  have 
been  shipped,  but  milling  ore  is  being 
broken  down. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

The  Signal  Peak  M.  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized at  Richfield  to  exploit  a  group  in 
Gold  Mountain  district  near  Marysvale. 
D.  D.  Hanks,  A  Rowley  and  E.  E.  Hoff- 
man are  officers. 

Seventy  men  are  on  the  payrolls  of  the 
Annie  Laurie  mine  at  Kimberly.  The 
tunnel  at  the  Annie  Laurie  extension 
mine  near  Kimberly  is  in  300  feat  and  pass- 
ing through  seams  of  copper  ore  in  the 
porphyry,  says  the  Tribune. 

SALT  LAKE  COUNTY. 

Ore  shipments  were  started  last  week 
from  the  mines  of  the  Continental-Alta 
M.  Co.  at  Alta,  says  Managing  Director 
H.  M.  Crowther  of  Salt  Lake  City.  While 
shipments  are  in  progress  fifty  men  will 
be  kept  on  the  payroll,  most  of  whom  will 
be  on  development  work. 

The  management  of  the  Highland  Boy 
mine  of  Bingham  is  negotiating  with  the 
smelters  for  terms  that  will  enable  the 
company  to  increase  ita  daily  output  to 
800  or  1000  tons  of  copper  ore. 

The  copper- bearing  properties  of  the  Co- 
lumbia M.  Co.  at  Bingham  have  been  sold 
to  H.  &  H.  G.  Catrow  of  Dayton,  Ohio,  O. 
A.  Tibbltts  et  al  for  $225,000.  Catrow  says 
development  will  be  continued  and  a  mill 
built  for  concentration  of  the  aecond-class 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


-10 


rock.  Meanwhile  he  has  In  view  the  util- 
ization of  two  other  plant.-  now  idle  in  the 
camp.    O.  A.  Tibbitts  will  be  manager. 

The  Columbus  Con.  M.  Co  are  prepar- 
ing to  start  work  on  their  power  plant, 
which  is  expected  to  be  completed  Janu- 
ary 1st.  The  plant  will  cost  140,000.  In 
addition  to  the  equipment  in  the  building 
there  will  be  41  miles  of  pole  line.  The 
300-kilowatt  generator  Is  to  be  driven  by 
water  power.  The  works  are  to  be  in 
Little  Cottonwood  canyon,  12  miles  below 
the  company's  mines  at  Alta.  It  is  pro- 
posed to  generate  sufficient  electrical 
power  to  drive  the  machinery  of  the 
mill  to  be  built  later,  also  for  the  machine 
drills  in  the  mine. 

The  Columbia  C.  Co.  at  Bingham  are 
preparing  to  put  in  an  air  compressor  and 
machine  drills,  also  for  building  a  concen- 
trator, and  it  is  expected  arrangements 
will  be  made  in  the  meantime  to  employ 
one  of  the  present  Bingham  mills  for  the 
reduction  of  the  low  grade  ores. 

The  Alta  Germania  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated to  operate  a  group  of  three 
lode  claims  in  Little  Cottonwood  district 
near  Alta  The  officers  are:  J.  Sauer,  L. 
Hobein  and  A.  J.  Weber. 

W.  W  Armstrong,  A.  Colbath,  L.  A. 
Jeffs.  J.  A.  Klrbv,  C.  Heath,  J.  C.  Clasby, 
W.  V.  Rice,  J  Orbednorfer,  D.  Keith  and 
E.  Bamberger  have  incorporated  the 
Alta-Quiney  M.  Co;  principal  place  of 
business,  Park  City,  and  W.  W.  Arm- 
strong president.  The  company's  ground 
adjoins  the  Columbus  group  at  Alta.  De- 
velopment work'is  in  progress. 
SUMMIT    COUNTY. 

Sinking  is  again  under  way  at  the 
Wabash  mine  at  Park  City,  and  it  Is  in- 
tended to  go  down  400  feet  more,  giving  a 
total  depth  of  1000  feet. 

The  Presidential  G.  M.  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized to  operate  the  Presidential  group 
of  six  claims  at  Park  City.  The  ground 
is  east  of  the  Steele  Con.  mines  and  near 
the  Kearns  &  Lynch  ground.  E.  D.  &  E. 
S.  Crowther,  F.  S.  Harris  and  M.  Som- 
mer  are  Incorporators. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 

The  Sunshine  mine  and  mill  at  Sun- 
shine were  closed  down  last  week,  says 
Manager  L.  Harris.  The  company  is  said 
to  be  behind  in  its  payrolls  one  and  one- 
half  months,  and  was  employing  fifty  men. 
R.  E.  Bush  is  superintendent. 

To  further  exploit  the  ore  body  the 
Herschel  M.  Co.  of  Mercur  will  begin 
driving  to  it  next  week  from  an  opening 
In  Sacramento  gulch.  Their  ground  ad- 
joins the  Sacramento  M.  Co. 
WEBER  COUNTY. 

The  Vindicator  G.  &C.  M  Co.  has  been 
organized  at  Ogden  to  operate  a  group  of 
ten  lode  claims  in  Byone's  and  Burch 
Creek  canyons,  with  G.  P.  Busch,  E. 
Bichsel,  S.  T.  Meyers  and  G  L.  Becker  as 
officers. 

"WASHINGTON. 

DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 
Coal  is  reported  found  on  the  south  half 
of  the  Colvllle  Indian  reservation  at  a 
point  8  miles  from  Bridgeport  and  near 
the  Columbia  river,  by  S.  Valentine  of 
Bridgeport.  Valentine  has  been  denied 
the  right  to  take  up  the  land,  as  the  Wat- 
ervilte  land  office  decided  that  the  act 
allowing  entries  on  the  south  half  of  the 
reservation  under  the  mineral  laws  did 
not  permit  of  coal  filings.  Valentine  is 
continuing  to  hold  and  develop  his  find. 
He  says  a  lead  8  feet  wide  has  been  opened 
up.  It  is  so  situated  that  the  product 
could  be  handled  from  the  mine  to  boats 
and  barges  on  the  river  by  a  gravity 
system. 

FERRY  COUNTY. 

P.  W.  Rolt  of  Rossland,  B.  C,  secre- 
tary of  the  Zala  Con.  M.  Co.,  operating 
the  Zala  M.  mine  at  Sheridan,  says  a 
hoist  and  sinking  pump  are  being  put  in  on 
the  300-foot  tunnel  level.  At  present  fif- 
teen men  are  at  work.  The  winze  below 
the  300-foot  level  is  down  55  feet.  About 
100  tons  of  ore  has  accumulated  in  the 
bins,  ready  for  shipment.  The  winze  is 
filled  with  water. 

Last  week  the  pumps  were  started  and 
work  resumed  at  the  Tom  Thumb  mine, 
near  Republic,  says  W.  D.  Church,  super- 
intendent. 

Machinery  consisting  of  a  40  H.  P. 
boiler  and  a  32  H.  P.  hoist  will  be  put  in 
at  the  Minnehaha  mine,  near  Danville. 
This  will  enable  the  management  to  go 
500  feet  deeper  on  the  ledge.  The  com- 
pany is  driving  a  tunnel  to  cut  the  main 
vein  at  depth  and  the  face  of  this  tunnel 
is  in  ore. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 

E.  T.  Hogle,  part  owner  in  the  Wyan- 
dotte M.  Co.,  operating  at  Chesaw,  says 
development  work  is  being  increased  on 
their  Oregon  mine.  A  shaft  has  been 
sunk  on  a  vein  carrying  gold,  silver,  lead 
and  copper.  M.  A.  Smalley  is  manager. 
STEVENS  COUNTY. 

E.  J.  Wilson,  manager  of  the  North- 
port  smelter,  says  the  smelter  is  running 


four  furnaces  and  the  remaining  two  are 
belne  overhauled  to  permit  of  automatic 
feeding  from  tram  cars  The  automatic 
feed  is  being  put  In  all  of  the  stacks. 
There  are  45,000  tons  of  ore  on  the  dumps 
at  the  smelter  and  the  plant  is  running 
900  tons  a  day.     Coke  is  coming  in  freely. 

WYOMING. 

LARAMIE  COUNTY. 

•  The  shaft  house  of  the  Liuise  mine  25 
miles  west  of  Cheyenne,  was  dynamited 
by  unknown  men  last  week,  "and  the 
boiler  and  hoisting  machinery  completely 
destroyed,  but  other  machinery  escaped 
damage.  The  machinery  belonged  to 
O'Reilly  Bros.,  who  have  a  contract  to 
sink  the  Louise  shaft  200  feet.  H. 
Schwartz,  superintendent  of  the  Hecla  M 
Co ,  which  owns  the  Louise,  says  the 
wrecking  of  the  machinery  will  delay 
work  but  a  short  time 

The  Colorado  P.  &  I.  Co.  has  begun 
work  of  opening  Its  Chicago  group  of  iron 
ore  properties.  The  Colorado*  Wyoming 
Railroad  is  being  extended  to  the  mines 
(8  miles),  leaving  that  railroad  2  miles  from 
Guernsey.  The  company  takes  out  1600 
tons  of  ore  a  day  at  the  Sunrise  mines,  and 
when  the  new  properties  are  opened  its 
capacity  will  be  doubled.  The  ore  is 
shipped  to  Pueblo,  Colo.  The  company's 
average  production  of  coal  and  coke  is 
shown  by  its  annual  report  to  be  17,000 
tons  a  day.  The  sales  average  10,000  tons 
a  day,  and  it  needs  for  its  own  consump- 
tion an  average  of  7000  tons  a  day. 

FOREIGN. 

AUSTRALIA. 

QUEENSLAND. 

The  18th  annual  report  of  the  Mount 
Morgan  G.  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  recently  issued, 
showB  that  the  cost  of  treating  the  oxi- 
dized ore  during  the  year  amounted  to 
11.69s,  and  that  for  treating  the  mundic 
ore  15.18s,  the  average  for  all  ores  being 
13  51s  per  ton.  The  cost  of  mining  mundic 
ore  per  ton  amounted  to  11.74s,  and  for 
mining  oxidized  ores  3  03s.  The  total  cost 
of  both  mining  and  treating  the  sulphide 
ores  was  26.93s,  and  the  total  for  mining 
and  treating  oxidized  ores  was  14  73s.  For 
all  ores  the  total  cost  of  mining  and  treat- 
ing amounted  to  21.02s  per  ton.  This  does 
not  include  a  few  shillings  for  general  ex- 
P2nses. 

SOUTH  AUSTRALIA. 

The  Northern  Territories  M.  &  S.  Co., 
at  the  Howley  mine, report  work  of  putting 
In  compressor  plant  and  rock  drills  pro- 
gressing. At  the  Mount  Ellison  mine  the 
lode  has  been  cut  by  crosscut  from  the 
main  shaft  at  a  depth  of  120  feet.  Water 
has  been  struck,  temporarily  retarding 
development.  At  the  Iron  Blow  mine  the 
engine  and  pump  in  position  and  ore  bins 
started.  In  the  smelting  works  the  water 
jacket  furnace  is  going  in.  No.  1  reverber- 
atory  furnace  well  forward;  No.  2  rever- 
beratory  furnace,  bottom  brickwork  and 
ironwork  in  position,  and  stack  built  up 
to  30  feet.  No.  1  reverberatory  furnace 
will  be  completed  by  November  1st,  and 
No.  2  reverberatory  furnace  by  December 
1st.  Work  on  the  tramway  is  progress- 
ing. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —The  ore  in 
the  Lakeview  Consol.  mine  will  average 
one  ounce  gold  throughout.  Extraction 
is  satisfactory  since  properly  treating 
tellurides.  The  Government  here  will  not 
allow  strikes.  The  courts  have  estab- 
lished a  minimum  wage  and  prescribe  the 
conditions.  The  country  is  divided  into 
districts  and  an  award  applies  to  all  the 
mines  or  other  works  in  that  district. 
There  are  very  comprehensive  laws  regu- 
lating mining  and  the  government  inspec- 
tion Is  very  strict;  they  even  establish  the 
procedure  in  ease  of  accident.  There  is  a 
large  income  tax  and  other  taxes  are  very 
high. 

Kalgoorlie,  Aug.  1. 

At  Kalgoorlie  the  Great  Boulder  Perse- 
verance M.  Co.  report,  on  Aug.  5,  cutting 
what  Is  believed  to  be  the  Perseverance 
main  lode  at  the  900-foot  level.  The  cross- 
cut struck  the  ore  body  at  a  poiDt  200  feet 
north  of  the  Lake  View  Consols  boundary 
and  for  a  width  of  8  feet  the  average 
value  of  the  ore  is  25  dwts. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 

C.  Wolf,  secretary  of  the  Waterloo  M. 
Co.,  in  Camp  McKinney,  says  the  com- 
pany will  increase  its  stamp  mill  from  five 
to  ten  stamps.  Eighteen  men  are  at  work 
at  the  mine. 

The  third  section  of  the  ore  bins  for  ore 
from  No.  2  tunnel  of  the  Knob  Hill  mine 
is  being  built,  giving  greater  capacity 
from  this  part  of  the  Granby  mines  at 
Phoenix,  which  will  be  needed  as  soon  as 
the  2000-ton  daily  rate  is   started.     Forty 


cars  daily  are  being  sent  to  supply  the 
four  furnaces  at  the  company's  smelter  at 
Grand  Forks.  As  soon  as  the  slag-carry- 
ing locomotives  arrive  the  fifth  and  sixth 
furnaces  will  be  blown  In.  They  were  con- 
nected up  during  the  recent  closedown.  It 
is  expecttd  the  six  furnaces  will  be  in 
operation  by  Nov.  let. 

EAST  KOOTENAY   DISTRICT. 

Manager  S.  S.  Fowler  of  the  Paradise 
mine,  on  Toby  creek,  near  WIndemere, 
says  the  company  is  considering  building 
a  tramway  a  distance  of  3}  or  4  miles. 
There  are  twenty-five  men  at  work  on  de- 
velopment, and  the  ore  being  taken  out 
Is  Bhowing  good  values  In  lead. 

The  M.  Mclnnis  group  of  four  claims  at 
Crow's  Nest  has  been  sold  to  the  Canadian 
Pacific  R.  R.  Co.  for  $110,0C0.  The  rail- 
way company  will  develop  this  property 
to  supply  their  own  coal  requirements. 

Work  of  repairing  the  St.  Eugene  con- 
centrator, near  Fort  Steele,  and  putting 
in  the  zinc-saving  apparatus  has  begun. 
Thirty  men  and  six  teams  are  building  a 
(lume  3  miles  loDg  at  Perry  creek.  South 
Dakota  men  are  preparing  to  enter  into 
the  work  of  turning  Bull  river  from  Its 
present  bed  for  its  gold.  It  is  supposed 
that  the  channel  or  bed  of  the  river  has 
been  a  veritable  sluice  box  and  can  be 
cleaned  up  as  soon  as  the  river  is  turned 
into  its  new  channel. 

Work  at  the  Bull  river  placer  mines, 
near  Fort  Steele,  is  progressing.  The  road 
from  the  Chlckamun  to  the  falls  of  Bull 
river  has  been  completed.  Timber  has 
been  cut  and  buildings  are  going  up.  Men 
are  at  work  cutting  the  right  of  way  for 
the  flume. 

The  Gold  River  M.  Co.  has  put  men  at 
work  cutting  out  the  right  of  way  for  a 
ditch  from  the  upper  canyon  to  the  falls 
on  Bull  river,  near  Fort  Steele,  says  the 
Prospector. 

NELSON  DISTRICT. 

The  Relief  mill  on  the  Relief  mine,  near 
Erie,  owned  by  Finch  &  Campbell  of  Spo- 
kane, Wash.,  has  closed  down  for  the  year 
owing  to  lack  of  water.  It  will  not  be 
started  until  spring.  The  Relief  ores  are 
treated  by  a  stamp  mill  and  a  cyanide 
plant.  The  principal  values  are  in  gold, 
averaging  $10  per  ton 

The  Star  group,  Morning  mountain, 
near  Ymir,  is  reported  sold  for  $30,000— 
10%  paid.  A  40-stamp  mill  will  be  erected. 
G.  W.  Stead  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  is  in- 
terested. 

ROSSLAND  DISTRICT. 

E.  B.  Kirby,  manager  of  the  War 
Eagle-Center  Star  Cos.,  at  Rossland,  says 
the  RosBland  Power  Co.,  a  subsidiary 
company  of  the  War  Eagle  and  Center 
Star,  has  made  arrangements  to  build  a 
concentrator  for  treatment  of  low-grade 
ores  of  the  War  Eagle  and  Center  Star 
mines.  The  mill  will  be  built  near  Trail, 
|  mile  north  of  the  smelter,  along  the  line 
of  the  Columbia  &  Western  railroad,  be- 
tween Trail  and  Robson,  and  near  the 
Columbia  river.  It  will  have  a  capacity 
of  200  tons  a  day  to  begin  with,  but  it  will 
be  constructed  so  as  to  be  enlarged  later. 
Work  will  begin  next  week,  and  C.  M.  Eye 
will  be  superintendent.  It  is  understood 
the  Canadian  Pacific  will  put  in  switches 
and  other  facilities  at  the  millBite  to 
handle  the  material  for  the  concentrator. 
Water  for  the  mill  will  be  taken  from 
Stoney,  Rock  and  Murphy  creeks,  and 
conducted  to  the  concentrator  by  a  flume. 
Sixty  men  will  be  put  to  work. 

SLOCAN  DISTRICT, 

In  the  Slocan,  G.  Jenkins  of  the  Idaho 
mine  at  Alamo  will  put  in  a  9000  foot 
tramway.  Twenty-five  men  are  at  work 
on  the  Idaho;  others  are  renovating  the 
old  concentrator,  with  which  the  new 
tramway  will  connect  the  mine.  This 
concentrator  was  the  first  one  built  in  the 
Slocan,  and  has  been  idle  for  over  four 
years. 

VANCOUVER  ISLAND. 

J.  Dunsmuir  Bays,  near  Cumberland, 
further  development  work  is  being  done 
near  Hamilton  lake,  where  two  slopes  are 
being  driven  into  the  anthracite  bed,  and 
coal  is  expected  to  be  struck  this  week. 
The  men  have  started  sinking  a  shaft  at 
the  same  point.  They  have  overcome  the 
water  more  easily  than  was  expected. 

WEST  KOOTENAY  DISTRICT. 

C.  E.  Averill  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  has 
bought  the  Dal  Ray  group— a  free  gold 
property  adjoining  the  Homestake  mine, 
in  Lardeau  section,  near  Camborne.  He 
will  start  development  on  the  Del  Ray 
this  week. 

YALE  DISTRICT. 

The  Coulee  Coal  &  Iron  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  at  Colfax,  Wash.,  by  T. 
Oliver,  J.  W.  Lloyd,  E.  M.  Warner,  G.  W. 
Palmer,  H.  H.  Wheeler,  C.  E.  Scribner 
and  D.  Leinbach  of  Colfax,  to  acquire  and 
develop  coal  veins  and  iron  ore  deposits  in 
the  State  of  Washington  and  in  British 
Columbia;  to  build  and  operate  smelters, 
coke  ovens  and   transportation  lines    in 


connection  with  their  mining  properties. 
They  own  3840  acres  of  coal  land  in  Nicola 
coal  barin,  150  miles  northeast  of  Van- 
couver. 

CANADA. 

ONTARIO. 

Secretary  Berry  and  Director  Pudrith 
of  the  Summit  Lake  G.  M.  Co.,  operating 
the  Little  MaBter  group,  near  Wablgoon, 
report  the  main  shaft  going  down  and 
showing  ore  carrying  free  gold.  The  Big 
Master    mine  and  stamp   mill  are  in  full 

operation. At  the  Nelson  Bay  group  of 

the  Gold  Standard  Co.  Superintendent 
N.  C.  Ahlstrom  says  work  is  progressing. 
Crosscutting  is  being  done  toward  the  dip 
of  the  vein  as  it  appears  on  the  surface. 
Notwithstanding  this  work  is  under  the 
bottom  of  the  lake,  the  miners  have  no 
trouble  with  water. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

Stallforth  Bros,  of  Parral,  lessees  of  the 
Quebradillas  mine  at  Mioas  Nuevas,  re- 
port having  a  body  of  ore  20  feet  wide  at 
the  845-foot  level.  They  paid  a  royalty 
of  75%  on  the  first  65,000  tons  extracted, 
and  the  royalty  as  per  contract  has  since 
been  25%,  says  the  Enterprise.  E.  Stalk- 
cecht  is  manager. 

The  Mexican  M  &  Ex.  Co.  have  secured 
the  lease  on  the  Prieto  mine,  near  Parral, 

and  will  start   work    next   week The 

American  Zinc  Extraction  Co.,  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo,  A.  E.  Swain,  superintendent, 
is  down  400  feet  in  depth  on  the  Tajo 
mine,  which  adjoins  the  Prieto  mine  on 
the  northeast,  says  the  Enterprise. 

G.  A.  Burr  has  an  option  on  the  Pu- 
risima  mine,  in  Las  Animas  district,  near 
Parral.  A  meter  of  the  vein  averages 
1300  grams  silver  per  ton.  The  mine  is 
near  the  Mexican  Central  railroad. 

J.  A.  Creel  s  smelter  at  Terrazas  was 
blown  in  last  week  and  is  turning  out  cop- 
per, says  F.  A.  Schneider  of  El  Paso, 
manager. 

The  Hoff  &  Robinson  working  interests 
in  the  Concepcion  mine  in  Santa  Eulalia 
has  been  given  up,  and  the  ownerB,  C. 
Alleman,  W.  J  Jones  and  C  Gasson,  will 
continue  the  work  in  connection  with 
Manager  Gasson's  work  on  the  Kansas 
Boy  mine. 

R.  J.  Oaxaca  has  bought  the  two  5-foot 
Huntington  mills  and  other  machinery  of 
the  Boston  company  at  the  Placer  de 
Guadalupe,  near  Parral,  and  will  use  it  in 
treating  ores  of  his  mines  other  than  the 
Oaxaca  mine  in  the  same  section.  The 
Oaxaea  mine  is  idle  pending  the  settle- 
ment of  the  estate. 

The  Guegenhelms  are  doing  nothing 
with  the  Veta  Grande  y  Annexas  at  Par- 
ral except  to  ship  the  dumps,  do  work 
going  on  underground.  It  is  claimed  the 
dumps  will  return  the  price  paid  for  the 
mine— $200,000  gold.  A  new  shaft  is  ex- 
pected to  be  sunk,  says  the  Enterprise. 
J.  P.  Soule  la  superintendent. 

The  San  Francisco  del  Oro  mine,  near 
Parral,  owned  by  English  capitalists,  or- 
ganized as  the  San  Francisco  del  Oro.Ltd., 
J.  B.  HyBlop,  manager,  is  being  prepared 
for  increased  production.  An  aerial  tram- 
way a  mile  long  is  near  completion.  An 
electric  pump  and  hoists  are  being  put  in 
and  two  air  compressors  are  on  the  ground. 
Work  is  going  on  at  both  ends  of  the  3160- 
foot  tunnel  which  is  to  tap  all  three  mines 
for  working  and  draining  purposes,  says 
the  Chihuahua  Enterprise.  The  cable  tram 
will  have  a  capacity  of  100  tons  every  ten 
hours.     The  principal  values  are  in  gold. 

COAHUILA. 
Manager  E.  Ludlow  of  the  Mexican 
Coal  &  Coke  Co.  saya  he  has  contracted  to 
furnish  22,000  tons  of  coke  to  smelter 
No.  3  at  Monterey,  Nuevo  Leon,  from  the 
Las  Esperanzas  coal  mines  at  Las  Eaper- 
anzas,  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State. 
The  coal  body  is  8  feet  thick  and  is  pro- 
ducing 2000  tons  per  day. 

DURANGO. 
The  Durango  M.  Co.  has  been  incorpo- 
rated by   Michigan   men   to  exploit    the 
mines  of  C.  Fowler  at  Yerba  Buena,  near 
San  Pedro. 

OAXACA. 

The  Tlaeolula  M.  Co.,  of  Oaxaca,  has 
been  incorporated  by  R.  W.  Drennan  and 
A.  L.  Zeckendorf  to  exploit  the  El  Placer 
and  Dolores  y  Annexas  free  gold  mines,  18 
miles  east  of  Oaxaea.  The  ores  are  said 
to  average  820  gold  per  ton. 

In  Sierra  Juarez  gold-silver  district,  40 
miles  northeast  of  Oaxaca,  moat  of  the 
mines  so  far  developed  are  at  about  8000 
feet  elevation  and  are  tunnel  propositions. 
At  the  Natividad  mine  ten  stamps  are  be- 
ing added  to  the  mill,  making  twenty  in  all. 
The  Oaxaca  M.  &  M.  Co.  of  Denton,  Tex., 
men,  at  its  Barrohuates  mine,  has  a  10- 
stamp  mill  running,  and  reports  shipping 
$3000  bullion  per  week.  The  ore  runs 
seven  ounces  in  gold.  The  Sierra  Juarez 
M.  &  Dev.  Co.  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  has  a 
5-stamp  mill  in  operation  and  expect  to  in- 


211 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26,  1903. 


crease  the  plant.  The  Mexican-American 
G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  of  Waco,  Tex.,  is  putting 
up  a  10-stamp  mill  on  the  San  Jose  de 
Gracia  mine.  Several  other  companies 
are  increasing  operations.  The  Natlvidad 
and  Socoro  rivers  furnish  a  sufficient 
water  power.  The  Natividad  is  putting 
in  an  electric  plant  on  the  Natlvidad  river 
for  its  mine  and  mill  and  the  American- 
Mexican  Co.  has  made  a  ditch  a  mile  long 
for  utilizing  the  waters  of  the  Socorro 
river  to  generate  200  H.  P. 


R.  Coleman  et  al,  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  having  hought  the  Lluvia  de  Oro 
mines  in  eastern  Sinaloa,  are  arranging  to 
put  in  a  20-stamp  mill  at  the  mine.  Table 
concentrators  will  he  used.  This  plant 
will  handle  ore  taken  out  in  development; 
and  ultimately  they  propose  to  build  a 
100-stamp  mill,  water  power  and  trans- 
mission of  electric  power  to  both  mine 
and  mill,  together  with  an  aerial  tram 
line  of  1J  mile  in  length. 
SONOKA. 

Two  furnaces  at  the  smelter  of  the 
Greene  Con.  C.  Co.,  at  Cananea,  which 
have  not  been  in  operation  for  several 
months,  were  blown  in  last  week.  It  is 
also  understood  that  four  furnaces  will  be 
built,  says  the  Cananea  Herald. 

The  offices  of  the  Sonora  River  Placer 
M.  Co.,  operating  on  the  Sonora  river, 
have  been  moved  from  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
to  Cananea,  says  A.  W.  Tennant,  mana- 
ger. 

A.  Goldbaum  and  S.  D.  Kempton  of  Her- 
mosillo  have  started  work  on  the  Imperio 
del  Cobre  mine,  30  miles  south  of  Cananea. 
The  ores  carry  gold,  silver  and  copper. 

The  San  BlaB  M.  Co.,  which  has  taken 
over  the  San  Bias  mine,  45  miles  north- 
west from  Caborca,  in  Altar  district,  has 
been  incorporated  in  Massachusetts.  The 
claims  are  gold-bearing,  with  five  veins, 
three  of  which  were  opened  and  operated 
by  the  antiguas.  The  directors  are  D.  J. 
Brown,  L.  R.  Godfrey,  E.  H.  Beer, 
G.  N.  Rich,  G.  H.  Miner,  E.  P. 
Gibbs  and  J.  H.  Trayne  of  North  Adams, 
Mass.,  with  J.  A.  Singey  of  Caborca, 
manager. 


I        PERSONAL.        I 

*  «• 

C.  L  Tutt,  interested  in  Colorado 
mines,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

I.  E  GOODNBR  has  returned  to  Madi- 
son, WiB.,  from  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

T.  Regan  of  Boise,  Idaho,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal,  on  mining  business. 

R.  De  Large  has  returned  from  mill 
construction  at  Tucson  to  Dewey,  Ariz. 

B.  C.  Riblet  has  returned  from  an 
Eastern  business  trip  to  Spokane,  Wash. 

A.  H.  Elftman  of  Silverton,  Colo.,  is 
in  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  on  mining  business. 

F.  S.  Ingalls  of  Yuma,  Ariz ,  has 
been  appointed  Surveyor-General  of  Ari- 
zona. 

G.  A.  Hancock  has  resigned  as  man- 
ager of  the  Comstcck  mine  at  Park  City, 
Utah. 

R.  K.  Neill,  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  re- 
turned last  week  from  a  trip  to  the  Kyak, 
Alaska,  oil  fields. 

R.  G.  WILSON  is  president  and  manager 
of  the  New  York  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Park  City,  Utah. 

H.  E.  Crawford  of  New  York  is  in 
the  Black  Hills,  South  Dakota,  examining 
mining  properties. 

F.  J.  Murphy,  who  has  mining  inter- 
ests in  Arizona,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
from  Needles,  Cal. 

F.  H.  Morley  has  opened  an  office  as 
mining  engineer  in  the  Exchange  Build- 
ing, Denver,  Colo. 

A.  B.  Adams  of  New  York,  interested 
in  mines  in  Mexico,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  from  the  East. 

Gardner  H.  Smith  has  returned  to 
Pasadena,  Cal.,  from  a  mine  examination 
in  Sierra  county,  Cal. 

E.  L.  White,  State  Mine  Inspector  for 
Colorado,  has  returned  to  Denver,  Colo., 
from  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

J.  T.  Mii/liken,  formerly  of  Colorado, 
is  manager  of  the  mill  of  the  Imperial  M. 
Co.  of  Deadwood,  S.  D. 

T.  Evans,  owning  mining  and  railroad 
interests  near  Cananea,  Sonora,  Mexico, 
is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

C.  M.  Coleman  has  retired  as  secretary 
and  manager  of  the  Keystone  Hydraulic 
Co.  near  Telluride,  Colo. 

G.  V.  Northey  of  Sulphur  Creek, 
Colusa  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  on  mining  business. 


Manager  H.  G.  Brunnier  of  the 
Conlin  mine,  Grass  Valley,  Cal ,  is  in  Dav- 
enport, Iowa,  on  business. 

G.  J.  Bancroft  of  Denver,  Colo,,  is 
looking  over  mining  properties  In  the 
Black  Hills,  South  Dakota. 

Jesse  J.  MacDonald  has  returned  to 
California  from  a  successful  cyanide  opera- 
tion in  Peru,  South  America. 

W.  C.  Hodge,  Jr  ,  of  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  from  Washington,  D.  C. 

F.  A.  Leach,  superintendent  U.  S. 
Mint,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  has  returned 
from  an  extended  Eastern  visit. 

John  Lawler  of  Prescott,  Ariz., 
owner  of  the  Hillside  mine,  In  Yavapai 
county,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  H.  Berkshire  has  returned  to 
Winona,  Mo.,  after  an  examination  of  his 
mining  holdings  at  Pearl,  Idaho. 

Manager  Remer  of  the  Mutual  Bene- 
fit G.  M.  Co.  is  in  the  East  on  mining 
business  from  Central  City,  Colo. 

C.  W.  Purington,  who  has  been  mak- 
ing examinations  in  Clear  Creek  county, 
Colo.,  has  returned  to  Denver,  Colo. 

O.  A.  Tibbits  of  Dayton,  Ohio,  is  man- 
ager of  the  Columbia  M.  Co.,  operating 
at  Bingham,  Salt  Lake  county,  Utah. 

H.  F.  JuRS  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  was 
in  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  duriDg  the  mining 
congress,  and  has  gone  to  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

R.  W  Hill  is  secretary  and  manager 
of  the  Keystone  Hydraulic  Co.,  near  Tel 
luride,  Colo  ,  vice  C.  M.  Coleman,  retired. 

J.  E.  Phillips  of  Denver,  Colo.,  has 
returned  there  from  New  York  on  busi- 
ness for  the  Engineering  Co.  of  America. 

C.  C.  Derby  of  Mount  Bullion,  Mari- 
posa county,  Cal.,  manager  of  the  Mari- 
posa Com.  &  M.  Co.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal 

J.  McIntire  of  Sacramento,  Cal ,  su- 
perintendent of  the  South  Keystone  mine 
in  Amador  county,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

W.  D.  Pagan  of  New  York,  interested 
in  the  North  Star  mine  at  Grass  Valley, 
Nevada  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

L  Hahn  of  Hastings,  Neb.,  interested 
in  the  Four  Metals  mine,  Deep  Creek  dis- 
trict, Tooele  county,  Utah,  is  vlBiting  the 
camp. 

0.  Harker,  formerly  with  the  Gug- 
genheim Ex.  Co.,  is  superintendent  of  the 
Henrietta  mine  near  Bajan,  Nuevo  Leon, 
Mexico. 

J.  W.  Langley,  D.  S.  Murray  and 
E.  D.  Thompson  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
have  gone  to  the  Jackson  Hole  country  in 
Wyoming. 

J.  B.  Harrell  is  superintendent  of  the 
Cashier  100-ton  amalgamating  and  con- 
centrator mill  at  Breckenridge,  Summit 
county,  Colo. 

J.  M.  NOUGUES,  Jr.,  superintendent  of 
the  Josephine  mine  at  Volcanoville,  El 
Dorado  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  on  business. 

1.  Miller,  president  of  the  Spring- 
field-Nevada M.  Co.,  is  in  the  East  on 
company  business  from  Olinghouse,  near 
Wadsworth,  Nev. 

E.  Copley  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  is 
in  the  East  in  the  interest  of  the  Sheba 
and  Nevada-Humboldt  companies  in  Hum- 
boldt county,  Nev. 

Chas.  M.  Hampson  has  returned  to 
Denver,  Colo.,  from  Yankee  Hill,  Colo., 
where  he  started  up  the  new  plant  of  the 
Y.  C.  M.  M.  &  T.  Co. 

Manager  G.  D.  B.  Turner  of  the  J. 
I.  C.  mine  of  Park  City,  Utah,  has  gone 
EaBt,  and  will  visit  shareholders  in  Scot- 
land before  returning. 

W.  L.  Cobb,  of  San  Francisco,  is  mak- 
ing an  examination  of  the  old  Piute  mine, 
east  of  Bakersfield,  Cal.,  with  a  view  of 
installing  a  5-stamp  mill. 

C.  F.  Staver,  superintendent  of  the 
Van  d  alia  mine,  near  Shingle  Springs, 
El  Dorado  county,  Cal.,  haB  returned  to 
the  mine  from  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  A.  Yeatman  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
has  gone  to  McCoy,  Eagle  county,  Colo., 
to  superintend  Installation  of  placer  min- 
ing equipment  with  artificial  head. 

O.  Henkel  and  T.  Birch  of  La  Colo- 
rada,  Sonora,  Mexico,  have  gone  to  South 
America  for  the  South  American  Dev.  Co. 
at  Zaruma,  Ecuador,  as  mine  foremen. 

John  Ross,  Jr.,  manager  of  the  Wlld- 
man-Mahoney  mine  at  Sutter  Creek,  Cal., 
has  returned  from  a  business  trip  to  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  and  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Mr,  Green  succeeds  W.  Frank  Pierce 
In  the  presidency  of  the  Standard  Elec- 
trical Co ,  which  removes  its  principal 
office  from  San  Francisco  to  San  Jose,  Cal. 

G.  W.  Myers  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
has  gone  to  Randsburg  and  Bagdad,  Cal., 
and  the  desert  district,  on  business  for 
the  Chrome  Steel  Works  of  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y. 

Roy  D.  Hunter,  Western  manager  of 
the  Sullivan  Machinery  Co.,  with  head- 
quarters at  Denver,  Colo.,  and  H.  P. 
Dlnsmoor,  assistant  manager,  are  In  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

E.  H.  Platt  has  resigned  the  superin- 
tendency  of  the  Commercial  Lead  Co.  of 
Flat  River,  Mo.,  to  take  an  important  po- 
sition with  the  Denver  Engineering  Works 
Co.  of  Denver,  Colo. 

W.  Magenau,  professionally  engaged 
for  the  past  six  months  in  Guanajuato  and 
City  of  Mexico,  Mexico,  has  been  ap- 
pointed superintendent  of  the  Commercial 
Lead  Co.  of  Flat  River,  Mo. 

G.  E.  Quinby  of  Joplin,  Mo.,  has  been 
appointed  State  Inspector  of  lead  and  zinc 
mines  for  the  western  district  of  Missouri, 
which  includes  Joplin  district,  as  well  as 
the  mines  of  central  Missouri. 

W.  Weston,  mining  engineer  for  the 
Moffat  road,  has  left  Denver,  Colo.,  for  a 
month's  inspection  and  report  on  the 
Routt  county,  Colo.,  anthracite  and 
bituminous  coal  fields.  He  will  make  his 
headquarters  at  Yampa  and  Steamboat 
Springs. 

F.  W.  Denton,  in  assuming  charge  of 
the  Trimountain  copper  mine  near  Palnes- 
dale,  Mich.,  has  appointed  J.  Jolly,  for- 
merly head  mining  captain  at  the  Baltic 
mine,  as  head  mining  captain  of  the  Tri- 
mountain, and  M.  Trethewey,  under  cap- 
tain at  the  Baltic,  Is  appointed  to  the 
place  held  by  Jolly. 

ON  the  22d  inst.  several  of  the  friends  of 
Ross  E  Browne,  E.  M.,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  gave  him  a  dinner  in  San  FranciBco, 
Cal.,  prior  to  his  departure  for  Johannes- 
burg, South  Africa,  where  he  goes  to  take 
a  position  with  an  important  mining  com- 
pany. There  were  present  at  the  dinner: 
C.  F.  Hoffman,  H.  Bratnober,  C.  G.  Yale, 

E.  H.  Benjamin,  C.  H.  LIndley,  F.  W. 
Bradley  and  F.  Leach  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  H.  T.  Power  of  Michigan  Bluff,  Cal., 
Mr.  Perkins  of  Johannesburg,  South 
Africa,  and  G.  Hesse,  S.  B.  Christy  and 
A.  C.  Lawson  of  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia, Berkeley,  Cal.  Mr.  Browne  will  be 
accompanied  by  his  family  and  K.  F.  and 
J  D.  Hoffman,  the  entire  party  going  to 
London,  England,  when  J.  D.  Hoffman 
will  proceed  at  once  to  Johannesburg, 
Mr.  Browne  and  family  going  later  to 
South  Africa. 

The  following  are  announced  as  the 
graduating  clasB  of  1903  of  the  A.  Van  der 
Naillen  School  of  Engineering  of  San 
Francisco:  Electrical  department— J.  M. 
Minor,  Areata,  Cal  ;  F.  R.  George,  Los 
Angeles;  G.  R  Stebbins,  North  Platte, 
Neb.;  J.  Dooley,  Sacramento,  Cal  ;  H.  W. 
KoBter,  San  Francisco;  W.  Bruce,  Oak- 
land; H.  J.  Ferguson,  Knight's  Ferry, 
Cal.;  E.  L.  Hueter  and  L.  H.  Heuter, 
Alma,  Cal.;  F.  B.  Volkerts,  Sebastopol, 
Cal.;  W.  Lazar,  San  Francisco;  E  P. 
Mann,  Lob  Gatos,  Cal  ;  H.  H  Lewis,  Sun- 
nyBide,  Nev.;  W.  McCann,  Ferndale,  Cal.; 

F.  H.  Wilkins,  Los  Banos,  Cal.;  H.  M. 
Tilson,  Del  Paso,  Cal.;  Arthur  J.  Hand, 
San  Francisco;  C.  B  Jackson,  Pleasant 
Grove,  Cal  ;  C.  J.  Klevesahl,  San  Fran- 
cisco; F.  E.  Duprey,  Winters,  Cal  ;  R. 
Towle,  Emmett,  Cal ;  P.  Potrz,  Berlin, 
Germany;  W.  H.  Gras?,  Milford.  Cal  ;  J. 
R.  Rhodes,  Ukiah,  Cal  ;  L.  D.  Arm- 
strong, Fortuna,  Cal  ;  D.  W.  Isaac,  Tesla, 
Cal.;  A.  Jennings,  Wickenburg,  Ariz  ;  H. 
W.  Holmes,  Alameda,  Cal.;  M.  A.  Herri- 
man,  San  Francisco;  R.  H.  Parker,  Sierra 
City,  Cal.;  G.  M.  Dawes,  San  Francisco; 
P.  W.  Landell,  Philippine  Islands;  W.  E. 
Hollenberg,  Reedley,  Cal  ;  F.  Isbell,  San 
Francisco;  T.  A.  Church,  San  Francisco; 

G.  R.  Johnson,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Cal.;  F. 
Hazelwood,  Highland,  Cal;  L.  F.  Sca- 
llone,  Healdsburg,  Cal  ;  R.  D.  Tucker, 
Spanish  Ranch,  Cal.;  R.  L.  Stewart,  San 
Francisco;  G.  H.  Farnsworth,  Honolulu; 
W.  H.  Perry,  Walla  Walla,  Wash.;  O.  A. 
McCobb,  Holllster,  Cal  ;  L.  Stark,  Win- 
ters, Cal ;  V.  G.  Guthrie,  Winters,  Cal. ; 
H.  B.  Stone,  Chico,  Cal.;  C.  W.  Farrow, 
Downieville,  Cal.;  H.  J.  Zweifel,  Jr., 
Downieville,  Cal.;  D.  McCaustland,  San 
Jose.  Mining  department — B.  N.  Sharp,  ( 
Sandon,  B.  C;  W.  G.  Rennison,  Kaslo, 
B.  C;  G.  F.  Williamson,  Amador,  Cal.; 
M.  C.  Schmidt,  Villaldama,  Mexico; 
W.  T.  MacDonald,  Chihuahua,  Mexico. 
Draughtsmen — S.  L.  Cassella,  Alma,  Cal.; 
W.  Krelling,  San  Francisco;  J.  Maxemin, 
Mazatlan,  Mexico;  S.  Helman,  San  Fran- 
cisco; A.  W.  Pearson,  Mt.  View,  Cal.;  L. 
H.  Brown,  Red  Bluff,  Cal.  Assayers— E. 
Williams,  Nome,  Alaska;  D.  D.  McCal- 
lum,  San  Francisco;  A.  L.  Stern  San 
Francisco;  T.  S.  Forrest,  Ballard,  Wash.; 


G.  W.  Bishop,  San  Francisco;  J.  Conway, 
Uncompahgre,  Colo.;  V.  J.  Hall,  San 
Francisco;  H.  H.  Lockhart,  Descanso, 
Cal.;  J.  0.  Lampshire,  Los  Angeles;  M. 
E.  Sayre,  San  Francisco;  F.  M,  Evans, 
Victor,  Colo;  A.  T.  Lesser,  Garnet, 
Mont.;  A.  R.  Wistrand,  Menominee, 
Mich.;  E.  Pinter,  San  Francisco;  M.  B. 
Pope,  Salt  Lake,  Utah;  J.  Thiebes,  Bis- 
bee,  Ariz.;  J.  A.  Millmore,  Woodstock, 
Canada;  E.  N.  Stone,  Gazelle,  Cal.;  C. 
Gurnee,  Nome,  Alaska;  W.  A.  Hersey, 
Penryn,  Cal.;  M.  Brigman,  Similkameen, 
B.  C;  G.  H.  Shaw,  Murphys,  Cal ;  R.  E. 
Moore,  Woodland,  Cal.;  W.  H.  Donohue, 
Tarryall,  Colo.;  J.  M.  Jessen,  Omaha, 
Neb.  Surveyors  —  A.  G.  Engblom,  San 
Francisco;  F.  W.  Wood,  San  Antonio, 
Tex. ;  H.  P.  Strough,  New  Hope,  Va  ;  D. 
M.  Blood,  Oakland;  A.  W.  Steward, 
Butte,  Mont  ;  E.  E.  McCartney,  San 
Francisco;  E.  O.  Ord,  Jr.,  Benicia,  Cal.; 
W.  H.  Lipscombe,  Mulberry,  Cal.;  G. 
Conlin,  Victor,  Colo.;  S.  H.  Jordan,  An- 
gels Camp,  Cal. ;  E.  I.  Clawiter,  Mt.  Eden, 
Cal.;  W.  M.  Burns,  San  Dimas,  Mexico; 
D.  F.  Valentine,  Melbourne,  Fla.;  F.  P. 
Zoffman,  Jolon,  Cal.;  A.  Joaquin,  San 
Luis  Obispo,  Cal. ;  J.  H  Elklnton,  Oak- 
land; B.  A.  Jeffery,  Jackson,  Cal;  J.  P. 
Mackenzie,  San  Francisco;  G.  Schrader, 
Los  Angeles;  R.  B.  Wilcox,  Stephens,  Or. 


*  * 

|        Books   Received.         | 

*  '  * 

"Chemist's  Handbook,"  from  Western 
Chemical  Manufacturing  Co ,  Denver, 
Colo  ,  celluloid  cover,  with  much  technical 
information  of  value  to  chemists,  assayers 
and  others. 

"Engineering  Preliminaries  for  an  In- 
terurban  Electric  Railway,"  by  Ernest 
Gonzenbach,  is  the  latest  work  on  electric 
railway  engineering.  The  buok  Is  for  the 
thoughtful  perusal  of  those  who  contem- 
plate building  an  electric  railway,  or  who 
desire  comprehensive  information  on  this 
Important  subject.  It  deals  with  general 
requirements,  makes  a  comparison  be- 
tween trolly  and  third-rail  systems,  and 
with  power  houBe  and  roadbed  construc- 
tion. Price,  $1.  McGrawPublishingCo., 
New  York  City. 

"Iron,  Steel  and  Other  Alloys,"  by 
Henry  M.  Howe,  author  of  the  "Metal- 
lurgy of  Steel, "  has  been  received.  The 
publication  of  this  book  marks  an  epoch 
in  our  knowledge  of  metals  and  alloys. 
The  work  is  thoroughly  comprehensive, 
dealing  with  the  composition  of  various 
alloys,  blast  furnace  practice  and  the 
various  types  of  furnaces.  The  book  is 
written  on  new  lines  and  deals  compre- 
hensively with  the  "solution  theory"  of 
metallography.  It  is  a  book  at  once  for 
the  student  and  practitioner.  Price,  $5. 
Sauveur  &  Whiting,  446  Tremont  street, 
Boston,  Mass. 

"Chemistry,  Inorganic  and  Organic," 
by  Chas.  London  Bloxam  (ninth  edition), 
rewritten  and  revised  by  John  Millar 
Thompson,  LL.  D ,  has  been  received 
from  the  publishers.  The  fact  that  this 
valuable  textbook  has  issued  its  ninth  edi- 
tion is  sufficient  in  itself  to  recommend 
the  book  to  those  who  desire  a  thor- 
oughly reliable  treatise  on  the  import- 
ant subject  of  which  it  treats.  Most  books 
on  chemistry  deal  with  either  organic  or 
inorganic  chemistry  separately,  but  in  this 
volume  both  are  treated,  making  it  a 
handy  book  of  reference.  There  are 
872  pages  in  the  volume,  with  nearly  300 
illustrations.  The  chapter  on  the  frac- 
tional distillation  of  petroleum  will  prove 
of  value  to  those  interested  in  oil.  The 
metallurgical  section  is  particularly  inter- 
esting and  valuable.  Price,  $6 ;  pub- 
lished by  P.  Blakiston's  Son  &  Co.,  1012 
Walnut  street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

"The  Metallurgy  of  Zinc  and  Cad- 
mium," by  Walter  Ronton  Ingalls,  is  the 
title  of  a  handsome  volume  on  this  import- 
ant metallurgical  Bubject,  just  published. 
It  contains  700  pages  of  profusely  illus- 
trated text.  The  illustrations  contain 
carefully  made  working  drawings  of  fur- 
naces and  other  machinery  used  in  the 
handling  and  reduction  of  these  ores.  The 
zinc  industry  is  an  important  one,  com- 
paring favorably  with  that  of  lead  or  cop- 
per, but  until  now  there  has  been  a  dearth 
of  technical  information  on  the  subject  of 
the  metallurgy  of  zinc.  Mr.  Ingalls  Is 
also  the  author  of  the  "  Production  and 
Properties  of  Zinc."  The  present  vol- 
ume deals  with  the  ores  of  zinc,  their 
treatment  In  various  types  of  calcining  and 
roasting  furnaces;  the  utilization  of  gases, 
and  principles  and  practice  of  zinc  distilla- 
tion. Cadmium  is  also  treated  in  a 
thorough  manner.  The  latter  part  of  the 
volume  is  devoted  to  the  manufacture  of 
the  various  products  of  zinc.  Price  $6, 
postpaid;  Engineering  and  Mining  Jour- 
nal, 261  Broadway,  New  York  City;  20 
Bucklersbury,  London,  E.  C,  England. 


September  26,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


212 


|  Obituary.  "  | 

*  * 

B  F.  MORLEY,  manager  of  the  Buena 
Vista  smelter,  at  Buena  Vista,  Colo.,  and 
of  the  Mary  Murphy  mine  at  Romley, 
and  Adolph  Abrahamsoo,  superintendent 
of  the  mine,  were  killed  by  foul  air  while 
making  an  Inspection  of  the  mine  work- 
ings on  the  22nd  Inst.  Their  bodies  were 
recovered  later.  It  Is  supposed  the  air  In 
the  mine  had  been  vitiated  by  powder 
gas  The  property  Is  not  operated  at 
night  and  there  were  no  other  men  in  the 
mine  when  Manager  Morley  and  Superin- 
tendent Abrahamson  were  making  their 
tour  of  Inspection. 

John  F.  Blandy  died  at  Prescott, 
Ariz.,  Sept.  17,  from  a  complication  of 
diseases.  He  had  long  been  In  ill  health. 
He  was  born  In  Newark,  Del.,  April  24, 
1833.  He  received  his  education  at  Frei- 
berg, Saxony.  He  was  engaged  In  min- 
ing In  Lake  Superior  region  for  several 
years.  In  1881  he  removed  to  Arizona, 
which  place  has  since  been  his  home  For 
several  years  he  was  Territorial  Geologist 
of  Arizona  and  his  various  official  contri- 
butions, published  while  acting  In  that 
capacity,  are  among  the  most  valuable  of 
the  mining  literature  of  Arizona. 


New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  TJ.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors: 

FOR  WEEK  ENDING   SEPT    15,  1903. 

739,131— Fire  Kindler— J.  Aaier,  S   F. 
738.872-Saw  Sharpener— Q.  Y.  Anderson,  Dyea, 

738,752— Electric  Switch— A.  H.  Babcock,  Oak 
land,  Cal. 

738,758— Compensator— F.  G.  Baum,  Palo  Alto, 
Cal. 

738,757— Compensator— F.  G.  Baum,  Palo  Alto, 
Cal. 

738,981— Food  Container— A.  Buntenbach,  Lon- 
don, Or. 

738  983— Earth  Auger— A.  Buntenbach,  London, 
Or. 

739,058— Barrel  air  Vent— E.  R  Charles,  Peta- 
luma,  Cal. 

739,151— Shell  Decapper— M.  Chick,  San  Diego, 
Cal 

738,837— Gas  Generator— W.  S.  May,  Clifton, 
Ariz. 

739,215— Water  Meter— Potter  &  Swank,  River- 
side, Cal 

739.219-hxplosive  Engine— J.  H.  Redfleld,  Spo- 
kane, Wash. 

739,220— Explosive  Engine— J.  H.  Redfleld,  Spo- 
kane, Wash 

739,028—  A  BRADING     TOOL- J.     O.      Rollins,     Tuol- 

umne,  Cal. 
739,119— Tackle  Block— H.  W.  Stocking,  Avalon, 
Cal. 

739  234— PUMP— Z  Storch,  Alameda,  Cal. 
739,042— Sand  Pomp— M.  C.  White,  Los  Angeles, 

Cal. 
739,043 -Oil  Burner  and  Furnace— D.  C.  Wil- 

gus,  S.  F. 
7S9,248-Seal— Wood  &  Cooper,  S.  F. 


Notice  of    Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  reoently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  tj.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agenoy,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  speoial  mention: 

EARTH  AUGERS No.  738,982.    Sept.  15,  1903.    A. 

Buntenbach,  London,  Or.  This  invention  relates 
to  Improvements  in  devices  for  boring  holes  in  the 
ground  for  the  reception  of  fence  posts  and  the 
like.  Its  object  is  to  provide  an  auger  of  simple 
construction, having  means  for  feeding  constantly 
a  small  quantity  of  water  into  the  hole  to  soften 
the  earth  and  aid  in  the  boring. 

Food  Container — No.  738,981.    Sept.  15,  1903. 

A.  Buntenbach,  London,  Or.  This  invention  has 
reference  particularly  to  such  containers  as  are 
used  for  sausages;  and  its  primary  object  is  lo 
provide  a  simple  and  attractive  substitute  for  the 
gut  which  constitutes  the  ordinary  sausage  cas- 
ing; but  it  may  also  be  used  for  the  reception  and 
preservation  of  a  great  variety  of  foods  and  other 
products. 

Abrading  Tools No.  739,028.    Sept.  15, 1903.    J, 

O  Rollins,  Tuolumne,  Cal. ;  one-half  assigned  to  J. 

B.  Ferguson  of  same  place.  This  invention  is  de- 
signed to  provide  a  fully  equipped  machine  for 
shoemakers,  whereby  they  will  have  the  means  at 
hand  for  keeping  the  various  knives  and  other  tools 
in  order,  and  are  enabled,  by  means  of  the  drill  at- 
tachments, the  grinder  and  the  polisher,  to  sup- 
plement to  a  marked  degree  their  own  handicraft. 

Hydrocarbon  Burners  and  Furnaces— No. 
739,043.  Sept.  15,  1903.  D.  C.  Wllgus,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  The  general  object  of  this  invention  is 
to  render  more  practicable  the  use  of  oil  fuel  in 
conjunction  with  marine  boilers.  Specifically  its 
objects  are,  first,  to  provide  a  burner  In  which  all 
tendency  on  the  part  of  the  burner  to  clog  by 
reason  of  impurities  in  the  oil  may  be  obviated 
without  shutting  off  the  fire  or  removing  the  burner 
from  the  furnace;  secondly,  to  so  construct  the 
front  of  the  furnace  that  the  heat  is  equably  dis- 
tributed over  the  entire  area  of  the  fire  box,  while 
the  engine  room  will  be  kept  comparatively  cool. 

Seals.— No.  739,248.  Sept.  15,  1903.  L.  E  .Wood 
of-  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  C.  R.  Cooper  of  Ber- 
keley, Cal.  This  invention  relates  to  a  device  for 
sealing  cars,  rooms  and  receptacles  of  any  sort, 
and  it  is  especially  designed  for  use  upon  freight 
cars,  where  it  Is  desirable  to  seal  the  doors  to  pre- 
vent any  removing  or  tampering  of  the  goods  con- 
tained therein.  It  consists  essentially  of  a  flex- 
ible metal  strap  adapted  to  pass  through  the  hasp 
and  staple  or  lock  of  any  description  by  which  the 
door  is  secured,  and  in  a  means  for  securing 
the  ends  of  said  metal  strap,  so  that  it  cannot 
be  opened  or  removed  without  showing  that  it 
has  been  tampered  with. 


Latest    riarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  September  25,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London 
n?s&  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  sliver,  59c,  refined  (1000  line); 
San  Francisco,  59c;  Mexican  dollars,  47c 
@49c;  San  Francisco,  45Jc  New  York. 

The  present  price  of  silver  in  New  York 
and  San  Francisco  is  certainly  the  most 
encouragement  silver  men  have  had  in 
many  months.  There  are  those  who  pre- 
dict a  still  higher  price  for  the  metal  in 
the  near  future.  It  is  making  a  vast  dif- 
ference to  silver-lead  miners,  and  in  fact 
to  all  those  whose  ores  carry  silver  in  con- 
siderable quantity. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.50;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  813.50;  Elec- 
trolytic, 1  to  3  casks,  $13.50;  Cast- 
ing, 1  to  3  casks,  S13.37J;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $15.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £55  7s  6d  spot 
per  ton. 

A  slight  falling  oil  in  the  price  of  copper 
Is  noticeable,  but  these  small  fluctuations 
in  price  from  day  to  day  do  not  signify 
anything  of  importance.  The  past  week 
the  market  ha9  been  unusually  quiet, 
both  sellers  and  buyers  apparently  wait- 
ing for  something  unusual  to  turn  up. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4.50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.60,  carload  lots  ;  4}c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6},  sheet  7,  bar  5Jc;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:     £11  2a  6d    per  long  ton. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $6.00;  St 
LouIb,  $5.00 ;  London,  £21  per  ton '. 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6|c;  100-lb  lots,  7c' 

TIN.— New.  York,  pig,  $26.75@27  00; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  28Jc:  500  fbB.,  29c; 
200  fts.,  29Jc;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  $  ft,  30c 
@32c.    London,  £118  5s  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  ft  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $46.00® 
47.00;  large  lots;  London,  £8  7s  6d  ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $43@44  ft  flask  of  76* 
fts.  [Denver,  $49.50.  Export,  $42.50@43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots, 
18,75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  15.50c. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  ft  ft., 
50c  ;  dust,  ft  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  ft  ft.,  .04c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  ft  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@47c. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
7|c;  Hallett's,  6|c;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  8c ;  300  to  500  lbs.,  8Jo;  100-lb. 
lots.  10  jc. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $16.85 
@17.35;  gray  forge,  $15  35;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  ft  ft.,  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30.00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  ft. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $17.50@18.50 

Foundry  Northern  1 17.50@17.75 

Northern  2 • 17.00@17.25 

Northern  3 16. 50@16. 75 

Southern  1 16.35® 

Southerns 15.85® ■ 

Southern  3 15.35® ■ 

Forge 14.85® 

Charcoal 20.50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28.00@29.00 

Bars,  iron 1. 55® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Ralls,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1.80 

Sheets,  26  store 2.90®  3.00 

No.  27 2.90®  3.00 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1.75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 14.00@15.00 

Relaying  rails 26.00@28.00 

Dealers  forge 12.50@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  least,  net  ton 13  50@14.50 

Iron-  rails 18.00@19.00 

Car  wheels 19.00@20.00 

Cast  borings 5.50®  6.50 

Turnings 10.50@11.50 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.50 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  Bhingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,   $13.50 


for  split  and  $15.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
@35.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.60;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  perbbl. 

CEMENT.— Imported,  $2  50@2.76  ft 
bbl  ;  California  carload  lots,  $2  25  f.  o.  b. 
at  works;  small  lots,  $2.50  ft  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerlne,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  16Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
ISJc.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lota,  8Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
01.50  per  keg;  lass  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.60  per  1000;  4x,  $6.60;  6x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  (3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  (3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  18  oz.,  40a. 
lie  ft  set;  14 oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  ft  ft.;  carloads, 
23@23Jc;  in  tinB,  30c;  Boda  ash,  $2.00  ft  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  3@3}c  ft 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}cft  ft;  Cal. 
s.  BOda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40  ft  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potaBh,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  roll  sulphur,  2J@2Jc;  powdered 
sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur,  French, 
3i@3Jc ;  alum,  $2.00@2.25  ;  California  re- 
fined, l|@2c;  sulphide  of  iron,  8c  ft  ft  ; 
copper  sulphate,  6J@5|c;  chloride  of  lime, 
Bpot,  $2  50@2.76:  sulphuric  acid,  in  car- 
boys, 66%  B,  l|@2c  ft  ft.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  ft  lb. 

OILS. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  49c;  ca., 
54c ;  raw,  bbl.,  47c ;  cs.,  52c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cb,  47c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  20£e; 
Astral,  20Jc;  Star,  20Jc;  Extra  Star,  24Jc; 
Eocene,  23$c;  Elaine,  26Jc;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  14 je;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  ca.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27 Jc;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  in  ca.,  19J  c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude, 
50@60c;  Natural  White,  70c;  Bleached  do, 
75c;  Whale  Oil,  ca,  50@55c. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  fta.,  per  ft.,  6Jc;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  Jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  6 
ft.  tin  cana,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  per 
ft .   No.  1,  4@5c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less  than  500  fta.,  6Jc. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,   In  25-ft, 
@9c  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,  6@7c  per  ft 
powdered,  8@10c  ;  fused,  20@25c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  26c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  ft  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  ft  ft.,  $1.00. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
(1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,   per  ft.,  $1.75. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  ft  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  ft  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  ft  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  ft  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
PittBburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  ft  ft.,  $3.50. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION 
having  received  applications  to  mine  by  hydraulic 
process  from  Middle  Yuba  Mining  Co.,  in  La  MIna 
del  Diablo  Mine,  near  Sierra  City,  Sierra  County, 
Cal.,  draining  Into  ravine  which  drains  into  Mid- 
dle Yuba  River;  from  South  Yuba  Mining  and 
Development  Co.,  in  Melster  Mine,  near  Emigrant 
Gap.  Placer  County,  Cal.,  draining  into  Diamond 
Creek  which  reaches  Yuba  River ;  from  Toy  Kee, 
in  Fairplay  Mine,  near  Scales,  Plumas  County, 
Cal.,  draining  into  Rock  Creek,  whioh  reaches 
Yuba  River,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be 
held  at  Room  96,  Flood  Building,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,_Oot.  12,  1903,  at  1:30  p.  m. 


5  «■ 

|  Commercial  Paragraphs* 

*  ? 

The  Union  Iron  Works  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  are  furnishing  a  5-stamp  mill 
to  the  Chrystal  M  Co.,  Cottage  Grove, 
Or.,  and  a  40-stamp  mill  to  the  North 
Star,  Grass  Valley,  Cal. 

The  General  Metals  Co.,  with  offices  In 
the  Bowling  Green  Building,  11  Broad- 
way, New  York  City,  has  recently  been 
formed  to  take  over  the  rights  and  prop- 
erty of  the  Telluride  Reduction  Co.  of  the 
same  addresa,  whose  specialty  was  the  re- 
duction of  ores  by  the  bromide  process. 
The  officers  of  the  new  company  are  as 
follows:  C.  E.  Finney,  president;  J.  H. 
Hanan,  vice-president;  H.  B.  Haigh, 
treasurer,  and  A.  D.  Keep,  secretary. 
Mr.  Finney  was  for  years  connected  with 
the  American  S.  &  R.  Co.,  and  later  with 
the  Loomis-Pettlbone  Gas  Machinery  Co., 
and  Is  widely  known  throughout  the 
mining  field.  The  General  MetalB  Co.  ex- 
pects shortly  to  begin  the  erection  of 
plants  in  several  important  mining  campB 
in  this  country  and  Mexico. 


SITUATIONS  WANTED. 


ASSAYER  AND  METALLURGICAL  CHEMIST 
with  best  of  references  desires  position.    Ad- 
dress C.  W.  L.,  this  office. 


ASSAYER,   EXPERIENCED  IN    CYANIDING, 
desires  position.    References.    Address  "As- 
sayer," care  of  Mining  and  Scientlflo  Press. 


BY  EXPERIENCED  ALL  AROUND  MINE 
SUPERINTENDENT  who  is  also  a  PRAC- 
TICAL UNDERGROUND  FOREMAN,  and  will 
act  as  both  in  a  small  mine  or  in  either  capacity 
in  a  large  property  Expert  in  timbering  and 
mining  large  ore  bodies  and  catching  up  badly 
caved  workings.  Can  mine  from  the  grass  roots 
to  any  depth;  erect  and  repair  buildings,  boilers, 
mine  and  mill  machinery,  and  make  estimates. 
No  fancy  satanj  asked.  Have*  good  references. 
Address  "Confidence,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scien- 
tific Press. 


COPPER  SMELTERMAN  IS  OPEN  FOR  EN- 
gagement.  Experienced  blast  furnaceman, 
metallurgist,  assayer,  sampler,  etc.  Good  refer- 
ences.   Address  "Furnace,"  care  of  this  office. 


CYANIDER  DIRECT  FROM  THE  WAIHI  G.  M. 
Co  Ltd.,N.  Z..  wants  position.  Latest  cya- 
nide practice  Holds  certificates,  references,  etc. 
Address  B.  Dawson,  Bank  of  British  N.  America, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


MINE  SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION 
with  a  substantial  company  that  has  a  mill 
on  property.  A  qualified  mining  engineer  who  can 
run  a  mine  or  mill,  cyanide  plant,  assaying  and 
surveying.    Address  "Mining,"  this  office. 


POSITION    DESIRED    AS     DRAUGHTSMAN, 
Surveyor,  Assayer  or  Bookkeeper.  Good  refer- 
ences. AddressH.W.K.,Box74,  LongBeach.Wash. 

WANTED  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED  MINING 
Engineer  and  Manager,  a  position  as  mine 
manager  In  gold,  silver  or  copper  proposition,  with 
a  first-class  corporation.  Have  had  35  years1  ex- 
perience in  U.  S.  and  Mexico;  prefer  Mexioo. 
Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
well  acquainted  with  Mexico,  and  am  employed 
now.  Desire  a  change  between  November  and 
January  1st,  1904.  Salary  expeotfd  not  less  than 
$5000  per  annum  Can  furnish  the  best  of  refer- 
ence. Address  "Mine  Manager,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WANTED— POSITION  BY  A  MINE  SUPT.  OR 
manager  of  30  years'  experience  in  practical 
mining  and  milling;  past  17  years  spent  in  super- 
intending, managing  and  examining  mines.  Profit- 
able handling  of  low  grade  ores  a  specialty.  Cli- 
mate no  object.  References  from  first-class  com- 
panies.   Address  "Utility,"  this  office. 


YOUNG  MAN  DESIRES  POSITION  AS  MILL 
Man.  Has  had  six  years'  practloal  experience 
la  amalgamating  and  concentrating,  and  a  fair 
knowledge  of  the  operation  of  engines.  Will  give 
best  of  references  upon  application.  Address 
C.  L.  B.,  care  this  office. 


C 


HELP   WANTED. 


J 


WANTED-A  FIRST-CLASS  ASSAYER  AND 
Chemist,  one  with  a  practical  cyanide  expe- 
rience, for  position  with  a  company  owning  its 
own  property  and  50-ton  mill.  Address  C.  B.  t.. 
this  office,  stating  salary  wanted,  experience 
and  age. 


WRITE    TO    US 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL    MEN 

For  all  classes  of  work. 
5000  positions  filled  in  10  years. 

Engineering  Agency 

210  Monadnock  Block,  CHICAGO. 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


September  26, 1903. 


WANTED. 


kAe 


] 


WANTED. 

A  Double  Drum  First  Motion  Hoist  Engine,  not 
less  than  16x32  or  greater  than  20x40;  capable  of 
sinking  1500  feet  or  more.  Round  rope  preferred. 
Capping  stone  and  all  connections  required,  in- 
cluding sheaves.  All  must  be  in  first-class  condi- 
tion. Name  lowest  price  t.  o.  b.  cars.  Address 
PITTSBURGH  &  MONTANA  COPPER  CO., 
Lock  Box  No.  1098,  Butte,  Montana. 


[ 


FOR  SALE. 


MINING  PROPERTY  FOR  SALE. 

Consists  of  13,000  tons  of  tailings,  25,000  tons  of 
dump— both  good  values.  Water  for  workiDg  same. 
Situated  3  miles  from  railroad.  No  crushing  power 
required.  Guarantee  a  saving  of  80%.  Partners 
cannot  agree,  so  it  will  be  sold  cheap  Inquire  of 
James  McDermott,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  Francisco. 


NOTICE 

of  Receiver's  Sale  of  tie  Electric  Plant,  Ap- 
paratus, and  Other  Property  of  the 
Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the  Receiver,  by  ap- 
pointment of  the  District  Court  of  tbe  Second 
Judicial  District  of  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico, 
for  the  County  of  Bernalillo,  in  that  certain  cause 
pending  therein  wherein  Raymond  P.  Ripley  and 
others  are  defendants,  will,  under  and  by  virtue  of 
an  order  of  said  court  made  August  20,  1903,  re- 
ceive bids  for  the  purchase  and  sale  of  all  the 
property  of  the  said  Cochiti  Gold  Mining  Company, 
now  in  his  possession  as  such  receiver.  Said 
property  consists  of  a  complete  cyanide  mill  of 
two  hundred  and  fifty  tons  capacity,  built  of  struc- 
tural iron,  various  other  buildings  such  as  stores, 
boarding  house,  store  house,  bunk  houses,  etc  ,  etc. 
The  machinery  consists  of  dry  crushing  apparatus, 
Davis  and  Allis  finishing  rolls,  twenty  strel  leach- 
ing tanks  of  two  hundred  and  one  hundred  and 
thirty  tons  capacity;  also  sixteen  thousand  dol- 
lars worth  of  mining  and  mill  supplies;  office  fur- 
niture, etc.  And  also,  situated  at  Madrid,  N.  M  , 
an  electric  power  plant  and  structural  steel  build- 
ing, one  eight  hundred  horse  power  engine,  one  600 
K.  W.  generator,  complete  switches  etc.,  etc.,  for 
a  twenty-thousand-volt  transmission,  and  other 
property  such  as  is  generally  us^d  in  connection 
with  such  a  mill  run  by  electricity,  including  one 
hundred  miles  of  copper  transmission  wire. 

Also  the  Albemarle,  Pamlico,  Huron,  Ontario 
patented  mining  properties,  and  tbe  TJ.  M.  C.  and 
three-fourths  interest  in  the  Red  Cloud,  containing 
in  all  almost  one  hundred  acres  and  having  five 
thousand  feet  on  the  strike  of  the  vein.  These 
mines  and  the  mills  ere  situated  at  Albemarle, 
Sandoval  County,  New  Mexico,  twenty-four  miles 
from  Thornton  on  the  A.  T.  &  S.  F.  Ry.— the  other 
property  at  Madr  d  on  said  railway. 

Bids  will  be  received  b'  the  undersigned  for  the 
sale  of  said  property,  or  any  part  thereof,  for  sixty 
days  from  the  date  of  this  not'ce  For  the  Madrid 
power  plant  property,  and  the  electrical  machin- 
ery, bids  must  be  itemized,  fixing  the  price  to  be 
paid  upon  each  separate  article;  and,  also,  sepa- 
rate bids  must  be  submitted  for  the  wire,  on  ac- 
count of  conflicting  interests  in  the  property.  The 
buildings  and  other  property  may  be  removed  by 
purchasers  from  the  premises  on  which  they  are 
located. 

A  reasonable  deposit,  certified  check  or  cash. 
must  accompany  each  bid  as  a  guaranty  of  good 
faith  and  responsibility. 

Lists  of  the  property  and  all  other  information 
requested  will  be  furnished  upon  application  to 
the  Receiver.  WILLIAM  SPENCER, 

Receiver. 
P.  O.  Address:    Albuquerque,  New  Mexico. 

August  21, 1903. 


THE 
WOOD 
ROCK 
DRILLS 

are  built  to  bs  "Cleaned  up  with 
a  sledge  hammer"  and  "Wiped 
off  with  a  scoop  shovel"  and  still 
"Stay  with  j  ou." 

They  drill  faster,  last  longer, 
and  cost  less  for  repairs  than  any 
other. 

Write  for  catalog. 

Robert  J.  Wood, 

31  S.  Canal  St.,  CHICAGO. 


ASSESSMENT   NOTICES, 


LARKIN  MINING  COMPANY.- LOCATION  OF 
principal  place  of  business.  San  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia; location  of  works,  El  Dorado  County,  near 
Placervllle,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  2  st  day  of  Septem- 
ber. 1903,  an  aBeessment  (No.  15)  of  two  and  one-half 
(2>g)  cents  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in 
United  Slates  gold  c  in  to  tbe  secretary,  at  the 
office  of  the  company,  112  Main  street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  en  the  26th  day  of  October,  1903,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  Bale  at  public  auc- 
tion: and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  MONDAY,  the  ltiih  day  of  November.  1903. 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

N.  F.  REMINGTON,  Secretary. 

Office— 112  Main  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 


INYO  MARBLE]  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA.- 
Locatlon  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Notice  la  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  ]8th  day  of  August, 
1903,  an  assessment  (No.  37)  of  five  (5)  cents  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  Block  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States  gold 
coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company, 
room  30,  fifth  floor,  MIUb  Building,  San  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  Btock  upon  which  this  assessment  Bhall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  15th  day  of  October.  1903,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  November, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with 
the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHARLES  E.  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  30,  fifth  floor.  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco.  California. 


WILLIETTA  MINING  AND  MILLING  COMPANY. 
—Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San  Fran- 
cisco. California;  location  of  works,  near  Jackson- 
ville. Tuoiumne  County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  19th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903.  an  assessment  (No.  7)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
sha'e  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  Statps  gold 
ciin.  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  23'1.  Crocker  Building,  corner  Post  and  M  arket 
streets,  tan  FranciBCO.  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  27th  day  of  October,  1903.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  TUESDAY,  the  17th  day  of  November.  1903, 
to  pay  tbe  de  inquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
coats  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

E.  MCALLISTER,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  233,  Crocker  Building,  corner  Post 
and  Market  Btreets,  San  Francisco,  California. 

(^"Prompt  payment  is  requested. 


GOLDEN  WEST  MINING  AND  MILLING  COM- 
pany. — Location  of  general  place  of  bus'ness, 
San  Francisco.  California;  location  of  works. 
Tuolumne    County,  California. 

Notice  1b  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meetine  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  11th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
snare  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, 123  California  St.,  Room  423,  San  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  24th  day  of  October,  1903.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  November 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together 
with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHAS.  BOVONH,  Secretary. 

Office— 123  California  St.,  Room  423,  San  Francisco 
California. 


EUREKA  CONSOLIDATED  DRIFT  MINING 
Company.— Location  of  principal  place  of  business 
San  Francisco,  California ;  location  of  works,  Placer 
County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  15th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  3S)  of  one-half  (J<)  cent 
per  Bhare  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany. Room  31,  214  Pine  street,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  Btock  upon  which  this  assessment  Bhall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  17th  day  of  October,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  1b  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  7th  day  of  November.  1903, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
costB  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  W.  DIXON.  Secretary. 

Office— 214  Pine  Btreet,  Room  31,  San  Francisco. 
California. 


W    &    P.    PAINT. 

Good  for  any  purpose  where  black 
paint  is  required;  for  inside  or  outside 
of  tanks  for  cyanide  and  chlorine 
solutions;  for  floors,  sinks,  and  wash 
tra>s;  for  insulating;  for  timber  or 
roof  preserving;  for  damp  course  for 
walls;  for  boilers,  fronts,  stacks,  or 
other' iron  work;  for  anything  or  any 
place  needing  preservation  from  cor- 
rosion, dampness,  rust  or  decay.  Un- 
affected by  acids  or  alkalis.  Odor- 
less, and  safely  applied.  Dries  quickly 
and  is  tough  and  durable.  Lowest 
in  price;  best,  irrespective  of  price. 
If  interested  let  us  send  3  ou 
sample.  PACIFIC  REFINING  & 
ROOFING  CO.,  113  JSew  Mont- 
gomery St.,  San  Francisco. 


The  American  Metal  Co. 

LIMITED. 

52  Broadway,    -    NEW  YORK. 

Security  Building,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

BULLION,   MATTES,  ORES, 
of  every  description. 

COPPER,    TIN,     LEAD,    SPELTER, 
ANTIMONY,  NICKEL. 


Agents  for 

Henry  R.  Merton  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  London. 
MetaHgesellschaft,  Frankfort-on-Main. 
Metallurgische   Gesellschalt,  Frankfort-on- 

Maln. 
Balbach  S.  &  R.  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J. 
Societe  le  Nickel,  Paris 


ORE  SAMPLE 
GRINDER... 

Acknowledged  to  be 
tbe  Best  Grinder  Made. 
SEVERAL  hundred 
now  in  use  at  the  dif- 
ferent Smelters  and 
Sampling  Works. 


Write  for  particulars  to 

The  Engelbach  Mach.  Mfg.  Co.,  UA3?l££> 


HENRY  CAREY  BAIKD  &  CO., 
lNDDSTHlAJLPtrBLI8HEBB,BOOKSBLLB!RSAIMP0aTERS, 

SIO  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Fa.,  IT.  S.  A. 

ty  Our  New  and  Revised.  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  92  pages,  8vo.;  a  Catalogue  of  Books  on 
Metallurgy,  Mining,  Prospecting,  Mineralogy,  Geology, 
Assaying,  Analysis,  etc-;  a  Catalogue  of  Boohs  on  Steam 
and  the  Steam  Engine,  Machinery,  etc.',  a  Catalogue  of 
Books  on  Sanitary  Science,  Qas  Fitting,  Plumbing,  etc., 
and  our  other  Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering 
every  branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  th*  world  who 
will  furnish  his  address- 

A  Valuable  Book  on  an  Important  Subject. 


Brannt's  Metallic  Alloys. 

The  Metallic  Alloys:  A  Practical  Guide  for  the 
Manufacture  of  all  ktndB  of  Alloys,  AmalgamB,  and 
Solders,  used  by  Metal  Workers;  together  with 
their  Chpmical  and  Physical  Properties  and  their 
Application  in  the  Arts  and  the  Industries;  with  an 
Appendix  on  the  Coloring-  of  Alloys  and  the  Recov- 
ery of  Waste  Metals.  Edited  by  William  T.  Brannt, 
Editor  of  the  "Techno- Chemical  Receipt  Book," 
and  "The  MMal  Worker's  Handy  Book."  Illus- 
trated by  34  EngraviDgs.  A  New.  Revised  and  En- 
larged Edition.    554  pages.    8vo.    Price 84.60 

B3?~By  mail,  free  of  postage,  to  any  address  in  the  world. 
C.  O.  D-,  freight  paid,  to  any  address  in  the  United  States. 

B3?~A7i  elaborate  Circular  of  4  pages,  quarto,  giving 
the  full  Table  of  Contents-  will  be  sent  free  of  postage  to 
any  one  in  any  part  of  the  world  furnishing  his  address. 

HENRY  CAREY  BAIKD  &  CO., 

INDUSTRIAL  PTTBLISHBRS.BOOKBELLERS&IMPORTERB, 

810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 


M  AMC  V  Developed  or  partly  devel- 

lYll/llCI  oped  which  have  Ore  In 

T  A  i\Tri\  SW-     First-class  refer- 

LUAINcl)  ences'    Established  1853. 

MIATEC  El  N'  BREITDNG  &  c°m 
iTllilEd.  Marquette,  Mich 


kDEWEY,STR0NG&C0.j 


V* PATE NTS 


'330  MARrvETST.  S.F. 


THE 


Bleichert  Wire  Rope  Tramway. 

MORE  BLEICHERT  TRAMWAYS  IN  USE  THAN  ALL  OTHERS. 


Manufactured  by 


THE  TRENTON  IRON  CO., 


Trenton,  N.  J. 


Engineers  and  Contractors  and  sole  licensees  in  North  America  for  the  Bleichert  System.  Also, 

Wire  Rope  Equipments  for  Cable  Hoist  Conveyors,  Surface  and  Underground  Haulage,  Etc. 

Illustrated  book  upon  application. 


New  York  Office—Cooper,  Hewitt  &  Co.,  17  Burling  Slip. 

Chicago  Office--1114  Monadnock  Building 
DENVER  OFFICE--R.  D.  SEYMOUR,  Manager,  1711  Tremont  St. 


ARTHUR  KOPPEL'S 

F~ORGED     STEEL 

SHOES  and  DIES 

are  of  the  right  hardness  and  toughness;  of  the 
best  quality  in  every  way.  Wear  longer  and  more 
evenly  and  crush  a  ton  of  ore  cheaper  than  any 
other.  Patterns  of  all  standard  sizes  kept  in 
stock  to  ensure  quick  delivery. 

WE  ALWAYS  CARRY  A  LARGE  STOCK  OF 

Steel  Dump  Cars;  Ore,  Mine  and  Skip  Cars; 

Steel  Rails  from  a  lbs.  up,  Turntables,  Switches,  Etc. 

Write  for  Catalogue  "f." 

ARTHUR  KOPPEL,   Dept.  6,  Manufacturer, 

66-68    BROAD    STREET,    NEW    YORK. 


Whole  No.  2254.-™^™.™-      SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY.  OCTOBER  3,  1903. 


THKKK  DOLLARS   FIR  ANNUM. 
81ncle  Ooptee,  Ten  Gents. 


The  Percentage  of  Extraction  in  Ore 
Treatment. 

The  endeavor  of  every  mill  and  smelter  man  is  to 
secure  as  high  a  percentage  of  extraction  from  the 
ore  he  treats  as  he  can  possibly  obtain  economically. 
In  former  years  the  gold  saved  from,  what  was  con- 
sidered at  that  time,  free-milling  ore,  was  often  not 
in  excess  of  60%  to  70%,  reminders  of  which  are  seen 
in  the  tailings  dumps  throughout  the  mining  regions, 
which  have  in  more  recent  time  been  retreated  by 
the  cyanide  process,  yielding  usually  from  80%  to 
over  90%  of  the  values  formerly  lost.  In  smelting 
much  the  same  thing  has  occurred.  Smelter  dumps 
are  not  usually  worked  over,  but  better  results  are 
now  obtained  in  smelting  operations  because  of 
superior  furnaces  and  advanced  methods  in  ore 
treatment. 

Concentration,  which  has  been  a  pronounced  feat- 
ure in  ore  treatment  in  Europe  for  many  years,  has 
really  only  lately  been  given  the  widespread  atten- 
tion in  the  United  States  that  its  importance  de- 
serves, and  to  concentration  is  due  much  of  the  in- 
creased percentage  of  saving.  There  has  been  no 
very  material  change  in  recent  years  in  methods  of 
amalgamation  or  in  the  construction  of  stamp  mills, 
though  the  arrangement  of  mills  has  been  improved, 
their  action  becoming  automatic  in  the  several 
stages  of  ore  crushing,  from  rock  breaker  to  concen- 
trators. The  mills  are  also  built  more  substantially 
in  most  cases  that  formerly,  but  these  factors  influ- 
ence the  co9t  of  treatment  rather  than  the  percent- 
age of  values  saved. 

After  amalgamation,  whether  inside  the  batteries, 
or  on  the  outside  plates,  the  object  is  to  save  that 
which  escapes  amalgamation.  The  modern  mill  man 
is  more  flexible  than  formerly.  If  his  values  are 
high  after  amalgamation  he  does  not  hesitate  to  ex- 
periment with  a  view  to  making  a  better  saving  by 
some  other  method.  In  former  years  he  had  fixed 
ideas  concerning  almost  everything  about  the  mill. 
He  used  a  given  amount  of  water  in  the  battery,  re- 
gardless of  any  change  in  character  of  the  ore;  the 
stamps  were  given  a  stated  height  of  drop  and  main- 
tained at  that  whether,  according  to  modern  ideas, 
it  was  the  drop  best  suited  to  the  ore  or  not.  He 
employed  a  high  or  low  discharge  and  nothing  could 
induce  him  to  change  it.  Screens  were  a  "hobby" 
and  but  one  kind  was  good — the  kind  he  used.  The 
result  of  these  "rule  of  thumb"  arrangements  was 
usually  high-grade  tailings.  And  the  higher  grade 
the  ore  the  greater  was  not  only  the  amount  but  the 
percentage  of  loss. 

In    these    days    of    modern    ideas,  and   practice, 


Derrick  Operated  by  Water  Power,  Southern  Oregon  Hydraulic  Mine.     (See  Page  216  ) 


thought  and  careful  experiment,  the  result  is  very 
different.  Often  we  find  a  larger  tonnage  being 
crushed  than  formerly,  and  the  percentage  of  loss 
much  lower,  even  in  the  battery.  Concentrating 
machines  have  been  greatly  improved  and  many  de- 
vices to  secure  the  highest  possible  results  have  been 
introduced — among  them  hydraulic  sizers,  which 
make  the  saving  of  the  valuable  contents  of  the  ore, 
usually  sulphide  minerals  of  high  specific  gravity,  a 
matter  of  easy  accomplishment,  the  machines  and 
auxiliary  devices  working  automatically.  Each  of 
these  mechanical  contrivances,  whether  a  form  of 
Spitzkasten  or  a  concentrating  machine,  are  subject 
to  adjustment,  and  this  feature  adapts  them  to  many 
variations  in  the  ore. 

After  amalgamation  and  concentration,  although 
over  80%  of  the  values  have  been 
extracted,  there  still  remains  in 
many  cases  sufficient  value  to  just- 
ify additional  treatment  by  eyani- 
dation,  and  this  branch  of  metal- 
lurgy has  added  largely  to  the  out- 
put of  the  gold  mines  within  rtcint 
years.  Not  only  are  additional 
values  saved    from    the   ore  as   it 


comes  from  the  mills  from  day  to  day,  but  the  old 
tailings  dumps,  which  for  many  years  possessed  no 
available  value,  have  been  successfully  treated. 

In  every  branch  of  ore  reduction  the  same  constant 
effort  is  being  made  to  save  a  higher  and  still  higher 
percentage  of  values;  but  there  is  a  limit  beyond 
which  the  mill  man  can  not  go  with  satisfactory  eco- 
nomic results.  Wherever  the  cost  of  securing  a 
higher  percentage  of  extraction  exceeds  the  vclue  of 
the  result  obtained,  the  limit  of  economy  has  been 
reached,  and  this  principle  is  equally  applicable, 
whether  it  be  in  reducing  the  cost  of  smelting,  of 
saving  the  ultimate  atom  of  free  gold  in  the  battery, 
in  an  attempt  to  extract  a  few  additional  cents 
per  ton  by  the  cyanide  process  or  by  any  other 
method. 


Hydraulic  Mine  in  Operation. 


(See  Pagel216.) 


Pipe  Line  Crossing  Stream,  Southern  Oregon. 


214 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

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San  Francisco,  October  3,  (903. 


TABLE   OF   CONTENTS. 


illustrations: 

Derrick  Operated  by  Water  Power,  Southern  Oregon  Hydrau 


Page. 


Hydraulic  MiDe  in  Operation 213 

Pipe  Line  Crossing  Stream,  Southern  Oregoi 213 

Section  Vandalia  Mine,  El  D  rado  County,  Cal 217 

Ingersoll-Sergeant  Pile  Driver 217 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 218 

Drift  Timberir  g 219 

Oil  Fuel  Melting  Furnace 221 

Automatic  Pulp  Sampler 222 

editorial: 

The  Percentage  of  Extraction  in  Ore  Treatment 213 

Parsimonious  Economy 214 

Mining  in  Mexico 214 

Cheap  Mining  and  Milling 214 

The  Cr  pple  Creek  Str:ke 214 

228 

223-224-225-226-227 


latest  market  reports 

mining  summary 

miscellaneous: 

Concentrates 215 

Hydraulic  Mining  in  Southern  Oregon 216 

Knocking  in  Steam  Engines 216 

■  Some  Structural  Features  of  the  California  Gold  Belt 216 

Cost  of  Shaft  Sinking  on  the  Hand 217 

Improved  Method  of  Pile  Driving 217 

The  Metallurgy  of  the  Homestake  Ore 217 

MiDing  and  Metallurgical  Patents 218 

Drift  Timbering 219 

Testing  Methods  in  tbe  Physical   Examination  .of  Portland 

Cements 220 

Some  Notes  on  the  Use  or  Fuel  Oil 221 

Copper  Production  in  1902 221 

Ore  Deposits  of  the  Northern  Blaok  Hills 221 

An  Automatio  Pulp  Sampler 222 

Prices  Paid  for  Silver-Lead  Ores 222 

Personal 227 

Catalogues  Received 228 

Commercial  Paragraphs  228 

Books  Received 228 

Obituary 228 

New  Patents 228 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 228 


Parsimonious  Economy. 


The  policy  pursued  by  some  mine  superintendents, 
and  often  by  explicit  order  of  the  board  of  directors, 
that  of  keeping  the  mill  running  at  all  hazards,  is 
almost  suicidal  in  an  undeveloped  mine.  The  mine 
being  unable  to  promptly  and  continuously  supply  ore 
to  the  mill  to  its  full  capacity,  any  attempt  to  run 
the  mill  necessitates  a  method  of  operating  the  mine 
entirely  at  variance  with  the  best  practice.  The 
mine  should  be  opened  systematically  in  order  that 
the  best  and  most  economical  methods  may  be  em- 
ployed. Drifts  must  be  run  to  determine  the  extent 
of  the  ore  bodies;  raises  must  be  driven  to  render  the 
ore  bodies  easily  and  cheaply  available;  ventilation 
must  be  provided;  chutes  built  and  much  other  pre- 
paratory work  done,  that  the  stoping  which  follows 
may  be  carried  on  as  rapidly  as  possible  and  at  the 
least  cost.  This  same  demand  for  immediate  divi- 
dends from  ore  blocked  out,  without  expending  any 
portion  of  the  money  gained  from  it,  in  the  further 
development  of  the  mine,  usually  results  in  the  early 
closing  of  the  mine  upon  the  ore  in  sight  being  ex- 
hausted. There  are  numerous  instances  of  the  un- 
fortunate result  of  this  short-sighted  policy  in  almost 
every  mining  district.  It  should  be  the  endeavor  of 
the  management  to  so  work  and  develop  the  mine 
that  for  each  ton  of  ore  extracted  at  least  one  other 
should  be  exposed  in  the  reserves.  Of  course  where 
no  ore  exists  none  can  be  developed  by  any  amount 
of  dead  work,  but  too  often  no  development  is  done 
where  it  is  subsequently  shown  there  was  abundance 
of  ore,  and  the  mine  is  closed  in  consequence,  it  re- 
maining for  some  other  manager  or  superintendent 
to  discover  it  through  the  medium  of  practical 
methods  and  a  system  of  exploration  which  must  pro- 
duce results,  good  or  bad.  Economy  which  is  parsi- 
monious and  short-sighted  is  extravagance,  and  is  as 
much  to  be  censured  as  any  other  wasteful  use  of 
available  funds. 


Mining  in  Mexico. 

The  production  of  gold  in  Mexico  has  risen  with 
the  introduction  of  American  capital.  In  1877-78  it 
was  about  $746,000,  and  in  1880-81  had  increased  to 
over  $1,000,000.  From  that  date  up  to  1890-91  it 
ranged  between  $650,000  and  $1,000,000,  but  in  1892 
it  began  to  show  a  material  increase,  being  that  year 
$1,075,637.  Since  then  a  large  amount  of  American 
capital  has  gone  into  Mexico,  and  the  output  has  in- 
creased steadily  until  the  present.  In  1901-02  it  was 
reported  by  the  treasury  department  of  the  republic 
to  have  been  $9,932,676.  It  is  thought  the  output 
for  the  year  1902-03  will  exceed  $11,000,000.  The 
silver  production  during  the  same  period,  1877  to 
1902,  has  steadily  increased  from  $24,836,903  in 
1877-78  to  $72,530,983  in  the  years  1901-02.  Sta- 
tistics for  1903  are  not  yet  available,  but  in  1902 
Mexico  imported  copper  ore  and  matte  to  the  value 
of  $10,000,000.  A  decade  earlier  the  importation  of 
copper  was  less  than  $100,000.  During  this  period 
Mexico's  shipments  into  the  United  States  of  bar 
and  ingot  copper  has  risen  from  $84,000  to  nearly 
$3,750,000. 

Exports  of  iron  and  steel  from  the  United  States 
into  Mexico  have  increased  very  largely,  machinery 
alone  increasing  from  $1,500,000  in  1892  to  over 
$7,000,000  in  1902. 

The  mineral  resources  of  Mexico  are  very  extensive, 
and  although  her  mines  have  been  worked  for  nearly  400 
years,  there  still  remains  a  large  extent  of  territory 
almost  unknown.  The  Mexicans  have  always  worked 
the  silver  ores  successfully,  and  also  the  high-grade 
gold  ores,  but  the  large  masses  of  low-grade 
ores  have  waited  for  centuries  for  the  advent  of 
American  miners,  with  modern  methods  of  mining 
and  milling  to  make  them  available  at  a  profit.  Deep 
mining,  too,  has  been  practically  confined  to 
the  operations  of  foreign  companies.  It  is  true 
there  are  great  shafts  in  Mexico,  sunk  to  a  depth  of 
2000  feet  or  more  by  native  labor,  under  the  direction 
of  native  engineers,  but  these  mines  are  almost  dry. 
A  large  inflow  of  water  has  always  stopped  native 
mining  operations,  no  matter  how  rich  the  ore. 
Small  quantities  of  water  they  could  take  care  of  by 
bailing,  or  even  packing  the  water  out  as  they  do 
ore,  but  beyond  a  few  hundred  gallons  daily  their 
means  of  combatting  it  did  not  extend.  There  are 
many  opportunities  in  Mexico  today  in  mining,  but 
it  must  not  be  supposed  that  really  good  mines  are 
more  numerous  there  than  they  have  been  or  are  still 
in  the  mining  regions  of  the  United  States.  There  are 
many  poor  mines  in  Mexico,  as  there  are  in  every 
other  mining  region,  but  capital  has  been  looking  in 
the  direction  of  Mexico  for  some  time  past,  and  a 
large  number  of  American  enterprises  are  stated  to 
be  on  a  secure  and  profitable  basis  in  that  republic, 
more  so  than  at  any  time  in  the  past. 

One  of  the  causes  which  has  led  to  this  exodus  of 
capital  from  the  United  States  to  Mexico  is  the  long- 
continued  labor  troubles  which  have  disturbed  min- 
ing investments  in  the  United  States.  There  are 
neither  labor  unions  nor  strikes  in  Mexico,  and  it  is 
doubtful  if  that  republic  will  permit  labor  organiza- 
tions to  tie  up  the  mining  industry  as  it  has  done  and 
is  doing  at  present  in  the  United  States.  Probably 
the  government  would  take  no  cognizance  of  the 
unionizing  of  the  workmen,  nor  would  it  endeavor  to 
prevent  the  miners  when  organized  from  quitting 
work  singly  or  in  a  body,  but  the  test  would  come 
when  the  strikers  undertook  to  prevent  others  from 
working.  All  are  familiar  with  the  summary  punish- 
ment of  offenders  against  the  government  in  that 
country,  and  it  is  not  likely  that  belligerent  strikers 
would  succeed  in  carrying  out  their  plans  in  Mexico 
without  a  conflict  with  the  government,  and  that 
would  mean  defeat. 


Cheap  nining  and  Hilling. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Consolidated  Mercur  Gold 
Mines  Co.  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  for  the  fiscal  year 
ended  June  30,  1903,  shows  that  satisfactory  pro- 
gress has  been  made  in  reducing  the  cost  of  the 
treatment  of  their  ore.  A  slimes  plant  is  being  in- 
stalled, and  the  cost  of  ore  treatment,  which  was 
reduced  from  $3.50  during  the  previous  year  to  $2.88, 
will  probably  be  still  further  reduced.  The  new  pro- 
cess will  also  be  employed  in  the  treatment  of  the 
old  tailings  dumps.     During  the  year  346,359  tons  of 


ore  were  treated  at  a  cost  for  mining  and  milling  of 
$2.88  per  ton;  the  expense  of  mining  being  $1.30  per 
ton  and  of  milling  $1.58,  showing  that  as  cheap  mining 
and  milling  can  be  accomplished  in  Utah  as  in  some 
other  States  where  costs  are  generally  believed  to 
have  reached  a  bedrock  figure.  In  one  of  the  com- 
pany's mills  55,099  tons  of  tailings  were  treated  by 
cyanidation  for  49  cents  per  ton,  which  is  also  a  low 
cost  for  this  method  of  treatment.  The  cost  at  the 
large  plant  of  the  Homestake  at  Lead  City,  S.  D., 
where  about  1200  tons  are  treated  daily,  is  stated  to 
be  $0  353.  The  costs  in  the  large  plants  of  the 
Rand,  South  Africa,  range  from  $0  55  to  $0.72  per  ton. 


The  Cripple  Creek  Strike. 

While  the  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  region  is  not  under 
martial  law,  the  military  authorities  have  found  it 
necessary  to  handle  the  strike  situation  there  in  a 
vigorous  manner,  owing  to  the  apparent  apathy  of 
the  civil  authorities  in  that  district.  Many  have  ob- 
jected strenuously  to  Governor  Peabody's  sending 
the  militia  to  Cripple  Creek,  claiming  that  there  was 
no  disorder  there,  and  consequently  no  necessity  for 
troops.  It  is  true  there  had  been  but  small  show  of 
violence  in  the  district  prior  to  the  arrival  of  the 
militia,  and  but  little  since. 

The  mine  operators  were  anxious  to  continue  work 
in  the  mines,  as  many  of  them  would  sustain  great 
loss  individually,  and  nearly  the  entire  district  would 
be  seriously  damaged  if  the  water  were  permitted  to 
raise  in  the  workings.  Anticipating  by  past  experi- 
ence the  result  of  any  attempt  on  their  part  to  re- 
sume work  in  any  of  the  mines  where  the  union  men 
had  been  called  out,  by  filling  the  places  of  the 
strikers  with  non-union  miners,  the  mine  operators 
called  upon  the  chief  executive  of  the  State  for  the 
protection  they  had  reason  to  believe  would  be 
denied  by  the  civil  authorities.  Under  military  pro- 
tection non-union  men  from  the  Cripple  Creek  dis- 
trict, Minnesota  iron  districts,  from  Joplin,  Mo.,  and 
from  other  places  are  now  at  work  to  the  number  of 
nearly  1000. 

The  radical  and  arbitrary  methods  of  the  Western 
Federation  are  not  at  all  in  favor  with  the  mine  own- 
ers and  operators  of  Cripple  Creek  district,  and 
notice  has  been  issued  that  hereafter  no  Western 
Federation  man  can  find  employment  in  any  of  the 
mines  where  they  have  called  out  their  men.  In  line 
with  this  sentiment  and  action,  the  Gold  Coin  Co., 
employing  260  Western  Federation  men,  on  the  30  th 
ult.  notified  the  miners  that  they  must  leave  the 
Western  Federation.  A  strike  was  immediately 
called,  all  of  the  men  promptly  responding.  There 
appears  to  be  no  good  reason  for  the  present  strike 
in  Cripple  Creek  district.  The  mines  were  paying 
the  wages,  and  working  the  hours  demanded  by  the 
Western  Federation  of  Miners.  The  trouble  began 
several  weeks  ago  when  the  mill  men  at  Colorado 
City  struck.  As  the  Cripple  Creek  mines  were  send- 
ing ore  to  these  mills,  the  miners  undertook  to  sup- 
port the  cause  of  the  striking  mill  men  by  declaring 
a  strike  at  all  of  the  mines  shipping  ore  to  the  mills 
at  Colorado  City.  The  strike  for  some  weeks  was 
effective,  but  gradually  the  operators  have  been 
able  to  secure  a  force  sufficient  to  keep  the  mines 
clear  of  water,  and  a  large  tonnage  of  ore  is  going 
out  daily. 

In  this  strike,  as  in  most  others,  the  minority  is 
dominant.  A  large  percentage  of  members  of  the 
union  do  not  favor  the  strike,  but  loyalty  to  their 
organization  causes  them  to  accept  the  ultimatum, 
and  join  the  minority.  It  is  said  that  many  of  the 
miners  out  on  strike  actually  do  not  know  why  the 
strike  was  called,  but  supposing  it  to  be  for  the 
"good  of  the  cause,"  blindly  follow  their  leaders. 
The  ultimate  outcome  of  this  strike  is  already  in 
sight;  the  Western  Federation  will  lose,  not  only  the 
strike  but  also  opportunity  to  work  in  Cripple  Creek 
district  again.  Many  of  the  men  as  individuals  may 
possibly  be  taken  back,  but  only  after  they  have  for- 
saken the  banners  of  the  Western  Federation. 

In  Arizona,  California  and  southern  Nevada  the 
strike  situation  is  practically  unchanged.  Many 
mines  are  still  idle  owing  to  these  difficulties,  and  a 
few  which  had  been  closed  down  are  again  in  oper- 
ation with  non-union  men.  The  most  prominent  of 
these  is  the  Yellow  Aster  mine,  near  Eandsburg, 
Cal.,  where  about  200  non-union  men  have  been 
brought  in  by  the  management. 


October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


215 


9 9 

CONCENTRATES. 

b o 


Chloride  of  gold  Is  wholly  an  artificial  product  and 
so  far  as  known  does  not  exist  In  nature. 
* 
The  green  scaly  mineral  on   the  rock  from  Columbia, 
Cal.,   is   neither  nickel    nor  copper,    but   a    variety    of 
chrome  mica. 

* 
It  requires  about  sixteen  sacks  of  ordinary  size  of 
clean  iron  sulphurets  to  weigh  one  ton.     This  will  vary 
with  the  amount  of  moisture  present. 
* 
The   suction   hose  of  mine  pumps  are   wound    with 
strong  steel  flat  wire  to  prevent  collapse  of  the  hose  by 
reason   of  atmospheric   pressure   when   the  pump  Is  in 
operation. 

* 
Both   band   and   post  brakes  are  efficient  on  hoisting 
engines,    but   most    engineers    prefer    the    post    brake. 
Brakes  of  this  type  are  found  on  nearly  all  large  hoisting 
engines. 

* 

Oil  concentration  is  being  practiced  at  a  number  of 
localities,  but  all  of  these  plants  are  not  working  by  the 
same  process,  as  there  are  Beveral  processes  which  claim 
to  be  efficient. 

ft 

Many  copper  mines  of  value  show  little  or  no  trace  of 
copper  in  the  surface  outcrop.  Some  of  the  largest  Iron 
gossans  under  which  lie  great  masses  of  copper  ore  show 

no  copper  at  the  surface. 

ft 

The  white  lime-like  mineral   from   Borate,  Cal.,  Is  a 
silicate  of  alumina  (clay)   with  some  lime  and  magnesia, 
and  a  small  amount  of  Iron.     It  also  contains  sodium 
chloride;  no  borax  mineral. 
ft 

Hoisting  ropes  should  be  kept  well  lubricated,  and 
occasionally  cleaned  and  carefully  examined  to  see  that 
the  rope  is  in  good  condition.   Crude  petroleum  has  been 
used  with   satisfactory  results  at  some  California  mines. 
ft 
The  pump  rod  of  a  jackhead  or  Cornish  pump  may 
be  made  to  operate  In  a  shaft  where  the  angle  of  inclina- 
tion changes,  if  the  angle  be  not  too  great,  but  an  angle 
not  too  sharp  for  skips  to  travel  will  probably  not  be 
found  too  great  for  angle  pump  rods, 
ft 
The  exhaust  of  a  steam  mine  pump  need  not  be  car- 
ried to  the  surface.     It  can  be  condensed  in  the  suction 
hose.      The  open  exhaust  of  steam  into  mine  workings 
where   there   are  timbers  is  detrimental  to  the  timbers, 
causing  them  to  rot  quickly.     Poorly   ventilated  work- 
ings also  cause  timbers  to  rot  quickly, 
ft 
A   crosshead  is  useful    in    shaft    sinking    where  a 
bucket  Is  used  In  hoisting.     It   keeps  the  bucket  from 
swinging  and  makes  it  possible  to  run  more  rapidly  than 
would  be  safe  without  its  use.     The  crosshead  should  be 
at  least  twice  as  long  as  Its  width  between  the  guides,  to 
prevent  becoming  jammed  in  a  shaft, 
ft 
The  chemical  symbol  for  potassium  cyanide  is  KCN, 
or  KCy.     Potassium  cyanide  Is  prepared  by  fusing  in  an 
iron   crucible   a  mixture  of  eight   parts   dry  potassium 
ferro-cyanide  with  three  parts  dry  potassium  carbonate. 
When  the  evolution  of   carbon  dioxide  ceases  the  fused 
mixture  is  poured  into  an  Iron  mould.   This  produces  the 
commercial  cyanide  of  potassium. 
ft 
Silver-lead  ores  are  those  In  which  lead,  either  as 
galena  or  carbonate  of  lead,   are  an  Important  constitu- 
ent, together  with  silver  values.     TheBe  ores   often   also 
contain  iron  and  zinc  and  sometimes  copper.     In  many 
Instances  the  zinc  content  increases  with  depth,  replac- 
ing the  lead,  and  the  copper  values  often  disappear  to  a 
greater  or  less  extent,  iron  sulphide  taking  its  place. 
ft 
Ores  are  not  being  commercially  reduced  by  electricity 
so  far  as  Concentrates  knows,  though  mineral  substanceB 
not  recognized,  popularly  speaking,  as  ores,  are  treated  in 
electric  furnaces,  and  various  substances  manufactured. 
Among  these  are  the  metal  aluminum  and  the  abrasive 
mineral  carborundum.     The  cost  of  producing  power  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  In  large  plants  has  been  estimated  at 
$20  per  year  per  horse  power. 
ft 
Ores  of  copper  contain  as  high  as  82%  metallic  copper 
— this  being  cuprite,  the  red  oxide,  but  copper  oreB  rep- 
resenting the  run  of  mine — not  selected,    seldom  exceed 
an  average  of  25%,  and  in  fact  rarely   reach  it  In  large 
amount.    There  are  more  copper  mines  working  on  ore 
running  less  than  10%  copper  than   there  are  over  it. 
Some  copper  mines  are  profitably  worked  on  a  very  low 
percentage  of  metal  owing  to  favorable  conditions  for 
mining  and  reduction  of  the  ores. 
ft 
The  small  pebbles   from   Greatervllle,  Arizona,  are  of 
two  kinds.    The  black,  hard   pebbles  are  iron  ore,  and 
probably  of  no  value  where  found.    The  others  consist  of 
galena  with  sulphate  and  carbonate  of  lead,  and,  If  they 
can  be  saved  separately,  probably  constitute  a  valuable 
ore.    The  lead  ore  Is  of  higher  specific  gravity  than  the 
iron  ore,   and   should  be  separated   without   difficulty. 
Possibly  the  two  kinds  of  ore  may  be  shipped  together 


at  a  profit,  as  the  Iron  would  make  a   valuable   flux  for 
smelters.     If  there  Is  enough  of  this  material  obtained  In 
sluicing,  samples  should  be  sent  to  smelters  with  inquiry 
as  to  what  they  will  pay  for  the  ore  In  quantity. 
ft 

It  Is  more  expensive  to  stope  and  handle  ore  In  a  vein 
having  a  dip  of  less  than  35°  than  In  one  where  the  dip  Is 
40°  or  over,  for  the  reason  that  the  rock  will  not  run  by 
gravity  on  a  rock  slope  of  less  than  35°,  and  much  shov- 
eling becomes  necessary.  In  such  a  mine  It  Is  economy 
to  drive  the  levels  rather  closer  than  In  a  steep  vein.  In 
some  veins  of  high  angle  of  dip,  the  levels  are  run  150  to 
200  feet  apart.  In  a  flat  vein,  such  as  above  referred  to, 
the  levels  should  not  be  over  60  to  75  feet  apart, 
ft 

A  direct  acting  hoisting  engine,  sometimes  called 
first-motion  hoist,  Is  one  In  which  the  piston  rod  Is  con- 
nected directly  with  the  main  shaft  of  the  hoisting  reel, 
by  means  of  a  crank.  In  a  machine  of  this  type  each 
stroke  and  return  of  the  piston  makes  one  complete  rev- 
olution of  the  hoisting  reel.  Other  types  of  steam  hoist 
are  those  run  by  gearing,  and  those  operated  by  means 
of  friction  wheels.  Water  holBts  are  either  geared  or  of 
the  friction  type.  Hoisting  reels  are  not  driven  by  belts. 
ft 

The  open-sight  compass  Is  an  Instrument  by  means  of 
which  fairly  accurate  land  surveying  may  be  done  by  any 
one  who  has  the  neceBsary  experience  In  this  work.  The 
magnetic  needle  Is  of  little  use  under  ground,  owing 
to  the  numerous  objects,  natural  and  artificial,  which  de- 
flect the  needle.  In  view  of  this  all  underground  sur- 
veying Is  done  by  means  of  the  plate  and  vernier,  the 
magnetic  needle  being  employed  occasionally  as  a  check, 
though  for  the  reasons  above  Btated  It  is  not  reliable 
even  for  that  purpose. 

ft 

When  Bteam  is  turned  into  a  pipe  line  containing 
water,  the  temperature  of  which  is  lower  than  that  of 
steam,  some  of  the  steam  may  be  condensed,  forming  a 
partial  vacuum.  This  causes  the  water  to  be  forced 
violently  In  the  direction  of  the  reduced  pressure,  and  a 
loud  hammering  of  the  pipe  (water  hammer)  Is  heard. 
This  may  proceed  to  such  an  extent  as  to  do  material 
damage  to  the  line.  To  prevent  water  hammer  the 
steam  line  should  be  well  drained,  and  when  the  steam  Is 
turned  off  the  engineer  should  see  that  the  vents  are 
open,  that  no  water  may  condense  and  accumulate  in  the 
pipes. 

ft 

The  telluride  contents  of  ores  are  not  easily  concen- 
trated by  any  simple  process  of  hydraulic  classification. 
However,  after  crushing  the  ore  and  passing  It  over  belt 
or  table  concentrators,  It  should  be  run  through  spltz- 
kasten  (hydraulic  classifiers)  and  the  separate  products 
retreated  on  special  belt  machines.  The  tailings  might 
then  be  run  over  carefully  constructed  canvas  tables. 
But  with  all  of  these  precautions  the  loss  is  considerable. 
Telluride  ores  are  generally  rich  enough  to  be  shipped 
at  a  profit,  or  treated  by  some  modification  of  the  cya- 
nide process. 

Where  two  shafts  on  a  mine  are  nearly  at  the  same 
level  at  the  surface,  natural  ventilation  is  likely  to  be 
unsatisfactory.  It  may  be  Improved  by  building  over 
one  of  the  compartments  of  a  shaft  an  air-tight  struc- 
ture extending  upward  30  feet  or  more.  The  condition 
can  be  still  further  Improved  If  the  compartments  of  the 
shafts  be  brattlced — made  air  tight.  In  some  mines  the 
direction  of  the  air  currents  change  with  the  seasons,  an 
upcast  shaft  during  the  summer  becoming  a  downcast 
during  the  winter  season.  In  some  instances  the  direc- 
tion of  air  currents  have  been  known  to  change  dally, 
being  a  different  direction  during  the  day  from  that  at 
night. 

Natural  sand  weighs  more  per  given  volume 
than  sifted  sand  from  the  same  material,  because 
In  natural  sand  the  grains  vary  In  size,  and  the  smaller 
grains  fill  the  Interstitial  spaces  between  the  larger 
grains.  To  find  the  percentage  of  voids  In  sand  or  other 
fine  material,  take  a  graduated  glass  cylinder  and  pour 
Into  It  100  measures  of  sand.  Pour  this  Into  another 
vessel,  and  In  its  place  pour  60  measures  of  water.  Then 
slowly  pour  into  the  water  the  100  measures  of  sand.  It 
will  be  noticed  that  the  sand  now  only  occupies  94  meas- 
ures, having  lost  6%  by  more  compactly  settling,  but  the 
surface  of  the  water  will  have  risen  to  about  121  meas- 
ures: Of  this  121  —  94  =  27  measures  of  water  will  be 
above  the  top  of  the  sand,  which  leaves  60  —  27  =  33 
measures  of  filling  the  voids  in  94  measures  of  wet  sand, 
or  0  351  of  the  wet  mass,  or  practically  35%. 
ft 

It  has  been  stated  repeatedly  herein  that  gold  nug- 
gets do  not  "grow,"  regardless  of  the  numerous  "the- 
ories "  to  the  contrary.  There  is  no  rational  evidence  to 
lead  to  the  belief  that  a  mass  of  gold  once  included  in  the 
loose  material  of  a  gulch,  which  represents  the  breaking 
down  or  disintegration  of  the  neighboring  hillsides,  ever 
accumulates  a  Bingle  atom  of  gold  to  itself,  or  increases 
In  any  manner,  either  in  weight  or  bulk.  The  oft  re- 
peated story  that  gold  nuggets  contain  a  little  grain  of 
sand  or  iron  oxide  as  a  nucleus,  about  which  the  nugget 
has  been  built  up,  is  a  myth.  Gold  is  derived  from  veins 
or  deposits  in  solid  rock  in  place,  and  from  the  moment 
of  its  exposure  to  the  powers  of  disintegration  and  ero- 
sion it  begins  to  grow  smaller  in  size  and  weight,  and  as 
gold  in  its  original  state  In  the  rocks  is  universally  rough, 
with  sharp  edges,  or  a  generally  ragged  appearance; 
when  a  nugget  is  found  smooth  and  rounded  by  the 
attrition  of  the  rockB  with  which  it  has  been  associated 


In  the  stream  bed,  it  Is  safe  to  say  that  such  a  nu "get 
has  lost  a  large  portion  of  its  original  weight  and  size  by 
the  process.  The  theory  that  gold  nuggets  grow  in 
placer  or  alluvial  deposits  of  any  kind  Is  not  susceptible 
of  direct  proof. 

ft 

No  arbitrary  figures  as  to  the  relative  cost  of 
milling  and  smelting  ores  can  be  given,  as  the  factors 
which  influence  both  smelting  and  milling  operations  are 
so  variable.  Moreover,  ore  which  is  adapted  to  milling 
is  often  unsuited  to  smelting  without  the  admixture  of 
other  ores,  and  smelting  ore  is  seldom  amenable  to  mill- 
ing. In  California,  under  favorable  conditions,  milling 
is  accomplished  at  less  than  50  cents  per  ton.  This  con- 
templates large  capacity  per  stamp,  a  free  milling  ore 
and  free  water  power.  Smelting  under  favorable  con- 
ditions has  been  accomplished  at  a  cost  of  $1.35  per  ton 
In  British  Columbia.  While  this  shows  that  milling  Is 
leSB  expensive  than  smelting,  It  is  probable  that  the 
smelting  ore  yielded  over  90%  of  its  value  by  smelting, 
but  that  an  attempt  to  mill  it  would  result  In  greater 
percentage  of  loss  with  also  a  greatly  Increased  cost  over 
the  figures  given  by  reason  of  reduced  capacity  per 
stamp  and  the  necessity  for  concentration, 
ft 

When  the  government  Issues  a  patent  to  a  mining 
claim  that  patent  secures  to  the  holder  of  the  claim  the 
exclusive  right  to  all  veins  apexlng  within  his  territory  as 
defined  by  the  lines  of  his  claim.  The  question  of  extra- 
lateral  right,  however,  has  been  a  subject  of  HtlgatlOD, 
and  has  not  been  positively  determined  by  the  United 
States  Supreme  Court.  The  question  arose  over  priority 
of  location  as  between  a  mining  and  an  adjoining  agricul- 
tural patent.  Under  the  laws  of  1866  the  end  lines  of  a 
mining  claim  need  not  of  necessity  be  parallel,  and 
claims  located  under  that  law  where  the  end  lines  were 
not  parallel  have  not  been  denied  the  privilege  of  taking 
the  extralateral  right,  even  though  the  diverging  lines 
were  in  the  direction  of  the  dip  of  the  vein,  consequently 
giving  to  the  claim  owner  an  increasingly  greater  length 
of  the  vein  with  increasing  depth.  No  precedent  has  as 
yet  been  established  by  the  United  States  Supreme 
Court  regarding  the  matter.  As  to  claims  having  paral- 
lel end  lines,  whether  located  under  the  laws  of  1866  or 
those  of  1872,  the  claim  owner  has  the  extralateral  right, 
ft 

Saddle  reefs  are  a  form  of  vein  or  ore  deposit  oc- 
curring in  the  Bendlgo  region  of  Australia.  In  this  form 
of  deposit  the  quartz  velnB  or  lenses  conform  to  the  inclos- 
ing rocks  and  are  contorted  and  folded  with  them, 
which  has  led  some  geologists  to  believe  that  the  veins 
were  formed  prior  to  the  tortlon  of  the  strata.  Some- 
what similar  occurrences  elsewhere,  however,  where  the 
schists  or  slates  have  been  sillclfied  and  contain  gold  and 
auriferous  pyrlte,  do  not  lead  to  the  belief  that  this  min- 
eralization was  prior  to  the  folding  of  the  inclosing 
rocks,  but  subsequent  to  it.  The  form  of  the  saddle 
reefs  suggests  that  the  folding  of  the  strata  produced 
open  spaces,  or,  at  any  rate,  zones  of  dis-cission  in  which 
the  quartz  masses  were  subsequently  deposited  by  sub- 
stitution in  part  for  the  original  material  of  the  rock 
and  partly  by  deposition  in  open  spaces.  Veins  in  slate 
are  not  uncommon  where  little  or  no  flexure  has  oc- 
curred, and  these  veins  often  show  perfectly  the  struc- 
ture of  the  original  slates.  It  is  quite  possible  that  were 
a  formation  containing  such  veins  subjected  to  folding, 
the  veins  would  be  found  with  much  the  same  appear- 
ance as  they  now  have,  except  for  the  curving  dip  due 
to  folding.  It  is  said  that  some  of  the  veins  of  the  Nova 
Scotia  gold  fields  are  also  saddle  reefs. 
ft 

Often  in  locating  a  claim,  the  prospector,  having 
neither  chain,  tape  nor  other  means  of  measuring  the 
lines  of  his  claim  with  even  approximate  accuracy, 
"steps  off"  the  distances  and  locates  accordingly.  It 
rarely  occurs  that  he  appropriates  too  little,  the  reverse 
being  usually  the  case.  The  courts  have  held  that  such 
a  location,  where  made  without  injury  to  others  at  the 
time  it  is  made,  is  only  voidable  as  to  the  excess  claimed, 
and  not  as  to  the  whole  claim.  Upon  application  for 
patent,  the  monuments  may  be  changed  and  the  lines 
drawn  in  to  cast  off  the  excess.  An  excessive  location 
can  not  be  said  to  be  a  fraud  upon  others,  as  it  can  not 
take  away  rights  already  acquired  by  prior  appropri- 
ation. Subsequent  locators  may  measure  the  ground 
from  the  initial  point  of  the  excessive  location — the  dis- 
covery stake  or  monument — and  this  notice  generally 
specifies  the  number  of  feet  the  locator  claims  in  either 
direction  along  the  lodej  but  where  it  does  not,  the  lo- 
cator can  only  claim  750  feet  along  the  vein  on  each  side 
of  his  discovery  notice.  Consequently,  in  the  event  of 
an  excessive  location  having  been  made,  and  the  locator 
having  neglected  to  Btate  in  his  discovery  notice  the 
number  of  feet  he  claims  on  each  side  of  his  discovery 
stake,  he  may  hold  750  feet  on  one  side  of  the  stake; 
but  should  he  have  less  than  750  feet  on  the  opposite 
side,  where  a  subsequent  location  has  been  made  abut- 
ting upon  his  claim,  he  will  be  unable  to  secure  his  full 
1500  feet,  as  he  cannot  encroach  upon  the  newer  locator. 
On  the  other  end  of  the  claim  he  will  lose  all  in  excess  of 
750  feet.  In  the  absence  of  State  or  local  law  requir- 
ing a  preliminary  notice  of  location,  a  locator  may  claim 
an  area  so  greatly  In  excess  of  the  statutory  location  as 
to  indicate  bad  faith.  There  then  being  no  guide  to  the 
subsequent  locator,  the  entire  claim  may  be  held  as  use- 
less for  any  purpose  and  wholly  void.  (Ledoux  vs. 
Forester,  94  Fed.,  600.)  A  1500-foot  claim  can  not  be 
shifted  from  one  end  of  a  2000  foot  claim  to  the  other  to 
take  In  a  discovery  subsequently  made  by  another  within 
the  exceBS  end  of  the  2000-foot  claim. 


216 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3,  1903. 


Hydraulic   Mining    in    Southern 
Oregon.* 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Dennis  H.  Stovall,  B  S. 

The  little  county  of  Josephine  alone,  in  southern 
Oregon,  contains  nearly  100  hydraulic  placer  mines — 
placers  they  are  that  are  busy  from  three  to  nine 
months  in  the  year.  Probably  there  is  no  other  sec- 
tion of  like  area  the  world  over  that  can  claim  such 
an  acreage  of  placer  ground.  The  story  of  the 
origin  of  this  big  placer  field  is  an  interesting  one, 
notwithstanding  the  fact  of  its  being  geological  in 
tone.  A  long  time  ago,  before  this  part  of  old  earth 
was  torn  upside  down  and  made  over  again,  there 
flowed  northward  from  what  is  now  Siskiyou  county, 
Cal.,  a  great  river.  This  mighty  stream  was  from 
i  mile  to  1  mile  in  width,  and  its  ancient  bed  can  be 
traced  to-day  from  the  Oregon-California  line  north- 
ward through  the  Waldo,  Illinois,  Galice,  Grave  and 
Cow  Creek  districts,  disappearing  entirely  near 
Glendale,  where  the  mountains  of  Cow  Creek  canyon 
have  buried  it  from  view.  The  formation  of  new 
mountains,  rivers  and  streams  have  uncovered  por- 
tions of  the  ancient  stream's  bed ;  at  others  they 
have  buried  it  deep  beneath  towering  crags  and 
mountain  peaks.  But  it  is  the  auriferous  filling,  the 
conglomerate  mass  of  gravel,  clay  and  decomposed 
matter  of  this  ancient  river  that  makes  the  diggings 
of  the  placer  mines  of  southern  Oregon  to-day. 
Streams  and  rivers  cutting  across  this  old  channel 
have  scattered  the  gold  for  miles  and  formed  the 
smaller  later  channels  along  these  waterways  and 
gulches.  A  number  of  the  largest  of  the  southern 
Oregon  placer  mines  are  located  directly  on  this  an- 
cient channel,  among  them  being  the  Old  Channel 
and  Galice  Creek  hydraulic  mines  of  Galice  creek; 
the  Deep  Gravel,  Simmons,  Osgood  and  Wilson- 
Meredith  of  Waldo  district,  and  the  Columbia,  Lewis 
and  others  of  Grave  Creek  district.  On  the  rocks 
and  boulders  of  these  diggings  are  found  imprinted 
the  forms  of  fishes  and  strange  creatures  that  in- 
habited the  waters  of  the  ancient  rivers  in  the 
long  ago. 

How  this  old  channel  came  to  be  filled  from  rim  to  rim, 
heaped  up  in  many  places  with  an  auriferous  filling, 
is  something  the  writer  can  not  explain;  as  a  matter 
of  fact,  the  practical  miner  gives  but  little  time  to  a 
study  of  it,  but  uses  his  "  thinker  "  to  the  all-import- 
ant matter  of  securing  better  and  mpre  economical 
methods  of  getting  and  saving  the  gold.  The  banks 
in  this  old  channel  lie  from  10  to  230  feet  deep  on  the 
bedrock.  The  greatest  bank  throughout  its  whole 
extent  is  that  being  worked  by  the  Old  Channel  Min- 
ing Co.  in  the  Galice  district.  This  gravel  bank  has 
a  height  of  235  feet,  and  is  being  operated  upon  at 
the  present  time  by  a  battery  of  two  giants,  working 
under  a  gravity  pressure  of  500  feet.  To  be  safe, 
the  piper  is  obliged  to  play  his  giant  on  this  bank 
from  a  distance  of  450  feet.  The  great  streams  gnaw 
at  the  foot  of  the  towering  pile,  and  the  gravel  falls 
off  in  slabs  of  10,000  tons.  The  dirt  of  this  old  chan- 
nel yields  easily  to  the  giants,  and  there  is  a  compar- 
ative absence  of  big  boulders. 

All  of  the  ground  in  this  old  channel  carries  gold. 
First,  there  is  the  coarse  gold  found  with  the  boulders 
and  the  lower  stratum  next  the  bedrock.  Above  this 
is  the  stratum  known  as  "pipe  clay"  by  the  placer 
miners ;  and  still  above  this  is  the  capping  of  red 
clay,  carrying  its  values  in  fine  or  flour  gold,  a  large 
per  cent  of  which  is  saved  by  a  system  of  undercur- 
rents. This  is  a  steel  screen  arrangement  in  the 
bottom  of  sluices  through  which  the  black  sand  and 
finer  particles  are  drawn  off  and  spread  out  over  a 
broad  riffle  table.  This  enables  the  miner  to  catch 
both  the  flour  gold  and  the  platinum,  which  in  late 
years  has  been  found  to  be  a  very  valuable  part  of 
the  black  sand  of  these  diggings,  but  which  in  years 
past  was  thrown  away  as  valueless. 

In  recent  years  there  has  been  a  general  combina- 
tion of  minor  or  smaller  placer  holdings  in  southern 
Oregon  into  large  properties  under  control  of  one 
management.  It  is  found  better  for  all  concerned  to 
combine  the  water  rights  and  facilities,  as  one  claim 
of  twenty  acres  does  not  in  many  instances  make  suf- 
ficient territory  to  warrant  the  expenditure  of  a 
great  sum  in  the  construction  of  large  ditches  and 
of  a  length  necessary  to  tap  the  main  water  course 
far  enough  up  to  give  an  elevation  of  100  feet  above 
the  ground  to  be  worked;  and  a  pressure  of  less  than 
175  feet  is  not  of  high  efficiency  in  working  placer 
ground  by  hydraulicking.  There  are  streams  in 
southern  Oregon  on  which  placer  bars  and  channels 
are  located  that  have  sufficient  fall  to  allow  a  pres- 
sure of  275  feet  with  1  mile  of  ditch  by  running  the 
ditch  with  a  grade  of  1  inch  to  the  rod ;  but  these 
favorable  conditions  seldom  prevail,  and  to  get  such 
a  fall  a  ditch  from  5  to  20  miles  in  length  is  necessary. 
There  are  a  number  of  ditches  in  southern  Oregon  of 
from  20  to  35  miles  in  length,  constructed  at  great 
cost  around  the  steep  and  rocky  mountain  sides, 
flumed  across  gulches  and  tunneled  through  solid 
rock.  It  is  this  feature  of  placer  mining  in  southern 
Oregon  that  the  miner  must  first  consider,   for  it  is 

■  See  Illustrations  front  page. 


the  big  feature  of  the  business.  Where  will  I  get  my 
water  supply;  how  many  miles  of  ditch  will  it  require 
to  bring  it  to  my  ground;  how  much  will  it  cost,  and 
how  much  pressure  will  I  have  when  I  get  it  there  ? 
Ditches  here  have  cost  all  the  way  from  $2000  to 
$60,000;  but,  once  built,  they  are  there  to  stay,  as 
slides  and  breaks  do  not  figure  so  materially  in  the 
running  expense  of  a  ditch  in  this  country. 

Another  feature  that  figures  prominently  in  the 
business  of  placer  mining  in  southern  Oregon,  as  in 
all  other  placer  regions,  is  that  of  dumping  grounds 
for  the  tailings.  Fortunately,  there  are  no  laws  in 
Oregon  that  prevent  the  miner  from  dumping  his 
tailings  into  Rogue  river  or  any  of  its  tributaries, 
and  it  is  on  these  that  all  of  the  placer  mines  are  lo- 
cated. It  only  remains  for  him  to  have  plenty  of  fall 
from  the  end  of  his  sluices  to  the  river,  stream  or 
gulch  below.  The  greater  part  of  this  old  channel  in 
question  lies  far  up  on  the  mountain  tops,  or  at  suf- 
ficient elevation  to  allow  the  miner  ample  dump  for 
mountains  of  tailings  and  refuse.  At  the  Old  Chan- 
nel mines  there  is  a  sheer  fall  of  nearly  500  feet  from 
the  end  of  the  sluice  to  the  bottom  of  the  canyon  be- 
low. Yet  there  is  much  rich  ground  lying  along 
gulches  and  streams  that  has  not  sufficient  slope  to 
carry  away  the  tailings.  For  a  long  time  this  ground 
lay  untouched.  Then  the  "grizzly"  and  the  "hy- 
draulic elevator "  were  introduced  and  the  way  was 
easy.  By  these  machines  the  tailings,  boulders  and 
refuse  are  lifted  to  a  height  of  35  and  40  feet,  thus 
giving  dump  enough  to  last  for  a  number  of  years 
without  the  elevator  being  moved. 

Taken  all  in  all,  placer  mining  in  southern  Oregon 
is  a  very  conservative  business — much  more  so,  in 
fact,  than  quartz  mining  generally  in  this  or  any 
other  country,  for  the  reason  that  the  placer  miner 
has  all  of  the  elements  of  his  business  in  sight,  and  he 
can  compute  beforehand  just  what  it  will  cost  to 
equip  his  property,  how  much  it  will  require  to  oper- 
ate it  and  how  much  he  will  realize,  as  the  ground  to 
be  worked  can  be  thoroughly  tested  and  prospected 
before  a  shovel  of  dirt  is  moved  for  m'ning  purposes. 
Mines  here  clean  up  from  $2000  to  $100,000  annua'ly, 
depending  upon  the  richness  and  amount  of  ground 
worked.  It  costs  from  2  to  5  cents  per  yard  to  work 
the  ground — ground  that  produces  from  8  to  20  cents 
per  yard,  leaving  a  good  margin  of  profit.  Gravel 
that  averages  20  cents  per  yard  will  pay  the  miner 
his  money  back  in  two  years  with  interest ;  if  the 
ground  pays  30  cents,  it  is  considered  a  bonanza. 
The  average  ground  of  the  southern  Oregon  old  chan- 
nels runs  from  6  to  8  cents  a  yard.  Ground  of  this 
worth,  where  there  is  a  water  supply  of  2000  inches 
for  eight  months  in  the  year  and  good  dumping 
grounds,  forms  the  elements  for  the  making  of  a  pay- 
ing placer  mine— and  it  can  be  truthfully  stated  that 
there  is  much  of  this  ground  in  the  old  channel  placer 
fields  of  the  southern  Oregon  districts. 


Knocking  in  Steam  Engines. 

The  most  frequent  causes  of  knocking  in  steam 
engines,  writes  D.  B.  Nixon  to  the  American  Manu- 
facturer, are  lost  motion  in  the  cross  head,  wrist  and 
crank  pin  boxes,  looseness  in  the  pillow  block  or  main 
bearing  boxes,  looseness  of  the  piston  rod  or  follower 
plate,  the  crank  pin  or  crank  shaft  being  out  of  line 
with  the  cylinder,  or  the  wrist  pin,  crank  pin,  or 
main  bearing  journal  being  worn  oval;  the  slide  valve 
having  too  much  lead  or  not  enough;  the  exhaust 
opening  being  too  soon  or  too  late;  the  valves  being 
badly  proportioned,  or  the  exhaust  passage  outside 
of  the  cylinder  being  contracted.  Other  causes  are 
shoulders  being  worn  in  each  end  of  the  cylinder,  in 
consequence  of  piston  packing  rings  not  traveling 
over  the  counter  bore  at  each  end  of  the  stroke;  or 
shoulder  being  worn  on  the  guides,  resulting  from 
the  cross  head  shoes  not  overlapping  them  when  the 
crank  is  on  the  dead  center;  the  piston  not  having 
sufficient  clearance  at  either  end  of  the  cylinder,  in 
consequence  of  its  being  altered  by  taking  up  the 
lost  motion  in  the  boxes;  there  not  being  sufficient 
draught  in  the  keys  to  take  up  the  lost  motion  in  the 
connecting  rod  boxes;  the  packing  being  screwed  too 
tight  round  the  piston  rod,  excessive  cushioning,  re- 
sulting from  the  leaky  condition  of  the  piston,  which 
allows  the  steam  to  occupy  the  space  between  the 
cylinder  and  piston  head,  as  the  crank  approaches  its 
dead  center  thereby  subjecting  the  engine  to  an 
enormous  strain,  as  at  this  part  of  the  stroke  the 
flywheel  is  traveling  very  fast  and  the  piston  moving 
very  slowly;  lost  motion  in  the  connection  by  which 
the  slide  valve  is  attached  to  the  rod.  Engines  out 
of  line  frequently  knock  sideways  at  the  half  stroke, 
but  most  generally  at  the  outward  and  inward  upper 
or  lower  dead  center,  as  these  are  the  points  that 
the  greatest  strain  is  thrown  on  the  bearings  in  con- 
sequence of  the  direction  of  the  connecting  rod  having 
to  be  reversed. 

The  foregoing  causes  of  knocking  in  engines  con- 
stitute the  principal  ones.  Knocks  arising  from  lost 
motion  in  any  of  the  revolving,  reciprocating  or 
vibrating  parts  of  an  engine  may  be  located  by  plac- 
ing the  fingers  on  the  part,  while  the  cross  head  is 
being  moved  back  and  forth  on  the  guides  by  the 
starting  bar,  but  knocks  induced  by  the  valve  opening 
or  closing  too  soon,  by  the  contraction  of  the  exhaust, 
or  by  the  valves  being  improperly  set,  are  the  most 
difficult  to  discover,  as  they  are  different  from  those 


induced  by  lost  motion,  the  sound  being  a  dull, 
heavy  thud  in  many  instances,  causing  the  engines, 
building,  and  even  the  foundation  to  vibrate  at  each 
stroke.  While  an  intelligent  and  careful  search  will 
in  most  cases  result  in  successfully  locating  the 
knock,  some  will  for  a  time  baffle  the  most  expert 
engineer.  There  are  instances  where  the  indicator 
has  been  applied  in  order  to  determine  the  precise 
location  of  the  knock  or  thud. 


Some  Structural  Features  of  the 
California  Gold  Belt. 


NUMBER  VII. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  H.  Storms. 

The  line  of  that  portion  of  the  central  gold  belt  of 
California,  known  as  the  mother  lode,  extending 
northward  5  miles  from  the  village  of  Plymouth,  is 
marked  by  the  canyon  of  Indian  creek  to  the  El 
Dorado  county  line,  and  northward,  in  El  Dorado 
county  for  a  farther  distance  of  10  miles  by  the  can- 
yon of  the  north  fork  of  the  Cosumnes  river  and  a 
tributary  from  the  northward,  as  far  as  the  German 
mine.  This  is  a  condition  frequently  observable  along 
the  line  of  the  lode  in  other  counties.  The  great  sys- 
tem of  fissures  occurring  in  the  slates,  which  are 
naturally  softer  than  the  accompanying  greenstones, 
has  rendered  their  erosion  more  rapid,  and  the  can- 
yons are  the  natural  physical  result.  The  structural 
peculiarities  of  the  lode  generally  have  a  marked  in- 
fluence on  the  topography  of  the  region  through 
which  it  passes.  Huge  outcroppings  of  quartz, 
though  sometimes  seen  in  the  valleys,  more  frequently 
form  prominent  landmarks  on  the  summits  of  the 
hills.  Noted  instances  are  found  in  Mount  Ophir, 
the  Virginia,  Mary  Harrison  and  Louisa  mines,  south 
of  Coulterville,  and  the  Pinon  Blanco,  3  miles  north 
of  Coulterville,  and  the  McAlpine  hill  in  Mariposa 
county;  the  Eagle-Shawmut  outcrop  near  Jackson- 
ville; Golden  Rule  hill  and  Quartz  mountain,  and  the 
heavy  outcrop  north  from  Whisky  Hill  to  Table 
mountain,  near  Jamestown,  in  Tuolumne  county; 
Carson  hill  in  Calaveras  county,  and  the  great  out- 
crops between  Amador  City  and  Plymouth,  in  Ama- 
dor county. 

The  mines  along  the  lode  from  south  line  of  El 
Dorado  county  are  opened  on  a  series  of  outcrops, 
some  of  them  of  large  size.  The  geology  of  the  veins 
is  comparatively  simple,  and  as  far  as  known  have  no 
unusual  structural  features. 

The  German  mine,  about  half  way  between  Nash- 
ville and  Mud  Springs,  is  more  interesting  than  some 
of  the  others  of  the  vicinity,  owing  to  the  intrusion 
of  granitic  dikes  in  the  lode.  The  rock  formation  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  German  mine  consists  of  the  black 
clay  slates,  amphibolite  schist  and  massive  diabase 
tuffs  and  breccias.  The  gold-bearing  veins  of  the 
German  mine  are  found  partly  in  the  slaty  diabase 
tuffs,  black  in  color  and  greatly  resembling  the  clay 
slates.  The  latter  are  found  both  to  the  eastward 
and  westward,  but  as  far  as  observed  do  not  come 
into  direct  contact  with  the  vein  itself.  The  most 
interesting  occurrence,  however,  is  the  intrusion  of 
dike  rocks  of  acid  type  into  the  ore-bearing  zone. 
The  dike  rocks  vary  from  a  fine-grained  quartz 
porphyry  to  a  rather  coarse-grained  granite.  The 
indications  are  that  the  several  dikes  were  intruded 
at  different  times. 

Although  much  later  than  the  diabase  of  the 
vicinity,  and  also  later  than  the  gold-bearing  veins, 
these  granitic  dike  rocks  have  been  crushed  and 
sheared  and  subjected  to  great  alteration.  In  width 
they  range  from  a  few  feet  to  more  than  100  feet. 
In  some  instances  zones  of  fracture  are  found,  with 
the  infiltration  of  much  silica  and  the  deposition  of 
gold  and  pyrite,  but  as  far  as  known  none  of  these 
occurrences  were  rich  enough  to  constitute  a  payable 
ore.  The  granitic  intrusions  sometimes  assume 
unusual  shapes.  One  instance  was  noted  where  a 
large  mass  had  been  injected  from  the  southward 
into  the  slates,  and  where  exposed  had  somewhat  the 
form  of  a  segment  of  an  inverted  cone.  Following 
around  this  was  a  gold-bearing  quartz  vein  several 
feet  in  width.  The  concentric  structure  of  the  in- 
terior of  the  dike  suggests  that  the  dike  was  folded 
in  the  slates  by  subsequent  movement,  together  with 
the  accompanying  vein. 

Northward  from  the  German  mine  granitic  rocks 
become  more  and  more  abundant  until  they  pre- 
dominate in  the  region  between  Mud  Springs  and 
Placerville.  These  rocks  are  not,  strictly  speaking, 
granite,  but  a  rock  of  the  granitic  series,  the  pres- 
ence of  plagioclase  in  nearly  all  of  them  in  greater  or 
less  amount  giving  to  them  a  wide  range  from 
diorite  to  granite,  and  in  some  localities  augite  is 
abundant  and  the  rock  inclines  toward  diabase. 
In  these  rocks  near  Logtown,  about  2  miles  north- 
west of  the  German  mine,  are  found  numerous  veins 
of  gold-bearing  quartz.  In  some  instances  these 
occurrences  are  rather  an  impregnation  of  silica  and 
other  minerals,  with  pyrite  and  gold,  than  veins. 
Most  of  these  zones,  however,  contain  as  an  accom- 
paniment what  may  be  considered  veins.      In  the 


October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


217 


Minnehaha  mine,  which  is  a  fair  representative  of 
the  type  of  vein  formation  found  here,  the  vein  dips 
at  about  10°  below  the  horizon.  There  is  no  distinct 
line  of  demarkation  between  vein  and  wall — the  silici- 
fication  gradually  disappearing,  and  with  it  the  gold. 
In  the  porphyry  near  the  vein  were  noticed  a  great 
number  of  veinlets  of  quartz  leading  toward  the  cen- 
tral zone.  Some  of  these  were  found  to  be  gold 
bearing. 

Another  type  of  vein  unusual  in  this  part  of  Cali- 
fornia is  found  at  the  Oro  Fino,  or  Big  Canyon  mine, 
5  miles  south  of  Shingle  Springs,  in  El  Dorado 
county.  This  consists  of  a  zone  of  fractured 
diabase,  which  has  been  impregnated  and  ce- 
mented   by    silica,    forming    a    mass  of  dense   and 


Section  Vandalla  Mine,  El  Dorado  County,  Cal 

extremely  hard  breccia.  It  carries  pyrite  and  gold. 
The  pyrite  is  very  finely  disseminated  throughout 
the  mass,  which  is  about  40  feet  in  width.  Veinlets 
of  calcite  traverse  the  rock  in  every  direction.  The 
walls,  both  foot  and  hanging,  are  diabase,  but  little 
altered.  In  fact,  the  transition  from  ore  to  waste 
rock  is  often  so  gradual  that  only  by  sampling  could 
the  miners  distinguish  between  them,  there  being  no 
line  of  demarkation.  About  one-third  of  the  values 
in  the  ore  were  stated  to  be  free,  and  subject  to 
amalgamation,  the  remainder  being  associated  with 
the  pyrite  which  was  concentrated  on  belt  machines 
and  the  sulphides  treated  by  chlorination. 

About  i  mile  north  of  the  Oro  Pino  mine  is  the 
Vandalia  mine.  Here  the  ore  deposits  occur  in  a 
siliceous  rock  having  a  schistose  structure.  It  may 
have  been  either  an  intruded  dike  rock  or  possibly  a 
sedimentary  (quartzite),  but  it  is  found  so  greatly 
metamorphosed  that  the  question  of  its  origin  is 
difficult  of  determination  without  making  a  micro- 
scopic examination,  and  this  the  writer  did  not  do. 
However,  the  structural  peculiarities  incline  to  the 
belief  that  it  is  an  altered  felsite,  or  other  similar  in- 
trusive rock.  The  ore  shoots  are  extensive,  but  do 
not  conform  to  the  strike  and  dip  of  the  schistose 
structure  of  the  zone  within  which  they  occur.  The 
schist  is  heavily  impregnated  with  auriferous  iron 
sulphide,  which  near  the  surface  is  oxidized,  forming 
an  iron  gossan.  The  gold  in  the  rock  is  extremely 
fine  and  difficult  to  amalgamate.  In  recent  years 
the  ore  has  been  successfully  treated  by  the  cyanide 
process.  The  workings  are  extensive  and  the  mine 
is  opened  through  four  tunnels — two  on  each  of  two 
levels.  In  the  course  of  development  a  fault  plane 
was  encountered  dipping  from  the  west,  which  has 
cut  off  the  ore  bodies,  and  exploration  on  the  under 
side  of  the  fault  has  thus  far  failed  to  rediscover 
them.  This  fault  plane  has  a  dip  to  the  eastward, 
being  steeper  near  the  surface  than  in  depth,  and  it 
also  has  a  curving  strike.  It  is  an  unusual  geological 
occurrence  in  the  gold  belt  of  California,  and  in  this 
instance  it  is  not  impossible  that  the  ore  deposition 
may  have  occurred  subsequent  to  the  fault. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Cost  of  Shaft  Sinking  on  the  Rand, 

The  following  detailed  statement  of  sinking  858  feet 
of  an  inclined  shaft  at  the  Kleinfontein's  new  shaft  is 
from  the  London  Mining  Journal,  and  shows  that,  al- 
though sunk  largely  with  native  labor,  the  cost  does 
not  vary  so  greatly  from  that  of  this  class  of  work  in 
the  United  States  under  conditions  nearly  similar, 
as  concerns  the  hardness  of  rock,  etc. ;  but,  as  no 
shaft  has  been  sunk  in  a  metal  mine  in  the  United 
States  at  a  rate  equaling  that  on  the  Rand,  this 
slight  difference  in  cost  is  the  more  notable.  There 
are  numerous  instances  in  America  where  the  cost  of 
shaft  sinking  has  been  greatly  in  excess  of  $65  per 
foot,  by  reason  of  the  great  hardness  of  the  rock  or 
increased  cost  due  to  the  large  volume  of  water.  It 
is  not  always  the  hard  rock  shaft  that  is  the  most  ex- 
pensive, however. 

The  shaft  in  question  is  21  feet  by  6  feet  in  the 
clear,  and  during  the  months  of  January,  February, 
March,  April  and  May  of  this  year  a  progress  of  858 
feet  was  made.  During  the  last  month  of  working  a 
total  footage  of  213  feet  6  inches  was  performed,  and 
this  we  think  constitutes  a  world's  record  for  sinking 
a  shaft  of  this  size.  The  average  monthly  footage  for 
the  five  months  was  171.6  feet. 

The  statement  gives  details  of  all  costs  in  connec- 
tion with  the  work,  which  was  carried  out  in  the 
usual  way  on  the  Rand,  viz.,   drilling  machines  and 


skilled  work  attended  to  by  Europeans  and  all  the 
manual  work  performed  by  natives. 

Cost  of  sinking  East  shaft,  from  January  1,  1903,  to 
May  31,  1903.  Total  footage  sunk  in  that  period, 
858  feet.  In  May.  1903,  213  feet  6  inches  were  sunk. 
Cost,  £11,836  19s  f>d: 

Cost  per 
Foot  Sunk. 

Whltewages £3,292  16    0  £3  16    !i 

Salaries 276    8    5  0    6    5 

Native  wages 1,190    4    8  17    9 

Compound 616  11    3  0  14    5 

Workshops 108  13    2  0    2    6} 

Steaming  station 1,353    3    3  1  11    6 

Rock  drills 2  620    1    2  3    11 

Surveying 40  10  11  0    0  lllj 

Transport 13  10    0  0    0    3j 

Traveling  expenses 3    0    0  0    0    1 

STORES. 

Description.        Quantity.  Value. 

Candles,  boxes 207.2     £135    3  4  £0  3    1 

Detonators,   boxes 86             16  15  4  0  0    4} 

Fuse,  colls 2,475              42    3  6  0  10 

Gelatine,  cases 418        1,463    0  0  3  14    1} 

Iron  bars,  etc ,  ll>j 696                7     0  8  0  0    2" 

Steel  bars,  lbs 2,528             45    1  9  0  1    Oif 

Rails,  tt>3 65,445           325    6  0  0  7    6* 

Sleepers 259             18    1  7  0  0    5" 

BoltB  and  nuts 1,263             18    6  0  0  0    5 

Dog  spikes 663               7    2  4  0  0    2 

Fishplates 3,011             35  19  4  0  0  10J 

Nails,  assorted,  It.j 432               4  15  10  0  0    1} 

Coach  screws 82               16  8  0  0    0* 

Oils,  Grease 7    2  4  0  0    2 

Piping,  feet 270             21    7  6  0  0    6 

Tools 11    6  8  0  0    3i 

Timber,   assorted,  cu. 

feet 1,404             71  16  0  0  18 

Sundries 89    5  9  0  2    1 

Cost  per  foot  sunk,  £13  15b  11  Old.  Total  value, 
£11,836  19s  5d. 

144  rounds  were  worked,  during  which  4032  holes  were 

bored,  equal  to  a  total  depth  of  28  963  feet  2  4  inches,  or 
an  average  depth  per  hole  of  7  feet  2.2  Inches. 


Improved  Method  of  Pile  Driving. 

The  adaptability  of  rock  drilling  and  air  compress- 
ing machinery  to  various  forms  of  mining  is  illus- 
trated in  a  variety  of  economic  instances,  but  the 
wide  range  of  such  engineering  work  is  not  so  uni- 
versally noted.  Herewith  is  presented  an  instance 
wherein  is  in  operation  a  method  of  using  an  Ingersoll- 
Sergeant  pile  driver.  The  work  of  driving  sheet 
piles,  especially  where  two  or  three  courses  are 
necessary,  entails  much  difficulty,  and  the  device 
illustrated  is  designed  to  do  away  with  much  of  the 


Injersoll-Sergeant  Pile  Driver. 

cost,  annoyance  and  delay.  The  machine  has  some 
resemblance  to  the  new  Ingersoll  rock  drill,  there, 
being  a  striking  anvil  added,  and  can  be  worked  with 
light  or  heavy  blow,  at  any  desired  speed,  with  either 
compressed  air  or  steam,  and  by  means  of  the  lifting 
staple  at  the  upper  end  can  be  quickly  changed  from 
pile  to  pile. 

One  of  these  machines  will  do  the  work  of  fifteen 
to  twenty  men  and  takes  but  two  men  to  operate  it. 
In  the  one  shown  herewith  the  cylinder  diameter  is 
4  inches:  length  over  all,  5  feet  6  inches;  size  of  jaw, 
6  inches  long,  2}  inches  wide;  clearance  necessary, 
3J  inches.  The  machine  is  made  and  supplied  by  the 
Ingersoll-Sergeant  Drill  Co.,  26  Cortlandt  street, 
New  York  City. 


The    Metallurgy    of    the    Home- 
stake  Ore.* 

Written  by  O.  W.  Merrill.  B.  S. 

The  Homestake  M.  Co.  has  acquired  through  con- 
solidation the  ground  and  equipment  of  the  Father 
Da  Stnet  Con.  G.  M.  Co.,  the  Deadwood-Terra  M. 
Co.,  the  Caledonia  G.  M.  Co.  and  the  Highland  M. 
Co.,  at  and  near  Lead,  Lawrence  county,  S.  D.,  in 
the  northern  portion  of  the  Black  Hills.  The  com- 
pany owns  or  controls  250  claims,  comprising  2616 
acres,  and  covering  about  8000  feet  along  the  strike 
of  the  lode. 

At  the  surface  there  are  several  veins,  of  which 
three  have  united  in  depth,  where  the  main  vein 
ranges  from  300  to  500  feet  in  width.  The  1100-foot 
level  is  the  lowest  at  present.  The  rock  of  both  walls 
is,  so  far  as  known  at  present,  carbonaceous  slate, 
and  the  country  is  penetrated  by  a  system  of  porphy- 
ry dikes,  and  in  some  places  capped  with  porphyry. 

The  output  of  the  company  ud  to  January,  1903, 
has  been,  approximately,  $70,000,000. 

The  Ore. — The  oxidized,  open-cut  ore  is  nearly  all 
treated  in  the  three  mills  on  the  northern  part  of  the 
property,  which  are  as  follows:  The  Mineral  Point 
(formerly  the  Da  Smet),  of  100  stamps  ;  the  Monroe 
(formerly  Caledonia),  of  100  stamps,  and  the  Poca- 
hontas (formerly  the  Dead  wood-Terra),  of  160  stamps. 
A  cyanide  plant,  to  treat  the  leachable  portion  of  the 
tailings  from  these  North  End  mills,  has  recently 
been  installed  and  put  into  operation  at  Gayville,  or 
Blacktail,  as  it  is  now  known. 

The  Homestake  lower  level  ore,  which  comprises 
the  greater  part  of  that  being  milled  at  Lead,  may 
be  described  as  a  hornblende,  garnetiferous  schist  or 
slate,  which  has  been  crushed  and  infiltrated  with 
free  silica  and  pyrites,  the  latter  being  about  7%  or 
8%  of  the  ore,  and  comprising  pyrite,  pyrrhotite  and 
traces  only  of  chalcopyrite  and  arsenopyrite. 

The  standards  used  in  this  discussion  are:  The 
United  States  gold  dollar,  the  United  States  short 
ton  of  2000  pounds  avoirdupois,  and  the  value  of  an 
ounce  of  fine  gold,  $20.67.  Percentages  are  given  by 
weight,  and  not  by  volume.  Sizings  are  classed  as 
coarse  (that  portion  of  the  sample  which  will  remain 
on  a  100-mesh  screen;  diameter  of  wire,  0.00433 
inches;  size  of  opening,  0.00575  square  inches);  mid- 
dles (the  material  finer  than  the  opening  of  the  above 
100-mesh  screen,  und  coarser  than  the  opening  of  the 
commercial  200  mesh  screen  as  given  below) ;  and 
fines  (the  material  which  will  pass  a200-mesh  screen; 
diameter  of  wire,  0.00216  inches;  size  of  opening, 
0.00312  square  inches).  A  further  subdivision  of  fines 
is  also  mentioned,  which  is  based  upon  the  granular, 
or  angular,  condition  of  one  portion  and  the  floccu- 
lent,  or  amorphous,  condition  of  the  remaining  por- 
tion of  these  fines. 

Milling. — The  ore  receives  its  first  crushing  in 
rotary  breakers  at  the  hoists,  and  this  product  va- 
ries in  size  from  that  of  a  sea  sand  up  to  rock  having 
an  extreme  dimension  of  4  inches.  From  bins  at  the 
hoists  at  Lead  the  broken  ore  is  trammed  to  the 
three  mills,  i.  e.,  the  Homestake  and  Golden  Star, 
containing  200  stamps  each,  and  the  Amicus  (formerly 
the  Highland),  in  which  there  are  140  heads,  making 
a  total  of  540. 

From  the  mill  bins  the  ore  passes  to  the  mortar, 
which  is  of  the  now  celebrated  Homestake  narrow 
pattern,  where  it  is  crushed  between  cast  iron  shoes 
and  dies,  the  weight  of  the  stamp  when  equipped  with 
new  iron  being  900  pounds,  the  drop  10}  inches  and 
falling  eighty-eight  times  per  minute. 

The  screen  is  of  the  steel  needle  slot  type  No.  8, 
and  the  bottom  of  the  screen  opening  averages  10 
inches  above  the  top  of  the  dies. 

The  long  drop,  high  discharge  and  small  area  of 
screen  openings  produce  an  extremely  fine  pulp, 
about  80%  passing  a  100  mesh  screen,  and  it  is  to  the 
writer  a  most  remarkable  fact  that  under  these  con- 
ditions such  a  high  stamp  duty  is  maintained,  it  being 
fully  four  tons  per  stamp  per  twenty-four  hours. 

This  duty  is  possible  only  because,  first,  of  the  very 
favorable  nature  of  the  ore,  the  slate  and  pyrite 
crushing  readily  and  the  quartz  being  an  excellent 
medium  of  attrition;  secondly,  of  the  large  propor- 
tion of  water  used,  being  from  eight  to  ten  times  the 
weight  of  ore  crushed;  and,  thirdly,  of  the  narrow 
mortar,  which  is  only  12  inches  wide  at  the  lip. 

This  very  fine  and  thin  pulp  is  in  the  most  excel- 
lent condition  for  amalgamating,  which  process  is 
conducted  both  inside  the  mortar  and  outside,  on  full- 
size  plates  in  series  (each  54xl44xi  inch)  to  each 
mortar.  The  first  of  these  is  a  copper  plate  and  the 
other  three  are  silver-plated  copper,  the  weight  of 
plating  being  two  ounces  per  square  foot,  and  all  sil- 
ver plating  being  done  at  the  works.  The  addition 
of  the  three  silver  plates  to  each  stamp  battery  by 
Mr.  Grier  has  proven  one  of  the  most  valuable  steps 
in  the  treatment  of  this  ore  and  has  brought  about 
an  additional  profit  amounting  to,  approximately, 
$250,000  during  the  year  1902,  over  and  above  what 
would  have  been  realized  from  amalgamation  had  the 
outside  plate  surface  been  only  that  of  the  one  cop- 
per plate,  which,  by  the  way,  is  considered  ample 
in  many  of  the  large  modern  plants  of  the  day. 

In  connection  with  amalgamation,  the  practice  at 

♦Read  at  Trans.  Am.  Mln.  Congress,  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  and  to  be 
read  at  Oot.  meeting  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.,  New  York  City. 


£18 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3,  1903. 


the  Homestake  conforms,  as  far  as  conditions  will 
permit,  to  the  theory  that  the  maximum  results  are 
obtained  when  the  temperature  of  the  water  used  in 
the  batteries  is  low  enough  to  exert  the  minimum  in- 
fluence on  the  minerals  of  the  ore,  and  it  is  contended 
that  the  plate  yield  proves  the  correctness  of  this 
theory. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  investigate  the  question 
of  amalgamation  and  finer  crushing  in  other  gold- 
producing  sections,  particularly  in  South  Africa, 
where  the  yield  from  this  source  is  reported  to  be 
from  55%  to  60%,  as  compared  with  70%  to  75%  at 
the  Homestake.  Perhaps  finer  crushing  would  not 
only  greatly  increase  their  amalgam  yield,  but  also 
reduce  the  values  lost  in  their  cyanide  residues.  This 
seems  the  more  likely  for  that  country,  because  their 
slimes  have  been  proved  to  have  value  sufficient  for 
secondary  treatment,  whereas  this  has  not  yet  been 
proved  at  the  Homestake,  where  the  advisability 
of  sliming  such  a  large  proportion  of  the  ore  has 
been  a  debatable  point,  because  the  slimes  here  con- 
tain only  85  cents  to  $1.10  in  value  per  ton.  But  of 
this  more  will  be  said  later. 

The  cost  of  milling  in  the  200-stamp  mills  at  Lead 
is,  approximately,  40  cents  per  ton. 
(to  be  continued.) 


> 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 

b 


3 


PATENTS  ISSUED  SEPTEMBER  22.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 

Gold  Separator.— No.   739,231;    W.  Snee,  West 
Elizabeth,  Pa. 


In  pneumatic  separator,  combination  of  casing 
having  closed  hopper  shaped  upper  portion  and  re- 
duced lower  body  portion  open  at  bottom,  screen 
mounted  in  opening  in  side  walls  of  hopper  shaped 
portion,  feed  spout  extending  into  upper  portion  of 
casing  to  point  below  bottom  of  screen,  and  nozzle 
extending  into  reduced  portion  in  alinement  with 
feed  spout  to  direct  blast  of  air  against  powdered 
ore  entering  through  spout. 

Blast  Furnace.— No.  739,281;  M.  Blanchard  and 
C.  D.  Williams,  Dillard,  Or. 


An  apparatus  comprising  a  primary  furnace  and 
secondary  furnace,  flue  connecting  lower  portions  of 
furnaces  and  constituting  slag  pit,  tap  pipes  com- 
municating with  slag  pit,  tuyeres  arranged  at  inter- 
vals in  height  of  primary  furnace,  blast  pipe  com- 
municating with  upper  portion  of  primary  furnace, 
and  escape  pipe  communicating  with  upper  portion 
of  secondary  furnace. 


Melting  Furnace.— No.  739,340;   J.  B.   Orbison, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 


A  melting  furnace  mounted  on  trunnions,  means  to 
oscillate  said  furnace,  and  a  longitudinally  disposed 
barrier  or  dam  at  the  bottom  of  the  furnace,  to  cause 
mixing  of  alloys  as  the  furnace  is  oscillated.  Melting 
furnace  mounted  on  trunnions,  having  longitudinally 
disposed  barrier  at  bottom  of  furnace,  in  combination 
with  rotatory  gear  and  crank  for  operating  furnace, 
crank  pin  connected  with  furnace,  and  pitman  pro- 
vided with  hook  for  detachably  connecting  rotatory 
crank  with  crank  pin,  whereby  furnace  is  mechan- 
ically oscillated.  

Process  of  Treating  Refractory  Complex  Ores 
of  Gold  and  Silver.— No.  739,374;  C.  E.  Baker  and 
A.  W.  Burwell,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 


Process  of  treating  ores  of  gold  and  silver  contain- 
ing base  metal  or  metals  and  metalloid,  which  con- 
sists of  combining  metalloid  with  chlorine,  vaporizing 
and  separating  metalloid  chloride  from  base  metals 
in  ore. 


Ore  Roasting  Furnace- 
taine,  Iola,  Kans. 


-No.  739,485;  C.  A.  Fon- 


The  combination  with  ore  roasting  furnace,  of  in- 
clined guiding  rails  extending  therethrough,  and 
gravity  rake  car  adapted  to  be  propelled  through 
furnace  by  gravity,  and  provided  with  stirring  de- 
vices.   

Coal  Mining  Machine.— No.  739,335;  G.  Musch- 
weck  and  J.  Tudas,  Carnegie,  Pa. 


In  machine  of  character  described,  combination  of 
frame  mounted  on  suitable  truck,  boring  shaft 
rotatably  mounted  in  frame  and  carrying  series  of 
adjustable  cutters,  shaft  mounted  in  frame  having  at 
one  end  a  toothed  wheel  adapted  to  engage  some  fixed 
surface  for  purpose  of  moving  machine  when  shaft  is 
revolved,  other  end  of  shaft  having  sprocket  connected 
therewith  through  ratchet  and  pawl,  chain  adapted 
to  be  passed  over  sprocket,  one  end  of  same  being 
anchored,  thereby  to  retard  movement  of  machine, 
motor  mounted  in  frame  and  suitably  geared  to 
boring  shaft,  shaft  for  moving  entire  machine  later- 
ally and  axle  of  truck. 


Scorifier  Tongs.— No.  739,419;  J.  M.  Hyde,   San 
Francisco,  Cal. 


Tongs  comprising  two  limbs  moving  toward  and 
from  each  other  in  determined  plane,  and  furnished 
with  holders  on  limbs,  each  extending  from  plane  of 
movement  of  its  limb  to  engage  vessel,  holder  on  one 
of  limbs  being  furnished  with  opening  through  which 
material  may  be  poured  from  vessel  held  by  tongs. 

Rock  Drilling  System.— No.  739,551;  J.  G.  Ley- 
ner,  Denver,  Colo. 


In  rock  drilling  system,  combination  with  operative 
air  compressor,  air  receiver  or  reservoir,  air  supply 
system  and  rock  cutting  drill  bit,  compressed  air 
actuated  rock  drilling  engine,  operatively  connected 
to  compressed  air  supply  pipe  system,  and  contain- 
ing water  passage  to  cutting  point  of  rock  cutting 
drill  bit,  water  passage  being  arranged  to  communi- 
cate with  compressed  air  passages  through  rock 
drilling  engine,  portable  water  supply  tank  provided 
with  a  supply  of  water  connected  by  flexible  tube  or 
hose  to  water  passage  through  rock  drilling  engine, 
and  provided  with  flexible  tube  or  hose  connection 
with  compressed  air  supply  system,  and  water  inlet 
to  tank,  whereby  compressed  air  actuates  rock 
drilling  engine,  and  forces  water  from  tank  through 
rock  drilling  engine,  and  air  and  water  is  commingled 
together  and  discharged  from  drill  bit  into  bottom  of 
hole  being  drilled. 


Mine  Tipple.  - 
Haute,  Ind. 


-No.  739,341;  G.  W.  Parker,  Terre 


Mine   tipple,  with  retaining  hopper  and  means  for 

\  discharging    material    into    hopper,    of    separating 

screens,   mine   run  chute,    bottom  for  hopper,  and 

means  for  swinging  bottom  to  discharge  either  upon 

screens  or  into  mine  run  chute. 


Extraction  of  Precious  Metals  from  Their  Ores. 
— No.  738,758;  J.  B.  de  Alzugaray,  London,  England. 

The  process  of  extracting  precious  metals  from 
ores,  consisting  in  first  moistening  crushed  ore  with 
alkaline  solution,  afterwards  agitating  it  in  solvent 
solution  and  blowing  through  it  oxidizing  agent  of 
gaseous  bromine  and  its  acid  and  oxyacide  compounds 
dissolved  in  air,  and  recovering  metals  from  solvent. 


October  S,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


219 


Drift  Timbering. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

The  requirements  of  drift  timbering  vary  to  a 
greater  or  less  extent  with  the  character  of  the 
ground  to  be  timbered.  Heavy  ground,  as  well  as 
that  which  swells  upon  exposure  to  the  atmosphere, 
requires  the  most  substantial  kind  of  timbering,  and 
experience  has  demonstrated  that  in  many  instances 
the  heaviest  timbers  employed  in  such  places  are  in- 
sufficient to  sustain  the  pressure  for  long  periods — 
several  months — without  reinforcement  or  renewal. 

There  is  a  material  difference  between  ground 
which  is  simply  heavy,  dead  weight  and  that  which  is 
known  as  swelling  ground.  The  former  is  of  some- 
what local  occurrence,  and  particularly  in  the  case 
of  drift  timbering,  for  as  the  ground  undercut  in 
drifting  has  a  tendency  to  fall,  owing  to  the  natural 
force  of  gravity,  the  timbers  placed  support  a 
greater  or  less  load,  and  the  surrounding  mass  af 
fords  what  may  be  termed  lateral  or  adjacent  sup- 
port, and  the  timbers  are  thus  relieved  of  much  of 
the  load.  In  the  case  of  swelling  ground,  however, 
it  is  very  different.  Here  the  pressure  is  not  wholly 
due  to  gravity,  for  it  may  be  exerted  from  either 
side  as  well  as  from  the  top,  and  in  some  instances 
even  from  the  bottom  of  the  gangway,  as  in  many 
drift  mines,  and  also  in  quartz  mines.  In  each  case 
swelling  ground  must  be  timbered  as  the  require- 
ments demand.  It  is  not  infrequently  the  case  that 
in  slate  a  drift  may  show  little  or  no  evidence  of 
swelling  at  the  time  the  excavation  is  made,  but  in  a 
few  weeks  this  pressure,  due  wholly  to  swelling  of 
the  rocks,  is  very  much  in  evidence,  and  reinforce- 
ment or  renewal  of  timbers  is  necessary. 

In  many  places  where  drifting  top  weight  only  has 
to  be  provided  for,  there  being  little  or  no  tendency 
on  the  part  of  the  walls  to  cave.  The  accompanying 
sketches  will  illustrate  some  of  the  principles  of  drift 
timbering  under  the  conditions  most  usually  encoun- 
tered in  mining. 

Fig.  1  illustrates   the   framing  and  placing  of  a 


Fig.  I. 

drift  set  of  simplest  construction,  in  which  top  weight 
only  is  contemplated.  It  will  be  observed  that  the 
lagging  is  driven  under  no  unusual  difficulties,  no 
"bridge"  being  used.  In  the  case  of  " bad  stand- 
ing" ground,  where  the  back  of  the  drift  caves  as 
fast  as  the  cutting  is  made,  it  is  often  absolutely  nec- 
essary to  employ  the  bridge. 

The  framing  of  the  timbers  shown  in  Fig.  1  is  of 
the  simplest  sort.  The  cap  has  a  shallow  "dap"  f 
inch  deep — more  or  less,  depending  on  the  size  of  the 
timbers — cut  in  both  ends  on  the  under  side.  The 
right-angled  cut  along  the  inner  edge  of  the  dap  is 
beveled,  as  shown  in  the  cut.  The  function  of  this 
bevel  is  to  reduce  the  tendency  of  the  cap  to  split 
under  pressure  at  the  line  where  the  cap  rests  upon 
the  posts.  The  posts  are  also  beveled  on  the  upper 
inner  edges  to  fit  the  bevels  of  the  cap.  The  dotted 
squares  indicate  the  position  of  the  sprags,  which  ex- 
tend from  set  to  set,  to  keep  them  from  "riding." 
These  sprags  are  placed  so  as  to  catch  both  cap  and 
post. 

In  Fig.  2  is  shown  a  set  intended  for  conditions 
somewhat  similar  to  those  just  described.  There 
are,  however,  two  important  differences  in  these 
sets.  The  cap  is  without  framing  of  any  sort,  and 
the  full  strength  of  the  timber  is  thus  secured.  To 
prevent  the  incrowding  of  the  posts,  a  piece  of  plank 
of  proper  length  is  spiked  to  the  under  side  of  the 
cap  before  setting  up.  This  resists  any  pressure 
from  the  sides.  Its  cost  can  readily  be  figured,  the 
price  of  lumber  being  known.  The  posts  set  upon  a 
sill,  as  shown.  The  object  of  the  sill  is  to  sustain  the 
entire  set  from  downward  movement,  and  is  used 
when  the  floor  of  the  level  is  soft  and  offers  poor  sup- 
port to  the  posts,  as  is  often  the  case  in  wet  ground. 
It  will  be  noticed  that  the  sill  has  daps  cut  at  the 
end,  similar  to  those  in  the  cap  shown  in  Fig.  1.  It 
might  be  considered  good  practice  to  employ  a  spiked 


plank  on  the  sill,  as  beneath  the  cap.  In  some  in- 
stances this  might  be  permissible,  but  if  T  rails  are 
to  be  used  for  track  the  spikes  would  have  a  tend- 
ency to  split  the  planks  and  thus  render  the  track 


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1    1     1      1      1      1     1     1     1 

1       II 

t 1 

1                       1 

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1                      1 

1 

SILL 

insecure.  If  a  track  be  made  of  scantling,  surfaced 
with  strap  iron,  the  plank  may  be  used. 

Concerning  the  sprags,  some  timber  men  cut  daps 
for  them  in  the  posts  and  cap,  and  others  simply 
secure  them  with  a  couple  of  wire  spikes.  The 
method  adopted  should  be  determined  by  the  size  of 
timbers  necessary  and  the  character  of  the  ground. 
Where  round  timbers  are  used,  suitable  flat  surfaces 
may  be  quickly  made  on  the  sides  of  posts  and  caps 
for  the  sprags  at  the  time  of  framing. 

Fig.  3  illustrates  the  manner  in  which  some  inex- 


'■  ''r  I  //''/    I  V  ."■l.y/'/l     .,■.'!■  "\v  \>«i//,\llli»\ 


j'llU  I 


■I -">!■■ 


\  \ 

fig.   3- 


perienced  miners  frame  drift  sets.  It  will  be  noticed 
that  nearly  one-half  of  the  strength  of  the  cap  is  lost 
by  this  method,  and  if  the  top  pressure  be  heavy  the 
cap  will  certainly  split  horizontally  along  a  line  flush 
with  the  top  of  the  post.  The  spiked  plank  is  in 
every  way  superior  to  it  and  more  economical  in 
the  end. 

The  small  sketch  occupying  the  center  of  Fig.  3 
shows  another  method  of  framing  the  inner  corner  of 
post  and  cap,  and  is  much  employed.  The  tendency 
of  either  post  or  cap  to  split  is  checked  by  the  shoul- 
ders on  both  timbers. 

Fig.  4  illustrates  the  placing  of  a  single  stull,   and 


rig.  4- 

may  be  utilized  where  both  walls  are  good.     It  is 
adapted  more  particularly  to  drifts  on  veins  having 


more  or  less  inclination  than  to  drifts  run  through 
country  rock.  It  is  sometimes  necessary  to  place  a 
line  of  stulis  in  this  manner,  upon  which  may  be  laid 
poles  for  stoping  above.  In  some  mines  stopes  are 
started  from  raises,  leaving  a  solid  block  of  ore  be- 
tween the  drift  or  gangway  and  the  stope,  but  this 
is  not  always  desirable,  for  financial  reasons. 
Fig.  5  illustrates  another  method  of  placing  and 


supporting  stulis  where  the  foot  wall  is  too  soft  to 
afford  permanent  support  to  a  line  of  stulis.  This 
method  can  be  employed  in  drifts  of  considerable 
width.  The  poles  placed  behind  the  post  will  perma- 
nently hold  either  the  soft  wall  or  any  filling  which 
may  be  thrown  behind  them.  It  is  a  method  of  plac- 
ing drift  sets  not  commonly  seen,  but  it  answers 
admirably  in  places  suited  to  the  method.  This 
scheme  is  not  advised  for  swelling  ground,  as  the 
post  could  not  resist  the  thrust,  and  it  would  be 
promptly  pushed  into  the  drift.  It  can  be  made  of 
large  timbers  and  will  be  found  enduring  when  prop- 
erly placed  in  ground  suited  to  it. 

The  question  of  drainage  is  always  important,  and 
should  be  provided  for  when  running  all  level  cut- 
tings in  wet  mines,  whether  the  quantity  of  water  be 
great  or  small.  The  grade  should  be  sufficient  to 
permit  the  water  to  flow  freely.  It  is  obvious  that 
a  drain  which  is  kept  clear  of  debris  admits  of  a 
lighter  grade  than  one  obstructed  by  muck,  chips  and 
other  mine  trash.  The  position  of  the  drain  should  be 
determined  by  the  character  of  the  walls.  In  some 
cases  it  is  advisable  to  construct  the  drain  beneath 
the  track,  instead  of  at  one  or  both  sides,  as  is  usu- 
ally done.  It  is  desirable  to  drain  the  water  from 
soft  walls,  and  the  water  drain  should  be  placed  as 
far  from  such  walls  as  possible. 

In  Fig.  6  is  shown  a  type  of  drift  set  which  is,  per- 


\      s    .  /■ 


I  *.  o. 


haps,  in  more  common  use  than  those  above  shown, 
for  the  reason  that  in  most  cases  it  is  found  neces- 
sary to  meet  more  or  less  side  pressure,  as  well  as 
that  from  the  top.  Sets  framed  in  the  manner  of 
Fig.  5  are  the  only  ones  which  can  be  made  to  suc- 
cessfully resist  swelling  ground — that  is,  where  sim- 
ple drift  sets  are  employed.  In  some  cases  a  differ- 
ent form  of  drift  set  is  used  in  large  veins  where  the 
walls  are  heavy  or  the  ground  swells.  One  of  these 
forms  is  that  known  as  the  square  and  half  set. 
Where  the  post  is  set  upright  in  the  center  of  the 
drift  and  a  cap  reaches  from  the  center  post  to  the 
adjacent  wall,  sets  of  this  kind  permit  of  relieving 
the  ground,  which  is  the  best  way  to  maintain  tim- 
bers in  position  in  ground  of  this  character.  Fig.  5 
illustrates  the  use  of  the  bridge  in  driving  lagging. 
This  is  a  very  useful  method  where  the  ground  has  a 
tendency  to  cave  from  the  back  as  fast  as  cut  out  at 
the  face.  The  position  of  the  bridge  is  indicated  by 
B.  It  is  temporarily  supported  on  the  wedges  W.. 
As  the  cutting  proceeds  beyond  the  set  in  place, 
the  ends  of  lagging  are  inserted  between  the  top  of 
the  cap  and  the  bridge  and  driven  forward  to  the; 


220 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3,  1903. 


face,  keeping  the  ends  pointed  well  upward.  The 
upward  direction  of  the  lagging  may  be  maintained 
by  inserting  a  block  of  wood  between  the  tail  end  of 
the  lagging  and  the  lagging  already  in  place  over- 
head. As  the  lagging  is  driven  forward  the  front 
ends  will  gradually  work  down.  It  is  almost  impos- 
sible to  keep  them  up,  and  when  they  have  been 
driven  as  far  forward  as  their  length  will  admit  the 
ends  should  rest  on  top  of  the  bridge  of  the  next  set 
which  has  been  placed  in  position  to  receive  them. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Testing  Methods  in  the  Physical 

Examination  of  Portland 

Cements.* 

NUMBER  I. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
A.  H.  Cedebbeeg. 

This  article  has  been  prepared,  not  for  the  purpose 
of  criticising  co-laborers  in  this  so  very  interesting 
field,  but  merely  to  give  the  public  and  the  profes- 
sion the  result  of  methods  pursued  and  observations, 
as  they  have  appeared  to  me,  in  the  6238  tests  of 
Portland  cement  samples  that  has  been  carried  on 
more  or  less  directly  under  my  personal  supervision 
for  a  period  of  four  years.  The  domestic  brands  ex- 
amined have  been  as  follows  :  Atlas,  Alpha,  Dra- 
gon, Vulcanite,  Lehigh,  Medusa,  Golden  Gate, 
Standard,  "Whitehall,  American  Alsen,  Star,  A.  A., 
Giant,  etc.  The  foreign  brands  examined  have  been 
Alsen,  Hemmoor,  Condor,  Schifferdecker,  Josson 
and  Germania.  About  70%  of  the  tests  of  the  domes- 
tic brands  were  of  unseasoned  cement,  and  balance 
of  tests  of  domestic,  as  well  as  foreign  cements,  were 
of  seasoned  cement,  that  is,  a  cement  that  has  been 
stored  thirty  days  or  longer. 

Numerous  statements  have  been  made  from  time 
to  time  by  "would-be  experts"  on  the  West  coast 
that  no  unseasoned  Portland  cement  can  stand  boil- 
ing tests.  If  such  experts  would  take  the  trouble 
and  visit  some  of  the  laboratories  of  the  big  cement 
works  in  Pennsylvania,  they  would  no  doubt  open 
their  eyes  and  acknowledge  their  ignorance  on  the 
subject  and  return  a  good  deal  wiser.  They  would 
find  that  the  manufactured  product  is  submitted  to 
testing  as  soon  as  it  has  left  the  pulverizing  machines, 
and  so  up  to  date  and  self-reliant  is  the  manufacturer 
that  he  refuses  to  even  put  on  the  market  a  "  non- 
boiling  "  unseasoned  cement  and  sell  it  as  a  Portland 
cement. 

In  the  progress  report  of  the  special  committee  on 
uniform  tests  of  Portland  cement,  appointed  by  the 
American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  and  which  re- 
port is  published  in  this  year's  January  proceedings 
of  the  society,  the  order  in  which  the  tests  are 
enumerated  is  as  follows: 

1.  Specific  gravity.  2.  Fineness.  3.  Normal  con- 
sistency. 4.  Time  of  setting.  5.  Tensile  strength. 
6.  Constancy  of  volume  divided  into:  a.  Normal  or 
cold  water  test.    b.  Accelerated  or  boiling  test. 

As  the  last  named  is  the  most  severe,  as  well  as  the 
quickest  and  most  unerring  in  detecting  any  un- 
soundness in  a  sample,  I  prefer  in  this  article  to 
enumerate  the  tests  in  the  same  order  as  is  found  on 
page  154  in  "Portland  Cement;  Its  Manufacture, 
Testing  and  Use,"  by  D.  B.  Butler,  and  which  is  as 
follows  : 

1.  Constancy  of  volume  or  "  test  for  soundness,"  as 
Mr.  Butler  very  pointedly  calls  it,  divided  into — 
(a)  cold  water  test;  (b)  boiling  test.  2.  Fineness  of 
grinding.  3.  Tensile  strength.  4.  Time  of  setting. 
5.  Specific  gravity. 

I  believe  that  this  order  of  testing  admirably 
answers  in  proportion  to  the  various  tests  relative 
importance  which  will  henceforth  be  apparent. 

Soundness  Test — Cold  Water  Test. — This  test  is 
the  oldest  test  for  soundness  used  and  consists  in 
making  pats  (neat  cement  and  water  +  65°  @  +  75° 
F.  in  proper  proportions),  about  3"  @  Bi"  square 
and  \"  thick,  with  slightly  beveled  edges  on  a  piece 
of  glass  4"  x  4".  As  soon  as  the  pat  is  set  hard  it  is 
immersed  in  water  ( +  65°  @  +  75°  F.)  for  a  limited 
period.  The  old  rule  was  that  if  at  the  end  of  seven 
days  the  pat  showed  no  signs  of  cracking  or  warping, 
or  alteration  from  its  original  form,  the  cement  from 
which  the  pat  was  made  was  pronounced  sound. 
This  test  is  nowadays  applied  to  both  natural  and 
Portland  cements,  but  it  is  in  many  laboratories  dis- 
pensed with  entirely,  as  being  too  slow  to  conclu- 
sively prove  the  good  or  bad  qualities  of  the  cement 
to  be  tested.  Very  often  it  has  been  found  to  be 
unreliable,  inasmuch  as  pats  of  same  cement,  while 
showing  sound  qualities  on,  say,  thirty  days  immer- 
sion, would  at  longer  periods  of  immersion  disinte- 
grate. As  a  rule  a  cold  water  test  is  of  benefit  to 
the  tester  only  in  case  the  cement  is  very  bad,  and 
even  then  this  test  will  not  discover  the  fault  unless 
a  comparatively  long  period  has  elapsed.  Of  the 
domestic  brands  tested  by  me  I  have  generally  made 
one  cold  water  test  to  every  twenty-four  of  the  boil- 
ing test. 

Boiling  Test. — The  test  I  have  used  has  been  the 

*  Copyrighted. 


Michaelis  boiling  test,  which  in  brief  is  as  follows:  On 
a  4"  x  4"  glass  a  pat  of  neat  cement  is  made,  about 
3"  in  diameter  and  tapering  from  \"  or  \"  in  thick- 
ness in  center  to  writing-paper  thickness  at  the  edge 
or  periphery.  The  pat  is  generally  allowed  to  re- 
main under  a  damp  cloth  until  it  has  obtained  its 
final  setting,  when  it  is  removed  to  a  copper  tank  or 
suitable  chamber  containing  two  compartments,  one 
upper  and  one  lower.  The  lower  compartment  is 
partly  filled  with  water  in  which  a  temperature  of 
+  212°  F.  is  maintained.  The  upper  compartment  is 
separated  from  the  lower  by  means  of  wire  netting 
in  the  form  of  a  basket,  and  steam  from  the  boiling 
water  in  the  lower  compartment  is  allowed  to  rise 
through  this  wire  basket  into  the  upper  compart- 
ment, thus  allowing  a  continuous  testing  operation. 
The  cement  pat,  having  obtained  its  final  setting,  can 
be  immersed  in  either  compartment  first,  as  I  have 
failed  to  notice  any  difference  in  the  behavior  of  the 
pats,  whether  boiled  and  steamed  or  steamed  and 
boiled.  The  general  practice  is  to  steam  the  pats 
first  and  boil  them  afterwards.  They  remain  in 
either  compartment  generally  five  hours  each, 
although  some  manufacturers  keep  the  pats  in  for 
ten  hours  in  each  compartment  before  "letting  them 
go."  If  after  the  end  of  ten  hours  or  more  of  boiling 
and  steaming  the  pat  shows  no  sign  of  blowing, 
warping,  cracking  or  alteration  from  its  original 
form  the  cement  from  which  the  pat  was  made  is 
pronounced  sound. 

As  above  stated,  the  pats  are  allowed  to  set  hard, 
that  is  obtain  final  set,  before  being  put  into  the 
boiling  tank,  and  while  for  the  sake  of  fair  uniformity, 
this  is  but  proper,  I  will  state,  however,  that  on 
numerous  occasions  I  have,  in  order  to  save  time, 
allowed  the  pats  to  obtain  only  initial  set  before  be- 
ing subjected  to  steam  or  boiling  water,  and  without 
having  no  liced  any  difference  in  the  behavior  of  the 
pat  that  was  allowed  to  set  hard.  These  tests  have 
been  with  unseasoned  cement  with  the  excep- 
tion of  two,  in  which  the  cement  was  about  eight 
months  old  and  of  foreign  brand.  If  a  cement  is  in 
any  way  unsound  it  will  soon  be  discovered  in  this 
+  212°  F.  test,  and  from  three  to  five  hours  is  gener- 
ally sufficient  to  develop  even  a  very  slight  discrep- 
ancy. In  a  number  of  tests  made  of  a  domestic 
brand  recently  put  on  the  market  even  thirty  min- 
utes boiling  in  +  180°  F.  water  broke  up  the  pat 
entirely,  while  seven  days  immersion  in  cold  water 
had  only  succeeded  in  loosening  the  pat  from  the 
glass,  and  first  after  thirty- three  days  immersion  did 
cracks  commence  to  appear  in  the  cold  water  pat. 
In  conjunction  with  this  I  will  state  that  whenever 
the  boiling  test  was  satisfactory  no  cold  water  pat 
showed  any  sign  of  alteration  from  original  form  even 
after  having  been  observed  for  over  sixteen  months. 

Great  stress  is  laid  upon  the  assertion  that  the 
pat  should  stick  to  the  glass.  While  a  pat  in  a  per- 
fect cement  generally  sticks  hard,  the  fact  that  the 
pat  loosens  from  the  glass  is  no  cause  for  worry.  A 
perfect  cement  loosens  from  the  glass  only  when  not 
being  put  on  properly  by  the  tester.  Too  much  air, 
more  or  less  locally  and  mechanically  compressed 
during  the  pressing  of  the  cement  dough  against  the 
glass,  will  naturally  expand  when  subjected  to  heat, 
and  being  unable  to  force  its  way  through  the  hard 
set  cement,  chooses  the  easier  way  of  just  lifting  the 
pat  bodily  from  the  glass.  If  a  pat  loosened  from 
the  glass  shows  alteration  in  any  form  from  the 
original  then  there  is  cause  for  worry.  A  small 
straight  edge  set  against  the  bottom  side  of  the  pat 
will  soon  discover  if  the  pat  has  warped  or  blown.  If 
on  the  other  hand  the  glass  upon  which  the  pat  was  laid 
did  not  have  a  perfect  level,  then  the  straight  edge 
is  less  reliable,  and  another  "  trick"  can  be  resorted 
to.  Try  and  break  off  small  pieces  from  the  thin 
edges  of  the  pat.  If  the  sound  produced  by  the 
cracking  is  sharp  it  is  a  good  sign;  if  the  sound  is 
dull  the  cement  is  suspicious.  Cracks  as  they  appear 
in  pats  are  either  hair  fine  or  very  large,  or  both, 
and  in  each  instance  the  cement  is  not  safe  in  its 
present  condition.  The  defects,  such  as  described, 
which  come  to  light  by  this  excellent  test  are  the  re- 
sult of  the  following  causes,  either  singly  or  col- 
lectively : 

First — Incorrect  analyses  of  raw  materials,  result- 
ing in  incorrectly  proportioned  raw  mixtures,  i.  e., 
overlimed  and  undersilicised,  underlimed  and  over- 
silicised.  This  is  the  analytical  chemist's  fault  en- 
tirely and  should  never  be  tolerated.  The  operation 
in  the  analyzing  of  raw  materials  is  so  concise  and 
clear  that  only  carelessness  or  ignorance  can  err 
against  same.  The  resultant  cement  from  such  mix- 
ture is  and  will  always  be  unreliable. 

Second — Incorrect  proportions  of  raw  materials 
that  have  been  properly  analyzed.  The  fault  is  then 
purely  mechanical  and  it  is  up  to  the  man  in  charge 
of  automatic  scales  or  platform  scales  to  give  an 
account  of  himself.  A  chemist  can  easily  check 
these  mixtures  by  resorting  to  the  so-called  calci- 
meter  test,  which  here  is  accurate  enough  for  all 
practical  purposes. 

Third — Too  coarse  grinding  of  an  otherwise  perfect 
raw  material  mixture.  The  fault  is  due  to  overfeed- 
ing of  the  pulverizing  machines,  and  hence  is  purely 
mechanical.  Can  easily  be  overcome  if  the  fineness 
of  the  raw  material  was  checked  regularly  during 
the  operation  of  the  plant. 

Fourth — Underburned  clinkers.  The  cause  for 
this  is,  providing  conditions  in  cases  Nos.  1,  2  and  3 


are  complied  with,  carelessness  on  the  part  of  the 
burner  and  should  never  be  allowed.  Underburned 
clinkers  cause  the  falling  down  of  Portland  cement 
on  the  boiling  test  more  often  than  any  other  defect. 

Fifth — An  overdose  of  plaster  of  paris  or  gypsum, 
due  to  carelessness  entirely. 

Sixth— Too  coarse  ground  clinkers,  thus  prevent- 
ing necessary  chemical  changes  during  the  setting  of 
the  cement.  Due  to  overfeeding  or  pulverizing  ma- 
chines. 

The  question  may  arise,  What  is  to  be  done  with  a 
cement  that  refuses  to  stand  the  boiling  test  ?  My 
answer  is,  "Throw  it  out,"  or  store  it  away  and  sell 
it  for  what  it  is.  Don't  call  it  Portland  cement.  If 
a  cement  is  overlimed  the  chances  are  that  seasoning — 
for  which,  however,  no  time  limit  can  be  set — will 
prove  an  effective  cure  in  connection  with  extreme 
fine  grinding.  If,  however,  even  finest  of  grinding, 
say  98%  through  a  100  mesh,  would  not  in  conjunction 
with  due  seasoning,  say  two  or  three  months,  accom- 
plish the  desired  result,  such  cement  is  more  or  less 
unsound  and  should  be  sold  as  such. 

Taking  all  in  all,  this  boiling  test,  simple  and  effect- 
ive as  it  is,  may  justly  be  called  the  forerunner  of  all 
other  tests,  and  if  this  test  shows  a  defective  cement, 
a  good  deal  of  time,  labor  and  money  can  be  saved  in 
as  much  as  to  the  engineer  or  contractor,  all  other 
tests  are  and  should  be  of  no  value,  consequently 
useless. 

Again  I  state  that  never  in  any  of  the  6238  tests 
have  I  record  of  an  instance  where  a  boiling  test,  if 
satisfactory,  did  not  act  as  a  safe  guarantee  for  a 
sound  cement,  and  of  all  the  tests  not  conducted  by 
me,  but  which  have  been  brought  to  my  notice,  I 
know  of  only  two  instances  when  a  guaranteed  per- 
fect boiling  test  resulted  in  disintegrated  briquettes 
after  several  months.  One  of  these  two  I  traced 
and  found  as  follows:  The  cement  sample  of  which 
the  tests  were  made  was  a  "laboratory  product." 
In  the  pat  for  boiling  test  no  plaster  paris  was  used, 
while  the  cement  in  the  briquettes  showed  an  over- 
dose of  Ca  So4.  Hence  the  cause  here  was  plain 
enough.  In  the  other  instance  I  was  never  allowed 
to  get  at  the  truth.  I  was  only  showed  the  disinte- 
grated briquettes,  but  not  the  boiled  pat,  which,  I 
was  told,  was  perfect.  A  brand  recently  put  on  the 
market  was  tested  under  my  direction  on  boiling  and 
fell  to  pieces  entirely.  First  four  and  a  half  months 
later  did  the  same  cement  show  any  inclination  to 
stand  up  on  the  boiling  test,  and  only  after  thorough 
sieving.  In  the  meantime  some  cement  of  the  same 
shipment  had  been  used  in  two  engineering  works, 
and  in  one  of  them,  where  the  thickness  of  the  con- 
crete was  about  12",  it  resulted  in  complete  disinte- 
gration, whereas  in  the  other,  where  it  was  put  in  a 
heavy  foundation  wall,  there  is  at  this  date  no  out- 
ward sign  of  cracking.  This  cement,  although  very 
fine,  was  heavily  overlimed.  Another  brand  also  re- 
cently put  on  the  market  has  shown  the  same  trouble- 
some symyptoms. 

Fineness  op  Grinding  Test. — While  this  test  may 
be  readily  omitted  if  the  sample  stands  up  well  on  the 
boiling  test,  it  is  nevertheless  of  great  interest  to 
the  experienced  tester  or  engineer,  and  will  often 
serve  as  a  guide  in  estimating  the  value  of  the 
"cementing  properties"  of  the  sample  submitted. 
The  testing  method  in  itself  is  very  simple  and  con- 
sists in  sieving  a  portion  of  the  cement  in  a  rather 
easy  fashion  through  a  100  or  200  mesh  sieve,  with 
wire  gauges  of  0.0045  and  0.0024  respectively.  Care 
should  be  taken  that  only  dried  cement  is  used,  and 
in  case  of  well  seasoned  cements  (over  three  months 
old)  the  test  sample  should  be  evaporated  before 
tested.  The  present  commercial  standard  for  fine- 
ness of  Portland  cement  varies  in  various  countries, 
with  a  slightly  higher  percentage  in  favor  of  the 
United  States.  Here  the  fineness  of  all  first-class 
Portland  cements  are  from  90%  to  96%  through  a 
100-mesh  sieve  and  74%  to  86%  through  a  200-mesh 
sieve.  If  a  cement  not  previously  submitted  to  boil- 
ing test  is  ground  finer  than  the  maximum  figures 
above  quoted,  one  has  in  many  cases  reason  to  be  a 
little  suspicious,  because  no  cement  manufacturer, 
who  has  dollars  and  cents  at  heart,  can  deny  the 
truth  that  the  cost  of  increasing  the  fineness  above 
96%  and  86%  is  so  excessive  that  profits  are  ma- 
terially reduced,  and  consequently  there  must  be 
some  reason  for  such  excessive  fine  grinding  (see 
causes  for  non-boiling  cement).  Any  Portland  ce- 
ment that  in  its  fineness  corresponds  to  the  figures 
above  quoted  is  more  than  fine  for  all  practical  pur- 
poses. On  the  other  hand,  if  a  sample  registers  98% 
on  100  mesh  and  at  the  same  time  stands  up  satis- 
factory on  the  boiling  test,  such  cement  is  naturally 
of  a  superior  quality,  and  which  will  generally  display 
itself  in  an  increased  tensile  strength  on  the  sand 
test.  Portland  cements  registering  below  90%  fine- 
ness on  100  mesh  are  also  satisfactory  for  all  ordinary 
purposes,  and  ten  years  ago  even  88%  fine  was 
considered  an  unusually  fine  cement.  The  great 
number  of  cement  plants,  however,  that  have  re- 
cently been  erected  all  over  the  country,  have  cre- 
ated a  spirited  rivalry  in  the  production  of  a  higher 
grade  of  product,  which  chemically  consisted  in  an 
increased  percentage  of  lime  and  resulting  physically 
in  a  necessitated  increase  of  fineness.  While  these 
changes  are  not  only  satisfactory,  but  beneficial  as 
well,  and  especially  so  to  the  engineer,  the  fact  re- 
mains that  we  are  getting  closer  to  the  danger  limit 
(i.  e.,  the  maximum  proportion  of  lime  that  a  sound 


October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


221 


cement  can  carry),  than  ever  before,  and  in  conjunc- 
tion with  this  I  may  state  that  only  in  such  plants 
where  the  most  detailed  care  is  observed  in  the 
manufacture  of  Portland  cement,  can  gratifying  re- 
sults be  obtained.  From  the  above  we  find  that 
extreme  fine  grinding  (above  96%  or  86%)  is  gener- 
ally the  result  of  two  different  causes  : 

First — A  new  manufacturer's  desire  to  put  on  the 
market  a  superior  product. 

Second — A  manufacturer's  desire  to  shield  as  much 
as  possible  an  overlimed  or  underburned  product. 

The  first  cause  is  very  quickly  abandoned  owing  to 
its  being  too  expensive. 

The  second  cause  is  a  matter  of  necessity  in  order 
to  save  a  product  which  is  only  the  result  of  gross 
carelessness  on  the  part  of  the  heads  in  charge  of 
the  plant.  The  boiling  test  will  soon  set  all  doubts  at 
rest  on  that  score,  hence  its  value. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Some  Notes  on  the  Use  of  Fuel  Oil. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Sidney  Okville  Brown. 

Having  had  my  attention  called  to  an  article,  writ- 
ten by  Mr.  A.  D.  Barnhardt,  of  Prescott,  A.  T.,  in 
the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  of  May  30,  1903, 
the  writer  has  thought  that  some  further  observa- 
tions along  those  lines  might  be  of  public  interest.  In 
the  year  1888  the  writer  built,  in  Los  Angeles,  a  cir- 
cular crucible  furnace,  and  applied  an  oil  burner  in 


Oil  Fuel  Melting  Furnace. 

the  reverse  manner  from  that  shown  in  Mr.  Barn- 
hardt's  illustration;  and  in  1901  built,  in  Philadelphia, 
a  combination  furnace  of  much  larger  size,  and 
wherein  were  incorporated  some  novel  features.  As 
shown  in  the  drawings  herewith,  there  were  three 
furnaces  leading  into  one  stack,  the  larger  one,  "A," 
being  for  the  production  of  nitrogen.  But  the  pur- 
pose of  the  others  it  is  not  necessary  to  disclose. 
The  furnace,  "  A,"  had  a  double  row  of  thin  wrought 
tubing,  connected  together,  and  having  the  capacity 
to  hold  3000  pounds  of  cast-iron  borings.  It  was 
ellipsoidal  in  shape,  both  vertically  and  horizontally, 
and  the  flue  led  out  from  the  bottom,  as  it  should 
always  do,  in  oil  furnaces,  if  due  regard  be  had  for 
economy  in  fuel.  The  burner,  "a,"  was  placed  one- 
third,  and  the  burner,  "b,"  two-thirds  of  the  dis- 
tance up  from  the  bottom;  and  it  was  remarkable 
how  little  fuel  was  required  to  maintain  a  most  uni- 
form and  adequate  degree  of  temperature.  In 
twenty  minutes  from  the  time  of  firing  up,  the  cast- 
iron  could  be  melted — as  was  once  actually  done, 
owing  to  the  inexperience  of  the  attendant. 

The  other  furnaces  were  circular  in  plan,  and 
conoidal  through  their  vertical  sections.  In  furnace 
"B  "  was  used  the  largest  sized  graphite  crucible, 


capable  of  holding  1000  pounds  of  steel;  and  this  was 
subjected  to  a  very  high  degree  of  heat.  One  burner 
was  placed  4  inches  below  and  the  other  8  inches 
above  the  center  of  the  crucible;  and  the  swirl  of 
flame,  which  completely  enveloped  the  crucible, 
heated  it  very  uniformly  throughout.  In  the  con- 
struction of  such  furnaces,  the  avoidance  of  all  angles 
is  a  matter  of  first  importance.  The  melting  fur- 
naces, wherein  the  flames  are  made  to  impinge 
directly  against  the  crucibles,  are  about  as  crude 
and  irrational  contrivances  for  the  application  of 
heat  as  could  well  be  devised.  Mr.  Barnbardt's 
sketch  suggests  the  remark  that  the  burners  should 
always  be  placed  so  that  the  flame  may  be  deflected 
to  the  right.  Under  boilers,  of  the  return-tubular 
type,  at  least  three  burners  should  be  placed — con- 
centrically to  the  boiler — instead  of  one;  and  if  the 
owners  would  do  this,  they  would  find  the  life  of  the 
boilers  to  be  materially  lengthened. 

In  the  locomotive  firebox  it  is,  of  course,  highly  im- 
portant to  obtain  the  most  diffusive  flame.  Desiring 
to  accomplish  this  in  a  chemical  apparatus  of  similar 
shape  to  a  firebox,  the  writer  arranged  a  burner  at 
the  four  lower  corners,  and  the  flames  were  directed 
nearly  to  a  common  center,  with  the  result  that  a 
perfect  uniformity  of  heat  was  secured.  Dependent 
upon  the  relative  proportions  of  the  firebox,  the 
front  burners  should  be  placed  at  an  angle  of  about 
50°,  and  the  rear  burners  at  an  angle  of  about  30°,  or 
in  such  a  way  as  to  fix  the  common  center  of  impact, 
at  a  point  about  three-fifths  of  the  distance  from  the 
fire  door  to  the  tube  sheet.  If  the  burners  be  de- 
flected slightly  to  the  left  of  the  lines  of  a  common 
center,  a  swirl  of  flame  will  be  induced  and  there  will 
be  no  greater  necessity  for  lining  the  firebox  than  if 
solid  fuel  were  used. 


Copper  Production  in  1902. 

The  recently  issued  bulletin  of  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey  on  the  production  of  copper  in 
1902,  by  C.  Kirchhoff,  shows  that  the  manipulation 
of  the  market  resulted  to  the  disadvantage  of  the 
producers.  The  copper  interests  are  too  widely  dis- 
associated to  make  it  possible  to  maintain  copper  at 
an  artificially  high  price  for  any  considerable  period. 
The  production  during  1902  was  heavier  than  in  1901, 
but  the  end  of  the  year  1901  found  many  producers 
with  contracts  for  large  amounts  of  metal  at  low 
prices,  the  delivery  of  which  covered  a  long  period  of 
time.  During  the  greater  part  of  1902  most  of  the 
larger  producers  were  in  full  operation  and  a  number 
of  new  enterprises  which  had  been  a  year  or  more  in 
the  preparatory  stage  entered  the  producing  list.  It 
is  estimated  that  the  production  during  1903  will  ex- 
ceed that  of  1902,  unless  stoppages  due  to  labor 
troubles  and  other  causes  interfere.  An  increased 
production  is  anticipated  from  nearly  all  producing 
sections.  The  total  production  of  copper  in  the 
United  States  during  1902  is  stated  to  have  been 
294,423  long  tons,  of  which  the  Lake  Superior  region 
furnished  25.9%,  Montana  43.8%  and  Arizona  18.2%. 
It  is  estimated  that  during  1902  there  were  consumed 
in  the  United  States  551,688,131  pounds  of  refined 
copper.  The  marked  fluctuations  of  the  market  are 
largely  due  to  the  fact  that  the  marketing  of  the 
metal  is  not  under  control.  When  prices  are  low 
large  producers  hoard  their  copper  and  accumulate 
large  stocks,  and  when  prices  go  up  they  unload 
great  amounts  of  the  metal,  the  rush  to  realize  usu- 
ally resulting  in  breaking  down  the  price,  which  gen- 
erally checks  the  sales.  Small  producers  are  in  the 
market  all  the  time,  endeavoring  to  convert  copper 
into  cash  as  rapidly  as  it  is  produced,  and  in  the 
aggregate  the  small  producers  are  no  small  factor 
in  the  market.  Owing  to  this  unorganized  manner 
of  marketing  copper,  prices  fluctuated  during  1902 
from  12  cents  early  in  January  to  as  low  as  10s  cents 
later  for  Lake,  and  a  still  lower  price  for  electro- 
lytic. After  a  period  of  heavy  buying  prices  were 
stimulated  under  it  and  rose  to  13  cents,  which  re- 
sulted in  large  offerings,  and  this  immediately 
checked  the  rising  market  and  even  depreciated  it 
to  12  cents.  During  the  latter  part  of  the  year 
prices  ranged  between  11  and  12  cents.  The  pres- 
ent year  has  seen  an  improvement  on  these  prices, 
but  the  same  influences  are  still  at  work,  and  there 
can  be  no  hope  that  copper  will  ever  have  even  an 
approximately  fixed  price  so  long  as  all  the  large 
producers  act  independently.  Numerous  attempts 
have  been  made  at  various  times  in  the  past  to  con- 
trol the  copper  market,  but  no  syndicate  has  yet 
been  organized  that  has  been  sufficiently  strong  finan- 
cially to  accomplish  this.  Any  attempt  to  secure 
this  control  must  prove  abortive  that  has  not  suffi- 
cient capital  back  of  it  to  practically  own  all  the 
great  copper  mines  of  the  world.  When  the  enor- 
mous value  placed  upon  the  copper  mines  of  the 
United  States  alone  is  taken  as  a  basis  of  estimate, 
the  magnitude  of  a  controlling  power  may  be  con- 
ceived from  the  following  figures.  All  of  North 
America  produced  355,280  long  tons  of  copper  in 
1902  (of  which  the  United  States  produced  294,423 
tons).  All  of  Europe  produced  88,407  tons,  South 
America  39,020  tons,  Africa  4450  tons,  Asia  29,775 
tons,  Australasia  27,934  tons,  a  total  of  544,866  tons. 
Of  this  total  amount  the  United  States  produced 
about  54%. 


Ore    Deposits   of   the   Northern 
Black   Hills.* 


NUMBER  IV.— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  J.  D.  Irving. 


Productive  Areas. — The  productive  areas  of 
refractory  siliceous  ore  are  five  in  number  and  have 
been  severally  designated  Bald  Mountain  area,  Yel- 
low Creek  area,  Lead  City  area,  Garden  City  area, 
and  Squaw  Creek  area.  The  last-named  area  was  at 
the  time  of  survey  little  more  than  a  prospect,  but 
has  since  become  an  important  producer.  The  Bald 
Mountain  area  is  the  most  extensive  and  important. 
It  is  a  northwest-southeast  belt  of  about  1  mile  in 
width  and  4J  miles  in  length,  and  the  width  is  limited 
by  the  annular  exposure  of  Cambrian  rocks  that  sur- 
rounds the  Algonkian  nucleus  of  the  region.  The 
ore-bearing  strata  dip  to  the  southeast  and  pass 
beneath  the  Silurian  and  Carboniferous  limestone, 
while  they  have  been  eroded  from  the  Algonkian  hills 
to  the  northeast,  with  one  or  two  exceptions.  Hence, 
on  the  north  the  ore  bodies  are  exposed  at  the  sur- 
face, but  to  the  south  shafts  are  necessary  to  reach 
them.  At  the  southeast  end  this  area  is  cut  off  from 
the  Yellow  Creek  area  by  Whitewood  creek.  At  the 
northern  end  the  Cambrian  rocks  are  present  in 
nearly  their  full  thickness.  With  relation  to  the  ore 
bodies,  the  area  may  be  divided  into  two  portions, 
the  Ruby  Basin  district  and  the  Portland  district. 
In  the  former  the  shoots  are  larger  on  the  lower  ore- 
bearing  beds,  in  the  latter  larger  in  the  upper. 

The  Garden  City  area  is  situated  at  the  head  of 
Blacktail  and  Sheeptail  gulches  and  an  east  tribu- 
tary of  False  Bottom  creek.  It  is  located  on  the 
northern — as  the  Bald  Mountain  area  is  on  the  south- 
ern— rim  of  the  Cambrian  outcrop.  The  beds  dip  to 
the  northeast  and  the  shoots  so  far  mined  have  been 
on  the  lower  contact.  A  rhyolite  cap  of  great  thick- 
ness and  extent  covers  the  country  to  the  north  and 
the  Cambrian  beds  pass  beneath  it.  The  average 
trend  of  the  ore  bodies  here  is  about  north  55°  east, 
much  more  nearly  east  and  west  than  in  any  of  the 
other  areas. 

The  Lead  City  area  is  located  on  one  of  the  Cam- 
brian outliers  that  caps  the  hill  south  of  Deadwood, 
and  the  ore  bodies  extend  over  the  gold  lode  of  the 
Homestake  mine.  A  heavy  sill  of  fine-grained  rhyo- 
lite lies  above  the  Cambrian  on  the  tops  of  the  hills. 
The  ore  bodies  are  exposed  at  the  surface  on  the 
westernmost  edge  of  this  area,  but  lie  beneath  the 
shales  in  an  easterly  direction.  The  ore  from  this  dis- 
trict was  richer  than  that  elsewhere  mined  and  con- 
tained great  quantities  of  barite,  wolframite,  and  in 
several  instances  large  amounts  of  free  gold.  The 
Hidden  Fortune  mine  is  an  instance  of  this  kind. 

The  Yellow  Creek  area  is  situated  a  little  more 
than  2  miles,  slightly  east  of  south,  from  the  city  of 
Lead.  The  ore  shoots  are  in  a  thin  capping  of  Cam- 
brian strata  on  the  divide  between  Whitewood  creek 
on  the  west  and  Yellow  creek  on  the  east.  The 
shoots  lie  on  the  basal  quartzite  about  15  to  26  feet 
above  the  Algonkian.  Much  wolframite  and  barite 
are  also  found  in  the  ore  from  this  area. 

The  Squaw  Creek  area  lies  near  the  mouth  of 
Squaw  creek.  Workings  have  been  run  upon  some 
ore  bearing  beds  which  pass  rapidly  beneath  the 
Carboniferous  limestones  that  cover  the  country  to 
the  north.  The  horizon  is  just  beneath  the  scolithus 
of  "  worm-eaten"  sandstone.  Ore  bodies  of  consid- 
erable size  have  recently  been  opened  here  and  the 
district  has  become  a  productive  one. 

Value  of  the  Ores. — The  gold  contents  of  the 
ores  in  the  Bald  Mountain  area  run  from  $3  to  $4  per 
ton  to,  in  rare  instances,  $100.  The  general  average 
for  the  ores  in  this  district  is  about  $17,  and  those 
containing  from  $10  to  $20  are  of  the  most  common 
occurrence.  Ore  carrying  $35  per  ton  is  considened 
high  grade.  Some  of  the  ore  mined  from  the  Ben 
Hur  mine  yielded  upwards  of  $60  per  ton  in  gold.  As 
compared  with  the  ores  of  the  lower  beds,  those  from 
the  upper  contact  are  slightly  lower  in  grade,  so 
that  much  of  the  ore  is  often  left  in  the  mines.  They 
have  also  been  reported  to  carry  a  higher  relative 
proportion  of  silver,  but,  although  this  is  true  in  indi- 
vidual instances,  in  general  silver  ores  are  as  fre 
quent  in  the  lower  as  in  the  upper  beds. 

The  three  smaller  areas  of  siliceous  ore — Yellow 
Creek,  Lead  City  and  Garden  City — lying  over  or  to 
the  west  of  the  Homestake  ore  body  or  its  continua- 
tion, produce  ores  of  uniformly  higher  grade  than 
those  from  the  Bald  Mountain  country.  The  mineral- 
ization is  probably  later  than  the  igneous  activity, 
for  the  verticals  which  supplied  the  ores  often  cut  all 
varieties  of  eruptive  rocks. 

As  igneous  rocks  cut  strata  of  the  Fort  Benton 
Cretaceous  and  pebbles  of  the  same  rock  have  been 
found  in  the  basal  conglomerates  of  the  Neocene,  it 
would  seem,  then,  that  the  mineralization  occurred 
somewhere  between  the  Fort  Benton  and  the  Neo- 
cene, and  it  probably  represents  the  final  phase  of 
vulcanism  that  was  concomitant  with  the  elevation 
of  the  Black  Hills.  This  occurred  while  the  Cam- 
brian was  still  deeply  buried  beneath  its  covering  of 
later  formation. 

Origin  of  the  Ores. — The  refractory  siliceous  ores 
have  been  formed  by  a  process   which  involved  the 

*Trans.  Am.  Min.  Congress,  Deadwood,  S.  D. ;  (Condensed.) 


222 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3,  1908. 


gradual  removal  of  the  original  rock  substances  and 
the  simultaneous  substitution  of  the  ore  minerals. 
This  is  commonly  known  as  replacement  or  metaso- 
matic  alteration,  and  has  often  proceeded  with  so 
little  disturbance  of  the  original  rock  material  that 
both  stratigraphic  character  and  microscopic  struc- 
ture are  preserved  in  the  ore,  although  the  original 
rock  was  carbonate  and  the  ore  is  chiefly  silica.  The 
mineral  which  has  been  altered  to  form  ore  seems  to 
have  been  exclusively  dolomite,  for  where  verticals 
pass  through  rocks  of  varying  decomposition  it  is 
found  that  dolomite  also  has  been  appreciably 
affected.  The  ore  minerals  substituted  are  chiefly 
silica  and  pyrite,  with  which  there  are  minute 
amounts  of  gold  and  silver.  Smaller  quantities  of 
fluorite,  barite,  gypsum  and  several  other  accessory 
minerals  are  also  of  frequent  occurrence.  To  the 
dolomite,  whether  present  as  comparatively  pure 
beds  or  as  cementing  material  of  sandy  and  shaly 
rocks,  the  ore  minerals  have  been  transported  by 
circulating  waters.  Such  waters  have  found  in  the 
fractures  trunk  channels,  by  means  of  which  they 
have  been  enabled  to  penetrate  the  encompassing 
and  comparatively  insoluble  rocks  and  reach  the 
more  readily  replaced  material.  The  mass  of  evidence 
seems  to  show  that  these  waters  have  ascended. 

Lead-Silver  Ores  op  Galena  and  Vicinity. — 
The  ores  belonging  to  the  fourth  division  of  Cambrian 
ore  deposits  are  similar  in  form  and  mode  of  occur- 
rence to  the  refractory  siliceous  ores.  They  occur 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  town  of  Galena. 

At  one  time  these  ores  filled  an  important  place  in 
the  mineral  production  of  the  Black  Hills.  About 
twenty  years  ago  a  smelter  was  in  operation  and 
several  mines  were  producing  quite  heavily,  the 
Richmond  or  Sitting  Bull  mine  especially  having  fig- 
ured quite  prominently  in  the  silver  production. 
After  a  brief  period  of  activity,  however,  operations 
were  rather  abruptly  discontinued  and  the  district 
was  idle  until  1886,  when  operations  were  resumed, 
although  upon  a  somewhat  smaller  scale.  Work  is 
now  being  conducted  in  a  rather  desultory  manner. 
Mines  that  produced  this  character  of  ore  are  situ- 
ated in  and  about  the  town  of  Galena.  Most,  if  not 
all,  of  the  ore  bodies  are  in  strata  of  Cambrian  age. 
Some  of  the  principal  producing  mines  are  the  Rich- 
mond, Florence,  Hester  A,  Coletta,  Merritt  No.  2, 
Cora,  Carpenter,  Alexander,  Romeo  and  El  Refugio. 

The  ore  is  of  a  more  basic  character  than  that 
found  in  the  more  westerly  ore  deposits,  heretofore 
described.  When  unoxidized  it  consists  chiefly  of 
pyrite,  which  is  either  massive  or  disseminated  more 
or  less  thickly  through  the  body  of  the  country  rock. 
With  the  pyrite  is  associated  argentiferous  galena, 
and  not  infrequently  small  quantities  of  sphalerite. 
In  many  cases  the  galena  occurs  in  seams  in  the 
pyrite,  or  as  druses  of  minute  crystals  lining  the  in- 
terior of  cavities.  In  all  cases  where  they  had  not 
been  oxidized  those  two  minerals  have  been  found 
associated  in  this  manner.  The  galena  is,  therefore, 
of  later  origin  than  the  pyrite.  Occasionally  the  lat- 
ter carries  low  values  in  gold,  but  these  are  unim- 
portant. The  values  that  render  the  mines  workable 
are  contained  in  the  argentiferous  galena.  In  most 
cases  there  is  but  little  silica  associated  with  the 
ores,  but  in  the  Florence  and  Richmond  very  consid- 
erable amounts  of  secondary  silica  are  found  in  inti- 
mate association  with  the  deposits. 

Ores  in  Carboniferous  Rocks. — In  the  heavy, 
gray  limestones  of  the  Carboniferous  are  found  two 
distinct  varieties  of  ore  : 

1.  Gold  and  silver  ores  of  a  refractory  siliceous  type. 

2.  Lead-silver  ores. 

In  general,  the  Carboniferous  rocks  have  not  fig- 
ured largely  in  the  mineral  production  of  the  region. 

The  refractory  siliceous  ores  are  in  bodies  of  com- 
paratively small  size  and  are  of  less  importance  than 
those  which  occur  in  other  formations.  Two  districts 
have  been  important  as  producers,  the  Ragged  Top 
district  and  the  Carbonate  district. 

The  Ragged  Top  district  comprises  the  country 
which  lies  to  the  northwest  of  the  large  mountain  of 
phonolite  known  as  Ragged  Top.  There  is  here  a 
series  of  seven  nearly  equally  spaced  vertical  fissures 
or  veins,  which  have  been  termed  the  Ragged  Top 
verticals.  These  are  fractures  or  crevices  in  the 
heavy,  massive  limestone,  which  show  at  the  surface 
a  maximum  width  of  about  10  feet.  From  this  they 
range,  as  they  pass  downward,  to  extremely  minute 
crevices.  In  the  lower  portions,  where  the  surface 
alteration  has  not  been  extensive,  the  ore  can  be 
observed  to  pass  laterally  into  the  limestone  walls 
without  disturbance  of  the  structure  of  the  latter 
rock.  It  is  of  a  light,  uniform  buff  tint,  which  is  so 
nearly  the  color  of  the  surrounding  limestone  that  it 
is  difficult  to  distinguish  it  from  the  mineralized  rock. 
It  differs  in  its  superior  hardness  and  slight  yellow 
color.  Much  of  the  ore  is  composed  of  angular  brec- 
ciated  fragments  of  what  was  once  limestone,  but 
now  is  completely  altered  to  silica.  Traces  of  tellu- 
rium have  been  detected  in  these  ores.  At  some 
points  in  the  limestone  area  about  Ragged  Top  moun- 
tain flat,  blanket-like  beds  of  ore  are  found.  These 
are  either  without  distinct  connection  with  the  verti- 
cals or  seem  to  have  spread  out  from  them.  Some 
of  the  ore  from  these  verticals  was  quite  rich,  and  in 
general  it  carries  higher  values  than  the  siliceous 
ores  found  in  the  Cambrian  rocks. 

The  Carboniferous  siliceous  ores  have  not  at  any 


time  been  very  heavy  producers,  but  have  yielded 
small  amounts  of  ore  for  some  years.  The  cyanide 
process  has  been  used  in  their  treatment  with  much 
success. 

Lead-Silver  Ores. — Lead-silver  ores  were  in  the 
earlier  days  of  mining  in  the  Black  Hills  a  very  im- 
portant factor  in  the  production  of  precious  metals. 
They  were  found  in  the  vicinity  of  the  town  of  Car- 
bonate. In  1886  this  was  a  flourishing  camp  and  pro- 
duced considerable  silver  and  lead.  The  product  was 
almost  exclusively  that  of  the  Iron  Hill  mine,  but 
other  mines  in  the  neighborhood  added  a  little  to  the 
total,  t 

The  country  rock  that  carries  the  ore  is  the  gray 
Carboniferous  limestone,  in  which  sills,  dikes  and 
irregular  masses  of  porphyry  have  been  intruded. 
The  ore  bodies  are  of  two  kinds — large,  irregular 
bodies  of  lead  carbonate,  which  pass  in  places  into 
more  or  less  unaltered  galena,  and  generally  in  close 
contact  with  porphyry  masses,  and  partially  filled 
crevices,  which  resemble  in  a  general  way  the  verti- 
cals of  Ragged  Top. 

The  first  type  of  deposit  is  that  which  has  formed 
the  chief  source  of  silver  in  the  district,  and  this,  as 
shown  above,  was  largely  obtained  from  the  Iron  Hill 
mine.  In  this  mine  the  ore  was  a  large  mass  of 
argentiferous  lead  carbonate,  which  extended  down 
for  300  feet  on  the  east  side  of  a  thick  dike  of  fine- 
grained white  porphyry.  Much  galena,  also,  was 
found,  together  with  the  carbonates,  and  after  the 
ore  was  worked  out  a  seam  or  vertical  was  detected 
extending  downward  from  the  main  mass.  Other 
pockets  of  ore  were  also  found  at  different  points, 
and  in  one  place  a  pocket  of  vanadinite  containing 
some  four  or  five  tons  was  encountered.  Mr.  Fowler 
reports  the  occurrence  of  the  following  minerals  : 
Galena,  cerrusite,  cerargyrite,  matlockite,  wulfenite, 
pyromorphite,  plattnerite,  atacamite  and  vanadinite. 
This  type  of  ore  resembles  in  its  general  character 
and  in  its  association  with  porphyry  bodies  the  de- 
posits described  by  S.  F.  Emmons  from  Leadville, 
Colo.  Too  little  is  known,  however,  regarding  the 
details  of  the  ore  occurrence  to  afford  any  more  defi- 
nite idea  of  the  manner  in  which  it  originated  than 
the  simple  fact  that  it  is  probably  a  replacement  of 
the  limestone. 

Of  the  second  type  of  occurrence  the  most  import- 
ant case  is  that  at  the  Seabury  mine.  This 
consisted  of  an  irregular  crevice  striking  south 
85°  west  and  running  through  the  Seabury,  Iron 
Hill,  Segregated  Iron  Hill  and  Adelphi  mines, 
with  a  possible  continuation  in  the  Spanish 
R,  a  mine  in  which  some  ore  was  ob- 
tained, but  at  too  great  a  distance  for  its  relation  to 
the  others  to  be  clearly  made  out.  This  crevice 
varies  from  1  to  20  feet  in  width.  The  sides  consist 
of  a  ferruginous,  jasperoid  material,  which  replaces 
the  limestone,  often  for  2  or  3  feet  from  the  crevice, 
and  contains  at  times  galena,  lead  carbonate  and 
horn  silver  in  sufficient  amount  to  be  profitably 
worked.  The  latter  mineral  most  frequently  occurs 
as  a  thin  film  covering  druses  of  fine  quartz  crystals 
which  form  linings  to  cavities. 

The  center  of  the  crevices  was  loosely  filled  by  a 
soft,  ferruginous,  gouge-like  matter  of  a  pinkish  red 
color  and  containing  gold.  A  large  quantity  of  this 
ore  is  reported  to  have  been  mined  from  the  Sea- 
bury, and  also  from  the  west  side  of  the  porphyry 
dike,  in  the  Iron  Hill. 

Since  1891  there  seems  to  have  been  but  little  work 
done  in  this  district,  no  output  being  recorded  for 
that  period.  Within  the  last  year,  however,  a  small 
(35-ton)  cyanide  plant  has  been  erected  to  treat  the 
tailings  from  the  old  smelter. 

In  concluding  this  brief  review  of  the  ore  deposits 
of  the  northern  Black  Hills — a  subject  which  it  is  dif- 
ficult to  treat  satisfactorily  in  the  space  allowed — 
one  seems  warranted  in  dwelling  a  little  on  the  future 
prospects  of  the  region. 

Mining  communities  are,  from  the  limited  nature  of 
the  deposits  upon  which  their  activity  is  based,  gen- 
erally short  lived.  That  this  is  true  one  needs  only 
to  glance  at  the  history  of  many  Western  mining 
camps.  A  few,  it  is  true,  have,  like  Leadville,  been 
productive  for  many  years,  and  will  probably  con- 
tinue to  be  so  in  the  future,  but  there  are  few,  if  any, 
which,  if  based  wholly  upon  mineral  production,  will 
not  in  time  cease  to  thrive  as  their  economic  re- 
sources become  exhausted. 

If  the  production  of  the  region  be  prolonged  suffi- 
ciently for  the  community's  activities  to  be  directed 
along  other  lines,  what  was  once  a  mining  camp  may 
become  a  permanent  settlement.  In  the  Black  Hills 
there  are,  perhaps,  two  features  which  may  operate 
to  give  to  the  region  a  greater  permanency  than 
that  which  is  generally  seen  in  communities  which 
are  held  together  by  mining  interests.  The  first  is 
the  unusual  size  and  the  presumably  long  life  of  the 
Homestake  belt.  The  second  is  the  gradual  decrease 
in  the  cost  of  treatment  of  other  grades  of  ore  and 
the  consequent  opening  of  the  market  to  material 
previously  known,  but  hitherto  unworkable.  The 
introduction  of  the  cyanide  process  and  the  quanti- 
ties of  ore  which  may  be  treated  by  its  use  have  done 
much  to  extend  the  life  of  Black  Hills  mining.  It  is 
not  improbable  that  these  two  factors,  working 
together,  may  so  prolong  the  mineral  production  of 

tThe  Sitting  Bull  mine  at  Galena  also  produced  considerable  lead 
and  silver  about  1879-81. 


the  region  that  the  population  may  never  be  less 
than  it  is.  The  other  interests  which  grow  side  by 
side  with  the  mining  industry  may  then  have  become 
so  important,  and  so  little  dependent  on  the  mineral 
wealth  of  the  country,  that  their  existence  alone  will 
be  sufficient  to  support  the  cities  which  have  grown 
up  in  this  mining  country. 


An  Automatic  Pulp  Sampler.* 

Written  by  James  Htgham. 

Following  is  the  description  of  a  machine  invented 
by  myself,  for  the  purpose  of  automatically  sampling 
mill  pulp  and  tailings.  The  accompanying  drawing 
will  convey  an  idea  of  the  manner  in  which  the  device 
operates. 

The  sampler  crosses  transversely  to  and  fro 
through  the  pulp  stream,  the  direction  of  travel  not 
being  reversed  until  the  sample  pipe  has  passed  out 
of  the  stream  and  clear  of  the  sides  of  the  launder. 
It  can  be  given  any  travel  up  to  a  width  of  30  inches 
to  suit  the  width  of  launder. 

The  pulp  is  shot  into  the  receiver  from  the  upper 
launder  and  flows  to  the  launder  under  sample  pipe. 
The  sample  is  delivered  through  the  end  of  the  pipe 
and  conveyed  to  the  sample  tank. 

If  no  running  shaft  is  available  for  driving  the 
sampler,  it  can  be  driven  by  a  small  electric  motor, 
or  by  a  small  water  wheel  placed  in  the  stream  of 
pulp.     The  power  required  to  run  the  sampler  will 


Automatic  Pulp  Sampler. 

compare  favorably  with  machines  depending  on  a 
water  supply  for  their  operations,  and  particularly 
in  cases  where  water  has  to  be  specially  pumped. 
The  speed  is  as  nearly  positive  as  possible  and  the 
sampler  runs  continuously. 

In  the  case  of  a  machine  operated  by  falling 
weights  or  water  boxes  there  is  always  a  tendency 
to  speed  acceleration  (if  only  slight),  while  the  re- 
ceiver is  crossing  through  the  stream  of  pulp. 

The  obtaining  of  an  accurate  sample  is  generally  a 
more  difficult  matter  than  determining  accurately 
the  value  by  assay,  and  for  this  reason  the  sampler 
is  kept  running  continuously.  It  will  be  evident  that 
the  sample  taken  running  continuously  will  be  large, 
though  more  reliable.  This  may  be  quartered  down, 
or,  if  more  convenient,  a  second  sampler  (smaller) 
may  be  introduced  to  automatically  reduce  the  bulk 
taken  by  the  first  machine. 

I  have  found  the  size  of  sample  taken  by  this  sam- 
pler from  100  stamps  to  be  about  2000  pounds  per 
diem. 

The  main  objection  so  far  raised  to  this  machine  is 
that  the  sample  taken  is  too  large  for  convenient 
handling.  I  have  just  (July  31st)  been  able  to  over- 
come this  by  a  very  simple  dividing  box  that  will  re- 
duce the  bulk  of  the  first  sample  to  any  required 
percentage. 

*  Journal  Chemical,  Met.  and  Mine  Society,  S.  A. 


Prices  Paid  tor  Silver-Lead  Ores. 

An  interesting  comparison  is  made  by  the  George- 
town, Colo.,  Courier  between  the  prices  paid  for 
silver-lead  ore  when  silver  was  worth  $1.18  per  ounce 
and  the  quotations  of  the  present  time.  The  table 
was  compiled  by  Manager  J.  H.  Robeson  of  the  Peli- 
can-Dives mine  at  Georgetown,  and  was  taken  from 
shipping  receipts  of  the  Atlantic  mine  in  the  '70s. 

It  would  seem  from  this  statement  that  the  treat- 
ment charges  and  the  prices  paid  per  ounce  for  silver 
were  arbitrary,  and  that  there  was  no  fixed  rule  in 
either  case.  The  prices  paid  for  like  ores  to-day  are  not 
only  much  higher,  but  the  cost  of  mining  is  at  least 
25%  less  than  it  was  in  the  '70s.  The  attention  of  in- 
vestors is  called  to  these  facts,  and  to  the  additional 
fact  that  ore  that  could  not  be  mined  twenty-five 
years  ago  yields  a  good  profit  to-day: 


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May  4, 1875..  683.. 
Aug.  4,  1875.  258. 
Dec.  10,  1875.  373. 
July  3,  1876..  312. 
Dec.  20,  1876.  273. 
Dec.  22,  1877.  600.. 
Jan.  22,  1878.1159.. 


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October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


223 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

Tho  Juneau  U;Coru-Mlner  says  the 
Jualln  mines,  near  Juneau,  have  closed 
down  temporarily  on  account  of  low 
water.  Not  only  is  southeastern  Alaska 
dry,  but  Rampart,  Circle  and  Forty-mile 
all  report  "no  water."  Miners  from  the 
Forty-mile  Bay  the  river  is  so  low  that 
boats  can  not  be  poled  up  it.  Transporta- 
tion companies  report  the  Yukon  Is  so  low 
that  it  is  feared  thousands  of  tons  of 
freight  that  are  waiting  will  not  go  down 
the  river  to  Dawson  before  navigation 
closes. 

C.  R.  Parmele,  president  of  the  York- 
Alaskan  Tin  Corporation,  reports  making 
shipment  to  New  York  of  their  first  clean- 
up of  tin.  The  result  of  the  first  two  days 
of  sluicing  was  a  ton  of  clean  tin  ore.  He 
says  the  ground  in  and  about  York  pros- 
pects well.  There  has  been  little  develop- 
ment. His  company  owns  claims  18,  19 
and  20  and  the  entire  right  fork  of  Butte 
creek,  but  can  do  little  this  year  except  to 
open  up  the  mines. 

ARIZONA. 

GRAHAM  COUNTY. 
The  Sierra  del  Oro  Co  ,  having  taken 
over  a  number  of  claims  in  Greenlee  dis- 
trict, between  the  Frisco  river  and  the 
Clifton  Con.  Co.  property,  near  Clifton, 
has  begun  a  tunnel  which  will  cut  the 
first  vein  in  1000  feet  at  depth  of  600 
feet,  and  the  second  at  1000.  The  veins 
are  prospected  by  open  cuts  for  6000  feet. 
The  tunnel  starts  2200  feet  above  the 
river,  on  which  the  company  owns  a  pat- 
ented millsite,  to  which  the  ore  will 
be  trammed.  The  tunnel  is  being  run 
near  the  center  of  the  claims,  so  that 
drifts  can  be  run  either  way.  D.  M.  Pot- 
ter is  manager  and  G.  Reed  of  Cripple 
Creek,  Colo.,  superintendent. 
Two  additional  seven-ton  converters  have 
been  set  up  at  the  smelter  of  the  Arizona 
C.  Co.  at  Clifton.  They  occupy  the 
place  of  the  old  five-ton  converters  which 
were  worn  out.  The  A.  C.  smelter  con- 
sists of  three  stands,  each  being  supplied 
with  seven-ton  converters,  and  the  output 
will  average  sixty-five  tons  of  90%  copper 
per  day,  says  the  Clifton  Copper  Era. 

MOHAVE  COONTY. 
The  Sorpresa  M.  Co.  has  men  at  work 
on  the  Granite  Wonder  mine,  south  of 
Kingman,  and  Is  opening  up  ore.  The 
shaft  is  being  sunk  and  drifting  done.  A 
mill  is  proposed. 

PIMA  COUNTY. 

Near  Arivaea  D.  Ball  Is  developing  the 
Columbus  and  Longarino  claims.  At  the 
Oceanic  mine  the  3-stamp  mill  of  1000- 
pound  stamps  Is  running  steadily,  Bays 
Superintendent  F.  H.  Veeder.  Twenty- 
five  men  are  employed.  The  ore  is  show- 
ing well  at  a  depth  of  500  feet. 
PINAL  COUNTY. 

The  Troy-Manhattan  C.  Co. 's  smelter 
at  Troy  Is  again  In  full  operation  and 
shipments  of  copper  bullion  have  been  re- 
sumed. It  was  intended  not  to  restart  the 
Bmelter  till  the  Phcenix  &  Eastern  Rail- 
road reached  Riverside,  but  ore  accumu- 
lated so  fast  they  found  it  necessary  to 
begin  reduction  to  make  room  for  the  ore 
coming  out  of  the  mines  daily  in  course  of 
development  work.  A  larger  plant  will 
be  put  in  when  the  railroad  is  finished, 
says  Superintendent  T.  Kavanaugh. 
SANTA  CRUZ  COUNTY. 

At  the  Old  Oro  Blanco  mine  at  Oro 
Blanco  men  are  developing  a  body  of  gold 
ore.  At  the  Tres  Amigos  mine  there  are 
forty-five  men  working  and  a  10-stamp 
mill  Is  being  built  by  the  company. 
YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

In  Turkey  Creek  section,  at  the  foot  of 
the  Bradshaw  mountains,  southeast  of 
Prescott,  Manager  E.  S.  Campbell  of  the 
Hidden  Treasure  mine  says  the  founda- 
tions are  being  made  for  machinery  to  he 
set  up,  Including  a  10-stamp  mill,  a  hoist 
with  capacity  for  1000  feet  depth,  two  60 
H.  P.  boilers,  engine  and  a  thirty-ton 
cyanide  plant.  Surveys  have  been  made 
for  a  pipe  line  from  a  spring  4  miles  dis- 
tant. 

The  Oro  M.  Co  ,  at  Minnehaha,  is  put- 
ting in  machinery,  including  a  fifteen- 
drill  air  compressor  and  a  compound  en- 
gine. More  men  will  be  put  on  and  the 
Bhaft  sunk  to  depth  of  1000  feet. 

The  International  &  Onyx  Marble  Co. 
of  Denver,  Colo.,  and  London,  England, 
men,  have  bought  the  Big  Bug  onyx  fields, 
and  made  payment  of  $5000  on  total  of 
$150,000. 

The  Monte  Cristo  mine  at  Groom 
creek  has  been  unwatered  and  more  men 
are  being  put  on.  They  are  down  400 
feet  and  running  a  crosscut  to  the  ledge. 


CALIFORNIA. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  Arrange- 
ments were  made  by  Manager  John  Ross 
Jr.,  while  in  the  Eas't  a  short  time  since, 
to  resume  operations  at  the  Wlldman-Ma- 
honey  mine  at  Sutter  Creek,  which  has 
been  closed  down  for  several  months.  It 
is  the  Intention  to  explore  the  Wildman- 
Maboney  from  the  1950-level  of  the  Lin- 
coln mine,  which  adjoins  the  Mahoney  on 
the  north.  The  1950-level  of  the  Lincoln 
is  about  600  feet  deeper  than  the  lowest 
level  of  the  Wildman.  The  vein  formation 
of  both  the  Wildman  and  Mahoney  is  much 
broken  and  disturbed  between  the  800  and 
1400  levels  of  these  mines,  and  it  Is  thought 
that  this  region  of  disturbance  may  not 
have  extended  to  the  depth  of  the  con- 
templated development. 

Sutter  Creek,  Cal.,  Sept.  29th. 

Drifting  1b  In  progress  on  the  2300  and 
2400-foot  levels  of  the  South  Eureka  mine, 
near  Sutter  Creek.  The  drift  is  being 
driven  north  and  south  on  the  2300  level 
and  northward  only  on  the  2400  level. 
CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 

At  the  Royal  mine  at  Hodson  Manager 
Kemp  Van  Ee  has  the  120  stamp  mill  run- 
ning steadily. 

COLUSA  COUNTY. 
The  lease  of  the  Minor  Oil  Co.,  In  Bear 
valley,  has  been  absorbed  by  the  Bear 
Creek  Oil  Co.,  with  headquarters  at  Corn- 
ing. A  hole  has  been  drilled  900  feet  and 
is  reported  to  be  in  oil  sand.  Drilling  has 
been  resumed. 

CONTRA  COSTA  COUNTY. 
R.,  H.  &  G.Mitchell,  who  own  the  Mitch- 
ell Con.  copper  mine  at  Cananea,  Sonora, 
Mexico,  are  reported  negotiating  for  the 
Copper  King  smelter  at  Bay  Point,  and  it 
is  said  if  they  do  not  succeed  in  acquiring 
the  property  from  the  creditors  of  the 
Copper  King  Co.  they  will  build  a  smelter 
on  a  site  already  secured  near  Antioch. 
The  Bmelter  will  be  operated  In  connection 
with  the  development  of  a  number  of  Mex- 
ican copper  mines  owned  by  the  Mitchells 
and  their  associates.  All  will  be  reached 
by  the  Kansas  City  and  Orient  railroad, 
being  bult  to  Topolobampo  on  the  Gulf  of 
California. 

EL   DORADO  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Lucero 
M.  Co.  at  the  Alpine  mine,  S.  Collins  fore- 
man, is  keeping  the  water  out  of  the 
shaft,  but  no  other  work  is  being  done  at 
present.  Water  power  Is  used,  and  a  sep- 
arate wheel  for  each  drives  the  hoist, 
pump  and  mill.  The  mill  contains  a 
crusher,  5-foot  Huntington,  amalgamation 
tables  and  two  concentrating  tables.  In- 
ternal troubles  in  company  affairs  is  said 
to  be  the  cause  of  shutdown. 

The  Oro  Fino  M.  Co.'s  California  Jack 
mine  has  transferred  all  its  holdings  to  S. 
L.  Mitchell,  of  Los  Angeles.  The  mine  is 
idle.  They  have  the  main  drift  In  700 
feet,  with  stopes  and  crosscuts  showing 
ore.  A  10-stamp  mill  is  on  the  property, 
equipped  with  water  power.  This  Is  the 
south  extension  of  the  Alpine  mine. 

Setter  Bros,  have  put  on  a  windlass, 
cleaned  out  the  80- foot  shaft  on  the  O.  K. 
mine,  east  of  Georgetown,  and  have  oreB 
in  the  bottom  of  the  shaft.  They  propose 
to  increase  development  during  the  win- 
ter. 

Georgetown,  Sept.  30. 

Men  are  at  work  on  the  Cash  Rock  mine 

on  the  river  below  Josephine. The  El 

Dorado  C.  M.  Co.  will  increase  develop- 
ment work  on  its  gold  mines  in  George- 
town. 

Duffy  &  Vestal  of  Forest  Hill  are  re- 
ported to  have  leased  the  Daggett  ditch 
and  bonded  the  Phillips'  gravel  claim 
near  Josephine.  Preparations  are  being 
made  for  the  winter's  run. 

FRESNO   COUNTY. 

The  Esperanza  Oil  Co.,  near  Coalinga, 
J.  A.  Bunting  of  San  Francisco,  president, 
has  finished  No.  3  well  and  started  on  No. 
4.  Development  work  will  be  continued 
on  the  Coalinga  lease. 

The  production  of  Section  Seven  Oil 
Co.'s  well  necessitated  the  laying  of  a 
separate  6-inch  line  connecting  it  with 
the  P.  C.  O.  tank  at  Coalinga,  says  the 
Reporter.  Thus  far  the  production  of 
the  well  has  been  Increasing,  and  has 
yielded  up  to  2500  barrels  in  twenty-four 
hours.  Grading  for  two  1200-barrel  tanks 
is  completed  and  as  soon  as  they  are  up 
No.  2  well  will  be  perforated. 

INYO  COUNTY. 
G.  Vornberg  of  Mt.  Spring  canyon,  near 
Independence,  has  his  3-stamp  mill,  triple 
discharge,  completed  and  began  dropping 
the  stamps  this  week.  The  mill  is  ex- 
pected to  handle  eighteen  tons  per  day. 

KERN  COUNTY. 
(Special  Correspondence). — The  last  car- 
load of  thirty-two  men  for  the  Yellow 
Aster  arrived  at  RandBburg  to-day.  They 
now  have  about  200  men  and  have  had 
the  100-stamp  mill  running  since  the  23d. 


They  will  start  the  30-stamp  mill  this 
week.  They  will  make  their  second  ship- 
ment of  bullion  October  2d.  There  has 
been  no  violence  and  no  damage  done  to 
the  property. 

Randsburg,  Sept.  29. 

The  Gold  Coin  mine  near  Randsburg  is 
in  operation. N.  Johnson  and  P.  Jen- 
sen have  a  lease  on  the  Minnehaha  mine 
and  have  begun  work. 

The  Merced  mine,  near  Randsburg,  has 
been  incorporated,  and  R.  L.  Owens  of 
Satieoy,  Ventura  county,  is  president. 
The  company  will  sink  a  shaft  to  open  the 
Santa  Ana  lead. 

The  Baltic  mine  in  Stringer  district, 
near  Randsburg,  has  started  work. 

The  Lackawanna  Oil  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized to  operate  in  the  Kern  River 
fields,  near  Bakersfield,  by  T.  Spellacy, 
E.  E.  Jones,  J.  E.  Haworthy   and   A.  H. 

Liscomb,  all  of  BakerBfield -The  Teck 

OH  Co.  has  been  Incorporated  with  head- 
quarters in  San  Francisco  by  H.  &  L. 
Rosenfeld,  W.  Walker,  I.  S.  Lillich,  of 
San  Francisco,  and  A.  H.  McKay,  of 
Santa  Barbara. 

The  Bakersfield  Californian  says  the 
number  of  new  companies  entering  the 
Kern  county  fields  within  the  last  month 
show  plans  for  Increased  development 
work.  Thosa  companies  are  the  Lacka- 
wanna and  Veteran,  on  Kern  river;  the 
Transport,  at  Sunset;  the  Argentine  and 
the  Teck,  and  several  otherB  preparing 
to  incorporate.  The  amount  of  develop- 
ment work  to  be  done  by  the  old  compa- 
nies will  also  be  increased. 

The  Exposed  Treasure  M.  Co.  at  Mojave 
Is  enlarging  its  milling  plant  by  putting  in 
ten  more  stamps. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

Work  is  reported  progressing  at  the 
Black  Bear  quicksilver  mine,  owned  by 
BruBh,  Pinschower,  Caldwell  &  Furber  of 
Cloverdale.  The  Black  Bear  is  20  miles 
from  Cloverdale,  Sonoma  county,  and  1} 
mile  from  the  Culver-Baer  quicksilver 
mines.  During  the  past  year  they  have 
tunneled  in  400  feet  and  last  week  struck 
a  ledge  14  feet  wide  carrying  promising 
quicksilver  values. The  Socrates  quick- 
silver mine  has  bought  the  property  of 
the  Mercury  mine  and  ore  is  being 
opened  up. 

MARIPOSA  COUNTY. 

L.  De  Perhacs,  of  the  American  Gold 
Eagle  Co.,  Con.,  of  New  York,  haB  bonded 
several  mines  in  Bull  Creek  district,  east  of 
Coulterville.  Besides  the  claims  which 
they  have  bought  in  Bull  Creek  district, 
they  have  a  bond  on  the  Ontario,  Claw- 
hammer, Minnepah,  Two-thirty  and  Gold 
Bank,  and  also  a  bond  on  the  Democrat 
and  Compromise  claims.  They  also  have 
an  option  on  the  Marble  Springs  and 
Eubanks  patented  claims.  The  claims 
are  all  adjacent.  Machinery  will  he  put 
in  and  development  work  started.  Later, 
a  mill  will  be  built. 

The  Diana  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  on  the 
North  Fork  of  the  Merced  river  near  Coul- 
terville, report  development  work  pro- 
gressing and  showing  high'-grade  milling 
ore.  Sinking  has  been  discontinued  and 
Superintendent  Soderberg  has  started 
drifting  on  the  vein. 

MONO   COUNTY. 

A  tunnel  is  being  run  by  Bell  &  Annear 
on  the  lignite  deposit  at  Cottonwood,  says 
the  Bodie  Miner-Index.  The  coal  Is  11 
feet  In  width. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 

The  New  York-Grass  Valley  M.  Co.  Is 
preparing  to  increase  the  capacity  of  the 
milling  plant  on  its  group  near  Grass  Val- 
ley. 

The  work  of  laying  8000  feet  of  24-lnch 
pipe  to  connect  the  Empire  mine  at  Union 
hill,  near  Grass  Valley,  with  the  South 
Yuba  W.  Co.  reBervolr  on  Banner  hill  was 
finished  last  week  and  connected  with  the 
reservoir.  Heretofore  the  Empire  has 
depended  on  the  22-inch  pipe  line  of  the 
Brunswick  mine  for  its  water  Bupply. 

Manager  H.  G.  Brunnier,  of  the  Conlin 
mine,  Grass  Valley,  says  it  is  proposed  to 
build  a  mill.  The  mine  will  be  run  by 
electric  power. 

C.  Gresswell  and  A.  G.  Harvey,  of  San 
Francisco,  have  bonded  the  Alta  and 
Bingham  mining  properties  at  Washing- 
ton. They  adjoin  those  operated  by  the 
Yuba  D.  Co. 

C.  A.  Poage,  for  Chicago  men,  has 
bonded  the  Independence  mine,  between 
Nevada  City  and  Omega,  and  Bays  he  will 
Btart  development  work  next  week. 

Manager  G.  Lezinsky  of  the  Gold  Tun- 
nel M.  Co.  put  men  at  work  last  week  at 
the  East  Orleans  mine  on  Gold  Flat,  near 
Nevada  City,  sinking  a  new  shaft  150  feet 
east  of  the  incline  shaft.  Work  is  going 
ahead  in  drifting  east  and  west  along  the 
ledge  from  the  incline  at  a  depth  of  100 
feet.  From  the  east  drift  a  raise  will  be 
made  to  connect  with  the  shaft. 

At  the  Central  mine  of  the  North  Star 
Co.,  2  miles  south  of  Grass  Valley,  a  body 
of  ore  6  feet  in  width  was  struck  in  the 
3900  -  foot    level   last    week.    The   ledge 


shows  free  gold.  The  raise  which  will 
put  the  Central  in  direct  connection  with 
the  North  Star  will  be  completed  this 
month.  The  work  on  the  mill  la  in  full 
blast,  says  Manager  A.  D.  Foote. 

The  Rosey  mine,  near  Grass  Valley,  has 
its  10-stamp  mill  In  operation,  says  W. 
H.  Bray,  manager. 

An  electric  cable,  encased  in  lead,  2700 
feet  in  length  and  weighing  five  and  one- 
half  tons,  is  being  put  in  at  the  California 
mine  at  Gaston  Ridge,  having  been  hauled 
in  from  Emigrant  Gap.  The  cable  Is  for 
use  in  the  tunnel  and  will  transmit  power 
to  an  underground  hoist. 

H.  Hucklns,  manager  of  the  Quartz 
Quarry  gold  mine,  near  North  San  Juan, 
says  they  are  preparing  to  build  a  mill 
and  also  to  put  a  bridge  across  the  South 
Yuba  river.  Work  is  progressing  at  the 
mine. 

At  the  Le  Compton  mine  in  Willow  val- 
ley, near  Nevada  City,  Superintendent 
Dunlap  is  wiring  the  incline  shafts  and 
the  drifts  for  electric  lights. 

Superintendent  Kaler,  of  the  Grey  Eagle 
mine,  near  Washington,  is  putting  in  a  5- 
drill  compressor.  Operations  are  tempo- 
rarily suspended  because  of  lack  of  water. 
During  the  shutdown,  concentrators  and 
an  electric  lighting  plant  will  be  put  in. 
There  is  a  560-foot  tunnel.  The  ledge  has 
an  average  width  of  3J  feet.  The  mill  is 
of  ten  stamps.  Superintendent  Kaler 
proposes  to  enlarge  the  water  system  so 
as  to  give  ample  motor  power  the  year 
around. 

W.  Wheeler  says  his  locations  on  Big 
Canyon  creek,  3  miles  btlow  Bowman's 
dam,  Including  the  Hawkeye,  Ophir  and 
Excelsior,  will  he  consolidated  and  the 
Hawkeye  Con.  M.  Co.  incorporated.  By 
extending  the  tunnel,  from  1200  to  1500 
feet  of  backs  can  be  secured.  The  North 
Bloomfield  ditch  is  high  enough  above  the 
mouth  of  the  tunnel  to  give  ample  power 
for  machinery.  The  property  Ib  10  miles 
from  Emigrant  Gap,  on  the  main  line  of 
the  C.  P.  railroad. 

J.  E.  Poigndestre  of  Grass  Valley,  with 
San  Francisco  men,  have  incorporated  the 
Western  Pacific  Mines  Dev.  Co.  of  Cali- 
fornia. They  control  the  Gold  Blossom 
mine  on  Union  Hill,  near  Grass  Valley, 
and  will  start  operations  this  week. 

The  Phelps  Hill  mine  near  Nevada  City 
has  been  sold  to  W.  P.  Ketcham  and  C.  C. 
Poage  of  Chicago,  111.,  and  H.  Benson  of 
Reno,  Nov.  Besides  operating  the  mine, 
the  new  owners  will  put  up  a  sawmill  and 
make  use  of  the  timber  that  covers  the 
property. 

PLACER    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— G.  B.  Knoff 
at  the  Eureka  has  ore  for  the  Malmberg 
mill.  Auburn  ravine.  This  ore  has  aver- 
aged $11  per  ton. 

C.  A.  Reed  is  extracting  ore  on  the  St, 
Lawrence  mine,  cobbing  the  richest  sul- 
phurets  for  shipment  to  Selby's. 

The  Crandall  has  let  a  contract  for  a 
100-foot  shaft  to  A.  Johnson  and  others. 

A  contract  has  been  let  by  the  Crater 
Co.  for  100  feet  of  drift,  to  extend  the  400- 
foot  level. 

The  Boulder  mine  is  unwatered  and 
active  operations  are  looked  for. 

The  Bellevue  mine  owners  contemplate 
sinking  on  and  reopening  the  property. 

Auburn,  Sept.  30. 

Superintendent  E.  C.  Gaylord  Is  putting 
in  a  Huntington  mill  at  the  Gaylord  mine 
near  Auburn,  to  be  used  in  conjunction 
with  the  rotary  mill  now  in  use.  As  soon 
as  the  water  company  can  furnish  suffi- 
cient water,  he  expects  to  have  forty  men 
at  work,  says  the  Placer  Herald. 

PLUMAS  COUNTY. 
Superintendent  Lawton  of  the  Plumas 
G.  M.  Co.  at  Greenville  says  the  machin- 
ery has  been  set  up  in  the  15-stamp 
mill,  and  It  is  expected  to  be  in  full  opera- 
tion this  month. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 

The  Copper  M.  &  S.  Co.  has  a  bond  on 
the  Graham  group  of  claims,  and  the 
Allen  &  Alexon  extension,  on  the  western 
slope  of  Horse  Creek  mountain,  4  mileB 
west  of  De  Lamar.  At  one  place  a  75-foot 
shoot  of  ore  Is  said  to  be  blocked  out. 
The  bond  is  said  to  be  for  $30,000. 

The  Inca  Treasure  M.  Co.,  operating  a 
group  of  claims  on  Dog  creek,  near  Delta, 
near  Redding,  Is  taking  out  ore  and  mak- 
ing shipments  to  the  smelter.  The  re- 
turns show  the  ore  averaged  $37  in  gold. 
The  Inca  Co.  will  build  a  milling  plant  on 
the  property  and  the  consolidation  of  sev- 
eral other  adjacent  claims  is  in  contempla- 
tion. 

SIERRA  COUNTY. 

Men  have  been  put  to  work  on  the  Kin- 
selbach  quartz  mine,  near  Alleghany. 

At  the  Sierra  Relna  mine,  near  Alle- 
ghany, twenty  men  are  at  work,  and  the 
stamp  mill  is  in  operation. 

G.  Rayburn,  A.  F.  Kohlmeyer,  W.  W. 
Tiner,  C.  Fink  and  P.  Berg,  of  San  Jose, 
have  bonded  the  Young  America  gravel 
mine  near  Forest  City.  They  will  begin 
development  work. 


224 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3, 1903. 


SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

C.  W.  Tyrer  of  the  Tyrer  &  Co.  quartz 
claim  on  Klamath  river,  below  Klam- 
athon,  saya  the  mine  ie  working  steadily 
and  the  mill  is  crushing  ore. 

The  Siskiyou  M.  &  Dev.  Association  of 
Etna  is  sinking  a  vertical  shaft  at  the 
coal  mine  on  the  Herr  ranch,  6  miles 
north  of  Montague,  between  Yreka  and 
Ager,  which  is  down  150  feet.  They  ex- 
pect to  tap  the  coal  vein  that  they  fol- 
lowed for  800  feet  with  an  incline  shaft, 
by  going  into  the  valley  and  sinking  this 
shaft,  says  Foreman  L.  S.  Williams.  At 
150  feet  they  have  cut  several  seams  of 
coal  but  have  not  yet  reached  the  main 
body. 

TRINITY  COUNTY. 

The  Trinity  C.  Co.  is  preparing  to  put 
in  a  20-drill  compressor  at  the  Shasta 
King  mine,  near  Kennett. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

L.  J.  Holland  is  reopening  the  mine  on 
the  Beardesly  place  below  Sugar  Pine, 
near  Confidence,  having  bonded  the  half 
interest  of  W.  T.  Gurney,  and  will  in- 
crease development  work.  The  incline 
shaft  will  be  sunk  deeper  and  drifts  run 
on  the  shoot.  A  whim  will  be  used  for 
hoisting  until  a  steam  hoist  is  put  in. 

The  Kodak  mine  of  W.  Connelly  and  J. 
L.  Gibbs  on  the  North  Pork  of  the  Tuol- 
umne river,  near  Carters,  has  been  bonded 
to  M.  Walker  of  San  Francisco  for  930,000. 
A  10  stamp  mill  will  be  built  this  fall. 

The  mill  on  the  Soulsby  mine  at  Souls- 
byville,  is  being  run  six  hours  per  day  on 
ore  from  No.  2  and  No.  levels.  The  drift 
north  from  the  200-foot  level  has  been  run 
500  feet,  and  that  from  300-foot  level  360 
feet.  Another  300  feet  from  the  face 
of  the  drift  od  the  300  level  will  connect 
the  new  works  with  the  old.  Considerable 
water  has  been  struck  in  the  mine,  and 
Superintendent  W.  Sharwood  thinks  it  is 
drained  from  the  Piatt  mine  on  the  south. 
An  8  inch  Cornish  pump  with  a  6-foot 
stroke  is  being  put  in  to  handle  the  water, 
and  when  finished  a  contract  will  be  let  to 
sink  the  shaft  100  feet  deeper. 

Work  at  the  Mt.  Jefferson  mine  at 
Groveland  is  going  ahead,  and  ore  is  be- 
ing opened  up  in  the  crosscuts.  Sinking 
will  be  resumed  as  soon  as  a  station  pump 
is  put  in  at  the  500-foot  level.  The  pump 
will  lift  120  gallons  per  minute  to  600  feet. 

At  the  White  Bear  mine  at  Monte 
Cristo,  near  Downieville,  they  are  in  pay 
gravel,  one  week's  cleanup  amounting  to 
235  ounces  gold,  says  the  Messenger. 
Superintendent  W.  J.  Belcher  has  thirty 
men  at  work. 

Estey  &  Stanford,  who  hold  the  Doyle 
ranch  gravel  mine,  near  Columbia,  under 
bond,  last  week  made  the  second  payment 
and  will  increase  development  work. 

COLORADO. 

BOULDER  COUNTY. 

At  the  Ragged  Top  mine,  near  Sugar 
Loaf,  Superintendent  C.  Bonnell  says 
heavier  machinery  will  be  put  in  and  de- 
velopment work  will  be  increased. 

An  air  compressor  will  be  put  in  by 
Manager  C.  P.  Lake,  of  the  Boulder 
County  mine.  A  100-stamp  mill  will  be 
built  on  the  site  of  the  present  mill.  The 
mine  will  have  a  system  of  direct  delivery 
to  the  mill  from  the  mine  at  depth  of  1000 
feet.  Work  will  be  started  on  the  cross- 
cut tunnel  this  month,  which  will  be 
started  a  short  distance  above  the  mill 
and  will  be  driven  3000  feet  to  cut  the  9- 
foot  Cardinal  vein  at  depth  of  1000  feet 
below  the  present  workings  (1400  feet  from 
the  surface)  The  Boulder  County  mine 
is  in  Grand  Island  mining  district,  near 
Eldora,  and  is  owned  by  T.  P.  Barnsdall, 
of  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

A  steam  hoist  will  be  put  in  at  the 
Sparkling  Jewel  mine,  near  Wallstreet. 
The  mine  is  200  feet  deep  and  has  been 
worked  with  a  whim.  A  pocket  of  ore 
showing  free  gold  and  tellurium  has  been 
opened  in  a  crosscut.  The  whim  will  be 
used  on  the  Florence  mine. 

The  United  States  Gold  Corporation  at 
Arapahoe  Mountain,  near  Eldora,  is  put- 
ting in  machinery,  consisting  of  boiler, 
compressor,  etc.,  says  Superintendent 
Rowell. 

CHAFFEE  COUNTY. 

The  Mary  Murphy  mine  at  Romley, 
near  Buena  Vista,  has  been  closed  for  an 
indefinite  period.  The  smelter  has  also 
closed  temporarily.  No  action  regarding 
resumption  of  operations  at  the  mine  will 
be  taken  until  after  the  directors  and 
stockholders  meet.  It  is  thought  R.  G. 
Hinkson  will  succeed  Manager  Morley, 
who  died  last  week. 

The  smelter  at  Salida  has  completed  its 
roasters,  which  will  add  largely  to  its  sul- 
phide capacity.  The  new  stack  is  also 
completed. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

C.  Ha9elblne  and  A.  W.  Hille  of  Den- 
ver, with  A.  Anderson  of  Idaho  Springs, 
have  a  lease  and  bond  for  $25,000  on  the 
Ward  and  Ward  Extension  lodes,  near 
Idaho  Springs.    The  shaft  is  down  110 


feet  and  sunk  on  the  foot  wall,  and  a 
crosscut  started  to  get  the  hanging  wall. 
Hoisting  machinery  will  be  put  in  and  the 
shaft  sunk  deeper.  The  ore  carries  gold 
and  silver. 

The  Continental  Electric  Power  &  Irri- 
gation Co.  of  Idaho  Springs  will  put  in  a 
200  ton  cyanide  plant  at  Empire.  The 
Continental  Co.  owns  a  damsite  in  Box 
canon  above  Empire,  near  Berthoud  pass. 
The  company  has  also  located  three  reser- 
voirs which  will  hold  60,000,000  gallons  of 
water.  A  trench  for  the  pipe  line  has 
been  dug  and  the  electric  plant  will  be 
started  this  month. 

A  steady  output  of  four  loads  (twenty 
tons)  a  day  is  being  taken  from  the 
Shatter  mine,  near  Idaho  Springs,  and 
milled.  Fifteen  men  are  employed.  They 
are  driving  the  fifth  level  east  and  stoping 
In  the  fifth  and  first  levels.  The  mine  is 
a  wet  one  It  will  be  cut  by  the  Central 
tunnel  and  the  water  problem  then 
solved. 

Boyd  Bros  ,  Straub  &  Huillet  have  a 
lease  and  bond  on  the  Silver  Ring  tunnel 
and  group  of  claims  near  Idaho  Springs 
They  have  sunk  for  60  feet  near  the 
mouth  of  the  tunnel  and  are  drifting 
under  the  tunnel  level,  and  have  20  inches 
of  milling  ore  that  will  run  $18  a  ton. 
The  property  is  owned  by  T.  E.  Schwartz 
of  Denver. 

T.  J.  Johnson,  manager  of  the  Specie 
Payment  mine,  near  Idaho  Springs,  is 
arranging  to  put  in  a  power  plant  and 
drive  the  tunnel  ahead. 

Eight  men  are  remodeling  the  Alpine 
mill,  near  Idaho  Springs,  under  Manager 
T.  B.  Craw.  Additional  machinery  will 
go  in.  Pending  completion  of  the  mill  no 
work  is  being  done  at  the  Con.  Alpine 
mines. 

Corundum  is  reported  found  by  F.  A. 
Maxwell  on  Saxon  mountain,  near  George- 
town. 

It  is  reported  operations  will  be  re- 
sumed at  the  Marshall  tunnel  at  Empire 
station  (Marshall  Park  postoffice).  The 
company  has  been  reorganized. 

CUSTER  COUNTY. 

Work  has  been  resumed  by  G.  White 
on  the  group  of  the  Grand  Rapids  M.  Co  , 
near  the  Bassick  mine,  near  Silver  Cliff. 
Work  continues  on  the  Dolomite  shaft, 
which  is  40  feet  deep,  at  the  bottom  of 
which  a  4-foot  vein  Is  showing.  The  Toledo 
mine  has  struck  a  large  amount  of  water, 
which  is  being  handled.     A  crosscut  Is 

being  driven  southward. The  Boulder 

mill  of  the  Valley  M.  Co.  Is  undergoing 
repairs  and  more  concentrators  are  being 

added. The  striking  of  water  in  the 

First  Colorado  claim,    near  Custer  City, 

has    necessitated  pumps. The  shaft  of 

the  Bull-Domingo  mine  is  being  un- 
watered. 

The  Bismuth  mine  of  Querida,  in  which 
a  strike  of  9ilver  ore  has  been  made,  Is 
sending  out  ore  to  the  Salida  smelter. 
The  property  has  been  absorbed  by  the 
Preston  G.  M.  Co. 

DOLORES  COUNTY. 

The  Erlckson-Holzner  et  al.  lease  on 
a  block  of  the  United  Rico  M.  Co.'s 
ground  (the  Contention)  Is  shipping  high- 
grade  gold-silver  ore  to  the  Durango 
smelter. 

EL  PASO   COUNTY. 

Work  was  resumed  this  week  at  the 
Standard  plant  of  the  United  States  R  & 
R.  Co.  at  Colorado  City.  The  company 
uses  500  tons  of  ore  dally  when  it  is  run- 
ning full  force,  and  ore  is  coming  in  at 
rate  of  over  200  tons  per  day. 
FREMONT  COUNTY. 

Smith  &  Sons  of  Williamsburg,  having 
opened  a  5-foot  vein  of  lignite  coal  at  a 
depth  of  80  feet  by  driving  a  280  foot 
slope  with  an  incline  of  30°,  have 
equipped  the  mine  with  coal  chutes, 
tipples  and  rails.  They  have  begun  tak- 
ing out  coal  for  shipment. 

GILPIN  COUNTY. 

The  Quartz  Hill  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated at  Idaho  Springs  by  J.  A. 
Wright,  J.  F.  Lilly  et  al.  Contracts  have 
been  let  for  work  on  the  Golden  Dollar 
mine  and  timbering  on  the  100-foot  verti- 
cal shaft  started. 

The  Electric  Spark  G.  M.  Co.  reports 
work  of  cleaning  out  and  retimberlng  its 
Shamrock  shaft  at  Russell  Gulch  finished. 
The  shaft  Is  down  350  feet.  The  100  and 
200-foot  levels  have  also  been  cleaned  out 
and  retlmbered,  says  Superintendent  G. 
N.  Rogers  W.  A.  Rogers  of  Omaha, 
Neb  ,  is  manager. 

J.  Lyng,  R.  Treslze  and  C.  HauBer  are 
working  the  east  Missouri  mine  on  Quartz 
hill,  near  Central  City,  under  a  lease,  and 
they  are  down  180  feet  and  hoisting  ore. 
Their  milling  ores  are  running  one-half 
ounce  gold  per  ton  and  their  smelting  ores 
$65  per  ton.  They  expect  to  sink  the 
shaft  and  will  put  in  additional  machinery. 
GUNNISON  COUNTY. 

The  WeBt  Gold  Hill  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated by  Eastern  men  to  operate  near 
Gold  Hill,  Tin  Cup  district.  The  com- 
pany'8  main    office    is    in    Denver,    with 


L.  Cavnah  president  and  manager.  The 
holdings  of  the  company  cover  100  acres 
of  mineral  land,  including  the  J.  B.  Sell- 
ers group,  Queen  of  the  West  and  Iron 
Hat  lodes.  Development  will  be  increased. 
Tunnel  No.  1  is  In  160  feet  and  shows  a 
vein  4  feet  wide,  carrying  $12  per  ton. 
Tunnel  No.  2  is  now  In  140  feet.  Three 
hundred  feet  north  a  shaft  has  been  sunk 
on  the  vein.  The  company  is  planning  to 
build  a  50-ton  milling  plant,  with  a  cya- 
niding  and  concentrating  equipment. 

The  air  line  leading  to  the  I  Yankee 
Blade  tunnel,  near  Crested  Butte,  has 
been  repaired  and  work  resumed.  This 
tunnel  has  reached  the  main  Yankee 
Blade-Excelsior  vein  and  cut  a  body  of 
shipping  ore.  The  larger  ore  shoots  are 
said  to  lie  nearer  the  crest  of  Cascade 
mountain,  which  the  tunnel  will  reach 
at  500  feet  farther  in.  The  largest  ore 
bodies  of  the  Excelsior  are  under  Baxter 
basin,  which  the  vein  crosses,  and  the 
Yankee  Blade  tunnel  will  cut  these  at 
depth  of  600  feet  below  the  lowest  point  of 
the  basin,  says  the  Elk  Mountain  Pilot. 

The  Augusta  mine's  sawmill  is  cutting 
lumber  for  buildings  at  the  Yankee  Blade 
tunnel.  The  drift  Is  started  on  the  main 
Augusta  vein.  A  body  of  quartz  is  show- 
ing in  this  drift,  which  is  being  driven  on 
the  vein  extending  toward  the  Dark  Can- 
yon side.  It  Is  estimated  it  will  require 
1500  feet  to  reach  Dark  canyon,  and  sev- 
eral ore  shootB  will  be  cut  along  the  1  ne. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 

F.  R.  Carpenter,  head  of  the  Golden 
Smelter,  says  the  smelter  has  closed  down 
for  lack  of  ore  and  will  resume  when  the 
supply  is  up  to  the  mark  necessary  to 
warrant  operation.  The  company  oper- 
ates the  Saratoga  mine,  in  Gilpin  county, 
but  it  does  not  produce  enough  ore  for 
their  purpose,  as  it  requires  200  tons  a 
day.  He  will  not  start  up  again  until  he 
has  between  4000  and  6000  tons  in  the 
yard. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

There  is  no  work  being  done  on  the 
R.  A.  M.  shaft  of  the  Small  Hopes  M.  Co., 
near  Leadvllle.  The  dry  sulphide  dump 
is  being  shipped  to  the  smelter.  It  Is  not 
high  grade,  but  the  lead  and  silver  con- 
tents are  sufficient  to  make  It  pay.  There 
are  a  few  lessees  working  on  the  Small 
Hopes  property  north  of  tbe  gulch. 

The  Bug  G.  M.  Co.  has  resumed  opera- 
tions on  the  Mint  mine  in  Lincoln  gulch, 
near  Leadville,  says  J  Robinson,  super- 
intendent.   The     Eclipse     group    on 

Breece  hill  has  resumed  operations,  says 
Superintendent  Hoskins.  Development 
work  will  be  increased. 

The  Keystone  M.  Co.,  composed  of  Den- 
ver, Leadville  and  Eastern  men,  has 
Btarted  by  Superintendent  J.  A.  Weber 
further  development  on  tbe  Keystone 
group  in  the  north  end  of  Leadville  dis- 
trict. An  engine  and  a  hoisting  plant  are 
being  put  In,  and  It  is  Intended  to  sink  the 
shaft  to  the  lime-porphyry  contact. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 
The  Butterfly-Terrible  mine  at  Ophir 
was  closed  the  24th  ult.,  and  the  miners 
and  mlllmen  are  leaving  the  camp.  The 
employes  of  the  mine  and  most  of  those  in 
the  mill  refused  to  obey  the  orders  of  the 
Miners'  Union  to  strike,  and  would  have 
continued  to  work  had  the  company  de- 
sired. No  official  explanation  of  the  order 
to  close  has  been  made,  but  it  Is  supposed 
the  company  was  unwilling  to  risk  the 
possibilities  of  trouble  by  continuing 
operations.  Refusing  to  strike,  the 
miners  themselves  posted  an  armed  guard 
on  the  trail  and  refused  to  allow  the  union 
committee  to  approach  the  mine.  F.  J. 
Hobbs,  secretary  of  the  Butterfly-Terrible 
G.  M.  Co.,  says  the  mine  and  mill  will  re- 
main closed  indefinitely. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

Schauer  &  Co.  have  cleared  out  the 
third  level  on  the  Margaret  mine,  near 
Georgetown,  and  will  sink  on  the  ore 
streak  to  find  the  dip  of  the  ore  shoot. 
They  have  also  let  a  contract  on  the  No.  4 
level  to  drive  ahead.  The  ore  in  this 
property  mills  240  ounces  in  silver  per  ton. 
TELLER  COUNTY. 

Manager  Parfet  of  the  Streetor  &  Crip- 
ple Creek  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  on  the 
Snowshoe  claim,  on  Sheep  mountain,  near 
Glllett,  is  arranging  to  build  a  50-ton 
cyanide  plant.  Men  are  timbering  the 
shaft  from  the  200  foot  level.  A  station 
will  be  cut  and  drifting  on  the  vein 
Btarted.  On  No.  2  shaft  timbering  has 
been  done  for  20  feet  and  sinking  the  shaft 
will  be  resumed. 

A  hoist  and  engine  will  be  added  to  the 
equipment  at  the  Findley  mine  on  Bull 
hill,  Cripple  Creek.  It  will  have  capacity 
of  hoisting  ore  from  depth  of  2000  feet. 
The  property  has  one  shift  of  forty  men 
at  work,  says  Manager  Murphy. 

The  Gold  Coin  mine  at  Victor  was  closed 
down  on  Sept.  30,  involving  the  closing  of 
the  Economic  mill  and  throwing  out  of 
work  260  union  miners.  The  properties 
belong  to  the  Wood  Bros.,  who  have 
heretofore  not  been  involved  In  the  labor 


troubles  in  Cripple  Creek  district.  Wood 
Bros,  notified  their  employes  that  they 
must  leave  the  Western  Federation  of 
Miners,  and  a  strike  on  the  properties  was 

at  once  ordered. Water  is  flowing  from 

the  portal  of  the  Cripple  Creek  drainage 
tunnel  at  the  rate  of  1800  gallons  a  min- 
ute. In  the  meantime  the  main  tunnel 
heading  is  being  forwarded  northeast  from 
the  El  Paso  workings.  It  is  500  feet  from 
the  El  Paso  workings.  In  addition  tothlB 
bore,  a  drift  is  being  run  on  the  C.  K.  & 
N.  vein,  where  more  water  is  being  re- 
leased. The  water  is  receding  most  no- 
ticeably in  the  Elkton  mine  and  in  the 
Mary  McKinney  workings.  Several  other 
properties  also  show  a  lowering  of  the 

water  level. W.  Swanson,   manager  of 

the  Abe  Lincoln  mine  in  Poverty  gulch, 
near  Cripple  Creek,  resumed  operations 
last  week  with  forty-three  men  on  one 
shift.  Shipments  to  the  smelter  have 
also  been  resumed. 

There  are  at  work  In  Cripple  Creek 
camp,  in  disregard  of  the  orders  of 
the  strike  committee  of  the  Western  Fed- 
eration of  Miners,  nineteen  mines,  three 
samplers  and  one  electric  plant.  The  total 
number  of  tons  of  ore  being  shipped  out 
of  the  camp  dally  amounts  to  360.  There 
are  nearly  1000  men  at  work  in  the  so- 
called  "unfair"  mines  and  plants. 

The  output  of  ore  from  Cripple  Creek 
district  for  month  of  September,  while  be- 
ing less  than  at  any  time  since  the  history 
of  the  camp,  was  greater  than  looked  for, 
says  the  Cripple  Creek  Times,  reaching 
13  000  tons. 

G.  Jordan,  who  is  treating  the  tailings 
of  the  Summit  mill  at  Glllett,  Is  cyaniding 
twenty  tons  per  day.  The  ore  is  said  to 
be  yielding  average  returns  of  $7  in  gold 
per  ton. 

O  B.  Finn,  manager  of  the  Cripple 
Creek  &  Colorado  M.  &  M  Co.  at  Cripple 
Creek  (the  Rittenhouse)  has  granted  a 
lease  on  the  White  Elephant  claim  to 
R.  O.  Hanley  for  two  years,  with  royal- 
ties of  20%  and  25%  He  will  start  work 
In  shaft  B,  the  most  westerly  one,  at  a 
depth  of  300  feet. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Gold  Temple  G.  M. 
Co.,  working  a  lease  on  the  Gold  Sover- 
eign mine  at  Cripple  Creek  through 
the  Lovett  shaft,  is  again  In  operation 
with  twenty-two  men,  after  a  temporary 
shutdown.  Considerable  lateral  work  will 
be  done  in  the  bottom  of  the  625-foot 
shaft.   The  vein  averages  15  feet  in  width. 

IDAHO. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Hill  mine  at  Quartzburg  will 
be  reopend  by  G.  W.  Grayson  and  W.  C. 
Ralston  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  The  ore 
1"  said  to  be  a  black  quartz,  carrying  gold. 
The  mine  haB  been  idle  for  six  years,  and 
the  lower  workings  are  flooded. 

The  Summit  group  of  four  quartz 
claims,  the  hoisting  plant,  pump,  houses, 
etc.,  of  the  Colorado  &  Idaho  M  Co  ,  near 
Idaho  City,  were  Bold  last  week  at  Sher- 
iff's  sale  to  E.  Strauss,  says  the  Idaho 
World. 

A  larger  hoist  is  being  put  In  at  the 
Washington  mine,  near  Idaho  City.  The 
old  hoist  will  be  set  up  on  the  400-foot 
level,  and  an  incline  sunk  on  the  ledge 
from  the  drift  that  was  run  on  this  level 
to  cut  the  ore  shoot. 

ELMORE  COUNTY. 

The  Jericho  mine  at  Atlanta  has  been 
bonded  by  C.  D.  Spauldlng,  manager  of 
the  Chink  mine.  A  contract  will  be  let 
for  a  160-foot  raise  and  continuous  work  In 
the  drifts.  This  makes  Beven  mines  in 
operation  at  Atlanta. 

R.  P.  Chafctin,  who  has  owned  a  two- 
thirds  interest  in  the  Franklin  mine  at 
Pine,  has  bought  the  remaining  one-third 
interest  for  $100,000. 

IDAHO  COUNTY. 

Last  week  the  Jumbo  mill  at  Hump 
again  started  dropping  its  fourteen  stamps. 
The  lower  tunnel  has  been  started  and 
will  give  access  to  the  mill  directly  from 
the  mine,  only  100  feet  distant.  Three 
hundred  feet  additional  depth  will  also  be 
gained.  Electricity  will  be  used  for  light- 
ing purposes  in  all  the  buildings  and  also 
underground. 

SHOSHONE  COUNTY. 

The  Elgin  M.  Co.  has  been  organized  at 
Wallace  by  W.  J.  Bracking,  J.  L  Rag- 
enovich,  L.  J.  Columbus  of  Wallace  and 
W.  J.  Herring  and  S.  M.  Mitrovlch  of 
Wardner,  to  operate  a  mine  7  miles  west 
of  Wallace  and  J  mile  from  the  O.  R.  &  N. 

The  North  Franklin  M.  Co.  has  been 
Incorporated  by  J.  F.  and  H.  W.  Ingalls 
of  Mullan,  J.  P.  Daily  of  Great  Falls, 
Mont.,  L.  J.  Columbus  and  W.  J.  Brack- 
ing of  Wallace,  to  operate  a  group  of 
claims  adjoining  the  Morning  mine,  near 
Mullan. 

J.  M.  Jamieson  and  C.  L.  Mathews  of 
Spokane,  Wash.,  have  an  option  on  the 
Gold  Hill  mine,  between  the  Mammoth 
and  Standard  mines,  at  Wallace,  for 
$300,000. 


October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


225 


KANSAS. 

CHEROKEE  COUNTY. 
C.  Bryan  of  Carthage,  Mo.,  has  a  lease 
od  40  acres  o(  the  Clary  &  Shuliz  mine  at 
Empire  City,  near  Galena,  and  has  begun 
prospecting  with  a  drill. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 

Fire  was  started  la  the  new  furnace  at 
the  Dollar  Bay  smelter  last  week.  It  Is 
expected  to  take  three  weeks  to  make  the 
sand  and  copper  bottom  ready  for  actual 
service  This  will  give  the  Lake  Supe- 
rior Smelting  Co.  four  of  these  furnaces, 
all  having  been  put  up  during  the  last 
three  yearB. 

The  Tamarack  mine  at  Calumet  has 
bought  tiOOO  acres  of  timber  land  In  On- 
tonagon county,  carrying  mixed  hemlock 
and  hardwood  and  some  pine,  from  the 
St.  Mary's  Mineral  Canal  Co.  for  $70,000. 
The  mineral  rights  were  reserved  by  the 
Canal  Co. 

The  Osceola  M.  Co.,  near  Calumet,    re- 

f)orts  the  thirty-elgbth  and  thirty-ninth 
evels  of  the  old  mite  in  good  copper 
ground,  and  down  to  the  fiftieth  level  in 
No.  6  shaft  north  and  south  the  showing 
Is  also  good.  The  company  is  shipping 
4000  tons  of  rock  daily  to  the  mill. 

An  electric  generator  is  being  put  in  at 
the  Qulncy  mine  at  Hancock,  to  be 
In  operation  by  Oct.  15th,  when 
four  of  the  twelve  additional  elec- 
tric locomotives  ordered  will  supplant 
manual  labor  In  tramming  at  some  of  the 
lower  levels,  and  the  others  as  Boon  as 
possible  thereafter.  The  Champion  mine 
management  at  Painesdale  is  considering 
a  similar  Introduction  at  the  south  end  of 
the  mine,  where  it  may  obviate  the  neces- 
sity of  sinking  at  least  one  shaft.  At  the 
stamp  mills  several  changes  and  improve- 
ments have  been  completed  toward  reduc- 
ing the  cost  of  stamping  and  the  saving 
of  copper  in  the  waste  tailings.  The 
heads  have  bten  equipped  with  the  coarse 
stamping  appliances  and  improved  mor- 
tar discharges,  with  the  result  that  six 
stamps  are  now  treating  the  entire  out- 
put, says  the  News. 

The  new  system  of  hoisting  at  the  Red 
Jacket  shaft  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla,  near 
Calumet,  has  been  adjusted  and  went  into 
commission  last  week. 

The  Wolverine  mine  stope  on  the  west 
vein,  80  feet  west  of  the  KearBarge  lode, 
is  reported  showing  copper  ground  both 
In  stamp  and  mass.  Drifting  south  is  In 
progress.  The  Kearsarge  lode  openings 
on  the  Wolverine,  near  Calumet,  continue 
favorable.  The  run  of  mass  is  not  as 
heavy  as  formerly,  but  stamp  rock  holds 
up,  The  deepest  workings  are  at  the 
twenty-fourth  level  of  No.  3  shaft. 
KEWEENAW   COUNTY. 

Ground  was  broken  last  week  for  a  per- 
manent inclined  shaft  on  the  Miskawablk 
mine,  near  Allonez.  The  air  compressor 
and  steam  hoist  are  being  set  up.  The 
shaft  Is  300  feet  north  of  the  northerly 
prospecting  pit.  Work  in  both  pits  has 
been  suspended.  Thirty  men  are  em- 
ployed, says  Superintendent  Scott. 

The  test  pit  at  the  Cliff  mine,  north  of 
Calumet,  Is  down  16  feet  In  the  overbur- 
den.    Fifteen  men  are  at  work. 

MISSOURI. 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

W.  E.  Newkirk,  Statler  Bros  ,  J.  Mont- 
gomery and  W.  A.  Dumbauld  have  com- 
pleted their  mill  on  the  McKlnley  lease, 
south  of  Carterville.  They  have  nine  lots 
and  four  shafts  down  into  ore.  Three  of 
the  shafts  show  a  run  of  Bheet  ground 
with  a  face  of  20  feet  of  lead  and  zinc  ore, 
says  the  Joplln  News-Herald. 

Ford,  Cowan  &  Co.  of  Joplin  have  Bold 
a  one-half  Interest  in  their  mine  on  the 
Center  Creek  lease  to  Indiana  men  for 
$4000.  They  have  been  making  eight  tons 
of  ore  per  Bhift,  run  on  the  custom  mill 
Bince  January.  It  is  the  intention  of  the 
company  to  build  a  mill. 

J.  W.  Ellis,  J.  B.  Gibson,  A.  B.  Raw- 
lings  and  Sours  &  Son  have  a  10  acre 
lease  one- half  mile  west  of  Joplln,  and  In 
sinking  their  Bhaft  at  55  feet  cut  a  body 
of  jack.  Their  lease  runs  for  ten  years  at 
10%  royalty. 

The  Holy  Smoke  mine  on  the  Aylor 
land,  south  of  Carterville,  reports  putting 
out  300  tons  of  jack  per  week.  J.  Luke, 
B.  Ash,  J.  Brown  et  al  are  owners. 

The  Williamsport  Z.  &  L.  Co.,  on  the 
Creller  &  Young  land  at  Sherwood,  near 
Joplin,  has  unwatered  the  ground  and  put 
men  to  work  in  the  drifts.  They  will  Bink 
the  pump  shaft  from  its  depth  of  125  feet 
to  the  170-foot  point. 

VERNON  COUNTY. 

To  the  increasing  lead  and  zinc  mining 
interests  in  southwest  Missouri  is  being 
added  asphalt,  says  the  Joplln  News- 
Herald.  In  the  southern  part  of  Vernon 
county  J.  W.  Layne  of  Carthage,  of  the 
Barton  &  Vernon  County  OH  &  M.  Co., 
says  they   have    a  lease  on   the    ground 


where  asphalt  is  being  developed  in  pay- 
ing quantities.  In  drilling  for  oil  the  as- 
phalt was  struck  and  It  ranges  from  the 
surface  down  to  50  feet  and  In  thickness 
from  6  to  24  feet.  The  earth  above  Is 
soft,  making  It  possible  to  strip  the  as- 
phalt. The  deposit  has  been  shown  by 
drilling  to  extend  over  a  territory  2  miles 
In  diameter. 

MONTANA. 

DEER  LODGE  COUNTY. 

Reports  from  the  Gold  Coin  mine,  west 
of  Anaconda,  say  a  strike  has  been  made. 
It  Is  being  worked  under  Superintendent 
J.  R.  Boarman,  after  having  been  closed 
down  on  account  of  litigation. 

Since  the  new  dues  and  the  300-foot 
smokestack  have  been  in  operation  at  the 
Washoe  smelter  there  is  a  decided  change 
In  the  color  and  variety  of  the  smoke  that 
Issues  from  the  top  of  the  stack,  and 
although  all  of  the  furnaces  at  the  smelter 
havo  not  been  fired  up  as  yet  the  draft  Is 
so  great  that  It  carries  the  smoke  to  a  dis- 
tance of  200  feet  after  it  leaves  the  top  of 
the  stack,  and  then  It  floats  away  In  the 
air  instead  of  hanging  to  the  ground,  as 
it  formerly  did,  says  the  Butte  Miner. 
Tests  have  been  made  of  the  smoke  as  it 
comes  from  the  stack  and  Hues,  and  it  is 
said  not  to  contain  anything  of  an  inju- 
rious nature.  The  system  was  built  with 
the  Idea  of  saving  allot  the  arsenic  and 
sulphur  that  were  formerly  carried  away 
with  the  smoke,  and  which  settled  on  the 
lands  of  the  Deer  Lodge  ranchers.  There 
are  1600  men  employed  in  the  works  and 
this  number  will  be  increased. 

FERGUS  COUNTY. 

J.  C.  Bates,  of  New  York,  has  bought 
the  Curran  one-half  interest  in  the  Big 
Four,  Wild  Cat.  Golden  Crown  and  Snow- 
flake  claims  in  North  Moccasin  mountains. 
Gudgell  Bros.,  of  Lewiston,  own  the  other 
half  interest,  says  the  Argus. 

R.  E.  L.  Townsend,  of  Colorado,  has 
bought  the  Fields'  one-third  interest  in 
the  Reliance,  Tom  Boy,  Wonder  and 
Climber  claims  in  Warm  Springs  district, 
near  Kendall.  Townsend  has  also  bought 
the  Stephens  two-thirds  interest  In  the 
Mlllslte    and    Columbia    claims    in    Cone 

Butte    district. F.     H.     Hazard      has 

bought  the  Stephens  one-half  Interest  in 
the  Katherine,  Marlon,  Little  Hazel, 
Little  Edna  and  Glendlve  claims  in  Cone 
Butte  district. 

The  Mint  and  Yellow  claims  and  the 
Norman  group  in  Warm  Springs  district, 
near  the  Kendall  group,  near  Kendall, 
have  been  bonded  to  W.  G.  Moore  of  Col- 
orado Springs,  Colo. 

FLATHEAD  COUNTY. 
The  Batcheler  group  of  claims  In  West 
Fisher  gold  belt,  35  miles  south  of  Libby, 
has  been  sold  for  $15,000  to  the  Michigan 
men  who  had  an  option  on  it,  says  Man- 
ager Burlingham.  The  group  comprises 
eight  claims. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 
The  Minnesota,  near  Wickes,  has  re- 
sumed operations,  says  O.  M.  Holmes, 
who  has  bonded  the  mine.  He  will  sink  a 
new  shaft  and  a  tunnel  will  be  driven  at 
the  foot  of  the  mountain. 

At  the  Crystal  mine,  being  operated  by 
the  Cataract  C.  M.  Co  ,  near  Basin,  work 
Is  progressing.  Smelting  ore  is  being 
blocked  out.  The  drift  has  been  con- 
tinued on  the  lead.  The  ore  shows  native 
copper,  with  valueB  In  gold  and  silver,  says 
Superintendent  Buckley.  Work  at  the 
Bullion  is  progressing.  The  raise  has 
been  connected  with  the  upper  tunnel  and 
a  shoot  of  ore  exposed.  Work  on  the 
smelter  of  the  Cataract  C.  M.  Co.  is  going 
ahead  and  it  is  expected  to  be  in  operation 
in  January,  sayB  smelter  Superintendent 
Evans. 

LEWIS  AND  CLARKE  COUNTY. 
The  East  Helena  plant  of  the  American 
S.  &  R  Co.  will  be  enlarged.  Another 
stack  has  been  blown  in,  and  an  indepen- 
dent copper  stack  Ib  to  be  put  in  oper- 
ation this  month,  because  of  the  increased 
copper  production  in  the  district. 
MADISON  COUNTY. 
Foreman  T.  G.  Port,  of  the  Hungry 
Hollw  group,  near  Virginia  City,  under 
bond  to  a  North  Dakota  company,  says 
work  is  progressing.  He  has  uncovered  a 
vein  of  7  feet  of  sulphide  ore  of  good 
grade.  Some  water  was  struck.  Manager 
Feetham  of  Grand  Forks,  N.  D.,  has  ap- 
plied fora  permit  to  build  a  road  on  the 
forest  reserve,  and  as  soon  as  it  is  com- 
pleted and  buildings  put  up,  a  200-foot 
shaft  will  be  sunk. 

F.  B  Heard  t,  foreman  at  the  Big  Indian 
M.  Co.  plant  near  Helena,  says  work  is 
being  resumed  on  the  Mohawk  mine  at 
Washington  Bar,  near  Pony,  and  owned 
by  the  Big  Indian  Co. 

SILVER  BOW  COUNTY. 
The  Boston  &  Montana  C.  Co.  last  week 
ceased  operating  a  portion  of  its  concen- 
trator at  Great  Falls  and  will  not  start  It 
again  until  the  Injunction  granted  by 
Judge  Clancy,  preventing  the  working  of 


the  Picalo  mine,  has  been  set  aside.  The 
section  of  the  concentrator  closed  down 
was  treating  500  tons  of  ore  a  day.  One 
hundred  and  seventy-five  men  in  Butte  and 
Great  Falle  will  be  thrown  out  of  work, 
also  about  200  Butte  miners,  says  the 
News. 

NEVADA. 

Articles  of  incorporation  of  the  follow- 
ing companies  have  been  hied  with  the 
Secretary  of  State:  Tonopah  Eagle  M. 
Co.,  Tonopah;  Bonanclta  G  &  C.  M.  Co., 
Reno;  Madelaine  Tonopah  M.  Co  ,  Car- 
son; Mitchell  Bros.  S.  &  R.  Co.,  Carson; 
Keyes-Grassler  M.  Co  ,  Reno;  F.  E.  &  A. 
M.  Co.,  Tonopah;  Tonopah  Reduction  Co  , 
Tonopah. 

ESMERALDA  COUNTY. 

Arrangements  are  being  made  to  begin 
work  on  the  McNamara  group  near  Tono- 
pah next  week,  says  Manager  C.  Peters. 
It  Is  Intended  to  crosscut  from  the  500  foot 
station  for  the  ledges. 

J.  Dopp,  manager,  has  begun  operations 
on  a  group  of  three  claims  owned  by  the 
Tonopah  Superior  G.  M.  Co.,  1  mile  south- 
west of  the  Mlzpah  mine  at  Tonopah.  The 
work  being  done  consists  of  a  tunnel, 
which  is  being  driven  to  tap  four  ledges 
which  show  on  the  Burface  and  which  will 
be  cut  at  depth  of  from  150  to  200  feet.  A 
shaft  40  feet  deep  has  been  sunk  on 
another  ledge,  2  feet  wide.  The  property 
is  on  one  of  the  hills  west  of  Brougher 
mountain. 

C.  Smith  has  a  working  bond  on  the  A. 
Weber  group  of  mines  on  Cat  creek,  8 
miles  from  Hawthorne.  Smith  says  they 
are  surrounded  by  timber  and  water  suffi- 
cient for  milling  purposes  can  be  obtained. 
The  Nevada  claim  shows  a  3  foot  ledge 
of  $10  ore,  the  Golden  Nugget  2  feet  of 
$12  ore  and  the  Lakevlew  also  pay  ore. 
EUREKA    COUNTY. 

J.  P.  Raine  reports  work  progressing 
on  his  group,  the  Gray  Eagle  and  Bald 
Eagle,  16  miles  from  Palisade,  and  in  the 
Railroad  mining  district.  On  the  Gray 
Eagle,  a  tunnel  250  feet  has  been  run  and 
winze  sunk  50  feet  on  the  vein  in  lime- 
stone, from  which  assays  run  20  ounces 
silver  and  20%  lead.  On  the  Bald  Eagle  a 
30-foot  shaft  has  been  sunk  on  a  ledge  of 
copper  ore,  assaying  9%  copper  and  50 
ounces  silver.  The  ledge  has  a  northeast 
strike  with  westerly  dip,  and  Ib  3  feet  in 
width,  of  sulphides.  Near  the  shaft,  an 
incline  run  200  feet  to  tap  the  ledge  struck 
a  soft  carbonate  ore  assaying  17  ounces  In 
silver.  There  is  wood  and  water  within  a 
mile  of  the  mine. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

A  Btrike  is  reported  made  in  the  Badger 
mine,  which  adjoins  the  Ida  May,  near 
Pioche.  The  Badger  is  owned  and  oper- 
ated by  the  E.  &  F.  Mining  Co.,  A. 
Murphy  manager.  The  company  is  driv- 
ing a  tunnel  of  190  feet  on  the  Ida  May. 
Blower  and  air  pipe  have  been  put  in,  and 
it  is  expected  to  tap  the  ore  body  in  the 
Ida  May  at  more  depth  than  was  prac- 
tical by  sinking. 

LYON  COUNTY. 

Manager  E  Boyle  of  the  North  Rapi- 
dan  group  of  mines  at  Como,  near  Day- 
ton, says  the  mill  built  by  his  company 
will  start  crushing  ore  from  the  Congress 
claims  this  week.  The  mill  consists  of  two 
three-stamp  batteries,  the  stamps  weigh- 
ing 1200  pounds  each. 

Manager  Rae  says  work  has  resumed 
in  the  Como-Eureka  mine  at  Como,  and 
the  stamps  will  be  dropping  on  ore  next 
week,  as  there  will  be  ample  Bupply  of  wa- 
ter in  the  Carson  river  now  that  the  irri- 
gation season  is  over,  to  keep  the  dynamo 
plant  at  Dayton  running,  which  supplies 
power  for  the  hoist  and  mill  plants.  In- 
cluding work  in  other  locations  in  Como 
and  Palmyra,  there  are  forty  men  at  work 
in  those  districts,  the  monthly  payrolls 
of  which  aggregate  $4000 

The  Brunswick  mill  on  the  Carson 
river,  near  Dayton,  is  ready  for  opera- 
tion with  the  advent  of  water,  says  the 
Territorial  Enterprise.  Ore  will  be 
shipped  from  the  Gold  Hill  mines. 
NYE  COUNTY. 

The  Tonopah  Extension  M.  Co.  at  To- 
nopah, is  putting  in  a  50  H.  P.  steam 
hoisting  plant. 

H.  Crawford  and  M.  Orvis  of  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  of  the  Douglas-Lacey  Co.,  have 
bought  a  group  of  six  claims  adjoining  the 
Ray  &  O'Brien  and  the  Ray  Tonopah 
properties  at  Ray  for  $9000  cash  and  stock. 
STOREY  COUNTY. 

The  capacity  of  the  C.  Butters  cyanide 
plant  in  Six-Mile  Canyon,  near  Virginia, 
will  be  increased  by  the  addition  of  several 
tanks  30  feet  in  diameter. 

The  work  of  retimbering  the  Forman 
shaft  at  Gold  Hill  on  the  Comstock,  down 
to  connection  with  the  south  lateral 
branch  of  the  Sutro  tunnel,  Is  reported 
progressing  and  it  will  be  put  in  condition 
for  installing  an  air  lift  elevator  and  aux- 
iliary electric  plant  to  unwater  the  flooded 
levels  of  the  Gold  Hill  mines.  This,  with 
proposed  similar  plant  in  the  Ward  shaft, 


will  permit  of  recovery  of  all  the  sub- 
merged levels  of  the  Comstock  down  to 
the  3300,  and  It  Is  expected  to  make  it  pos- 
sible to  sink  to  the  5000-foot  level,  says 
the  Virginia  Report. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

Sinking  continues  In  the  double-com- 
partment shaft  of  the  DeBert  King  mine 
In  Wedeklnd,  near  Reno,  with  three  shifts 
at  work.  It  is  down  300  feet.  The  pumps 
are  handling  the  water  easily. 

J.  H.  Sheehan,  at  Olinghouse,  pro- 
poses to  build  a  mill  for  treatment  of 
Crown  Point  ore. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

DONA    ANA    COUNTY. 

The  Continental  M   &  D.  Co.    has   been 

Incorporated  at  Las  Cruces  by  J.  R.  &  S. 

V.  Fulkerson,  L   H   Heil  and  J.  Franklin, 

of  El  Paso,  and  A.  B.  Fall,  of  Las  Cruces. 

GRANT    COUNTY. 

The  Santa  Rita  M.  Co.  Is  increasing  de- 
velopment work  on  its  properties  at  Santa 
Rita.  It  is  crosscutting  on  the  400-foot 
level  of  the  Hearst  mine  and  cutting  in 
three  directions  from  shaft  No.  7.  The 
concentrating  plant  has  resumed,  four 
slimes  tables  having  been  set  up.  The 
monthly  output  of  the  company  is  60,000 
pounds  of  refined  copper.  Eighty  men 
are  employed.    B.  B.  Thayer  is  manager. 

There  are   150   men   at   work   on  the 

ground  leased  from  the  Santa  Rita  M.  Co. 
at  Santa  Rita. 

Bean  &  Good  of  El  Paso,  Tex.,  say  that 
they  will  have  a  Bmelter  in  operation  on 
their  group  in  Shakespeare  district,  south 
of  Lordsburg,  before  next  spring. 

The  E.  C.  Belt  group  of  claims,  near 
the  MIser'a  Chest  mine,  in  Virginia  dis- 
trict, near  Lordsburg,  has  been  sold  to  S. 
W.  Maltbie,  who  has  put  men  to  work  to 
continue  shipments. 

The  Shamrock  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  de- 
cided to  put  up  another  40-ton  furnace  at 
Its  smelting  plant  at  PinoB  Altos.  One 
furnace  is  in  use  with  a  capacity  of  35  tons 
a  day,  while  shipments  received  amount 
to  50  tons  a  day.  The  company  has  a 
leas3  on  the  Philadelphia,  a  copper-iron 
property  at  Hanover,  and  is  receiving  ore 
from  this  mine,  which  is  owned  by  F. 
Bell.  This  is  in  addition  to  its  Pacific 
lease  from  the  Hearst  estate,  which  is 
giving  it  10  to  15  tons  a  day.  The  St. 
Louis,  Samson  and  Alesandro  groups  in 
the  Burros  are  also  shipping  to  the  Sham- 
rock. The  Shamrock  mine  waB  closed 
down  temporarily,  owing  to  an  accident 
to  the  air  compressor. 

It  is  the  intention  of  Manager  C.  R. 
Luton,  of  the  Michigan-New  Mexico  C. 
Co.,  at  LordBburg,  to  go  down  800  feet  on 
the  Dakotah-Pearlmine.  A  sinking  pump 
with  a  capacity  of  100,000  gallons  flally 
has  been  set  up  A  contract  to  sink  125 
feet  from  the  260-foot  level  has  been  let. 
The  company  will  put  up  a  60-ton  smelt- 
ing furnace  and  a  50- ton  concentrator  and 
leacher.  The  Dakotah  Pearl  group  com- 
prises three  claims,  4  miles  from  Lords- 
burg. 

The  Gold  Gulch  M.  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized at  El  Paso,  Texas,  to  operate  the 
Pactolus  group,  in  Gold  Gulch  district, 
near  Silver  City,  by  O  H.  Baum,  J.  Ash- 
croft,  L.  C.  Ryan,  J.  S.  Dodge,  J.  S.  Al- 
len, J.  S.  Akin,  W.  G.  Roe  and  E.  L. 
Hawes.  The  company  has  started  devel- 
opment work. 

RIO  ARRIBA  COUNTY. 

J.  E.  Scully,  of  Chicago,  111 ,  president 
of  the  Jaw  Bone  M.  Co  ,  operating  In  Bro- 
mide district,  near  Tres  Piedras,  says 
prospect  work  is  going  ahead  with  a  dia- 
mond drill  on  the  Jaw  Bone. 

Southwest  of  Tres  Piedras  14  miles  is  a 
deposit  of  mica,  three  claims  having  been 
located,  the  Cribbenville,  the  Sandoval 
and  the  Petaca,  and  an  option  on  these 
three  claims  has  been  given  to  L.  G.  Car- 
penter. 

SANDOVAL  COUNTY. 

The  Santa  Fe  Central  railway  will  re- 
sume its  work  this  month  on  the  branch 
into  the  Hagan  coal  fields  from  Morlarty 
via  Frost  station."  These  coal  fields,  as 
well  as  the  Pino  Vittitas  and  Coyote 
fields,  which  lie  between  Hagan  and  San 
Felipe,  are  to  be  worked.  Strikes  of  good 
cooking  coal  are  also  reported  2  miles 
north  of  Cerrlllos,  in  Santa  Fe  county. 
A.  Neis  has  found  coal  on  the  east  side  of 
San  Marcos  canyon  and  has  driven  a  50- 
foot  tunnel  which  exposes  a  3-foot  bed. 
The  Shaw  Gibson  M.  Co.  is  developing  a 
vein  of  coking  coal  on  the  other  side  of 
the  canyon,  and  at  depth  of  40  feet  has 
opened  a  4-foot  vein.  These  veins  are 
thought  to  be  continuations  of  veins  that 
are  being  developed  2  miles  north  of 
Santa  Fe  and  can  be  traced  into  the 
Hagan,  O'Mara,  Pino  Vittitas  and  Coyote 
fields  in  Sandoval  county,  35  miles  to  the 
south,  says  the  Herald. 

OREGON. 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— In  Cracker 


226 


Mining  and  Scientific.  Press. 


October  3,  1903. 


Creek  district,  near  Sumpter,  a  strike  has 
been  made  on  the  Tabor  Fraction  mine. 
This  fraction  consists  of  230  feet  between 
the  Excelsior  &  Eureka  (E.  &  E.)  and  Co- 
lumbia claims  on  the  main  lode.  The 
ledge  is  70  feet  in  width,  and  the  pay 
shoot  in  this  ledge  has  a  width  of  2  feet. 
One  shipment  of  100  sacks  is  reported  to 
have  yielded  $1000  per  ton.  The  work  of 
overhauling  and  cleaning  out  the  work- 
ings of  the  E.  &  E.  is  showing  a  high- 
grade  ore  body  in  the  upper  tunnel  on 
the  Eureka  and  is  being  shipped  from 
this  strike.  The  E.  &  E.  has  been  idle 
for  several  years. 

In  the  Greenhorn  district,  in  the  I.  X.  L. 
mine  a  shoot  6  inches  wide  has  been  cut, 
showing  high  values  in  gold.  The  pro- 
ducing mines  on  the  so-called  North  Pole 
ledge  are  working  full  handed,  from  the 
Golconda  on  the  south,  the  Columbia, 
E.  &  E.,  to  the  North  Pole  on  the  north, 
and  the  Cracker  -  Oregon  on  the  east — 
300  men  being  employed.  In  the  other 
sections  near  Sumpter,  the  Bonanza, 
Badger,  Red  Boy,  Gold  Pan,  California 
and  Midway  are  in  operation. 

Sumpter,  Sept.  29. 

A  93-ounce  gold  bar  was  shipped  last 
week  from  the  White  Swan  mine,  near 
Baker  City,  says  Superintendent  W.  O. 
Reynolds,  the  result  of  a  ten  days'  run  of 
ten  stamps. 

Operations  at  the  Cornucopia  mine,  near 
Sumpter,  are  to  be  resumed  with  B.  Mc- 
Donald of  Spokane,  Wash,  as  superin- 
tendent, says  the  Blue  Mt.  American.  The 
Cornucopia  mine  is  equipped  with  a  20- 
stamp  mill,  concentrating  tables,  canvas 
tables,  and  has  both  water  power  and  a 
steam  plant.  It  has  not  been  operated 
since  Superintendent  Dobler  was  killed  by 
an  avalanche  last  winter. 

The  North  Pole  mill,  near  Sumpter,  has 
received  four  more  concentrating  tables, 
which  are  to  receive  the  pulp  after  it 
passes  from  the  plates. 

The  I.  X.  L.  mine,  near  Greenhorn,  1b 
preparing  to  build  a  cyanide  plant  with  a 
daily  capacity  of  twenty-five  tons. 

H.  B  Compson  of  Portland,  president 
of  the  Rockefeller  G.  M.  Co.,  whose  prop- 
erty is  near  Greenhorn,  has  arranged  for 
reopening  the  mine,  with  F.  Barker  as 
superintendent. 

The  Cornucopia  mines,  near  Baker 
City,  formerly  owned  by  J.  E.  Searles  of 
New  York,  are  reported  sold  to  a  New 
Jersey  company  for  $600,000.  The  deal 
includes  the  Last  Chance  and  Union  Com- 
panion mines. 

GRANT  COUNTY. 

A  strike  is  reported  made  in  the  Cop- 
peropolis  group,  6  miles  from  Prairie  City. 
The  company  owns  two  claims  of  forty- 
two  acres  and  a  millsite.  The  main  tun- 
nel is  in  675  feet  where  the  ledge  was  crosB- 
cut,  showing  a  width  of  72  feet  of  ore.  At 
this  point  a  drift  was  run  on  the  vein  to 
the  end  line.  The  ore  shows  15%  copper, 
with  gold  values.  The  mine  is  equipped 
with  air  compressor  and  drills,  and  elec- 
tric lighting  plant. 

W.  C.  Rutter  of  Seattle,  Wash.,  presi- 
dent and  manager  of  the  Klttaning  M. 
Co.,  says  work  is  being  resumed  on  their 
Big  Four  group,  near  Granite.  The  Big 
Four  is  composed  of  eight  claims  and  a 
millsite  |  of  a  mile  west  of  the  Cougar 
mine.  In  the  past  two  years  700  feet  of 
work  has  been  done  in  the  tunnels  and 
shafts.  The  new  development  will  be  an 
800  foot  crosscut  which  will  cut  the  veins 
at  greater  depth  and  be  driven  for  a  work- 
ing tunnel,  and  will  be  driven  to  cut  the 
contact  between  slate  and  granite  which 
shows  on  the  surface. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

The  New  York  &  Western  M.  Co.  of 
Grant's  Pass  has  bought  a  number  of 
quartz  properties  in  southern  Oregon,  and 
has  made  final  payment  on  the  Oregon 
Belle  mine,  bonded  last  winter  for  $30,000. 
The  Oregon  Belle  mine  is  on  Forest  creek. 
It  is  intended  to  open  it  up  farther  and  put 
in  more  machinery.  The  ledges  carry 
free  gold  and  sulphides. 

A  Colorado  company,  under  Manager 
J  P.  Murphy,  is  preparing  to  work  the 
Queen  of  Bronze  copper  mine  near  Waldo. 
The  same  parties  are  interested  in  the 
mines  of  the  Waldo  S.  &  M.  Co.  A  steam 
hoist  is  being  set  up  at  the  Queen  of 
Bronze,  and  will  sink  the  main  shaft  to 
depth  of  600  feet.  The  ledges  of  this  mine 
are  from  4  to  11  feet  wide,  carrying  12% 
copper,  with  gold.  The  Queen  of  Bronze 
is  near  the  mines  of  the  Waldo  S.  &  M.  Co. 

Development  work  will  be  increased  on 
the  Wolf  Creek  group,  near  Grant's  PasB, 
starting  this  month.  It  is  expected  water 
will  be  plentiful  for  working  the  placer 
properties  in  connection  with  the  quartz 
ledge  that  cuts  through  the  ledge,  says 
M.  B.  Bozarth  of  Portland,  secretary  of 
the  company.  There  is  sufficient  water 
for  five  to  seven  months  in  the  year  to 
work  the  placer,  but  it  is  intended  to 
work  the  quartz  ledge  by  tunnel.  A  700- 
foot  tunnel  will  be  run. 

WALLOWA  COUNTY. 

The  Camp  Carson  placers  on  the  Grand 


Ronde  river,  near  La  Grande,  have  been 
sold  to  the  Carson  Hydraulic  M.  Co., 
which  had  an  option  on  the  property, 
says  W.  H.  Hazel,  manager  for  the  pur- 
chasing company.  The  high  bars  will  be 
worked  by  hydraulic  giants  and  the  low 
ground  by  dredgers  or  hydraulic  ele- 
vators. The  company  acquires  5  miles  of 
ground  along  the  stream,  and  they  have 
men  at  work  laying  the  pipes,  etc. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA, 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

The  shaft  of  the  Oro  Hondo  M.  Co., 
south  of  Lead  City,  is  down  600  feet,  and 
a  station  has  been  opened.  The  pump 
has  been  placed,  and  work  of  driving  out 
from  the  shaft  in  the  direction  of  the  ore 
bodies  started. 

The  Capital  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  at  Deadwood  by  R.  W.  McGin- 
nis,  R.  J.  Freeman,  J.  W.  Wolf,  J.  Har- 
rap,  W.  Lawlor  and  C.  Nelson.  The 
company  owns  a  tract  of  ground  near 
Texana  station  on  the  Northwestern  nar- 
row gauge,  on  which  ore  has  been  ex- 
posed in  a  railroad  cut,  the  vein  showing 
70  feet  in  width  and  assaying  $5  gold. 
They  will  sink  a  shaft.  J.  Harrap  Is 
manager. 

UTAH. 

BEAVER   COUNTY. 

The  grading  of  foundations  for  two 
gasoline  hoists  on  the  Montreal  mine,  one 
of  the  groups  of  the  Royal  M.  Co.  of  Mil- 
ford,  has  been  done,  says  J.  Forgie,  super- 
intendent, and  as  soon  as  they  are  set  up 
sinking  will  begin. 

W.  Thompson,  who  has  a  bond  on  the 
Jumbo  mine,   near  the  Cave  mine,  near 
Milford,  put  men  to  work  last  week. 
BOX  ELDER  COUNTY. 

The  holdings  of  the  Brooklyn  M.  Co.  at 
Park  Valley  have  been  sold  to  Monroe 
Bros,  et  al.  of  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  will  be 
equipped  with  a  stamp  mill.  Several  hun- 
dred feet  of  work  have  been  done  upon  the 
20-foot  gold-bearing  ledge,  the  ores  show- 
ing $5  per  ton. 

Development  work  has  been  started  by 
the  Iona  M.  Co.  on  its  group  of  twenty- 
one  claims  near  Park  Valley.  The  shaft, 
which  is  40  feet  deep,  will  be  sunk  another 
100  feet  before  drifting. 

The  Century  M.  Co.,  operating  near 
Park  Valley,  has  bought  a  number  of  wa- 
ter rights,  says  P.  W.  Madsen  of  Salt 
Lake  City,  manager.  The  water  rights 
involved  are  those  of  the  Campbell  ranch, 
which  includes  the  streams  flowing  down 
Twin,  Lone  Tree  and  Carney  canyons. 
Suit  had  been  brought  against  the  com- 
pany for  damages  alleged  to  have  been 
done  to  lands  by  reason  of  tailings  from 
the  mill  running  on  to  the  land  and  also 
for  the  befouling  of  the  waters  of  one  of 
the  streams  mentioned.  The  ranch,  con- 
sisting of  290  acres,  has  been  taken  over. 

EMERY  COUNTY. 
E.  T.  Merritt,  at  Green  River,  reports 
having  secured  30,000  acres  of  land  in 
that  section  which  contain  oil  prospects, 
and  has  sunk  a  well  to  depth  of  1700  feet, 
striking  the  oil  shale.  There  are  some 
producing  wells  in  the  vicinity,  and  more 
wells  are  being  driven  at  several  points. 

GRAND    COUNTY. 
Near  Basin,   in  La  Sal  mining  district, 
the  Interstate  M.  Co.  is  preparing  to  build 
a  mill  at  Gold  Basin.     The  Interstate  Co. 
is  owned  by  Iowa  men. 

JUAB    COUNTY. 

The  shaft  at  the  Black  Jack  mine,  near 
Eureka,  is  completed  to  depth  of  1240 
feet.  Sixty  feet  farther  will  place  the 
bottom  even  with  the  1100  foot  level  of 
the  Lower  Mammoth  mine. 

The  Signal  Peak  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated by  D.  I.  Hanks  et  al.  of  Eu- 
reka, to  operate  on  Gold  mountain. 

La  Reine  M.  Co.,  in  Tintic  district,  is 
preparing  to  resume.  Their  group  is  on 
Godiva  mountain,  near  Eureka. 

Excavation  being  finished,  work  is  un- 
der way  on  the  building  for  the  concen- 
trator at  the  Uncle  Sam  mine,  near 
Eureka.  It  is  thought  a  cyanide  plant 
may  also  be  added. 

PIUTE  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Vein  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Wedge  group  at  Marysvale,  put  the  Dal- 
ton  mill  in  operation  last  week.  The  ore's 
values  are  in  free  gold  and  sulphides.  The 
mill  is  under  the  superintendency  of  S. 
Colbath. 

Salt  Lake  City  and  Eastern  men  have  a 
nine  months'  lease  and  bond  on  the  Advo- 
cate group  of  claims  on  Gold  mountain, 
near  Marysvale,  says  President  A.  J. 
Moore.  There  are  six  claims  in  the  group, 
which  is  near  the  Miller  mine,  over  the 
hill  from  the  Sevier  and  on  the  Fish  creek 
side  of  the  Gold  mountain  range. 

SALT   LAKE  COUNTY. 

Through  an  arrangement  made  with 
the  management  of  the  Mystic  Shrine 
mine  at  Bingham,  the  development  of  the 


Erie  group  will  be  conducted  through  the 
Mystic  Shrine  tunnel,  says  J.  W.  Cairns 
of  Salt  Lake  City,  manager  of  the  Erie. 
The  Mystic  Shrine  tunnel  cuts  a  fissure 
within  16  feet  of  the  Erie  side  lines,  and 
at  this  point  drifting  will  be  started. 

The  Fourth  of  March  claim,  near  Bing- 
ham, has  been  sold  to  the  Butler-Liberal 
M.  Co.  for  $5000.  This  claim  is  said  to 
present  the  most  favorable  millsite  for  the 
Butler-Liberal  group. 

It  is  reported  the  Taylor  &  Brunton 
sampler  at  Salt  Lake  City  will  be  enlarged, 
as  consignments  are  daily  increasing. 

The  Superior-Alta  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  to 
operate  the  Hellgate  group  of  eight  claims 
at  Alta;  the  directors  are  J.  A.  Jacobson, 
W.  L.  Maas,  T.  Jacobson  and  L.  A.  Jeffs. 
The  Hellgate  group  adjoins  the  Old  Fred- 
erlch  mine  on  the  north.  Development 
work  has  shown  two  ledges,  both  carrying 
copper,  with  gold  and  silver,  one  being  10 
feet  in  width  and  the  other  8  feet.  It  is 
intended  to  sink  a  double-compartment 
shaft,  says  Manager  Maas.  A  hoisting 
plant  and  pumps  will  be  put  in  and  ar- 
rangements have  been  made  with  the 
Columbus  Con.  M.  Co.  for  power,  to  be 
supplied  by  its  Little  Cottonwood  plant 
when  completed. 

SUMMIT   COUNTY. 

Superintendent  J.  Keetley  of  the  Silver 
King  Con.  mine  at  Park  City  says  the 
hoist  is  in  place  and  three  shifts  are  at 
work  in  the  shaft  pumping  water.  Sink- 
ing will  be  resumed. 

At  the  Kearns-Keith  mill,  near  Park 
City,  preparations  are  going  ahead  for 
putting  in  the  machinery.  The  pipe  line 
has  been  laid  from  the  tunnel,  the  boilers 
are  in  place  and  bricked  up.  The  engine 
is  being  set  up. 

TOOELE  COUNTY. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Con.  Mercur 
G.  M.  Co.,  at  Mercur,  for  the  fiscal  year, 
just  issued,  shows:  Gross  value  of  gold 
bullion  produced  from  Golden  Gate  mill, 
$1,285,556  73,  and  from  the  Manning  mill, 
$35,452  90.  The  operating  expenses  were: 
Mine,  $450,298  52;  Golden  Gate  mill,  $547,- 
04837;  Manning  mill,  $27,064.42.  The 
total  number  of  tons  milled  during  the 
year  was  346,359;  but  of  this  335,163  tons 
is  represented  by  the  bullion  yield  given 
above  for  the  Golden  Gate  mill.  The  tail- 
ings for  the  year  averaged  $1.21  per  ton 
and  the  extraction  $3  84  per  ton.  The 
total  operating  costs  for  mining  and  mill- 
ing 346,359  tons  of  ore  were  $997,346.89,  or 
$2  88  per  ton.  (This  includes  all  of  the 
company's  expenses,  except  the  Manning 
mill  costs,  which  come  under  another 
head.)  The  expense  of  mining  was  $1.30 
and  of  milling  $1  58  per  ton.  The  Man- 
ning mill  was  operated  on  old  Mercur  tail- 
ings. The  tonnage  treated  was  55,009, 
with  extraction  of  64  cents  per  ton  and 
expenses  49  cents  per  ton.  Operations 
were  suspended  for  the  winter  season  and 
have  not  been  resumed  this  year,  pending 
completion  of  the  slimes  plant  at  the 
Golden  Gate  mill.  The  company's  pre- 
vious reportB  show  the  tailings  for  1901 
averaged  95  cents  and  for  1902  $1.19.  For 
six  months  preceding  May  1,  1903,  they 
averaged  $1.30.  Since  then  they  have  been 
running  on  reduced  tonnage  and  have  used 
more  care  in  mining,  with  view  to  keep 
out  the  more  slimy  ores.  G.  H.  Dern  of 
Salt  Lake  City  is  treasurer  and  manager. 

At  the  Sacramento  mine  at  Mercur, 
Superintendent  of  the  Mill  G.  W.  Cochler 
reports  an  average  of  140  tons  of  ore  going 
daily  through  the  crushers  and  into  the 
leaching  tanks,  while  the  retorts  are  pro- 
ducing mercury  from  2400  to  3000  pounds 
daily  of  ore  that  averages  10%  mercury, 
without  reference  to  $8  in  gold  which  Is 
contained  in  each  ton  of  slag.  The  ca- 
pacity of  the  retorting  plant  will  be  in- 
creased next  spring. 

UTAH  COUNTY. 

At  the  Silver  Dipper  mine,  at  the  head 
of  American  Fork  canyon,  near  American 
Fork,  Manager  L.  G.  Hardy  says  a  con- 
centrator will  be  built  in  the  spring.  For 
500  feet  the  tunnel  has  been  driven  on  the 
strike  of  the  ledge,  showing  3J  feet  of  ore, 
carrying  15%  lead,  fifteen  ounces  silver 
and  $1.50  gold  per  ton. 

The  Colton  Wax  mines  Nos.  4,  5,  6  and 
7  of  D.  B.  Higglns  et  al.,  near  Provo,  have 
been  sold  to  the  Colton  Wax  M.  &  Oil  Co. 

WEBER  COUNTY. 

A  milling  plant  will  be  built  in  the 
Sierra  Madre  mining  district  by  the 
Southern  Pacific  M.  Co  ,  of  which  J.  W. 
Burnham  of  Salt  Lake  City  is  secretary 
and  manager.  In  the  meantime  develop- 
ment will  be  increased.  They  are  driving 
a  tunnel  which  is  to  tap  the  ledges  at 
depth.  The  company  owns  the  Last 
Chance  group  of  seven  claims,  four  of 
which  are  located  along  the  contact  be- 
tween quartzlte  and  granite,  says  Burn- 
ham.  Assays  show  values  in  copper  and 
gold,  with  a  little  silver.  The  tunnel 
will  have  to  be  driven  to  a  length  of  700 
feet,  attaining  a  depth   of  550  feet.     The 


Sierra  Madre  district  is  north  of  Ogden. 

Manager  D.  Maguire  is  developing  the 

El  Dorado  group,  in  the  same  district, 
and  Burnham  says  it  is  already  a  big 
mine  and  says  he  has  sufficient  ore  blocked 
out  to  justify  the  erection  of  a  smelter. 

WASHINGTON. 

FERRY   COUNTY. 

C.  Bolkin,  J.  O'Donnell  and  W.  Hoff- 
stedter  are  developing  the  Copper  Key 
vein  at  Belcher  camp,  near  Republic,  and 
are  negotiating  with  the  smelter  for  treat- 
ment. 

The  Trade  Dollar  mine,  near  Republic, 
was  closed  temporarily  last  week,  pending 
setting  up  a  stationary  pump  on  the  200- 
foot  level. The  Curlew  M.  Co.  will  put 

in  a  compound  duplex  pump  at  the  pump- 
ing station  on  Granite  creek  to  supply 
their  reservoirs  and  tanks  with  20,000  gal- 
lons of  water  per  hour,  and  the  pump  now 
in  use  at  the  station  on  Granite  creek  will 
be  removed  to  the  Trade  Dollar  mine. 

W.  H.  Kells  has  men  at  work  on  the 
Nob  Hill  mine,  near  Republic,  opening  up 
the  vein. 

The  Mountain  Lion  mine,  at  Republic, 
under  control  of  A.  E.  Palmer,  continues 
shipments  of  150  tons  of  ore  which  Is  av- 
eraging $12  gold  per  ton.  The  ore  goes 
to  the  smelters.  It  is  expected  to  remodel 
the  mill  and  resume  treatment,  crushing 
120  tons  of  ore  daily. 

OKANOGAN  COUNTY. 
The  W.  O'Neill  interests  in  the  Pinnacle 
group  of  claims,  near  Loomls,  have  been 
sold  to  the  Pinnacle  G.  M.  Co.  The  com- 
pany is  working  twenty-five  men  and  in- 
tends building  either  an  aerial  or  gravity 
tramway  for  taking  ore  down  the  moun- 
tain, and  it  will  be  2000  feet  in  length.  On 
the  Bunker  Hill  claims  of  the  group  a 
vein  6  feet  wide  is  Bhown  on  the  surface. 
A  tunnel  on  the  ledge,  400  feet  in  length, 
is  all  in  ore  A  crosscut  on  the  Nevada 
claim  is  in  300  feet  and  has  150  feet  far- 
ther to  go  to  tap  the  vein  at  depth  of  750 
feet. 

SNOHOMISH  COUNTY. 
The  Federal  M.  &  S.  Co.  Is  reported  to 
have  sold  the  Everett  smelter,  with  $300,- 
000  worth  of  ore  on  hand,  and  the  Monte 
Cristo  mines,  at  Monte  Cristo,  to  the 
American  S.  &R.  Co.  at  over  $1,000,000. 
The  Wallace  Sampling  Works  have  been 
bought  for  $10,000  by  the  Federal  Co. 
from  the  American  S".  &  R.  Co.,  which 
bought  them  a  year  ago  from  the  Cceur 
d'Alene  Mine  Owners'  Association.  The 
Everett  smelter  was  formerly  owned  by 
the  Puget  Sound  Reduction  Co. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

TRANSVAAL. 

The  U.  S.  Consular  reports  show  im- 
ports of  cyanide  of  potassium  into  the 
Transvaal  for  the  first  five  months  of  1903 
aggregated  $560, 000  value.  Machinery  Im- 
ports (principally  mining  machinery)  for 
the  same  period  amounted  to  $5,000,000 
value;  and  mineral  oil,  $135,000. 

The  Transvaal  Chamber  of  Mines,  Jo- 
hannesburg, report  the  gold  output  for 
the  month  of  August  of  the  mines  which 
have  so  far  resumed  working  amounted  to 
262,569  fine  ounces,  value  £1.115,325  for 
the  Wltwatersrand.  being  an  Increase  of 
20,499  ounces,  as  compared  with  the  pre- 
vious month,  and  9349  ounces  for  the  out- 
side districts  (I.  e.,  outside  the  Rand 
proper),  value  £39,714,  being  a  decrease  of 
224  ounces  as  compared  with  the  previous 
month.  The  following  table  gives  the 
output  for  1903  to  date  as  compared  with 
1902: 


RANI). 

OUTSIDE. 

TOTAL. 

1902. 

Ozs. 

Ozs. 

Ozs. 

Jan. .. 

192  934 

6,345 

199,279 

70,341 

Feb... 

187,977 

8,536 

196  513 

81,405 

March 

208,456 

9,009 

217,465 

104,127 

April. 

218,900 

8.971 

227,871 

116,589 

May. . 

224,409 

9,716 

234,125 

138,602 

June.. 

228,16/ 

10,153 

238,320 

142,780 

July . . 

242,070 

9,573 

251,643 

149,179 

Aug.. 

262,569 

9,349 

271,918 

162,750 

Total.  1,765,482    71,452    1,837,134    969,773 

The  Transvaal  Chamber  of  Mines,   Jo- 
hannesburg,  under   date  of  Sept.  10,  re- 
port on  native  labor  on  the  Rand: 
Natives  distributed  to  mines  during 
August  by  Native  Labor  Associa- 
tion    6,649 

Time  expired  and  other  wastage 5,083 

Net  gain  during  July 1,666 

Total  number  employed   at  end  of 
July 68,228 

AUSTRALIA. 

NEW  SOUTH  WALES. 
Sydney  reports  of  Sept.  5  show  the  New 
South  Wales  gold  yield  for  month  of 
August  amounted  to  14,636  ounces,  valued 
at  £53,149.  The  yield  for  the  first  eight 
months  of  the  year  was  176,441  ounces, 
valued  at  £647,087. 


October  3,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


2*7 


WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

The  Great  Boulder  Proprietary  G.  Co  , 
Kalgoorlio,  report  returns  for  month  of 
August:  At  sulphide  mill,  9349  tons  of 
ore  crushed;  gold  yield,  13,739  ounces; 
tailings  (old),  2330  tons  of  ore  crushed; 
gold,  764  ounces.     Total  estimated  value, 

£47,759.  Great      Flngall      Southern 

Blocks— September  16  report,  will  Btart 
diamond  drill  October  1st. 

KalgurllGold  report,  Sept.  18:  On  1050- 
foot  level,  at  100  feet,  the  north  drive  Is  In 
ore  worth  26  dwts.  per  ton;  1000  foot  level, 
at  220  feet,  the  north  drive  1b  in  ore  worth 
19  dwts.  per  ton;  in  both  places  the  width 
of  the  ore  is  12  feet. 

The  Sons  of  Gwalla  mine  at  Leonora  re- 
port Sept.  12:  No.  12  level,  203  feet  from 
shaft,  samples  from  face  assay  2  ozs.  10 
dwts  gold  per  ton  for  width  of  8  feet. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

CARIBOO  DISTRICT. 
H.  Jones,  manager  of  the  Gold  Gravel 
&  Drainage  Co.,  owning  ground  at  the 
Wingdam,  near  Barkerville,  says  he  is 
arranging  to  resume  on  a  larger  scale, 
after  a  year's  suspension. 

EAST  KOOTENAY    DISTRICT. 

The  Silver- Lead  Mine  Owners'  Associa- 
tion has  been  formed  at  Sandon  and  includes 
twenty-nine  incorporated  companies,  be- 
ing all  the  silver-lead  producers  in  the 
Slocan,  Lardo  and  Ainsworth  districts. 
The  purpose  of  the  association  is  to  pool 
the  product  so  as  to  get  the  best  rates 
available  from  the  smelters,  says  the  Fort 
Steele  Prospector. 

Fifty  coke  ovens  are  completed  at  the 
coal  mines  at  Morrissey,  twenty-five  of 
which  are  in  operation. 

C.  Kleinsmlth,  A.  W.  Bleasdell  et  al.  of 
Fort  Steele,  have  staked  sixteen  coal 
claims  on  Elk  river. 

Near  Elko,  two  prospectors  report  find- 
ing a  body  of  hematite  on  Sand  creek. 
They  are  driving  a  tunnel  on  the  vein, 
which  Is  6  feet  wide. 

Development  at  the  Coal  Creek  coal 
mines  of  the  Crow's  Nest  Pass  Co.  Is  pro- 
gressing. At  No.  4  the  coal  Is  being 
wasted  on  the  dump  as  the  tramway  is 
Incomplete,  owing  to  delay  in  arrival  of 
rails.  In  No.  5  three  drifts  have  struck 
coal.  Development  work  has  been  started 
on  No.  9,  which  is  near  No.  1.  Nos.  6,  7 
and  8  will  not  be  developed  until  next 
year.  The  haulage  engines  at  the  mines 
are  being  placed  in  position. 

ROSSLAND   DISTRICT. 

The  Elmore  oil  process  plant  at  the  Le 
Bol  No.  2  mine  at  Rossland  Is  In  operation. 

The  Nickel  Plate  compressor,  near  Rosb- 
land,  is  in  operation  by  the  West  Koote- 
nay  Power  Co.  The  plant  will  supply  air 
for  forty  drills  and  requires  600  electrical 
H.  P.  to  run  it.  Le  Rol  mine  will  draw 
its  compressed  air  from  this  source.  It  is 
expected  the  Spitzee  Co.  will  arrange  for 
air  supply  from  the  Nickel  Plate  com- 
pressor, laying  a  pipe  line  to  the  Spitzee 
head  works. 

SLOCAN    DISTRICT. 

Preparations  are  being  made  to  put  in 
a  second  tramway  at  the  Idaho  mine,  near 
Sandon. 

A.  Cameron  et  al.  have  a  lease  on  the 
Conductor,  near  the  Idaho  mine,  near 
Sandon,  and  are  driving  on  the  lead. 

A  strike  has  been  made  on  the  River- 
side mine,  Ten-Mile,  Bhowing  a  6-inch 
stringer  containing  argentite,  ruby  and 
native  silver  and  sulphides. 

J.  Humphries,  of  the  Rambler-Cariboo 
mine  at  McGulgan,  says  a  body  of  good 
ore  has  been  struck  on  the  700-foot  level. 
Manager  W.  E.  Zwickey,  in  drifting  200 
feet  on  the  700-foot  level,  followed  what 
appeared  to  be  the  top  of  a  shoot  of  ore. 
It  was  cut  in  three  places,  has  widened  to 
18  Inches  in  drifting  20  feet.  It  carrleB 
100  ounces  of  sliver  and  40%  In  lead. 
They  will  run  a  4600-foot  tunnel,  starting 
half  way  between  the  mine  workings  and 
McGuigan.  It  will  give  depth  of  1400 
feet,  and  will  be  of  two-track  width.  The 
mine  Is  shipping  eighteen  cars  of  concen- 
trates a  month,  which  net  11300  a  car 
from  the  smelter.  The  compressor  is  be- 
ing moved  to  a  point  where  more  water 
will  be  available  for  power.  The  mine 
has  seventy- five  men  at  work. 

VANCOUVER   ISLAND. 

The  No.  4  coal  mine  at  Extension,  which 
has  been  closed  for  several  months,  has 
been  reopened.  This  will  give  employ- 
ment to  250  men  and  increase  the  output 
by  several  tonB  daily. 

WEST  KOOTENAY   DISTRICT. 

In  Poplar  creek  section,  near  Lardeau, 
J.  J.  Young  of  Calgary  and  Cochrane 
Bros,  of  McLeod  are  reported  to  have 
bought  for  $3500  the  E.  Larsen  claim, 
between  the  Swede  group  and  the  Lucky 
Jack. 

The  Lucky  Jack  claim  on  Poplar  creek 
is  under  bond  to  J.  J.  Young  and  W.  B. 
Pool  of  Calgary  for  $90,000.  They  are 
making  arrangements  to  put  In  a  stamp 


mill  and  are  making  other  Improvements. 
They  have  a  tunDel  in  60  feet. 

J.  L.  Whitney  &  Co.  of  Rossland  have 
bought  the  Home  Run  claim,  adjoining 
the  Lucky  Jack  to  the  south,  on  Poplar 
creek,  In  the  Lardeau.  They  will  equip 
and  develop  tbn  property. 

CANADA. 

ALBERTA. 
Mr.   Bondonneau  of   Paris  and  M.  Le- 
febre  of  Lisle,  France,  have  men  at  work 
on  their  coal  properties  near  Frank. 

CUBA. 

F.  Stelnhart,  U.  S.  Consul  General  at 
Havana,  in  his  annual  report  says  the  ex- 
ports of  mineral  products  (iron,  manga- 
nese and  asphalt)  from  the  island  for  the 
four  yearB.  1699-1902,  inclusive,  amounted 
to  $3,909,300.  The  mineral  resources  of 
the  island  are  represented  by  the  following 
products:  Gold,  Bilver,  Iron,  copper,  man- 
ganese, lead,  asphalt,  petroleum,  naphtha, 
graphite,  amianthus,  zinc,  mercury  and, 
it  is  stated,  coal.  These  minerals  are 
found  in  most  of  the  provinces,  but  the 
richest  mineral  district  is  the  Province  of 
Santiago  de  Cuba,  followed  in  importance 
by  Santa  Clara,  Puerto  Principe,  Pinar 
del  Rio,  Matanzas  and  Habana.  The  fol- 
lowing Is  a  statement  of  the  existing  min- 
ing concessions  in  the  different  provinces: 

AREA. 

PROVINCE.      MINES.     , ' , 

Number.  Hectares.  Acres. 
Santiago  de  Cuba.. 386         18,051       44,586 

Santa  Clara 59  1,736         4,288 

Puerto  Principe...  27  2,106         5,202 

Pinar  del  Rio 13  551         1,361 

Matanzas 11  180  444 

Habana 10  208  514 

Total 506         22,832       56,395 

Of  this  number  of  mines,  very  few  of 
iron,  manganese,  and  copper  in  the  Prov- 
ince of  Santiago  de  Cuba  are  in  operation; 
and  the  others  can  be  considered  only  as 
concessions  waiting  for  funds  for  exploita- 
tion. The  administration,  according  to 
the  laws  in  force,  can  not  compel  the  min- 
ers to  operate  their  claims.  The  owner  is 
in  possession  of  his  mine  to  perpetuity, 
and  at  his  own  will  may  work  it  or  not. 
The  only  cause  of  forfeiture  established 
by  the  law  is  the  failure  to  pay  the  annual 
taxes.  The  applicants  for  mines  can  ask 
for  one  or  several  claims  at  the  same  time. 
A  claim  (pertenencla)  is  300  meters  (984 
feet)  long  by  200  meters  (656  feet)  wide  (6 
hectares,  or  14.8  acres),  except  when  the 
mines  are  iron,  coal,  anthracite,  lignite, 
turf,  asphalt,  or  bituminous  clays,  when 
the  pertenencla  Is  500  meters  (1640  feet) 
long  and  300  meterB  (984  feet)  wide  (15  hec 
tares,  or  37  acreB).  The  taxes  to  be  paid 
to  the  Government  are  $5  yearly  per  hec- 
tare (2  471  acres),  when  the  mines  are  of 
precious  stones  or  metalliferous  substances. 
In  the  other  cases  the  tax  is  $2  per  hec- 
tare. 

MEXICO. 

CHIHUAHUA. 

The  Democrata  mine  in  Santa  Eulalia 
camp  has  been  sold  to  A.  C.  Aiken  et  al.  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  who  have  also  bought 
the  O'Callahan-McDermott  group  and 
the  Inglaterra  y  Annexas  of  Dale  Bros. 

A  bond  has  been  given  on  the  Ingla- 
terra y  Annexas  group  of  thirty-eight 
pertenencias  at  Santa  Eulalia  to  A.  C. 
Aiken,  Jackson  et  al.  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  for  one  year  at  $100,000  gold.  A  dia- 
mond drill  will  be  put  in  operation.  The 
group  is  between  the  Carolina  and  San 
Antonio  mineB,  all  of  which  adjoin  the 
Potosl.  It  is  understood  a  BerieB  of  dia- 
mond drill  holes  are  to  be  put  down  on 
the  three  properties  named  and  near  the 
Potosl  line. 

W.  D.  Pierce,  manager  of  the  La  Luz 
G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the  La  Luz  mine  at 
Maguarlchic,  says  he  has  started  founda- 
tion work  for  the  16-ton  capacity  mill  and 
concentrator. 

It  is  reported  that  most  of  the  work  on 
the  San  Jose  mine  (Los  Angeles  group)  at 
Parral  has  been  stopped  until  a  larger 
shaft  Is  sunk  and  connected  with  the 
present  workings. 

The  Venture  Corporation  of  London, 
Eng.,  is  reported  to  have  a  short  option 
for  $500,000  on  the  Dolores  group  of  mines, 
owned  by  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  men.  E.  A. 
WiltBee  is  resident  manager  of  the  com- 
pany.    The  ores  carry  gold  and  silver. 

G.  W.  Boyce  of  BoBton,  Mass.,  says  he 
will  increase  operations  on  a  number  of 
mining  properties  in  which  he  is  Inter- 
ested in  Chihuahua,  especially  in  Ter- 
razas  camp.  He  will  also  start  work  on 
the  Victorino  group,  and  on  the  Cruger 
silver-copper  mine,  6  miles  from  Bustillos. 
Boyce  is  operating  for  himself  and  Boston 
and  Providence,  R.  I.,  men  several  prop- 
erties In  Terrazas  camp,  the  Josefina 
mine  near  CuBihuiriachic,  and  the  Cabrisa 
copper  mine  over  the  line  in  Sonora. 

The  Torreon  Smelter  Co.  has  an  option 
on  the  San  Diego  mine  at  S.anta  Barbara 


for  $50,000,    says   the  Chihuahua   Enter- 
prise. 

DURANGO. 

The  Restaurador  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Guanacevi,  has  been  making  tests  with 
the  cyanide  process  at  the  Santa  Cruz 
mine,  which  Bhow  satisfactory  results, 
says  Superintendent  H.  H.  Hughes.  The 
mine  Is  owned  by  the  Banco  Naclonal, 
which  owns  fourteen  properties  in  that 
section  with  an  average  output  of  14,000 
tons  monthly. 

The  New  Australian  M.  Co.  of  Guan- 
acevi are  preparing  to  put  in  additional 
machinery. 

The  owners  of  the  San  Nacusio  mineB, 
100  miles  Bouth  of  Torreon,  Chihuahua, 
have  built  a  railroad  from  the  mineB  to 
Nacasio  station,  on  the  Mexican  Central 
R.  R.  The  mines  are  in  the  San  Juan  de 
Guadalupe  district. 

SONORA. 

D.  M.  Heller  and  C.  A.  Overlook  et  al. 
of  Douglas,  Ariz  ,  have  formed  a  company 
to  open  up  the  Santa  Rosa  gold  mine  20 
miles  south  of  Nogales. 

ZACATECAS. 

N.  M.  Dleffenbach  of  Mexico  City,  gen- 
eral representative  of  the  American  S.  & 
R.  Co.,  has  an  option  on  the  Malanoche 
mineB  of  the  Compania  Minera  Gran 
Cuadra  Prodigio  y  Anexas,  near  Zacate- 
cas,  for  $500,000  gold. 

NEW   ZEALAND. 

The  export  of  gold  for  the  first  seven 
months  is  given  as  follows: 

Oz.  £ 

1903 313.100  1,194,399 

1902 279,454  1,074,044 


Increase  for  1903....  33,646  120,355 

The  export  of  gold  for  the  firBt  seven 
monthB  of  1903  exceeds  that  of  any  one 
year  from  1881  to  1898  inclusive. 

There  are  seventy-one  men  at  work  on 
the  Puponga  Coal  Co.'s  property  at  Col- 
lingwtod;  fifteen  men  In  mine  develop- 
ment, forty-seven  in  construction  of  tram 
line,  and  nine  In  jetty  construction.  J. 
Bishop,  consulting  engineer,  says  the 
jetty  on  August  17th  was  completed 
14C0  feet,  a  further  distance  of  1000 
feet  is  required  to  complete  the  con- 
tract, with  the  addition  of  breastwork 
for  wharfage,  coal  bins  and  housing. 
These  additions  will  not  be  completed  till 
November,  as  there  is  difficulty  in  obtain- 
ing delivery  of  timber.  A  tunneled  en- 
gine road  is  being  driven  to  haul  the  coal 
from  the  present  lowest  levels  to  the 
screens,  and  to  extend  the  dip  heading 
Into  the  dip  section  of  the  coal  field,  the 
Puponga  Coal  Co.  having  taken  an  option 
over  the  lands  proved  by  boring  by  the 
Cape  Prospecting  Co.,  says  the  Mines 
Record. 

The  Cromwell  Proprietary  mine,  at 
Bendigo,  near  Cromwell,  Otago,  has  been 
sold,  together  with  plant,  water  races  and 
water  rights,  for  £120,  to  D.  B.  Waters,  of 
Dunedin,  who  will  develop  It  at  the  lower 
levels. 

The  Cromwell  and  Bannockburn  Col- 
lieries Co.  reportB  development  work  pro- 
gressing on  its  area  of  coal-bearing  Crown 
lands.  Sixty-four  men  are  employed  and 
the  pay  Bheet  is  at  the  rate  of  £1000  per 
month.  Recent  additions  to  the  plant  in- 
clude a  20  H.  P.  steam  boiler,  duplex 
pump  with  capacity  of  10,080  gallons  per 
hour,  also  an  engine  and  winding  gear  for 
the  Shepherd's  Creek  mine. 

PERU. 

Thirty  carloads  of  machinery  and  pip- 
ing from  the  Arcadian  copper  mines,  In 
Houghton  county,  Mich.,  have  been 
shipped  via  New  York  to  the  Cerro  de 
Pasco  mines,  at  Cerro  de  PaBco,  in  Junin 
department,  and  owned  by  J.  B.  Haggin 
of  New  York. 

RUSSIA. 

Fire  broke  out  on  the  23d  inst.  at  the 
Biliebat  naphtha  fountains,  owned  by  the 
Nobel  Co.,  at  the  oil  fields  at  Baku,  and 
has  already  caused  d  mage  estimated  at 
$2,500,000.  The  works  have  been  com- 
pletely destroyed  and  the  fire  at  last  re- 
ports was  still  spreading. 

TASMANIA. 

The  Brisels  Tin  Co.'s  report  for  the 
period  ending  August  31  shows :  Black 
tin  cleaned  up,  35  tons  9  cwts.  (July  out- 
put, 36  tons).  Average  total  sluiceheads 
of  water  available  from  all  sourceB,  175 
(July,  173);  rainfall  during  period,  804 
points  (July,  892);  overburden  removed, 
46,900  cubic  yards,  in  addition  to  12,540 
from  No.  1  Co.  (July,  41,600,  No.  1  Co., 
3565).  They  drift  -  sluiced  16,300  cubic 
yards  (July,  23,500). 

VENEZUELA. 

Caracas  reports  state  that  the  official 
gazette  has  published  a  government  de- 
cree suspending  the  operation  of  the  min- 
ing code  for  an  indefinite  period.  This 
decree  will    render    new    acquisitions    of 


mines  in  Venezuela  impossible.  The  rea- 
son given  Is  that  certain  politicians  wish 
to  monopolize  all  the  mines  in  the  district 
of  Cludad  Bolivar,  without  meeting  any 
competition,  In  order  to  afterward  sell 
the  mines  to  foreign  companies.  This 
action,  taken  without  previous  notice, 
will  cause  detriment  to  the  American  min- 
ing parties  who  are  now  engaged  In  sur- 
veying several  mining  claims  In  the  dis- 
trict of  Orinoco. 


I        PERSONAL.        ! 

*  * 

J.  R.  Ferris  has  returned  to  Rawlins, 
Wyo.,  from  Denver,  Colo. 

C.  W.  Purington  has  returned  to 
Denver,  Colo.,  from  Ely,  Nevada. 

W.  L.  Watts,  E.  M.,  is  in  San  Francis- 
co, Cal.,  from  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

S.  T.  Murchie  is  superintendent  of  the 
Phelps  Hill  mine,   near  Grass  Valley,  Cal. 

L.  N.  FiTTS,  of  Crestone,  Colo,,  is  In 
Old  Mexico  Inspecting  mining  properties. 

H.  J.  Loughran.  of  Tonopah,  Nev.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal,,  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

C.  J.  Carlson  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  Golconda  mill,  near  Sump- 
ter,  Or. 

F.  Smaile  Is  superintendent  of  the 
Portland  G.  M.  Co.,  at  Victor,  Colo.,  vice 
Fitzgerald,  resigned. 

J.  H.  Mackenzie  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  mine  examination  in 
Calaveras  county,  Cal. 

M.  Bondonneau  of  Paris  and  M.  Le- 
febre  of  Lisle,  France,  are  at  Frank,  Al- 
berta, from  Ottawa,  Canada. 

G.  W.  Boyce  Is  at  Terrazas,  Chihua- 
hua, Mex.,  from  Boston,  Mass.,  to  start 
work  on  the  Victorino  mines. 

C.  A.  Holland,  of  Carters,  Cal ,  man- 
ager of  the  Georgiana  mine  in  Tuolumne 
county,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

H.  G.  Vercoe,  of  Fresno,  Cal ,  super- 
tendent  of  the  Fresno  copper  mine,  Is  In 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  business. 

H.  R  Vercoe,  of  London,  Eng.,  inter- 
ested in  several  mining  properties  in  Cali- 
fornia, is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  busi- 
ness. 

A.  M.  Wagner  of  Webb  City,  Mo., 
president  of  the  Thames  M.  Co.,  has  gone 
to  Hermoslllo,  Sonora,  Mex.,  to  examine 
mines. 

A.  C.  Gibson,  of  the  Pick  and  Drill  M. 
Co.,  has  returned  to  Vincennes,  Ind., 
from  their  mines  in  Agua  Frla  district, 
Arizona. 

W.C.Thomas,  superintendent  of  the 
Newhouse  smelters,  returned  to  Salt  Lake 
City  last  week  from  a  trip  to  New  York 
and  Boston. 

J.  A.  Bunting,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
is  president  of  the  Esperanza  Oil  Co.,  op- 
erating in  the  Coalinga  field,  Fresno 
county,  Cal. 

A.  E.  Bryan  is  manager  of  the  North 
American  G.  M.  Co.,  owning  the  Porcu- 
pine mine,  Wind  Creek  district,  near 
Sumpter,  Or. 

C.  D.  Rooklidge  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City  last  week  from  a  trip  East, 
where  he  haB  been  several  weeks  on  min- 
ing business. 

V.  C.  Osmont  will  return  next  week 
from  Berkeley,  Cal.,  to  Hermoslllo,  So- 
nora, Mexico,  near  which  place  he  is  en- 
gaged in  mining. 

C.  Miller,  formerly  manager  of  the 
Amethyst  mine  at  Creede,  Colo,,  is  super- 
intendent of  the  Comstock  mine  near 
Idaho  Springs,  Colo. 

Manager  D.  McVichie  of  the  Bing- 
ham Con.  C.  Co.  is  at  the  Balaklala  cop- 
per mines  In  Shasta  county,  Cal.,  from 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

C.  W.  Milne,  of  London,  Eng.,  is  at 
Ocampo,  Chihuahua,  Mex.,  in  the  inter- 
ests of  the  San  Ramon  M.  Co.  and  the 
Watterson  Gold,  Ltd. 

D.  J.  Duncan,  of  New  York,  is  assis- 
tant manager  of  the  Hays  Con.  M,  M.  & 
L.  Co.  properties,  at  Camp  Hays,  in  So- 
nora, Mex  ,  near  Nogales,  Ariz. 

Ro'bert,  George  and  Henry 
Mitchell,  who  are  largely  interested  in 
copper  mines  on  the  Pacific  coaBt  and  in 
Mexico,  are  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

H.  C.  Hoover,  of  Bewick,  Moreing  & 
Co.,  is  at  Victoria,  Australia,  from  Lon- 
don, England,  visiting  mines  of  the  Lon- 
don &  Globe  Deep  Lead  Assets,  Ltd. 

W.  H.  Kritzer,  E.  E.,  has  resigned 
from  the  Risdon  Iron  Works,  San  Fran- 


228 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3,  1903. 


eisco,  Cal.,  and  will  hereafter  be  associated 
with  the  Joshua  Hendy  Machine  Works, 
San  Francisco. 

R.  Hamilton,  president  of  the  West 
Australian  Chamber  of  Mines,  and  man- 
ager of  the  Great  Boulder  Proprietary  G. 
M.  of  West  Australia,  is  in  California  on  a 
tour  of  inspection. 

J.  F.  PARR  has  resigned  as  superintend- 
ent of  the  Esmeralda  Con.  M.  Co  ,  near 
Hawthorne,  Nev.,  and  will  be  succeeded 
by  H.  W.  Nelson  of  the  Alpine  G.  M.  Co. 
of  Sumpter,  Or. 

H.  N.  Dempsey,  for  the  past  two  years 
with  the  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.  of 
Denver,  Colo  .  is  located  at  578  Mission 
street,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  representing 
that  establishment. 

Governor  Pardee  of  California  has 
appointed  J.  B.  Doollttle  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of 
the  California  State  Mining  Bureau,  vice 
Ross  E.  Browne,  resigned. 

R.  P.  Jarvis,  late  superintendent  of  the 
Silver  City  G.  &  S.  M.  Co  ,  New  Mexico, 
has  accepted  the  position  of  professor  of 
mining  at  the  Washington  Agricultural 
College  at  Pullman,  Wash. 

W.  F.  Snyder,  president  and  manager 
of  the  Western  Exploration  Co  ,  returned 
to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week,  after 
an  extended  absence  In  the  East  In  the 
interest  of  the  Balaklala  copper  mines  in 
Shasta  county,  Cal. 

H.  A.  Salzer,  A.  PlatzSr  and  F.  X. 
Kreitler,  the  two  former  from  La 
CrosBe,  Wis.,  and  the  latter  from  Nebras- 
ka and  Forrest  county,  Pa ,  who  have 
been  Inspecting  the  mine  and  work  of  the 
Idaho  Gold  Coin  at  Black  Lake,  have  re- 
turned to  their  homes. 


#&tk**H,1&'*'*,&*4>*S''*'fc'*,'fc****'fc*'fc'&*3S 


Obituary. 


W  ****&'&'*'**'*$> 'fc'fc***&*Mj*t|J''.!?&**<&& 


Catalogues  Received. 


^.■J'J.f.iTJ.ti^..'f.if.ijC.iJiJiif.if.tf,.tiiji.ji^iigi-f..f.^.f,^.f..|.^ 

Catalogue  No.  12,  first  edition,  from  Al- 
Us-Chalmera  Co.,  describes  in  detail  the 
Overstrom  concentrator,  the  subject  be- 
ing given  most  extended  notice.  Full  di- 
rections are  given  regarding  erection  and 
operation.  Diagrams  in  colors  are  among 
the  Illustrations,  the  diagrams  showing 
the  action  of  the  siliceous  and  other  min- 
eral particles  on  the  table. 

Catalogue  No.  31  from  the  A.  S.  Came- 
ron Steam  Pump  Works,  foot  of  East 
Twenty-third  street,  New  York  City,  N. 
Y.,  gives  comprehensive  showing  of  the 
various  standard  makes  of  pumps  by  that 
company.  So  fine  a  pictorial  exposition 
of  pumping  machinery  speaks  well  for  the 
ability  of  the  manufacturers  to  supply 
what  is  graphically  depicted.  The  book 
is  a  work  of  art,  and  is  deservedly  copy- 
righted. 

Catalogue  No  58,from  the  Stilwell-Blerce 
&  Smlth-Valle  Co.,  Dayton,  Ohio,  is  devo- 
ted to  the  Stilwell  heaters,  for  heating  and 
purifying  water  for  boiler  feed  and  manu- 
facturing purposes,  giving  detailed  figures 
showing  the  manifest  economic  value  of 
the  device,  with  testimonials  to  its  effi- 
ciency and  fully  illustrated  descriptions. 
The  catalogue  may  be  had  from  the  home 
office,  or  the  Pacific  Coast  manager,  Geo. 
W.  Ingils,  11-13  First  street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

■S  * 

| Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

■s  * 

Otto  C.  Plessner  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  representing  Arthur  Koppel  of  66-68 
Broad  street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

To  concentrate  their  business  and 
have  better  factory  facilities  the  Vaj?n- 
Bader  Co.  has  removed  from  Indianapolis 
to  Richmond,  Ind. 

The  Pelton  Water  Wheel  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal ,  report  their  plant  working 
night  and  day  to  keep  up  with  orders. 
Among  the  important  contracts  closed 
during  the  past  few  months  for  hydro- 
electric plants  are  reported  the  following, 
which  aggregate  56,408  H.  P  :  *  merican 
River  Electric  Co.,  Placervllle,  Cal ,  head 
575  feet,  two  double  Pelton  units,  each  of 
2500  H.  P.  capacity;  Pike's  Peak  Hydro- 
Electric  Co ,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo , 
head  2200  feet,  three  Pelton  wheels,  each 
of  1500  H.  P.  capac'.ty;  Columbia  Im- 
provementCo.,  Tacoma,  Wash.,  head  850 
feet,  four  Pelton  units,  each  of  7500  H.  P. 
capacity;  Vancouver  Power  Co  ,  Vancou- 
ver, B.  C„  head  390  feet,  three  double  Pel- 
ton  units,  each  of  3000  H  P.  capacity; 
Northern  California  Power  Co  ,  Anderson, 
Cal ,  head  1150  feet,  two  double  Pelton 
units,  each  of  3000  H.  P.  capacity;  Rock 
Creek  P.  &  T.  Co.,  Baker  City,  Ore , 
head  960  feet,  two  Pelton  units,  aggregat- 
ing 1760  H.  P.  capacity;  Columbus  Con. 
M.  Co.,  one  Pelton  unit,  494  feet  head,  660 
H.  P.  capacity. 


G.  W.  SEVERNS,  a  pioneer  mining  man 
of  Cochise  county,  Ariz  ,  died  at  Boston, 
Mass  ,  Sept.  24th.  Deceased  went  to  Ari- 
zona In  1886  and  entered  the  mining  field, 
In  which  he  held  considerable  interests  at 
the  time  of  his  death.  He  owned  consid- 
erable property  in  the  Dragoon  moun- 
tains and  is  said  to  have  been  the  first 
man  to  erect  a  mill  in  those  mountains. 

Cornelius  Haywood,  for  twenty 
years  a  resident  of  Denver,  Colo,  and 
interested  In  Park  county,  Colo  ,  mines, 
died  Sept  2 1st,  at  the  age  of  82,  from  gen- 
eral debility.  Deceased  was  born  at  Lon- 
don, England,  In  November,  1821,  and 
came  to  New  Orleans,  La.,  In  1840,  going 
from  there  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.  After  the 
civil  war  he  was  in  Chicago,  111 ,  going  to 
Colorado  in  1885,  and  interested  himself 
in  mining.  He  is  survived  by  a  sister  and 
two  sons  and  one  daughter — Bryan, 
Charles  and  Lillian  Haywood. 

*  * 

|        Books   Received.         f 

*  * 

Jfc  if.  <$i  i$«  tfi  <$,  ip  if*  if*  tf.  ifi  if.  if*  if*  .-Ji  .fi  if*  .f.  if*  if*  if*  if*  if*  if*  if*  if*  S 

"Gas  Engine  Design,  With  an  Intro- 
duction on  Compressed  Air,"  is  the  mod- 
est title  of  a  treatise  by  E.  J.  Stoddard 
(for  sale  by  Parker  &  Burton,  12  Hodge 
Blk.,  Detroit,  Mich.,  $1),  which  contains 
formula;  and  severely  technical  discussion 
of  gas  engine  design,  and  work  that  is  of 
unusual  merit. 


New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Paolflc  coast  inventors : 

FOR  THE  WEEK  ENDING  SEPTEMBER  22,  t903 

739,632.— Trolley  Catcher— J.  V.  Alnsworth,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

739.531. — FRUIT  Dipper— H.  M.  Barngrover,  San 
Jose,  Cal. 

739,281.— Fdrnace  —  Blanchard  &  Williams,  Dil- 
lard,  Or. 

739,532.— GAS  Generator— F.  M.  Caler,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

739,617.— Harp— J.  E.  Chllds.  Spokane,  Wash 

739,294  —Road  Spool— W.  H.  Corbett,  Portland, 
Or. 

739,590  —CATTLE  Guard  —  W.  von  Diake,  Van- 
couver, Wash. 

739,402  —Stereoscope— T.  B.  Eastman,  S.  F. 

739.662.— Exhibiting  Box— Francisco  &  Martin, 
San  Diego,  Cal. 

739.672.— Electric  Switch— J.  Harisberger,  Seat- 
tle, Wash. 

739,546.— Oil  Burner— W.  F.  Hogan,  S.  F 

739,676.— Thee  Support— a.  A.  Hoyt,  Watsonville, 

739,419  — Scorifier  Tongs-J.  M.  Hyde,  S.  F. 

739,755.— Water  Gate -Martin  &  Ormond,  River- 
side, Cal. 

739,701.— SEAL  LOCK— D.  E.  McLaughlin,  Taenia, 
Wash. 

739.337.— Game— W.  L.  Newman,  Panaca,  Nev. 

739,339 — Photographic  Process— P.  Ny,  Berke- 
ley. Cal. 

739.310— Furnace— J.  B.  Orbison,  S.  F. 

739,319  —Grain  Separator  —  W-  M.  Russell, 
Walsh  Cal. 

739  371.— Disk  Plow— Simeral  &  Wiggins,  Salem, 
Or. 

739,454  —Casing  Spear— Stockton  &  Helfenstein, 
Bakersfield,  Cal. 

739,745.— Oiling  Device— G.  W.  ThurstoD,  Duns- 
muir,  Cal. 

739,570 —RASP— G.  K.  Woods.  Prescott.  Ariz 

739,530.— Cash  Register— W.  a.  Zimmerman,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 


Notice  of    Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  reoently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  speolal  mention : 

Air  Vent  Controller  for  Barrels.— No.  739,- 
058.  Sept.  15,  1903.  E.  R.  Charles,  Fetaluma,  Cal. 
This  invention  relates  to  a  device  for  controlling 
the  ingress  of  air  into  barrels  and  like  containers, 
so  as  to  allow  the  liquid  contents  lo  escape  freely; 
and  to  provide  means  whereby  air  may  be  admit- 
ted when  requ  red,  and  the  opening  hermetically 
sealed  for  transportation  when  not  In  use 

Oil  Burner.— No.  739,516.  Sept.  22, 1903.  W.  F. 
Hogan,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  One-half  assigned  to 
Wro.Matsonof  same  plaoe.  This  invention  con- 
sists of  concentric  steam  and  oil  inlet  pipes,  with 
discharge  passages  at  the  ends,  a  cylindrical 
mixing  chamber  Inlo  which  the  steam  and  oil  are 
delivered,  a  return  bend  connected  with  the  outer 
end  of  said  chamber  having  a  discharge  or  burner 
opening  in  its  outer  convexity,  a  return  pipe  or 
passage  below  and  parallel  with  the  mixine  cham- 
ber contiguous  to  the  oil  and  steam  inlets  whereby 
the  heavy  portions  which  may  settle  are  returned 
continuously  into  the  mixing  chamber. 

Tree  Support.- No.  738,676.  Sept.  22, 1903.  Asa 
A.  Hoyt,  Watsonville,  Cal.  Assigned  to  Hoyt's 
Tree  Support  Co.  of  Watsonville,  a  corporation. 
The  objeot  of  this  invention  is  to  provide  a  prop- 
less  support  for  ihe  limbs  of  fruit  and  other  trees 
which  shall  be  self-adjusting  to  any  angle  at 
which  two  limbs  to  be  supported  may  stacd.  The 
device  consists  essentially  of  concaved  blooks 
adapted  to  fit  the  curvature  of  tree  limbs,  and 
having  swivel  attachments  which  may  be  con- 
nected with  the  opposite  support  and  which  by 
raising  of  their  swivel  connection  with  the  blocks 
allow  the  latter  to  take  any  position  to  fit  the 
limb  without  chafing. 


Dividends. 


Bunker  Hill  & 
$18,000;  Oct.  5. 


Sullivan  M.  &  C.  Co.. 


Latest    Jlarket    Reports. 

m 

San  Francisco,  October  2,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London, 
27^  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver,  59Jc,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  59Jc;  Mexican  dollars,  47c 
@49c;  San  Francisco,  46c  New  York. 

Silver  hovers  close  to  the  60-cent  mark, 
but  has  not  yet  reached  that  figure. 
There  is  reason  to  hope,  however,  that  a 
further  advance  In  price  will  be  made 
While  the  rise  In  price  is  a  satisfactory 
item  in  the  output  of  all  mines  producing 
gold-silver,  copper-silver  and  lead-silver 
ores,  no  effort  has  as  yet  been  made  to 
open  new  mines  producing  silver  only. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.25;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.25;  Elec- 
trolytic, 1  to  3  casks,  $13  25;  Cast- 
ing, 1  to  3  casks,  S13.12J;  San  Fran- 
cisco: $15.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.    London:    £55  spot  per  ton. 

Copper  shows  a  slight  falling  off  in  price 
since  last  week's  quotations  The  New 
York  market  is  dull  and  the  small  amount 
of  metal  being  bought  makes  the  market 
quiet.  It  would  not  be  surprising  to  see 
still  lower  prices  than  those  quoted  to- 
day, though  no  considerable  decline  is 
anticipated. 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4  50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50 ;  St.  Louis,  $4.00 ;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  44c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6j,  sheet  7,  bar  6fe;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:     £11  per  long  tOD. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $6.00;  St, 
Louis,  $5.00;  London,  £20  15s  per  ton; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6Jc:  100-lb  lots.  7c. 

In  the  United  States  for  the  year  1902 
the  total  output  of  lead  for  the  en- 
tire country  was  220,000  Bhort  tons, 
and  of  zinc  156,297  short  tons.  The 
lead  production  was  about  the  same 
as  in  1901,  but  there  was  an  Increase  of 
about  1(J%  in  zinc  production. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $25.82}@26  10; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  28o:  600  Bib.,  28$c; 
200  fts.,  29}c;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  ft  ft,  30c 
@32c.    London,  £115  2s  6d  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  ft  oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $46  00® 
47.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  7s  6d  ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $43@44  1ft  flask  of  76J 
fts  ;  Denver,  $49.50.  Export,  $42.50@43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.—  San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6jc;  extra, 
17Jc;  genuine,  35c;  EcllpBe,  37Jc. 

SOLDER.  —  Hall-and-half,  100-ft.  lotB, 
18  75c ;  San  Francisco,  PlumberB',  100-ft. 
lots,  15  50c. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pure,  ft  ft., 
50c  ;  dust,  ft  ft.,  10c;  sulphate,  ft  ft.,  .04c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@60c  ft  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@47c. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
7Jc;  Hallett's,  6|c;  San  Frsnclsco,  1000- 
lb.  lots,  83;  300  to  600  lbs.,  8Ji;  100-lb. 
lots.  lOJc. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $16  85 
@17.35;  gray  forge,  $15  35;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  ft  ft.,  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30  00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  ft. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT  QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $17  50@18  50 

Foundry  Northern  1 17.50@17.75 

Northern  2 ]7.00@17.25 

Northern  3 16  50@16.75 

Southern  1 16.35® 

Southern  2 15  85® 

Southern  3 15  35® 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 20  50@21.00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00@29  00 

Bars,  Iron 1  55® 

Bars,  steel 1  75®  1.80 

Ralls,  standard 28.00@30  00 

Rails,  light 3400@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1  90®  2.00 

Tank 1.75®  1  80 

Sheets,  26  store 2  90®  3  00 

No.  27 2  90®  3.00 

No.  28 3  00®  3  10 

Angles 1. 75® 

Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1. 75® 

Channels 1.75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 14.00@15.00 

Relaying  rails 26.00fd)28  00 

Dealers  forge 12.50@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 13.50@14  50 

Iron  rails 18.00@19.00 

Car  wheels 19.00@20.00 

Cast  borings 5.50®  6.50 

Turnings 10.50@11.50 


COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.60;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $13 ;  Cannel, 
$8  50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  (10.60  per  ton  In 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks ;  Sunnyside,  $8  60, 
long  ton. 

For  the  first  time  In  the  history  of 
the  United  States  the  annual  production 
of  coal  has  reached  a  total  of  over 
300,000,000  short  tons,  the  actual  showing 
being  300,930,659  short  tons,  valued  at 
$373,133,843. 

LUMBER.— (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher: 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.60 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakeB,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $15.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28  00 
@35.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.50;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  03. 70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  per  bbl. 

CEMENT —Imported,  $2  50@2.75  ft 
bbl  ;  California  carload  lots,  $2  2o  f.  o.  b. 
at  works;  small  lots,  $2  50  ft  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

POWDER.— F.  0.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nitro-glycerlne,  per  ft.,  In  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  174c.  No.  1», 
60%,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
16Jc.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13}c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  ?, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.60  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  6x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  In  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet) 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.66,  In  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s  , 
lie  ft  set;  14 oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23®24c  ft  ft.;  carloads, 
23@23Jc;  in  tins,  30c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  ft  100 
fts. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  3'33}c  ft 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3Jcft  ft;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40  ft  100  fts.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  notash,  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  roll  sulphur,  2J@2|c;  powdered 
sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur,  French, 
34@3£c;  alum,  $2.00@2.25  ;  California  re- 
fined, 1J®  2c;  sulphide  of  Iron,  8c  ft  ft  ; 
copper  sulphate,  5}®5|c;  chloride  of  Ume, 
spot,  $2  50@2.75:  sulphuric  acid,  in  car- 
boys, 66%  B,  l|@2c  ft  ft.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  ft  lb. 

OILS. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  49c;  cs., 
54c;  raw,  bbl.,  47c;  cs.,  52c;  Lucol  oil, 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cb,  47c.  Kerosene  —  Pearl,  per  gal.,  21c; 
Astral,  21c;  Star,  2lc;  Extra  Star,  25c; 
Eocene,  24c;  Elaine,  27c;  Water  White, 
In  bulk,  14£c;  Mineral  Seal,  Iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27}c;  63*  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  In  cs.,  19j  c;  Lard  OU,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  $1.00;  cs.,  $1.05;  Neats-foot  Oil, 
pure,  bbl.,  75c;  cs..  80c:  Sperm,  crude, 
60@60c;  Natural  White.  70c;  Bleached  do, 
75c;  Whale  Oil,  cs,  50@55c. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  I,  5@6c  per 
lb.   No.  1,  4@5c. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6}c;  less  than  500  fts.,  7c. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  In  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,   fi@7c   per  ft 
powdered,  8@10c  ;  fused,  20@25c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  ft  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  ft  ft.,  $1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnltrate,   per  ft.,  $1.75. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  ft  ft.,  90c. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  ft  ft., 
75c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  ft  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  ft  ft  ;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts  ,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  ft  ft.,  $3.60. 

(TheBe  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


Wliole  No.  2255. 


VULUHR   LXXXVII. 
Number  IS. 


SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL..  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  10.  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS   PER  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Oentf. 


Photography  in  ninlng. 

The  facility  with  which  excellent  photographs  may 
be  taken,  even  by  amateurs,  has  led  to  the  employ- 
ment of  the  art  in  illustrating  mine  descriptions, 
whether  for  popular  publication  or  technical  reports 
for  commercial  purposes.  Some  writers  possess  the 
faculty  of  description  to  such  an  extent  that  the 
reader  can  form  a  very  comprehensive  idea  of  the 
subject;  others  lack  this  "gift"  of  verbal  or  written 
description,  and  to  these  the  camera  and  kodak  are 
even  of  greater  service  than  to  the  former.  By  the 
use  of  the  camera  the  topography  of  the  country  can 
be  distinctly  shown,  and  in  the  case  of  new  enter- 
prises the  difficulties  or  advantages  of  transporta- 
tion and  construction  are  made  plain.  The  methods 
of  working  the  mine,  either  on  the  surface  or  under- 
ground, can  be  shown  in  a  manner  that  makes  verbal 
description  almost  superfluous.  On  this  page  is  a 
case  in  point.  Here  are  seen  three  illustrations  of  a 
mining  enterprise.  One  shows  the  general  features 
of  the  country,  the  topography  and  drainage  of  the 
section,  the  timber  and  relative  situation  of  the  min- 
ing property.  Another  shows  the  method  of  work- 
ing the  mine.  At  a  glance  it  is  seen  that  it  is  worked 
by  the  open-cut  system.  The  third  illustration  is  an 
interior  view  of  a  well  arranged  stamp  mill. 

By  use  of  the  camera  every  phase  of  mining  can  be 
illustrated,  even  to  securing  a  photograph  of  a  blast 


General  View  Big   Indian  Mine  and  60-Stamp  Mill,  Near 
Helena,   Mont. 


at  the  instant  of  the  explosion.  This  has  been  re- 
peatedly accomplished,  though  a  near  view  is  only 
obtained  at  considerable  personal  risk  to  the  pho- 
tographer, and  also  to  the  instrument.  The  camera 
is  particularly  useful  in  taking  photographs  of 
various  types  of  construction,  such  as  head  frames, 
automatic  dumping  contrivances,  motors,  cars  and 
other  vehicles,  and  also  in  showing  methods  of  tim- 
bering, shaft  construction,  caving  workings,  etc. 
The  most  difficult  picture  to  secure  satisfactorily  is  a 
rock  surface  where  it  is  desired  to  get  a  photograph 
that  will  show  the  various  physical  characteristics  as 
they  appeal  to  the  eye.  The  element  of  color  is 
almost  wholly  obliterated  in  a  photograph,  and  unless 
good  judgment  is  used  an  exposure  of  a  rock  face 
will  prove  disappointing  in  the  picture.  Diffused 
light  is  seldom  satisfactory  in  taking  rock  pictures. 
It  requires  direct  sun  or  flashlight,  at  an  oblique 
angle,  which  will  throw  small  shadows  and  thus  bring 
out  the  inequalities  of  the  rock  surface.  Out-of-door 
rock  pictures  should  be  taken  with  a  small  aperture 
and  sufficient  time  to  secure  detail.    Flashlight  pic- 


Battery  Floor  Big  Indian  60-Stamp  Mill,  Near  Helena,  Mont. 

tures  cannot  be  taken  in  this  manner,  of  course. 
Pictures  of  machinery  and  other  open  construction, 
such  as  head  frames,  should  be  taken  in  diffused 
light — a  cloudy  day  preferred — as  it  avoids  confusing 
shadows.  These  may  always  be  observed  in  photo- 
graphs of  the  character  described  which  have  been 
taken  in  bright,  direct  sunlight,  the  deep  shadows 
often  making  the  subject  indistinct  and  very  unsat- 
isfactory. 

THE  eighty-fifth  meeting  of  the  American  Insti- 
tute of  Mining  Engineers  will  be  held  in  New 
York  City  next  week,  beginning  on  the  13th  inst.,  in 
the  rooms  of  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical 
Engineers.  Among  other  features  of  the  programme 
the  members  will  visit  and  inspect  the  subway  now  in 
course  of  construction  in  New  York.  This  is  one  of 
the  most  extensive  engineering  feats  now  being  ac- 
complished in  the  United  States.  A  trip  up  the 
Hudson  river  to  West  Point  Military  Academy  will 
form  another  interesting  feature  of  the  meeting. 


Open  Cut,  Big  Indian  Mine,  Helena,  Mont.     (See  Page  236.) 


230 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10, 1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

ESTABLISHED      1860. 

Published  Every  Saturday  at  330  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Gal. 
TELEPHONE,     DAVIS     771. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Mexico  and  Canada $3  00 

All  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 6  00 

Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postojfi.ee  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  offices: 
New  York  City,  720  Park  Row  Bldg.  Boston,  27  School  St. 

Chicago.  1115  Monadnock  Block.  Denver,  606  Mack  Block. 

J.  F.  HALLOBAN Publisher 


San  Francisco,  October  J0t  X  903. 


TABLE    OF   CONTENTS. 

illustrations:                                                                  Pwe- 
Battery  Floor  Big  Indian  60-Stamp  Mill  Near  Helena,  Mont.  .229 
General  View  Big  Indian  Mine  and  60-Stamp,  Mill  Near  Hel- 
ena Mont 229 

Open  Cut  Big  Indian  Mine,  Helena,  Mont 229 

General  Plan  Showing  Location  of  Homestake  Cyanide  Plant 

and  Other  Buildings,  Lead  City,  S.  D 232 

Plan  and  Section  of  Homestake  Cyanide  Works,  Lead,  S.  D       232 

Drifting  With  Breast  Boards 234 

Cross  Section  of  Big  Indian  Mill 236 

Plan  of  60-Stamp  Mill 237 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 239 

editorial: 

Photography  in  Mining 229 

Eighty-fifth  Meeting  of  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers.  229 

The  Production  of  Pig  Iron 230 

The  Labor  Prob  em 230 

The  Bell  Signal  Code 230 

The  Basis  of  Mine  Investigations 230 

California  in  1902 230 

Cheap  Mining  in  Montana 230 

An  Object  Lesson 230 

MINING   SUMMARY 240-241-242-243-244 

latest  market  reports ...245 

miscellaneous: 
Concentrates 231 

The  Metallurgy  of  the  Homestake  Ore 232 

No  Place  in  the  Field  of  Metallurgy 232 

Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins 233 

Drift  Timbering 233 

Electrolytic  Refining  of  Copper 234 

Testing  Methods  in  tne  Physical   Examination  of  Portland 

Cements. 235 

Cyanide  Poisoning— Its  Cure  and  Prevention  236 

Practical  Results  of  Irrigation 236 

Production  of  Monazite  in  1902 236 

Big  Indian  Mine 236 

Water  Power  in  South  Africa  — 237 

The  Ventilation  of  Deep  Levels 238 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 239 

Personal 244 

Catalogues  Received 245 

Commercial  Paragraphs 245 

Books  Received 245 

Obituary 245 

New  Patents 245 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 345 


THE  production  of  pig  iron  has  increased  so  enor- 
mously of  late  that  overproduction  is  the  re- 
sult, and  the  large  iron  furnace  managers  of  the 
East  and  South,  with  headquarters  at  Pittsburg, 
Pa. ,  and  Birmingham,  Ala. ,  respectively,  have 
agreed  to  restrict  the  output  by  25%  to  bring  the 
amount  of  iron  manufactured  within  the  require- 
ments of  the  trade. 


THE  labor  problem  is  still  a  matter  for  serious 
consideration  on  the  Witwatersrand,  South 
Africa.  Some  of  the  mine  managers  and  some  of  the 
merchandising  interests  favor  the  importation  of 
Asiatic  laborers,  but  this  policy  is  stoutly  opposed 
by  others.  At  a  recent  meeting  of  prominent  citi- 
zens representing  several  interests  on  the  Rand  a 
resolution  was  passed  pledging  those  present  to  sup- 
port the  Labor  Importation  Association  in  its  en- 
deavor to  secure  the  admission  of  unskilled  Asiatic 
labor,  subject  to  certain  legislative  restrictions. 


The  Bell  Signal  Code. 

All  miners  realize  the  necessity  of  a  uniform,  com- 
prehensive and  common-sense  code  of  bell  signals  in 
underground  mines.  On  these  signals  their  lives 
daily  depend  and  a  mistake  is  often  attended  with 
fatal  consequences.  There  is  at  present  no  uniform- 
ity in  the  bell  signals  now  in  use  throughout  the 
United  States,  though  there  are  two  in  most  com- 
mon use.  One  is  that  which  has  been  legalized  by 
legislative  enactment  in  some  of  the  States  and  the 
other  is  that  suggested  by  the  Western  Federation 
of  Miners.  The  latter  has  been  given  widespread 
publication,  and  there  has  been  an  effort  made  to 
have  it  universally  adopted,  but  this  code  is  deficient 
and  one  likely  to  result  in  the  injury  or  death  of  men 
who  work  under  it.  It  is  unfortunate  that  some 
journals  have  published  the  code  of  the  Western 
Federation  of  Miners  with  the  editorial  statement 


that  "  it  has  been  universally  adopted  by  all  mines  in 
the  United  States  west  of  the  Missouri  river,"  for 
such  is  not  the  case.  If  the  code  of  the  Federation 
were  revised  in  such  manner  as  to  make  it  free  from 
objection,  by  reason  of  its  present  shortcomings, 
there  would  be  no  objection  to  its  universal  adoption. 
It  is  a  subject  of  too  great  importance  to  be  lightly 
disposed  of. 

The  Basis  of  nine  Investigation. 

A  circular  has  been  issued  by  the  chief  of  mines 
and  metallurgy  of  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposi- 
tion, to  be  held  next  year  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  urging 
each  State  commission  into  whose  hands  the  collec- 
tion of  a  representative  mineral  exhibit  has  been 
given,  to  make  as  complete  and  as  representative  an 
exhibit  as  possible.  The  circular  says:  "What  the 
engineer  desires  to  see — and  it  is  on  his  information 
that  the  capitalist  makes  investments — is  an  exhibit 
which  will  illustrate  not  only  the  average  richness  of 
the  deposit,  but  which  will  show  the  country  rock 
contiguous  to  such  deposits."  It  is  true  all  mining 
engineers  are  interested  in  the  kind  and  condition  of 
the  wall  rocks  of  mineral  veins  and  deposits,  and  all 
agree  that  these  have  a  bearing  on  the  economic 
working,  if  not  the  value  of  the  deposits,  but  the  cir- 
cular goes  further  and  says:  "The  country  rock  is 
the  basis  upon  which  the  mining  engineer  makes  his 
investigations,"  etc.  That  any  experienced  mining 
engineer  places  such  importance  upon  the  wall  rocks 
of  an  ore  deposit  is  extremely  doubtful,  and  that  he 
makes  it  "  the  basis  of  his  investigation"  is  a  flight 
of  imagination.  There  are  things  of  far  greater  im- 
portance than  the  wall  rocks  of  a  mine  which  is 
under  investigation.  The  extent  and  value  of  the 
ore  bodies  are  the  real  basis  of  mine  examination, 
and  the  cost  of  extracting  the  ore  and  reducing  it  to 
a  merchantable  product  are  of  equally  great  import- 
ance. The  cost  of  extraction  of  the  ore  is  influenced 
to  a  greater  or  less  extent  by  the  character  of  the 
wall  rocks,  but  even  an  approximate  idea  of  what 
particular  influence  the  walls  may  have  upon  the 
economy  of  the  proposition  cannot  be  gained  from  an 
inspection  of  hand  specimens  of  the  wall  rock. 

It  is  important,  however,  that  every  mining  State 
make  as  characteristic  and  complete  an  exhibit  as 
possible  at  the  St.  Louis  Exposition,  for  the  more 
comprehensive  and  representative  such  exhibits  are 
the  greater  the  effect  it  will  have  in  directing  capital 
to  the  various  districts  represented.  The  mineral 
exhibit  is  no  less  a  competitive  display  than  that  of 
the  various  arts  and  manufactures.  Such  an  oppor- 
tunity as  this  will  be  to  display  the  mineral  wealth 
of  the  United  States  only  occurs  occasionally,  and 
it  should  not  be  lost  sight  of  nor  neglected.  It 
is  a  duty  each  district  owes  to  itself  to  see  that  it  is 
represented  in  the  best  possible  way  by  ores  and 
minerals,  and  wall  rocks  as  well,  with  such  descrip- 
tion as  is  necessary  to  render  the  exhibit  intelligible 
to  those  who  examine  it  in  search  of  information. 


California  in   1902 


The  annual  report  of  L.  E.  Aubury,  State  Miner- 
alogist of  California,  has  ]ust  been  issued  and  appears 
on  page  240.  The  report  shows  that  the  total  out- 
put is  in  excess  of  that  of  any  previous  year,  but  it 
also  shows  a  falling  off  in  some  of  the  metallic  prod- 
ucts, notably  of  gold  and  copper.  This  shrinkage  is 
due  mostly  to  labor  troubles  in  various  parts  of  that 
State,  but  has  been  offset  in  a  measure  by  the  pro- 
duction of  new  enterprises,  which  have  helped  to 
swell  the  total.  The  output  the  present  year  will 
undoubtedly  feel  the  depressing  effect  of  strikes,  but 
still  other  new  enterprises  will  add  their  quota  and 
tend  to  keep  up  the  average  to  a  point  near  that  of 
former  years.  The  gold  yield  in  1902  was  $16,910,320 
and  in  1901  it  was  $16,989,044,  showing  a  small  de- 
crease for  1902.  On  the  whole,  the  report  shows 
what  may  be  considered  under  existing  circumstances 
to  be  a  satisfactory  condition  of  the  mineral  industry 
in  California,  particularly  as  there  are  several  new 
mineral  industries  which  are  becoming  of  greater 
importance  annually.  Among  these  is  noticed  the 
production  of  gem  tourmalines  and  of  mica,  the  latter 
being  included,  for  the  first  time,  in  the  mineral  out- 
put of  that  State.  The  manufacture  of  Portland 
cement  is  also  increasing  largely,  as  will  be  shown 
when  the  statistics  for  1903  have  been  compiled  and 
published. 


Cheap  Mining  in  Montana. 

Elsewhere  herein  will  be  found  an  interesting  de- 
scription oi  a  Montana  gold  mine  and  mill,  the  prop- 
erty of  the  Big  Indian  Co.,  near  Helena,  which  will 
attract  the  attention  and  interest  of  all  mining  men 
who  see  it.  The  sketches  and  illustrations  show 
clearly  the  method  of  mining  by  the  open-cut  and 
mill-hole  system,  and  is  an  instance  of  mining  and 
milling  at  low  cost  under  the  direction  of  a  competent 
manager.  The  article  is  thoroughly  practical,  direct 
and  complete. 

Without  going  into  the  minutias  of  operations 
as  conducted  at  this  mine,  the  manager  makes 
the  entire  proposition,  with  its  methods,  re- 
sults and  costs,  so  concise  and  comprehensive,  that 
every  miner  can  understand  and  appreciate  the  fact 
that  good  work  is  being  done.  While  at  first  sight 
one  is  inclined  to  think  that  if  the  shoveling  on  the 
bench  above  the  mill  hole  in  the  cut  could  be  obviated 
by  breaking  the  ore  down  directly  into  the  mill  hole, 
it  would  reduce  the  cost  of  mining,  still,  experience 
in  this  instance  has  evidently  proven  that  it  is  inex- 
pedient or  inadvisable  to  make  raises  and  build  new 
chutes  except  at  stated  intervals,  which  would  prob- 
ably be  determined  by  a  distance  which  would  bring 
the  apex  of  the  two  adjoining  slope  angles  to  the 
surface,  the  intermediate  block  of  ground  being  mined 
subsequently. 

It  is  descriptive  papers  of  the  character  of  that 
here  referred  to  of  which  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  makes  a  particular  feature.  Papers  of  a  gen- 
eral nature  are  always  interesting  to  some,  but 
those  of  a  technical  and  practical  kind  are  valued  by 
every  mining  man  to  whose  notice  they  may  come. 
These  columns  are  always  open  to  those  who  will 
contribute  something  of  their  knowledge  and  ex- 
perience. It  is  not  so  much  abstruse  theories  that 
the  miner  and  metallurgist  demands  as  descriptions 
of  practical  operation  of  mine,  mill  and  smelter. 
True,  no  paper  descriptive  of  smelting,  or  some  por- 
tions of  the  various  wet  processes  of  ore  treatment, 
would  be  complete  without  going  into  the  chemical 
reactions  which  take  place,  and  these  are  essentially 
scientific  and  technical,  but  they  are  also  thoroughly 
practical. 

Such  subjects  as  "the  origin  of  gold  "  and  "the 
depth  within  the  earth  at  which  rocks  are  molten 
and  plastic"  have  a  certain  interest,  but  they 
are  beyond  the  comprehension  of  most  men  who  are 
actively  engaged  in  useful  pursuits.  Subjects  of  this 
character  are  purely  theoretical,  and  absolute 
knowledge  regarding  them  is  not  within  the  present 
range  of  human  possibility  to  obtain. 

The  geological  description  of  a  mine  or  mining  dis- 
trict, the  practical  operation  of  a  mine,  with  its 
mechanical  features,  methods  of  ore  treatment,  the 
result  and  its  cost,  new  schemes  in  s toping,  new  de- 
signs in  head  frame  and  mill  construction,  experiences 
in  foreign  lands,  drainage  and  ventilation  of  mines — 
these  are  a  few  of  the  subjects  which  all  mining  men 
find  interesting  and  consider  important,  and  to  such 
as  these  the  columns  of  the  Mining  and  Scientific 
Press  are  always  open. 


An  Object  Lesson. 

Several  years  ago  a  large  dump  of  tailings  at  a 
gold  mine  in  El  Dorado  county,  California,  was  sam- 
pled, and  considered  sufficiently  valuable  to  treat  by 
the  cyanide  process.  A  plant  was  erected,  and  the 
dump  was  worked  by  that  method.  The  result  of 
the  treatment  was  said  to  be  satisfactory.  The 
plant  was  removed  and  the  incident  passed  out  of 
the  minds  of  those  who  were  conversant  with 
the  circumstances.  It  is  now  stated  that 
these  tailings  still  contain  sufficient  value  to 
make  them  susceptible  of  retreatment  by  the  same 
process  at  an  additional  profit,  and  a  plant  is  to  be 
again  built  for  this  purpose.  This  is  interesting  as 
representing  one  of  two  conditions,  or  possibly  both. 
The  ore  was  originally  crushed  in  a  stamp  mill  and 
amalgamated.  The  treatment  of  the  tailings  several 
years  later  by  the  cyanide  process  either  left  values 
in  the  sands  that  it  was  not  profitable  to  extract  at 
that  time,  or  the  cyanide  process  was  not  applied 
with  as  perfect  a  knowledge  of  its  various  phases  as 
that  possessed  at  the  present  time.  It  amply  illus- 
trates the  constant  onward  march  of  mining  and  sci- 
entific progress. 


October  10,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


231 


Tub  samples  from  La  Grange,  Stanislaus  county,  Cal., 
are  talc  schist  Impregnated  with  Iron  and  copper  pyrlte. 
* 

"COSTEANING"  is  a  Cornish  term,  meaning  the  pros- 
pecting of  a   mine  by  sinking  pits  through  alluvium  to 

bed rook. 

■* 

IN  roastiog  an  argentiferous  zinc  blende  there  Is  always 

a  lose  of  the  silver  by  volatilization.    This  loss  is  often  In 

excess  of  10%. 

* 

Compressed  air  is  preferred  to  steam  in  driving 

rock    drills.      Steam    is     often    employed     in     quarry 

work,  or  In  a  place  where  only  temporary   use   Is   to   be 

made  of  the  drills. 

* 

Minerals  may  be  determined  by  the  use  of  the  blow- 
pipe, but  a   knowledge  of  the  fundamental  principles  of 
chemistry  Is  necessary  to  successfully  make  use   of  the 
blow  pipe  In  determinative  mineralogy. 
* 

Eight-pound  rails  are  too  light  for  mine  cars  car- 
rying 1800  pounds  or  over,  though  in  a  double  track  tun- 
nel rails  of  this  weight  may  be  sufficiently  heavy  for 
empty  cars.  Twelve-pound  rails  are  heavy  enough  for 
most  mine  traffic  where  men  do  the  tramming  or  the 
cars  do  not  hold  more  than  one  ton  each. 
* 

Covellite  is  a  copper  sulphide,  CuS.  It  commonly 
occurs  massive  or  in  spherical  forms,  rarely  in  crystals. 
It  has  an  indigo  blue  color,  and  is  sometimes  mistaken 
for  blue  carbonates  of  copper.  At  the  Rambler  mine  in 
Albany  Co.,  Wyo.,  with  it  is  associated  sperrylite,  a  dlar- 
senlde  of  platinum.  It  Is  cited  as  an  unusual  occurrence. 
* 

THE  cost  of  transporting  ore  by  narrow-gauge  railroad 
depends  upon  the  grade,  capacity  of  motors,  distance  to 
be  traveled,  quantity  of  ore  handled,  management,  and 
other  things.  The  cost  of  a  7-mlle  haul  In  southern 
California  was  stated  to  be  12  cents  par  ton,  coal  being 
used  as  fuel.  With  oil  it  would  probably  ba  less.  Three 
hundred  tons  were  hauled  daily. 
* 

Basalt  is  a  rock  of  ultra-basic  type,  containing,  ac- 
cording to  classification,  but  40%  to  57%  silica.  The 
quartz-bearing  basalt  is  an  unusual  variety  which  Is  rare. 
It  is  found  at  Cinder  Cone  In  Lassen  county,  Cal ,  10 
miles  east  of  Lassen  peak.  Here  the  rock  1b  a  fine- 
grained black  basalt,  through  which  occurs  abundantly 
small  white  crystals  of  quartz.     It  contains,  according  to 

Dldler,  57  25%  silica. 

* 

IN  the  Joplin,  Mo.,  district  mining  is  carried  on  from 

the  surface   to  a  depth  of   about  250  feet,  though  bore 

holes  sunk  to  a  greater  depth  have  encountered  rich  ore. 

Much  prospecting  is  done  by  means  of  the  "churn  drill." 

The  cost  of  drilling  by  this  method  on  small  contracts  is 

stated  to  be  $1.25  per  foot.      Shaft  sinking  is  done  at  a 

low  cost  as  compared  with  other  mining  districts.    It  is 

stated  that  a  shaft  6x7  feet  was  sunk  under  contract  80 

feet  for  $160.     The  shaft  was  in  soft  ground. 

No  BATTERY  blocks  are  made  for  heavy  quartz 
mills  that  are  intended  for  permanent  use  by  laying 
timbers  horizontally.  The  best  practice  Is  to  place  them 
on  end.  Either  large  single  blocks  or  two  blocks  of 
proper  size  are  UBed.  A  battery  block  may  also  be  built 
up  from  2-inch  planks,  spiked  together,  and  some  mill 
men  believe  this  to  be  superior  to  Bolld  blocks,  as  the 
built  up  block  permits  repairs  to  be  made,  and  mortars 
to  be  replaced  without  removing  the  block. 

* 
The  distinction  between  granite  and  Byenite  is  in  the 
occurrence  of  hornblende  In  excess  of  mica  In  the  syenite. 
In  each  rock  the  predominant  feldspar  is  alkaline  (ortho- 
clase),  though  plagloclase  soda-lime  feldspar  may  also  be 
present.  The  syenite  of  Werner  1b  simply  orthoclase 
and  hornblende.  Granite,  syenite  and  diorlte  paBS  by 
transition  from  one  to  the  other,  grano-dlorlte  repre- 
senting an  intermediate  stage  in  which  the  essential  con- 
stituents of  both  granite  and  diorite  are  found. 

* 
The  mean  tractive  force  of  a  locomotive  engine  in 
pounds  is  ascertained  by  dividing  the  square  of  the  di- 
ameter of  one  piston  in  inches,  times  a  single  length  of 
stroke  In  feet,  times  the  average  steam  pressure  in  the 
cylinders  In  pounds  per  square  inch,  by  the  diameter  of 
the  driving  wheel  in  inches.  Prom  the  tractive  force 
muBt  be  deducted  20%  to  30%  for  internal  friction.  The 
effective  tractive  force  cannot  be  greater  than  the  adhe- 
sion of  the  driving  wheels,  or  about  25%  of  the  weight 

on  the  drlverB. 

tit 
Railroad  tunnels  are  so  much  larger  than  mine 
tunnels  that  the  method  of  excavation  is  somewhat  dif- 
ferent. In  railroad  tunnels  a  heading  (which  is  an  exca- 
vation about  the  Blze  of  the  average  mine  tunnel,  which 
Is  afterward  enlarged)  Is  usually  driven  ahead  of  the 
main  work.  Such  headings  usually  cost  about  twice  as 
much  per  cubic  yard  removed  as  the  balance  of  the  tun- 
nel. Large  railroad  tunnels  in  hard  rock  are  usually 
driven  in  benches,  and  in  mine  tunnels  the  entire  face  is 

carried  at  once. 

* 

The  cost  of  powder  per  ton  of  ore  broken  in  mining 


varies  greatly,  like  almost  every  other  factor  in  mining 
costs.  In  some  mines  the  cost  is  about  3  cents  per  ton, 
in  others  still  less.  In  still  others,  where  rock  is  hard 
and  has  a  tendency  to  "break  big,"  a  much  larger 
amount  Is  used  In  order  that  the  rock  may  be  shattered, 
thus  dispensing  with  the  cost  of  breaking  the  large 
masses  by  "  bulldozing  "  and  by  the  use  of  rock  ham- 
mers. In  such  cases  the  cost  of  powder  may  reach  15 
cents  per  ton  of  ore  broken. 
* 
The  method  of  estimating  the  horse  power  of  a  boiler, 
as  adopted  by  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engi- 
neers, la  based  on  the  evaporation  of  thirty  pounds  of 
water  per  hour  from  a  temperature  of  100°  F.,  as  It 
comes  from  the  feed  water  heater,  Into  steam  at  70 
pounds  gauge  pressure,  which  Is  considered  equivalent 
to  34  5  pounds  of  water  evaporated  from  a  feed  water 
temperature  of  212°  P.  into  steam  having  the  same  tem- 
perature. So,  if  a  boiler  evaporates  1800  pounds  of  water 
at  100°  P.  Into  steam  at  70  pounds  pressure,  the  boiler  Is 
rated  at  60  H.  P. 

* 

In  a  case  where  veins  cro6S,  each  owned  by  separate 
locators,  the  senior  locator  takes  not  only  the  vein  upon 
which  he  haB  made  his  location,  but  also  all  other  lodes 
or  veins  found  within  his  surface  boundaries,  including 
the  crosB  lode  subsequently  located  by  another.  A  jun- 
ior cross-lode  locator  has  no  right  to  any  ore  found  upon 
the  cross  vein  within  the  boundaries  of  a  senior  claim. 
The  owner  of  a  junior  tunnel  site  cannot  by  means  of  a 
crosscut  tunnel  penetrate  within  the  bounding  planes  of  a 
Benior  location  for  any  purpOBe.  Where  two  lodes  cross 
in  dip,  the  ore  in  the  intersection  of  the  veins  belongs  to 
the  senior  locator,  and  the  junior  has  right  of  way 
through  the  vein  to  the  continuation  of  his  own  vein 
beyond. 

* 

The  structure  of  minerals  is  an  important  factor  In 
their  determination.  The  various  types  of  structure  are 
the  columnar,  granular  and  lamellar.  The  columnar  is 
divided  into  Beveral  varieties — fibrous,  as  In  crysotlle  ; 
reticulated,  when  the  crystals  or  fibers  cross  In  various 
directions ;  stellated,  when  the  fibers  are  arranged  in 
star-like  forms,  radiating  from  a  center,  as  in  some  vari- 
eties of  pyrophyllte,  an  aluminous  silicate  resembling 
talc ;  radiated,  when  the  fibers  radiate  from  a  center, 
but  without  producing  star-like  shapes,  as  is  often  Been 
in  Btlbnite.  The  granular  structure  may  be  from 
microscopically  fine  to  coarse.  The  lamellar  structure 
Is  found  in  such  minerals  as  mica,  selenlte,  etc.  The 
leaves  or  plates  may  be  flat  or  curved. 
* 

Skips  are  generally  replacing  cages  In  shafts,  both 
vertical  and  inclined.  A  skip  can  run  on  any  angle  of 
Inclination.  Where  the  angle  of  dip  of  the  shaft  1b  lesB 
than  80°  it  is  advisable  to  have  the  skip  built  with  wheels, 
and  the  shaft  to  be  also  supplied  with  guides  to  prevent 
the  skip  overturning  in  the  Bhaft.  Where  the  angle  of 
inclination  is  less  than  70°  no  guides  are  necessary ,  though 
it  Is  advisable  to  put  in  a  guide  rail  if  very  rapid  running 
is  to  be  done,  as  a  slight  inequality  In  the  surface  of  the 
rails  has  a  tendency  to  derail  the  skip  when  moving  rap- 
Idly.  Water  skips  are  built  having  a  capacity  of  1500  to 
2000  gallons.  Skips  can  be  arranged  to  dump  automati- 
cally, and  when  properly  adjusted  rock  may  be  loaded 
and  dumped  by  the  use  of  Bklps  much  more  rapidly  than 

in  any  other  manner. 

* 

In  the  desilverizatlon  of  lead,  zinc  is  employed,  the 
latter  uniting  with  the  silver  or  gold,  if  any  be  present, 
and  from  these  the  zinc  can  be  readily  removed.  The 
ultimate  atom  of  Bilver  maybe  removed  from  lead  in  thU 
manner,  but  In  metallurgical  practice  about  0.1  ounce 
per  ton  of  silver  still  remains  In  lead  bars  recovered 
from  mines  containing  silver  with  the  lead.  The  zinc 
also  combines  with  any  copper  or  tellurium  present  In 
the  lead.  Lead  is  refined  by  the  ubo  of  zinc,  by  what  is 
known  as  the  Parkes  process,  in  which  zinc  in  the  form 
of  slabs  is  stirred  into  the  molten  gold  and  silver-bearing 
lead,  In  a  large  Iron  vessel.  The  zinc  combines  with  the 
gold  and  silver,  forming  a  mushy  alloy  which  is  removed 
by  skimming,  the  lead  being  treated  in  this  manner  sev- 
eral times.  The  quantity  of  zinc  required  varies  with 
the  amount  of  silver  present  in  the  lead. 
* 

There  are  cases  where  it  is  not  advisable  to  attempt 
to  hold  a  group  of  claims  by  doing  assessment  work  on 
one  of  them,  ostensibly  for  the  benefit  of  all.  One  in- 
stance where  it  would  be  unwise  to  assume  the  risk 
which  this  might  Involve  Is  where  an  Individual  or  com- 
pany secures  from  a  number  of  independent  owners  a 
group  of  claims,  under  bond,  and  proceeds  with  the  de- 
velopment by  confining  the  work  to  a  single  claim.  This 
is  the  more  likely  to  lead  to  complications  If  these  sev- 
eral claims  are  on  several  separate  veins.  If,  however,  the 
bond  is  taken  up,  and  the  properties  come  under  a  single 
ownership  of  either  an  individual  or  company,  the  new 
owner  may  confine  assessment  to  one  claim  without 
danger  of  having  the  other  claims  "jumped,"  If  the 
work  so  done  can  be  shown  to  be  for  the  benefit  of  all 
the  claims  of  the  group,  which  claims  must  be  contiguous. 
* 

Brass  is  an  alloy  of  zinc  and  copper.  The  relative 
proportion  of  the  metals  varies  greatly  with  the  use  to 
which  the  alloy  is  to  be  put.  An  alloy  containing  80% 
copper  has  a  reddish-yellow  color;  and  with  less  than 
48%  copper  It  is  gray  to  white.  In  Intermediate 
stages  the  alloys  are  various  shades  of  golden  yellow. 
The  hardness  of  these  alloyB  is  greater  and  the  melting 
point  lower  than  those  generally  calculated  as  the  mean 


of  the  two  metals.  The  ductility  of  zinc-copper  alloys 
increases  with  the  percentage  of  copper.  There  is  but 
one  definite  alloy  of  zinc  and  copper,  containing  about 
33%  copper  and  67%  zinc,  which  corresponds  to  the  for- 
mula CuZn,.  All  other  alloys  of  zinc  and  copper  are 
stated  to  be  solutions  of  this  definite  alloy,  in  an  excess 
of  one  of  Its  constituents.  Muntz  metal  contains  40% 
zinc  and  60%  copper.  It  Is  occasionally  employed  for 
mill  plates  and  are  said  to  be  satisfactory  amalgamators. 
* 
An  overshot  water  wheel  should  be  so  placed  that  the 
buckets  will  not  be  Immersed  to  a  depth  of  more  than  1 
foot  in  the  tall  race.  The  water  should  enter  the  buck- 
ets at  a  point  16  to  27  inches  lower  than  the  head  water 
level.  The  velocity  of  the  water  at  the  point  of  Impact 
with  the  wheel  Is  from  9  to  12  feet.  The  water  must 
have  a  greater  velocity  than  the  periphery  of  the  wheel. 
If  the  velocity  of  the  wheel  be  too  great  the  water  will 
be  dashed  out  of  the  buckets  quickly.  The  depth  of  the 
buckets  1b  usually  about  10  to  16  Inches,  depending  on  the 
size  of  the  wheel.  The  diameter  of  an  overshot  wheel 
may  equal  the  available  height  of  fall  of  water  less  about 
2i  feet.  The  number  of  buckets  which  may  be  put  on  a 
wheel  1b  determined  by  the  diameter  of  the  wheel  and 
the  distance  between  the  buckets.  To  lessen  as  far  as 
possible  the  loss  from  spilling,  the  buckets  must  have  the 
proper  form,  and  the  water  supply  should  be  restricted 
to  the  extent  that  the  buckets  be  not  over  one-quarter 
to  one-third  full.    Overshot  wheels  have  an  efficiency  of 

about  75%. 

* 

In  many  mines  the  first  step  in  concentrating  the 
ore  is  the  sorting  of  the  ore  in  the  underground 
workings.  This  Is  easy  where  there  is  a  marked 
physical  difference  between  the  ore  and  the  waste, 
but  in  many  mines  this  difference  is  not  always  ap- 
parent, as  the  ore  and  waste  may  bear  such  a  re- 
semblance to  each  other  that  hand  sorting  is  Im- 
practicable, at  least  underground.  In  other  mines  the 
difference  in  appearance  between  ore  and  waste  is  so  dif- 
ficult to  determine  that  sampling  of  the  face  is  the  only 
reliable  guide.  In  some  portions  of  the  gold  mines  at 
Hedges,  San  Diego  county,  Cal.,  the  miners  who  are 
acquainted  with  the  mine  can  distinguish  between  pay 
rock  and  waste  by  simply  passing  the  fingers  over  the 
face  of  rock  in  the  workings,  and  yet  the  difference  to 
the  eye  is  scarcely  noticeable.  The  difference  is  wholly 
physical  and  lies  in  the  fact  that  the  gold-bearing  rock 
Is  more  siliceous  than  that  which  Is  barren,  the  latter 
containing  Innumerable  grains  of  decomposed  lime  feld- 
spar, which  disintegrates  under  the  touch,  while  the 
more  siliceous  rock  remains  firm.  Of  course  this  Ib  no 
Index  of  value,  but  the  harsh  feeling  rock  seldom  con- 
tains more  than  a  trace  of  gold. 

The  Washoe  procesB  is  the  name  given  to  the  amalga- 
mation of  gold  silver  ores,  as  practiced  on  the  Comstock 
lode,  Nevada.  It  consisted  essentially  in  crushing  the  ore 
in  the  stamp  mills  and  grinding  it  in  pans  with  mercury 
in  the  presence  of  salt  and  bluestone,  together  with 
water  and  steam.  The  bluestone  dissolves,  freeing  sul- 
phuric acid  which  assists  in  decomposing  the  sulphldeB 
and  at  the  same  time,  uniting  with  the  Bodium  chloride, 
frees  chlorine,  which  unites  with  the  silver  to  form  sil- 
ver chloride.  The  gold  and  silver  are  then  amalga- 
mated by  the  mercury  and  drawn  off  into  a  well  by  means 
of  a  so-called  "syphon."  The  pulp  after  several  hours' 
grinding  and  subsequent  amalgamation  is  discharged 
Into  a  settler  where  it  was  thinned  by  the  Introduction 
of  additional  water  and  a  further  amount  of  amalgam 
recovered.  Ab  flouring  of  the  mercury  Is  not  of  Infre- 
quent occurrence,  a  third  pan,  called  the  agitator,  was 
usually  provided  to  catch  the  amalgam  and  mercury 
escaping  from  the  settler.  The  proceBS  is  more  particu- 
larly adapted  to  silver  ores  containing  Bulphides.  Chlo- 
ride silver  ores  are  treated  by  this  process  or  by 
hyposulphite  of  soda.  Frequently  ores  treated  by  the 
Washoe  process  require  previous  roasting.  There  are 
many  modifications  of  the  process. 
* 

The  lack  of  uniformity  In  the  names  and  numbers  of 
mill  Bcreens  makes  comparisons  difficult.  A  screen  may 
be  called  a  30-mesh,  meaning  thirty  holes  to  the  linear 
Inch  or  ninety  to  the  square  inch.  Two  Bcreens  may  be 
made  having  this  number  of  apertures  per  Bquare  inch, 
but  if  made  of  different  gauge  wires  these  holes  will  not 
have  the  same  superficial  area,  and  consequently  a  dif- 
ferent capacity  for  discharging  pulp  through  them.  In 
the  selection  of  a  mill  screen  it  should  ba  the  aim  not 
only  to  get  a  screen  which  will  wear  well  but  one  suited 
to  the  ore.  The  ore  should  be  crushed  no  finer  than 
necessary  to  free  the  greatest  value  at  least  expense. 
The  economy  of  saving  may  easily  be  carried  too 
far  for  economical  results.  When  known  to  what  de- 
gree of  fineness  the  ore  should  be  crushed  it  is  not  good 
mill  practice  to  employ  a  screen  which,  though  it  en- 
dures well,  will  wear  by  the  attrition  of  the  rock  until 
the  holes  become  enlarged  to  such  an  extent  as  to 
pasB  particles  of  ore  twice  the  size  of  those  which  pass 
it  when  the  screen  is  new.  If  fine  crushing  is  necessary 
to  free  the  values  it  will  generally  be  found  that  tailings 
will  run  higher  through  an  old  battery  screen 
than  through  a  new  one.  The  life  of  a  screen  depends 
upon  the  kind  of  screen;  amount  of  water  used  in 
the  battery;  height  of  discharge,  and,  largely,  upon 
the  character  of  ore  as  to  hardness.  A  flinty  ore 
will  discharge  more  rapidly  through  a  slotted  screen 
than  through  a  woven  one,  and  a  granular  ore  is  beBt 
treated  with  a  wire  cloth  or  round  punched  screen. 


232 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10,  1903. 


The 


Metallurgy    of    the 
stake  Ore.* 


Home- 


NUMBER  II. 


Written  by  C.  W.  MERRILL,  B.  S. 

Classification. — We  have  now  a  pulp  containing 
eight  or  ten  parts  of  water  to  one  of  ore,  and  much 
of  the  latter  is  so  infinitesimally  fine  as  to  cause  a  vis- 
itor, who  had  watched  an  attempt  to  filter  the  slimes 
on  a  large  scale,  to  say  that,  for  an  exemplification 
of  the  size  of  a  molecule,  he  would  advise  the  study  of 
Homestake  slimes. 

The  tailings  as  they  leave  the  mill  are  sized  with 
the  following  result:  Coarse  (remaining  on  100-mesh), 
22%;  middles  (between  100-mesh  and  200-mesh),  18%; 
fines  (passing  a  200-mesh  screen),  60%.  That  is,  60% 
of  the  particles  issuing  from  the  mortar  have  less 
than  0.00001  square  inch  of  cross-section. 

When  the  erection  of  the  cyanide  plant  had  been 
determined  upon,  the  question  of  a  tailings  wheel  to 
elevate  the  pulp  and  permit  the  location  of  the  plant 
nearer  the  mills  being  under  discussion,  it  was  cal- 
culated that  to  elevate  the  tailings  at  a  cost  of  about 
2  cents  per  ton  would  cost  the  company,  approxi- 
mately, $140,000,  on  the  proportion  of  the  material 
then  blocked  out  in  the  mine  which  would  be  available 
for  leaching.  In  other  words,  for  every  cent  per  ton 
which  could  be  saved  in  the  secondary  treatment  of 
the  leachable  material,  the  company  would  profit 
ultimately  to  the  extent  of  at  least  $70,000.  Con- 
sequently the  plant  was  located,  as  shown  in  Pig.  1, 


ance  of  the  most  perfect  classification  possible  will 
be  recognized  shortly  as  a  vital  consideration  in  the 
cyaniding  of  wet,  crushed  ore;  and  metallurgists  will 
not  follow  the  old  German  practice  of  spitzkasten 
and  spitzlutten,  which  are  very  imperfect  machines 
as  compared  with  a  cone  classifier  or  sizer  for  sepa- 
rating granular  from  flocculent  material.  The 
writer's  judgment  is  that  a  scientific  classification 
system,  by  which  all  the  granular  or  angular  ma- 
terial may  go  to  the  leaching  vats,  and  all  the  amor- 
phous portion  to  the  slime  plant,  will  in  the  future 
be  a  feature  in  designing  a  plant  on  which  the  great- 
est care  and  experimentation  will  be  put  and  the 
highest  grade  of  technical  skill  utilized. 

Cyanide  Treatment. — By  these  three  steps  in  the 
classification  we  have  separated  the  pulp  into  non- 
leachable  slimes,  comprising  about  40%  of  the  ore 
crushed,  and  practically  all  passing  a  200-mesh 
screen  and  a  direct  leachable  product,  amounting  to, 
approximately,  60%  of  the  tailings,  which,  although 
very  clean  and  free  from  mud,  is  still  of  a  very  fine 
texture,  as  the  following  sizing  test  (the  average  for 
the  year  1902)  will  show:  Coarse,  remaining  on  100- 
mesh,  40  5%;  middles,  100  to  200  mesh,  30.8%;  fines, 
passing  200  mesh,  28.7%. 

While  this  fineness  is  notable,  we  find  that,  as  the 
proportion  of  lower  level  ore  increases,  we  can  treat 
an  even  finer  product.  A  recent  charge,  containing 
'  as  high  as  40%  fines,  maintained  our  normal  leaching 
rate  of  3  to  4  inches  per  hour  throughout  the  treat- 
ment. This  is  undoubtedly  due  to  the  fact  that  the 
fines  from  the  lower  level  rock  contain  a  greater 
proportion  of   angular  or   granular,   and   a   smaller 


General  Plan  Showing  Location  of  Homestake  Cyanide  Plant  and  Other  Buildings,  Lead  City, 


about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  below  the  Lead  mills,  and 
the  problems  of  transportation  and  of  such  classifica- 
tion as  would  permit  the  pumping  plant  to  return  its 
former  percentage  of  water  to  the  mills  presented 
themselves.  The  latter  has  been  met  by  the  instal- 
lation of  the  upper  cone  house,  where  twelve  gravity 
settling  cones,  7  feet  in  diameter  and  with  50°  sides, 
throw  off  about  half  the  water  and,  perhaps,  one-fifth 
of  the  solid  matter,  which  latter  is  the  very  finest 
slime,  of  the  following  sizing,  during  1902:  Coarse, 
0;  middles,  1.76%;  fines,  98.24%.  The  thickened 
slimes  are  subsequently  settled  out  of  this  pulp,  and  a 
part  of  the  water  is  returned  to  the  mills. 

From  the  bottom  of  the  cones  is  drawn  the 
thickened  pulp,  containing  all  of  the  leachable  ma- 
terial and  some  of  the  slimes.  This  portion  is  trans- 
ported by  means  of  a  12-inch  cast  iron  flanged  pipe 
on  a  minimum  grade  of  2.5%,  and  with  as  few  turns 
as  possible,  to  the  cyanide  plant. 

The  second  step  in  the  classification  is  carried  out  in 
the  plant  proper  by  means  of  six  more  gravity  set- 
tling cones,  the  overflow  from  which,  of  a  like  com- 
position to  that  of  the  first  twelve  cones,  is  conducted 
to  a  collecting  tank,  whence  it  is  drawn  for  the  pur- 
pose of  sluicing  out  the  leachable  material  after  its 
treatment  has  been  completed.  The  average  sizing 
of  this  second  settling-cone  overflow  for  1902  was: 
Coarse,  0%;  middles,  1.38%;  fines,  98.62%. 

The  underflow  from  the  second  set  of  gravity- 
settling  cones,  which  is  now  quite  thick,  passes  to 
twenty-four  sizing  or  hydraulic  classifying  cones, 
which  carry  a  device  for  discharging  the  sand  and 
introducing  the  water,  patented  by  the  writer.  By 
its  means  the  admission  of  water  does  not  result  in 
currents  of  varying  velocity,  which  latter  always 
interferes  with  uniform  separation  of  slimes  from 
granular  material. 

These  sizing  cones  complete  the  classification, 
which  has  been  a  difficult  problem — first,  because  of 
the  extreme  fineness  of  the  pulp,  and,  second,  be- 
cause the  writer  was  determined  to  avoid  double 
treatment,  which  entails  a  largely  increased  installa- 
tion and  operating  cost,  but  which  is  necessary,  un- 
less a  product  be  obtained  practically  free  from 
slime. 

The  slime  overflow  from  hydraulic  classifiers  had 
the  following  sizing  average  for  1902:  Coarse,  0%; 
middles,  1.46%;  fines,  98.54%.  As  regards  all  slimes 
referred  to,  they  will  practically  pass  the  200-mesh 
screen,  the  middles  being  largely  wood  pulp. 

In  fact,  there  is  little  doubt  but  that  the  import- 

*Read  at  Trans.  Am.  Mtn.  Concress,  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  and  to  be 
read  at  Oct.  meeting  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.,  New  York  City. 


proportion  of  amorphous,  hydrated  or  flocculent,  ma- 
terial. 

The  leachable  pulp,  which  contains  10%  to  12%  of 
pyrite,  is  now  ready  to  go  to  the  vats,  and,  on  the 
way,  lime  is  added  in  quantities  varying  from  three 
to  five  pounds  per  ton.  At  first  we  tried  adding  this 
lime  in  the  mills,  as  is  done  in  Africa,  but  found  that 
the  amalgamation  was  most  seriously  affected  there- 
by. Not  only  was  the  plate  completely  coated,  weeks 
being  required  to  get  it  back  in  proper  shape,  but 
the  tailings  values  were  largely  augmented.  This 
result  only  emphasizes  the  fact  that  the  process  must 
fit  the  ore,  and  that  attempts  to  make  an  ore  fit  a 
process  are  useless.     This  practice  of  adding  lime  to 

Scslff  1  !nck=74  feet 

Plan 


composition  and  gold  extraction.  This  seems  to  be 
due  to  the  fact  that  a  low  alkalinity,  but  one  approx- 
imately constant  throughout  the  leaching,  is  an  im- 
portant desideratum  with  the  Homestake  ore,  on 
account  of  its  considerable  content  of  easily  decom- 
posed sulphides.  We  are  not  as  yet  prepared  to  say 
what  is  the  very  best  mesh  screen  to  use  on  our  lime 
stamp  battery,  but  at  present  we- are  using  a  wire 
screen,  the  opening  of  which  is  H  square  inch.  In 
this  connection  it  should  be  said  that  only  the  purest 
lime  should  be  used,  the  magnesia  in  the  ordinary  do- 
mestic (Black  Hills)  limestone  being  objectionable  for 
several  reasons. 

The  classified  pulp  and  the  lime  having  com- 
mingled, the  mixture  passes  to  the  distributor,  which 
is  of  the  garden- sprinkler  or  Butters  &  Mein  type. 

There  are  two  distributors,  one  for  each  row  of 
vats,  hung  from  a  carriage,  which  travels  on  a  track, 
and  the  step  of  which  rests  on  the  top  of  the  center- 
bottom-discharge  gate  of  each  vat,  when  the  dis- 
tributor is  in  operation.  There  are  fourteen  vats, 
each  44  feet  in  diameter,  9  feet  deep  inside  and  hold- 
ing 610  tons  of  sand.  To  fill  one  of  these  requires 
from  eleven  to  eleven  and  one-half  hours,  which,  with 
our  equipment,  permits  of  about  five  days'  contact 
with  solution  before  it  is  necessary  to  recharge  the 
vat.  After  filling,  the  drain  valve  is  opened,  the  top 
leveled  and  the  stronger  of  the  two  stock  solutions, 
of  a  strength  of  0.14  of  1%  KCN,  is  run  on.  The  con- 
tact with  this  solution,  including  frequent  drainages 
for  the  purpose  of  drawing  in  air,  is  maintained  for 
about  three  days.  The  air  contact  is  very  important 
in  Homestake  ores,  owing  to  the  presence  of  pyrrho- 
tite  or  subsulphide  of  iron,  which  ab- 
sorbs oxygen  with  great  avidity,  and 
which  would  greatly  retard  the  dis- 
solving action  of  the  cyanide  solution 
were  not  large  quantities  of  the  essen- 
tial oxygen  introduced.  The  effluent 
solution  during  this  period,  having 
normally  a  strength  of  0. 10  of  1%  of 
cyanide,  is  run  to  the  weak  precipita- 
tion tanks,  of  which  there  are  two, 
each  26  feet  in  diameter  by  19  feet 
deep,  and  holding  300  tons  of  solu- 
tion. 

After  the  three  days'  contact  with 
strong  solution,  the  weak  solution 
(normally  of  a  strength  of  0.10% 
ECN)  is  brought  into  the  charge,  and 
this  contact  is  maintained  for  the  re- 
maining two  days.  The  effluent  solu- 
tion from  the  charge  during  this 
period  is  irun  to  the  strong  precipita- 
tion or  rather  collecting  tanks,  which 
are  of  the  same  size  and  number  as 
the  weak  precipitation  tanks. 
Fig.  2  shows  the  interior  arrangement  of  the 
works. 

After  contact  with  the  weak  solution  has  been 
completed,  wash  water  is  brought  into  the  charge, 
and  the  washing  continued  until  the  effluent  solution 
is  down  to  0  03  or  0.02  of  1%  in  KCN  and  from  5  to 
7  cents  per  ton  in  value. 

The  charge  is  now  ready  for  sluicing,  which  opera- 
tion is  accomplished  by  two  men,  with  3-inch  hose,  in 
about  four  hours,  using  the  slime  water  from  the 
overflow  of  the  second  settling  cones.  The  four  side 
gates  and  one  center  gate  afford  ample  facilities  for 
the  discharging.  The  last  inch  or  so  of  the  sand  is 
sluiced  with  clear   water  under  seventy-five  pounds 


Plan  of  Filter  Press  Bldg. 
showing  Storage  Tanks. 

Fig.  2. — Plan  and  Section  of  Homestake  Cyanide  Works,  Lead  City,  S.  D. 


the  battery  is,  according  to  the  writer's  information, 
unanimously  pronounced  to  work  the  best  results  in 
Africa,  and  to  reduce  the  values  in  the  slimes  lost 
from  amalgamation  to  half  of  what  they  are  when  no 
lime  is  used  in  the  battery.  In  our  case,  however, 
we  have  demonstrated  that  the  best  results  follow 
from  crushing  the  lime  wet  into  a  running  pulp  which 
joins  that  from  the  sizing  cones,  whereby  there  is 
less  slacking  and  less  loss  of  flocculent  lime  in  the  vat 
overflow — i.  e.,  in  the  water  which  overflows  the  vat, 
the  sand  having  settled  out.  Not  only  is  it  of  dis- 
tinct advantage  to  have  our  lime  go  into  the  tank  in 
unslacked  granules,  but  recent  investigations  are 
proving  that  the  average  size  of  these  granules  has 
an  important  bearing  on  the  subsequent  cyanide  de- 


pressure  through   lj-inch  hose,  and  the  eight-ounce 
duck  filter,  under  which  is  another  of  cocoa  matting, 
is  washed  clean.     The  vat  is  then  filled  with  water, 
and  is  ready  for  the  next  charging. 
(to  be  continued  ) 


The  haphazard  experimenter  of  the  past  no 
longer  has  a  place  in  the  field  of  metallurgy. 
He  has  been  supplanted  by  the  expert  chemist 
and  analyst,  and  investigations  in  the  realm 
of  chemical  metallurgy  are  now  carried  on  along 
scientific  lines,  and  the  results  are  gratifying,  for 
higher  percentages  of  the  values  are  being  saved, 
and  the  costs  of  treatment  are  being  reduced. 


October  10.  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


233 


Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  features  of  mining  law 
is  that  dealing  with  the  extralateral  right,  which 
often  includes,  as  a  prerequisite  to  the  exercise  of  this 
privilege,  the  establishment  of  the  identity  and  con- 
tinuity of  the  vein.  This  only  becomes  necessary 
when  the  right  of  an  apex  proprietor  to  follow  the 
dip  of  his  vein  beyond  the  side  line  of  his  claim  is 
challenged.  In  such  event  he  is  required  to  show 
that  an  apex  actually  exists  within  the  boundaries 
of  his  claim  to  an  extent  sufficient  to  cover  that  por- 
tion of  the  vein  in  dispute.  He  must  also  establish 
the  identity  and  continuity  of  his  vein  from  the  crop- 
pings  (apex)  within  his  claim  boundaries  to  the  point 
in  dispute. 

It  is  not  essential  that  the  outcrop  of  the  vein  pass 
through  both  end  lines  of  his  claim,  or  even  one  of 
them,  but  its  course  within  the  claim  should  be  of 
such  a  character  as  to  entitle  the  claim  holder  to  the 
extralateral  right,  to  the  extent  of  covering  that 
portion  of  the  vein  in  dispute. 

In  following  his  vein  on  its  downward  course  the 
owner  of  the  apex  must  keep  within  his  vein,  for  he 
cannot  crosscut  underneath  the  holdings  of  another 
to  reach  the  vein. 

The  legal  establishment  of  the  identity  and  con- 
tinuity of  a  vein  on  its  downward  course,  as  well  as 
along  its  strike  underground,   and  beneath  the  sur- 


FIGURE   103 


FIGURE    1C4 


FIGURE  105 


FIGURE  107 


face  of  adjoining  lands,  is  often  one  of  the  most  diffi- 
cult questions  the  courts  are  called  upon  to  settle. 
The  very  wide  difference  of  geological  occurrences 
make  it  impossible  to  lay  down  arbitrary  rules  for 
the  determination  of  questions  involved  in  the  identity 
and  continuity  of  veins  and  the  exercise  of  the  extra- 
lateral  right.  The  irregular  deposits  in  the  lime- 
stones of  the  Eureka  district  of  Nevada,  the  blanket 
veins  of  the  northern  Black  Hills,  South  Dakota,  the 
fissure  veins  of  the  gold  belt  of  California,  and  the 
complex  vein  system  of  Butte,  Mont.,  are  each  of 
widely  different  geological  structure.  These  illustra- 
tions might  be  made  to  include  many  others  of  still 
different  type.  So  various  are  the  structural  condi- 
tions found  in  the  development  of  mines,  that  pre- 
viously decided  cases  wherein  the  extralateral  right 
has  been  involved,  may  scarcely  be  assumed  as  estab- 
lishing a  precedent  in  another  case  where  geological 
conditions  differ. 

The  new  edition  of  "Lindley  on  Mines"  contains  a 
valuable  chapter  devoted  to  this  interesting  and  im- 
portant feature  of  the  mining  law.  Concerning  the 
complicated  cases  arising  from  the  extralateral 
right  the  author  says:  "The  best  that  can  be  done 
in  discussing  this  branch  of  the  law  is  to  present  such 
cases  as  seem  to  clearly  enunciate  principles  which 
may  be  considered  of  general  application.  Of  all  the 
decisions  of  the  courts  which  deal  with  the  subject 
under  consideration,  that  rendered  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Montana  in  Butte  &  Boston  M.  Co.  vs. 
Societe  Anonyme  des  Mines  de  Lexington,  speaking 
through  Justice  Hunt,  is  the  most  instructive  and 
valuable." 

Following  is  an  extract  from  the  opinion  of  the 
court  in  the  case  cited : 

"  The  right  of  an  apex  proprietor  to  pursue  a  vein 
passing  from  his  side  lines  is  dependent  upon  whether 
or  not  as  a  fact  the  part  or  mineral  body  of  vein  mat- 
ter which  lies  outside  of  the  perpendicular  of  the 
side  lines  of  his  surface  claim  is  so  preserved  in  its 


identity  with  the  lode  inside  that  it  is  part  of  the 
same  vein,  the  apex  of  which  belongs  to  the  surface 
owner. 

"  On  principle  the  identity  of  the  apex  of  a  vein 
with  its  spurs  or  extensions  must  be  the  crucial  test 
by  which  are  to  be  fixed  the  proprietary  rights  to 
that  vein  and  the  mineral  therein. 

"The  pursuit  of  the  vein  on  its  dip  being,  then,  the 
right  to  be  guarded,  the  identity  of  the  vein  pursued 
must  be  proven  to  make  the  right  availing  where  it 
is  contended  the  vein,  after  passing  beyond  the  verti- 
cal planes  drawn  through  the  side  lines  of  the  surface 
boundaries  of  the  location  in  which  rests  the  apex, 
penetrates  soil  the  surface  of  which  is  embraced 
within  another  location.  Identity  must  always  exist. 
Were  there  any  departure  from  this  rule  the  miner 
might  secure  the  benefit  of  more  than  he  discovered, 
which  was  never  contemplated  by  law.  Identity  in 
mineral  deposit  should  have  no  significance  .not  usual 
to  identity  of  many  other  material  things.  It  means 
the  same  thing  or  the  same  vein.  It  may  be  said  to 
include  a  vein  that  is  incessant.  But  a  vein  that  is 
incessant  or  identical  in  its  parts  is  not  necessarily  a 
vein  which  is  continuous  in  the  sense  that  the  con- 
tinuity or  union  of  its  parts  is  absolute  and  uninter- 
rupted. In  other  words,  though  a  continuity  of  vein 
does  not  preclude  identity  of  vein,  yet  identity  does 
not  necessarily  include  continuity  in  the  exact  sense 
just  referred  to.  'Law  of  continuity,'  says  Web- 
ster's dictionary,  '  the  principle  that  nothing  passes 
from  one  state  to  another  without  passing  through 
all  the  intermediate  states.'  Speaking  exactly  by 
this  definition,  it  would  often 
£>.»  be  very  difficult,  if  not  impossi- 

ble, for  the  challenged  proprie- 
tor of  a  mineral  vein  to  convince 
a  jury  of  the  continuity  of  the 
vein  from  one  part  to  another, 
for  there  might  not  be  contin- 
uity by  actual  contact  of  the 
parts  or  contiguity  which  the 
precise  word  may  literally  mean 
must  exist.  Were  such  a  rule 
inexorable  a  failure  of  proof 
would  not  infrequently  be 
brought  about  by  the  inability 
of  the  miner  to  prove  contin- 
uity without  transmission 
through  intermediate  states. 
The  miner,  therefore,  might 
fall  short  of  that  exact  meas- 
ure of  evidence  required  to  es- 
tablish a  continuity  of  vein 
which  excludes  interruption  be- 
tween one  and  another  part  of 
the  identical  vein,  and,  judged 
by  too  closely  interpreted  sig- 
nifications the  continuity  would 
be  lost;  yet  if  he  prove  the 
identity  of  his  vein  by  some  in- 
cessant feature,  in  our  judg- 
ment, the  right  to  pursue  the 
lode  on  its  dip  is  his,  and  there 
should  but  remain  the  necessity 
of  going  to  the  surface  limits  to 
accurately  adjudicate  the  lines 
defining  the  right  to  the  vein  so 
identified. 

"  In  this  discussion,  however, 
we  do  not  mean  to  exclude  the 
need  of  continuity  sufficient  to 
preserve  identity.  The  appli- 
cation of  the  rule  of  identity  of 
vein  should  always  be  made  so 
as  to  require  the  miner  to 
trace  his  lode  continuously  if  he 
depart  beyond  his  extended  side  lines." 

The  court  quotes  with  approval  the  charge  of 
Judge  Hallett  in  Iron  Silver  M.  Co.  vs.  Cheesman, 
upheld  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States, 
and  the  following  from  the  opinion  of  the  latter  court 
in  that  case: 

"Certainly  the  lode  or  vein  must  be  continuous  in 
the  sense  that  it  can  be  traced  through  the  surround- 
ing rooks,  though  slight  interruption  of  the  mineral 
bearing  rock  would  not  be  alone  sufficient  to  destroy 
the  identity  of  the  vein.  Nor  would  a  short  partial 
closure  of  the  fissure  have  that  effect  if  a  little 
farther  on  it  occurred  again  with  mineral  bearing 
rock  within  it." 
The  Supreme  Court  of  Montana  then  continues: 
"The  true  sense  in  which  there  must  be  a  con- 
tinuity of  vein  is  therefore  a  qualified  one  and  not  an 
unqualified  exact  one,  irrespective  or  independent  of 
physical  conditions  found  in  mining.  It  may  be  said 
as  a  paraphrase  of  the  decision  cited,  that  identity  is 
essential  and  the  vein  must  be  continuous,  but  its 
continuity  may  be  interrupted,  even  to  a  closure  of 
the  fissure  without  destruction  of  the  identity,  pro- 
vided the  extent  of  the  interruptions  or  closure  does 
not  prevent  the  tracing  of  the  lode  or  vein  through 
the  fissure  to  be  identical  in  its  parts  as  a  geological 
fact." 

Identity  may,  of  course,  be  proved  by  continuous 
development,  says  Judge  Lindley,  although  this  is 
not  always  practicable.  It  may  be  deduced  from 
observed  facts  in  different  portions  of  the  mine.  The 
incessant  features  of  a  given  vein  as  exposed  in 
underground  works  may  ordinarily  be  presumed  to 
continue    throughout   undeveloped    sections,   within 


FIGURE  108 


FIGURE   109 


reasonable  limits,  unless  there  is  something  in  the 
exposed  conditions  which  negatives  such  presump- 
tion. In  regular  fissure  veins,  in  the  absence  of  fault- 
ing, there  is  but  little  room  for  speculation  on  the 
subject  of  identity.  All  veins  have  their  individual- 
izing characteristics,  and  when  these  are  shown  to  be 
persistent  by  actual  development  their  recurrence  in 
undeveloped  sections  may  within  reasonable  limita- 
tions be  inferred  or  established  by  correlation. 

The  accompanying  illustrations*  are  in  themselves 
suggestive  in  connection  with  the  discussion  of  the 
identity  and  continuity  of  veins. 

If  a  vein  "splits,"  or  "forks,"  either  on  its  strike, 
as  shown  on  Fig.  103,  or  on  its  upward  course,  as  shown 
on  Fig.  104,  the  forks  beyond  or  above  the  points  of 
union  may  form  distinct  apices,  subject  to  separate 
location,  and  thus  constitute  separate  veins  in  the 
eyes  of  the  law. 

If  the  forking  is  downward,  as  shown  on  Fig.  105, 
there  is  but  one  controlling  apex  for  all  the  branches, 
and,  according  to  our  view,  the  whole  must  be  re- 
garded as  a  single  lode. 

In  connection  with  a  large  complex  lode  it  is  some- 
times difficult  to  determine  whether  or  not  the 
various  points  of  outcrop  taken  together  constitute 
a  single  apex,  and  whether  included  masses  of  barren 
rock  constitute  "horses"  belonging  to  one  vein,  or 
country  rock  in  place  separating  distinct  vein  apices. 

Most  veins  have  small  spurs  and  offshoots.  Just 
where  to  draw  the  line  or  make  the  distinction  be- 
tween "  spurs"  and  separate  branch  veins  in  a  legal 
sense  is  a  matter  difficult  to  determine.  Certainly 
no  inexorable  rule  can  be  prescribed  in  advance  of 
some  authoritative  decision  on  the  subject,  and  we  are 
aware  of  none. 

In  the  tracing  of  a  vein  there  are  two  important 
elements — the  continuity  of  vein  matter  and  the  con- 
tinuity of  wall  boundaries. 

"  With  either  of  these  things  well  established,  very 
slight  evidence  may  be  accepted  as  to  the  existence 
of  the  other."  A  vein  to  be  followed  must  be  con- 
tinuous only  in  the  sense  that  it  can  be  traced  by  the 
miner  through  the  surrounding  rocks.  Continuous 
ore  is  doubtless  the  best  evidence,  but  it  is  not  essen- 
tial. Many  veins  carry  only  small  "shoots"  of  ore, 
and  the  intervening  spaces  are  represented  only  by  a 
continuous  fissure  with  or  without  gangue  or  gouge 
material. 

"  A  vein  is  by  no  means  always  a  straight  line,  or 
of  uniform  dip,  or  thickness,  or  richness  of  mineral 
matter,  throughout  its  course.  The  cleft,  or  fissure, 
in  which  a  vein  is  found  may  be  narrowed  or  widened 
in  its  course,  and  even  closed  for  a  few  feet  and  then 
found  further  on,  and  the  mineral  deposit  may  be 
diminished  or  totally  suspended  for  a  short  distance; 
but  if  found  again  in  the  same  course,  with  the  same 
mineral,  within  that  distance,  its  identity  may  be 
presumed." 

But  as  pointed  out  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  Mon- 
tana in  the  case  heretofore  referred  to,  identity  is 
not  necessarily  destroyed  by  intrusive  dikes,  Taults, 
or  casual  displacements.  Certainly  in  the  case 
shown  on  Fig.  106  the  intruding  dike  does  not  destroy 
vein  identity,  although  it  interrupts  its  continuity  in 
a  physical  sense. 

So  in  the  case  illustrated  on  Fig.  107,  representing  a 
very  common  occurrence,  viz.,  a  "normal  fault,"  the 
fault  fissure  having  been  formed  after  the  vein,  the 
hanging  wall  of  the  fault  plane  has  slipped  or  has 
been  thrown  downward  relatively  to  the  foot  wall, 
and  has  carried  with  it  a  part  of  the  vein;  or  a 
"  reversed  fault,"  as  represented  on  Fig.  108,  where 
the  hanging  wall  of  the  fault  plane  has  been  thrust 
upward  relatively  to  the  foot  wall;  or  a  fault  with 
horizontal  displacement,  a  "lateral heave,"  as  shown 
in  plan  on  Fig.  109. 

*The  illustrations  accompanying  this  article  are  from  "Lindley 
on  Mines,  Edition  1903,"  and  are  published  through  the  courtesy  of 
O.  H.  Lindley. 

Drift  Timbering. 

NUMBER   II. 

Written  for  the  minino  and  Scientific  Pbess  by 
W.  H.  Stobms. 

The  use  of  a  transit  is  often  resorted  to  for  the 
purpose  of  keeping  the  alignment  of  a  tunnel.  It  is 
desirable  to  keep  tunnels  straight  where  practicable, 
but  often  it  is  not  expedient  to  do  so.  Miners,  when 
developing  their  own  claims,  often  run  very  crooked 
tunnels,  when  not  on  ore,  swinging  from  side  to 
side  in  an  endeavor  to  follow  the  softer  ground,  or  to 
take  advantage  of  "slips"  to  "break  to."  This 
may  seem  economy,  but  it  is  economy  of  rather  a 
doubtful  character.  The  subsequent  difficulties,  loss 
of  time,  and  extra  power  required  at  the  various 
turns,  after  a  time  render  the  economical  crooked 
tunnel  a  more  expensive  one  than  had  it  been  driven 
straight. 

It  is  an  easy  matter  to  keep  a  tunnel  or  drift  in 
perfect  alignment  without  use  of  an  engineer's 
transit.  By  reference  to  Fig.  6  a  plumb  line  will  be 
noticed,  suspended  from  a  nail  driven  in  the  cap,  ex- 
actly half  way  from  either  end.  The  carpenter, 
when  framing  the  cap,  should  make  a  small  score  at 
the  center,  to  be  used  by  the  miners  as  a  guide  when 
setting  up  the  timbers.  When  the  direction  in  which 
it  is  desired  to  run  the  tunnel  or  drift  has  been  deter- 
mined,  some  stationary  object  directly  in  line  should 


234 


•SSaHd   0LIIXN3I3S  QNV  ONINIW 


October  10,  1903. 


be  selected,  such  as  a  prominent  tree  or  other  nat- 
ural object,  if  outside,  or  a  drill  hole  with  a  plug  and 
center  nail,  if  underground,  from  which  the  align- 
ment may  be  taken  and  kept.  The  first  set  having 
been  accurately  placed  (the  line  from  the  fixed  point 


'///ihw 

1  VMr«U«.\^\>/">YnA 

;;             1 

mx^ 

^FmiraRibuHWh 

cap         (Py\ 

to  the  plumb  line  being  directly  in  the  alignment  of 
the  tunnel)  the  miner  may  safely  proceed.  When  the 
second  set  is  in  place  a  second  plumb  line  is  dropped 
in  like  manner  from  it,  and  the  set  is  wedged  so  that 
the  first  and  second  lines  are  directly  in  line  with  the 
previously  arranged  or  determined  fixed  point. 
When  the  third  set  is  placed  in  position  the  plumb 
line  is  removed  from  the  second  to  the  third  set,  and 
this  set  lined  up  with  No.  1  and  the  fixed  point. 
Underground,  candles  are  often  necessary.  These 
are  placed  directly  in  the  alignment. 

The  cap  may  be  centered  accurately,  but  the 
"legs"  of  the  set  may  not  have  the  same  slope, 
which  would  make  the  cap  out  of  level.  This  may  be 
remedied  by  utilizing  a  measuring  stick  of  the  proper 
length,  reaching  from  post  to  post  to  post,  as  shown 
in  the  sketch,  having  a  plainly  marked  center  point. 
The  legs  should  be  shifted  by  wedging,  if  not  "  true," 
until  the  plumb  line  is  directly  opposite  the  center  of 
the  measuring  stick.  In  this  manner  a  drift  or  tun- 
nel may  be  run  for  thousands  of  feet  in  perfect  align-  j 
ment.  The  grade  is  a  matter  to  be  determined  by 
the  character  of  the  traffic  through  the  tunnel. 
Heavy  cars  hauled  by  motors  are  usually  run  on 
a  light  grade,  while  tunnels  where  it  is  intended  to 
tram  single  cars  with  men  should  not  exceed  5  inches 
raise  per  100  feet. 

In  drifting  and  tunneling,  occasionally  the  mate- 
rial through  which  the  work  must  be  driven  caves  so 
badly  that  not  only  must  top  and  side  lagging  be  em- 
ployed, but  also  "face  boards" — that  is,  the  face  of 
the  drift  must  be  covered  with  boards,  which  are 
securely  held  in  position  either  by  upright  posts  and 
back  braces,  or  in  the  manner  shown  in  Fig.  7. 

In  some  cases  the  ground  caves  so  badly  that  the 


sary  to  precipitate  a  gram  of  copper  increase  with 
increasing  current  density,  and  decrease  with  rising 
temperature.  The  cost  of  heating  increases  with 
rising  temperature,  and  the  interest  charge  on  the 
copper  in  the  tank  decreases  with  increasing  current 
density.  With  increasing  current  density,  we  have 
to  strike  a  balance  between  the  increasing  power 
and  the  decreasing  interest  charge.  With  rising 
temperature,  we  have  to  strike  a  balance  between 
the  decreasing  cost  of  power  and  the  increasing  cost 
of  heating.  The  object  of  this  paper  is  to  furnish 
data  bearing  on  these  points.  Two  of  my  students, 
Messrs.  Schwab  and  Baum,  have  heretofore  deter- 
mined the  relation  between  voltage,  current  density 
and  temperature  for  pure  copper  plates  set  a  defi- 
nite distance  apart  in  four  solutions.  By  expressing 
the  voltages  in  terms  of  the  voltage  at  20°,  the  effect 
of  the  distance  between  the  plates  is  eliminated,  and 
the  percentage  variations  hold  for  any  set  of  plates 
in  the  same  solution.  Data  have  been  obtained  show- 
ing the  relations  between  current  efficiency,  current 
density  and  temperature  for  pure  copper  plates  in 
four  different  solutions.  These  experiments  were 
necessary  because  Foerster  and  Seidel  had  found  a 
marked  falling  off  of  the  current  efficiency  above  50°. 
These  runs  also  give  the  degree  of  neutralization  of 
the  acid  by  copper.  Incidentally,  some  experiments 
have  been  made  on  the  effect  of  iron  salts.  The  cost 
of  heating  tanks  similar  to  those  used  by  the  Balti- 
more Copper  Co.  has  been  determined,  Messrs. 
Schwab  and  Baum  having  calculated  the  varia- 
tion of  the  cost  with  varying  conditions  of  tempera- 
ture and  current  density  for  the  case  of  all  power 
costing  at  the  rate  of  $20  per  horse  power  year, 
and  for  the  case  in  which  steam  heating  costs  only 
one-thirtieth  of  electrical  heating. 

Test  No.  1. — The  object  of  this  test  was  to  deter- 
mine the  variation  of  voltage  with  variation  of  tem- 
perature, current  density  and  solution.  In  commer- 
cial copper  refining  two  standard  solutions  are  used, 
each  solution  containing  16%  copper  sulphate  crys- 
tals. The  refineries  using  the  Hayden  system  make 
up  their  electrolyte  to  contain  also  6%  sulphuric 
acid,  while  the  plants  operating  with  the  multiple 
system  use  a  9%  scid  solution.  It  has  been  claimed 
that  the  addition  of  a  small  quantity  of  sodium  chlo- 
ride produces  a  more  coherent  form  of  copper  at  the 
higher  densities.  Experiments  were,  therefore,  made 
with  the  following  solutions  : 

Solution  A.— 16%  CuS045H20  and  9%  sulphuric 
acid. 

Solution  B.— 16%  CuS045HaO  and  6%  sulphuric 
acid. 

Solution  C. — Solution  A  +  sodium  chloride  (1  : 
2,000,000  of  solution). 

Solution  D. — Solution  B  +  sodium  chloride  (1  : 
2,000,000  of  solution). 

Pure  copper  plates,  5  centimeters  wide  and  dip- 
ping 10  centimeters  into  the  solution,  were  used  as 
electrodes,  one  cathode  and  two  anodes.  The  plates 
were  held  1  centimeter  apart,  and  arrangements 
were  made  for  efficient  stirring.     The  four  solutions 


s/D£  went 


Fig.  7  —Drifting  With  Breast  Boards. 


full  length  between  two  sets  of  timber  cannot  safely 
be  excavated  without  the  use  of  a  "false  set,"  shown 
in  Fig.  7.  This  set  is  for  temporary  use  only,  and  is 
higher  than  the  regular  sets,  purposely  made  so  in 
order  that  the  lagging  as  driven  forward  may  be 
kept  pointed  sufficiently  high  to  catch  the  bridge  on 
top  of  the  next  permanent  set. 

Electrolytic  Refining  of  Copper.* 

Written  by  W.  D.  Bancroft. 

In  determining  the  best  conditions  for  the  electro- 
lytic refining  of  copper,  we  must  consider  the  cost  of 
the  power  necessary  to  precipitate  a  tankful  of  cop- 
per under  different  current  densities  and  at  different 
temperatures  ;  the  cost  of  heating  the  tank ;  the 
deterioration  of  the  electrolyte  ;  the  interest  charge 
on  the  copper  in  the  tank  ;  the  cost  of  pumping,  and 
the  quality  of  the  copper  deposited.  Good  adherent 
copper  can  be  obtained  at  almost  any  current  dens- 
ity, provided  the  rate  of  circulation  be  sufficient. 
The  question  of  the  cost  of  pumping  has  not  been 
taken  up,  and  is  supposed  to  remain  constant  while 
the  conditions  are  varied.     The  watt-hours  neces- 

*  Abstract  Transactions  American  Electrochemical  Society,  Niag- 
ara Falls,  N.  Y.,  September  18, 1903. 


were  placed  in  four  beakers,  and  the  measurements 
made  under  practically  the  same  conditions  by  means 
of  Weston  instruments,  which  had  been  compared 
with  a  standard.  The  four  beakers  stood  in  a  large 
water  bath. 

The  voltage  required  to  obtain  a  given  current 
density  is  materially  less  with  the  9%  acid  solution 
than  with  the  6%  acid  solution.  The  addition  of 
sodium  chloride  to  the  solution  increases  the  voltage 
at  the  lower  temperatures,  while  the  effect  is 
scarcely  noticeable  at  the  higher  temperature. 

Test  No.  2.— Current  Efficiency  Run :  The  object 
of  this  test  was  to  determine  the  variations  of  the 
current  efficiency  when  operating  with  the  different 
electrolytic  solutions  at  varying  temperatures  and 
different  current  densities.  Heretofore  it  has  been 
claimed  that  the  current  efficiency  drops  off  rapidly 
when  working  at  temperatures  above  50°  C.  It  was 
to  verify  the  correctness  or  prove  the  incorrectness 
of  this  claim  that  this  test  was  made. 

The  apparatus  used  in  this  test  was  practically 
the  same  as  was  used  in  the  voltage  test  (test  No.  1), 
with  the  addition  of  a  copper  voltameter  run  in 
series  with  the  four  other  cells. 

The  electrolytes  used  for  this  run  were  the  same  as 
those  of  the  voltage  run,  viz.,  solutions  A,  B,  C  and  D. 


This  test  showed  that  the  current  efficiencies  for 
temperatures  below  70°  C.  fall  off  but  very  little,  and 
are  practically  100%.  Even  at  a  temperature  of  90° 
C.  and  a  high  current  density  of  4  amp.  per  qdm., 
the  efficiency  runs  as  high  as  98%  and  99%  for  the  9% 
and  6%  solutions,  respectively,  while  a  current  dens- 
ity of  1  amp.  per  qdm.  gives  an  efficiency  of  90% 
and  91%.  While  this  result  is  apparently  in  flat  con- 
tradiction with  that  of  Foerster  and  Seidel,  this  is 
not  really  the  case.  These  authors  find  47%  effi- 
ciency with  0.3  amp.  per  qdm.  and  83%  efficiency 
with  1  amp.  per  qdm.  at  100°,  while  we  find,  at  90°, 
91%  efficiency  with  1  amp.  per  qdm.  and  99%  effi- 
ciency with  4  amp.  per  qdm.  The  highest  current 
density  of  Foerster  and  Seidel  is  our  lowest.  Since 
no  refinery  in  this  country  runs  at  as  low  a  current 
density  as  1  amp.  per  qdm.  (except,  perhaps,  the 
Calumet  &  Hecla),  the  conclusions  of  Foerster  and 
Seidel  are  not  applicable  to  American  practice. 
Between  50°  and  70°  the  efficiency  in  some  cases  runs 
a  trifle  above  100%.  This  is,  no  doubt,  due  to  the  for- 
mation of  cuprous  sulphate  in  small  quantities  in  the 
electrolyte. 

The  deterioration  of  solution  is  proportional  to  the 
ratio  of  anode  loss  to  cathode  gain,  since  pure  cop- 
per plates  were  used  and  there  was  no  sediment  or 
copper  scrap  at  the  bottom  of  the  beakers.  The 
solution  deteriorates  more  rapidly  at  the  higher  tem- 
perature and  at  the  lower  current  densities.  This 
deterioration  of  solution  probably  more  than  offsets 
the  advantage  of  decrease  in  voltage  which  the 
higher  temperatures  give,  but  only  when  operating 
at  the  lower  current  densities.  The  ratio  of  anode 
loss  to  cathode  gain,  when  operating  at  70°  C.  and  4 
amp.  per  qdm.,  is  hardly  any  higher  than  this  ratio 
for  operating  temperatures  between  20°  and  50°.    ; 

Effect  of  Ibon  in  Electrolyte. — Frequent  state- 
ments have  been  made  that  the  presence  of  iron  in 
the  electrolytic  solutions  cuts  down  the  current  effi- 
ciency. To  investigate  this,  solutions  containing  iron 
were  electrolyzed  between  weighed  copper  electrodes 
at  a  temperature  of  45°  C.  and  a  current  density  of  2 
amp.  per  qdm.,  with  a  voltameter  in  series.  The  re- 
sults obtained  show  that  there  is  no  falling  off  in  the 
current  efficiency.  After  the  test  the  precipitate  on 
the  cathode  was  dissolved  in  nitric  acid,  and  the  solu- 
tion was  tested  for  iron.  None  was  found,  thus  dem- 
onstrating that  iron  was  not  precipitated. 

Test  No.  3. — Radiation  Run  :  One  of  the  import- 
ant items  in  electrolytic  copper  refining  is  the  cost 
of  maintaining  the  electrolytes  in  the  vats  at  operat- 
ing temperature.  To  form  some  idea  of  the  relative 
costs  of  operating  at  various  temperatures  was  the 
object  of  this  test. 

The  vats  in  a  plant  using  the  Hayden  system  are  9 
feet  long,  2  feet  wide  and  2£  feet  deep,  and  are  filled 
with  copper  plates  i  inch  apart.  Accordingly,  there 
was  constructed  a  small  tank  out  of  i-inch  stock, 
with  the  inside  dimensions  of  9x2x2i  inches,  and  filled 
it  with  copper  plates  \  inch  apart.  The  joints  of  the 
tank,  as  well  as  the  inside,  were  lined  with  tar,  thus 
effectually  preventing  leaks. 

As  a  means  of  heating  up  a  tank,  a  platinum  coil 
was  placed  on  the  bottom  and  connections  brought 
out  to  binding  posts  on  the  sides  of  the  tank.  Next 
the  tank  was  filled  up  with  electrolytic  solution 
(solution  A),  and  its  temperature  brought  up  to  near 
the  boiling  point  by  passing  an  alternating  current 
through  the  platinum  coil.  When  the  solution  had 
reached  a  temperature  of  about  95°  C.  the  current 
was  turned  off  and  the  run  started. 

A  standard  thermometer  was  placed  in  the  elec- 
trolyte, and  readings  of  its  temperature  taken  at 
varying  intervals  of  time,  until  the  temperature  had 
dropped  to  about  40°  C.  Two  radiation  runs  of  this 
sort  were  made — the  first  with  the  tank  uncovered 
and  the  second  with  a  cover  over  the  top. 

The  tank  was  again  heated  up  to  90°  C,  and  the 
current  so  adjusted  that  the  temperature  of  the 
solution  was  maintained  constant.  The  power  re- 
quired to  overcome  radiation  at  90°  was  determined 
both  for  covered  and  uncovered  tanks.  The  power 
required  at  several  different  temperatures  was  com- 
puted both  for  covered  and  uncovered  tanks,  and  the 
data  are  given  in  the  following  table : 

CONSTANT    TEMPERATURES  — POWER    DATA. 


TANK    COVERED. 


90 
85 
8) 
75 
70 


44.0 
40.1 
36  6 
33  5 

28.8 


a 

CD   ^ 


65 
60 
55 
50 


25.2 
21.7 
18.8 
14.5 


TANK  UNCOVERED 


a 

3 

a°3 

3 

GO 

ao 

a  *"3 

;    B 

:  B 

90 

145.0 

65 

42  0 

85 

110.0 

60 

34.4 

80 

90.4 

55 

26.4 

76 

67.3 

50 

20.6 

70 

50.6 

Since  the  radiation  of  any  two  similar  bodies  is 
directly  proportional  to  the  area  of  their  radiating 
surfaces,  these  values  of  power  as  determined  for 
the  small  tank  can  be  easily  translated  to  figures  for 
a  tank  of  commercial  size  by  multiplying  by  100. 
(to  be  continued.) 


October  10,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


235 


Testing  Methods  in  the  Physical 

Examination  of  Portland 

Cements.* 


Written  for  the 


NUMBER  II. 


Iining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
..  H.  Cederuehc. 


Tensile  Strength  Test. — The  objective  points  in 
this  test  are: 

First.  —  To  ascertain  the  cementing  properties 
which  a  cement  will  develop  within  a  given  period. 

Second. — To  ascertain  the  quality  in  general  of  the 
cement  by  watching  the  results  of  the  periodical  in- 
creases in  strength,  either  tensile  or  crushing,  from 
minimum  to  maximum  time  of  exposure  or  im- 
mersion. 

The  methods  pursued  in  manipulating  the  details  in 
this  test  are  90  many  and  at  such  a  variance  that  it 
is  next  to  impossible  to  find  good  checking  tests  on 
same  sample  of  cement,  if  done  by  different  testers. 
The  principal  difference  is  in  the  method  of  moulding 
the  briquette  itself.  A  good,  up-to-date  tester  will 
use  his  fingers  and  trowel  alone,  while  others,  labor- 
ing under  antiquated  ideas,  based  upon  quality  of 
cement  in  years  gone  by,  will  use  hammers,  moulding 
or  ramming  machines,  etc.  The  method  recom- 
mended by  the  committee,  above  referred  to,  and 
which  should  be  in  use  in  all  first-class  laboratories, 
is  as  follows: 

"The  brass  moulds  should  be  filled  at  once,  the 
material — that  is,  the  mixed  cement  —  pressed  in 
firmly  with  the  fingers  and  smoothed  off  with  a  trowel 
without  ramming;  the  material  should  be  heaped  up 
on  the  upper  surface  of  the  mould,  and,  in  smoothing 
off,  the  trowel  should  be  drawn  over  the  mould  in  such 
a  manner  as  to  exert  a  moderate  pressure  on  the  ex- 
cess material.  The  mould  should  be  turned  over  and 
the  operation  repeated." 

With  this  detailed  description  in  mind,  the  test  is 
as  follows: 

1.  Neat  Test. — Take  about  two  pounds  of  cement 
— larger  quantity  at  any  one  time  is  not  to  be  recom- 
mended— and  put  the  same,  "cone-fashion, "  on  a  large 
plate  glass  or  polished  marble  slab.  Form  a  small 
crater  in  the  center  and  pour  here  the  proper  per- 
centage of  water,  which  should  be  as  clean  as  possi- 
ble. The  necessary  proportion  of  water  to  cement  is 
difficult  to  determine  on  paper,  without  having  seen 
the  sample  to  be  tested,  or  knowing  room  temper- 
ature, etc.  Basing  the  average  room  temperature 
at  +70° F.,  I  would  say  that  water,  in  which  the  tem- 
perature lies  between  +65° F.  to  +75°  F.,  to  the  ex- 
tent of  18%  to  20%  of  the  weight  of  the  cement,  is 
fairly  accurate  for  a  normal  and  fresh  cement, 
whereas  the  older  the  cement  the  more  water  is 
necessary.  A  percentage  of  19.2%  water  has  given 
excellent  results  with  some  of  the  domestic  cements 
tested  by  me.  Fineness  of  cement  also  affects  the 
proportioning.  Thus  a  cement  showing  only  92%  fine- 
ness does  not  need  the  same  amount  of  water  that  a 
96%  fine  requires.  A  six  months'  old  cement  needs 
more  water  than  when  only  thirty  days  old,  and  so 
forth. 

The  water  having  been  poured  into  the  crater  is 
quickly  absorbed  by  the  cement,  and  the  tester  now 
commences  to  knead  the  mixture  into  a  dough  in  a 
regular  biscuit-baker's  fashion  for  a  short  period — 
say,  1$  to  2  minutes — after  which  the  dough  is  ready 
to  be  put  into  the  brass  moulds,  preferably  so-called 
gang  moulds,  by  the  detailed  operation  as  above 
stated. 

This  neat  test  is  now  being  rapidly  superseded  by 
the  so-called  sand  test.  As  the  manipulations  in 
either  test  are  the  same,  I  will  at  this  juncture 
take  up: 

2.  Sand  Test. — This  test  originated  in  Germany 
and  is,  from  a  constructing  engineer's  standpoint  of 
view,  of  far  greater  value  than  the  older  "neat  test." 
Like  a  good  many  innovations,  it  met  with  constant 
scorn  from  the  outset,  and,  strange  to  say,  the  well- 
known  Faija  was  one  of  its  worst  antagonists.  But 
time  has  demonstrated  its  usefulness,  and,  as  stated, 
to  the  up-to-date  engineer  it  is  the  more  valuable  of 
the  two,  inasmuch  as  the  admixture  of  the  sand  to 
the  briquettes  corresponds  more  closely  to  the  con- 
ditions under  which  the  cement  is  apt  to  be  used,  and 
hence  the  information  gained  by  such  testing  is  more 
in  conformity  to  what  might  be  expected  from  its 
cementing  properties.  No  other  proportion  than 
three  sand  to  one  cement  (weight,  not  volume)  should 
be  used,  and,  if  other  proportions  are  used,  such 
should  be  explicitly  stated  or  given.  Any  clean  silica 
or  quartz  sand  can  be  used,  and  should  be  of  such  fine- 
ness that  all  will  pass  through  a  20-mesh  screen,  but 
all  to  be  retained  on  30-mesh.  (This  is  also  recom- 
mended by  the  committee  above  referred  to.)  Right 
proportions  of  sand  and  cement  are  mixed  together 
very  thorough  and  in  dry  state. 

A  sample  lot  thus  mixed  should  weigh  about  thirty- 
six  ounces,  which  would  mean  nine  ounces  cement  and 
twenty-seven  ounces  sand.  Put  this  mixture,  cone- 
fashion,  on  a  plate  glass,  form  a  small  crater  in  cen- 
ter of  same  and  put  in  proper  percentage  of  water, 

♦Copyrighted. 


generally  half  of  what  is  required  in  neat  test.  Knead 
this  mixture  in  same  manner  as  described  in  the  neat 
test  and  put  it  in  the  mould  as  quick  as  possible,  as 
per  details  given  above.  From  this  on  the  treat- 
ment of  either  neat  or  sand  moulds  is  the  same. 

The  neat  briquette  and  sand  briquette  moulds 
should  now  all  be  weighed,  and  if  there  should  appear 
any  great  discrepancy  in  weight,  say,  3}%  or  more, 
of  any  one  briquette  in  particular,  throw  same  out 
entirely. 

During  the  first  twenty-four  hours  the  moulded 
and  weighed  briquettes,  which,  after  having  obtained 
their  final  set,  are  removed  from  the  moulds,  are  put 
either  on  a  glass  plate  or  polished  marble  slab  and 
covered  with  a  damp  cloth,  or  else  put  into  a  special 
moist  air  chamber.  Initial  and  final  set  of  every 
briquette  should  be  taken  and  recorded  in  minutes, 
and  for  all  practical  purposes  the  time  thus  recorded 
is  amply  sufficient.  When  the  twenty-four  hours  are 
up,  the  briquettes  to  be  subjected  to  long-time  tests 
are  immersed  in  water,  kept  in  zinc-lined  wooden 
trays,  or,  what  is  still  better,  porcelain-lined  cast 
iron  trays.  The  water  should  have  an  even  temper- 
ature, say,  +65°  to  +75°  F.  In  the  tray  the  im- 
mersed briquettes  should  be  turned  over  every  other 
day. 

For  practical  purposes  the  testing  machines  in  use 
to-day,  such  as  the  Fairbanks,  Eiehles,  Adies,  etc., 
are  all  good.  To  the  less  expert,  the  Fairbanks  is 
probably  the  most  reliable,  as  it  works  absolutely 
automatically  after  once  adjusted.  The  only  precau- 
tion necessary  to  observe  in  using  the  Fairbanks  is 
to  see  that  the  "  shot "  is  not  discharged  too  rapidly, 
i.  e.,  the  rapidity  of  discharge  should  not  register 
any  faster  than  at  the  rate  of  550  to  600  pounds  in 
one  minute.  Nothing  is  more  important  than  the 
maintaining  of  uniform  rapidity  of  discharge,  espe- 
cially when  comparing  different  brands,  and  in  the 
hands  of  an  unscrupulous  or  "  fixed  "  tester  the  dis- 
regard of  this  uniformity  can  easily  lead  to  unwar- 
ranted discriminations. 

The  idea  of  running  the  shot  through  very  slow  in 
testing  A's  brand  and  very  fast  in  testing  B's  brand 
is  as  unfair  to  A  as  it  is  advantageous  to  B  and  should 
never  be  tolerated. 

The  time  tests  to  which  the  neat  and  sand 
briquettes  are  subjected,  in  order  to  obtain  "  the 
commercial  value  of  the  cementing  properties,"  are 
for — 


Sand  Briquettes. 
7  days  (1  day  in  air,   6  days 

In  water). 
28  days  (1  day  in  air,  27  days 

in  water). 


Neat  Briquettes. 
24  hours  in  air. 
7  days  (1  day  in  air,  6  days 

in  water). 
28  days  (1  day  in  air,  27  dayB 

in  water). 

To  the  contractor  or  engineer  these  time  tests,  to- 
gether with  the  all  important  boiling  test,  are  amply 
sufficient  for  all  practical  purposes.  For  municipal 
or  public  works,  the  engineering  departments  of 
which  generally  maintain  a  permanent  tester  at  a 
regular  salary,  long-time  tests  should  be  carried  on, 
covering  as  much  as  twelve  months,  and  the  records 
of  such  long-time  tests  should  be  open  for  inspection 
to  any  contractor  or  engineer  in  charge  of  construc- 
tion where  cement  is  used.  It  is  not  fair  to  expect  a 
contractor  to  pay  a  large  sum  of  money  for  testing 
cement  covering  long  periods  and  to  have  these  long- 
time tests  repeated  every  time  he  uses  a  new  ship- 
ment of  cement.  The  tests  above  enumerated  are 
amply  sufficient  and  can  be  done  at  a  comparatively 
low  figure,  and  the  city  engineering  department 
should  give  all  the  other  necessary  data  free  of 
charge,  if  it  possesses  same. 

These  municipal  long-time  tests,  or  "  checking 
tests,"  as  they  may  properly  be  called,  should  be  re- 
corded as  follows: 

Neat  Briquettes.  Sand  Briquettes. 
24  hours 

7  days 7  days. 

28  days 28  days. 

2  months 2  months. 

4  months 4  months. 

8  months 8  months. 

12  months 12  months. 

The  proportional  increase  in  tensile  strength  per 
square  inch  a  first-class,  modern,  domestic  Portland 
cement  briquette,  treated  as  above  described,  Bhould 
develop  on  neat  test  and  sand  test  during  the  first 
twenty-eight  days  is  as  follows: 

Neat.  Sand. 

24  hours 250  lbs.  &,  400  lbs. 

7  days 500  lbs.  @  800  lbs.      200  lbs.  @  300  lbs. 

or  over. 

28  days 700  lbs.  @  1,000  lbs.   300  lbB.  @  400  lbs. 

or  over.  or  over. 

A  Portland  cement  that  increases  in  tensile 
strength  in  the  above  time  limits,  and  in  a  propor- 
tion that  is  more  or  less  in  conformity  with  the 
above  quoted,  will  always  be  considered  a  more  nor- 
mal acting  Portland  cement  than  one  that  tests  as 

follows: 

Sample 

No.  4231 

Neat. 

24  hours 262  lbs. 

7days 906    " 

28days 864    " 

30  days 865    " 

Boiling  teBt Fair. 


Sample 

Sample 

No.  4978 

No.  6131 

Neat. 

Neat. 

119  lbs. 

365  lbs. 

764    " 

796    " 

765    " 

921    " 

701    " 

905    " 

Pat  warped. 

Pat  cracked 

and  warped. 

It  is  seen  the  boiling  test  will  soon  ferret  out  the 
trouble. 

Cement  representing  such  samples  should  be  re- 
jected, not  on  account  of  an  absolute  unsoundness, 
which  in  sample  No.  4231  might  be  unwarranted,  but 
because  a  manufacturer  has  no  business  to  palm  off 
such  cement  as  a  true  Portland  cement.  Any 
chemist,  any  engineer,  who  is  in  charge  of  cement 
works  can,  if  he  is  the  least  bit  careful,  and  has  the 
necessary  practical  experience,  prevent  the  making 
of  such  cement,  and  the  public  at  large  may  as  well 
know  that  a  manufacturer  can,  even  under  adverse 
circumstances,  always  produce  a  cement  that  will 
conform  in  all  main  details  to  the  most  exacting  re- 
quirements. This  fact  ought  to  be  enough  reason  to 
induce  the  careless  "experts"  to  change  their 
methods  and  be  fair  and  square  towards  their  com- 
petitors, that  is,  meet  a  first-class  cement  with  first- 
class,  and  both  tested  alike. 

Cement  manufacturers,  as  a  rule,  publish  pam- 
phlets advertising  the  excellence  of  their  product, 
and  in  most  instances  they  are  intimately  fair. 
Notable  exceptions  are,  however,  found  now  and 
then.     Thus  for  instance: 

A  well-known  cement  works  in  the  East,  whose 
product  is  widely  advertised  and  is  known  to  test 
lower  than  any  other  brand,  either  neat  or  sand,  in 
the  same  locality,  defends  this  with  the  following  re- 
marks: 

"  Cement  giving  tensile  strength  neat  between  300 
and  350  pounds  per  square  inch  at  seven  days,  shows 
the  highest  ultimate  results  and  the  highest  percent- 
age of  increase  per  annum,  while  cements  showing 
strains  of  500  and  600  pounds  per  square  inch  at 
seven  days  show  no  ultimate  gain,  but  an  actual  loss, 
and  a  very  slight  percentage  of  annual  gain." 

This  pamphlet  also  gives  the  following  compara- 
tive analyses: 


Brand  III 

Brand  I. 

Brand  II. 

(the  adver- 
tised) 

Time. 

V, 

*d 

co 

V, 

*) 

CO 

V, 

tt|  |    GO 

a 

V 

2  ° 

a 

2  5 
a  a 

~5 

o. 

CD 
ED 

on!   5 

O  CD 

oj 

o»        — 

o- 

GD 

Pod 

0D 

cr 

00 

9m 

cr 

CO 

cr 

p£ 

373 

89.6 

137 

389 

93.9 

141 

293 

92.4    103 

682 

253 

668 

258 

456 

on  200  186 

28  days 

756 

on  200 

29 

748 

on  200 

292 

542 

261 

60  days  

806 

76.7 

320 

754 

81.8 

311 

568 

82.1 

299 

90  days 

829 

331 

806 

321 

579 

329 

120  days  

837 

350 

836 

332 

615 

33b 

180  days  

869 

Wt 

8711 

382 

62b 

337 

A  careful  study  of  the  above  three  brands  would 
indicate  that  the  advertised  brand  being  finest  on 
200  mesh  shows  up  the  poorest  on  the  sand  test,  be- 
cause according  to  experience  the  finer  the  cement 
the  higher  the  sand  test. 

Trautwine  gives  the  following  interesting  data  on 
page  437  (page  923  eighteenth  edition): 

CONCRETE  OF  PORTLAND  CEMENT— CRUSHING  LOAD 
PER  SQUARE  FOOT  IN  TONS. 

Proportion — 1  cement,  3  sand,  7  broken  stone. 

When  1  month  old 12  to    18  tons. 

"     6  months  old 48  to    72    " 

«    12        "        "   74  to  120    " 

Which  cement  is  then  to  the  constructing  engineer 
the  best,  providing  boiling  test  is  satisfactory  ? 

There  can  be  only  one  answer  and  that  is,  "The 
cement  that  obtains  its  ultimate  tensile  strength  in 
the  shortest  time  limit,"  that  is  what  the  engineer 
wants. 

The  same  pamphlet  gives  the  following  long-time 
sand  tests:  1  to  3  in  pounds — Seven  days,  230;  one 
month,  275;  two  months,  275;  three  months,  267; 
four  months,  296;  five  months,  329;  six  months,  325; 
seven  months,  351;  eight  months,  286;  nine  months, 
304;  ten  months,  300;  eleven  months,  308;  twelve 
months,  327;  twenty-four  months,  342;  thirty-six 
months,  336.  (Test  made  by  Eng.  Dept.  District  of 
Columbia).  I  consider  this  test  not  only  erratic,  but 
rather  poor.  I  will  say  that  I  have  myself  used 
nearly  11,000  barrels  of  this  cement  in  construction 
work,  but  of  all  the  tests  I  have  made  of  same,  which 
numbered  eighty-nine,  I  got  the  following  average 
results: 

Neat.  Sand  1  to  3. 

24  hours 181  lbs. 

7  dayB 334  "         7  days 143  lbs. 

28  days 418  "       28  days 209  " 

6months 618  "         6  months 307  " 

Here  on  the  Pacific  coast  manufacturers'  pam- 
phlets have  recently  been  issued,  but  a  glance  of 
these  pamphlets  show  their  utter  disregard  of  fair- 
ness. They  compare  tests  of  their  own  modern 
brand  ground  and  tested  according  to  modern  re- 
quirements with  tests  of  foreign  as  well  as  domestic 
brands  which  were  made  and  tested  ten  years  ago, 
under  less  exacting  conditions,  as  well  as  require- 
ments, and  especially  taking  good  pains  to  talk 
about  the  extreme  fineness,  but  never  mentioning 
one  word  about  the  all  important  boiling  test.  The 
expert  chemist,  as  well  as  engineer,  can  at  a  glance 
tell,  by  looking  over  such  publications,  which  cement 


236 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10,  1903. 


is  the  best,  the  advertised  new  brand  or  the  despised 
old  brand.  If  these  pamphlets  had  shown  compara- 
tive tests  of  all  brands  under  equal  conditions  the  re- 
sults would  probably  be  published  in  somewhat  dif- 
ferent form,  if  at  all. 

What  a  modern  American  cement  can  show  is 
strongly  illustrated  in  the  following  test  made  by  the 
writer: 


1 

Neat  Test 

Sand  Test 

Tlme- 

Boning  Test. 

in  Lba. 

in  Lbs. 

Aug.  14, 
1901— 

> 

* 

O 

> 

55 

- 

> 

'< 

a 

•a 

tr 

■a 

cr 

Bi 

~ 

g 

fi> 

V9 

B4 

K 

9 

m 

Aug.  14, 

t» 

O 

CD 

It 

o 

9 

to 

O 

1902. 

tr 
E. 

9 

cr 
* 

24  hours  . 

7  days  . . 
28  days  . . 

2  months 

1 

[O.K. 

349 

Rlffl 

421 

679 

721 

702  291  321 

289 

O.K 

O.K. 

8B1  8811816  384  449 
896j906!860|472  483 

895 
764 

6  months 

1 

904  910  891  523  621 

509 

12  months 

over  1,000|926|894|611  604J599 

Fineness  on  100  mesh  —  Alpha,   94.8;    Whitehall,  95.7; 

Dragon,  94  2 

Any  number  of  domestic  brands,  such  as  "  Atlas," 
"Vulcanite,"  "Lehigh,"  "Medusa"'  "Star,"  etc., 
can  show  up  similar  excellent  results,  and  so  can  any 
manufacturer  if  he  has  the  right  kind  of  raw  ma- 
terials and  the  right  kind  of  men  in  charge  of  his 
works. 

The  writer  has  made  preparations  for  comparative 
long-time  tests,  etc.,  of  the  brands  in  use  on  the 
Pacific  coast,  and  will  in  time  publish  the  result  of 
same. 

(to  be  contended.) 


Cyanide   Poisoning;  •••  Its  Cure  and  Prevention. 

Several  months  ago  the  Chemical  and  Metallurgi- 
cal Society  of  South  Africa  sent  circulars  broadcast 
throughout  the  mining  regions  of  the  world,  the  pur- 
pose of  which  was  an  investigation  of  cases  of  poison- 
ing by  means  of  cyanide  of  potassium  in  any  form 
around  metallurgical  works. 

From  a  large  number  of  replies  sent  in  answer  to 
the  questions  asked  on  the  original  circular  the  fol- 
lowing has  been  deduced  by  the  committee: 

1.  That  cyaniding,  per  se,  is  a  healthy  occupation. 

2.  Considering  the  large  amount  of  cyanide  used 
at  the  mines,  the  number  of  fatal  cases  of  cyanide 
poisoning  is  very  small. 

3.  The  few  fatal  cases  are  to  be  attributed  to  care- 
lessness on  the  part  of  the  deceased,  or  to  pure  acci- 
dent. In  one  case  only  was  the  accident  to  be 
attributed  to  the  mine  authorities. 

4.  The  most  important  disease  attributable  to 
cyanide  is  cyanide  eczema. 

5.  Many  cases  of  "gassing"  occur  among  those 
who  are  working  the  zinc-dissolving  tanks,  on  account 
of  the  hydrocyanic  acid  gas  and  arsenuretted  hydro- 
gen given  off. 

Preventive  Measures. — Your  committee  is  con- 
vinced that  very  little  in  the  way  of  expenditure  will 
result  in  the  prevention  of  practically  all  the  evils 
attendant  upon  working  with  cyanide.  The  following 
is  a  categorical  account  of  the  evils  and  the  suggested 
preventive  measures: 

1.  The  danger  of  death  from  cyanide  poisoning 
lies  almost  entirely  in  the  cyanide  testing  rooms  and 
assay  offices.  Familiarity  breeds  contempt  or  care- 
lessness, and  all  the  accidents  which  have  been 
brought  to  the  notice  of  your  committee  have  been 
caused  by  the  imbibition  of  cyanide  solution  in  mis- 
take for  water. 

Your  committee  is  strongly  of  opinion  that  it  is 
necessary  that  there  shall  be  an  adequate  supply  of 
wholesome  drinking  water  provided  in  each  testing 
room  and  assay  office,  and  that  the  supply  shall  be 
distinctly  labelled  "  Drinking  Water."  Your  com- 
mittee feels  that  if  this  is  not.  done  the  mine  manage- 
ment can  hardly  be  held  blameless  should  an  accident 
occur. 

2.  Cyanide  eczema  is  confined  entirely  to  those 
who  have  to  handle  the  zinc  shavings  in  the  precipi- 
tation boxes. 

From  the  evidence  that  has  been  brought  before 
your  committee  cyanide  eczema  is  unknown  on  those 
mines  where  the  cyanide  solution  is  replaced  by  water 
previous  to  the  zinc  shavings  being  handled,  and  your 
committee  therefore  recommends  that  it  should  be 
the  duty  of  the  cyanide  manager  to  see  that  the 
cyanide  solution  in  the  precipitation  boxes  is  so  re- 
placed before  the  zinc  shavings  are  handled. 

Your  committee  is  of  opinion  that  this  simple  pre- 
caution will  result  in  the  disappearance  of  cyanide 
eczema  from  the  mines. 

3.  When  the  zinc  shavings  and  gold  precipitates 
which  contain  arsenic  and  cyanide  compounds  are 
brought  into  contact  with  sulphuric  acid,  hydrocy- 
anic acid  gas  and  arsenuretted  hydrogen  are  evolved, 
the  former  always,  and  the  latter  frequently,  in 
dangerous  quantities.  Both  these  gases  are  very 
poisonous,  and  were  it  not  that  the  majority  of  the 
extractor  houses  are  lofty  and  well  ventilated,  the 
danger   arising  from   the  evolution  of  these  gases 


would  be  serious.  Notwithstanding  the  good  venti- 
lation, however,  your  committee  is  of  opinion  that 
this  is  a  source  of  real  danger,  as  is  evidenced  by 
the  number  of  cases  of  "  gassing  "  which  occur. 

Your  committee  therefore  recommends  that  these 
dissolving  vats  in  which  the  gold  precipitates  are 
treated  should  be  hooded  in  some  manner,  in  order 
that  the  gases  may  be  carried  into  the  open  air. 

It  is  also  desirable  that  some  form  of  mechanical 
agitation  should  be  used,  in  order  to  do  away  with 
the  necessity  of  raising  the  hood  for  the  purpose  of 
stirring  the  contents  of  the  vats. 

Although  only  remotely  connected  with  cyanide 
poisoning,  among  the  replies  received  mention  was 
made  of  salivation  produced  by  the  calcining  of  gold 
precipitates  from  the  zinc  boxes.  This  salivation  is, 
of  course,  due  to  the  inhalation  of  mercury  vapors, 
and  can  be  prevented  by  a  proper  construction  of  the 
calcination  furnace,  which  insures  that  the  vapors 
shall  be  completely  removed  to  the  outer  air. 


Practical  Results  of   Irrigation. 

From  an  address  by  Hon.  James  Wilson,  Secretary  or  Agriculture, 
at  the  National  Irrigation  Congress. 

Up  to  the  present  time  a  large  part  of  the  field 
work  of  this  department  has  been  measuring  the 
quantities  of  water  used  in  irrigation.  Measurements 
have  been  made  at  the  heads  of  canals,  at  the  heads 
of  laterals  and  at  the  margins  of  fields.  The  great 
differences  between  the  quantities  diverted  by  some 
canals  and  the  quantities  delivered  by  them  led 
to  a  series  of  measurements  to  find  out  where 
the  water  taken  from  the  streams,  but  not  de- 
livered to  farmers,  went.  Such  measurements,  made 
up  to  and  including  the  season  of  1901,  show  that 
canals  on  an  average  lose  6.75%  of  the  water  entering 
them  in  each  mile  of  their  length,  some  small  canals 
losing  in  a  single  mile  as  high  as  64%  of  the  water 
diverted  by  them.  The  general  average  of  the  vol- 
ume lost  by  canals  in  their  entire  length  is  usually 
given  as  one-third  of  the  volume  diverted,  although 
our  measurements  would  indicate  that  it  is  even 
greater.  The  saving  of  these  losses  from  canals  means 
an  increase  of  a  third  in  the  area  which  can  ultimately 
be  reclaimed.  The  measurements  made  show  that 
in  many  canals  the  larger  part  of  the  losses  occur  in 
short  sections  of  the  canals,  and  the  measurements 
locate  these  conditions.  Where  this  is  the  case,  the 
losses  can  be  stopped  by  lining  the  canals  or  putting 
in  flumes  for  these  short  distances  where  the  losses 
are  greatest.  The  measurements  show  another  fact: 
The  percentage  of  losses  from  small  canals  are  much 
greater  than  those  from  large  canals.  Averages  of 
our  measurements  show  that: 

What  the  Figures  Snow. — Canals  carrying  100 
cubic  feet  per  second  or  more  lose  .98%  per  mile. 

Canals  carrying  from  50  to  100  cubic  feet  per  sec- 
ond lose  2. 67%  per  mile. 

Canals  carrying  from  25  to  50  cubic  feet  per  second 
lose  5  22%  per  mile. 

Canals  carrying  less  than  25  cubic  feet  per  second 
lose  7.48%  per  mile. 

These  figures  show  that  the  percentage  of  loss 
from  small  canals  is  more  than  seven  times  that  from 
large  canals.  Great  savings  can,  therefore,  be  made 
by  running  water  in  large  canals,  rather  than  in  a 
large  number  of  small  ones. 

Various  experiments  have 
ditches  to  prevent  loss,  and 
the  department  is  collect- 
ing all  available  information 
on  this  subject.  The  prob- 
lem is  not  to  find  a  means 
of  conveying  water  without 
loss,  but  to  find  a  cheap 
means  of  doing  this.  As  the 
demand  for  water  becomes 
greater,  larger  expense  will 
be  justified.  What  is  need- 
ed is  a  cheap  but  effective 
means  of  stopping  the 
losses  from  canals.  We  are 
working  on  this  problem. 
Its  solution  means,  as  has 
been  shown,  an  addition  of 
at  least  one-third  to  the 
area  which  can  be  reclaimed. 


the  latter  deposits  controlled  by  one  company,  the 
price  of  the  sand  will  probably  be  much  increased 
and  a  considerable  demand  for  the  Carolina  sand  for 
export  to  Germany  is  likely  to  arise. 

The  production  of  monazite  in  the  United  States  Ig 
confined  exclusively  to  North  Carolina  and  South 
Carolina,  by  far  the  larger  amount  being  obtained 
from  the  former  State,  and  in  1902  this  amounted  to 
982,000  pounds,  valued  at  $69,580.  This  is  an  increase 
of  $10,318  in  value  and  of  233,264  pounds  In  quantity 
over  the  production  of  1901,  which  was  748,786 
pounds,  valued  at  $59,262.  The  price  received  by 
the  miners  per  pound  of  the   monazite   produced  In 

1902  varied  from  21  cents  to  51  cents,  according  to 
the  percentage  of  thoria.  The  nearer  the  sand  Ib 
brought  to  a  pure  monazite,  the  higher  Its  relative 
value,  and  this  is  accomplished  by  closer  concentra- 
tion and  the  use  of  the  electromagnet  in  separating 
the  higher  minerals. 

Only  190  pounds  of  monazite  sand  and  thorite  were 
imported  into  the  United  States  during  1!)02.  There 
is  no   record  of  any  export  of  monazite,  though  In 

1903  there  will  probably  be  a  considerable  export  of 
this  mineral  to  Germany. 


Big  Indian  /line. 

Written  lor  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Piiess  by 
Colin  Mcintosh. 

The  Big  Indian  mine  is  situated  at  the  head  of  Big 
Indian  gulch,  about  4i  miles  south  of  Helena,  Mont., 
and  at  an  altitude  of  5300  feet  above  sea  level. 

The  formation  is  granite,  cut  by  several  porphyry 
dikes.  The  ore  is  a  heterogeneous  mass  of  meta- 
morphic  quartz,  granite  and  porphyry,  forming  a 
dike  about  250  feet  in  width,  unknown  length  and  an 
average  height  of  the  oxidized  ore  of  80  feet.  For 
the  past  ten  years  the  ore  has  averaged  in  value  $3 
per  ton.  This  ore  is  mined  or  quarried  In  an  open 
pit,  as  shown  by  the  accompanying  sketch  and  Illus- 
trations.* 

Holes  of  an  average  depth  of  12  feet  are  made  by 
hand  churn  drills.  These  are  "  sprung  "  with  giant 
powder,  after  which  black  blasting  powder  is  used. 
As  the  ore  is  very  friable  it  is  broken  into  sizes  which  i 
can  be  readily  handled.  The  cars  are  loaded  by 
hand  and  then  dumped  into  the  different  loading 
chutes — but  one  handling  being  necessary.  The 
loading  chutes  are  operated  from  a  working  tunnel,  I 
which  is  about  65  feet  below  the  deck  of  the  trestles 


made 


Production  of  Monazite  in  1902. 

In  his  report  to  the  United  States  Geological  Sur- 
vey on  the  production  of  monazite  in  1902,  J.  H. 
Pratt  says  that  the  Brazilian  Government  has 
granted  to  a  German,  for  a  period  of  ten  years,  the 
exclusive  right  to  develop  the  monazite  sand  deposits 
along  the  coast  of  Brazil,  and  this,  he  thinks,  will 
tend  to  increase  the  interest  in  the  monazite  deposits 
of  North  Carolina  and  South  Carolina.  The  Consul 
General  at  Frankfort  has  informed  the  Department 
of  State  that  a  company  has  been  formed  in  Berlin  to 
acquire  control  of  this  privilege.  During  1902  a 
number  of  inquiries  were  received  from  German  im- 
porters for  information  regarding  the  occurrence  of 
Carolina  monazite.  Satisfactory  replies  were  made 
in  all  cases,  except  with  regard  to  the  price  of  mona- 
zite sand.  This  is  held  at  a  higher  figure  delivered 
in  Germany  than  the   Brazilian   monazite,  but,  with 


.  error  vmki 


in  the  pit,  and  practically  on  a  level  with  the  deck  of 
the  crusher  house. 

Each  chute  contains  three  pockets,  each  of  which 
is  fitted  with  iron  ore  bin  gates,  rack,  pinion  and 
hand  wheel.  The  gates  are  spaced  so  as  to  accom- 
modate a  car  opposite  each  one.  The  cars  are  of  the 
gable  end  style,  of  about  three  and  one-third  tons 
capacity  each,  three  cars  being  a  load  for  one  mule. 
But  one  man  is  employed  in  this  work.  As  high  as 
510  tons  of  ore  have  been  handled  in  one  shift  of  ten 
hours,  the  ore  being  hauled  from  mine  to  mill  and 
unloaded  into  the  crusher,  the  distance  from  mine  to 
mill  being  about  450  feet.  The  mining  force  usually 
employed  consists  of  one  foreman,  two  drill  hands, 
one  car  man  in  working  tunnel,  one  blacksmith  and 
twelve  laborers.  Drill  hands,  blacksmith  and  car 
man  are  paid  $3.50  per  day  and  laborers  $3  for  ten 
hours'  work. 

The  average  daily  output  with  this  force  is  about. 

•See  Illustrations  Iront  page.  C3 


October  10,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


310  iocs,  the  amount  milled.  The  total  cost  per  day 
is  164.50.  equivalent  to  2lVr  cents  per  toe,  including 
supples,  tools,  etc 

At  the  present   time  the  ore  is  handled  for  much 
legs  than  this  amount,  owing  to  the  favorable  weather. 

The  question  may  arise.  ' '  Why  are  not  the  loading 
chutes  placed  directiy  under  the  ore  body  '"  The 
answer  to  this  question  is.  That  the  lower  working 
tunnel  is  below  the  oxidized  ore  in  hard  rocs 
the  working  tunnels  are  necessarily  large,  the  cost 
per  fool  is  about  $16,  to  which  must  be  added  the 
cost  of  building  the  chutes.  Further,  the  ore  which 
could  be  mined  into  these  chutes  is  equivalent  only  to 
the  amount  between  the  fines   :'  aatara]  s    ce  boa 


and  pomps  are  also  operated  by  independent  motors. 
The  mill  is  equipped  with  chrome-steel  cams,  tap- 
pets and  shoes,  and  cast  iron  dies.  Each  stamp 
_• 
le.  The  mortars  are  of  the  narrow  Homestake. 
tow-discharge  patter-,  and  are  bolted  to  cast  iron 
■aril  blocks  e-  _    :  ^  about  13, wM  pooBda      A 

piece  of  sheet  rubber  ,",  of  an  inch  in  thickness  is 
placed  between  the  mortar  and  aura  block.  The 
latter  is  secured  to  the  concrete  piers  by  six  holding 
down  bolts  built  in  the  concrete. 

The  ore  is  dumped  from  the  cars  over  the  grizzlies 
and  into  the  No.  4  Gates  crusher — the  fines  passing 
through  the  grizzlies  into  chutes  and  thence  to  the 


were  obtained.      Straight   outside  amalgamation    is 

practiced.     At  d  copper  plates 

(  were  used  to  each   battery.      This  area  has  been 

doubled,  as  it  has  been  found  advantageous  to  do  so. 

P.ates  are  cleaned  once  in  twenty-tour  hours.     The 

average  saving  is  about  *7;%  of  the  assayvalue  of 

the  ore. 
The  tailings  cannot  be  worked  profitably.      They 

are  conducted  to  a  system  of  settling  tanks,  from 
<  which  the  clear  water  "is  drawn  off  and  pumpedlback 
l  to  the  mill  for  re-use. 

The  average  life  of  shoes  and  dies  is  about  150  days. 
[  But  one  stem  has  been  broken  since  the  mill  has  been 
1  in  operation,  a  period  of  ten  months.    The  mill  force 


II    - 


r       T 

/ 

■ 

.  .  '■  •   ■ 


consists  of  three  amalgamators,  one  of  whom  is  mill 
foreman,   and  three  working   eight   hour 

shifts,  ore  crusher  man  and  two  pump  men.  Wages 
of  amalgamators.  $4  per  day:  helpers,  $3,  and  pump 
and  crusher  men,  $3.50  per  day. 

The   cost    at  jperating  I  T.tb  an  average 

output  of  310  tons  per  day     s  as  follows:  ' 

KDD    help  SS2.50 

Power 20-« 

M_  ■_::  .as  and  repairs 1-00 

Irs-rSDOe -f     -  ■  ■  I 

Total »67.34 

Or  an  equivalent  of  21,'e,  cents  per  ton. 

KBCAP1TCI.ATION. 

JMl"i"g -  -;erton 

v .    ;  ~  21  ,7,  oents  per  ton 

SaperintendeDoe. *A  oents  per  ton 

Total  cost  o!  mining  and  milling. .  46i76  oents  per  ton 
Profits  of  boarding  house  covers  expanses  of  teamster, 

.-.■_    .:•;.".!    :  '•- 
Prior  to  the  erection  of  the  present  60-stamp  mill 

Hm   property  "*"cs  equipped  with  a  15-st.amp  mill  of 

650-pound  stamps,   which  had  been  in  operation  for 

tan  years. 

Viter  Power  in  South  Africa. 


Lr^*i  LJLJ 


a    . .  ■-- :.-  Tjessz  — 


■■--.  cc.tes  I—i  methec  fas  tried  arcc  c_=:crc;i  i :r 
the  :ce  z:  —  iz  use  —'zzz'z  is  mere  e::c:~.ci  ii". 
has  the  further  cc-cutc^e  ::'  enac-ii  the  scrting  :'. 
:re 

-■.' crurse  wher.  the  hi'ui  fr:—  the  -r-.i-.z:  chutes 
to  the  face  of  the  pit  gets  to  be  excessive  new  chutes 
will  be  put  in  directly  under  the  ore  body . 

During  the  winter  months  but  little  trouble  &  ex- 
perienced, as  the  chutes  are  covered  up  to  the  level 
::' tee  trestle.  stTrriuc;  stcrsre  r::~  f:r  tec  t:  if- 
teen  days  supply  of  ore  for  use  in  stormy  weather. 

The  entire  plant,  is  operated  by  electricity,  incitad- 
ir.g  lirhtirr  ::'*— icce  and  -ill.  -re  c:~er  .s  ::ticuec 
freer,  the  v-issrur:  ?.  ~er  ?:jer  C:  "at  ayecr.-  recce, 
of  $50  per  horse  power.  The  current,  three-phase, 
alternating,  is  received  at  11,500  volts  and  trans- 
formed to  410  volts. 

By  referring  to  the  accompanying  sketch  it  wiH  be 
seer,  that  the  =cc_  cs  i:~cee  ircto'tw":  units  ::  tr_rt.. 
stamps  each,  driven  by  separate  motors.     Crusher 


crasher  bin.  From  this  bin  it  is  fed  onto  two  flat 
belt  conveyors  (one  on  each  side  of  from 

-: .;;  c;  "re  .s  distributed  to  the  differs-;-,  poeketfi 
in  the  ore  bin.  These  belts  have  been  in  use  and 
show  but  «  wear,  considering  the  amount  of 

:re  raci ;c 

7;;  . :  ;  . ; :  -.  ers  ere  ::'  cere  w;.;;  ;r:  uc  ac 
adjastable  voie.  which  permits  the  roller  to  be  tilted 
to  an  angle" of  45\  By  this  arrangement  any  pocket 
'-"  --;  ;r;  .  -_  :.,:  :e  'rc-e-i  Seme  trcuc.e  was  ct 
first  experienced  by  wet  ore  sticking  to  the  belts. 
--  s  ;±- .--;■■■  -as  rverccute  :y  s-rewmg  c:  tee 
roller,  for  its  a  eu^tr  a  half  round  piece  of  hard 
wood,  I  inch  5  crater  imparting  to  the  roller  a 
vertical  shaking  motion.  But  one  man  is  required  to 
attend  the  crusher  and  belt  eonveyors. 

Suspended  ore  feeders  are  used,  which  giw 
lent  satisfaction.    Numerous  experiments  were  made 
with  screens  of  different  styles  and  sixes.    A  i;4-  mesh 
vr  -,  s.-ree:  -S  -:~:  -sec    'rem  ~r  ;c   tee    ess:   resets 


The  African  Concessions  Syndicate,  which  was 
organized  to  exploit  the  possibilities  of  the  Victoria 
Falls  on  the  Zambesi,  has  issued  a  report  describing 
the  work  so  far  accomplished,  says  the  Electrical 
RaviBw  Ihese  fa&E  are  ever  400 feet  high,  and  their 
power  is  estimated  at  S5.0C0.iX0  H.  P.  in  the  wet 
season,  while  that  of  Niagara  is  T  H.  P.    The 

railway  has  now  been  completed  to  within  70  miles  of 
the  falls,  and  will  reach  them  before  the  end  of  next 
March.  It  is  believed  that  it  will  be  practicable  to 
carrv   the    electrical   energy   generated  at  the  falls 

-  ...  ;  -;  ;ir  is  the  Rand,  and  it  is  hoped  to 
work  :y  means  of  it  a  large  portier  ::'  the  South 
African"  railway  mileage,  as  well  as  to  supply  the 
power  in  ice  gold  mines.  American  estimates  are 
thai  with  ;:rc;tions  similar  to  I  i.hodesia  it 

pass  :  e  be  sonvey  the  current  m   es  and 

aril  .cere  ct  a  BOSt  :'.  |8S  rer  kilowatt  per 
yeoi  *  the  ioad  being  on  the  whole  twenty-fonr  hours 
k  e  day.  Within  a  radius  of  300  miles" of  the  falls 
•.cere  are'  important  gold  fields,  coal  fields,  copper 
fields  and  about  900  miles  of  railways.  whDe  3  trans- 
mission of  600  miles  would  take  in  the  whole  of  the 
can  gold  fields.    The  site  e  Eausis  said 

be  healthy  throughout  the  year,  and  the  whole  re- 

;  ;~;^};i:  ::  :e  more  richly  endowed  in  mineral 
wealth,  inctndhtg  cepper,  iron,  gold  and  coal,  than 
any  similar  area  on  the  surface  of  the  globe.  At  pres- 
ent only  preliminary  survey  work  is  in  progress,  but 
it  is  e  x'pected  to  complete  this  very  shortly,  and  w :  rk 
then  be  begun  on  the  building  of  a  hydroelectric 
generating  station,  much  on  the  lines  of  that  at 
1-"  c;c.-i  ~Ci   s 

"~i-r-  TBler:  :;  s:         Ct  j.ermontli. 


238 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10,  1903. 


The  Ventilation  of  Deep  Levels.* 

Written  by  Thos.  Johnson. 

The  efficient  ventilation  of  the  deep  level  mines  is  a 
matter  of  great  importance.  The  term  ventilation 
may  be  defined  as  the  constant  exchange  of  a  current 
of  fresh  air  for  a  current  of  foul  air,  circulating  in 
certain  definite  directions,  so  that  all  the  different 
parts  of  a  mine  may  be  kept  in  a  healthy  condition, 
and,  therefore,  free  from  all  accumulation  or  mixtures 
of  dangerous  gases. 

That  there  is  a  proper  supply  of  air  to  a  mine  is  a 
point  that  should  be  attended  to  by  every  one  in 
charge.  It  really  pays  to  have  good  ventilation,  as 
men  are  not  only  capable  of  doing  more  work,  but  do 
it  with  greater  comfort  and  are  more  contented. 

Mine  regulations  require  that  every  mine  must  be 
constantly  supplied  with  an  adequate  supply  of  fresh 
air.  Not  less  than  70  cubic  feet  of  such  air  per  min- 
ute shall  be  supplied  in  the  intake  for  each  and  every 
person  employed  underground,  and  as  much  more  as 
circumstances  may  require. 

Should  the  Inspector  of  Mines  deem  it  necessary,  a 
register  of  the  quantities  of  air  circulating  through 
the. mine  shall  be  kept. 

The  ventilating  current  shall  be  suitably  split 
where  necessary,  and  the  air  conducted  to  and  along 
the  face  of  each  and  every  working  place  throughout 
the  entire  mine,  in  sufficient  quantities  to  render 
harmless  and  sweep  away  the  smoke  produced  by 
blasting,  or  any  other  noxious  gases,  so  that  all 
working  places  and  traveling  roads  shall  be  in  a  fit 
state  for  persons  to  work  and  therein  travel. 

The  rules  also  require  at  least  two  shafts  or  out- 
lets to  the  surface,  with  which  every  reef  or  mineral 
bed  for  the  time  being  worked  in  the  mine  shall  have 
a  communication  of  not  less  than  one  meter  wide  and 
one  meter  high,  so  that  such  shafts  or  outlets  shall 
afford  separate  means  of  ingress  and  egress  available 
to  all  persons  employed  in  such  mine,  whether  the 
shafts  or  outlets  belong  to  the  same  mine  or  to  more 
than  one  mine. 

Now,  although  the  law  provides  that  there  shall  be 
two  shafts  or  outlets,  it  is  silent  as  to  upcast  and 
downcast  shafts,  which  leaves  every  one  in  uncer- 
tainty as  to  whether  a  company  would  be  within  its 
rights  in  using  one  shaft  for  both  upcast  and  down- 
cast; anyway,  there  must  be  upcast  and  downcast. 

The  necessity  for  ventilation  is  understood  at  once 
when  it  is  remembered  that  the  breathing  of  every 
person  in  a  mine,  the  combustion  of  lights  and  ex- 
plosives and  the  numerous  chemical  changes  con- 
stantly taking  place  in  the  mine  all  rob  the  air  of  its 
oxygen,  and  contribute  toward  the  production  of  an 
impure  atmosphere. 

The  average  composition  of  the  atmosphere  is  as 
follows:  Nitrogen,  77.95  volumes;  oxygen,  20.61  vol-, 
umes;  carbonic  acid,  .04  volume;  watery  vapor,  1.4 
volumes;  also,  traces  of  ammonia,  ozone,  nitric  acid, 
Marsh  gas  and  several  newly  discovered  gases,  ar- 
gon, neon,  krypton,  xeon. 

Oxygen,  the  chief  supporter  of  life  and  combustion, 
is  the  most  important.  If  by  any  means  the  oxygen 
is  reduced  by  1%,  the  remaining  air  is  no  longer  fit 
to  be  breathed;  if  reduced  by  2%,  it  is  only  just  capa- 
ble of  supporting  the  flame  of  a  candle,  and  if  4%  is 
taken  away,  a  lamp  will  refuse  to  burn,  while  air  with 
5%  less  oxygen  than  is  contained  in  the  ordinary  at- 
mosphere can  not  be  breathed. 

Authorities  differ  as  to  the  amount  of  air  necessary 
for  efficient  ventilation. 

The  Transvaal  mine  regulations  of  1898  require  not 
less  than  70  cubic  feet  per  person  per  minute. 

The  bituminous  mine  law  of  Pennsylvania  specifies 
for  not  less  than  100  cubic  feet  per  person  per  minute 
in  any  mine. 

The  anthracite  mine  law  of  Pennsylvania  specifies 
for  not  less  than  200  cubic  feet  per  person  per 
minute. 

Each  of  these  laws  contain  modifying  clauses,  speci- 
fying that  the  amount  of  air  in  circulation  shall  be 
sufficient  to  dilute,  render  harmless  and  sweep  away 
smoke  or  noxious  gases. 

The  first  general  rule  of  the  English  coal  mines 
regulation  act  states  that  an  adequate  amount  of  air 
shall  constantly  be  in  circulation  to  dilute,  render 
harmless  and  sweep  away  noxious  gases  to  such  an 
extent  that  all  working  places,  traveling  roads,  etc., 
shall  be  in  a  fit  state  to  work  and  travel  therein. 

Belgium  calls  for  from  64  to  106  cubic  feet  per  per- 
son per  minute  in  mines  not  giving  off  fire  damp. 

Warrington  Smythe  recommends  100  cubic  feet, 
T.  J.  Taylor  160  cubic  feet,  Mr.  Mackworth  100  cubic 
feet  and  Mr.  Lloyd  100  cubic  feet  per  person  per  min- 
ute in  mines  free  from  fire  damp. 

The  quantity  of  air  required  for  efficient  ventilation 
can  not  properly  be  fixed  at  so  much  per  person  for 
each  and  every  mine,  as  the  conditions  at  different 
mines  and  in  different  parts  of  the  same  mine  vary 
so  much. 

A  mine  or  part  of  a  mine  with  a  small  stoping  width 

ould  be  better  ventilated  with  a  certain  amount  of 

*  Trans.  Chemical,  Metallurgical  and  Min.  Society,  S.  A.  (Con- 
densed). 


air  than  a  mine  with  a  greater  stoping  width,  as  good 
ventilation  depends  greatly  on  velocity. 

Take,  for  example,  a  stope  of  3  feet  width,  quan- 
tity of  air  1500  cubic  feet  per  minute,  the  velocity 
equals  1,  and  a  stope  of  6  feet  width,  quantity  of  air 
1500  per  minute,  the  velocity  equals  0.5. 

Now,  in  a  case  like  this,  if  the  smaller  stope  was 
only  getting  sufficient  air  to  keep  it  clear  and  in  a  fit 
state,  then  it  is  probable  that  the  larger  stope  would 
not  be  sufficiently  ventilated  because  of  the  lower 
velocity,  although  the  volume  would  be  the  same;  air 
and  other  gases  have  weight  and  require  a  force  to 
move  them,  and  if  the  velocity  is  reduced  to  0.5 
through  the  increase  of  area,  then  the  pressure  would 
be  reduced  to  something  less  than  0  5. 

As  with  stopes  so  with  mines,  the  greater  the 
stoping  width  and  the  greater  the  area  worked  out 
the  greater  amount  of  air  per  person  would  be  needed 
for  efficient  ventilation.  It  is  my  opinion  that  any 
standard  based  on  the  number  of  men  in  a  mine  is  not 
sufficient  to  meet  the  different  conditions  existing  at 
different  mines. 

As  mentioned  before,  the  mining  laws  of  this  colony 
call  for  70  cubic  feet  per  person  per  minute  and  as 
much  more  as  circumstances  may  require,  which  is 
not  very  definite.  The  quantity  of  air  going  into  a 
mine  is  not  a  measure  of  the  efficiency  of  the  ventila- 
tion. There  may  be  thousands  of  cubic  feet  of  air  per 
minute  more  than  is  necessary  going  into  a  mine,  still 
it  may  be  a  badly  ventilated  mine  if  the  air  is  not 
conducted  to  the  required  points. 

I  believe  it  would  be  much  better  to  fix  the  quan- 
tity of  air  according  to  the  quantity  of  dangerous 
gases  allowable  in  the  air  of  any  working  place;  this 
is  what  the  modifying  clauses  of  the  different  mining 
laws  aim  at;  but  they  do  not  define  any  danger  point, 
which  leaves  the  management  of  the  mines  in  great 
uncertainty  as  to  what  is  required  from  them. 

Underground  Temperature. — P.  G.  Meachim,  in  a 
paper  recently  read  before  the  South  Staffordshire 
and  East  Worcestershire  Mining  Engineers,  gave 
the  results  of  some  experiments  made  by  himself  and 
others  tending  to  show  that  in  the  south  Stafford- 
shire district  the  rate  of  increase  of  temperature  is 
1°  P.  for  every  110  feet  increase  of  depth.  Some  re- 
cent American  experiments  seem  to  show  that  the 
rate  of  increase  of  temperature  is  1°  P.  for  every  101 
feet  increase  of  depth.  He  also  stated  that  recent 
experiments  proved  that  the  temperature  of  the 
rock  was  much  less  than  that  of  the  mine  workings. 
(This  is  in  coal  mines.) 

Mr.  Agassiz  and  P.  C.  P.  West,  in  their  experi- 
ments carried  on  at  the  Calumet  and  Hecla  mines, 
found  that  the  increase  of  temperature  averaged  1° 
P.  for  every  223  7  feet  increase  of  depth.  At  a  depth 
of  105  feet  the  temperature  was  59°  P.  The  greatest 
depth  was  4580  feet  vertical  and  the  highest  temper- 
ature of  rock  79°  P. 

Negretti  &  Zambra's  slow-registering  thermom- 
eters were  used  and  were  placed  in  holes  10  feet 
deep,  the  holes  being  then  plugged  up  with  wood 
and  clay  and  left  for  a  period  of  from  one  to  three 
months. 

In  England  the  increase  of  depth  for  every  rise  of 
1°  P.  is  variable,  ranging  from  56  feet  at  Tresavean 
mines,  Cornwall,  to  86  feet  at  the  Dukinfield  col- 
liery. 

It  would  be  of  benefit  to  many  if  the  different  com- 
panies concerned  would  get  the  temperatures  of  the 
different  deep  bore  holes  and  the  deep  shafts  and 
have  a  list  compiled  and  published. 

Mr.  Truscott,  in  his  book,  "Banket  and  Mining 
Practice  on  the  Rand,"  gives  a  table  of  M.  Prancke's 
from  which  he  deducts  that  on  the  Band  the  rate  of 
increase  of  temperature  is  about  1°  P.  for  every  250 
feet  increase  of  depth.  This  would  give  for  a  shaft 
5000  feet  in  depth  a  rise  in  temperature  of  20°  P. 

In  summer  this  increase  of  temperature  would  give 
a  ventilating  pressure  of,  say,  about  eleven  pounds 
per  square  foot  under  the  following  conditions: 
Downcast  temperature,  80°  P.;  upcast  temperature, 
100°,  shafts  5000  feet  in  depth,  barometer  25  inches 
in  height. 

This  ventilating  pressure  would  give  a  motive  col- 
umn of  179  feet  of  the  density  of  the  downcast.  In 
winter  a  greater  ventilating  rjressure  would  be  pro- 
duced for  a  difference  of  20°  P. 

Say  downcast  temperature  40°  P.,  upcast  temper- 
ature 60°  P.,  shafts  5000  feet  in  depth,  mercury  col- 
umn 25  inches  as  before,  the  ventilating  pressure  in 
this  case  would  equal  thirteen  pounds,  or  195  feet 
motive  column.  These  results  are  found  by  using  the 
following  formula: 

=  Weight  of  1  cubic  foot  of  air. 


459  +  t. 

Where  H  =  Height  of  barometer  in  inches, 
t  =  Temperature  in  degrees  P. 


Qr  .73437  X  H  T 


Temperature  in  degrees  C. 


273  +  t 

Motive  column  is  generally  taken  to  mean  the 
height  in  feet  of  a  column  of  air  of  the  same  density 
of  the  air  in  the  downcast  shaft,  which  is  equal  to  the 
difference  of  weight  per  unit  of  area  of  the  downcast 
and  upcast  columns,  and  is  found  by  dividing  the 
ventilating  pressure  per  square  foot  of  area  by  the 
weight  of  1  cubic  foot  of  air  of  the  same  density  as 
the  downcast  column,  or  multiply  depth  of  upcast 
shaft  by  difference  of  temperature  and  divide  by  459 


plus  temperature  of  upcast  shaft  for  motive  column  in 
terms  of  upcast  shaft. 

Position  of  Shafts. — It  is  generally  accepted  that 
mines  should  be  ventilated  on  the  plan  known  as 
ascentional  ventilation ;  this  is  right  for  a  mine 
giving  off  fire  damp  or  other  light  gases,  but  it  does 
not  suit  so  well  for  a  mine  giving  off  black  damp 
(CO,). 

For  fire  damp  (sp.  grav.  .559)  the  ideal  manner  of 
ventilating  would  be  to  have  the  upcast  shaft  at  the  ex- 
treme rise  of  the  property  and  the  downcast  at  the 
extreme  dip.  The  fire  damp  would  tend  to  rise  toward 
the  upcast  because  of  its  lightness.  In  case  of  a  mine 
giving  off  black  damp  (C02)  instead  of  CH4,  the  up- 
cast should  be  at  the  dip  boundary  and  the  downcast 
at  the  rise  boundary,  the  sp.  grav.  (1.529)  of  CO, 
causing  it  to  sink. 

Given  two  shafts  of  approximately  the  same  sur- 
face level,  it  must  be  apparent  to  all  that  the  height 
to  which  the  C02  has  to  be  lifted  is  the  same  whether 
the  upcast  is  at  the  rise  side  or  dip  side.  There  is 
nearly  as  good  a  reason  for  the  upcast  to  be  on  the 
dip  side  for  a  mine  giving  off  C02  as  for  the  upcast 
to  be  on  the  rise  side  for  a  mine  giving  off  fire  damp. 
To  carry  C02  to  the  rise  through  the  workings  of  a 
mine  would  require  a  much  greater  current  velocity 
in  every  working  place  than  would  be  necessary  to 
carry  it  to  the  dip,  because  of  its  weight,  as  stated 
before.  Once  at  the  shaft  the  trouble  will  be  over, 
as  the  velocity  there  is  much  greater  than  in  the 
working  places. 

I  do  not  think  that  the  amount  of  noxious  gases 
given  off  in  the  gold  mines  of  the  Band  is  sufficient  to 
cause  ventilation  to  be  a  determining  factor  as  to  the 
position  of  the  shafts.  Other  and  more  important 
considerations,  such  as  surface  facilities,  drainage, 
hauling  and  faults  will  decide. 

Natural  Ventilation. — What  is  termed  natural 
ventilation  is  that  quantity  of  air  which  circulates 
through  a  mine  without  the  aid  of  artificial  means, 
the  motion  depending  entirely  upon  the  difference  of 
temperature  above  and  below  ground,  direction  of 
the  wind,  surface  level,  motion  of  skips,  cars,  etc.  In 
natural  ventilation  the  ventilating  motor  or  air  col- 
umn exists  in  the  downcast  shaft  by  virtue  of  the 
greater  weight  of  the  air  in  the  downcast  shaft.  This 
air  column  acts  to  force  the  air  through  the  airways 
of  a  mine.  No  matter  what  the  respective  sizes  of 
the  downcast  and  upcast  may  be,  so  long  as  there  is 
a  difference  of  density  of  the  two  columns  of  air,  a 
current  will  be  set  up,  provided  the  difference  of 
density  is  great  enough  to  overcome  the  resistances. 

Por  example,  take  a  mine  with  two  shafts,  each 
5000  feet  in  depth,  30x7-foot  inside  timbers,  six  drives, 
each  a  mile  long,  and  of  7x5-foot  section,  what  quan- 
tity of  air  would  probably  be  put  in  circulation  if 
downcast  temperature  is  60°  P.  and  upcast  temper- 
ature 80°  P.,  barometer  27  inches  ? 

Weight  of  a  column  of  air,  1  square  foot  area,  in 

1  ^Vtt  V  97 

downcast  shaft  =-'KoVd,,    X  5000  =  344  73  lbs. 

459  +  80 

Weight  of  a  column  of  air  in  upcast  shaft  = 
1  3253  X  27X5000 


459  +  80 


331.93  lbs. 


Ventilating  pressure,  P,  =  12.8  pounds.  Then  the 
quantity  required  would  be  83,600  cubic  feet  per 
minute. 

With  a  temperature  of  60°  P.  in  the  downcast  and 
100°  P.  in  the  upcast,  other  conditions  remaining  the 
same,  the  ventilating  pressure  would  be  24.67  pounds 
per  square  foot  and  the  quantity  would  equal  115,920 
cubic  feet  per  minute. 

These  quantities  would  be  greatly  reduced  if  the 
mines  gave  off  any  great  quantity  of  C02.  Take  a 
mine  where  the  upcast  air  is  charged  with  5%  C02 : 

The  downcast  column  would  weigh  344.73  pounds; 
temperature,  60°  P. 

The  upcast  column,  temperature  80°  P.,  would 
weigh  315.34  pounds  for  the  4750  feet  of  air  and  25  38 
pounds  for  the  250  feet  of  C02  =  315.34  +  25.38  = 
340.72  pounds. 

Downcast  pressure — Upcast  pressure  =  ventilat- 
ing pressure,  substituting  figures  344.73  —  340.72  = 
4  01  pounds,  which,  under  the  conditions  stated,  would 
give  46,784  cubic  feet  per  minute — a  difference  of 
36  816  cubic  feet,  due  to  the  C02. 

In  this  example  I  have  taken  5%  C02,  which  I  think 
is  more  than  any  one  would  knowingly  allow  in  the 
main  current;  but  at  times  there  are  odd  working 
places  that  do  not  contain  this  much  C02  in  the  air. 

This  example  serves  to  show  the  bad  effects  of  the 
heavier  gases  on  the  ventilation  ;  it  shows  how  it  is 
that  there  is  so  much  divergence  in  the  results  of 
tests  of  furnaces  and  fans,  when  the  composition  of 
the  air  is  not  taken  into  account. 

In  these  examples  I  have  taken  the  co-efficient  of 
friction  at  .005  pound  per  square  foot  of  rubbing 
surface  and  a  velocity  of  1000  feet  per  minute,  which 
I  think  is  a  fair  value  for  the  size  of  shafts  and  air- 
ways in  use  here. 

Natural  ventilation  is  very  unreliable ;  in  cold 
weather  the  ventilation  may  be  good  and  on  warm 
days  very  bad  ;  in  some  cases  the  direction  of  the 
current  may  be  changed.  To  keep  the  direction  con- 
stant and  the  quantity  up  to  what  is  necessary,  arti- 
ficial ventilation  will  be  necessary  inmost  deep  mines. 
(to  be  continued. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


239 


PATENTS  ISSUED  SEPTEMBER  29.  1903. 

SpeoUlly    Reported  arid  Illustrated  for  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 

Belt  ob  Like  Conveyor.— No.  739,884;  W.  R. 
Laurie  and  T.  H.  WMsod,  Johannesburg,  Transvaal, 
South  Africa. 


In  portable  conveyors,  combination  with  flexible 
carrier,  of  terminal  drums,  groups  of  idly-running 
pulleys,  brackets  or  holders  for  pulleys,  standards  to 
which  holders  are  adjustably  secured,  means  consist- 
ing of  wedges  and  extension  pieces  whereby  stand- 
ards are  fixed  in  position. 


Combined  Ore  Concentrator  and  Amalgamator. 
—No.  739,971 ;  D.  W.  Almond,  Leadville,  Colo. 


Ore  concentrator  and  amalgamator,  having  bed  or 
support,  stationary  receptacle  arranged  thereon, 
and  made  up  of  pan,  annular,  downwardly  and  in- 
wardly inclined  wall  D,  mounted  on  upper  edge  of 
side  of  wall  and  arranged  to  discharge  into  pan,  and 
equipped  with  means  for  catching  and  holding  gold 
and  silver,  wall  b  extending  upwardly  from  outer 
edge  of  wall  D,  and  a  discharge  conduit  leading  from 
center  of  bottom  of  pan,  fixed  bearing  F  extending 
through  conduit  and  bottom  of  pan,  vertical  shaft 
journaled  in  bearing,  rotary  tray  fixed  on  shaft,  above 
center  of  pan,  comprising  receptacle,  an  annular 
downwardly  and  inwardly  inclined  wall  h,  mounted  on 
upper  edge  of  side  wall  of  and  arranged  to  discharge 
into  receptacle,  and  equipped  with  means  for  catch- 
ing and  holding  gold  and  silver,  and  wall  i,  extending 
upwardly  from  outer  edge  of  wall  h,  radial  pipes  con- 
nected to  receptacle  of  tray,  and  arranged  to  dis- 
charge on  wall  D  of  stationary  receptacle,  means  for 
supplying  pulp  and  water  to  inclined  wall  of  tray, 
and  sweeps  connected  to  and  carried  by  radial  pipes, 
and  movable  in  stationary  receptacle. 

Process  op  Extracting  Zinc  From  Sulphide 
Ores,  Etc— No.  740,372 ;  C.  Rogers,  Kew,  Victoria, 
Australia. 

Process  for  extraction  and  recovery  of  zinc  from 
zinc  containing  sulphide  ores  or  tailings,  by  subject- 
ing same  to  a  partial  sulphatizing  roast,  discharging 
same  while  hot  into  water,  leaching  same  with  water 
and  with  dilute  sulphuric  acid,  subjecting  leached 
ores  or  tailings  to  second  sulphatizing  roast,  releach- 
ing  same  with  lixivium  from  former  leaching,  and  re- 
peating operations  until  sufficient  zinc  and  sulphur 
are  removed.  _ 

Process  op  Treating  Ores. — No.  740,014;  J.  Her- 
man, Lincoln,  Neb. 

Process  of  extracting  copper  from  ores  by  treat- 
ing ores  containing  iron,  with  chlorine  containing  com- 
pound to  produce  ferrous  chloride,  utilizing  chloride 
and  free  acid  to  dissolve  carbonates  and  oxides  of 


copper,  free  acid  being  adapted  to  neutralize  inter- 
fering substances,  and  to  attack  surface  of  particles 
of  copper  oxide  or  carbonate,  and  leaching  ore  thus 
treated  with  ferrous  chloride  and  salt. 


Driving   Mechanism  for  Ore  Concentrators.- 
No.  740,027  ;  M.  S.  Leve.  Fruitvale,  Cal. 


In  driving  mechanism  for  converting  uniform  rotary 
motion  into  varying  reciprocating  motion,  combina- 
tion with  a  part  to  be  reciprocated,  of  a  crank,  rela- 
tively long  connecting  rod,  link  having  one  end  con- 
nected to  rod,  means  operating  to  guide  point  of 
connection  in  arc  of  definite  length,  means  connecting 
other  end  of  link  with  part  to  be  reciprocated,  and 
arranged  to  guide  that  end  of  link  in  an  arc  approx- 
imately at  right  angles  to  arc  in  which  opposite  end 
of  link  attached  to  connecting  rod  travels,  means  also 
operating  to  confine  link  within  last  mentioned  arc. 

Metallurgical  Furnace.— No.  740,360;  W.  F. 
Hannes,  Deming,  N.  M. 


In  metallurgical  furnace,  lower  chamber  having 
tuyeres  at  lower  portion,  upper  chamber  merging  into 
lower  chamber  and  decreasing  in  area  from  upper 
end,  tuyeres  located  at  merging  portion  for  supplying 
oxidizing  blast,  fuel  casing  located  in  furnace  with 
its  discharge  end  located  slightly  below  zone  of  oxi- 
dizing tuyeres,  and  means  for  removably  supporting 
fuel  casing  in  furnace. 

Mine  Gate— No.  739,978  ;  N.  K.  Bowman,  North 
Lawrence,  Ohio. 


In  electric  haulage  lines  or  systems  for  mines  and 


in  combination  with  trolley  line  and  mine  gate,  bridge 
for  spanning  gate  or  like  part  to  carry  trolley  wheel 
thereby  without  necessitating  interruption  of  electric 
circuit  or  power. 


Mineral  Output  of  Canada. 

E.  D.  Ingall,  head  of  the  miners'  bureau  of  the 
Canadian  Geological  Survey,  reports  the  mineral  out- 
put for  the  year  1902  as  follows: 

metallic. 
Gold:  Value. 

Yukon 814,500,000 

All  other 6,241 ,245 

Total $20  741,245 

Product.                          Quantity.  Value. 

Copper,  lb3.,@  11  6263  Bn>  39,168202  4,553,695 

Iron  ore,  tons  (exports) 428  901  1,065,019 

Plglron  from  Canadian  ore,  tons.        71,655  1,043.011 

Lead,  Itn.,  @  4  069c fl  Hi 23.000.000  935,870 

Nickel,  Ibi.,  @47c$lb 10,693,410  5  025,903 

Silver,  ounces,  @  62  16c$  oz. . . .  4,373,000  2,280,957 

Zinc,   lbs 166,700  8,068 

Total  metallic $35.653, 768 

non-metallic. 

Coal,  tons 7,639,255  $15,538,611 

Coke,  tons  (oven  coke,  all  from 
Nova  Scotia  and  British  Co- 
lumbia)   506,466  1,538,930 

Gypsum,  tons 332,045  356  317 

Limestone  for  flux,  tons 293,108  218,809 

Petroleum,  barrels 521,485  934,740 

Salt,  tons 63,056  288  581 

Total $1 8. 875, 988 

All  other  non-metallic 2,369,106 

Total  non-metallic $21,245,094 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS  AND  CLAY  PRODUCTS. 

Cement,  natural  rock,  barrels.. .      124,400  91,870 

Cement,  Portland,  barrels 594,594  1,028,618 

Total $7,771,870 

Estimated  value  of  mineral  products  not  re- 
turned         300,000 

Metallic 35,653, 768 

Non-metallic 21,245  094 

Total  for  1902 $64, 970, 732 

The  figures  for  copper,  lead,  si  ver,  nickel  and  zinc 
include  contents  of  ores,  mattes,  etc. 


Alloys  of  Gold. 

Following  are  some  of  the  alloys  of  gold  made  use 
of  by  jewelers,  says  the  Pacific  Goldsmith  : 

Color.           Gold.  Silver.  Copper.  Cadmium.  Steel. 

Blue 250  ...  ...              ...              250 

Blue 500  ...  ...              ...              250 

Gray 800  ...  ...              ...             200 

Gray 857  86  ...              ...               57 

Gray 725  275 

Green 750  125  ...              125 

Green 750  166  ...               84 

Gre  n 746  114  97                43 

Red 666  67  268 

Red 750  104  146 

Red,  pale.... 600  200  200 

Red,  very....  583  42  375 

Yellow 583  250  )67 

Yellow 666  194  139 

Yellow 750  146  104 

Yellow,  dark  583  125  292 

Yellow,  pale. 666  333 

The  alloys  of  gold  should  not  be  overheated  and 
ought  to  be  poured  immediately  after  the  proper 
fusion  has  taken  place.  The  mixture  should  be  well 
stirred  from  time  to  time  after  it  has  commenced  to 
melt,  using  a  cherry-red  iron  rod  or  a  stick  of  very 
dry  poplar  or  other  slow  burning  wood.  This  serves 
two  purposes — it  makes  the  metal  homogeneous  in 
its  composition  and  it  enables  the  operator  to  judge 
by  the  feeling  when  the  mass  is  thoroughly  melted. 
As  long  as  the  metal  feels  curdy  or  cloggy  it  is  unfit 
to  pour.  When  the  stirred  mass  feels  thin  and  watery 
it  should  be  thoroughly  agitated,  fresh  charcoal 
added,  and  allowed  to  stand  foi-  a  minute,  then 
poured. 

In  melting  silver  alloys,  great  care  and  strict 
attention  to  the  points  given  below  are  necessary  in 
order  to  secure  homogeneous  alloys  of  the  propor- 
tions required.  Especially  is  this  the  case  when  the 
alloys  contain  the  more  readily  oxidizable  metals, 
such  as  zinc  and  tin.  The  weighing  of  the  metals, 
the  arrangement  of  them  in  the  crucible,  the  man- 
agement during  the  time  they  are  in  the  furnace,  all 
are  points  requiring  steady  care  and  constant  atten- 
tion to  produce  accurate  results. 

When  the  alloy  consists  only  of  copper  and  silver 
they  should  both  be  put  in  the  crucible  before  put- 
ting it  into  the  furnace.  Put  the  copper  at  the  bot- 
tom and  the  silver  over  it,  as  copper  has  the  highest 
melting  point  and  the  heat  is  greatest  at  the  bottom. 
Then,  too,  the  silver,  being  the  heaviest,  will  descend 
through  the  copper  when  melting,  thus  producing  a 
more  perfect  mixing  than  when  the  copper  is  placed 
on  the  top. 


240 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10, 1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  compiled  and  reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

Nome  reports  say  the  weather  Is  un- 
usually good  in  the  north,  no  storms  of 
any  consequence  being  reported  up  to 
September  24th.  Mining  operations  are 
in  full  blast,  and  it  is  estimated  2000  people 
will  winter  In  Nome  this  year. 

The  Mt.  Drum  platinum  deposits  will 
be  developed  next  season,  say  White  & 
Thorp  of  New  York,  who  have  bought  a 
controlling  interest  in  thirty-four  plati- 
num claims.  The9e  properties  are  12 
miles  from  Copper  Center,  which  place 
will  be  headquarters,  say9  the  Valdez 
News. 

A  drilling  outfit  is  being  put  in  by  the 
Cudahy  Oil  Co.,  which  will  operate  in  the 
Kayak  district.  The  plant  includes  a 
triplicate  set  of  tool9  and  an  oil  pump.  It 
is  to  be  used  on  lands  owned  by  the  com- 
pany and  J.  A.  Ritchie,  being  tracts  on 
Lake  Chilcat  and  on  Martin  river,  aggre- 
gating 1600  acres.  The  Cudahy  Co.  also 
operates  in  Indiana,  Indian  Territory  and 
in  Oklahoma. 

G.  W.  Otterson,  superintendent  of  the 
Windfall  hydraulic  mines  at  Windfall, 
near  Juneau,  says  he  has  closed  down  the 
mines  for  the  season  for  lack  of  water. 
Next  season  the  company  will  put  in  a 
steam  shovel  and  work  the  property  on  a 
larger  scale. 

ARIZONA. 

COCHISE  COUNTY. 
The  Mountain  View  D.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Bisbee.  The  company  owns 
a  group  of  claims  1J  miles  north  of  Bisbee. 
Assays  of  the  cropplngs  show  copper  val- 
ues. G.  Bennett,  I.  E.  Holmes,  G.  S. 
Crockett,  G.  Walker,  C.  Trottman,  H.  M. 
Woods  and  J.  F.  Sinclair  are  directors. 

MARICOPA    COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence). — R.  E.  Hum- 
phries is  working  eight  men  on  his  prop- 
erty, east  of  Morristown. 

Donofrlo  &  Eddy,  who  have  a  number 
of  claims  8  miles  west  of  Prog  Tanks,  are 
doing  development  and  assessment  work. 
They  have  an  Incline  shaft  down  50  feet 
and  will  Bink  to  100  feet. 

B.  Ford  has  a  deposit  of  asbestos  in  the 
White  Tank  mountains  which  he  is  de- 
veloping. 

The  parties,  who  are  interested  in  the 
deposit  of  bismuth  ore  in  the  eastern  part 
of  Maricopa  county,  have  a  shaft  down  60 
feet  on  one  of  the  claims. 

The  Arizona  M.  &  D.  Co  ,  which  re- 
cently purchased  the  Ryland  lead  prop- 
erty, or  what  is  better  known  as  the 
Black  Jack  mine,  3  miles  west  of  Morris- 
town,  contemplate  the  erection  of  a  con- 
centration plant  for  working  the  old 
dumps;  meanwhile,  extensive  work  will 
be  carried  on.  This  property  in  the  past 
has  been  a  large  producer  of  silver-lead 
ores. 

Burson  &  Langley,  of  Buckeye,  have 
their  stamp  mill  in  operation  again. 

Considerable  development  work  is  being 
done  in  the  Cave  Creek  district.  Several 
properties  in  that  section  of  the  country 
have  been  sold  recently,  and  a  number  of 
other  deals  are  under  way. 

Phoenix,  Oct.  5. 

(Special  Correspondence)  — S  W.  Haines 
has  men  at  work  on  his  mines  6  miles 
north  of  Buckeye.  A  shaft  is  down  300 
feet  with  drifts  and  crosscuts  on  every  50- 
foot  level,  showing  the  extent  of  the  ore 
bodies.  The  ore  is  free  milling  and  will 
mill  on  an  average  $30  per  ton.  W. 
Dunn  and  H.  Welch  are  working  their 
gold  claims  in  the  White  Tank  mountains, 
taking  out  ore  which  is  to  be  milled  at 
Buckeye. 

It  is  reported  that  a  deal  is  being  closed 
with  the  present  owner  for  the  Vulture 
mine,  near  Wickenburg. 

Wickenburg,  Oct.  5. 

T.  J.  Morrison  of  Martinez,  manager  of 
the  United  Verde  Jr.  M.  Co.,  9  miles  from 
Harqua  Hala  and  35  miles  from  Wicken- 
burg, reports  development  work  being  in- 
creased. Their  group  comprises  five  gold 
claims  known  as  the  Sunset  group.  H.  J. 
Allen  and  T.  E.  Campbell  of  Jerome  are 
also  interested.  The  claims  have  been 
developed  by  two  175-foot  shaftB  connected 
at  the  125-foot  level.  The  5-stamp  mill  on 
the  property  will  be  started  next  week. 

MOHAVE  COUNTY. 

The  deal  for  sale  of  the  Dempsey-O'Dea 
group  of  mines,  near  Chloride,  is  reported 
off,  and  Dempsey  &  O'Dea,  the  ownerB, 
are  preparing  to  continue  development 
themselves. 

Machinery  for  the  milling  plant  at  the 
Great  WeBt  mine,  near  Kingman,  is  on 
the  ground.  The  plant  will  treat  fifty 
tons  of  ore  daily  by  cyanide  process. 


PIMA  COUNTY. 

At  Quijotoa,  the  Producer  M.  &  S.  Co. 
have  about  completed  their  smelting 
plant  and  will  build  a  concentrator,  says 
Superintendent  P.  Brownell. 

The  Twin  Buttes  copper  mines  at  Olive 
Camp,  near  Tucson,  have  been  incor- 
porated as  the  Twin  Buttes  M.  & 
S.  Co.,  with  G.  Baxter,  J.  Ellis 
and  M.  Irish  as  directors,  and  S. 
Rose  of  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  as  president, 
and  M.  Blakely  as  manager.  The  work- 
ings consist  of  a  250-foot  shaft,  a  90  foot 
shaft  and  several  drifts.  A  gasoline  hoist 
and  drills  are  being  put  in. 

PINAL  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).— Forty  men 
are  employed  at  Superior  copper  camp, 
near  the  Silver  King  mine. 

Superior,  Oct  5. 

SANTA  CRUZ    COUNTY. 

At  Oro  Blanco  J  P.  Owens,  superin- 
tendent, says  the  Tres  Amigos  and  Sorrel 
Top  mines  are  being  worked  under  one 
management.  The  ore  in  the  Tres  Ami- 
gos yielded  by  mill  test  $21  per  ton:  and 
the  ores  of  the  Sorrel  Top  gave  $14  They 
are  putting  up  a  mill  on  the  Tres  Amigos. 
Hoists  have  been  put  on  both  properties, 
and  concentrating  tables  are  on  the 
ground  for  the  Tres  Amigos.     They  have 

100  men   at   work. E.    C.   Pearce  haB 

thirty  men  at  work  on  the  Oro  Blanco 
mine.  They  are  unwaterlng  the  main 
shaft. 

R  R.  Richardson  is  sinking  a  shaft  on 
his  IriBh  Lord  mine,  in  the  Harshaw  dis- 
trict, near  Patagonia 

J.  Baker  &  Son,  of  Michigan,  who  have 
a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Old  Glory  mine, 
near  Oro  Blanco,  have  the  30-stamp  mill 
running  steadily  and  fifty  men  are  at 
work,  sayB  Superintendent  Finch. 
YAVAPAI  COUNTY. 

At  the  Iron  King  mine,  on  Equator 
hill,  near  Jerome,  work  on  the  smelter  is 
about  completed,  and  is  expected  to  be 
producing  bullion  before  Nov.  1st. 

At  the  Chicago  mine  at  Groom  creek, 
while  cutting  the  station  for  300-foot  level 
an  18  inch  streak  of  gold  ore  was  struck, 
says  E.  M.  Clark,  principal  owner  and 
manager.  The  shaft  is  vertical  and  cross- 
cuts have  been  run  to  the  main  vein. 
Sinking  to  the  500-foot  level  will  be  con- 
tinued and  at  this  depth,  in  order  to  drift 
for  the  gold-bearing  porphyry  dike,  a 
larger  pump  and  an  air  compreBsor  will 
be  put  in.    Eighteen  men  are  employed. 

Superintendent  J.  B.  Tomlinson  says  he 
has  the  machinery  for  the  Yaeger  Canyon 
Copper  Co.  (the  Sloan  group)  in  place. 
There  are  three  80  H.  P.  boilers,  one  140 
H.  P.  hoist  and  a  10  drill  air  compressor. 
This  property  was  explored  by  diamond 
drills  before  development  work  was 
started.    There  is  a  shaft  down  830  feet. 

CALIFORNIA. 

State  Mineralogist  Lewis  E.  Aubury 
reports  the  yield  and  value  of  mineral  sub- 
stances of  California  for  1902  as  follows, 
as  per  returns  received  at  the  State  Min- 
ing Bureau,  San  Francisco: 

Amount.  Value. 

Asphalt,  ton!! 34,511  J     349,344 

Bituminous  roca,  tons 33.490  43  411 

Borax  and  boric  acid,  tons. . . .        17,202  2.234,994 

Cement,  bbls 171,000  423,600 

Chrome,  tons 315  4,725 

Chrysoprase,  lbs 50  500 

Clays— 

For  pottery,  tons 67,933  74,163 

For  brick,  M 169,851  1,306,215 

Coal,  tons 88,460  248  622 

Copper,  pounds 27,860,162  3,239,975 

Fuller's  earth,  tons 987  19,246 

Glass  sand,  tons 4,500  12,225 

bold 16,910,320 

Granite,  cubio  feet 257,650  255,239 

Graphite,  tons 42  1,680 

Gypsum,  tons 10,a  0  53,500 

Infusorial  earth,  tons 422  2,532 

Lead,  pnunds 349,440  12,230 

Llthia  mica,  tons 822  31,880 

Lime,  bbls 448,664  369,616 

Limestone,  tons 71,422  90,524 

Macadam,  tons 500,939  418,548 

Manganese,  tons 870  7,140 

Magneslte.  tons 2,830  20,655 

Marble,  cubic  leet 19,305  37,616 

Mica,  tons  £0  2,600 

Mineral  paint,  tons 589  1,533 

Mineral  water,  gallons 1,701,142  612.477 

Natural  gas,  M.  cubic  leet. . . .      120,968  99  443 

Paving  blocks,  M 3.602  112.437 

Petroleum,  bbls 14,356,910  4,692,189 

Platinum,  ounces 39  468 

Pyrites,  tons 17,525  60,306 

Quicksilver,  flasks 29,552  1,276,524 

Rubble,  tons 1,555,076  830,981 

Salt,  tons 115  208  205,876 

Sandstone,  cu bio  feet 212,123  142,606 

Serpentine,  cubic  feet 512  5,065 

Silver,  (commercial  value) 616,412 

Soda,  Jons 7,000  50,000 

Slate,  squares 4.0CO  30,OfO 

Soapstone,  tons 14  288 

Tourmaline 150,000 

Turquoise,  pounds 510  11,600 

(35,069,105 

In  the  previous  year  the  total  product 
was  valued  at  $34,355,981,  the  increase  for 
1902  being  $715,124. 

The  total  value  of  the  metallic  sub- 
stances, including  precious  metals,  for 
1902  was  $22,052, 796,"which  includes  gold, 
silver,  mineral  paint,  quicksilver,  copper, 
lead,  manganese,  platinum  and  chrome. 
The  silver  is  given  in  commercial  value, 
or  amount  received  for  it  by  producers  ;  if 


given  in  coining  value,  the  sum  would  be 
about  doubled.  The  Bureau  has  never 
independently  collected  statistics  of  pre- 
cious metal  output,  but  has  used  totals 
and  distribution  by  counties  as  obtained 
at  the  United  States  Mint,  San  Francisco, 
where  they  have  the  advantages  of  verifi- 
cation by  figures  of  receipts  at  United 
States  Mints  and  Assay  Offices,  and  pri- 
vate refineries  and  smelters  throughout 
the  country. 

The  total  value  of  non-metallic  sub- 
stances was  $3,706,368,  which  Includes 
borax,  coal,  chrysoprase,  mineral  waters, 
salt,  asbestos,  infusorial  earth,  gypsum, 
magneslte,  pyrites,  llthia  mica,  fullers' 
earth,  quartz  crystals,  mica,  Boda,  tour- 
maline and  turquoise. 

The  total  value  of  hydrocarbons  and 
pases  was  $5,181,387,  an  Increase  of  $1,651,- 
678,  including  asphalt,  bituminous  rock, 
natural  gas  and  petroleum.  The  gas  Is 
given  in  value  of  that  commercially  util- 
ized. The  petroleum  price  is  the  average 
per  barrel  f.  o.  b.  at  the  wells  or  Btations 
in  each  county.  The  number  of  barrels 
of  oil  produced  was  14,356,910.  valued  at 
$4,692,189,  as  against  7,710,315  barrels  in 
1901,  valued  at  $2,961,102.  1  he  increase 
in  value  has  not  kept  pace  with  increase 
in  amount,  owing  to  prevalence  of  low 
prices  in  the  oil  fields,  especially  In  the 
valley  counties. 

The  total  value  of  structural  materials 
was  $4,109,023,  an  increase  of  $1,161,748 
over  the  previous  year.  ThiB  includes 
brick  and  pottery  clays,  Portland  cement, 
lime  and  limestone,  macadam,  rubble  and 
concrete  rock,  paving  blocks,  marble, 
granite,  sandstone,  serpentine,  slate  and 
glass  sand. 

The  relative  value  of  the  principal  min- 
eral products  of  the  State  is  as  follows : 
First,  gold ;  second,  petroleum ;  third, 
copper ;  fourth,  borax ;  fifth,  clays  and 
their  products ;  sixth,  quicksilver ;  sev- 
enth, silver.  In  the  previous  year  the 
copper  values  were  more  than  those  of 
petroleum,  quicksilver  was  fourth  and 
borax  sixth. 

The  relative  rank  of  the  counties  of  the 
State,  in  point  of  mineral  production,  Is 
given  in  the  following  table.  In  each  case 
the  value  given  includes  that  of  all  the 
mineral  substances  combined  produced  in 
the  respective  counties  for  the  year. 
Some  counties,  in  addition  to  gold  and  sil- 
ver, produce  five,  six  or  seven  other  sub- 
stances, while  other  counties  which  pro- 
duce little  or  no  gold  or  silver  produce  in 
large  quantities  quicksilver,  mineral  oils, 
copper,  lead,  asphalt,  structural  mate- 
rials, etc.  The  figures  include  aggregate 
value  of  all  mineral  products,  including 
precious  metals.  These  latter  are  based, 
as  stated,  upon  United  States  Mint  re- 
turns for  the  year.  The  term  "unappor- 
tloned  "  includes  the  total  value  of  such 
substances  as  are  grouped  to  avoid  dis- 
closing private  business,  as  in  the  case  of 
single  operations  in  a  single  county.  In 
the  table  just  published  In  Bulletin  No.  28 
by  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  from  which 
these  figures  are  taken,  the  amount  and 
value  of  each  substance  in  the  respective 
counties  are  set  forth.  It  1b,  therefore, 
necessary  in  some  cases  to  place  the  fig- 
ures in  the  "unapportioned  "  column  : 


RELATIVE  RANK  OF  COUNTIES. 

Shasta 

Kern 

San  Bernardino 

Calaveras 

Nevada 

Tuolumne 

Los  Angeles 

Amador 

Siskiyou 

Placer. 

Butte 

Oraoge 

Trinity 

Fresno 

Alameda 

M  arlpo&a 

San  Diego 

Sacramento 

Mono 

Ventura 

Santa  L  lara 

Napa  

San  Francisco 

El  Dorado 

Plumas 

Riverside 

Sierra 

San  Mateo 

San  Benito 

Santa  Barbara 

Lake 

Marin 

Sam  a  Cruz 

San  Luis  Obispo 

Sonoma 

Colusa 

Inyo.. 


Solano 

Yuba 

Madera 

Humboldt 

San  Joaquin 

Tulare 

Contra  Costa 

Monterey 

Lassen 

Stanislaus 

Kings  

A  lpine 

Mendocino '. 

Del  Norte 

Tehama 

M  erced  

Yolo 

Unapportioned 

Total '. 535,069,105 

It  Is  to  be  noted  tnat  for  the  first  time 


$  3,730,049 

3,481,926 

8,31  8.1 02 

2,371,013 

.    2,155,839 

1,880,329 

1.697,932 

1,679,113 

1,094,745 

1,018,487 

926,251 

f21,742 

731,261 

670,058 

666,838 

647,298 

562,730 

■'55,138 

549,298 

483,986 

411,112 

410,968 

395,100 

381,578 

381,203 

334,622 

332,466 

330,745 

328,231 

31:- ,550 

288,231 

206,600 

205,296 

200,391 

198  803 

194,?00 

184,414 

170,140 

155,632 

121,151 

79,555 

70.598 

62.398 

55,141 

39,253 

23.P54 

19  026 

19,000 

14,129 

9.898 

5,450 

3.500 

1,656 

450 

73,619 


since  these  detailed  statistics  were  gath- 
ered, three  counties  show  a  product  of 
over  $3,000,000.  Shasta  county,  while 
showing  a  very  material  falling  off  In  Its 
total,  is  still  In  the  lead.  The  decrease 
from  the  year  previous  is  $3,007,522,  which 
is  owing  to  the  lower  prices  for  copper, 
and  the  prevalence  of  miners'  strikes  at 
the  leading  producing  mines,  causing  them 
to  close  down  part  of  the  year.  Shasta 
owes  Its  precedence  to  copper;  Kern  to 
petroleum  and  San  Bernardino  to  Its 
borax.  While  gold  Is  still  the  leading 
mining  product,  Its  yield  no  longer  puts 
the  greatest  gold-producing  country  In 
the  first  place.  Nevada  county  still  leads 
in  gold  and  silver  ($2,149,564),  though 
closely  followed  by  Calaveras  ($2,119,173); 
but  when  total  mineral  products  are  con- 
sidered, Calaveras  takes  rank  above  Ne- 
vada county,  the  difference  being  caused 
by  the  value  of  copper  produced  in  Cala- 
veras. As  usual,  Shasta  county  still 
makes  the  largest  yield  of  silver,  owing  to 
so  much  silver- bearing  quartz  being  used 
as  flux  In  the  copper  smelting  operations. 

Asphalt  was  produced  in  1902  in  the 
counties  of  Kern,  Los  Angeles,  Santa  Bar- 
bara, San  Luis  Obispo,  Santa  Cruz  and 
Ventura,  most  of  It  now  being  derived 
from  the  refining  of  petroleum.  Bitumin- 
ous rock  waB  quarried  in  San  Luis  Obispo 
and  Santa  Cruz  counties.  Most  of  the 
borax  came  from  San  Bernardino  county, 
though  some  was  produced  in  Inyo. 
Brick  clays  were  utilized  in  the  counties 
of  Alameda,  Butte,  Contra  Costa,  Fresno, 
Humboldt,  Kern,  Kings,  Los  Angeles, 
Madera,  Marin,  Mendocino,  Riverside, 
Sacramento,  San  Bernardino,  San  Diego, 
San  Francisco,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Santa 
Barbara,  Santa  Clara,  Shasta,  Sonoma, 
Tehama  and  Tulare.  Clay  for  pottery, 
sewer  pipe,  etc.,  came  from  the  pits  in 
Amador,  Lob  Angeles,  Placer,  Riverside 
and  San  Mateo  counties.  Cement  was 
manufactured  at  quarries  In  San  Bernar- 
dino and  Solano  counties,  the  latter  pro- 
ducing this  for  the  first  time  in  many 
years,  and  in  considerable  quantity.  All 
the  chrome  mined  was  In  Shasta  county, 
and  all  the  chrysoprase  was  derived  from 
Tulare  county. 

Coal  was  mined  In  Alameda,  Amador, 
Contra  Costa  and  Rlverlde  counties,  most 
of  It  being  from  Alameda.  Copper  was 
produced  In  the  counties  of  Amador,  Cala- 
veras, Contra  Costa,  El  Dorado,  Fresno, 
Inyo,  Kern,  Madera,  Mariposa,  Merced, 
Nevada,  Placer,  San  Bernardino,  Shasta, 
Siskiyou,  StanislauB  and  Tuolumne.  The 
total  product  was  27,860,162  pounds,  as 
compared  with  34,931,785  the  previous 
year.  The  valuation  in  1901  was  $5,501,- 
782,  as  compared  with  $3,239,475  in  1892. 

All  the  fullers'  earth  produced  In  the 
State  came  from  Kern  county;  and  the 
glass  sand  came  from  the  ''sand  ranches  " 
near  Monterey  bay.  Granite  for  building 
purposes,  curbing,  etc.,  was  quarried  in 
the  counties  of  Los  Angeles,  Madera, 
Nevada,  Placer,  Riverside,  Sacramento, 
San  Diego,  Santa  Clara,  Sonoma  and  Tu- 
lare. Graphite  came  from  Sonoma  county 
only;  and  gypsum  from  Los  Angeles, 
Kern  and  Riverside. 

Gold  Is  more  widely  distributed  than 
any  other  mineral  substance  thus  far 
mined  in  California,  thirty-five  coun- 
ties out  of  fifty-seven  in  the  State  show- 
ing a  gold  yield  In  1902,  and  It  Is  known  to 
exist  In  several  others.  According  to  the 
returns  received  from  producers  at  the 
San  Francisco  Mint,  the  gold  yield  for  1902 
was  $16,910,320,  and  was  derived  from  the 
following  counties,  which  are  named  in 
the  order  of  their  respective  gold  product 
for  the  year:  Nevada,  Calaveras,  Tuol- 
umne, Amador,  Kern,  Butte,  Siskiyou, 
ShaBta,  Placer,  Trinity,  Mariposa,  Mono, 
Sacramento,  San  Bernardino,  Plumas, 
San  Diego,  El  Dorado,  Sierra,  Yuba, 
Inyo,  Humboldt,  Fresno,  Riverside,  Ma- 
dera, Lassen,  Tulare,  Alpine,  Los  An- 
geles, Monterey,  Del  Norte,  San  Luis 
Obispo,  Ventura,  Colusa,  Orange  and 
Santa  Barbara. 

Infusorial  earth  was  produced  In  the 
counties  of  Los  Angeles  and  Santa  Bar- 
bara. Lead  was  produced  in  Inyo,  Los 
Angeles,  Mono  and  San  Bernardino,  with 
small  quantities  from  Alameda  and  Tuol- 
umne counties.  All  the  llthta-mica  was 
from  San  Diego  county.  Lime  was  quar- 
ried and  burned  in  the  counties  of  Butte, 
El  Dorado,  Kern,  Monterey,  Riverside, 
San  Bernardino,  Santa  Cruz,  Shasta  and 
Mono;  and  limestone  in  the  counties  of 
Napa,  San  Bernardino,  Santa  Cruz  and 
Shasta.  Macadam  quarries  were  operated 
in  Alameda,  Los  Angeles,  Marin,  Mon- 
terey, Sacramento,  San  Benito,  San 
Mateo,  San  Francisco,  Solano  and  So- 
noma counties. 

All  the  manganese  was  from  Alameda, 
and  the  magneslte  from  Alameda,  Napa, 
Sonoma  and  Tulare  counties.  Marble  was 
quarried  in  Amador,  San  Bernardino  and 
Tuolumne  counties.  Mineral  paint  came 
from  the  counties  of  Calaveras,  Los  An- 
geles, Sonoma  and  Stanislaus. 

Mica  was  produced  only  in  Ventura 
county  and  Is  a  new  Industry  there.    Mln- 


October  10,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


241 


eral  waters  were  commercially  utilized  by 
being  bottled  and  Bold  from  the  counties 
of  Butte,  Colusa,  Contra  Costa,  Fresno, 
Humboldt,  Lake,  Mendocino,  Monterey, 
Napa,  San  Benito,  San  Diego,  San  Luis 
Obispo,  Shasta,  Santa  Barbara,  Santa 
Clara,  Sierra,  Siskiyou,  Solano  and  So- 
noma. This  is  a  business  which  is  increas- 
ing rapidly  every  year,  both  in  amount 
and  valuation.  Natural  gas  was  utilized 
in  the  counties  of  Sacramento,  San  Joa- 
quin and  Santa  Barbara.  Paving  blocks 
were  quarried  in  Placer,  Riverside,  San 
Bernardino,  Solano  and  Sonoma  counties. 

Petroleum  was  produced  in  the  counties 
of  Fresno,  Kern,  Los  Angeles,  Orange, 
Santa  Barbara  and  Ventura.  Thus  It  will 
be  noted  that  only  six  counties  are  pro- 
ducing this  substance,  notwithstanding 
the  wide  range  of  prospecting  and  drilling 
in  numerous  counties,  both  north  and 
south,  during  the  past  two  years. 

All  the  platinum  which  could  be  traced 
was  from  Trinity  county,  though  Its  pres- 
ence Is  noted  at  other  points.  Pyrites 
were  mined  (for  sulphur  contents)  In  Ala- 
meda and  Shasta  counties  only,  most  com- 
ing from  the  former. 

Quicksilver  came  from  the  counties  of 
Colusa,  Lake,  Napa,  San  Benito,  San  Luis 
Obispo,  Santa  Clara,  Solano,  Sonoma  and 
Trinity.  There  were  2832  more  flasks  (of 
76J  pounds  each)  produced  In  1902  than  in 
the  previous  year,  but  the  total  valuation 
Is  less,  owing  to  prices. 

Rubble  was  quarried  in  the  counties  of 
Los  Angeles,  Madera,  Marin,  Monterey, 
Napa,  Placer,  Sacramento,  San  Bernard- 
ino, San  Diego,  San  Francisco,  San  Mateo 
and  Ventura.  Over  one  quarter  of  the 
1,555,076  tons  came  from  San  Mateo  county 
and  was  used  in  railroad  construction 
work  on  Mission  bay.  The  class  of  work 
on  San  Francisco  bay  and  San  Pedro  har- 
bor useB  up  the  larger  part  of  the  rubble 
quarried. 

Salt  comes  from  the  counties  of  Ala- 
meda, Colusa,  Los  Angeles,  Marin,  River- 
side, San  Diego  and  San  Mateo.  It  is  the 
product  of  Bolar  evaporation  of  the  sea 
water  and  more  than  three-quarters  of 
the  total  is  made  in  Alameda  county  from 
San  Francisco  bay  water. 

Silver  was  produced  (mainly  from  gold 
ores  carrying  silver)  from  the  counties  of 
Alpine,  Amador,  Butte,  Calaveras,  El 
Dorado.  Fresno,  Inyo,  Kern,  Lassen,  Ma- 
dera, Mariposa,  Mono,  Nevada,  Placer, 
Plumas,  Riverside,  Sacramento,  San  Ber- 
nardino, San  Diego,  Shasta,  Sierra,  Sis- 
kiyou, Trinity  and  Tuolumne.  In  distri- 
bution, Bllver  takes  second  rank  to  gold, 
having  been  produced  in  twenty-Beven 
counties  in  1902 

As  far  as  the  "banner"  counties  are 
concerned  in  the  different  mineral  prod- 
ucts, the  following  Is  the  record  for  1902, 
with  the  values  of  the  material  In  which 
the  county  leads: 

Alameda  county  leads  in  coal  ($203,550); 
macadam  ($182,295);  manganese  ($7140); 
pyrites  ($53,301),  and  salt  ($160,000)  Cala- 
veraB  leada  in  mineral  paint  ($778);  Colusa 
In  sandstone  ($87,456);  El  Dorado  in  slate 
($30,000);  Inyo  in  lead  ($9013),  and  soda 
($50,000);  Kern  leads  in  fuller's  earth  ($19,- 
426),  and  petroleum  ($1,955,585);  Los  An- 
geles In  asphalt  ($171,904),  and  brick  clay 
($335,670);  Monterey  in  glass sand($12,225); 
Nevada  county  leadB  in  gold  ($2,142,740); 
Placer  in  granite  ($105  377);  Riverside  in 
pottery  clay  ($38,920);  San  Benito  in  quick- 
silver ($306,081);  San  Bernardino  leads  in 
borax  ($2,043,600),  cement  ($272,600),  lime- 
stone ($51,578),  marble  ($16,600)  and  tur- 
quoise ($11,600);  San  Diego  leads  In  lithia 
mica  ($31,880)  and  tourmaline  ($150,000); 
San  Joaquin  In  natural  gas  ($67,868);  San 
Mateo  in  rubble  ($300  000);  Santa  Barbara 
in  Infusorial  earth  ($2172);  Santa  Cruz  in 
bituminous  rock  ($41,084)  and  lime  ($161,- 
302);  Shasta  county  leads  In  copper  ($2,- 
496,731).  chrome  ($4725)  and  sliver  ($816,- 
412);  Siskiyou  In  mineral  waters  ($187,500); 
Sonoma  in  graphite  ($1680)  and  paving 
blocks  ($82,227);  Trinity  in  platinum  ($468); 
Tulare  In  chrysoprase  ($500)  and  magne- 
site  ($19,250);  and  Ventura  in  mica ($2500). 

It  will  be  noted  that  two  counties  lead 
in  five  substances— Alameda  and  San  Ber- 
nardino; one  leads  In  three— Shasta;  seven 
lead  in  two — Inyo,  Kern,  Los  Angeles, 
San  Diego,  Santa  Cruz,  Sonoma  and 
Tulare;  and  fourteen  lead  in  one  sub- 
stance —  Calaveras,  ColuBa,  El  Dorado, 
Monterey,  Nevada,  Placer,  Riverside,  San 
Benito,  San  Joaquin,  San  Mateo,  Santa 
Barbara,  Siskiyou,  Trinity  and  Ventura. 

AMADOR  COUNTY. 

The  60-stamp  mill  at  the  Fremont-Go- 
ver  mine,  near  Drytown,  near  Amador 
City,  is  expected  to  be  ready  for  operation 
October  15th.  The  batteries  are  in  place, 
the  stamps  are  hung  and  the  ore  feeders 
up.     The  concentrators  are  being  set  up. 

At  the  Argonaut  mine  at  Jackson  the 
shaft  is  being  repaired  preparatory  to  re- 
suming operations. 

CALAVERAS  COUNTY. 
To  operate  the  Shepherd   group  on  Six 
Mile  Creek,  near  Murphys,  the  New  Deal 
M.  Co,   has  been  incorporated   by  D.  C. 


Shepherd  of  Stockton,  W.  &  A.  Garland, 
J.  M.  Shepherd  of  Murphys  and  J.  S  Shep- 
herd of  Hodson.  Considerable  develop- 
ment work  has  been  done  on  the  mine  un- 
der J.  M.  Shepherd. 

The  Mayday  mine,  near  Murphys,  has 
resumed  work. 

J.  T.  Thompson,  superintendent  of  the 
Kenross  mine,  near  Mokelumne  Hill,  re- 
ports having  bought  the  Leota  ranch,  In 
Fischer's  district,  near  Jesus  Maria.  This 
property  haB  been  secured  by  the  com- 
pany to  develop  the  gold-bearing  quartz 
ledges  on  it. 

EL   DORADO   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  W.  E.  Ev- 
erson,  superintendent  of  the  El  Dorado 
C.  Co.,  has  sunk  a  new  vertical  shaft  on  the 
Woodside-Eureka  mine. 

Georgetown,  Oct.  5. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  The  Hart 
Consolidated  is  not  working  at  present. 
The  Esperanza  Co.  have  had  several  new 
sets  put  In  at  the  top  of  the  shaft  and  the 
shaft  has  been  cleaned  out.  Some  work 
is  being  done  on  the  Rosencrans,  prepara- 
tory to  sinking  a  new  shaft. 

Work  has  begun  clearing  out  the  bruBh, 
getting  ready  to  cyanide  the  tailings  from 
the  Taylor  mine.  This  will  make  the 
second  time  these  tailings  have  been 
through  cyanide  treatment. 

No  work  is  being  done  on  the  Ford  cop- 
per and  asbestos  claims  near  Georgetown. 
This  property  Is  owned  by  the  El  Dorado 
C.  Co.  of  San  Francisco.  This  company 
has  begun  work  on  a  three-compartment 
shaft  on  the  Eureka  mine  in  Georgetown. 

The  Ohio  and  Argonaut,  near  Green- 
wood, are  idle.  Lewis  Sites,  owner  of  the 
Short  Handle,  at  Spanish  Dry  Diggings, 
1b  doing  some  work  on  this  claim,  which 
was  a  big  producer  Bome  years  ago.  Most 
of  the  mines  around  here  are  closed  on 
account  of  lack  of  water. 

The  Fowlers  are  making  preparations 
to  resume  work  on  their  claim  on  Bald 
mountain.  They  have  a  good  lead  in  the 
serpentine,  which  prospects  well  In  free 
gold. 

Georgetown,  Oct.  6. 

The  Peyton  Chemical  Co.  of  Oakland 
has  men  at  work  In  the  Noonday  copper 
mine,  near  El  Dorado,  and  regular  ship- 
ments of  ore  are  being  made  to  the  com- 
pany's smelter  at  Oakland. 

The  mill  on  the  Del  Monte  mln ',  on  the 
American  river,  4  miles  below  Coloma,  is 
completed  and  the  Del  Monte  M.  &  M. 
Co.  expect  to  begin  crushing  ore  next 
week.  The  mill  is  a  2  stamp  triple  dis- 
charge mill  and  will  be  operated  with  a 
twelve  H.  P.  gasoline  engine,  says  the 
Placerville  Nugget.  B.  McBeth  is  super- 
intendent. 

A.  Schenck  is  reported  to  have  bonded 
the  Cooley  mine  in  Mount  Echo  district, 
near  Echo,  and  will  start  sinking 

The  Mt.  Pleasant  M.  Co.  has  sixteen 
men  at  work  at  the  Mt.  Pleasant  mine, 
near  Grizzly  Flat.  Development  work  is 
being  done  on  the  500-foot  level. 

W.  E.  Everson,  of  Elk  Grove,  superin- 
tendent of  the  El  Dorado  C.  M.  Co.  at 
Georgetown,  says  sinking  the  three-com- 
partment shaft  will  be  started  as  soon  as 
the  necessary  machinery  can  be  set  up. 
Steam  power  will  be  used  for  hoisting. 

The  Union  mine,  which  was  closed  down 
owing  to  the  organization  of  a  union  at  El 
Dorado,  has  resumed  with  C.  Cantrell  as 
foreman. 

KERN  COUNTY. 

F.  S.  Jones  and  B.  Summers  are  work- 
ing the  Wedge  and   Klnyon   mines,  near 

Randsburg,  under  lease  for  one  year 

The  Gold  Flint  mine  in  Stringer  district, 
near  Randsburg,  has  been  leased  to  A.  E. 
Sanderson  for  one  year  at  10%  royalty, 
with  an  option  to  purchase  for  $5000.  It 
Is  Intended  to  sink  and  crosscut. 

LOS    ANGELES    COUNTY. 

The  holdings  of  the  Puente  Oil  Co.  and 
the  light  oil  territory  of  the  Columbia 
Oil  Producing  Co.  have  been  consolidated. 
It  Includes  4700  acres  of  oil  lands;  the 
Puente  company's  oil  refinery  at  Chino 
with  refining  capacity  of  800  barrels  dally; 
15  miles  of  3  Inch  pipe  line  from  the  wells 
at  Puente  toChlno;  eighty-five  producing 
welU;  six  pumping  plants;  ten  drilling 
outfits,  and  steel  tanks  of  100,000  barrels 
capacity.  The  present  output  of  light 
oil  from  this  district  Is  estimated  at 
20,000  barrels  per  month.  The  oil  pro- 
duced by  the  lands  of  this  combine  Is  of  32°- 
34°  Baume  specific  gravity.  The  consoli- 
dated company  will  be  the  Puente  Oil  Co., 
with  W.  R.  Rowland,  president,  and  W. 
B.  Scott,  vice-president  and  general  field 
superintendent.  The  Columbia  company 
retainB  Its  heavy  grade  oil  territory  on 
which  It  has  nine  wells  producing  4000 
barrels  per  month.  The  new  company 
will  increase  Its  capacity  both  In  the  field 
and  at  the  Chino  refinery. 

NEVADA  COUNTY. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Cassidy 
mine,  1  mile  southeast  of  Grass  Valley,  by 
P.  &  J.  Feeny,  J.  Irish,  H.  Stewart,  P. 
CaBsIdy  and  P.  Cannon.'  The  mine  is  be- 


tween the  Empire  and  Pennsylvania 
mines. 

The  Fountain  Head  M.  C.  Co.  of  Ne 
vada  City  has  bonded  its  holdings  to  the 
Phelps  Hill  M.  &  Dev.  Co  ,  of  which  C.  A. 
Poage  is  local  manager.  Poage  also  has 
an  option  on  the  Cold  Spring  mine,  ad- 
joining. 

The  Red  Cross  and  Huron  mining  com- 
panies, near  Nevada  City,  have  been  con- 
solidated, says  Superintendent  W.  H. 
Bray  of  the  Posey  and  Huron  mines.  The 
20-8tamp  mill  on  the  Red  Cross  will  be 
used  to  crush  ore  from  both  the  Red 
Cross  and  Examiner  properties.  A  tram- 
way will  be  built  to  transport  the  ore 
from  the  Examiner  shaft  to  the  mill, 
while  the  Red  Cross  will  be  worked  by 
tunnel.  W.  H.  Bray  is  manager  and  vice- 
president  of  the  consolidated  company. 
PLACER  COUNTY. 

The  Sacramento  Dredging  Co.,  which 
has  a  plant  on  the  American  river  near 
Colfax,  reports  work  progressing,  and 
tbey  have  completed  the  flume  and  put  In 
a  water  wheel  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river,  which  1b  to  operate  the  pump  that 
supplies  water  for  washing  out  the  gold, 
says  the  Colfax  Sentinel. 

The  company  that  attempted  to  un- 
water  the  Chicago  mine  at  Penryn  has 
abandoned  the  operation,  having  found 
the  pump  Insufficient,  and  the  prospects 
did  not  warrant  more  machinery,  says  the 
Auburn  Herald. 

PLUMAS  COUNTY. 

J.  C.  Raamussen  and  H.  C.  Brown  of 
San  Francisco  are  preparing  for  develop- 
ment of  the  Hope  mine  in  Nelson  Point 
district. 

SHASTA  COUNTY. 

The  Calumet  mine  on  Quartz  Hill,  near 
Redding,  is  being  reopened  by  the  Quartz 
Hill  G.  M.  Co.,  with  W.  O'Donald  as  su- 
perintendent, says  the  Redding  Free 
Press. 

SISKIYOU  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —  Manager 
Brokaw,  operating  the  Golden  Eagle  mine 
on  Indian  creek,  6  miles  from  Fort  Jones, 
reports  work  progressing.  On  July  12th 
he  began  work  of  putting  in  an  engine, 
boiler  and  hoists,  and  on  Oct.  1st  had  sunk 
a  two-compartment  shaft  150  feet,  and 
drifted  100  feet,  both  being  partially  tim- 
bered. This  work  was  done  with  one  baby 
machine  drill,  operated  by  steam  (in  the 
drift,  the  exhaust  was  carried  back  to  the 
shaft),  and  three  shifts,  two  men  per  shift, 
underground.      The  formation    is    slate. 

At  the  Brokaw  mine  In   Hull  Gulch, 

Manager  Brokaw  has  six  stamps  drop- 
ping. The  shaft  Is  down  150  feet  and  sink- 
ing continues.  The  compressor  Is  run  by 
water  power,  and  the  mill,  hoist,  pumps, 
drills,  etc.,  are  all  operated  by  air. 

Morrison  &  Carlock,  In  Quartz  valley, 
7  miles  from  Fort  Jones,  are  dropping  five 
stamps  on  high-grade  ore,  crushing  nine 
tone  per  stamp  per  day.  They  are  work- 
ing seven  levels  (50  feet  apart),  all  hand 
drilling,  and  have  sixty-five  men  on  the 
payroll. 

At  the  Sheba  mine,  on  Pattison  creek, 
operations  have  resumed  after  an  idleness 
of  two  years.  Ten  stamps  are  dropping. 
The  Schroeder  mine,  at  head  of  Dead- 
wood  gulch,  Is  hung  up  temporarily. 

The  H.  J.  Diggles  Estate  Co.  is  opening 
up  the  Big  Ledge  mine  In  Quartz  valley. 
The  tunnel  is  In  30  feet  on  a  16-inch 
stringer,  and  is  expected  to  cut  the  main 
ledge  at  150  feet  and  depth  of  250  feet. 
The  main  ledge  is  4  feet  wide,  and  assays 
$4  in  free  gold,  with  0.7%  sulphides.    The 

16  Inch  stringer  assays  $24  In  gold. The 

same  company  is  also  preparing  to  reopen 
the  Hoboken  mine  on  Cherry  Hill,  and 
will  cut  the  ore  bodleB  with  a  500-foot  tun- 
nel, giving  250  feet  of  backs.  Ore  from 
this  vein  milled  $10  per  ton  free  gold,  with 
6%  sulphides,  which  assayed  $80.  Cherry 
Hill  Is  near  Fort  Jones  and  8  miles  from 

Yreka. At  the  Cherry   Hill  mine,  on 

Cherry  Hill,  preparations  are  being  made 
to  put  In  electrical  power. 

The  power  plant  on  Fall  creek  (tribu- 
tary to  Klamath  river)  Is  furnishing  elec- 
tric lights  and  power  to  the  Scott  mine  on 
Indian  creek,  Scott  valley,  near  Fort 
Jones,  and  12  miles  from  Yreka.  They 
have  a  10-stamp  mill  In  operation. Sev- 
eral other  mines  are  preparing  to  put  in 
electric  power. 

Yreka,  Oct.  7. 

TRINITY    COUNTY. 

R.  Hicks,  superintendent  of  the  Moun- 
tain Boomer  mine  at  New  River,  near 
Junction  City,  reports  shipping  last  week 
a  $3000  gold  bar,  the  product  of  eighteen 
days'  run  with  a  3  stamp  mill.  There  are 
twenty-two  men  at  work,  and  a  Hunting- 
ton mill  la  being  set  up.  The  Boba  Farm 
M.  Co.  Is  owner.  The  ledge  is  20  Inches 
in  width.  A  tunnel  will  be  started  from 
the  mill  level,  which  will  tap  the  ledge  at 
a  depth  of  800  feet. 

TUOLUMNE  COUNTY. 

Tyer  and  Watson  are  taking  out  ore 
from  the  Jewel  mine,  near  Big  Oak  Flat. 

The  Black   Hawk   mine  on   the  Davis 


ranch,  near  Souls  by  v  ills,  has  been  bonded 
to  C.  H.  Gllnes  and  E.  M.  Cavanaugh. 
They  are  unwatering  the  Bhaft,  after 
which  development  will  be  resumed. 

A  company  consisting  of  W.  H.  Rich- 
ardson and  G  Bartlett  of  Kings  county, 
and  Walter  King  of  Sonora,  has  bought 
a  group  of  three  quartz  claims  on  Turn- 
back creek,  near  Carters,  being  the  Mon- 
itor, Mountain  Chief  and  Turnback;  also 
the  Grizzly  mine  on  the  Berger  ranch.  A 
10  stamp  mill  will  be  built  and  one  battery 
will  be  dropping  stamps  by  December  lat. 
The  properties  will  be  worked  by  tunnel. 

Operations  have  resumed  at  the  Doyle 
gravel  mine,  near  Columbia,  under  bond 
to  W.  S.  Estey  after  a  temporary  suspen- 
sion. 

J.  Barry  and  E.  Sharpe  have  taken 
over  the  Hughes  Interest  in  a  bond  on  the 
Josephine  quartz  mine,  near  the  Jones 
and  Brown  Bird  claims,  below  Algerine. 

J.  P.  Beckett  of  Oakland  has  bought  a 
one-elxth   Interest  in  the  Golden  Thread 

quartz  mine,  near  Algerine. B.  Kollch 

of  Columbia  has  bought  forty  acres  near 
Yankee  Hill,  being  the  southern  portion 

of  the  Gold   Nugget  placer  claim. V. 

Glanella  of  Carters  has  bought  the  Wild 
Duck  quartz  claim,  7  miles  southeast  of 
Carters. 

The  California  Consols,  Ltd.,  an  English 
company,  has  bought  the  Leviathan 
quartz  mine,  the  north  extension  of  the 
Louisiana  quartz  mine;  also  the  Park  & 
Mason  mine,  near  Coultervllle,  says  the 
Independent. 

S.  W.  Blakely  of  San  Joaquin  for  $6500 
has  bought  the  John  Royal  quartz   mine 

on  the   Day  ranch,  near  Columbia. T. 

F.  Temple  of  Boston,  Mass  ,  for  $3500  has 
bought  the  Porto  Fino  quartz  mine,  near 
Cherokee  and  south  of  theCarlotta  mine, 
near  Carters. 

The  Mandervllle  shaft  at  the  Don  Pedro 
mine,  near  Chinese  Camp,  Is  being  sunk 
200  feet  deeper,  says  President  W.  H.  Mc- 
Cllntook. 

A  few  men  are  at  work  in  the  Hard 
Tack  mine,  on  Hunter  creek,  near  Car- 
ters, preparing  to  resume  operations. 
The  property  Is  equipped  with  a  2  stamp 
mill 

At  the  Providence  mine,  near  Carters, 
ore  Is  being  sent  to  the  mill  from  the 
third  level,  which  Is  400  feet  below  the 
surface.  It  is  from  the  north  drift  which 
has  been  run  on  a  shoot.  The  diamond 
drill  is  still  on  exploration  work.    The 

mine  is  1200  feet  deep. At  the  Garfield 

mine,  which  adjoins  the  Providence  on 
the  north,  a  vein  of  ribbon  rock  is  being 
developed.  The  property  is  being  worked 
by  a  tunnel,  in  400  feet.  A  raise  to  the 
surface  at  a  point  350  feet  from  the  mouth 
of  the  tunnel  affords  ventilation.  Ten 
men  are  at  work  In  the  mine,  and  ore  U 
being  taken  out  In  the  face  of  the  tunnel. 
A  tramway  900  feet  in  length  has  been 
built  from  the  tunnel  to  the  Grizzly  mill, 
and  the  stamps  began  dropping  this  week. 
YUBA     COUNTY. 

Manager  Hill  says  preparations  are  be- 
ing made  to  reopen  the  Paddy  Campbell 
mine  (the  Blue  Point  mine)  at  Smartsvllle. 
A  change  of  plans  has  been  made  neces- 
sary on  account  of  the  refusal  of  the  Cali- 
fornia Debris  Commission  to  grant  a  per- 
mit to  remove  by  sluice  process  the  waste 
material  in  the  bed  of  the  claim.  Several 
miles  of  flume  and  ditch  will  be  built. 

W.  P.  Hammon,  operating  gold  dredg- 
ing plants  at  Orovllle,  in  Butte  county, 
la  preparing  to  put  in  two  dredgers  which 
will  cost  $100,000  each,  to  be  used  on  the 
Yuba  river  near  Marysvllle. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence). — While  min- 
ing, on  account  of  labor  difficulties 
In  several  parts  of  the  State,  la  prac- 
tically at  a  standstill,  yet  it  is  the 
opinion  of  many  that  within  thirty  days, 
perhaps  Iobs,  everything  will  be  running 
smoothly.  At  Tellurlde,  In  San  Miguel 
county,  the  situation  is  unchanged.  Ouray 
county  miners  have  decided  not  to  go  out 
on  strike.  At  Cripple  Creek,  Teller 
county,  the  operators  claim  to  have  1000 
men  at  work  In  the  different  mines  and 
putting  more  on  daily. 

Denver,  Oct.  5. 

CLEAR  CREEK  COUNTY. 

The  Silver  Plume  M.  &  T.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  by  H.  L.  and  L.  L.  Roberts, 
W.  H.  Stephens,  H.  H.  Noyes  and  W.  A. 
Roberts  to  operate  the  Mary  Etta  group 
of  claims  on  McClellan  mountain,  a  few 
miles  above  Silver  Plume.  The  ore  de- 
veloped Bhow8  values  in  gold  and  Bllver. 
It  is  intended  to  drive  a  tunnel  to  cut  the 
lodes  at  depth. 

The  Wisconsin  mine,  near  Silver  Plume, 
will  resume  shipments,  as   the  raise  from 
the  lower    to  the  upper  level  has  been 
completed,  opening  up  the  ore  Bhoot. 
CUSTER  COUNTY. 

The  owners  of  the  Franklin  mine  at 
Ilee  are  making  areaurvey  of  their  bound- 
aries,  and  operations  will  be  resumed. 

G.  Avery  reports  opening  a  body  of  til- 


242 


mining  and  Scientific  press. 


October  10,  1903. 


ver  ore  In  the  Evening  Star,  north  of  Rob- 
inson hill,  near  Custer  City.  O.  W.  Mur- 
phy has  bought  the  Silver  Bow  group  and 
will  begin  development  work. 

The  cyanide  plant  of  the   Bassiok   mill, 
near  Silver  Cliff,  has  resumed. 
DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

The  West  Creek  &  Council  Grove  M.  & 
M.  Co.,  which  owns  twenty-four  claims  in 
northern  Teller  county  and  southern 
Douglas,  reports  opening  up  a  body  of 
ore  20  feet  wide  on  Thunder  butte,  near 
Pemberton,  near  the  Teller  county  line. 
Five  feet  are  of  zinc  ore.  The  shaft  on 
the  Bald  Eagle  has  been  sunk  to  a  depth 
of  200  feet  and  lateral  work  is  under  way. 
Mill  tests  gave  returns  of  $21  in  gold  to 
the  ton.  It  iB  proposed  to  build  a  50-ton 
cyanide  mill. 

EL  PASO   COUNTY. 

The  Telluride  reduction  mill  at  Colo- 
rado City,  which  was  forced  to  cease  op- 
erations seven  weeks  ago  by  a  strike  of  its 
union  employes  and  subsequent  shortage 
of  ore  occasioned  by  the  Cripple  Creek 
strike,  will  resume  operations  next  week 
with  non-union  men,  says  Superintendent 
Groves.    The  mill  is  receiving  ore  daily. 

Beoause  of  a  demand  for  an  eight-hour 
day  and  a  20%  increase  per  ton  for  mining 
coal,  the  miners  in  the  principal  coal 
mines  north  of  Colorado  Springs  are  re- 
ported out  on  strike. 

OILPIN  COUNTY. 

The  Mont  d'Oro  M.  &  M.  Co.  has 
bought  for  $1000  the  New  Century,  Patty 
Felix  and  Smuggler  lodes,  in  Quartz  Val- 
ley district,  a  mile  north  of  Central  City. 
Machinery  will  be  put  in. 

GUNNISON  COUNTY. 

Near  White  Pine,  the  Akron  M.  Co.  has 
struck  a  body  of  carbonate  ore  in  its 
tunnel  which  Is  mined  at  700  feet  depth. 
The  company  has  three  four-horse  teams 
hauling  coal  and  timber. 

The  Anna  Silver  M.  Co.  will  resume 
work  on  its  group,  near  Tin  Cup,  which 
has  been  idle  for  several  years.  It  con- 
sists of  the  Anna  Dedricka  mine,  on  Anna 
mountain.  The  values  are  in  gold  and 
Bilver,  with  enough  lead  to  make  it  a  desir- 
able smelting  product.  It  is  intended  to 
resume  shipments  as  soon  as  the  railroad 
reacheB  Tin  Cup.  The  principal  stock- 
holders are  E.  A.  Nash  of  Avon,  N.  Y.; 
J.  V.  Farwell  &  Co.  and  F.  McVeigh  & 
Co.  of  Chicago,  III.;  I.E.  Blake  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  and  W.  L.  Beardsley  of 
New  York. 

JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 
The  Diamond  Match  Co.  reports  pre- 
paring to  develop  a  discovery  of  placer 
gold  deposits  near  Golden.  While  dig- 
ging wells  near  the  creek  it  was  found  that 
at  depth  of  300  feet  bedrock  was  struck, 
and  panning  the  gravel  showed  gold.  The 
company  has  taken  over  the  land  and  will 
put  In  five  steam  dredgers. 

LAKE  COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Prepara- 
tions are  under  way  for  driving  a  tunnel, 
|  of  a  mile  in  length,  through  Mosquito 
range,  connecting  Horseshoe  gulch  on  the 
Fairplay  side  with  Leadville.  J.  A.  Shlnn 
is  manager  and  a  company  has  been  or- 
ganized. 

Leadville,  Oct.  5. 

The  Rio  Grande  Railroad  has  completed 
a  spur  to  the  Diamond  mine,  near  Lead- 
ville, and  shipments  are  being  increased. 

The  average  daily  output  is  150  tons. 

The  Two  Bit  M.  Co.  has  closed  down  tem- 
porarily, but  plans  are  under  way  for  re- 
suming operations  with  increased  develop- 
ment. A  vein  of  gold-copper  ore  has  been 
opened. 

J.  Shinn  and  W.  F.  Deaner,  for  Illinois 
men,  have  taken  up  their  option  on  the 
La  Plata  mine  on  Rock  Hill,  near  Lead- 
ville. A  new  shaft  wili  be  Bunk  on  the 
south  end  of  the  property  to  a  depth  of 
350  feet.  The  holdings  cover  fifty-two 
acres. 

Leadville  reports  say  the  Improvement 
in  the  price  of  silver  is  being  felt  In  the 
district.  It  will  affect  first  the  large  sil- 
ver producers  which  have  large  reserves 
of  ore  blocked  out,  which  did  not  pay  to 
ship  with  silver  much  below  60  cents.  This 
1b  particularly  the  case  in  the  oxidized 
iron  properties.  The  increase  in  price  of 
silver  by  10  cents  an  ounce  makes  a  differ- 
ence of  60  cents  to  $1  a  ton  on  average 
Iron  ore.  On  the  lowest  grades  of  iron 
the  margin  of  profit  is  25  cents  a  ton,  so 
that  the  present  improvement  means  an 
increase  in  iron  tonnage. 

LA  PLATA  COUNTY. 

B.  N  Freeman  of  the  Durango  Oil  Co., 
operating  near  Durango,  says  after 
drilling  a  number  of  holes  with  va- 
ried success,  they  are  now  in  the  first 
oil  sands  at  a  depth  of  800  feet  and  a 
steady  flow  is  being  obtained.  In  addition 
to  the  oil  well  they  have  acquired  coal 
lands  which  they  are  also  working. 
OURAY    COUNTY. 

A  strike  of  gold  ore  is  reported  made  by 
R.  Porteus  in  the  Floyd  claim  in  Mount 


Sneffels  district,  4  miles  southwest  of 
Ouray.  The  ore  iB  14  Inches  in  width  and 
runs  high  in  gold,  with  good  values  in 
Bilver  and  copper.  The  strike  was  made 
in  crosscutting  the  vein  at  breast  of  tun- 
nel, 260  feet  from  portal.  The  owners  of 
the  Floyd  are  Porteus,  Henry  &  Sigfrid 
of  Ouray  and  D.  Floyd  of  Denver.  One 
of  the  group,  the  Queen  Bee,  has  shipped 
ore  that  ran  800  ounceB  in  silver  and  $16 
in  gold  to  the  ton.  Development  work 
will  be  increased.  Ample  water  supply  is 
at  hand  for  power  purposes. 

SAN  JUAN  COUNTY. 
It  is  reported  that  the  Bandora-Little 
Todd   group,  near  Silverton,  will  reBume. 

SAN  MIGUEL  COUNTY. 
The  one-half  interest  in  the  Calvenite- 
Sylvanite-Patzite  group,  near  Ophir,  has 
been  sold  to  F.  Maumey  of  Telluride. 

SUMMIT  COUNTY. 

W.  Mitchell,  manager  of  the  Brecken- 
ridge  branch  sampler  of  theChamberlain- 
Dillingham  Ore  Purchasing  Co.  has  a 
lease  on  the  Double-Standard  lode  on 
Mount  Baldy,  near  Breckenridge.  There 
are  several  tunnels  on  the  group  from 
which  lead  ore  has  been  shipped.  It  also 
carries  gold  and  silver  values. 

The  Graff  mine,  on  the  lower  end  of 
Copper  mountain,  near  Wheeler,  Is  being 
reopened  under  lease  to  Hogan  &  Keogh, 
who  have  exposed  a  body  of  lead  ore  at 
the  surface.  They  are  driving  a  tunnel 
300  feet  to  gain  depth  on  the  vein. 

Near  Kokomo  the  Iron  Mask  mine  1b 
putting  in  machinery,  says  D.  M.  Masters, 
who  has  a  lease  and  bond .  The  workings 
will  be  unwatered. 

A  bond  has  been  given  on  the  Victoria- 
Eureka  group,  near  Frisco,  and  the  Ha- 
sontown  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been  organized 
to  operate  it.  The  group  of  claims  covers 
an  area  of  115  acres.  The  incorporators 
are  J.  V.  Hoover  of  Masontown,  Pa, 
S.  R.  Provins  of  Greensborough,  Pa  ,  and 
A.  E.  Reables  of  Denver.  About  2000  feet 
of  work  has  been  done  in  the  mine  and  a 
body  of  low-grade  free  gold  ore  haB  been 
opened.  A  stamp  mill  will  be  placed  at 
the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  this  fall.  The 
concentrates  from  the  mill  will  be  cya- 
nided. 

TELLER  COUNTY. 

The  following  table  gives  the  amount  of 
ore  treated  from  Cripple  Creek  district 
for  month  of  September,  and  its  value,  by 
the  mills  and  the  smelters: 

Total 
Tons.         Value. 

Magna  Charta 150  $600 

Globe 1,500  6,000 

Jordan 600  4,200 

Other  cyanide  mills 500  2,500 

Ingham 1,500  6,000 

Smelters 2,200  132,000 

Portland 9,000         270,000 

U.S.R&R 1,500  40,500 

Dorcas 1,800  68,400 

Economic 3,400  72,000 

Total 22,150        $601,200 

The  total  value  was  $381,275  less  than 
for  month  of  August. 

The  plant  of  the  Chicken  Hawk  mine 
on  Guyot  hill,  near  Cripple  Creek,  has 
been  placed  in  position  and  is  expected  to 
be  In  operation  this  week.  It  has  capacity 
of  180  H.  P. 

The  El  Paso  mine  on  Beacon  hill,  Crip- 
ple Creek,  is  making  average  daily  pro- 
duction of  35  tons  of  ore  running  $50  per 
ton.  Manager  Bainbridge,  in  addition  to 
breaking  this  ore,  Is  doing  development. 
The  drainage  tunnel  is  being  driven  on  into 
the  hill.  Drifting  in  the  third  level  (475 
feet  from  surface),  and  on  the  C.  K.  &  N. 
vein,  is  progressing  In  both  directions. 

The  Portland  mine  at  Victor,  operated 
by  the  Portland  G.  M.  Co.,  J.  F.  Burns 
president  and  manager,  is  outputting 
daily  an  average  of  300  tons,  all  of  which 
Is  treated  at  the  company  mill  at  Colorado 
City.  The  ore  is  broken  in  the  levels  from 
the  1000-foot  point  up  to  the  surface.  A 
large  number  of  men  have  been  put  on 
development  work,  and  the  payroll  of  the 
Portland  now  has  the  names  of  530  men. 
The  Times  says  the  mill  at  Colorado  City 
will  be  doubled  in  capacity,  and  also  that 
the  acreage  the  company  owns  is  to  be 
added  to. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Sampling  &  Ore  Co., 
owners  of  the  Black  sampler  at  Goldfield, 
resumed  operations  with  twenty  men  last 
week.  The  major  portion  of  the  ore 
treated  by  this  plant  comes  from  the 
Stratton's  Independence.  There  are  180 
men  at  work  on  the  Independence,  and  a 
night  shift  will  be  put  on  next  week,  add- 
ing 60  more  men,  Bays  Manager  Cornish. 

Th6re  is  being  shipped  out  from  the 

three  samplers — Eagle,  Rio  Grande  and 
Taylor  &  Brunton — 400  tons  of  ore  daily. 

The  number  of  men  given  out  by  the 
Mine  Owners'  Association  on  the  2d  Inst, 
as  being  employed  on  mines  in  Cripple 
Creek  district,  now  under  ban  of  Western 
Federation  of  Miners,  is  1160.  This  num- 
ber is  being  added  to  daily.    A  number  of 


Cceur  d'Alene  miners  from  Idaho  have 
been  brought  in. 

IDAHO. 

BLAINE  COUNTY. 

The  Minnie  Moore  M.  Co.,  near  Halley, 
is  increasing  itB  output.  Its  manager  in- 
tends to  ship  an  average  of  1000  tons  a 
month  of  ore  averaging  $100  a  ton. 

Negotiations  are  reported  under  way 
whereby  the  Hercules  M.  Co.  at  Burke 
will  buy  the  Frisco  mine  and  mill.  The 
Hercules  Co.  has  no  mill. 

BOISE  COUNTY. 

G.  W.  Dorsey  of  Pearl  says  the  stock- 
holders of  the  United  Gold  Ledge  M.  Co  , 
which  owns  the  Blue  Bucket  mine,  the 
Idaho  G.  Dev.  Co.,  owning  the  Osborn 
mine,  and  the  Pearl  G.  M.  Co.,  will  jointly 
build  a  custom  mill  with  capacity  of  100 
tons  of  ore  per  day.  It  will  be  built  on 
the  Payette  river  and  ore  conveyed  to  it 
on  aerial  tramways  operated  by  electric- 
ity. It  is  said  the  ore  can  be  taken  from 
the  mines  to  the  mill  by  this  means  for  8 
cents  per  ton.  Work  will  be  started  this 
month. 

A  100-ton  reduction  plant  will  be  put  in 
on  the  Osborne  mine  at  Horseshoe  Bend, 
and  work  on  the  buildings  began  this 
week,  says  Manager  M.  E.  Hopkins 
of  Idaho  City  of  the  Idaho  G.  M.  Dev. 
Co.,  which  owns  the  property. 

KOOTENAI  COUNTY. 

Copper  ore  is  being  opened  up  on  the 
Little  North  Fork  of  the  Cceur  d'Alene 
river,  10  miles  above  Cataldo,  by  the  Little 
North  Fork  M.  &  M.  Co., .says  the  Spokes- 
man-Review. There  are  six  claims  in  the 
group.  A  tunnel  is  being  driven  on  one 
and  is  In  220  feet.  In  the  face  of  the  tun- 
nel there  are  5  feet  of  copper  ore  showing, 
15%  copper,  $11  in  gold  and  four  ounces 
silver.  This  ore  was  taken  from  the  face 
of  the  tunnel  at  depth  of  100  feet.  The 
tunnel  will  be  driven  on  the  ledge  500  feet 
farther,  reaching  depth  of  300  feet.  H.  L. 
Alward  is  superintendent.  The  property 
is  owned  by  Wardner  men. 

LEMHI  COUNTY. 

The  enlarged  mill  of  the  Klttie  Burton 
M.  Co.  will  be  in  operation  by  November 
1st.  The  fifteen  additional  stamps  have 
reached  the  mine  at  Ulysses  and  are  being 
set  up. 

OWYHEE  COUNTY. 

A.  Muntzing  of  Colorado,  president  of 
the  Imperial  M.  Co.,  operating  near  Sil- 
ver City,  says  they  have  discontinued 
sinking  the  shaft  the  second  hundred  feet 
until  a  hoist  is  put  in.  In  the  meantime 
drifting  will  be  continued  south  at  the 
100-foot  level.  Superintendent  Stoddard 
has  this  drift  in  75  feet. 

SHOSHONE  COUNTY. 

At  the  King  mine,  near  Murray,  Les- 
sees Bacon,  Schmidt  &  Lesher  have  un- 
watered the  shaft.  They  repaired  the 
flume  which  supplies  water  power.  They 
will  reopen  the  5-stamp  mill. 

H.  E  GInter  of  Dubois,  Pa.,  president 
of  the  New  Jersey  M.  Co  ,  operating  near 
Wardner,  says  their  10-stamp  mill  is  in 
operation,  and  they  propose  to  increase 
the  capacity  next  spring  to  forty  stamps. 
A  flume  8000  feet  long  carries  water  power 
to  the  mill,  and  a  2000-foot  tramway  con- 
veys ore  from  the  mine.  A  body  of  free 
milling  gold  ore  has  been  opened  up  to  a 
depth  of  200  feet  with  shafts  and  tunnels. 

ILLINOIS. 

The  Ohio  Valley  Zinc,  Lead  &  Spar  Co. 
haB  been  organized  in  New  York  City  to 
operate  a  group  of  properties  near  the 
Lavendar,  Montgomery,  Rosiclare  and 
other  mines  in  the  Ohio  river  valley, 
in  Pope  and  Hardin  counties,  which 
carry  zinc,  lead  and  fluorspar,  the  latter 
predominating.  A.  Greig,  F.  B.  Lord, 
G.  J.  Nicholson,  M.  Abbott,  T.  F.  Good- 
rich, N.  McPhatter,  C.  Sykes,  H.  A. 
Lloyd,  C.  S.  McKenzte  and  R  M.  Nugent 
are  incorporators.  F.  B.  Lord  of  Rose- 
ville,  N.  J.,  is  vice-president  and  manager. 

LOUISIANA. 

CALCASIEN  COUNTY. 
Manager  R.  H,  Childs  of  the  Central  OH 
&  R.  Co.  of  Welsh  says  one  unit  of  their 
refinery  will  be  ready  for  operation  by 
Nov.  15,  with  capacity  of  250  barrels  per 
day.  The  entire  plant  will  be  in  operation 
by  Jan.  1,  with  total  capacity  of  4000  bar- 
rels per  day. 

MICHIGAN. 

HOUGHTON  COUNTY. 
The  Baltic  mine  of  the  Copper  Range 
Con.  C.  Co  ,  north  of  Painesdale,  Is  being 
further  opened  up  to  secure  a  larger 
monthly  production.  It  Ib  expected  the 
October  output  will  reach  47,000  tons, 
which  is  2000  tons  better  than  for  Septem- 
ber. The  Trimountain  openings,  when 
continued,  will  afford  a  connection  with 
the  south  drifts  at  Baltic,  thereby  opening 
considerable  undeveloped  territory.  The 
September  output    of    the    Baltic   mine 


yielded  674  tons  refined    copper. The 

output  of  the  Champion  mine  for  month 
of  September  was  734  tons  refined  copper. 

During  September  the  Atlantic  mine, 
south  of  Houghton,  maintained  a  yield  of 
twenty  pounds  of  mineral  to  the  ton  of 
rock  stamped.  The  burning  of  the  shaft 
house  reduced  the  rock  supply  so  that  the 
milling  capacity  was  reduced  one-tenth, 
yet  the  mine  gave  a  yield  of  345  tons  1000 
pounds  copper,  exceeding  its  best  pre- 
vious record  by  twenty  tons. 

The  September  product  of  the  Wolver- 
ine mine  at  Kearsarge  amounted  to  522 
tons  638  pounds  of  copper.  Operations 
were  interfered  with  during  the  month 
by  trouble  with  logs  at  the  pumping  sta- 
tion. 

The  September  product  of  the  Winona 
mine  at  Winona  amounted  to  41  tons  of 
copper.  The  management  is  concentrat- 
ing work  en  No.  3  shaft,  which  is  being 
opened  up. 

The  Michigan  Smelting  Co.  has  started 
work  on  the  superstructure  of  its  power 
hduse  and  machine  shop  near  Houghton, 
says  the  News.  Foundations  for  the 
smelter  building  are  completed. 
KEWEENAW  COUNTY. 

The  Phoenix  mill,  near  Phoenix,  is  in 
full  operation  with  satisfactory  results, 
says  the  News. 

ONTONAGON  COUNTY. 
A  45-drlll  compressor  is  being  set  up  at 
the  Michigan  mine  at  Rockland  and  is 
expected  to  be  in  commission  by  the  time 
rock  shipments  start  from  the  Michigan 
to  the  Mass  mill. 

MISSOURI 

JASPER  COUNTY. 

T.  F.  Coyne  has  begun  work  with  a 
drill  prospecting  the  southwest  forty  of 
the  Missouri  zinc  fields  tract,  near  Joplin, 

says  the  News-Herald. The  Ishpeming 

M.  Co.,  operating  2  miles  south  of  Reeds, 

is  planning  to  build  a  100  ton  mill The 

Scotia  mine  on  the  Missouri  zinc  fields  has 
started  up  again  after  a  temporary  shut- 
down on  account  of  recribbing  the  shaft. 

Tbe  Lester  tract  of  eighty  acres,  2  miles 
southwest  of  Carthage,  is  being  devel- 
oped. Three  drill  holes  have  been  put 
down  on  the  west  forty  acres,  and  mineral 
found  in  all  of  them  at  depth  ranging 
from  190  to  210  feet.  The  drillings  from 
the  last  hole  sunk  show  both  lead  and  zinc 
ore.   The  land  is  owned  by  G.  B.  Allen  and 

B.  Parkell  of  St.  Louis. 

The  Basch-Scogln  M.  Co.  and  the 
Thames  M.  Co.  have  consolidated  under 
name  of  the  Midway  Con.  Co.  The  Basch- 
Scogin  M.  Co.  has  a  sub-lease  from  the 
American  Z  ,  L.  &  S.  Co.  on  the  Midway 
tract,  near  Joplin.  The  Thames  M.  Co. 
has  a  sub-lease  from  the  Basch-Scogln  M. 
Co.  The  object  is  to  operate  the  two 
mines  and  mills  and  pumping  plant  under 
one  management.  Power  for  both  mills  Is 
furnished  from  the  boilers  that  furnish 
power  for  the  pump.  The  consolidated 
company  will  put  in  three  steam  drills. 
With  the  pump  they  expect  to  control 
the  water  during  the  wet  season. 

MONTANA 

BEAVERHEAD   COUNTY. 

Molybdenum  is  reported  found  on  the 
upper  lake  in  Birch  creek,  35  miles  from 
Dillon,  and  locations  have  been  made  by 
A.  French,  J.  McKay  et  al.  of  Dillon.  It 
is  proposed  to  organize  a  company  to 
develop  the  prospects  and  build  a  concen- 
trating plant,  says  the  Dillon  Tribune. 
L.  D.  Graeter  of  Dillon  is  manager. 

Manager  A.  J.  Noyes  says  he  is  prepar- 
ing to  put  in  a  10-stamp  mill  at  the  Ajax 
mine,  near  Dillon.  The  mill  is  to  be 
ready  for  work  November  1st.  The  stamps 
weigh  1050  pounds  each. 

GRANITE  COUNTY. 

Certain  litigation  having  been  settled, 
the  Hope  M.  Co.,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  will 
resume  work  in  the  Hope  mine,  and  start 
up  the  Hope  mill,  near  Philllpsburg.  Men 
are  at  work  on  the  mill.  By  the  terms  of 
the  settlement  Boyd  &  Ringling  relinquish 
all  claim  to  the  ground  covered  by  the 
Fraction  lode,  for  a  consideration  of  $2800. 
JEFFERSON  COUNTY. 

The  Pennsylvania  &  Montana  M.  Co. 
has  been  incorporated  by  H.  Maskrey  and 

C.  White  of  Mercer,  Pa.,  J.  H.  and  M.  S. 
Hildebrand  of  Basin,  and  J.  Pearson  of 
Butte,  to  operate  a  group  of  claims  in 
Cataract  district  near  the  Eva  May  mine, 
near  Basin. 

SILVER  BOW  COUNTY. 
The  Green-Campbell  Con.  G  M  Co  has 
been  Incorporated,  with  principal  place  of 
business  in  Butte.  The  following  are  di- 
rectors: A.  D.  Field  of  Waterbury,  Conn. ; 
J.  McBarron  of  Whitehall,  Mont.,  and  T. 
T.  Baker,  W.  F.  Davis  and  E.  B.  Howell 
of  Butte. 

NEVADA 

ELKO   COUNTY. 

The  smelter  of  the  Latham  mines  at 
Spruce  mountain,    near   Clover,  south  of 


October  10,  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


243 


Wells,  will  be  remodeled  and  operations 
resumed,    gays  the  Nevada  State  Journal. 

ESMERALDA   COUNTY. 

Crocker  &  Salsberry  have  an  option  on 
the  JaggerB  &  McAffee  mines,  In  Tula 
Canyon  district,  18  miles  west  of  Tokop, 
southeast  of  Silver  Peak.  There  are 
eleven  claims  in  the  two  groups  and  a  5- 
stamp  mill  is  on  tbe  property.  On  the 
Jaggers  tbe  vein  has  been  tapped  by  a 
tunnel  at  a  depth  of  170  feet  from  the  sur- 
face, tbe  vein  showing  from  6  inches  to  3 
feet  in  width.  The  ore  Is  free  milling. 
There  Is  plenty  of  wood  and  water  near 
by,  and  the  mill  will  be  running  next 
week,  says  A.  J.  Crocker  of  Tonopah, 
who  has  put  twelve  men  to  work  on  the 
group. 

The  first  shipment  of  ore  to  the  smelt- 
ers from  the  copper  mines  north  of  Soda- 
vllle  has  been  made.  Assays  sbow  11% 
copper,  S12  In  gold  and  a  small  percentage 
of  silver. 

EUREKA   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Fletcher 
Bros ,  while  doing  assessment  work  on 
their  Snowbound  claim  in  the  Diamond 
range,  near  Eureka,  report  opening  up  25 
feet  of  ledge  matter,  carrying  35%  zinc, 
8%  lead,  with  traces  of  silver  and  gold. 
They  are  negotiating  with  Eastern  men 
for  working  the  prospect. 

The  mines  in  Eureka  district  will  con- 
tinue ore  shipments  throughout  the  win- 
ter   season. At    the    Keystone    mine, 

northwest  of  Eureka,  tbey  are  running  a 
"00  foot  tunnel  to  tap  ledge  on  contact  be- 
tween shale  and  quartzite.  The  Keystone 
is  under  $35,000  bond  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  men,  and  is  taking  out  ore  from 
shaft,  which  is  reduced  in  small  furnace 
on  the  ground. 

The  Diamond  mine  iB  being  opened  up  by 
new  tunnel,  and  ore  shipments  running  $40 
per  ton  (values  carried  by  lead  carbonate) 
are  being   made  to  Salt   Lake  .smelters. 

T.  V.  Matthews,  leaBing  the  Rossi  and 

Sir!  mine  at  Hamilton,  will  put  in  a  table 

concentrator The  cyanide  mill  at  Tus- 

carora,  north  of  Palisade,  Is  working  suc- 
cessfully  on   ore   from  the   dumps. A 

new  tunnel  is  being  run  on  the  Silver  Con- 
nor mine,  near  Eureka. 

Eureka,  Oct.  6. 

LINCOLN  COUNTY. 

The  superintendent  of  the  Quartet  mine 
at  Searchlight  reports  there  arrived  from 
the  East  on  the  5th  inst.  thirty-five  strike 
breakers.  Their  coming  had  been  reported 
to  the  union  men  at  Searchlight,  and  100 
walked  from  Searchlight  to  Manvel,  Cal., 
26  miles,  to  intercept  the  new  men.  The 
Eastern  men  were  surrounded,  but  refused 
to  break  their  contracts,  and  appealed  to 
the  Bheriff  for  a  guard.  A  sheriff's  posse 
accompanied  them.  The  Quartet  mine  is 
workiog  steadily  under  guard. 

The  Chiqulta  and  Jumper  groups,  in 
the  Newberry  district,  near  Searchlight, 
have  been  bonded  to  the  Providence  Ex- 
ploration &  Development  Co.  of  Provi- 
dence, B.  I.,  for  $35,000,  and  first  pay- 
ment made. 

NYE  COUNTY. 

The  Tonopah-TJtica  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  to 
develop  a  group  In  the  Liberty  Bell  min- 
ing district.  The  officers  are  E.  E.  Jones, 
P.  B.  Stephens  and  P.  Schulte. 
STOREY   COUNTY. 

The  Butters  Cyanide  Co.  will  move  the 
four  Kinkead  crushers  in  the  Best  & 
Belcher  mill  at  Virginia  City  to  the  up- 
per floor  of  the  mill,  where  five  are  set 
up,  and  will  add  another,  making  a  total 
of  ten,  with  a  dally  ore  crushing  capacity 
of  100  tons,  the  pulp  from  which  will  be 
il iimed  to  the  company's  plant  in  Six  Mile 
canyon,  without  passing  over  the  concen- 
trating tables,  says  the  Virginia  City  Re- 
port. 

WASHOE  COUNTY. 

The  Springfield-Nevada  M.  Co.'s  mill 
at  Ollnghouse  is  in  operation,  the  water 
supply  having  Increased. 

WHITE  PINE  COUNTY. 
The  Giroux  Con.  M.  Co.  will  build  smelt- 
ing plants,  both  at  Ely  and  on  its  proper- 
ties in  tbe  state  of  Sonora,  Mexico.  A 
500-ton  plant  will  go  up  at  each  point,  says 
Manager  J.  L.  Giroux.  At  their  Ely  prop- 
erties sinking  is  in  progress  at  the  Morris, 
and  development  work  under  way  in  the 
Giroux. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

The  following  is  the  copper  production 
of  New  Mexico  for  the  past  ten  years, 
says  the  Santa  Pe  New  Mexican: 

Year—  Pounds. 

1893 280,742 

1894 31,884 

1895 143,719 

1896 2, 701, 664 

1897 701,892 

1898 1,592,371 

1899 3,935,441 

1900 4,169,400 

1901 9,629,884 

1902 6,614, 961 


GRANT  COUNTY. 

The  Gold  Gulch  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
PactoluB  and  six  other  claims  at  Gold 
Gulch,  has  development  work  under  way. 
The  shaft  of  the  Pactolus  has  been  un- 
watered  and  will  be  put  down  another  60 
feet.  A  steam  hoist  is  being  placed.  The 
Pactolus  has  a  20-inch  shoot  of  ore. 

At  the  Superior  mine,  in  Shakespeare 
district,  south  of  Lordsburg,  it  Is  reported 
work  will  be  resumed. 

SOCORRO  COUNTY. 

Operations  are  again  under  way  at  the 
Rosedale  mine,  on  the  east  side  of  the 
San  Mateo  range,  near  Socorro,  under 
the  W.  H.  Martin  Co.,  after  a  shutdown 
of  two  years.  They  have  a  10  stamp  mill 
and  cyanide  plant.  The  mine  has  a  depth 
of  740  feet,  at  which  point  the  water  level 
was  struck.  From  the  shaft  fourteen 
levels  are  run  north  and  south.  The  ore 
above  water  level  Is  free  milling.  There 
are  thirty  men  at  work.  It  is  proposed 
to  enlarge  the  mill. 

TAOS   COUNTY. 

(Special  Correspondence)  —J.  K.  Tur- 
ner, consulting  engineer  of  the  San  Cris- 
tobal C.  Co.,  operating  mines  at  Arroyo 
Seco,  has  started  construction  of  a  200- 
ton  cyanide  mill  to  treat  the  gold  ores 
that  are  free  of  copper.  The  Pueblo 
Chieftain  M.  Co.  and  the  Rio  Grande  M. 
Co.,  for  which  Turner  is  also  consulting 
engineer,  propose  to  build  cyanide  mills  of 
100  tons  capacity. 

Arroyo  Seco,  Oct.  3. 

The  Mining  Reporter,  at  Tres  Piedras, 
says  preparations  are  being  made  to  work 
the  Lower  Flat  placer  by  hydraulicklng. 
M.  J.  Gill  is  manager.  The  company  pro- 
poses to  raise  the  water  from  Eureka 
creek. 

OREGON, 

BAKER  COUNTY. 

B.  MacDonald  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  has  a 
bond  on  two  undeveloped  prospecta  near 
the  Cornucopia  mines,  at  Cornucopia,  for 
$2000.  The  claims  are  the  Champagne 
Charley  and  the  Companion. 

P.  Basche  of  Baker  City  and  O.  D.  Tay- 
lor of  The  Dalles  have  taken  a  working 
bond  and  lease  on  the  Connor  Creek  mine 
at  Connor  creek,  on  Snake  river,  10  miles 
below  Huntington.  They  are  making  a 
test  run  of  ore  through  the  35-stamp  mill 
on  the  property. 

The  Baker  group  of  mines  in  Bald 
Mountain  district,  10  miles  above  Sump- 
tar,  has  been  bonded  for  143,000  for  a  year 
to  G.  G.  Eitel  et  al.  The  group  lies  be- 
tween the  headwaters  of  McCully  fork  of 
Powder  river  and  the  head  of  Umpqua 
gulch. 

H.  Gillls  and  E.  Hayes  are  reported  to 
have  a  bond  on  the  Oneta  group  of  claims 
near  Greenhorn  for  $3000. 

The  Fortune  M.  &  S.  Co.  has  put  men 
to  work  on  the  Red  Lion  mine,  near 
Sumpter,  sayB  W.  Brady,  superintendent. 

Excavations  for  the  Blue  Bird  mill, 
near  Sumpter,  are  being  made,  says  Presi- 
dent O.  C.  Wright.  The  machinery  is  on 
the  ground. 

Sinking  below  the  1000-foot  level  at  the 
Bonanza  mine  three-compartment  shaft, 
near  Sumpter,  has  been  started.  When 
this  contract  has  been  completed  the 
Bonanza  shaft  will  have  a  total  depth  of 
1400  feet. 

The  Oregon  Blue  Gravel  M.  Co.  has 
been  organized  at  Sumpter  to  work  placer 
ground  on  the  Sumpter  townslte.  N.  C. 
Richards,  E.  S.  Topping,  A.  J.  Stlnson 
and  C.  S.  Warren  are  officers,  with  Top- 
ping as  manager.  They  control  fifty 
blocks  on  Sumpter  townsite.  In  addition 
to  this,  they  have  placer  holdings  in  the 
John  Day  valley.  Operations  will  be  be- 
gun this  month. 

A.  E.  Bryan,  superintendent  of  the 
North  American  G.  M.  Co.  of  Seattle, 
operating  the  Porcupine  group  in  Wind 
Creek  district,  near  Sumpter,  says  he  will 
put  in  an  air  compressor.  He  has  men  at 
work  putting  up  buildings.  A  road  is 
also  being  built  up  Wind  creek.  To  the 
Porcupine  holdings  the  company  has 
added  three  claims — the  Eldon,  Last  Dol- 
lar and  the  Oro  Fino.  Work  was  started 
last  week  on  a  1200-foot  crosscut,  which 
will  cut  the  five  ledges  of  the  group,  and 
will  attain  a  maximum  depth  of  1000  feet. 
DOUGLAS  COUNTY. 

Operations  are  being  resumed  on  the 
Gold  Bug  mine,  on  Mount  Reuben,  south- 
west of  Glendale,  says  Superintendent 
W.  S.  Haskins.  Additional  machinery  has 
been  put  in,  the  lower  levels  cleaned  out 
and  retimbered.  The  mill  will  also  re- 
sume. 

The  Stocks  and  Harlow  group,  near  Bo- 
hemia, 1b  in  operation  again.  Miners,  are 
at  work  blocking  out  ore  for  the  winter's 
run. 

D.  F.  Letsinger,  interested  with  N.  F. 
Wyatt  in  five  claims  on  the  ridge  near 
Cottage  Grove,  reports  development  pro- 
gressing, and  1000  feet  of  tunnel  have 
been  driven.  The  Golden  Rule  claim 
shows  width  of  ledge  18  feet.    Ledge  on 


Rambler  No.  2  gave  surface  assay  of  16. 
The  Puzzle  claim  Is  the  one  on  which  the 
main  tunnel  Is  being  driven,  and  this  is  in 
170  feet,  and  will  tap  Rambler  No  2  ledge 
at  depth  of  150  feet.  A  millslte  has  been 
located,  with  abundance  of  water  and 
wood. 

GRANT    COUNTY. 

Work  will  be  resumed  at  the  Big  Four 
mine  in  Red  Boy  district,  near  Granite, 
next  week,  says  W.  C.  Rutter  of  Seattle, 
Wash.,  president  and  general  manager  of 
the  Klttannlng  M.  Co.  They  propose  to 
drive  a  1000-foot  crosscut  tunnel  which 
will  give  a  depth  of  700  feet  on  the  vein. 
The  Big  Four  is  between  the  Red  Boy  and 
the  Cougar,  on  tbe  same  vein  system. 
There  is  a  300-foot  crosscut  to  the  main 
lead  with  300  feet  of  drifts  and  two  shaftB 
of  40  and  60  feet  on  the  vein.  There  are 
three  veins  on  the  location,  the  main  one 
of  which  averages  15  feet  wide. 
JACKSON    COUNTY. 

F.  Kalb  of  Amsterdam,  N  Y  ,  and  treas- 
urer of  the  New  York  &  Western  M.  Co  , 
reports  making  final  payment  on  the  Ore- 
gon Bell  mine  on  Forest  creek,  7  miles 
west  of  Jacksonville,  which  his  company 
bought  for  $30,000.  W.  C.  Kltto  is  super- 
intendent. It  is  intended  this  winter  to 
put  in  a  quartz  mill,  the  power  to  be  elec- 
trical. 

JOSEPHINE  COUNTY. 

The  Waratah  Minerals  Co.,  a  depart- 
ment of  the  Welabach  Gas  Fitting  Co.  of 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  is  preparing  to  put  in  a 
platinum  mining  plant  at  the  Old  Channel 
mines  on  Galiee  Creek,  near  Grant's  Pass, 
says  J.  R.  Harvey,  manager  of  the  Old 
Channel  mines.  W.  F.  Smith,  manager 
of  the  Waratah  Minerals  Co.,  has  begun 
putting  in  the  machinery.  TheBe  placers 
will  hereafter  be  operated  under  lease  by 
J.  R  Harvey,  and  will  be  known  as  "The 
Royal  Group  Mines."  Platinum  occurs  in 
these  placers  both  free  and  with  rhodium, 
osmium,  iridium  and  palladium.  The 
saving  of  the  platinum  concentrates  does 
not  Interfere  with  the  gold  mining  opera- 
tions The  Bands  and  concentrates  are 
drawn  from  the  sluice  boxes  through  a 
J  inch  grizzly,  then  spread  out  over  a 
broad  riffle  table  to  catch  the  flour  gold, 
and  later  drawn  through  a  J-inch  screen 
and  spread  over  cocoa  mat  rlffleB,  where 
the  concentrates  settle  and  are  gathered 
up.  This  system  of  undercurrents  and 
riffles  is  so  arranged  that  a  part  of  them 
can  be  cleaned  every  day  during  the  min- 
ing season.  Tbe  concentrates  are  finally 
milled  and  run  over  a  concentrating  table, 
and  they  are  valued  at  $160  a  ton  In  gold 
and  platinum,  says  the  Telegram. 
MALHEUR  COUNTY. 

Manager  J.  F.  Meikle  of  the  Black 
Eagle  M.  Co.,  near  Malheur  City,  reports 
that  they  propose  to  increase  their  mill- 
ing plant  at  the  Black  Eagle  mine,  says 
the  Democrat.  They  have  twenty  stamps 
dropping.  Either  water  or  electric  power 
will  be  added. 

MORROW  COUNTY. 
Tunnel  No.  5  of  the  Willow  Creek  coal 
mine,  near  Heppner,  is  producing.  There 
are  twenty  men  at  work  and  several  teams 
are  on  the  road  hauling  the  coal  and  plac- 
ing it  on  the  local  market.  Arrangements 
are  being  made  to  ship  to  Pendleton  and 
other  points  on  the  main  line  of  the  O.  R. 
&N. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

LAWRENCE  COUNTY. 

W.  T.  Beane  of  Deadwood,  manager  of 
the  Golden  Empire  M.  Co.,  in  western 
Lawrence  county,  Bays  he  is  putting  on 
more  men  and  will  increase  development 
work.  He  has  thirty  men,  mostly  on  the 
Eureka  and  Troy  claims,  where  former 
work  has  shown  promising  vein  matter. 
The  Eureka  iB  over  the  line  in  Wyoming. 

The  Columbus  M.  Co.,  near  Deadwood, 
has  decided  to  build  a  milling  plant  on 
Sawpit  gulch,  a  short  distance  above  the 
main  Bhaft.  It  will  be  necessary  to  pump 
water  a  considerable  distance.  The  plant 
will  use  a  combination  of  amalgamating 
and  cyaniding  processes — crushing  with 
stamps  in  a  solution  of  cyanide  of  potas- 
sium, leaching  and  finally  amalgamating, 
says  President  Mayham.  The  mill  will 
contain  240  stamps. 

The  Rex  M.  Co.  is  putting  in  a  heavier 
pump  at  its  shaft  at  Kirk,  south  of  Lead 
City.  The  company  has  had  considerable 
trouble  with  water.  The  pump  has  a  ca- 
pacity of  1800  gallons  a  minute. The 

Lucky  Strike  G.  M.  Co.  has  replaced  its 
shaft  house  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  a 
few  weeks  ago,  and  work  has  been  re- 
sumed with  a  temporary  shaft  house  and 
whim  until  the  permanent  structure  can 
be  built  and  a  steam  hoist  put  in.  The 
Lucky  Strike  has  its  own  sawmill. 

TEXAS. 

HARDIN  COUNTY. 

The  seventy-five  producing  wellB  in  the 

oil  field  at  Sour  Lake  are  said  to  have  a 

total    capacity   of    100,000   barrels  of    oil 

dally.    There  are  100  new  wells   drilling. 


Present  facilities  permit  of  moving  but 
50,000  barrels  dally. 

UTAH. 

September  in  the  ore  and  bullion  mar- 
ket closed  on  settlements  aggregating 
•1,956,912,  as  compared  with  $1,658,800  for 
the  same  month  in  1902,  says  the  Salt 
Lake  Tribune.  During  the  same  period 
the  copper  producers,  Independent  of  the 
Murray  plant,  operated  by  the  American 
S.  &  R.  Co,  marketed  bullion  that 
brought  $835,059.  While  approximately 
100,000  tonB  of  ore  was  reduced  at  the  val- 
ley furnaces  during  the  month,  the  capac- 
ity of  but  one  was  on  trial,  and  the  re- 
quirements of  October  are  expected  to 
exceed  this  total.  The  advance  in  silver 
and  other  conditions  favorable  to  produc- 
tion are  doing  more  to  stimulate  the 
efforts  of  the  producer  than  has  any  other 

incentive  during  the  past  two  years. 

The  output  of  copper  bullion  carrying 
gold  and  silver  during  the  month  attained 
a  total  of  3,669,513  pounds,  of  a  value  ex- 
ceeding $1,000,000,  with  the  valley  fur- 
naces not  at  their  full  capacity.  The  out- 
put was  distributed  as  follows  : 

Pounds. 

Bingham  Con 720,263 

Highland  Boy 1,203,720 

United  States 852  530 

Total 2,786  513 

American  S.  &R 883,000 

Grand  total 3  669,513 

During  the  previous  month  the  output  of 
copper  bullion  from  the  same  sources 
amounted  to  2,573.580  pounds,  a  gain  for 
September  of  over  200,000  pounds  at  the 
Independent  smelters. 

GRAND    COUNTY. 
The  Clara  C.  Co.  is  planning  to  put  in  a 
copper  leaching  plant  at  its  property,  20 
miles  south  of  Thompson's  Springs.     W. 
C.  Tracy  of  Alta  Is  superintendent. 

JUAB   COUNTY. 

The  management  of  the  Carisa  C.  &  G. 
M  Co.  during  its  past  fiscal  year  reportB 
having  marketed  3239  tons  of  ore,  of  which 
839  was  forwarded  from  the  dump  for 
"  trial  "  purposes,  from  which  was  smelted 
660  820  pounds  of  copper,  8260  ounces  of 
silver  and  445  ounces  of  gold,  of  total 
value  $59,477.63.  In  addition  to  this  the 
report  of  the  managing  director  and  vice- 
president,  H.  S.  Joseph,  showed  that  dur- 
ing the  same  period  4315  feet  of  develop- 
ment work  was  done  with  satisfactory  re- 
sults. On  the  700-foot  level  4  feet  of  ore, 
averaging  15%  copper,  12  ounces  silver 
and  $2  gold  per  ton,  haa  been  opened  up, 
while  on  the  100-foot  level  and  400  feet  be- 
low the  surface  a  body  of  coppl?  oxide 
was  cut,  shipments  from  which  give  an 
average  of  18%  copper.  On  the  700-foot 
level  one  Important  piece  of  work  was 
completion  of  connection  of  workings 
with  the  Sioux-Ajax  tunnel,  giving  an 
easy  mode  of  egress  and  good  ventilation; 
also  means  of  transportation  of  ore  direct 
into  railway  cars.  An  important  factor 
in  the  development  work  is  the  leasing 
system,  Bays  Manager  Joseph.  There  are 
fourteen  separate  leases  in  operation  in 
the  old  surface  tunnels,  old  stopes  and 
shallow  workings.  These  lessees  mine 
considerable  ore  from  bodies  too  small  to 
be  profitably  worked  by  the  company. 

The  shipments  from  Tintic  district  for 
month  of  September  amounted  to  499 
cars,  showing  an  increase  over  August. 
The  shippers  and  output  during  Septem- 
ber were:  Centennial  Eureka.  112  cars; 
Grand  Central,  107;  Carisa,  10;  Mammoth, 
40;  Victor,  14;  Black  Jack  (Iron),  15; 
Dragon  (iron),  55;  Bullion-Beck,  27;  Gem- 
ini, 62;  Yankee  Con.,  18;  and  14  others,  a 
total  of  50  cars.  Seven  cars  of  concen- 
trates were  shipped  from  the  May  Day 
jigs. 

Smoke  from  an  unlocated  fire  in  the 
abandoned  workings  of  either  the  Eureka 
Hill  or  the  Bullion-Beck  mine  is  reported 
to  have  put  a  stop  to  all  underground 
work  in  those  mines,  and  also  the  mines  In 
the  Tintic  district.  Miners  were  driven 
out  of  the'  Centennlal-Eureka  and  the 
Gemini  mines  on  the  6th  inst.  Several 
hundred  miners  are  idle.  Nine  men  were 
overcome  by  the  smoke  in  the  Centennial- 
Eureka,  but  were  rescued. 

Work  has  been  resumed  at  the  Joe 
Bowers  mine  near  Eureka,  with  W.  Con- 
ley  as  superintendent.  As  soon  as  the 
shaft  is  unwatered  a  crosscut  will  be  run 
to  the  vein.  The  ores  carry  galena  with 
silver. 

The  Utah  M.  Co  ,  at  Fish  Springa,  dur- 
ing the  month  of  September  shipped  four 
carloads  of  ore  (100  tons)  which  netted 
$9478.     The  ores  carry  lead  and  silver. 

TheNebo  M.  Co.,   of  Salt   Lake  City, 
has  been  incorporated  by  J.  J.  Sears  and 
F.  H.  Hyde.    The  company  owns  a  group 
of  claims  in  Mt.  Nebo  district. 
PIUTE  COUNTY. 

Final  payment  has  been  made  on  the 
Elephant  group,  near  Marysvale,  by  the 
Gold   D.  Co.,  of.  Salt  Lake  City.    They 


244 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10,  1903. 


also  have  taken  an  option  on  the  L.  &  N. 
(or  Lammersdorf)  group  and  have  ab- 
sorb? d  the  Silver  King  and  Golden  Queen 
groups.  These  mines  are  near  the  Annie 
Laurie  mines  and  mill.  P.  A.  H.  Frank- 
lin is  manager  and  D.  E.  Rohlfing  consult- 
ing engineer.  On  the  Elephant  group, 
the  tunnel  of  which  is  in  260  feet,  a  con- 
tract for  500  feet  of  more  work  has  been 
given,  although  its  destination  is  2400  feet 
from  its  portal,  where  it  will  connect  with 
the  main  Franklin  tunnel,  which  is  ap- 
proaching from  the  south  and  which  will 
cut  through  the  gold-bearing  zone  8000 
feet  in  length.  At  the  same  time  on  the 
strike  of  the  vein  the  Log  Cabin  tunnel  is 
in  300  feet  and  headed  for  the  Sunshine. 
Supplies  are  being  sent  in,  to  continue  op- 
erations this  winter. 

SALT   LAKE  COUNTY. 

An  average  of  twenty-five  50-ton  cars 
of  ore  are  being  shipped  from  Bingham 
daily,  says  the  Bingham  Bulletin.  The 
amount  is  expected  to  be  increased  this 
month,  when  the  Boston  Con.  begins 
output,  and  the  Yampa  changes  from 
wagon  hauling  to  the  Copper  Belt  rail- 
road. 

A  branch  of  the  Copper  Belt  road  will 
be  run  to  the  Boston  Con.  C.  Co.'s  upper 
tunnel  in  Muddy  gulch,  near  Bingham. 

UTAH  COUNTY. 

The  Park  City  Co-operative  M.  &  D. 
Co.,  of  Park  City,  has  been  incorporated 
by  M.  J.  Daily,  J.  E.  Hartman,  W.  H. 
West,  N.  B.  Dresser  and  W.  Byrne.  The 
company  owns  the  Iron  Master  Nos.  1 
and  2  lode  claims,  in  Utah  county.  W. 
H  West  is  manager. 

The  Garden  City  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  Provo  City  to  operate  the 
Monarch  and  the  Monarch  Nos.  1  to  6  in- 
clusive, in  Bock  canyon,  near  Provo  City. 
The  following  are  directors:  J.,  S  H.,  J. 
W  ,  G.  H.  and  E.  Buckley.  They  are 
drifting  on  the  ore  body. 

The  Sygnet  M.  Co.,  which  has  a  group 
of  four  claims  in  American  Fork  canyon, 
near  American  Fork,  has  been  incorpor- 
ated by  C.  E.  Steward,  M.  C.  Moyer,  A. 
D.  Beaman  and  C  I.  Berger.  The  prop- 
erty is  developed  by  a  tunnel  140  feet  in 
length,  which  has  struck  ore. 

WASATCH  COUNTY. 
The  Gold  DuBt  M.  &  M.  Co.,  of  Heber 
City,  has  been  incorporated  by  J.  B. 
Murdoch,  W.  Van  Wagener  and  J.  C. 
Jensen.  The  company  owns  four  claims 
in  Snake  Creek  district. 

WASHINGTON  COUNTY. 
Manager  C.  H.  Doolittle  of  the  Dixie 
mine  and  smelter,  near  St.  George,  says 
the  smelter  is  treating  an  average  of  fifty 
tons  of  ore  daily,  producing  12,000  tons  of 
copper  bullion. 

WASHINGTON. 

FEKEY  COUNTY. 
Work  was  resumed  at  the  Mountain 
Lion  mine,  near  Republic,  last  week,  after 
a  shut  down  of  two  years.  Machine  drills 
will  be  put  in  to  stope  ore.  The  pumps 
are  unwatering  the  shaft. 

WYOMING. 

CARBON  COUNTY. 

Blister  copper  ingots  are  being  shipped 
to  New  York  from  the  North  American 
C.  Co.'s  plant  at  Grand  Encampment. 
The  bullion  is  hauled  40  miles  to  the  rail- 
road. 

UINTA  COUNTY. 

The  American  Con.  Oil  Co.  at  Spring 
Valley  has  lumber  on  the  ground  to  build 
seven  rigs,  as  they  expect  to  complete 
that  number  of  wells  by  December  1st. 
They  have  also  a  rig  going  up  on  a  sec- 
tion outside  what  is  considered  the  proven 
field. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

The  total  gold  output  of  companies 
making  returns  to  the  Khodesian  Cham- 
ber of  Mines  at  Bulawayo  for  month  of 
August  amounts  to  19,187  ounces,  a  de- 
crease of  4384  ounces  as  compared  with 
July,  and  an  increase  of  3440  ounces  as 
compared  with  the  corresponding  period 
of  1902  The  monthly  returns  for  1902, 
and  for  1903  to  Sept.  1  have  been  as  fol- 
lows: 

1903.  1902. 

Ounces.     Ounces. 

January 16,245  15,955 

February 17090         13,204 

March 19,626  16,891 

April 20,727  17,559 

May 22,137  19,698 

June 22,166  15,842 

July 23,571  15,226 

August 19,187  15,747 

September 15.164 

October 16,849 

November 15,923 

December 16,210 

Totals 160,749        194,268 


AUSTRALIA. 

WESTERN  AUSTRALIA. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Lady  Shenton 
G.  M.  Ltd.,  near  Kalgoorlie,  J.  W.  Bay- 
field, mine  manager,  shows  a  reduction  of 
2s.  5d.  in  the  cost  per  ton  for  mining,  2s. 
6d.  for  milling,  8.3d.  for  cyanldlng,  and 
also  reductions  in  cost  of  recovering 
and  treating  concentrates.  Although  the 
tonnage  of  ore  mined  and  treated  was 
larger  and  the  general  operations  of  the 
company  more  extensive,  the  aggregate 
expenditure  is  below  that  for  the  previous 
period.  The  final  quarter  of  the  year  was 
affected  by  the  heavy  general  Increase  In 
wages  awarded  by  the  Arbitration  Court 
to  employes  on  this  and  other  mines 
throughout  the  district.  To  minimize  the 
extra  expense  thus  entailed  one-man  ma- 
chine drills  are  being  introduced  at  the 
company's  mine,  and  those  already  ob- 
tained have  resulted  in  saving  of  labor  and 
consequent  reduction  in  amount  of  wages 
paid  per  month.  In  addition  to  stoping 
and  general  underground  operations,  977 
feet  of  sinking  and  raising,  2020  feet  of 
crosscuttlng  and  driving  and  618  feet  of 
boring,  beside  costeaning,  have  been  done. 

BRITISH    COLUMBIA. 

BOUNDARY  DISTRICT. 

The  Besperus  group  on  Hardy  moun- 
tain, 4  miles  from  Grand  Forks,  has  be- 
gun shipments  of  ore.  Smelter  returns 
give  values,  principally  in  copper,  of  $16 
per  ton.  The  properties  are  owned  by  the 
HeBperuB  G .  &  C,  M  ,  Ltd.,  of  Ch'cago,  111. 

R.  Plewman,  manager  of  the  Winnipeg 
mine,  at  Wellington,  says  the  tramway 
that  was  destroyed  by  fire  has  been  re- 
placed, also  the  gallows-frame.  Ore  is  be- 
ing extracted  from  the  100-foot  and  the 
50  foot  levels. 

CARIBOO   DISTRICT. 

So  much  rain,  in  amount  not  exceeded 
since  1862,  has  been  falling  in  Cariboo 
lately,  that  hydraulic  mines,  which  made 
light  returns  early  in  the  season,  and  had 
to  close  down  as  a  result  of  the  shortage 
of  water  in  the  mountain  streams,  have 
resumed  operations,  says  the  News-Ad- 
vertiser. However,  all  the  hydraulic  min- 
ing must  close  down  for  winter  in  a  few 
weeks. 

CASSIAR  DISTRICT. 

The  gold  output  of  Atlin's  section  totals 
$1,500,000  this  season,  says  J.  T.  Wilkin- 
son of  Vancouver. 

LILLOOET   DISTRICT. 

The  dredger  for  the  Iowa  Lillooet  G.  M. 
Co.  has  been  floated  and  the  machinery  is 
being  set  up. 

NELSON  DISTRICT. 

P.  E.  Sharpless  and  H.  L.  Gllmour  of 
Pennsylvania  have  organized  the  Morn- 
ing Star  M.  &  M.  Co.  to  work  the  Star 
mine,  on  Eagle  creek,  near  Nelson.  Man- 
ager Gilmour  will  remain  in  Nelson.  A 
stamp  mill  will  be  built  at  tbe  mine.  Men 
have  been  started  on  preliminary  work.  A 
wagon  road  will  be  built  from  the  Poor- 
man -Granite  mine  to  the  millsite,  and  it  1b 
expected  a  tramway  will  connect  the  mine 
with  the  same. 

SLOCAN  DISTRICT. 

The  Wakefield  mine,  near  Silverton, 
has  its  concentrator  running  and  has  forty 
men  on  its  payroll.  It  is  turning  out  two 
products — a  lead  concentrate  (65%  lead  and 
100  ounces  silver)  and  a  zinc  concentrate 
(45%  zinc  and  seventy  ounces  silver)  to  the 
ton.  There  are  100  tons  of  zinc  concen- 
trates on  the  wharf  ready  for  shipment. 
The  management  is  holding  it  for  better 
terms  of  treatment.  The  lead  product  Is 
shipped  to  the  local   smelters  as   fast  as 

produced The  Bosun  mine  is  keeping 

up  its  output  of  120  tons  per  month  and 
works  thirty  men. 

MEXICO. 

AGUAS  CALIENTES. 
Two  300-ton  furnaces  will  be  added  to 
the  American  S.  &  R.  Co.'s  plant  at  Aguas 
Calientes. 

DURANGO. 
The  San  Acacia  M.  Co.  has  finished 
construction  of  a  line  of  railway  from  a 
point  on  the  Mexican  Central  to  the  San 
Acacia  mines,  in  the  district  of  San  Juan 
de  Guadalupe. 

OAXACA. 

The  Natividad  M.  Co.  of  Oaxaca  Is 
preparing  to  put  in  an  electric  plant  to 
give  at  least  350  H.  P.  from  the  present 
water  supply,  which  will  double  the  pres- 
ent capacity,  Bays  E.  Glrault,  consulting 
engineer. 

SONORA. 

At  La  Bufa,  in  Sahauripa  district,  the 
concentrating  and  smelting  machinery  of 
the  Bufa  M.  &  R.  Co.  is  expected  to  be 
ready  to  start  up  Nov.  1. 

The  Cananea  Herald  says  the  Yaqui 
River  C.  Co.  has  closed  down  all  work  at 


its  mines  at  Campo  Santo  Nino.     No  rea- 
son is  given  for  the  shut  down. 

PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS! 

Though  several  of  the  islands  of  the  ar- 
chipelago are  considered  to  have  extensive 
mineral  deposits,  says  the  Manila  Bulletin, 
the  inadequate  transportation  facilities 
and  the  obstacles  imposed  upon  the  pros- 
pector by  heat  of  the  lowlands  and  by 
dense  tropical  vegetation  (which  usually 
covers  and  to  great  extent  conceals  the 
rock  formations)  have  restricted  system- 
atic development  up  to  the  present  time. 
There  have  been  found  In  Benguet  and 
Lepanto  small  bodies  of  rich  gold  ore,  but 
the  veins  are  narrow  and  irregular.  Quan- 
tities of  low  grade,  free  milling  ores  have 
been  found,  but  they  are  for  the  most  part 
In  the  Interior;  and  their  succeaBful  de- 
velopment Involves  considerable  outlay  In 
building  roads  and  putting  in  machinery. 

SPAIN. 

The    Espana  Economica  y   Flnanclera 
says  Spain's  exports  of  gold  and  silver  for 
the  first  six  months  of  1903,   as   compared 
with  same  period  of  1901  and  1902,  was: 
Gold,    Ingots     1901.  1902.  1903. 

and  coin...*  19,300  $  28,950  $  5,790 
Silver,  Ingots 

and  coin.  .  2  659,540    928,330    2,171,250 


Total $2,678,840  $957,280  $2,177,040 


#*************************£ 

!        PERSONAL.        ! 

*  * 

J.  L.  Butler  of  Belmont,  Nev.,  is  In 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  T.  Arundel  of  London,  England,  Is 
In  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

S.  I.  Hallet  of  Colorado  is  examining 
mining  property  in  Idaho. 

H.  Altman  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  Is 
In  Montana  on  mining  business. 

H.  T.  BURES,  a  mining  engineer  of  Lon- 
don, Eng.,  Is  In  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

C.  H.  Wildman,  formerly  of  Cottage 
Grove,  Or.,  Is  now  at  Placervllle,  Cal. 

F.  Farish  and  C.  W.  Purington 
have  left  Denver,  Colo ,  for  Sonora, 
Mexico. 

D.  Craelius  has  resigned  his  position 
with  C.  A.  Luckhardt  &  Co ,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal. 

E  F.  Floyd  of  San  Andreas,  Calaveras 
county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal ,  on 
mining  business. 

H.  K.  Wheeler  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal , 
is  examining  a  copper  property  at  En- 
campment, Wyo. 

W.  S.  Haskins  is  superintendent  of 
the  Gold  Bug  mine  on  Mt.  Rueben,  south- 
west of  Glendale,  Or. 

P.  Kartschoke,  interested  in  mineB 
near  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  1b  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  on  business. 

W.  E.  EVERSON  of  Elk  Grove,  Cal.,  is 
superintendent  of  the  El  Dorado  C.  M. 
Co  ,  at  Georgetown,  Cal. 

T.  H.  Tracy  Is  now  general  superin- 
tendent of  the  North  American  Copper 
Co.,  Encampment,  Wyo. 

C.  A.  ROSS,  president  of  the  Standard 
copper  mine,  near  Clifton,  Ariz ,  is  at 
Clifton  from  London,  England. 

W.  C.  Ralston  has  returned  to  Cali- 
fornia from  an  Inspection  of  Idaho  and 
Oregon  gold  mining  properties. 

J.  B.  Warner,  manager  of  the  Sliver 
Ledge  mill,  Red  Mountain,  Colo  ,  has  re- 
turned there  from  Denver,  Colo. 

E.  D.  Boyle,  manager  of  the  North 
Rapidan  M.  Co,  Como.  Nov.,  has  re- 
turned from  a  visit  to  California. 

G.  E  Collins  has  returned  to  Denver, 
Colo  ,  from  an  extended  trip  to  the  Colo- 
rado river,  near  Kingman,  A.  T. 

W.  Sharwood,  superintendent  of  the 
Soulsby  mine,  at  Soulsby  ville,  Tuolumne 
Co.,  Cal.,  Is  In  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

R  W.  Rodda  left  Seattle,  Wash.,  the 
1st  for  southeastern  Alaska  on  mining 
business,  and  will  return  Nov.  1st. 

A.  B.  Call  is  in  Guanajuato,  Mexico, 
examining  mining  properties  for  W.  C. 
Bennett  &  Co.  of  Springfield,  Mass. 

F.  E.  Abercrombie  of  the  Boston  Con. 
and  other  Bingham,  Utah,  mines,  is  in 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  the  East. 

Manager  J.  F.  Meikle  of  the  Black 
Eagle  M.  Co.,  near  Malheur,  Or.,  is  In 
Houghton,  Mich  ,  on  company  business. 

Superintendent  S.  Tarbet  has 
been  appointed  manager  of  tbe  Estella 
mine,  near  Mllford,  Utah,  vice  Penrose, 
deceased. 


Superintendent  A.  B.  Hodges,  of 
the  Granby  smelter,  returned  to  Grand 
Forks,  B.  C,  last  week  from  a  trip  to 
California. 

G.  W.  Otterson,  superintendent  of 
the  Windfall  hydrulic  mines  at  Windfall, 
near  Junean,  Alaska,  is  visiting  In  Placer 
county,  Cal. 

C.  D.  Galvin,  who  is  interested  in  min- 
ing properties  In  the  United  States  of 
Colombia,  South  America,  has  returned 
to  California. 

Harry  M.  Boche  has  resigned  as  as- 
sayer  and  metallurgist  for  the  Fannie 
Marie  G.  M.  Co.  of  Glencoe,  Cal.,  and  Is  In 
Oakland,  Cal. 

G.  A.  Easton  is  mine  superintendent 
for  the  Gold  Gulch  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
Pactolus  group  at  Gold  Gulch,  Grant 
county,  N.  M. 

M.  J.  LlDSTONE,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  gone  to  Shasta  county,  Cal.,  to 
rebuild  the  mill  at  the  Niagara  mine,  near 
French  Gulch. 

J.  F.  Brandes  accompanies  Count 
Ward  of  London  on  mining  business  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah.  The  latter  hag  re- 
turned to  London. 

Franklin  Leonard,  president  of  the 
Comstock  Tunnel  Co.,  returned  to  Sutro, 
Nev.,  this  week  from  a  business  trip  to 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

W.  A.  Clark  of  Butte,  Mont.,  princi- 
pal owner  of  the  United  Verde  copper 
mines  at  Jerome,  Ariz ,  is  visiting  in 
southern  California. 

L.  Morris,  president  of  the  United 
Bingham  M.  Co.  and  Avondale  of  Park 
City,  Utah,  is  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
from  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

A.  J.  McMillan,  managing  director  of 
the  Le  Roi  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  returned  to  Ross- 
land,  B.  *C  ,  last  week,  after  an  absence 
since  May  In  England. 

Manager  Rockwell,  of  the  Minnie 
Moore  and  Idaho  Con.  mine  companies, 
near  Hailey,  Blaine  county,  Idaho,  Is  in 
Chicago,  111.,  on  business. 

G.  Z  Edwards,  who  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  Con.  Mercur  G.  M.  Co., 
at  Mercur,  Utah,  since  1894,  has  resigned 
as  general  superintendent. 

W.  J.  Adams  has  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  from  a  month's  visit  on  mining 
business  at  the  copper  mines  at  Copper- 
opolls,  Calaveras  county,  Cal. 

M.  L  Requa,  vice-president  of  the  Pa- 
cific Wire  &  Steel  Co.  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  returned  to  San  Francisco  from 
New  York  and  other  Eastern  cities. 

Superintendent  Denton  of  tbe  Bal- 
tic and  Trimountaln  copper  mines,  near 
Houghton,  Mich.,  has  resigned  as  assist- 
ant superintendent  of  the  Atlantic  mi_e. 

J.  Gordon  Is  general  superintendent 
for  W.  E.  Hurd,  of  Portland,  Or  ,  on  the 
Granite  Boulder  group  and  Smuggler 
mines,  near  Greenhorn,  Baker  county,  Or. 

T.  COLE,  a  former  superintendent  of 
the  Butler-Liberal  mines  at  Bingham, 
Utah,  has  accepted  a  similar  position  at 
the  Silver  Shield  mine,  In  the  same  camp. 

E.  McCORMlCK  is  superintendent  of 
the  American  Cornfield  M  Co  ,  near  Jop- 
lln,  Mo.,  vice  W.  R.  Crandall,  who  will 
give  his  entire  time  to  the  Missouri  Zinc 
Fields  Co. 

President  J.  E.  Bamberger  of  the 
Daly  West  mine,  Park  City,  Utah,  re- 
turned to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week 
from  inspecting  bis  oil  interests  at  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

W.  C.  Tracy,  recently  superintendent 
of  the  Wheeler  &  Wilson  mine,  near  Alta, 
Utah,  is  superintendent  of  the  Clara  C. 
Co  ,  south  of  Thompson's  Springs,  Grand 
county,  Utah. 

W.  H.  Bray,  superintendent  of  the 
Posey  &  Huron  mines  near  Nevada  City, 
Cal ,  has  been  elected  vice-president  and 
manager  of  the  consolidation  of  the  Red 
Cross  M.  Co.  and  the  Huron  M.  Co. 

R.  N.  DlGGLES,  assayer  for  the  Melones 
M.  Co.,  has  retured  to  Melones,  Calaveras 
county,  Cal.,  from  a  trip  to  Siskiyou 
county  and  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining 
business  for  the  H.  J.  Diggles  Estate  Co. 

G.  A.  Bast,  of  Springfield,  Mo.,  is 
superintendent  of  the  Boston-Get  There 
mine,  near  Joplin,  Mo.,  vice  T.  Chapman, 
who  will  take  charge  of  the  Chapman 
mine,  near  Prosperity.  Chapman  is  also 
superintendent  of  the  Mt.  Ararat  M.  Co. 

J.  K.  Turner,  consulting  engineer  of 
the  San  Cristobal  C.  Co.  at  Arroyo  Seco, 
Taos  county,  N.  M.,  has  been  appointed 
consulting  engineer  for  the  Rio  Grande 
M.  Co.  and  the  Pueblo  Chieftain  M.  Co  , 
both  operating  in  northern  New  Mexico. 
He  returned  last  week  from  a  business 
trip  to  New  York. 


October  10,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


245 


K  •*■  +  ■*■  *  +  *  +  *-*-* +  **  **  ■*.-*.** 4- ±* ■*  +  *X 
■»  + 

| Commercial  Paragraphs.  J 

*  * 

The  Western  Supply  Co.,  manufactur- 
ers' agents,  have  opened  offices  at  578 
Mission  St.,  San  Francisco,  A.  Norman 
Dempsey,  manager. 

The  Brown  Corliss  Engine  Co.,  Corliss, 
Wis.,  Is  In  receipt  of  an  order  from  the 
Lorain  Steel  Co.  of  Lorain,  O.,  for  a  30 
and  60x60-lnch  cross  compound  Corliss 
engine. 

The  Trjnton  Iron  Co ,  through  their 
Denver,  Colo  ,  agent,  R  D.  Seymour,  have 
an  order  for  1000  feet  of  tramway  at  the 
new  mill  of  Lundberg,  Dorr  &  Wilson,  to 
the  mine  at  Terry,  S.  D. 

The  Bouse  Hydraulic  Machinery  Co. 
has  opened  a  business  at  503  Mission  street, 
San  Francisco,  Cal  ,  with  a  complete  line 
of  hydraulic  and  mining  machinery. 
Estimates  or  Information  along  these 
lines  will  be  furnished  promptly  upon 
application. 

L.  P.  Hammond,  manager  of  the  Den- 
ver branch  of  the  Crocker- Wheeler  Co  , 
Ampere,  N.  J.,  reDorts  among  recent 
sales  made  by  his  office:  Two  15  K.  W. 
generators;  two  special  motors  to  develop 
90  H.  P.  at  150  revolutions  per  minute 
and  standard  motors,  aggregating  340  H. 
P.,  to  Portland  Cement  Co  ;  two  7}  H.  P. 
motors  and  one  15  II  P.  motor  to  Nock  & 
Garslde;  to  Copper  Queen  Con.  M.  Co  , 
Blsbee,  one  12  H.  P.  electric  hoist;  United 
Globe  mine,  one  12  H.  P.  electric  hoist; 
one  8}  K  W.  dynamo  to  Fairbanks, 
MorBe  &  Co  ;  to  AlllB-Chalmers  Co.  one 
23  K.  W.  dynamo  and  switchboard;  one 
9  K.  W.  direct  connected  dynamo;  to 
Eaton  Sugar  Co  one  30  K  W.  direct  con- 
nected dynamo,  with  9}xl0  Erie  ball  en- 
gine; one  15  H  P.  motor  and  centrifugal 
pump;  to  Victor  Fuel  Co.  one  14  H.  P. 
specially  compounded  motor  direct  connec- 
tion to  box  car  loader;  to  Mine  &  Smelter 
Supply  Co.  one  25  H.  P.  motor;  to  Locke 
Drill  Co.  two  4J  K  W.  dynamos  for  elec- 
tric drills. 

The  Fred.  M.  Prescott  Steam  Pump 
Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis  ,  reports  the  follow- 
ing among  their  recent  shipments  of 
pumping  machinery:  One  triple  expan- 
sion mine  pumping  engine  to  the  Buffalo 
&  Susquehanna  Iron  Co.,  Hibblng,  Minn., 
and  one  triple  expansion  mine  pumping 
engine  to  the  Iroquois  Iron  Co.,  Hibblng, 
Minn.,  each  with  a  capacity  of  1200  gal- 
lons per  minute;  part  of  a  large  order, 
which  Includes  two  triple  expansion 
pumping  engines  of  large  capacity,  to  the 
El  Oro  Railway  &  Mining  Co.,  Ltd.,  El 
Oro,  Mex  ;  a  deep  mine  triple  expansion 
pumping  engine  to  the  Penn  Iron  Mining 
Co.,  Vulcan,  Mich.,  with  a  capacity  of 
1000  gallons  per  minute  against  a  1200-foot 
head;  a  triple  expansion  high  service 
pumping  engine,  with  a  capacity  of  1,600,- 
000  gallons  per  day  against  175  pounds 
water  pressure,  to  the  New  Castle,  Pa  , 
Water  WorkB;  a  compound  and  condens- 
ing mine  pumping  engine,  with  a  capacity 
of  500  gallons  per  minute  against  1200-foot 
head,  to  the  Calumet  &  Arizona  Mining 
Co  ,  Blsbee,  Ariz  Among  recent  orders, 
they  report  having  booked  the  following: 
One  vertical  baam  condenser  for  the  Den- 
ver Tramway  Power  Co.,  Denver,  Colo., 
with  a  capacity  of  70,000  pounds  of  steam 
per  hour;  two  triple  expansion  mine 
pumping  engines  for  the  Mesabe  Iron 
Range  In  Minnesota,  each  with  capacity 
of  2000  gallons  per  minute;  one  triple  ex- 
pansion pumping  engine  for  the  East  St. 
Louis,  111.,  Water  Works,  capacity  6,000,- 
000  U.  S.  gallons  water  per  day. 


*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received.     £ 

*  *• 

St  if>  <f>  *f  ifuft  (Pf  if*  tp  eft  if  ift  if.  $  if  if*  if.  if.  if.  if.  $  f  if,  if,  if.  a 

The  Temple  Pump  Co.  note  their  50th 
year  by  a  1903  description  of  their  gasoline 
engine,  of  which  three  sectional  views  are 
given,  beside  additional  detailed  illustra- 
tion and  description  of  the  "Master  Work- 
man "  gas  engine,  which  they  make  and 
furnish  from  Meagher  and  15th  Sts.,  Chi- 
cago, 111. 

"Balances  and  Weights  of  Precision," 
finely  illustrated,  from  Christian  Becker, 
whose  factory  is  at  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y., 
his  New  York  City  office  being  at  No.  7 
Maiden  Lane.  These  goods  are  guaran- 
teed by  the  maker,  and  are  for  assaying, 
analytical  and  scientific  uses,  where  accu- 
racy is  required,  each  instrument  being 
described  and  the  price  plainly  stated. 

"Jeffrey  Power  Drills  for  Rock  and 
Coal "  gives  a  clear  cut  description  of  the 
Jeffrey  Mfg.  Co. 's  new  line  of  coal  and 
rock  drills.  The  Badger,  rotary,  electric, 
air-power,  pin,  and  hand-power  drills  are 
illustrated  in  detail.  Other  of  the  Jeffrey 
Co.'s  manufactures,  such  as  the  water 
elevator,  coal  mining  machines,  electric 
locomotives,  conveyors,  screening  plants 
and  labor-saving  appliances  are  given  at- 


tention. This  fine  trade  treatise  is  issued 
by  the  Jeffrey  Manufacturing  Co.,  Colum- 
bu?,  Ohio. 


*  * 

|  Obituary.  * 

*  * 

Patrick  Ryan,  a  former  mining  man, 
stock  raiser  and  member  of  the  first 
Legislature  of  Montana,  died  at  San  Ber- 
nardino, Cal.,  Oct.  5th. 

S.  HaSKINS,  a  pioneer  miner  of  Cala- 
veras county,  Cal ,  and  one  of  the  original 
owners  of  the  Champion  mine  at  West 
Point,  died  Sept.  30th.  Deceased  was  a 
native  of  New  York,  aged  71  years,  and 
leaves  a  widow  and  a  son. 

Hugh  Asbury,  a  pioneer  miner  of 
Baker  county,  Or,  and  who  is  said  to 
have  given  the  town  of  Sumpter  its  name, 
died  at  Baker  City,  Sept.  28th,  from 
paralysis.  Asbury  was  one  of  a  party  of 
West  Virginians  who,  In  1862,  discovered 
the  placer  diggings  where  Sumpter  now 
stands.  The  log  cabin  which  they  built 
after  panning  the  sands  and  gravel  of  Mc- 
Cullay's  Fork  of  Powder  river  and  find- 
ing they  contained  gold,  still  stands,  1 
mile  west  of  Sumpter. 

x ********* ******* ********** 

*  * 

|        Books   Received.         % 

*  * 

St******"********  ****.*<f<f.****K 

"Data  Concerning  Platinum"  is  a 
dainty  little  volume  from  the  Baker 
Platinum  Works,  Newark,  N.  J  ,  with 
illustrated  description  of  articles  made 
from  platinum  and  data  of  general  in- 
terest to  anyone  having  anything  to  do 
with  that  precious  metal.  Accompanying 
it,  as  a  separate  leaflet,  are  stated  sizes  of 
platinum  rivets  for  use  as  contact  points 
in  telephones  and  other  electrical  appara- 
tus. Baker  &  Co.  are  authority  on 
platinum  and  its  uses,  and  their  publica- 
tions thereon  are  of  standard  value. 


New  Patents. 

Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press 
Patent  agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  has  offlolal 
reports  of  the  following  IT.  S.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  coast  Inventors : 

FOR  WEEK  ENOING  SEPT   29,  1903 

739,973.— Lamp  Mounting- S.  H.  Anderson,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

740,080.— Basement  Door— Berry  &  Gale,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

740,082 OIL  Burner— G.  W.  Boyd,  S  P. 

739,981.— Railway— W.  P.  Bryant,  Corona,  Cal. 

739.827.— Trick  Bass  Viol-Q.  h.  Britzbaoh,  S.  F 

739.883.— Thresher  feeder  —  p.  A.  Colwell, 
Oakesdale,  Wash. 

739,980.— Bed  and  Table— J.  P.  Cook,  Oxnard.  Cal. 

740,095.— artificial  Teeth— C.  A.  Davis,  Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 

740,104.— ironing  Board— I.  M.  Dlllman,  Oakland, 
Cal. 

740,107.— Tool  Holder—  G.  H.  Dworzek,  S.  F. 

740,008.— Can  Header— J.  a.  Gray,  S.  P. 

740,272.— Trolley  Pole— C.  Harter,  South  Pasa- 
dena, Cal. 

740,130.— Wire  Grip  —  H.  D.  Hazard,  Yakima, 
Wash. 

740,015.— Window— E.  Hipolito,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

740,019.— Horseshoeing  Stand— J.  C.  Hutton,  Jr., 
Waterloo,  Or. 

740,145— Safety  Gas  Pipe— P.  W.  Krohn.  S.  P. 

740,026.— Ratchet  Swivel— H.  H.  Krohn,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

740,027.— Concentrator— M.  S    Leve,  Prultvale, 

739,923.— Oil  Bdrner— C.  Petrlni,  Bakersneld,  Cal. 

740,316.— Hay  Loader— Romwall  &  Pitt,  Love- 
lock, Nev. 

740,048  —Vehicle  Gear-C.  C.  Schmand,  Winlock, 
Wash. 

740  057.— Voting  Machine— St.  Louis  &  Jackson, 
Colusa.  Cal. 

740,058.— Voting  Machine— St.  Louis  &  Jackson, 
Col  sa,  Cal. 

740,059.— Voting  Machine— St  Louis  &  Jackson, 
Colusa,  Cal 

740,064.— Tire  Heater— P.  Thomson,  Santa  Ana, 
Cal. 

740,205 Trolley  Crossing— O.  Vanorman,   Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 

739,953  — Fruit  Peeler — C.  J.  Vernon,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

Notice  of    Recent  Patents. 

Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &.  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  speoial  mention : 

Safety  Gas  Supply  Pipe  Attachment  —No. 
740,145.  Sept.  29, 1903.  P.  W.  Krohn,  San  Francis- 
co, Cal.  This  invention  relates  to  improvements 
in  means  for  preventing  gas  esoaping  from  the  jet 
in  case  the  gas  is  turned  off  at  the  meter  or  its 
Sow  through  the  mains  otherwise  interrupted 
while  the  jet  cock  is  still  open  and  then  turned  on 
again  before  the  jet  cock  has  been  closed.  The 
object  of  the  invention  is  to  prov  de  a  safety  de- 
vice of  simple  construction  which  is  adapted  to 
be  Interposed  in  the  supply  pipe  between  the  me- 
ter and  the  gas  jet  whereby  the  flow  of  gas  through 
the  pipe  will  be  controlled  by  the  gas  pressure. 

Hydrocarbon  Burner  —No.  740,082.  Sept.  29, 
1903.  G.  W.  Boyd,  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  one-half 
assigned  to  J.  O.  Low  and  L.  M  Bourband  of  same 
place.  This  invention  relates  to  improvements  in 
oil  burners  In  which  the  steam  necessary  for  ef- 
fecting volatilization  and  combustion  is  gener- 
ated by  and  within  the  burner  itself.  Its  object 
is  to  provide  a  simple  practicable  burner  adapted 
for  use  in  stoves  or  furnaces,  and  particularly 
wherever  a  source  of  steam  supply  is  not  gener- 
ally available  Experience  has  shown  this  burner 
to  be  well  adapted  for  use  in  continuously  operat- 
ing furnaces,  and  once  the  necessary  amount  of 
oil  and  water  Is  ascertained  and  regulated  by 
proper  valves  the  burner  practically  requires  no 
further  attention. 


Latest    JTarket    Reports. 

San  Francisco,  October  9,  1903. 

METALS. 

SILVER.— Per  ox.,  Troy:  London, 
27 jd  (standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New 
York,  bar  silver,  59}c,  refined  (1000  fine); 
San  Francisco,  69Jc;  Mexican  dollars,  47c 
@49c;  San  Francisco,  45Jc  New  York. 

COPPER.  —  New  York:  Standard, 
$13.25;  Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.25;  Elec- 
trolytic, 1  to  3  casks,  $13.25;  Cast- 
ing, 1  to  3  casks,  $12.87};  San  Fran- 
cisco: $15.00.  Mill  copper  plates,  $17.00; 
bars,  18@24c.  London:  £54  17s  6d  spot 
per  ton. 

A  slight  falling  off  is  noticeable  In  cop- 
per, but  these  small  fluctuations  are  al- 
ways a  feature  of  the  market,  at  what- 
ever price  prevails.  One  authority  thus 
expresses  the  situation:  "The  copper 
business,  like  every  other  business,  must 
necessarily  feel  the  ups  and  downs  of  the 
general  conditions.  People  just  now  are 
In  a  somewhat  depressed  frame  of  mind 
and  Inclined  to  await  developments. 
Under  the  circumstances  it  is  only  natural 
that  the  copper  market  should  be  very 
slow,  that  consumers  should  hold  off  on 
their  orders  until  the  outlook  is  clear, 
and  that  prices  should  show  a  slightly 
weakening  tendency.  As  to  the  future,  it 
still,  as  we  regard  It,  has  a  reasonably 
satisfactory  outlook.  In  due  season  the 
demand  for  copper  is  likely  to  show  Itself 
as  other  lines  of  Industry  shall  improve, 
and  it  needs  only  this  stimulus  to  advance 
prices  to  a  higher  level.  Inquiries  for 
copper  at  the  present  time  are  light;  but, 
on  the  other  hand,  we,  in  common  with 
other  lines  of  business  producers,  are  not 
making  much  of  an  effort  to  sell  the 
metal.  The  time  for  a  change  for  the 
better  in  the  demand  is,  however,  not  far 
off." 

LEAD.— New  York,  $4  50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco $4.50,  carload  lots  ;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6},  sheet  7,  bar  5 Jo;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:     £11  6s  3d  per  long  ton. 

SPELTER. —New  York,  $6.00;  St, 
Louis,  $5.00 ;  London,  £20  10s  per  ton ; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  6.4-c:  100-lb  lots.  7c. 

In  the  United  States  for  the  year  1902 
the  total  output  of  lead  for  the  en- 
tire country  was  220,000  short  tons, 
and  of  zinc  156,297  short  tons.  The 
lead  production  was  about  the  same 
as  in  1901,  but  there  was  an  Increase  of 
about  10%  in  zinc  production. 

TIN.— New  York,  pig,  $26.00@26  35; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  28c;  BOO  Bib.,  28Jc; 
200  Sis.,  29Jc;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  ft  B>,  30c 
@32c.    London,  £114  spot. 

PLATINUM.— San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  ft  oz.;  New  York,  Ingot,  $19.00  per 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75@80c  per 
gram. 

QUICKSILVER.— New  York,  $46.00® 
47.00 ;  large  lots;  London,  £8  7s  6d  ;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $43@44  ft  flask  of  78} 
lbs.! Denver,  $49.50.  Export,  $42.50@43.00. 

BABBITT  METAL.— San  Francisco, 
No.  1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra, 
1 7Jc;  genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37jc. 

SOLDER.  —  Half-and-half ,  100-lb.  lots 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-fi>. 
lots,  15.50c. 

ZINC. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  ft  ft., 
60c  ;  dust,  ft  ft.,  10c ;  sulphate,  ft  lb.,  .04c. 

NICKEL.— New  York,  50@«0c  ft  ft.; 
ton  lots,  45@47c. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  Ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30c  to  34c. 

ANTIMONY.— New  York,  Cookson's, 
7Jc;  Hallett'B,  6Jc;  San  Francisco,  1000- 
Ib.  lots,  8c;  300  to  600  lbs.,  Mo;  100-lb. 
lots,  10  jc. 

STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

IRON.— Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $16.85 
@17.35;  gray  forge,  $15  35;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  ft  ft.,  3jc  in  small  quantities. 

STEEL.— Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27  00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30  00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
per  ft. 

CHICAGO  CURRENT   QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $17.50@18.50 

Foundry  Northern  1 17.50@17.75 

Northern  2 17.00@17.25 

Northern  3 16.60@16. 75 

Southern  1 16. 35® 

Southern  2 15. 85® 

Southern  3 15.35® 

Forge ; .  14.85® 

Charcoal 20.50@21. 00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28.00@29.00 

Bars,  iron 1.55® 

Bars,  steel 1.75®  1.80 

Rails,  standard 28.00@30.00 

Rails,  light 34.00@40.00 

Plates,  boiler 1.90®  2.00 

Tank 1.76®  1.80 

Sheets,  26  store 2.90®  3.00 

No.  27 2.90®  3.00 

No.  28 3.00®  3.10 

Angles 1.75® 


Beams 1.75® 

Tees 1.80® 

Zees 1.75® 

Channels 1. 75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 14.00@15.00 

Relaying  rails 26.00(328  00 

Dealers  forge 12.50@13.50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14.50@15.00 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 13.50@14.50 

Iron  rails 18.00@19.00 

Car  wheels 19.00@20.00 

Cast  borings 6.50®  6.50 

Turnings 10.50@11.50 

LUMBER.—  (Retail) :  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.60 
@6.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  Bhlngles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.60 
for  split  and  $15. 00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
@35.00. 

NAILS.— Per  keg  01st  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d,  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.60;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4d  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

LIME.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  per  bbl. 

CEMENT— Imported,  $2  50@2.75  ft 
bbl  ;  California  carload  lots,  $2  26  f.  o.  b. 
at  works;  small  lots,  $2  50  ft  bbl.  In  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

COAL.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.60;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8 ;  Cumberland,  $13 ;  Cannel, 
$8  50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.50,  long  ton ;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  In 
bulk,  $13  in  sacks ;  Sunnyside,  $8.60, 
long  ton. 

POWDER.— F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No 
1.  70%  nltro-glycerlne,  per  ft.,  In  carload 
lots,  161c;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13  jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
16Jc.  No.  1**  60%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13}c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9}c;  less  than  one  ton, 
UJc.  No.  2»*  30%  carload  lots,  »c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
In  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2  per  keg. 

CAPS.— 3x,  $5.60  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  In  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

CANDLES.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40e  , 
lie  ft  set;  14oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

CHEMICALS.— Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  ft  ft.:  carloads, 
23@23Jc;  in  tins,  30c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  ft  100 
lbs. ;  hyposulphite  of  soda.  3(33}c  ft 
ft.;  caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}cft  &>;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40  ft  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  notash,  10c  in 
40-ft  tins;  roll  sulphur,  2J@2Jc;  powdered 
sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur,  French, 
3J@3.',c  ;  alum,  $2.00@2.25  ;  California  re- 
fined, l|@2o;  sulphide  of  iron,  8c  ft  ft  ; 
copper  sulphate,  5}®5}c;  chloride  of  lime, 
spot,  $2.50@2.75:  sulphuric  acid,  in  car- 
boys, 66%  B,  lj@2c  ft  ft.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  ft  lb. 

BONE  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  6@6c  per 
lb .  No.  1,  4@5c. 

WHITE  LEAD.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500 
lbs.  and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft., 
6c;  less  than  500  lbs.,  per  ft.,  7c;  in  25-ft.  tin 
pails,  Jc  per  ft.  above  keg  price;  In  1  and  6 
ft.  tin  cans,  100  fts.  per  case,  Jc  per  ft. 
above  keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1 
ton  and  over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

RED  LEAD.— 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  per  ft.,  6Jc;  less  than  500  fts.,  7c. 

LITHARGE.— Pure,  in  25-ft.  bags,  8 
@9c  per  ft. 

BORAX.— Concentrated,  6@7c  per  ft 
powdered,  8@10c  ;  fused,  20@25c. 

BORAX.— Crystal,  7c;  calcined,  25c. 

MANGANESE.— Pure,  ft  lb.,  60c. 

SODIUM.— Metal,  ft  ft.,  $1.00. 

BISMUTH.— Subnitrate,  per  ft.,  $1.75. 

MERCURY.— Bichloride,  ft  ft.,  90c. 

MOLYBDENUM.— $2  per  ft. 

CHROMIUM.— (90%  and  over)  per  ft., 
$1.00. 

PHOSPHORUS.  —  (American)  ft  ft., 
76c. 

SILVER.— Chloride,  ft  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

ALUMINUM.— No.  1,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  ft  ft.;  100  fts.,  35c;  1000  fts.,  34c;  ton 
lots  and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

URANIUM.— Oxide,  ft  ft.,  $3.50. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  10, 1903. 


From  Pole  To  Equator 

lTCHES 


^ 


ELGIN 


run 


alike 


An  illustrated  history 
of  the  watch  sent 
free  upon  re- 
quest to 


Every  Elgin  Watch 
is  adjusted  to  all 
conditions  of 
heat  and  cold 
before  leav 
ing     thf 
factory. 


Elgin 
National 
Watch  Co. 
Elgin. III. 


* "* 

SITUATIONS  WANTED. 
** J 


desires  position.    References.    Address  "As- 
sayer,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

BY  A  THOROUGH  PRACTICAL  ALL  ROUND 
mining  and  mill  man  of  wide  experience,  with 
modern  ideas,  pushing  and  energetic,  with  first- 
class  testimonials.  Address  "Quartz,"  care  of 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

BY  EXPERIENCED  ALL  ROUND  MTNE 
SUPERINTENDENT  who  U  also  a  PRAC- 
TICAL UNDERGROUND  FOREMAN,  and  will 
act  as  both,  if  necessary.  Expert  in  catching  up 
badly  caved  workings,  and  speedy  atr-driU  work 
Understand  all  or^s— silver,  lead  and  copper;  gold 
amalgamation  and  concentration.  Set  hollers, 
machinery,  repairs,  remodel  bad  arrangements. 
Salary  reasonable.  Responsible  references.  Ad- 
dress "Confldence,"  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific 
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ences.   Address  "Furnace,"  care  of  this  office 


CYANIDE  CHEMIST  AND  ASSAYER,  AT 
present  in  charge  of  a  cyanide  plant,  will  be 
open  for  engagement  Nov.  1st  Practical  experi- 
ence with  different  systems,  and  excellent  refer- 
ences. Permanency  more  desired  than  high  sal- 
ary.   Address  K.  C.  N.,  care  of  this  oftice. 

POSITION    DESIRED    AS     DRAUGHTSMAN, 
Surveyor,  Assayer  or  Bookkeeper.  Good  refer- 
ences. AddressH.W.K.,Box74,  LongBeach.Wash. 


MUNING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
with  sixteen  years' of  practical  experience  as 
manager,  superintendent  and  consulting  engineer 
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P.  O.  Box  77,  Durango,  Mex. 


SITUATION  AS  MILLMAN  OR  CHARGE  OF 
small  mine,  after  November  15th,  by  middle- 
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Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
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Speaks  and  writes  Spanish.  Will  go  anywhere. 
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WRITE    TO    US 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL    MEN 

For  all  classes  of  work. 

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The  more  you  know  about 
roofings  the  more  thoroughly 
you  will  believe  in  the  effi- 
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Roofing. 

P.  &  B.  Ready  Roofing 
causes  less  annoyance,  less  trou- 
ble, less  bother  and  less  expense 
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all  the  injurious  agencies  that 
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roofing  you  can  well  afford  to 
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Send  for  booklet. 

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San  Francisco,  Seattle, 
Portland,  Los  Angeles, 
and  Denver,   Colorado. 


The  Mines  of  Park  City,  Utah 

Have  furnished  70%  of  the  lead,  63%  of  the  silver, 
70%  of  the  dividends  of  the  State.  Send  20  cents 
for  34-page  Illustrated  edition  of  Park  City  Miner, 
with  map.    N.  B.  DRESSER,  Park  City,  Utah. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION 
having  received  applications  to  mine  by  hydraulic 
process  from  Middle  Yuba  Mining  Co.,  in  La  Mina 
del  Diablo  Mine,  near  Sierra  City,  Sierra  County, 
Cal.,  draining  Into  ravine  which  drains  into  Mid- 
dle Yuba  River;  from  South  Yuba  Minine  and 
Development  Co.,  in  Melster  Mine,  near  Emigrant 
Gap,  Placer  County,  Cal.,  draining  into  Diamond 
Creek,  which  reaches  Yuba  River;  from  Toy  Kee, 
in  Falrplay  Mine,  near  Scales,  Plumas  County, 
Cal.,  draining  into  Rock  Creek,  which  reaches 
Yuba  River,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be 
he  d  at  Room  96.  Flood  Building,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  Oct.  12, 1903,  at  1 :30  P.  M. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION 
having  received  applications  to  mine  by  hydraulic 
process  from  George  Wlest,  in  Magnolia  Mine, 
near  Georgetown,  El  Dorado  County.  Cal ,  drain- 
ing into  Otto  Creek  which  reaches  Middle  Fork  of 
American  River,  and  from  J  J.  Hoffman  and  T.  M. 
Browne,  in  Wm.  Roush  &  Co.  Mine,  near  Forest 
Hill,  Placer  County,  Cat,  drain'ng  into  Volcano 
Canyon  Creek  which  reaches  Middle  Fork  of 
American  River,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will 
be  held  at  Room  96  Flood  Building,  San  Francisco, 
Cal ,  Oct  19, 1903,  at  1:30  p.  m. 


ASSESSMENT   NOTICES, 


LARKIN  MINING  COMPANY.- LOCATION  OF 
principal  place  of  business.  Sari  Francisco,  Califor- 
nia; location  of  works,  El  Dorado  County,  near 
Placerville,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  2  et  day  of  Septem- 
ber. 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  15i  of  two  and  one-half 
(2H>  centa  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  ImmediateJy  in 
United  Slates  gold  c  in  to  tbe  secretary,  at  the 
office  of  the  company,  112  Main  street,  San  Fran- 
citco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  ass*  ssment  Bhall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  October,  1903,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  ad vertisfd  for  ea'e  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  be'o  e.  will  be 
Bold  on  MONDAY,  the  16th  clay  of  November.  1903, 
to  pay  the  delioQuentassessment.tog-et^erwlth  the 
costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

N.  F.  REMINGTON.  Secretary. 

Office— 112  Main  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 


I 


WILLIETTA  MINING  AND  WILLING  COMPANY. 
— Location  of  principal  place  of  business.  San  Fran- 
cisco, California;  location  of  works,  near  Jackson- 
ville. Tuoiurane  County,  Califoroia. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  lPth  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  7)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
Bha'-e  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  Immediately  in  United  States  gold 
cin.  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  company. 
Room  233.  Crocker  Building,  corner  Postand  Market 
streetB,  >an  Francisco  Callf'>rni». 

Any  stock  upon  which  thiB  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  27th  day  of  October,  1903,  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
t'on;  a»d,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
so'd  on  TUESDAY,  the  17th  day  of  November,  1903, 
to  pa?  tbe  de  inquent  assessment,  together  with  tbe 
costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

E.  MCALLISTER,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  233,  Crocker  Building,  corner  Post 
and  Market  streets.  San  Francisco,  California. 

EST"  Prompt  payment  is  requested. 


GOLDEN  WEST  MINING  AND  MILLING  TOM- 
pany. — Location  of  general  place  of  bus  ness, 
San  Francisco,  (allfornia;  location  of  works. 
Tuolumne    County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  tnat  at  a  meetimr  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  llth  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
snare  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  In  United  States 
gold  coin  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, 123  California  St.,  Room  423,  San  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  24th  day  of  October,  1903.  will  be 
delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  November 
1903,  i.u  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together 
with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHAS.  BOVONH,  Secretary. 

Office— 123  California  St.,  Room  423,  San  Fran  Cisco 
California. 


EUREKA  CONSOLIDATED  DRIFT  MINING 
Company.— Location  of  principal  place  of  business. 
San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works,  Placer 
County,  California. 

Notice  Is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  15th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  38)  of  one-half  (%)  cent 
per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  Btock  of  the 
corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin  to  the  secretary,  at  tbe  office  of  the  com- 
pany. Room  31,  214  Pine  street,  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia. 

Any  Btock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  17th  day  of  October.  1903,  will 
be  delinquent  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public  auc- 
tion; and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will  be 
sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  7th  day  of  November,  1903, 
to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together  with  the 
coats  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  W.  DIXON.  Secretary. 

Office— 214  Pine  street,  Room  31,  San  Francisco. 
California. 


HEN  RY  CARET  BAIRD  A  CO., 

INDUSTRIAL  PUBLISHERS,  BOOK  SELLERS  A  IMPORTERS, 
810  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  U.  8.  A. 
|»~0ur  New  and  Revised  Catalogue  of  Practical  and 
Scientific  Books,  92  pages,  8vo.;  a  Catalogue  of  Books  on 
Metallurgy,  Mining,  Prospecting,  Mineralogy,  Qeology, 
Assaying,  Analysis,  etc.;  a.  Catalogue  of  Books  on  Steam 
and  the.  Steam  Engine,  Machinery,  etc.;  a  Catalogue  of 
Books  on  Sanitary  Science,  Gas  Fitting,  Plumbing,  etc., 
and  our  other  Catalogues  and  Circulars,  the  whole  covering 
every  branch  of  Science  applied  to  the  Arts,  sent  free  and 
free  of  postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  of  th*  innrld  vihn 
will  furnish  his  address. 


WEALTH 

IN 
SIGHT. 

The  Territory  tributary  to  the 

Santa    F^e 

System 

In  INDIAN  TERRITORY,  TEXAS,  COLO- 
RADO, NEW  MEXICO,  ARIZONA  and 
CALIFORNIA,  offers  to  limited  Investments 
of  capital,  baoked  by  energy  and  brains, 
unusual  opportunities  for  development  of 
GREAT  MINERAL  PROPERTIES. 

Deposits  of  the  following  are  known  to 
exist  on  and  within  a  few  miles  of  our 
lines : 

Antimony,  Alum,  Asbestos,  Asphalt,  Ba- 
rytes,  Bauxite,  Borax,  Cement  Rook,  Coal, 
Cryolite,  Clays  of  all  kinds,  Copper,  Gold, 
Graphite,  Gypsum,  Granite,  Iron,  Kaolin, 
Lead,  Lithograph  Stone,  Manganese,  Mica, 
Marble,  Mineral  Paints,  Nitre,  Nickel, 
Natural  Gas,  Onyx,  Petroleum,  Phosphate 
Rock,  Pumice  Stone,  Pyrites,  Quicksilver, 
Salt,  Silica,  Strontlanite,  Stone-  -Oolite, 
Lime  and  Sand,  Silver  and  Zinc. 

For  further  Information,  address 

WESLEY  MERRITT, 

Industrial  Commissioner, 

Atch.,  Top.  and  Santa  Fe  System, 
CHICAQO,  ILL. 


M  OMP V  Deve,°Ped  °r  p^ty derel" 

ITlUliL/l  oped  wblch  have  Ore  in 

¥  A  A  vrrTm  sUnt-     First-class  refer- 

LUAJNCJJ  ences'    Established  1855. 

MTVfCC  E.  H.  BREITDNG  4  CO., 
iTililEd.  Marquette,  Mich 


Tacoma  Smelting  Company, 


BUYERS     OF1 


GOLD,  SILVER,  LEAD  AND  COPPER  ORES, 
COPPER  MATTE  AND  FURNACE  PRODUCTS. 

Xacoma,    Washington. 


Aaron's  Assaying,  ,1 

THIRD  EDITION --REVISED  AND  REWRITTEN. 


PARTS 
and  III. 


.New  type;  new  illustrations;  new  matter;  better  than  ever;  reduced  in 
price  to  $1.50  postpaid  to  any  part  of  the  world.  The  practical  character  of 
this  book  has  made  it  the  favorite  everywhere  in  the  mining  world  among 
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Address  Book  Dept.  Mining  and  Scientific  Press, 

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Forms  of  Mine  Shafts. 


There  are  various  ideas  concerning  the  arrange- 
ment, size  and  shape  of  mine  shafts,  with  a  view  to 
gei  uring  the  greatest  economy,  not  only  in  sinking. 
hut  in  subsequent  utilization  for  hoisting,  ventilation 
and  maintenance.  The  usual  form  is  rectangular, 
ami  tin-  greater  number  of  shafts  probably  have  two 
compartments,  though  among  the  deepnr  shafts 
three  compartments  are  more  common.  In  the  very 
deep  modern  shafts,  which  mark  a  new  era  in  min- 
ing, there  are  five,  six  and  even  a  greater  number  of 
compartments.  Formerly  shafts  for  metal  miues 
wrrr  provided  with  two  compartments — one  for 
hoisting  and  one  for  manway,  pipes,  etc.  Sometimes 
hoisting  is  done  through  the  manway  compartment, 
which  is  a  dangerous  practice  and  should  not  be  per- 
mitted. In  better  arranged  and  larger  shafts  two 
compartments  were  provided  for  hoisting  and  one  of 
them,  somewhat  larger  than  the  others,  was  re- 
served for  manway  and  pipes  for  air  and  water. 
Ore.  waste  and  mine  trash,  as  well  as  water,  timber 
and  men,  were  handled  in  the  hoisting  compartments, 


and  in  mines  where  a  tonnage  not  ex- 
ceeding 40(1  to  ."illll  tons  daily  through  a 
.single  shaft  was  required,  such  an  ar- 
rangement has  been  found  satisfac- 
tory, but  in  mines  requiring  a  much 
larger  output,  and  where  very  large 
amounts  of  timbers  in  addition  to  the 
men  must  be  handled,  it  has  been  found 
advisable  to  divide  the  shaft  in  a  man- 
ner which  will  most  conveniently  ac- 
commodate the  traffic  through  it. 
Some  of  the  larger  shafts  are  divided 
into  six  compartments,  in  two  parallel 
rows  of  three  each,  a  portion  of  these 
being  equipped  with  hoisting  cages  or 
skips,  the  others  reserved  for  men  and 
pipes.  A  still  later  idea  is  the  subdivi- 
sion of  the  shaft  into  several  compart- 
ments of  varying  size,  the  largest  be- 
ing for  timbers,  which  are  loaded  fiat 
on  the  car,  instead  of  being  stood  on 
end  and  lashed  to  the  cage  or  dumped 
into  the  skip  to  be  hauled  out  with  a 


f.iRicrnr-tniMaijaiHriKJaap  I 


Dorleska  Quartz  Mill  and  Sawmill,  Trinity  County,  Cal.     (See  Page  252.) 


Dorleska  Tunnel  No.  2  and  Snowshed,  Trinity  County,  Cal.     (See  Page  252.) 


Dorleska  Shaft  House,  Trinity  County,  Cal.     (See  Page  252.) 


'"snatch-block."  The  next  smaller  sized  compart- 
ment is  for  manway  and  pipes — ventilator,  water 
and  compressed  air,  pump  rod  and  also  electric 
wires.  In  some  large  shafts,  a  separate  small  com- 
partment is  fitted  with  a  cage  for  the  special  use  of 
foreman,  pump  men  and  others  whose  duties  re- 
quire them  to  frequently  go  down  and  up  the  shaft. 
This  arrangement  is  found  to  be  a  great  conve- 
nience and  time  saver.  The  service  cage,  as  it  is 
called,  is  operated  by  a  small  separate  engine,  and 
is  entirely   independent  of  the  other  cages  or  skips. 

In  Mexico  several  large  circular  shafts  have  been 
sunk  in  past  years  by  native,  labor.  Some  of  them 
are  about  2000  feet  deep  and  16  to  20  feet  in  diame- 
ter, and  they  constitute  some  of  the  best  and  most 
extraordinary  of  the  engineering  feats  found  in  that 
Republic.  These  shafts  are  divided  into  rectangular 
compartments,  and  the  hoisting  in  the  past  has  been 
done  in  buckets. 

In  the  early  days  of  mining  on  the  Comstock  lode, 
at  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  an  "L"  shaped  shaft,  known 
as  the  Foreman  shaft,  was  sunk,  the  "  L,"  which  was 
extended  out  from  one  end,  being  utilized  for  man- 
way,  pumps,  etc.,  but  it  did  not  meet  with  favor,  for 
it  has  not  been  duplicated  on  the  Comstock".  nor,  as 
far  as  known,  elsewhere.  A  shaft  constructed  in  the 
form  of  an  "  L"  or  in  any  other  irregular  shape,  is 
certain  to  give  trouble  in  case  heavy  pressure  re- 
sults and  the  ground  shifts.  It  is  much  easier  to 
keep  a  rectangular  shaft  squared  up,  under  such  con- 
ditions, than  one  of  irregular  form.  The  daily  ca- 
pacity of  a  large  modern  shaft  varies  with  the' 
vehicles  employed  to  handle,  the  rock,  and  upon  the 
arrangements  underground  to  load  the  skips,  or  to 
place  loaded  cars  on  the  cages.  Skips  are  generally 
recognized  as  superior  to  cages,  affording  a  larger 
capacity  for  hoisting,  beside  being  more  economical. 
With  cages  there  is  always  more  or  less  loss  of  time 
in  coming  to  a  state  of  rest  upon  the  chairs,  and 
running  the  cars  upon  the  deck,  and  this  difficulty  is 
usually  increased  by  reason  of  each  cage  being  pro- 
vided with  several  decks.  The  loss  of  time  increases 
with  increasing  depth,  the  spring  of  the  cable  inter- 
fering considerably  with  loading.  In  the  case  of 
skips  the  carmen  dump  the  ore-laden  cars  into  the 
ore  pockets  beneath  the  station,  and  the  skip  can  be 
loaded  immediately  upon  its  arrival  at  the  loading 
chute.  In  the  South  African  diamond  mines,  at  one 
of  the  shafts  the  skip  is  lowered  1700  feet  or  more, 
and  the  signal  is  often  given  to  hoist  the  loaded  skip 
before  it  has  fairly  come  to  a  stop.  The  round  trip, 
from  the  surface  to  this  level,  is  made  in  less  than  one 
minute,  including  loading  below  and  dumping  of  the 
skip  at  the  surface.  The  ore  pocket  holds  one  skip 
load  and  it  is  loaded  automatically.  At  a  shaft  of 
this  character  it  is  not  uncommon  to  hoist  over  3000 
tons  hijtwenty-four  hours. 


247 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS. 


ESTABLISHED  i860. 


Published   Every  Saturday   at   330    Market   Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
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SAN  FRANCISCO,  OCTOBER  17,  1903. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

ILLUSTRATIONS:  Page. 

Dorleska  Quartz  Mill  and  Sawmill,  Trinity  Co.,  Cal 246 

Dorleska  Tunnel  No.  2  and  Snowshed,  Trinity  Co.,  Cal 246 

Dorleska  Shalt  House,  Trinity  Co.,  Cal 248 

Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins 249 

The  Ventilation  of  Deep  Levels 250 

The  Late  J.  F.  Parks 251 

Swinging  Platform  Switch 253 

Showing  Platform  Switch  in  Place .254 

Manner  of  Placing  Platform  Switch —   254 

The  Overstrom  Concentrator 256 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 257 

EDITORIAL: 

Forms  of  Mine  Shafts 246 

Silver  Advancing 247 

An  Incentive  to  Invention 247 

Rationaleof  the  Fumes  Nuisance 247 

New  Use  for  a  Mine  Model 247 

The  Result  of  Improved  Methods 247 

MINING  SUMMARY  258-259-260-201-262 

LATEST  MARKET   REPORTS 263 

MISCELLANEOUS: 

Concentrates *■ 248 

Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins 249 

The  Ventilation  of  Deep  Levels 250 

Death  of  J.  F.  Parks 251 

The  Metallurgy  of  the  Homestake  Ore 251 

The  Dorleska  Gold  Mine 252 

Hot  Blast  Smelting  for  the  Production  of  Lead 252 

Cyanide  Plant  and  Practice  at  Ymir  Mine,  British  Columbia  —  253 

Swinging  Platform  Switch 254 

Electrolytic  Refining  of  Copper 254 

Testing  Methods  in  the  Physical  Examination  of  Portland  Ce- 
ments  255 

The  Overstrom  Concentrator 256 

Electricity  vs.  the  Mule 256 

Some  Observed  Electrical  Phenomena 256 

Meeting  of  the  California  Miners'  Association 256 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 257 

Obituary 262 

Books  Received 262 

New  Patents 262 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents 262 

Personal 263 

Commercial  Paragraphs 263 


FOR  the  first  time  in  many  months  bar  silver  has 
been  quoted  in  New  York  and  San  Francisco  at 
over  60  cents;  in  London,  England,  28id.  This 
pleasing  advance  over  recent  quotations  is  largely 
due  to  the  large  purchase  by  the  United  States  Mint 
for  Philippine  coinage,  the  government  paying  60. 125 
cents  per  ounce  for  1,000,000  ounces.  This  is  the 
highest  price  paid  for  silver  by  the  Government  under 
the  present  conditions.  The  slow  but  steady  ad- 
vance in  price  is  also  partly  due  to  the  large  de- 
mands for  the  metal  in  India.  Whatever  the  cause 
which  induce  a  rising  price  for  the  white  metal,  it  is 
viewed  with  satisfaction  by  every  miner  who  produces 
silver,  whether  as  a  by-product  with  gold  or  copper, 
or  from  silver  ores. 


An  Incentive  to  Invention. 


The  New  Zealand  Government  is  still  offer- 
ing a  bonus  of  $10,000  to  any  one  who,  be- 
fore January  1,  1904,  will  invent  such  appli- 
ances as  will  successfully  extract  gold  from  black, 
sands  in  New  Zealand.  This  is  a  proposition  that 
has  doubtless  interested  many  American  miners  of 
inventive  turn  of  mind,  and  particularly  those  who 
have  experimented  on  the  black  sand  proposition  and 
either  completely  or  partially  succeeded  in  their 
efforts.  There  appears,  however,  to  be  a  string  at- 
tached to  this  $10,000  bonus,  if  one  can  judge  by  the 
requirements  of  the  Minister  of  Mines.  Some  of  the 
pre-requisites  to  carrying  off  the  reward  are  that 
the  invention  shall  differ  from  all  those  now  in  use;  it 
shall  be  easy  to  transport  from  place  to  place,  and 
shall  be  capable  of  utilizing  local  water  in  all  of  its 
requirements;  it  must  be  capable  of  treating  not  less 
than  30  cubic  yards  per  hour  of  black  sand  or  coarser 
material  up  to  4  inches  diameter,  and  must  treat  it 
profitably  where  it  does  not  contain  in  gold  more  than 
6  cents  per  cubic  yard,  saving  not  less  than  80%  of 


the  gold;  no  bonus  to  be  paid  until  the  invention  shall 
have  been  in  use  for  not  less  than  six  months,  having 
treated  no  less  than  100';  000  cubic  yards  of  material 
working  three  shifts  per  day;  and  no  less  than 
twenty  persons  must  be  making  individual  use  of  the 
invention.  These  few  restrictions  will  probably 
prove  no  great  incentive  to  the  inventive  faculty  of 
the  miners  who  read  the  offer,  and  the  Minister  of 
Mines  is  fairly  safe  in  making  it. 


Rationale  of  the  Fumes  Nuisance. 


Sulphurous  fumes  are  incidental  to  the  operation 
of  the  fire  treatment  of  sulphide  ores  the  world  over. 
Tf  ores  are  roasted  in  heaps,  or  in  stalls,  sulphurous 
fumes  result.  If  the  ore  be  smelted  and  matted  in  a 
reverberatory  or  stack  furnace,  sulphurous  fumes 
are  a  natural  result.  How  to  control  or  prevent  the 
escape  of  these  fumes  into  the  atmosphere  has  been 
a  vexed  question  for  many  years.  The  operation  of 
reduction  works  in  some  instances  has  led  to  expen- 
sive litigation,  and  in  some  cases  to  the  closing  of 
the  works.  There  are  several  places  where  com- 
plaint is  being  made  against  the  so-called  ' '  smoke 
nuisance,"  but  what  can  be  done  to  stop  it,  aside, 
from  discontinuing  the  smelting  of  ores,  is  still  an 
unsolved  problem.  If  the  fumes  are  allowed  to  pass 
without  restraint  up  the  stack,  the  gases  pour  out 
into  the  air  and  settle  on  the  land,  drifting  away  with 
the  wind,  and  more  or  less  damage  to  vegetation 
usually  results.  If  the  fumes  are  passed  through  a 
spray  of  water  much  of  the  gas  is  absorbed,  and  this 
would  afford  a  solution  of  the  difficulty  if  the  acid- 
laden  water  could  be  disposed  of  at  a  nominal  ex- 
pense; but,  as  it  cannot,  it  flows  into  the  nearest 
natural  stream  and  pollutes  its  waters  for  miles, 
killing  vegetation  and  sometimes  stock.  Numerous 
large  concerns,  like  some  of  those  of  Butte,  Mont., 
have  expended  great  sums  of  money  in  experiment- 
ing in  various  ways  to  devise  a  method  to  abate  the 
contamination  of  the  air  by  sulphurous  gases,  but 
without  complete  success  as  yet.  The  one  peculiar 
thing  in  connection  with  the  complaints  against  sul- 
phurous fumes  from  reduction  works  is  that  the  com- 
plaints are  most  bitter  on  the  part  of  those  who  are 
directly  benefited.  When  great  reduction  works  are 
built  they  are  usually  located  in  a  sparsely  settled 
section,  and  their  operation  results  in  the  establish- 
ment and  maintenance  of  a  town.  The  inhabitants 
are  composed  largely  of  the  workmen  in  the  smelt- 
ers, merchants,  and  others,  who  depend  wholly  upon 
the  operation  of  the  reduction  works  for  a  livelihood, 
or  for  business  resulting  from  trade  with  those  thus 
employed.  Should  the  smelters  be  closed  down,  the 
town,  having  no  other  support,  would  quickly  be 
deserted  by  the  greater  portion  of  its  inhabitants, 
who  would  seek  more  active  fields,  the  reduction 
company  would  lose  heavily  on  its  investment,  and 
no  one  would  be  benefited.  The  majority  of  the 
town  have  little  they  cannot  remove  with  them, 
and  yet  they  do  not  realize  that  to  abate  the  smoke, 
means  the  closing  of  the  smelters,  the  loss  of  occupa- 
tion, and  still  no  gain.  In  some  instances  it  looks  as 
though  there  were  something  besides  "smoke  "  back 
of  all  the  opposition  to  the  fumes,  for, "after  having 
endured  them  for  years  without  serious  damage  or 
complaint,  it  is  suddenly  discovered  that  the  fumes  are 
disagreeable,  unhealthy,  etc.,  and  active  steps  are 
taken  to  tie  up  or  discontinue  a  great  industry. 


New  Use  for  a  Mine  Model. 


At  the  Alaska-Treadwell  mine,  Juneau,  Alaska, 
the  manager  has  introduced  a  novel  plan  as  a  help  in 
the  development  and  working  of  the  mine,  in  the  form 
of  a  model  made  of  wood,  constructed  on  a  scale  of 
30  feet  to  1  inch,  being  the.  scale  of  the  mine  maps. 
The  model  is  sectional,  made  of  pine  blocks,  each 
representing  100  feet  in  width  on  the  vein,  and  the 
distance  between  levels.  The  stopes  and  drifts  are 
carved  out  of  the  wood  monthly,  from  the  notes  of  the 
mine  surveyor,  the  model  being  in  this  way  kept  up 
to  date.  One  of  the  practical  results  arising  from  its 
use,  it  is  said,  is  in  showing  where  pillars  and  but- 
tresses of  rock  should  be  left  standing  to  support  the 
hanging  wall,  and  also  where  ore  may  be  removed 
with  safety  to  the  surrounding  workings.  The  model 
is  studied  carefully  by  the  foreman  and  shift  bosses, 
and  it  is  said  to  have  proven  of  great  value  in  the 


operation  of  the  mine.  The  employment  of  mine  maps 
is  not  new,  in  keeping  close  watch  of  development, 
but  the  use'  of  models  for  this  purpose  is  novel. 
Heretofore  mine  models  have  usually  been  employed 
for  the  purposes  of  illustrating  mine  development  in 
the  event  of  litigation  ;  but  this  new  use  of  the  mine 
model  can  not  fail  to  be  of  practical  value.  It  affords 
a  comprehensive  idea  of  the  relative  position  of  levels, 
stopes  and  other  cuttings,  and  the  relation  of  the 
various  ore  bodies  to  one  another.  Possibly  a  model 
made  of  plaster  of  Paris  would  prove  easier  to  carve 
out  than  pine  wood,  but  the  idea  of  a  model  of  any 
material  is  suggestive,  and  practical  men  will  ap- 
prove such  an  innovation  in  mine  development  and 
operation. 

The  Result  of  Improved  Methods. 

The  dump,  and  even  the  ore  which  a  few  years  ago 
was  commercially  valueless,  can  often  be  made  to-day 
a  source  of  profitable  income  by  reason  of  a  more  per- 
fect understanding  of  methods  of  ore  treatment. 

Among  other  branches  of  ore  treatment  that  of 
concentration  is  advancing,  and  taking  an  important 
place.  In  Europe  ore  dressing  has  been  an  art  for 
decades  past,  but  in  the  Western  United  States  the 
low  grade  ores  had  "been  neglected  because  the  ad- 
vantages and  practice  of  concentration  were  not  well 
understood,  but  it  is  finding  a  constantly  widening 
application.  Still  in  many  districts  too  little  atten- 
tion is  given  this  important  matter.  Ores  are  shipped 
in  bulk  or  rudely  hand-sorted  and  the  best  portion 
sent  to  the  smelters,  at  a  profit,  it  is  true,  but  at 
a  greater  cost  than  would  be  necessary  if  concentra- 
tion by  mechanical  means  were  first  employed.  The 
second  grade  ores  remain  on  the  dump  in  many  cases, 
practically  waste,  though  containing  good  values. 
In  some  mines  the  ores  are  so  distributed  through 
the  gangue  that  hand  sorting  can  be  carried  on  rap- 
idly and  economically,  but  this  is  only  the  case  where 
the  ore  occurs  in  considerable  masses.  Hand  sorting 
is  not  economically  practicable  when  the  mineral  oc- 
curs in  the  form  of  disseminated  grains. 

Concentrating  machinery  is  designed  for  specific 
purposes,  but  has  considerable  range  of  application. 
Most  ores  are  easily  concentrated  at  low  cost,  but 
some  complex  ores,  such  as  those  containing  an  in- 
timate mixture  of  pyrite,  galena  and  blende,  afford 
unsatisfactory  results.  _  Fortunately  the  latter  class 
of  ores  do  not  occur  universally,  though  found  in 
large,  quantity  in  some  mining  regions,  but  even  this 
class  of  ore  is  now  successfully  treated  by  the  elec- 
tro-magnetic separator.  Generally  a  plant  consist- 
ing of  rock  breakers,  rolls,  trommels,  jigs  and  con- 
centrating tables,  buddies  or  belt  machines  are  better 
adapted  to  concentrating  ores  than  stamps  and  con- 
centrating machines  alone,  for  the  reason  that 
a  large  percentage  of  the  mineral  is  obtained  in  the 
first  parts  of  the  operation,  the  particles  being  com- 
paratively coarse,  the  fine  material  being  collected  in 
the  latter  part  of  the  process.  Stamps  crush  all 
portions  so  fine  that  the  subsequent  recovery  of  the 
smallest  particles,  which  in  some  ores  crushed  by 
stamps  form  the  largest  portion  of  the  valuable  min- 
eral, becomes  a  matter  of  great  difficulty.  In  the 
treatment  of  this  character  of  material  the  hydraulic 
sizing  cones  and  boxes  are  invaluable.  Rolls  usually 
make  a  more  uniform  product,  as  they  have  a  tend, 
ency  to  crack  and  not  to  grind  the  ore;  and  as  most 
sulphide  minerals  break  along  the  lines  of  their  natu- 
ral cleavage  when  subjected  to  crushing  force,  the 
small  grains  have  angular  faces  which  seem  to  facili- 
tate their  separation  from  the  gangue.  It  is  the  aim 
of  the  successful  concentrator  to  make  as  few  slimes 
as  possible. 

When  ores  high  grade  enough  to  ship  without  sort- 
ing are  concentrated  by  machinery,  the  gangue,  i1 
containing  values  in  gold  and  silver,  may  be  sepa- 
rately treated  subsequently  by  amalgamation  or 
some  leaching  process.  If  they  will  not  pay  for  this 
subsequent  manipulation  they  certainly  will  not  pay 
the  transportation  and  reduction  charges  when 
shipped  to  the  smelter.  It  is  a  mistake  which  many 
miners  make  to  send  poor  ore  with  rich,  even  though 
the  average  be  high,  for  if  the  poor  ore  alone  will 
not  pay,  it  pays  no  better  when  mingled  with  the 
high-grade  ore.  This  is  a  simple  proposition  which 
seems  to  be  lost  sight  of  in  the  desire  to  secure  quan- 
tity. In  shipping  ores  the  aim  should  be  to  get  as 
high  a  value  in  as  small  a  bulk  as  possible. 


OiTHiiEit  17,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


24S 


9 9 

CONCENTRATES. 

y o 


An  alio;  resembling  silver  la  mode  bom  loo  parte  cop- 
per, 70  parts  nickel,  1  part  aluminum  and  S  parts  iron 
tungstate. 

THE  dark  blue  mineral  on  the  rock  specimen  from 
Newport,  Or.,  is  iron.     It  occurs  as  a  thin  film  on  the 

i-ock.  and  lias  no  value. 

THE  smallest  blast  furnace  generally  in  use  is  20  inches 
in  diameter  at  the  tuyeres,  but  a  30-ton  furnace  is  the 
smallest  that  can  be  successfully  and  continuously  oper- 
ated. 

THE  size  of  revcrbcratory  furnaces  has  increased 
greatly  since  they  Were  lii'st  introduced.  Modern  fur- 
naces arc  14  to  15  feot  wide  and  somo  of  them  05  to  80 
feet  in  length. 

Occasionally  water  ditches  are  walled  up  on   the 

sides  (revetted)  and  paved  on  the  bottom,  for  the  purpose 
of  preventing  caving  of  the  earth  and  the  rapid  cutting 
of  the  banks  and  bottom  bv  the.  stream. 


Native  gold  frequently  occurs  in  the  granite  wall 
rocks  of  the  veins  in  Soulsbyville  district,  Tuolumne 
county,  Cal.  It  is  not  unusual  to  find  gold  in  the  wall 
rocks  of  rich  veins,  in  any  kind  of  rock  formation. 


The  peripheral  speed  of  two  pulleys  of  different  diame- 
ter, if  running  with  the  same  bolt,  will  be  identical  if 
there  bo  no  slipping  of  the  belt.  The  number  of  revolu- 
tions in  a  stated  time  will  vary  as  the  diameters  of  the 
pulleys. 

The  white  silvery  mineral  in  No.  1  of  the  rock  sam- 
ples from  Liscom,  Ariz.,  is  mica.  The  same  mineral  may 
he  seen  in  No.  2,  but  is  less  prominent,  not  having  been 
burned.  The  rock  is  motamorphic,  evidently  of  erup- 
tive origin. 

In  sloping  the  sidos  of  open  cuts,  if  the  material  be 
oarth,  the  slope  should  not  be  greater  than  45°  (1  in  1), 
and  less  is  better;  but  in  rock  the  sides  may  be  made 
much  steeper,  from  75°  to  90°,  according  to  the  character 
of  the  rock. 

Quicksilver  is  produced  in  the  United  States  in 
California,  Texas  and  Utah.  It  is  also  known  to  exist  in 
Oregon,  Nevada  and  Arizona.  Austria,  Australia,  China, 
Brazil,  India,  Italy,  Mexico,  Peru  and  Spain  also  have 
quicksilver  deposits. 

The  discharge  column  of  a  piston  pump  is  always 
made  smaller  than  the  suction.  On  the  other  hand  the 
discharge  of  a  centrifugal  pump  is  usually  larger  than 
the  intake,  but  the  height  to  which  the  latter  can  lift  a 
column  of  water  is  limited. 


Black  prints  of  drawings  may  be  made  from  blue 
prints  by  using  the  thin  brown  print  paper  instead  of 
the  blue.  The  light  passes  through  the  white  lines  on 
the  blue  print,  and  makes  the  black  or  dark  brown  print 
desired  on  the  brown  print  paper. 


About  30,000  cubic  feet  of  natural  gas  was  consumed 
in  making  one  ton  of  iron  from  ore,  in  the  reverberatory 
process,  employed  by  the  Carbon  Iron  Co.  in  Pennsyl- 
vania some  years  since,  in  making  iron  direct  from 
the  ore,  without  use  of  the  blast  furnace. 


IN  seeking  for  a  reservoir  site  for  the  head  of  a  water 
system  it  is  important  that  the  site  drain  a  watershed 
of  sufficient  area  to  insure  a  permanent  flow  of  water. 
If  the  reservoir  is  supplied  by  a  ditch,  the  area  of  water- 
shed tributary  to  the  auxiliary  reservoir  is  unimportant. 


Iron  matte  smelting  is  a  phase  of  pyritic  smelting 
and  consists  in  smelting  "  dry  "  sulphide  ores  containing 
not  less  than  15%  iron  sulphide,  with  from  10%  to  20% 
coke,  a  cold  blast  being  employed.  It  is  necessary  that 
a  small  amount  of  copper  be  present  to  obtain  clean 
slag.  

The  percentage  of  antimony  in  hard  lead  may  be  de- 
termined by  the  specific  gravity  method.  The  percent- 
age of  each  metal  can  be  determined  only  approximately, 
as  the  density  of  these  metals  is  not  absolutely  constant. 
The  specific  gravity  of  lead  is  11.35  to  11.37  and  that  of 
antimony  from  6.65  to  6.72. 


The  melting  point  of  pure  lead  is  334°  P.  and  that  of 
tin  230°  F.  All  alloys  of  lead  and  tin  have  a  lower  melt- 
ing point  than  that  of  either  of  the  metals.  An  alloy  of 
one  tin  to  two  lead  melts  at  226°,  and  one  part  lead  to 
one  of  tin  melts  at  180°.  Solder  made  of  these  two 
metals  is  much  harder  and  stronger  than  either  of  them 
alone.  

Careful  experiment  has  shown  that  water-soaked 
timber  has  the  same  strength  as  green  timber,  even 
though  the  timber  had  once  been  thoroughly  dried. 
Green  timber  has  about  55%  to  60%  of  the  strength  of 
timber  having  about  12%  moisture.  Yellow  or  long-leaf 
pine  will  stand  an  endwise  crushing  load  of  8000  pounds 
per  square  inch,  and  1180  pounds  per  square  inch  across 


the  grain.  This  Is  for  timber  containing  12",,  moisture. 
Pine  limber  of  this  .lass  weighs  about  thirty-eight 
pounds  per  square  foot:  when  green  it  weighs  from  one- 
fifth  to  one-half  more  than  dry   timbers. 


In  various  localities  more  or  less  successful  attempts 
are  being  made  to  treat  raw  concentrates  by  various 
modifications  of  the  cyanide  process,  but  in  few  in- 
stances has  it  been  found  possible  to  extract  a  high 
percentage  of  gi, Id  and  silver  from  coarse  material,  noth- 
ing hut  the  finest  concentrates,   like  that  from  canvas 

tables,  giving  high  returns. 


IN  the  refining  of  metals  by  electrolysis,  not  only  a 
high  grade  of  metal  is  produced,  but  the  slimes  formed 
during  the  process  contain  nearly  all  of  any  gold  or  sil- 
ver that  may  have  been  present  in  the  original  metal. 
It  has  been  estimated  that  about  27.OIKI.000  ounces  of 
silver  and  346,1100  ounces  of  gold  are  annually  obtained  in 
the  United  States  by  this  method. 


When  aluminum  is  alloyed  with  gold  in  the  propor- 
tion of  (me  part  aluminum  to  one  gold  the  metal  assumes 
a  green  color.  The  alloy  is  very  hard  but  brittle.  An 
alloy  of  five  parts  aluminum  and  ninety-five  parts  gold 
makes  a  metal  as  brittle  as  glass.  An  alloy  of  five  to 
seven  parts  aluminum,  ninety-five  parts  copper  and  two 
and  one-half  parts  gold  makes  a  metal  that  resembles 
gold. 


Ores  containing  oxidized  copper  ores  (carbonates,  sili- 
cates and  oxides)  and  tine  gold  may  be  found  amenable 
to  the  cyanide  process  if  the  copper  first  be  leached  from 
the  ores  and  the  tailings  subsequently  cyanided.  The 
cyanide  process  is  frequently  an  experiment.  Because 
one  ore  is  easily  treated  by  it  is  no  indication  that  an- 
other similar  ore  can  as  readily  be  made  to  yield  its 
values. 

In  the  construction  of  mill  foundations  on  a  terraced 
hillside,  the  alluvial  may  be  removed  by  hydraulicking 
with  a  pipe  before  the  rock  work  begins.  It  has  the 
advantage  of  cheaply  removing  the  earth  from  the  bed- 
rock, and  also  exposes  all  of  the  underlying  rock  surface 
and  furnishes  information  to  the  engineer  which  is  of 
use  to  him  in  locating  the  several  terraces  of  the  mill  to 
best  advantage. 

Where  a  vein  gradually  thins  out  and  comes  to  a 
wedge-like  edge  in  a  fissure,  in  the  presence  of  heavy 
clay-like  walls,  it  is  often  found  that  another  ore  shoot 
has  formed  in  either  the  foot  or  hanging  wall,  at  no 
great  distance.  Often  when  this  is  the  case  the  two 
shoots  will  be  found  to  develop,  and  this  condition  is 
often  observed  both  longitudinally  and  downward  on  the 
pitch  of  the  vein. 

Barrel  chlorination  is  a  process  by  which  ores 
are  treated  in  a  closed  revolving  lead-lined  barrel.  The 
ore  is  charged  with  bleaching  powder  (chloride  of  lime), 
water  and  sulphuric  acid.  ,  The  action  of  the  acid  on  the 
"  bleach  "  frees  chlorine  gas  and  considerable  heat  is 
generated  in  the  process.  The  chlorine  attacks  the  gold 
and  silver  present  in  the  ore,  which  is  subsequently  re- 
covered by  precipitation. 

Various  kinds  of  earthy  materials  do  not  shrink  uni- 
formly when  excavated  and  dumped  in  an  embankment 
or  elsewhere.  An  embankment  requires  considerable 
time  to  shrink  to  its  most  compact  volume.  When  first 
excavated,  earth  makes  a  much  larger  volume  than  the 
original  measurement.  Earth  contracts  to  the  extent  of 
10%,  and  rock,  when  broken,  fills  from  40%  to  60%  more 
space  than  it  did  originally. 


Where  fumes  were  given  off  from  boiling  sulphuric 
acid  a  jet  of  steam  was  introduced  into  the  pipe  which 
led  the  fumes  to  a  stack.  This  was  done  to  condense  the 
fumes,  but  the  fumes  were  absorbed  by  the  steam  form- 
ing sulphuric  acid,  which  attacked  the  heavy  iron  pipe, 
destroying  it  in  a  few  hours;  a  lead-lined  pipe  was  then 
substituted  for  the  one  corroded  by  the  acid,  which 
proved  proof  against  attack. 


Sheet  mica,  of  good  size,  is  used  for  stoves,  and 
smaller  sheets  in  electrical  work.  The  price  of  mica 
sheets  during  1902  was  about  as  follows:  2x4  inches,  30 
cents  per  pound;  3x3  inches,  80  cents;  3x4  inches,  $1.50; 
4x4  inches,  $2;  6x6  inches,  $3.  Larger  sheets  sell  at 
much  higher  prices.  Clean  refuse  mica  is  worth  from 
$20  to  $30  per  ton.  It  is  either  used  for  insulating  pur- 
poses or  in  the  manufacture  of  lubricants. 


An  adjustable  speed  regulator  for  concentrating  ma- 
chines can  be  provided  by  using  two  cone-shaped  pulleys 
and  providing  the  belt  with  a  shifter.  Belt  concentra- 
tors should  he  run  at  180  to  220  revolutions  per  minute, 
depending  on  the  size  and  make  of  machine;  and  shaking 
tables  are  usually  run  at  240  to  260  revolutions  per  min- 
ute, 240  being  the  minimum  at  which  good  work  can  be 
accomplished.  The  speed  is  increased  with  increasing 
fineness  of  material  being  treated. 


Blasting  compounds  are  of  two  classes — slow-burn- 
ing and  detonating.  Black  blasting  powder  belongs  to 
the  first  class  and  nitro  powders  to  the  second  class. 
Black  powder  is  ignited  by  heat  and  is  comparatively 
slow  burning,  the  ignition  proceeding  from  grain  to  grain, 
the  heat  and  pressure  developed  being  relatively  low. 
The  nitro  compounds — powders,  as  they  are  called — ex- 
plode by  detonation,  and  the  process   of  explosion  is  in- 


stantaneous, the  force  developed  being  much  greater 
than  in  an  equal  hulk  or  weight  of  black  powder.  It  is 
not  necessary  that  nitro  powder  should  bo  accompanied 
bj  the  fulminate  cap  detonator  to  effect  its  explosion,  it. 
can  be  exploded  bj  a  blow  from  a  pick  or  hammer,  and 
even  by  atmospheric  shock. 


ACCORDING  to  the  B.  and   S.  standard   gauge.    No.   20 
wire    is   0.03196]    inch   in  thickness,   and   No.  25  is  0.0179 

inch  in  thickness.     In  ordering  wire  for  speeilic  purposes 
it  is  always  better  to  give  the  thickness  of  the  wire  re- 


quired in  thousandths  of  an  inch  instead  of  by  number 
This  avoids  the  trouble  incident  to  the  numerous  gauges 

The  size  of  wire  used  in  brass  wire  mill  screens  varies 
with  the  mesh  of  the  screen,  A  30-mesh  screen  is  usually 
made  of  No.  30  wire. 


The  junior  tunnol  site  locator  has  no  right  to  pene- 
trate by  means  of  a  crosscut  tunnol  the  claims  of  a  senior 
locator  for  any  purpose  whatever.  In  other  words,  a 
tunnel  site  owner  can  not  drive  his  crosscut  tunnel 
through  a  claim  previously  located,  to  reach  his  own 
claims  which  lie  beyond.  Nor  can  a  tunnel  be  started 
on  ground  owned  or  claimed  by  another  without  his  eon- 
sent,  and  the  property  can  not  be  condemned  for  such 
purpose.  Mining  is  not  gonorally  recognized  as  a  public 
utility,  except  in  some  of  the  older  Eastern  States,  as 
New  York,  where  all  mineral  is  owned  by  the  Sta'o. 
The  question  of  right  of  way  over  or  through  the  prop- 
erty of  others  for  mining  purposes  is  determined  to  a 
great  extent  by  the  special  legislation  of  the  several 
States.  The  rights  of  a  senior  locator,  however,  can  not 
be  cut  off  by  a  junior. 

Cobalt  is  rarely  found  unassociated  with  other  min- 
erals. It  is  usually  accompanied  by  arsenic,  nickel,  cop- 
per, manganese,  iron  and  bismuth.  It  is  obtained  in  the 
form  of  metal  by  treating  at  a  high  heat  cobalt  oxide 
with  charcoal.  It  resembles  iron  in  many  of  its  proper- 
ties, but  is  said  to  possess  a  greater  tenacity  than  iron. 
Smalt  is  a  blue  color  formed  by  the  association  of  cobalt- 
ous  silicate  with  potassium  silicate.  It  is  prepared  by 
roasting  the  cobalt  ore  so  as  to  convert  the  bulk  of  the 
cobalt  into  oxide,  leaving  a  considerable  quantity  of 
arsenic  and  sulphur  still  in  the  ore.  The  residue  is  fused 
in  a  crucible  with  ground  quartz  and  carbonate  of 
potash,  forming  a  blue  glass  containing  cobalt  silicate 
and  potassium  silicate.  The  iron,  nickel  and  copper 
combined  with  arsenic  settle  to  the  bottom  of  the  cruci- 
ble, as  speiss,  which  is  subsequently  treated  for  nickel. 
The  blue  glass  is  poured  into  water,  which  granulates  it. 

Metallic  lead  may  be  hardened  by  the  addition  of 
0.118%  to  0.352%  of  bismuth.  This  makes  .lead  hard, 
somewhat  crystalline,  and  more  readily  fusible.  The 
addition  of  tin  also  hardens  lead,  but  lead  containing  tin 
is  more  easily  affected  by  sulphuric  acid  than  pure  lead. 
Small  quantities  of  antimony  give  lead  a  grayish  white 
color,  making  it  harder  and  less  malleable  than  ordinary 
lead.  A  bar  of  lead  containing  a  very  small  amount  of 
antimony  will  show  fern-like  forms  near  the  center  of  the 
bar,  0.25%  of  antimony  makes  lead  hard,  but  it,  is  still 
malleable,  a  larger  percentage  of  antimony  will  destroy 
the  malleability  of  the  lead.  Antimony  and  arsenic  each 
act  much  the  same  when  associated  with  lead.  Zinc  can 
be  alloyed  with  lead  with  difficulty,  as,  although  they 
blend  readily  enough  when  molten,  part  of  the  zinc  sep- 
arates on  cooling.  Zinc  gives  lead  a  silvery  color,  and 
renders  it  so  hard  it  cannot  be  rolled.  Cold  and  hot 
sulphuric  acid  attack  lead-zinc  alloy  readily. 


The  noted  "  bracket  flume  "  was  built  in  Butte  county, 
California,  by  the  Miocene  M.  Co.  The  bracketed  portion 
was  hung  to  the  face  of  a  vertical  cliff  118  feet  above  the 
bed  of  the  ravine  and  232  feet  below  the  top  of  the  cliff. 
The  brackets  were  made  of  30-pound  railroad  iron,  bent 
into  the  form  of  the  letter  L,  the  longer  arm,  10  feet  in 
length,  was  placed  horizontally  for  the  bed  of  the  flume 
to  rest  on,  the  end  being  secured  in  a  hole  drilled 
into  the  rock.  The  shorter  end  is  upturned  2 
feet  and  has  at  its  upper  end  an  eye,  into  which 
is  inserted  a  $-ineh  iron  rod  having  a  hook  at  its 
end.  The  opposite  end  is  secured  to  a  ring  bolt 
fastened  into  the  rock.  These  brackets  were  placed 
8  feet  apart  and  were  calculated  to  withstand  a  load  of 
14J  tons.  The  flume  is  4  feet  wide  and  3  feet  deep,  inside 
measurement,  with  a  capacity  of  3000  miners'  inches  of 
water.  On  this  same  ditch  line  one  trestle  was  built  80 
feet  high  and  another  136  feet  high.  The  portion  of  the 
flume  on  brackets  is  486  feet  long. 


Sheet  copper  coated  with  quicksilver  and  immersed 
in  water  containing  carbonic  acid  will  quickly  become 
discolored.  A  copper  plate  which  had  been  treated  with 
nitric  acid  and  mercuric  chloride,  and  immersed  in  wa- 
ter containing  carbonic  acid  and  organic  matter,  were 
tarnished  in  a  very  few  minutes.  Cleaning  with  potas- 
sium cyanide  did  not  prevent  their  prompt  discoloration. 
Plates  amalgamated  with  the  aid  of  potassium  cyanide, 
without  the  use  of  acid,  remained  bright  in  the  same  wa- 
ter for  more' than  an  an  hour,  but  afterward  were  the 
same  as  those  used  in  the  first  test.  A  quantity  of  slaked 
lime  added  to  the  water  lessened  the  tendency  to  tar- 
nish, and  tarnishing  was  permanently  prevented  by 
placing  an  iron  nail  in  contact  with  the  amalgamated 
copper.  A  strip  of  zinc  accomplished  the  same  result. 
The  admixture  of  a  little  cadmium  with  the  mercury 
used  in  amalgamating  copper  plates  will  greatly  retard 
the  tendency  of  the  plates  to  tarnish. 


249 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins. 

NUMBEK  II. 

When  a  vein  has  been  faulted  it  is  often  difficult  to 
establish  the.  identity  of  the  vein  beyond  the  fault 
plane.  There  are  various  conditions,  however,  which 
may  lead  to  the  identification  of  the  vein.  A  number 
of  such  hypothetical  cases  are  given  in  ' '  Lindley  on 
Mines."  For  example,  says  the  author,  a  portion  of 
the  vein  material  may  be  "dragged  "  along  the  fault 
fissure,  as  illustrated  in  Fig.  110,  and  furnish  a  con- 
tinuous ore  tracing.  Again,  the  foot  and  hanging 
walls  of  a  vein  may  be  of  different  material,  as  shown 
in  Fig.  Ill,  thus  furnishing  a  definite  indication  of 
the  fault ;  or  there  may  be  complex  structure  of  the 
vein  at  the  point  of  faulting,  as  shown  in  Fig.  112,  so 
as  to  identify  the  part  thrown;  or  there  may  be 
changes  of  formation  near  at  hand  and  disclosed  in 
the  workings,  as  shown  in  Fig.  113,  furnishing  the 
information  for  the  reconstruction  of  the  section. 

In  all  of  these  illustrated  cases  the  continuity  may 
be  said  to  have  been  interrupted,  but  the  identity  of 
the  part  separated  by  faulting  is  easily  established. 

Occurrences  of  the  character  illustrated  in  the 
foregoing  figures  seem  to  follow  certain  rules  recog- 
nized not  only  in  treatises  on  dynamic  geology  but  by 
the  practical  miner,  who  finds  but  little  difficulty  in 
ascertaining  the  position  of  the  faulted  part  of  the 
vein.  But  there  are  other  conditions  encountered 
which  are  much  more  complex,  presenting  complica- 
tions which  follow  no  .definite  rule,  where  it  is  more 
difficult  to  determine  the  vexed  question  of  identity. 

We  may  select  as  an  illustration  of  complexities  in 
vein  structure  without  faulting  the  case  of  Pennsyl- 
vania Consolidated  Mining  Co.  v.  Grass  Valley  Explo- 
ration Co. ,  tried  before  and  decided  by  Judge  Morrow 
in  the  Circuit  Court  of  the  United  States,  ninth  cir- 
cuit, northern  district  of  California. 

The  Pennsylvania  Co.  owned  the  Pennsylvania^ 
quartz  mine,  part  of  which  is  shown  in  Fig.  114, 
within  which  it  claimed  the  apex  of  the  Pennsylvania 
vein,  to  the  extent,  at  least,  as  shown  by  the  heavy 
black  line  in  the  figure.  On  its  downward  course  the 
vein  passed  underneath  the  surface  of  the  patented 
agricultural  land  and  townsite  lots,  held  under  a 
junior  title  by  the  Grass  Valley  Exploration  Co. 
That  company  also  owned  the  W.  Y.  O.  D.  mine  and 
numerous  other  mining  claims,  which,  with  their  agri- 
cultural and  townsite  holdings,  practically  sur- 
rounded the  Pennsylvania  quartz  mine.  The  Grass 
Valley  Exploration  Co. ,  by  means  of  underground 
works  extending  from  the  W.  Y.  O.  D.  shaft,  reached 
ore  bodies  underneath  the  Pennsylvania  shaft,  and 
the  works  of  the  two  companies  came  together. 
Suits  were  brought  by  both  parties  to  determine  the 
ownership  of  the  ore  bodies  underneath  the  agricul- 
tural and  townsite  lands.  The  burden  of  proving 
apex  and  identity  and  the  conditions  essential  to  the 
establishment  of  an  extralateral  right  rested  with 
the  Pennsylvania  Co. 

Judge  Morrow  describes  and  analyzes  the  physical 
conditions  at  considerable  length,  and  his  opinion  is 
comprehensively  illustrated  with  diagrams.  As  here^ 
tofore  observed,  Fig.  114  shows  the  Pennsylvania 
location  to  the  extent  necessary  for  present  pur- 
poses. The  heavy  black  line  indicates  the  vein  apex 
as  claimed  by  the  Pennsylvania,  crossing  the  north 
end  line  and  extending  southerly  as  far  as  developed. 
The  Pennsylvania  end  lines  are  parallel.  The  vein  is 
a  gold-bearing  quartz  vein  in  grano-diorite,  dipping 
about  30°  to  the  west. 

Fig.  115  illustrates  the  contention  of  the  Grass  Val7 
ley  Co.  to  the  effect  that  the  above  claimed  apex  does 
not  represent  a  single  vein,  but  is  composed  of  a 
series  of  apices  of  intersecting  veins,  indicated  in  the 
diagram  by  heavy  dotted  and  solid  black  lines;  that 
these  apices  prolonged  would  cross  the  side  lines  of 
the  location  and  convey  no  extralateral  right  to  the 
ore  bodies  in  dispute.  This  contention  is  specially 
illustrated  in  Fig.  116. 

The  court,  in  speaking  of  the  contentions  claimed 
by  the  Grass  Valley  Co. ,  says : 

"In  my  judgment,  the  evidence  demonstrated 
nothing  more  than  a  main  vein  with  projected  seam$ 
or  spurs  at  these  points.  These  seams  or  spurs  were 
not  traced  for  any  distance,  and  were  not  found 
crossing  any  side  line  of  the  Pennsylvania  claim. 
Whatever  these  seams  or  spurs  may  be  called,  or  to 
whatever  extent  they  may  have  been  found,  they  did 
not  destroy  the  continuity  of  the  main  vein. 

The  court  then  found  that  the  apex  was,  as  claimed 
by  the  Pennsylvania  Co. ,  continuous  ' '  lengthwise  of 
the  vein  to  the  extent  and  hi  the  direction  necessary 
to  embrace  within  extended  end  line  planes  the  vein 
or  lode  in  controversy." 

' '  The  remaining  question  is,  Has  this  vein  or  lode 
such  a  continuity  or  persistence  in  its  dip  or  down- 
ward course  as  to  include  the  ore  deposit  in  dis- 
pute?" 

The  position  of  the  "ore  deposit  in  dispute  "  is 
indicated  by  the  network  of  underground  workings 
to  the  west  of  the  Pennsylvania  location,  as  shown  in 
Fig.  114. 

The  vein  is  comparatively  simple  at  the  surface, 
and  so  extends  downward  300  or  400  feet  on  the  in- 
cline.    Thence  downward  it  becomes  more  complex, 


consisting  in  certain  sections  of  west  and  east  dipping 
branches,  as  claimed  by  the  Pennsylvania  Co.,  or  of 
a  series  of  independent  veins,  as  claimed  by  the  Grass 
Valley  Co.  It  was  at  these  points  of  complication 
that  the  asserted  continuity  of  the  Pennsylvania  vein 
was  most  strongly  disputed. 

These  complications,  as  described  by  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Co. 's  witnesses,  consisted  in  a  stepping  down 
of  the  vein  from  an  overlapping  to  an  underlapping 
west  dip  fissure  through  a  system  of  subordinate  east 
dip  fissures,  as  illustrated  in  Fig.  117. 

This  is  a  vertical  cross-section  of  one  of  the  compli- 


for  ore.  In  the  complications  elsewhere  the  ' '  step- 
ping down"  is  through  6  or  8  feet,  but  in  the  Horse- 
shoe section-  it  is  through  50  feet  or  more  of  transr 
versely  fissured  ground. 

Fig.  119,  taken  from  one  of  the  exhibits,  gives  a 
more  complete  vertical  cross-sectien  of  the  vein.    . 

The  Grass  Valley  Co.  contended  that  there  is  no 
continuity  of  the  Pennsylvania  vein  through  the 
above  complications;  that  these  east  dip  fissures 
intersect  the  west  dip  fissures,  and,  extending  in 
their  own  directions,  constitute  independent  trans- 
verse veins,  as  illustrated  in  Fig.  120. 


Wis, 


Si 


gggaBSj 


Fig.  111. 


Fig.  112. 

Fig.  113. 


Fig.  110. 


Fig.  117. 


Fig.  114. 


"' •"1 


Fig.  115. 


Fig.  116. 


Fig.  118. 

cations — west  being  from  the,  right  to  the  left  side  of 
the  figure. 

The  court  cites  the  testimony  of  one  of  the  wit- 
nesses describing  this  section  as  follows:  "If  we 
follow  the  main  fissure  downward  on  its  westerly  dip 
we  find  it  flattening,  weakening,  and  pinching  out; 
but  before  pinching  there  fall  from  it  a  series  of  east 
dip  fissures  which  connect  below  with  an  underlap- 
ping west  dip  fissure.  This  underlap  flattens,  weak- 
ens, and  pinches  out  on  its  upward  course,  but  on  its 
downward  course  it  strengthens  and  becomes  a 
strong  ore-bearing  vein.  .  .  .  The  channel  .  .  ; 
is  simply  complicated  by  this  network  of  fissures. 
Its  continuity     .     .     .     is  not  disturbed. " 

The  most  important  of  these  complications  is  shown 
in  the  so-called  Horseshoe  winze,  section  (Fig.  118). 

Here  some  of  the  east  "dippers  "  have  been  stoped 


Fig.  121. 

The  theory  was  advanced  that  the  country  rock 
was  divided  into  rhombohedral  blocks  by  means  of  a 
subdivisional  joint  plane  system,  and  that  distinct 
veins  were  formed  upon  the.  various  faces  of  the 
rhombohedrons.  As  to  this  rhombohedral  theory, 
the  court  was  of  the  opinion  that  it  might  account 
for  some  of  the  irregularities  in  the  course  of  the 
vein  shown  in  the  underground  workings.  For  the 
purpose  of  illustration,  let  us  assume  the  subdivision  of 
the  earth's  crust  by  means  of  a  rhombohedral  joint 
plane  system  and  add  to  it  the  assumption  that  there 
must  be  a  great  break  or  line  of  Assuring  across  the 
country  to  form  an  important  vein.  If  the  direction 
of  the  deep-seated  forces  were  such  as  to  produce 
the  great  fissure  continuously  along  the  fine  of  one  of 
these  joint  planes,  we  might  have  ultimately  a  fairly 
straight  line  fissure  vein.     But  if  strains  were  such 


Ootobeb  17.   1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


250 


as  to  give  the  great  break  a  general  course  not  so 
conforming,  ;b  in   Fig.    121,   there  would  doubtless 

occur  a  line  of  Assuring  such  as  A.-  B,  partly  follow- 
ing joint  planes,  partly  cutting  across  the  rhombo 
hedraJ  blocks.  Let  there  i«-  a  subsequent  filling  of 
the  opening  by  a  mineral  stream  coursing  through  it. 
In  such  i;w'  what  constitutes  a  vein?  Certainly  not 
an  original  joint  plane,  but  the  Biting  of  the  main 
break  from  A  to  B. 

(to  BE  CONTINUED   i 


The  Ventilation  of  Deep  Levels. 


NT.MUKH  a.— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  Tbos.  Ji -iin-i >n 

Fubnace  Ventilation.  — In  furnace  ventilation  the 
action  depends  on  decreasing  the  density  of  the  up- 
casl  air,  by  increasing  it.-  temperature;  the  heal 
from  the  fire  expand-,  the  air.  rendering  if  lighter, 

and  the  colder  and  heavier  air  of   the  dinvneast   dis- 
places it. 

The  furnace  should  be  set  a  few  yards  away  from 
the  bottom  of  the  upcast,  and  connected  by  a  rise 
drift  to  the  upcast.  As  the  furnaces  in  the  gold 
mines  would  all  be  in   rock,   only  one  arch  would   be 


With  fans  there  is  no  increased  efficiency  with 
depth— quite  the  contrary. 

No  rule  can  be  given  to  determine  the  size  of  fur- 
nace necessary  to  produce  a  •riven  quantity  of  air.  as 
there  are  so  many  circumstances  that  exercise  an 
influence  preventing  the  formulation  of  any  rule  from 
which  the  quantity  of  air  a  furnace  will  produce  can 
be  calculated 

The  British  Royal  Commission  appointed  to  inquire 
into  accidents  in  mines,  in  their  final  report  of  L886, 

say.    with    reference    to  the    dimensions  of    furnaces: 

■■  for  dee])  -haft-  the   special  ventilating  furnaces 

which  are  used  either-  simply  or  in  combination  with 
lire  grate,  area  of  from  oil  to  200  square  feet,  and 
arc  fed  by  fresh  air,  or  that  derived  from  the  purest 
of  the  return  air-,  are  capable  of  circulating  volumes 
or-  air  ranging  from  200,000  to  400,000  cubic  feet  per 
minute." 

It  is  probable  that  the  amount  of  coal  necessary 
for  ventilation  in  shafts  5000  feel  deep  will  be  about 
4  to  a  pounds  per  horse  power  per  hour  with  fairly 
dry  shafts,  also  that  one  square  foot  area  of  grate 
surface  will  be  equal  to  2000  cubic  feet  per  minute. 

In  collieries  there  are  several  great  objections  to 
furnaces,  "although  there  are  many  furnaces  still  in 
use,"  objections  which  are  not  so  applicable  here;  for 
instance,  the  presence  of  fire  damp,  setting  fire  to 
the  strata,  tubbing  in  shafts.     Less  heat  will  be  re- 


would  need  to  he  heavier  (Fig.  2).     In  either  case  an 
arrangement,  as  sketched  in  Fig.  7.  may  suit. 
This  is  a  self-closing  door  which  has  been  adopted 

at  lletton  colliery  for'  mechanical  haulage  roads,  and 
1  think  it  could  lie  arranged  to  suit  shafts.  It  con- 
sists  of  two  doors  lying  between  two  sets  of  rollers. 
In  the  center  are  two  iron  bars.  The  cage,  ascend- 
ing or-  descending,  force-  the  liar's  hack  and  with 
them  tin-  doors.  The  doors  move  hack  on  the  rollers 
into  a  space  provided  for-  them  in  the  shaft  side.  1 
have  here  assumed  thai  buckets  Or  cages  will  be  used 
for  hoisting,  arrd  not  wheeled  skips. 

In  case  of  a  mini"  using  cages  and  cars  a  light  bou- 
nd for-  each  compartment  would  be  sufficient. 

Placing- fans  underground  will  recommend  itself  to 
some  to  avoid  the  disadvantage  of  closing  the  shaft 
top.  The  arrangement  of  the  fan  would  be  different 
in  different  mines,  according  to  the  manner  of  open- 
ing Out.  One  way  that  would  suit  is  shown  in  Fig.  6. 
Here  the  shaft  is  sunk  below  the  reef  far-  enough  for 
a  crosscut  to  the  reef  and  for  box  room  below  the 
crosscut;  double  doors  would  be  necessary  in  the 
crosscut.  In  placing  the  crosscut  in  the  position 
shown,  I  was  thinking  of  the  secondary  hoisting  be- 
ing done  by  endless  rope  and  the  cars  corning  to  the 
main  box.  When  tin'  secondary  hoisting  is  done  with 
incline  skips  the  incline  shaft  would  start  from  the. 
vertical  shaft,  doors  being  fixed  between   the  dump- 


It 


necessary,  they  would  be  much  less  expensive  to  con- 
struct than  in  coal  mines.  As  the  amount  of  ex- 
plosive gases  is  small,  the  whole  of  the  return  air 
could  go  through  the  furnace  chamber. 

In  very  deep  shafts  furnaces  should  prove  as  eco- 
nomical as  fans. 

By  placing  boilers  underground  for  haulage,  pump- 
ing, etc.,  ventilation  would  be  most  economically 
produced. 

If  the  mines  prove  to  be  too  warm  for  comfortable 
working,  ventilation  will  probably  be  produced  by  in- 
creasing the  density  of  the  downcast  air  by  cooling. 

The  efficiency  of  a  furnace  increases  the  greater 
the  height  of  the  column  of  air  above  it;  the  quantity 
of  air  produced  varies  as  the  square  root  of  the  dif- 
ference of  temperature;  the  quantity  also  varies  as 
the  square  root  of  the  height  of  column  above  the  fur- 
nace. A  furnace  would  produce,  twice  the  amount  of 
air  at  4000  feet  as  it  would  at  1000  feet.  The  amount 
of  coal  burned  in  the  furnace  would  vary  directly  as 
the  quantity  of  air,  the  temperature  remaining  con- 
stant. 

With  fans,  increase  of  depth  would  probably  mean 
a  smaller  quantity,  owing  to  the  increased  amount 
of  rubbing  surface,  and  to  double  the  quantity  would 
mean  eight  times  the  consumption  of  coal. 

At  the  first  glance  there  appears  something  wrong 
in  saying  that  the  furnace  would  only  need  twice  the 
coal  for  twice  the  quantity  of  air,  and  that  the  fan 
would  need  eight  times  the  coal  for  twice  the  quan- 
tity, the  reason  is  the  increased  efficiency  of  the 
furnace  at  the  greater  depth,  more  of  the  heat  being 
used. 

*Trans.  Chemical,  Metallurgical  and  Min.  Society,  S.  A.  (Con- 
densed). 


quired  here  because  of  the  small  quantities  of  air  in 
circulation;  a  temperature  of  120°  to  130°  F.  in  the 
upcast  will  be  about  as  high  a  temperature  as  will 
be  needed. 

Mechanical  ventilation  may  be  effected  by  definite 
volume  machines,  centrifugal  fans,  or  other  venti- 
lators. 

At  shafts  where  the  hoisting  is  done  by  skips, 
mechanical  ventilation  would  be  more  difficult  than 
where  cages  are  used,  as  in  collieries,  because  of  the 
difficulty  of  closing  the  shaft  top. 

Amongst  mechanical  ventilators  centrifugal  fans 
hold  first  place,  and  I  expect  will  be  generally  used 
here  for  mechanical  ventilation.  The  action  of  a  cen- 
trifugal fan  depends  on  the  first  law  of  motion,  which 
embodies  the  principle  that  bodies  in  motion  will 
travel  in  straight  lines  unless  acted  upon  by  external 
forces.  When  a  fan  commences  to  revolve,  the  air 
within  it  begins  to  move  toward  the  circumference 
and  tends  to  create  a  vacuum  in  the  center  of  the  fan 
into  which  the  air  from  the  upcast  rushes  (the  fan 
being  at  the  surface),  the  air  in  the  downcast  moving 
towards  the  upcast,  a  current  thus  being  produced. 

Fan  on  Surface. — When  using  exhausting  fans 
the  top  of  the  upcast  must  be  closed  by  some  arrange- 
ment that  will  prevent  the  air  entering  and  still 
allow  the  skips  to  travel.  A  good  arrangement 
would  be  to  surround  the  top  of  the  shaft  with  a 
chamber  in  which  the  dumping  could  take  place; 
doors  should  be  provided  communicating  with  the 
shaft  and  outside.  In  the  dump  a  swinging  door 
could  be  arranged  so  as  to  allow  the  rock  to  pass 
through  to  the  boxes,  and  then  close  itself;  this  could 
be  easily  effected.  With  forcing  fans  the  downcast 
would  have  to  be  enclosed  and  the  swinging  doors 


ing  place,  and  the  entrance  to  the  vertical  shaft. 

The  fan  should  be  placed  in  a  chamber  prepared 
close  to  the  shaft;  if  the  reef  passes  through  this 
chamber,  so  much  the  better;  then  the  connections 
from  the  workings  to  the  chamber  can  be  on  the 
reef. 

Medium  sized  fans  running  at  a  fairly  high  speed 
are  best;  they  are  less  expensive  to  make;  do  not 
get  out  of  order  so  soon;  do  not  waste,  so  much  power 
in  driving,  and  require  less  foundations  and  smaller 
engine  houses  than  the  larger  sized  fans. 

Closed  fans  should  have  spiral  casings  and  expand- 
ing chimneys,  so  as  to  lower  the  velocity  of  discharge. 

Fans  should  be  constructed  for  the  quantity  and 
water  gauge  they  are  expected  to  work  at.  There 
is  more  loss  working  a  fan  at  a  lower  water  gauge  than 
it  was  designed  for,  than  there  is  in  working  it  at  a 
higher  water  gauge  than  it  is  designed  for. 

Fans  should  be  designed  for  a  medium  speed,  so 
that  in  case  of  emergency  they  could  be  speeded  up. 

As  regards  fan  tests,  I  do  not  remember  having 
heard  of  or  read  of  any  reliable  ones.  Any  fan  deal- 
ing with  the  maximum  quantity  of  air  that  it  was 
designed  for  will  do  better  than  if  dealing  with  a 
greater  or  less  amount  of  air. 

To  get  a  fair  test  of  different  fans  they  should  be 
of  equal  capacities  and  tested  under  the  same  condi- 
tions; that  is,  they  should  be  placed  on  the  same 
mine. 

Coursing  the  Air. — To  get  the  greatest  quantity 
of  air  with  the  least  expenditure  of  power  under  same 
conditions  as  regards  size  of  air  roads,  splitting  must 
be  resorted  to.  Splits  should  start  as  near  the  down- 
cast as  possible,  and  finish  as  near  as  possible  to  the 
upcast.       To  cause  the   air  to  keep  in  the  desired 


251 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  19(3 


course,  doors,  brattices,  stoppings,   regulators,  and 
air  crossings  will  be  necessary. 

Wooden  doors  should  be  used  where  the  ventilating 
pressure  is  strong.  Doors  are  necessary  where  a 
current  has  to  be  deflected  from  one  road  into  an- 
other. It  is  much  better  to  keep  them  off  haulage 
roads  if  possible;  but,  as  under  the  conditions  of  min- 
ing here,  both  intakes  and  returns  are,  and  will  be, 
used  for  haulage  purposes,  it  would  be  better  policy 
to  use  heavy  cloth  doors  instead  of  heavy  wood  doors, 
where  conditions  will  enable  this  to  be  done. 

Brattice. — In  a  narrow  place,  such  as  a  shaft, 
drive,  rise,  or  winze,  if  artificially  divided  for  ventila- 
tion purposes,  it  is  said  to  be  bratticed;  such  brattice 
may  be  either: 

First — Wood  sheeting,  as  often  seen  in  sinking 
shafts,  consists  of  boards  a  half  inch  or  so  thick,  of 
suitable  width  or  length.  In  shafts  it  is  generally 
fastened  to  the  dividers;  in  drives,  etc.,  posts  would 
have  to  be  set  at  suitable  distances  to  nail  the  sheet- 
ing to. 

Second — Cloth:  The  ordinary  brattice  cloth  con- 
sists of  a  coarse  canvas,  tarred  to  prevent  decay  and 
to  fill  up  the  mesh  to  prevent  the  air  leaking  through. 
Oilcloth  is  sometimes  used  for  the  same  purpose.  In 
drives  this  is  fixed  like  any  ordinary  canvas  screen 
on  posts.  At  regular  distances  apart,  a  strip  or 
lath  of  wood  is  nailed  to  the  posts,  as  close  up  to  the 
top  as  possible — the  top  edge  of  the  cloth  being 
nailed  to  the  lath.  Any  irregularities  in  the  roof  are 
filled  with  old  cloth,  etc. 

Third — Pipes:  Iron,  wood,  cloth  or  clay  pipes  are 
sometimes  used  instead  of  bratticing.  Iron  pipes 
are  made  from  sheet  iron  or  steel,  tarred  or  galvan- 
ized and  the  joint  riveted.  They  should  be  made  with 
one  end  a  tapered  spigot,  the  other  end  being  of  the 
usual  diameter,  and  strengthened  by  an  outside  hoop, 
as  shown  in  Fig.  4.  The  joint  of  the  two  pipes  as  a 
rule  fit  very  close;  if  not,  a  little  clay  will  prevent 
leakage.     Iron  pipes  are  of  round  section. 

Wood  pipes  are  generally  of  rectangular  section 
and  should  be  fitted  with  a  spigot  and  socket  joint. 

Cloth  pipes  are  very  handy,  but  will  not  ventilate 
so  far  as  iron  pipes  will.  They  are  of  circular  section. 
Iron  or  wood  rings  keep  the  pipe  distended  when 
stretched  out.     They  are  hung  up  by  the  rings. 

Clay  drain  pipes  have  been  used  for  ventilating  in 
drives,  etc.,  in  England,  but  I  cannot  see  any  open- 
ing here  for  using  them  for  the  same  purpose. 

Fourth— Brickwork:  Brick  walls  have  often  been 
used  as  bratticing.  I  have  known  a  case,  a  tunnel 
1700  yards  long,  being  driven  and  a  new  seam  being 
opened  out,  the  tunnel  being  divided  into  intake  and 
return  by  putting  in  a  brick  wall  brattice.  For  long 
distances  it  is  the  best  thing  that  can  be  done,  ex- 
cept driving  two  separate  roads.  Brick  walls  make 
a  very  substantial  brattice,  but  would  only  be  used 
n  long  crosscuts  for  exploring  purposes. 

Stoping  will  be  very  necessary  in  the  ventilation  of 
deep  levels,  and  may  be  brick  walls,  wood,  brattice 
cloth,  or  heaps  of  waste  rock. 

Air  crossings  will  be  necessary  to  carry  one  cur- 
rent of  air  over  another  to  prevent  intermixing.  The 
crosscuts  to  shaft  boxes  in  inclines  will  make  good  air 
crossings  over  the  shafts,  as  shown  in  Fig.  3. 

Regulators  will  be  necessary  to  prevent  too  large 
a  quantity  of  air  going  into  certain  districts.  On 
haulage  roads  a  regulator  can  be  made  by  putting  in 
a  wooden  door  and  arranging  it  so  that  it  could  only 
close  so  far  as  to  allow  the  required  amount  of  air  to 
pass;  or  short  brattice  cloths  may  be  hung  from  the 
roof  the  required  quantity  passing  underneath;  or  a 
wood  door  having  a  sliding  shutter  could  be  put  in. 
If  the  road  was  not  wanted  for  haulage  purposes,  it 
could  be  partially  closed  with  waste  rock  or  board- 
ing. 

The  mines  of  the  future  should  be  laid  out  so  that 
the  haulage,  drainage  and  ventilation  harmonize 
as  much  as  possible.  In  the  deep  level  mines  large 
areas  will  be  in  operation  at  one  time  to  provide  rock 
for  the  large  mills  that  are  sure  to  be  put  up,  which 
means  that  in  all  probability  more  men  and  machines 
will  be  employed  on  a  given  length  of  face  than  at 
present;  also,  more  air  will  be  required. 

To  get  the  best  effects  from  the  air  supplied  it 
should  be  guided  close  to  the  faces,  and  the  best  way 
to  do  this  will  depend  on  the  manner  of  working  the 
stopes. 

The  general  plan  of  ventilation  would  be  as  follows, 
(see  Fig.  3): 

The  air  would  enter  by  the  downcast  shaft,  pass 
down  the  incline  to  the  bottom  level,  there  split  one 
part  traveling  east  and  upwards  to  the  top  level, 
passing  over  the  incline  shaft  and  on  to  the  upcast 
shaft.  The  other  part  travels  westward,  part  going 
through  the  stopes  between  the  shafts  and  so  on  to 
the  upcast.  Part  goes  over  the  shaft  into  the  west- 
ern part  of  the  mine  and  is  coursed  back  to  the 
upcast.  The  air  is  coursed  through  the  stopes,  as 
shown  in  Fig.  3. 

In  ventilating  shafts,  drives,  etc. ,  I  think  it  best  to 
make  the  smaller  division  the  intake,  except  where 
compressed  air  machines  are  used — the  air  would  be 
cleared  sooner  after  blasting. 

Of  course  the  smoke  would  linger  at  some  distance 
from  the  face,  but  that  would  not  matter  so  much,  as 
it  would  be  partly  diluted. 

It  would  be  much  different  if  we  were  dealing  with 
explosive  gases.  In  such  cases  it  is  often  better  to 
make  the   smaller  division  the  return,   so  that  the 


gases  if  moved  from  the  face  would  be  taken  right 
out  of  the  place  with  the  swifter  current. 

So  long  as  compressed  air  machines  are  used  for 
driving  work,  the  exhaust  air  will  be  a  great  help  to 
the  ventilation. 

In  driving  stret  or  narrow  work  with  compressed 
air  machines,  it  is  best  to  ventilate  with  iron  pipes, 
as  shown  in  Fig.  5,  fixing  a  small  jet  to  blow  into  the 
pipes  which  would  induce  greater  current  in  them. 
In  this  case  the  pipes  would  be  the  return. 

In  drives  there  is  very  little  room  for  ventilating 
pipes  of  any  size,  but  if  an  extra  hole  were  put  in  at 
the  top  of  the  drives,  the  pipes  could  be  put  in  the 
channel  formed,  and  would  be  in  a  measure  pro- 
tected, as  shown  in  Fig.  5. 

In  this  paper  only  one  reef  has  been  dealt  with. 
With  two  or  more  reefs  close  together  it  would  be 
very  much  the  same,  the  necessary  air  for  the  upper 
seam  passing  through  the  box  holes  or  crosscuts  to 
the  upper  seam. 

With  reefs  a  good  distance  apart  each  reef  could 
be  treated  as  a  separate  mine,  having  its  own  intake 
and  return. 

In  this  paper  I  have  not  been  able  to  do  justice  to 
the  subject,  but  as  I  expect  a  fair  amount  of  discus- 
sion on  it,  in  which  many  important  points  will  then 
be  raised,  I  may  be  able  to  supplement  it  in  my  reply. 


Death  of  J.   F.   Parks. 

On  Saturday,  the  10th  inst.,   James  F.   Parks,  su- 
perintendent of  the  Kennedy  and  South  Eureka  mines, 


CuaEtHQaiKiaaiiamaHM-i 


near  Jackson,  Amador  county,  Cal.,  died  at  his  home 
from  a  complication  of  serious  ailments,  after  a  pro- 
tracted illness.  Mr.  Parks  was  one  of  the  noted  and 
successful  miners  of  California,  to  which  State  he 
came  from  Missouri  in  the  early  days  across  the 
plains.  After  an  experience  in  mining  in  California 
he  went  to  the  Comstock  lode  in  Virginia  City,  Nev., 
and  gained  a  large  experience  there.  Returning  to 
California,  he  was  for  many  years  foreman  of  the 
Keystone  mine  at  Amador  City,  and  became  superin- 
tendent of  the  Kennedy  mine  February  1,  1887.  This 
mine  has  grown  under  his  management  to  be  one  of  the 
largest,  deepest  and  most  thoroughly  equipped  mines 
of  the  West.  He  also  organized  the  South  Eureka 
Mining  Co.  in  1890,  and  developed  that  property  to 
the  depth  of  nearly  2500  feet. 

He  had  rare  executive  ability,  and  with  every 
phase  of  modern  mining  he  was  thoroughly  familiar, 
and  there  was  no  work  about  the  properties  under 
his  direction  he  did  not  understand  and  which  he  could 
not  have  done  himself  had  occasion  required.  He  was 
held  in  high  esteem  by  all  who  knew  him  and  was  re- 
garded as  a  friend  by  each  of  the  hundreds  of  men  in 
his  employ. 

Mr.  Parks  was  until  recently  a  member  of  the 
board  of  directors  of  the  California  State  Mining  Bu- 
reau, from  which  position  of  honor  he  resigned  be- 
cause of  his  manifold  duties  and  ill  health.  He  was 
also  an  active  member  of  the  California  Miners'  As- 
sociation, and  a  member  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Mining  Engineers.  In  recent  years  he  has  met  with 
several  accidents  which  doubtless  hastened  his  death, 
as  he  had  become  a  great  sufferer.  He  leaves  a 
widow  and  four  children,  his  daughters  being  Mrs. 
John  F.  Davis  of  Jackson,  Cal.,  and  Mrs.  F.  W.  Brad- 
ley of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  The  sons  are  J.  F.  Parks 
Jr.  and  Samuel  T.  Parks,  who  is  now  returning  home 
from  Korea,  where  he  has  been  engaged  in  mining. 


The  Metallurgy  of  the  Homestake  Ore.* 


NUMBER  III. 


Written  by  C.  W.  Mbkbill,  B.  S. 

Precipitation. — The  effluent  solution  resulting  from 
the  leaching  with  strong  solution  is  run  to  the  weak 
precipitation  tanks,  and  has  a  value  of,  approximately, 
$2  per  ton  and  a  strength  of  0.10%  KCN.  When  one 
of  these  weak  precipitation  tanks  is  full,  the  stream 
is  turned  to  the  other,  and  the  former  is,  then  ready 
for  precipitation.  It  contains  300  tons  of  solution, 
which  is  brought  into  agitation  by  means  of  com- 
pressed air,  and  about  sixty  pounds  of  zinc  powder, 
in  the  form  of  an  emulsion,  is  sprayed  in  during  the 
agitation.  The  pump,  which  is  of  the  compound, 
duplex,  outside-packed,  plunger  type,  is  then  started, 
and  the  mixture  pumped  through  two  large  filter 
presses  36  inches  square,  of  the  flush-plate  and  dis- 
tance-frame pattern,  containing  twenty-four  frames, 
each  4  inches  in  depth. 

While  the  gold,  silver  and  excess  of  zinc  remain  in 
the  frame  and  on  the  cloth,  the  barren  solution 
passes  through  the  cloth  and  on  to  the  weak  solution 
storage  tank  below  (of  the  same  size  as  the  sand 
vats),  whence  it  passes  again  to  the  sand  as  weak 
solution.  Its  value  has  been  reduced  by  this  oper- 
ation from  $2  to  5  or  10  cents  per  ton,  being  a  pre- 
cipitation of  95%  to  97.5%.  The  efficiency  of  this 
method  lies  largely  in  the  fact  that  cloths  of  the 
presses  are  coated  with  about  1  inch  of  powdered 
zinc  and  precipitate,  so  that  every  particle  of  solu- 
tion, having  to  pass  through  the  cloths,  gets  a  mo- 
lecular contact  with  the  fine  zinc,  which  is  true  of  no 
other  precipitation  process.  The  presses  are  run 
without  opening  for  a  month,  at  the  end  of  which  the 
press  gauges  indicate  about  ten  pounds  pressure, 
notwithstanding  the  fact  that  they  then  contain 
about  a  ton  of  precipitate  worth,  say,  $50,000,  when 
they  are  cleaned  up  by  two  men  in  about  six  hours, 
including  the  putting  together  with  new  cloths.  Fig- 
ures covering  the  labor  of  cleaning  up  $50,000  from 
the  zinc  boxes  and  from  electrolytic  precipitation 
would  form  an  interesting  comparison. 

We  will  now  return  to  the  effluent  solution,  result- 
ing from  the  contact  of  the  tailings  with  weak  solu- 
tion during  the  latter  part  of  the  leaching.  This  is 
run  to  the  strong-solution  collecting  vats.  When 
these  are  filled,  they  are  strengthened  to  0. 14%  KCN 
and  pumped  directly,  without  precipitation,  to  the 
strong-solution  storage  tank,  of  the  same  capacity 
as  the  weak  storage,  whence  it  goes  on  to  the  early 
treatment  of  the  charge,  as  before  mentioned.  Its 
value  is  from  30  to  50  cents  per  ton.  It  will  thus  be 
seen  that  the  strong  solution  of  one  day  becomes  the 
weak  solution  of  the  next  day,  and  that  the  values 
are  all  accumulated  in  the  weak  precipitation  tanks. 
The  strong  solution  thus  has  an  approximately  con- 
stant value,  that  is  to  say,  only  one-half  of  the  total 
effluent  solution  is  precipitated,  the  other  half  being 
of  a  constant  low  value. 

Refining  Precipitates. — As  the  refining  of  cya- 
nide precipitates  is  of  some  importance,  owing  to  the 
well-recognized  losses  taking  place  in  the  ordinary 
methods,  which  are  from  2%  to  6%,  a  description  of 
the  process  we  use  at  the  Homestake,  in  which  the 
loss  is  less  than  0.1%,  may  be  of  interest. 

The  precipitate,  after  removal  from  the  presses,  is. 
treated  first  with  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  in  a  lead- 
lined  mixing  tank,  equipped  with  a  mechanical  agi- 
tator, a  hood  and  a  powerful  exhaust  fan.  After 
agitation  and  settling,  the  supernatant  liquid  is 
forced  through  a  filter  press  by  air  pressure.  Sul- 
phuric acid  is  then  added,  agitation  begun,  and  the 
mixture  heated.  It  is  then  settled,  and  the  super- 
natant solution  put  through  the  press,  as  in  the  case 
of  the  hydrochloric  acid.  Wash-water  is  then  added 
to  the  mixing  tank  and  the  whole  mixture  put  into 
the  press,  where  it  is  further  washed.  The  aggre- 
gate value  of  the  acid  liquors  and  wash  water  flow- 
ing from  the  press  is  less  than  $20  from  $50,000 
worth  of  precipitate.  A  portion  of  this  value  is  re- 
covered from  a  large  settling  tank,  into  which  the 
effluent  solutions  flow,  and  the  remainder  constitutes 
the  only  loss  we  have  been  able  to  find  in  this  process 
of  refining. 

The  resultant,  acid-treated  precipitate  is  then  re- 
moved to  a  large  steam  drier,  where  a  part  of  the 
moisture  is  expelled,  but  never  all,  and  the  precipi- 
tate mixed  with  litharge,  borax,  silica  and  powdered 
coke.  WThen  thoroughly  mixed,  it  is  sprinkled  with 
a  solution  of  lead  acetate  and  the  whole  mass 
briquetted  under  a  pressure  of  4000  to  6000  pounds 
per  square  inch.  The  zinc  having  been  removed,  and 
the  briquettes  having  been  dried,  a  borax  slag  de- 
velops upon  the  outer  surface  upon  being  charged  to 
the  cupel,  and  they  fuse  quietly,  quickly  and  at  a  low 
heat,  without  dust  or  volatilization  losses.  The  lead 
absorbs  the  values,  sinking  to  the  bottom,  and  the 
slag  is  tapped  off.  All  the  slag  having  been  re- 
moved, the  lead  is  cupelled  off  as  litharge,  and  the 
resultant  metal,  975  to  985  fine,  is  ready  to  run  into 
bars. 

*Read  at  Am.  Min.  Congress,  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  and  to  be  read  at 
Oct.  meeting  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.,  New  York  City. 

(to  BE  CONTINUED.) 


Ootobeb  17.  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


The  Dorleska  Gold  Mine.* 

Written  f. ir  f  in   Mining  \si»  Scmkntific  i*kh--  i>\  M.  z.  Osbobnb 

The  Dorleska  gold  mine  has  attracted  no  little  at 
tention  the  past  two  or  three  years  by  reason  of  its 
rapid  development  from  a  prospect  to  a  regular 
bullion  producer.  It  is  situated  in  the  northern  pari 
of  Trinity  county,  Cal.,  on  the  boundary  line  of  Siski- 
you, on  the  north  and  s.mth  ridge  separating  the 
South  Fork  of  the  Salmon  river  from  Union  creek, 
the  ridge  also  being  the  dividing  line  between  the 
two  counties.  The  mine  is  at  an  elevation  of  from 
6000  to  7000  feet,  the  collar  of  the  shaft  being  6550 
feet  above  sea  level.  The  snowfall  at  the  Dorleska  is 
vi-rv  great  in  winter,  and  a  depth  of  from  lit  to  15 
feet  on  the-  level  i-  not  uncommon  in  the  latter  pari 
of  the  winter.  This  necessitates  thorough  prepara- 
tion in  summer  in  the  way  of  providing  feed,  fuel  and 
supplies,  to  enable  work  to  he  continuous  throughout 
the  winter, 

The  Dorleska  was  discovered  and  located  in  1897 
by  the  late  R.  D.  Lawrence,  an  old  Colorado  pros- 
pector.    There  was  no  outcrop,  and  but  little  quartz, 

in  the  way  of  Boat,  and  Mf.  Lawrence  made  the  dis- 
covery by  "tracing"  with  the  pan,  finding,  as  he  did, 
rich  prospects  in  the  soil  for  some  distance  below  the 
vein.  He  ran  a  small  and  shallow  tunnel,  at  no  place 
more  than  Sit  feet  below  the  surface,  on  a  narrow 
vein  of  tale,  calcite  and  rich  quartz.  At  first  Mr. 
Lawrence  used  an  old-fashioned  rocker  in  washing 
thi'  surface  dirt  and  line  eroded  material  from  the 
vein.  Later  he  put  up  a  small  horse  arrastra,  which 
hi-  wife  operated  while  Mr.  Lawrence  dug  at  his 
mine..  Only  the  richest  material  was  handled,  and 
that  necessarily  in  a  small  way.  In  two  seasons  .Mr. 
and  .Mrs.  Lawrence,  from  their  arrastra.  and  from 
shipments  of  a  few  tons  of  rich  ore.  took  out  about 
$14,000.  Finding  the  arrastra  too  slow  he  purchased 
a  little  prospecting  mill  of  live  stamps,  the  stamps 
weighing  about  125  pounds  each,  and  a  small  engine 
and  boiler  combined.  He  erected  the  mill  under  the 
mouth  of  his  tunnel,  but  was  unfortunate  in  operating 
it.  An  overwhelming  difficulty  was  that  it  was  so 
high  that  sufficient  water  could  not  be  obtained  for 
amalgamating  purposes.  Thus  he  was  compelled  to 
move  the  mill  farther  down  the  mountain.  At  about 
the  same  time  he  had  run  out  of  rich  ore,  and  this  fact, 
with  the  worry  of  the.  to  him,  unfamiliar  work  of  the 
mill,  litigation  with  the  owners  of  the  adjoining  mine 
on  the  south — the  Yellow  Rose  of  Texas — and  bad 
health  aggravated  by  the  altitude,  determined  Mr. 
Lawrence  to  sell  out.  The  mine  looked  very  bad  at 
the  time,  with  no  ore  in  the  vein  at  the  face  of  the 
tunnel,  102  feet  in.  an  inch  or  so  only  at  the  bottom, 
and  all  the  ore  (apparently)  stoped  out  above  the 
tunnel. 

To  make  a  long  story  short,  the  Dorleska  was  pur- 
chased by  the  writer,  who  had  been  familiar  with  the 
mine  from  its  discovery,  in  the  latter  part  of  Septem- 
ber. 1901).  for  $5000  cash.  The  Union  Consolidated 
Gold  Mines  Company  was  incorporated  in  Los  An- 
geles, Cal.,  with  a  capital  of  $50,000  to  operate  it, 
and  work  was  at  once  commenced  and  has  been  con- 
tinued without  interruption  to  the  present  time. 
Rich  ore  was  struck  by  the  new  owners,  branching- 
out  to  the  southwest  from  Mr.  Lawrence's  tunnel, 
March  15,  1901.  A  vertical  shaft  was  started  about 
the  same  time,  first  as  a  winze  from  the  tunnel,  and 
afterwards  raised  to  the  surface,  and  at  a  depth  of  81 
feet  a  drift  again  intersected  rich  ore  10  feet  north 
of  the  shaft  June  lit.  1901.  In  the  meantime  the  little 
prospecting  mill  had  been  put  in  order  and  was 
started  up  for  the  purpose  of  testing  the  ore.  Al- 
though its  capacity  was  but  a  ton  to  a  ton  and  a  half 
a  day,  it  did  eleati  work,  and  in  six  months  turned 
out  over  $30,000  in  bullion.  A  3  J -foot  Huntington 
mill  was  put  up  in  the  fall  of  1900,  and  commenced 
work  on  December  6  of  that  year.  About  750  tons 
of  ore  had  been  crushed  by  the  two  mills  when  the 
heavy  snow  prevented  the  hauling  of  ore  and  stopped 
nulling  for  the  season  on  February  25,  1902. 

In  September,  1901,  tunnel  No.  2  was  started. 
The  first  400  feet  was  a  crosscut  and  about  800  feet 
was  on  the  vein.  The  tunnel  was  completed  early  in 
December,  1902,  connecting  with  the.  shaft  at  the 
third  level.  172  feet  deep.  The  tunnel  is  1315  feet 
long.  Rich  ore  was  struck  on  this  third  level  June 
4,  1902,  at  a  distance  of  78  feet  north  and  west  from 
the  shaft.  Tunnel  No.  2  drains  the  mine  to  this  level, 
and  all  ore  is  now  discharged  through  it,  reducing 
the  cost  of  transporting  the  ore  from  the  stope  to 
the  mill,  heretofore  done  on  the  surface,  from  50  cents 
to  15  cents  per  ton.  A  substantial  snowshed,  650 
feet  long,  was  built  from  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  to 
the  top  of  the  ore  bins  at  the  mill  (see  illustrations 
front  page),  in  the.  fall  of  1902,  and  by  this  means  the 
mill  is  supplied  with  ore  the  year  around,  and  with- 
out regard  to  the  depth  of  snow  in  winter. 

Following  the  completion  of  tunnel  No.  2,  work  was 
resumed  in  the  shaft  December  23,  1902,  and  128  feet 
of  shaft  was  sunk  by  hand  in  seventy-one  days,  the 
fourth  level,  at  a  vertical  depth  of  300  feet,  having 
been  reached  March  5,  1903.  A  station  was  cut  out, 
a  crosscut  run  west  to  the  vein  89  feet,  and  a  drift 
north  entered  the  ore  shoot  in  rich  ore  June  18,  1903, 

*See  illustrations  on  front  page. 


at  a  distance  of  75  feet,  making  the  distance  from 
the  -haft  nit  feet. 

Before  snowfall  in  1902  a  5-stamp  battery,  B50 
pound  stamps,  made  in  sections  for  mule   packing, 

was  got  in.  and  was  put  in  Operation  March  25,  19113. 
During  tin-  season  another  5— tamp  bat  tery,  a  dupli- 
cate of  the  first,  ha-  been  put  in.  and  will  lie  put  up 
and  in  operation  about  November  1.  The  mill  is 
thus  equipped  with  ten  850-pound  stamps,  ;i  3J  loot 
Huntington,    an  8xl2-inch    Blake   rock    breaker,    two 

6-foo1  Frue  and  one  4-foot  Woodbury  concentrators, 

and  two  Atlas  boilers  and  engines —  the  rock  breaker 
being  worked  separately  from  the  mills. 

The  shaft,  which  i-  timbered,  and  is  of  two  com- 
partments, is  equipped  with  a  Lidgerwood  hoist. 
Worthington  pump  and  Atlas  boiler. 

The  mine  also  has  a  sawmill,  and  about  250.0011  led 
of  lumber  is  sawed  and  used  per  year,  in  addition  to 
about  25.000  naming  feet  of  peeled  timbers.  The 
company  also  lias  a  -tore  -the  Union  Creek  store — 
and  a  pack  train  of  about,  twenty  mules.  The  ma- 
chinery and  supplies  are  all  packed  in  (the  last  15 
miles  over  trails),  excepting  the  boilers  and  a  few  of 
the  heaviest  pieces,  which  were  sledded  in  over  rough 
mountains,  without  roads.  There  are  now  four  levels 
opened  and  about  4000  feet  of  excavations. 

Up  to  September  14.  1903.  about  5100  tons  of  ore 
had  been  mined  and  milled  by  the  present  company, 
producing  $100, 041. Si;,  in  forty-five  bars  of  bullion.' a 
yield  of  a  little  over  $20  per  toil.  This  was  the  result 
of  amalgamation  alone,  as  nothing  has  been  received 
from  concentrates  excepting  $328.02  from  a  lot  of 
two  tons  of  specially  good  grade  shipped  to  Selby. 
The  concentrates,  which  are  accumulating  at  the 
mine,  average  about  1 1  °0  of  the  ore,  of  a  value  of 
about  $50  per  ton,  though  in  the  richest  ore  they  run 
from  $150  to  $500  per  ton.  The  concentrate  values 
are  in  iron  and  lead  sulphides — principally  iron.  The 
tailings  are  banked,  and  vary  from  $1  to  $5  per  ton. 
The  ore  is  divided  into  two  grades.  The  first  grade 
is  taken  down  on  canvas  and  sacked,  and  about  350 
tons  of  this  grade  has  produced  an  average  of  over 
$190  per  ton.  The  second  grade  ore,  4750  tons,  has 
produced  in  the  battery  and  on  the  plates  about  $8 
per  ton.  The  bullion  runs  from  790  to  816  fine  in 
gold,  and  from  160  to  175  in  silver,  varying  in  value 
from  $16.40  to  $17  per  ounce,  and  averaging  about 
$16.60. 

A  large  quartz-porphyry  dike,  frequently  300  to 
400  feet  wide,  extends  north  and  south  near  the  sum- 
mit of  the  divide  between  Trinity  and  Siskiyou  coun- 
ties, immediately  west  of  the  Dorleska.  This  great 
dike  is  traceable  from  8  to  10  miles  north  and  south. 
West  of  this  dike,  on  the  Siskiyou  county  side,  are 
belts  of  schists — mica  and  hornblende — of  1  or  2  miles 
in  width,  extending  to  the  granite  mountains  west  of 
the  South  Fork  of  the  Salmon  river.  East  of  the  big 
dike,  where  the  Dorleska  is  located,  the  country  is 
mainly  serpentine,  which  is  cut  up  by  smaller  dikes  of 
diorite,  diabase  and  quartz-porphyry.  While  the 
general  course  of  these  smaller  dikes  is  parallel  to 
the  big  ones,  they  vary  somewhat,  and  occasionally 
intersect  each  other;  and  one  black  dike,  known  as 
''Preacher's  Peak,"  runs  nearly  east  and  west,  at 
right  angles  to  the  others. 

The  Dorleska  vein  occurs  in  a  calcareous-diabase 
dike,  which  runs  north  and  south,  parallel  to  the 
great  dike  of  acid  rock  first  mentioned  and  about  500 
feet  distant  from  it.  The  diabase  dike  varies  from 
20  to  60  feet  wide,  and  Mr.  Lawrence's  first  discov- 
ery was  on  the  east  contact  of  the  dike  with  the  ser- 
pentine, where  there  was  a  vein  of  mixed  talc,  quartz 
and  a  little  calcite,  from  1  foot  to  4  or  5  feet  wide. 
The  rich  ore  was  narrow,  from  1  inch  to  1  foot  wide, 
and  consisted  of  white  quartz  with  an  abundance  of 
free  gold  and  fine  grained  galena,  associated  with 
which  is  a  small  quantity  of  the  tellurides,  petzite 
and  nagyagite.  Coarse  gold  is  not  only  found  near 
the  galena,  but  imbedded  in  the  galena  itself,  forming 
beautiful  and  interesting  specimens.  Soon  after  they 
commenced  operations  the  new  owners  discovered 
that  the  ore  was  not  confined  to  the  contact,  but  that 
it  branched  out  into  the  dike  in  the  form  of  small 
quartz  veins  and  seams,  these  often  being  very  rich. 
The  dike  rock  itself  frequently  appears  to  have  been 
replaced  by  quartz,  wholly  or  partially,  in  portions 
where  the  dike  has  been  cracked  and  broken  by 
movement,  and  in  such  places  the  mineralization  is 
often  sufficient  to  make  good  ore  for  a  considerable 
width.  At  the  third  level  rich  ore  was  found  on  both 
the  east  and  west  contacts  of  the  dike,  and  through 
it  diagonally  from  northeast  to  southwest,  and  for  a 
length  of  75  feet  there  was  an  average  of  10  feet  in 
width  of  ore.  The  single  drift  through  this  ore, 
taking  out  the  full  width  of  the  ore  body,  which  at 
some  points  was  15  feet,  produced  about  400  tons  of 
ore  and  over  $8000  in  bullion. 

Between  the  second  and  third  levels  the  rich  ore 
was  highly  concentrated  at  some  points,  and  one  lot 
of  forty-six  tons  of  first-class  ore  produced  over 
$25,000  in  bullion. 

At  the  fourth  level  the  dike  was  crosscut  opposite 
the  shaft  and  found  over  60  feet  wide.  Seventy-five 
feet  north  rich  ore  was  encountered  running  across 
the  dike,  and  the  ore  was  of  good  milling  grade  for  a' 
width  of  20  feet.  The  dike  at  this  point  had  nar- 
rowed to  29  feet  in  width.  The  ore  was  breasted  out 
laterally  for  a  length  of  30  feet,  the  ore  averaging  17 
feet  in.  width,  and  as  all  the  ore  bins  and  receptacles 
were  then  filled  a  single  drift  was  extended  north,  and 


at  200  feet  from  the  crosscut  at    the   present   writing 
it  is  still  in  ore.  though  not  of  high  grade. 

The  fourth  level  is  120  feet  deeper  than  the  third, 
and  no  ore  ha-  been  taken  out  between  the  two.  All 
the    ore    milled,    except    that    from    the  drift   in   the 

fourth  level,  has  come  from  above  the  third,  or  180 

foot    level. 

A  second  ore  -hoot  was  found  last  summer  in  a 
north  branch  of  tunnel  No.  2.  about  9110  feel  north  of 
the  main  or,'  body,  on  the  cast  contact  of  the  Dor- 
leska   dike.       At    this    point   there  is  a  vein  of  mixed 

talc-,  quartz  and  calcite  on  each  contact  of  the  dike. 

On   the  east   contact    the  ore  has  been  drifted  on  172 
feet,    and    varies    from  li  inches  to  5  feet  in  width  of 

gooii  milling  grade.  Frequently  rich  ore  with  \isible 
gold  and  galena  has  been  encountered  in  this  drift, 
but  so  far  less  continuous  than  in  the  first  ore  body. 
The  shaft  will  be  sunk  100  feet  deeper  the  coining 
winter  and  a  fifth  level  will  be  run  at  a  depth  of  400 
feet.  The  company  have  purchased  several  hundred 
acres  of  timber  land  in  the  immediate  neighborhood, 
and  have  compromised  the  lawsuit  with  the  Yellow 
Rose  on  an  agreed  line  between  (he  properties.  The 
principal  owners  comprise  the  directors  and  officers 
of  the  company.  All  are  residents  of  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.  They  are  as  follows:  H.  Z.  Osborne,  president 
and  general  manager;  C.  E.  Keller,  vice-president, 
and  treasurer;  W.  M.  Van  Dyke,  secretary;  O. 
Wellborn  and  S.  B.  Osborne. 


Hot  Blast  Smelting  for  the  Production 
of  Lead.* 


Written  by  S.  E.  BRETHBRTON. 

We  have  made  a  short  run  with  hot  blast  at,  Val 
Verde.  Ariz.,  upon  lead  sulphide,  containing  a  little, 
partially  oxidized,  iron  ;  but  the  test  was  not  long 
enough  to  decide  the  question  of  the  value  of  a  hot 
blast  in  smelting  lead  ores,  whether  as  to  saving  of 
fuel,  regular  running  of  furnace,  loss  of  metal  or 
general  technical  efficiency  or  economy.  Neverthe- 
less, it  has  confirmed  my  impression  that  warm  blast 
can  be  employed  in  the  lead  blast  furnace  with  con- 
siderable resultant  saving  of  fuel,  if  care  be  taken  to 
secure  the  reduction  of  the  lead  without  too  much 
loss  by  oxidation  ;  and  before  we  resort  to  extensive 
roasting  and  cold  blast  smelting  (in  a  place  where  all 
fuel  is  so  dear  as  it  is  at  Val  Verde),  we  shall  cer- 
tainly give  the  warm  blast  another  fair  trial. 

For  the  past  three  years  I  have  had  to  contend 
with  my  metallurgical  colleagues,  who  hold  that,  to 
be  of  any  benefit  by  reason  of  its  temperature,  the 
blast  must  be  heated  to  600°  F.  or  more.  Admitting 
the  theoretic  advantage  of  the  higher  temperature. 
I  still  maintain  that  500°  F.  is  the  limit  for  technical 
economy  in  pyritic  smelting  ;  and  the  amount  of  fuel 
that  can  be  saved  by  using  blast  at  only  200°  or  300° 
F.  is  surprising.  In  general  practice,  I  believe  16% 
coke  would  be  used  with  cold  blast,  and  (since  a  part 
of  the  sulphur  in  the  charge  is  utilized  even  with  cold 
blast),  under  favorable  conditions,  the  amount  of  coke 
needed  for  that  system  of  smelting  may  be  as  low  as 
12%  of  the  charge.  But  we  have  been  running  regu- 
larly here  for  months  on  5%  of  coke,  and  sometimes, 
for  several  days  at  a  time,  with  only  3%. 

At  present  (June,  1903),  we  are  running  one  rect- 
angular copper  matte  smelting  furnace,  and  doing 
excellent  work  on  material  containing  very  little  cop- 
per, our  blast  for  this  furnace,  being  heated  with  the 
hot-blast  stove  originally  constructed  to  do  this 
work  for  the  small  round  furnace.  The  charge 
(including  400  pounds  of  slag)  is  2540  pounds,  contain- 
ing twenty-five  pounds  of  copper.  The  product  is 
matte  containing  20.5%  to  23%  of  copper.  The  fur- 
nace works  perfectly  ;  the  only  trouble  being  that  the 
men  employed  as  feeders  have  hard  work  to  keep  up 
with  it.  Our  raw  concentrates  are  moulded  into 
briquettes  in  a  press,  and  these  briquettes  are  used 
to  flux  sulphide  ores  carrying  silica  in  excess. 

The  general  propositions,  as  to  the  use  of  heated 
blast  in  the  treatment  of  sulphides  in  the  blast  fur- 
nace, seem  to  be; 

1.  That  the  heat  required  for  effecting  what  may 
be  called  the  "net"  reduction  of  the  raw  material 
of  the  charge  into  metal  or  matte,  and  for  effecting 
and  maintaining  the  fusion  of  the  metal,  matte,  slag, 
etc.,  may  be  furnished  by  the,  fuel  actually  put  into 
the  furnace,  and  burned  by  the  blast,  or  by  the  pre- 
heating of  the  blast,  or  by  the  oxidation  of  sulphur, 
etc.,  in  the  charge. 

2.  That  of  these  sources  of  effective  heat,  the  first 
two  cost  money,  while  the  third  does  not. 

3.  That  the  third  can  be  more  effectively  utilized 
if  the  second  also  be  called  into  play  (that  is  to  say, 
if  the  blast  be  preheated. 

4.  That  the  economic  limits  and  advisability  of  this 
measure  of  economy  in  smelting  must  be  determined 
in  each  case  after  due  consideration  of  all  the  con- 
ditions, including  not  only  the  difficulty  and  cost  of 
securing  a  suitable  ore  mixture,  but  also  the  local 
cost  of  coke  and  other  materials  involved  in  the 
problem. 

5.  That,  for  many  localities  in  the  United  States, 
the  use  of  a  warm  blast  in  matte  smelting  or  lead 
smelting  is  worth  considering. 

*  Abstract  Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Mtn.  Engs. 


253 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


Cyanide  Plant  and  Practice  at  Ymir 
Mine,  British  Columbia.* 

Written  by  Edwin  C.  Holden. 

In  making  the  original  estimates  for  a  report  rec- 
ommending the  cyanidation  of  Ymir  stamp-mill  tail- 
ings, the  writer  was  unable  to  find  in  any  of  the 
standard  works  on  cyanide  practice  certain  data 
applicable  to  the  local  conditions;  nor  has  he  as  yet 
seen  the  same  practice  recorded  in  the  rapidly  grow- 
ing literature  of  cyanidation.  To  present  these  fig- 
ures, together  with  a  few  novel  features  of  local 
practice,  the  present  paper  is  offered. 

The  ore  treated  is  obtained  from  a  fissure  vein  of 
steep  dip,  occurring  in  a  slate  country.  The  ore 
body  is  lenticular  in  plan,  swelling  from  4  feet  in 
width  at  one  end  to  a  maximum  of  42  feet,  and  taper- 
ing irregularly  to  less  than  18  inches,  where  pay 
values  cease.  In  the  wider  portions  of  the  fissure 
the  ore  is  mixed  with  more  or  less  horse-matter  from 
the  walls.  The  clean  ore  is  white,  massive  quartz, 
with  from  8%  to  12%  of  sulphurets;  the  latter  being 
pyrite,  sphalerite  and  galena,  the  predominance  be- 


of  the  silver.  These  totals  were  higher  before  the 
tailings  plant  was  installed,  when  both  battery  and 
vanner  work  were  necessarily  closer. 

The  vanner  tailings  during  the  quarter  ended  Janu- 
ary, 1903  (and  all  the  figures  here  given,  unless  other- 
wise stated,  are  for  that  period),  assayed  0.0882 
ounce  gold  and  1.051  ounce  silver  per  ton;  lead,  1.3%, 
and  zinc,  2.2%.  Of  this  material,  65%  would  pass  a 
100-mesh  screen. 

The  vanner  tailings  being  of  comparatively  low 
grade,  the  writer  felt  himself  practically  confined  to 
the  adoption  of  the  system  of  direct  filling  and  perco- 
lation; and,  as  slimes  treatment  was  not  at  the  same 
time  to  be  provided  for,  the  object  was  to  treat  as 
large  a  proportion  of  the  slimes  as  possible  with  the 
sands;  or,  in  other  words,  to  make  charges  having 
the  lowest  practicable  rate  of  percolation.  This 
minimum  rate  is  usually  stated  as  2  inches  per  hour. 

It  is  also  a  current  conception  that  a  much  larger 
proportion  of  slimes  can  be  handled  in  an  interme- 
diately settled  charge  than  in  a  directly  filled  one. 
To  determine  whether  this  possible  difference  in  ton- 
nage was  important  enough  to  justify  the  increased 
cost  of  installation  and  operation  of  a  plant  with 
settling  vats  was  an  important  problem,  which  our 
experimental  plant  decided. 

After  the  usual  laboratory  tests,  the  experimental 
plant,  consisting  of  two  35-ton  leachers,  5  feet  deep, 


under  water  the  grains  of  sand  are  free  to  arrange 
themselves  most  compactly,  with  a  minimum  of  voids, 
and  the  slimes  are  held  near  where  they  originally 
settled,  because  the  interstitial  currents  are  not 
marked  enough  to  disturb  them;  whereas,  in  charges 
shoveled  into  a  vat  with  less  than  15%  of  moisture, 
the  voids  are  a  maximum,  and  the  slimes  which 
originally  coated  each  grain  of  sand  are  washed  off 
and  settle  through  the  charge,  and,  thus  segregating, 
prevent  uniform  percolation.  The  fact  that  direct 
filled  charges  never  pack  nor  settle  more  than  1%, 
while  indirect  ones  frequently  contract  over  10%, 
during  treatment,  tends  to  confirm  this  view. 

The  final  plant  is  located  half  a  mile  from  the  stamp 
mill  and  300  feet  vertically  below  it.  The  site,  from 
which  over  400  cords  of  timber  were  removed  in 
clearing,  is  on  a  hillside,  and  required  about  5000 
yards  of  excavating  and  630  yards  of  masonry  for 
footing  and  retaining  walls.  All  the  plant  is  housed, 
the  buildings  being  heavily  framed,  as  required  by 
the  deep  snowfalls. 

The  vanner  tailings  are  carried  to  the  plant  by  a 
box  launder  6  by  8  inches  in  section,  and  the  excess 
of  battery  and  vanner  waters  allows  of  a  minimum 
grade  of  slightly  under  5%.  At  that  grade,  and 
with  1-inch  riffles  set  5  inches  apart  in  the  bottom  of 
the  box,  the  durability  even  of  the  local  soft  hemlock 
and  cedar  lumber  used  is  quite  satisfactory. 


THE  SW\N<alNGi    PVKTFORrA    SWITCH. 


Swinging  Platform  Switch.     (See  Opposite  Page.' 


ing  in  the  order  given.  The  precious  metal  tenor  is 
variable,  the  gold  more  closely  following  the  pyrite, 
the  silver  the  galena.  The  present  mill  supply  is 
practically  all  from  below  the  oxidized  zone. 

The  unavoidable  admixture  of  horse-matter  and 
stope  filling,  with  the  ore  as  mined,  affects  more  or 
less  the  character  of  the  mill  feed,  which  sometimes 
contains  from  10%  to  25%  of  slate.  During  the  last 
three  months  of  1902  the  mill  feed  carried  0.3977 
ounce  gold  and  1.903  ounce  silver  per  ton  of  2000 
pounds,  2.65%  lead  and  2.92%  zinc.  The  iron,  unfor- 
tunately, was  not  determined. 

The  ore,  which  will  pass  a  2-inch  grizzly,  is  fed  into 
sixteen  5-stamp  batteries.  The  mortars  are  narrow; 
the  stamps  average  850  pounds  and  drop  6.5  inches 
from  98  to  100  times  per  minute.  The  height  of  issue 
is  from  3.5  to  5  inches,  and  the  screens  (diagonal 
slot)  are  No.  9  or  11,  depending  upon  the  height  of 
issue.  The  crushing  capacity  is  from  2.5  to  3  tons 
per  stamp  per  twenty-four  hours.  There  are  no  in- 
side plates,  and  but  one  56  by  144-inch  apron  plate  to 
each  mortar.  The  saving  on  the  plates  was  61.9%  of 
the  gold  and  9.4%  of  the  silver. 

The  plate  tails  from  each  ten  stamps  were,  without 
classification,  put  over  three  Frue  vanners.  A 
slightly  variable  concentrate  was  made,  averaging 
20.6%  lead;  1.17  ounce  gold  and  12.5  ounces  silver 
per  ton;  and,  approximately,  zinc,  12.9%;  iron,  23%; 
and  insoluble,  6%.  There  was  an  extra  smelting 
charge  on  zinc  in  excess  of  8%;  and  it  was  a  delicate 
matter  to  determine  how  high  the  grade  of  the  van- 
ner tails  could  be  raised  with  profit,  so  as  to  throw 
over  the  zinc  and  reduce  the  concentrate  tonnage. 
The  gold  saving  in  the  concentrates  was  16%,  the 
silver  35.4%,  and  the  lead  42%.  The  total  saving  in 
the  stamp  mill  was  thus  77.9%  of  the  gold  and  44.8% 

*  Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.    (Condensed). 


with  solution  tanks,  zinc  boxes,  etc.,  was  erected. 
One  leacher  was  charged  direct  from  a  Butters'  dis- 
tributor, which  was  fed  by  the  bottom  discharge  of  a 
pointed  box  carrying  the  vanner  tailings  from  twenty 
stamps.  The  box  got  rid  of  excess  water  and  a  little 
of  the  finest  slimes.  The  second  leacher  was  charged 
from  a  two-compartment  box  in  which  the  vanner 
tailings  were  settled,  the  sands  being  dropped  from 
the  compartments  alternately  as  filled,  and  shoveled 
in  the  leacher  as  in  ordinary  intermediate  filling 
plants.  We  were  thus  enabled  on  a  commercial  scale 
to  compare  results  of  the  two  systems  of  filling  with 
the  same  character  of  material.  A  comparison  of 
results  from  fifty-two  charges  is  here  given,  screen 
tests  being  100-mesh: 


Fines. 
Charged.  Per  Cent. 

Direct 44.2 

Intermediate 39.8 


Gold  Recovery.  Silver  Recovery. 
Per  Cent.  Per  Cent. 

76.5  52.3 

77.2  54.1 


The  average  minimum  rate  of  percolation  in  the 
direct  filled  charge  was  1.9  inch  per  hour.  In  the  in- 
termediately filled  charges  the  rate  was  quite  vari- 
able, but  the  average  minimum  was  over  3.25  inches. 

Owing  to  structural  difficulties  in  the  experimental 
plant,  which  had  to  be  squeezed  into  an  unoccupied 
corner  of  the  stamp  mill,  we  could  not  give  the. 
settling  boxes  area  enough  to  settle  regularly  charges 
carrying  the  same  proportion  of  fines  as  the  direct 
filled  ones;  but  eight  of  these  charges,  made  when 
some  of  the  stamps  were  hung  up,  carried  43.7% 
fines,  and  the  gold  and  silver  recoveries  averaged, 
respectively,  73.6%  and  46.5%. 

These  results  led  to  the  rather  unexpected  conclu- 
sion that  direct  filling,  when  properly  done,  not  only 
leaves  a  charge  in  as  good  condition  for  treatment  as 
the  intermediate  method,  but  renders  it  possible  to 
treat  a  larger  proportion  of  the  slimes.  It  may  be 
suggested  as  an  explanation  that  in  a  charge  settled 


To  make  the  required  fall  of  300  feet  to  the  plant, 
a  series  of  drop  boxes  is  inserted  where  the  topogra- 
phy is  favorable;  and  a  12-inch  sand  pocket  at  the 
bottom  of  each  drop,  to  prevent  wear,  should  also  be 
an  efficient  saver  of  escaping  amalgam  or  mercury. 

The  tailings  enter  the  top  of  the  storage  solution 
room;  and  when,  as  in  the  period  under  considera- 
tion, from  forty  to  sixty  stamps  are  running,  the 
classification  is  done  in  two  boxes,  the  first  being  18 
by  24  inches  wide  by  18  inches  deep,  with  two  verti- 
cal sides  and  false  ends  sloping  60°  to  a  0.5  by  24-inch 
slot,  under  which  hydraulic  currents  can  be  applied. 
This  box  settles  only  the  coarse  sands,  which  are 
drawn  off  through  a  2-inch  nipple  into  the  charging 
launder.  The  second  box  is  pointed,  3  feet  6  inches 
in  width  and  depth,  and  7  feet  long,  with  a  3-inch  out- 
let". A  plug  valve  in  this  outlet,  in  combination  with 
the  hydraulic  current  in  the  box,  regulates  the  speed 
of  the  distributors,  while  maintaining  the  same  sepa- 
rating action  in  the  box.  The  overflow  from  the  box, 
carrying  about  60%  of  the  water  and  20%  of  the 
total  tailings,  is  run  to  waste.  This  overflow  should 
all  pass  a  100-mesh  screen,  and  is  mostly  impalpable 
material. 

All  of  the  vats  and  tanks,  except  the  sumps,  are  of 
steel.  The  leachers,  32  feet  in  diameter  by  6  feet 
deep,  are  on  timber  foundations  with  masonry  foot- 
ings. Caps  and  sills  are  parallel,  an  arrangement 
which  renders  jacking-up  easier  than  the  usual  right- 
angled  structure.  Bents  and  posts  are  spaced  4  feet 
between  centers,  and  the  bracing  does  not  extend 
above,  the  post,  the  shimming  being  done  between 
posts  and  caps.  On  the  caps  are  4  by  8-inch  joists, 
spaced  18  inches  between  centers.  There  is  no  flooring 
on  any  of  the  vat  or  tank  joists,  and  there  is  head- 
room under  them  all,  so  that  leakages  occurring  in 
the  plant  cannot  be  unknown  or  inaccessible.      The 


October  17.  1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


254 


vats  are  fitted  with  top  annular  overflow  launders; 
and,  to  preserve  a  level  rim,  a  soft  wood  strip,  pro- 
jecting above  the  edge  of  the  vat.  is  Fastened  with 
stove  bolts  to  the  side  plates,  the  joint  being  calked 
with  oakum.  Any  settling  of  the  vats  which  is  insuf- 
ficient to  require  jacking-up  from  below  can  thus  be 
easily  rectified,  as  with  tongue-shaped  wooden  vats 
The  distributors  are  of  t li<-  usual  type,  and  have 
twenty  1.5-inch  arms.  This  an-a  of  discharge  open- 
ngs,  with  our  quantity  of  tailings,  never  allowing 
any  head  to  accumulate  in  the  distributor  hopper, 
renders  uniform  distribution  difficult.     The  slightest 


Swinging  Platform  Switch. 
Herewith     is     illustrated    a    swinging    platform 

switch,  for  use  in  mini's  or  other  places  where  such 
switches  are  necessary  or  desired.  This  switch  is 
especially  adapted  to  narrow  tunnels  which  admit  of 
only  a  single  track.  It  dispenses  with  any  need  of 
frogs,  tongues  or  turnouts.  The  switch  can  l>e  lo- 
cated at  any  point  in  the  main  track  without  the  neces- 
sity of  making  any  alteration  therein. 

As  will  be  noted,  this  swinging  platform  switch  is  a 


is  made  to  any  gauge    desired.      The  car  is   raised  in 

passing  over  this  switch  the  height  of  the  rail  in  a 
distance  Of  2  feet  8  inches,  making  a  slight  grade. 
which  is  easily  traveled  over  by  the  cars  going  in  the 
tunnel,  the  cars  coming  out  having  the  advantage  of 
a  small  down  grade  at  this  point. 

The  hinges  of  this  switch  are  securely  fastened  to 
a  heavy  plank,  which  can  be  spiked  or  bolted  to  the 
cross  tio  of  the  main  track  at  any  place  along  the 
line,  and  a  branch  or  parallel  track  can  lie  taken  off 
at  that  point. 

These  switches  are  manufactured  and  for  sale  by 
the  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co..  Denver,  Colo. 


Electrolytic  Refining  of  Copper.* 


NUMBEB  II.-OONCLTJDED. 


Showing   Platform   Switch   in    Place. 


throw  of  the  stream  from  the  charging  drop  box  off 
the  center  of  the  hopper  results  in  uneven  charging, 
most  of  the  slimes  going  to  the  low  side  of  the  vat. 
Many  devices  were  tried  to  remedy  this,  and  to  pre- 


simple  arrangement,  consisting  of  a  hinged  plate, 
carrying  8,  12  or  l(i  pound  rail.  When  this  switch  is 
lowered  in  place  the  rails  thereon  fit  to  gauge  of 
track  in  use.     The  rail  is  rigidly  bolted  to  the  plate 


Written  by  W.   D.  BANCROFT. 

Commercial  Test. — In   this   test   an  attempt  was 
made  to  duplicate  commercial  conditions  in  the  pre- 
cipitation of  electrolytic  copper.     Through  the  cour- 
tesy  of   the   Baltimore  Copper  Co.  several  hundred 
pounds   of  their   commercial  anode 
plates  were  obtained. 

As  the  current  efficiency  could 
not  be  computed  from  the  results 
of  this  run  on  account  of  a  short 
circuit  which  occurred,  an  extra 
determination  was  made  with  a 
commercial  anode,  using  the  cur- 
rent-efficiency apparatus  previously 
described.  This  run  was  made  at 
45°  Centigrade  and  a  current  dens- 
ity of  two  amp  /  qdm.  Prom  the 
current  efficiency  obtained  it  is 
clear  that  the  impurities  in  the 
anode  do  not  cut  down  the  current 
efficiency  to  any  extent.  The  cur- 
rent efficiency  of  commercial  tanks 
does  not  reach  this  high  figure, 
probably  due  to  leakage  of  the  cur- 
rent through  the  slimes  on  the 
bottom. 

Calculations  for  Cost  of  Re- 
fining.—  Basis — One  tank,  inside 
dimensions  2  by  2!  by  9  feet.  Out- 
side dimensions  taken  as  29  by  34 
by  16,000  square,  inches.  Ratio  of 
radiating  surface  of  small  experi- 
mental tank  to  commercial  tank  is 
about  1  to  100. 
Solution  D. — The  basis  for  the  following  figures  on 
the  cost  of  production  is  as  follows: 

One   tank,  cotaining  130  electrodes  of  two  plates 
each. 


vent  twisting  of  the  drop  stream,  which  motion  also 
has  a  classifying  effect;  and  the  last  and  simplest 
plan  was  successful.  The  drop  was  made  square; 
and  inside  the  lower  end  of  it  an  iron  strip  was  fast- 
ened to  each  side.  The  square  drop  prevents  twist- 
ing, and  to  throw  the  stream  toward  the  low  side,  of 
the  charge  small  wedges  were  driven  under  the  irou 
strips,  as  needed.  These  details  may  seem  trifling; 
but  when  the  object  is  to  treat  the  maximum  quan- 
tity of  slimes  by  percolation  they  will  be  found  of 
prune  importance  in  obtaining  a  uniform  charge. 

(  TO    BE    CONTINUED.) 


Manner   of   Placing   Platform   Switch. 

which  carries  the  hinges,  the  hinges  being  connected 
to  each  other  by  a  strip  of  steel  and  theouter  rail, 
which  is  riveted  to  the  edge,  of  the  plate  on  the  head 
end  and  the  steel  plate  at  the  rear  end,  make  a 
strong,  rigid  construction,  at  the  same  time  being 
lio-ht  and  easy  to  handle.  The  rail  on  the  switch  is 
connected  to  the  main  track  by  a  tapering  bar,  over 
which  the  car  rises  on  a  gentle  grade  and  crosses 
over  to  the  branch  track.  The  mine  rails  to  the 
branch  track  are  connected  to  the  rails  of  the  switch 
in  the  usual  manner — with  splice  bars  and  track 
bolts.     The  switch  is  7  feet  4  inches  long  over  all,  and 


Weight  of  copper  per  tank  =  5700  pounds. 

Value  of  copper  per  tank  =  $800. 

Cost  of  power  =  $20  per  H.  P.  year. 

Plant  temperature  =  20°  Centigrade. 

The  calculation  is  made  on  the  basis  that  the  heat- 
ing of  the  electrolyte  is  done  by  means  of  the  electric 
current.  In  such  cases,  where  the  cost  of  heating 
the  solution  is  greater  than  the  cost  of  precipitating 
the  copper,  we.  have  taken  as  the  figures  of  cost  the 
former,    and   vice  versa,  since,  in  precipitating  the 

*Tmns.  Am.  Electro-Chemical  Society,  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
IS,  1903. 


255 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


copper,  the  energy  is  consumed  simply  in  overcoming 
the  resistance  of  the  electrolyte,  and  thereby  heating 
it.  The  following  table  gives  the  results  of  the 
calculations : 


COST  OF   REFINING   TANK   OF  COPPER. 


> 

h3 

X 

O 

W 

B 
X 

OS 

CD  P 

^3« 

s* 

CD  > 

£i 

CD  CD 

«  ffl 

"K 

s 

Pp 

°  o 

:  c 

ETC 

■  a 

:   E 

-      Ul 

1 

20 

390 

11. 195 

000 

1 

50 

196 

0.601 

793 

1 

70 

153 

0.468 

1,550 

1 

90 

134 

0.411 

2,360 

2 

20 

608 

1.86 

000 

2 

50 

362 

1.11 

396 

2 

70 

274 

0.84 

775 

2 

90 

233 

0.71 

1,180 

3 

20 

795 

2.43 

000 

3 

50 

519 

1.59 

264 

3 

70 

400 

1.22 

517 

3 

90 

341 

1.04 

787 

4 

20 

1,000 

3.06 

000 

4 

50 

647 

1.98 

198 

4 

70 

519 

1.59 

388 

4 

90 

433 

1.33 

590 

o 

t-< 

h3 

a" 

o 

p 

•d  CD 

X 

■      X 

o 

r 

so.  oo 

$2,975 

$4.17 

2.425 

2.975 

5.40 

4.755 

2.975 

7.73 

7.205 

2.975 

10.18 

0.00 

1.487 

3.35 

1.21 

1.487 

2.70 

2.38 

1.487 

3.87 

3.60 

1.487 

5.09 

0.00 

0.99 

3.42 

0.81 

0.99 

2.58 

1.58 

0.99 

2.57 

2.40 

0.99 

3.39 

0.00 

0.74 

3.80 

0.61 

0.74 

2.72 

1.19 

0.74 

2.33 

1.80 

0.74 

2.54 

While  these  figures  are  based  on  experiments  with 
the  series  system,  it  is  probab'e  that  the  conclusions 
to  be  drawn  would  apply  equally  well  to  the  multiple 
system. 

Exception  may  be  taken  to  these  estimates  of  the 
cost  on  the  ground  that,  in  practice,  the  solutions 
are  heated  by  steam  coils,  and  that  this  costs  less  than 
electrical  heating.  To  meet  this  objection  the  re- 
sults have  been  calculated  on  the  basis  of  electrical 
power  at  $20  per  horse-power-year,  and  steam  heat- 
ing at  one-thirtieth  the  price  of  electrical  heating. 
The  data  for  the  two  calculations  are  given  in  the  ta- 
ble, and  show  cost  per  ton  of  copper  instead  of  per 
tank. 


COST  PER    TON   OF   COPPER. 


Amp/qdm. 

Temperature 
Degrees. 

20 

50 

70 

90 

2 

20 

2 

50 

2 

70 

2 

90 

3 

20 

3 

50 

3 

70 

3 

90 

4 

20 

4 

50 

4 

70 

4 

90 

Cost  20—20. 

Cost  20—30. 

11.40 

$1.46 

1.89 

1.28 

2.78 

1.25 

3.57 

1.27 

1.17 

1.17 

0.95 

0.91 

1.36 

0.83 

1.79 

0.80 

1.20 

1.20 

0.91 

0.91 

0.90 

0.78 

1.19 

0.72 

1.33 

1.33 

0.95 

0.95 

0.82 

0.82 

0.89 

0.89 

It  must  be  kept  in  mind  that  these  estimated  costs 
do  not  include  the  cost  of  labor,  and  are  based  on  the 
assumption  of  100%  current  efficiency. 

Conclusion. — Summing  up  the  results  obtained 
for  the  different  runs,  it  is  now  possible  to  draw  con- 
elusions  as  to  what  are  the  most  financially  economi- 
cal conditions  under  which  to  refine  copper  electro- 
lytically. 

Two  sets  of  curves  were  plotted,  one.  showing  the 
relation  between  the  cost  to  precipitate  a  ton  of  cop- 
per and  the  operating  temperature,  the  second  set 
showing  the  relation  between  the  cost  to  precipitate  a 
ton  of  copper  and  the  operating  current  density.  From 
these  curves,  it  is  evident  that  to  operate  at  a  tem- 
perature of  90°  and  a  low-current  density  is  entirely 
out  of  the  question,  not  only  on  account  of  the  cost  of 
power  to  heat  the  solution  and  precipitate  the  cop- 
per, but  also  on  account  of  the  deterioration  of  the 
solution,  which  takes  place  verj'  rapidly  under  these 
conditions.  At  this  high  temperature  and  the  higher 
current  densities,  the  cost  rapidly  approaches  a  min- 
imum, but  here  also  the  deterioration  probably  more 
than  offsets  the  advantage  of  reduced  cost  of  power. 
To  operate  at  20°  Centigrade  is  not  so  costly  as  would 
seem  at  first  thought.  The  cost  is  maximum  at  the 
lowest  and  the  highest  current  densities,  reaching  a 
minimum  between  two  and  one-quarter  and  two  and 
one-half  amp/qdm. 

At  50°  it  would  not  be  economical  to  operate  at  one 
amp/qdm,  but  the  cost  drops  off  very  rapidly  be- 
tween one  and  two  ampere.  At  the  higher  current  den- 
sities the  cost  fluctuates  but  very  little,  reaching  a 
minimum  at  about  two  and  one-half  amp /  qdm. 

The  result  at  70°  seems  the  most  satisfac- 
tory, and  it  is  at  this  temperature  that  we  shall  get 
the  best  results.  Although  the  cost  runs  very  high 
at  this  temperature  for  a  current  density  of  one 
amp/qdm,  it  begins  to  drop  off  very  rapidly  as  the 
current  density  increases,  until  it  assumes  a  practi- 
cally constant  value  at  the  higher  current  densities. 
Between  3.5  and  3.75  amp/qdm  would  be  the  best 
current  density  for  obtaining  economical  results, 
for  at  this  density  no  extra  power  would  be  required 
to  heat  the  solution.  Operating  at  this  current 
density,  and  with  the  tanks  covered,  the  cur- 
rent alone  would  be  sufficient  to  heat  the  electro- 
lyte to  over  80°.  In  order  to  secure  a  good  circula- 
tion, essential  for  a  good  deposit  with  high-current 
densities,  the  present  method  of  pumping  could  be 
retained. 

The  lower  the  cost  of  heating,  the  greater  the  ad- 
vantage of  a  high  temperature.  Lowering  the  rate 
of  interest  decreases  the  advantage  of  a  high-cur- 
rent density.     With  covered  tanks  it  will  be  possible 


for  men  to  work  in  the  tank  room  with  the  electro- 
lyte at  70°. 

If  we  compare  the  cost  of  working  under  the  so- 
called  standard  conditions  of  open  tanks,  a  current 
density  of  14  amp  /  sq  feet  and  a  temperature  of  50° 
with  the  cost  of  working  with  the  covered  tanks  at 
70°  and  a  current  density  of  3.5  amp/qdm  (31.5 
amp /sq  feet),  the  saving  by  the  latter  method  will 
be  very  close  to  $1  a  ton  of  refined  copper  when 
all  power  is  figured  at  $20  per  horse-power-year. 

Therefore,  in  order  to  operate  a  plant  most  eco- 
nomically, copper  should  be  refined  electrolytic-ally 
under  these  conditions: 

1.  Covered  tanks. 

2.  Current  density  3.5  amp/qdm. 

3.  Temperature  70°. 


Testing  Methods  in  the  Physical  Exami- 
nation of  Portland  Cements.* 


NUMBER  III.— CONCLUDED. 


Written  for  tne  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
A.  H.  Cederbehg. 

Time  of  Setting  Test. — This  test  is  in  many  cement 
works  practically  part  and  parcel  of  the  test  for  ten- 
sile strength,  and  in  other  works,  again,  it  is  made 
entirely  separate.  For  practical  purposes  and  the 
saving  of  time  and  labor,  the  first  way  of  testing  is 
amply  sufficient.  The  separate  test  is,  however,  very 
simple.  The  setting  of  the  cement  can  properly  be 
divided  into  two  periods  : 

First — Time  elapsed  in  which  the  cement  has  ob- 
tained its  initial  set. 

Second — Time  elapsed  in  which  the  cement  has 
obtained  its  final  set. 

When  this  test  is  made  in  connection  with  the  mak 
ing  of  the  briquettes,  it  consists  merely  in  applying 
the  standard  testing  needles  to  the  exposed  surface 
of  the  briquette  and  time  in  minutes  recorded,  when 
the  gauges  fail  to  show  any  impression  on  these  ex- 
posed surfaces. 

For  scientific  work  the  so-called  Vicat  needle  is 
used.  The  sample  of  cement  to  be  tested  by  the 
Vicat  needle  is  prepared  and  kneaded  into  a  dough 
in  the  same  mamier  as  when  making  briquettes.  It 
is  now  formed  into  a  ball,  also,  with  the  hands  and 
pressed  very  gently  into  the  rubber  ring  through  the 
larger  opening,  smoothed  off  on  both  sides  with  a 
trowel,  and  when  done  it  is  put — small  end  up — on 
the  glass  plate,  and  placed  directly  under  the  rod 
bearing  the  cap  at  the  upper  end  and  the  needle  at 
the  lower.  The  needle  is  now  slowly  brought  in  con- 
tact with  the  exposed  surface  of  the  cement  paste 
and  quickly  released. 

Initial  setting  has.  according  to  standard  rule, 
taken  place  when  the  needle  stops  at  a  point  5  m.m. 
(0.2  inch)  above  the  upper  surface  of  the  glass  plate 
on  which  the  "dough"  is  resting. 

Final  setting  has.  according  to  standard  rule, 
taken  place  when  the  needle  fails  to  sink  in  the  paste 
at  all. 

Every  time  the  needle  is  used  it  should  be  well 
cleaned. 

Modern  standard  Portand  cements  are  supposed 
to  be  slow  setting — that  is,  initial  setting  should  not 
take  place  within  60  minutes  or  more  in  neat 
cement,  after  being  mixed  with  water.  The  general 
standard  is  about  90  to  180  minutes,  resulting  in  a 
final  set  in  4  to  6  hours.  Such  slow  setting  cements 
were  formerly  obtained  without  the  aid  of  a  foreign 
admixture,  but  the  tendency  among  modern  cement 
manufacturers  to  produce  a  more  finely  ground 
cement  has  necessitated  the  addition  of  a  limited 
amount  of  calcined  plaster  or  gypsum  in  order  to 
overcome  the  quick  setting  properties  of  the  finer 
ground  cement. 

It  must  be  understood  that  the  setting  of  a  cement 
involves  a  chemical  action,  hence  the  setting  is  accel- 
erated by  heat  or  fineness  of  grinding,  and  retarded 
by  cold  or  coarse  grinding.  This  fact  explains  that 
if  a  cement  has  normal  setting  properties  at  normal 
temperature  (say  +  70°  F.)  these  properties  will  be 
proportionally  modified  at  a  higher  or  lower  temper- 
ature. 

This  fact  also  explains  why  the  manufacturer  who 
does  not  hesitate  to  test  his  fresh  cement  has  a 
decided  advantage  over  the  one  who  sticks  to  the 
idea  of  not  testing  the  cement  until  it  is  seasoned. 

To  the  expert  tester  the  setting  of  the  cement  is 
very  interesting,  as  it  gives  him  a  valuable  aid  in 
judging  of  the  value  of  the  cement  as  a  whole.  Sam- 
ples that  show  erratic  time  in  setting  are  generally 
insufficiently  plastered  cements. 

The  marked  rise  in  temperature  that  takes  place 
owing  to  the  chemical  action  involved  in  this  test 
begins  in  a  normal  cement  when  the  initial  set  has 
taken  place.  From  then  on  the  temperature  rises 
rapidly  until  a  maximum  is  reached,  when  it  gradu- 
ally recedes  and  assumes  normal  temperature  again. 
The  intensity  of  rise  of  the  temperature  in  this  case 
has  no  effect  on  the  souudness  or  unsoundness  of  the 
cement,  providing  the  previous  boiling  test  has  been 

♦Copyrighted. 


satisfactory.  If,  on  the  other  hand,  a  rise  in  temper- 
ature occurs  before  initial  setting  has  taken  place,  it 
is  generally  a  good  sign  for  a  more  or  less  overlimed 
or  overplastered  cement. 

The  amount  of  calcined  plaster  that  can  be  added 
to  a  modern  cement  is  confined  within  very  narrow 
limits,  or  from  1J%  to  2%.  Below  \\%  the  setting 
properties  are  too  erratic  and  above  2%  the  amount 
of  sulphuric  acid  gets  too  close  to  the  danger  line. 

An  insufficiently  plastered  cement,  ground  very 
fine  and  otherwise  perfect,  is  often  slow  setting  when 
fresh,  but  becomes  quick  setting  even  after  only  a 
few  hours'  aerating.  This  change  in  the  cement  has 
often  resulted  in  large  shipments  being  rejected,  and, 
while  justly  so,  the  fact  remains  that  the  cement  is 
perfectly  sound,  but  it  does  not  meet  the  specifica- 
tions. 

A  sound  cement  mixed  in  right  proportions  with 
an  insufficiently  calcined  plaster  also  exhibits  the 
same  aggravating  symptoms  after  aerating. 

A  sound  cement  mixed  in  good  proportions  with 
poorer  grades  of  gypsum  is  also  very  erratic  in  its 
setting  properties  after  aerating. 

A  sound  plaster-free  cement  that  has  become  quick 
setting  on  account  of  fine  grinding  can  be  made  slow 
setting  by  an  increased  proportion  of  water,  either 
sea  or  fresh,  although  at  a  slight  loss  in  tensile 
strength. 

A  sound  and  plastered  cement,  that  has  become 
quick  setting  after  aerating,  on  the  other  hand,  will 
get  still  more  quick  setting  by  an  increased  propor- 
tion of  sea  or  fresh  water. 

A  plastered  cement  shows  a  higher  tensile  strength 
than  the  same  cement  plaster  free. 

An  overplastered  cement  (2i%  or  more)  is  very 
dangerous,  and  especially  in  sea  water.  A  briquette 
made  of  such  cement  will  soon  show  signs  of  cracking 
and  disintegration.  In  fact,  if  cement  is  to  be  used 
in  sea  water  construction,  I  personally  believe  that  a 
plaster-free  cement  ground  about  88%  or  90%  fine  on 
100  mesh  is  the  best  all-around,  whether  quick  set- 
ting or  not. 

An  erratic  setting  cement,  while  somid  as  far  as 
boiling  test  goes,  is  equally  as  erratic  in  its  tensile 
strength. 

If,  as  is  the  custom  in  several  cement  works,  the 
plaster  is  mixed  in  with  the  cement  only  when  ready 
for  shipment,  only  the  most  thorough  and  careful 
mixing  will  accomplish  good  results.  The  most  irreg- 
ular setting  has  been  recorded  in  cements  thus  im- 
perfectly treated — and  no  wonder,  because  even  the 
naked  eye  could  easily  discover  the  plaster  in  streaks 
all  through  the  sample  tested.  Only  ten  days  ago 
such  a  cement — new  brand  at  that — was  shown  to 
the  writer,  the  contractor  wondering  if  there  was 
any  "  flour  "  in  it. 

All  up-to-date  cement  manufacturers  mix  the  cal- 
cined plaster  in  with  the  clinkers,  thus  saving  them- 
selves all  the  above  recorded  troubles. 

In  a  few  instances  I  have  saved  a  "disobedient" 
plastered  cement  by  adding  an  exceedingly  small 
quantity  of  finely  ground  and  thoroughly  slaked  hy- 
drate of  lime,  mixing  same  in  thoroughly.  No  mat- 
ter how  irregular  the  setting  was  before,  ranging 
from  1J  minute  to  17  minutes.  I  brought  the  cement 
to  time  and  got  an  initial  setting  in  from  52  minutes 
to  90  minutes  or  more,  even  after  continued  aerat- 
ing. Although  I  am  not  in  position  to  judge  from 
lack  of  personal  observations,  I  will,  however,  not 
hesitate  to  pronounce  as  a  belief  that  cements  des- 
tined for  export  to  tropical  climates,  especially, 
would  be  benefited  by  this  little  addition  of  lime. 

Specific  Gravity  Test. — If  the  foregoing  testing 
methods  have  been  strictly  adhered  to,  and  satisfac- 
tory results  have  been  obtained,  the  specific  gravity 
test  of  Portland  cement  is  of  little  or  no  consequence. 

The  specific  gravity  is  very  variable  in  different 
brands. 

The  specific  gravity  is  higher  in  fresher  cements 
than  in  older,  and  a  difference  is  recorded  even  after 
30  days. 

The  specific  gravity  may  vary  from  2.90  to  3.20. 

Hence  the  idea  of  rejecting  a  cement  on  account  of 
its  specific  gravity  not  being  in  harmony  with  the 
specific  gravity  stipulated  in  a  specification  is  just 
as  ridiculous  as  the  man  who  insists  on  putting  cer- 
tain specific  gravity  in  the  specifications,  without 
giving  due  allowance  for  modification  from  his  normal 
figure,  and  it  smacks  entirely  too  much  of  "fixing." 

Specific  gravity  should  not  enter  as  an  exclusive 
test  by  itself  in  any  specifications. 

This  test  becomes  of  interest  in  the  following  in- 
stances: 

First — If  cement  refuses  to  stand  the  boiling  test, 
a  specific  gravity  of  less  than  minimum  normal  (2.9) 
will  then  indicate  underburned  clinkers. 

Second — If  cement,  otherwise  perfect,  is  far  below 
modern  standard  of  tensile  strength,  the  specific 
gravity  will  then  tell  you  in  some  eases,  but  not  in 
all,  that  the  cement  has  been  adulterated. 

As  all  Portland  cements  have  hydraulic  proper- 
ties— that  is,  can  set  under  water — the  ordinary 
methods  in  obtaining  the  specific  gravity  cannot  be 
applied  here.  Numerous  devices  are  in  the  market. 
The  Le  Chatelier  apparatus,  recommended  by  the 
committee  heretofore  referred  to,  is  the  best.  It  can 
be  had  at  any  laboratory  supply  house.  Benzine  or 
kerosene,  free  from  water,  should  be  used  only  in 
making  the  determinations.     Full  description  accom- 


OCTOBEH    IT.     1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


256 


panies  every  outfit  and  is  ^o  complete  thai  do  addi- 
tional mention  of  the  same  on  my  part  will  add  to  its 
accuracy 

As  all  modern  and  fair  concrete  specifications  call 
for  boiling  test  of  cement  to  be  used,  and  rejection  of 
i:t  refusing  to  stand  this  test  is  a  matter  of 
right  down  fact,  the  specific  gravity  is  only  of  sec- 
ondary importance  to  the  engineers. 

As  all  modern  and  fair  concrete  specifications  call 
for  standard  tensile  strength,  and  nine  out  of  every 
ten  brands  submitted  will  show  figures  considerably 
above   standard   requirements,  it  is  evident  that  only 

the  highest  testing  cement,  all  other  tests  being  sat 
isfactory,  will  be  chosen.  Hence  here  the  specific 
gravity  test  i-  of  only  secondary  importance. 

Color,  Etc. — Of  other  characteristics  sometimes 
stipulated  in  specifications  for  concrete  there  is  very 

little  to  say.    Once  in  a  while  one  sees  color  specified, 

Tin-  color  in  the  "non-colored"  cement  depends 
entirely  on  the  amount  of  iron  present,  bul  its  darker 

Or  lighter  color  has    nothing  whatsoever    to  do  with 

the  soundness  or  unsoundness  of  the  cement.  There 
is  no  need,  therefore,  to  describe  the  "Portland 
Color."  (Inly,  if  the  Portland  cement  shows  a  color 
more  like  the  light-colored   natural  cements,  there  is 

reason  to  believe   that   the  cement  is  underburned, 

and  thi'  boiling  test  or  specific  gravity  test  will  soon 
check  that.  The  cement  that  is  most  attractive  is 
naturally  the  one  that  is  lighter  in  color.  The  so- 
called  La  Farge  cement,  a  French  Portand  cement, 
is  almost  while,  and,  being  very  expensive,  is  used 
only  in  stucco  or  mosaic  work.  Cement  used  in  mor- 
tal' to  lay  brick  or  colored  building  stone  may  be  col- 
ored with  certain  coloring  matter  and  without  dan- 
fer  to  harmonize  with  the  color  of  the  brick  or  stone. 
or  construction  purposes,  however,  the  question  of 
color  should  be  left  out  entirely.  The  word  Portland 
cement  is  sufficient.  To  stipulate  such  a  petty  detail 
in  this  ease  is  generally  another  case  of  either  igno- 
rance or  "  fixing.'' 

Adulterated  Cements. — I  am  sorry  to  say  that  in 
the  United  States  adulterated  Portland  cements 
have  made  their  entrance  into  the  market  and  are 
being  palmed  off  as  "Portland  cements."  They  are 
very  few.  however,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  they 
will  not  be  spread  much.  They  are  very  difficult  to 
detect,  and  only  to  the  trained  eye  they  present  a 
somewhat  "sluggish"  Portland  color.  Specific  grav- 
ity will  in  some  cases  be  of  help,  but  not  always. 
The  writer  has  had  two  samples  submitted  to  him 
which  have  shown  specific  gravity  test  and  all  other 
tests  O.  K.,  with  the  exception  of  unusually  slow  set- 
ting properties.  This  cement  was  adulterated  with 
a  certain  foreign  matter  to  the  extent  of  15%,  and 
after  obtaining  a  sample  lot  of  this  foreign  matter 
and  grinding  it  up  to  the  same  fineness  as  a  sample 
cement  with  which  it  was  to  be  mixed  for  further 
tests,  the  mixed  samples  up  to  32%  with  foreign  mat- 
ter showed  no  physical  properties  different  from  the 
pure  Portland  cement,  except  in  being  extremely 
slow  setting.  Above  32%  the  tensile  strength  in  the 
mixed  samples  showed  a  steady  decrease,  which  be- 
came unusually  pronounced  at  a  70%  adulteration, 
but  aside  from  outrageously  slow  setting  and  low  ten- 
sile strength,  both  neat  and  sand,  all  other  tests 
were  O.  K.  The  chemical  analysis  was  the  only  suc- 
cessful "discoverer"  in  that  case.  But  it  is  para- 
mount to  fraud  to  sell  such  a  cement  as  a  true  Port- 
laud  cement,  and  if  I  am  not  mistaken  I  believe,  the 
United  States  government  forbids  anyone  selling  a 
cement  as  Portland  cement  that  does  not  contain  a 
chemical  composition  within  the  following  well-defined 
limits  : 

Per  Cent. 

Lime 60  to  66 

Silica 18  to  24 

Alumina 6  to  10 

Iron  oxide 3  to    5 

I  have  on  purpose  not  said  anything  about  the 
presence  of  magnesia  in  Portland  cement.  Its  inju- 
rious qualities  on  Portland  cement,  if  found  in  excess 
(above  5%),  is  so  well   known   that  commenting  on 


same  is  out  of  date.     Every  prospectus  that  has  been 

sent  me  indicate-,  that  the  new  manufacturer  or  pro- 
moter entering  this  remunerative  field  has  a  whole- 
some terror  for  this  particular  compound,  and  it  is 
doubtful  if  any  Portland  cement  manufactured  in  the 
United  States  shows  a  quantity  of  over  4"0  of  mag- 
nesia.   So  there  is  no  need  of  "fording  the  river  to 

get  a  bucket  of  water. 

Conclusions. — The  above  would  go  to  show  that 
the  tests  required  for  practical  purposes  in  order  to 
prove  a  cement  submitted  to  be  a  Portland  cement 
should  be  as  follows  : 

First— Boiling  test. 

Second — Sand  test  for  tensile  strength  (1-3). 

Third— Neat  test. 

Fourth — Initial  and  final  setting. 

Fifth— Chemical  analysis. 

If  boiling  tests  show  cracks  very  quickly,  or  warp- 
ing, etc..  reject  the  cement,  and  don't  go  to  the  ex- 
pense of  making  any  further  tests  with  it,  because, 
as  stated,  there  are  dozens — aye,  scores — of  cement 
brands  that  will  stand  up  under  the  test.  After 
having  failed  on  the  boiling  test,  the  subsequent  tests 
are  of  benefit  to  the  manufacturer  only,  and  neither 
the  contractor  nor  the  engineer  should  carry  his 
burden. 

A  buyer  of  Portland  cement  should  insist  on  a  cer- 
tified shipping  test  sheet  from  the  manufacturer  on 
every  shipment  bought,  no  matter  how  small  or  how 
large,  and  if  a  domestic  brand  is  bought  the  buyer 
should  also  be  informed  by  the  manufacturer  at  what 
period  the  plaster  of  paris  was  mixed  In  the  shipped 
lot.  All  foreign  cement  cargoes  are  accompanied 
by  such  certificates.  It  does  not  cost  the  manufac- 
turer anything  more  to  do  it,  as  he  has,  if  he  wants 
to  be  in  the  swing,  a  permanent  testing  staff  that 
can  do  the  work  in  no  time.  This  shipping  certificate 
should  embrace  the  following  tests  : 

Cold  water  test. 

Boiling  test. 
Neat- 
Tensile  sti  ength,    1  day. 

Tensile  strength,    7  days. 

Tensile  strength,  28  days. 
Sand  (3  to  1)— 

Tensile  strength,    7  days. 

Tensile  strength,  28  days. 

Initial  setting. 

Pinal  setting. 

Fineness  on  100-mesh  sieve. 

The  ending  of  this  certificate  should  be  worded  as 
follows : 

The  Company  does  herewith  cer- 
tify that  the  cement  shipped  to  by 

I  steamer  \  this  date  to   tests  as 

per  above,  and  that  if  cement  of  this  shipment  is 
tested  in  manner  prescribed  below  it  shall  show  up 
an  equally  satisfactory  test. 

(Signed)  N,  N Co. 

Per  N.  N ,  Supt. 

If  such  rules  and  regulations  are  observed,  such 
distressing — not  to  say  revolting — exhibitions  of  con- 
crete work  that  have  lately  been  made  with  the  use 
of  several  new  brands  of  domestic  Portland  cement 
"superior  to  any  imported  brand"  (of  course)  and 
"  the  standard  of  excellence,"  etc.,  would  never  have 
occurred. 

Addenda. — The  following  "don'ts"  may  be  of  in- 
terest to  such  testers  or  manufacturers  who  think 
they  are  not  too  old  to  learn  something  new  : 

Don't  use  any  but  pure,  clean  water  in  making 
pats  or  briquettes. 

Don't  use  a  water  below  -4-  65°  F.  or  above  +  75° 
F.  for  mixing. 

Don't  do  your  testing  in  a  "sweat  box."  Try  to 
keep,  if  possible,  a  normal  temperature  of  about 
+  70°  F.     If  not,  give  due  allowances. 

Don't,  when  testing  quick  setting  cements,  stop  to 
light  your  pipe,  look  for  a  chew  of  tobacco,  or  go  to 
sleep.    A  moment's  suspension  in  your  labor,  and  you 


may  have  the  "  pleasure"  of  doing  it  all  over  again. 

Don't  try  to  work  a  dough  after  initial  setting  has 
once  commenced. 

Don't  use  but  one  and  the  same  method  in  testing 
various  brands  of  cements  for  comparison. 

Don't,  when  you  advertise  or  favor  a  special  brand, 
hold  up  as  a  club  for  comparison  your  own  up-to- 
date  test  of  the  favored  brand  with  your  dead  ances- 
tor's test  of  the  non-favored  brand  ;  and  last,  but 
not  least, 

Don't  think  you  alone  are  wise,  or,  as  the  old 
Romans  used  to  say,  "Abusus  non  tollit  usum," 
which  in  very  free,  good,  old  English  may  be  trans- 
lated as  follows  :  Your  abusing  me  is  not  an  argu- 
ment against  the  truth  of  what  I  have  said." 


Errata. — In  chapter  No.  2  of  this  paper,  which 
was  published  in  the  issue  of  October  10th,  in  the 
table  on  page  237,  the  tensile  strength  of  the  Dragon 
brand  at  two  months  should  have  read  464  pounds 
instead  of  7C4,  as  published. 


Electricity  vs.  the  Mule. 

Mule  haulage  is  to  be  replaced  by  electric  traction 
on  the  De  Beers  diamond  mines,  at  Kimberly,  South 
Africa.  The  locomotives  are  of  the  Westinghouse 
Manufacturing  Co.  and  have  four  wheels,  each  pair 
driven  by  a  motor  of  10  H.  P.  capacity  at  a  con- 
servative rating.  They  can  thus  develop  a  full  load 
drawbar  pull  of  about  900  pounds,  running  at  from  6 
to  10  miles  per  hour  on  the  level.  The  most  interest- 
ing feature  of  these  tractors  is  that,  the  gauge  being 
very  narrow,  18  inches,  the  motors  have  to  be 
mounted  clear  of  the  wheels.  The  motor  pinion 
meshes  in  the  ordinary  way  with  an  additional  inter- 
mediate gear-wheel.  The  journals  of  the  shaft  car- 
rying this  gear-wheel  run  in  boxes  working  in  pedes- 
tals over  the  main  journal  boxes  of  the  locomotives, 
and  rigidly  connected  to  them.  Thus  the  locomotive 
frame,  which  is  supported  on  springs  in  the  usual 
manner,  is  free  to  rise  and  fall  on  the  axles  without 
disengaging  the  gears.  The  motors  are  hung  on  the 
shafts  of  the  intermediate  gear  as  if  these  were  the 
ordinary  wheel  axles,  and  the  usual  "nose"  suspen- 
sion is  employed. 


Some  Observed  Electrical  Phenomena. 


The  Overstrom  Concentrator. 


From  midnight  to  morning  electricity  decreases. 

From  morning  to  early  noon  electricity  increases. 

From  noon  to  early  evening  decreases. 

From  evening  to  early  midnight  increases. 

Electricity  decreases  from  winter  months  to  May 
or  June,  and  then  again  increases  until  the  winter 
months  are  reached  again. 

In  the  earth  the  electricity  is  generally  negative, 

In  the  clouds  the  electricity  is  generally  positive, 
but  can  be  negative. 

In  clear  weather  the  electricity  is  generally  posi- 
tive. 

In  foggy  weather  the  electricity  is  generally  posi- 
tive. 

In  wet  weather  the  electricity  is  generally  positive, 
but  can  be  negative. 

During  snow  storm  the  electricity  is  generally 
positive. 

During  thunder  storm  the  electricity  is  generally 
negative. 

The  Overstrom  Concentrator. 


The  Overstrom  concentrator  has  been  redesigned, 
and  No.  3  is  now  on  the  market.  In  the  new  machine 
all  of  the  good  features  have  been  retained,  and  the 
improvements  adopted  embody  many  new  and  im- 
portant ones.  The  table  is  built  of  steel  and  iron 
throughout,  with  the  exception  of  the  top.  It  has 
a  new  head  motion,  which,  it  is  claimed,  advances  the 
mineral  particles  more  rapidly  than  before.  Rocking 
arms  have  been  provided  to  impart  a  reciprocating 
motion.  The  table  top  rests  on  four  long  rollers, 
which  extend  the  whole  width  of  the  table,  giving 
over  24  feet  of  bearing  surface,  and  it  is  said  by  the 
manufacturers  that  no  lubrication  is  required,  and 
that  the  rollers  cannot  wear  flat.  The  riffles  on  this 
No.  3  table  have  a  double  taper,  a  feature  which,  it  is 
claimed,  is  a  decided  advance  in  table  concentration. 
The  machine  is  made  by  Allis-Chalmers  Co.  of  Chi- 
cago, 111. ,  and  is  illustrated  in  the  accompanying  en- 
graving. The  pulp  is  fed  along  one  end  by  a  short 
box,  the  water  feed  occupying  the  remainder  of  the 
upper  edge  of  the  table.  The  makers  state  that  the 
adjustment  and  mechanical  action  of  the  table  is  such 
that  the  waste  water  and  the  gangue  pass  off  of  the 
table  on  the  side  opposite  the  feed,  the  concentrated 
mineral  passing  over  the  end  of  the  machine  into  a 
pointed  box,  from  which  it  drops  into  a  box  or  other 
receptacle  for  sacking  or  other  further  treatment. 
Catalogue  No.  12,  the  Overstrom  concentrator,  fully 
describes  the  machine  and  its  working  results. 


The  executive  committee  of  the  California  Miners' 
Association  will  meet  at  the  Union  League  Club,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  on  the  19th  inst.,  to  fix  the  date  of 
the  1903  convention,  and  outline  future  work  and  pol- 
icy of  the  association. 


257 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


P < 

J  Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 

b - a 


PATENTS  ISSUED  OCTOBER  6,  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  for  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Carriage  for  Ladles  Used  for  Carrying  and 
Tipping  Blast  Furnace  Slag — No.  740.405;  J.  H. 
Dewhurst.  Sheffield.  England. 


In  combination,  in  carriage  for  ladles  having  double 
or  twin  trunnions,  pedestal  bearing  for  trunnions  com- 
prising hollow  bearing  bracket,  one  for  each  side  of 
ladle,  three'  rotary  disks  arranged  in  each  bracket 
with  spindles  resting  in  bearings  in  each  side  of  hol- 
low bracket,  center  roller  being  made  of  less  diameter 
than  two  outer  rollers. 


Boasting  Furnace. — No.  740,589;    C.   H.    Bepath 
and  F.  E.  Marcy,  Anaconda,  Mont. 


In  furnace  having  plurality  of  vertically  disposed 
hearths,  peripheral  chambers  establishing  communi- 
cation between  several  hearths,  central  vertical  stir- 
ring shaft  in  hearths,  series  stirring  arms  radiating 
from  shaft  and  extending  into  several  hearths,  spouts 
or  chutes  leading  from  and  extending  suitable  dis- 
tance beyond  margins  of  alternate  series  of  hearths 
to  series  immediately  beneath  for  permitting  descent 
of  material,  yet  excluding  gases,  and  special  rakes 
carried  by  stirring  arms  for  removing  material  deliv- 
ered through  spouts. 


Furnace  for  Calcining  Quicksilver  Ores.- 
740,539;  J.  M.  Cutler,  Ukiah,  Cal. 


-No. 


Combination  in  ore  calcining  furnace,  of  rotatable 
hollow  cylinder,  inner  hollow  cylinder  concentrically 
arranged  within  first  mentioned  hollow  cylinder,  ore 
bin  at  one  end  of  furnace  opening  into  outer  cylinder, 
fire  box  at  opposite  end  of  furnace  communicating 
with  inner   cylinder,    smokestack    connecting    with 


inner  hollow  cylinder  and  extending  upward  through 
ore  bin,  hot  air  pipe  within  smokestack  communicat- 
ing with  interior  of  outer  cylinder,  and  fume  escape 
pipe  at  opposite  end  of  furnace  communicating  with 
interior  of  outer  cylinder. 


Furnace. — No.  740,528;  H.  B.  Cary,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 


Furnace  furnished  with  primary  combustion  cham- 
ber, contracted  outlet  leading  therefrom,  secondary 
combustion  chamber  forming  abrupt  expansion  of 
outlet,  contracted  outlet  from  secondary  combustion 
chamber  at  top  of  same,  tertiary  combustion  cham- 
ber forming  abrupt  expansion  of  outlet  from  secon- 
dary combustion  chamber,  and  contracted  outlet 
leading  from  tertiary  combustion  chamber  walls  of 
tertiary  combustion  chamber  being  returned  inward 
toward  outlet  therefrom. 


Furnace. — No.  740,669;  J.  MacCormack,  Bayonne, 


N.  J. 


In  furnace,  combination  with  automatic  stoker 
having  fuel  magazine  and  air  chamber  partially  sur- 
rounding magazine,  of  triangular  bracket  secured  to 
side  of  air  chamber,  inclined  bank  of  rectangular 
grate  bars  on  each  side  of  fuel  magazine,  each  bank 
of  grate  bars  resting  pivotally  and  loosely  with  ver- 
tical members  in  sockets  on  one  side  of  bracket,  an 
arm  on  each  grate  bar,  connections  between  arms 
and  cam  for  simultaneously  rocking  grate  bars  of 
each  set. 


Coal  or  Bock  Drill. - 
Peoria,  111. 


-No.   740,720;    I.    Wantling, 


Drilling  machine,  comprising  suitable  uprights, 
boxing  of  two  hinged  sections  together  forming  feed 
nut.  support  for  boxing  vertically  adjustable  on  up- 
rights having  upwardly  and  downwardly  disposed 
sustaining  points,  means  for  supporting  boxing  be- 
tween sustaining  points  of  support. 


Pulverizing  Apparatus. 
Koneman,  Chicago.  111. 


-No.    740,764;   TV.  A. 


In  pulverizing  machine,  combination  with  station- 
ary base,  rotary  crushing  bed  and  crushing  roller 
above  crushing  bed  having  outwardly  extending 
shaft,  of  journal  box  in  which  shaft  is  mounted  to  ro- 
tate, provided  on  opposite  sides  with  trunnions,  jour- 
nal box  support  having  bearings  for  trunnions,  jack- 
screw  on  which  support  is  mounted  working  through 
nut  on  base,  spring  bearing  on  support,  removable 
and  replaceable  spring  bearing  on  under  side  of  jour 
nal  box  projecting  beyond  outer  end  thereof,  spring 
confined  between  spring  bearings,  and  stop  on  sup- 
port beneath  inner  end  of  journal  box. 


Beverberatory  Heating  Furnace.- 
S.  Uren,  Sacramento,  Cal. 


-No.  740,786; 


Combination  in  furnace  of  inclosed  heating  chamber 
having  vertical  sides  and  ends,  discharge  passage 
leading  from  one  end  at  floor  level  and  inclining 
downwardly  therefrom,  floor  being  also  inclined  from 
opposite  end  toward  discharge  flue,  burner  inlet 
passage  located  in  end  wall  in  line  above  discharge 
flue  and  near  top  of  chamber,  burner  being  directed 
to  discharge  hydrocarbon  fuel  agamst  opposite  end 
of  chamber  from  which  it  is  deflected  and  returned 
along  floor  to  discharge  flue. 


Bock  Deill.- 
cisco.  Cal. 


-No.  740,800;   W.  Brady,  San  Fran- 


"S 


Combination  in  apparatus  for  striking  blows  of  cyl- 
inders fixed  axially  in  line  and  having  intermediate 
space,  pistons  movable  in  cylinders,  -  piston  rod  com- 
mon to  both  pistons  and  extending  through  end  of 
one  of  cylinders,  tool-carrying  head  fixed  to  piston 
rod,  inlet  and  exhaust  valves  connected  with  rear 
ends  of  each  cylinder,  means  for  advancing  apparatus 
to  follow  work,  and  cushion  spring  19  surrounding 
piston  rod  and  located  between  two  cylinders,  spring 
having  one  end  abutting  against  rear  of  cylinder  and 
having  opposite  end  lying  within  open  end  of  other 
cylinder,  and  collar  or  disk  on  rod  in  front  of  piston 
of  last-named  cylinder  adapted  to  strike  spring,  the 
spring  serving  to  check  momentum  of  parts. 


October  17,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


25H 


Mining  Summary, 

spbcialll    compiled   am-  bbportkd  rob  thb 
Hiking  ami  s<  ebntztic  Press, 


ALABAMA. 

Birmingham  report*  Bay  .that  12,000 
coal  miners  in  Alabama  have  bad  their 
wages  reduced,  the  cut  having  become 
effective  <vt.  1st.  Those  of  the  Tennessee 
Coal.  Inm  o*  Railroad  Co.  have  been  low- 
ered to  52.1  ami  those  in  the  employ  of  the 
gloss-Sheffield  Co.  to  55  cents.  This  is 
brought  about  by  the  drop  in  the  aver- 
age price  received  for  pi;;  iron  by  the  two 
companies  last  month,  says  the  News. 

ALASKA. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Alaska-Tread- 
well   G.   M.  Co.,   operating   on    Douglas 

Island,   for  year  ended  May  30,  has  I n 

issued,  showing  total  development  work 
amounting  to  6145  feet,  including  2158  feet 
of  drifts,  292  feet  crosscuts,  1979  feet 
raises.  896  feet  intermediate  drifts.  349 
feet  stations  and  113  feet  shaft  sinking. 
The  principal  parts  of  this  development 
were:  Connection  of  the  220-foot  level 
with  No.  5  open  pit;  the  continuation  of 
the  330-foot  level,  and  on  the  600-foot 
level  eoniioetioii  was  made  with  the  lowest 
(or  700-foot  level)  of  the  Alaska  United 
Mining  Co.  Average  value  of  ore  from 
this  level  has  increased.  Gold  bullion 
from  mill  during-  year  amounted  to  $785,- 
515,  or  $1.04  per  ton:  from  concentrates, 
$813,448,  or  $1,075  per  ton  of  ore.  Expen- 
ditures amounted  to  $973,493,  or  $1,285 
per  ton,  divided  as  follows:  Mining,  HO 
cents;  milling,  10  cents;  concentrates,  15 
cents;  other  expenses,  including  office, 
new  construction,  etc.,  7.5  cents.  This 
company  owns  two  mills.  In  the  old  mill 
of  240  stamps,  which  is  run  part  of  time 
by  water  and  part  by  steam  power,  opera- 
tions were  carried  on  for  350  days  3 
hours  during  the  year,  steam  being  used 
215  days  13  hours  and  water  for  141 
days.  The  total  ore  crushed  in  this  mill 
was  409,765  tons;  an  average  of  4.80  tons 
per  stamp  per  day.  Steam  was  used  for 
unusual  length  of  time,  owing  to  very  dry 
season.  The  new  mill  of  300  stamps  uses 
water  power  only,  and  ran  200  days  13 
hours  during  the  year.  The  total  ore 
crushed  was  346,500  tons,  average  duty 
being  5.75  tons  per  stamp  per  day.  Time 
was  restricted  for  same  cause  — scarcity 
of  water.  The  total  tonnage  of  ore  taken 
out  was  759,625,  and  total  passed  through 
the  mills  was  756,325  tons.  During  the 
year  there  was  an  average  of  thirty-three 
machine  drills  at  work  in  the  mine,  seven 
being  on  development,  four  on  cutting 
out,  7.5  in  pits  and  14.5  in  underground 
stoping.  Total  number  of  feet  of  holes 
drilled  in  the  mine  was  783,360,  and  num- 
ber of  tons  of  ore  broken  was  906,625, 
making  an  average  of  1}  ton  ore  broken 
for  every  foot  of  hole  drills.  The  average 
work  on  one  machine  per  10-hour  shift 
was  34.4  feet  of  holes.  During  the  year 
3700  samples  were  taken  from  the  mine 
on  different  levels  and  assayed,  average 
value  being  $2,086  per  ton.  The  foundry 
produced  459,808  pounds  of  iron  casting's 
and  15,738  pounds  brass  castings.  The 
machine  shop,  in  addition  to  repair  work, 
made  22  mine  ears,  8  mill  cars  and  4  skips 
for  the  mine.  A  wing-dam  600  feet  in 
length  was  put  in  to  keep  the  tailings  in 
place.  The  locomotives  used  in  delivering 
ore  to  stamp  mills  have  been  discarded 
and  a  rope  system  adopted.  The  cars  are 
run  down  to  the  mills  by  gravity,  while 
hoisting  engines  have  been  placed'  at  the 
crushers  to  pull  the  empty  cars  back  by 
wire  cable.  This  system  has  worked  sat- 
isfactorily. Skilled  labor  was  scarce  dur- 
ing the  year,  and  wages  paid  machine 
drillers  in  the  open  pit  were  increased  to 
$3.50  per  day,  with  board  and  lodging. 
Wages  paid  to  machine  drillers  under- 
ground were  $2.50,  with  board  and  lodg- 
ing, the  difference  being  due  to  the  extra 
danger  to  those  working  in  the  open  cut. 

J.  H.  Hunter  of  Portland,  Or.,  for  $60,- 
000,  has  bonded  a  group  of  claims  at  Yan- 
kee Cove,  above  Juneau.  The  ledge  is  8 
feet  wide.  He  will  put  in  milling  machin- 
ery, and  will  let  the  contract  for  driving 

a  tunnel. W.  J.  Southerland,  owner  of 

the  Alaska  Perseverance  and  Greek  Boy 
mines,  near  Juneau,  says  he  is  arranging 
to  build  a  200-stamp  mill  on  the  Alaska 
Perseverance,  and  a  40-stamp  mill  on  the 
Greek  Boy  mine.  Both  mills  are  to  be  in 
operation  by  next  summer.  The  develop- 
ment includes  a  3500-foot  tunnel,  driven 
into  the  mountain  1400  feet  below  the  sur- 
face of  the  ledge. 

Tin  deposits  in  the  Lost  River  and  Cape 
Prince  of  Wales  districts  are  reported  by 
A.  J.  Collier,  of  the  United  States  Geolog- 
ical Survey.  The  find  was  made  by  Randt 
&  Grim. 

S.  I.  Silverman,  of  Prince  of  Wales 
island,  west  of  Ketchikan,  says  there  are 
several  companies  engaged  in  developing 


copper  and  gold  mines  on  that  island,  in- 
eluding:  The  Silverman  -Alaska  Co.,  of 
New  Jersey;  the  Brown-Alaska  Co.,  the 
New  York-Alaska  Co..  and  the  Alaska  s.  & 
B.  Co.,  all  Washington  corporations,  with 
principal  places  of  business  in  Seattle  and 
head  Offices  in  New  York  City. 

Copper  properties  and  gold  mines  are 
being  developed  by  the  Silverman  and 
the  Brown  companies.  The  New  STork 
Co.  is  organized  to  engage  mainly  in  lum- 
bering and  the  transportation  business 
and  owns  large  bodies  of  timber.  The 
smelting  company  is  building  a  plant, 
under  Superintendent   P.  Johnson.    Tho 

- Iter  is  expected  to  be  completed  March 

I.  1H04,  and  will  have  a  capacity  or  500 
tons  daily,  to  start  with,  which  will  later 
be  doubled.  J.  L.  Freeburn.  formerly  of 
Spokane.  Wash.,  associated  with  C.  D. 
Lane,  of  Nome,  and  J.  H.  Conrad,  of 
Great  Falls.  Mont.,  is  developing  a  gold 
property  near  the  Silverman  smelter. 
They  have  40  feet  of  $20  ore  and  are  down 
■">o  feet.  The  property  is  within  coo  feet 
of  tide  water.  Another  Lane  property  on 
the  island  is  the  Crackerjack.  They  have 
tapped  the  vein  at  depth  of  350  feet  with 
a  crosscut  tunnel  000  feet  in  length. 

The  Alaska-Treadwell  G.  M.  Co.  re- 
ports for  month  of  August  that  the  240- 
stamp  mill  ran  30)  days;  300-stamp  mill 
ran  211  days,  crushing  81,183  tons  ore. 
Estimated  realizable  value  of  bullion,  $91.- 
17(1.  Saved  1636  tons  sulphurets;  esti- 
mated realizable  value  of  same,  $112,273. 
Working  expenses  for  month,  $84,897. 

The  United  States  Geological  Survey 
will  have  parties  next  year  investigating 
the  mining  resources  of  southeastern 
Alaska,  the  formation  in  the  Yukon  coun- 
try and  the  oil  deposits  in  Alaska.  If  the 
appropriation  is  sufficient,  parties  will 
continue  the  study  of  the  geology  of  the 
Nome  district  and  will  investigate  the  coal 
supply. 

ARIZONA. 

Cochise  County. 

East  of  Tombstone  in  the  Dragoon 
mountains  the  reduction  plant  of  the  Black 
Diamond  C.  Co.  is  in  operation.  The 
smelter  is  of  200-ton  capacity.  The  com- 
pany has  begun  shipments  of  copper  bul- 
lion. There  are  150  men  at  work.  A  pipe 
line  has  been  completed  from  the  Com- 
monwealth mine  at  Pearce,  from  which 
source  45,000  gallons  per  day  are  obtained, 
this  being  sufficient  to  supply  the  smelter 
at  present  capacity. 

The  Consolidated  M.  Co.  at  Tombstone 
is  shipping-  ten  to  fifteen  carloads  a  week. 
An  average  of  one  carload  a  day  is  being 
shipped  from  the  main  shaft,  while  the 
Silver  Thread,  Tranquility  and  the  Comet 
contribute  the  balance,  says  the  Tomb- 
stone Prospector.  The  station  on  the  700- 
foot  level  is  being  cut,  and  Superintendent 
Walker  expects  to  have  this  station  com- 
plete, and  the  two  pumps  originally  in- 
tended for  the  800-foot  and  1000-foot  levels 
set  up  by  December  1.  Most  of  the  ore 
that  is  being  taken  from  the  shaft  comes 
from  the  third  and  fourth  levels,  while  a 
winze  on  the  600-foot  level  also  contributes. 
Th.>  ore  bins  have  been  completed.  At  the 
Comet  the  number  of  men  has  been  in- 
creased, and  the  300-foot  level  is  being 
cleaned  up  and  a  new  track  put  in  prepar- 
atory  to  stoping  ore.  It  is  the  intention 
of  the  company  to  build  a  narrow-gauge 
road  from  the  siding  at  Schusters  to  the 
Comet  and  a  branch  to  Emerald.  The 
Comet  ore  carries  considerable  manga- 
nese, and  is  in  demand  by  the  smelters  for 
fluxing-,  says  Walker.  At  the  Emerald 
they  have  reached  the  400-foot  level  and 
are  repairing  the  shaft.  The  company 
expects  to  start  up  the  west  side  this 
month.  The  pumps  in  the  main  shaft  are 
handling  2,360,000  gallons  of  water  daily. 

The  Calumet  &  z\rizona  mine,  near  Bis- 
bee,  produced  2,535,800  pounds  of  blister 
copper  during  the  month  of  September. 

Maricopa  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  The  La 
Gloria  M.  Co.,  operating  in  the  White 
Tank  mountains,  have  completed  a  wagon 
road  from  their  property  to  Beardsley,  on 
the  Santa  Fe,  Prescott  &  Phoenix  Rail- 
road, a  distance  of  12  miles.  One  carload 
of  ore  has  been  shipped  and  two  more  ore 
teams  will  be  put  on. 

C.  Rampf,  at   his   gold  claims  on    Lime 

creek,   is    doing    development    work. 

Fleming  Bros.,  in  Cave  Creek  district, 
north  of  Phoenix,  have  opened  up  a  ledge 
6  feet  wide,  showing  ore  that  carries  15,% 
copper  and  $25  in  gold. 

The  Michigan  G.  M.  Co.,  who  have 
been  dry  placering  (with  power  machines 
operated  by  gasoline  engines)  near  the 
Santo  Domingo  mine,  near  Morristown, 
have  suspended  operations  indefinitely. 
This,  company  bought  the  machines  that 
were  formerly  used  by  the  Maricopa  G. 
M.  Co. 

Phcenix,  Oct.  5. 

F.  X.  O'Brien,  manager  of  the  Interior 
M.  &  T.  Co.  mines,  near  Wickenburg, 
has  forty  men  at  work  and  two  shafts  are 
being  sunk.    Preparations  are  being  made 


for  the  operation  of  the  10-stamp  mill. 
More  stamps  will  be  added. 

F.  X.  O'Brien,  manager  of  the  Interior 

M.  &  T.  Co.,  near  Wickenburg,  has  forty 

men    at    work    and    two    shafts   are  being 

sunk  for  the  operation  of  a  10-stamp  mill. 

Miiha*  e  County. 

i  (Derations  on  the  De  la  Fountaine  mine 
at  Stockton  Hill,  near  Cerbat,  are  sus- 
pended temporarily,  and  it  is  proposed  to 
put  in  a  hoisting  plant  and  other  machin- 
ery. The  main  shaft  is  down  327  feel. 
IMnal    County. 

The  Golden  Quiver  group  of  mines,  in 
Mineral  Hill  mining  district.  Hi  miles 
northeast  of  Florence,  lias  been  sold  to  C. 
G.  Werner  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  There  has 
been  1000  feet  of  work  doue.  Work  will 
be  started  next  week,  and  later  a  reduc- 
tion plant  will  be  built. 

Yavapai  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Whip- 
saw  mine  will  resume  operations  this  week. 
A  gasoline  hoist  will  be  put  in  and  the 
other  machinery  repaired. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Crown  Point 
stamp  mill  will  be  put  into  operation  next 
week-.  Men  will  be  put  to  work  on  the 
road  to  the  Crown  Point  mine  from  Wick- 
enburg.  The  Kingston  M.  Co.  is  pre- 
paring to  resume. 

Prescott,  Oct.  12. 

At  the  Poland  mine,  at  Poland,  more 
men  have  been  put  on  the  tunnel 
and  two  shifts  are  at  work  on  a  drift  off 
the  tunnel,  says  Superintendent  Martin. 
In  the  main  tunnel,  in  4000  feet,  oper- 
ations are  retarded  by  the  heavy  flow  of 
water  from  overhead. 

ARKANSAS. 

Boone  County. 

Reports  from  the  Anna  mine,  3  miles 
east  of  Harrison,  say  the  eight  miners  at 
work  are  taking  out  jack. 

Marion  County. 

The  Arkansas  Dev.  Co.  of  Yellville  was 
incorporated  last  week,  with  J.  M.  Clokey, 
H.  Wells,  R.  J.  Williams  and  R.  W.  Hess 
as  officers. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador  County. 

The  cyanide  plant  for  treatment  of 
the  accumulated  sand  and  tailings 
at  the  Sand  Pile  mine,  near  Forest 
Home,  is  nearing  completion,  says  the 
Amador  Ledger.  These  tailings  are  from 
the  Plymouth  mills.  The  plant  consists 
of  six  tanks,  each  with  a  capacity  of  240 
tons,  and  it  is  expected  to  discharge  one 
tank  each  day.  The  contract  for  the  de- 
livery of  240  tons  per  day  of  sand  to  the 
cars  has  been  awarded  at  10  cents  per  ton. 
The  tailings  are  said  to  carry  $1  per  ton 
in  gold.  The  plant  will  keep  twenty  men 
at  work. 

Calaveras  County. 

At  the  Bluejay  quartz  mine,  on  the 
Calaveras  river,  near  Jesus  Maria,  3  miles 
east  of  Mokelumne  Hill,  the  Fanny  Marie 
M.  &  M.  Co.  has  built  a  pole  line  from  the 
Standard  Electric  Co.'s  main  line,  and  put 
in  an  air  compressor,  with  motors  for 
power  drills,  fans,  etc.  They  are  running 
the  double  track  crosscut  tunnel  1200  feet 
to  strike  the  lead,  which  will  be  at  a  point 
700  feet  from  surface.  The  tunnel  is  in 
700  feet,  says  Manager  F.  P.  Cortmarsh. 
Cortmarsh  &  Gnecco  are  owners  of  the 
north  extension  of  the  Bluejay  and  are 
developing  the  lead.  Open  cuts  have 
shown  a  7-foot  vein  that  prospects  in  free 
gold. 

Work  has  started  again  on  the  Gold 
Hill  Con.  gravel  mine,  near  Mokelumne 
Hill. 

The  Petticoat  Con.  group  at  Railroad 
Flat,  consisting  of  ten  locations,  have  been 
bonded  by  J.  L.  Green.  He  says  he  will 
sink  a  three-compartment  shaft,  1000  feet 
on  the  north  end  of  the  Petticoat  lode, 
and  a  500-foot  shaft  at  north  end  of  After- 
thought ground,  and  run  a  crosscut  tun- 
nel from  Spruce  gulch,  1000  feet,  that  will 
cut  all  the  veins  350  feet  from  surface. 
An  air  compressor  will  be  put  in  at 
Spruce  gulch,  where  water  can  he  had 
from  the  Calaveras  Dev.  Co.  canal  under 
550  feet  pressure  to  obtain  power  for 
hoists,  mill  and  drills. 

El  Dorado  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Gentle 
Annie  mine,  owned  and  operated  by  the 
River  Hill  M.  &  M.  Co.,  is  preparing  to 
sink  from  the  drainage  tunnel  level  (735- 
foot)  to  the  1000-foot  point.  There  are 
forty  men  at  work  and  twenty  stamps  are 
dropping  full  time  on  ore  which  runs  3°-n 
sulphides.  They  are  working  two  paral- 
lel veins.      The  Clay  Hill  mine  at  Placer- 

ville   is   being  developed.  The    Fisk, 

owned  and  operated  by  J.  H.  Skinner, 
has  a  5-stamp  mill  running-  one  shift. 

In  excavating  for  the  abutment  of  a 
bridge  across  the  creek  in  town  last  week 
a  piece  of  bedrock   was  uncovered  that 


had  never  been  worked,   and    $50    in    gold 
was  taken  out.      Placerville  is  improving 
in  a  business  way.   both  from  mining  and 
lumber  interests. 
Placerville,  Oct.  14. 

Fresno  County. 

The  Union  Oil  Co.  at  Coalings  is  down 
250  feet  on  No.  2  and  are  getting  ready  to 
drill  No.  3  well.    TheirUease  calls  for  five 

wells. The  Southern   Pacific  Railroad 

Co.  lias  teams  and  men  at  work  on  their 
pipeline,  which  when  completed  will  tap 
the  entire  west  side  Held  in  Coalings  dis- 
trict. 

Inyo    Count>. 

The  Gold  Crown  M.  Co.,  operating  near 
Ballarat,  is  preparing  to  put  up  a  quartz 
mill. 

Kern    County. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Saturday, 
the  loth  inst.,  was  the  first  pay  day  of  the 
Yellow  Aster  M.  Co.  at  Randsburg  since 
the  strike.  There  are  but  few  of  the  for- 
mer employes  and  strikers  left  in  town. 
Superintendent  Barton  has  130  stamps 
dropping  in  their  two  mills,  crushing  500 
tons  of  ore  per  day.  There  are  200'men 
on  the  payroll,  and  more  are  being  added. 

Atkinson  Bros,  have  their  3-stamp  mill 
in  steady  operation. 

The  Pinmore  mine  and  mill  at  Johan- 
nesburg are  in  operation,  under  lease  to 
W.  F.  Ernst  &  Nelson,  on  a  royalty  basis. 

Randsburg,  October  14. 

(Special  Correspondence). — At  the  Ex- 
posed Treasure  mine,  5  miles  southeast  of 
Mojave,  Manager  C.  de  Kalb  says  they 
propose  to  add  thirty  stamps  to  their  20- 
stamp  mill. The  Karma  M.  Co.  at  Mo- 
jave has  bought  a  second-hand  10-stamp 
mill  and  will  add  to  it  ten  stamps  more. 
J.  R.  Gerner  is  president  and  superintend- 
ent. 

The  Echo  M.  Co.  at  Mojave  propose  to 
add  a  centrifugal  or  a  rotary  mill  to  its 
10-stamp  mill.  Superintendent  J.  Keith 
reports  opening  a  rich  shoot  in  the  mine 
carrying  horn  silver  and  black  sulphide  of 
silver.  G.  H.  Hooper  is  president  and 
manager. 

Mojave,  October  12. 

Dividend  No.  51  ($10,000)  of  the  Y'ellow 
Aster  M.  &  M.  Co.,  Randsburg,  makes  a 
total  to  date  of  $543,789. 

The  Rayo  M.  Co.,  operating  in  Pioneer 
district,  near  Randsburg,  is  putting  up  a 
hoisting  plant,  stamp  mill  and  concentra- 
tor at  its  White  Star  mine.  Superintend- 
ent J.  H.  Parker  expects  to  have  the 
stamps  dropping  by  December  1st. 

The  oil  well  which  is  being  drilled  near 
Hiawatha  is  down  1280  feet.  Gas  is  re- 
ported coming  from  the  well  and  there  is 
oil  showing  on  the  water. 

The  coal  company  at  Garlock  is  prepar- 
ing to  prospect  its  ground  with  diamond 
drills. 

Nevada  County. 

Bourn  &  Co.,  who  have  bought  the 
North  Bloomfield  Hydraulic  Co.'s  mining 
and  water  properties,  will  begin  drifting- 
operations  at  the  Malakoff  gravel  mine, 
near  North  Bloomfield,  next  week,  says 
R.  A.  Thomas  of  Birchville,  superintend- 
ent. 

In  Boston  ravine,  in  southern  part  of 
Grass  Valley,  several  men  are  at  work 
with  primitive  rockers  on  the  banks  of 
the  creek  washing  out  gold.  A  piece  of 
ground  has  been  struck  not  touched  by 
early-day  miners,  and,  it  is  reported,  out 
of  two  wheelbarrow  loads  $5  in  gold  was 
washed  out. 

The  3-stamp  mill  at  the  Rose  Hill  mine, 
near  Grass  Valley,  is  in  operation.  Power 
is  furnished  by  a  gasoline  engine. 

The  Phelps  Hill  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated,  with  W.  H.  Martin,  C.  R. 
Quackenbush,  W.  H.  Dunlap,  D.  E.  Mor- 
gan, P.  F.  Simonds,  W.  P.  Ketcham  and 

C.  A.  Poage  as  directors,  the  last  named 
being  general  manager,  with  headquarters 
at  Nevada  City.  The  directors  met  and 
elected  W.  P.  Ketcham  president,  C.  A. 
Poage  vice-president,  C.  R.  Quackenbush 
secretary  and  treasurer.  Mr,  Quacken- 
bush, who  is  from  Chicago,  will  remain 
here  and  care  for  Mr.  Ketcham 's  interests. 

The  Old  Home  Con.  M.  Co.  's  property, 
in  Blue  Tent  district,  near  Nevada  City, 
was  sold  by  the  sheriff  last  week  on  de- 
cree of  foreclosure,  being  bid  in  by  F. 
Schnittger. 

Work  is  under  way  at  El  Oro  mine, 
near  Maybert  (formerly  the  Yuba  mine). 
Lumber  and  supplies  are  on  the  ground 
and  machinery  will  be  taken  in,  says  Su- 
perintendent J.  L.  Bryson. 

The  Irish-American,  quartz  mine,  em- 
bracing a  number  of  claims,  among  them 
being  the  claims  of  the  Grass  Valley-Car- 
son City  Co.,  the  Vulcan,  Venus  and  the 
Central  M.  Co.'s  properties — a  surface 
area  of  sixty   acres — have  been  sold  to  J. 

D.  Hague,  president  of  the  North  Star  M. 
Co.  at  Grass  Valley',  for  $17,000.  The 
property  is  between  the  North  Star  and 
Central  Shaft  mines. 

San  Bernardino  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Roose- 
velt  M.    &   M.   Co.   at  Camp  Rochester  is 


259 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


preparing-  to  put  in  a  10-stamp  mill,  which 
is  expected  to  be  in  operation  by  Decern^ 
ber  1st.     C.  R.  Emery  is  superintendent. 

The  B.   E.   Chase  G.  M.  Co.,  E.  H. 

Stags,    manager,    intends   to   build   a  10- 
stamp   mill  and   a  cyanide  plant    at   its 
mines  at  Camp  Rochester. 
Camp  Rochester,  October  13. 

Shasta  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Moun- 
tain C.  Co.  at  Keswick  has  four  furnaces 
in  blast  and  three  converters.  The  out- 
put is  being  increased  and  more  men  put 
to  work.  There  are  over  1500  men  now 
on  the  payroll. 

Keswick,  Oct.  13. 

The  Bully  Hill  C.  Co.  at  De  Lamar  is 
building  a  concentrator  between  the  mine 
and  the  smelter,  to  handle  its  low  grade 
ore.  Work  is  progressing  on  the  new  fur- 
nace. 

Sierra  County. 

D.  P.  Meiklejohn,  operating  cyanide 
works  at  the  Young  America  mine,  near 
Sierra  City,  has  closed  down  for  the  win- 
ter, but  will  resume  next  spring,  says  the 
Mountain  Messenger. 

Siskiyou  County. 

Jillson  &  Co.  expect  to  start  up  work  on 
their  gold-bearing  quartz  ledge,  near  Hen- 
ley, next  week.  They  shut  down  in  Au- 
gust on  account  of  a  strike  at  the  Glad- 
stone mine  in  Shasta  county,   which  they 

also  own. 

Solano  County. 

Manager  Tregidgo  of  the  St.  John  Con. 
Quicksilver  M.  Co.  reports  work  progress- 
ing on  their  mines  5  miles  from  Vallejo 
and  a  mile  north  of  Vallejo  White  Sul- 
phur Springs.  The  property  covers  712 
acres  of  mineral  rights  on  which  consid- 
erable development  work  was  done  be- 
tween 1873  and  1880.  The  country  rock 
on  the  west  is  metaphoric  sandstone  and 
serpentine,  and  on  the  east  sandstone  and 
blue  talcose  slate,  accompanied  by  a  mag- 
nesian  schist.  Cinnabar  is  found  in  seams 
and  impregnations.  Within  a  distance  of 
2800  feet  eight  shoots  of  ore  have  been 
found  and  worked,  varying  in  length  from 
40  to  80  feet.  The  mine  has  been  devel- 
oped mainly  by  tunnels  and  drifts  which 
give  300  feet  of  backs.  A  shaft  has  been 
sunk  250  feet  below  the  main  adit,  which 
gives  a  depth  from  the  croppings  of  600 
feet.  There  are  two  furnaces  with  12,982 
cubic  feet  of  condensing  space,  and  three 
retorts  with  2500  feet  of  condensing  space. 
Additional  machinery  has  been  put  in  and 
an  improved  oil-burning  furnace  is  being 
built,  also  an  aerial  tramway,  sawmill  and 
electric  lighting  plant.  C.  Bone  is  presi- 
dent. 

Trinity   County. 

The  owners  of  the  Headlight  mine  will 
rebuild  the  cyanide  plant  burned  last  sum- 
mer. It  will  have  100  tons  daily  capacity. 
The  mine  is  on  Trinity  river,  across  from 
Carrville. 

T,  Hancock  of  Chicago,  111.,  has  an 
option  on  a  one-half  interest  in  the  Blake- 
more  placer  mine  of  eighty  acres,  near 
Lewiston.  The  transfer  is  to  be  perfected 
on  fitting  up  of  the  properties  by  the 
grantee  with  reservoirs,  ditches,  giants, 
flumes,  etc.,  work  to  begin  by  Nov.  1. 
The  same  parties  have  sold  to  E.  H. 
Hughes  and  T.  Hancock  of  Chicago  the 
First  Chance,  Copper  King  and  Rattler 
quartz  mines  in  Eastman  Gulch  mining 
district.  A.  J.,  J.  M.  &  C.  Blakemore 
have  appropriated  1000  inches  of  the 
waters  of  Jennings  gulch  to  be  used  on 
the  Blakemore  placer  mines. 

E.  H.  Wakeman  for  Eastern  men  has  a 
bond  to  work  the  Weaver  creek  proper- 
ties, near  Weaverville,  of  the  Junkan 
estate  by  dredging  process. 

Preparations  have  been  made  to  work 
the  Senger  &  Hughes  placer  mine  on 
West  Weaver  creek,  near  Weaverville,  by 
Oakland  men.  E.  F.  Burrill  of  Alameda, 
who  has  a  bond  on  the  property,  has 
formed  a  company,  and  M.  A.  Senger  will 
superintend  the  work.  The  West  Weaver 
water  of  the  La  Grange  Co.  has  been 
leased  and  hydraulic  equipment  is  being 
placed. 

Tuolumne  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  W.  Shar- 
wood,  superintendent  of  the  Soulsby  mine 
at  Soulsbyville,  is  running  a  crosscut  west 
from  the  300  level  of  the  Pennsylvania 
vein  to  intersect  the  west  branch  of  the 
Soulsby  vein.  In  the  early  history  of  the 
mine  this  branch  was  worked  extensively. 
The  crosscut  has  cut  a  large  dike  of  peg- 
matite, which  in  this  district  is  often  an 
accompaniment  of  an  ore  shoot. 

D.  Nagle  has  bonded  the  Con.  Carlotta 
and  Pennsylvania  mines  at  Cherokee  Flat, 
1  mile  north  of  Carters.  The  mine  is  de- 
veloped by  a  vertical  shaft  and  has  pro- 
duced some  rich  ore.  The  vein  is  an  east- 
west  fissure  in  granite,  and  the  ore  heavily 
sulphuretted,  carrying  galena,  blende  anil 
iron  and  copper  sulphides,  beside  pyrrho- 
tite. 

Soulsbyville,  October  12. 

Operations   will   be  started  on  the  mar- 


ble quarry  owned  by  Grant  Bros.,  north- 
east of  the  Columbia  Marble  Co.  's  works, 

near  Columbia. Operations  have  been 

resumed    at    the    Concord    mine    under 
Superintendent  C.  H.  Wilhelm. 

At  the  Mohican  mine,  near  Groveland, 
there  are  thirty  men  on  the  payroll. 
Steam  has  been  installed  in  place  of  dis- 
tillate. The  underground  hoist  and  ma- 
chines will  be  run  by  compressed  air,  says 
Superintendent  Chappellet. 

E.  Lanzone  of  Stockton  has  an  option 
on  the  Electric  and  the  Thunderbolt 
mines  and  millsite,  on  southeast  slope  of 
Mt.  Elizabeth,  10  miles  south  of  Soulsby- 
ville, for  $10,000.  A  stamp  mill  and  other 
machinery  will  be  put  in.  E.  C.  Hahn  of 
Stockton  is  superintendent. 

The  Confidence  mine  at  Confidence,  on 
the  East  belt,  has  been  shut  down  due  to 
a  disagreement  among  the  owners  as  to 
the  advisability  of  reinvesting  some  of  the 
profits  obtained  from  the  mine  in  its  fur- 
ther development,  says  the  Mother  Lode 
Magnet. 

The  Longfellow  mill  at  Big  Oak  Flat  is 
being  torn  down  and  removed  to  the  Non- 
pareil, near  Groveland,  says  Supei-intend- 
ent  Dron,  of  the  Nonpareil. 

The  water  is  out  of  the  Doyle  gravel 
mine,  near  Columbia,  and  operations  will 
be  resumed  by  Estey  &  Stanford. 

W.  Sharwood  and  T.  O.  West  have 
bought  the  Independence  quartz  mine, 
east  of  and  adjoining  the  Soulsby  mine  at 
Soulsbyville,  says  the  Banner. 

The  Starr  King  mine  and  mill,  near 
Carters,  C.  A.  Holland  manager,  are  run- 
ning with  steam  power  and  twelve  men 
are  employed. 

Ventura  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Colum- 
bus Borax  Co.  of  Chicago,  111.,  operating 
at  Griffin,  has  struck  a  high-grade  body 
of  mineral,  and  is  preparing  to  make  regu- 
lar shipments  as  soon  as  teams  enough  are 
obtained.  C.  Sehliesmayer  of  Neenach, 
Cal.,  is  superintendent.  Carpenters  are 
at  work  putting  up  buildings. 

Griffin,  October  14. 

The  Ventura  Light  &  Power  Co.  has 
announced  that  Ventura  and  Oxnard  will 
be  supplied  with  natural  gas  for  fuel  pur- 
poses. During  the  past  two  months  a 
drilling  rig  has  been  developing  gas  terri- 
tory in  Ventura  River  Bottom,  2}  miles 
north  of  Ventura.  From  four  wells  they 
have  secured  a  flow  of  25,000  cubic  feet 
per  day. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Several 
damage  suits  have  been  filed  against  the 
Governor  and  the  officers  in  command  of 
the  militia  at  Cripple  Creek  by  the  miners 
who  were  arrested  and  confined  in  the 
'.'  bull  pen."  The  past  week  has  witnessed 
a  decided  improvement  in  the  strike  situ- 
ation at  Cripple  Creek,  and  it  will  not  be 
many  weeks  before  the  militia  can  be  dis- 
pensed with.  At  Telluride  the  mines  are 
starting  operations  with  non-union  men. 

Denver,  October  12. 

The  coal  miners  of  Colorado,  members 
of  the  United  Mine  Workers,  are  prepar- 
ing to  call  a  general  strike,  the  operators 
refusing  to  recognize  them  on  the  follow- 
ing demands:  That  eight  hours  shall  con- 
stitute a  day's  labor;  that  all  wages  shall 
be  paid  semi-monthly  and  in  United  States 
coin,  and  that  the  scrip  system  be  entirely 
abolished;  an  increase  of  20°„  on  contract 
and  tonnage  prices  and  2000  pounds  to 
constitute  a  ton;  that  all  underground 
men,  top  men  and  trappers  receive  the 
same  wages  for  eight  hours  as  they  are 
now  receiving  for  nine  and  one-half  and 
ten  hours  and  over  for  a  day;  for  the  bet- 
ter preservation  of  the  lives  and  health  of 
the  employes,  a  more  adequate  supply  of 
pure  air,  as  prescribed  by  the  laws  of  the 
State,  is  demanded.  Following  is  an  esti- 
mate of  the  number  of  coal  miners  who 
would  be  affected  by  the  order  to  strike  in 
District  15,  which  is  to  go  into  effect  Oct. 
17th. 

Colorado  (southern  fields) 12,300 

Colorado  (northern  fields) 3,300 

New  Mexico 2,200 

Wyoming 3,400 

Utah 1,800 

Total 23,000 

Clear  Creek  County. 

The  Silver  Plume  M.  &  T.  Co.  has  been 
incoporrated,  with  H.  L.  Roberts,  W.  H. 
Stephens,  H.  H.  Noyes,  L.  L.  and  W.  A. 
Roberts,  as  directors,  to  operate  the  Mary 
Etta  group  of  claims  in  the  "gold  belt" 
on  McClellan  mountain,  above  Silver 
Plume.  Considerable  development  work 
has  been  done,  resulting  in  opening  ore 
from  which  shipments  have  been  made 
giving  returns  in  both  gold  and  silver.  It 
is  intended  to  drive  a  tunnel  to  cut  the 
lodes  at  depth. 

Et  Paso  County. 

The  Golden  Cycle  M.  Co.,  of  Colorado 
Springs,  will  unite  with  a  number  of 
other  mining  companies  in  building  a  re- 
duction plant  in  Colorado  City,  which  will 
be  in  operation  by  March    1st,    1904,    says 


President  Milliken  of  the  Golden  Cycle 
Co.  The  plant  will  cost  $350,000  and 'will 
begin  with  capacity  of  300  tons  per  day, 
with  arrangements  made  for  another  100 
tons  if  necessary.  President  Milliken  has 
bought  100  acres  of  land  east  of  the  Tellu- 
ride mill  at  Colorado  City,  for  the  mill 
site.  The  Golden  Cycle  output  of  150 
tons  per  day  has  heretofore  been  treated 
by  the  Telluride  plant  by  means  of  the 
bromide  process.  The  new  plant  is  ex- 
pected to  use  the  cyanide  process  and  will 
employ  from  100  to  150  men  per  day. 

Fremont  County. 

The  Victor  Oil,  Coal  &  Refining  Co.  has 
been  organized  at  Victor,  and  has  bought 
160  acres  of  oil  land  3  miles  south  of  Flor- 
ence for  $10, 750.  R.  Parker,  J.  M.  Vincent, 
C.  Meeley,  J.  F.  Miller,  W.  Jones  and  W. 
Price  are  directors.  In  addition  to  oil  in- 
dications the  ground  is  said  to  be  under- 
laid with  a  3-foot  seam  of  coal,  which  will 
also  be  developed. 

Gilpin  County. 

The  Bluegrass  M.  &  M.  Co.  are  putting 
in  a  stamp  mill  on  Beaver  creek,  in  Phoe- 
nix district,  IS  miles  from  Rollinsville. 
Machinery  is  on  the  ground,  and  they  ex- 
pect to  have  it  in  operation  by  January 
1st.     Their  rock  assays  $15  in  gold. 

The  New  Haven  group  of  ten  claims,  at 
the  head  of  Lump  gulch,  near  Rollinsville, 
has  been  sold  to  the  Fortunate  G.  M.  &  M. 
Co.,  in  which  Prebble  &  Randel  of  Rocky 
Ford  and  A.  M.  Stevenson  of  Denver  are 
interested.  New  shaft  buildings  will  be 
put  up  on  the  New  Haven  and  Fortunate 
shafts,  and  each  shaft  will  be  sunk  100  feet 
deeper.  On  the  New  Haven  a  prospect 
tunnel  run  by  Manager  E.  W.  Morse 
showed  ore  with  values  in  gold  and  copper. 

The  Wizard  G.  M.  Co.  reports  opera- 
tions will  be  resumed  on  its  group  of  claims 
on  War  Eagle  hill,  between  Lump  and 
Gamble  gulches,  near  Rollinsville.  The 
claims  have  been  partially  developed  by  a 
tunnel,  in  700  feet.  At  the  mouth  of  the 
tunnel  is  a  compressor  plant.  Missouri 
and  Boulder,  Colo.,  men  are  interested. 

Siems  &  Ehrenbach  of  Rollinsville  re- 
port a  discovery  of  tungsten  ore  2  miles 
west  of  Rollinsville,  on  South  Boulder 
creek,  and  have  a  group  of  six  claims  lo- 
cated.    The  veins  show  a  width  of  8  feet. 

J.  T.  McClanahan  of  Boonville,  Mo., 
president  and  manager  of  the  Bertha  G. 
M.  &  M.  Co.,  says  development  work  will 
be  increased.  Their  mines  consist  of  a 
group  of  twenty  claims  near  the  Clear 
Creek  county  line,  near  Idaho  Springs,  on 
the  line  of  the  Newhouse  tunnel,  near  the 
Sun  &  Moon  and  Arizona  properties. 
They  also  own  the  Bertha  40-ton  mill  in 
Idaho  Springs,  which  is  working  under 
lease  at  present.  Work  will  begin  in  the 
Colfax  shaft,  where  there  is  a  show- 
ing of  ore,  but  the  principal  work  will  be 
done  on  the  Half  and  Half  vein,  where  it 
is  opened  up  in  the  Newhouse  tunnel  for  a 
width  of  25  feet. 

Hinsdale  County. 

The  Isolde  mine,  near  Lake  City,  is 
being  operated  by  C.  F.  Meek  and  devel- 
opment is  going  ahead. 

The  Moro  mine  at  Capitol  City  started 
operations  last  week  with  fifty  men,  says 
Manager  Jamison.  The  mill  is  also  run- 
ning. The  ore  bodies  have  been  exploited 
along  the  vein  and  by  deep  tunneling. 
Jefferson  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — A.  B.  Fren- 
zel  of  Denver  has  offered  through  the 
Colorado  Scientific  Society  a  prize  of  $250 
to  the  student  of  the  Colorado  School  of 
Mines  who  will  write  the  best  paper  on 
Tungsten  in  Colorado.  Dr.  Alderson, 
president  of  the  School  of  Mines,  believes 
this  will  bring  some  good  papers  on  the 
subject. 

Golden,  October  11. 

Lake  County. 

The  Yak  Tunnel  Co.,  at  Leadville,  is 
making  a  steady  production  of  2000  tons  a 
month,  and  in  addition  is  opening  up  con- 
siderable new  ground,  says  the  Carbonate 
Chronicle.  There  is  a  portion  of  the  bore 
which  is  in  soft  ground  through  the  Pilot 
fault,  and  it  is  being  repaired  and  heavily 
timbered.  The  company  will  complete 
arrangements  for  working  further  into 
Breece  hill. 

The  car  situation  at  Leadville  has  im- 
proved, resulting  in  the  more  rapid  move- 
ment of  ore.  The  A.  S.  &  R.  Co.  is  re- 
ceiving its  regular  average,  and  the  zinc 
smelters  are  accepting  the  full  amount  of 
ore  under  their  contracts.  The  Septem- 
ber production  shows  73,500  tons.  There 
has  been  increase  in  smaller  shipments 
from  outside  districts. 

The  Oro  Leasing  Co.,  J.  R.  Curley,  man- 
ager, has  resumed  operations  on  Carbon- 
ate hill  at  Leadville.  A  surface  plant  has 
been  built. 

The  La  Plata  gold,  silver  and  lead 
mines  of  Leadville,  owned  by  the  Impe- 
rial G.  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  of  London,  England, 
have  been  sold  to  G.  D.  Tower  et  al.  of 
Mendota,  111.,  for  $30,000.  It  is  .ntended  to 
begin  active  operations  next  week.     The 


average  daily  output  has  been  twenty 
tons,  yielding  $8  per  ton. 

The  owners  of  mines  lying  north  of  Big 
Evans  gulch,  near  Leadville,  where  the 
Progressive,  Pride  of  the  West,  Price, 
Hassard  and  other  shafts  are  located,  are 
organizing  a  co-operative  plan  to  handle 
the  heavy  flow  of  water  that  is  in  this 
section.  The  project  is  similar  to  that  of 
the  Pumping  Association  which  handles 
the  water  of  Leadville  basin.  Added  to 
the  water  in  the  basin  proper,  a  large 
flow  comes  from  the  El  Paso  basin  on  ac- 
count of  the  Iron  fault,  which  will  have  to 
be  handled,  says  the  Times. 

The  price  of  zinc  at  present  being  up, 
has  given  an  impetus  to  the  industry  in 
Leadville  district,  says  the  Times.  The 
Empire  Zinc  Co.  owns  the  Colonel  Sellers 
mine,  which  has  a  large  body  of  zinc  ore, 
but  so  much  of  this  class  of  ore  is  coming 
from  other  mines  that  the  company  will 
probably  not  work  this  property  for  some 
time.  The  Eclipse,  on  Breece  hill,  after 
being  idle  for  several  years,  has  resumed, 
says  Manager  Hoskins. 

The  Keystone  mine,   in  north  end  of 
Leadville  district,  has  resumed. 
Larimer  County. 

The  Pearl  Mining  Times  says  the  Cold- 
water  M.  Co.,  operating  the  Wolverine 
mine  near  Pearl,  has  eighty  tons  of  high- 
grade' ore  in  its  bins.  Development  work 
has  shown  three  distinct  veins  and  9  feet 
of  ore.  T.wenty-one  men  are  employed. 
La  Plata  County. 

There  are  400  men  working  in  the  La 
Plata  district,  says  the  Times,  and  it  is 
not  expected  the  number  will  be  de- 
creased during  the  winter.  The  district 
will  double  its  gold  output  of  any  former 
year.  Among  the  new  mills  will  be  the 
500-ton  plant  of  the  Bonnie  Girl  Co.  Three 
other  mills  will  be  built  along  the  La 
Plata  river  by  next  spring. 
Ouray  County. 

G.  Crawford  says  he  will  start  work  on 
a  tunnel  to  drain  the  lower  workings  of 
the  Yankee  Girl,  Guston  and  Genessee 
Vanderbilt  mines  on  Red  mountain,  near 
Ouray.  The  deepest  shaft  is  down  800 
feet.  Crawford  will  also  start  work  on  the 
Old  Lot  in  Poughkeepsie  gulch.  This 
mine  has  produced  gold  and  silver  ore. 

Near  Ironton,  the  Barstow  M.  Co.  pro- 
poses to  build  a  mill,  in  which  case  the 
Silverton  railroad  will  be  extended  from 
Red  mountain.  J.  Kennedy  has  opened 
up  the  J.  I.  C.  mine  in  Ironton,  and  has 
put  in  a  compressor  and  other  machinery. 
Park  County. 

Ore  shipments  from  Alma  mine's  are  in- 
creasing. The  London  mine  is  shipping 
ten  cars  a  week  and  the  Hock  Hocking 
four  cars.  The  London  has  forty  miners 
at  work  and  six  ore  teams  hauling  to  the 
railroad.  The  mine  will  increase  its  num- 
ber of  men  to  sixty  as  soon  as  its  new  ore 
buildings  are  completed.  The  Hock 
Hocking  has  twenty-five  men  at  work. 
The  Hale  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  built  an  assay 
office  at  the  mouth   of    the  tunnel,   and 

other  buildings. Considerable  tunnel 

work  is  under  way  in  Alma  district,  says 
the  Post.  The  Queen  Bee  G.  M.  Co., 
composed  of  Boston  men,  is  driving  a  tun- 
nel in  Buckskin  gulch,  the  first  contract 
being  for  1000  feet.  It  is  in  200  feet.  The 
Mosher  group,  in  South  Mosquito  (the 
Moffat  Syndicate  group),  has  started  a 
tunnel  to  develop  its  veins.  The  South 
London  tunnel  continues  being  driven 
toward  the  North  London  workings.  The 
Montgomery  G.  M.  Co. 's  tunnel  in  North 
Star  mountain  is  progressing,  and  the 
Viking  tunnel  is  also  driving.  Three  con- 
tracts are  under  way  on  the  Dolly  Varden 
mine  on  Mt.  Bross,  one  of  the  silver  pro- 
ducers in  the  early  days  of  the  camp. 
Two  of  these  contracts  are  for  sinking 
and  one  for  cleaning  out  workings. 

San  Juan   County. 

The  Venetian  M.  Co.,  on  the  Peacock 
and  other  mines  on  Cement  creek,  near 
Silverton,  has  closed  down  for  repairs, 
says  Manager  Cooper. 

The  men  on  the  Silver  Lake  mill,  near 
Silverton,  struck  last  week.  M.  Pickell, 
superintendent  of  the  mill,  had  a  misun- 
derstanding with  W.  R.  Cox,  manager  of 
the  Silver  Lake,  and  resigned,  and  was 
fpllowed  by  between  forty  or  fifty  men, 
three  only  remaining.  No  question  of 
hours  or  wages  was  involved.  The  Silver 
Lake  mine  furnishes  employment  for  400 
miners,  but  so  far  they  are  not  affected. 

San  Miguel  County. 

A  bond  and  lease  has  been  given  on  the 
Link  and  Jumbo  lodes,  in  Bridal  Veil 
basin,  near  Telluride,  to  Chicago  men, 
who  have  put  men  at  work  under  Super- 
intendent W.  Hutchinson. 

The  Butterfly-Terrible  mill,  near  Ophir, 
is  closed,  but  the  management  is  taking 
advantage  of  shutdown  to  repair  the  mill 

and  put  in  steam  plant. Development 

is    going    ahead     on    the    Nevada    mine 

through  the  Deadwood  tunnel. Work 

on  the  Carribeau   mine  continues  and  a 


Ootobbb   17.    L903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


260 


portion  of  the  mill  is  running  steadily. 
Beveral  cars  of  concentrates,  besidec 

crude  ore,  is  Bent  regularly  to  tin-  smelters 
Bach  month.  When  the  ventilating  sys- 
tem bag  t 11  perfected  in  the  mine  more 

men  will  be  put  on  ami  the  entire  mill  put 
in  operation. 

At  Ophir  I. en])  everything  ia running 
and  the  Silver  Bell  mill  18  operated  at  full 
capacity,  making  regular  shipments  of 
bullion  to  the  mint  and  concentrates  to 
tli.  smelters. 

Teller  County. 

Construction  work  is  under  way  on  the 
cyanide  mill  for  the  Snowshoe  claim  of 
the  Streeter  .\  Cripple  Creek  M.  &  M. 
Co.,  near  Cripple  Creek. 

The  holdings  of  the  Isabella  G.  M.  Co., 
near  t  'ripple  t  reck,  and  controlling  inter- 
oete  in  the  Orphan  Bell  and  Bmpire  M. 
to..  bavo  been  taken  over  by  the  Isabella 
Mines  Co.,  whieb  has  been  organized 
, iniler  Wyoming  laws.  The  damage  suits 
of  the  Orphan  Bell  Co.  against  the  Isa- 
bella Co.  for  claims  aggregating  $1,500,- 
(MMi  have  been  dismissed.  The  Buena 
Vista  claim  of  the  Isabella  group  is  on 
Bull  bill.  The  president  of  the  Isabella 
(1.  M.  Co.  is  E.  W.  Giddings,  Jr.,  of  Colo- 
rado Springs. 

The  Glllett  M.  &  K.  Co.,  whieb  owns  a 
fcracl  of  land  east  of  Glllett,  will  build  a 
oyanide  plant  capable  of  treating  100  tons 
of  ore  daily.  The  site  of  the  new  plant 
will  be  on  wost  spur  of  Trachyte  moun- 
tain, says  tbe  Cripple  Creek  Times. 

The  Jackson  G.  M.  Co.,  owned  by  New 
York  men,  with  J.  Huff  of  Victor  man- 
ager, will  put  in  a  plant  of  machinery 
capable  of  sinking;  the  shaft  to  a  depth  of 
7(10  feet.  When  the  300-foot  level  is 
reached  lateral  work  will  be  started.  The 
Jackson  Co.  owns  twenty  acres  of  ground 
on  the  ridge  above  Dutchtown. 

According  to  the  mine  owners,  Cripple 
Creek  will  be  outputting  its  usual  tonnage 
by  November  1st.  The  strike  is  over, 
they  say,  and  all  that  remains  to  be  done 
is  ■'-nine  house  cleaning."  The  fight 
against  the  Western  Federation  will  he 
continued,  even  to  the  extent  of  refusing 
to  grant  loases  on  properties  to  any  one 
connected  with  the  Western  Federation, 
employing  members  of  that  organization 
as  miners.  Secretary  Hamlin  of  the  Oper- 
ator.-' Association  says  the  strike  as  a 
strike  is  over.  The  Gold  Sovereign  mine 
has  been  non-unionized.  Thirty-two  union 
miners  were  discharged  on  the  10th  inst. 
The  property  is  operated  by  lessees,  who 
continued  work  during  the  strike  with 
union  men.  A.  E.  Carlton,  president,  and 
other  officers  of  the  Gold  Sovereign  Co., 
which  is  a  member  of  the  Mine  Owners' 
Association,  notified  the  lessees  that  the 
Western  Federation  of  Miners  must  go, 
and  the  men  were  discharged.  There 
were  twenty -two  men  at  work  on  the 
lease  of  the  Gold  Temple  M.  Co.,  whose 
ore  is  sampled  by  the  Rio  Grande  sampler 
and  shipped  to  Pueblo  smelters.  Ten  men 
were  at  the  Whisper  shaft  of  the  same 
company,  operated  by  Haas  &  Mayers. 
Eighty-two  miners  arrived  from  Coeur 
d'Alene,  Idaho,  on  the  14th  inst.  The 
mine  owners  say  they  have  applications 
for  more  blacksmiths,  trammers,  muck- 
ers and  ore  sorters  than  they  can  use. 
The  names  of  applicants,  however,  are 
booked  and  the  men  will  be  sent  for  when 
enough  machine  drill  men  are  secured  to 
work  two  shifts.  An  attempt  was  made 
on  the  8th  inst.  to  poison  the  garrison  at 
Camp  El  Paso  and  every  man  in 
command,  with  the  exception  of  three 
who  were  absent,  was  temporarily  laid  up. 
Altogether  sixty-eight  men  were  down. 
Poison  of  some  kind  was  placed  in  the 
water  tank  of  the  mine  from  which  water 
is  taken  for  domestic  purposes.  Many  of 
the  miners  were  also  affected. 

Engineer  Jaquith  of  the  El  Paso  drain- 
age tunnel  reports  that  readings  show  the 
flow  of  water  continues  between  1800  and 
1850  gallons  per  minute.  No  material  in- 
crease in  the  flow  of  water  is  expected 
until  the  east  lateral  cuts  the  dike  be- 
tween the  Elkton  and  El  Paso  mines. 
This  will  not  be  finished  for  several  weeks. 
A  number  of  properties,  however,  have 
already  felt  the  result  of  the  opening  of 
the  drainage  tunnel  in  a  decrease  in  the 
water  line.  The  Elkton  and  Mary  Mc- 
Kinney  properties  are  receding  at  the  rate 
of  4  feet  per  month.  The  American  Eagles 
and  the  Ajax,  on  Battle  mountain,  are 
also  decreasing  the  water  line  at  about  the 
same  rate.  The  El  Paso  Gold  King,  up 
Poverty  gulch,  is  also  showing  a  decrease. 
In  fact,  nearly  all  of  them  have  experi- 
enced the  same  result,  while*  the  Beacon 
hill  mines  are  entirely  dry.  Material  re- 
sults, however,  will  not  be  experienced  on 
Raven,  Gold  and  Bull  hills  until  the  dike 
referred  to  is  cut. 

IDAHO. 

Boise  County. 

The  Boston  &  Idaho  G.  Dredging  Co. 
propose  to  build  at  least  two  or  more 
dredgers — one  at  Cold  springs,  6  miles  be- 
low Idaho  City,  and  another  below  the 


junction  ,,f  More  ami  Elk  creeks,  at  tdaho 
City.  Work  on  the  new  dredgers  will  be- 
gin nexl  spring,  and  they  will  be  run  by 
electricity.  Tbe  power  will  be  brought 
cither  from  the  plant  on  Boise  river  or  be 
generated  by  steam  power  on  the  timber 
claims  owned  by  the  company.  Dredger 
No.  2  (the  upper  one)  will  be  remodeled 
next  season,  Bays  Superintendent  R.  Win- 
ters, 

Idaho  County. 

CD.  Hovey  of  the  Cold  Reef  M.  Co.  "f 
Kansas  city,  Mo.,  reports  buying  the 
Confidence  group  of  eight  claim's  anil  the 
Mayflower  claim,  2|  miles  from  Warren, 
on  the  Thunder  Mountain  trail.  The  de- 
velopment on  tbe  Mayflower  consists  of 
lliim  f,et  of  tunnel  and  200  feet  of  shaft. 
A  contract  for  an  BOO-foot  tunnel  will  be 
let.  to  crosscut  the  veins  on  tbe  Confidence 
group  which  show  on  thesurface.  On  tbe 
Mayflower  a  4-foot  ledge  of  ore  has  been 
opened  assaying  $25  in  gold.  A  water 
right  carrying  UKItl  miners'  inches  goes 
witb    the  group.      It  has  a  fall  of  Jilt)  feet.. 

I>.  Mackenzie  has  bought  the  Moonlight 
group  of  three  claims  in  Thunder  moun- 
tain, near  Roosevelt,  for  $20,01111.  Macken- 
zie has  had  an  option  on  the  property  and 
has  development  work  under  way. 
Owyhee  County. 

The  McKinnon  M.  Co.  of  Salt  Lake  (  ity, 
Utah,  is  developing  a  group  of  five  claims 
on  War  Eagle  Mt.,  near  Silver  City.  They 
are  running  a  crosscut  tunnel.  C  B.  Mc- 
Kinnon is  superintendent. 

Shoshone  County. 

The  Snowshoe  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated, with  principal  place  of  business 
at  Mullan,  by  A.  Hutton,  J.  Geossa,  F.  J. 
Edwards,  P.  Lucia  and  .1.  Howarth. 

Men  have  been  put  to  work  on  the 
Dominion  mine  at  Carbon,  near  Wallace. 
Work  will  continue  all  winter  in  the  lower 
crosscut  tunnel,  which  will  cut  three  of 
the  five  ledges  traversing  the  ground,  the 
objective  point  being  the  Bright  Hopes 
ledge.  This  will  require  350  feet  more 
tunnel  and  will  tap  it  at  depth  of  500  feet, 
says  the  Telegram. 

MICHIGAN. 

Houghton  County. 

The  Quincy  M.  Co.  at  Hancock  is  dress- 
ing its  mineral  higher  than  in  the  past, 
which  cuts  down  the  amount  of  mineral 
per  month,  but  increases  the  amount  of 
refined   copper  obtained,  says   the  News. 

The  September  yield  of   the  Franklin 

mine  at  Hancock  aggregated  341 A  tons  of 
copper. 

At  the  Isle  Royale  mine,  near  Hough- 
ton, two  stamps  at  the  mill  are  treating 
900  tons  of  rock  daily.  Aside  from  the 
extension  of  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
level  drifts  at  No.  2  shaft,  no  new  open- 
ings are  being  made. 

No.  4  shaft  of  the  Trimountain  mine, 
near  Painesdale,  is  producing.  The  shaft 
house,  which  was  removed  from  the  Ar- 
cadian, is  fully  reconstructed,  but  the 
first  cars  were  loaded  from  the  rock  house 
bins.  No.  4  is  hoisting  from  the  fourth 
level. 

Machinery  for  the  Champion's  100-drill 
compressor  is  on  the  ground  at  Paines- 
dale and  setting  up  will  begin  next  week. 
Masons  are  at  work  on  F  shaft  house. 
The  Champion  mill  is  operating  an  aver- 
age of  three  heads  twenty-four  hours  a 
day,  two  being  in  service  by  day  and  four 
by  night.  The  milling  operations  are  con- 
fined to  this  limit  on  account  of  the  inabil- 
ity of  the  mine  to  furnish  a  greater  sup- 
ply of  rock  until  added  air  compressing 
facilities  are  available,  which  will  be  sev- 
eral months,  says  the  News.  The  fuel 
economizer  for  the  boiler  battery  at  the 
compressor  house  is  on  the  ground.  The 
compound  heads  at  the  mill,  as  well  as 
the  automatic  stokers  there,  are  working 
satisfactorily. 

The  Calumet  &  Hecla  shaft  in  the  Kear- 
sarge  lode,  near  Calumet,  is  in  sand  28 
feet  and  very  wet.  Repairs  to  the  Red 
Jacket  shaft  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  have 
been  completed  and  hoisting  resumed. 

Machinery  for  the  electric  haulage  plant 
of  the  Quincy  mine  at  Hancock  is  being 
set  up  and  is  expected  to  be  ready  for 
operation  by  the  21st  inst.  The  work  in- 
volves 7  miles  of  underground  trolley,  fif- 
teen electric  locomotives  and  ten  to  twelve 
individual  motors  distributed  about  the 
shops  on  the  surface,  replacing  the  steam 
engines  now  in  use.  Four  copper  wires 
will  convey  an  alternating  current  of  2500 
volts  capacity  from  the  power  house  of 
the  Houghton  County  Electric  Co.  on  the 
Houghton  side,  to  the  mine.  The  power 
will  be  sent  underground  through  No.  6 
shaft  to  the  50th  level,  then  across  to  No. 
2  and  down  100  feet  to  the  57th  level,  where 
a  motor  generator  will  transform  the  cur- 
rent into  a  direct  current  for  use  on  the 
trolley.  The  mine  is  wired  north  of  the 
No.  2'shaft  at  the  43d,  4(ith  and  49th  lev- 
els and  north  and  south  on  the  50th  and 
56th  levels.  Each  locomotive  weighs  5500 
pounds,  and  will  haul  three  tram  cars  of  a 
combined  capacity  of  1000  pounds.     The 


cars  will  be  dumped  into  pockets  built  in 
the  banging  of  tin-  shaft,  but  on  tbe  foot 
wall  of  tbe  lode  as  the  Quinoy  shafts  are 
sunk  under  tbe  lode.  On  the  surface  mo- 
tor- representing 60  H.  1".  will  he  distrib- 
uted through  the  shops  about  the  mine. 
Keweenaw  County. 

'Jiie  Mohawk  mine,  near  Allelic/.,  pro- 
duced during  the  month  of  September  366 
tons  1129  pounds  of  refined  copper. 

Permanent  hoists  for  Nos.  1  and  2  shafts 
of  the  Mohawk  mine,  near  Allouez,  will  be 
put  in.  Conical  drums,  with  compound 
cylinders,  capable  ,,f  hoisting  from  depth 
of  ,",000  feet,  will  be  used.  No.  4  shaft  is 
already  equipped  with  similar  hoist. 

The  Phoenix  mill,  near  Phoenix,  is 
treating  150  tons  of  rock  per  day.  There 
are  two  stock  piles  to  work  on  besides  a 
large  amount  of  mass  copper  that  is  ready 
for  the  smelter. 

No.  1  shaft  of  the  Abuieek  mine  on  the 
Kearsarge  lode,  near  Allouez,  has  been 
connected  with  the  drift.  No.  2  shaft  is  H 
feet  in  the  lode.  As  the  overburden  was 
only  10  feet  this  makes  it  a  case  of  copper 
from  the  grass  roots.  Good  stamp  rock 
is  being  taken  out,  hut  it  is  not  as  rich  as 
that  from  No.  1.  The  railroad  spur  1 
mile  long  will  be  completed  this  month. 

MINNESOTA 

S;iini   LouIh  County. 

Five  hundred  employes  of  the  Minne- 
sota Iron  Co.  are  out  of  work  through 
the  closing  down  indefinitely  of  the  Sou- 
dan mine  near  Tower. 

MISSOURI 

Joplin  district  prices  of  zinc  are  reported 
as  remaining  at  $40  per  ton  and  the  assay 
basis  at  $34  to  $36  per  ton  of  60%  zinc. 
For  the  first  nine  months  of  the  year  (to 
Oct.  1st),  while  the  tonnage  is  not  so  large 
as  for  the  same  period  of  1902,  the  higher 
prices  this  year  bring  the  value  to  an  in- 
crease of  $415,470  over  the  larger  output 
of  1902.  Production  for  the  nine  months 
was:  Zinc  185,421.93  tons,  value  $0,383,010; 
lead  21,455.2  tons,  value  $1,158,890. 
Jasper  County. 

The  Williamsport  M.  Co.,  near  Joplin, 
have  their  mine  unwatered  and  are  tak- 
ing out  lead  ore. 

Anderson  &  Colger  have  leased  five  and 
one-half  acres  of  the  Missouri  Zinc  Fields 
Co.   at  Webb  City   and   are  prospecting 

with  a  diamond  drill. Superintendent 

W.  R.  Crandall  of  the  Missouri  Zinc 
Fields  Co,  says  the  company  proposes  to 
replace  a  portion  of  their  present  mill  and 
pnt  in  machinery  for  a  custom  plant  to 
clean  the  ore  of  tbe  small  operators  min- 
ing near  the  mill. 

M.  C.  Conkey  is  building  his  mill  on  the 
incline  shaft  north  of  Webb  City. 

The  Hudson  M.  Co.  has  rebuilt  the 
Pleasant  Valley  mill,  near  Joplin.  The 
Hudson  mine  joins  it  on  tbe  south  and  a 
lead  of  ore  was  followed  in  the  drift  on  the 
south  line  of  the  Pleasant  Valley  lease. 

The  Golden  Rod  mill,  near  Joplin,  is 
again  in  operation,  with  capacity  to 
handle.  200  tons  per  day. 

Zinc  ore  is  being  found  at  the  grass 
roots  across  Spring  river  at  the  north 
limits  of  Carthage,  where  I.  C.  Wheeler 
excavates  clay  for  making  brick,  says  the 
Joplin  News-Herald.  The  land  owned  by 
Mr.  Wheeler  covers  seventy  acres. 

MONTANA. 

The  receipts  of  gold  at  the  United 
States  assay  office  at  Helena  City  during 
September  were  $275,655,  as  against  $238,- 
090  for  the  month  last  year,  an  increase  of 
$37,565.  The  records  show  increases  from 
Montana,  Idaho  and  British  Columbia, 
and  a  falling  off  in  receipts  from  Nevada. 
Washington,  Oregon  and  Northwest  Ter- 
ritory. The  receipts  from  Montana  were 
$234,709;  from  Idaho,  $11,438;  from  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  $22,472.  In  production  of 
Montana  gold  Fergus  county  leads.  The 
product  of  that  county  is  almost  all  of 
free  or  cyanide  gold,  while  from  other 
counties,  notably  Lewis  and  Clark,  a  large 
proportion  of  tbe  product  goes  to  smelt- 
ers, and  therefore  does  not  show  in  the 
assay  office  returns.  From  Fergus  county 
for  September,  1902,  the  receipts  were 
$62,024,  while  for  September,  1903,  they 
were  $113,650;  Lewis  and  Clark,  $26,354; 
Madison,  $38,368;  Missoula,  $11,056;  Park 
county,  $17,500. 

Deer  Lodge  County. 

The  Black  Diamond  Coal  Co.,  which 
owns  320  acres  of  coal  lands  near  Ana- 
conda, reports  work  on  its  tunnel  pro- 
gressing. The  tunnel  is  in  400  feet  and 
will  follow  tbe  vein,  which  is  showing  4 
feet  in  width. 

Fergus    County, 

W.  G.  Moore  has  men  at  work  on  the 
Norman  group  of  claims,  near  the  Ken- 
dall mine  at  Kendall,  prospecting  with  a 
diamond  drill. 

C.  T.  Durrell,  manager  of  the  Chicago- 


Montana  G.  M.  Co.,  operating  the  Big  Six 
group  of  mines,  adjoining  the  Whisky 
Gulch  section  of  the  Judith  range,  near 
Gilt  Edge.  sa>  s  he  has  men  at  work  on  the 
company':  properties  developing  the 
bodies  of  cyaniding  ores  that  have  been 
opened.  Arrangements  have  been  made 
whereby  the  Chicago-Montana  Co.  will 
use  the  Whisky  Gulch  mill  for  treatment 
of  its  ores.  A  tram  line,  3400  feet  in 
length,  is  being  budt  from  the  Big  Six 
properties  to  the  mill.  The  mill  will  begin 
crushing  by  December  1st. 

The  Barnes-King  M.  Co.  of  Kendall  has 
incorporated  under  Delaware  laws  by  E. 
\V.  King.  .1.  T.  Wunderlin  and  J.  P. 
Barnes,  the  last  named  being  resident 
business  agent. 

The  Kendall  M.  Co.  at  Kendall  is  build- 
ing a  dam  in  the  gulch  below  the  mill  site 
to  impound  the  slums  that  flow  from  the 
mill  after  cyaniding  because  of  the  volume 
of  slums  that  runs  down  the  gulch.  Land 
owners  along  the  route  have  complained 
of  the  overflow  on  their  property.  The 
dam  will  be  22  feet  high. 

M.  B.  Darrow  and  J.  D.  Wilcox  have  a 
lease  on  the  Maginnis  group  at  Maiden. 
They  will  first  work  on  the  tailings  from 
the  stamp  mill,  several  thousand  tons  of 
which  are  on  the  dump. 

The  Gold  Reef  mines,  near  Gilt  Edge, 
are  working  135  men,  and  the  Chicago- 
Montana  M.  Co.  will  resume  operations 
on  their  group  in  Whiskey  gulch  and  on 
the  Big  Six  group. 

Jefferson    County. 

It  is  reported  operations  will  be  resumed 
on  tbe  Katie  mine,  near  Basin,  owned  by 
the  Basin  and  Bay  State  M.  Co. 

Missoula   County. 

A  strike  is  reported  made  on  the  Tar- 
box  lead -silver  mine  at  Saltese.  The  strike 
was  made  in  the  400-foot  level,  west  from 
where  the  100-foot  crosscut  opened  the 
ledge  and  on  the  hanging  wall  side.  The 
tunnel  is  in  10  feet  of  ore  that  will  carry 
40%  lead.  The  Tarbox  Co.  is  arranging 
to  build  a  100-ton  mill,  says  Manager  Dax- 
on. 

Final  payment  on  the  Denver  &  Rock 
Island  group,  near  Deborgia,  has  been 
made  by  the  Duquesne  M.  Co.  of  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.  W.  T.  Hales  of  Wallace,  Idaho, 
is  manager.  It  is  a  silver-lead  property, 
and  tunnels  have  been  driven  which  tap 
the  ledge  at  depth  of  200  feet,  showing  4j 
feet  wide,  assaying  35%  in  lead  and  20 
ounces  in  silver.  Eighteen  men  are  at 
work.  It  is  about  6  miles  from  the  rail- 
road. 

Silver   Bow    County. 

The  injunction  proceedings  involving 
the  claim  of  F.  A.  Heinze  to  certain  stopes 
of  ore  in  the  Leonard  mine  were  ended 
last  week,  Judge  Clancy  ruling  that 
Heinze  had  not  made  out  a  case.  Heinze 
and  his  engineers  claimed  that  a  40-foot 
strip  of  ore  in  the  Gambetta  mine,  being 
worked  through  the  Leonard  shaft,  was  a 
portion  of  the  so-called  Minnie  Healy 
north  vein.  Heinze  obtained  a  temporary 
restraining  order  in  August  which  threw 
250  men  in  the  Leonard  workings  out  of 
employment.  These  men  will  be  returned 
to  work. 

NEVADA. 

Esmeralda  County. 

Between  September  20th  and  October 
3rd  the  Montana-Tonopah  M.  Co.  at  Ton- 
opah  shipped  3770  sacks  (200  tons)  of  ore 
to  the  smelter,  which  averaged  $100  to 
the  ton,  says  the  Tonopah  Bonanza.  The 
Morgan  mill  at  Empire  is  making  a  test 
run  on  some  of  the  ore.  The  north  cross- 
cut in  the  mine  from  the  512-foot  station 
is  in  360  feet.  The  west  drift  from  this 
crosscut,  at  196  feet  from  the  shaft,  is  in 
80  feet.  The  east  drift  from  the  shaft  is 
in  400  feet.  The  north  crosscut  from  the 
612-foot  station  is  in  186  feet. 

Men  have  been  started  to  work  at  Gold 
mountain,  southwest  of  Tonopah,  on  the 
group  of  five  claims  belonging  to  the  Ton- 
opah Gold  Mountain  M.  &  M.  Co.  The 
property  adjoins  the  Tonopah  Union  and 
the  Tonopah  Gold  Mountain,  and  is  owned 
by  Philadelphia  men.  J.  S.  Stotler  is 
manager. 

At  the  Mizpah  mine  at  Tonopah  the 
diamond  drill  is  working  satisfactorily  at 
a  depth  of  600  feet  below  the  700-foot  sta- 
tion. The  west  drift  at  the  500  level  is 
into  the  Buckboard  ground  and  ore  is 
being  extracted. 

Eureka  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Lincoln 
M.  Co.,  Diamond  valley,  in  development 
work  have  1200  feet  on  a  silver-lead  vein 
and  considerable  ore  blocked  out. 

The  Tybo  M.  Co.  of  Ely  have  a  new  con- 
centrator and  centrifugal  pump.  They 
are  shipping  seventy-five  tons  silver-lead 
concentrates  monthly. 

The  Diamond  Co.  have  been  hoisting 
some  yellow  carbonate,  which  will  return 
$40  per  ton. 

All  the  companies  in  the  Eureka  dis- 
trict are  working  in  reserve  ground  above 


261 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


the  water  channel,  and  some  good  ore  is 
being  shipped. 

Laird  Bros,  are  working  their  Williams- 
burg property,  north  of  Adams  hill,  and 
report  prospects  good. 

ft.  Sadler  is  in  Eureka  organizing  a 
company  to  work  his  mining  property  on 
Prospect  mountain. 

The  men  recently  laid  off  in  the  Dia- 
mond, owing  to  litigation  with  owners  of 
the  Atlantic  &  Pacific  property  adjoining, 
have  taken  leases  on  ground  in  the  Dia- 
mond, which  they  will  work,  during  the 
coming  winter. 

Eureka,  October  14. 

An  average  of  100  tons  of  iron  ores 
daily  are  being  shipped  from  the  West 
iron  mines,  near  Palisade,  for  which  the 
owners  are  said  to  receive  $3.50  per  ton 
delivered  at  the  smelters  at  Murray,  Utah, 
says  the  Tribune.  The  product  of  the 
West  mines  is  of  value  for  fluxes.  The 
property  is  owned  by  the  West  M.  Co.  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

The  West  M.  Co.  is  working  fifteen  men 
at  its  mine,  near  Palisade,  and  this  num- 
ber will  be  increased  to  get  an  average 
daily  shipment  of  200  tons  of  ore. 

Huuiboldt    County. 

The  Spencer  M.  Co.  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  whose  holdings  are  near  the  Hidden 
Treasure  mines,  near  Kennedy,  has  sev- 
eral men  at  work  grading  and  preparing 
the  site  for  a  mill. 

Lincoln  County. 

The  Searchlight  M.  &  M.  Co.  at  Search- 
light, A.  B.  Day,  superintendent,  has  its 
works  in  operation. 

Superintendent  A.  A.  Ross  of  the  Em- 
pire M.  &  M.  Co.  has  put  men  to  work  on 
their  holdings  at  Newberry,  near  Search- 
light. 

B.  Macready,  vice-president  and  man- 
ager of  the  Saturn  M.  Co.,  at  Searchlight, 
says  he  has  put  men  on  development 
work.  The  Saturn  group  adjoins  the 
Quar  ette  mines  on  the  south. 

Fourteen  miles  west  of  Searchlight,  in 
the  Crescent  mountains,  the  turquoise 
mines  (the  Simmons  mines)  of  the  Toltec 
Gem  M.  Co.,  says  Manager  G.  Simmons, 
consists  of  three  parallel  dikes,  the  upper 
one  of  which  measures  300  feet  in  width. 
Through  these  dikes  run  shoots  in  which 
the  stones  are  found  embedded  in  matrix. 
The  deepest  shaft  is  down  170  feet. 

After  a  four  months'  idleness,  due  to 
the  strike,  operations  are  again  under 
way  at  Searchlight.  The  Quartette  M. 
Co.  is  running  its  mill  sixteen  hours  and 
has  increased  its  force.  The  Southern 
Nevada  Co.  has  started  up  with  non-union 
men  and  the  Good  Hope  is  working  with 
union  miners.  Manager  P.  D.  Carper  of 
the  Good  Hope  says  he  has  resumed  un- 
der same  conditions  as  were  in  force  at 
time  of  shut-down,  i.  e.,  an  eight-hour  day 
for  all  employes  with  exception  of  en- 
gineer's, who  will  be  required  to  work 
such  overtime  as  necessary  in  order  to  en- 
able miners  to  put  in  full  time.  Miners 
and  engineers  are  to  be  paid  $3.50;  muck- 
ers, trammers  and  unskilled  top  labor,  $3; 
skilled  mechanics  (blacksmiths  and  tim- 
bermen),  $4.  Two  shifts  are  drifting  on 
the  200-foot  level. 

Lyon  County. 

The  tunnel  being  run  by  the  Silver  City 
Mining  &  Drainage  Co.,  south  of  the 
Daney  mine  shaft,  at  Silver  City,  under 
Superintendent  J.  H.  Kinkead,  is  in  1700 
feet,  and  is  being  extended  along  the  edge 
of  a  vein  of  ore  carrying  gold  values. 

White   Pine  County. 

J.  Sharpe,  W.  McMurray,  et  al.  of  Crip- 
ple Creek,  Colo.,  have  bought  the  Joanna 
gold  mine  at  Cherry  Creek. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

Taos  County, 

A  strike  is  reported  in  the  Tampa  mine 
in  Bromide  district,  12  miles  west  of  Tres 
Piedras.  The  vein  was  struck  at  200  feet 
and  is  13  feet  wide.  Four  feet  of  the  ore 
on  the  hanging-  wall  carries  sulphide  of 
copper  and  averages  $60  per  ton,  says  the 
New  Mexican.  The  property  is  owned  by 
the  Tusas  Peak  M.  Co.  of  Manistee,  Mich., 
and  is  being"  worked  under  Superinten- 
dent F.  Bolton.  The  company  owns  a 
millsite  below  the  mine  on  the  Tusas  and 
will  put  in  a  concentrator.  Eight  feet  of 
the  vein  is  concentrating-  ore  and  the  bal- 
ance will  be  shipped. 

OREGON. 

Baker  County. 

Superintendent  J.  Reed  of  the  Auburn 
Deep  M.  Co.,  at  Auburn,  a  placer  proposi- 
tion, has  discontinued  sinking-  for  bed- 
rock, and  says  he  will  put  in  a  prospecting 
drill  to  determine  the  direction  in  which 
to  drift.  The  shaft  is  down  242  feet,  with 
indications  that  it  has  entered  a  depres- 
sion. 

Manager  Hennessey  of  the  Cracker 
Cradle  mine,  in  Cracker  district,  near 
Sumpter,  says  he  has   arrang-ed  to  beg-in 


work  next  week  and  continue  same  during 
the  winter  months.  He  will  drive  a  cross- 
cut tunnel  which  will  open  the  vein  in  250 
feet,  and  from  that  point  the  vein  will  be 
drifted,  giving  300  feet  depth. 
Clackamas  County. 

The  owners  of  the  Northern  Light 
quartz  mine  in  Shena  Creek  mining  dis- 
trict, 50  miles  east  of  Portland,  report 
opening  up  ore  in  the  tunnel  being  ex- 
tended into  Huckleberry  mountain.  It  is 
within  6  miles  of  the  Spring  water  branch 
of  the  Oregon  Water  Power  &  Railway 
Co.  The  tunnel  is  being  driven  100  feet 
farther  by  contract.  The  owners  of  the 
Northern  Light  mine  are  E.  Renfer,  T.  S. 
West,  V.  Schmit,  B.  Hall  and  E.  Mienig 
of  Portland. 

Douglas  County. 

The  Star  mine,  near  Bohemia,  owned 
by  G.  B.  Hengen  et  al.  of  New  York,  will 
build  a  10-stamp  mill  this  fall.  Work  to 
the  extent  of  900  feet  of  tunnel  has  been 
done  on  the  ore.  The  group  consists  of 
fourteen  full  claims.  The  power  line  will 
be  extended  from  the  Oregon  Securities 
Co.,  and  electricity  will  be  used  to  oper- 
ate the  Star  mine  and  mill.  The  Oregon 
Securities  Co.'s  mill  at  Bohemia  will  be- 
gin dropping  its  thirty  stamps  Nov.  1, 
says  Superintendent  Mathews. 

F.  J.  Hard  of  Bohemia  has  closed 
a  deal,  in  which  be  becomes  owner 
of  the  Stocks  &  Harlow  mining  property 
in  Bohemia  district.  The  Stocks  &  Har- 
low mine  is  on  the  west  slope  of  Fairview 
mountain  and  joins  the  Vesuvius,  which 
Hard  owns. 

Josephine  County. 

The  Mountain  View  C.  Co.  mines  (the 
Sowell  mines),  in  Waldo  district,  are  re- 
ported sold  to  the  Vulcan  C.  Co.  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  for  $24,000. 

The  Dutch  Johnnie  hydraulic  placer 
mine,  on  Rogue  river,  below  Grant's  Pass, 
which  has  been  in  litigation  for  several 
years,  has  been  settled  and  W.  H.  Flanna- 
gan  has  control.  He  will  operate  it  this 
winter.  Men  are  at  work  getting  the  pip- 
ing and  flumes  in  shape.  The  banks  are 
60  feet  in  depth,  and  there  is  said  to  be 
water  enough  to  keep  the  giants  running 
nine  months  in  the  year. 

Lane   County. 

At  Blue  river  there  are  three  gold  mills. 
The  Lucky  Boy  is  operating  fifteen 
stamps,  with  daily  output  of  $400  bullion, 
says  the  Telegram.  The  Uncle  Sam  M.. 
Co.,  with  5  stamps,  is  shut  down  pending 
changes  in  machinery.  The  Great  North- 
ern M.  Co.  has  been  operating  two  stamps, 
but  is  putting  in  a  5-stamp  mill. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Lawrence   County. 

O.  N.  Brown,  manager  of  the  Spearfish 
G.  M.  Co.,  operating  in  Ragged  Top  dis- 
trict, west  of  Lead,  says  they  are  prepar- 
ing to  put  in  additional  machinery.  The 
mill  is  crushing  300  tons  of.  ore  per  day. 

On   the  east  side  of  Ragged  Top  the 

Victoria  mine  is  preparing  to  put  in  a  300- 
ton  cyanide  plant. 

The  Penobscot  M.  Co.,  near  Maitland, 
is  making  daily  shipments  of  ore  to  the 
National  smelter  of  the  Horseshoe  Co.  at 
Rapid  City.  The  ore  is  hauled  from  Gar- 
den City  to  Blacktail  by  wagons.  The 
shipping  ore  produced  by  the  mine 
amounts  to  seventy-five  tons  per  day. 
The  rest  of  the  ore  is  treated  at  the  com- 
pany's plant  at  Maitland.  The  40-stamp 
wet  crushing  cyanide  plant  is  running 
steadily. 

UTAH. 

Beaver  County. 

The  Wasatch  King  M.  Co.  has  a  ninety- 
day  option'on  the  Crank  group,  in  Beaver 
Lake  district,  near  Milford.  The  prop- 
erty shows  a  vein  of  iron-copper  ore. 

Work  on  the  Beaver  Con.  shaft  was 
stopped  at  depth  of  509  feet,  where  a  sta- 
tion is  being  cut,  and  crosscuts  will  be  run 
in  two  directions.  The  water  coming 
from  this  shaft  is  said  to  carry  copper. 

J.  D.  McAulay  of  Milford  and  C.  T.  Mar- 
tin of  Frisco,  having  bought  an  interest  in 
the  Gold  King  group,  near  the  Revenue 
mine,  in  Pine  Grove  district,  propose  to 
work  it  all  winter.  In  the  bottom  of  a 
50-foot  shaft  there  is  14  inches  of  ore  that 
carries  sixty  ounces  in  silver  and  values  in 
gold.     Sinking  will  be  resumed. 

•Juab  County. 

The  management  of  the  Swansea  M.  Co. 
mine  at  Silver  City  has  contracted  to  ship 
its  argentiferous  iron  ores  to  the  Majestic 
C.  Co.  smelter  at  Milford,  says  Manager 
Geddes.  It  is  desired  as  a  flux,  the  rock 
affording  18°0  iron  excess  with  15  ounces 
silver  and  60  cents  gold  per  ton. 

Eureka  reports  of  the  10th  inst.  say 
the  situation  is  practically  unchanged  at 
the  Bullion-Beck,  Eureka  Hill,  Gemini  and 
Centennial-Eureka  mines,  all  of  which 
properties  are  affected  by  the  under- 
ground fire  which  has  been  burning  since 
the  5th   inst.     The  openings    have  been 


sealed  up  in  hope  of  smothering  the  fire. 
Helmets  carrying  compressed  jair  will  be 
used  in  an  attempt  to  locate  the  fire.  Be- 
fore reaching  the  openings  an  attempt 
was  made  to  bulkhead  certain  drifts  con- 
necting the  Centennial-Eureka  and  the 
Eureka  Hill,  but  the  men  were  overcome 
by  the  gas  and  smoke,  resulting  in  the 
death  of  W.  Menlove,  the  Centennial- 
Eurek  shift  boss.  Superintendent  Allen 
of  the  Centennial-Eureka  mine  is  ship- 
ping third-class  ores  from  the  dump  so 
that  the  United  States  smelter  will  not  be 
forced  to  close  down. 

Salt  Lake  County. 

Articles  of  incorporation  of  the  Utah- 
Apex  M.  Co.  of  Portland,  Me.,  have  been 
filed,  says  W.  C.  Orem  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
resident  agent.  C.  Dunn,  Jr.,  is  president 
and  E.  W.  Guptill  vice-president.  The 
company's  mines  are  at  Bingham,  and  in- 
clude the  York  and  other  adjoining  prop- 
erties on  which  options  are  pending. 

To  relieve  the  valley's  customs  plant, 
the  sampler  at  the  Americans.  &  R.  Co.'s 
Germania  smelter  was  put  in  operation 
last  week  by  Manager  C.  W.  Whitley  of 
Salt  Lake  City.  To  enable  them  to  han- 
dle a  larger  volume  of  pyritic  ore  at  the 
Bruckner  plant  seven  more  of  its  furnaces 
were  fired  up,  increasing  the  number  in 
commission  to  seventeen,  each  preparing 
twelve  tons  for  the  blasts.  The  blast  fur- 
naces at  the  Germania  are  also  expected 
to  be  blown  in. 

Summit    Couuty. 

The  shaft  having  been  unwatered  at  the 
Silver  King  Con.  mine,  near  Park  City, 
development  work  is  being  resumed. 
What  water  may  be  struck  between  the 
500-foot  and  600-foot  levels  will  be  pumped 
up  to  the  500-foot  level  and  handled  there 
by  the  main  pumping  system. 
Tooele  County. 

The  Greene  Reduction  Co.,  having 
bought  the  Geyser-Marion  mine  dump  at 
Mercur,  has  men  to  work  at  the  old  mill 
on  that  property.  The  plant  will  be  re- 
modeled, says  Manager  Wiswall  of  the 
Greene  Co.  The  capacity  of  the  mill  will 
be  increased  to  treat  300  tons  of  tailings 
per  day. 

WASHINGTON. 

Ferry  Couuty. 

The  Pearl,  Lone  Pine  and  Surprise 
mineral  claims  of  the  Lone  Pine-Surprise 
M.  Co.  have  been  sold  to  the  Pearl  Con. 
M.  Co.,  the  original  company  retaining 
only  the  Last  Chance  claim.  The  group 
is  in  Eureka  mining  district,  1  mile  north 
of  Republic.  The  Pearl  Con.  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  by  G.  D.  Bibbins,  L.  H. 
Long,  T.  Ryan,  C.  P.  Robbins  and  E.  K. 
Schmidt. 

The  month  of  September  shows  a 
largely  increased  tonnage  of  ore  shipped 
from  the  mines  of  Republic  camp  to  the 
smelters  over  the  previous  month,  says 
the  Spokesman-Review.  During  August 
102  cars  of  ore  were  shipped  (3430  tons) 
with  an  aggregate  value  of  $48,020.  The 
September  shipments  were  184  cars  (6440 
tons),  aggregate  value  of  $90,160. 

WYOMING. 

Carbon  County. 

C.  H.  Marshall  et  al.  of  Denver,  Colo., 
have  bought  a  group  of  five  copper  claims, 
north  of  Rawlins. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

Transvaal. 

Glynn's  Lydenburg  mine,  near  Johan- 
nesburg, reports  output  for  month  of 
August:  Mill  crushed  1960  tons,  yielding 
615  ounces  gold;  cyanide  works  treated 
1460  tons,  yielding  576  ounces;  slime  works 
treated  500  tons,  yielding  200  ounces. 
Total,  1391  ounces  fine  gold;  value,  £5805. 

Henry    Nourse    Gold    August    result 

was:  Seventy  stamps  running  30  days 
milled  9358  tons  for  3356  ounces:  6234  tons 
cyanide  for  1819  ounces;  2944  tons  slimes 
for  226  ounces.  Total,  5401  ounces  fine 
gold. 

The  May  Con.  Gold  Co.  at  Johannes- 
burg for  month  of  August  reports:  Sixty 
stamps  running  31  days  crushed  9735  tons, 
yielding  3232  ounces;  cyanide  works,  5560 
tons  treated,  yielding  1169  ounces;  slimes 
works,  2261  tons  treated,  yielding  190 
ounces.     Total,  4591  ounces  fine  gold. 

Van  Ryn  G.  M.  Estate  for  August:  In 
mill,  seventy  stamps  working  25  days, 
milled  8550  tons,  recovering  2928  ounces 
gold.  In  cyanide  works,  5600  tons  treated 
for  963  ounces.  Total  fine  gold  all  sources, 
3891  ounces;  recovery  value  per  ton,  £1 
18s  8d. 

The  Witbank  colliery  reports  August 
output  at  30,773  tons  coal. 

The  Witwatersrand  Deep  Co.  at  Johan- 
nesburg during  the  month  of  August  had 
sixty  stamps  working  281  days,  crushing 
7470  tons  for  1920  ounces:  5614  tons  of 
sands  and  concentrates  treated  by  cyanide 
works;  yield  1100  ounces. 


West  Africa. 

The  Ashanti  Sansu  Co.  in  Ashanti  dis- 
trict reports  during  month  of  August 
1330  tons  of  ore  crushed  for  1130  ounces 
of  gold.  Several  days'  time  was  lost  by 
stoppage  of  mill  due  to  wet  fuel. 

AUSTRALIA. 

New   South  Wales. 

The  Melbourne  office  of  the  Broken  Hill 
Proprietary  Co.  of  Broken  Hill,  on  Sep- 
tember 25th  reports  in  regard  to  the  wages 
arbitration  case:  The  Amalgamated  Min- 
ers' Association  claims  were  disallowed, 
with  the  exception  of  some  preference 
unionists,  and  the  company's  counter  claim 
for  decrease  of  10%  also  not  allowed:  The 
award  is  made  for  two  years. 

The  Sulphide  Corporation  reports  dur- 
ing the  four  weeks  ending  September  19, 
14,427  tons  of  ore  milled  at  the  Central 
mine,  producing  2917  tons  of  lead  bearing- 
concentrates,  and  2995  tons  of  middlings 
were  treated,  producing  1482  tons  of  zinc 
concentrates.  At  Cockle  Creek  during 
same  period  1502  tons  of  leady  concen- 
trates, 420  tons  of  residues  and  3802  tons 
of  purchased  ores  were  smelted,  yielding 
997  tons  of  lead,  containing  81,754  ounces 
silver  and  14,157  ounces  gold. 

Queensland. 

No.  2   South   Great  Eastern. G.  Co.  at 
Gynipie    reports    August    output:     Tons 
crushed  3350,  yielding  3822  ounces  gold. 
Western  Australia. 

The  following  are  output  figures  for 
Western  Australia  to  September  1st; 

1903. ,        1902. i 

Tons       Ounces        Tons       Ounces 
Ore.         Gold.  Ore.  Gold. 

January 158,069       181,173       123,399       143,822 

February 160,939        187,771         146,600        858,108 

March 179,888        195,544        148,944        166,813 

April 174,880        201,885        142,852        158,938 

May 169,558        178,287        151,538        171,813 

June 196,405      *224,026        157,236        173,185 

July 185,458        191,681        167,617        174,494 

August 183,775        183,797        167,719        182,591 

September 173,377        186,965 

October 169,238        188,657 

November 165,044       187,037 

December 175,763       199,846 

*  Including  26,924  ounces  whieh  belong  to  previous 
returns,  but,  having  been  omitted,  are  herein  in- 
cluded. 

At  the  Lake  View  Consols  mine  at  Kal- 
goorlie,  D.  E.  Bigelow,  manager,  August 
returns  are  reported:  8060  tons  of  ore 
treated,  yielding  4288  ounces  fine  gold, 
value  £1832.  Costs:  Stoping,  9s  lid  per 
ton;  ore  reduction  ("Diehl"  treatment, 
14s  6d  per  ton;  general  expenses,  2s  7d. 

At  the  Anaconda  copper  mine  at  Murrin, 
near  Mount  Malcolm,  development  work 
is  reported  progressing.  Another  furnace 
for  refining  of  copper  matte  will  be  added 
to  the  treatment  plant. 

BRAZIL. 

The  Ouro  Preto  Gold  Co.,  at  Ouro 
Preto.  in  Minas  Geraes,  on  September  21st 
reported  the  output  for  the  month  of 
August:  Ore  crushed  6219  tons,  yielding 
1943  ounces  gold;  value,  £7760. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

Boundary  District. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Granby  Con. 
M.,  S.  &  P.  Co.,  with  mines  at  Phoenix 
and  smelter  at  Grand  E\>rks,  for  fiscal 
year  ended  June  30,  shows: 

Expenses  at  mines  and  smelters $1,136,000 

Foreign  ore  bought 72,954 

Foreign  matte  bought 766,000 


Total $1 ,974,954 

The  assets,  cost  of  land,  real  estate,  ma- 
chinery, buildings,  dwellings,  equipment, 
etc.,  are  placed  at  $13,845,000;  copper  in 
transit  and  cash  on  hand,  $179,000;  store 
supplies,  $93,000.  Production  for  the  year 
aggregated  12,551,000  poundscopper,  277,- 
574  ounces  silver  and  35,121  ounces  gold. 
Receipts  from  real  estate  amounted  to 
$38,511,  making  total  receipts  $2,271,252. 
The  business  for  the  year  was  hampered 
by  the  coal  and  coke  situation,  necessitat- 
ing running  the  smelter  only  one-half  its 
capacity.  The  plant  has  been  increased 
by  two  furnaces,  making  six  in  all,  which 
they  expect  to  operate  full  time  from  now 
on  as  against  an  average  of  two  furnaces 
last  year. 

P.  L.  Sommer  of  New  York,  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  British  Columbia  C.  Co.,  says 
they  will  enlarge  their  Greenwood  plant 
by  the  addition  of  a  converter  and  four 
additional  furnaces.  The  present  equip- 
ment consists  of  two  furnaces.  The  smel- 
ter will  have  a  daily  capacity  of  2100  tons. 
The  company  owns  the  Mother  Lode 
mines  at  Deadwood  Camp  and  the  smelter 
at  Greenwood. 

Ore  shipments  from  Boundary  district 
for  the  month  of  September  aggregated 
61,388  tons,  as  compared  with  69,568  tons 
in  August.  Shipments  for  the  year  to 
October  1  amounted  to  459,127  tons. 
Cassiar  District. 

J.  B.  Kinyon  has  bought  the  Chris- 
topher leases  and  water  rights,  covering 
1900  acres  of  bench   and  creek   leases,  to- 


OCTOBEB    17.    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


«62 


gether  with  the  water  rights  on  McKee 
and  El   Dorado  creeks,   in   Atlin   section. 

Orders  have  I a  placed  for  50,000  feet  of 

lumber  for  the  construction  of  q  flume 

and  Hki  sluice  boxes,  to  go  In  this  fall. 
The  boxes  will  be  equipped  throughout 
with  steel  riffles. 

Fast   KiiMli'im)    District. 

Tie-  Gold  River  M.  .v-  1>.  Co.  has  been 
organized  foe  placer  mining  and  develop- 
ment by  water  power  of  electricity,  power 
ami  light  in  t  he  mines  and  tou  qs  of  south- 
east Kostenay.  The  plant  will  he  at  Bull 
river  falls,  near  Cranbrook,  where  it  has 

- inches    of    water,    with    a    fall  of  20(1 

feel  in  1]  mile.  The  plans  are  to  put  in  a 
dam  above  the  falls  and  a  Hume  thai  will 
Carry  the  entire  volume  of  water  in  the 
river,  and  to  mine   the    lied    of     the    river 

below  the  falls  for  placer  gold,  in  con- 
nection with  this  an  electrical   generating 

station    and    [lower   house    will  he  built  at 

tin-  end  of  the  Hume.  During  the  coming 
winter  a  sawmill  will  he  set  up  and  mate- 
rial cut   for  the   flume,    which  will  he  Hi 

feet    Wide  and    "i    feet     high.       The     company 

is  made  up  of  Iowa,  South  Dakota  and 
Texas  men. 

Bosaland  District. 

Ore  shipments  from  Rossland  district 
for  month  of  September  amounted  to 
39,651  tons,  as  compared  with  36,010  tons 
for  month  of  August.  Shipments  for  the 
year  to  October  1  aggregated  292,423  ions. 
Vancouver  Island. 

San  Francisco  men  have  taken  over  the 
sandstone  and  granite  quarries  on  New- 
castle island,  near  Nanaimo.  and  J.  D. 
Dawes  is  superintendent.  He  says  the 
company  will  start  operations  this  month, 
and  shipments  of  building  stone  made. 

Fire  broke  out  in  No.  4  mine  at  the 
Cumberland  collieries  on  the  12th  inst. 
The  fire,  which  originated  through  spon- 
taneous combustion  of  coal  dust  in  section 
11,  is  beyond  control  of  the  force  engaged 
in  fighting:  it.  All  the  miners  have  been 
taken  out  of  the  mine,  and    lines   of   hose 

laid   to   flood  out  the  section. All   the 

mule  drivers  at  the  Dunsmuir  colliery  ex- 
tension struck  last  week  because  one  of 
them  was  discharged.  It  is  expected  a 
tie-up  will  result. 

BRITISH  GUIANA. 

The  custom  house  at  Georgetown  re- 
ports the  following  mineral  exports  from 
Jan.  1  to  Sept.  8: 

GOLD. 

Ozs.      Dwts.  Grs.  Value, 

IBOn 58.484           4         15  *1,01D,311   34 

1902 66,479        11          3  1,159,775  38 

DIAMONDS. 

Carats.  Value. 

19113 6,374  5-16  153,007  39 

1902 8,084«  89,134  20 

1908.  1902. 

Kaolin 900 

CANADA. 

Ontario. 

On  the  ''Barker  belt,"  near  Wabigoon, 
a  group  of  claims  covering  500  acres  has 
been  bought  by  the  Black  Cat  M.  Co.  of 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  which  O.  M.  Bake,  P. 
S.  Briggs,  H.  H.  Hughes  et  al,  are  inter- 
ested. E.  W.  Gardiner  is  general  man- 
ager. Besides  the  above  holdings  the 
company  has  also  secured  control  of  the 
Edna  property,  in  the  upper  Manitou, 
which  has  been  developed  to  depth  of  100 
feet.  The  Black  Cat  Co.  has  also  a  group 
in  the  Lake  of  the  Woods  district,  of 
which  the  Crown  Point  mine,  adjoining 
the  Mikado,  is  the  principal. 

CHILE. 

The  Copiapo  M.  Co.,  September  10th, 
reports  production  for  the  month  of 
August  at  1000  tons  of  copper  ore,  aver- 
aging 17%  copper. 

Iquique  reports  show  the  August  pro- 
duction of  the  Santa  Rosa  mine:  Gross 
value  of  metals  extracted  from  company's 
properties,  $12,000;  leased  properties, 
$3000. 

GERMANY. 

The  exploitation  of  coal  measures  in  the 
Rhenish  -Westphalian  basin  has  nearly 
trebled  since  1895,  the  increase  in  output 
being  from  4,000,000  tons  annually  to  11,- 
000,000  tons.  The  more  important  com- 
panies are  the  Deutsche!1  Kaiser,  with  1,- 
576,000  tons;  the  Gutehoffnungshutte, 
with  1,575,000  tons;  the  Krupp,  with  1,- 
514,000  tons;  Bochum,  1,109,000  tons; 
Schalke,  898,000  tons;  the  Rhine  Steel 
Works,  810,000  tons;  and  Diflerdange, 
742,000  tons,  writes  O.  J.  Hughes,  U.  S. 
Consul-General  at  Coburg. 

MEXICO. 

According  to  official  statistics  the  num- 
ber of  mines  in  Mexico  producing  smelt- 
ing ores  at  present  is  reported  at  1190, 
divided  among  the  different  States  as 
follows: 

Aguas  Calientes 23 

Lower  California 26 


l  gg 

1 

Chihuahua..  m 

Durango.  pvj 

Guanajuato  n-j 

Guerrero.  13 

Eldalgo  in 

Jalisco.  55 

28 

Ulohoacan  gj 

rftievo  1 a  56 

Oaxaoa,  5k 

Puebla .  ,', 

Queretaro  25 

San  Luis  Potosl  50 

Slnaloa  r> 

TumuuliiKis  in 
leplo. 

Zacatecos  12s 

T..tal  |ilB|] 

The  Treasury  Department  has  issued  a 
summary  of  the  imports  and  exports  dur- 
ing the  liseal  year  1902-03,  compared  with 
values  for  1901-02,  from  which  the  follow- 
ing figures  are  taken: 

Imports — Invoice  gold  values: 

IUII2-U3.  1901-03. 

Mineral  substances                 984,014,907  121,223,548 

Machinery  and  apparatus        10,887,060  8,898  186 

Anns  and  explosives 1,796.092  1.011,605 

Exports — Declared  silver  values: 
Mineral  Products.  1902-03.  1001-02, 

Total    gold   and  silver 

I  coin  and   bars    and 

Other  formsi    $91,763,481   3!  $68,947,728  17 

Copper 20.122.338  42  10,849,834  87 

Lead 5.669,070  21  5,830,845  30 

Otbermineral  products      1,181,786  95  546,771  -25 


Total  mineral  prod.  $118,726,676  89      992,075,170  59 

The  Secretaria  de  Fomento,  during  sec- 
ond half  of  fiscal  year  ended  June  "30th 
last,  issued  1885  mining  titles,  which  cov- 
ered approximately  75,090  acres.  Adding 
these  figures  to  those  of  the  first  half 
gives  4132  titles  for  the  year  1902-03,  cov- 
ering an  area  of  153,490  acres.  The  num- 
ber of  titles  issued  during  the  fiscal  year 
1901-02  were  3007,  and  the  area  covered 
151,000  acres. 

Chihuahua. 

The  San  Diego  mine  at  Santa  Barbara, 
owned  by  the  Torreon  Smelter  Co.,  is  be- 
ing equipped  with  a  steam  hoist,  two  Cor- 
liss whims  and  other  machinery.  Seven 
shafts  are  being  sunk  on  the  main  vein, 
and  carbonate  ore  has  been  cut.  It  is  ex- 
pected shipments  will  start  next  week. 
J.  W.  Pender  of  Chihuahua  is  superin- 
tendent. 

Durango. 

E.  H.  Stanley  et  al.  of  Detroit,  Mich., 
have  organized  a  company  to  operate  a 
group  of  mines  in  Yerba  Btiena  district. 


Work  is  progressing  at  the  Huitzueo 
group  of  quicksilver  mines,  20  miles  from 
Iguala  station,  on  Cuernavaca  division  of 
Mexican  Central  railroad.  The  company 
controls  an  area  of  568  pertenencias  of 
10,000  square  meters  each.  Thirteen  of 
the  mines  have  been  opened  and  three  of 
them  are  producing.  The  main  shaft  is 
down  800  feet.  The  reduction  works,  6 
miles  from  the  mine,  consist  of  six  stacks, 
50  feet  high,  with  the  necessary  condens- 
ers, etc.     A  tram  line  transports  the  ore. 

Jalisco. 

Douglas  Lacey  &  Co.  have  organized 
the  Mexican  Exploration  and  Dev.  Co.  to 
exploit  a  group  near  Mazatlan,  adjoining 
the  Santo  Domingo  mines.  T.  H.  Selby  is 
superintendent.  Three  prospecting  shafts 
are  under  way. 

Lower   California. 

The  copper  mines  at  El  Boleo,  owned  by 
the  Rothschilds  of  Paris,  Prance,  are  re- 
ported to  have  produced  during  the  first 
six  months  of  1903  5202  tons  of  copper, 
against  4861  tons  in  the  same  period 
of  1902. 

Mexico. 

The  El  Oro  Mining  &  Railway  Co.  re- 
ports for  the  month  ending  August  31: 
The  mill  ran  31  days,  crushed  9194  tons, 
producing  from  the  new  mill  $120,354, 
and  from  the  old  cyanide  plant  $3096; 
total  production,  $123,450;  working  ex- 
penses and  development  costs,  $62,630. 
The  profit  from  the  railway  for  the  month 
was  $8723.  There  has  been  expended  on 
permanent  improvements,  including  ex- 
penditure on  new  mill,  $21,542. 
Mlchoacan. 

The  Negociacion  Minera  de  Oro  has 
been  incorporated  to  exploit  200  pertenen- 
cias of  mineral  ground  near  Morelia.  The 
ore  carries  both  free  milling  and  concen- 
trating values.  The  mine  is  the  Juape  de 
Arriba.  J.  Ambrosius  is  president  and 
general   manager,    and   C.    Kleinschmidt, 


engineer. 


Nuevo  Leon. 


Smelter  No.  2  at  Monterey  is  sending 
$100,000  in  silver  bars  monthly  to  the 
mint  in  Mexico  City  for  coinage.  Each 
bar  averages  90  pounds,  says  the  Mexican 
Investor. 

Oaxaea. 

The  Mexican-American  M.  Co.  of  Sierra 
Juarez  is  preparing  to  put  in  a  hydraulic 
plant  on  the  Socorro  river,  near  Sierra 
Juarez,  says  Modern  Mexico. 

The  Conejo  Colorado  mine  at  Taviche, 
adjoining  La  Bianca,  owned  by  St.  Louis, 


Mo.,  men.  have  made  an  addition  to  the 
mill  to  double  their  output.  The  ore  be- 
ing treated  has  value  of  $40  per  ton. 


sin    Luis  1'otoHl. 


The  Mexican  M.  &  E.  Co.  will  build  a 
cable  line,  with  a  capacity  of  1000  tons 
daily,  from  their  Asuncion  mine,  in  Mon- 
terey   district,     to    the  line  of  the  National 

Railway,  says  Modern  Mexico. 


The  Douglas  (Arizona)  Dispatch  says 
the  Esmeralda  mine.  14  miles  east  of  Cos, 
has  been  sold  lo  II.  M.  Patterson,  J.  Pear- 
heart,  and  Kronkert  &  Beard,  of  El  Paso, 
Tex.,  for  $35,000.  Manager  Pearheart 
has  started  men  on  development  work. 

The  Cerro  Azul  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated at  Nogales  to  develop  and  operate 
two  gold  properties,  30  miles  from  the 
international  line.  O.  O.  Saxhang  is  pres- 
ident, with  F.  P.  Drew,  vice-president,  and 
W.  Shuckmann,  secretary  and  treasurer. 
The  holdings  of  the  company  comprise 
twenty-two  pertenencias  in  the  foothills 
of  the  Cerro  Azul  mountains,  40  miles 
south  of  Nogales  and  15  miles  east  from 
Imuris,  on  the  Sonora  railroad.  E.  W. 
Jones  is  superintendent. 

A.  W.  Tennent,  manager  of  the  Sonora 
River  Placer  M.  Co.,  has  bought  a  copper 
property  near  San  Antonio  pass  in  Pata- 
gonia or  San  Antonio  mountains.  4  miles 
southwest  of  Loehiel,  says  the  Cananea 
Herald.  He  is  sinking  a  vertical  shaft 
and  is  putting  in  a  steam  hoist,  engine, 
boiler,  etc.  Tennent  reports  work  is 
progressing  at  the  placer  mines  of  the  So- 
nora River  Co.,  south  of  Cananea.  Men 
are  laying  pipe  and  have  700  feet  down.  A 
pump  has  been  put  in  at  the  river  and 
water  will  be  piped  to  the  claims,  700  feet 
distant.  Operations  will  begin  on  the 
claims  next  week. 

A.  Solano  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  is  re- 
ported to  have  bonded  a  group  of  gold  and 
silver  "properties  40  miles  from  Magdalena 
for  $75,000. 

D.  M.  Heller,  C.  A.  Overlook,  et  al.,  of 
Douglas,  Ariz.,  have  formed  a  company  to 
exploit  the  Santa  Rosa  gold  mine,  20  miles 
south  of  Nogales..  Twenty  men  are  at 
work  sinking  a  double  compartment  shaft. 

The  Con.  C.  Co.  at  Cananea  proposes  to 
build  an  electric  railroad  line  between 
Ronquillo  and  Cananea,  a  distance  of  2J 
miles.  The  power  will  be  furnished  by 
the  plant  just  completed  by  the  company, 
and  having  a  capacity  of  2000  H.  P.  It 
will  run  all  the  machinery  at  Cananea. 

The  Calumet  &  Yaqui  River  C.  Co.  has 
bought  the  mines  and  smelting  plant  of 
the  Venice  C.  Co.  at  Soyopo.  The  Ven- 
ice Co.  holdings  are  near  the  mines  of  the 
Calumet  and  the  plant  includes  two  50- 
ton  furnaces. 

Taniaulipas. 

The  Mexican  Petroleum  Co.,  operating 
at  El  Ebano,  near  Tampico,  has  completed 
twelve  wells,  says  President  Doheny,  with 
a  combined  production  of  20,000  barrels 
per  month.  The  company  is  operating 
10  kilometers  (6.2  miles)  of  standard  gauge 
railroad,  using  an  oil-burning  locomotive. 
They  are  shipping  asphaltum. 

Vera  Cruz. 

H.  A.  Carner  of  New  York  City,  N.  Y., 
and  W.  J.  Crittenden  of  Mexico  City  re- 
port having  lpcated  deposits  of  bitumen 
in  the  interior  of  Vera  Cruz,  which  will 
be  developed  by  the  Pan-American  Co.  of 
New  York,  of  which  Carner  is  president 
and  manager. 

PERU. 

The  Caylloma  Silver  Co.,  at  Caylloma, 
reports  its  production  for  the  month  of 
August:  Fine  silver  in  export  ores  28,000 
ounces,  and  fine  silver  in  bullion  14,000 
ounces. 

RUSSIA. 

In  the  Caucasus  mountains  antimony 
ore  is  reported  found,  containing  J  ounce 
to  1}  ounce  gold  per  ton,  which  contents 
cover  mining  expenses  for  the  antimony. 
New  copper  fields  are  reported  being 
opened  up  in  the  Caucasus,  and  assays 
show  average  of  9%  copper  and  |  ounce 
gold. 

SPAIN. 

Statistics  compiled  by  the  Revista 
Minera  show  the  mineral  exports  from 
Spain  during1  the  first  six  months  of  1903 
included  68,340  tons  of  zinc  ore,  1038  tons 
of  spelter,  1451  tons  of  lead  ore  and  76,835 
tons  of  pig-  lead. 

TASMANIA. 

The  Mount  Lyell  M.  &  R.  Co.,  at  Mount 
Lyell,  reports  from  Aug.  20  to  Sept.  16, 
inclusive,  24,852  tons  of  ore  treated,  being 
20,820  tons  from  the  Mount  Lyell  mine 
and  4032  tons  from  the  North  Lyell  mine. 
In  addition  to  the  above,  there  were 
treated  2115  tons  of  metal-bearing  fluxes. 
The  converters  produced  during'  the  same 
period  472  tons  of  blister  copper,  contain- 
ing: Copper,  467  tons;  silver,  42, 785  ounces; 
gold,   1571   ounces.     Reduction   in   blister 


copper  output  principally  owing  to  limita- 
tion placed  on  underground  extraction  at 
North  Mount  Lye]]  mine  by  present  labor 
disturbance.  The  mine  has  been  working 
only  two  shifts  instead  of  three,  and  draw- 
ing partly  from  surface  workings,  which 
are  of  lower  grade. 


**********************  *  ***« 

*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received,     f 

*  ? 

************  *<|i^.j..T-'rf*1-1;|^'Hi  *"*•** 

Catalogue  "  D  "  of  the  Minneapolis  Steel 
&  Machinery  Co.,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  is 
an  exhaustive  .treatise  on  elevator  and 
power  transmission  machinery. 

Catalogue  No.  8,  from  the  Colorado  Iron 
Works  Co..  Denver.  Colo.,  describes  and 
illustrates  in  vignette,  and  also  sectional 
drawing,  their  new  patented  impact 
screen  for  screening  and  sizing  wet  or  dry- 
ores  from  4  to  80  mesb. 

If  the  Christy  Box  Car  Loader  Co.'s 
machine  is  as  good  as  their  catalogue,  it  is 
an  efficient  device,  for  their  descriptive 
matter  therein  is  a  fine  showing  of  what 
they  make.  Their  headquarters  are  811 
Equitable  Building,  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 

"The  Whole  Story  About  Wood  Pipe  " 
is  the  title  of  an  84-page  trade  treatise  from 
theNational  Wood  PipeCo.. which  is  copy- 
righted. It  gives  good  argument  for  the 
use  of  wood  pipe,  shows  how  it  can  be 
used,  gives  prices,  testimonials,  formula? 
and  technical  tables,  the  whole  being 
finely  illustrated  by  half-tones  and  line 
engravings.  It  can  be  had  from  the 
National  Wood  Pipe  Co.,  Sixth  &  Mateo 
Streets,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  or  301  Market 
Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

"Steam  Power  Plants  of  the  Pacific 
Coast"  is  an  unusually  fine  trade  treatise 
from  Chas.  C.  Moore  &  Co.,  engineers,  63 
First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  finely  por- 
traying many  plants,  buildings  and  en- 
gineering constructions  on  the  Pacific, 
coast,  including  office  buildings,  industrial 
works,  railway  construction,  electrical 
installations,  etc.,  in  which  the  engineer- 
ing firm  of  Chas.  C.  Moore  &  Co.  fur- 
nished the  power  equipment.  The  little 
volume,  which  is  a  typographic,  gem,  fur- 
nishes fine  views  of  many  prominent  pri- 
vate and  public  enterprises  of  recent 
construction,  and  apart  from  the  commer- 
cial feature,  it  forms  a  good  exponent  of 
such  Pacific  coast  development.  The 
latter  portion  is  devoted  to  illustrated  de- 
scription of  machinery  furnished  and  in- 
stalled by  Chas.  C.  Moore  &  Co. 


Books  Received. 


*************************** 

* 
*■ 
«• 

*  *■ 

"The  Mineral  Industry,  Its  Statistics, 
Technology  and  Trade,  for  1903, "has 
been  received.  This  is  the  eleventh  an- 
nual volume  of  this  valuable  publication, 
which  has  become  familiar  to  all  mining 
men.  It  treats  of  all  mineral  products, 
both  metallic  and  non-metallic,  and  of  the 
methods  by  which  these  are  mined  and 
reduced  to  merchantable  forms.  It  deals 
with  many  mining  and  metallurgical 
problems  in  a  scientific  and  practical  way, 
and  these  chapters  give  the  volumes  of 
the  "Mineral  Industry"  a  far  greater 
value  than  any  work  compiled  for  statisti- 
cal purposes  only.  The  chapters  on  cop- 
per smelting,  pyritic  smelting  and  on 
electro-chemical  metallurgy,  each  by  a 
specialist  in  his  line,  are  particularly  in- 
structive and  valuable.  Price,  $5.  The 
Engineering  and  Mining  Journal,  New 
York  and  London. 


*************************** 


Obituary. 


J.  W.  Hor.BROOK,  a  pioneer  miner  of 
Wadsworth,  Nev.,  and  Deputy  United 
States  Marshal,  died  at  Wadsworth.  on 
the  4th  inst.,  after  an  extended  illness. 
Deceased  was  a  native  of  Maine,  sixty-five 
years  of  age.  . 

J.  Jury,  a  pioneer  miner  of  Eureka 
Co.,  Nev.,  died  at  Ruby  Hill,  September 
30.  He  was  injured  by  a  cave-in  in  the 
Eureka  Con.  mine  last  January,  this  being  . 
the  ultimate  cause  of  his  death,  as  other 
complications  set  in.  He  went  to  Eureka 
county  from  Cornwall,  England,  in  1876. 
He  is  survived  by  a  wife  and  four  sons. 

De  F.  H,  Andrews,  a  pioneer  min- 
ing man  of  Colorado  and  Idaho,  died 
at  Boise,  Idaho,  on  the  3rd  inst.  of  con- 
gestion of  the  lungs.  Deceased  was  horn 
in  Iowa,  May,  1841;  went  to  Colorado  while 
a  young  man  and  engaged  in  mining  and 
the  real  estate  business,  and  was  Mayor  of 
the  town'of  Bald  Mountain,  Colo,,  for  sev- 
eral terms.     He  went  to  Boise,  Idaho,  in 


263 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  17,  1903. 


1889,  and  at  the  time  of  death  was  inter- 
ested in  Thunder  Mountain  mines.  He 
was  a  candidate  for  Governoi*  at  the  last 
State  election.  He  is  survived  by  a  wife 
and  several  children. 


ST  TTTVvVVVVVwwVIITVIVVwvTTV'vllo 


PERSONAL. 


Superintendent  R.  B.  Stanford 
has  returned  from  the  East  to  Columbia, 
Cal. 

C.  W.  Jenks  is  in  charge  of  the  Queen 
Esther  mines  at  Mojave,  Cal.,  vice  Lund, 
resigned. 

Chas.  Wier  has  resigned  the  manager- 
ship of  the  Yellow  Aster  M.  &  M.  Co.,  at 
Randsburg,  Cal. 

J.  S.  McBride  of  North  San  Juan,  Cal., 
interested  in  Nevada  county  mines,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

G.  K.  Fischer  has  resigned  as  manager 
of  the  smelter  of  the  United  States  M.  Co. 
at  Bingham,  Utah. 

J.  D.  Spargo  succeeds  C.  A.  Stevens 
as  general  superintendent  Gold  Roads  M. 
Co.,  Acme,  Arizona. 

John  Hupp,  of  Victor,  Colo.,  is  man- 
ager of  the  Jackson  G.  M.  Co.,  in  Cripple 
Creek  district,  Colo. 

W.  Sharwood  has  returned  to  the 
Soulsby  mine  at  Soulsbyville,  Cal.,  from 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  A.  Jester  is  superintendent  of  the 
Southern  Nevada  M.  Co.  at  Searchlight, 
Lincoln  county,  Nev. 

G.  A.  Carter  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
to  get  a  filter  press  and  cyanide  plant  for 
the  I  X  L  mine,  Sumpter,  Or. 

F.  W.  Daniell  is  in  Lordsburg,  Grant 
county,  N.  M.,  from  New  York,  to  take 
charge  of  the  Aberdeen  M.  Co. 

J.  R.  Gippord  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
is  now  general  manager  of  the  Chihuahua 
M.  Co.,  Choix,  Sinaloa,  Mexico. 

A.  S.  Elmorb,  of  London,  Eng.,  in- 
ventor of  the  Elmore  oil  process  of  ore 
concentration,  is  in  Rossland,  B.  C. 

W.  L.  Cobb,  E.  M.,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  gone  to  Kern  county,  Cal.,  to  in- 
spect mines  40  miles  east  of  Caliente. 

John  Ross  Jr.,  superintendent  of  the 
Wildman-Mahoney  M.  Co.  at  Sutter 
Creek,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

G.  A.  Warts  of  Cripple  Creek,  Colo., 
is  manager  of  the  Stratton  Cripple  Creek 
M.  &  D.  Co.,  vice  W.  G.  Rice,  deceased. 

J.  F.  Halloran  is  assistant  superin- 
tendent of  the  Portland  mine,  Independ- 
ence, Colo.,  vice  F.  L.  Smale,  promoted. 

J.  E.  Stevenson,  operating  mines  at 
Gavalana,  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  has  gone 
on  a  six  weeks'  visit  to  Utah  and  Cali- 
fornia. 

R.  G.  HlNKSON  is  superintendent  of  the 
Buena  Vista  smelter  at  Buena  Vista,  Chaf- 
fee Co.,  Colorado,  vice  B.  F.  Morley,  de- 
ceased. 

D.  J.  Duncan  is  assistant  manager  of 
the  Hays  Con.  M.,  M.  &  L.  Co.  at  Camp 
Hays,  in  the  Pinto  mountains,  Sonora, 
Mexico. 

Horace  F.  Brown  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  an  examination  of 
coal  and  iron  mines  on  Cape  Breton  Island, 
Canada. 

E.  R.  Whitmarsh  of  Colorado  Springs, 
Colo.,  is  manager  of  the  Pharmacist  Con. 
M.  Co.,  operating  in  Cripple  Creek  dis- 
trict, Colo. 

E.  W.  Morse  is  manager  of  the  For- 
tunate G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating  the 
New  Haven  group  near  Rollinsville,  Gilpin 
county,  Colo. 

A.  C.  Harmon,  manager  of  the  Penn 
Chemical  Works,  operating  copper  mines 
at  Campo  Seco,  Calaveras  county,  Cal.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

C.  A.  Bailey,  president  of  the  Central 
Con.  M.  Co.,  has  returned  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  from  a  trip  to  their  mines 
near  Grass  Valley,  Cal. 

J.  T.  McClanahan  of  Boonville,  Mo., 
is  president  and  manager  of  the  Bertha 
G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operationg  in  Idaho 
Springs  district.  Colorado. 

J.  D.  Dawes  is  superintendent  of  the 
sandstone  and  granite  quarries  on  New- 
castle Island,  near  Nanaimo,  B.  C,  owned 
by  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  men. 

Superintendent  Holbrook  and 
Manager  McLaughlin  of  the  Horse- 
shoe M.  Co.  of  Deadwood,  S.  D.,  are  in 
the  East  on  company  business. 

W.  J.  Sutherland,  owner  of  the 
Alaska    Perseverance    and    Greek    Boy 


mines,  near  Juneau,  Alaska,  has  returned 
there  from  a  trip  to  London,  Eng. 

J.  E.  Beveridge  has  resigned  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Century  M.  Co.  's  mines 
and  mill  in  Park  valley,  Box  Elder  county, 
Utah,  and  is  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

J.  C.  Driscoll,  recently  superintend- 
ent of  the  Silver  Shield  mine,  Bingham, 
Utah,  is  superintendent  of  the  La  Reine 
mine,  near  Eureka,  Juab  county,  Utah. 

ROSS  E.  Browne,  E.  M.,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  accompanied  by  his  wife  and 
son  and  J.  D.  and  K.  F.  Hoffmann,  left 
this  week  for  Johannesburg,  South  Africa. 

Stephen  Thomas,  who  for  years  was 
foreman  of  the  Mahoney  mine  at  Sutter 
Creek,  Cal.,  has  gone  to  Nova  Scotia  as 
mine  foreman  of  a  gold  mine  near  Halifax. 

W.  J.  Adams,  E.  M.,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  is  conducting  a  series  of  metallurgi- 
cal experiments  in  the  mining  laboratory 
of  the  State  University  at  Berkeley,  Cal. 

E.  C.  Thurston,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  gone  to  mines  near  Mojave,  San 
Bernardino  county,  Cal.,  to  make  mine 
inspections  and  metallurgical  experi- 
ments. 

J.  A.  Jeffery  of  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  is 
superintendent  of  the  South  Yuba  M.  & 
Dev.  Co.,  operating  near  Omega,  Nevada 
county,  Cal.,  vice  C.  W.  Porterfield  re- 
signed. 

C.  T.  Durrell,  former  manager  of  the 
Whiskey  Gulch  &  Spotted  Horse  mine,  in 
Fergus  county,  Mont.,  is  manager  of  the 
Chicago-Montana  G.  M.  Co.  at  Lewis- 
town,  Mont. 

F.  M.  KURRIE,  for  several  years  chief 
engineer  of  the  Portland  mine  at  Inde- 
pendence, Cripple  Creek  district,  Colo., 
has  been  appointed  assistant  general  man- 
ager of  the  company. 

C.  W.  Porterpield  of  Nevada  City, 
Cal.,  has  resigned  as  superintendent  of  the 
South  Yuba  M.  &  Dev.  Co.,  operating 
near  Omega,  Nevada  county,  Cal.,  to  go 
to  El  Dorado  county. 

R.  B.  Lamb,  metallurgist,  has  gone  to 
Kern  county,  Cal.,  from  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  to  take  charge  of  erection  and  oper- 
ation of  a  stamp  mill  at  the  Piute  mine, 
40  miles  east  of  Caliente. 

D.  T.  Parker,  metallurgist,  and  C.  E. 
Jamison,  chief  chemist,  at  the  Ohio  & 
Colorado  smelter,  Salida,  Colo.,  have 
opened  an  assay  office  and  laboratory  at 
1721  Champa  street,  Denver,  Colo. 

Herbert  Haas  is  now  smelter  super- 
intendent for  the  Great  Western  Gold 
Co.,  Redding,  Cal.  He  will  start  the  erec- 
tion of  a  175-ton  copper  smelter,  with 
sampling  works,  at  the  Afterthought 
property,  near  there. 

W.  G.  Phipps  has  resigned  the  super- 
intendency  of  the  Jno.  Royal  mine,  Co- 
lumbia, Cal.,  to  take  charge  of  the  Shady 
Run  mine,  Shady  Run,  Placer  county, 
Cal.  A.  E.  Baier  is  now  mine  foreman. 
The  company  will  enlarge  the  mill  and 
put  in  a  new  cyanide  plant. 

P.  H.  TYLER,  a  pioneer  American  miner 
in  the  Philippines,  left  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  this  week  for  the  gold  mining  prop- 
erty of  himself  and  associates  in  the  prov- 
ince of  Benguet,  about  175  miles  north  of 
Manila,  where  he  has  a  free  milling  gold 
property  in  successful  operation.  His 
mission  in  San  Francisco  was  to  secure 
suitable  machinery,  which  he  takes  with 
him,  this  being  stated  by  him  to  be  the 
first  consignment  of  such  American  min- 
ing machinery  to  the  Philippines.  Mr. 
Tyler  says  the  possible  mineral  develop- 
ment of  the  islands  is  attractive,  and  that 
large  numbers  of  Australian  miners  are 
taking  advantage  of  such  possibilities. 


•»  * 

%  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

St  if  if.***  ij.q.jf.if.tf.if.ij.t;.  .T..r.,T..».i;-..;..;..;-..r.  if.if,.f.  s 

The  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.  of 
Denver,  Colo.,  have  an  order  for  fourteen 
Wilfley  concentrating  tables  to  be  shipped 
to  the  Honerine  mine,  Stockton,  Utah, 
for  their  new  mill,  now  in  the  course  of 
erection. 

The  Mine  &  Smelter  Supply  Co.,  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  have  an  order  for  forty-three 
Wilfley  concentrating  tables  from  the 
Calumet  &  Hecla  M.  Co.  of  Michigan. 
The  Calumet  &  Hecla  Co.  already  had  a 
number  of  the  Wilfley  tables  in  their 
mills. 

The  C.  O.  Bartlett  &  Snow  Co.,  Cleve- 
land, Ohio,  report  a  number  of  orders  re- 
ceived for  dryers  to  dry  concentrates; 
among  others  they  have  lately  shipped 
one  to  the  Wood  &  Swart  Co.,  Denver, 
Colo.;  one  to  the  Payne  Con.  M.  Co., 
Sandon,  B.  C,  and  to  the  Hanna  M.  &  M. 
Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

G.  W.  Meyers   has   returned   to   San  I 


Francisco,  Cal.,  from  a  business  trip 
through  southern  California  mines  and 
reports  placing  a  number  of  orders  for 
Chrome  steel  shoes,  dies,  etc.  The 
Chrome  Steel  Works  at  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
has  its  new  plant  in  operation,  including 
a  hydraulic  press  for  making  shoes  and 
dies. 

The  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  Engineers'  Club 
held  the  first  meeting  of  the  season  on  the 
evening  of  October  8th.  Besides  the  usual 
formal  business,  a  very  interesting  paper, 
entitled,  "A  History  of  Pumps,  Ancient 
and  Modern,"  was  read  by  J.  A.  Drew  of 
the  Worthington  Co.  Mr.  Drew  sketched 
the  development  of  pumping  machines 
from  the  early  Egyptian  ' '  Noria, ' '  resem- 
bling the  familiar  well  sweep,  to  the  latest 
triple  expansion,  condensing,  water  works 
pumping  engines,  requiring  little  more 
than  a  pound  of  coal  per  horse  power  hour. 
The  paper  was  illustrated  by  a  large  num- 
ber of  lantern  slides. 


Latest  riarket  Reports. 

San  Francisco,  October  16,  1903. 


METALS. 

Silver. — Per  oz.,  Troy:  London,  28Jd 
(standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New  York,  bar 
silver,  OOijc,  refined  (1000  fine):  San  Fran- 
cisco, 60Jc;  Mexican  dollars,  48@50c  San 
Francisco,  461c  New  York. 

During  the  past  week  silver  has  gone 
above  60  cents  for  the  first  time  in  several 
years.  The  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  of 
the  War  Department  has  announced  that 
it  would  make  no  further  purchases  of 
silver  •  for  Philippine  coins.  It  was  in- 
tended to  coin  about  $25,000,000  worth  of 
silver,  but  word  has  come  from  Governor 
Taft  that  with  the  amount  on  hand  and 
on  the  way,  together  with  the  legalized 
Spanish  silver,  there  will  be  enough  for 
the  needs  of  the  islands.  There  are  now 
in  the  islands  or  on  the  way  $17,900,000  in 
new  silver  coins,  and  about  $1,000,000 
more  in  this  country  ready  for  shipment. 
The  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  denied  that 
it  purchased  $1,000,000  worth  of  silver  on 
the  15th  Inst.,  as  reported,  and  that  on  the 
contrary  it  refused  to  purchase  400,000 
ounces  at  60.44.  War  Department  officials 
predict  that  with  the  Philippines  out  of 
the  market  as  purchaser  of  silver  the  price 
of  that  metal  will  decline. 

Copper.— New  York:  Standard,  $13.25; 
Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $13.25;  Electrolytic,  1 
to  3  casks,  $13,124;  Casting,  1  to  3  casks, 
$12.75;  San  Francisco:  $15.00.  Mill  cop- 
per plates,  $17.00;  bars,  18@24c.  London: 
£54  5s  spot  per  ton. 

The  copper  situation  remains  practically 
unchanged,  though  the  price  is  a  fraction 
lower  than  last  week. 

The  following  figures  are  of  German 
consumption  of  foreign  copper  for  the 
months  of  January-August,  1903,  com- 
pared with  the  same  period  of  1902  and 
1901: 

1903.  1902.  1901. 

Tons.  Tons.  Tous. 

Imports., 56,094  54,643  44,539 

Exports 6,964  6,118  6,417 

Consumption 49,130  48,525  38,122 

Lead.  —  New  York,  $4.50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco, $4.50,  carload  lots;  4ijc  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6$,  sheet  7,  bar  5^c;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  f,  long  ton. 

Spelter.— New  York,  $6.00;  St.  Louis, 
$5.00:  London,  £20  5s  f,  ton;  San  Fran- 
cisco, ton  lots,  6Je;  100-lb.  lots,  7c. 

Tin.— New  York,  pig,  $25.80  @  25.90; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  28c;  500  lbs.,  28Jc; 
200  lbs.,  291c;  less,  30c;  bar  tin,  f)  fb.,  30@ 
32c.     London,  £115  5s. 

Platinum.  —  San  Francisco,  crude. 
$18.00  floz.:  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  fi 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75  @  80c  B 
gram. 

Quicksilver.  —  New  York,  $46.00® 
47.00,  large  lots;  London,  £8  7s  6d;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $43@44  "$  flask  of  761  lbs.; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $42.50@43.00. 

Babbitt  Metal.— San  Francisco,  No. 
1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  61c;  extra,  171c: 
genuine,  35c:  Eclipse,  371c. 

Solder.  —  Half-and-half,  100-lb.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-fb. 
lots,  15.50c. 

Zinc — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  $  lb., 
50e;  dust,  fs  lb.,  10c;  sulphate,  f,  ft>.,  .04c. 

Nickel.— New  York,  50@60e  $  *>•!  ton 
lots,  40@47c. 

Aluminum. — New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c:  No.  2,  90%,  30@34c. 

Antimony.  —  New  York,  Cookson's, 
7]c;  Halletfs,  61c;  San  Francisco,  1000-fb. 
lots,  8c;  300®500-lbs.,  81c;  100-lb.  lots,  101c. 

STRUCTURAL    MATERIALS. 

Iron. — Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $16.85 
@17.35;  gray  forge,  $15.35;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  $  lb.,  3}c  in  small  quantities. 

Steel.  —  Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30.00 ;    San    Francisco,   bar,    7c   to  12c 


Lumber.  —  (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher: 
redwood,  $28.00(5)30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.50 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $15.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
@35.00. 

Nails.— Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45:  Cut,  $3.35;  8d  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.50;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

Lime. — Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  f>  bbl. 

Cement.—  Imported,  $2.50@2.75  f, bbl.; 
California  carload  lots,  $2.25  f.  o.  b.  at 
works;  small  lots,  $2.50  H  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

Coal.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8.00;  Cumberland,  $13.00;  Cannel, 
$8.50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00:  Rock 
Springs,  $8.50,  long  ton;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13.00  in  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

Powder. — F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No. 
1,  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  lb.,  in  carload 
lots,  15Jc:  less  than  one  ton,  17jc.  No.  1*, 
60°',;,  carload  lots,  13Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
151c.  No.  1**  50%  carload  lots,  lljjc;  less 
than  one  ton,  13Jc.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c:  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  91c;  less  than  one  ton. 
111c.  No.  2s*  30%",  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
in  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2.00  per  keg. 

Caps.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10:  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00:  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

Candles. — Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s.,  lie 
f,  set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

Oils. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  49c:  cs., 
54c;  raw,  bbl.,v47c;  cs.,  52c:  Lucol  oil 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs.,  49c:  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cs.,  47c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  21c; 
Astral,  21c;  Star,  21c;  Extra  Star,  25c: 
Eocene,  24c;  Elaine,  27c;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  141c;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
181c;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs.,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs.,  261c;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  231c;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  271c;"63°  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  in  cs.,  191c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  85c;  cs.,  90c;  Neats-foot  Oil,  pure, 
1)1)1..  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude,  50@60c; 
Natural  White,  70c;  Bleached,  do.,  75c; 
Whale  Oil,  cs.,  50((i55c. 

Chemicals.  —  Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24e  1  fb.;  carloads, 
23(n)231c;  in  tins,  30c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  $  100 
lbs.;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  3@3Jcperlb.; 
caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3Jc  <jp,  lb.:  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40fi  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13e;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c 
in  40-11).  tins;  roll  sulphur,  21@2|c;  pow- 
dered sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur, 
French,  3J@31c;  -alum,  $2.00@2.25;  Cali- 
fornia refined,  lf@2c;  sulphide  of  iron,  8c 
H  lb.;  copper  sulphate,  5J@5ijc;  chloride  of 
lime,  spot,  $2.50@2.75;  sulphuric  acid,  in 
carboys,  66%  B,  l|@2c  $  t>. ;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  fy  lb. 

Bone  Ash.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  B  &• 
No.  1,  4@5c. 

White  Lead. — Per  lb.,  in  kegs:  500  lbs. 
and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft>.,  6c;  less 
than  500  lbs.,  per  fb.,  7c;  in  25-lb.  tin  pails, 
Jc  p",  lb.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5-lb  tin 
cans,  100  lbs.  per  case,  £c.  Per  S>-  above 
keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1  ton  and 
over,  6c:  do.  in  kegs,  61c. 

Red  Lead. — 500  lbs.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  $  tt>.,  61c;  less  than  500  lbs.,   7c. 

Litharge. — Pure,  in  25-1 
$». 

Borax. — Concentrated,  6@7c  $  lb;  pow- 
dered, 8@10c;  fused,  20@25c;  crystal,  7c; 
calcined,  25c. 

Manganese. — Pure,  B  ">■!  60c. 

Sodium.— Metal,  B  *>•>  $1-00. 

Bismuth. — Subnitrate,  $  lb.,  $1.75. 

Chromium.— 90%  and  over,  B  lb.,  $1.00. 

Phosphorus. — American,  $  lb.,  75c. 

Silver.— Chloride,  fl  oz.,  90c@$1.00: 
nitrate,  55c. 

Aluminum. — No.  1.,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  f,  fb.;  100  lbs.,  35c:  10U0  lbs,  34c;  ton  lots 
and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%. 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

Uranium.— Oxide,  ?,  lb..  $3.50. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


Whole  No.  2257. 


_ VOLUME  LXXXVI1. 
Number    17. 


San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Saturday,  October  24,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


Two  Noted  Black  Hills  Mines. 


Ten  miles  southeast  from  Deadwood  on  Elk  creek, 
Lit  the  town  of  Roubaix,  is  located  the  Uncle  Sam 
mine  ni>w  owned  and  operated  by  the  Clover  Loaf 
i;,  M.  Co.  This  property  is  reached  via  the  Black 
Hills  &  Fort  Pierre  railway,  now  owned  by  the  Bur- 
Bgton  route. 

The  mine  was  discovered  in  1878  by  two  prospectoi  s, 
who  were  out  on  a  "  grub  stake."  The  ore  was  rich 
in  free  gold,  and  enough  was  pounded  out  in  a  hand 
mortar  to  pay  for  the  construction  of  a  mill  of  one 
Stamp,  operated  by  horse  power.  With  this  in  op- 
eration the  owners  were  soon  able  to  buy  a  15-stamp 
mill,  which  was  also  operated  successfully  for  some 
time,  when  the  property  was  sold  to  Deadwood  men, 
who  continued  to  work  it  until  sold  to  the  Diamond 
Match  Co.  of  Michigan,  who  built  a  60-stamp  mill, 
-pent  a  large  amount  of  money,  and  after  an  unsuc- 
cessful career  closed  the  mine  down,  being  unable  to 
handle  the  heavy  flow  of  water  with  the  pumping 
plant  then  at  the  mine.  The  present  owners  have 
the  mine  open  to  a  depth  of  700  feet,  and  levels  open 
at  41)11,  500  and  GOO  feet,  and  are  drifting  on  the  700- 
foot  level  to  the  vein.  Below  the  400-foot  level  the 
vein,  which  has  been  pitching  at  an  angle  of  about 
45°.  has  become  almost  vertical.  On  the  600-foot 
level  they  have  drifted  200  feet,  all  in  ore,  that  has 
averaged  in  the  mill  about  $10  per  ton.  The  ore  is 
free  milling.  The  extraction  from  amalgamation  is 
from  00%  to  93%.  leaving  so  little  value  in  the  tail- 
ings that  so  far  they  have  not  found  it  profitable  to 
attempt  to  treat  the  tailings,  although  they  have 
made  experiments  on  them.  The  mill  contains  sixty 
stamps,  and  are  running  thirty  at  present,  and  will 
gradually  increase  as  development  work  warrants. 
They  mine  $4  ore  at  a  profit.  Coal  costs  $4  per  ton 
delivered  at  the  plant.  They  pay  miners  on  machine 
drills  $3.50  for  ten  hours.  In  exceedingly  wet  places, 
or  in  the  shaft,  they  work  three  shifts.  Top  men  get 
from  $2.50  to  $3 ;  mill  men,  $3.50  and  $4  per  day  of 
twelve  hours  ;  engineers  on  the  hoist,  $4  for  eight 
hours.  They  are  working  from  fifty  to  seventy  men. 
S.  W.  Russell  is  vice-president  and  O.  B.  Amsden, 
superintendent.  One  of  the  accompanying  illustra- 
tions is  that  of  the  Clover  Leaf  surface  plant. 

The  Clover  Leaf  illustrates  one  of  the  peculiarities 
of  vein  formation  in  the  schists  of  the  Black  Hills. 
Ordinarily  ore  bodies  in  schistose  or  slaty  rocks  con- 
form approximately,  at  least,  to  the  general  trend  of 
the 'rocks  within  which  they  occur;  but  in  the  case  of 
the  Clover  Leaf  the  quartz  ore  body  assumes  a  form 
likened  to  a  saddle,  with  its  apex  striking  N.  64°  W. 
and  pitching  to  the  southeast  at  an  angle  of  40°.     In 


Clover  Leaf  Hoist  and  Mill,  Rubiax,  S.  D. 


horizontal  section  the  ore  body  assumes  the  form 
of  the  letter  U,  the  branches  flaring  outward 
slightly. 

The  Hidden  Fortune  mine  :  This  property  com- 
prises a  group  of  mines  on  the  divide  between  Dead- 
wood  Gulch  and  Gold  Run  and  east  of  Poorman  gulch. 
The  nearest  town  is  Central  City.  Some  of  the  mines 
were  opened  in  the  early  history  of  the  country 
(1876-78),  the  most  noted  being  the  Bingham  and 
Cheyenne  claims.  Although  there  were  large  bodies 
of  gold  ore  exposed  in  the  workings,  the  property  did 
not  attract  much  attention  until  1899,  when  the  prin- 
cipal owner,  Otto  Grantz,  in  searching  for  wolframite, 
found  abundance  of  free  gold  in  the 
quartzite  sheet  capping  one  of  the 
hills.  In  less  than  sixty  days,  it  is 
reported,  he  shipped  nearly  $57,000 
to  Colorado  smelters.  Much  of  the 
gold  occurred  in  ragged  sheets,  hav- 
ing  been  deposited    in   the    jointing 


planes  of  the  rock.  The  company  has  extensively 
developed  the  property  and  has  built  a  60-stamp  mill 
(see  accompanying  illustration)  about  4  miles  from  the 
mine,  inWhitewood  gulch,  below  Deadwood,  where  the 
low-grade  ores  will  be  treated  by  amalgamation  and 
cyanidation.  The  Hidden  Fortune  property  is  one  of 
the  few  where  ore  is  mined  from  both  the  schists  and 
the  overlying  sedimentary  beds.  The  ore  from  the 
former  is  classed  as  free  milling,  the  gold  occurring 
native  and  with  pyrite,  but  in  the  overlying  Cambrian 
rocks  the  gold  is  usually  associated  with  tellurium, 
and,  not  satisfactorily  amenable  to  amalgamation, 
are  treated  by  cyanidation  and  barrel  chlorination. 


Hidden  Fortune  Mill,  Deadwood,  S.  D. 


Hydraulic  Elevator,  Dillon,  Colo.    (See  page  267/ 


265 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS. 


ESTABLISHED  i860. 


Published   Every  Saturday   at   330    Market  Street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Telephone,  Davis  771. 


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J.  F.  HALLORAN Publisher 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  OCTOBER  24,   1903. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


ILLUSTRATIONS:  Page. 

Clover  Leal  Hoist  and  Mill,  Rubiax,  S.  D 264 

Hidden  Fortune  Mill,  Deadwood,  S.  D 264 

Hydraulic  Elevator,  Dillon,  Colo 261 

Undercurrent  in  Oregon  Placer  Mine .- 267 

Method  of  Drilling  in  Heading 268 

Holes  for  Key  Block  and  Curtains 268 

Electric  Exploder 268 

All  Ready  to  Blast  Out  Key  Rock- 268 

Ready  to  Blast  Curtain  Walls     268 

For  Final  Blast * , 268 

In  Position  to  Blast  Curtain  Walls  and  Sides 268 

Connecting  Up  and  Firing  a  Series  of  Holes  in  Open  Quarry  Work. 268 

Arrangement  Alaska  Gold  Mill .' 269 

Section  Through  Center  of  Cyanide  Building 269 

Home  Made  Oil  Filter 270 

Convenient  Mine  Switch 270 

Ore  Treatment  Chart  of  the  Rand 272 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 274 

EDITORIAL: 

Two  Noted  Black  Hills  Mines 2f4 

Possibilities  of  Modern  Engineering 265 

Shaft  Construction  and  Inspection 265 

The  Alaska  Boundary  Fixed 265 

The  California  Miners'   Association 265 

Thawing  of  Dynamite 2C5 

MINING  SUMMARY 275-276-277-278-279 

LATEST  MARKET  REPORTS 280 

MISCELLANEOUS: 

Concentrates 266 

.  A  Number  Scheme  for  Mines 267 

Undercurrents  for  Saving  Flour  Gold  and  Platinum  Sands 267 

A  Colorado  Placer  Mine 267 

The  Machine  Drill  in  Mining 268 

Milling  on  Douglas  Island.  Alaska 268 

The  Metallurgy  of  the  Homestake  Ore ,.. . 269 

To  "  Square  a  Circle  ". .' .- '. 269 

Electricity  in  Gold  Extraction 270 

Home  Made  Oil-Filter-. .-...-.-      .        . 270 

A  Convenient  Mine  Switch 270 

Electrical  Furnace  Experiments 270 

Cyanide  Plant  and  Practice  at  Ymir  Mine,  British  Columbia 271 

Gold  Reduction  Plant  on  the  Rand 271 

Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins 273 

Geology -of  El  Oro  District.  Mexico 273 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 274 

Personal  . .'.:. . . : 279 

Commercial  Paragraphs ■. 279 

Obituary 279 

Catalogues  Received 279 

New  Patents. •■■■ 280 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents , 280 


Possibilities  of  Modern  Engineering. 

When  Henry  Meiggs  built  the  first  Peruvian  rail- 
road it  was  looked  upon  as  one  of  the  most  daring 
feats  ofengineering  ever  accomplished  or  attempted. 
Seemingly  insurmountable  obstacles  were  overcome, 
and  modern'  railroad  engineers  have  since  followed 
some  of  Meiggs'  ideas  in  construction  through  moun- 
taiuous  regions,  until  to-day  there  are  few  engineer- 
ing problems  in  mountain  railway  building  which  are 
not  approached  with  confidence  by  the  engineer.  The 
proposal  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  however,  to 
tunnel  from  Jersey  City  under  the  Hudson  river,  the 
city  of  New  York,  the  East  river  and  a  portion  of 
Brooklyn,  Long  Island,  is  one  of  the  modern  attempts 
at  engineering  that  is  attracting  the  attention  of 
engineers  everywhere.  Essentially  a  mining  propo- 
sition, it  involves  much  more  than  is  usually  contem- 
plated in  tunneling.  It  is  a  difficult  and  expensive 
undertaking  to  tunnel  under  a  great  river,  a  mile  in 
width,  through  the  most  treacherous  material  known 
to  engineers — silt,  saturated  with  water,  and  far  dif- 
ferent from  driving  an  excavation  through  a  moun- 
tain, where  the  material  is  hard  rock.  In  the  latter 
case  the  cost  can  be  arrived  at  with  approximate 
accuracy,  but  in  the  driving  of  a  tunnel .  through  soft 
mud  there  are  involved  elements  of  uncertainty  and 
of  difficulty  not  found  in  other  classes  of  tunneling. 
It  is  roughly  estimated  that  the  cost  of  this  work  will 
approach  $50,000,000,  and  it  may  exceed  that  sum, 
but  as  the  traffic  of  the  railroad  appears  to  demand 
it  the  construction  of  this  sub-river  tunnel  has  been 
commenced  and  is  progressing.  Similar  attempts 
have  been  previously  made,  but  after  months  of  diffi- 
cult work  and  unsuccessful  effort  the  project  has 
been  abandoned.  The  present  work,  however,  is  well 
under  way.  A  -great  amount  of  steel  and  concrete 
will  be  used  in  the  construction,    and  different  por- 


tions of  it  will  be  built  according  to  the  material 
through  which  it  passes.  One  portion  of  the  tunnel 
beneath  the  Hudson  river  will  be  what  is  known  as  a 
tube  tunnel  and  will  be  practically  without  founda- 
tions. The  river  section  will  be  constructed  by  the 
use  of  shields  and  under  air  pressure,  the  compress- 
ors being  required  to  supply  300, 000  cubic  feet  of  free 
air  per  hour,  at  fifty  pounds  pressure  per  square 
inch. 

Miners  are  often  called  upon  to  solve  difficult  prob- 
lems in  cutting  through  treacherous  ground,  quick- 
sand, etc.,  but  the  magnitude  of  the  Hudson  river 
tunnel  eclipses  ordinary  mining  operations,  where 
engineering  problems  usually  have  to  be  considered 
from  the  standpoint  of  economy,  such  as  is  not  gen- 
erally contemplated  in  railroad  engineering. 

There  are  many  mining  problems  which  remain  un- 
tried which,  though  within  the  range  of  possibility  to 
accomplish,  are  not  attempted  because  the  calculated 
result  does  not  justify  the  expense,  and  it  is  only 
when  a  corporation  with  almost  unlimited  capital  at 
its  disposal,  or  a  government,  desires  to  achieve 
great  feats  of  engineering  that  engineers  have  an 
opportunity  to  demonstrate  what  modern  scientific 
methods,  properly  applied,  can  accomplish. 


Shaft  Construction  and  Inspection. 

The  necessity  for  careful  daily  shaft  inspection  by 
competent  men  is  evidenced  in  the  recent  accident  at 
the  Red  Jacket  shaft  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  mine, 
near  Houghton,  Mich.,  where  a  few  days  since  an 
ascending  skip  caught  a  projecting  sliver  on  one  of 
the  guides,  and  stripped  the  guides  from  the  timbers 
for  a  thousand  feet,  beside  doing  other  material  dam- 
age, which  will  require  some  time  and  considerable 
expense  to  repair.  All  great  modern  working  shafts 
are  heavily  timbered,  in  American  mines,  and  the 
greater  number  of  them  are  lined  up  with  great  care 
and  precision,  in  order  that  the  cages  or  skips  may 
move  swiftly  up  and  down  without  danger,  and,  as 
they  usually  do,  without  jar  or  violent  vibration. 
Those  who  are  only  familiar  with  the  running  of  ele- 
vators in  tall  buildings  in  cities,  often  comment  upon 
the  speed  at  which  these  elevators  are  run,  but 
they  seldom  exceed  800  to  1000  feet  per  minute. 
Cages  and  skips  in  deep,  vertical  mine 
shafts  usually  run  at  not  less  than  1500  feet  per  min- 
ute and  from  that  to  5000  feet  or  over.  Men  are 
generally  moved  at  a  somewhat  slower  speed,  but  at 
a  rate  far  exceeding  that  of  building  elevators.  In 
view  of  this,  mine  shafts  require  daily  painstaking 
inspection  to  lessen  the  likelihood  of  disaster,  such  as 
happened  at  the  Red  Jacket  shaft.  When  a  skip  is 
running  at  the  high  rate  of  speed  indicated  above, 
one  unfamiliar  with  it  can  scarcely  conceive  the  rap- 
idity with  which  these  vehicles  pass  from  level  to 
level  or  from  the  lower  level  to  the  surface  without 
stop.  In  the  case  of  the  Red  Jacket  shaft,  which  is 
nearly  5000  feet  deep,  if  a  station  were  cut  at  each 
100  feet,  the  station  lights  would  flash  by  when  under 
full  speed  at  intervals  of  a  little  over  a  second  until 
the  surface  was  reached.  It  can  readily  be  under- 
stood that  any  slight  inequalities  in  the  alignment  of 
the  shaft  or  the  guides  would  render  rapid  running 
extremely  uncomfortable,  not  to  say  dangerous. 
The  fact  that  most  of  the  great  deep  shafts  in  the 
United  States  are  sunk  through  solid  ground, 
and  are  heavily  timbered,  renders  them  compara- 
tively safe;  but  where  the  ground  passed  through 
shifts,  due  to  geological  disturbances,  or  to  swelling 
ground,  fast  running  in  safety  is  out  of  the  question. 

On  the  Rand  in  South  Africa  the  great  shafts  are 
sunk  either  on  the  banket  at  various  and  often 
changing  degrees  of  inclination,  or  are  sunk  vertically 
to  reach  the  ore  bed,  but  in  most  instances,  owing  to 
the  high  cost  of  timbers  (American  and  Australian), 
these  shafts  are  timbered  with  6"x8",  6"x9v  and 
7"xl0"  timbers,  dimensions  which  usually,  in  America, 
would  be  considered  too  small  to  afford  security,  but 
the  vertical  shafts  are  sunk  through  quartzitic  sand- 
stone which  exerts  no  pressure  upon  the  timbers,  the 
latter  constituting  merely  a  framework  for  the  ■  con- 
venience of  skip  ways,  ladders,  pipes,  etc.  This 
practice  having  proved  satisfactory  in  South  Africa, 
where  rapid  running  is  the  rule,  it  suggests  that  the 
managers  of  American  mines  might  profit  by  the  ex- 
ample of  the  Rand  and  sink  shafts  in  hard  ground, 
employing  timbers  of  smaller  dimensions  than  are 
customary  here.      A  shaft   timbered  with    7"xl0" 


Oregon  pine  timbers  would  require  only  about  one-half 
the  timber  (board  measure)  that  would  be  necessary 
if  12"xl2"  were  used.  Moreover,  in  America,  it  has 
become  the  custom  to  place  sets  5  feet  from  center  to 
center.  On  the  Rand  the  distance  is  usually  6  feet, 
which  represents  a  further  possible  saving  of  nearly 
16%  in  amount  of  timbers  used. 

The  .  geological  conditions  prevailing  on  the  Rand 
greatly  facilitate  the  construction  of  shafts  along  the 
lines  adopted  there,  and  it  is  positive  that  the  same 
procedure  cannot  be  followed  everywhere,  but  there 
are  many  places  where  the  system  is  applicable  in 
the  Western  United  States.  There  is  one  feature  of 
South  African  shaft  sinking,  however,  which  would 
probably  never  become  popular  in  America.  On  the 
Rand  the  timbers  are  seldom  carried  closer  than  50 
feet  from  the  bottom  of  the  shaft,  and  often  the  dis- 
tance is  much  greater  than  this — 100  to  150  feet. 
This  is  done  in  order  that  the  wall  plates,  which  are 
framed  in  a  single  piece  and  sometimes  30  feet  in 
length,  may  be  swung  into  place,  and  avoids  the  ne- 
cessity of  leaving  out  dividers  from  several  sets 
above  the  bottom.  It  also  reduces  the  danger  of 
breaking  or  blowing  out  timbers  when  the  blasts  are 
fired.  Sinking  is  accomplished  by  the  use  of  buckets, 
provided  with  universal  swivels  to  reduce  the  tend- 
ency of  the  bucket  to  spin  around  rapidly  as  they 
would  otherwise  do  on  a  long  lift.  When  the  shaft 
has  progressed  a  considerable  distance  below  the  last 
set  of  timbers  sinking  is  discontinued  and  a  number 
of  sets  put  in  as  rapidly  as  workmen  can  place  them. 

In  America  miners  are  accustomed  to  having  the 
timbers  carried  to  within  a  few  feet  of  the  bottom  of 
the  shaft. 


The  Alaska  Boundary  Fixed. 

The  recent  decision  of  the  Alaska-Canadian  Bound- 
ary Commission  in  favor  of  the  United  States  ap- 
pears to  have  greatly  disturbed  some  Canadian  poli- 
ticians. The  decision  was  made  by  a  commission 
fairly  representing  both  sides  of  the  controversy, 
and  was  undoubtedly  made  absolutely  upon  the  mer- 
its of  the  case,  notwithstanding  which  there  are 
those  who  openly  attack  the  commission  and  its  in- 
tegrity, but  as  the  decision  is  final  the  situation  may 
as  well  be  accepted  with  as  good  grace  as  possible  on 
the  part  of  those  who  feel  that  they  have  lost  some- 
thing which  they  actually  never  possessed.  By  the 
decision  the  United  States  secures  all  the  waterways 
leading  into  the  interior  regions  of  Alaska  excepting 
that  known  as  the  Fortland  canal,  which  was  awarded 
to  Canada.  Portland  canal  runs  in  a  northerly  direc- 
tion from  the  vicinity  of  Port  Simpson,  beginning  at 
about  north  latitude  54°  30'.  It  fixes  the  boundary 
along  the  west  side  of  Portland  canal,  from  the  head 
of  which  it  swings  off  in  a  northwesterly  direction, 
and  passes  far  inside  the  heads  of  all  the  large  inlets 
indenting  that  portion  of  the  Alaskan  coast,  and  con- 
forming in  a  general  way  to  the  outline  of  the  coast. 
All  Americans  who  claimed  property  in  the  disputed 
territory  are  safe  in  their  possessions,  and  as  it  is  pre- 
sumable that  the  long-disputed  boundary  line  has 
been  permanently  fixed,  it  only  remains  for  the 
proper  officers  of  the  Government  to  set  the  monu- 
ments. 


THE  annual  convention  of  the  California  Miners' 
Association  will  be  held  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
November  16,  17  and  18,  1903.  The  reading  of  a  large 
number  of  technical  papers,  contributed  by  members 
of  the  Association,  will  form  an  interesting  and  valu- 
able feature  of  the  session.  This  is  not  a  new  de- 
parture in  the  sessions  of  the  convention,  but  it  is 
yearly  becoming  more  popular,  the  Association  evi- 
dently having  entered  a  broader  field  of  usefulness. 
Technical  societies  are  springing  into  existence 
throughout  the  country,  and  their  published  transac- 
tions form  a  most  valuable  addition  to  scientific  and 
technical  literature,  for  generally  the  authors  of 
these  papers  write  from  personal  experience,  and 
contribute  information  which  would  otherwise  be  slow 
in  reaching  the  outside  world. 


ALREADY  the  press  dispatches  from  the  mining 
regions  begin  to  tell  of  death  and  destruction 
due  to  thawing  of  dynamite  by  miners.  This  is  rather 
early  in  the  season  for  the  annual  crop  of  suicides 
caused  by  thawing  powder  to  commence,  but  the  ball 
has  been  started  rolling. 


( ieb  24,   1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


266 


Antimony  oxide  is  not  readily  attacked  by   hydro- 
chloric acid. 


A  hollow  CYLINDRICAL  ecu. IMS  of  iron  lias  greater 
strength  than  a  solid  one  of  tin.-  same  weight  and  length. 

TTTx 

PCCHSITE  and  mariposite  are  essentially  the  same 
mineral — a  chromium  mica.  It  is  a  mineral  of  variable 
composition,  and  of  no  commercial  value. 

The  only  remedy  for  car  and  skip  wheels  that  have 
worn   flat  at  one  side  is  to  have  them  turned  "true"  in 
■  lathe,     if  too  hard  to  be  turned.  Buy  new  wheels. 
**** 

Silver  is  a  better  conveyor  of  electricity  than  copper 
in  the  ratio  of  1000  to  931.      Aluminum,  if  given  double 

the  sectional  area  of  copper,  is  as  efficient  a lductor  of 

olectricity  as  the  latter. 

Air  compressor  valves,  which  become  gummed 
and  fail  to  work  freely,  may  often  be  made  to  operate  by 
oiling  with  kerosene  instead  of  lubricating  oil.  It  is  not 
advisable  to  use  much  oil  in  the  cylinders  of  the  com- 
pressor. 

**** 

Rotary  grinding  mills  are  favored  in  those  districts 
where  the  gold  is  coated  with  iron  oxide  or  some  other 
Bubstance,  preventing  its  ready  amalgamation.  The 
rotary  mill  brightens  the  gold  and  renders  it  easy  to 
amalgamate. 

**** 

Hydraulic  gravel  elevators,  when  working 
under  favorable  conditions,  will  lift  gravel  about  one- 
fifth  the  height  of  the  pressure  column.  A  pressure  of 
Kin  feet  vertical  will  lift  gravel  about  20  feet;  a  400-foot 
pressure  will  lift  it  80  feet. 

**** 

WHERE  rapid  running  is  done  in  shafts,  the  shafts 
should  be  given  daily  inspection,  and  particular  attention 
should  be  given  the  guides,  to  see  that  there  is  no  likeli- 
hood of  any  projecting  sliver,  or  end  of  a  timber  at  a 
joint  to  catch  the  passing  skip  or  cage. 

**** 

Leaky  straight-way  valves  may  sometimes  be  re- 
paired by  unscrewing  the  cap  and  reversing  the  disc, 
which  it  will  often  be  found  has  been  cut  by"  escaping 
water.  The  valve  should  be  kept  closed  when  not  in 
use,  and  not  permitted  to  run  a  small,  trickling  stream. 
**** 

The  amount  of  gold  and  silver  in  a  cyanide  solution 
may  be  determined  by  evaporating  one  assay  ton  (29.2 
c.  c.)  of  the  solution  to  dryness  on  a  lead  tray,  which  is 
then  rolled  up,  and  cupeled  on  a  hot  cupel,  weighing  the 
resulting  button,  the  bead  to  he  parted  in  the  usual 
manner. 

**** 

It  is  advisable  to  use  round,  cold-rolled  steel  for  car 
and  skip  axles,  as  when  worn  they  may  be  cut  in  two  at 
the  center  by  a  hack  saw  and  the  worn  ends  welded, 
making  practically  a  new  axle.  It  costs  much  more  to 
do  this  with  square  steel  bars  that  have  been  turned 
round  at  the  ends. 


Twenty  pounds  cyanide  of  potassium  is  an  unusually 
large  amount  to  use  per  ton  of  ore.  Experience  has 
shown  that  unless  a  portion  of  the  cyanide  in  a  strong 
solution  is  decomposed  by  bases  in  the  ore,  a  much 
weaker  solution  wrould  be  more  satisfactory  in  dissolving 
gold,  as  well  as  more  economical. 
***** 

The  signal  to  blast  in  the  shaft  is  3-2-1.  The  engineer 
responds  by  raising  the  bucket  or  skip  about  2  feet  and 
lowering  again  to  the  bottom,  showing  he  is  at  his  post 
and  ready  to  hoist.  The  miners  then  ring  three  bells, 
spit  the  fuses,  get  on  the  bucket  and  give  the  final  sig- 
nal, one  bell,  and  are  hoisted  without  delay. 
**** 

The  more  common  minerals  of  strontium  are  the  ear" 
bonate  and  sulphate.  Traces  of  strontium  are  frequently 
found  in  limestones.  Metallic  strontium  is  obtained  by 
electrolysis  of  the  fused  chloride.  It  is  yellow  in  color 
and  is  harder  than  lead.  Strontium  salts  are  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  fireworks  and  color  the  flame  a  bright 
red. 

**** 

When  panning  material  which  contains  gold  in  such 
fine  state  of  division  that  on  exposure  to  the  air  it  will 
float  on  the  surface  of  the  water,  the  gold  may  be  set- 
tled by  sprinkling  water  on  it  with  the  hand  in  showers. 
Gold  will  not  float  if  kept  constantly  wet.  The  same 
applies  to  other  particles  of  mineral  which  float  upon 
the  water. 

***'  j 

The  hoisting  engineer  should  place  side  marks  on  the 
reel  of  his  engine  to  determine  the  exact  place  to  stop 
the  skip  or  cage,  as  the  indicator  is  too  distant  to  make 
its  reading  exact.  On  the  ordinary  columnar  or  circular 
indicator  one-sixteenth  of  an  inch  difference  in  the  posi- 
tion of  the  pointer  may  mean  a  foot  in  the  shaft.  This 
can  be  corrected  by  the  side  marks. 
**** 

So  par  as  "Concentrates"  knows,  lagging  is  never 
placed  beneath  the  sills  of  drift  sets  for  the  purpose  of 
preventing  swelling  ground  from  raising  up  the  floor  of 


the  drift.  When  this  difficulty  has  to  be  met,  it  is  cus- 
tomary to  cut  away  the  enoroaching  ground  and  remove 
it.  In  some  instances  if  this  is  not  done,  the  ground 
will  continue  to  swell  until  the  drift  is  complete!;  closed. 

It  is  impossible  to  give  an  estimate  of  cost  of  stoping 
an  ore  body  where  only  the  dimensions  are  known.  The 
character  of  the  ore  and  of  the  walls  would  probably  de- 
termine the  method  of  mining,  and  the  cost  would  be  in- 
fluenced by  the  amount  of  timber  required,  by  the  price 
of  labor,  cost  Of  power  if  machine  drills  were  used  and 
whether  or  not  filling  is  practiced.  These  and  other 
factors  are  important  in  determining  the  cost  of  stoping. 
**** 

Water  tanks  may  be  built  of  a  double  thickness  of 
1-inch  boards.  The  weight  on  each  square  foot  of  the 
bottom  of  a  tank  in  which  the  water  is  f.  feet  deep  is 
about  310  pounds.  The  pressure  against  the  sides  varies 
with  the  depth  of  the  water  from  nothing  at  the  surface 
to  310  pounds  at  the  depth  of  5  feet.  Particular  care 
must  be  given  the  foundations  to  see  that,  should  the 
ground  beneath  the  tank  become  wet,  the  tank  will  not 
settle. 

The  weight  of  bell  wires  can  be  taken  up  by  the  em- 
ployment of  leaf  or  spiral  springs  near  the  collar  of  the 
shaft.  They  should  be  adjustable  so  that,  when  the 
line  is  pulled,  the  man  giving  the  signal  shall  have  only 
friction  to  overcome  and  not  be  obliged  to  lift  the  weight 
of  the  line.  If  this  is  not  done,  there  will  always  be  un- 
satisfactory signal  service.  Nothing  is  of  greater  im- 
portance about  a  mine  than  a  perfectly  operating  bell 
service. 

The  occurrence  of  calcite  in  a  gold-bearing  vein  can 
not  be  regarded  as  an  indication  of  either  the  richness 
or  poverty  of  the  vein.  Some  rich  mines  have  calcite  in 
abundance,  and  some  poor  ones  have  calcite.  The  oc- 
currence of  gold  in  calcite  and  in  marble  is  not  of  infre- 
quent occurrence.  This  is  known  to  be  the  case  in  a 
number  of  mines  in  California,  notably  at  the  Alvord 
mine  and  at  the  Carbonate  mine  in  San  Bernardino 
county,  and  the  Golden  Rule  mine  in  Tuolumne  county. 
**** 

Brittle  gold  may  be  refined  by  passing  chlorine  gas 
through  it  for  several  minutes  when  in  the  molten  state. 
This  converts  the  base  metals  present  (usually  lead,  bis- 
muth or  antimony)  into  volatile  chlorides,  which  pass  off 
in  fumes.  Should  silver  be  present,  chloride  of  silver 
will  be  formed,  which  will  float  on  the  surface  of  the 
gold.  To  avoid  loss  of  silver,  the  crucible  should  be 
dipped,  before  using,  in  a  solution  of  borax.  Borax 
should  also  be  introduced  into  the  crucible  with  the  gold. 
**** 

A  half-inch  plough  steel  hoisting  rope  is  calculated 
to  have  a  breaking  strain  of  11.4  tons,  and  for  this  rope 
the  working  lode  is  2.28  tons.  A  J-inch  rope  breaks  at 
34  tons,  and  should  not  carry  a  working  load  exceeding 
6.8  tons.  A  plough  steel  rope  l.lf-inch  diameter  will 
break  at  67  tons  tension.  For  it  13.4  tons  is  considered 
a  safe  load.  The  greatest  strain  on  a  hoisting  rope 
comes  when  the  load  is  suddenly  started  or  stopped.  In 
some  instances  the  strain  is  estimated  to  exceed  ten  times 

the  weight  of  the  load. 

**** 

Rope  transmission  of  power  can  be  arranged  around 
corners,  across  canyons  or  rivers,  either  up  hill  or  down. 
Warm  coal  tar  and  linseed  oil  form  a  good  lubricant  for 
transmission  ropes.  It  pan  be  slowly  poured  onto  the 
rope  while  passing  over  a  sheave.  To  grease  hoisting 
ropes,  a  hopper  shaped,  "split"  box  is  made,  having  a 
round  hole  of  suitable  size  in  the  bottom.  The  two  sec- 
tions of  the  box  are  secured  about  the  rope,  and  after 
packing  a  piece  of  gunny  sack  in  the  bottom  of  the  box, 
about  the  rope,  the  rope-grease,  coal  oil,  or  other  mate- 
rial to  be  applied  to  the  rope,  is  poured  into  the  hopper, 
and  the  engineer  then  permits  the  skip,  bucket  or  cage 
to  slowly  descend,  the  man  at  the  box  working  the 
"dope  "  into  the  rope  as  it  passes  downward. 


Timbers  may  be  protected  from  blasting  in  shaft 
sinking  by  providing  suitable  fenders,  made  of  either 
green  or  dry  pine— the  former  preferred.  The  fenders 
should  have  holes  bored  through  them  to  correspond  to 
the  hanging-bolt  holes  of  the  wall  plates.  When  these 
are  to  be  put  in.  position  a  short  bolt  is  fun  upward 
through  the  holes  of  the  fender  and  through  the  holes 
not  occupied  by  the  hanging  bolts  in  the  plate,  when  a 
washer  and  nut  are  screwed  on  the  upper  end  of  the 
bolt,  the  lower  end  having  a  square  head  "upset  "  upon 
it,  to  lessen  the  likehhood  of  injury  by  blasting.  This 
end  is  also  provided  with  a  washer.  If  dry  pine  be  used 
for  fenders,  it  is  a  good  precaution  to  run  transverse 
bolts  through  the  fender  to  prevent  splitting. 
**** 

Amalgamating  plates  in  quartz  mills  are  porous, 
or  should  be  to  do  good  work.  Cyanide  of  potassium 
solution  renders  them  hard  and  brittle,  and  destroys 
their  porosity,  making  them  unsuitable  for  amalgama- 
tion. For  this  reason,  where  crushing  is  done  in  cyanide 
solution,  but  little  gold  can  be  amalgamated,  although 
the  cyanide  brightens  the  mercury.  Copper  plates  in 
good  condition  absorb  mercury,  and  with  it  more  or  less 
gold  of  microscopic  fineness.  Most  gold  ores  contain 
gold  invisible  to  the  eye  without  the  aid  of  magnifying 
power,  and  doubtless  some  of  it  is  almost  atomic  in  size. 
It  is  gold  of  this  class  that  is  absorbed  by  copper  plates, 
and  this  applies  with  equal  force  to  silver-plated  copper 
plates.  The  amount  of  gold  absorbed  by  plates  depends 
upon  the  character  of  the  ore.      Mill  plates,  over  which 


a  large  amount  of  gold-bearing  pulp  has  passed,  are  often 
worth  hundreds  of  dollars  in  excess  of  their  cost,  owing 
to  gold  absorbed  by  the  plates. 

VVww 

At  inclined  shafts  the  -kip  can  be  made  to  dump  auto- 
matically in  the  head  frame  by  providing  a  horizontal 
track  for  the  forward  wheels  of  the  skip.  The  bale 
should  be  secured  near  the  bottom  or  beneath  it. 
and,  as  the  engineer  continues  to  hoist  after  .the  forward 

wheels  have    ru lto    the    horizontal    track,    the  rear 

n  heels  are  lifted  clear  of  the  track,  and  the  skip  dumps 
when  it  has  reached  an  angle  exceeding  35°.  A  back 
stop  should  he  provided  for  the  front  wheels  to  prevent 
them  from  running  too  far  forward.  Engineers  become 
so  expert  that  they  can  dump  a  skip  where  such  ar- 
rangements have  been  provided  in  about  three  seconds, 
the  skii>  barely  coming  to  a  stab-  of  rest  before  it  is 
again  descending  the  shaft.  Care  must  be  exercised 
that  the  rear  wheels  do  not  strike  the  rails  with  much 
force. 

Replying  to  an  inquiry  from  Mojave,  Cal.:  "Rais- 
ing" is  directly  the  opposite  of  shaft  sinking.  It  means 
the  making  of  an  upward  excavation,  either  in  ore  or  in 
the  barren  rock  outside  of  the  ore  deposit.  If  the 
"raise"  were  continued  to  the  surface  it  would-becouie  a 
shaft.  "Stoping"  is  the  removal  of  ore  from  the  vein 
or  ore  deposit  by  blasting  or  by  other  means,  and  is  used 
in  contradistinction  to  raising,  drifting  and  shaft  sink- 
ing. Stoping  that  is  carried  on  upward  from  a  level  is 
called  overhand  stoping;  that  which  is  done  downward 
beneath  the  level  is  called  underhand  stoping.  The  lat- 
ter is  seldom  employed  except  in  small  rich  veins,  or  in 
forcing  the  output  of  a  mine  where  ore  is  scarce.  Tho 
dip  of  a  vein  is  at  right  angles  to  its  strike  (horizontal 
direction)  and  can  be  easily  ascertained  by  placing  a 
clinometer  on  one  of  the  walls. 
**** 

A  company'  or  corporation  can  only  take  as  one  claim 
160  acres  of  placer  ground,  but  may  take  as  many  claims 
of  160  acres  each  as  they  desire  to  perform  assessment 
work  upon.  On  a  company  claim  of  160  acres  the  annual 
assessment  need  not  be  done  upon  each  twenty  acres  of 
the  tract,  but  may  be  concentrated  at  one  place,  and  $100 
worth  of  work  will  hold  the  claim  of  160  acres  located 
by  the  company.  In  December,  1898,  the  General  Com- 
missioner of  the  Land  Office  issued  the  following  de- 
cision: "Under  the  United  States  placer  mining  laws  one 
person  may  make  a  single  location  containing  twenty 
acres  of  placer  mining  land;  two  persons  may  make  a 
single  location,  containing  not  more  than  forty  acres  in 
a  compact  body;  three  may  locate  sixty  acres,  etc.,  but 
no  single  location,  whether  made  by  eight  persons  or 
more,  can  exceed  160  acres.  It  has  been  decided  that  a 
single  location  of  placer  mining  ground  may  embrace  20, 
40,  60,  80,  100,  120,  140  or  160  acres. in  a  compact  body, 
according  to  the  number  of  locations.  If  eight 
persons  should  make  eight  distinct  and  separate 
locations  of  twenty  acres  each,  and  seven  of  the 
locators  should  convey  their  claims  to  the  other, 
it  would  require  annual  assessment  work  of  the  value  of 
$800  to  maintain  the  possessory  right  to  all  .of  the  claims; 
but  in  the  case  of  a  single  location,  embracing  160  acres  of 
placer  mining  land,  the  owner  thereof,  in  order  to  main- 
tain his  possessory  right  thereto,  would  not  be  required 
to  expend  $100  worth  of  mining  labor,  on  each  twenty 
acres  thereof,  but  his  possessory  right  to.-the  entire  160 
acres  might  be  maintained  by  performing  thereon  $100 
worth  of  actual  mining  work,  designed  in  good  faith  for 
the  improvement  of  the  160-acre  location  as  a  single 
mining  claim." 


To  figure  the  cost  of  any  particular  mining 
operation,  or  the  expense  of  operating  any  particu- 
lar department  during  a  stated  time,  a  system  of 
bookkeeping  is  necessary,  in  which  the  expenses  are 
segregated  into  individual  accounts.  In  the  cutting  of  a 
station  at  the  shaft  and  the  driving  of  a  level  an  accurate 
account  of  everything  used  on  that  level  should  be  kept, 
and  charged  in  the  books  to  that  account.  The  number 
of  pounds  of  powder,  number  of  feet  of  fuse  used, 
number  of  caps,  number  of  candles  (or  other  illu- 
minant)  required,  amount  of  timber  put  in,  cost 
of  chute  door  and  appliances,  ventilating  pipe,  com- 
pressor pipe,  rails  and  ties  for  track,  timber  in 
drifts,  etc.,  timber  in  ore  chutes  built  on  level  and 
other  essentials  in  the  construction  of  the  same,  cost  of 
all  labor,  which  may  or  may  not  be  segregated,  accord- 
ing as  the  system  of  bookkeeping  is  elaborate  or  not — 
all  should  be  charged  up.  _There  must  also  be  charged  to 
this  level  its  share  of  ventilating  expense,  compressed 
air  (if  it  is  used),  blacksmithing  and  repair  of  machine 
drills,  hose  used,  etc.,  also  hoisting  pro  rata  relative  to 
other  levels,  and  also  superintendence.  When  the  level 
is  abandoned  it  should  be  credited  with  rails,  pipes,  tim- 
bers, etc.,  that  may  be  removed  and  used  elsewhere.  It 
is  only  in  this  way  that  a  detailed  statement  of  costs  can 
be  obtained.  In  the  milling  department  the  same  care- 
ful segregation  of  accounts  must  be  carried  out.  It  in- 
cludes tons  of  ore  delivered  at  mill  (some  managers 
charge  tramming  to  mining  expense  account,  and  others 
to  the  mill,  but  if  it  constitutes  a  large  item  of  expense 
it  should  be  made  a  separate  charge),  cost  of  power, 
lubrication,  light,  water,  repairs,  quicksilver,  chemicals, 
fuel,  shoes  and  dies,  belting  (or  transmission  ropes),  in- 
surance, and  miscellaneous  supplies,  besides  labor,  which 
may  or  may  not  be  segregated.  The  principal  thing  is 
to  first  properly  segregate  the  various  charges  to  their 
proper  accounts.  This  having  been  done,  the  system 
becomes  simple  and  of  service  for  comparison. 


267 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


A  Number  Scheme  for  Mines. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Matt  W.  Aldehson. 

In  the  opening  of  a  new  mine,  where  one  sinks  on 
the  vein,  a  level  will  probably  be  run  at  100  feet  and, 
when  stoping  commences,  chutes  will  be  put  in  for 
convenience  of  handling  the  ore.  These  chutes  are 
generally  numbered,  that  time  may  be  saved  in 
referring  to  their  location.  Later  the  shaft  is  con- 
tinued to  lower  depths  and  the  numbers  given  the 
chutes  are  frequently  a  continuation  of  those  used 
above.  As  the  levels  above  are  extended  and  new 
chutes  put  in  these  also  are  numbered,  and  the  writer 
has  been  in  a  mine  where  chute  No.  18  was  on  a  level 
several  hundred  feet  below  the  surface  and  chute 
No.  36  on  the  100-foot  level,  with  numbers  of  smaller 
denomination. 

Such  a  system,  or  lack  of  system,  becomes  in  time 
confusing.  One  needs  a  system  susceptible  of  expan- 
sion with  the  development  of  the  mine  in  whatever 
direction  that  work  may  lead.  It  is  customary  in 
most  mines  to  establish  levels  at  every  100  feet.  This 
is  a  good  plan  and,  even  where  a  survey  may  show  a 
level  is  at  483  feet  instead  of  at  500,  it  is  the  part  of 
wisdom  to  call  it  the  500-foot  level.  The  idea  of  num- 
bering the  levels  in  this  way  is  certainly  excellent. 
It  is  simple,  expressive,  and  allows  for  expansion  to 
whatever  depth  the  shaft  may  be  driven. 

In  development  work,  where  one  drives  on  the  vein 
and  pay  is  continuous,  chutes  are  frequently  placed 
20  feet  apart,  that  having  been  found  by  experience 
to  be  a  very  convenient  distance.  In  making  a  raise 
between  two  such  chutes  the  ore  will  run  easily  to 
one  chute  or  the  other  if  the  dip  of  the  vein  is  suffi- 
cient; and,  where  it  is  not,  10  feet  is  about  as  far  as 
the  miner  can  shovel  the  ore  to  advantage  to  reach 
the  runway. 

Commencing,  therefore,  on  the  100-foot  level,  I 
would  number  the  first  chute  102,  the  second  104,  the 
third  106,  etc.  This  system  has  the  double  advan- 
tage of  telling  the  level  on  which  the.  chute  is  located 
and  its  distance  from  the  shaft.  Thus  the  first  fig- 
ure is  always  the  number  of  the  level  and  the  two  fig- 
ures following  are  a  key  to  the  distance  from  the 
station  on  that  level.  By  adding  a  cipher  to  them 
we  have  the  approximate  distance  from  the  starting 
point.  Thus  136  means  on  the  100  foot  level  and  360 
feet  from  the  station. 

In  numbering  in  this  way  only  the  even  numbers 
are  used  for  chutes,  the  odd  being  applied  to  the 
raises  or  stopes,  the  raise  above  the  chute  receiving 
the  number  immediately  preceding  that  given  the 
chute. 

In  the  course  of  development  the  vein  is  apt  to  be 
opened  both  ways  from  the  shaft,  crosscuts  will  be 
run,  and  parallel  veins  developed.  How  then?  The 
simplest  way  is  to  give  each  vein  a  letter  and  to  con- 
sider each  vein  as  an  individual  vein  from  the  station 
or  a  base  line  corresponding  thereto.  Thus  a  chute 
on  the  first  vein  may  be  numbered  122A  as  we  find 
ourselves  going  in  one  direction  from  the  shaft. 
Going  in  the  other  direction,  the  letter  B  may  be 
used  after  the  number.  All  the  letters  in  the  alpha- 
bet may  be  set  aside  for  numbering  different  veins 
except  the  letters  I  and  X.  It  is  preferable  not  to 
use  I,  because  it  may  be  confounded  at  times  with 
the  figure  1.  The  letter  X  should  be  used  for  cross- 
cuts. 

In  the  development  of  a  mine  the  level  may  come 
to  where  the  vein  forks.  Suppose  this  is  at  346B. 
The  chutes  on  the  hanging  wall  side  should  be  con- 
tinued and  lettered  B.  Do  not  refer  to  one  as  the 
hanging  wall  vein  and  the  other  as  the  foot  wall  vein, 
but  give  each  a  letter,  and  do  not  commence  the  num- 
bers on  the  foot  wall  vein  with  302,  but  with  the  dis- 
tance from  the  station,  regardless  of  the  fact  that 
the  vein  is  not  continuous  to  that  point. 

Where  a  crosscut  is  run  some  distance  from  the 
shaft,  from  one  vein  to  another,  the  numbering  on 
the  new  vein  should  not  commence  from  the  crosscut, 
but  from  the  base  line,  as,  even  if  there  is  no  known 
ore  in  the  direction  of  the  shaft,  it  may  be  found 
there  some  day,  in  which  case  the  numbers  are  avail- 
able. Again,  if  numbers  commenced  from  the  cross- 
cut, they  would  not  correspond  with  the  numbering 
of  other  parts  of  the  mine.  In  the  same  way  it  is  well 
on  a  property  developed  by  a  tunnel  to  commence  the 
numbering  from  the  surface  or  station  on  the  lowest 
level,  then  on  the  upper  levels  to  use  that  as  a  base 
line,  instead  of  making  the  numbering  of  each  level 
start  from  the  surface  and  be  independent  of  those 
on  the  levels  below. 

This  system  provides  for  980  feet  along  a  vein.  Thus 
598B  means  the  chute  980  feet  from  the  station  on 
the  500-foot  level  of  the  B  vein.  The  next  chute 
should  be  numbered  500BB,  and,  as  each  succeeding 
1000  feet  are  run,  another  letter  is  added,  after 
the  first  three  or  four  letters  the  additional  letters 
being  preferably  expressed  by  a  dash  and  number, 
thus:  528 — 5B.  Thus  a  number  followed  by  one  letter 
means  that  the  chute  referred  to  is  within  the  first 
1000  feet  from  the  station;  followed  by  additional  let- 
ters, it  is  within  the  1000  feet  area  corresponding  to 
the  number  of  letters. 

In  most  veins  the  ore  occurs  in  irregular  shaped 
bodies,  with  intervening  spaces  barren  of  ore  or  with 


ore  too  low  grade  to  pay  to  work.  Wherever  it  may 
be  deemed  advisable  to  make  a  raise  the  number  is 
ready  for  that  particular  place.  Then,  if  develop- 
ment shows  that  the  pay  ore  extends  back  over  the 
level  where  no  pay  was  supposed  to  exist,  and  a  raise 
is  made  up  through  barren  ground  to  the  ore,  the 
numbers  for  that  raise  and  the  chute  below  are  avail- 
able. 

Sometimes  veins  are  so  wide  for  a  considerable  dis- 
tance that  more  than  one  row  of  ore  chutes  may  be 
deemed  advisable  to  handle  the  ore  easily.  Suppose 
this  to  be  on  the  D  vein.  Let  the  row  of  chutes  on 
the  hanging  wall  side  be  lettered  D  and  the  rows 
towards  the  foot  the  letters  following. 

Crosscuts  are  numbered  the  same  as  the  chutes. 
Thus,  suppose  we  have  a  crosscut  on  the  400-foot 
level,  240  feet  from  the  station,  between  the  B  and  C 
veins.     It  would  be  numbered  424BCX. 

In  this  day  of  improved  business  methods  everyone 
who  has  the  handling  of  a  number  of  men  appreciates 
the  value  of  system,  and  of  one  having  as  little  ma- 
chinery as  possible.  In  the  system  above  outlined 
every  figure  and  every  letter  used  means  something; 
there  is  nothing  superfluous  and  the  figures  of  one 
level  always  correspond  with  those  above  and  below. 
The  system  is  adapted  to  the  needs  of  the  smallest  or 
the  largest  mine,  providing  for  twelve  parallel  veins, 
both  directions  from  the  base  line,  as  many  veins  as 
are  likely  to  be  developed  from  one  working  shaft, 
and  for  development  horizontally  along  any  or  all  of 
said  veins  for  any  distance  it  may  be  deemed  advis- 
able to  drive. 


Undercurrents  for  Saving  Flour  Gold 
and  Platinum  Sands. 


Written  for  the  MiNrNG  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Dennis  H.  Stovall. 

Since  the  discovery  that  the  old  channel  placer 
diggings  of  northern  California  and  southern  Oregon 
contained  much  fine  or  flour  gold,  and  the  more  re- 
cent discovery  that  they  also  contained  platinum  con- 
centrates and  sands  in  considerable  abundance,  much 
attention  has  been  paid  by  the  miners  to  the  matter 
of  methods  for  saving  these  values.  A  system  of 
undercurrents  attached  to  the  sluice  boxes  has  been 
found  by  many  to  be  the  best  method  for  saving  flour 
gold  and  black  sand.  The  best  system  that  the 
writer  has  found  in  his  rounds  of  the  southern  Oregon 
placers  is  that  in  use  at  the  Royal  Group  hydraulic 
mines  of  Galice  district.  Manager  J.  R.  Harvey  of 
these  placers  has  given  much  of  his  time  to  this  work 
alone,  with  the  result  of  having  a  system  of  under- 
currents that  practically  saves  all  of  the  flour  gold 
and  platinum  concentrates. 

The  accompanying  photograph  shows  a  part  of  an 


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R    MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS    j 

on  the  left  in  the  photo.  This  table  is  about  10  feet 
wide  and  13  feet  in  length.  Here  the  coarser  parti- 
cles and  much  of  the  flour  gold  settles.  This  flour 
gold  and  the  platinum  sand  acts  very  much  like  coffee 
grounds  when  stirred — they  will  not  settle  so  long  as 
they  are  disturbed.  For  this  reason  they  are  easily 
drawn  off,  and  the  problem  then  resolves  itself  into 
the  question  of  how  to  settle  them. 

After  the  sands  pass  over  this  first  undercurrent 
they  are  carried  further  and  dropped  into  a  hopper 
and  run  through  a  steel  screen  with  J-inch  openings. 
Everything  larger  than  i  inch  in  diameter  passes 
over  this  screen  and  is  lost,  but  these  are  usually 
only  small  pebbles,  as  the  gold  particles  of  that  size 
are  caught  long  before,  and  the  platinum  particles 
are  all  smaller  in  size.  Everything  that  runs  through 
this  screen  is  spread  out  over  a  riffle  of  cocoa  mat- 
ting. This  riffle  table  is  arranged  in  divisions  so  that 
each  strip  of  matting  can  be  lifted  up  and  cleaned 
when  covered  with  sands,  the  water  being  turned  on 
the  other  divisions. 

The  sands  that  are  caught  on  the  cocoa  matting 
riffles  are  worth  from  $140  to  $170  a  ton,  the  values 
being  about  equally  divided  between  platinum  and 
gold.  The  sands  that  are  found  on  the  ' '  old  channel 
belt"  of  southern  Oregon  and  northern  California, 
recently  described  by  the  writer  in  the  Mining  and 
Scientific  Press,  are  not  what  are  commonly  known 
as  "black  sands."  They  are  a  black  sand  in  one 
sense,  but  they  are  more  than  that — they  not  only 
carry  platinum  and  gold  in  the  free  state,  but  in  com- 
bination also.  They  are  largely  refractory  and  con- 
tain all  of  the  metals  of  the  platinum  group. 

W.  P.  Smith,  a  representative  of  the  Welsbach 
company  of  Philadelphia,  has  been  experimenting  and 
working  in  the  placer  diggings  of  the  old  channel 
placer  belt  of  northern  California  and  southern  Ore- 
gon for  over  two  years  past.  He  has  found  that 
platinum  concentrates  and  flour  gold  occur  in  quan- 
tity all  the  way  from  Happy  Camp,  Cal. ,  to  Rogue 
river,  southern  Oregon.  His  company  put  in  under- 
currents in  the  Waldo  placer  mines  of  southern  Jose- 
phine county  last  year  and  saved  several  tons  of 
platinum  sands.  The  company,  or  a  department  of 
it,  known  as  the  Waratah  Minerals  Co.,  is  now  install- 
ing a  plant  at  the  Royal  Group  mines  on  Galice. 
This  plant  will  be  equipped  with  a  mill  and  concen- 
trating tables  for  treating  the  sands  after  they  are 
taken  from  the  undercurrents. 

The  manager  of  the  Royal  Group  mines  estimates 
that  his  undercurrents  pay  the  running  expense  of 
his  mine, 'leaving  the  gold  a  clear  "pickup."  They 
do  not  interfere  with  the  regular  process  of  gold 
mining.  The  same  results  could  be  obtained  at  a 
number  of  placer  mines  in  northern  California  and 
southern  Oregon,  where  undercurrents  are  not  now 
in  use. 

Platinum  concentrates  have  much  the  appearance 
of  coarse  gun  powder.  They  are  not  black,  but  are 
a  dark  steel  gray.  Their  me- 
tallic luster  is  easily  discerned 
with  a  close  examination: 


A  Colorado  Placer  Mine.* 


Undercurrent  in  Oregon  Placer  Mine. 

undercurrent  as  attached  to  the  sluice  box.  The 
sluice  box  itself  is  supplied  with  a  full  complement  of 
riffles,  there  being  first  a  long  bedrock  race  cut 
across  the  diggings  which  catches  all  of  the  nuggets 
and  coarse  gold;  then  the  sluice  boxes  are  reached 
with,  first,  a  system  of  standard  steel  riffles,  followed 
by  block  riffles,  all  of  which  can  be  easily  lifted  and 
rinsed,  leaving  a  smooth  floor  to  clean  from  at  clean- 
up. The  undercurrents  set  near  the  end  of  the 
sluice  boxes.  About  one-half  of  the  flow  of  water  is 
drawn  down  through  a  J-inch  grizzly  in  the  bottom 
of  the  sluice.  The  dropping  of  this  water  through 
the  grizzly  creates  a  suction  and  carries  down  with 
it  all  of  the  black  sand  and  flour  gold  that  would 
have  otherwise  went  on  over  the  dump  with  the 
waste  water  and  boulders.  The  water  drawn  off 
is  first  spread  out  over  a  broad  riffle  table,  as  shown 


One  of  the  up-to-date  placer 
mining  plants  in  Colorado  is  that 
of  the  Oro  Grande  Placer  M.  Co. 
at  the  junction  of  Blue,  Snake 
and  Ten-Mile  rivers,  near  Dillon, 
in  Summit  county. 

The   water    rights    consist  of 
5000  inches  from  Snake  river  and 
the  same   amount  from  Straight 
creek.     The  Snake  river  ditch  is 
91  miles  long  and  carries  2500 
inches.  The  Straight  creek  ditch 
is  1J  mile  long  and  carries  1000 
inches.      The   water   is  brought 
from  the  pressure  box   through 
8000  feet  of  54-inch  riveted  steel 
pipe  and  1000  feet  of  24-inch  pipe 
to   two   elevators,    and  through 
1000  feet  of  16-inch  pipe  to  one 
elevator.     The  fall  is  520  feet  to 
bedrock.     The  working  pressure 
is  220  pounds.     Two  of  the  eleva- 
tors, which  are   on  bedrock,  lift 
99     and    100    feet  respectively. 
When  the  sump  is  finally  made  in 
bedrock   the  lift  will  be  105  feet 
for  both  elevators,  which  is  said 
to  be  next  to  the  highest  lift  in  the  world.  The  elevator 
discharge  pipes  are  16  inches  in  diameter  to  the  ele- 
vators,   and   the   supply  pipe  to  the  elevators  is  15 
inches  in  diameter,   using  12-inch  throat  and  5-inch 
jet  in  both.     The  depth  to  bedrock  is  79  feet  from  the 
surface  of  the  ground. 

The  pit  (see  illustration)  is  350  feet  in  length 
and  250  feet  wide.  The  flumes  are  100  feet  long, 
fitted  with  3£-inch  angle-iron  riffles  over  cocoanut 
matting.  The  larger  percentage  of  the  gold  is 
caught  in  the  first  40  feet,  including  that  which 
will  pass  120-mesh.  The  floor  of  the  flume  is  19  feet 
above  the  surface  of  the  ground.  The  tailings  go  into 
Blue  river,  and  the  high  water  in  the  spring,  thus 
far,  has  carried  off  a  large  amount  of  same.      The 

*See  illustration  on  front  page. 


OOTOBBB  24,   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


268 


large  rocks  in  the  pit  are  removed  by  means  of  a 
gravity  tram,  automatic  (lumping,  operated  from  110 
feet  steel-girder  derrick.  It  is  the  intention  of  the 
company  to  install  a  specially  designed  steam  shovel 
for  removing  rocks.  T.  D.  Harris  is  manager  of  the 
company  and  P.  R.  Blount  of  New  York  is  president. 


The  Machine  Drill  in  Mining. 

The  employment  of  machine  rock  drills  in  mining 
operations  is  becoming  more  general  everywhere. 
Formerly  machine  drills  were  only  introduced  at  a 
mine  alter-  the  value  of  the  mine  had  been  actually 
proven  by  hand  work,  but  it  is  recognized  that  the 
cost  of  prospecting  and  development  may  be  lessened 
materially  by  the  use  of  rock  drills  to  as  great  an 
extent  as  in  the  operation  of  the  mine  after  a  large 
amount  of  exploratory  work  has  been  done.  Not 
only  is  the  cost  per  foot  lessened  by  the  use  of  ma- 
chine drills,  but  time  is  saved  in  performing  any 
work,  whether  drifting,   stoping,  sinking  or  raising. 


which  are  SO  important  in  hand  mining.     Generally 
it  may  be  assumed  that  a  miner   who  is    experii 
in    hand  drill   mining  will   place  his  machine  boles  to 
better  advantage   than   a   first-class  machinist  who, 

thoroughly    understanding   the  machine   drill,   knows 

little    of    rock    blasting.     The  illustrations  in  this 

article  arc  furnished  by  the  courtes\  of  the  Ingcr-oll 

Sergeant  Drill  Co.  of  New  York. 

Fig.  1  shows  a  column  bar  with  two  machines 
mounted  thereon.  It  also  shows  the  manner  of  pointing 
the  holes  as  viewed  from  the  side.     Fig.  2  shows  the 

position  of  the  holes  as  viewed  in  plan.  The  center 
is  known  as  "the  cut"  or  "key  block."  and  the  side 
holes  are  driven  in  what  are  sometimes  called  the 
curtains.  Holes  driven  straight  into  a  face  of  hard 
rock  never  prove  satisfactory,  and  can  be  broken  by 
the  strongest  nitro  powder  only  after  being  repeat- 
edly fired.  Pointing  the  holes  as  shown  in  Fig.  2, 
the  center  holes  should  be  shot  first  and  the  side  holes 
either  immediately  after  or  after  cleaning  up  the 
rock  broken  by  the  first  holes — usually  the  former. 

This  is  accomplished  by  one  of  two  means.  Either 
the  several  fuses  are  cut  of  such  length  that  the 
holes  will  be  exploded  in   the  desired  order-,  the  hole 


Fig.  i. — Method  of  Drilling  in  Heading. 


Fig.  2.—  Holes  for  Key  Block  and  Curtains. 


Fig.  3  - 
Electric 
Exploder. 


IBM.'  .-**■*-.,   .-- 


Fig.  4.— All  Ready  to  Blast  Out  Key  Rock. 


Fig.  5.-— Ready  to  Blast  Curtain  Walls  (Only). 


Fig.  6.— For  Final  Blast. 

Time  saved  is  capital  saved,  and  the  greater  the 
amount  of  money  invested  the  more  important  is  the 
element  of  time. 

It  is  a  good  plan  to  provide  a  small  compressor  and 
drill  plant  for  prospecting  and  development  work, 
the  plant  to  be  increased  later  if  the  mine  justifies 
such  additional  expense. 

It  were  useless  to  make  any  comparisons 
between  mining  operations  in  widely  sepa- 
rated regions,  and  such  comparison  is  almost 
as  unreliable  in  the  same  district,  but  it  is  gen- 
erally safe  to  say  that  in  a  hard  rock  country  any 
considerable  amount  of  mining  work  done  by  hand 
could  have  been  more  quickly  and  cheaply  done  had 
a  machine  drilling  plant  been  provided,  and  the  work 
done  by  experienced  men.  It  is  not  essential  that 
the  rock  work  should  be  under  ground  to  make  ma- 
chine drills  advisable.  Quarries  can  use  them  to 
great  advantage,  and  it  is  a  question  if  there  is  not 
as  high  a  percentage  of  saving  in  the  use  of  ma- 
chines in  outside  work  as  under  ground. 

In  the  employment  of  machine  drills,  in  order  to  de- 
rive the  greatest  benefit  and  thereby  make  the  great- 
est saving  of  time — which  means  money — it  is  essential 
that  the  miner  running  the  drill  be  carefully  instructed 
in  its  use  if  he  has  not  already  had  that  experience.  He 
must  also  be  a  good  judge  of  "ground,"  and  under- 
stand placing  the  drill  holes  to  advantage.  However, 
this  last  qualification  is  not  so  essential  as  a  knowl- 
edge of  the  machine,  and  how  to  handle  it,  for  this 
latter  is  always  important,  while  in  most  instances 
the  drill  holes  are  put  in  systematically  without  refer- 
ence  to   the  slips  and  seams,  grain  or  rift  of  rock, 


Fig.  7. — In  Position  to  Blast  Curtain  Walls  and  Sides. 


Fig.    8. — Connecting    up   and   Firing   a   Series    of    Holes    in 
Open  Quarry  Work. 

with  the  shortest  fuse  going  first,  followed  by  th 
others  in  the  order  of  their  respective  length 
of  fuse,  or  by  means  of  the  electric  blasting  outfit.  All 
miners  are  familiar  with  the  first  method,  which  is 
identical,  whether  for  hand  or  machines  drill  holes. 
The  electric  battery  exploder  is  coming  into  more 


extended  use.  The  cartridges  used  are  those  of  any 
nitro  powder  com], any.  in  every  respect  similar  to 
those  used  in  hand  or  machine  drill  work,  the  difference 
being  in  the  cap   or   exploder.      This  is  prepared  for 

the  express  purpose  of  Bring  blasts  by  electricity, 
and  is  illustrated  in  Fig  is.  The  exploder  consists  of  a 
shell  of  copper,  A,  partially  filled  with  fulminate  of 
rucr-cui-y.  I;,  which  is  sealed  in  the  tube  by  sulphur 
cement,  l-\  Through  this  plug,  and  projecting  into 
the  fulminate,  arc  the  ends  of  the  two  exploding 
wires.  C.  across  the  ends  of  which  is  soldered  a  short, 
thin  platinum  wire,  E.  This  is  placed  in  a  hole 
punched  in  the  nitro  powder  cartridge  and  the  far- 
ther ends  of  the  wires  connected  with  the  "push" 
blasting  machine.  This  machine  is  contained  in  a 
strong  wooden  box.  It  consists  of  a  powerful  electro- 
magnetic generator  operated  by  a  rack. 

When  the  holes  have  been  drilled  and  loaded  with 
the  powder,  including  the  cartridge  containing  the 
electric  exploder,  the  holes  are  tamped,  the  wires 
connected  with  each  other  throughout  the  series  and 
the  leading  wires  are  taken  back  and  connected  with 
the  battery.  When  all  is  in  readiness  the  man  who 
is  to  lire  the  holes,  being  at  a  safe  distance,  grasps 
the  handles  of  the  battery  and  pulls  them  slowly  to 
their  full  height.  He  then  pushes  down,  at  first 
slowly,  but  with  accelerating  speed  until  the  rack 
strikes  the  bottom  of  the  box.  when,  if  all  things 
have  been  properly  arranged,  the  holes  will  be  fired. 

Fig.  4  illustrates  a  tunnel  heading  ready  to  blast, 
with  the  electric  wires  connected  to  those  holes  (the 
cut)  which  it  is  desired  should  go  first.  Fig  5  shows 
the  curtain  holes  ready  to  blast,  and  Fig  6  shows  the 
heading  after  Fig.  5  has  been  fired,  and  is  wired  for 
blasting  the  side  holes.  Fig  7  illustrates  both  cur- 
tain and  side  holes  wired  ready  for  firing,  and  Fig.  8 
illustrates  the  manner  of  wiring  up  a  series  of  holes 
in  a  rock  quarry  where  it  is  desired  to  displace  a 
large  mass  of  rock  and  to  break  it  along  a  given  line. 

In  shaft  sinking  generally,  and  in  drifting  when  it 
is  necessary  to  carry  the  timbering  close  to  the  face, 
it  is  not  advisable  to  fire  all  of  the  holes  simultane- 
ously, as  it  may  damage  the  timbers  by  the  heavy 
discharge  of  flying  rock,  and  also  by  the  effect  of  the 
concussion. 

Machine  drills  are  made  to  meet  every  requirement 
of  modern  mining,  and  range  from  2-inch  pistons  up 
to  5«  inches.  In  stopes,  cut  in  moderately  hard 
ground,  the  smaller  machines  are  found  to  answer 
admirably.  

Milling  on  Douglas  Island,  Alaska.1' 

Written  by  R.  A.  Kinzie. 

The  ores  on  Douglas  Island  are  peculiarly  adapted 
to  the  methods  of  extraction  in  use.  The  gold  is  con- 
tained in  altered  syenite  in  the  form  of  free  gold  and 
in  the  sulphides,  the  principal  gold-bearing  minerals 
being  pyrite,  arsenopyrite,  molybdenite  and  calcite. 
The  ore  on  the  surface  has  been  subject  to  little  oxi- 
diziug  action,  and  that  on  the  lowest  level  is  more, 
free-milling  than  that  in  the  surface  pits.  It  has 
been  found  that  48.04%  of  the  gold  is  caught  on  the 
plates  by  amalgamation  and  the  balance  is  contained 
in  the  sulphurets  and  tailings. 

The  crushers  are  placed  in  the  head  frames  of  the 
various  mines  and  are  of  the  gyratory  type.  When 
the  ore  is  hoisted  out  of  the  mine  it  is  spilled  by  self- 
dumping  skips  on  a  grizzly  formed  by  1-inch  by  10-foot 
pieces  of  iron,  bolted  together  by  1-inch  iron  bars  and 
placed  2  inches  apart  by  disc-shaped  pieces  of  cast 
iron.  The  over-size  from  the  grizzlies  goes  to  the 
crushers  and  the  under-size  passes  through  into  the 
ore  bins  beneath  the  crushers. 

Too  much  stress  can  not  be  laid  upon  the  effect  of 
efficient  crushing  as  related  to  the  duty  and  output 
of  a  stamp  mill.  This  is  particularly  true  on  the 
island,  where,  the  crushing  capacity  is  in  excess  of 
the  demand  and  where  there  is  abundant  water 
power,  which  costs  practically  nothing.  '  During  the 
past  year  the  duty  of  the  mills  has  been  increased 
over  one  ton  per  stamp  hi  twenty-four  hours,  and, 
without  doubt,  50%  of  this  increase  has  been  caused 
by  setting  the  crushers  to  break  the  rock  20% 
smaller.  An  efficient  crushing  plant  for  mines  simi- 
lar to  the  Treadwell  would  consist  of  four  Gates 
crushers,  arranged  in  pairs,  one  above  the  other,  the 
upper  to  be  of  such  a  size  that  they  would  receive 
rocks  18x36  inches,  and  the  lower  to  turn  out  a  pro- 
duct not  larger  than  1J  inch  in  diameter.  The  rock, 
when  hoisted,  would  be  dumped  on  grizzlies  with  5-inch 
spacing  between  bars,  the  over-size  going  to  the  up- 
per crushers,  the  under-size  falling  on  a  second  grizzly 
with  bars  set  1J  inch  apart — over-size  going  to  the 
lower  pair  of  crushers  and  under-size  passing  into  the 
storage  bins.  The  product  from  the  upper  pair  of 
coarse  crushers  to  be  spilled  on  a  grizzly  with  bars 
1J  inch  apart,  the  over-size  going  to  the  lower 
crusher  and  the  under-size  and  crushed  product  from 
the  lower  crushers  falling  into  the  bin.  If  the  above 
method  were  used  it  would  do  away  with  a  great  deal 
of  the  "bulldozing  "'in  the  mines,  making  appreciable 
reduction  in  cost  of  mining. 

There  are  three  different  methods  in  use  for  con- 
veying ore  from  the  crusher  bins  to  the  mill  ore  bins. 
At  the  Treadwell  small  locomotives  are  used,  draw- 

*  Abstract  Trans.  Amer,  Inst.  JYTin.  Engrs. 


269 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


ing  trains  of  six  cars,  each  car  holding  21  tons.  At 
the  Mexican,  where  the  crusher  and  mill  are  practi- 
cally under  one  roof,  the  2J-ton  cars  are  pushed  by 
hand;  while  at  the  Ready  Bullion  the  ore  is  handled 
by  a  gravity  tram  operating  a  train  of  four  21 -ton 
cars,  the  cars  being  returned  by  means  of  a  small 
winding  engine  at  the  crusher  bin.  The  tracks  from 
the  crusher  ore  bin  are  continued  along  the  top  of 
the  mill  ore  bins,  so  that  the  ore  can  be  dumped  di- 
rectly from  the  cars  into  the  bins. 

In  the  300  and  240  Treadwell  stamp  mills  the 
stamps  are  arranged  back  to  back,  and  the  bottoms 
of  the  bins  are  made  in  the  shape  of  an  inverted  V,  so 
that  the  ore  will  be  equally  divided  and  fed  uniformly 
to  the  stamps  on  either  side.  In  the  other  mills, 
where  the  stamps  are  arranged  in  a  single  row,  the 
bottom  of  the  ore  bins,  from  a  point  8  feet  below  the 


Arrangement  Alaska  Gold  Mill. 


track,  is  given  a  slope  of  45°  to  the  open  ore  chutes 
at  the  level  of  the  cam  floor.  The  bins  are  double- 
boarded,  and  on  the  side  next  the  stamps  are  lined 
with  }-inch  steel  plate  to  protect  them  from  the 
scouring  action  of  the  rock.  From  the  bins  the  ore 
is  taken  out  by  openings  at  the  level  of  the  cam  floor 
and  conveyed  by  chutes  to  the  hoppers  of  the  Chal- 
lenge feeders.  The  300-Treadwell,  Ready  Bullion  and 
700-Foot  mills  are  provided  with  suspended  Challenge 
feeders.  Both  types  are  central  feeders,  the  bumper 
rod  being  placed  next  to  the  central  stamp,  guided  in 
the  usual  way.. 

There  are  three  kinds  of  mortars  in  use  on  the  island. 
The  300-Treadwell,  Ready  Bunion  and  700-Foot  mills 
use  Fraser  &  Chalmers'  No.  67-A  type;  the  Mexican 
uses  the  Fraser  &  Chalmers'  No.  67,  while 
the  240-Treadwell  mill  uses  a  special  mor- 
tar. End  and  side  liners  are  used  in  all 
the  mills,  and  false  bottoms  are  used,  ex- 
cept in  the  240  Treadwell  mill,  where  the 
die  rests  on  the  bottom  of  the  mortar. 
The  false  bottoms  and  liners  are  cast  at 
the  company's  foundry.  The  false  bottoms 
consist  of  a  piece  of  cast  iron  3  inches 
thick  and  of  the  width  and  shape  of  the 
flange  portion  of  the  die.  Their  object  is 
to  protect  the  bottom  of  the  mortar  from 
excessive  wear. 

The  stamps  in  the  300-Treadwell,  Ready  Bullion, 
Mexican  and  700-Foot  mills  weigh  1020  pounds,  while 
those  in  the  240-Treadwell  weigh,  when  new,  850 
pounds.  The  stems,  tappets,  boss-heads  and  shoes 
are  joined  in  the  usual  maimer.  A  shoe  lasts  three 
months  and  crushes  489  tons  of  ore,  which  means  that 
0.27  pound  of  iron  is  consumed  per  ton  of  rock 
crushed.  The  dies  are  cast  at  the  company's 
foundry  and  last  on  an  average  4.49  months,  crushing 
732  tons  and  consuming  0. 16  pound  of  iron  per  ton 
crushed. 

There  is  no  part  of  a  mill  so  essential  to  its  efficiency 


as  a  good  mortar  foundation.  There  are  two  kinds  used 
on  Douglas  Island.  The  Ready  Bullion,  700-Foot  and 
the  300 -stamp  mill  at  the  Treadwell  have  concrete 
foundations,  capped  by  cast  iron  anvil  blocks,  while 
the  Mexican  and  the  Treadwell  240-stamp  mills  have 
the  ordinary  wood  foundation. 

On  account  of  the  peculiar  climatic  conditions  at 
Douglas  Island,  the  life  of  a  wooden  foundation  of  the 
best  Oregon  or  Douglas  fir  has  been  about  six  years. 
It  then  commences  to  rot,  causing  the  mortar  bolts 
to  loosen,  which  results  in  an  uneven  wearing  of  the 
top  surface  of  the  block.  The  life  of  the  mortar  block 
can  be  prolonged  from  six  months  to  a  year  by  plan- 
ing down  the  top  and  leveling  it  by  placing  strips  of 
rubber  belting  between  the  mortar  block  and  the 
mortar,  in  case  the  decay  has  been  confined  to  the 
surface,  while  the  interior  of  the  block  remains]sound. 
The  blocks  are  built  in  the  usual  way,  with  four  pieces 
of  Oregon  pine,  1  foot  28  inches  by  26  inches,  bolted 
together  by  iron  bolts.  The  holes  for  the  anchor  bolts 
are  drilled  into  the  mortar  block  from  above,  at  dis- 
tances apart  corresponding  to  those  on  the  flange  of 
the  mortar.  At  a  distance  of  4  feet  below  the  top, 
holes  are  cut  to  receive  the  nuts  and  washers  that 
secure  the  lower  end  of  the  bolts.  It  is  evident  that 
when  the  decay  of  the  wood  penetrates  to,  say,  a 
depth  of  4  inches,  there  is  no  longer  a  secure  fasten- 
ing for  the  mortar  and  the  mortar  block  becomes  use- 
less. If  a  2-inch  iron  rod  be  passed  through  the  ends 
of  opposite  mortar  bolts  and  through  the  block,  the 
life  of  the  foundation  will  be  prolonged  from  two  to 
four  years.  The  best  wooden  block  is  one  built  up  of 
2-inch  plank,  bolted  and  nailed  together,  and  the  mor- 
tar bolts  fastened  as  above. 

Fig.  1  shows  the  character  of  foundation  used  in 
the  newer  mills,  Soon  after  the  mills  were  started  it 
was  noticed  that  the  edges  of  the  concrete  next  to 
the  mortar  showed  signs  of  crumbling.  The  mortars 
were  then  raised  and  a  sheet  of  Hnch  rubber  belt  in- 
serted between  the  mortar  and  the  anvil  block.  This 
lessened  the  crumbling,  but  did  not  stop  it,  and  dur- 
ing the  third  year  full  one-quarter  of  the  mortar 
blocks  in  the  mill  had  their  anchor  bolts  broken  off  at 
the  point  of  contact  of  the  concrete  and  the  anvil 
block.  In  nearly  every  instance,  on  removing  the 
anvil  block,  it  was  found  that  when  the  foundation 
was  installed,  instead  of  surfacing  up  the  concrete  to 
the  correct  level,  it  was  allowed  to  set;  then  cement 
was  poured  in  between  the  anvil  block  and  the  already 
hardened  concrete  to  raise  the  foundation  to  its 
proper  height  and  level.  This  caused  a  plane  of  weak- 
ness and  consequent  crumbling,  resulting  in  the 
breaking.  The  above  condition  might  be  remedied  in 
the  first  instance  by  properly  finishing  the  concrete, 
and  making  it  8  inches  wider  on  either  side  than  the 
bottom  of  the  anvil  block,  as  shown  in  Fig.  1.  With 
the  above  exceptions,  the  concrete  foundation  with 
the  anvil  block  has  answered  the  purpose  for  which 
it  was  designed,  and,  with  a  few  minor  changes,  it  is 
preferable  to  the  wooden  foundation,  under  the  condi- 
tions existing  on  Douglas  Island. 

(to  be  continued.) 


The  Metallurgy  of  the  Homestake  Ore.* 


NUMBER  in— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  C.  W.  Mekkill,  B.  S. 

The  cupel  slag  and  the  cupel  bottom  are  put 
through  the  blast  furnace,  the  lead  content  of 
the  slag  reduces  to  lead,  which  absorbs  the  values, 
and  is  drawn  from  the  lead  well  in  the  usual  manner. 
This  lead  is  returned  to  the  cupel  at  the  next  clean- 
up, the  litharge  from  the  cupellation  goes  to  the  next 
precipitate,  and  the  blast  furnace  slag  is  worth  less 
than  $5  per  ton. 

The  total  cost  of  this  refining  amounts  to  less  than 
I  of  1%;  so  that  the  Homestake  Co.  realizes  $20.52 
per  ounce  for  its  cyanide  gold,  less  the  usual  U.  S. 
Assay  Office  charges  on  dore  bullion,  and  the  ex- 
pressage  to  New  York.  These  charges  amount  to 
between  10  and  11  cents;  and  the  net  realization  per 
ounce  of  fine  gold  precipitated  is  thus  $20.42  in  New 


of  such  determinations — was  attained  in  October, 
1902,  when  40,236  tons,  or  1298  tons  per  day,  were 
treated.  This  gives  to  the  Homestake  Co.  the  larg- 
est sand  treatment  cyanide  plant  in  the  world;  the 
next  largest  being,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge,  that 
of  Simmer  &  Jack  in  South  Africa. 

Percentage:  As  a  comparison  of  the  various 
assay  determinations  and  valuations  with  the  bullion 
produced  is  always  of  interest,  the  following  figures 
for  the  last  half  of  the  year  1902  are  given: 

Extraction. — The  extraction,  as  shown  by  the  dif- 
ference between  charge  and  residue  assay  multiplied 
by  the  tonnage,  was  $292,579. 

Precipitation. — The  precipitation,  as  shown  by  the 
difference  between  assays  of  unprecipitated  and  pre- 
cipitated solutions  multiplied  by  the  solution  tonnage, 
was  $301,233. 

Gold  in  Precipitates. — The  amount  of  gold  in  pre- 
cipitates, that  is,  the  assay  value  of  the  precipitate 
sampled  upon  removal  from  the  presses,  was  $302,- 
895;  the  gold  value  of  bullion  shipped,  $307,635,  and 
the  silver  value,  $2874. 

The  average  percentage  recovered  in  bullion  by 
the  treatment  for  these  six  months  is  74.7%. 

This  is  not  as  high  a  percentage  of  bullion  as 
'should  be  recovered  from  a  porous  or  oxidized  ore,  or 
one  in  which  the  values  are  along  cleavage  planes; 
but,  in  view  of  the  facts  that  such  a  high  percentage 
is  recovered  by  amalgamation,  that  the  values  are 
very  finely  disseminated  in  the  Homestake  ore,  and 
that  the  tailings  are  very  low-grade,  we  feel,  and  all 
our  tests  so  far  have  verified  our  conclusions,  that  it 
is  the  economic  percentage,  yielding  the  maximum 
net  profit. 

Many  tests  and  experimental  runs  of  the  plant, 
looking  toward  a  greater  net  yield,  have  been  made, 
covering  longer  treatment,  stronger  and  weaker 
solutions,  extra  oxidation  with  sodium  and  barium 
dioxide,  and  other  similar  reagents,  varying  alkalin- 
ities  and  alkaline  reagents,  etc.  The  question  of 
separate  treatment  of  concentrates  and  coarse  sands 
has  also  been  investigated,  all  with  negative  results. 
The  conclusion  of  the  writer  in  regard  to  this  latter 
point  is  that,  even  if  a  higher  net  yield  could  be  real- 
ized by  separate  treatment,  which  is  contrary  to  the 
results  of  all  our  tests,  a  much  greater  proportion  of 
the  fines  (passing  200-mesh  screen)  would  have  to  be 
thrown  off  and  wasted,  entailing  a  serious  net  loss. 

Costs:  As  to  operating  costs  at  the  Lead  cyanide 
plant,  the  following  are  the  averages  per  ton  for  the 
year  1902,  during  which  the  average  value  of  the  ma- 
terial treated  was  $1.65  per  ton: 

Classification — Labor  and  Supplies $  -017 

Treatment— 

Cyanide S  .152 

Labor 030 

Lime 022 

Supplies 005 

»  .209  .209 

Precipitation— Labor  and  supplies 026 

Power — Labor  and  supplies 051 

Water 020 

Assaying— Labor  and  supplies 013 

Refining — Labor  and  supplies 006 

Miscellaneous 0&5 

Total *   353 

As  compared   with  the  above,  the  lowest  costs  I 

have  seen  authoritatively  stated  for  other  plants  are 

as  follows: 

City  &  Suburban,  South  Africa $  .55 

Geidenhuis  Estate,  South  Africa 605 

Geldenhuis  Deep,  South  Africa 62 

Robinson,  South  Africa 62 

Worcester,  South  Africa 72 

The  African  costs  refer,  of  course,  to  operations 
before  the  late  war  between  England  and  the  South 
African  Republic;  but  they  are  the  only  figures 
available  to  me,  and  I  do  not  think  they  have  been 
reduced  materially  since. 

As  regards  the  Homestake  slimes,  which  are  not 
at  present  being  treated,  their  assay  value  ranges 
from  SO.  80  to  $1.10  per  ton,  which  is  very  much  lower 
than  that  of  any  slimes  now  being  cyanided  else- 
where, and  which  does  not  offer  much  inducement  to 
undertake  their  hydrometallurgical  treatment  as  a 
whole.  It  is  the  writer's  judgment,  however,  that  a 
material  profit,  greater  than  that  attainable  by  any 
method  of  treating  the  whole  bulk  of  slimes,  may  be 


Section  through  Oahler  of 
Filter  Press  House 


Plan  of  Cone  House 


Section  Through  Center  of  Cyanide  Building. 


York  exchange.  A  parting  plant  is  now  contem- 
plated, which  will  make  a  further  saving  in  this  con- 
nection and  enable  the  company  to  turn  out  fine  gold 
and  fine  silver. 

Tonnage,  Percentage  and  Costs.— Tonnage:  The 
maximum  monthly  tonnage  of  this  plant — which  is 
ascertained  by  placing  cubic-foot  boxes  in  many 
parts  of  various  vats,  determining  the  dry  weights 
per  cubic  foot  of  sand  and  averaging  a  large  number 

'Read  at  Am.  Min.  Congress,  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  and  to  be  read  at 
Oct.  meeting  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.,  New  York  City. 


recovered  by  concentrating  these  slimes  and  cyanid- 
ing  the  concentrates  so  obtained;  and  experiments 
on  a  working  scale  will  shortly  be  undertaken  along 
these  lines. 


To  "  square  a  circle  "  is  to  construct  geometrically 
a  square  equal  in  area  to  a  circle  of  given  diameter, 
or  to  state  in  terms  of  its  radius  the  exact  area  of  a 
circle,  a  problem  shown  by  modern  research  not  to 
admit  of  a  vigorous  solution,  says  the  Standard  Dic- 
tionary. 


in  24,   1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


2*0 


Electricity  in  Gold  Extraction. 

Tin-  gold  with  which  we  are  mosl  concerned  is  thai 
which  occurs  in  metallic  form  in  quartz  and  quartz- 
[ferous  rocks,  accompanied  only  by  the  usual  impuri- 
Buch  as  pyrites,  mispickel,  etc.,  says  the  Elec 
trical  Review,  and  alloyed  with  small  quantities  of 
silver,  platinum,  rhodium,  etc.  Copper  and  lead  ores 
in  which  it  is  present  are  1  .i-st  left  for  discussion  when 
Sealing  w ith  these  metals. 

The  Classification  of  Gold  < >hes. — The  gold  ore8 
can  be  conveniently  divided  into  two  classes:  (a) 
"free  milling"  and  •■alluvial"  ores,  and  (b)  "refrac- 
tory" ores.  These  two  classes  sometimes  overlap, 
as.  for  instance,  when  il  becomes  necessary  to  treat 
an  ere  by  an  amalgamation  process  and  the  tailings 
from  this  process  by  a  subsequent  ehlorination  or 
cyaniding  process.  The  washing  and  amalgamation 
of  free  milling  and  alluvial  ores  are  both  simple  and 
Inexpensive  matters,  and  in  all  probability  the  only 
difficulty  that   electricity  can  ever  be  made  to  over- 

<•( ■  has  already  been  successfully  met   by  the  Mol- 

lov  process,  in  which  the  mercury  is  used  as  a  cath- 
ode in  dilute  sodium  sulphate.  By  this  means  a  "film 
of  hydrogen"  is  formed  on  the  mercury,  or,  perhaps. 
it  is  mure  correct  to  say  that  a  small  quantity  of 
sodium  is  deposited  into  the  mercury  and  any  oxida- 
tion of  its  surface  consequently  prevented,  so  that 
the  prevention  of  "sickening"  is  successfully  accom- 
plished, the  surface  remaining  bright  and  more  easily 
catching  up  and  retaining  tin-  line  gold.  If  the  price 
of  sodium  metal  falLs  sufficiently,  it  is  possible  that  the 
mere  direct  means  of  keeping  the  mercury  bright  by 
simply  adding  sodium  to  it  will  again  be  resorted  to. 

Processing  Refractory  Ores. — The  case  is  some- 
what different  with  regard  to  refractory  ores  or  tail- 
ings which  have  refused  to  give  up  a  large  propor- 
tion of  their  gold  to  the  amalgamation  plates.  In  the 
ordinary  way  two  courses  are  open  for  the  treat- 
ment of  such  materials — they  must  be  chlorinated  or 
cyanided.  If  they  are  chlorinated,  a  somewhat  com- 
plicated plant  is  required  and  the  chlorine  has  itself 
K>  be  made,  which  is  a  fairly  expensive  matter  in  dis- 
tricts where  it  is  usually  carried  on.  The  ore  is  then 
leached  and  the  resulting  dilute  solution  of  gold  re- 
duced by  charcoal,  sulphurous  acid  or  ferrous  sul- 
phate, methods  in  themselves  efficient  and  satisfac- 
tory, but  somewhat  cumbersome. 

Thk  Work  ok  the  Electrician. — A  fair  amount  of 
attention  has  been  given  by  the  electrician  to  this 
part  of  the  problem,  but  as  a  rule  it  has  seemed 
as  though  the  position  of  affairs  had  not  been  fully 
understood.  As  already  pointed  out,  a  really  free 
milling-  ore  is  better  left  to  the  devices  of  the  gold 
miner,  and  the  electrician  need  only  turn  his  atten- 
tion to  the  refractory  ores.  In  many  electrolytic  pro- 
cesses the  ore  is  stirred  up  in  a  vat  with  a  solution  of 
common  salt.  Carbon  anodes  are  continually  agi- 
tated in  this  mud  and  serve  to  liberate  chlorine,  which 
immediately  acts  upon  the  gold  and  dissolves  it.  The 
cathode  is  of  mercury  and  is  intended  to  catch  all 
gold  reduced  into  it  from  the  chloride  of  gold  solution 
in  the  vat.  There  is  reason  to  believe  that  all  gold 
which  is  naturally  sufficiently  finely  divided,  together 
with  any  float  gold,  is  largely  chlorinated  and  volta- 
ically  reduced.  The  bulk  of  mud  being  treated  by 
such  a  method  is,  however,  very  large.  There  may 
be,  for  instance,  several  tons  of  mud  being  continu- 
ously stirred  and  electrolyzed  for  a  long  period  of 
time  in  a  complicated  and  expensive  apparatus,  in- 
volving large,  wear  and  tear  and  unavoidable  loss  of 
mercury.  For  this  reason  this  method  has  not 
attained  to  much  commercial  importance. 

The  Cvanihe  Process. — The  other  way  of  dealing 
with  a  refractory  ore  is  by  the  cyanide  method. 
Here  is  an  almost  perfect  process  in  which  electric- 
ity, although  not  essential,  may  be  employed  to  make 
it  more  perfect.  The  main  disadvantages  in  the  cya- 
nide process  are  the  excessive  time  required  for  the 
cyanide  to  dissolve  the  gold,  the  poisonous  nature  and 
the  high  cost  of  the  cyanide.  The  excessive  length 
of  time  required  for  the  dissolving  is  to  some  extent 
accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  air  is  required  in  the 
reaction,  oxygen  or  some  other  oxidizing  agent,  in 
fact,  seems  to  be  necessary,  and  on  a  small  scale,  it  is 
possible  to  hasten  the  reaction  by  the  use  of  some 
such  oxidizing  agent  as  bromine,  but  in  practice  it 
does  not  appear  practicable.  A  very  weak  solution, 
indeed,  is  theoretically  needed  to  dissolve  the  gold 
from  an  average  ore,  say  0.005%  or  less,  but  in  prac- 
tice it  is  found  necessary  to  use  0.05%  cyanide  to 
dissolve  the  gold.  Even  this  is  too  weak  to  enable 
the  zinc  afterward  to  precipitate  the  gold  from  the 
solution,  so  that  it  is  found  necessary  to  use  five  or 
even  ten  times  as  much  cyanide  for  this  reason.  On 
the  Rand,  in  South  Africa,  a  solution  of  about  0.3% 
cyanide  is  generally  used. 

Electrical  Reduction.  —  Attention  has  been 
directed  to  the  electrical  reduction  of  gold  and 
regeneration  of  the  solution  with  some  degree  of  suc- 
cess, the.  solution  being  made  to  pass  slowly  between 
the  electrodes,  the  gold  being  plated  onto  the  cath- 
ode in  the.  ordinary  way.  Out  or  the  several  processes 
devised  for  this  purpose  one  of  the  most  successful 
has  been  that  of  Siemens  &  Halske.  In  this  process 
iron   anodes   and  lead  cathodes  are  used.     When  the 


cathodes  are  sufficiently  coated  with  gold  they  are 
cupelled  for  the  precious  metal.  One  of  the  advan- 
tages of  electrical  processes  over  the  ordinary  meth- 
ods is  that  they  enable  a  much  weaker  solution  of 
potasssium  cyanide  to  be  used  than  is  necessary  for 
the  spontaneous  precipitation  of  the  gold  by  metallic 
zinc,  and  the  strength  of  the  solution  may  then  be 
influenced  only  by  that  necessary  for  dissolving  the 
gold  from  the  ore.  thus  saving  a  considerable  loss  in 
cyanide.  The  electrical  method  of  precipitation  is 
gaining  headway  in  South  Africa  and  in  New  Zea- 
land, According  to  a.  von  Gernet,  the  cost  of  elec- 
trical precipitation  for  a  plant  on  the  Kami,  treating 
500  tons  of  gold  ore  per  day.  is  as  follows: 

Pence  per  Ton  »>f 
Ore  Treated. 

Cyanide .  :i  i 

Filling      .  in  ii 

Fuel,  power  unci  lime  ......  t.G 

Lubor.  native  and  white  S.O 

I.'  ;i'f  :i  ml  iron  ...........  1  H 

Charge  due  to  extra  cost  of  plant  0.6 

Stores  mill  general.  :i  'j 

Total 30.3 

According  to  another  authority,  as  much  as  99% 
of  the  total  gold  in  I  he  solution  can  be  separated  on 
the  cathodes,  and  a  strength  of  0.5%  cyanide  (pro- 
vided that  there  is  no  cyanicide  in  the  ore)  is  sufficient 
to  dissolve  the  gold  at  a  reasonable  rate.  The  cur- 
rent density  generally  stated  to  be  most  desirable  is 
from  0.03  to  0.06  ampere  per  square,  foot  of  cathode 
surface  and  the  voltage  from  four  to  six  volts.  The 
time  required  to  deposit  the  whole  of  the  gold  held  in 
solution  seems  to  vary  considerably,  according  to  the 
efficiency  of  the  circulation  of  the  liquid,  but  Cowper- 
Coles,  by  his  process,  claims  to  have  deposited  from 
a  0.01%  solution  of  potassium  cyanide,  containing  2.5 
pennyweights  of  gold  per  ton,  95%  of  the  total  in  ten 
hours,  the  rate  of  flow  of  liquid  being  fifteen  gallons 
per  100  hours  for  every  cubic  foot  of  cell  or  3  square 
feet  of  cathode  surface. 

Electricity  in  the  Cyanide  Process. — Many  sug- 
gestions have  been  made  for  aiding  the  dissolution  of 
the  gold  in  the  cyanide  by  electrical  means,  but  the 
fundamental  principle  upon  which  they  are  based  is 
weak.  It  is  an  obvious  impossibility  to  bring  any 
reasonable  proportion  of  the  fine  gold  into  contact 
with  an  anode,  however  it  may  be  constructed,  and 
the  mere  passing  of  the  current  through  the  mud, 
and  thus  using  the  small  gold  particles  as  "  interme- 
diate "  or  "secondary"  electrodes,  can  not  be  ex- 
pected to  help  matters  at  all,  since,  the  particles 
being  so  small,  the  current  would  prefer  to  go  round 
them  to  passing  through  them,  and  thus  would  be  of 
no  service.  Even  if  a  small  proportion  did  go 
through  these  particles  of  gold,  the  efficiency  of  the 
process  would  be  almost  nil.  "--.... 


Home-Made  Oil  Filter. 

In  small  plants  where  the  owners  do  not  think  they 
can  afford  the  luxury  of  an  oil  filter,  a  very  satisfac- 
tory filter  can  be  made  from  the  following  directions: 
The  accompanying  drawing  represents  an  oil  filter 
whieh  the  writer  made  for  use  in  a  plant  which 
needed  one.     The  tank  was  of  galvanized   iron,  14 


Home-Made  Oil  Filtet. 

inches  in  diameter  by  30  inches  long.  A  is  a  shallow 
tank  made  to  fit  inside  of  tank  B,  with  a  slanting  bot- 
tom into  which  the  tube  C  is  soldered,  the  latter  be- 
ing l£xl91  inches.  D  is  a  perforated  tin  plate,  and 
E  is  a  layer  of  felt  of  the  same  size  as  the  plate 
Cock  P  is  placed  14}  inches  above  the  bottom  of  the 
tank  and  is  to  draw  the  oil,  and  cock  G  is  to  drain 
the  tank  when  necessary. 

In  action  the  oil  is  poured  into  the  receiving  tank 
A,  where  it  drains  through  the  felt  and  screen,  and 
flows  down  the  inside  of  the  tube  C.  Passing  out 
from  the  bottom  of  the  tube  the  oil  ascends  drop  by 
drop  to  the  surface  of  the  water  surrounding  tube 
C.  The  water  level  is  kept  constant  by  means  of 
the  overflow  pipe  H,  which  is  13  inches  long  inside 
the  tank  and  is  tapped  into  the  latter  at  a  point  14 
inches  from,  the  bottom.  The  valve  of  this  pipe  is 
open  at  all  times  to  allow  the  escape  of  excess  water. 
A  gauge  glass  is  in  addition,  but  can  be  dispensed 
with. 


A  Convenient  Mine  Switch. 


One  of  the,  greatest  sources  of  annoyance  and  loss 

of  time  iii  mines  is  poorly  constructed  tracks  ami 
switches.  The  latter,  particularly  if  oo1  made 
with  care,  frequently  cause  the  derailment  of  cars. 

which  arc  usually  loaded,  with  the  constant  stopping 
ol  traffic  and  loss  of  time  in  replacing  the  car  on  the 
track.  Switches  may  be  built  with  "  frogs  "  in  the 
same  manner  as  railroads,  but  these  are  expensive 
and  not  essential  for  the  light  traffic  of  most  mines. 
Switches  should  be  so  built  that  they  will  not  become 
clogged  with  rocks  or  other  mine  debris.   The  accom- 


Convenient  Mine  Switch. 

panying  sketch  shows  a  good  form  of  mine  switch — 
the  single,  movable  rail.  The  rail  must  be  shifted  by 
the  trammer  or  some  other  person,  but  this  can  be 
readily  done  with  the  foot.  There  are  no  frogs  to 
become  clogged,  and  a  switch  of  this  description  is 
easily  kept  clean.  The  movable  pointed  rail  is  held 
in  place  by  a  pin  driven  through  a  hole  provided  by 
the  blacksmith  at  the  upper  end  of  the  rail,  at  which 
place  it  rests  on  an  iron  plate,  as  shown.  The  pin 
passes  through  the  iron  plate  and  to  a  depth  of  not 
less  than  3  inches  into  the  tie.  It  should  be  so  made 
that,  if  desired,  the  switch  tongue  may  be  lifted  out 
and  any  obstruction  removed  from  beneath  it.  A  tie 
should  also  be  so  placed  that  the  point  of  the  switch 
shall  rest  upon  it  at  either  side  of  the  track.  This  is 
not  properly  illustrated  in  the  sketch. 


Electrical  Furnace  Experiments. 

An  interesting  experiment  is  described  by  M.  Ch. 
Pery  in  a  recent  issue  of  Le  Genie  Civil.  The  experi- 
ment, which  was  made  to  test  the  accuracy  of  an 
optical  pyrometer  of  his  devising,  consisted  in  the 
fractional  distillation  of  brass  in  an  electric  furnace. 
This  furnace  took  600  amperes  at  80  volts,  and  with 
it  11  pounds  of  copper  could  be  boiled  off  in  six  min- 
utes. On  charging  it  with  brass  containing  37%  of 
zinc,  the  temperature  rose  in  half  a  minute  to  the 
boiling  point  of  zinc,  which  was  found  to  be  about 
1100°  C.  This  temperature  remained  nearly  constant 
for  one  minute,  which  sufficed  to  get  rid  of  all  the  zinc, 
and  in  two  minutes  more  the  boiling  point  of  copper 
was  reached,  which  was  found  to  be  2100°  C.  The 
copper  left  in  the  furnace  at  the  end  of  the  experi- 
ment contained  barely  a  trace  of  zinc  and  Was  very 
nearly  pure,  though  a  little  carbon  was  mixed  with 
it  in  the  form  of  graphite. 

The  pyrometer  used  in  these  experiments  is  of  a 
very  interesting  type.  It  has  the  advantage  that  no 
portion  of  it  is  exposed  to  a  really  high  temperature, 
its  indications  being  dependent  on  the  fact  that  the 
total  radiation  emitted  by  a  "theoretically  black" 
body  varies  as  the  fourth  power  of  the  absolute  tem- 
perature. The  interior  of  any  furnace,  into  which 
there  is  but  a  small  opening  acts  as  a  theoretically 


271 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


black  body.  M.  Fery's  method  of  measuring  the 
temperature,  however,  is  to  receive  the  radiation, 
from  a  small  opening  into  such  a  furnace,  on  a  ther- 
mopile so  shielded  that  the  amount  of  radiation  re- 
ceived is  independent,  within  limits  of  the  distance  of 
the  couple  from  the  opening.  This  thermopile  is 
connected  to  a  D'Arsonval  galvanometer,  and  the 
temperature  is  estimated  from  the  observed  deflection 
in  the  usual  way.  In  cases  in  which  it  is  impossible 
to  have  an  opening  direct  into  the  furnace,  M.  Fery 
builds  a  small  muffle  into  the  wall  of  the  furnace  and 
obtains  his  temperature  readings  by  pointing  his  in- 
strument at  the  interior  of  this  muffle. 


Cyanide  Plant  and  Practice  at  Ymir 
Mine,  British  Columbia.* 


NO.  n.— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  Edwin  C.  Holden. 

"Where  there  is  enough  head  room  to  give  distribu- 
tor arms  3-inch  grade  per  foot,  arms  of  1  inch  diam- 
eter, or  even  smaller,  could  be  used  without  danger 
of  clogging.  This  would  be  an  improvement  upon 
the  usual  form,  which  has  1.5  inch  arms  at  1.5  inch 
grade;  for  it  would  approach  the  ideal  conditions  re- 
quiring a  maximum  number  of  arms  fed  from  a  full 
hopper. 

Continuous,  uniform  charging  is  essential  to  make 
a  good  charge;  hence,  so  far  as  possible,  stamp  mill 
hang-ups  were  made  between  charges.  When,  how- 
ever, an  emergency  hang-up  was  made  with  a  charge 
incomplete,  a  gentle  hydraulic  current  was  started 
under  the  filter  in  the  vat;  the  water  feed  to  the  dis- 
tributor was  increased;  and,  when  charging  was  re- 
commenced, the  settlers  were  run  with  a  strong 
hydraulic  current  for  a  few  minutes,  allowing  only 
the  coarse  sands  to  settle.  Despite  every  precaution, 
however,  a  slime  layer  will  mark  in  the  charge  every 
mill  hang-up  of  over  ten  minutes'  duration. 

The  overflows  from  the  vats  and  the  separators 
were  combined  before  they  reached  the  overflow 
sampler,  so  that  I  cannot  give  separate  figures  on 
the  vat  and  box  separations.  The  longest  distribu- 
tor arms  occasionally  make  a  wave  strong  enough  to 
throw  over  a  little  of  the  liner  sands  into  the  over- 
flow launder,  so  that  of  the  combined  overflow  1.1% 
was  caught  on  a  100-mesh  screen.  Much  of  this 
coarse  residue,  however,  was  wood  fiber  from  the 
mine  and  flumes. 

The  classification  of  values  in  charges  and  over- 
flows was  marked,  the  average  'assays  and  screen 
tests  for  the  year  being: 

Through 

Au.  Ag.  100-Mesh. 

Oz.  Per  Ton.    Oz.  Per  Ton.    Per  Cent. 

Vanner  tails 0.0838  l.oos  04.86 

Charges.: 0.0931  0.637  50.70 

Overflows 0.0621  1.878  98.90 

The  high  silver  in  the  overflow  is  due  to  its  asso- 
ciation with  galena  in  the  slimes. 

The  system  of  classification,  it  must  be  admitted, 
was  crude;  and  if  the  plant  were  pushed  to  its  full 
capacity,  close  hydraulic  classification,  yielding  a 
clean,  quick  percolating  charge,  would  be  necessary; 
but,  as  run  at  this  time,  the  system  was  very  satis- 
factory, for  it  settled  and  treated  a  total  of  70.1%  of 
vanner  tailings.  When  we  were  treating  oxidized 
ore,  charges  could  not  be  successfully  treated  that 
carried  over  45%  of  fines. 

With  all  the  stamps  dropping,  a  vat  was  filled  in 
from  twenty-eight  to  thirty-two  hours;  but  during 
the  last  quarter  of  1902  it  required  from  forty-eight 
to  sixty  hours.  The  experimental  work  called  for 
five  days'  treatment;  but,  with  the  reduced  crushing, 
we  increased  the  proportion  of  slimes  settled,  and 
treated  charges  as  long  as  our  capacity  allowed — the 
average  time  of  treatment  being  10.5  days.  A  nor- 
mal charge  was  185  tons,  dry  weight. 

The  acid  tests  seem,  in  the  case  of  the  Ymir  tail- 
ings, to  be  worthless  as  an  indicator  for  the  use  of 
lime.  The  ordinary  tests  for  latent  acidity  called  for 
over  one  pound  of  lime  per  ton.  Phenolphthalein  in- 
dicated more.  We  used  200  pounds  to  the  charge  for 
a  while,  until  the  zinc  boxes  grew  so  foul  that  dried 
precipitates  assayed  under  1200  ounces  of  total  fine 
bullion  per  ton.  The  methyl-orange  indicator  was 
more  satisfactory.  It  called  for  less  than  0.5  pound 
of  lime  per  ton.  But  the  final  practice,  which  gave 
the  best  results,  was  to  use  less  than  0. 1  pound  per 
ton,  and  apply  it  in  5-pound  lots,  the  last  lot  going  on 
with  the  final  dose  of  strong  solution.  The  cyanide 
consumption  was  thus  reduced  over  10%;  and  the 
zinc-box  crude  precipitates  rose  in  grade  to  over 
5300  ounces  per  ton.  In  treatment,  the  final  filtrates 
became  very  cloudy  when  they  titrated  between  0. 1% 
and  0.05%  KCN;  and  the  small  addition  of  lime,  just 
before  starting  weak  treatment,  tended  to  Keep  the 
slimes  coagulated  and  the  filtrates  clearer. 

Vacuum  percolation  was  soon  discarded,  as  it  gave 
a  very  dirty  filtrate  and  packed  the  charges,  so  that 
the  final  rate  of  percolation  was  slower,  even  with 
the  vacuum,  than  it  would  have  been  if  unassisted 
throughout. 

The  routine  of  treatment  was  as  follows: 

After  leveling  and  adding  dry  lime,  two  5-ton  doses 
of  weak  solution  (between  0.1%  and  0.05%  KCN)  are 
successively  given.      When  these  have  disappeared 

*Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.    (Condensed). 


they  are  followed  by  four  or  five  10-ton  doses  of 
strong  solution  (0.2%)  at  5-hour  intervals.  There  is 
no  trace  of  cyanide  in  the  filtrate  for  six  hours  after 
the  first  application  of  weak  solution,  and  there  are 
no  values  until  after  fifteen  hours.  After  forty  or 
fifty  tons  of  strong  treatment,  the  charge  is  drained 
six  hours,  when  the  filtrate  has  almost  ceased,  and 
titrates  6.04%  to  0.07%  KCN.  Twenty  tons  of 
strong  solution  are  now  run  in  under  the  filter.  It 
requires  from  six  to  eight  hours  to  run  this  in  with- 
out channeling  the  charge,  and  when  it  is  all  in,  if 
drainage  has  been  sufficient,  there  will  not  be  more 
than  5  inches  of  solution  on  top  of  the  charge.  After 
soaking  from  three  to  six  hours  the  charge  is  drained 
and  a  10-ton  top  treatment  follows.  Top  and  bottom 
treatments  thus  alternate  until  160  tons  of  strong 
solution  have  been  applied.  Then  follows  weak  treat- 
ment, applied  on  top  in  5-ton  doses  as  rapidly  as  it 
disappears,  to  a  total  of  forty  or  fifty  tons.  This  is 
followed  by  wash  solution  (0.05%  to  trace  KCN), 
forty  tons;  and  this,  by  water  as  required,  to  pre- 
serve the  balance  of  solutions  or  secure  low  end  fil- 
trates. No  solution  is  run  to  waste  other  than  which 
is  lost  as  moisture  in  the  residues. 

The  adoption  of  bottom  treatment  had  a  marked 
effect.  During  the  first  six  months'  operating,  when 
only  top  treatment  was  used,  the  gold  extraction 
gradually  fell  off  from  70%  to  less  than  50%;  and  assays 
from  the  bottom  of  the  charges  were  discouraging. 
When  the  connections  for  bottom  treatment  were  made 
in  October  the  gold  extraction  rose  at  once  from  48% 
in  September  to  75%  for  October;  and  the  average 
actual  gold  recovery  for  the  last  quarter  of  the  year 
was  80.23%,  while  the  actual  silver  recovery  also  rose 
from  25%  to  41%. 

The  total  time  of  treatment  was  from  9.5  to  11.5 
days.  The  average  rate  of  percolation  was  1  inch 
per  hour,  although  64%  and  71%'  gold  extraction 
were  obtained  from  charges  having  only  0.5  inch  and 
0.6  inch  rates.  The  highest  rate  during  this  period 
was  1.5  inch  per  hour.  This  slow  percolation  means 
high  cyanide  consumption  and  long  treatment;  but  it 
also  means  larger  slimes  tonnage  treated.  It  does 
not  require  a  large  increase  in  daily  tonnage  to  pay 
for  extra  vats  and  a  little  more  cyanide. 

Residues  are  discharged  through  two  10-inch  plug 
flanges  placed  4  feet  from  the  sides  of  the  vats.  A 
2.5-inch  hose  with  2-inch  nozzle  is  used  under  115 
pomids  pressure,  the  hose  being  held  in  a  swivel 
clamp  at  the  edge  of  the  vat.  The  bottom  6  inches  is 
cleaned  out  at  reduced  pressure.  One  man  will 
sluice  out  a  charge  and  clean  the  filter  in  from  3.5  to 
4  hours. 

The  filter  is  three  thicknesses  of  16-ounce  burlap, 
having  the  usual  false  bottom  and  rope  grouting,  and 
anchored  to  the  vat  bottom  to  counteract  its  buoy- 
ancy. 

Precipitation  is  effected  by  zinc  shavings  in  eight 
10-compartment  steel  boxes,  and  it  is  perfect  with 
the  weakest  solution  when  run  at  the  rate  of  one  ton 
of  solution  per  twenty-four  hours  per  cubic  foot  of 
shavings.  The  shavings  in  the  wash  solution  box  are 
lead  dipped.  Whenever  there  were  values  in  the 
effluent,  running  at  the  normal  rate,  they  were  found 
to  be  due  to  precipitate  mechanically  carried  over 
after  dressing  boxes,  and  it  was  found  best  not  to 
disturb  a  box  after  it  had  been  running  more  than  a 
week,  but  to  add  shavings  on  top  as  required. 

The  clean-up  method,  while  it  just  about  competed 
with  refiners'  rates,  was  not  satisfactory.  The  pre- 
cipitate was  dried,  fluxed  and  smelted  direct,  with- 
out either  acid  or  roasting  treatment,  and  without 
refining,  which  produced  a  bullion  of  720  total  fine- 
ness. The  treatment  loss  was  1%  of  the  gold  and 
0.5%  of  the  silver.  The  clean-up  cost,  including 
freight  and  treatment  of  the  resulting  high-grade 
zinc  slag,  was  17  cents  per  pound  of  dried  slimes. 
This  does  not  include  charges  for  bullion  treatment. 

Operating  costs  per  ton  in  detail  for  the  last  quar- 
ter, when  7150  tons  were  treated,  were  as  follows: 

COST  OF  TREATMENT    PER  TON. 

Cyanide,  at  $0.22  per  pound $0,200 

Zinc,  at  $0.09  per  pound 0.020 

Lime,  at  $0,009  per  pound 0.001 

Fuel,  at  $2.50  per  cord 0.019 

Clean-up  supplies 0.029 

0.014 

0.003 

0.234 


Repaij 

Miscellaneous 

Labor  (wages  at  $3.50  and  $4.50  per  day) . 


Assay  office  costs  were  not  allocated;  but  the  cya- 
nide plant  proportion  should  approximate  $0,025  per 
ton.  These  results  were  obtained  when  treating  but 
seventy-eight  tons  per  day.  This  cost  can  be  reduced 
to  38.6  cents  when  the  plant  is  treating  its  full-rated 
capacit}'  of  200  tons  per  day;  and  the  introduction  of 
reverberatory  and  cupel  furnaces  for  clean-up  would 
still  further  reduce  it. 

The  plant  is  equipped  with  steam  heating  and  elec- 
tric lighting  plants,  and  has  an  auxiliary  water  power 
system  capable  of  developing  to  300  H.  P.  The 
pumps  and  lighting  dynamo  are  run  by  Pelton  water 
motors_  under  320  feet  head;  and  the  only  cost  of 
power  is  the  trifling  item  of  maintenance  of  flumes. 

The  total  cost  of  the  works,  including  the  power 
plant,  was  $57,951.63.  Omitting  the  costs  of  the 
main  mill  building,  boarding  houses,  power  plant  and 
heating  system,  and  thus  reducing  the  estimate  to 
the  basis  of  an  open  air  plant,  the  cost  was  $33,782, 
including  the  clearing,  excavatiug  and  masonry,  pre- 
viously referred  to,  which  amounted  to  $6321.34. 


Gold  Reduction  Plant  on  the  Rand.* 

The  broken  ore  is  raised  from  the  mines  through 
vertical  and  incline  shafts,  or  a  combination  of  both, 
usually  in  skips,  which  are  now  built  to  carry  three 
tons  per  load.  Cages  to  transport  the  mine  trucks 
from  below  to  the  crusher  station  are  still  used  in 
some  few  instances,  but  this  practice  is  now  disap- 
pearing. On  incline  headgears  the  skips  run  up  from 
below  on  rails  and  two  pairs  of  flanged  wheels,  and 
on  reaching  the  top  of  the  headgear  the  lower  pair, 
which  have  a  very  broad  flange,  engage  with  an 
outer  pair  of  rails,  which  cause  the  tail  end  of  the 
skip  to  be  raised  above  the  level  of  its  mouth,  and 
the  contents  are  shot  into  an  ore  bin;  in  vertical 
headgears  the  self-dumping  action  is  on  the  same 
principle;  the  skip  is  inverted  by  engaging  with  run- 
ners, which  divert  its  mouth  over  the  ore  bin  while 
the  tail  continues  its  way  up  the  vertical  guides. 

The  rock  as  sent  up  from  the  mines  often  consists 
of  a  considerable  percentage  of  waste  sandstone,  and 
to  eliminate  this  as  early  as  possible  it  is  "sorted" 
as  it  leaves  the  bin  into  which  it  was  dumped  from 
the  skip. 

Sorting  is  done  by  three  methods.  The  rock  passes 
down  over  grizzlies,  which  eliminate  the  unsortable 
"  fines  "  on  to  the  sorting  floor,  where  it  is  treated 
as  follows: 

1.  On  floors,  on  which  the  rock  is  spread  out, 
sprayed  with  water,  the  waste  is  picked  out  and 
thrown  into  bins,  whence  it  is  conveyed  to  the  dumps, 
and  the  pay  rock  is  thrown  into  the  crushers,  which 
are  on  a  level  with  the  floor. 

2.  The  rock  having  passed  over  the  grizzlies  is  led 
on  to  the  slow  moving  belt,  and  at  the  same  time  is 
sprayed  with  water.  The  sorters  (natives  in  charge 
of  a  white  man)  are  ranged  alongside  of  the  belt,  and 
each  piece  of  rock  has  thus  to  pass  the  scrutiny  of 
many  eyes  before  it  reaches  the  end  of  the  belt  and  is 
shot  off  into  the  bin  beneath.  The  waste  is  thrown 
off  as  before  and  trammed  to  the  waste  dump. 

3.  The  system  mostly  in  vogue  on  the  fields  is  the 
sorting  table.  This  machine  has  undergone  many 
changes  of  construction  since  its  first  adoption  at  the 
City  and  Suburban  mine,  and  the  present  design  has 
reached  a  high  state  of  efficiency.  The  rock  passes 
through  a  revolving  screen  and  is  at  the  same  time 
sprayed  with  water.  It  thence  runs  on  to  the  table, 
which  is  here  revolving  in  a  reverse  direction  to  the 
hands  of  a  watch.  The  sorters  are  ranged  round 
both  within  and  without  the  circle  of  rock;  they  pick 
out  the  waste  and  throw  it  into  conveniently  placed 
shoots.  The  pay  rock  is  automatically  scraped  off  at 
the  far  side  of  the  table  and  runs  down  into  the  jaws 
of  the  crushers  on  the  floor  below. 

The  crushers  are  usually  of  the  gyratory  type  and 
the  rock  is  delivered  from  them  into  the  bin,  which 
already  contains  the  fines,  broken  to  a  size  sufficiently 
small  for  treatment  in  the  stamp  mill.  According  to 
the  requirements  of  the  particular  works,  the  crush- 
ing and  sorting  station  is  either  built  into  the  head- 
gear or  forms  a  separate  house. 

From  the  crusher  station  the  ore  is  hauled  to  the 
mill  bins,  usually  by  mechanical  means,  though  in 
some  cases  mules  are  still  employed  to  draw  the 
trucks.  Where  the  mill  is  situated  some  distance 
away,  either  steam  or  electric  traction  or  endless 
rope  haulage  is  employed.  For  short  distances  re- 
ciprocating haulage  is  used.  A  heavy  skip  is  drawn 
up  into  the  mill  from  the  bottom  of  the  crusher  sta- 
tion and  empties  itself  automatically  into  the  required 
mill  bin.  At  the  bottom  of  the  mill  ore  bin  are 
shoots,  from  which  the  rock  is  fed  piece  by  piece  into 
the  mortar  boxes,  the  flow  being  regulated  by  auto- 
matic feeders. 

The  rock  is  broken  by  the  stamps  in  the  mortar 
boxes  to  a  consistency  of  fine  sand  and  slimes,  and  is 
water-borne  through  the  screens  over  the  copper 
amalgamating  plates.  The  size  of  mesh  of  the  screens 
is  varied  according  to  the  requirements  of  the  rock 
and  with  regard  to  the  economical  running  of  the 
cyanide  and  slimes  works. 

The  majority  of  the  free  gold  is  caught  by  the 
amalgam  on  the  plates,  and  the  particles  held  in  the 
sands;  the  pyritic  portion  and  the  fine  gold  in 
the  slimes  are  carried  over  the  plates  and  fall  from 
the  launder  into  the  sump  at  the  base  of  the  tailings 
wheel.  Tailings  wheels  are  usually  made  of  wood 
with  steel  shafts,  and  are  constructed  with  either 
single  or  double  bucket  lifts.  The  water-borne  tail- 
ings are  raised  by  this  means  above  the  level  of  the 
cyanide  works,  which  are  so  designed  that  no  further 
elevation  of  the  material  is  required  throughout  the 
rest  of  the  treatment.  In  the  launder  leading  from 
the  top  of  the  tailings  wheel  is  fixed  an  automatic 
sampler,  which  takes  at  regular  intervals  a  sample 
of  the  material  being  delivered  to  the  cyanide  works. 
From  the  launder  the  tailings  pass  through  a  series 
of  three  or  more  hydraulic  classifiers  called  spitzlut- 
ten.  These  are  boxes  so  constructed  that  the  heavier 
sands  and  concentrates  are  drawn  off  at  the  bottom 
and  are  led  off  into  vats  for  special  treatment,  while 
the  lighter  sands  and  the  slimes  flow  over  and  con- 
tinue their  course  towards  the  general  treatment 
vats.  The  concentrates  obtained  are  either  treated 
with  cyanide  solution  in  special  vats,  or  are  handed 

*  Abstract  from  the  annual  report  of  the  Transvaal  Chamber  of 


Ootobbb  24,   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


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Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24.  1903. 


over  to  chlorination  works  for  extraction  of  their 
gold  contents.  At  the  fool  of  the  spitzlutten  is  fixed 
another  automatic  sampler,  and  the  sands  and  the 
slimes  thence  pass  through  the  spitzkasten.  This  is 
an  hydraulic  classifier  so  constructed  thai  by  a  defi- 
nite pressure  of  water  being  introduced  at  the  bottom 
of  the  box  the  slimes  are  borne  upward  and  over  the 
edge  of  the  box.  while  the  sands  are  drawn  off  through 
the  bottom  and  are  led  away  to  the  percolating  vats. 
In  some  eases  no  extraneous  water  is  required  for 
this  action. 

Percolating  vats  or  tanks  are  now  built  of  steel. 
are  round  in  shape,  and  are  arranged  in  pairs  one 
above  the  other,  to  admit  of  easier  manipulation  in 
the  double  treatment.  The  sands  from  the  spitzkas- 
ten are  run  into  the  top  vat  through  a  flexible  hose, 
and  the  superfluous  water  carrying  some  of  the  re- 
maining slimes  is  taken  off  through  a  side  discharge, 
the  height  of  which  is  regulated  by  slats  of  wood  as 
the  level  of  the  sand  rises  in  the  vat. 

When  the  vat  is  tilled  with  material  the  first  cya- 
nide solution  is  pumped  on  and  is  allowed  to  percolate 
through  the  mass.  It  is  drawn  off  through  the  filter 
bed  at  the  bottom  of  the  vat  and  flows  away  to  the 
extractor  house.  The  discharge  doors  in  the  bottom 
of  the  tank  are  then  opened  and  the  sands  are  shov- 
elled through  into  the  lower  vat.  where  more  cyanide 
solution  is  pumped  on  and  drawn  off  below*.  The 
mass  of  the  sands  is  then  washed  with  water  to  ex- 
tract the  remaining  solution,  and  the  valueless  resi- 
dues are  discharged  through  doors  in  the  bottom  of 
the  vat  into  trucks  and  hauled  away  to  the  tailings 
dump. 

The  designs  of  these  percolating  vats  have  under- 
gone and  are  still  subjected  to  many  changes.  The 
earliest  forms  were  square  wooden  tanks,  which  were 
afterwards  changed  to  round  vats,  built  of  wooden 
staves  and  mounted  on  masonry  foundations.  The 
sands  from  the  mill  were  settled  in  a  tailings  dam. 
loaded  into  trucks,  drawn  up  and  dumped  into  the 
vat.  They  were  then  subjected  to  single  treatment. 
and  were  shovelled  back  into  the  trucks  and  taken 
away  to  the  dump.  With  direct  treatment  came  the 
necessity  for  larger  vats,  and  several  plants  were 
erected  consisting  of  rectangular  concrete  tanks; 
these  have  now  been  superseded  by  steel  vats. 

The  water-borne  slimes,  after  leaving  the  spitzkas- 
ten. are  charged  with  a  certain  amount  of  lime  by 
means  of  an  ingenious  automatic  arrangement.  They 
are  then  led  into  a  further  series  of  spitzkasten.  and 
the  action  of  the  added  lime  is  such  that  the  slimes 
settle  iu  the  spitzkasten  and  are  drawn  off  at  the 
bottom,  while  the  superfluous  clear  water  flows  off  at 
the  top  and  is  returned  to  the  reservoir.  The  slimes, 
which  have  now  a  gelatinous  consistency,  are  run 
into  the  slimes  vats,  where  they  are  allowed  to  settle 
aud  concentrate,  the  bulk  of  the  water  being  elimi- 
nated by  decantation.  They  are  then  agitated  with 
cyanide  solution.  This  is  done  either  by  stirrers  in 
the  vats,  or  by  passing  the  liquid  mass  through  cen- 
trifugal pumps  and  returning  it  to  the  vat.  The  latter 
treatment  is  more  in  vogue  at  the  present  time.  The 
mass  is  allowed  to  settle,  the  solution  is  decanted  oft. 
and  the  residue  washed  with  water  to  remove  the 
remaining  solution.  The  residue  is  then  discharged 
through  the  bottom  of  the  vat  into  the  slimes  dam  by 
aid  of  centrifugal  pumps. 

The  gold-bearing  cyanide  solutions  from  various 
tailings  treatments  are  pumped  into  solution  vats 
and  thence  are  led  into  the  extractor  house.  To 
avoid  unnecessary  treatment  and  undue  loss  of  cya- 
nide, the  washes  of  one  treatment  are  converted  into 
the  weak  solutions  of  another,  and  so  on.  They  are 
thus  built  up  in  strength  and  gold-bearing  contents 
for  the  more  economical  extraction  of  their  gold  con- 
tents. The  extractor  house  contains  the  extractor 
boxes,  the  pumps  for  transferring  the  solutions  and 
agitating  the  slimes,  and  in  some  cases  for  returning 
the  clarified  water  to  the  mill.  In  it  also  arc  the 
acid  vats  for  dissolving  the  zinc  and  the  smelting 
furnace's  for  the  final  stage  of  the  process.  The  gold- 
bearing  cyanide  solution  flow-s  in  through  the  pipes 
at  the  head  of  the  boxes,  and  flows  out  denuded  of  its 
gold  contents  at  the  foot,  whence  it  is  pumped  to  the 
solution  vats  to  be  used  over  again. 

There  are  various  methods  of  treatment  within  the 
boxes,  of  which  the  following  are  the  main  points. 
The  various  compartments  are  in  every  case  par- 
titioned off  so  that  the  solution  to  be  treated  is  intro- 
duced into  the  bottom  of  the  first  compartment,  flows 
over  the  top.  and  is  introduced  into  the  bottom  of  the 
next,  and  so  ou: 

1.  The  boxes  contain  perforated  brays  which  are 
filled  with  fine  shavings  of  zinc,  pressed  well  down 
and  forming  a  spongy  mass.  The  gold  is  deposited 
on  the  zinc  and  falls  through  the  bottom  of  the  tray 
in  the  black  slime. 

2.  The  compartments  are  filled  with  strips  of  lead. 
which  hang  closely  suspended  in  rows.  An  electric 
current  is  passed  through  the  solution,  the  lead  foil 
being  used  as  the  cathode  and  iron  plates  for  the 
anode.  The  gold  is  deposited  in  a  black  slime  on  the 
lead  foil. 

3.  The  zinc  shavings  as  described  in  (1)  are  first 
dipped  in  a  solution  of  acetate  of  lead,  thereby  giving 
them  a  line  coating  of  lead.  A  zinc-lead  couple  is 
thus  formed  and  more  energetic  action  is  induced. 
The  gold  is  deposited  on  the  shavings  as  in    I 

4.  The   solution   passed    through    the   boxes  pre- 
as  is  rendered  more  susceptible  of  part- 


ing with  its  gold  contents  by  the  continual  addition  at 
the  head  of  a  box  of  a  sufficient  quantity  of  free  cya- 
nide solution  to  bring  the  strength  up  to  the  desired 
standard.  The  gold  is  deposited  on  the  shavings  as 
in  ,1). 

The  latest  method  in  vogue  on  many  of  the  princi- 
pal mines  on  the  Rand  is  the  use  of  very  weak  solu- 
tions in  the  extraction  of  the  gold  from  the  tailings, 
and  the  adoption  of  the  extractor  box  treatment 
(No.  41  for  the  precipitation  of  the  gold. 

The  greatest  measure  of  success  is  obtained  by 
studying  the  output  of  each  mine  separately  and  by 
finding  out  the  particular  treatment  and  method  of 
extraction  that  is  most  suitable  to  these  particular 
conditions. 

The  accompanying  drawing  shows  the  arrangement 
of  a  modern  mill  on  the  Witwatorsrand. 


Identity  and  Continuity  of  Veins. 

NV.MUER  m.-CONCLUDED. 

The  court  found,  however,  that  'the  continuation 
of  the  east  dipping  fissures  has  not.  been  satisfacto- 
rily established  at  any  point  where  the  two  veins 
come  together:''  also,  that  the  above  theory  is  not 
iu  conflict  with  the  claim  of  continuity  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania vein  through  the  complications. 

By  a  circuitous  route  the  vein  was  followed  contin- 
uously downward  on  a  westerly  dip  from  the  apex  to 
the  lowest  level  without  the  intervention  of  any  com- 
plication. Both  to  the  north  and  to  the  south  of  the 
Horseshoe  winze  the  vein  was  so  traced  from  the 
700-foot  level  to  the  bottom  level— i.  e..  from  a  level 
above  the  Horseshoe  complication  to  a  level  below  it. 
The  court  considers  that  the  bearings  of  these  facts 
were  not  overcome  by  evidence  of  complications  else- 
where, and  says:  "  To  my  mind,  the  most  conclusive 
fact  establishing  the  continuity  of  the  Pennsylvania 
vein  is  this  fact,  that  the  vein  can  be  followed  as  a 
dominant,  persistent  vein  from  the  surface  through 
continuous  stopes  down  to  the  lower  working's  of  the 
mine." 

In  the  northwesterly  portion  of  the  mine  there  is  a 
marked  divergence  of  the  strike  of  the  vein  in  depth 
from  the  course  of  the  apex.  The  Grass  Valley  Co. 
urged  this  as  an  objection  to  the  claim  of  identity 
and  continuity.  But  the  court  says:  "This  fact 
would  be  of  some  importance  if  the  vein  was  an  ideal 
one.  maintaining  a  uniform  strike  and  dip  throughout 
its  entire  course.  But  it  is  not  an  ideal  vein,  and 
there  are  very  few  such  to  be  found.  .  .  .  This 
twisting  or  turning  of  the  vein  is  accounted  for 
by  the  folding  of  the  rock  under  pressure 
and  contraction.  .  .  .  This  objection  to  the  Penn- 
sylvania vein  is.  in  my  judgment,  without  any 
force.     .     .     ." 

Finally :  "It  follows  from  these  considerations  that 
I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  Pennsylvania  Co.  has 
established  its  right  to  all  the  ore  bodies  and  sections 
of  the  mine  in  dispute." 

The  distinction  between  the  character  of  complica- 
tions existing  in  the  Pennsylvania  case  and  the  occur- 
rence of  faulting  and  normal  displacements  previously 
illustrated  is  manifest.  The  difficulties  of  determining 
identity  increase  as  complexities  are  multiplied,  and 
necessarily  each  case  must  be  determined  upon  a 
consideration  of  the  peculiar  facts  therein  developed. 

Speaking  of  the  difficulties  surrounding  this  class 
of  cases.  Judge  Hawley  has  pertinently  said: 

"In  all  controversies  concerning  the  identity  of  ore 
bodies  found  on  different  levels  at  various  depths 
beneath  the  surface  there  is  always  room  for  a  wide 
divergence  of  opinion  among  men  of  equal  credit  and 
experience  as  miners.  The  absolute  truth  is  often 
difficult  to  ascertain,  except  in  cases  where  connec- 
tions are  made  between  the  different  bodies  of  ore 
found  on  different  levels.  ...  A  wide  latitude  is 
always  permissible  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining 
the  reasoning  upon  which  the  conclusions  of  witnesses 
are  based,  as  well  as  their  general  knowledge  of  the 
ground,  their  experience  and  observations,  and  their 
qualifications  as  practical  miners  or  experts  derived 
from  years  of  experience  in  the  particular  district 
where  the  ore  bodies  in  question  arc  found." 

The  several  eases  heretofore  cited,  together  with 
the  opinions  of  noted  jurists,  are  but  a  few  of  the 
numerous  contentions  coming  before  the  courts  for 
adjudication.  Xo  phase  of  the  mining  law-  is  so  pro- 
lific of  litigation  as  that  permitting  the  extrala feral 
right.  The  fact  that  in  most  mining  districts  the 
vein  system  is  complicated — the  veins  striking  in  va- 
rious directions,  often  crossing  each  other — together 
with  varying  dip.  tends  to  make  a  complex  question 
of  it.  which  is  not  simplified  by  the  vagaries  and  the 
irregularities  of  the  veins  themselves. 

In  the  earlier  years  of  mining  in  the  West  force 
was  often  employed  in  an  effort  to  hold  disputed  ter- 
ritory underground,  nor  has  this  tendency  wholly 
disappeared  yet  in  some  districts.  In  some  recent 
instances  noxious  gases  aud  irritating  dust  have  been 
employed  to  drive  opponents  from  mine  workings, 
but  usually  the  decision  is  left  to  the  courts,  where 
all  such  contentions  must  eventually  go,  if  not  com- 
promised by  the  parties  to  the  conflict.  The  United 
States  is  the  only  country  where  the  extralateral 
right  is  permitted,  it  having  having  been  abolished  in 
all  English  colonies  where  it  had  been  introduced. 
British  Columbia    is  an  instance  of   this   kind,  where. 


under  the  "extralateral  right"  law.  within  a  short 
time  enough  litigation  resulted  to  last  for  many  years. 
The  mining  law  was  framed  years  ago.  when  min- 
ing geology  was  not  as  well  understood  as  at  the 
present  day.  and  it  evidently  assumed  a  condition 
that  does  not  often  obtain.  It  conceived  a  possible 
series  of  parallel  veins,  with  uniform  dip.  Under 
such  conditions  no  conflict  could  occur.  The  numer- 
ous changes  in  the  law  from  time  to  time  indicate  an 
increasing  knowledge  of  geological  facts,  but  no 
amount  of  law  can  meet  the  great  variety  of  geo- 
logical vein  phenomena. 


Geology  of  El  Oro  District,  Mexico. 

Written  for  the  MINING  and  Scientific  Prkss. 

The  movement  of  capital  from  the  United  States  to 
Mexico  has  grown  of  late  years.  It  is  to  be  expected 
that  in  the  number  of  investors  eager  to  secure 
shares  in  the  mineral  resources  of  Mexico  there  will 
be  found  the  erring  element  which  follows  extraordi- 
nary mining  activity  in  all  countries.  At  the  same 
time  the  unscrupulous  element  whose  motive  is  always 
to  lead  the  erring  to  disaster  is  to  be  looked  for  at 
the  very  front  of  the  movement. 

In  the  past  five  years  more  capital  has  been  in- 
vested iu  the  mines  of  Mexico  than  in  the  previous 
twenty  years.  Most  of  this  capital  will  be  rewarded 
with  profits,  particularly  capital  invested  in  proper- 
ties outside  the  leading  mining  centers.  In  the  new 
camps  which  have  come  into  existence  in  the  past 
five  years  many  investors  may  fare  badly. 

El  Oro.  one  of  the  uoted  camps  of  Mexico,  about  75 
miles  west  of  the  city  of  Mexico,  first  came  into 
prominence  when  the  Somera  mine  was  purchased  by 
the  El  Oro  Mining  &  Railway  Co.  of  London.  This 
was  about  five  years  ago.  Shortly  after  the  Somera 
became  the  property  of  the  English  company  August. 
Sahlberg.  who  had  been  superintendent  of  the  Som- 
era. but  had  severed  his  connection  with  it  in  order 
to  devote  his  energies  to  the  development  of  the 
Esperanza,  an  adjoining  mine,  which  he  had  bought, 
discovered  the  San  Rafael  vein  in  the  latter.  The  open- 
ing of  the  Descubridora  vein  on  the  El  Oro  mine,  and 
of  the  Dos  Estrellas  vein  on  the  mine  of  that  name, 
increased  activity  in  the  camp  greatly.  Mills  and 
cyanide  plants  were  erected  without  loss  of  time,  and 
tile  production  of  bullion  was  doubled  in  the  course  of 
three  years.  The  Somera.  El  Oro.  Dos  Estrellas  and 
Esperanza  mines  were  proven  to  be  among  the  most 
valuable  gold  and  silver  mines  of  the  world. 

The  most  prominent  feature  of  the  topography  at 
El  Oro  is  the  hill  called  Somera.  In  this  upheaval, 
which  attains  an  altitude  of  13,200  feet  above  the 
level  of  the  sea.  centers  the  greatest  geological  aud 
mincralogieal  interest  of  the  licit.  Within  this  hill, 
and  the  group  of  mountains  to  which  it  belongs,  is 
Situated  the  system  of  veins  comprised  in  the  El  Oro. 
Esperanza,  Somera  and  Estrella  mines.  The  moun- 
tains themselves,  in  the  form  of  separate  ranges, 
descend  to  the  north  until  they-  finally  terminate 
abruptly  in  the  low-lying  lands  of  Tepetongo  and 
Bravo.  It  has  been  determined  that  the  country 
comprised  by  Somera  hill,  and  the  apparently  de- 
pendent mountain  mass  to  the  northeast,  is  formed  of 
argillaceous  slates,  overlaid  by  a  capping  of  volcanic 
rocks,  the  capping  being  thickest  to  the  northeast  of 
the  hill  aud  thinnest  to  the  southeast,  disappear- 
ing almost  entirely  on  the  eastern  slope  of  the  hill,  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  Dos  Estrellas  and  Jesus  del  Monte 
mines.  In  the  camp  of  Tlalpujahua  the  slate  is  ex- 
posed. The  plane  of  contact  between  the  slates  and 
volcanic  rocks  is  inclined  from  southwest  to  north- 
east. The  points  at  which  the  principal  explorations 
have  been  made  to  ascertain  these  facts  are  the 
claims  Ojo  de  Agua.  Progresso  and  Estrella  No.  1. 
The  first  work  on  the  shaft  on  the  San  Patricio  claim 
has  been  in  gray  slates,  stratified  with  seams  of 
quartz.  There  are  three  classes  of  volcanic  rock 
recognized  in  the  formation  at  El  Oro.  The  first  of 
these  is  horublende-andesite:  the  second  rhvolite.  and 
the  third  a  dark-grey  andesitie  porphyry,  which 
occurs  in  dikes.  In  some  of  the  mines  the  second 
class  of  volcanic  rocks  have  the  form  of  a  porous 
amygdaloid,  the  amygdules  being  sometimes  filled 
with  chalcedony.  The  slates  are  always  of  the  same 
class,  the  only  difference  being  noted  is  that  produced 
by  the  action  of  heat  and  atmospheric  agencies. 
Development  work  shows  that  there  exists  a  system 
of  parallel  veins  extending  eastward  from  Somera 
hill,  and  that  these  veins  occupy  fissures,  the  thick- 
ness of  which  varies  in  a  most  remarkable  way  be- 
tween a  few  inches  aud  20.  SO  and  even  40  feet.  The 
general  trend  of  the  veins,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Tlalpujahua  section,  where  it  is  north  and  south,  is 
32°  southeast  to  northeast,  with  a  dip  to  the  east. 
The  veins  are  composed  of  quartz  containing  gold 
and  silver.  They  occur  entirely  in  the  slate,  those  in 
the  eastern  end  of  the  belt  having  a  capping  of  vol- 
canic rocks  whose  thickness  varies  from  250  to  500 
feet.  Never  do  the  apices  of  veins  rise  above  the 
slate.  Many  faultings  have  occurred  in  them,  but 
none  are  extensive.  Yet.  when  some  mining  engi- 
neers assert  that  it  is  a  rule  that  "the  veins  of 
greatest  width  have  the  greatest  length."  the  ques- 
tion of  a  mistake  being    made   by   them  becomes  evi- 


October  24,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


dent,  since  it  is  well  known  that  in  the  widest  veins 
there  have  been  many  breaks,  with  slate  intervening 
between  the  sections  of  the  vein  in  such  a  way  as  to 
discourage  the  operators  in  attempts  to  relocate  the 
veins.  Notwithstanding  this,  however,  the  prospects 
of  the  leading  mines  appear  to  be  bright  until  the 
800-foot  level  is  reached — that  is  to  say,  a  depth  of 
from  200  to  300  feet   below  the  apices  of  the  veins. 

At  that  level  the  values  of  the  ore.  which  begin  to 
diminish  rapidly  at  the  500-foot  level,  are  too  low  to 
pay  the  present  expenses  of  extraction.  There  is, 
therefore,  only  from  lion  to  Moo  feet  of  stoping  in  the 
mines.  As  the  veins  are  from  IS  to  50  feet  wide,  and 
carry  gold  and  silver  to  the  extent  of  from  $25  to  $50 
per  ton  throughout  their  entire  extent,  which  is 
great,  it  is  easy  to  be  seen  that  they  have  a  long  life 
before  them,  even  with  vastly  increased  milling  facili- 
ties taken  into  consideration. 


Ei c 
Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents. 
% c 


PATENTS  ISSUED  OCTOBER  13.  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Miner's  Safety  Caue.—  Xo.  740.872:  F.  C.  Kerst, 
Springfield.  111. 


In  safety  cage,  combination  of  main  frame,  verti- 
cally slidable  lifting  rod,  transverse  plates  secured  to 
main  frame,  collared  bolts  passing  through  plates, 
levers  turning  on  collars  of  bolts  provided  with  hubs, 
dogs  surrounding  hubs  of  levers  and  turning  on  bolts, 
springs  acting  against  dogs,  connecting  device  con- 
nected with  lifting  rod,  intermediate  levers  connect- 
ing first  named  levers  with  connecting  device,  and 
springs  operating  intermediate  levers. 


Safety  Gear  for  Mine  Skips,  Cages,  Etc — No. 
740,942;  W.  B.  Stevenson,  Witwatersrand  Gold 
Fields,  Transvaal. 


therein  fitted  to  frame  and  forming  angular  re. 
at  each  side  of  guides  or  runners,  dog  wedges  or 
catches  arranged  in  angular  recesses  and  each  pro- 
vided with  vertical  serrated  or  toothed  gripping 
surface  parallel  with  guides  or  runners,  studs  or  pro- 
jections on  backs  or  inclined  surfaces  of  dog  wedges 
or  catches  projecting  into  slots  in  straps  to  retain 
catches  in  position  and  to  compel  gripping  surfaces 
thereof  to  move  parallel  with  guides  or  runners,  and 
means  for  raising  wedges  or  catches  in  containing 
and  guiding  straps  should  skip  or  cage  become  imsus- 
pended. 

Valve     por     Hydhaulic    Air    Compressor. — No. 
741.172;  J.  C.  Schneider.   Hamburg,  Germany. 


Combination  of  valve,  consisting  of  two  disks, 
facing  each  other,  one  of  which  is  mounted  to  turn  on 
axis  and  other  fixed,  air  and  water  inlets  in  fixed 
disk,  two  hollow  arms  extending  in  opposite  direc- 
tions from  movable  disk  and  communicating  with 
ports  therein,  reservoirs  carried  at  ends  of  arms,  air 
pipes  leading  from  upper  ends  of  reservoirs  to  ports 
in  movable  disks,  and  floats  in  reservoirs  for  closing 
air  pipes. 

Apparatus  for  Extracting  Precious  Metals. — 
No.  741,189;  H.  H.  Thompson,  Churchville,  X.  Y. 


In  safety  gear  of  nature  indicated  combination 
with  skip  or  cage  and  supporting  frame  of  containing 
and  guiding  straps  having  longitudinal  slots  formed 


Apparatus  for  extracting  precious  metals,  com- 
prising receptacle  provided  with  conical  bottom,  hav- 
ing outlet  and  upper  portion  surrounded  by  over- 
flow compartment,  having  outlet;  series  of  bodily 
movable  and  loosely  mounted  diamond-shaped  agitat- 
ing arms,  gradually  decreasing  in  length  and  adapted 
to  be  retained  in  operative  position  when  rotated  in 
one  direction  and  to  assume  inoperative  position  when 
moved  in  opposite  direction,  rotatable  means  for  sus- 
pending arms  within  receptacle,  series  of  nozzles  dis- 
posed throughout  and  connected  to  conical  bottom 
and  communicating  with  interior  of  receptacle, 
means  for  supplying  cyanide  solution,  compressed  air 
and  water  to  each  of  nozzles,  either  separately  or  in 
any  preferred  combination,  operating  means  for 
rotatable  suspension  means,  and  means  for  changing 
direction  of  movement  of  operating  means. 


Treatment  of  Sulphide  Ores. — No.  740,701;  A.  M. 
G.  Sebillot,  Paris,  France. 

Process  for  treating  ores  containing  sulphur  con- 
sisting of  sulpha  ting  ore  in  closed  vessel  by  action  of 
sulphuric  acid  upon  metallic  sulphides  at  temper- 
ature above  its  boiling  point  and  simultaneously  re- 
covering sulphuric  acid  used,  calcining  sulphated  ore 
at  temperature  of  700°  Centigrade  to  dissociate  sul- 
phate of  iron  to  prevent  dissolving  of  too  great  quan- 
tity of  sulphate  of  iron  in  lixiviating  liquors,  and  lix- 
iviating calcined  ore. 


Hydraulic  Elevator.— No.  741,291;  J.  H.  Adams, 

Alameda.  ( 


Hydraulic  elevator,  consisting  in  combination  of 
upraise  pipe,  receiver,  bottom  plate  for  latter  hav- 
ing lift  water  inlet,  and  projecting  top  flange,  nozzle 
secured  to  inside  of  plate  coineidentally  with  inlet, 
water  conducting  pipe,  receiver  having  opening  at 
side,  exterior,  longitudinally  slidable  gate  for  opening 
and  means  in  conjunction  with  gate  for  regulating 
size  of  opening  from  point  above,  sluice  section  hav- 
ing bottom  section  projecting  through  opening  into 
juxtaposition  with  nozzle,  and  supported  upon  top 
flange  of  bottom  plate,  and  air  relief  mechanism  for 
freeing  lift  water  when  gate  is  closed. 


Means  for  Utilizing  Oil  or  Gas  in  Ore  Reduc- 
ing Furnaces. — No.  741.5114;  W.  Kemp.  Tucson. 
Ariz. 


Ore  reducing  furnace  having  tuyere  opening  and 
combustion  chamber  situated  in  tuyere  opening  and 
communicating  with  working  chamber  of  furnace  and 
with  wind  box.  burner  extending  into  combustion 
chamber,  and  means  for  supplying  fuel  to  burner. 


Process  of  Treating  Cyanide  Solutions. — No. 
741,231;  W.  H.  Davis,  Boulder,  Colo. 


Jl 


^^s^P^^n  !»■  M* 


38 


---! 


Process  for  treating  cyanide  solutions  during,  or 
subsequently  to,  their  contact  with  ore,  consisting  in 
introducing  into  solution  alkaline  hydrate,  and  then 
subjecting  mixture  to  action  of  alternating  electric 
current,  thereby  raising  osmotic  pressure,  to  disso- 
ciate double  salts  in  solution,  causing  precipitation  of 
hydrates  of  base  metals,  and  to  combine  freed  cyano- 
gen with  alkaline  hydrates,  to  cause  simultaneous 
regeneration  of  cyanide  in  solution  and  clarifying  of 
latter. 


275 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  Compiled,  and  Reported  fob  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

At  Silver  Bow  basin,  near  Juneau,  the 
Alaska-Perseverance  M.  Go.  has  surveyed 
a  site  for  a  200-stamp  mill,  says  the 
Juneau  Dispatch. 

Nome  reports  say  that  the  work  of  ex- 
tracting gold  from  the  Nome  beaches  still 
continues.  During  the  season  of  four 
years  ago  this  was  very  profitable,  and 
many  miners  refused  to  make  known  the 
large  amounts  of  gold  which  they  secured 
from  the  beach  with  rockers.  Twenty- 
five  plants  were  operated  this  season  be- 
tween Nome  cemetery  and  Penny  river 
and  fifteen  more  on  the  eastern  outskirts 
of  Nome.  The  plant  usually  consists  of  a 
gasoline  engine,  a  hose  and  sluice  boxes. 
It  is  estimated  that  each  took  out  an 
average  of  $2500,  giving  an  output  for 
this  season  of  $100,000.  Pour  years  ago 
the  beach  was  estimated  to  have  yielded 
$900,000. 

ARIZONA. 

Cochise  County. 

B.  P.  Graham  of  Bisbee  has  bought  the 
R.  L.  Benton  interests  in  the  Bisbee  Queen 
mine,  near  Bisbee,  and  also  in  the  Lucky 
Tiger  mine  in  Sonora,  Mexico,  south  of 
Bisbee. 

The  Lake  Superior  &  Pittsburg  mine 
south  of  Bisbee,  in  Warren  district,  re- 
ports producing  ore  in  both  No.  2  and  No. 
3  shafts.  From  No.  2  ore  has  been  shipped 
that  netted  $3000  per  car. 

Graham   County. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Arizona  C.  Co. 
at  Clifton  shows  in  the  smelting  depart- 
ment 50,283  tons  of  ore  and  1,647,787 
pounds  of  copper  from  the  leaching  plant 
were  smelted,  resulting  in  gross  yield  of 
15,412,544  pounds  of  copper.  This  does 
not  include  2505  pounds  of  copper  pro- 
duced in  form  of  sulphate.  In  the  con- 
centration plant  210,717  tons  of  ore  were 
treated,  yielding  28,226  tons  of  concen- 
trates— a  product  of  1  ton  of  mineral  to 
7.46  tons  ore.  The  concentrating  ore  was 
partly  sulphide  ores  from  the  Humboldt 
and  the  Yavapai  and  partly  oxidized  ores 
from  Metcalf.  The  leaching  plant  treated 
41,358  tons  of  tailings,  producing  1,661,939 
piounds  of  copper  and  5.01  tons  of  copper 
sulphate.  The  acid  plant  turned  out  1920 
tons  of  sulphuric  acid.  The  profits  earned 
during  the  year  from  the  mines  at  Clifton 
amounted  to  $717,500,  while  the  company's 
railway  net  receipts  were  $120,000.  Many 
improvements  have  been  made  at  the 
mines  and  at  the  reduction  works  during 
the  year.  Development  work  has  been 
increased  in  the  Pairplay  mine  and  also  at 
the  Coronado. 

C.  E.  Stevens,  superintendent  of  the 
Stevens  mines  at  Metcalf,  reports  the  com- 
pany's steam  plant  in  operation  and  sink- 
ing in  the  winze  is  progressing.  The 
gasoline  plant  proved  unsatisfactory  and 
steam  was  substituted. 

Mohave  County. 

J.  Carroll  reports  developing  his  claim, 
1  mile  west  of  the  Juno  mine,  near  Chlo- 
ride, and  has  a  small  vein  of  high  grade 
silver  ore  in  the  contact.  The  tunnel  is  in 
200  feet. 

Near  Chloride  the  Altata  mine  and  three 
adjoining  claims  have  been  sold  to  J.  P. 
McBride  of  Chicago,  111.,  for  $15,000.  Mc- 
Bride  will  put  in  a  gasoline  hoist  of  1000 
feet  capacity,  and  developments  will  be 
started  next  month  and  continue  in  the 
250-foot  shaft.  The  Rainbow  mine  has 
been  bonded  by  A.  M.  MacDuffee. 

A  50-ton  cyanide  plant  is  being  put  in  at 
the  Great  West  mine,  near  Kingman. 
Yavapai   County. 

There  are  500  men  reported  at  work  in 
Bigbug  district. 

Vuma   County. 

S.  B.  Moore  reports  work  being  in- 
creased in  the  mines  around  Quartzsite. 
O.  A.  Pease  will  build  a  200-ton  mill  on  his 
property  at  Chollos. 

ARKANSAS. 

Marion  County. 

A  concentrating  mill  is  being  built  at 

the  Ponca  City  mines. A  concentrating 

mill  is  going  up  on  the  Susquehanna  mine, 

near  Dodd   City. At   Zinc  and  at  the 

Beulah  mine  core  drills  are  being  used  to 
prospect  the  ground  instead  of  the  churn 
drill. 

The  Arkansas  Dev.  Co.  of  Yellville  has 
been  organized  to  do  prospecting  with  core 
drills  and  development  work  on  property 
of  non-residents.  They  propose  to  put  in 
six  core  drills.  J.  M.  and  I.  W.  Clokey 
and  R.  J.  Williams  of  Decatur,  111.;  H. 
Wells  of  Yellville,  Ark.;  and  R.  W.  Hess 
of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  are  directors. 


Newton  County. 

The  Speers  M.  Co.,  composed  of  Little 
Rock  capitalists,  has  bought  200  acres  in 
Newton  county  for  $25,000.  The  company 
already  has  a  large  quantity  of  ore  on  the 
dump  and  a  concentrating  mill  is  being- 
built. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador  County. 

G.  S.  Andrews,  owner  of  the  Grand 
Prize  mine,  near  Pioneer,  says  he  will  in- 
stall a  larger  hoist  and  make  other  im- 
provements to  more  rapidly  develop  the 
mine. 

At  the  Fremont  mine,  between  Amador 
City  and  Drytown,  quartz  crushing  began 
last  week  in  the  20-stamp  mill,  says  Man- 
ager A.  Goodall. 

Calaveras  County. 

The  Continental  mine,  near  West  Point, 
is  dropping  its  two  stamps. 

The  work  of  developing  the  South 
Bank  mine,  near  Sheep..  Ranch,  is  pro- 
gressing, says  Manager  W.  H.  Clary,  and 
a  hoist  is  being  put  up  on  the  main  shaft. 

The  mill  of  the  Mountain  King  M.  Co., 
on  the  Rose  Rock  mine,  near  Murphys, 
started  up  last  week,  but  as  the  water 
supply  is  limited  regular  crushing  is  not 
expected  until  the  rainy  season  begins, 
says  the  Calaveras  Chronicle, 
El  Dorado  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). -^The  Crystal 
mine,  north  of  the  Vandalia  mine,  near 
Shingle  Spi-ings,  is  in  full  operation,  drift- 
ing on  the  vein.  Some  high-grade  ore  is 
in  sight.  They  have  ten  stamps,  with 
amalgamation,  concentration,  and  the 
tailings  are  cyanided. 

The  Peyton  Chemical  Co.  has  bought 
the  E.  E.,  this  claim  being  the  north  ex- 
tension of  the  Noon  Day  copper  mine, 
operated  by  this  company,  says  Superin- 
tendent Morrison.  Improvements,  in- 
cluding head  frame,  ore  bins,  etc.,  are  be- 
ing put  in.  The  work  so  far  in  sinking 
the  shaft  shows  copper  sulphides,  with 
little  waste.  Three  8-mule  teams  are 
hauling  ore  to  the  railroad,  about  fifteen 
tons  per  day  being  shipped.  This  prop- 
erty is  about  5  miles  south  of  El  Dorado. 

The  Union  mine,  3J  miles  south  of  El 
Dorado,  is  running  with  a  few  men,  under 
Manager  Harpending,  the  owner. 

The  Larkin  mine,  southeast  of  Dia- 
mond, is  closed  temporarily. — —Larkin 
Bros,  are  running  a  crosscut  on  the  Oro 
Flamme  to  cut  the  vein  at  depthr  They 
have  retimbered  the  shaft. 

It  is  reported  the  Church  mine,  3  miles 
south  of  El  Dorado,  will  resume  oper- 
ations. Several  mines  are  waiting  for  the 
American  Electric  Power  Co.  to  furnish 
them  with  power.  The  work  on  this 
plant  is  progressing.—^  Snow  Bros,  have 
over  one-half  of  their  2  miles  of  pipe  line 
laid.  They  are  preparing  to  take  water 
from  the  Coon  Hollow  reservoir,  near 
Placerville,  to  work  gravel  near  Diamond. 

Placerville,  Oct.  20. 

(Special  Correspondence). — A  shoot  of 
ore  has  been  opened  up  by  a  tunnel  on 
the  Charles  ledge,  owned  by  E.  R.  Morey. 
The  find  was  made  at  south  end  of  the 
claim  and  directly  opposite  the  shoot  of 
ore  on  the  Mount  Pleasant.  The  tunnel 
has  followed  a  well-defined  ledge  for  139 
feet  with  average  width  of  10  inches,  and 
is  60  feet  below  surface.  They  are  sink- 
ing a  winze  in  the  tunnel,  the  ledge  being 
there  12  inches  wide  and  showing  free 
gold  and  sulphurets.  There  is  another 
vein  of  ore  10  feet  west  f  i  om  this  ledge 
which  is  expected  to  unite  with  it  ,at 
depth. 

Grizzly  Flat,  Oct,  21. 

The  mill  at  the  Del  Monte  mine,  on  the 
American  river,  4  miles  below  Coloma, 
was  put  in  operation  last  week.  The  mill 
is  a  2-stamp  triple-discharge,  weight  of 
stamps  1000  pounds,  and  has  a  table  con- 
centrator. Power  is  furnished  by  12  H.  P. 
gasoline  engine.  B.  McBeath  is  superin- 
tendent. 

The  Ohio  Quartz  mine,  adjoining  the 
Mt.  Pleasant  mine,  near  Grizzly  Flat,  has 
been  sold  to  W.  Brown  of  Oleta. 

At  El  Dorado  the  Harpending  mine  is  in 
full  operation  on  a  non-union  and  eight 
hour  schedule,  says  the  Mountain  Demo- 
crat. 

The  mill  has  been  completed  at  the  Del 
Monte  mine,  near  Lotus.  It  is  a  2-stamp 
triple  discharge  battery,  and  will  be  op- 
erated by  a  12  H.  P.  gasoline  engine. 

The  Minnehaha  G.  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated at  San  Francisco  to  operate  a 
group  of  mines  near  El  Dorado.  S.  W. 
Payne,  J.  Osborne,  R.  Payne,  R.  E.  and 
C.  S.  Payne  are  directors. 

Superintendent  F.  Mott  has  men  at 
work  at  the  Rosencrans  mine,  below 
Georgetown,  and  has  started  sinking  a 
double-compartment  shaft,  He  is  build- 
ing a  cyanide  plant. 

Fresno  County. 

In  west  section  at  Coalinga.  J.  H.  Elmore 
of  Green  Bay,  Wis.,  has  leased  a  forty  acre 
tract  and  will  put  up  a  rig  and  begin  drill- 


ing. J.  L.  Roberts  of  Monterey  is  super- 
intendent. ' 

Kern  County. 

The  Kern,  River  Oil  Co.  has  two  addi- 
tional rigs  up  and  drilling  will  begin  next 
week. 

:  B.  Ostick  has  purchased  the  Porter 
one-third  interest  in  the  Rainbow  and 
Tipton,  claims,  near  Randsburg,  giving 
him' a  two-thirds  interest  in  the  group. 

The  Associate  d  Oil  Co.,  which  for  sev- 
eral months  has  been  drilling  on  the  Cali- 
fornia Standard  lease  at  McKittrick,  and 
where  six  wells  are  down,  is  moving  its 
outfits  on  to  the  Monte  Cristo  lease,  south 
of  McKittrick.  The  Associated  .  Oil  Co. 
will  sink  ten  wells  on  the  Monte  Cristo. 
The  new  wells  will  be  confined  to  the  land 
adjacent  to  the  hills,  as  so  far  all  the  best 
wells  that  have  been  drilled  in  that  ter- 
ritory are  those  nearest  the  range  of  hills, 
says  the  Californian.  The  Pacific  Crude 
Oil  Co.,  on  adjacent  territory  to  the  Monte 
.Cristo  lease,  has  brought  in  itsthird  well. 

Mono  County. 

Superintendent  Turner  of  the  Standard 
Con.  M.  Co.,  at  Bodie,  says  he. is  making 
tests  with  view  of  working  the  sands  and 
slimes  of  their  mill  tailings  separate. 
Nevada  County. 
C.  A.  Bailey  of  San  Francisco,  president 
of  the  Central  Con.  M,  Co.,  operating  on 
Little  Greenhorn  creek,  near  Grass  Val- 
ley, says  they  will  build  a  10-stamp  mill  on 
their  group  this  fall.  By  the  time  it  is 
finished  it  is  expected  to  have  ore  enough 
uncovered  to  keep  the  mill  running.  In 
addition  to  the  Duval  vein,  which  they  are 
developing,  they  expect  to  cut  the  Green- 
horn -vein,  which  is  located  in  the  foot- 
wall. 

The  company  owning  the  Yuba  mine, 
near  Maybert,  is  working  on  a  2500-foot 
gravity  tramway,  which  will  carry  ore 
from  the  Mayflower  to  Yuba's  mill,  says 
Superintendent  J.  L.  Bryson. 

The  North  Bloomfield  M.  Co.,  at  North 
Blooafield,  has  men  at  work  refacing 
Bowman's  dam,  which  is  expected  to  be 
finished  by  November  15.  The  company 
also  has  men  running  a  tunnel  a  distance 
of  several  hundred  feet.  When  completed 
it  will  be  used  as  a  passageway  for  the 
water  which  will  be  run  from  the  dam  to 
the  mine,  doing  away  •  with  danger  of 
flumes  being  swept  away  by  the  winter 
freshets. 

The  German  quartz  mine,  on  the  South 
Yuba  river  between  Washington  and 
Maybert, .  after  being  idle  for  several 
years,  will  resume  next  month,  with  M. 
D.  Cooley  as  superintendent. 

The  Quartz  Quarry  G.  M.  Co.,  operat- 
ing the  Junction  mine  near  North  San 
Juan,  is  negotiating  for  the  40-stamp  mill 
on  the  Gold  Bank  mine  at  Forbestown, 
which  will  be  moved  to  the  Junction  mine 
tunnel  portal.  They  will  run  the  machin- 
ery by  electricity  from  the  Bay  Counties 
Colgate  power  house.  The  Junction  vein 
is  60  feet  thick,  on  contact  between  gran- 
ite and  slate,  and  milling  tests  have 
shown  the  general  run  of  the  ore  averages 
$3  a  ton,  says  Superintendent  H.  Huckins. 
The  compressors  bought  by  the  Empire 
M,  Co.  of  Grass  Valley  with  the  Allison 
Ranch  plant  will  not  be  moved,  hut  will 
be  operated  in  their  present  position  to 
supply  power  to  the  machinery  at  the 
Omaha  mine.  It  is  the  intention  of  the 
company  to  run  a  pipe  line  from  the  Allison 
Ranch  mine  to  the  Omaha  mine. 

El  Oro  M.  Co.  has  been  incorporated  at 
San  Francisco,  to  operate  near  Nevada 
City.  Directors  are  C.  W.  Hopkins,  W. 
Henderson  and  R.  E.  Starr  of  Oakland, 
■  A.  F.  Stevens  of  Alameda  and  J.  T.  Houx 
of  San  Francisco. 

The  Sixteen-to-One  mine  at  Washington 
will  have  a  mill,  says  Manager  Eagan. 

The  Empire  M.  Co.  of  Grass  Valley  has 
bought  i  the  machinery  of  the  Allison 
Ranch  mine,  near  Grass  Valley.  G.  W. 
Starr,  manager  of  the  Empire,  says  the 
machinery  will  be  removed  to  the  Omaha 
mine,  which  is  being  operated  by  the  Em- 
pire Co.     The  mill  is  of  20  stamps. 

Manager  Hay  has  men  at  work  develop- 
ing the  Hay  mine  at  Randolph  Flat. 
Placer  County. 
A  strike  is  reported  in  the  Crosby  mine, 
between  the  Three  Stars  mine  and  Lin- 
coln, 7  miles  northwest  of  Auburn.  After 
cleaning  out  the  old  works  the  shaft  was 
sunk  from  the  300-foot  level  140  feet. 
Drifts  were  started  east  and  west  and 
struck  the  ledge  on  the  west  side.  It 
showed  14  inches  in  width.  The  ore  av- 
erages $25  per  ton,  says  Superintendent 
F.  Crosby.  The  mine  is  incorporated  as 
the  Crosby  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  and  is  owned 
by  Lincoln  men. ' 

Increased  operations  are  under  way  at 
the  Barton  mine  at  Westville,  and  fifteen 

more  men  will  be  put  on  next  week. 

The  Gaylord  mine,  near  Auburn,  has 
been  started  up  for  the  winter  season  and 
fifty  men  will  he  put  at  work  next  week. 

It  is  reported  the  Red  Point  mine  will 

be  shut  down.  The  tunnel  .has  reached 
the  4-mile  point,  says  the  Placer,  Repub- 
lican. 


Sacramento  County. 

The  Sutter  M.  Co.  has  been  organized 
by  Sacramento  men,  and  is  now  sinking  a 
shaft  on  the  Murray  place,  on  which  the 
original  Blue  Ravine  mine  was  located, 
near  Folsom,  says  the  Bee.  The  ground 
has  been  prospected  by  drill. '■■■■■■ 

P.  C.  Cohn  of  Folsom  will  reopen  the 
Prosperity  mine,  near  Folsom.  A  pump 
and  other  machinery  has  been  set  up  and 
the  workings  are  being  unwatered.^-— 
The  new  plant  of  the  Gray  Wing  M.  Co., 
which  is  located  several  hundred  feet  west 
of  the  old  works,  is  about  completed. — — 
On  the  lower  end  of  the  Broder  ranch,  a 
mile  from  its  present  plant,  the  Blue  Ra- 
vine M.  Co.  will  put  up  works  and  open 
up  the  ground.  It  will  be  necessary  to 
have  two  plants  to  work  the  ground  the 
company  has. 

The  Hupp  &  Roberts  Co.  will  sink  anew 
shaft  on  thePerazzo  ranch,  near  Folsom, 
800' feet  east  of  its  previous  workings.-^^ 
The  Folsom  Dev.  Co.  has  its  drills  at  work 
prospecting  the  ground  it  has  bonded.  ■  It 
is  said  the  company  will  build  four  dredge^ 
in  addition  to  the  two  in  course  of  con- 
struction. 

San  I>lego  County. 

Superintendent  R.  K.  Humphrey  of  the 
California  King  G.  M.  Co..  at  Picacho,  re- 
ports the  mines  and  plants  in  steady;_oper- 
ation.  A  double  drum  gasoline  hoist  is 
being  put  up  on  the  Apache  claim,  1000 
feet  from  the  old  mine.  A  double  •  com- 
partment shaft  has  been  sunk  on.i't.  Aside 
from  the  ore  body  opened  up  in  the 
Apache,  ore  has  been  blocked  out  in  the 
Dulcinea.  Diamond  drills,  run  by  gaso- 
line, are  exploiting  the  body  lower  down. 

Machinery  for  the  Encinitas  C.  Co. 's 
concentrating  plant  at  Encinitas  is  on  the 
ground  and  being  set  up.  The  crusher 
will  handle  seventy-five  tons  of  ore  per 
day. 

Shasta  County. 

;  The  Texas  Con.  mine,  near  Keswick, 
was  sold  on  the.l7th  inst.,  under  foreclos- 
ure of  mortgage,  to  Paul  &  Garlick  of  San 
Francisco  for  $20,000. 

In  the  Old  Diggings  district,  near  Red- 
ding, the  Keystone  group  of  mines  has 
been  sold  to  W.  W.  Old  of  Redding  for 
San  Francisco  men.  The  new  owners  will 
begin  running  a  tunnel  between  500  and 
1000  feet  in  length  to  tap  the  body  of  ore 
showing  at  surface,  and  as  soon  as  the 
mine  is  opened  up  a  100-ton  smelting  plant 
will  be  built. 

The  Quartz  Hill  mine,  near  Redding,  is 
shipping  quartzose  gold  ore  to  the  Keswick 
smelter.  The  mine  has  been  reopened  un- 
der Superintendent  W.  O'Donnell,  who 
has  eleven  •  miners  at  work.  The  ship- 
ments are  being  made  for  test  purposes, 
and,  if  satisfactory,  development  work 
Will  be  increased.  The  ore  will  be  trans- 
ported to  Keswick,  a  distance  Of  5  miles, 
on  cable  tramway,  to  have  capacity  of  100 
tons  a  dayi  says  the  Free  Press.  The 
Quartz  Hill'  mine  is  about  4  miles  north  of 
Redding,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Sacra- 
mento river. 

Sierra  County. 

J.  W.  Morrell,  manager  of  the  Alle- 
ghany Drift  M.  Co.,  at  AUeghany,  says 
they  are  preparing  for  winter  operations, 
and  he  expects  to  have  water  in  the 
ditches  next  week. 

Siskiyou  County. 

Work  is  resuming  at  the  Spengler  mine 
at  mouth  of  Humbug  creek,  near,  Hawk- 
insville,  in  getting  ready  for  winter.  This 
mine  is  worked  with  •  steam  derricks, 
ground  sluicing1  and  hydraplicking.^^ 
The  Stallcup  Bros,  and  Standford  are  re- 
ported taking  out  pay  in  their  river  claim 
below  Hornbro.ok,  on  the  Klamath  river, 
in  bedrock  gravel. 

Tuolumne  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Kodak 
mine,  on  the  north  fork  of  the  Tuol- 
umne river,  near  Carters,  is  under  bond 
to  L.  F.  Walker  of  San  Francisco; 
he  has  men  at  work  grading  the  millsite 
for  a  10-stamp  .mill.  He  expects  to  have 
it  in  operation  this  winter. 

Carters,  October  20. 

The  Hampton  mine,  near  the  Rawhide 
extension,  near  Tuttletown,  is  being* 
worked  by  E."  J.  Rule  and  the  Hampton 
Bros.  They  are  drifting  on  vein  No.  1, 
which  shows  free  gold  and  galena. 

The  bond  on  the  Vine  Spring  mine,  near 
Columbia,  has  been  extended  by  the  own- 
ers to  the  Yankee  Hill  M.  Co.  Five  stamps 
will  be  added  to  the  2-stamp  mill  and  a 
cyanide  plant  put  in. 

Sheriff  Adams  last  week  deeded  to  the 
Big  Casino  G.  M.  Co.,  of  Seattle,  Wash., 
under  a  judgment  against  the  Mack  Con. 
G.  Co.,  air  interest  of  the  latter  in  the 
Wooten  quartz  mine,  10-stamp  mill  and 
improvements;  also  the  Contention  quartz 
mine  at  Big  Oak .  Flat.  The  Big  Casino 
G.  M.  Co.  has  bought  the  Priest  interest 
in  the  Wooten  mine,  at  Big  Oak  Flat,  ad- 
joining the  Mack  mine;  also  water  rights. 

The  tramway  has  been  finished  between 
the  Grizzly  and  Garfield  mines,; near  Car- 


October  24,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


27G 


ters,  and  rock  from  the  latter  is  being 
crushed  in  the  Grizzly  mill. 

L.  A.  Bowen  and  P.  J.  Pedro  have  a 
bond  for  a  deed  to  the  Reed  one-half  in- 
terest in  the  Mary  Ann  quartz  mine,  on 
the    Stanislaus    river,    above    Pine    Log, 

near    Columbia,    and    near    the    Hyap 

mine. 

Trinity  Comity. 

The  Layman  mine  at  Hayfork  is  being 
developed    under    Superintendent    J.    is. 

Layman.  When  the  reeent  bond  expired 
the  face  Of  the  lowest  tunnel  was  a  d  if  t  a  nee 
of  30  feel  from  the  ledge.  Layman  is  run- 
ning a  crosscut. 

R.  a.  Skinner,  owner  of  the  Yellowstone 
group  of  mines  on  Bast  Pork,  near  Wea- 
verville.   has  resumed    development   work. 

E.   P.    May,  secretary  of  the  Trinity 

Dredging  &  Hydraulic  G.  M.  Co.,  near 
Weaverviile,  says  the  company  purposes 
installing  a  dredger. 

COLORADO. 

Clear  Creek  County. 

Six  belt  concentrators,  besides  tables, 
have  been  added  by  Manager  Crow  to  the 
equipments  in  the  (-'on.  Alpine  mill,  near 
Uialio  Springs.  The  mill  will  be  in  opera- 
tion this  week,  adding  about  seventy-live 
tons  daily  to  the  milling  capacity  of  Idaho 
Springs  district.  Machinery  is  being  put 
in  at  the  Coronation  tunnel  on  Trail 
creek,  including  a  six  drill  compressor  and 
boiler. 

An  addition  has  been  completed  at  the 
Jackson  concentrator,  near  Idaho  Springs, 
and  two  more  buddies  placed  therein. 
They  will  be  used  to  work  over  the  pulp 
from  the  tables  that  now  goes  into  the 
creek.  The  Jackson  mill  is  owned  by  J. 
G.  Roberts.  He  has  water  power  plants, 
with  power  to  double  his  present  milling 
capacity. 

T.  May  &  Co.  are  getting  out  ore 
from  the  Prostburg  lode,  near  Silver 
Plume.  Besides  having  a  body  of  milling 
grade  ore  there  is  a  small  streak  of  gray 
copper  through  it  that  runs  high  in  silver. 

W.  H.  Crawford  of  Nashville,  Tenn., 
vice-president  of  the  Southern  M.,  M.  & 
Dev.  Co.,  says  operations  will  be  resumed 
on  the  group  consisting  of  the  Evening 
Star  and  Poor  Man's  Relief  group  of 
claims  on  McClellan  mountain,  near  Silver 
Plume.  It  is  intended  to  drive  a  tunnel 
to  cut  these  lodes  at  depth. 

Caster  County. 

O.  W.  Murphy  of  Colorado  Springs, 
who  has  a  two-year  lease  on  the  Silver 
Bar  mine,  has  arranged  for  the  use  of  the 
Rocky  Mountain  Reduction  plant,  also  in 
Custer  county.  He  is  building  a  shaft- 
house  and  putting  in  a  steam  hoist,  and 
will  increase  development  work. 
Fremont  County. 

Two  oil  wells  were  opened  last  week 
near  Florence.  The  United  Oil  Co. 
brought  in  well  No.  322,  5  miles  south  of 
Florence,  at  a  depth  of  1500  feet,  which 
will  produce  fifty  barrels  of  oil  per  day, 
but  the  company  may  decide  to  drill  the 
well  to  a. depth  of  2500  feet.  The  other 
oil  well  was  opened  by  the  Frazer  Oil  Co. 

Gilpin  County. 

The  Golden  Rod  M.  &  M.  Co.,  in  which 
Chicago  men  are  interested,  is  operating 
in  Silver  Creek  section,  west  of  Central 
City.  A  shaft  building  has  been  built  at 
its  Pet,  or  main  shaft  workings,  and  has 
put  in  a  hoisting  plant.  The  shaft  on  the 
Pet  is  down  50  feet  and  will  be  sunk  to  a 
depth  of  200  feet.  Ore  has  been  taken 
out  of  this  shaft  giving  returns  of  $37  per 
ton.  The  company  is  putting  in  a  two- 
drill  air  compressor.  A  new  road  has 
been  built  from  Silver  creek  to  the  Pet 
shaft.     J.  Lillig  is  president  and  manager. 

The  Avon  M.  Co.  is  shipping  an  average 
of  three  cars  per  day  from  the  San  Juan 
mine  on  Quartz  hill,  near  Central  City, 
via  the  Gilpin  Tramway  Co.  to  the  com- 
pany stamp  mill  in  Nevada  gulch.  The 
ores  are  coming  from  the  third,  fourth 
and  sixth  levels.  W.  C.  Denison  is  mana- 
ger. 

The  Missouri-Colorado  M.  &  M.  Co.  has 
a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Snowden  group, 
near  the  head  of  Silver  creek,  near  Cen- 
tral City,  and  has  put  men  to  work.  The 
company  is  stoping  in  the  upper  tunnel 
and  is  snipping  test  lots  of  ore.  They  will 
work  it  in  conjunction  with  their  Old  Ann 
property,  to  the  north.  The  Old  Ann 
shaft  is  down  425  feet.  W.  C.  Hollister  is 
manager. 

Sinking  operations  have  begun  at  the 
Kemp  Calhoun  mine,  near  the  head  of 
Leavenworth  gulch,  near  Central  City, 
and  are  being  carried  on  with  threeeight- 
hour  shifts.  The  shaft  is  350  feet  deep. 
The  property  is  being  operated  by  Man- 
hire  Bros,  under  lease  and  bond,  and  they 

are  shipping  smelting  ores. MeFarlane 

&  Co.  of  Black  Hawk  are  putting  in  new 
mortars  at  the  Polar  Star  and  Meade 
mills,  on  North  Clear  creek,  and  are  build- 
ing a  flume  480  feet  in  length,  3  feet  wide 
and  2  feet  deep,  to  the  Polar  Star  mill. 


QunmaoD  Couuty. 

The  Gothic  M..  M.  &  Coal  Co.  at  Can- 
ton, 111.,  operating  in  the  Gothic  section, 
lias  remodeled  its  mill  and  put  in  a  combi- 
nation treatment  plant.  The  original 
plant  was  for  treatment  of  silver  and  lead 
ores  by  leaching  and  smelting,  but  now 
consists  of  a  milling  and  concentrating 
section  and  smelters  for  the  further  treat- 
ment of  the  mill  products.  The  ore,  mid- 
dlings and  slimes  are  each  handled  sepa- 
rately. Theoompanj  bason  a  lower  level 
than  the  mill  and  concentrating  plant  a 
fifty-ton  copper  matting  furnace  and  a 
fifty-tun  lead  smelter.  Ores  which  con- 
tain lead  and  copper  together,  or  all  three 
metals,  will  lie  first  milled  and  the  several 
compounds  of  those  metals  separated. 
They  will  then  be  in  the  form  of  fine  con- 
centrates which  will  be  briquetted  and 
then  smelted.  F.  L.  Clements  of  Canton, 
111.,  is  manager  and  superintendent,  and 
D.  H.  Lawrence  is  smelter  superintendent. 

Lake  County. 

Manager  Linderman,  of  the  Louise  M. 
Co.,  operating  in  English  gulch,  near 
Leadville,  says  development  is  going 
ahead  and  showing  considerable  low-grade 
ore.  The  company  will  build  a  mill  at  its 
mine. 

At  Leadville  the  work  of  rebuilding  the 
Elgin  smelter  will  be  started  next  month 
by  tho  Ohio  &  Colorado  Smelting  Co., 
which  owns  the  Salida  smelter,  says  Man- 
ager Goodwrin.  They  will  build  two  more 
lead  furnaces  at  the  Salida  smelter. 

It  is  reported  the  Garbutt  mine  on  the 
gold  belt,  near  Leadville,  will  again  be 
developed.  It  is  owned  by  W.  S.  Chees- 
man  of  Denver. 

In  addition  to  outputting  8000  tons  a 
month  the  Ibex  M.  Co.  at  Leadville  is  do- 
ing considerable  development  and  pros- 
pecting in  new  territory.  A  station  has 
been  cut  in  No.  4  shaft  at  the  level  where 
the  shaft  connects  with  the  Yak  tunnel. 
A  drift  has  been  started  100  feet  above 
the  tunnel  and  a  body  of  ore  opened.  It 
is  not  the  intention  to  transport  the  ore 
through  the  tunnel,  but  it  enables  the 
development  at  greater  depth. 

The  Iron-Silver  M.  Co.  is  starting  work 
on  the  Tuscan  mine,  which  belongs  to  the 
company,  and  which  has  been  idle  for 
some  time.  The  Tuscan  shaft  was  sunk 
to  the  sulphide  contact,  and  bodies  of  low- 
grade  sulphide  ore  opened. 

Manager  G.  F.  Campion  says  he  has  put 
fifty  men  on  the  Caribou  mine  at  Leadville, 
and  will  resume  shipping  a  heavy  tonnage 
of  silver-lead  ore  to  the  Salida  smelter.  The 
Caribou  was  sending  100  tons  a  day  to  the 
Salida  plant  when  they  shut  down  a  few 
weeks  ago. 

W.  F.  Deaner,  manager  of  the  La  Plata 
mine,  near  Leadville,  which  has  been  sold 
to  Illinois  men,  is  repairing  the  surface 
plant  and  will  lease  the  ground  in  blocks 
to  miners. 

Mineral  County. 

The  Revenue  Tunnel  Co.,  W.  Skinner 
superintendent,  has  resumed  operations 
on  the  Revenue  tunnel  on  Mammoth 
mountain,  near  Creede,  and  will  continue 
driving  for  another  thousand  feet.  The 
breast   of   the   tunnel  is  in  1310  feet   from 

the  mouth. C.  W.  Roe  started  up  his 

concentrating  mill  last  week  to  treat  the 
zinc  ore  in   the  Happy  Thought  dump 

that  he  is  working  under  lease. K.  Bar- 

riclaw  and  J.  L.  Peters  have  a  lease  on 
the  Krutzer  Sonata  mine,  near  Creede, 
and  will  begin  development  work  next 
week. 

President  G.  Davis  of  the  Humphreys 
mill,  near  Creede,  says  they  have  given 
orders  to  shut  down  the  mill  for  the  win- 
ter. The  cold  weather  has  so  decreased 
the  water  supply  that  they  have  insuf- 
ficient power,  and  the  steam  power  plant 
will  not  be  ready  for  use  until  Nov.  1. 
Superintendent  Lees  meanwhile  will  mine 
only  ore  that  can  be  shipped  to  the 
smelter. 

The  ore  output  of  Creede  district  for 
the  year  is  as  follows  : 

Month.  Tons. 

January ' 5,383 

February 5,788 

March 7,072 

April 5,715 

May 5,645 

June 5,71 1 

July 5,636 

AUEUst 6,396 

September 6,891 

October  (to  Oct.  10) 2,018 

A  five-year  lease  on  the  Mike  Le  Fever 
claims  on  McKenzle  mountain,  near 
Creede,  consisting  of  the  Paris  and  Dia- 
mond King  lodes,  between  the  Corsair  and 
Krutzer  Sonata  mines,  has  been  given  to 
R.  Lucette,  C.  McGillivray,  J.  Graden,  A. 
Bunch,  G.  Martin,  W.  Cosgrove,  F. 
Hughes  and  C.  Welle.  They  intend  driv- 
ing a  crosscut  tunnel  near  the  foot  of  the 
mountain  to  cut  the  vein  at  depth  of  500 
feet  from  the  apex  where  it  has  been  de- 
veloped by  shallow  shafts.  In  these  shafts 
samples  from  the  vein  run  100  ounces  in 
silver  per  ton.  The  tunnel  will  have  to 
be  driven  300  feet,  to  cut  the  vein,  says  the 
Creede  Candle. 


Ouray   County. 

T.  M.  Jordan  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  part 
owner  of  the  Shulesburg  group  of  claims, 
at  the  mouth  of  Poughkeepsie  gllleh,  near 
Ouray,  says  they  will  reopen  the  group 
and  increase  development.  Low-gradeore 
is  on  the  dump  awaiting  starting  of  the 
Home  pyritie  smelter. 

.1.  H.  Tumbach  of  St.  Louis.  Mo.,  re- 
ports consolidation  of  properties  neur 
Ouray,  comprising  300  acres.  The  ground 
known  as  the  Blow  Out  gulch  properties 
is  owned  by  the  Ouray  Con.  M.  Co.,  the 
new  organization,  and  includes  fifteen 
claims  and  a  millsite  held  by  location,  five 
claims  and  a  millsite  patented,  and  con- 
tracts for  six  additional  claims.  They 
contracted  to  buy  the  10-stamp  mill  in 
operation  on  the  ground.  The  company 
will  put  in  machinery  and  drive  the  tun- 
nel through  its  entire  acreage,  a  distance 
of  5200  feet.  The  greatest  depth  that  will 
be  attained  by  the  bore  wrill  be  3000  feet. 
About  1000  feet  of  tunneling  has  been  done 
on  the  principal  group  of  claims.  The 
directors  of  the  company  are:  H.  Ziegen- 
heim,  P.  J.  Doerr,  J.  H.  Tumbach,  J. 
Hayward,  T.  W.  Emerson,  J.  W.  Jones, 
T.  Osborne,  P.  S.  Mallory  and  F.  J.  Hu- 
laniski.  J.  Hayward  is  manager. 
Park  Couuty. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  About  12 
miles  from  Fairplay,  at  12,300  feet  above 
sea  level,  and  near  the  summit  of  Mt. 
Sheridan  in  Horseshoe  mining  district,  is 
the  Last  Chance  mine,  owned  and  oper- 
ated by  the  Cerussite  M.  &  M.  Co.,  B.  S. 
Schlessinger,  manager.  The  mill  has  a 
capacity  of  fifty  tons  per  day  and  is  24 
miles  below  the  mine,  on  a  branch  of  the 
C.  &  S.  Railway.  The  ore  is  hauled  from 
the  mine  to  the  mill  by  wagons.  The 
ground  in  the  mine  is  frozen  to  a  depth  of 
450  feet.  In  one  of  the  stopes  they  have 
what  is  known  as  the  "ice  palace."  The 
frozen  condition  of  the  rock  enables  them 
to  mine  without  timbering.  The  stope  is 
from  40  to  60  feet  wide,  and  in  places  200 
feet  in  width  without  any  timbering.  At 
present  they  are  mining  forty  tons  of  ore 
per  day,  and  employing  twenty-five  men. 
The  ore  carries  lead  and  silver  and  some 
gold. 

Fairplay,  October  17. 

Saguache  County. 

The  Steel  Canon  M.,  M.  &  I.  Co.,  which 
is  operating  at  Villa  Grove,  near  the  Orient 
mines  of  the  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron  Co., 
report  having  opened  up  a  large  body  of 
low-grade  silver-copper  ore.  A  60  H.  P. 
boiler,  compressor  and  air  drills  will  be 
put  in.  Arrangements  are  completed  for 
building  a  100-ton  smelter. 

San  Juan  County. 

A  tailing  plant  will  be  put  in  at  the  Gold 
King  mill,  near  Silverton,  says  the  Stand- 
ard. Grading  the  ground  adjoining  the 
mill  has  been  done,  and  plans  have  been 
made  for  a  building  75x160  feet  to  cover 
thirty-six  slimes  tables. 

San  Miguel  County. 

At  the  Black  Bear  mine  in  Ingram 
basin,  near  Telluride,  development  work 
is  progressing.  A  reduction  plant  will  be 
built. 

The  Silver  Bell  mine,  near  Ophir,  is 
turning  out  200  tons  of  ore  per  day.  Regu- 
lar shipments  of  bullion  are  made  to  the 
mint  and  from  two  to  three  cars  of  con- 
centrates are  shipped  daily  to  the  smelter. 
The  company  has  150  men  on  the  payroll. 

The  Carribeau-Montezuma  mill,  near 

Ophir,  is  also  running  steadily  and  thirty 
stamps  are  dropping.  This  company 
granted  its  millmen  an  eight-hour  day  at 
the  same  time  that  the  new  scale  of  hours 
and  wages  was  adopted  by  the  Silver  Bell, 
and  never  suspended  work  a  day.  All  the 
product  of  the  mill  is  sent  to  smelters  for 
treatment,  the  ore  being  refractory,  and 
some  ore  is  also  shipped.  The  principal 
development  work  at  the  mine  Is'opening 
an  air  shaft  from  the  second  level  to  the 
surface,  which  will  add  to  the  ventilation 
of  the  underground  workings.  The  com- 
pany is  employing  fifty  men,  but  this 
number  will  be  increased. 

Summit  County. 

Near  Breckenridge  work  on  the  Monte 
Cristo  group  is  reported  progressing.  A 
mill  will  be  built.  The  aerial  tramway  is 
being  put  in  place. 

The  Masontown  M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating 
the  Victoria  mine  at  Frisco,  having 
bought  the  Smith  stamp  mill  north  of 
Breckenridge,  is  tearing  it  down  and  mov- 
ing it  to  its  property  on  the  Ten-Mile 
range,  says  Superintendent  Wortman  of 
Climax. 

A  former  producer  in  the  Consolidated 
Ten-Mile  district  has  been  bought  by  the 
Felicia  Grace  M.  Co.,  which  has  been  in- 
corporated to  develop  it.  The  property 
consists  of  several  fractions  (ten  acres  in 
all)  at  Robinson.  The  Rio  Grande  Rail- 
way has  built  side  tracks  to  the  main 
shaft  building  and  shipments  have  begun. 
The  directors  are:  C.  C.  Worrall,  D.  Kene- 
ven,  E.  T.  Buller,  E.  C.  Straub  of  Denver, 
and  M.  Brockstedt  of  Leadville. 


Teller  County. 

Superintendent  King  of  the  Sioux  Palls 
&  Cripple  Creek  M.  &  Dev.  Co.,  which 
holds  a  lease  on  the  Fort  Wilcox  and  Fluo- 
:.ims  on  Copper  mountain,  near  Crip- 
ple Creek,  says  they  will  start  operating 
the  cyanide  plant  next  week.  The  mill 
will  have  capacity  of  treating  100  tons  of 
ore  per  day.  There  is  on  the  surface  ore 
that  can  be  successfully  handled  by  cya- 
nide process  which  will  yield  values  of  $5 
pei  ton  in  gold. 

Manager  II.  E.  Woods  reports  a  strike 
on  the  Gold  Coin  mine  at  Victor.  In  the 
tenth  level  a  16-foot  vein  of  ore,  carrying 
values  of  two  ounces  gold  per  ton,  has  been 
cut  and  has  been  traced  for  a  distance  of 
125  feet.  The  tenth  level  is  1039  feet  be- 
low the  surface  and  development  work  has 
readied  depth  of  1250  feel.  Woods  says 
there  has  been  a  marked  decrease  in  the 
water  levels  since  the  drainage  tunnel  was 
driven. 

Lessee  H.  M.  Gilbert  of  the  Milwaukee 
Leasing  Co.,  operating  on  the  Le  Clair 
claim,  near  Cripple  Creek,  is  putting  in 
additional  machinery.  It  is  the  intention 
of  Gilbert  to  take  up  the  bond  which  he 
holds.  The  pay  streak  is  1  inch  in  width, 
of  a  deep  fluorite,  carrying  sylvanite.  The 
vein  is  broken  down  for  4  feet  and  the 
entire  stuff  is  shipped,  giving  returns  of 
two  ounces  gold  per  ton,  says  Gilbert.  He 
has  a  6-drill  compressor,  a  hoist  8x10  feet 
and  an  80  H.  P.  boiler.  The  shaft  is  down 
335  feet  and  two  drifts  have  been  extended 
both  north  and  south. 

President  and  manager  N.  Franklin  of 
the  Eagle  Sampler  at  Cripple  Creek  says 
he  has  seventeen  men  at  work  and  is  run- 
ning through  150  tons  of  rock  per  day. 
The  T.  &  P.  and  the  Rio  Grande  samp- 
lers, as  well  as  the  Black  sampler,  are 
working  a  regular  force  and  are  treating 
nearly  up  to  the  standard.  The  gross 
amount  of  tons  being  treated  and  shipped 
out  directly,  exclusive  of  the  Portland 
mine,  is  500'  tons  per  day,  says  the  Cripple 
Creek  Times. 

IDAHO. 

Bingham  County. 

The  Cariboo  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  has 
been  incorporated,  with  the  principal 
place  of  business  at  Idaho  Falls,  with 
F.  A.  Putnam,  C.  Miller,  W.  A.  &  E.  M. 
Holden  and  A.  W.  Holden  as  directors. 
Blaine  County. 

Superintendent  J.  Peterson  of  the  Nav- 
arino  &  Comet  group  of  mines,  on  Deer 
creek,  near  Hailey,  says  he  has  eighteen 
men  at  work  and  several  buildings  have 
been  put  up.  Two  six-horse  teams  are 
getting  in  wood,  timbers  and  lagging  for 
the  winter.  This  done,  the  teams  will  be 
put  to  hauling  ore  from  the  mines  to  the 
site  on  Deer  creek  where  a  mill  will  be 
built  in  the  spring. 

Boise  County. 

The  Banner  mines,  20-stamp  mill,  two 
hoists,  sawmill,  pumps,  lathe  and  other 
machinery  have  been  bought  by  V. 
Thorne  for  the  London  company  owning 
a  group  of  mines  in  Gambrinus  district. 
The  Crown  Point  hoist  will  be  moved  this 
fall  to  the  company's  Gambrinus  group.  It 
has  capacity  for  sinking  1200  feet.  The 
Crown  Point  mine  was  worked  to  a  depth 
of  600  feet  and  the  Banner  to  a  depth  of 
590  feet. 

K.  Keller,  who  has  a  bond  on  the  Elk- 
horn  mine,  near  Idaho  City,  will  put  in  a 
boiler  and  pump  and  unwater  the  shaft 
sunk  in  the  lower  tunnel. 

J.  E.  Richardson  says  he  has  men  de- 
veloping a  group  on  Charcoal  gulch,  2£ 
miles  west  of  Neal  and  \  mile  from  where 
Charcoal  empties  into  the  Boise  river. 
The  vein  is  5  feet  wide,  with  a  granite 
hanging  wall,  and  assays  $40  in  gold,  with 
a  little  silver.  He  will  start  a  tunnel  to 
get  a  depth  of  500  feet  on  the  vein.  He 
proposes  to  build  a  reduction  plant. 

Canyon   County. 

W.  C.  Austin  of  Boise  and  W.  V.  Gar- 
rett of  Spokane,  Wash.,  report  buying 
the  opal  mines  on  the  Snake  river  for 
Eastern  parties.  They  will  employ  twenty 
to  thirty  men  at  the  mine,  including  lapi- 
daries. The  opals  are  found  in  andesite, 
being  in  calcareous  seams  and  in  geodes, 
says  the  Idaho  Capital  News.  They  will 
break  out  the  rock  by  using  lime  instead 
of  powder.  A  hole  is  drilled  in  the  rock 
and  filled  with  lime,  water  is  then  poured 
in  and  a  wooden  plug  tightly  driven  in 
the  mouth  of  the  hole.  The  swelling  of 
the  lime  breaks  the  rock  gradually,  so 
that  the  opals  are  not  injured.  The  loca- 
tions consist  of  six  full  claims  near  the 
river,  20  miles  southwest  of  Nampa. 

Elmore  County. 

Near  Atlanta,  G.  Butler,  H.  Crab,  H. 
Tesky  et  al.  are  developing  a  group  of 
locations  on  the  head  of  Black  Warrior 
creek,  4  miles  from  the  Walker  and  Bird- 
well  discoveries.  The  ledges  show  free 
gold. 


277 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


Idaho  County. 

C.  L.  Hathaway  of  Warren  reports  that 
he  has  5000  acres  of  placer  ground  12 
miles  west  of  Warren,  and  has  put  in 
machinery,  buildings,  etc.  A  ditch  6  feet 
wide  on  the  bottom,  which  will  carry 
6000  miners'  inches  of  water,  is  being-  cut. 
The  ground  averages  25  cents  per  cubic 
yard  and  is  25  feet  deep. 

C.  Hildebrandt,  in  Rapid  River  district, 
northwest  of  Warren,  reports,  in  driving- 
tunnel,  he  cut  a  shoot  carrying  values  in 
tellurides. 

Owyhee  County. 

The  Florida  Mountain  mill  at  Dewey, 
near  Silver  City,  was  started  up  last  week 
by  electric  power,  says  the  Avalanche. 
The  property  is  owned  by  the  Trade  Dol- 
lar Con.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  which  has  recon- 
structed the  Florida  mill  and  is  concen- 
trating its  operations  at  Dewey  by  closing 
the  Blaine  and  the  Black  Jack  mills  and 
delivering  all  the  ore  at  Dewey  through 
the  Florida  tunnel.  One  important  change 
in  the  mill  was  made  by  placing  the  con- 
centrators ahead  of  the  pans  and  amalga- 
mators, and  putting  in  a  machine  shop  on 
the  floor  where  the  vanners  formerly 
stood.  Current  is  obtained  from  the  elec- 
tric power  plant  at  Swan  Falls  on  Snake 
river,  27  miles  distant.  There  are  120 
lights  in  the  mill,  besides  those  in  the 
tramway  leading  from  the  ore  bins  at  the 
end  of  the  tunnel  tramway. 
Shoshone  County. 

Operations  have  been  resumed  at  the 
Springfield  mine,  in  Stevens  Peak  section, 
near  Mullan,  after  being  closed  down  for 
several  months.  Sinking  has  begun  on  the 
ledge  in  the'lower  tunnel.  If  the  ore  holds 
its  value  at  the  latter  depth  a  lower  tun- 
nel will  be  started,  which  will  give  a  depth 
of  1500  feet  on  the  ledge  by  driving  2000 
feet.  The  group  includes  seven  claims,  7 
miles  south  of  Mullan.  The  ore  carries 
copper  values  in  chalcopyrite.  O.  B.  Liv- 
ingston is  president. 

MICHIGAN. 

Houghton  County. 

Mine  Inspector  Hall's  report  for  the 
year  shows  13,029  men  employed  in  the 
Houghton  county  mines.  For  the  year 
ended  September  30th  there  were  thirty- 
three  deaths  from  accident,  of  which 
thirty-one  were  underground  and  two  on 
the  surface.  In  addition  there  were  eight 
non-fatal  accidents.  Fatalities  were  dis- 
tributed as  follows:  Arcadian  1,  Atlantic  1, 
Baltic  1,  Calumet  &  Hecla  10,  Centennial 
1,  Champion  1,  Franklin  3,  Isle  Royale  2, 
Kearsarge  4,  Osceola  none,  Quincy  5,  Tri- 
mountain  3,  Wolverine  1,  Wyandotte  1 
and  Winona  1. 

The  Wolverine  mine,  near  Calumet,  is 
arranging  to  put  in  a  third  boiler  at  No. 
4  shaft,  with  the  third  automatic  stoker 
and  economizer  through  which  the  gases 
from  all  three  boilers  will  be  discharged. 
This  additional  equipment  is  made  owing 
to  increased  depth  of  workings. 

Work  on  the  Centennial  mine  shaft 
house  on  the  Kearsarge  amygdaloid,  near 
Calumet,  is  progressing. 

The  Red  Jacket  shaft  of  the  Calumet  & 
Hecla,  near  Calumet,  is  out  of  commission 
again.  Operations  were  resumed  last 
week  after  the  trouble  caused  by  a  pre- 
vious accident,  and  on  the  night  shift  an 
up-bound  cage  caught  a  sliver  on  one  of 
the  gauges  and  tore  out  the  timbers  for  a 
distance  of  1000  feet,  says  the  News,  while 
another  cage  struck  the  " keeps.'*  The 
remains  of  the  five-deck  working  cage 
struck  in  the  former  accident  are  still  in 
the  bottom  of  the  compartment.  The 
shaft  will  not  be  in  full  working  order  till 
about  Nov.  15. 

The  Mayflower  mine,  near  Calumet,  is 
drifting  on  the  amygdaloid  lode  from 
depth  of  580  feet  in  the  shaft.  This  lode 
is  east  of  that  on  which  the  Old  Colony  is 
working  and  the  latter  is  itself  east  of  the 
Kearsarge.  Occasional  bunches  of  copper 
are  found,  but  thus  far  the  lode  has  shown 
no  commercial  value.  The  Old  Colony 
crosscut  is  approaching  the  point  where 
the  drill  showed  copper  and  is  being- 
driven  at  right  angles  to  the  formation 
from  depth  of  550  feet. 

No.  1  shaft  of  the  Elm  River  mine,  near 
Winona,  is  400  feet  deep.  The  shaft  is  in 
the  foot  wall  and  no  crosscuts  will  be 
driven  to  examine  the  lode  until  depth  of 
1000  feet  has  been  reached. 

Keweenaw  County. 

Sinking  will  be  resumed  at  the  northerly 
pit  on  the  Miskwabik  mine,  near  AUouez. 
Compressor,  hoist  and  air  drills  are  being 
set  up.  At  a  depth  of  100  feet  a  drift  will 
be  run  to  show  up  the  lode  and  will  he 
south  of  the  permanent  shaft  a  distance 
of  300  feet,  from  which  a  raise  will  be  car- 
ried to  connect  with  openings  from  above. 
The  permanent  shaft  has  passed  through 
the  overburden  and  is  now  in  the  ledge 
with  copper  showing. 

Ontonagau  County. 

Six  rock  crushers  for  the  Michigan  mine 
at  Rockland  are  being  set  up  in  A  and  B 


shaft  houses.  Rock  shipments  from  the 
Michigan  will  begin  by  Nov.  10. 

MISSOURI 

Jasper  County. 

The  Imp  M.  Co.,  composed  of  Veatch, 
Chrisman,  Smith  &  Bennett,  of  Webb 
City,  have  struck  a  lead  prospect  4  miles 
north  of  Joplin,  on  the  Smith  &  Stickney 
ground,  says  the  News-Herald.  They 
have  three  drifts  opened  up  and  have  put 
in  hand  jigs  and  commenced  washing. 
The  first  fifty  tubs  washed  cleaned  up 
1500  pounds  of  lead.  The  lead  was  struck 
10  feet  from  the  shaft  in  a  drift  which 
they  were  running  to  catch  a  run  of  jack 
which  had  raised  from  the  75-foot  level. 

The  Octo  mine  on  the  Wolcott-Baird 
lease  has  been  sold  to  J.  Laidlow  of 
Toronto,  Canada.  The  property  consists 
of  three  lots  and  a  steam  hoisting  plant. 
The  mine  was  developed  six  months  ago 
and  since  that  time  has  cleared  $41,000, 
says  the  Joplin  News-Herald. 

Drill  hole  No.  13  on  the  Shoman  lease 
on  the  Harvey  farm,  across  Spring  river 
from  Joplin,  is  reported  to  have  struck 
ore  at  75  feet  and  the  drill  has  sunk  into 
14  feet  of  mineral. 

A  strike  is  reported  on  the  Johnson 
land,  6  miles  west  of  Webb  City.  Jack 
was  found  at  22  feet  and  the  mineral  has 
continued  to  75  feet,  with  the  drill  still  in 
mineral.  The  members  of  the  company 
owning  the  lease  are  R.  Stickney,  J. 
Logan,  G.  W.  Ash,  P.  Hannum,  C.  Bishop 
and  R.  Glenn  of  Carthage. 

A  prospecting  drill  is  at  work  on  the 
Neighbor's  field,  west  of  Carl  Junction. 
The  Mammoth  Lead  Co.  has  its  ma- 
chinery in  working  order  and  is  develop- 
ing.  L.   Anderson,    W.   Downs    et  al. 

have  a  hoist  and  tramway  built  at  their 
shaft  in  Lehigh  and  have  begun  work. 

At  the  Seven  Devils  mine,  near  the 
Lincoln  mine,  near  Joplin,  on  hand  jigs 
they  are  producing  from  twenty  to  thirty 
tons  of  ore  per  week.  They  are  driving- 
drifts  and  developing  the  ground. 

Newton  County. 

The  Scotland  mines,  between  Granby 
and  Joplin,  are  being  reopened  by  Webb 
City  and  Eastern  men.  These  mines  were 
abandoned  several  years  ago  on  account 
of  water,  says  the  Granby  Miner. 

MONTANA. 

Jefferson    County. 

Laughlin  &  Ham,  owners  of  the  Mid- 
night and  Morning  claims,  in  Cataract 
district,  near  Basin,  report  having  struck 
a  body  of  high-grade  sulphide  ore,  carry- 
ing gold,  silver  and  copper.  They  have 
run  a  crosscut  tunnel  500  feet  and  struck 
the  lead  at  depth  of  250  feet.  Several 
shipments  of  surface  ore  have  been  made, 
averaging  $40  per  ton.  These  claims  are 
6000  feet  north  of  the  Crystal  and  Bullion 
mines. 

The  Ajax  M.  Co..  near  Basin,  is  putting 
up  a  10-stamp  mill  at  the  head  of  Big 
Swamp  creek,  in  Big  Hole  Basin. 

The  Minnesota  mine,  near  Wickes,  has 
resumed  operations,  under  bond  to  O.  M. 
Holmes.  He  will  sink  a  new  shaft  and  a 
tunnel  will  be  driven  at  the  foot  of  the 
mountain. 

Madison  County. 

F.  B.  Feetham  of  Grand  Forks,  N.  D., 
manager  of  the  Hungry  Hollow  mines, 
near  Virginia  City,  says  development  will 
be  increased.  A  road  has  been  built.  It 
is  proposed  to  sink  a  vertical  shaft  to 
depth  of  200  feet  and  then  crosscut  to  the 
lead.  Should  the  vein  at  that  depth  prove 
as  good  values  as  near  the  surface,  a  mill 
will  be  built. 

The  Bonanza  mine,  near  Rochester,  has 
been  leased  and  bonded  to  the  San  Do- 
mingo M.  Co.  of  New  York  for  $50,000, 
says  the  Basin  Progress. 

T.  H.  Teal  reports  the  Shaffer  mine  and 
mill,  near  Dillon,  will  be  closed  down  next 

week  for  the  winter. At  the  Kearsarge 

mine  buildings  are  going  up,  and  excava- 
tion for  the  60-stamp  mill  is  finished.  The 
foundations  for  the  batteries  and  engines 
are  being  built.  In  addition  to  plates 
and  concentrators,  will  have  a  cyanide 
plant  with  500-ton  steel  tanks,  says  the 
Madisonian.  The  company  has  150  men 
on  its  payroll,  and  additions  are  constantly 
being  made.  Development  work  in  the 
mines  is  progressing. 

R.  C.  Knox,  manager  of  the  Revenue  M. 
Co.  's  gold-bearing  interests  at  Norris,  says 
they  will  build  a  cyanide  plant  of  100  tons 
daily  capacity,  the  plant  to  be  located  at 
the  mines  and  water  piped  to  it  from  the 
well  24  miles  distant.  Meanwhile  the 
high-grade  ores  which  are  shipped  to  the 
smelter  are  providing  means  with  which 
to  develop  the  mines.  The  last  lot  mark- 
eted assayed  8.9  ounces  gold  and  6.1  ounces 
silver,  says  Knox. 

Kavalli  County. 

A  gold  strike  is  reported  on  Owl  creek 
near  Hamilton,  and  Manager  Cross  of  a 
New  York  company  has  located  thirty- 
eight  claims.  They  say  the  ledge  is  sev- 
eral hundred  feet  wide. 


Silver  Bow   County. 

F.  A.  Heinze  says  he  is  working  every 
man  available  in  the  Minnie  Healey  and 
Rarus  mines  at  Butte,  and  will  increase  his 
reduction  facilities.  His  concentrator  at 
Basin  will  be  enlarged,  and  he  is  building 
a  flume  to  furnish  water  for  the  concen- 
trator, which  will  be  4h  miles  long;  100 
men  are  on  this  work.  On  the  ground  at 
the  Belmont  mine  he  has  material  for 
hoisting  plant  and  ore  bin,  and  is  cutting 
a  station  at  the  600-foot  level  of  the  mine. 
As  soon  as  this  is  done  the  shaft  will  be 
sunk  to  the  800-foot  level.  He  has  a  lease 
and  bond  on  the  Gem  mine,  north  of  the 
Speculator  and  Bell  mines. 

NEVADA. 

Eureka  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Ruby 
Hill  Tunnel  Co.  will  drift  from  main  tun- 
nel 100  feet  south. Tremont  &   Laird, 

working  the  Cloud  mine,  near  the  Silver 
Connor  mine,  have  taken  out  a  shipment 

of  silver-lead  ore. A.  Laird,   working 

the  Alexandria,  has  shipments  ready. 

In  the  Keystone  development  work  is 
progressing  and  the  company  has  600  tons 
of  copper-lead  ore  ready  for  shipment. 
With  the  proceeds  from  this  lot  of  ore 
Superintendent  Porter  proposes  to  build  a 
small  furnace  for  treating  the  ore  on  the 
ground. 

The  mines  at  Hamilton  are  paying  $7 
per  ton  for  hauling  their  ores  to  Eureka — 
an  increase  of  50  cents  per  ton. 

E.  E.  Phillips  of  the  Lincoln  M.  Co.  has 
men  at  work  and  will  start  shipping  next 

month. The  Diamond  mine  has  taken 

out  150  tons  of  ore  for  shipment  the  past 
ten  days.  The  ore  is  a  "yellow"  car- 
bonate that  runs  $8  gold,  10u„  to  15"„  lead 
and  several  ounces  in  silver.  The  main 
tunnel  on  the  Diamond  has  been  run  2300 
feet  in  the  limestone  without  the  quartzite 
hanging  wall.  Men  are  crosscutting  on  a 
drift  northwest,  which  will  open  new 
ground. 

The  Atlantic  &  Pacific  Co.,  adjoining  the 
Diamond,  is  running  a  tunnel  south  in 
ground  carrying  gold  values. The  Ban- 
ner mine,  west  of  the  Diamond,  has  a 
3-foot  ledge  of  low-grade  gold-silver  ore  on 
the  shale  and  limestone  contact.     Assays 

run  $6  gold. The  California  and  "  76  " 

are  reported  to  have  silver-lead  ore  carry- 
ing manganese  which  may  be  concen- 
trated.    The    Bullwhacker    mine,     a 

former  producer  of  Eureka  district,  is  be- 
ing opened  up  and  developed  by  leasers. 

Eureka,  Oct.  21. 

The  Rocco-Homestake-Nevada  M.  Co., 
at  Hamilton,  has  bought  the  hoisting 
plant,  including  boiler,  engine,  reels,  etc., 
at  the  Seligman  mine,  on  the  west  side  of 
White  Pine  mountain,  and  has  men  dis- 
mantling it  for  hauling  to  the  mine,  where 
it  will  be  put  up-  on  a  vertical  working 
shaft  the  company  has  started  400  feet 
north  of  the  present  incline.  This  new 
shaft  will  be  sunk  to  depth  of  1000  feet. 

Lincoln  County. 

The  mill  of  the  Southern  Nevada  M.  Co. 
at  Searchlight  was  put  in  operation  last 
week  and  is  running  two  shifts.  Superin- 
tendent Day,  of  the  Searchlight  M.  &  M. 
Co.  says  he  will  resume  the  sinking  in  the 

main  shaft. The  Quartette  M.  Co.  has 

its  mill  running  steadily  sixteen  hours  a 
day  and  work  is  being  done  on  the  three 
lower  levels  of  the  mine,  says  The  Search- 
light. 

Storey  County. 

The  small  steam  hoist  is  in  place  at  the 
Forman  shaft,  near  Gold  Hill,  and  work 
on  the  gallows  frame  is  in  progress.  Men 
have  been  put  on  the  500-foot  level  to  re- 
move the  obstruction  at  that  point  that 
prevents  a  free  circulation  of  air  in  the 
Sutro  tunnel  south  lateral  branch.  Re- 
pairing the  shaft  timbering  down  to  the 
tunnel  level  will  follow. 

Washoe  County. 

The  Springfield-Nevada  M.Co.,  at  Oling- 
house,  reports  opening  up  a  foot  of 
$50  ore  in  the  face  of  the  drift  being  ex- 
tended north.  A  sufficient  amount  of  this 
is  being  taken  out  to  keep  one  of  the 
Huntingtons  on  an  eight  hour  per  day 
run.  The  stopes  are  being  square  set  and 
carried  along  with  the  drift.  Over  100 
feet  of  stoping  ground  has  been  opened 
up  in  the  old  tunnel,  showing  an  average 
of  about  3  feet  of  ore,  with  values  $9  per 
ton.  They  are  preparing  to  bring  in  a 
supply  of  water  to  their  50-ton  mill. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

Bernalillo   County. 

The  smelter  of  the  New  Mexico  S.  &  R. 
Co.  is  expected  to  be  in  operation  by  Jan. 
1st.  Additional  machinery  will  be  put  in. 
The  smelter  will  have  capacity  of  150  ton.s 
daily.  The  property  of  the  company  is 
25  miles  north  of  Albuquerque,  N.  M.  A. 
G.  Frank,  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is  president. 
Grant  County. 

Work  on  the  Granite  Gap  mines,  near 
Lordsburg,  is  progressing  under  S.  C. 
Pratt. F.  Wyman  will  reopen  the  Wy- 


man  mine,  which  is  said  to  he  on  the 
same  ledge  as  the  Volcano  and  Bachelor, 
near  Lordsburg. 

The  St.  Louis  Gold  Gulch  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  by  Silver  City  men, 
with  T.  W.  Carter,  H.  E.  Dillon,  M.  W. 
Porterfield,  H.  M.  Powell  and  C.  Gatz- 
weiller  as  directors.  They  have  bought 
two  gold  mining  claims  at'  Gold  Gulch — 
the  Lucky  Bill  and  Dutch  Uncle — which 
have  a  mill  on  them.  These  two  claims 
are  on  either  side  of  the  Owl  claim  and  on 
the  same  lead.  Work  will  be  started  this 
week. 

The  Con.  M.  Co.  has  been  organized  to 
work  a  group  of  gold  mines  at  Gold  Hill, 
with  W.  H.  &  A.  M.  O'Beirne,  P.  Law- 
rence and  J.  Sterling  as  officers,  the  last- 
named  being  manager.  The  main  office 
of  the  company  is  at  Huron,  S.  D.  The 
company  will  work  the  Sterling  mines  at 
Gold  Hill,  which  consist  of  the  North 
Star,  Reliance,  Divide,  Olive,  Gem  and 
Apache.  They  expect  to  put  up  a  5-stamp 
mill  and  will  work  the  ore  by  the  cyanide 
process. 

Superintendent  G.  A.  Easton,  of  the  St. 
Louis  Gold  Gulch  M.  Co.,  at  Gold  Gulch, 
says  they  will  have  a  concentrating  plant 
to  handle  their  low  grade  ores. 

At  Gold  Gulch,  the  Owl  M.  Co.  is  put- 
ting down  three  shafts  on  the  Owl  claim 
and  has  put  in  a  steam  pump  in  one  of 

them. Work  has  been  suspended  tem- 

poi-arily  on  the  Carbonate  claim,  which 
joins  the  Owl,  on  account  of  water  in  the 
shaft,  but  the  company  will  put  in  a  pump, 
after  which  it  will  resume  sinking. 

San  Miguel  County. 

The  concentrator  of  the  Faywood  Lead 
Co.  at  San  Jose  is  in  steady  opera- 
tion and  shipments  are  being  made  to  the 
smelter  at  El  Paso.  Improvements  have 
been  made  to  the  mill  this  month.  A  fan 
was  put  in  last  week  to  clear  the  mill  of 
the  lead  dust. 

Socorro  County. 

G.  A.  Freeman,  manager  of  the  Kat  and 
Kittens  mine,  near  Mogollon,  says  he  is 
arranging  to  build  a  mill  on  the  property. 

OREGON. 

Baker  County. 

Men  have  been  put  on  development 
work  on  the  Golden  Eagle  mine,  near 
Greenhorn. 

Two  more  claims  have  been  added  to 
the  holdings  of  the  Cracker  Summit 
Co.  on  Cracker  creek,  near  Sump- 
ter.  They  lie  north  of  the  group 
and  bring  the  company's  total  up 
to  seventeen  claims.  They  are  well 
timbered,  as  well  as  showing  mineral  bear- 
ing veins.  The  raise  from  the  lower  tun- 
nel is  being  driven  to  open  the  interven- 
ing ore,  while  arrangements  are  being 
made  for  development  work  on  south  end 
of  group. 

E.  S.  Topping,  A.  D.  Whittier  et  al.  of 
Sumpter  have  bought  160  acres  of  Placer 
ground  in  Dead  Mule  Gulch  section,  which 
they  will  develop.  Near  these  placers  they 
found  an  iron-bearing  vein  between  por- 
phyry and  syenite,  and  also  a  2J-foot  seam 
of  coal  between  sandstone. 

Manager  Bellman  of  the  California 
mine,  near  Sumpter,  says  he  is  building  a 
reverberatory  furnace.  The  California 
mill  and  mine  were  closed  down  tempora- 
rily last  week  pending  leveling  up  and  ad- 
justment of  the  aerial  tramway. 

Superintendent  A.  Hillier  of  the  Golden 
Rule  mine,  near  Sumpter,  says  the  mine 
has  been  shut  down  until  spring,  when  de- 
velopment work  will  -be  resumed  on  a 
larger  scale. 

O.  C.  Wright,  president  and  manager 
of  the  Blue  Bird  mine,  near  Sumpter, 
says  he  has  started  construction  of  the 
mill.  It  will  be  a  100-ton  concentration 
plant,  with  rolls. 

Grant    County. 

Manager  McGuigan  of  the  Alamo  mine, 
at  Alamo,  says  he  expects  to  have  his  mill 
machinery  in  position  at  the  plant  next 
week.  With  this  plant  in  operation  will 
make  the  second  10-stamp  mill  in  Alamo 
district,  the   Quebec  being  first. 

W.  Wade,  superintendent  of  the  Sean- 
dia  tunnel,  near  Granite,  says  the  cross- 
cut is  in  2450  feet,  with  800  feet  farther  to 
drive  before  cutting  the  main  lead.  Sev- 
eral small  veins  have  been  cut,  which  will 
be  drifted  on  later.  The  main  ledge  shows 
a  width  of  from  8  to  14  feet  on  the  sur- 
face. The  crosscut  will  give  a  depth  of 
1200  feet. 

Manager  Carson  of  the  Milwaukee 
placers,  near  Granite,  reports  he  will  com- 
plete by  Nov.  15  his  working  test  of  the 
placers  that  has  been  in  progress  through- 
out the  summer.  Piping  into  the  elevator 
has  been  going  steadily  for  several  weeks, 
and  they  have  a  cut  150  feet  in  length,  24 
feet  deep  and  50  feet  wide  at  the  top.  A 
few  feet  of  gravel  was  left  on  the  bedrock, 
which  remains  to  be  run  through  the 
boxes  before  the  bedrock  can  be  cleaned. 
Last  week  they  broke  into  a  bed  of  gravel 
under  a  bank  of  clay,  which  appears  to  be 
the  deposit  from  an  old  channel  of  Granite 


OOTOBKB  24,    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


278 


oreek,  being  20  feet  below  the  present 
level  of  the  creek.  The  holdings  of  the 
Milwaukee  Placer  Co.  take  in  3  miles  of 
Granite  creek  and  comprise  mainly  pat- 
ented ground;  Uso  a  sufficient  amount  oi 
troter  tor  working. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Caster  Count] 
The  Black  Hills  Porcelain  Clay  &  Mar- 
ble Co.  has  resumed  operations  on  its  lith- 
ographic -inn,-  deposits   wesl  of  Custer, 
says  Superintendent  Nasen. 

Lawrence  County. 

There  are  the  following  mills  in  opera- 
tion In  the  Black  Hills  mining  sections, 
treating  ores  bj  cyanide  process: 

Dully 

Plant,  Tonnage. 

Bomestake  No.  i  (tailings)  at  Lead  1,800 

Homestake  No.  2  i  tailings)  at  Lead  BOO 

Honteanoe  Dear  Terry  goo 

leu  Reward,  at  Deauwood  -j;M) 

Penobscot,  i  tardea  Cltj  t60 

ib,  near  Lead. .,  goo 

Deadwood  Standard,  near  Lead  I2S 

Wasp  No.  2,  Lead. .  [go 

i  ■      i  rim  Hill,  Deadwood  loo 

Columbus,  Centra]  City  sti 

,i  aplter,  Deadwood  «,, 

Imperial,  Deadwood  200 

Total  ,,..,         4,111,=, 

The  following  cyanide  plants  are  either 
In  course  of  construction  or  will  be  under 
waj  by  January  1st,  «i,\,  tii,.  Mining 
Record: 

„  ,,  ph"vt-  T iage. 

HollaiK-t'  mil, 

I.uinlber,,'.  Dorr  &  Wtlsou,  Lead  :.=, 

Golden  Crest.  Deadwood  ai 

Columbus,  Central  City...  i  ,i,m 

Hidden  Fortune,  Deadwood . .  ,,  'nuu 

Vlotorla,  Lend  '    3QQ 

l'hniiix ..,^,1 

Urn, ifh  Mint  250 

Addition  to  Deadwood  Standard  125 

i  lakota,  Deadwood  120 

Malm.  Morris  &  Leaob  inn 

I'"1"1  2^880 

The  output  of  the  district  for  the  month 
uf  September  was  the  largest  for  the  year, 
due  to  the  following:  The  Horseshoe  500- 
ton  mill  was  put  in  operation;  the  Penob- 
scot increased  its  output  of  smelting  ore; 
first  cleanup  was  made  from  the  Lexing- 
ton Hill;  the  National  smelter  at  Rapid 
City,  Pennington  county,  was  blown  in; 
capacity  of  the  Spearfish  was  increased  to 
800  tons  a  day;  the  Horseshoe  began  snip- 
ing ore  from  the  Ben  Hur  mine  to  the 
smelter;  the  Imperial  mill  was  started 
after  a  shutdown  of  sixty  days;  the  Clo- 
verleaf  mill  treated  higher  grade  ore  and 
increased  tonnage. 

T.  J.  Steele  of  Deadwood  has  taken 
over  control  of  the  Dakota  M.  &  M.  Co., 
owning  a  group  of  claims  in  Bald  Moun- 
tain district,  and  will  increase  develop- 
ment work.  Their  mill,  which  is  in  Dead- 
wood,  will  be  removed  to  the  mine  and  en- 
larged. Its  present  capacity  is  125  tuns 
daily.  _  The  main  shaft  will  be  sunk  to  the 
quartzite  to  develop  a  supply  of  water,  as 
well  as  for  ore. 

Pennington  County. 

J.  Cochran,  owner  of  the  Cochran  mine 
(the  Alta-Lodi),  near  Rochford,  reports 
development  work  progressing,  and  he  is 
drifting  east  and  west  from  the  bottom  of 
the  shaft,  showing  ore  on  both  sides.  The 
Huntington  mill  at  the  mine  will  be  started 
in  the  spring. 

TEXAS. 

Beaumont  reports  say  estimates  of  the 
amount  of  oil  in  storage  in  the  Beaumont 
(Jefferson  county),  Sour  Lake  (Hardin 
county)  and  Saratoga  (Hardin  county) 
fields  show  13,500,000  barrels  in  these  and 
intervening  sections. 

UTAH. 

Beaver   County. 

The  report  of  the  manager  of  the  Horn 
Silver  mine,  at  Frisco,  shows  for  the  cur- 
rent year  to  Sept.  1  the  management  has 
marketed  2993  tons  of  ore  and  "1500  tons  of 
concentrates,  while  in  September  there 
was  delivered  at  the  smelters  1000  tons  of 
ore,  with  two  lots  of  concentrates.  The 
Horn  Silver  M.  Co.  is  down  to  depth  of 
1650  feet,  and  while  connection  at  that 
depth  has  not  been  made  with  the  main 
ore-bearing  bodies,  it  has  been  found  dur- 
ing the  year  that  there  is  ore  and  profit- 
able work  in  the  stopes  from  the  surface 
down  to  the  700-foot  level.  While  the  sil- 
ver and  lead  ores  continue  to  predominate, 
copper-bearing  rock  has  also  been  taken 
out,  says  Manager  P.  T.  Farnsworth. 
>/uab  County. 

G.  M.  Galsford  has  a  lease  on  the  prop- 
erty of  the  Boston  &  Tin  tie  M.  Co.,  near 
Eureka. 

Salt  Lake  County. 

The  Dewey  mill  in  Bingham  canyon, 
near  Bingham,  has  been  added  to  the 
holdings  of  the  Columbia  M.  Co.  and  re- 
modeled and  enlarged.  It  will  handle  the 
second-class  ores,  says  Manager  Tibbets. 
The  plant  was  originally  designed  to  re- 
duce the  low-grade  argentiferous-lead  ores 
of  the  camp.  At  present  the  Columbia  is 
using  the  Rogers' concentrator,  reducing 
twenty  tons  daily. 


sun, in i.  County. 
The    annual    report   of    President  and 

Manager  C.  I..  I! 1,  of  the  Naildriver  M. 

I  o.,  operating  at  Park  city,  shows  build- 
ings put  up  and  macbinerj  placed,  includ- 
ing a  direol  hoisting  engine,  18x60,  with 
boilers  54x16.  The  shaft  is  down  52 
and  a  Crosscut  run  from  the  shaft  B0  feet 
towards  connection  with  theCreen  tunnel, 
having  60  feet  farther  to  go.  Work  is 
being  don.-  with  machine  drills,  it  i-  pro- 
posed io  continue  sinking  the  shaft  and 
then  crosscut  and  drift  on  tin-  vein.  In 
grading  for  the  shaft  ore  was  found  neat 
t  he  Burface. 

WASHINGTON. 

Ferry  County. 

A  ledge  of  silver-lead  ore  is  reported 
opened  in  the  Byrne  mine,  near  Republic, 
and  t  bey  aredrivinga  crosscul  i  unnel. 

At  the   iconoclast  a  strain  hoist    has   I n 

put  ill  and  they  are  drifting  on  I  he  Min 
from  the  hot 1 1 mi  of  a  winze  below  the  .'IPO- 
fool  level,  showing  copper-silver  ore. 

The  Summit  M.  Co.,  having  more  water 
than  they  can  conveniently  handle  with 
the  whim,  proposes  to  put'  ill  a  gasoline 
hoist.  The  Summit  shaft  is  down  150  feet 
on  the  vein,  following  ore  IS  inches  wide, 
which  runs  $30  per  ton  in  silver,  copper 
and  gold. The  Malachite  mine  has  re- 
sumed. 

Tho  motor  and  air  compressor  are  in 
operation  at  the  Mountain  Lion  mine,  near 
Republic,  furnishing  power  for  the  ma- 
chine drills  which  are  at  work  above  the 
300-foot  level.  Some  timbering  is  being 
done  in  the  stopes,  preparatory  to  break- 
ing into  ore  reserves.  There  are  thirty- 
men  employed. 

Okanogan  County. 

Tho  Nighthawk  M.  &  T.  Co.  has  ten 
men  on  its  mine  north  of  Conconullv.  driv- 
ing a  tunnel,  which  is  1150  feet  'in,  and 
they  have  cut  a  ledge  of  mineralized 
quartz,  making  the  third  ledge  crossed 
in  the  tunnel.  They  are  drifting  on  the 
first  ledge.  Manager  Church  says  a  venti- 
lating plant  is  being  put  in. The  Six 

Eagles  M.  Co.  has  men  at  work  on  its  tun- 
nel, in  1500  feet.  They  have  100  feet  more 
to  run  to  strike  the  main  ledge.  The  same 
company  also  has  men  at  work  on  its  elec- 
tric light  plant  at  the  Similkameen  river 

falls. The  Ruby  M.  Co.  is  getting  out 

high  grade  ore  for  shipment.  They  will 
start  another  tunnel  300  feet  farther  down 
the  mountain,  and  will  have  to  drive  700 
feet  to  cut  the  ledge.  Arrangements  are 
being  made  to  start  the  Golden  Zone  mill 
on  Ruby  ore. 

The  sawmill  at  the  Mineral  Hill  mine, 
near  Conconully,  is  cutting  lumber  to  re- 
place the  building  destroyed  by  fire.  Su- 
perintendent Wheeler  says  he  is  arranging 
to  put  in  an  air  compressor  plant,  machine 

drills   and    other   mining    machinery. 

The   Prize   M.   Co.,   near  Nighthawk,   is 

building  a  mill. The  Favorite  M.  Co. 

has  men  at  work  running  a  tunnel  on  one 

of  the  ledges. The  Pinnacle  gold  mine 

will  put  on  more  men  at  the  mine,  at  the 
mill  and  hauling  ore,  says  Manager  Met- 
calfe. They  intend  to  run  a  large  dump 
on  Bunker  Hill  mine  through  the  Black 
Bear  mill. 

Whatcom  County. 

The  Mount  Baker  &  Shuksan  M.  Co. 
will  put  in  reduction  machinery  on  its 
property  near  Shuksan,  near  Mt'.  Baker. 
A  millsite  has  been  cleared.  The  ores  are 
said  to  carry  values  in  gold,  silver  and 
copper.  G.  T.  Bacon,  part  owner  in  the 
Mount  Baker  &  Shuksan  M.  Co.,  says  300 
feet  of  tunneling  has  been  driven  and  150 
feet  of  shaft  sunk.  The  mine  is  3J  miles 
from  Shuksan  by  pony 'trail  route.  "There 
are  two  ledges  and  assays  show  $15  per 
ton. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 


U.  S.  Consul-General  W.  R.  Bigham  at 
Cajie  Town  says  the  reports  of  the  col- 
lectors of  customs  at  Durban  shows,  dur- 
ing the  year  1902,  imports  from  the  United 
States  into  Natal  included  the  following: 
Electrical  machinery  valued  at  $119,2(18.18; 
mining  machinery,  $48,1(18.62:  engine 
packing,  $4,642.04;  electrical  fittings,  $47,- 
273.18. 

Transvaal. 

A  meeting  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Labor  Importation  Association  was  held 
recently  at  Maraisburg  and  was  attended 
by  miners  from  the  Consolidated  Main 
Reef  mines,  the  Aurora  West  United  Gold 
M.  Co.  and  the  New  Unified  Main  Reef. 
The  meeting  adopted  a  resolution  in  favor 
of  the  importation  of  Chinese  labor. 
Another  public  meeting-  held  at  Stander- 
ton  passed  a  like  resolution  favoring  the 
importation  of  unskilled  Asiatic  labor. 

BELGIUM. 

The  production  of  coal  in  Belgium  is  one 
of  its  principal  resources,  reports  U.  S. 
Consul   McNally   at   Liege.      Coal  is  im- 


ported into  Belgium  for  various  purposes, 
including  that  of  coke  making.  Belgium 
exports  some  coal  to  Germany,  bu1  the 
principal  country  of  export  i^  Prance.  The 
importation  of  briquettes  a  eompi 
of  coal  dust,  fireclay  ami  tar  amounted 
to  44.1HMI  tons  in  1902,  >>f  w  iii«'ii  39,000  tone 
cam-'  From  Germany.  The  provinces  "f 
Liege  and  Bainaut  oover  the  richest  coal 
region  of  Belgium,  Up  to  the  present 
Belgium's  developed  coal  Gelds  have  been 
in  a  tract  of  land  contiguous  io  the  valley 
of  the  Sanxbre  and  Meuse  rivers,  and  inn- 
ing strike  nf  west-sou thwesl  to  east- 
northeast,  tin-  ii.-lil>  being  widesl  in  the 
(vest.  Recent  investigations  have  shown 
another  promising  coal  field  in  the  north 
(the ('am pines),  which  is  being  prospected. 
The  production  of  coke  in  Belgium  in 
\W2  amounted  to  1,848,000  tons.  The  gas 
produced  is  used  for  heating  the  coke 
ovens.  One  and  three-tenths  tons  of  coal 
are  required  to  produce  a  ton  of  coke. 
The  Copee  ovens  are  principally  used.  The 
by-products  are  sold,  as  sulphates  of  am- 
monia, for  agricultural  purposes.  The 
tar  is  sold  to  refining  works.  The  cost  of 
mining  a  ton  of  coal  is  between  $1.93  and 
$2.51,  according  to  location  of  the  mines. 
Charges  f.  o.  b.  boat  are  58  rents.  The 
mines  are  drift  and  shaft.  The  shafts  are 
from  1312  to  itiCtT  feet  in  depth,  while  the 
drifts  extend  up  to  1.8  mile.  The  Govern- 
ment receives  3J%  of  the  gross  profits. 

The  mines  are  owned  and1  operated  by 
companies  or  individuals  under  special 
legislation.  According  to  the  law  of  1810 
— still  in  force— grants  are  made  by  the 
Government  in  perpetuity.  By  the  grant 
the  owner  obtains  a  title  to  the  mine  dis- 
tinct  from  the  surface  and  which  can  be 
mortgaged  separately  from  the  surface. 
The  operation  of  the  mines  is  under  Gov- 
ernment supervision,  whose  powers  are 
delegated  to  a  board,  the  members  uf 
which  are  selected  by  the  State.  The 
liability  for  damage  to  the  surface  or  the 
appurtenances  thereon  attach  to  the 
owner  of  the  mine.  Mine  owners  are  com- 
pelled not  only  to  pay  certain  fixed 
revenues  to  the  Government,  but  also  to 
the  owners  of  the  surface,  which  latter 
sum  is  fixed  by  the  State  in  its  deed  of 
concession  and  cannot  be  less  than  5  cents 
per  2.471  acres,  together  with  $%  of  the 
net  output.  The  mines  are  not  subject  to 
a  lax,  as  are  commercial  enterprises,  and 
pay  no  license,  but  must  pay  annually  the 
sum  of  $1.93  per  0.38ti  square  mile,  to- 
gether with  an  amount,  fixed  annually  by 
the  Government,  not  to  exceed  5%'  of  the 
production.  The  budget  laws,  however, 
invariably  fix  the  amount  at  2.5%. 

There  are  in  Belgium  134,000  miners,  of 
whom  98,800  work  underground  and  35,200 
on  surface.  The  average  wages  of  miners 
are  $273  per  year.  Compared  with  other 
industries,  wages  of  coal  miners  are  rela- 
tively high.  Under  recent  legislation 
women  are  forbidden  to  work  in  the 
mines,  but  are  still  employed  on  the  sur- 
face, leveling  coal,  etc.  Their  employ- 
ment in  and  about  coal  mines,  however,  is 
being  gradually  done  away  with. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

Boundary  District. 

It  is  reported  negotiations  are  under 
way  for  consolidation  of  the  British  Co- 
lumbia C.  Co.,  owning  the  Mother  Lode 
mine  and  Greenwood  smelter,  and  the 
Snowshoe  C.  Co.,  near  Greenwood.  The 
British  Columbia  company  is  arranging 
for  enlargements.  A  2-stand  converter 
plant  will  be  put  in,  and  excavations  of 
the  site  are  under  way.  The  blowing  en- 
gine for  the  converter  plant  is  arranged 
so  that  it  can  be  operated  either  by  steam 
or  electricity.  The  steam  cylinders  are 
18x42  inches  and  air  40x42  inches,  and  will 
be  connected  with  the  motor  by  rope 
drive.  In  the  converter  power  house  will 
also  be  located  the  hydraulic  accumulator, 
with  electrically  driven  hydraulic  pump, 
to  furnish  water  to  operate  the  convert- 
ers. In  the  converter  building  there  will 
also  be  a  72-inch  silica  mill,  for  preparing 
converter  linings,  and  on  the  north  side  of 
the  building  will  be  put  up  bins  for  silica 
and  clay,  together  with  crushing  machin- 
ery. The  buildings  are  of  steel,  on  ma- 
sonry foundations.  A  contract  has  been 
made  between  the  British  Columbia  C. 
Co.  and  the  Cascade  Water,  Power  & 
Light  Co.  for  electrical  power  from  the 
hitter's  plant  at  Cascade.  The  Cascade 
Co.  is  building  a  transformer  station  on 
the  smelter  site  to  reduce .  the  voltage 
from  20,000  to  2000.  The  motors  for  op- 
erating the  smelter  plant  will  be  as  fol- 
lows: Three  100  H.  P.  motors  for  furnace 
blowers  and  sample  mill;  one  300  H.  P. 
for  converter  blowing  engine;  one  15  H.  P. 
for  elevators;  one  25  H.  P.  for  hydraulic 
pump,  and  one  40  H.  P.  for  driving  relin- 
ing  machinery;  also,  one  5  H.  P.  for  sam- 
ple grinder,  and  in  addition  to  these  will 
be  a  75  K.  W.  motor  generator  set  to  con- 
vert the  alternating  current  into  direct 
current  to  operate  the  crane.  The  con- 
verter plant  will  have  capacity  for  treat- 
ing the  matte  from  2000  tons  of  ore  per 


day.    The  locomotive  for  carrying  away 

ill,'  molten  .-lag  is  running.  Until  the 
slag  dump  is  leveled  up  to  meet  the  re- 
nt- cf  the  track,  the  slug  from 
one  Furnace  will  l>c  granulated  as  at  pres- 
''iit,  bul  eventually  all  the  slag  will  he 
handled  by  the  railway. 

East  Knotrimy  District. 

(in  Hull  river,  near  Port  Steele,  work  is 
under  way  on  t  In-  ditch  being  built  by  the 

Gold  River  M.  &  1'.  Co. .1.  Larsen  lias 

men    at    work    mi    the   Tiger-Poorman 

group. 

riir  Kimhi  l. uk.'  i  iii  (',,.  ,,f  Port  Steele 
will  resume  drilling  operations  on  its  well. 

The  Sullivan  M,  t  !o,  of  Spokane,  Wash., 
nulling  a  group  near  Marysville,  is  being 
reorganized,  ami  they  will  complete  the 
smelter  which  was  started  last   year,   says 

B.   Dayton,   of   Spokane,    vice-president. 
The  company   has   four  mon   working  on 
the  dump  and  shipping  the  ore. 
Nelson  District. 

'I'll,'    I'oornian-Granite    mine,    5    miles 
west  of  Nelson,  Is  again  closed  down,  tins 
being  the  fourth  suspension  of  operations 
in  the  past  year,  says  the  Nelson  News. 
Vancouver  Island. 

.1.  G.  Davis,  foreman  at  Emery's  New- 
castle island  sandstone  and  granite  quar- 
ries, has  begun  clearing  away  preparatory 
to  resuming  shipments.  He  says  blocks  of 
stone  weighing  up  to  fifteen  and  twenty 
tons  will  be  taken  out  and  shipped  south*. 

CANADA. 

The  principal  portion  of  the  world's 
supply  of  asbestos  is  furnished  by  Canada, 
where  the  production  has  increased  to 
411.420  tons  foi- the  year  1902.  During  same 
year  the  United  States  produced  1010  tons 
and  Italy  and  Russia  2000  tons.  The 
brittle  hornblende  asbestos  is  chiefly  used 
where  resistance  to  heat  and  acids' is  de- 
manded, but  for  spinning  only  the  highly 
flexible  fibers  of  serpentine  or  chrysotile 
asbestos  are  suitable,  says  F.  Cirkel  in  the 
American  Manufacturer.  The  principal 
Canadian  deposits  are  at  Thetford  and 
Black  Lake,  between  Sherbrook  and  Que- 
bec, where  serpentine  is  associated  with 
Cambrian  schist,  conglomerate  and 
quartzitic  sandstone.  It  contains  nodules 
and  masses  of  steatite  and  chrome  iron- 
stone, and  also,  though  not  invariably, 
veins  of  asbestos  from  5  to  80  milimeters 
thick  and  up  to  20  meters  long.  Mining 
is  carried  on  in  open  workings.  The  bet- 
ter grades  of  asbestos  are  sorted  by  hand, 
and  are  divided  into:  Crude  1,  with  fibers 
over  30  mm.  long:  and  crude  2,  with  fibers, 
6  to  30  mm.  long.  In  mechanical  process 
of  preparation  the  fibers  are  frequently 
disintegrated.  The  product  is  separated 
into  two  classes — fiber  and  paper  stocks. 
The  cost  of  production  amounts  to  $131' 
per  ton  for  crude  and  $17  for  mechanically 
prepared.  The  selling  price  is  $20  to  $28 
for  paper  stock,  $30  to  $60  for  fiber,  $100 
to  $128  for  crude  2,  and  $180  to  $200  per 
ton  for  crude  1.  There  are  twelve  com- 
panies engaged  in  production  of  asbestos, 
employing  3000  men. 

Alberta. 

The  International  Coal  Co.,  west  of 
Blairmore,  reports  developing  two  seams, 
respectively  6J  and  5  feet  wide,  of  coking 
coal,  producing  coke  similar  to  that  of 
Fernie.  The  International  Co.  is  getting 
out  fifty  tons  a  day,  and  the  Canadian  Pa- 
cific Railway  has  placed  a  standing  order 
for  1000  tons  daily.  The  coke  ovens  are 
being  built  close  to  the  mines  and  are  con- 
nected with  the  Canadian  Pacific  by  a 
short  spur.  At  Blairmore  Proctor  &  Fish- 
burn  are  putting  a  spur  from  their  eoal 
mines  to  the  railway  and  the  Byron  Creek 
property  is  being  opened  up. 

MEXICO. 

The  following  shows  the  number  and 
the  location  of  metallurgical  establish- 
ments in  Mexico  in  operation,  says  the 
Mexican  Investor: 

Oouhuilii 1 

Chihuahua 5 

DuranKO 3 

Guanajuato 3 

Guerrero 2 

Hidalgo 2 

Jalisco 2 

Mexico 3 

Michoacan I 

Oaxaca , .   1 

Puebla 1 

San  Luis  Potosi 2 

Sinaioa 2 

Sonora n 

Tepic 1 

Zacatecas 3 


Total  Sixteen  States 36 

The  systems  of  reduction  employed  in 
these  establishments  are  the  following: 
Fundicion  (smelters),  12;  toneles  (barrel 
chlorination),  1;  patio,  7:  panes  (amalga- 
mating pans),  3;  placas,  3;  lixiviation,  6; 
cyanide,  3;  destilacion,  I.  The  twelve 
smelters  are  in  the  following  States: 
Coahuila,  1;  Durango,  2;  Guerrero,  2;  Hi- 
dalgo, 1;  Mexico,  3;  Puebla,  1;  San  Luis 
Potosi,  1;  Sonora,  1.  The  toneles  system 
is  employed  in  Hidalgo.     The  old  Mexican 


279 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


patio  system  exists  still  in  Guanajuato,  3; 
Jalisco,  2;  Oaxaca,  1;  Sonora,  1.  The 
three  pan  establishments  are  in  Guana- 
juato. The  placas  system  is  used  in  Chi- 
huahua, 1;  Oaxaca,  1;  Sinaloa,  1;  lixivia- 
tion,  in  Sinaloa,  1;  Sonora,  2;  Tepic,  1; 
Zacatecas,  2;  cyanide  establishments,  in 
Chihuahua,  1;  San  Luis  Potosi,  1;  Sonora, 
1;  destilacion  process  in  San  Luis   Potosi. 

Cliiliualiua. 

Manager  G.  W.  Boyce  has  started  work 
on  the  Senorita  mine  at  Victorino.  Cy- 
anide tests  will  be  made.  The  vein  is  100 
feet  wide  and  carries  0.32  ounce  gold  per 
tori,  with  a  little  silver. 

P.  McDonald,  J.  D.  McKenzie  and  D. 
Minnahan  are  working  a  copper  property 

near  Aldama. P.  McDonald  is  working 

the  San  Rafael  and  Colon  properties  at 
Terrazas;  also  the  Santa  Elicia  at  Vic- 
torino, 6  miles  distant. 

T.  Williams,  B.  F.  Maurer,  D.  Bauch- 
ert,  J.  B.  Johnstone  and  C.  West,  near 
Minillas,  have  resumed  work  on  their  La 
Cruz  mine. 

The  Las  Vigas  mine  near  Coyame  is 
shipping  copper  ore. 

Urique  reports  say  at  the  Lluvia  de  Oro 
mine  preparations  are  being  made  to  put 
up  a  20-stamp  mill. 

Durango. 

A  company  has  been  formed  at  Mon- 
terey, Nuevo  Leon,  to  exploit  the  Guana- 
cevi  district  of  Durango.  M.  de  la  Garza 
Campos^owner  of  the  San  Ramon  mine, 
is  president.  The  San  Ramon  mine  is 
near  Guanacevi,  and  carries  gold  and 
silver. 

W.  Pettit,  of  Parral,  owner  of  the  Adela 
mine,  near  Santa  Barbara,  has  bought 
the  W.  S.  Benton  group  of  fourteen  min- 
ing properties,  near  Inde,  for  $120,000 
Mexican.  The  ores  of  Inde  carry  silver 
and  lead -with  some  gold.  Lack  of  trans- 
portation  facilities  has  hindered  develop- 
ment of  the  district,  as  they  have  to  haul 
ore  60  miles  to  Rosario.  The  National  is 
making  preliminary  survey  from  Discu- 
bridora  to  Inde,  a  distance  of  80  miles. 
Prom  La  Cruz  mine  Avila  &  Benton 
ship  200  tons  per  month,  that  runs  100 
ounces  silver,  10%  lead  and  0.3  ounce 
gold.  The  Potrillo  mine  of  V.  Mortos, 
adjoining  the  Pettit  properties,  is  ship- 
ping 200  tons  of  $125  ore,  monthly.  R. 
Towne,  of  the  San  Luis  Potosi  smelter, 
has  perfected  title  to  135  pertenencias. 

Guanajuato. 

El  Cubo  M.  Co.  has  put  in  an  electric 
plant  for  a  20-stamp  mill,  concentrators 
and  twenty  drills,  and  will  obtain  power 
from  the  Guanajuato  Power  Co. 

Mexico. 

The  annual  report  of  the  El  Oro  Mining 
&  Railway  Co.,  operating  at  El  Oro, 
shows  work  was  carried  on  in  all 
levels  from  the  San  Juan  to  the  786- 
foot  level — most  of  the  ore  coming  from 
the  hanging  wall  ore  body  above  the  286- 
foot  and  388-foot  levels.  The  vein  runs 
22  to  33  feet  wide.  On  the  786-foot  level 
drifts  have  been  run  north  and  south 
from  the  main  crosscut.  On  the  486-foot 
level  a  crosscut  is  being  run  east  from 
north  shaft  to  cut  the  Descubridora  vein. 
On  the  Somera,  a  13-foot   vein   has  been 

opened  up. There  was   mined   during 

the  year  a  total  of  114,436  tons  of  ore. 
The  reserves  of  ore  in  mine  and  dump 
assay  average  of  $11.75  in  gold  and  3 
ounces  silver.  The  100-stamp  mill  crushed 
110,958  tons  of  ore,  16%  of  the  values  be- 
ing recovered  by  plate  amalgamation. 
The  mill  tailings  were  cyanided,  giving  a 
total  bullion  recovery  of  $1,522,951,  or 
82.7%  of  assay  value  of  the  ore.  The  total 
tons  milled  was  110,958.  Working  costs 
for  year  were  as  follows: 

Total.    Per  Ton 

Minim; $161,570         SI. 46 

Development  88,780  0.80 

Millim; 83,861  0.76 

Cvaniding 119,868  1.08 

General  expenses 96,970  0.87 

Total  working  costs $551,049         $4.97 

Construction  expenses 55,867 

The  figures  are  in  Mexican  dollars.  The 
total  costs  show  an  increase  over  the  pre- 
vious year,  due  to  increased  construction 
and  heavier  cyaniding,  milling  and  devel- 
opment costs. Construction  has  begun 

on  an  addition  of  100  stamps  to  the  present 
milling  capacity.  During  the  year,  in 
conjunction  with  the  Exploration  Co.,  se- 
cured an  interest  in  a  working  option  on 
the  extension  of  the  San  Rafael  vein. 

Superintendent    J.    Devereaux    reports 
developments  progressing  on  the  Descu- 
bridora mine,  near  El  Oro.     The  3-com- 
partment  shaft  is  being  sunk. 
Sonora. 

B.  F.  Graham  of  Bishee,  Ariz.,  principal 
owner  of  the  Lucky  Tiger  mine,  near 
Douglas,  says  development  work  and  ore 
shipments  will  be  increased.  About  3500 
feet  of  tunnels  have  been  driven  under  the 
present  management.  The  wagon  road 
has  been  completed  from  the  railway  sta- 
tion to  the  mine,  doing  away  with  the 
burro  train. 


I        PERSONAL.        I 

g£  tp  £p  £p  £p  <f>  Ifc  <p  $,  1$,  £f<  £p  £f,  <fi  £fi  ffi  <fi  Cfl  ff>  <p  tt,  <£  ff,  <fl  4b  <g>  {jt 

J.  P.  Smith  is  superintendent  of  the 
Phoenix  mine,  Liscum,  Ariz. 

Geo.  W.  Shelton  has  returned  to 
Alma,  Colo.,  from  Denver,  Colo. 

P.  W.  Williams,  of  Seattle,  Wash.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. ,  on  mining  business. 

W.  E.  Sharon,  a  mine  superintendent 
of  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

C.  I.  Rader  has  resigned  as  manager 
of  the  Annie  Laurie  mine,  near  Kimberly, 
Utah. 

H.  M.  Pease,  of  Stent,  Tuolumne  Co., 
Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining 
business. 

H.  E.  Carey  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
is  in  New  York  in  interest  of  his  Mexican 
gold  mines. 

W.  L.  Watts,  E.  M.,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  on  mining  business  from  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

S.  P.  Sullenbehger,  of  Globe,  Ariz., 
interested  in  Arizona  mines,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

J.  P.  Hennessy,  interested  in  Tono- 
pah,  Nev.,  mines,  is  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  from  Tonopah. 

J.  R.  Serrano  has  been  appointed  min- 
ing agent  at  Guerrero,  Mexico,  for  the 
Department  of  Fomento. 

C.  W.  Raymond  has  returned  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  from  an  examination  of 
mine  property  in  Oregon. 

H.  B.  Vercoe,  managing  director  of  the 
Fresno  C.  Co.,  Ltd.,  has  returned  to  Clovis, 
Cal.,  from  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

G.  Cooper  is  superintendent  of  the 
Crackerjack  M.  Co.,  at  Buffalo  Hump, 
Idaho,  vice  C.  Flint,  resigned. 

R.  A.  Poster,  metallurgist,  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  has  returned  from  Eu- 
reka, Nev.,  on  mining  business. 

C.  C.  Jones  of  the  Mountain  C.  Co., 
Ltd.,  at  Keswick,  Shasta  county,  Cal.,  is 
visiting  Utah  mines  and  plants. 

G.  A.  Freeman,  manager  of  the  Kat 
and  Kittens  mine,  Mogollon,  Socorro 
county,  N.  M.,  is  in  the  East  on  business. 

A.  E.  Hyde  Jr.  is  manager  of  the  An- 
nie Laurie  mine,  near  Kimberly,  Piute 
county,  Utah,  vice  C.  I.  Rader,  resigned. 

G.  W.  Campbell,  manager  of  the 
Black  Oak  mines,  Tuolumne  Co.,  Cal.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  Soulsbyville, 
Cal. 

J.  R.  Cooper  has  resigned  as  smelter 
superintendent  of  the  Quincy  M.  Co.,  at 
Hancock,  Mich.,  to  take  effect  Novem- 
ber 1. 

L.  Greene,  manager  of  the  Clayton  M. 
&  S.  Co.,  whose  mines  and  furnaces  are  at 
Clayton,  Idaho,  is  in  camp  from  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah. 

E.  E.  Payson  is  superintending  con- 
struction of  a  100-stamp  mill  for  the  Yale- 
Brown  M.  Co.  at  Red  Mountain,  Ouray 
county,  Colo. 

W.  Techow  has  resigned  as  superin- 
tendent of  the  North  Pole  mill,  near 
Sumpter,  Or.,  and  entered  business  in 
Portland,  Or. 

O.  Wiser,  formerly  master  mechanic, 
is  mill  superintendent  of  the  Annie  Laurie 
mine,  near  Kimberly,  Utah,  vice  H.  Cal- 
vin, resigned. 

H.  G.  Vercoe,  superintendent  of  the 
Fresno  copper  mine,  Clovis,  Cal.,  has  re- 
turned from  the  Green  Mountain  mine, 
Mariposa  county,  Cal. 

R.  L.  Benton,  of  Bisbee,  Ariz.,  has  re- 
signed as  manager  of  Lucky  Tiger  mine 
in  Sonora,  Mex.,  and  the  Bisbee  Queen 
mine  near  Bisbee,  Ariz. 

C.  A.  Melson,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
representative  of  the  London  Exploration 
Co.,  returned  there  last  week  from  its 
mines  in  South  America. 

T.  S.  Lewis,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  treas- 
urer of  the  Cieneguita  C.  Co.  of  Phoenix, 
Ariz.,  has  gone  to  Denver,  Colo.,  and  New 
York  On  company  business. 

Ernest  A.  Haggott,  manager  Ari- 
zona Blue  Bell  C.  Co.,  Mayer,  Ariz.,  has 
returned  from  a  professional  trip  to  Sil- 
verton,  Colo.,  mining  district. 

D.  R.  Oliver,  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Zubiate  M.  Co.,  has  re- 
turned to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  from  a  trip 
to  their  mines  in  Sonora,  Mexico. 

S.  E.  Bowerman,  vice-president  of  the 
Brant  M.  &  M.  Co.,  has  returned  to  Kan- 
sas City,  Mo.,  from  a  trip  to  the  company's 
properties  at  Thunder  Mt.,  Idaho. 


T.  H.  Tracy,  general  superintendent  of 
the  North  American  C.  Co.,  Encampment, 
Wyo.,  has  returned  from  attending  a 
meeting  of  the  stockholders  of  the  com- 
pany in  Denver,  Colo. 

W.  P.  Smith,  assistant  superintendent 
of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  smelter,  at  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.,  will  be  smelter  superintendent 
of  the  Quincy  M.  Co.,  at  Hancock,  Mich., 
vice  J.  R.  Cooper,  resigned,  to  take  effect 
November  1. 

#***&->*>**,&  tb^^^*^,^.^  ,$,4,  .j,  ,$,  ,3,35 
*  «■ 

|  Obituary.  J 


Thomas  Davey,  till  recently  a  mining 
superintendent  at  De  Lamar,  Idaho,  died 
at  Boise  City,  Idaho,  on  the  8th  inst.  De- 
ceased went  to  De  Lamar  from  Granite, 
Mont.,  in  1894.  He  is  survived  by  a  widow 
and  two  daughters. 

John  Hillary,  a  pioneer  miner  of 
Calaveras  county,  Cal.,  died  in  Alameda, 
Cal.,  October  2.  Deceased  went  to  Cala- 
veras county  in  1852,  and  was  an  owner  in 
and  locator  of  the  Lone  Star  and  Reed  & 
Hillary  mines,  near  West  Point,  from  1863 
till  1887. 

James  Beck,  who  discovered  the  Alex- 
andria coal  fields  on  Vancouver  Island, 
B.  O,  died  at  his  home  near  South  Well- 
ington, on  the  12th  inst.  Beck  was  a  part- 
ner of  the  la+e  Robert  Dunsmuir  in  pros- 
pecting days,  and  sold  the  Alexandria  to 
Dunsmuir  for  $20,000.  Deceased  went  to 
British  Columbia  in  the  days  of  the  rush 
to  Cariboo,  going  from  Ontario,  Canada, 
to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  via  Panama,  and 
thence  going  north. 


8  *  *  *  *  tfc  'iff  *  &  rfc  *(j  &  «$>  &  -fc  ffc  ffc  p*j  tjj  *J>  rjf  r>  $,  $,  $,  tfc  ?• 

I    Catalogues  Received.     f 


Catalogue  No.  9,  from  Harron,  Rickard 
&  McCone,  21-23  Fremont  street,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  is  devoted  entirely  to 
wood  working  machinery.  The  130  pages 
of  finely  printed  matter  give  illustrated 
description  of  many  machines  in  general 
use,  and  a  variety  of  wood  working  de- 
vices that  the  firm  carry  in  stock  for  im- 
mediate delivery.  The  contents  are 
admirably  arranged  and  the  work  is  an 
addition  to  trade  literature. 


8P  'b'b'k'to'lk'to'toTb'b'i/'to&'&'ji'&'torb'to'lj'ij'btbtb'b'to* 
*  * 

| Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*.  I 


The  Austin  Manufacturing  Co.  of  Chi- 
cago has  sold  to  King  &  Craig  of  Cripple 
Creek,  Colo.,  a  gyratory  crushing  plant. 

H.  K.  Olsen  has  within  the  last  few 
days  entered  into  copartnership  with  A. 
J.  Van  Drake,  308  Mission  street,  San 
Francisco.  Cal.  The  name  of  the  firm  is 
now  Van  Drake-Olsen  Machine  Works. 
Mr.  Van  Drake  has  gone  East  on  business 
for  the  firm. 


Latest  flarket  Reports. 

San  Francisco,  October  23,  1903. 


METALS. 


Silver.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London,  28f5ad 
(standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New  York,  bar 
silver,  61Jc,  refined  (1000  fine):  San  Fran- 
cisco, 61}c;  Mexican  dollars,  49@51c  San 
Francisco,  46Jc  New  York. 

Silver  has  taken  another  upward  move- 
ment since  last  week,  reaching  61|  during 
the  week,  but  receding  to  61},  the  present 
quotation.  The  announcement  that  the 
Government  would  discontinue  coinage 
for  the  Philippines  has  not  affected  the 
market  as  yet. 

Copper. — New  York:  Standard,$13.12J; 
Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  S13.12J;  Electrolytic,  1 
to  3  casks,  $13.00;  Casting,  1  to  3  casks, 
$12.75;  San  Francisco:  $15.00.  Mill  cop- 
per plates,  $17.00;  bars,  18@24c.  London: 
£54  10s  spot  per  ton. 

Copper  remains  weak  and  the  market 
is  somewhat  lower,  the  price  of  Standard, 
Lake  and  Electrolytic  having  receded  to 
13  cents.  Still  authorities  on  the  copper 
market  predict  a  rally  and  say  that  there 
are  no  large  accumulated  stocks  on  hand 
and  the  consumers  are  running  short  of 
supplies.  Buyers  are  holding  off  for 
lower  prices  and  producers  and  dealers 
are  not  offering  any  inducement  to  buy- 
ers, in  view  of  which  the  market  is  weak, 
with  a  lowering  tendency. 

Lead. —  New  York,  $4.50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco, $4.50,  carload  lots;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
Ins.;  pipe  6 j,  sheet  7,  bar  53c;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  Is  3d  i  long  ton. 

Spelter.— New  York,  $6.12|;  St.  Louis, 
$5.10;  London,  £20  10s  fi  ton;"  San  Fran- 
cisco, ton  lots,  6ifc;  100-fD.  lots,  7c. 


Tin.— New  York,  pig,  $25.70  @  26.10; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  27Jc;  500  lbs.,  28c; 
200  lbs.,  28c;  less,  28Jc;  bar  tin,  f|  ft.,  30® 
32c.     London,  £116. 

Platinum.  —  San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  floz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  f) 
Troy  oz.  Platinum ,  ware,  75  @  80c  % 
gram. 

Quicksilver.  —  New  York,  $46.00® 
47.00,  large  lots;  London,  £8  7s  6d;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $43@44fS  flask  of  76 J  B>s.; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $42.50@43.0O. 

Babbitt  Metal. — San  Francisco,  No. 
1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  6Jc;  extra,  17Je; 
genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37Jc. 

Solder.  —  Half-and-half,  100-ft.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-ft. 
lots,  15.50c. 

Zinc. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  fi  ft., 
50c;  dust,  B  »•,  10c;  sulphate,  $  ft.,  .04c. 

Nickel.— New  York,  50@60c  f|  ft.;  ton 
lots,  40@47c. 

Aluminum.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30@34c. 

Antimony.  —  New  York,  Cookson's, 
7Jc;  Hallett's,  6|c;  San  Francisco,  1000-ft. 
lots,  8c;  300@500-fts.,  8Jc;  100-ft.  lots,  lOJc. 

STRUCTURAL    MATERIALS. 

Iron. — Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $16.35 
@17.10;  gray  forge,  $14.65;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  1  ft..  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

Steel.  —  Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30.00;    San    Francisco,   bar,    7c  to  12c 

CHICAGO   CURRENT   QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $17  50@18  50 

Foundry  Northern  1 17  50@17  75 

Northern  2 17  00@17  25 

Northern  3 16  50@16  75 

Southern  1 16  35® 

Southern  2 15  85® 

Southern  3 15  35® 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 20  50®21  00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00@29  00 

Bars,  iron 1  55® ■ 

Bars,  steel 1  75®  1  80 

Rails,  standard 28  00@30  00 

Rails,  light 34  00@40  00 

Plates,  boiler 1  90®  2  00 

Tank 1  " 

Sheets,  26  store 2 

No.  27 2 

No.  28 3 


Angles 

Beams 

Tees 

Zees 

Channels 

Steel  melting  scrap 14  00@15  00 

Relaying  rails 26  00@28  00 

Dealers  forge 12  50@13  50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14  50@15  00 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 13  50@14  50 

Iron  rails 18  00@19  00 

Car  wheels 19  00@20  00 

Cast  borings 5  50®  6  50 

Turnings 10  50@11  50 

Lumber.  —  (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.50 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $15.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
@35.00. 

Nails. — Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.50;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

Lime.— Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  f,  bbl. 

Cement.— Imported,  $2.50@2. 75  f, bbl.; 
California  carload  lots,  $2.25  f.  o.  b.  at 
works;  small  lots,  $2.50  1  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

general  supplies. 

Oils. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  49c;  cs., 
54c;  raw,  bbl.,  47c;  cs.,  52c;  Lucol  oil 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs.,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cs.,  47c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  21Jc; 
Astral,  214c;  Star,  21J_c;  Extra  Star,  25lc; 
Eocene,  24Jc;  Elaine,  27Jc;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  15c;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
18Jc;  wooden  bbls.,  21c;  cs.,  24c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs.,  26 Jo.;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27Jjc;  63°  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  in  cs.,  19Jc;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  85c;  cs.,  90c;  Neats-foot  Oil,  pure, 
bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude,  50@60c; 
Natural  White,  70c;  Bleached,  do.,  75c; 
Whale  Oil,  cs.,  50(a)55c. 

Powder. — F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No. 
1,  70V  nitro-glycerine,  per  ft.,  in  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17}c.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  134c;  less  than  one  ton, 
15Jc.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13fc.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c:  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  less  than  one  ton, 
lljc.  No.  2**  30%"  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.    Black  blasting  powder 


October  24,   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


280 


in  carload  lots,  minimum  cur  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots  12.00  per  keg. 

Caps.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000:  4x,  J6.S0;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  leas  than  1000. 

Fuse.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet: 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.li5; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.(15,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

Candles.— Granite  Gs.  IS  u/..,  40s.,  lie 
#  set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

Coal.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00:  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50:  Southfleld,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  nil..  $11. on; 
Scotch,  18.00;  Cumberland,  $13.00;  Cannel, 
$8.50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.50,  long  ton;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13.00  in  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

CHEMICALS.  — Cvaniilo  tit  potassium, 
!>K"„  !>•!"„,  Jul, hint'.  23oi24.-r"  It'.:  carloads, 
23  i.23Ac;  in  tins.  30c:  so.hi  ash,  $2.00  r*  I"11 
lt>*.:  hyposulphite  of  soila,  3(5  3',,-  pro  lb", : 
caustic  soda,  in  drums.  3(«3.|c  r'  th.;Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $l.20(fi  l.lo  r*  100  lbs.;  aba., 
11.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12i«  13c:  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c 
in  40-lh.  tins:  roll  sulphur.  2.h'i  2r|c:  pow- 
dered sulphur,  2@3o;  Hour  sulphur, 
French,  3J@31c;  alum,  $2.00f7i  2.25;  Cali- 
fornia refined,  lij(a2c;  sulphide  of  iron,  Sc 
f*  II'.;  copper  sulphate.  5 .',('« 5jjc:  chloride  of 
lime,  spot,  $2.50(S2.75:  sulphuric  acid,  in 
carboys,  06%  B,  lj@2c  f,  lb.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  "$  ft). 

Bone  ASH.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  B *• 
No.  1,  4@5c. 

White  Lead.— Per  lb.,  in  kegs:  500  fhs. 
and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  lb.,  6c;  less 
than  500  lbs.,  per  ft>.,  7e;  in  25-ft>.  tin  pails, 
jc  $  lb.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5-lb  tin 
cans,  100  lbs.  per  case,  Jc.  per  lb.  above 
keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1  ton  and 
over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

Red  Lead. — 500  It>s.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  "$  lb,,  61c;  less  than .500 -lis.,   7c. 

Litharge.— Pure,  in  25-Ib.  bags,  8@9c 

Borax. — Concentrated,  6@7c  "$,  lb;  pow- 
dered, 8@10c;  fused,  20@.25c;  crystal,  7c; 
calcined,  25c.  ^  _^ 

Manganese.— Pure,  f,  ft).,  60c. 

Sodium.— Metal,  f|  lb.,  $1.00. 

Bismuth.— Subhitrate,  $1  lb.,  $1.75. 

Mercury. — Bichloride,  *$  lb.,  90c. 

Molybdenum.— $2.00  •$  lb. 

Chromium.— 90%  and  over,  fl  ft.,  $1.00. 

Phosphorus. — American,  f,  ft.,  75c. 

SlLVER.^-Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  _55o." 

Aluminum.— No.  1.,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  fl  ft.;  100  lbs.,  35c;  1000  lbs,  34c;  ton  lots 
and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

Uranium.— Oxide,  ft  lb.,  $3.50. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f,  o.  3d.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.)' 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  TJ.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Vehicle  Wheel  Rim.— No.  741,401.  Oct.  13, 1903. 
H.  Harris,-San  Francisco,"  Call  One-half  assigned 
to  Wm.  J.  Gorham,  of  same  place.  This  invention 
relates  to  improvements  in  vehicle  wheels  employ -. 
ing  inflatable  tires,  and  pertains  particularly  to.a 
form  of  sectional  rim  having  means  for  quickly  at- 
taching and  detaching  the  tire.  Its  object  is  to 
provide  a  rim  and  a  double-tube  tire  therefor  of 
simple  construction  and  suitable  for  bicycles,  auto- 
mobiles and  other  vehicles,  whereby-  in  case  of 
puncture  or  other  needed  repair  the  tire  may  be 
quickly  and  easily  detached,  the  inner  tube  re- 
moved and  mended  and  the  tire  again  replaced 
and  locked  in.p5si_tion_securely_onjhe.xi1n. 

HYDKAuLYc"  ELEVATORS.— No.  741,291.  Oct.  13, 
1903."  J.  H..  Adams,?  Alameda,  Gal.  This  Invention 
relates  to*  improvements  m  apparatus  for  lifting 
gravel,  tailings  and  the  like  to  elevated  points  by 
thcaid  of  a  jet  of  water  under  high  pressure  deliv- 
ered into  a  pipe  into  which  the  material  to  be, 
lifted  is  brought  in  such  a  manner  as  to  be  acted" 
on  and.carried  upward  by  the  jet.  The  object  of 
the  invention  is  to  provide  a  lift  which  can  be  op-, 
erated  no  matter  to  what  depth  the  nozzle  may  be 
submerged. 

Combination  Canes.—  No.  741,373.  Oct.  13,  1903.. 
Le  Roy  Robertson,  Oakland,  Gal.  Two-thirds  as- 
signed to  John  Yule  and  L.  W.  Forsting,  Oakland, 
Cal.  This  invention  relates  to  a  combination  cane- 
and  device  for  concealing  and  explosing  a.  flag  or 
ottfer'  ornamental  attachment,  together  with  a 
means  for  producing  a  sound.  The  device  is  espe- 
cially intended  for  political  and  other  marching 
bodies  of  men,  where  it  is  desirable  to  provide 
means  for  producing*  a  blast  or  sound  .at  intervals, 
and  by  means  of  tne  horns  all  sounded  in  unison 
this  can  be  effected.  The  device  can  be  taken 
apart"  and  the*  sections  used  separately,  or  the 
parts  can  be  assembled  and  the  device  becomes  an 
ornamental  cane  suitable  for  ordinary  use. 

Frutt  Pulp  Machine.— No.  741,428.  Oct.  13,1903. 
C.  R.  Wilson,  San  Francisco,  Gal..  Immense  quan- 
tities of  fruit  go  to  waste  annually  simply  for  the 
reason  that  the  .growers  have  of  ten  no  means  at 
hand  of  disposing  of  the  fruit  which  becomes  too 
ripe  for  shipment.  The  object  of  this  invention  is 
to  provide  a  crusher  of    simple  construction  by 


wlm-li  Ibis  ripe  fruit  nmy  be  rfidttOed  tO  B  pulp  ami 
tbe  pita  extracted,  and  to  accord  means  in  connec- 
tion wiih  thy  crusher  whereby  the   poJp  ma"y   be 

spread  into  a  tMu  sheet  and  cut  into  ^quart*  pre- 
paratory to  dry  I  in;. 

Am  Draft  Hkatkh.— No.  741,00b.  Oct.  IS?1903. 
J.  McDennott,  Wesi  Berkeley,  Cal.  Tl  s  Invention 
relates  to  an  apparatus  which  is  designed  for  heat- 
Ing  air  to  be  employed  for  draft  in  furnaces  In  con- 
nection with  oil  burners  or  for  like  purposes,  it 
consists  of  one  or  more  casings  having  t  ransversels 
disposed  foramlnous  diaphragms  and    means    for 

admitting  air  Into  < ma  ol  the  casing  and  with* 

drawing  it  from  the  other.  The  object  "i  the  in- 
vention is  to  heat  atr  which  is  to  boused  for  various 

purposes  requiring  an  elevated  tempi-rat  ure. 


New  Patents. 


Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientist  ^resS 
i'atknt  Agknoy,  380  Market  St.,  s.  p.,  b;as; official 
reports  of  the  following  r.  s,  patents  Issued  to 
Pacific  Coast  Inventors: 

WOii    WEEK   ENDING    OCTOBEB    IS,    1908. 

741.291.— HYUitAULlC    Elevatuk  -J.   H.    Adams, 
Alameda,  Cal. 

741,007.— Railroad  Switch— W.J.  Bell,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

741,471.—  Conveyors— h.  VV.  Blalsdell,  Yuma,  Ariz. 

711. otiH.— Roller  Bearing— F.  E.  Brooks,  s.  F. 

741,807.— Closure— E.  E.  Chapman,  Los  Angeles 
Gal/ 

741.HH,— Snap  Hook- K.  F.  Covert.  Salida.  Cal. 

741,319.— Clevis— J.  G.  Evans,  Baker  Citv.  Or. 

741,122.— Burulah    Alarm  —  W.  H,   Fletcher,  Capi- 
tola.  Cal. 

741,479.— "WOOD   Working  Machine— H.  o.  Fry, 
Cosmopolis.  Wash. 

741,825.— Motor— S.  A.  Gibbs,  Taeoma.  Wash. 

741,485— Steam  Boilek— B.  H.  Green,  Los  Angeles; 
Cal. 

741,401.— Vehicle  Wheel  Kim— h.  Harris,  S.  F. 

741,248.— Indicator— F.  W.  Jones,  Santa    Paula, 
Cal. 

741,504,— Oil  Bu« nek— W.- Kemp,  Tucson,  Ariz. 

741, 6i5.— Windmill— T.  W.  Lowe,  Stockton,  Cal. 

741,355.— Columbarium  uell—W.. I.  Mathews,  Oak- 
land. Cal. 

741,608.— Air  Draft  Heater— J.  McDermott,  Ber- 
keley, Cal. 

741.27*-. —  Gun— G.  D:  Potter,  Spokane,  Wash. 

741,609.— Shade  Fixture— M.  E.  Rice,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

741,373.— Cane—  L-.  R.  Robertson,  Oakland,  Cal. 

741,197.— Window  Sash— E.  Wadey,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

741.203.— Flushing  Tank— W.  A.  Williams,  S.  F. 

741,428.— Fruit  Pulp  Machine— C.  R.  Wilson,  S.F. 


SITUATIONS  WANTED. 
J 


Wt 


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desires   position.    References.     Address  "As* 
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TjjE_DIETZ 

Electric  Rock  Drill 

Has  Solved  the  Problem  of  Drilling 
Rock  with  Electric  Power, 


Is  built  for  rough  work 
and  will  stand  up  to  it. 

Saves  time— and  time  is 
money. 

Will  run  with  less  repair 
expense  than  any  drill 
upon  the  market,  either 
electric  or  air. 


One  user  writes,    "In  an  eight  months  steady  run  have  been  eutting  rock  for  $5.00  per  foot  that  cost 
me  $14.00  by  hand." 

Another  writes  that  rock  that  cost  him  $12.00  per  foot  he  is  now  cutting  for  $3.50. 
Send  for  Catalogue  No.  1. 


THE  DEITZ  DRILL  &  MACHINERY  CO. 

1606  BLAKE  STREET,  DENVER,  COLORADO,  U.  S.  A. 


ill    MH     CAUKV    IE AIKD  &  CO., 

[ndUBtrlaJ   Publishers,  Booksellers  and  Importers, 

810  Walnut  St,  Philadelphia,  Fa.,  U.  8.  A. 

;    tfewond  Bevised  Catalogue  of  Practical 

uttftc  Books,  >.>•>  pages,  UVO.j  a  Catatogue\of 

Itook*  on   Metallurgy,  Stirling,  Prospecting,  Miner- 

atom,  '•"•'oijij.  Assaying,  Analysis,  etc  ;  a  Catalogue 

Of  Book*  on  Steam  and  the  Steam   Kngitie,  Marh'iu- 

■1  Cafatogui  of  Book*  on  Sanitary  science, 

Gas    Fating,   Plumbing,  etc.;   arid    our  other  fata- 

logues  and  <  ircttlors,  the  wit  cue  covering  every  branch 
of  Scienct  applied  to  '/<>  Arts,  sent  fres  ana  free  of 
postage  to  any  one  in  any  par  of  the  world  who  will 
furnish  his  address. 


ASSESSMENT   NOTICES. 


I  ARKXN  MINING  COMPANY.— LOCATION  OF 
L  prlnoipal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco, 
California;  location  of  works,  El  Dorado  County, 
near  PlacervIIle,  California. 

ESTol  Ice  Ib  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  «>f  Directors,  held  on  the  21st  dny  of  Septem- 
ber. HHI3,  an  assessment  (No.  15)  of  two  and  one- 
qo  n  1 :;    1  cents  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  cap- 

II  a]  stock  of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately 
in  United  States  cold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the 
office  of  the  company,  112  Main  street,  Francisco, 
California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  26th  day  of  October,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  MONDAY,  the  IGth  day  of  November, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together 
with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

N.  F.  REMINGTON,  Secretary. 

Office— 112  Main  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 


WILLIETTA  MINING  AND  MILLING  COM- 
pany.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works, 
near  Jacksonville,  Tuolumne  County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  19th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  7)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, Room  233,  Crocker  Building,  corner  Post  and 
Market  streetst  San  Francisco,  California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  27th  day  of  October,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  TUESDAY,  tbe  17th  day  of  November, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together 
with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

E.  MCALLISTER,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  233,  Crocker  Building,  corner  Post 
and  Market  streets,  San  Francisco,  California. 

IKS^  Prompt  payment  is  requested. 


GOLDEN  WEST  MINING  AND  MILLING 
Company. — Location  of  general  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works, 
Tuolumne  County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  11th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, 123  California  street,  Room  423,  San -Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  24th  day  of  October,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  Novem- 
ber, 1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to- 
gether with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses 
of  sale. 

Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHAS.  BOVONE,  Secretary. 

Office— 123  California  street,  Room  423,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 


EUREKA  CONSOLIDATED  DRD7T  MINING 
Company.— Location  of  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works, 
Placer  County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  15th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  38)  of  one-half  (l/2) 
cent  per  share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock; 
of  the  corporation,  payable  immediately  in  United 
States  sold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of 
the  company,  Room  31,  214  Pine  street,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California.* 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  17tb  day  of  October,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and,  unless  payment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  SATURDAY,  the  7th  day  of  November, 
1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  together 
with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

Bv  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

GEO.  W.  DIXON,  Secretary. 

Office— 214  Pine  street,  Room  31,  San  Francisco, 
California. 

POSTPONEMENT. 

The  date  of  the  delinquency  of  the  foregoing  as- 
sessment has  been  postponed  to  Saturday,  October 
31st,  1903,  and  the  day  of  sale  from  the  7th  day  of 
November,  1903,  to  Saturday,  November  21st,  1903. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 


A  paid-up  Hydraulic  Engineering:  Scholarship  in 
the  International  Correspondence  Schools  of  Scranton, 
Fa.,  for  sale  at  a  sacrifice. 

Address  1268  Harrison  St.,  Oakland,  Cal 


F^OR     SALE. 

Cinnabar  Property,  Over  180  Acres,  in 
EI  Dorado  County, ,  California. 

PARTIALLY  DEVELOPED. 

BERNARD  CINNABAR  MINING  CO.,  Room  E, 
Academy  of  Sciences  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


THE  CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION 
having  received  applications  to  mine  by  hy- 
draulic process  from  E.  C.  Kavanaugh  and  Wm.  H. 
Duffey,  in  Phillips  Mine,  near  Forest  Hill,  Placer 
County,  Cal.,  draining  into  Missouri  Creek  which 
reaches  American  River,  and  from  North  America 
Consolidated  Gold  Mining  Co.,  in  its  mine  near 
Gibsonville,  Sierra  County,  Cal.,  draining  into 
West  Branch  of  Slate  Creek  which  reaches  Yuba 
River,  gives  notice  that  a  meeting  will  be  held  at 
Room  96  Flood  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Nov. 
2,  1903,  at  1:30  P.  M. 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  24,  1903. 


MINE  SUPPLIES. 

CATALOGUE  No.  32. 


ORE  CARS. 
COAL  CARS. 


_.    .  ..■■■..      ----- 

DAVIS  AUTOMATIC  ORE  CAR. 


ORE  AND  WATER  SKIPS. 

CHARGING  BARROWS. 

MINE  CAR  WHEELS  AND  AXLES. 

SWITCHES,  TURNTABLES,  MINE  RAIL. 


DAVIS  PAT.  WHEELS  AND 
AXLES. 


ORE   AND    WATER    BUCKETS. 

AUTOMATIC    BAILING    TANKS. 

MINE  CAGES  AND  CHAIRS. 

SHEAVES,  WIRE  ROPE,  ETC. 


THE  F.  M.  DAVIS  IRON  WORKS  CO., 

MINING,    MILLING    AND    SMELTER    MACHINERY, 

DENVER,    COLO.,    U.    S.    /\. 


Fulton  Engine  Works 


MANUFACTURERS  OP 


Horizontal  and  Vertical 
Power  Pumps 

FOR  EVERY  POSSIBLE  DUTY. 

SINGLE,     DUPLEX    AND    TRIPLEX.       LATEST    IMPROVED     PATTERNS. 

STRONG,    SIMPLE,     EFFICIENT. 


LOS  ANGELES,  CAL. 


Established  1860. 


ENGINES,  BOILERS  AND  PUMPS. 


THOMAS  CARLIN  S  SONS  CO. 


/Vlanufacturers     of 

HOISTING  ENGINES, 
CONTRACTORS'  MACHINERY, 
GRINDING  PANS, 
ROCK  CRUSHERS 

AND  CONVEYORS. 

Write  for  Catalogue  180. 
ALLEGHENY,  FV\. 


Our  Catalogue  No.  1  describes  WATER  WELL 
MACHINES  or  many  sizes,  both  traction  and  non- 
traction,  for  wells  50  to  1000  feet  deep,  and  gives 
full  Illustrated  instruct  ons  for  operating. 

natalnffiifl  No  2  describes  MINERAL  PROSPECT- 
ING MACHINES  for  exploring  for  Iron,  Lead,  Zinc, 
Coal  and  all  minerals.  Several  plzes,  both  trac- 
ilon  and  non-traction.  Also  PLACER  GOLD  TEST- 
ING MACHINES  for  assaying  Alluvial  Deposits, 
Lake  and  River  Beds  to  bedrock.  Can  be  used  on 
boat. 

Also  Seotionalized  Machines  and  Boilers  for 
easy  transportation  to  dlffloult  places.  Tbey  make 
6  and  8-inch  holes  through  anything  and  bring  to 
the  surfaoe  everytbing  found.  Full  instructions 
for  operating. 

Catalogue  No.  S  describes  OLL  WELL  MACHINERY  for  wells  10G0  feet  to  2500  feet  deep.    Several 
sizes,  with  full  equipment  and  instructions  for  operating. 

Our  Machines  are  the  sum  of  all  excellence,  in  use  all  over  the  world.    Top  quality,  bottom  prices. 
Catalogues  FREE. 

KEYSTONE    DRILLER   CO.,       BOX  90,       BEAVER  FALLS,  PA.,  U.  S.  A. 

Are  You  Confronted  With  a  Difficult 
Ore=Separating  Problem  ? 

THE  WETHERILL  MAGNETIC  SEPARATING  PROCESS 

MAY  PROVE  THE  SOLUTION.    Apply  to  WETHERILL  SEPARATING  COMPANY,  68  Broad  St.,  Now  York. 


Whole  No.  2258.-VOLNuu':Eb„l;x,x8XV11 


San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Saturday,  October  .31,  1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Centf.fi!>L 


Mine  Drainage. 


The  problem  of  mine  drainage  is  often  a  serious 
our.  from  financial  and  mechanical  points  <>f 
view,  and  for  this  reason  mini's  which  may  be  oper- 
ated through  adits  arc  preferred  by  many  to  those 
which  can  only  be  worked  through  shafts.  In  former 
years  pumping  machinery  of  more  than  nominal 
capacity  was  more  expensive  than  now.  and  this, 
together  with  the  uncertainty  of  the  amount 
of  water  which  might  be  met,  often  deterred 
capital  from  investment  in  wet.  mines.  Mod- 
ern engineering  and  mechanical  methods  have 
simplified  the  problem,  and  pumps  now  raise 
quantities  of  water  to  a  height  which  a  few  years  ago 
was  impossible  with  the  appliances  then  in  use. 
Pumps  are  of  many  kinds,  ranging  from  the  simple 
China  "  pump,"  consisting  of  two  wheels  around  which 
passes  a  belt  having  cleats  secured  to  the  surface  of 
the  belt  at  stated  intervals,  and  run  by  a  water 
wheel,  to  the  great  modern  steam  and  electrical  con- 
st ructions  which  raise  enormous  amounts  of  water 
by  direct  lift  over  1500  feet. 

The  best  safeguard  against  the  flooding  of  a  mine 
i>  in  providing  ample  facilities  to  handle  not  only  the 

C ing  water,  but   a  much  larger   amount  than  has 

been  developed  in  the  workings.  There  are  few 
mines  which  have  facilities  for  handling  water  greater 
than  they  actually  require.  At  mines  where  water 
power  is  available  the  question  of  power  is  simplified, 
for  Cornish  pumps  may  be  operated  by  water  power 
and  steam  pumps  may  also  be  run  by  compressed  air, 
the  compressor  being  driven  by  water  power. 

Formerly  Cornish  pumps  of  various  patterns  were 
the  most  extensively  used  in  deep  mining,  but  the 
cost  of  installation  of  the  direct-acting  Cornish  pump 
was  so  great  that  engineers  were  urged  to  devise 
larger,  more  efficient  and  less  expensive  steam 
pumps  to  cope,  with  the  increasing  volumes  of  water 
encountered  in  some  mines.  The  mechanical  engi- 
neers met  the  demand  and  it  is  only  rarely  now  that 
an  elaborate  Cornish  pumping  system,  with  its  long, 
heavy  pump  rods  and  expensive  balance  "bobs,"  are 
installed  in  American  mines,  the  steam  and  electric- 
ally driven  pump   having  superseded,  and  in  many 


Spearfish  Co.'s  Cyanide  Mill,  Preston,  S.  D.     (See' Page  290.) 


cases,  displaced  them.  The  Cornish  pump  is  an  effi- 
cient pump,  but  with  high  first  cost,  and  this,  accom- 
panied by  the  uncertainty  as  to  what  water  may  be 
found  in  the  further  development  of  the  mine,  makes  it 
less  popular  with  mine  managers  than  formerly.  A 
Cornish  pufnp  designed  to  raise  1000  gallons  of  water 
per  minute  to  the  height  of  1000  feet  may  perform  all 
that  is  claimed  for  it  by  its  makers,  which  is  all  that 
can  be  expected  of  any  pump,  but  should  the  quan- 
tity of  water  increase  materially  the  Cornish  pump 
is   soon   under   water,    though  that  proves  no  disad- 


Mining  by  Open  Cut  Method,  Spearfish  Mine,  Black  Hills,  S.  D      (See  Page  290.) 


vantage  with  it,  as  it  can  be  operated  under  any 
depth  of  water  so  long  as  it  remains  in  working  or- 
der, but  to  increase  the  capacity  of  a  Cornish  pump- 
ing plant  once  installed  is  an  expensive  and  unsatis- 
factory operation. 

If  steam  or  electric  pumps  be  placed  in  a  mine  to 
handle  a  given  amount  of  water,  and  the  water 
unexpectedly  increases,  additional  pumps  can  be 
placed  in  the  mine  at  various  stations,  or  at  other 
convenient  places,  and  by  this  means  any  probable  in- 
crease in  water  is  promptly  cared  for.  The  first  cost 
is  far  less  than  that  of  a  Cornish  pumping  plant  of 
equal  capacity,  and  the  steam  and  electric  plants  are 
capable  of  being  quickly  expanded  to  meet  any  prob- 
able change  in  conditions. 

When  designing  a  shaft  for  a  mine  a  large  com- 
partment should  be  provided  for  pumps,  pipes  and 
manway,  for  often  the  size  of  shaft  compartment  de- 
termines the  size  of  pump  that  can  be  economically 
placed  in  the  mine.  Some  of  the  larger  station  pumps 
of  to-day  are  made  in  sections  which  cannot  be  taken 
down  through  a  small  compartment.  In  such  an  in- 
stance two  or  more  pumps  of  smaller  size  would  have 
to  be  substituted  for  a  large  one,  which  is  doubtful 
economy,  both  in  first  cost  and  future  operation. 

The  employment  of  skips  in  hoisting  water  has  been 
demonstrated  to  be  an  economical  and  satisfactory 
method  of  handling  mine  water,  either  to  unwater 
flooded  workings  or  to  keep  the  water  at  a  stated 
level.  They  are  comparatively  inexpensive,  quickly 
placed  in  position  or  removed  from  the  shaft,  as  re- 
quired, and  they  will  handle  a  large  amount  of  water 
at  low  cost,  particularly  if  the  skips  are  of  good  size, 
working  in  a  properly  constructed  shaft  in  good  con- 
dition, running  in  balance.  Where  a  flooded  mine  is 
to  be  unwatered  the  skips  may  be  run  tandem.  In 
a  properly  equipped  shaft  an  average  of  1000  gallons 
may  be  easily  raised  from  a  depth  of  1500  feet  every 
minute  without  great  expense,  employing  two  skips 
each  of  1500  gallons  capacity  and  running  in  balance. 
The  economic  utility  of  skips  is  coming  to  be  realized 
by  many  who  have  had  little  experience  with  them. 
They  are  being  more  extensively  used  as  carriers  of 
water  as  well  as  of  ore  and  rock,  throughout  the 
mining  world. 


282 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31,  1903. 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS. 


ESTABLISHED  i860. 


Published   Every  Saturday   at   330    Market   Street,  San   Francisco,  Cal. 
Telephone,  Davis  771. 


ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

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Branch  Offices: 
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Denver.  606  Mack  Block. 


J.  F.   HALLORAN Publisher 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  OCTOBER  31,   1903. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

ILLUSTRATIONS:  Page. 

Spearfish  Co.'s  Cyanide  Mill,  Preston,  S.D 281 

Mining  by  Open  Cut  Method,  Spearfish  Mine,  Black  Hills,  S.  D.  .281 

Map  or  Horse  Fly  Hydraulic  Mine 281 

Scenes  in  the  Operation  of  the  Cariboo  Hydraulic  M.  Co.'s  Prop- 
erty, Bullion,  Cariboo  District,  B.  C 285 

Map  of  Horse  Fly   Hydraulic  Mine 286 

Deitz  Electric  Rock  Drill 287 

Pump  Repaired  With  Iron  Cement 290 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 201 

EDITORIAL: 

Mine  Drainage 281 

Tin  in  the  United  States 282 

Litigation  in  Butte,  Montana 282 

The  Labor  Situation 282 

Danger  in  Mine  Fires . . . .- 282 

MINING  SUMMARY  292-288-294-21,5-206 

LATEST  MARKET   REPORTS 296 

MISCELLANEOUS: 

Concentrates 283 

Notes  on  Gold  Milling. 284 

Alluvial  Deposits  of  Horsefly,  B.  C 284 

Notes  on  Quartz  Milling  on'the  Rand 286 

Deitz  Electric  Rock  Drill 287 

Not  a  Good  Precipitant  for  Copper 287 

Consumption  of  Zinc  in  Cyanide  Plants 287 

Annealing  and  Case  Hardening  Tool  Steel 288 

Milling  on  Douglas  Island,  Alaska 389 

Iron  Cement  for  Machinery 290 

Drift  Timbering . 290 

Mining  Telluride  Ores  in  the  Black  Hills 290 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 291 

Personal 296 

Obituary 296 

Commercial  Paragraphs 296 

Books  Received. 296 

C  atalogues  Received 296 

New  Patents : 297 

Notices  of  Recent 'Patents ■.-....' 297 


Tin  in  the  United  States. 


For  many  years  past  efforts  have  been  made  in  the 
various  districts  in  the  United  States  where  tin  ores 
are  found  to  develop  a  profitable  tin  mining  indus- 
try. Up  to  the  present  time,  however,  these  efforts 
have  not  been  rewarded  with  success,  but  this  fact 
does  not  deter  others  from  making  a  similar  attempt, 
nor  is  there  any  reason  why  it  should.  The  tin  dis- 
tricts of  the  United  States  are  notably  those  of  the 
Black  Hills,  South  Dakota,  where  tin  occurs  in  coarse 
granite  dikes,  in  the  Harney  Peak  region  of  Custer 
and  Pennington  counties,  and  on  the  Dakota-Wyo- 
ming line  in  Lawrence  county;  and  that  of 
southern  California,  near  the  town  of  Corona,  in 
Riverside  county.  Tin  also  occurs  in  numerous  other 
localities,  though,  as  far  as  developed,  only  in  small 
amount. 

In  the  Black  Hills  region  a  large  amount  of  devel- 
opment work  has  been  done  in  both  of  the  districts 
mentioned,  and  expensive  concentrating  mills  have 
been  built — the  first  at  the  Etta  mine  near  Keystone 
in  188(5.  Although  the  mine  had  considerable  devel- 
opment and  was  well  situated  for  attack  by  mining 
operations,  the  vein  subsequently  proved  more  valu- 
able for  spodumene  than  for  tin,  although  cassiterite 
occurred'in  the  rocks.  The  Etta  mill  ran  but  a  short 
time,  there  being  too  little  tin  ore  to  keep  it  sup- 
plied. Later  mills  were  built  at  and  near  Hill  City, 
and  further  attempts  were  made  to  concentrate  and 
reduce  the  ores.  While  such  operations  were  gen- 
erally successful  from  a  mechanical  standpoint,  they 
apparently  never  realized  a  financial  success,  which 
is  the  usual  object  in  equipping  and  operating  mines. 

In  California  an  elaborate  plant  was  built  for  the 
treatment  of  the  tin  ores  occurring  on  the  San 
Jacinto  estate  in  Riverside  county  in  1890-91,  and 
considerable  tin  was  produced,  but  without  profit. 

Whatever  may  be  said  of  the.  management  of  these 
several  enterprises  in  the  past,  all  of  these  opera- 
tions were  conducted  at  periods  ranging  from  ten  to 
seventeen  years  ago,  since  which  time  many  improve- 
ments have  been  made  in  metallurgical  appliances 
and  processes,  and  the  knowledge  of  concentration 
has  been  materially  increased.  As  it  is  no  uncommon 
thing  to  see  gold,  silver  and  copper  mines  which  in 
past  years  failed  to  pay,  or,  having  once  paid,  closed 


because  they  could  no  longer  be  made  to  yield  a  profit 
under  existing  conditions,  are  now  again  successfully 
operated  under  the  new  conditions,  it  is  reasonable 
to  expect-that  the  tin  mines  under  the  new  state  of 
things  may  be  enabled  to  make  a  success. 


Litigation  in  Butte,  Montana. 

The  handing  down  by  Judge  Clancy  of  the  District 
Court  of  Montana  a  decision  in  the  Minnie  Healey 
and  Parrott  cases  adverse  to  the  Amalgamated  Cop- 
per Co.  has  had  an  unexpected  effect.  The.  Amal- 
gamated Co.  has  closed  down  all  its  mines  and  works, 
not  only  in  Butte  City,  but  throughout  Montana, 
throwing  15,000  men  out  of  employment.  What  the 
outcome  of  this  arbitrary  action  will  be  is  difficult  to 
foresee.  Different  interests  view  the  situation  dif- 
ferently. One  class  looks  upon  the  action  of  the 
Amalgamated  people  as  a  bid  for  public  sentiment  in 
their  favor,  in  view  of  pending  and  possible  future 
new  litigation.  Others  consider  it  as  a  "  bull "  move- 
ment in  the  copper  market. 

Whatever  the  motive,  it  has  created  consternation 
among  the  miners  of  Montana,  and  its  outcome  is 
looked  forward  to  with  doubt,  not  to  say  apprehen- 
sion. 

The  Minnie  Healey  and  Parrott  cases  are  but 
two  of  a  number  of  cases  which  have  been  before  the 
Montana  court  for  months  past,  and  it  looks  as 
though  the  litigation  between  the  Amalgamated  in- 
terests and  those  of  A.  F.  Heinze  and  associates  will 
be  interminable,  unless  some  sort  of  compromise  is 
arranged.  With  this  object  in  view,  a  mediation 
committee  has  been  appointed,  consisting  of  W.  A. 
Clark,  Paris  Gibson,  J.  J.  Hill  and  Governor  T.  K. 
Toole.  This  committee  has  been  asked  to  arbitrate 
the  differences,  if  possible,  but  little  is  hoped  for  from 
its  efforts. 

The  Minnie  Healey  case,  as  well  as  most  of  the 
other  cases  pending  in  the  Montana  courts,  is  directly 
the  outcome  of  the  pernicious  extralateral  right  law, 
which  permits  the  following  of  a  vein  or  ore  deposit 
beyond  the  side  lines  of  a  mining  location.  In  a  re- 
gion where  the  vein  structure  is  simple  the  law  would 
operate  perfectly,  as  the  framers  of  it  conceived  no 
complications  such  as  are  usually  found.  This  aptly 
illustrates  the  wide  difference  between  legislative 
and  scientific  geology.  In  a  region  where  the  vein 
system  is  complex,  the  extralateral  right  law  inva- 
riably results  in  litigation  if  all  the  properties  are 
not  owned  by  one  person  or  company. 

In  the  Butte  district  the  geology  is  very  complex, 
and  the  conflicting  interests  have  been  many.  Long- 
continued  and  expensive  litigation  has  resulted  in 
settling  or  compromising  a  great  number  of  these 
contests,  but  a  great  many  still  remain  to  be  ad- 
justed. 

In  addition  to  the  extralateral  right  controversy, 
a  new  feature  has  entered  into  the  Butte  litigation. 
Judge  Clancy  has  rendered  a  decision  that  under  the 
common  law  the  Amalgamated  Copper  Company  (a 
New  Jersey  corporation)  has  no  right  to  own  and 
hold  stock  in  the  Boston  &  Montana,  and  the  Parrott 
Silver  and  Copper  companies,  which  are  Montana  cor- 
porations. It  is  contended  by  the  amalgamated  in- 
terests that,  if  this  decision  be  just,  then  the  United 
Copper  Company — also  a  New  Jersey  corporation, 
controlled  by  the  Heinze  interests — has  no  right  to 
hold  the  stocks  of  Montana  corporations.  If  this  de- 
cision is  sustained  it  would  affect  other  corporations 
not  of  Montana,  holding  stocks  in  corporations  or- 
ganized under  Montana  laws. 

Judge  Clancy  has  made  permanent  the  injunction 
restraining  the  Amalgamated  Copper  Company  from 
doing  business  in  Montana,  and  rather  than  have  re- 
ceivers appointed  by  the  court  the  Amalgamated 
Company  has  closed  down  every  interest  controlled 
by  them  in  Montana. 

There  were  three  receiverships  sued  for:  two  by  J. 
MacGinniss,  vice-president  of  the  Montana  Ore  Pur- 
chasing Co.  vs.  the  Boston  &  Montana  Co.,  in  which 
Mr.  MacGinniss  owns  100  shares  out  of  150,000  shares 
stock.  By  this  action,  it  is  claimed,  $2,000,000  were 
tied  up  which  would  have  been  disbursed  in  dividends. 

Another  case  was  that  of  J.  MacGinniss  and  J. 
Lamm,  who  own  80  shares  out  of  240,000  shares  of 
the  Parrott  Silver  and  Copper  Mining  Company. 

The  court  granted  everj'thing  asked  for  by  plain- 
tiffs in  these  cases  except  the  actual  appointment  of 
receivers,    which  is   held  in   abeyance   pending   the 


action  of  the  Amalgamated  Company  in  complying 
with  certain  conditions. 

That  a  complete  shutdown  was  necessitated  by  the 
decision  of  the  court  is  not  evident,  but  rather  than 
submit  to  the  property  being  placed  in  the  hands  of 
receivers  the  Amalgamated  Company  has  closed  all 
its  mines  and  works,  and  as  both  sides  appear  to  be 
unwilling  to  make  any  concessions,  it  is  hnpossible  to 
anticipate  the  end  of  this,  the  most  serious  trouble 
that  has  ever  confronted  Butte.  Even  the  "smoke 
nuisance  ' '  is  forgotten  in  its  absence. 

If  the  mines  remain  closed  for  any  considerable 
time,  it  will  doubtless  affect  the  copper  market.  The 
Boston  &  Montana  is  said  to  be  capable  of  producing 
100,000,000  pounds  of  copper  annually,  and  the  Par- 
rott Co.  about  12,000,000  pounds.  With  this  large 
output  withdrawn  from  the  market,  the  price  is 
likely  to  go  up  somewhat.  The  present  price  is 
higher  than  that  of  last  week,  but  whether  as  the 
result  of  the  Butte  difficulty  or  not  is  as  yet  inde. 
terminate. 

The  Labor  Situation. 


From  nearly  every  district,  where  a  few  weeks  ago 
miners  walked  out  at  the  call  of  the.  officers  of  the 
Western  Federation  of  Miners,  comes  the  news  of 
renewed  activity.  In  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  district 
about  1800  non-union  men  are  now  at  work,  besides 
500  union  men  in  the  Portland  mine.  Many  of  these 
were  formerly  affiliated  with  the  Western  Federa- 
tion, but  were  reinstated  upon  withdrawing  from 
that  organization. 

In  the  San  Juan  district  of  Colorado  the  mines  are 
gradually  starting  up  with  non-union  crews,  and  there 
is  more  activity  generally  in  those  localities  in  Colo- 
rado where  strikes  have  prevailed  throughout  the 
greater  part  of  summer. 

At  Searchlight,  Nev.,  the  mine  owners  who  stood 
together  with  a  single  exception,  have  been  enabled 
to  resume  operations  with  non-union  men,  only  one 
mine  being  worked  with  Federation  men.  At  Rands- 
burg,  Cal.,  the  Yellow  Aster  is  working  to  its  full 
capacity  with  non-union  men.  In  other  districts  the 
mines  are  operating  steadily,  threatened  trouble  hav- 
ing been  averted  generally  by  mutual  concessions. 
In  a  few  localities  the  Western  Federation  is  still 
supreme,  but  they  are  far  less  aggressive,  than  for- 
merly. 

In  Arizona  the  southern  mines  are  all  at  work,  and 
only  in  Yavapai  is  the  mining  industry  not  under  full 
headway,  but  an  early  adjustment  of  the  long  con- 
tinued difficulties  in  that  district  is  anticipated. 


Danger  in  Mine  Fires. 

The  occurrence  of  a  mine  fire  attended  with  death 
is  reported  from  Eureka,  Utah,  where  a  fire  starting 
in  the  workings  of  the  Bullion-Beck  or  the  Eureka 
Hill  mine  flooded  the  Centennial  and  Gemini  mines 
adjoining,  as  well  as  the  workings  of  the  burning 
mine,  with  deadly  gas,  causing  the  loss  of  a  mine 
foreman  and  a  large  amount  of  damage  to  the  work- 
ings. This  occurrence  emphasizes  the  necessity  for 
providing  during  the  development  of  the  mine  against 
spread  of  fires,  and  means  for  preventing  the  pass- 
ing of  deadly  gas  and  smoke  from  the  burning  cham- 
bers and  other  portions  of  the  mine  in  event 
of  a  possible  fire.  In  this  case,  as  usual,  there  were 
no  means  to  confine  the  fire,  and  men  went  into  the 
workings  with  their  heads  encased  in  helmets  some- 
thing similar  to  those  used  by  divers,  and  although 
they  were  enabled  by  this  means  to  make  an  inspec- 
tion, found  that  they  could  perform  no  work  with 
the  cumbersome  headgear.  As  in  Eureka  district 
a  scarcity  of  water  made  flooding  of  the  burning 
stopes  impracticable,  attempts  were  made  to 
smother  it,  but  as  previously  stated,  the  men  were 
unable  to  accomplish  much  with  their  life-saving 
apparatus. 

If  suitable  doors  of  iron  with  brick  casings  were 
provided  at  points  on  each  level,  in  order  to  shut  off 
the  fresh  air  supply,  fires  would  be  of  short  duration 
in  mines,  as  they  cannot  make  headway  without  a 
continuous  supply  of  oxygen.  In  view  of  the  great 
damage  often  done  by  mine  fires,  which  are  not  in- 
frequently attended  with  loss  of  life,  it  is  strange 
that  the  provision  of  doors,  which  upon  occasion  of 
a  lire  may  be  made  air  tight,  are  not  provided  in 
all  dry  mines  or  those  where  fires  may  possibly  occur. 


Ootobeb  31,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


283 


9  M 

CONCENTRATES. 

b o 


Thkkk  are  stated  to  l».-  ns.non  native  miners  in  Mexico 
and  still  mine  labor  is  scarce  in  some  districts. 

T*  WWW 

C'OARSK  and  tine  (relatively)  slimes,  as   well   as  Bands, 
require  separate  treatment.     I '.nth  cannot  be  treated  on 
(be  same  vanner  or  table  successfully. 
www* 

THE  rock  specimen  from  Midas.  Xyo  i-niuity.  Nov..  is 
quart/  with  hematite  (iron  oxide)  and  the  variety  of  iron 
Ore  known  as  specular  iron,  or  micaceous  iron.  The  ore 
m;iy  contain  gold,  as  il  often  dors  elsewhere. 

WW  WW 

Placer  gold  was  mined  in  southern  Minnesota  on  a 
stream  called  the  Zumbro  over  fort;  years  ago.  The 
amount  of  gold  obtained  was  Bmall,  and  as  far  as  known 
tin-  source  nf  tin.'  gold  lias  not  1 n  discovered. 

W  *  W  W 

The  greater  portion  of  gold  produced  in  the  world  is 
from  the  native  metal  direct,  by  amalgamation.  That 
obtained  by  smelting,  chlorination,  cyanldlng,  etc.,  is 
generally  a  by-product  of  some  previous  operation. 

WT1PT 

THE  occurrence  of  forks  of  Devonian  age  in  the  Black 
Ililts.  s.  ]).,  uplift  is  a  matter  of  dispute.  Some  au- 
thorities claim  the  Devonian  is  represented  in  a  stratum 
of  limestone,  others  refer  this  stratum  to  the  Silurian. 

vVVw 

THE  rock  sample  from  Hell  Ranch,  N.  M.,  is  silica  and 
carbonate  of  lime.  The  light  yellow,  silt-like  mineral  is 
iron  ochre,  no  uranium,  ami  the  heavy  metallic  mineral 
iron  sulphide.  Unless  these  contain  gold  or  silver  they 
are  commercially  valueless. 

ww  ww 

MERCURY  will  often  amalgamate  with  brass  and  in 
time  cause  it  to  disintegrate.  The  mercury  probably 
unites  with  the  zinc  in  the  alloy.  A  solution  of  nitrate 
of  mercury  will,  if  applied  to  thin  sheet  brass,  cause  it 
to  disintegrate  in  a  few  days. 

*»l»ww 

Much  of  the  iron  ore  of  the  Lake  Superior  region 
Occurs  in  connection  with  large  masses  of  jasper.  The 
ore  bodies,  though  large,  are  generally  of  irregular 
Bhape.  Ore  bodies  of  this  kind  are  sometimes  discovered 
by  use  of  the  magnetic  dipping  noodle. 

WW  WW 

The  owner  of  a  mine  cannot  prevent  the  natural  drain- 
age of  water  from  a  neighboring  mine  into  his  own  prop- 
erties. Each  mine  owner  has  the  right  to  mine  his 
property  as  he  pleases,  and  so  long  as  he  does  not  cause 
liis  drainage  to  enter  the  property  of  his  neighbor  by 
artificial  means  he  may  continue  to  work  as  he  sees  fit. 

Pullers  earth  is  a  clay-like  mineral,  but  contains 
only  a  small  percentage  of  alumina.  It  has  the  prop- 
erty of  decolorizing  and  clarifying  oils.  It  contains  a 
large  percentage  of  water,  but  is  not  plastic  like  most 
[clays.  It  is  found  in  numerous  localities.  The  most  ex- 
tensive deposits  developed  in  the  United  States  are  in 
Florida  and  South  Dakota. 

In  melting  refined  gold,  any  lead  that  may  be  present 
rises  to  the  surface  of  the  gold,  and  may  be  removed  by 
sprinkling  bone-ash  onto  the  melt.  The  bone-ash  ab- 
sorbs the  lead  and  other  impurities  and  is  then  skimmed 
off.  In  melting  bullion  not  refined,  the  slag  formed  from 
the  lluxes  can  be  more  readily  skimmed  off  if  thickened 
by  adding  bone-ash. 

4/4/4/4/ 

Steel  is  not  heavier  than  the  iron  from  which  it  was 
made,  unless  the  iron  contained  impurities  which  were 
expelled  during  the  process  of  conversion  to  steel.  Steel 
weighs  abouf  490  pounds  per  square  foot,  and  a  steel 
stamp  shoe  9  inches  in  diameter,  with  height  of  about  9 
Inches,  weighs  when  new  about  185  pounds,  more  or  less, 
according  to  height  and  also  to  shape  and  size  of  the 
shank.  An  inch  of  a  shoe  9  inches  in  diameter  weighs 
about  eighteen  pounds. 

Salts  of  antimony,  called  "antimonites,"  are  of 
an  unstable  character.  The  px'esence  of  other  sub- 
stances in  mercury  is  often  deleterious  to  amalgamation. 
Among  these  are  lead,  copper,  sulphur,  mercurous 
oxide,  etc.,  and  "Concentrates"  has  never  learned 
that  antimony  is  an  advantage  in  amalgamation. 
Sodium  and  cadmium,  however,  appear  to  possess  bene- 
ficial properties  when  mixed  with  mercury.  That,  in 
any  event,  antimony  and  mercury  amalgam  will  collect 
rusty  or  coated  gold  is  doubtful. 


In  some  milling  plants  the  mill  men  avoid  making 
slimes  as  far  as  possible,  in  view  of  future  difficulties 
when  the  pulp  reaches  the  cyanide  tanks.  At  the  Home- 
stake,  Lead  City,  S.  D.,  all  of  the  ore  is  crushed  with  a 
view  of  creating  slimes,  as  it  has  been  found  that  by  so 
doing  a  much  higher  extraction  is  possible.  This  in- 
stance can  not  be  taken  as  a  rule  which  should  be  fol- 
lowed by  all  gold  mill  men,  though  there  is  an  increasing 
tendency  in  the  direction  of  finer  crushing. 
4/4/4/' ' 

The  locator  of  a  placer  claim  who  may  know  of  the 
existence  of  a  vein  or  lode  within  the  placer  location 
may  also  locate  the  lode.  No  person  other  than  the 
owner  of  a  placer  claim  may  enter  the  same  for  the  pur- 


pose of  prospecting  for  a  vein.  The  fact  that  a  lode  or 
vein  exists  in  a  placer  claim  not  being  known  to  the  lo- 

oat f  the  placer  claim,  when  such  fact   was  known  to 

others  who  had  [iroperly  made  a  location  of  said  lode. 
does  nut  seoure  Hie  owner  of  the  placer  against  the 
claimant  of  the  vein. 

Bleaching  powder  (chloride  of  lime)  is  manufac- 
tured bj  exposing  slacked  lime  to  chlorine  gas.  The 
gas  is  absorbed,  the  product  being  a  dry  white  powder 
whioh  has  a  strong  odor  of  ohlorine.  It  is  used  in  the 
barrel  chlorination  process.  The  "bleach"  is  charged 
with  the  ore,  water  and  sulphuric  acid.  The  reaction 
being  as  follows:  CaCl,  I  ;i  t <  a  1 ), -|- 21 1  ,K<  >, ---  :;i 'I ,  i  2Ca 
SO.,-)  -1I..O.  The  sulphur  of  the  .sulphuric  acid  unites 
with  II alcium  of  the  bleaching  powder  forming  cal- 
cium   sulphate   (gypsum),   chlorine    being    ft d,    which 

unites  with  the  precious  metals  in  the  ore. 

WW  WW 

STEAM  SHOVELS  are  extensively  used  in  mining  iron 
ore  in  the  Minnesota  and  Michigan  iron  "  ranges  "  by 
the  open  cut  system.  The  ore  is  lirst  "stripped  "  of 
surface  soil  and  other  debris  by  the  shovels  and  the  un- 
derlying iron  ore  is  then  scooped  up  by  the  shovels  and 
deposited  in  cars  standing  on  a  track  at  the  side  of  the 
shovel.  The  mines  are  usually  worked  in  a  series  of 
benches  or  terraces.  In  underground  operations  several 
different  systems  of  ore  extraction  are  employed,  de- 
pendent on  the  size,  shape  and  general  character  of  the 
ore  body.  Most  of  the  mining  is  carried  on  at  a  low  cost, 
a  minimum  of  timber  being  employed. 
w  www 

Analytical  assays  or  analyses  of  country  rock  for 
gold  with  a  view  to  the  determination  of  their  relation 
to  the  genesis  of  the  ore  deposit  probably  give  no  definite 
knowledge  on  the  subject,  for  the  reason  that  the  mineral 
solutions,  which,  coming  from  great  depth,  deposited 
their  values  in  the  vein  or  ore  deposit,  may  also  have 
deposited  a  small  portion  of  their  values  in  the  wall 
I'ocks  as  well.  Many  wall  rocks  contain  gold,  silver  and 
other  metals,  similar  to  those  found  in  the  neighboring 
vein,  hut  this  fact  is  not  conclusive  evidence  that  the 
values  in  the  vein  were  derived  from  the  wall  rocks,  by 
what  is  known  as  "lateral  secretion.'1 
4/4/4/4/ 

SINKING  or  tunneling  through  rock  strata  of  unequal 
hardness  is  often  attended  with  difficulty,  particularly 
when  the  hardness  of  the  several  strata  vary  greatly. 
Should  the  drill  be  driven  through  a  hard  layer  and 
suddenly  penetrate  a  soft  one,  it  is  generally  advisable  to 
abandon  the  hole  and  drill  another  in  the  hard  stratum 
about  three-fourths  of  the  way  through  it.  Blasting  will 
throw  out  the  hard  stratum,  when  the  soft  one  may  he 
removed  by  picking.  Better  headway  can  usually  be 
made  by  drilling  short  holes  than  long  ones  when  this 
condition  obtains.  Rock  strata  of  this  character  are  not 
of  infrequent  occurrence  in  sedimentary  formations. 
4/4/4/4/ 

The  "ore  in  sight  "  in  a  mine  can  only  be  determined 
approximately  at  best.  Long  experience  has  proven 
that  appearances  in  mine  development  are  often  decep- 
tive and  unreliable.  No  mining  engineer  is  safe  in  assum- 
ing a  larger  tonnage  "in  sight  "  than  he  can  estimate  in 
ore  bodies  cut  on  four  sides,  within  relatively  short  dis- 
tances, although  some  are  willing  to  base  their  judgment 
on  cuttings  exposing  three  sides  of  the  block  of  ore. 
These  suggestions  contemplate  the  measurement  of  a 
body  of  ore  in  a  vein  of  moderate  width — 20  feet  or  less. 
When  the  vein  exceeds  this  width  even  greater  caution 
is  necessary.  It  is  a  curious  fact  that  ore  bodies  upon 
being  extracted  rarely  produce  a  tonnage  in  excess  of 
estimates  previously  made. 

The  only  stamp  mill  in  which  the  batteries  were 
placed  in  a  double  line  facing  each  other  of  which  Con- 
centrates has  any  knowledge,  was  that  built  at  the  Father 
de  Smet  mine  at  Central  City,  S.  D.,  in  1878,  and  con- 
tained eighty  stamps — afterward  increased  to  100.  The 
mill  had  larger  ore  bin  capacity  than  is  usually  found  in 
mills  of  similar  size.  All  of  the  plates  can  be  watched 
at  one  time,  and  all  machinery  is  easily  accessible.  Be- 
yond this  a  mill  of  this  type  of  construction  has  no  ad- 
vantages, and  it  is  not  a  popular  method  of  construction. 
The  central  portion  of  the  mill  was  always  dark.  It 
contained  eight  rock  breakers  when  one  large  one  out- 
side the  mill  would  have  broken  all  the  ore  for  the  eighty 
stamps,  thus  dispensing  with  three  breaker  men. 
vvvw 

Gold  has  been  reported  discovered  at  various  times  in 
the  past  on  the  .Taina  and  Isabella  rivers  in  Santo  Do- 
mingo, and  it  is  said  that  immediately  after  their  discov- 
ery in  the  early  part  of  the  fifteenth  century  that  the 
placers  produced  a  large  amount  of  gold,  but  the  field 
has  long  since  been  worked  out.  The  quartz  of  the 
veins  or  zones  is  interbedded  with  slate  and  follows-  its 
foldings  closely7.  These  veins  cannot  be  considered  fis- 
sures. They  occur  most  abundantly  near  intrusive 
dikes.  Those  portions  near  the  dikes  are  gold  bearing, 
and  as  distance  from  the  dikes  increases  the  gold  dimin- 
ishes until  the  rock  is  barren.  Only  those  streams 
which  cut  metamorphic  rocks  are  gold  bearing,  the 
streams  running  through  syenite  carrying  no  gold. 
Although  many  veins  of  quartz  contain  gold  on  the 
island,  it  has  never  been  discovered  in  paying  quantity. 

The  richest  ore  deposits  discovered  in  the  Leadville, 
Colo.,  district  were  on  Fryer  Hill.  The  ore  bodies  were 
covered  with  from  100  to  150  feet  of  glacial  lake  drift — 
sand,  gravel  and  cobbles,   and  no  ore  outcropped  any- 


where  on  the  hill,  the  nearest  point  of  approach  of  ore 

to  the  sin-face  being  in  the  Little  Pittsburg  mine.  Nearly 
all  the  blue  limestone  on  this  hill  was  found  replaced  by 
ore,  much  of  it  of  phenomenal  richness.  Allot  the  car- 
bonate (oxidized  I  ores  of  the  district  were  of  greater  av- 
erage richness  than  the  sulphide  ores.  This  is  known  as 
secondary  enrichment  of  ore  bodies,  and  has  been  tb.- sub- 
ject  of  much  research  and  speculation  by  student-   of 

mining  geology.  While  the  fact  that  secondary  enrich- 
ment   has   often    taken    place    in    oxidized    ore  bodies  is 

i ognized,   the  source  of  enrichment  is  many  timesob- 

scure,  and  theories  regarding  it  'are  unsatisfactory. 

4p  '1/  4'  4/ 

A  rocker  or  cradle  for  washing  gold-bearing  gravel 

may  be  nuule  of  any  size  from  12x24  inches  t ie  30x48 

inches.  A  fair  size  is  one  20x36  inches.  It  should  have 
a  riddle  or  sieve  of  sheet  iron  or  steel,  having  J-inch 
round  holes  punched  in  it.    This  is  Beoured  to  the  square 

fra ■  hopper  on  top  of  the  rocker,  and  most  be  easily 

detachable,  for  the  purpose  of  throwing  out  coarse  rocks, 
etc.  Underneath  I  he  riddle  is  placed  an  inclined  frame 
covered  rather  loosely  with  canvas,  so  that  the  cloth  will 
sag  down  when  wet.  On  this  will  usually  be  found  the 
greater  part  of  the  coarse  gold.- as  well  as  some  of  the 
fine.  In  the  bottom  of  the  rocker  cross  riffles  should  be 
placed  to  catch  line  gold.  In  setting  the  rocker  the 
grade  at  which  the  machine  is  placed  should  be  such 
that  the  rocks  and  earth  passing  through  the  riddle 
shall  pass  out  quickly  in  a  steady  stream.  The  rocking 
should  be  done  vigorously,  but  carefully,  and  the  stream 
of  water  poured  into  the  hopper  should  bo  regulated  as 
uniformly  as  possible.  The  rocker  is  at  best  a  rude 
device,  but  it  will  do  good  work  in  experienced  hands. 
The  capacity  of  the  machine  is  determined  by  the  class 
of  gravel  or  other  material  being  treated,  size  of  cradle 
and  skill  of  the  operator. 

WW  WW 

Telluride  ORES  may  he  concentrated  satisfactorily 
if  the  appliances  are  properly  adjusted  and  the  operator 
understands  his  business.  The  coarser  particles  usually 
give  no  trouble  in  concentrating  on  shaking  tables,  but 
the  fine  slimes  can  not  be  concentrated  equally  well  in  this 
way.  Canvas  tables  adjusted  as  to  grade,  quantity 
of  water  employed  and  amount  of  material  fed  will  con- 
centrate a  high  percentage  of  these  slimes.  A  sloping 
table,  similar  to  the  canvas  table  in  design,  but  covered 
with  cement,  also  affords  an  excellent  surface  upon  which 
to  concentrate  telluride  slimes.  Some  constructors  build 
these  tables  on  a  masonry  base,  with  fixed  grade,  but  by 
using  care  in  building  the  foundations,  tables  may  he 
made  adjustable.  The  board  surface  is  first  studded 
with  shingle  nails,  which  project  about  J  inch,  and  over 
this  the  mixture  of  sand  and  cement  is  spread  to  a 
depth  of  at  least  :j  inch,  completely  covering  the 
nails  to  the  depth  of  \  inch.  The  surface  may  he  finished 
with  neat  cement  or  sand  and  cement,  as  experience 
has  shown  is  necessary  with  the  particular  ore  under 
treatment.  Usually  when  tellurides  have  been  concen- 
trated and  roasted  properly  they  give  no  further  trouble 
in  the  recovery  of  the  gold  they  contain. 

w  WWW 

THE  broken  condition  of  the  limestones  and  quartzites, 
etc.,  along  the  northern  base  of  the -San  Bernardino 
range  of  California  is  due,  probably,  to  crushing  of  the 
rock  masses  at  the  time  of  the  uplift  of  the  San  Bernar- 
dino range,  which  must  have  been  more  abrupt  than 
mountain  elevation  generally  is.  It  has  resulted  in  frac- 
turing all  of  the  sedimentary  rocks  over  an  area  of  sev- 
eral hundred  square  miles.  The  rocks  have  been  rece- 
mented  in  part  by  the  infiltration  of  calcium  carbonate 
and  iron,  forming  a  massive,  but  incoherent  rock  mass. 
The  region  is  faulted  by  step  and  thrust  faults,  hut  no 
intrusive  dikes  have  been  observed.  In  some  portions 
of  this  greatly  disturbed  region  the  crushed  rocks  are 
ore  bearing,  as  at  Silver  Reef,  where  they  carry  chloride 
and  bromide  of  silver  in  limestone;  at  Gold  mountain, 
where  gold  occurs  in  shattered  quartzite,  and  at  the 
Black  Hawk  mines,  where  gold  occurs  in  the  limestone, 
associated  with  hematite,  the  latter  both  massive  and  in 
dust-like  particles  scattered  through  the  lime.  Through- 
out this  region  the  rooks,  though  shattered,  have  not 
been  displaced  in  most  places  sufficiently  to  destroy  the 
planes  of  bedding.  In  the  ore-bearing  zones,  however, 
the  crushing  has  been  extensive  and  stratification  is 
practically  destroyed. 

4/4/4/4- 

The  Ballarat  district  of  Victoria.  Australia,  comprises 
two  distinct  belts — the  east,  about  8  miles  long,  and  the 
west,  about  5  miles  long.  In  the  east  belt  the  formation 
has  been  much  folded,  and  fissure  veins  have  formed. 
These  are  accompanied  by  what  are  locally  termed  in- 
dicator veins  or  beds.  These  are  certain  beds  of  dark- 
colored  shale  which  follow  the  fissures,  but  are  confined 
to  the  country  rock.  They  carry  pyrite  and  mispicket, 
and  these  minerals  sometimes  replace  the  original  rock 
completely.  The  indicators  run  parallel  with  some  of 
the  veins  and  are  intersected  by  many  of  them.  At 
points  of  intersection  the  vein  is  generally  rich.  In  the 
west  belt  the  veins  are  fissures  cutting  folded  sandstones 
and  shales.  "  Feeders  "  to  the  main  veins  are  numerous, 
and  these  with  the  main  vein  sometimes  form  , "  stock - 
werks  "  many  feet  in  width.  The  east  belt  at  Ballarat 
has  produced  a  number  of  masses  of  gold  in  place 
(pockets)  ranging  from  30  to  135  ounces.  In  some  re- 
spects these  pocket  mines  resemble  some  of  those  of  Cali- 
fornia, notably  the  Bonanza  mine  at  Sonora,  Tuolumne 
county,  where  the  pockets  followed  a  thin  fissure  in  the 
slates,  which  was  filled  with  a  soft  material,  largely  iron 
and  black  oxide  of  manganese.  The  vein  in  which  these 
pockets  are  found  cuts  the  slates  obliquely. 


284 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  3],  390?. 


Notes  on  Gold  Milling. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

It  is  desirable,  in  milling  gold  ores,  whether  the 
tailings  are  to  be  cyanided  or  not,  to  have  the  ore 
crushed  to  uniform  fineness.  This  can  only  be  accom- 
plished by  using  a  constant  quantity  of  water  in  the 
battery,  and  keeping  the  drop  of  stamps  and  height 
of  screen  above  the  die  absolutely  uniform.  Under 
this  set  of  conditions  the  product  will  be  fairly  uni- 
form. As  the  shoe  and  die  wear,  the  stamp  becomes 
lighter,  and  would  have  reduced  crushing  capacity 
except  for  the  fact  that  the  additional  height  of  fall 
results  in  a  greater  number  of  footpounds,  so  that  the 
crushing  capacity  of  a  stamp  will  really  be  increased 
rather  than  diminished,  if  the  screen  be  lowered  to 
the  same  height  above  the  die.  This  is  accomplished 
by  the  use  of  chuck  blocks  having  a  2-inch  differen- 
tial. Thus,  the  uniformity  of  the  product  of  stamp- 
ing is  only  approximate,  and  not  actual.  The  tap- 
pet, which  regulates  the  height  of  drop,  may  be 
shifted  to  keep  the  drop  nearly  uniform,  but  the  dif- 
ference in  height  of  chuck  block  still  exists.  This 
may  be  lessened  by  employing  J-inch  strips  beneath 
the  chuck  blocks,  which  may  be  removed  as  the  die 
wears  down.  By  the  use  of  two  chuck  blocks,  having 
a  difference  of  2  inches  in  height,  and  providing  three 
2-inch  strips  of  iron  to  place  beneath  the  blocks,  the 
discharge  may  be  kept  nearly  uniform. 

Generally  when  dies  are  renewed  the  particles  of 
sand  are  coarser  than  when  the  die  is  worn  down. 
This  is  because  too  little  attention  is  given  to  keep- 
ing the  discharge  as  uniform  as  possible.  The 
amount  of  water  fed  to  the  battery  must  also  be  kept 
constant. 

Fine  crushing  in  the  rock  breakers  greatly  in- 
creases the  capacity  of  the  mill.  It  also  reduces  the 
wear  of  shoes  and  dies  in  the  battery,  as  well  as  in- 
creases the  life  of  screens. 

This  is  not  a  new  discovery,  but  a  well-known  fact, 
though  one  which  is  seldom  put  into  practice  in  the 
operation  of  quartz  mills. 

Wet  clay  and  earth  in  ores  require  constant  atten- 
tion at  the  feeders  to  prevent  clogging.  Sometimes 
the  feeder  will  clog  at  the  top  while  the  plate  below 
is  bare.     This  may  be  avoided  by  careful  watching. 

The  loss  of  quicksilver  in  a  mill  where  inside  amal- 
gamation is  practiced  is  always  greater  than  where 
amalgamation  is  done  outside  the  .mortar  in  the  same 
mill.  When  the  stamp  strikes  a  globule  of  mercury 
fairly  it  divides  it  into  microscopic  spheres  which  are 
splashed  about  among  the  fragments  of  ore  which  are 
being  constantly  churned  by  the  rapidly  dropping 
stamps,  and  they  have  small  chance  of  uniting  with 
other  particles  while  remaining  in  the  mortar.  There 
are  a  vast  number  of  these  minute  globules  of  quick- 
silver in  the  mortar  and  these  are  dashed  out  through 
the  screen  together  with  the  pulp,  and  the  greater 
number  of  them  attach  to  the  outside  plates,  but 
many  others  float  upon  the  surface  of  the  stream 
flowing  over  the  plates,  and  reach  the  vanners  where 
they  wash  over  and  are  lost,  or  are  carried  by  the 
belts,  together  with  the  sulphides,  to  the  washing 
box  beneath  the  machine,  where  they  are  washed  off 
together  with  the  concentrates.  Here  again  ex- 
tremely fine  globules  of  mercury  have  a  tendency  to 
float,  and  these  particles,  together  with  that  por- 
tion of  the  sulphides  known  as  "  slimes,"  may  often 
be  observed  floating  on  the  surface  of  the  water  in 
the  washing  boxes.  This  overflows  into  the  settling- 
boxes  beneath  the  vanners.  If  this  overflow  passes 
over  a  small  weir  in  the  washing  box,  or  is  drawn  off 
through  a  pipe,  the  stream  falling  into  the  settling 
box,  a  large  percentage  of  the  floating  slimes  and 
quicksilver  will  ascend  to  the  surface  of  the  water  of 
the  settling  tank  and  float  again,  being  eventually 
lost.  If,  however,  the  pipe  from  the  washing  box  be 
made  to  discharge  beneath  the  surface  of  the  water 
the  slimes  will  settle  to  the  bottom  of  the  box,  where 
they  may  be  recovered. 

Dies  having  an  outwardly  flaring  base  are  a  nui- 
sance to  handle  in  the  battery.  All  shoes  and  dies  of 
whatever  material  should  be  of  uniform  size,  having 
shanks  of  equal  dimensions,  but  they  are  not  found  to 
be  cast  in  this  way.  For  some  reason  difficult  to  ex- 
plain mill  founders  appear  to  think  that  having  fur- . 
nished  a  mill  they  will  ever  after  be  called  upon  to 
supply  the  shoes  and  dies,  and  to  still  further  enhance 
their  chance  of  getting  this  business,  cast  the  boss- 
heads  and  shoes  a  little  different  from  any  other. 
The  result  often  is  that  in  a  single  district  where 
there,  may  be  a  dozen  or  more  mills  no  two  have 
exactly  the  same  shaped  shanks  on  their  mill  shoes, 
and  consequently  the  shoes  are  not  interchangeable 
rom  one  mill  to  another.  There  should  be  estab- 
lished a  standard  size  for  the  shanks  of  mill  shoes, 
that  all  should  be  of  uniform  size  regardless  of  the 
weight  of  stamp,  boss,  stem  and  tappet. 

Sizing  of  battery  pulp  before  sending  it  to  concen- 
trating machines  produces  better  results  than  can  be 
had  by  sending  the  pulp  to  two  machines  without 
sizing,  which  is  generally  the  practice.  It  is  not 
reasonable  to  expect  to  separate  slimes  and  coarse 
sulphurets  from  gangue  mineral  in  a  single  opera- 
tion, with  a  given  grade,  fixed  amount  of  water  and 
certain  number  of  vibrations  of  the  machine. 


Alluvial  Deposits  of  Horsefly,  B.  C. 

Written -for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  M.  Brewer. 

The  Horsefly  river,  in  the  southeastern  portion  of 
the  Cariboo  mining  district,  B.  C,  flows  for  some  dis- 
tance from  its  source  in  a  westerly  direction,  thence 


The  history  of  the  Horsefly  country  is  particularly 
interesting,  from  the  fact  that  the  same  party  of 
prospectors  who  discovered  Hill's  Bar,  the  first  im- 
portant discovery  of  gold  on  the  Fraser  river,  in  1858, 
also  discovered  placer  gold  on  the  Horsefly  river  dur- 
ing the  same  year  and  blazed  the  trail  into  the  Cari- 
boo mining  country  proper. 

During  the  late  fall  of  1901  important  discoveries  of 


northerly,  and  empties  into  the  great  Quesnelle  lake. 
The  section  of  country  drained  by  it  is  a  vast  plateau, 
its  elevation  ranging  from  2000  feet  to  3000  feet  above 
sea  level. 

To  the  east,  about  50  miles  distant,  is  situated  the 
Selkirk  range  of  mountains,  and  to  the  west,  about 
the  same  distance,  is  the  Fraser  river.  To  the  south 
lie  the.  agricultural  lands  of  the  Lac  la  Hache  valley, 
and  the  stock  ranges  contiguous  to  it,  and  to  the 
north  the  Cariboo  mountains  and  the  placer  mining 
section. 


placer  gold  were  reported  to  have  been  made  in  the 
mountains  to  the  eastward  and  near  the  head  of  the 
Horsefly  river.  These  reports  caused  a  small  stam- 
pede; but  as  no  phenomenally  rich  diggings  were 
found,  and  the  country  proved  a  difficult  one  to  get 
into,  the  excitement  died  out,  and  that  section  still 
remains  unexplored. 

The  geology  of  the  Horsefly  territory  is  particu- 
larly interesting.  To  the  south  lies  an  extensive  area 
of  basaltic  rocks.  The  rock  formations  in  the  area 
containing  the   auriferous  gravel  deposits  belong  to 


October  31,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


285 


the  Tertiary  period,  ami  within  thai  area  occur  the 
channels  of  ancient  Miocene  rivers  of  stupendous  pro- 
portions.    Underlying   the   basalt,    in  places,  occur 

beds  of  white  quartz,  water-worn  gravel.  At  mi,' 
point  on  an  ancient  river  channel  a  shaft  has  hen. 
sunk  to  a  depth  of -iso  feet  without  reaching  bedrock. 
The  rimrock  was  cut  into  at  the  bottom  of  this  shaft, 
and  the  shaft  continued  down  ait   feet  into  the 


the  drifting  system.  One  peculiar  feature  about  this 
very  deep  channel,  at  the  particular  point  where  it 
was  attacked,  was  the  fact  that,  while  thegravel 
carried  such  low  values,  yet  the  work  was  don,  be- 
cause it  iias  supposed  that  that  portion  of  the  chan- 
nel was  an  extension  of  a  channel  immediately  to  the 
north,  where  i-  located  the  Ward  claim,  which  has 

yielded  very  rich  pay.  over  a    surface   area   covering 


ing  the  present  course  of  the  river  as  is  being  worked 
at  the  ward  claim;   the  bedrock  at  both  places  is  of 

tin-  same  character    of    shale   and   is    encountered   at 

about  150  feet  the  same  depth  below  the  present 
surface  and  the  auriferous  material,  which  carries 
values  from  the  surface  down,   appears  similar  and 

is   reported  to  carry  about    the   same   values  at    bed 
rock. 


SCENES  IN  THE  OPERATION  OF  THE  CARIBOO  HYDRAULIC  MINING  COMPANY'S  PROPERTY,  BULLION,  CARIBOO  DISTRICT,  B.  C. 


which  formed  the  rimrock.  From  that  point  a  tunnel 
was  run  under  the  channel  and  an  upraise  made  into 
the  gravel.  There  apparently  occurred  the  bedrock, 
and  it  was  reported  that  the  gravel  prospected  and 
showed  good  pay;  but  the  influx  of  water  drove  out 
the  miners  and  afterwards  operations  were  aban- 
doned. This  shaft  was  sunk  through  white,  quartz 
(water-worn  gravel)  nearly  its  entire  depth,  but  as  it 
is  reported  that  the  gravel  carried  very  little  values 
above  the  bedrock,  it  would  have  been  necessary  to 
have  found  phenomenally  rich  pay  on  bedrock  to  have 
warranted  the  continuation  of  mining  operations  by 


about  forty  acres.  Although  the  character  of  the 
material  forming  the  bedrock  at  both  places  is  almost 
identical,  yet  it  is  doubtful  if  the  rimrock  can  be  traced 
from  one  to  the  other,  and  there  is  considerable  dif- 
ference in  the  character  of  the  auriferons  material; 
therefore,  it  appears  to  be  quite  possible  that  the 
deep  workings  to  the  south  are  located  on  a  separate 
and  distinct  channel  from  that  on  which  the  Ward 
claim  is  located.  Another  reason  for  this  conclusion 
is  that  in  following  up  the  course  of  the  present  river 
for  a  distance  of  5  miles  above  the  Ward  claim,  there 
occurs  apparently  the  same  ancient  channel  parallel- 


The  course  of  this  ancient  channel  appears  to  con- 
form closely  to  the  course  of  the  present  river,  which 
in  many  places  has  apparently  intersected  the  an- 
cient channel.  This  condition  is  shown  at  the  Ward 
claim,  where  the  owner,  in  working  on  the  ancient 
channel,  has  more  than  once  completely  changed  the 
present  course  of  the  stream  in  order  to  work  the 
channel  on  the  opposite  side. 

The  Horsefly  portion  of  the  Cariboo  district  pre- 
sents a  marked  difference  with  regard  to  the  avail- 
able water  supply  for  carrying  on  extensive  hydraulic 
workings   to   the   Quesnelle  Forks  portion.     Mussel 


286 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


October  31,  1903. 


creek,  a  tributary  of  the  Horsefly,  which  has  its  con- 
fluence with  that  river,  a  short  distance  south  from 
the  Ward  claim/will  furnish  from 4000  to  6000 miner's 
inches  of  water  during  the  entire  season  of  seven 
months,  and  that  taken  out  from  the  creek  within  5 
miles  of  its  mouth.  There  are  two  systems  of  canals 
constructed  from  this  creek,  one  having  a  length  of 
about  6  miles,  the  other  about  12  miles.  The  first  one. 
carries  the  water  supply  for  hydraulic  operations  at 
Ward's  claim,  while  the  second  carries  the  water  for 
hydraulic  operations  at  the  Horsefly  hydraulic  mines, 
5  miles  northerly  from  Ward's. 

The  last-mentioned  canal  is  interrupted  in  two 
places  by  8000  feet  of  30-inch  pipe  laid  in  the  form  of 
inverted  syphons,  to  carry  the  water  across  two  de- 


Until  the  early  90s  this  property  was  worked  by 
the  hydraulic  method  and  about  $150,000  produced. 

In  working  by  the  hydraulic  process,  as  the  bed- 
rock was  followed  towards  the  south,  it  was  found 
that  the  gravel  immediately  overlaying  the  bedrock 
had  become  cemented  so  hard  that  it  was  impossible 
to  successfully  attack  it  with  water  under  pressure; 
consequently,  a  10-stamp  mill  was  erected  and  a  sys- 
tem of  drift  mining  introduced.  A  main  tunnel  was 
run  from  the  hydraulic  cut  towards  the  south,  the 
mouth  of  this  tunnel  being  connected  with  the  mill, 
which  was  built  near  the  bank  of  the  river,  by  a  cov- 
ered track.  From  the  main  tunnel  drifts  were  run 
towards  the  east  and  west  and  the  body  of  cement 
blocked  off  into  squares. 


.Afap  of 

Horse  F/y  Hyatmuiic  Mine 

JVn&-r  Sufrp/j  ■  Systrni 


Can' boo    D>  strict^ 
T///ocet    D '/strict 


pressions  180  feet  in  depth. 

So  far  as  one  can  judge  from  the  results  of  oper- 
ations in  both  placer  and  hydraulic  mining,  it  would 
appear  that  the  area  containing  auriferous  gravel  in 
paying  quantities  is  comparatively  limited  in  extent 
in  this  particular  portion  of  the  Cariboo  district. 
But  there  are  extensive  areas  of  the  ancient  river 
channels  which  have  not  been  exploited.  One  of  the 
principal  reasons  for  this  is  the  great  depth  to  the 
bedrock  and  another  is  the  lack  of  dumpage  facilities. 
In  consequence  of  this  latter  reason  the  alluvial  de- 
posits would  have  to  be  attacked,  either  by  drift  min- 
ing, as  has  been  done  at  the  Horsefly  hydraulic  mine, 
or  by  a  method  of  elevating  the  tailings,  as  is  prac- 
ticed at  Ward's  claim,  or  by  dredge  mining,  which- 
latter  has  not  yet  been  introduced  into  this  portion  of 
the  Province. 

The  Horsefly  hydraulic  mine  affords  an  excellent 
opportunity  for  studying  systematic  drift  mining,  as 
will  be  seen  from  the  accompanying  map  of  the  un- 
derground workings.     (See  Fig.  1.) 


It  was  found  that,  in  driving  the  main  working  tun- 
nel to  the  south,  the  bedrock  continued  at  variable 
angles,  and  sometimes  at  almost  45°,  indicating  that 
the  workings  have  not  reached  the  bed  of  the  chan- 
nel, but  are  probably  on  the  northern  rim  of  what 
may  be  an  extensive  alluvial  deposit  belonging  to  an 
ancient  channel.  During  the  progress  of  opening 
up  the  mine  for  operations  by  drifting  and  milling 
process,  9901  tons  of  cemented  gravel,  bedrock,  etc., 
mined  from  the  various  drifts,  were  run  through  the 
company's  stamp  mill  and  produced  $14,564.21 — an 
average  of  about  $1.46  per  ton.  The  extent  of  the 
development  is  1200  feet  main  tunnel  and  3165  feet 
of  working  crosscuts  and  drifts,  which  have  been 
driven  at  right  angles  to  the  main  tunnel. 

During  the  drifting  operations  on  this  property  it 
seems,  from  the  manager's  report,  that  about  25%  of 
the  material  mined  was  free  gravel,  which  it  was  not 
necessary  to  run  through  the  mill  in  order  to  save  its 
values. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Notes  on  Quartz  Milling  on  the  Rand.* 

Written  by  Fraser  Alexander. 

Millmen  are  not  taxed  with  a  theoretical  and  an 
actual  output.  The  millman  is  at  peace  with  all  the 
world  so  long  as  he  is  doing  big  duty  and  has  no  stop- 
pages. If  he  had  a  chain  round  his  neck  with  a  heavy 
weight  at  the  end  of  it  labelled  "daily  residue," 
"  theo.  and  actual  output,"  to  drag  about  every 
hour  of  the  day  as  cyanide  men  have  to  do,  I  should 
not  be  in  the  unpleasant  position  of  throwing  this 
accusation  at  them.  In  discussing  theoretical  and 
actual,  it  will  probably  be  said  that  it  is  impossible, 
owing  to  the  difficulty  of  sampling.  Mr.  Eoskelly 
has  shown  us  that  this  difficulty  can  be  overcome, 
and  I  am  convinced  that  once  this  method  is  adopted, 
and  the  mill  is  called  upon  to  account  for  the  gold 
according  to  asssy  results,  the  millmen  will  soon  find 
means  of  taking  accurate  samples,  and  see  that  their 
tonnage  is  correct,  and  I  should  expect  that  daily 
free  milling  assays  will  be  made,  not  occasionally  for 
curiosity.  In  fact,  what  is  desired  is  that  the  mill 
should  look  upon  the  cyanide  plant  as  a  residue 
dump,  in  the  way  that  the  cyanide  works  look  upon 
their  dump,  and  not  allow  any  gold  to  go  there  if  pos- 
sible. Let  them  remember  that  a  grain  of  gold  that 
is  recoverable  in  the  mill,  if  allowed  to  pass  on  to  the 
cyanide  plant,  is  then  only  85%  of  a  grain,  for  that  is 
all  that  we  can  expect  to  recover. 

I  am  of  opmion  that,  if  we  are  to  obtain  that  much- 
to-be-desired  5%  extra  recovery  on  the  value  of  the 
ore  milled,  it  is  the  mill  that  will  be  the  means  of  ac- 
complishing it.  Whether  the  gold  is  finally  won  on 
the  cyanide  plant  or  not  it  will  still  be  the  mill  that 
brings  the  result  about,  for  it  will  be  due  to  a  better 
product  reaching  the  cyanide  plant,  thus  allowing 
better  recovery.  In  modern  cyanide  plants,  where 
there  is  ample  capacity,  it  can  be  claimed  that  nearly 
all,  if  not  all,  the  accessible  gold  is  dissolved,  and  in 
plants  to  be  erected  in  the  near  future  provision  will 
be  made  to  ensure  this.  Accepting  this  as  a  fact 
brings  us  to  a  point  where  there  is  little  hope  of  any 
great  improvement  under  present  conditions,  but 
under  changed  milling  conditions  there  is  a  very 
promising  future.  To  illustrate  what  I  mean  I  give 
you  the  history  of  a  concentrate  residue. 

During  the  war  the  Boer  Government  worked  the 
Bonanza  cyanide  plant,  and  on  the  occupation  of  the 
British  the  tanks  were  left  full  and  treatment  was 
completed  on  behalf  of  the  company  on  my  return  to 
the  mine  in  July,  1900.  A  wooden  vat,  containing 
coarse  sands  and  concentrates,  was  sampled  and  the 
residue  was  found  to  be  3.5  dwts.  KCy  solution  was 
circulated  continuously  through  the  vat  in  order  to 
prevent  the  wooden  vat  from  drying  and  opening  out. 
In  the  following  November  the  vat  was  again  sam- 
pled and  the.  result  was  found  to  be  practically  the 
same. 

It  was  again  sampled  when  discharged  in  August, 
1901,  it  still  having  been  under  solution,  and  the  value 
was  still  the  same.  I  used  this  residue  as  a  filter  for 
slime  solutions,  and  for  another  four  months  solution 
carrying  0.02%  KCy  was  constantly  filtering  through; 
and  yet,  on  again  sampling,  approximately  the  same 
value  was  found.  In  all,  this  residue  had  been  treated 
from  May,  1900,  to  December,  1901,  without  improved 
extraction,  a  proof  that  none  of  that  3. 5  dwts.  could 
be  recovered  by  a  solvent  unless  the  imprisoned  gold 
was  released.  Further,  I  can  state,  from  a  great 
number  of  residues  investigated,  that  without  excep- 
tion, after  panning  off  the  sulphides,  the  coarser  the 
particles  the  higher  the  gold  contents;  but  this  law 
does  not  hold  good  with  originals,  in  which  it  is  not 
unusual  that  the  finest  portions  will  give  the  highest 
assay  value. 

Under  present  conditions  millmen  are  urged  on  and 
pitted  one  against  another  to  smash  as  big  a  tonnage 
through  as  possible  without  consideration  as  to  the 
effect  on  gold  extraction.  We  want  to  learn  whether 
it  is  not  more  profitable  to  mill  less,  crush  finer,  and 
whether  the  extra  recovery  resulting  from  this 
change  would  not  more  than  pay  for  extra  stamps  to 
make  up  for  decreased  tonnage.  There  are  so  many 
points  from  which  this  phase  of  the  subject  can  be 
discussed;  for  instance,  would  it  be  better  to  take 
the  pulp  leaving  the  mortar  boxes  and  pass  it  direct 
to  a  grinding  machine,  or  to  separate,  by  means  of 
classifiers,  the  particles  requiring  grinding,  before 
amalgamation  or  afterwards  ?  It  would  appear  to 
be  better  to  do  so  before,  for,  if  done  afterwards,  the 
reground  portion  would  have  to  pass  over  the  plates 
for  the  second  time.  Is  it  not  likely  that  it  is  the 
coarser  particles  that  help  to  scour  the  plates  ? 

Regarding  mercury  losses  and  flouring  of  amalgam, 
a  very  interesting  fact  has  come  under  my  notice.  It 
happened  in  a  mine  where  inside  amalgamation  is 
used.  The  pulp  leaving  the  mill  is  lifted  by  a  pump 
40  feet  in  a  vertical  column  and  then  passed  on  to  the 
usual  spitzlutten,  from  there  over  sand  spitzkasten, 
across  a  large  return  sand  spitzkasten,  and  so  to  the 
slime  separator  spitzkasten.  Small  cast-iron  hollow 
plug  valves  are  used  for  the  discharge  of  this  slime 
spitzkasten,  and  they  are  continually  getting  choked 
up  with  hard,  bright,  clean  amalgam.      Some  of  this 

*  Abstract  Journal  Cnem.,  Met.  and  Min.  Society.  S.  A. 


October  31,   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press 


287 


chipped  "H   the  valves  was  found  to  contain  22%  of 

gold.  Also  in  the  same  tank  Peal  valves  are 
and  twice  since  the  war  they  have  been  renewed 
owing  to  mercury  amalgamating  with  the  copper 
that  faces  tin-  valves,  thus  rendering  the  copper  so 
brittle  that  it  breaks  away  and  the  valve  cannot  be 
kept  from  leaking  It  seems  an  extraordinary  fact 
that  amalgam  should  be  able  to  travel  so  far  and  pass 
or  float  across  spitzkasten  that  will  .settle'  the  small 
est  and  lightest  particles  of  sands.  In  connection 
with  tins,  in  the  first  spizlutte,  where  one  would  ex- 
pect all  the rcury  to  be  caught,  although  mercury 

is  caught  in  an  appreciable  quantity,  this  carries 
little  gold,  no  more  than  2%.  The  explanation  of 
this.  1  suggest,  might  be  that  the  mercury  caught  in 
the  spitzlutte  is  mercury  that  is  washed  fiv  spilt  off 
the  plates  during  dressing,  and  the  amalgam  found 
on  the  slimes  plant  is  floured  amalgam.  With  my 
limited  knowledge  of  milling  I  should  not  like  to  ex- 
press  an  opinion  as  to  the  cause  of  the  amalgam 
escaping  in  the  finely  divided  state,  but  I  would  value 
millmen  s  opinions  on  this  interesting  fact.  I  often 
wonder  that  no  means  have  been  tried  or  experi- 
ments carried  out  to  attempt  to  prevent  this  loss. 
Perhaps  they  base,  but  1  am  not  aware  of  it.  The 
very  primitive  mercury  trap  in  general  use  cannot  be 
considered  the  only  possible  means  of  dealing  with 
this.  A.  M.  Day  of  the  Nigel  tells  of  an  interesting 
fact  in  connection  with  this  matter.  By  using  a 
discarded  vanner  for  the  purpose,  he  shows  a  recov- 
ery in  thirteen  months  of  14,0S2:j  ounces  amalgam,  an 
average  of  1083  ounces  per  month,  equal  to  300 
ounces  gold  per  month.  It  almost  looks  from  this 
that  even  the  expensive  vanner  plant  might  give  a 
good  return  on  the  money  for  equipment  on  a  mine  of 
twenty  years'  life.  I  think,  however,  that  millmen 
may  be  relied  upon  to  find  means  to  prevent  this  loss 
as  soon  as  they  realize  the  necessity.  I  call  these 
"losses,"  for  gold  in  the  form  of  amalgam  in  the  cya- 
nide plant  is  only  to  a  very  limited  extent  attacked 
by  KCy  solutions. 

It  is  to  the  advantage  of  the  cyanide  plant  that 
millmen  should  use  every  endeavor  to  keep  the  mill  at 
a  constant  weight,  not  at  one  time  heavy  and  at  an- 
other time  light.  Cannot  renewal  of  shoes  be  ar- 
ranged so  that  the  mill  shall  at  all  times  be  of  a  regu- 
lar average  weight  ?  In  connection  with  this,  I  have 
found  that  the  product  reaching  the  cyanide  plant 
from  a  heavy  mill  is  different  from  the  product  when 
the  mill  is  light,  although  using  the  same  screening. 
With  the  mill  heavy  there  is  a  higher  percentage  of 
coarse  particles.  This,  I  know,  accounts  for  some  of 
the  otherwise  inexplicable  difference  in  residue  values 
on  the  cyanide  plant.  When  there  is  found  suddenly 
an  increase  in  value  of  residues,  there  being  no  change 
in  the  ore  milled,  on-investigating  the  residue  to  de- 
termine where  the  gold  is,  in  my  experience  this  will 
generally  be  the  cause — the  product  will  have  changed. 

I  should  like  to  know  from  millmen  whether  they 
have  any  experience  of  counter-weights  being  fixed 
to  the  stems  to  make  up  for  wear  and  tear  of  shoes. 
Has  this  been  tried  ?  It  seems  feasible.  Could  not 
a  quick  way  of  fixing  varying  counter- weights  on  the 
stem  be  devised  ?  If  not,  why  ?  I  believe  a  shoe  in 
its  first  week  of  life  will  crush,  say,  half  a  ton  per  day 
more  than  in  its  last  week  of  life.  If  this  difference  is 
due  merely  to  loss  of  weight  then  a  great  gain  could 
be  attained  by  adding  counter-weights  to  make  up  the 
difference. 

Another  question  of  importance  to  the  cyanide 
works  is  the  varying  quantity  of  water  used.  I  know 
of  a  case  where  the  cyanide  men  knew  who  was  on 
shift  in  the  mill  by  the  quantity  of  water  used.  One 
man  in  particular  used  water  so  much  in  excess  of 
his  fellow  shiftsmen  that  when  he  was  on  duty  the 
launders  were  always  flooded  and  overflowing.  It 
seems  to  me  that  there  must  be  a  correct  quantity, 
and  too  much  might  mean  a  serious  loss  to  the  mill, 
and  too  little,  loss  of  efficiency.  Mr.  Harland  of  the 
Robinson  mine  has  a  very  simple  system,  in  fact,  so 
obvious  that  I  cannot  understand  why  it  is  not  uni- 
versal in  mills.  He  has  two  valves  to  the  mortar 
box  and  a  steady  head  of  water  to  the  mill.  One 
valve  is  set  by  him  to  the  correct  amount  of  water 
and  afterwards  never  touched.  A  shiftman  shutting 
off  water  for  dressing  plates  or  other  cause  merely 
closes  the  second  valve,  which  shuts  the  water  off; 
and  on  restarting  the  battery  all  he  has  to  do  is  to 
open  this  valve.  The  valve  in  front  being  always  set, 
there  is  no  waste  of  time  by  men  standing  adjusting 
the  quantity  of  water,  and  it  is  unnecessary  to  leave 
the  adjustment  to  the  shiftmen,  each  of  whom  may 
have  a  different  opinion  as  to  the  correct  amount  and 
so  cause  varying  quantities.  The  objection  to  this 
variation  on  the  cyanide  plant  is  that  the  spitzlutten 
are  set  and  depend  to  a  great  extent  for  classifica- 
tion on  the  volume  of  water  passing  through  the  ma- 
chine. Varying  quantities  of  water  will,  therefore, 
give  varying  percentages  of  sands  classified.  On  the 
slime  plant  it  is  a  great  inconvenience,  for,  if  using 
an  automatic  lime  feeder,  the  machine  has  to  be  con- 
stantly adjusted.  It  is  found  that  it  is  useless  to  add 
lime  in  excess  of  what  will  bring  the  pulp  to  .005% 
alkalinity.  If  the  machine  is  adjusted  to  accomplish 
this  at  a  time  when  a  large  quantity  of  water  is  being 
used,  and  later  the  water  is  diminished  and  yet 
carries  the  same  quantity  of  slime,  lime  is  being  used 
without  advantage,  and  so  adds  to  the  costs.  Excess 
of  alkalinity  has  also  other  serious  disadvantages, 
which  it  is  unnecessary  to  go  into  here. 


Another  point  1  have  noticed  which  1  think  will  in- 
terest millmen:  At  times  coarse  pebbles  in  some 
quantity  will  reach  us,  from  the  size  of  a  pea,  due  to 
broken  screens;  and  also,  where  inside  amalgamation 
is  osed,  these  partly  crushed  pieces  escape  out  of  the 
mortar  box  when  screens  are  off  to  allow  of  getting 
at  inside  coppers.  These  pebbles  are  then  washed  off 
the  plate  and  reach  the  cyanide  plant.  <  >n  sieving 
them  from  the  sands  I  have  found  them  of  consider 

able  higher  value  than  the  ore  milled.  The  only  ex- 
planation of  this  thai  occurs  to  me  is  that  it  is  due  to 
the  heavy  particles  having  seoured  amalgam  and 
picked  it  up  ill  their  journey  across  the  amalgamated 
plates.       It  would   be  a   very  simple  matter  to  eateh 

this  product  before  reaching  the  cyanide  plant  and 
to  return  it  to  the  mortar  box.  If  these  particles 
rob  the  plates  it  must  also  be  remembered  that  not 
only  is  there  this  loss  of  amalgam,  but  the  cyanide 
plant  will  get  but  little  recovery  from  these  pebbles, 
the  gold  being  imprisoned  in  such  coarse  particles 
that  solution  u  ill  not  reach  it. 

Men  on  the  Cyanide  plant  are  naturally  more  fa- 
miliar than  millmen  with  the  product  leaving  the  mill, 
for  il  is  on  this  that  the  attention  of  the  cyanide  men 
is  centered.  Therefore  we  should  endeavor  to  bring 
before  millmen  as  much  light  as  possible  on  this  sub- 
ject. The  man  in  the  mill  has  little  or  no  opportunity 
of  studying  the  pulp;  he  is  confined  to  the  mill,  and 
his  time  and  attention  are  fully  occupied  in  keeping 
his  mill  and  plates  in  order.  On  the  cyanide  plant 
we  see  the  product  in  all  its  separate  conditions,  and 
it  should  be  our  business  to  keep  millmen  informed  of 
our  observations.  As  I  before  stated,  I  believe  the 
millman  has  a  more  promising  future  before  him  than 
the  cyanide  man.  Improved,  changed  conditions  of 
milling  are,  I  believe,  the  only  means  that  will  realize 
our  ambition  —  another  5%  recovery  bringing  the 
total  recovery  to  from  95%'  to  96%  as  against  our 
present  90%  to  91%. 


Deitz  Electric  Rock  Drill. 


A  new  electric  rock  drill  known  as  the  Deitz  elec- 
tric rock  drill  is  being  placed  upon  the.  market  and  is 
illustrated  herewith.  The  manufacturers  of  this  drill 
claim  that  the  construction  is  such  that  the  piston 
carrying  the  drill  steel  is   completely  released  from 


Consumption  of  Zinc  in  Cyanide  Plants.* 

i...  u  ,  i  1 1  a  m    V  tiHJOj . 

In  considering  the  consumption  of  zinc  on  any  cya- 
nide plant,  where  zinc  in  a  filiform  condition  is  used 
as  a  precipitating  agent,  it  will  be  observed  that  the 
consumption  of  zinc  is  always  in  very  large  excess 
over  that  amount  theoretically  required  for  the  pre- 
cipitation of  the  metals  obtained  in  the  product.     It 

will  also  be  observed  that  this  loss  or  consumption  of 
zinc  is  due  to  two  causes,  the  one  mechanical,  the 
other  chemical.     There  is  a  loss  of  zinc  mechanically 

In  cleaning  up  metallic  zinc  with  the  deposited  metals 
in  the  product,  and  there  is  a  chemical  loss  owing  to 
zinc  being  dissolved  ill  the  cyanide  solution  in  excess 
over  what  is  actually  required  for  the  precipitation 
of  metals. 

It  is  customary  to  record  the  consumption  of  zinc 
in  pounds  or  ounces  per  ton  of  ore  treated,  or  in 
kilos  per  metric  ton,  if  the  metric  system  be  used. 
Such  a  record  is  sufficient  when  calculating  working 
costs,  but  on  the  plant  the  chemist  should  record  the 
consumption  of  zinc  not  only  per  ton  of  ore  treated, 
but  also  per  unit  of  solution  flowing  through  the 
boxes,  and  should  record  the  loss  under  the  two 
heads  of  loss  by  mechanical  means  and  loss  by  chemi- 
cal means.  Such  additional  records,  though  they 
may  not  be  absolutely  accurate,  yet  will  be  approxi- 
mately so,  and  will  afford  a  great  deal  of  information 
that  is  valuable  and  interesting. 

By  mechanical  loss  is  meant  that  loss  or  consump- 
tion of  zinc  involved  in  the  removal  of  zinc  from  the 
extractor  boxes  in  the  product,  whether  as  metafiles 
or  slimes,  during  the  process  of  cleaning  up.  By 
chemical  loss  is  meant  that  amount  of  zinc  dissolved 
by  the  solution  flowing  through  the  boxes  which  is 
represented  more  or  less  accurately  by  the  difference 
between  the  zinc  removed  in  the  product  and  the 
amount  of  zinc  found  necessary  to  refill  the  boxes 
after  the  cleanup. 

The  causes  which  govern  the  consumption  of  zinc 
on  any  plant  should  be  most  carefully  considered,  be- 
cause a  heavy  consumption  of  zinc  not  only  increases 
the  cost  of  treatment  of  the  ore,  but,  if  the  loss  be 
largely  mechanical,  it  increases  the  cost  of  reduction 


Deitz  Electric  Rock  Drill. 


the  driving  mechanism  before  striking  the  rock;  that 
this  prevents  the  concussion  from  being  transmitted 
to  the  mechanism,  and  thus  thoroughly  overcomes 
and  prevents  breakdowns.  The  manufacturers  also 
claim  that  they  have  had  these  drills  in  steady  use 
now  for  a  year  past  in  different  mines  under  different 
conditions,  and  the  results  have  in  every  case  ex- 
ceeded their  most  sanguine  expectations.  The  min- 
ing world  is  interested  in  the  development  of  rock- 
drilling  by  electric  power,  and  if  this  drill  will  do 
what  the  manufacturers  claim  it  will  certainly  merit 
endorsement.  The  drill  is  being  manufactured  and 
for  sale  by  the  Deitz  Electric  Drill  &  Machinery  Co., 
1606  Blake  street,  Denver  Colo. 

Iron  ore  is  not  a  good  precipitant  for  copper  from 
its  solutions.  Scrap  iron,  particularly  sheet  scrap, 
including  tin  scrap,  is  the  best  known  material  for 
this  purpose.  The  "  cement  "  copper  obtained  is  not 
absolutely  pure,  but  is  of  good  grade.  Copper  may 
be  precipitated  from  solutions  emanating  from  roasted 
ore  heaps  or  from  solutions  which  are  the  result  of 
treating  naturally  oxidized  ores  by  sulphuric  acid 
process. 


of  the  product,  which,  owing  to  its  baseness,  requires 
refining  before  or  during  smelting,  and,  if  chemical, 
the  plant  solution  is  apt  to  contain  more  zinc  than  is 
advisable,  perhaps. 

Gold  product  is  always  much  baser  than  silver 
product,  and  the  expenses  of  reducing  such  product 
are,  therefore,  always  much  higher  per  ounce  of  fine 
metal  obtained  than  the  expenses  of  reducing  silver 
product  per  ounce  of  fine  metal.  The  reason  for  this 
is  obvious  enough:  Fifty  tons  of  solution,  containing 
25  ounces  of  gold,  may  flow  through  200  pounds  of  zinc 
in  twenty-four  hours,  and  deposit  25  ounces  of  gold, 
whereas  a  silver-bearing  solution  of  equal  amount 
and  value  would  deposit  some  1000  ounces,  and 
although  both  the  chemical  and  mechanical  consump- 
tion of  zinc  might  probably  be  higher  in  the  case  of 
the  deposition  of  the  silver,  yet  it  would  be  in  no  way 
proportionate  to  the  amount  of  fine  metal  deposited, 
and,  therefore,  the  resulting  product  would  be  of 
much  finer  grade. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  silver-bearing  solutions  require 
far  less  zinc  box  capacity  than  gold-bearing  solutions, 

*Joui\  Chem.  Met.  and  Min.  Soc,  S.  A.     (Condensed.) 


288 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31.  1903. 


and  the  consumption  of  zinc  per  ounce  of  fine  metal 
deposited  is  very  much  less.  Commonly,  with  gold- 
bearing  solutions,  the  consumption  of  zinc  is  in  the 
proportion  of  16  to  1  of  gold  deposited,  whereas  in 
the  case  of  silver-bearing  solutions  the  consumption 
may  be  in  the  proportion  of  1.3  of  zinc  to  1  of  silver 
deposited,  or  even  as  low  as  1  to  1,  which  propor- 
tions I  have  observed  from  figures  afforded  by  the 
practical  results  of  the  operation  of  various  plants  in 
Mexico  and  elsewhere. 

It  is  customary  on  most  cyanide  plants  when  mak- 
ing the  periodical  cleanups  to  class  the  product  under 
two  heads,  viz.,  metallics  and  fines,  the  fines  product 
being  such  material  that  admits  of  being  smelted 
direct  in  nearly  all  cases,  and  the  metallics  that  por- 
tion which  consists  of  broken  particles  of  zinc,  which 
are  in  too  fine  a  state  of  division  to  be  returned  to 
the  extractor  boxes,  and  which  cannot  be  generally 
smelted  to  advantage  without  some  preliminary 
treatment. 

Metallics  represent  that  part  of  the  product  which 
will  pass  through  the  screens  with  which  the  boxes 
are  provided,  and  which  is  retained  afterwards  on 
that  screen  by  which  the  fines  are  separated.  The 
sizes  of  these  two  screens  are  determined  by  what 
experience  dictates  as  most  suitable  and  economical. 
For  instance,  on  plants  where  the  product  is  very 
base  it  may  be  advisable  to  define  as  fines  that  por- 
tion of  the  product  that  will  pass  a  60-mesh  screen, 
experience  showing,  perhaps,  that  this  grade  of 
mesh  yields  the  best  product,  economically  speaking, 
for  direct  smelting;  and  it  may  be  advisable  to  deter- 
mine as  metallics  that  portion  of  the  product  which, 
passing  from  the  boxes  through  an  8-mesh  screen,  is 
retained  on  the  60-mesh. 

Metallics  which  are  likely  to  pack  and  hinder  the 
proper  flowing  of  the  solution  must  not  be  returned 
to  the  boxes,  neither  should  fines  be  produced  of  too 
base  a  character  by  the  use  of  too  coarse  a  screen 
for  direct  smelting.  On  some  plants  in  Mexico  the 
nature  of  the  product  cleaned  up  is  such  that  all  the 
product  which  passes  a  12-mesh  screen  can  be 
smelted  direct  with  ease,  and  no  metallics  are  pro- 
duced which  cannot  be  returned  to  the  boxes. 

Excessive  mechanical  losses  of  zinc  are  generally 
due  to  such  simple  causes  as: 

(a)  Unnecessary  handling  of  the  zinc  during  clean- 
ups, due  generally  to  a  desire  to  obtain  as  much 
product  as  possible,  by  scrubbing  and  rubbing  the 
zinc,  a  practice  that  cannot  be  too  strongly  con- 
demned. 

(b)  Care  not  being  taken  to  place  the  zinc  under 
water  directly  it  is  removed  from  the  boxes,  whereby 
it  oxidizes  very  rapidly  and  becomes  heated  and 
brittle. 

(c)  Uneven  flow  of  solutions  through  a  sponge  of 
zinc,  whereby  the  zinc  mass  or  sponge  becomes 
broken  up  through  holes  and  channels  being  bored 
through  it,  the  uneven  flow  being  generally  produced 
through  the  blocking  of  screens,  or  to  the  too  tight 
packing  of  the  zinc  in  the  boxes. 

(d)  The  zinc  threads  being  poorly  cut,  with  threads 
of  uneven  thickness,  the  gradual  wearing  down  of 
these  threads  producing  a  large  number  of  short 
pieces  of  zinc. 

(e)  An  excessive  amount  of  metallics  or  shorts  is 
likely  to  be  produced  where  large  bulks  of  very  weak 
solutions  flow  through  large  quantities  of  zinc,  depos- 
iting over  a  large  area  a  small  amount  of  the  pre- 
cious metals,  especially  when  the  zinc  is  hand-cut  in- 
stead of  being  cut  by  self-feeding  lathes. 

Excessive  chemical  losses  are  generally  due  to: 

(a)  Excessive  alkalinity  of  the  solution. 

(b)  Precipitation  of  base  metals,  such  as  copper, 
mercury,  manganese,  etc.,  on  the  zinc. 

(c)  Contact  of  the  zinc  in  the  boxes  with  unpro- 
tected iron  surfaces. 

It  is  also  observed  that  strong  solutions  of  cyanide 
flowing  through  zinc  will  produce  much  heavier  chem- 
ical losses  than  are  produced  by  weak  solutions. 

When  too  much  lime  is  used  on  a  plant  the  result  is 
very  noticeable  in  the  extractor  boxes,  a  too  vigor- 
ous evolution  of  hydrogen  being  in  evidence,  showing 
that  a  wasteful  solution  of  zinc  is  taking  place. 

The  precipitation  of  base  metals  naturally  causes 
the  chemical  consumption  of  an  equivalent  amount  of 
zinc  and  entails  a  waste  of  that  metal  by  inducing 
more  vigorous  electrolytic  action.  The  contact  of 
iron  with  the  zinc  in  the  form  of  unprotected  screens, 
iron  screen  frame  handles,  etc.,  acts  in  the  same  way. 

No  metal  is  more  destructive  than  mercury  when 
deposited  on  the  zinc,  as  it  rapidly  reduces  it  to  a 
pulpy  mass,  from  which  the  metallic  mercury  may  be 
largely  separated  by  squeezing  it  in  a  cloth.  I  have 
had  considerable  experience  with  this  metal  in  the 
treatment  of  old  pan  amalgamation  tailings  in 
various  parts  of  Mexico. 

Again,  the  consumption  of  zinc  per  ton  of  ore 
treated  will  depend  largely  upon  the  amount  of  solu- 
tion that  flows  through  the  boxes  in  comparison  with 
the  amount  of  ore  treated.  For  instance,  the  treat- 
ment of  a  slow-leaching  ore  may  be  attended  with  a 
very  low  zinc  consumption,  whereas  the  elimination 
of  slimes  from  such  an  ore  may  facilitate  its  leaching 
capabilities,  and,  more  solution  being  used,  the  con- 
sumption of  zinc  per  ton  of  ore  will  be  increased, 
although  the  actual  consumption  of  zinc  per  ton  of 
solution  flowing  through  the  boxes  may  remain  prac- 
tically the  same.  For  this  reason  I  always  consider 
it  advisable,  when  considering   the  consumption  of 


zinc  on  a  plant,  to  look  at  it  first  from  the  standpoint 
of  consumption  per  unit  of  solution  flowing  through 
the  boxes. 

There  is  no  doubt  in  my  mind  that  the  consumption 
of  zinc  on  any  given  plant  would  be  largely  decreased 
if  the  solutions  were  allowed  to  accumulate  a  certain 
degree  of  value  before  being  passed  through  the  zinc 
boxes,  in  which  case  it  would  be  advantageous  to  dis- 
place the  cyanide  solution  in  the  boxes  by  water, 
after  the  passage  of  the  solution  through  them,  to 
prevent  loss  of  zinc  through  its  being  needlessly  in 
contact  with  the  cyanide  solution ;  but  such  a  pro- 
cedure should  only  be  attempted  by  one  who  was  per- 
fectly familiar  in  every  detail  with  the.  chemical  fea- 
tures in  connection  with  the  plant  handled. 

Where  zinc  fume  is  used  as  a  precipitant  it  is  some- 
times the  case  to  allow  the  solution  to  accumulate 
values  before  being  agitated  with  the  zinc.  This 
method  is  very  effective  and  insures  a  minimum  time 
of  contact  between  a  minimum  quantity  of  zinc  and 
the  cyanide  solution.  Therefore  chemical  losses 
should  be  low,  although  the  exceedingly  fine  state  of 
division  of  the  particles  of  zinc  might  be  considered 
to  render  it  in  a  fit  condition  for  dissolving  very  rap- 
idly in  a  strongly  alkaline  solution.  The  chief  diffi- 
culties attending  its  use  appear  to  be  in  the  collect- 
ing of  the  precipitate  and  in  the  acid  treating  of  the 
collected  and  filter-pressed  material.  It  has  been 
urged  as  a  drawback  that  the  process  is  not  a  con- 
tinuous one,  but  if  two  gold  precipitation  tanks  be 
employed  the  method  is,  to  all  intents  and  purposes, 
continuous. 

Zinc  dust  is  used  in  several  plants  in  the  United 
States — at  the  Consolidated  Mercur  Co.'s  mill,  which 
is  the  largest  cyanide  plant  in  the  United  States,  at 
the  De  Lamar  mill  in  Idaho,  at  De  Lamar's  Nevada 
Gold  Mining  Co.'s  property  at  De  Lamar,  Nev.,  and 
elsewhere.  It  is  reported  that  the  process  is  suc- 
cessfully used  at  these  places.  Filter  presses  are 
used  at  the  De  Lamar  plant  in  Idaho,  where  the  con- 
sumption of  zinc  dust  is  stated  to  be  3  pounds  to  4 
pounds  per  ton  of  ore  treated.  At  the  mill  of  the 
Nevada  Gold  Mining  Co.  the  process  has  been  used 
for  several  years,  and  it  is  found  that  five  minutes  of 
agitation  of  the  solution  after  the  addition  of  the  pre- 
cipitant is  sufficient  for  complete  precipitation.  At 
this  plant  the  precipitate  is  collected  in  ordinary 
zinc  boxes,  the  compartments  of  which  are  filled  with 
oakum.  The  advantages  of  this  method  of  precipita- 
tion have  not  been  made  apparent  to  me  from  such 
data  as  I  have  been  able  to  procure  from  practical 
working  results,  and  several  mills  in  the  Black  Hills 
of  South  Dakota  have  discarded  this  method  in  favor 
of  the  ordinary  method  of  thread  precipitation. 


TABLE   A.— Sands  Plant:  64.4%  of  Pulp. 


Ton- 
nage. 

Product  Re- 
moved from 
Boxes. 

Total. 

Zinc 
Added 

Metal- 
lics, 
Kilos. 

Fines. 

Boxes, 
Kilos. 

October  

611.1 
684.3 
704  9 
646.1 

20.0 
38.7 
48.25 
44.95 

47.9 
53.5 
48.1 
41.8 

358.3 
354.5 
355.6 
328.9 

2646.4 

151.9 

191.3 

Slimes  Plant:  35.6%  of  Pulp. 


October  

363.5 
347.3 
396.0 
375.2 

101.0 
120.7 
125.5 
121.3 

59.3 
71.0 
73.3 
56.9 

192.7 
189.4 
198.0 
204.6 

1481.0 

468.5 

260.4 

718.9 

784.7 

Sands:    Tonnage,  2646.4 ;  consumption  of  zinc  per  ton  =  .52  kilo. 
Slimes:    Tonnage,  1481.0;  consumption  of  zinc  per  ton  =  .53  kilo. 


TABLE  B.— Sands  Plant,  Showing  the  Relative  Chemical 
and  Mechanical  Consumption  of  Zinc  on  Sands  and 
Slimes  Plants  for  the  Months  of  October,  November, 
December,  1901,  and  January,  1902. 


N 
CDs' 
o  a 
X 

a  ^ 
en  [> 

"   a 

rSro 

£:& 
p 

-    c+ 

•     O 

Zinc    Removed 

Prom  Boxes  in 

Form  of 

Product. 

H3 
o 

p 

O 

a  «  r* 

re      V 

■  o-o 

■  "4   M 

g 
a 
o 

p" 
F 

o 
w 

O 

CO 

B 

f 

3 

D 
CD 

o 

Oct.,  1901,  to  Jan.,  1902 

1397.3 
784.7 

147,6 

47.8 

195.4 

1201.9 

288,7 

13.9 
63.2 

86.1 

Slimes  Plant. 

Oct.,  1901,  to  Jan.,  1902 

454.9 

-11   ] 

496.0 

36.8 

6.4  ;  zinc  consumption  per 


Sands  Plant:    Total  tonnage  treated, 
ton,  .52  kilo. 

Slimes  Plant:    Total  tonnage  treated,  1481.0:  zinc  consumption  per 
ton,  .53  kilo. 


If  the  zinc  dust  method  is  the  better  method,  then 
the  sooner  it  displaces  zinc  thread  the  better,  for  the 
time  will  come  when  its  merits  will  be  recognized  and 
its  use  will  become  general.  But  the  process  is  grow- 
ing old,  and  the  patentees  cannot,  or  do  not,  con- 
vince the  cyanide  world  of  its  advantages  by  the  pub- 
lication of  practical  statistics  which  alone  appeal 
to  it. 

A  plant  in  the  State  of  Mexico  treats  660  tons  per 
month  of  sands  and  390  tons  of  slimes,  the  product  of 
a  15-stamp  wet  crushing  battery.  The  consumption 
of  zinc  on  both  is  practically  the  same,  viz.,  .5  kilo, 
or  1.1  pound  per  ton  of  ore.  Table  A  shows  tonnage 
treated  and  the  amount  of  product  removed  from  the 


boxes  and  the  amount  of  zinc  added  to  the  boxes  over 
a  period  of  four  months.  It  will  be  observed  that  the 
amount  of  zinc  added  to  the  sands  plant  boxes  during 
the  four  months  was  1397.3  kilos  and  the  amount  of 
product  removed  was  343.2  kilos,  of  which  151.9  kilos 
represented  metallics  and  191.3  kilos  represented 
fines.  Again,  it  will  be  observed  that  the  amount  of 
zinc  added  to  the  slimes  plant  boxes  was  784.7  kilos 
and  718.9  kilos  of  product  were  removed  from  the 
boxes,  458.5  kilos  being  metallics  and  260.4  being 
fines. 

Inasmuch  as  the  zinc  consumption  per  ton  of  sands 
is  practically  the  same  as  the  zinc  consumption  per 
ton  of  slimes,  viz.,  0.52  kilo,  as  compared  with  0.53 
kilo,  it  is  evident  that  there  is  a  heavy  mechanical 
loss  of  zinc  in  the  slimes  boxes  and  a  light  chemical 
loss  as  compared  with  the  mechanical  and  chemical 
losses  on  the  sands  plant.  To  arrive  at  some  idea  of 
these  two  losses  on  the  two  plants,  the  following  must 
be  considered: 

The  value  of  the.  metallics  produced  on  the  sands 
plant  is  about  3.6  times  the  value  of  those  produced 
on  the  slimes  plant  in  bullion  contents.  For  instance, 
50.3  kilos  of  sands  plant  metallics  were,  found  to  con- 
tain 16.8  ounces  gold  and  30.7  ounces  silver,  and  184.4 
kilos  of  slimes  plant  metallics  were  found  to  contain 
18.5  ounces  gold  and  38.3  ounces  silver. 

The  exact  values  of  the  metallics  produced  sepa- 
rately on  the  two  plants  during  the  period  mentioned 
is  not  known,  as  the  metallics  of  the  two  plants  are 
treated  together  during  the  process  of  reduction  and 
smelting,  but  it  is  safe  to  assume  the  data  yielded  by 
the  above  figures  as  correctly  indicative  of  their 
respective  values. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Annealing  and  Case  Hardening  Tool  Steel. 

In  annealing  tool  steel  in  small  lots  in  an  ordinary 
blacksmith's  fire  my  method  is  to  cut  the  steel  to  the 
desired  length  and  heat  it  evenly  and  thoroughly  to 
a  good  red  heat,  but  not  hot  enough  to  scale  it, 
says  E.  A.  Spaulding,  in  Sparks  From  the  Anvil. 
The  work  is  best  done  in  a  hollow  or  mound  fire, 
which  is  made  by  packing  wet  coal  on  the  fire  until 
a  good  mound  is  formed,  when  an  opening  is  made  in 
front,  of  a  size  large  enough  to  admit  the  steel  that 
is  to  be  annealed.     Such  a  fire  is  practically  an  oven. 

When  the  coal  is  well  charred  the  steel  is  put  in  and 
heated  up  slowly  and  thoroughly,  care  being  taken 
that  it  shall  not  get  above  a  good  red.  The  steel  is 
then  put  in  a  bed  of  ground  wood  charcoal  in  a  box 
to  cool.  My  annealing  box  is  made  of  cast  iron,  4 
feet  long,  15  inches  wide  and  12  inches  deep.  This  is 
filled  about  two-thirds  full  of  the  charcoal  dust.  If 
quite  small  pieces  are  to  be  annealed,  I  heat  them  in 
an  iron  pipe  2J  inches  diameter,  plugged  at  one  end, 
the  pieces  being  packed  in  with  charcoal  and  all 
heated  together.  When  thoroughly  heated,  the  pipe, 
with  its  contents,  is  placed  in  the  charcoal  dust  in  the 
box  to  cool. 

Small  pieces  if  placed  in  cold  charcoal,  without  the 
protection  of  the  pipe,  will  come  out  imperfectly  an- 
nealed and  with  more  or  less  hard  spots.  I  have 
used  lime  to  some  extent  for  cooling,  but  do  not  like 
it  as  well  as  coal  dust,  as  it  does  not  retain  the  heat 
as  long.  Some  persons  complain  that  cooling  in  lime 
puts  hard  "pins"  and  "streaks"  in  steel,  but  I  do 
not  think  any  trouble  will  arise  on  this  score  if  the 
piece  be  large  enough  to  heat  up  the  lime;  if,  how- 
ever, the  piece  is  rather  small,  it  is  better  to  heat  it 
packed  in  a  pipe  and  cool  it  as  above  mentioned.  I 
have  had  very  good  results  from  this  mode  of  treat- 
ment. 

For  case-hardening  we  use  prussiate  of  potash, 
pulverized  and  mixed  with  fine  salt,  about  equal 
parts.  We  heat  the  pieces  to  be  hardened,  apply 
the  potash  and  immerse  while  it  is  flowing.  I  wish 
to  emphasize  this.  Many  smiths  hold  the  piece  until 
the  potash  is  burned  otf.  This  is  a  mistake.  It 
should  be  dipped  while  the  potash  is  in  a  liquid  state, 
as  otherwise  the  piece  will  not  come  out  as  hard  as 
it  should.  If  we  want  a  piece  very  hard  we  some- 
times use  cyanide  of  potassium,  and  heat  in  an  ordi- 
nary forge  fire,  but  this  method  is  resorted  to  only 
when  there  are  but  a  few  pieces  to  be  hardened. 

We  very  often  have  pieces  to  harden,  such  as  steps, 
centers,  cups  and  tracers,  which  require  to  be  soft 
on  one  end  so  that  they  can  be  riveted  after  harden- 
ing. For  this  purpose  we  use  "  carburizer. "  the 
pieces  are  packed  in  a  box  made  for  the  purpose, 
about  5x3x11  inches  deep. 

A  layer  of  carburizer  is  put  in  first;  then  the  pieces 
are  placed  in  the  box,  with  the  ends  down  that  are  to 
be  hardened;  the  mixture  is  then  filled  in  over  and 
around  the  parts  that  are  to  be  hardened,  the  quan- 
tity to  be  proportioned,  as  nearly  as  possible,  to  the 
depth  of  hardening  required,  and  the  parts  that  are 
not  to  be  hardened  are  covered  with  slaked  lime. 

The  box  is  then  placed  in  an  idle  forge  and  kept  at 
a  good  heat  for  an  hour  or  more  according  to  the 
size  of  the  work.  At  the  end  of  the  heat,  before 
quenching,  the  fire  is  forced  so  that  the  pieces  may 
be  hardened  on  a  rising  heat;  they  are  then  dipped. 
If  the  operatior  has  been  properly  done  the  pieces 
will  be  glass-hard  where,  covered  by  the  carburizer 
and  soft  where  covered  by  the  lime. 


October  31,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


289 


Milling  on  Douglas  Island,  Alaska. 


NLMHKK   II 


Written  by  U    A.  Kis/.IK. 


Starting  with  the  5-stamp  mill  of  the  TreadweU, 
erected  in  1881  the  number  has  been  increased  from 
time  to  time,  until  ;it  present  there  are  B80  stamps 
dropping  on  the  island,  and  these  are  distributed  in 

tin-  Minimis  mills,  ;ts  shown  in  Table  I. 


sonable  rates.    Tin-  coal  is  transported  to  the  mini's 
by  means  ol  barges,    which  on   their  return  trips 
carry  concentrates  in  bulk  to  tin-  Tacoma  smelter. 
TIr-  tree  gold  is  caught  both  inside  ami  outside  of 

the  rturs  by   means  of  quicksilver.    There  is  a 

diversity  of  opinion  among  the  various  amalgamators 
as  to  where,  when  and  in  what  quantities  the  quicksil- 
ver should  !>•■  red.  Table  TI  gives  quantities  used. 
The  result  of  a  series  of  tests  in  tin'  various  mills 
shows  that  tlif  quantity  of  quicksilver  fed  in  the 
mortars  and  on  the  plates  varies  directly  with  the 
gauge  of   the   screen,    and.   consequently,    with   the 


except  the  Ready  Bullion,  where  it  lasts  only  fifteen 

days.  Salt  water  is  used  in  this  mill,  and  the  cor- 
roding action  seems  to  in-  intensified  by  tin-  scouring 
of  the  sands  in  the  mortar,  which  keeps  the  inside 
surface  ol  the  screen  bright,  thus  always  furnishing 
a  fresh  surface  for  the  action  of  the  water.    These 

screens  do  not  wear  out  as  in  the  other  mills,  but  be- 
come brittle  and  break. 

Experiments  arc  now  in  process  with  a  make  of 
iron-wire  screen,  but  they  have  not  advanced  far 
enough  for  any  conclusion  to  be  reached. 

The  motion  of  the  battery    water,    caused    by    the 


TAIil.i:  1      i;i..i   [PMENT  OP  OTLLS  AND  COST  OP  MINING  ON   DOUGLAS  ISLAND,  ALASKA. 

(EQUIPMENT  UK  .MILLS. 

Crashers. 

a 
3§ 

Stamps. 

1    .  '.'.liTS. 

Mortars. 

Amalgamating  Plates. 

Vanners. 

Motive  Power. 

Tune, 

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ii 

2 

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1 

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Time  Hun. 

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81,796 

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1 .0301     118 

8« 

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Suspended  Challenge 

DO 

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34   Lin. 

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45 

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"1 

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31   Gin. 

34 

1'/.  in. 

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Steam 

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700-Fool  Claim 

1 

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88,150 

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30 

"  07-A,"  P.  &  C. . 

30  4-in. 

30 

1'.,  in. 

45 

10 

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6 

Steam  and 

water. 

1 

Pelton 

113  33 

■1  88,     1  88 

■1  (hi  5  69 

During  the  summer  months  there  is  sufficient 
water  to  run  7li0  of  the  880  stamps,  and  during  the 
winter  there  is  always  enough  to  supply  the  batteries 
and  vanners  and  run  a  portion  of  the  mills. 

This  water  supply  is  obtained  from  a  series  of  ditch 
lines  running  along  the  mountain  sides  and  aggregat- 
ing 18  miles  in  length.  The  main  TreadweU  ditch 
starts  from  a  lake  in  the  mountains  14  miles  distant 
from  the  mines.  It  follows  the  contour  of  the  moun- 
tain range,  gathering  water  from  numerous  small 
springs  and  streams,  and  delivers  it  to  the  penstocks 
at  an  elevation  of  48(1  feet  above  the  mills,  and  at  a 


coarseness  of  the  ore.  The  coarser  the  crushing,  the 
more,  quicksilver  it  is  necessary  to  add  to  the  mor- 
tars to  make  any  saving  at  all. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  scouring  action  of  the. 
coarse  sands  on  the  plates  necessitates  frequent 
dressing  to  keep  them  well  coated  with  silver.  It 
was  the  practice  up  to  1901  to  keep  the  plates  very 
wet  (soft),  and  even  though  the  crushing  was  much 
finer  an  excessive  amount  of  quicksilver  was  used. 
It  will  be  seen  from  Table  III  that,  although  the  ton- 
nage crushed  per  stamp  has  shown  a  marked  in- 
crease, the  quantity  of  quicksilver  used  per  ton  is 


falling  of  the  stamps,  throws  the  pulp  against  the 
screen,  and  all  particles  fine  enough  pass  through  it 
and  fall  on  the  lip  of  the  mortar.  At  the  edge  of  the 
lip  are  placed  two  dashboards  arranged  in  steps  to 
stop  the  rush  of  water  and  sand,  and  cause  it  to  drop 
in  a  steady  flow  on  the  apron  plates,  which  are 
placed  immediately  in  front  of  the  lip  of  the  mortar, 
with  the  upper  edge  under  the  lip.  This  diminishes 
the  scouring  action,  allowing  the  amalgam  to  collect 
near  the  upper  end  of  the  plate.  The  amalgam  here 
is  kept  harder  than  at  the  lower  end.  This  allows 
the  lower  end  of  the  plate   to  be   kept  quite  wet, 


TABLE  II.— COST  OP  MILLING 

(PER  TON  OF  ORE)  FOR  TEN  MONTHS  ENDING  SEPTEMBER, 

5,  190 

I. 

Crushing. 

Concentration. 

Sulphurets. 

Total  of  All  Expenses. 

f 

w 
e 

s3 
o 

Labor. 

c 

•0 

s? 

r< 

W 

O 

h3 
o 

r1 

c 

o 

m 

a 

a 

> 

13 

tr 

s5 

Will. 

o 

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S' 
en 

P 

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o 

-> 

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re 

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id 

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d 

CD 
CD 
■© 

d 
p. 

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5' 
en 

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p 
1? 

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n 

DC 

P 

Name  of 

o 

o 

3 

a 

CD 
B 
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o 

IB 
d 
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CD 

5" 

.0083 

.0046 

.0138 

0091 

.0043 

.0005 

.0009 

.0147 

J-  .0068 

.0007 

.0015 

.0003 

. 0093  | 

,0560 

.0141 

.0211 

.0109 

.0001 

.0003 

.0057 

.00114 

.0061 

.0055 

TreadweU  "  310" 

.0085 

.0040 

.0135 

0133 

.0047 

.0029 

.0099 

.0308 

.0720 

.0370 

.0058 

0058 

.0010 

.0000 

.0106 

.0010 

Whnrt 

.0109 

.0007 

.0116 

.0095 

.0080 

,0060 

0090 

.0325 

.0053 

.0003 

.0043 

.0000 

.0103 

.0730 

.0533 

.0230 

.0121 

.0037 

.0009 

.0091 

.0017 

.0600 

.336., 
.198? 

.0201 
.0000 

.0019 
.0008 

.0380 
.0104 

0147 
0103 

.0070 
.0095 

.0177 
.0014 

.0185 
.0086 

0566 
.0298 

.0087 
.0047 

.0002 
.0005 

.0053 
.0049 

.0006 
.0005 

.0140 
.0106 

.0934 
.0712 

.0360 
.0285 

.0009 
.0021 

.0013 
.0003 

.0099 
.0064 

.0020 
11(114 

0333 
11575 

.11030 
.0063 

700-Foot  Claim 

.0165    .0081 

distance  of  1500  feet  from  them.  On  account  of  the 
heavy  snowfall  and  low  temperature  in  winter,  the 
ditches  are  covered  throughout  their  entire  length 
by  split  lagging  and  boughs  of  trees.  The  snow  on 
the  mountains  usually  lasts  until  the  end  of  April,  and 
from  then  to  the  end  of  November  rains  are  depended 
upon  to  supply  the  requisite  amount  of  water. 

At  the  Ready  Bullion  mine  no  provision  has  been 
made  for  a  supply  of  fresh  water  for  mill  use  other 
than  that  for  the  boilers.  Here  salt  water  is  pumped 
from  the  channel  and  used  for  all  purposes  in  the 
mill.     Experience  has  shown   that  while  it  is   very 


only  about  one-half  the  quantity  formerly  used. 

The  only  amalgamated  copper  plates  used  inside 
the  mortars  are  the  chuck  blocks.  Two  sizes  are 
used  at  present  (the  4-inch  and  6-inch  in  height),  but 
very  little  amalgam  is  collected  from  them.  Formerly 
they  furnished  13.7%  of  the  amalgam  collected,  but 
since  the  fine  screens  were  replaced  they  collect 
practically  no  amalgam,  except  during  short  periods 
in  the  winter  when  salt  water  is  used.  At  these 
times  the  chuck  blocks  become  coated,  but  as  soon  as 
fresh  water  is  again  used  the  amalgam  is  scoured  off, 
leaving  the  copper  bare. 


-DETAIL  OF  CLEANUP  AND  EFFECT  OF  COARSE  CRUSHING  ON  DISTRIBUTION  OP  AMALGAM. 
Results  foh  Tkn  Months,  1901. 


►3 

Ounces    Quicksil- 

Distribution of  Cleanup.  Per  Cent. 

ns? 

< 

3 

g 

9 

< 

-  B 

ver  Fed  per  Ton 

c  — 

S  O 

a  ^ 
=  7 
■~.= 

S" 

Ore  Crushed. 

a 

o 
a 

BT 
(A 

B 
p 
-i 
-j 

CD 

< 
p 
a 
c 

CD 
—. 

a 

1-3 

p 
a 

p 
V 

83 

p 

CT 
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CD 

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CD 

s3 
p 

C£ 
CD 

% 

\    1 

■  E. 
'■  « 

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:  b 

'.     CD 

Q 

a 
c 

o" 

D 
« 

a 
<-t 
o 

c 

**■   -! 

•    a 

:  a 

a  ft 

m  g 
o  5 

ao 

:  ° 

■  ST 

■  so 

.    a 

■  c 

P 

o 

a 
o 
B 
o 

CD 

a 

CD 
ED 

B 

at) 
•ji 
■a 

CD 
-3 

c?< 

Mill. 

m 
p 

CD 

H 

p 

CD 
[fl 

p 

:  c 

■  CD 

■  TJ 
'     CD 

.      -1 

■  O 

•   a 

"  - 

B 

■  -d 

■     D 

CD 

TreadweU  340 

4  00 

.2098 

.0319 

3417 

.0742 

.1938 

0181 

.0188 

.0199 

.0151 

11017 

.0584 

$0  12  $18  65 

J $5.00 

157.87 

J- 1.75 

083 

I    1.943 

TreadweU  300 

4  59 

.1364 

.0695 

.1958 

.0896 

.0961 

.0283 

.0107 

0136 

.0128 

0015 

.7475 

6  12 

IH  (in 

.071 

Mexican 

4  33 

.1794 

.0845 

.3639 

.1952 

0793 

.0083 

.0384 

.0303 

.0037 

.6550 

6  48 

18  70 

4.15 

67.85 

1.65 

.101 

1.842 

700-Foot 

3  97 

.2032 

.1893 

.  1285 

.0111 

.0167 

.0262 

.6383 

6  19 

18  50 

5.73 

47,40 

1.77 

.0HH 

1.498 

1  Blocks.  1 

Readv  Bullion 

4  34 

.1316 

.0861 

.2177 

.8955 

-  Barrel.  1 
1  Table.    1 

.0823 

,0207 

.0015 

5  94 

18  25 

6.12 

70.00 

1.74 

.068 

2.058 

Total  

1   27 

1... 

i 

1... 

Results 

for  Ten  Months,  1902 

TreadweU  240 

TreadweU  300 

Mexican 

4.86 
5.53 
5,73 

.0849 
.0117 
.2076 
3309 
.0824 

.0357 
.0533 
.0366 
.0279 
.0381 

.1206 
.0649 
.2442 
.2578 
.1205 

'  1(1221 

'  "ooia 

.0901 
.1007 

.0556 
.0421 
.0903 

.0216 
.0483 
.0111 
.0164 
.0069 

.0119 
.0357 
- .0423 
0295 
.1930 

,0303 
.0366 
0401 
.0383 
.0444 

.0277 

.0011 

11003 
.0031 

".0019 

.8173    S6  12 
.7724      6  12 
8257      0  48 

h?:iK     i!  in 

6557i     5  94 

1 

$18  65 
18  65 
18  70 
18  50 
18  35 

1$5  80 
3  63 
3  57 

7  18 

[45.99 
48.87 
48.36 
53.75 

2 

1.71 
1.83 
2.07 

.104 
.002 

1115 

0S8 
.091 

1   2.031 

1.979 
1.933 

1.705 

,| 

| 

...■...] 

$18  59 

48.01 

094 

destructive  on  all  exposed  iron  in  the  batteries  and 
on  the  vanners,  it  is  better  than  fresh  water  for 
amalgamating  purposes,  but  this  advantage  by  no 
means  compensates  for  the  loss  caused  by  its  cor- 
rosive action  on  all  exposed  iron  and  on  the  vanner 
belts.  The  coal — about  22,000  tons  per  year — is  ob- 
tained from  the  mines  on  Vancouver  Island,  at  rea- 

*Anstraet  Trans.  Amer.  Inst.  Min.  Engrs. 


The  diagonal  slot  screens  which  are  used  in  all  the 
mills  are  made  of  No.  23  gauge  heavy  Russian  iron. 
Both  the  No.  4  and  No.  5  are  in  use,  these  being 
equivalent  to  the  20  and  18-mesh  wire  screens,  and 
are  mounted  in  frames  in  the  usual  manner.  Two 
widths  are  used,  viz. :  9-inch  and  12-inch,  the  former 
giving  the  better  satisfaction. 

A  screen  lasts  about  seven  weeks  in  all   the  mills 


which  gives  a  better  chance  to  catch  the  finer  parti- 
cles of  gold  that  otherwise  might  float  off. 

These  plates  are  made  of  the  best  Lake  copper,  /s 
'  inch  thick,  4  feet  wide,  10  feet  long,  and  are  given  a 
fall  of  1J  inch  to  the  foot.  The  plates  are  prepared 
in  the  usual  manner  by  cleaning  with  a  weak  solution 
of  potassium  cyanide,  and  rubbing  in  quicksilver  until 
the  upper  surface  is  thoroughly  amalgamated.  "While 
in  use  they  are  dressed  with  quicksilver  twice  a  day, 
and  the  time  taken  for  dressing  should  not  exceed 
four  minutes  per  day. 

At  the  lower  end  of  each  plate,  is  placed  a  wooden 
trough  lined  with  copper,  called  the  tail  box,  where 
very  little  amalgam  is  caught.  From  the.  tail  boxes 
the  pulp  is  conveyed  through  3-inch  pipes  to  the  mer- 
cury traps.  These  traps  are  made  of  cast-iron  in 
the  shape  of  a  four-sided  truncated  pyramid,  having 
the  smaller  end  down.  The  trap  is  14  inches  square 
at  the  top,  15i  inches  deep,  with  the  lower  end  6 
inches  square.  In  the  bottom  is  a  2-inch  tap  closed 
by  a  plug  for  drawing  off  the  contents  when  cleaning 
up.  Inside  the  trap  is  a  block  14  by  8  inches  on  top, 
11  inches  deep  and  8  by  8  inches  on  the  bottom.  It 
then  flows  up  through  the  space  between  the  trap 
and  the  wooden  block,  and  thence  into  the  discharge 
launders. 

These  boxes  are  usually  suspended  under  the  bat- 
tery floor  and  from  them  the  pulp  flows  through 
launders,  where  it  is  divided  and  conveyed  by  3-inch 
iron  pipes  to  the  distributing  boxes  of   two  vanners. 

On  the  floor  of  the  distributing  box  of  each  vanner 
is  placed  an  amalgamated  copper  plate,  varying  with 
the  size  of  the  vanner  used,  those  on  the  4-foot  van- 
ner being  18  inches  by  3  feet  43  inches,  and  on  the  b'- 
foot  vanners  18  inches  by  5  feet  9  inches.  From  this 
plate  the  pulp  flows  over  the  vanner,  the  heavy  parti- 
cles, including  sulphurets  and  some  free  gold,  being 
saved,  while  the  lighter  passes  over  the  tail  of  the 
vanner  into  the  tailings  launders,  which  discharge 
into  Gastiueaux  channel. 

By  reference  to  Table  III  it  will  be  seen  that  47% 
of  the  value  contained  in  the  ore  is  recovered  by  con- 
centration. For  purposes  of  concentration  two  sizes 
of  Frue  vanners  are  used:  the  4-foot  and  6-foot. 
These  vanners  are  so  arranged  that  the  pulp  from 
five  stamps  is  divided  between  two  vanners.  This 
style  of  concentrator  is  adapted  to  the  ore,  and  from 
a  study  of  the  tables  given  above  it  would  be  hard  to 
realize  a  much  better  saving.     The  wear  and  tear  on 


290 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31,  1903. 


the  machinery  is  very  lightjin  all  the  mills,  with  the 
exception  of  the  Ready  Bullion,  where  the  vamiers 
get  more  than  their  share  of  the  destructive  effects 
of  salt  water  in  use. 

When  a  stamp  is  crushing  5.6  tons  of  ore  in  twenty- 
four  hours,  each  stamp  requires  4.25  gallons,  and 
each  vanner  1.5  gallons,  of  water  per  minute.  In 
the  mills  where  the  4-foot  vamiers  are  used  they  are 
overloaded.  This  accounts  fonboth  sizes  of  vanners 
using  the  same  amount  of  water. 

There  is  a  little  less  than  2%  of  concentrates  in  the 
ore.  The  concentrated  product  has  a  value  of  about 
$51  per  ton  in  all  the  mills,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Ready  Bullion,  where  the  concentrates  assay  about 
$35  per  ton. 

In  connection  with  each  mill  is  a  storage  bin  for 
concentrates,  holding  aboutj  400  tons.  These  bins 
are.  situated  near  the  mill,  and  when  the  concentrates 
have  been  collected  at  the  vanners  arid  shoveled  into 
cars,  they  are  trammed  to  a  small  hydraulic  elevator 
which  raises  the  loaded  car  to  the  level  of  the  top  of 
the  bin,  where  it  is  dumped.  From  these  storage 
bins  the  concentrates  are  drawn  off  through  chutes 
into  cars  holding  two'and  one-half  [tons,  and  hauled 
by  locomotives  to  the  wharf,  where, they  are  dumped 
through  chutes  into  the  hatches  of  i'the  barges  which 
transport  the  concentrates  to  the  Tacoma  smelter, 
where  they  are  treated. 

Table  II  shows  in  detail  the  cost  of  the  different  de- 
partments of  milling  as  well  as  the  equipment  and 
running  time  of  the  various  mills  for  the  last  ten 
months. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Iron  Cement  for  Machinery. 

Many  breakdowns,  incidental  to  machinery  sub- 
jected to  steam  and  hydraulic  pressure,  can  be  suc- 
cessfully repaired  by  use  of  material  known  to 
engineers  as  Smooth-on  Iron  Cement.  The  uses  of 
this  material  in  repairs  are  numerous,  and  one  of 
these  shown  in  the  engraving  is  of  the  repairs  to  a 


Pump  Repaired  With  Iron  Cement. 

large  centrifugal  pump  in  a  dry  dock  pumping  sta- 
tion, New  York  navy  yard. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  report  made  by 
an  engineer  in  the  department  of  construction  and 
repairs: 

"For  over  four  years  I  have  used  your  Smooth-on 
Iron  Cement  No.  1  and  have  found  it  to  be  as  good  as 
a  new  casting,  when  used  in  repairing  breaks  in  cast- 
ings. I  have  found  it  to  make  steam  joints  tight 
when  everything  else  failed.  I  have  used  it  on  porous 
castings  that  had  to  stand  180  pounds  steam  pres- 
sure. I  have  used  it  on  steam  pipes  that  leaked  and 
will  say  that  I  have  never  had  any  trouble  with  any- 
thing I  repaired  with  the  same. 

' '  About  four  years  ago  one  of  our  45-inch  centrifu- 
gal pumps  split  almost  in  two,  due  to  a  sudden 
strain.  The  crack  was  over  20  feet  long  and  in  some 
places  opened  up  |  inch.  To  replace  this  pump 
would  take  months,  and  we  needed  it  badly.  This 
fracture  was  repaired  with  Smooth-on  Cement  No.  1, 
and  the  pump  running  on  the  third  day  after  the 
break,  and  ran  successfully  for  thirteen  months, 
when  it  was  replaced  by  a  new  pump.  The  repaired 
pump  was,  however,  still  giving  as  good  service  as 
when  first  repaired.  This  pump  (above  cut)  broke 
about  one  and  one-half  years  ago  and  was  repaired 
with  Smooth-on,  as  was  the  first  pump,  and  it  never 
has  given  us  any  trouble  since.  The  cut  shows  the 
pump  as  now  in  use.  The  fracture  extends  from  A 
through  B  to  C,  and  from  C  to  D;  patches  1,  2  and  3 
are  brass;  straps  4,  5,  6  and  7  are  of  wrought  iron; 
Smooth-on  was  used  in  fracture  and  under  patches 
and  straps. 

"When  the  new  pump   (see  cut)   was  placed,  the 


flanges  connecting  the  gate  valve  with  the  pump  did 
not  come  in  line  by  2*  inches;  to  make  this  joint  the 
pump  flange  was  cut  off,  a  plate  of  wrought  iron  was 
flanged  and  shaped  to  fit  the  interior  of  the  main  and 
bolted  to  it,  so  the  flange  fitted  the  flange  of  the  gate 
valve;  both  the  flange  joint  and  the  joint  between 
the  main  pipe  and  the  inserted  flange  sleeve  were 
made  with  Smooth-on. 

"  The  suction  pipe  to  this  pump  broke  in  two,  un- 
derground, clue  to  settling  of  the  ground,  over  three 
years  ago.  This  was  also  repaired  with  Smooth-on 
and  has  never  given  any  trouble  since.  I  have  had 
at  least  a  dozen  more  of  these  breaks,  and  after  re- 
pairing them  with  smooth-on,  have  never  had  any 
trouble  with  them." 

Smooth-on  Iron  Cement  No.  1  is  a  metal  cement 
which,  when  properly  mixed  with  water,  metallizes 
and  slightly  expands  during  the  process.  This  action 
makes  it  valuable  for  many  mechanical  uses.  This 
iron  cement  is  made  by  the  Smooth-on  Manufacturing 
Co.,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  U.  S.  A.,  who  will  send  their 
illustrated  book  free.  Sold  in  5,  10  and  25-lb.  tin 
cans.  The  Western  Repair  &  Supply  Co.,  61  Steuart 
St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  are  Pacific  coast  agents. 


Drift  Timbering. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Phess  by  W.  H.  Storms. 

When  the  floor  of  the  drift  hi  soft  ground  is  wet  it 
is  often  necessary  to  place  the  foot  of  the  posts  on 
sills  or  blocks  to  prevent  their  being  forced  down  into 
the  soft  rock.  Face  boards  may  be  held  in  place  by 
the  forward  ends  of  the  side  lagging,  a  head  block 
being  interposed  between  them,  and  the  face  boards 
removed,  one  at  a  time,  to  permit  the  cutting  out  of 
the  soft  ground,  the  board  replaced  and  the  lagging 
driven  forward  before  another  board  is  removed,  the 
work  progressing  from  the  bottom  upward.  It  is  a 
slow  and  laborious  process,  but  in  wet,  running 
ground  is  often  the  only  way  in  which  headway  can 
be  made.  The  head  blocks  are  cut  from  6  inches  to 
12  inches  wide  and  4  inches  long.  In  very  wet 
ground — such  as  wet,  caved,  foliated  slate — the  face 
boards  cannot  be  removed  with  safety  for  fear  of  a 
run.  In  such  case  the  ground  is  cut  out  from  beneath 
and  behind  the  face  board,  which  is  kept  advancing 
by  driving  up  the  side  lagging,  this  carrying  the  face 
board  forward.  The  details  of  this  method  of  drift- 
ing are  shown  in  Fig.  7. 


a  wide  drift  beneath  a  stope.  This  method  gives 
additional  support  to  the  stull  where  the  hanging 
wall  is  not  secure,  and  is  a  very  strong  set  and 
capable  of  sustaining  great  weight.  It  is  a  question, 
however,  if  the  modification  of  the  square  set  system, 
known  as  the  "  cap  sill  method,"  would  not  prove  as 
economical  and  satisfactory. 

In  some  mines  the  ore  deposits  lie  nearly  flat,  and, 
having  moderate  height,  are  timbered  in  the  same 
manner  as  the  workings  of  many  drift  mines,  by  a 
system  of  "  posts  and  breasting  caps."  These  con- 
sist of  single  posts,  over  the  head  of  which  are  placed 
a  head  block  (breasting  cap),  and  in  some  cases  two 
other  caps  are  placed  transversely  across  the  top  of 
the  first  cap,  the  whole  set  being  secured  by  wedges, 
tightly  driven  from  all  sides.  Stoping  may  be  carried 
on  on  both  sides  of  the  main  gangway  by  this  method, 
or  from  one  side,  any  waste  accumulating  being 
thrown  behind  the  workmen.  The  best  practice  is 
to  drive  crosscuts  from  the  main  gangway  and  from 
one  side  of  the  crosscut  stope  backward  from  the 
crosscut,  setting  up  the  posts  and  breasting  caps  as 
the  work  progresses,  and  throwing  the  waste  be- 
hind. Often  many  of  the  timbers  may  be  recovered; 
if  not,  and  the  roof  falls,  no  particular  harm  is  done 
and  the  miners  at  the  face  are  always  safe  from  falls 
of  rock  excepting  such  as  may  occur  at  and  near  the 
face,  which  they  should  anticipate  and  endeavor  to 
prevent  by  prompt  timbering. 

The  ways  of  timbering  tunnels  and  drifts  are  so 
various  that  only  the  general  principles  can  be  given. 
Knowing  these,  the  miner  must  adapt  some  method 
or  variation  of  a  known  system  to  each  particular 
case.  The  great  variety  of  conditions  and  the  fre- 
quent changes  in  these  conditions,  even  in  the  same 
mine,  require  that  the  timberman  of  a  mine  be  a  man 
of  fertile  resource,  and  often  he  must  show  a  fearless- 
ness of  danger  that  in  other  occupations  would  make 
him  a  hero. 

Mining  Telluride  Ores  in  the  Black  Hills. 

The  ore  deposits  of  the  Cambrian  formation  in  the 
Black  Hills  were  discovered  early  in  1877,  and  for 
several  years  considerable  development  work  was 
done  in  the  Bald  Mountain  and  Terry's  Peak  section. 
At  Galena,  also,  east  of  Deadwood,  lead-silver  ores 
were  discovered,  and  the  mines  of  this  camp  were 
extensively  and  profitably  mined  and  treated.  Large 
shipments  were  made  from  the   Galena  district  to 


S/0£  V/£tV 


/wwr y/£tv* 


Pig.  7. 


Soapstone,  serpentine  and  some  other  rocks,  which 
when  wet  cave  unexpectedly,  should  always  be  sub- 
stantially timbered  when  first  cut  through  to  prevent 
caving  later  on.  When  passing  through  sheared 
zones,  faults  or   cross  heads,   as  well  as  veins,  extra 


Fig.  8. 

precautions  should  be  taken  to  prevent   subsequent 
caving,   though   the  ground  may  stand  well  at  the 
time  of  excavation. 
In  Fig.  8  is  shown  an  unusual  method  of  timbering 


smelters  at  Omaha,  Denver  and  elsewhere.  It  was 
found  that  the  siliceous  ore  of  the  Bald  Mountain  and 
Terry's  Peak  region  were  not  readily  amenable  to 
amalgamation,  the  saving  by  that  process  often  being 
less  than  50%  of  the  values,  while  both  mining  and 
milling  were  expensive,  due  to  the  extreme  hardness 
of  most  of  the  rock,  and  the  fine  crushing 
and  grinding  in  the  mills,  necessary  to  secure 
even  50%  of  the  values.  In  1881  the 
ores  of  the  carbonate  camp  district  west 
of  Deadwood  were  discovered  and  a  large  output  of 
lead-silver  ore  resulted.  This  success  led  to  the  dis- 
covery of  extensive  gold-bearing  deposits  in  the  Cam- 
brian quartzites  and  Carboniferous  limestones  in  that 
region.  Among  these  discoveries  were  those  of 
Squaw  Creek  canyon  and  the  Ragged  Top  district  on 
the  limestone  plateau  northwest  of  Terry's  peak. 

Until  the  introduction  of  the  barrel  chlorination 
process  and  the  cyanide  process  in  the  Black  Hills  in 
the  treatment  of  these  ores,  it  cannot  be  said  that 
success  had  been  achieved  in  the  treatment  of  these 
ores.  The  mining  of  these  deposits  was  an  easy  mat- 
ter. Most  of  the  deposits  lie  flat,  or  nearly  so,  and 
large  amounts  of  the  ore  are  mined  by  open  cut  sys- 
tem, as  shown  in  the  illustration  on  front  page.  In 
some  of  these  mines  drifts  are  extended  into  the  ore 
body  beneath  the  overburden,  which  may  consist  of 
porphyry  or  the  original  sedimentary  strata.  In  the 
Ragged  Top  section,  near  Preston,  the  Deadwood 
Standard  M.  &  M.  Co. ,  owning  400  acres  of  ground, 
are  operating  by  the  open  cut  system,  mining  125 
tons  of  ore  daily.  They  are  also  developing  under- 
ground to  secure  a  supply  of  ore  during  the  winter 
season,  when  the  heavy  snows  will  make  open  cut 
work  difficult,  if  not  impossible.  Their  mill  contains 
crushers,  rolls  and  cyanide  plant.  W.  O.  Morrison  is 
president  and  manager. 

The  Spearfish  G.  M.  &  R.  Co.  own  400  acres  Of 
ground  near  Crown  Hill,  in  Ragged   Top  district. 


October  31,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


291 


They  have  a  mill  of  300  tons  daily  capacity.    Tl -e 

-a  in  Limestone)  and  *7  ore  pays  a  good  profit. 

The  mill  (see  illu~ti-ati.ni.  front  page)  is  composed 
nf  crusher  and  rolls.  The  ore  passing  a  grizzly 
goes  to  a  10x20  Blake  crusher  and  from  there 
passes  to  a  set  of  16x36  Davis  rolls,  set 
to  J  inch.  This  product  is  elevated  to  t-inch 
screen,  and  the  rejected  product  passes  through  a 
set  of  14x27  rolls  and  elevated  to  i-ineli  screen,  which 
is  as  fine  as  they  crush.  The  ore  is  then  trammed  to 
the  teaching  tanks,  which  consists  of  ten  tanks.  26 
feet  in  diameter  by  7  feel  dee].,  each  tank  holding 

133    tons  dry   weight.      The    tailings   are   sluiced   out 

through  two  bottom-discharge  gates,  10  inches  in  di- 
ameter. The  ore  is  treated  about  eighty  hours  with 
strong  cyanide  solution— six  pounds  to  the  ton — 
which  is  followed  with  a  weak  solution,  containing  two 
pounds  cyanide  to  the  ton,  and  treated  for  twelve 
hours,  and  then  followed  by  wash  water,  making  the 
total  treatment  ninety-six  hours.  The  gold  solution 
passes  from  the  leaching  vats  to  the  gold  tanks — one 
lor  M  rong  and  one  for  weak — and  from  there  through 
three  steel  zinc-precipitation  boxes  to  the  sump 
tanks,  where  it  is  standardized  and  returned  to  the 
storage  tanks  at  the  top  of  the  mill. 

The  precipitates  from  the  zinc  boxes  are  washed 
through  steel  launders  to  a  refining  tank,  where  the 
precipitates  are  treated  with  sulphuric  acid,  washed, 
filtered,  dried  and  roasted  at  a  slow  heat  in  cast-iron 
muffles  and  then  melted  into  bars  averaging  over  900 
fine  in  gold.  The  mill  has  a  capacity  of  300  tons  of 
ore  per  day  and  it  is  the  intention  of  this  company  to 
increase  the  capacity.  The  plant  is  located  at  Cya- 
nide P.  O. ,  3J  miles  from  the  railroad.  According  to 
figures  furnished  by  O.  N.  Brown,  general  manager 
of  the  company,  costs  are  divided  as  follows: 

Mining  *  ,98perton. 

Transput-till  ion,  mini-  to  mill  12    "     " 

Mlllint;  98     "     '■ 


The  ore  is  mostly  mined  by  the  open  cut  system 
(see  illustration,  front  page),  though  they  also  have  ex- 
tensive underground  workings.  The  ore  is  hauled  on 
a  24-inch  gauge  track  by  small  mine  locomotive  in 
trains  of  forty  1-ton  cars.  The  railroad  is  i  mile  in 
length,  with  about  the  same  length  of  switches  to  the 
various  openings  on  the  property. 


Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 
6 =_ 


3 


PATENTS  ISSUED  OCTOBER  20,  1903. 


Specially  Reported  and  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Ore  Roasting  Furnace. — No.  741,549;  J.  Roger, 
Denver.  Colo. 


Combination  with  circular  furnace,  of  column  or 
pillar  arranged  concentrically  thereof,  sleeve  rotat- 
ably  mounted  upon  column,  bearing  arranged  at 
lower  portion  of  column,  adjustable  ring  supporting 
bearing,  rabble  mechanism  carried  by  sleeve,  and 
stay  bolts  or  guy  rods  connecting  upper  portion  of 
sleeve  and  outer  portions  of  rabble  mechanism. 


extracted  from  ore  and  sulphate  of  alkaline  or  alka- 
line  earth    metal;    roasting-  mixture   with  free  access 

of  air  and  agitation  at  temperature  sufficient  to 
effect  reaction  mentioned;  and  volatilizing  and  recov- 
ering metal  values  as  haloids  or  oxyhaloids. 


Process  of  Treating  Refractory  Ores. — No. 
741,712;  E.  C.  Pohle  and  S.  Croasdale,  Denver,  Colo. 

Process  of  effecting  mixture  containing  ore,  sulphur 
and  haloid  of  alkaline  or  alkaline  earth  metal,  rela- 
tive proportions  of  materials  being  those  quantita- 
tively requisite  to  produce,  when  heated  in  the  pres- 
ence  of  oxygen,   haloid  of    metal  or  metals   to  be 


Oiu:  Dearsenicatinq  and 
PABATU8.— No.  741.:J,3s;  T.  H. 
Ind. 


Amalgamating    Ap- 

Hicks.   Fori    Wayne, 


In  combination  retort  adapted  to  be  rotated  and 
having  open  outlet  end;  stationary  end  casing  having 
loosely  fitting  union  with  open  outlet  end  of  retort; 
ore  collecting  tank  adapted  to  contain  water  and  re- 
ceive discharged  ore  contents  from  retort;  cover  ar- 
ranged to  seal  top  of  tank  to  prevent  escape  of  fumes 
therefrom;  downwardly  projecting  partitions  depend- 
ing from  cover  of  tank  and  arranged  to  dip  into 
water  contained  in  tank;  and  suction  device  attached 
to  tank  and  arranged  to  draw  air  and  fumes  from 
retort  under  partitions  and  from  tank. 


Process  of  Treating   Ores. — No.  741,439;  C.  E. 
Baker  and  A.  W.  Burwell,  Cleveland,  O. 


Process  of  treating  ore  containing  base  metal  or 
metals  and  metalloid  by  combining  metals  and  met- 
alloid with  chlorine,  and  supplying  sufficient  heat  to 
vaporize  and  separate  metalloid  chloride  from  metal 
chlorides.  

Classifying  or  Sizing  Apparatus. — No.  741,565; 
A.  Ten  Winkel,  Denver,  Colo. 


Classifier  or  sizer  comprising  transversely  inclined 
riffled  bed,  provided  with  screen  sections  varying  in 
mesh,  finest  mesh  section  being  placed  uppermost  on 
bed  and  other  sections  below  in  order  of  fineness, 
coarsest  section  being  lowermost,  the  sections  being 
all  located' in  same  inclined  plane  and  provided  with 


projections  applied  to  upper  surface  of  finest  section. 
an. I  section  coarser  than  finest  section,  hut  liner 
than  other  sections  lying  in  same  plane  with  finest 
section,  coarser  section  being  placed  upon  projec- 
tions of  tines!  section,  and  riffle  plated  on  liuest  sec- 
tion below  its  projection  to  direct  material  to  riffles 
beyond  screen. 

Hot  Blast  Stove. — No.   741,680;   H.   Lang.  Oak- 
land. Cal. 


■    ; 

\ 

i 
• 

-  IB 

'•   i 

- 

V    ■ 

its 

p» 

In  hot  blast  stove  or  air  heating  apparatus,  series 
of  more  than  two  adjacently  placed  air  cells  in  com- 
munication alternately  at  top  and  bottom,  air  inlet 
to  first  cell,  air  outlet  from  last  cell,  series  of  super- 
imposed retort  sections  forming  continuous  tier  in 
each  cell,  all  in  communication  at  bottom,  heating 
furnace,  and  means  for  sending  products  of  combus- 
tion of  furnace  into  and  out  of  retorts  in  succession, 
in  reverse  direction  to  that  of  air  current  through 
cells. 


Concentrator. 
Francisco,  Cal. 


■No.     741,725;     E     Schutz,    San 


In  combination,  tank  having  conical  bottom  sloping 
outward  and  having  in  its  side  at  juncture  with  bot- 
tom small  hole  for  escape  of  concentrates,  rotating 
pipes  also  sloping  downwardly  outward  in  close  prox- 
imity to  bottom  of  tank,  and  having  perforations  for 
discharging  water  therefrom  at  bottom  of  tank, 
means  for  feeding  water  to  pipes  and  shell  within 
tank  having  its  lower  edge  raised  above  bottom  of 
tank  whereby  lighter  material  in  escaping  from  tank 
is  compelled  to  pass  below  lower  edge  of  shell  and  in 
close  proximity  to  bottom. 


Stamp  Mill. 
N.  J. 


-No.  741,852;  G.  Thomson,  Elizabeth, 


Stamp,  die  or  like,  having  face  composed  of  alloy 
of  copper,  nickel  and  steel. 

R. 


Miner's    Blasting    Squib 
Jones,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa. 


-No.    741,968;    T. 


Miner's  squib  eomprising*];body  portion  and  two 
matches  connected  thereto,  one  of  matches  being 
adapted  to  burn  without  flame,  and  other  match  be- 
ing detachable  and  adapted  to  burn  with  flame. 


292 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31,  1903. 


Mining  Summary* 

Specially  Compiled  and  Reported  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Pkess. 


ALASKA. 

Five  miners  report  having-  located 
placer  gold  diggings  at  the  headwaters  of 
the  Sushitna  river,  in  Western  Alaska. 
The  strike  is  on  the  east  side  of  that  river, 
lia  miles  from  Slate  creek.  The  find  was 
made  on  Aug-.  16,  when  the  prospectors 
were  ready  to  return  to  Valdes,  after  hav- 
ing spent  the  summer  in  prospecting*  the 
lower  tributaries  of  Sushitna  river.  Pay 
was  found  on  Valdes,  White  and  Wicker- 
sham  creeks,  and  prospects  on  other 
creeks.  Two  men,  shoveling  for  fifteen 
days  into  two  lengths  of  sluice  boxes, 
cleaned  up  100  ounces  of  gold.  Monohan, 
Clarkson,  Smith,  Johnson  and  Windemel- 
ler  say  that  bedrock  is  4  feet  from  the  sur- 
face. They  came  out  from  the  diggings 
to  Valdes  in  thirteen  days.  The  winter 
route  will  be  from  Valdes  and  over  the 
Valdes  glacier,  a  distance  of  200  miles. 
The  summer  route  will  he  via  Copper  Cen- 
ter and  up  the  Tazelina  river. 

A  ledge  of  free  gold-bearing  rock  has 
been  crosscut  on  the  Alaska  Perseverance 
and  Greek  Boy  mines,  near  Juneau. 
After  drifting  2200  feet,  at  depth  of  1300 
feet  below  the  surface,  a  ledge  of  22  feet  of 
ore  is  reported  cut  in  the  Gi-eek  Boy.  The 
same  ledge  traverses  the  Alaska  Perse- 
verance. The  latter  is  owned  by  W.  J. 
Southerland  and  J.  T.  Gilbert  of  New 
York.  Southerland  is  also  interested  in 
the  Greek  Boy.  Arrangements  have 
been  made  for  a  200-stamp  mill  on  the 
Alaska  Perseverance  mine  and  a  40-stamp 
mill  on  the  Greek  Boy. 

ARIZONA. 

Cochise  County. 

Superintendent  C.  C.  Warner  of  the 
Copper  Glance  mine,  in  Warren  district, 
near  Bisbee,  says  they  have  put  in  addi- 
tional pumping  facilities  and  sinking  has 
been  resumed.  All  of  the  pumps  have  a 
capacity  of  700  gallons  a  minute.  The 
shaft  is  down  540  feet. 

Work  is  progressing-  in  cutting  out  the 
pump  station  on  the  700-foot  level  of  the 
Con.  C.  Co. 's  shaft  at  Tombstone,  says 
the  Prospector.  This  station  will  be  16 
feet  wide,  14  feet  high  and  83  feet  long, 
while  the  sump  into  which  the  water  will 
be  pumped  will  be  10x12x40  feet.  Fore- 
man Saunders  expects  the  work  will  be 
completed  next  week  and  work  of  putting 
the  pumps  in  place  started. 
Gila  County. 

A  strike  of  sulphide  ore  is  reported  in 
the  Old  Dominion  mine  at  Globe,  being 
cut  on  the  tenth  level  crosscut,  400  feet 
north  of  the  old  shaft  and  350  feet  beyond 
any  ore  previously  found,  says  the  Silver 
Belt.  The  ore  body  is  9  feet  thick  and 
carries  3%'  copper,  but  runs  hig-her  in  sul- 
phur than  any  sulphide  yet  found  in  the 
mine,  and  is  a  desirable  matting  mate- 
rial. The  four-compartment  shaft  has 
reached  495  feet  depth  and  is  going  down 
at  the  rate  of  2  feet  4  inches  per  day,  and 
by  Jan.  1st  it  is  expected  the  tenth  level 
connection  will  be  made.  A  heavy  pump 
will  then  be  set  up  and  will  handle  over 
half  the  water  now  being  raised  with  diffi- 
culty through  the  old  shaft.  The  installa- 
tion of  the  compressor  of  2000  cubic  feet 
per  minute  capacity  is  completed.  Also 
an  additional  battery  of  boilers  at  the 
shaft  has  been  bricked  in  and  connections 
made.  The  foundation  for  the  hoist  is 
completed.  The  work  of  erecting  the 
steel  smelter  and  converter  building  is 
progressing.  Work  on  the  concentrator 
building-  is  temporarily  suspended.  A 
battery  of  boilers  for  the  smelter  has  been 
set  up.  The  cable  tramway  above  the  old 
smelter  has  been  raised  by  building  the 
two  30-foot  towers  to  permit  of  railroad 
trains  passing  under  the  tramway,  says 
Superintendent  Hoar.  The  converter  at 
the  old  smelter  is  in  operation. 

Graham    County. 

W.  Climo,  superintendent  of  the  Shan- 
non mine,  near  Clifton,  says  he  has  300 
miners  at  work  in  their  properties,  which 
are  producing  an  average  of  600  tons  of 
ore  per  day.  During  the  past  month  1000 
feet  of  development  work  has  been  done 
and  new  ore  bodies  are  being-  opened  up. 
The  Shannon  mine  is  producing-  some 
hig-h-grade  ore  and  Climo  says  he  has  one 
stope  80  feet  wide  of  low-grade  ore.  He 
has  opened  up  a  body  of  high-grade  ore 
on  the  Sands  group,  owned  by  the  Shan- 
non Co. 

Maricopa  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).— R.  E.  Hum- 
phries has  fifteen  men  at  work  on  his 
group,    near   Hot   Springs  Junction,  and 

more  will  be  added. The  Mormon  Girl 

mill,  in  Cave  Creek  district,  will  be  put  in 
operation  this  week,  as  an  abundant  sup- 


ply of  water  for  mill  purposes  has  been 
developed. 

G.  Hamlin  of  the  Relief  mine,  near 
Peoria,  will  build  a  mill.  Water  has  been 
struck  while  sinking-  the  shaft.  This 
water  will  be  utilized  in  the  mine. 

Phoenix,  Oct.  26. 

Yavapai   County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Whip- 
saw  Copper  Co.  is  building  a  telephone 
line  from  its  camp  in  Whipsaw  gulch  to 
connect  with  the  main  line  of  the  Sunset 
Telephone  Co.,  near  Preseott.  Develop- 
ment work  is  being  done  by  the  company. 
A  gasoline  hoist  has  been  put  in. 

Phoenix,  Ocit.  26. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Bisbee 
Belle  M.  Co.;  near  Constellation,  is  in- 
creasing development  work.  The  tunnel 
is  in  625  feet.  :  The  tunnel  crosscuts  sev- 
eral ledges  and  a  body  of  high-grade  sul- 
phide ore  was;  cut  last  week,  says  P.  H. 
Hughes,  superintendent. 

K.  Barrett,  I  near  Briggs,  will  start  his 
mill  this  week;.  The  mill  and  mine  are  in 
Buzzard's  Roost  gulch. 

Preseott,  Obt.  27. 

The  Jesse  M.  Co.,  operating  the  Little 
Jesse  group  in  Chaparral  gulch,  near 
Preseott,  is  increasing  operations.  A  gal- 
lows frame  will  be  placed  over  the  double- 
compartment  shaft,  in  which  cages  will 
be  run.  The  shaft,  down  657  feet,  is  being 
enlarged  and  retimbered.  The  shaft  will 
be  sunk  to  depth  of  1000  feet.  Air  com- 
pressor and  drills  will  be  put  in  and  a  mill 
and  cyanide  plant  will  be  built.  J.  S. 
Jones  is  manager. 

Demory,  Starks  &  Keaves  are  develop- 
ing a  group  of  claims  on  the  flat  between 
Groom  Creek  'and  Senator,  says  the  Pres- 
eott Courier.  ;  They  started  a  shaft  on  a 
lead  of  white  quartz  which  showed  on 
surface,  and  at  depth  of  30  feet  are  on  a 
ledge  10  feet  wide  which  assays  $10.  The 
ore  is  free  milling. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Calaveras  County. 

The  Othello  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated in  Stockton  by  D.  C.  Shep- 
herd of  Stockton,  W.  and  A.  Garland 
and  J.  M.  and  J.  S.  Shepherd  of  Mur- 
phys,  to  operate  in  Calaveras  county. 
Contra  Costa  County. 

The  Mitchell  Bros.'  S.  &  R.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  by  R.  and  H.  Mitchell 
of  Los  Angeles,  W.  S.  Gage  of  New  York 
and  W.  H.  Morrow  of  San  Francisco. 
Negotiations  for  the  Bay  Point  smelter  of 
the  Copper  King,  Ltd.,  have  fallen 
through,  and  J.  B.  Miller  for  Mitchell 
Bros,  has  an  option  on  forty  acres  of  land 
east  of  Antioch  for  a  smelter  site.  The 
advantages  of  the  site  near  Antioch  are 
transportation  facilities  on  the  Santa  Fe 
road,  with  switching  facilities  with  the 
Southern  Pacific,  with  plenty  of  fresh 
water  and  water  deep  enough  for  ocean 
carriers  to  unload  at  their  wharves. 
Fresno  County. 

President  J.  M.  Wright  of  the  Peerless 
and  Fulton  Oil  Co.  of  San  Francisco  has 
bought  oil  land  near  Coalinga,  and  north 
of  the  Caribou  holdings.  He  will  start 
operations  this  week. 

The  Genesee  Oil  Co.  has  been  incorpo- 
rated by  W.  H.  Ingels,  P.  E.  Daniels,  W. 
G.  Uridge,  G.  A.  Hare  and  M.  Hansen,  to 

operate  at  Coalinga. The  Keystone  Oil 

Co.  has  been  organized  to  operate  on  the 
Plymouth  lease:  and  a  contract  has  been 
let  for  No.  1  well,  which  will  go  1650  feet 
if  necessary.  The  property  is  east  of  the 
Commercial  Petroleum  Co.  land. 
Inyo  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  At  Camp 
Lyon,  near  Rallarat,  the  Golden  Argus 
M.  &  M.  Co.  are  increasing  work  on  the 
crosscut  to  tap  main  ledge.  S.  R.  Phail 
is  taking  out  ore  on  his  Red  Rock  mine. 
At  Millspaugh  development  work  is  pro- 
gressing and  next  month  they  will  have 
their  mill  rebuilt.  In  the  Panamint  range 
work  is  going  ahead.  At  Tuba  canyon  J. 
P.  Flint  has  men  at  work  and  expects  to 
have  his  12-stamp  mill  dropping  next 
week.  At  Jail  canyon  it  is  reported  C.  C. 
Calkins  has  bought  the  property  there 
and  will  begin  development  work. '  At  the 
Ratcliffe  mine  a  few  men  are  at  work  and 
the  mill  is  kept  running.  The  Cecil  R.  M. 
Co.  has  twenty  men  on  the  payroll.  At 
the  property  formerly  owned  by  the  Bal- 
larat  M-.  Co.  a  mill  is  going  up  under  Su- 
perintendent Vahrenkamp.  At  the  Min- 
eral Hill  mine  the  crosscut  will  be  com- 
pleted next  month,  and  they  will  be  able 
to  get  the  ore  to  the  tramway  on  an  eco- 
nomical basis. 

Camp  Lyon,  October  27. 

Nevada  Couuty. 

T.  Kohler  of  Grass  Valley  has  bought 
the  Belden  one-half  interest  in  the  Gold 
Bank  and  Oro  Fino  mines  and  the  entire 
Belden  interests  in  the  Anaconda  mine, 
near  Maybert.  This  mine  was  owned 
jointly  by  Belden  &  Fischer,  and  the  inter- 


est of  the  latter  has  been  bonded  by  T.  Dor- 
sey  of  Grass  Valley.  A  3-stamp  mill  will 
be  built. 

Superintendent  W.  H.  Bray  is  building 
a  canvas  plant  at  the  Posey  mine  in  Wil- 
low Valley,  near  Nevada  City. 

Manager  J.  L.  Bryson,  of  El  Oro  mines 
at  Maybert,  says  an  aerial  tramway  will 
be  built  and  the  mill  overhauled. 

Machine  drills  are  being  put  in  at  the 
New  York-Grass  Valley  Co.  mine  at  For- 
est Springs,  near  Grass  Valley.  The 
compressor  is  in  place.  The  shaft  has 
reached  a  depth  of  600  feet.  The  mill  is  in 
operation. 

The  Snow  Point  gravel  mine  (the  Hud- 
son River  claim),  above  Moore's  Flat, 
near  Grass  Valley,  will  resume  this  week! 
Men  will  be  put  to  work  to  run  a  tunnel 
to  tap  the  channel.  J.  &  J.  Watton  of 
Bay  City,  Mich.,  are  at  the  head  of  the 
company.  It  is  intended  to  run  a  lower 
tunnel. 

The  Excelsior  Hydraulic  M.  Co.  has 
been  incorporated  at  San  Francisco  to  op- 
erate near  Nevada  City,  and  H.  W.,  F. 
M.  &  E.  C.  Cowell,  F.  J. 'Ensign  and  C.  E. 
Thomas  are  directors. 

The  South  Yuba  M.  &  S.  Co.  is  increas- 
ing development  work  on  the  Virginia- 
Gold  Hill  copper  mine  at  French  Corral, 
says  Superintendent  J.  F.  McPherson. 
The  vein  carries  both  copper  and  gold. 
There  are  three  tunnels,  each  over  400 
feet  in  length. 

Placer    County. 

R.  Watson  says  he  has  leased  the  Haub 
mine  of  Shady  Run,  which  has  been  idle 
for  several  years.  Watson  will  repair  the 
tunnel  and  increase  development. 

Riverside  County. 

W.  H.  Trenchard,  manager  of  the  San 
Diego  Gem  Co.,  owning  the  Cahuilla  tour- 
maline mines  near  Cahuilla,  says  develop- 
ment work  has  been  started.  The  com- 
pany has  a  lapidary  shop  at  San  Diego. 

San  Diego  County. 

The  Oro  Blanco  M.  Co.  of  Banner  will 
drive  their  main  tunnel  400  feet  to  the 
Bell  mine. 

At  Mesa  Grande,  the  Himalaya  M.  Co. 
has  twelve  men  at  work  at  its  mines  and 
tourmalines  are  being  sent  to  New  York 
to  be  cut.  The  San  Diego  Tourmaline  M. 
Co.  has  mines  at  the  same  place  and  a 
lapidary  establishment  in  San  Diego. 

The  San  Diego  Gem  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated by  J.  J.  Hetzel,  D.  Wilson,  C.  O. 
Johnson,  E.  W.  Peterson  and  W.  H. 
Trenchard  of  San  Diego,  the  last  named 
being  manager.  The  company  owns  five 
gem  mines  in  San  Diego  county,  also 
others  in  Arizona  and  Lower  California, 
the  product  of  which  will  be  cut  and  pol- 
ished at  their  lapidary  establishment  in 
San  Diego. 

The  Fano  gem  mines,  bought  by  E.  A. 
Fano  (known  as  the  Fano  Kunziteii  Tour- 
maline mines),  15  miles  northeast  of  Oak 
Grove,  are  being  opened  up.1  The  ledge 
has  been  prospected  for  600  feet,  and  is 
being  developed  by  cuts  in  several  places. 

Sierra  County. 

(Special Correspondence). — L.  H.  Carver 
of  San  Francisco,  manager  of  the  Moun- 
tain mine,  near  Sierra  Buttes,  5  miles 
northeast  of  Sierra  City,  is  preparing  to 
reopen  the  property,  which  has  been  idle 
several  years.  The  mine  is  7000  feet  above 
sea  level  and  has  been  developed  by  a 
series  of  tunnels.  An  aerial  tramway  6200 
feet  in  length  connects  the  mine  with  the 
40-stamp  mill,  which  is  on  the  river,  1800 
feet  lower  in  elevation.  Twenty  stamps  in 
the  mill  will  be  dropped  to  start  with, 
until  further  development.  Belt  concen- 
trators will  be  put  in,  as  only  amalgamat- 
ing was  done  in  previous  operations.  The 
principal  development  has  been  from  No. 
3  tunnel.  A  lower  tunnel  !(No.  4)  was 
started  and  will  be  continued!  to  the  vein, 
which  contains  several  shooits.  The  ore 
values  are  mainly  in  free  gold),  with  some 
auriferous  pyrite. 

Sierra  City,  Oct.  27. 

Santa  Barbara  County. 

The  Graciosa  Oil  Co.  has  resumed  drill- 
ing on  its  first  well  near  Graciosa. 

Superintendent  Squier,  of  the  Santa 
Maria  Oil  &  Gas  Co.,  reports  drilling  pro- 
gressing.     The    Brookshirei  has    begun 

drilling  on  well  No.  2. Thb  Union   Oil 

Co.  is  laying  its  pipe  line  from  the  wells  to 
Graciosa  station.  The  new  tank,  which 
has  capacity  of  35,000  barrels,  is  com- 
pleted. Well  No.  1,  a  producer,  is  capped 
awaiting  completion  of  pipe  line.  Work 
on  well  No.  2  is  progressing. 

Siskiyou   County. 

Operations  are  being  increased  in  the 
Yellow  Rose  of  Texas,  Red  Rose,  Pirate 
of  Coffee  Creek,  Rey  Del  Norte,  May- 
flower, Larboard  Watch,  Tube  Rose,  Sal- 
mon River  and  Piedmont  quartz  mines, 
along  boundary  of  Siskiyou  and  Trinity 
counties,  on  the  headwaters  of  Salmon 
river  and  the  tributaries  of  Trinity  river, 
near  Sawyer's   Bar  and   Callahans.     All 


these  mines  are  under  the  management  of 
the  Yellow  Rose  G.  M.  Co. 

The  work  of  sinking  on  the  coal  mine 
at  the  Herr  ranch,  between  Yreka  and 
Ager,  is  progressing,  says  the  Yreka  Jour- 
nal. They  have  considerable  water  to 
contend  with.  Some  strata  of  good  coal 
have  been  found,  but  the  main  coal  body 
is  not  expected  to  be  reached  till  a  depth 
of  300  feet. 

Trinity  County. 

The  Bully choop  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
the  head  of  Indian  creek  on  Bullychoop 
mountain,  near  Shasta,  is  running  its  mill 
on  ore  resulting  from  development  in 
progress  on  No.  3  level.  They  have 
twenty  men  employed,  and  report  thirty 
tons  a  day  is  being  crushed  by  working 
the  mill  half  time.  Manager  W.  B.  Gester 
says  an  air  compressor  will  be  put  in  to 
supply  power  drills  and  a  lower  tunnel  will 
be  driven  from  the  mill  level.  This  tun- 
nel will  be  driven  on  the  vein. 

Tuolumne  County. 

The  M.  McCormick  Co.  has  bought  the 
Flat  Vein  quartz  mine  on  Bald  mountain 
(the  Cleveland  claim),  near  Columbia.  A 
fourth  interest  in  the  Lucky  Jack  quartz 
mine,  2  miles  southeast  of  Confidence,  has 
been  sold  to  J.  F.  Trailer:  also  a  fourth 
interest  to  E.  W.  Burley. 

T.  A.  Piper  and  F.  R.  Moore,  of  Santa 
Clara,  have  a  bond  to  buy  the  Morning 
Star,  Comet,  New  York,  North  Star,  Last 
Chance  and  Blue  Gravel  placer  claims  for 
$5000,  within  three  years,  during  which 
time  the  present  owners  are  to  receive  a 
royalty  of  33J?„'  of  the  net  output  of  gold. 
The  group  is  on  Table  mountain,  2  miles 
southeast  of  Tuttletown. 

The  Harvard  mine  at  Jamestown  has 
closed  down  indefinitely,  says  the  Inde- 
pendent.   At    the    Soulsby    mine    at 

Soulsbyville  sinking  the  shaft  is  in  prog- 
ress. The  8-inch  pump  is  working  satis- 
factorily.    The  mill  is  not  running  during 

the    dry    spell. J.    W.    McGinn    has 

bought  the  Golden  Thread  quartz  mine, 
near  Algerine. 

The  Dutch  mine  at  Quartz  is  running 
and  the  twenty  stamps  in  the  mill  are 
dropping    regularly.     Steam  is    used    as 

power,  with  oil  for  fuel. A  half  interest 

in  the  Hardtack  quartz  mine  has  been 
sold  to  A.  White,  of  Vallejo,   for  $10,000. 

COLORADO. 

Boulder    County. 

The  mill  of  the  Caribou  mine  at  Neder- 
land  has  been  leased  to  the  United  States 
Tungsten  Co.  for  treatment  of  tungsten 
ore.  Operations  will  be  begun  this  week 
under  superintendency  of  G.  Taylor,  sec- 
retary of  the  company. 

Chaffee  County. 

In  Goldfield,  the  Cleo  G.  M.  Co.  has  been 
organized  by  C.  R.  Miller,  L.  L.  Palmer 
and  L.  Nugent.  The  company  owns  claims 
on  Big  Girl  mountain.  Palmer  is  man- 
ager. 

The  Yankee  Blade  and  Excelsior  mines 
(the  Baxter  group),  on  Cascara  moun- 
tain, in  Gunnison  district,  have  been  sold 
to  the  Black  Queen  M.  Co.  This  group 
adjoins  the  Black  Queen  properties,  says 
W.  W.  Roller  of  Salida,  part  owner  of  the 
Yankee  Blade. 

The  management  of  the  Vivandier  mine 
at  Turret  will  build  a  50-ton  mill  to  treat 
its  low-grade  ores.  Huntington  rolls  will 
be  used. 

Clear  Creek  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).— Within  the 
next  50  feet  the  Capital  M.  &  T.  Co.,  near 
Georgetown,  expects  to  cut  the  Mills 
County  lode  at  a  depth  of  700  feet,  and 
have  200  feet  to  drive  in  the  upper  tunnel. 
The  lower  tunnel  is  in  1200  feet,  and  the 
country  rock  is  granite.  They  are  using 
one  air  drill,  but  will  put  in  a  second  one. 
The  group  is  composed  of  twenty-eight 
claims  on  Griffith  mountain.  They  have 
a  shaft  428  feet  deep  and  intend  sinking 
300  feet  deeper.  They  have  put  in  a  4- 
drill  compressor.     W.  Cooper  is  manager. 

The  Commercial  Men's  M.  M.  &  T.  T. 
Co.,  of  which  F.  L.  Miner  is  manager,  has 
three  claims  on  Leavenworth  mountain, 
and  has  a  tunnel  in  450  feet,  which  cuts 
with  250  feet  of  drift  the  Colorado  Central 
vein  at  depth  of  250  feet. 

G.  W.  Teagarden,  manager  of  the  St. 
Paul  mine,  in  eight  months  has  driven 
300  feet  of  tunnel  and  has  cleaned  out  350 
feet  of  tunnel  on  the  upper  level.  There 
are  three  sets  of  lessees  at  work.  This 
company  owns  4500  feet  of  the  Colorado 
Central  vein  and  li  miles  on  the  Curtley 
vein. 

The  Centennial  G.  M.  Co.,  D.  Kennedy 
owner,  is  being  developed.  The  shaft  is 
600  feet  deep  and  is  taking  out  ore,  and 
treating  15  tons  per  day  in  the  mill.  Some 
of  the  ore  runs  5  ounces  per  ton  in  gold, 
and  the  concentrates,  after  shipping  ore 
is  taken  out,  runs  $40  per  ton.  Negotia- 
tions are  pending  for  sale  of  this  mine  and 
if  closed,  it  is  understood  a  100-ton  mill 
will  be  built. 

The  Kelly  tunnel,  which  has  been  closed 


OOTOBBB  31,    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


293 


down  since  September,  is  expected  to  re- 
main cloeed  until  after  the  stockholders' 
ing  in  January,  1904. 
Georgetown,  Oct.  25. 

Special  I lorn  spondence  i.  -The  Empire 
tunnel  is  in  one-half  mile  and  has  rut  twelve 
veins.  Driving  tin-  tunnel  haa  been  bus- 
pended  temporarily  while  work  is  being 
Bone  on  tlir  dam  in  Increase  capacity. 
Tli.'.v  expeol  tu  iir  working  again  in  the 
tunnel  Nov.  1"<. 

Empire,  <  let.  26. 

(Special  Correal lence). — The  Com- 
modore M.  Co.  baa  i's  tunnel  on  Red 
nit  Mt.,  near  Lawson.  in  120(1  feet. 
pect  to  drive  it  to  2400  feet.  The 
tunnel  is  8x8  feet.  They  are  running  two 
machine  drills  in  1 he  breast. 

I.awsnn.  «  ii-t.  !!'''. 

S| iul  ( 'nrrospondencel. — Tin'  Bonietu 

mill  la  dropping  twenty  stamps-  nil  they 
can  handle  at  present  with  water  power; 
hut    they   expect   in  lie  using  steam  next 

week.     i".  P.  Reed  is  manager. -1.  G. 

Kuhi'i'ts  nf  the  Jackson  Concentrator  has 
his  mill  running  full  capacity. 

'I'll.-  Alpine  mill  is  in  operation.  This 
mill  has  been  overhauled  and  repaired. 

Idaho  Springs,  (let.  26, 

i  Special  <  lorrespondence). — An  efficient 
powder  thawer  is  in  use  by  W.  Cooper, 
manager  Capital  M.&  T.Co.,  near  George- 
town, arranged  as  follows:  A  small  pipe  is 
laid  from  the  exhaust  of  the  engine  to  a 
small  building  about  .'III  to  40  feet  from 
boiler  house  and  connected  to  a  radiator. 
This,  it  is  claimed,  will  thaw  powder  in 
large  quantities  with  safety  and  no  ex- 
pense, as  it  uses  exhaust  steam. 

( leorgetnwn.  Oct.  25. 

It  is  reported  that  the  Red  Oak  M.  Co. 
will  increase  operations  on  its  group,  near 

G 'getown.       Electric    wire    has    been 

strung  from  Georgetown  to  the  mine  and 
an  electric  motor  set  up  at  the  Scepter 
tunnel  for  running  the  suction  ventilating 
fans.  The  crosscut  from  the  Scepter  to 
the  Astor  vein  will  be  continued,  and  the 
directors  will  let  a  number  of  leases  in  the 
Scepter  level,  in  addition  to  those  in  oper- 
ation on  the  Sunburst. 

•Secretary  Marihugh  of  the  Marshall- 
Russell  M.  Co.,  operating  near  George- 
town, says  they  will  resume  work  of  driv- 
ing the  main  tunnel.  The  Marshall-Rus- 
sell Co.  has  a  group  on  MiUer  mountain, 
which  adjoins  Covode  mountain  on  the 
east,  and  is  driving  a  crosscut  tunnel  to 
develop  them.  The  course  of  their  tun- 
nel is  nearly  parallel  with  the  Empire 
tunnel  and  its  entrance  is  1  mile  east  of 
the  Empire  tunnel  mouth,  the  lodes  to  be 
cut  being  the  eastern  extensions  of  those 
of  the  Empire  Co.     The  tunnel  is  in  500 

feet. 

Dolores  County. 

G.  Lawrence  has  a  lease  on  a  block  of 
United  Rico  M.  Co.'s  ground  at  Rico,  and 
has  started  work. Hedrick  &  Ditch- 
field,  lessees  on  United  Rico  M.  Co.'s 
ground,  are  shipping  ore  to  the  smelter  at 

Durango. Miller,   Reid,    Lee  &  Moore 

are  shipping  a  carload  of  concentrates  to 
Durango  from  their  lease  on  the  Vestal 
mine  dump. 

J.  Mundt  is  doing  development  work  on 
the  Hibernian  lode,  near  Rico. 

Gilpin  County. 

The  Mutual  Benefit  G.  M.  Co.  has  un- 
watered  its  Pleasant  View  mine  on  Gun- 
nell  hill,  near  Central  City.  Development 
work  will  be  resumed  in  the  lower  levels. 
Ore  is  being  shipped  from  the  upper 
levels,  says  Superintendent  W.  C.  Car- 
negie. 

The  Fortunate  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  been 
incorporated  by  M.  U.  Randel,  G.  E. 
Prehle,  R.  S.  Beall,  E.  W.  Morse  and 
A.  M.  Stevenson,  to  operate  the  New 
Hampshire  and  Fortunate  group  of  claims 
near  the  head  of  Lump  gulch,    in  Central 

mining  district,  near  Rollinsville. It  is 

reported  the  War  Eagle  mine,  on  War 
Eagle  hill,  between  Perigo  and  Gilpin,  will 
resume. 

Work  on  the  mill  at  Phoenix  for  the 
Blue  Grass  M.  &  M.  Co.  is  under  way. 
The  plant  will  be  equipped  with  ten  rapid- 
drop  stamps  with  cast  iron  concentrating 
tables,  and  also  tables  for  slimes,  and  will 
be  both  amalgamating  and  concentrating. 
The  power  equipment  will  consist  of  a 
25  H.  P.  slide-valve  engine  and  60  H.  P. 
boiler.  The  mill  is  being  built  on  Beaver 
creek  and  is  expected  to  be  ready  for  op- 
eration by  Jan.  1.  At  the  Lone  Star  mine 
of  this  company  development  work  is  pro- 
gressing in  south  crosscut  at  depth  of  151 
feet,  which  has  been  driven  in  120  feet,  re- 
ports Superintendent  R.  L.  Alexander. 

Machinery  is  being  put  in  at  the  Gilpin 
group,  near  the  head  of  Lump  gulch,  near 
Rollinsville,  which  is  underlease  and  bond 
to  Omaha,  Neb.,  parties. 

On  the  Federal  mine  at  the  head  of 
Graham  gulch,  near  Russell  Gulch,  build- 
ings are  going  up  and  Superintendent  R. 
Hughes  is  putting  in  a  hoist  and  a  30 
H.  P.  boiler.  The  plant  is  on  the  Federal 
shaft,  which  is  75  feet  deep,   and   sinking 


will  be  resumed  to  a  depth  nf  200  feet. 
The  Federal  G.  M.  Co.  has  b.-en  incorpo- 
rated, with  .1.  V.  Church,  W.  li.  Lewis, 
F.  E.  Mulvihill  and  B.  F.  Threewit  as 
directors.  The  company  is  operating 
both  the  Foderal  and  Becky  Sharp 

Gunnison  County. 

I).    I.    Stuart   &    Co.  are   preparing   tu 

work    their    Italian    mountain    pro] 
near  Crested  Butte. 

At  the  Yankee  Blade  tunnel,  it  is  expect* 
ed.  work  will  be  resumed  next  Week  and 
continue  during  the  winter.  The  drift  will 
be  extended  until  the  Excelsior  territory 
is  reached  and  will  then  follow  the  in 
entire  length  nf  the  claim.  The  pri 
Augusta  tram  will  take  the  ore  down  the 
mountain  by  a  spur  connected  with  the 
Yankee  Blade,  and  both  tunnel-  will 
thereby  lie  furnished  transportation 
through  the  one  main  line,  which  will  be 
2  miles  in  length,  says  the  F.Ik  Ml.  Pilot. 
The  Augusta  sawmill  is  cutting  timbers 
to  be  used  in  construction  nf  derricks  and 
buildings.  Drifting  nil  the  Augusta  vein 
is  progressing. 

Ltikc    County. 

The  Damascus  M.  Co.,  of  New  Vnrk, 
has  a  lease  on  tin.'  Maud  Hieks  mine,  near 
Leadville,  and  has  begun  operations.  Ma- 
chinery has  been  put  in.  including  a  hoist, 
and  the  Maud  Hicks  shaft  is  being  cleaned 
out  and  retimbered.  The  Maud  Hicks  is 
near  the  Ibex  ground,  toward  the  south. 

The  zinc  production  from  Leadville 
camp  at  present  will  average  7500  tons 
daily,  says  the  Carbonate  Chronicle.  Of 
this  amount,  5000  tons  is  sorted  zinc  min- 
eral and  concentrates  and  the  rest  is  dump 
material. 

The  Fryer  Hill  M.  Co.  has  its  pumps 
running  in  the  Pride  of  the  West  shaft  at 
Leadville  and  will  put  the  shaft  down.  It 
is  not  expected  that  any  great  depth  will 
be  required,  as  the  new  shaft  is  already 
down  330  feet-  and  in  the  contact.  It  is 
being  sunk  to  catch  the  Progressive  ore 
shoot.  From  the  El  Paso  and  other  work- 
ings the  company  has  increased  its  ship- 
ments and  expects  for  month  of  October 
to  make  tonnage  of  4000  tons  of  ore. 

The  Great  Central  M.  Co.  has  been  or- 
ganized to  develop  a  group  of  claims  near  ■ 
Oro,  including  the  Leo,  Miner's  Hope  and 
Seven-Twenty.  St.  Louis  people  are  in- 
terested, says  Superintendent  Deweese, 
formerly  with  the  Printer  Boy. 

La  Plttta  County. 

The  Pay  Day  mine,  near  La  Plata,  has 
been  sold  to  D.  G.  Miller  of  Denver  for 
$50,000. 

The  Bonnie  Girl  M.  Co.,  operating  in 
La  Plata  mountains,  20  miles  west  of  Du- 
rango, reports  having  improvements  un- 
der way.  These  consist  of  a  100-ton 
stamp  mill,  equipped  for  cyanide  treat- 
ment of  the  ores,  offices,  laboratory,  etc., 
together  with  a  gravity  system  of  tram 
cars  for  transporting  ore  from  mine  to 
mill.  The  mill  will  be  run  by  water 
power  during  greater  part  of  the  year, 
but  a  steam  plant  will  also  be  installed  to 
supplement  this.  The  group  comprises 
several  claims,  covering  the  ore  bodies  of 
the  "Baker  contact, "  which  shows  aver- 
age value  of  $4.50  in  gold  and  one  ounce 
in  silver  per  ton,  The  ore  will  be  mined 
from  open  quarries  and  transported  by 
gravity  tram  cars  into  the  crushers  at  the 
mill.  Boston  and  Denver  men  are  inter- 
ested. 

Hinsdale  County. 

The  Black  Crook  M.  Co.  is  having  500 
tons  of  ore  milled  as  a  test  in  the  Golden 
Fleece  mill,  near  Lake  City,  to  determine 
if  it  should  build  a  mill. A  new  hoist- 
ing plant  is  being  set.  up  at  the  Ohio 
group,  in  Poverty  gulch,  says  Manager 
Sherbino.  The  shaft  Is  down  130  feet  and 
shows  a  body  of  iron  ore  carrying  values 
in  gold. 

Saguache  County. 

A  100-ton  smelter  will  be  built  at  Villa 
Grove  by  the  Steel  Canyon  M.,  M.  &  I. 
Co.  of  Florence,  says  the  Times.  They 
have  opened  ore  in  three  of  their  proper- 
ties and  only  the  higher  grade  rock  is  be- 
ing shipped,  pending  erection  of  their 
smelter. 

San  Miguel  County. 

Operations  are  again  under  way  in  the 
mines  and  mill  of  the  Tomboy  G.  M.,  Ltd., 
near  Telluride: 

Summit  County. 

The  Michigan  mine,  on  Sheep  moun- 
tain,  near   Kokomo,   is  shipping  lead  ore. 

P.  R.  Arnold  has  started  work  on  his 

group,  which  adjoins  the  Wilfley  mine. 

Teller  County. 

President  D.  Hanley  of  the  Cripple 
Creek  Enterprise  M.  Co.,  at  Cripple  Creek, 
last  week  resumed  work  with  non-union 
men  on  the  lease  the  company  has  on  the 
Deadwood  claim,  owned  by  the  United 
Mines  Co. 

The  Cripple  Creek  Times  gives  the  fol- 
lowing list  of  men  working  in  the  mines, 
mills,  samplers  and   plants   that  are  de- 


clared "unfair"  by  the  Western   Federa- 
tion of  Miners: 

Stratum's  Independence,  Ltd 

K!  Paso  ^  Lessees  160 

ESlktonA  Lessees  184 

Vindicator  &  Iiessees. .  119 

St  n  mi-'  85 

Gold    I  •"in  TU 

Golden  I                       -  i  <  m  j 

Doited  M mis  Lessees  mi 

Mars  McKlnney  62 

ii 

Auaconitii  Lessees  tu 

Anchoriui.i'iiiii'i  -^  Lessees  35 

c.  c.  Enterprise  .*  Lessees.  it 

C.  K.&N  B8 

Abe  Lincoln  35 

Gold  Sovereign  Lessees  81 

SnurtloO  ............    21 

Lust  Dollar.  .    :u 

Oldllolil  21 

Cressoc                            1^ 

Morning  Star  Lessees  it 

Km  Inks  Leasing  Co  15 

Rocky  Mountain  ....      fi 

i  jbxistmas  ....      6 

Isabella  Lessees  16 

Aji.X  .V   Lessees  88 

Doctor-.llick  Pot    Lessees  ill, 

Taylor  &  Brunton  Sampler 88 

Rio  Grande  Sampler 12 

Eaple  Sampler 21 

C.  C.  SamplInK  &  Ore  Co 25 

Economic  Mill 45 

La  Bella  M.  W.  &  P.  Co 21 

Colorado  Tradine  &  Transfer  Co.,  Ore  Haulers  50 

Total    ...  17K0 

The  total  output  for  month  of  October 
is  expected  to  reach  a  total  of  30.000  tons 
of  $1,500,000  value.  Few  of  the  mines  are 
working  more  than  two  shifts,  but  begin- 
ning November  1st  will  put  on  three. 
The  Findley  mine  has  thirty-two  air  drills 
in  operation. 

IDAHO. 

Blaine   County. 

The  Oregon  Short  Line  traffic  depart- 
ment has  announced  a  rate  of  $4  per  ton 
on  low-grade  ores  shipped  from  Hailey,  in 
Wood  River  district,  to  the  Salt  Lake 
smelters. 

Boise  County. 

J.  Turtle  has  a  bond  on  the  Champion 
and  Eureka  quartz  claims,  which  are  east 
extensions  of  the  Gambrinus  mine,  in 
Gambrinus  district,  near  Idaho  City.  Ore 
has  been  taken  from  a  shaft  sunk  on  the 
Champion.  Turtle  will  run  a  tunnel  to 
tap  the  ledge  at  depth. 

J.  T.  Hodson  of  Boise,  manager  of  the 
Lincoln  mine  and  mill,  says  the  mill  is 
being  run  by  electricity,  replacing  the 
gasoline  engine  formerly  used. 

Elmore   County. 

Operations  will  be  resumed  at  the  Old 
Bonaparte  mine  near  Atlanta — a  former 
producer — which  had  been  closed  down 
for  several  years.  The  property  is 
equipped  with  a  20-stamp  mill  and  other 
machinery.  E.  Hayden  of  Boise  is  man- 
ager. The  mine  is  4  miles  east  of  Rocky 
Bar. 

Idaho  Coonty. 

The  Crackerjack  M.  Co.,  operating  at 
Buffalo  Hump,  will  put  in  a  fifty-ton  cya- 
nide plant  and  a  four-drill  compressor, 
says  W.  A.  Stephens  of  Spokane,  Wash., 
manager  of  the  Crackerjack.  The  cya- 
nide plant  will  handle  the  tailings,  as 
they  will  put  in  a  Huntington  mill  behind 
the  stamps.  Two  more  tunnels  will  be 
started. 

Near  Warren,  at  the  Hixie  mine,  which 
is  being  developed  by  Hathaway  &  Co.  of 
New  York,  they  are  putting  up  a  mill, 
having  moved  down  the  Goodenough 
plant  of  ten  stamps  from  Steamboat 
creek. 

Lincoln  County. 

N.  M.  Ruick  of  Boise  and  J.  E.  Lane  of 
Shoshone,  for  W.  A.  Clark  et  al.  of  Butte, 
Mont.,  owning  land  surrounding  Sho- 
shone, have  filed  with  the  State  Engineer 
an  application  to  divert  2000  cubic  feet 
per  second  of  the  waters  of  Snake  river  to 
be  used  for  developing  electric  power. 
The  power  house  will  be  below  Shoshone 
falls.  The  water  will  be  conveyed  thereto 
by  a  tunnel  2000  feet  in  length.  It  is  pro- 
posed to  generate  48,000  H.  P.  Associated 
with  Clark  are  J.  A.  Creighton  and 
Dewey  &  Stone  of  Omaha,  Neb. 

Shoshone  County. 

The  annual  report  of  the  manager  of 
the  Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan  M.  &  C.  Co., 
operating  a  group  of  silver-lead  mines 
near  Wardner,  shows  a  total  of  260,070 
tons  of  concentrating  ore  mined  at  a  cost 
of  $544,650  and  430  tons  of  shipping  ore  at 
$2721.  The  ore  was  obtained  from  the 
separate  mines  in  the  following  ratio: 
Sullivan,  1.05%;  Bunker  Hill,  33.07%: 
Stemwinder,  61.13%;  Tyler,  3.85%.  Gross 
value  of  concentrates  and  shipping  ore 
was  $1,623,200;  freight  and  treatment 
charges  and  discounts,  $725,562:  total 
operating  costs  at  Wardner,  $685,946. 
The  operating  costs  were  divided  as 
follows: 

Total.    Per  ton. 

Stoplnp S547.372        *2  101 

Tramming 34,656  0  095 

Concentrating 61,793         0  237 

Shipping 6,996         0  027 

Superintendent  and  office 24,549         0  094 

Legal  services 4,200        0  016 

Contingent  expense 16,380         0  063 

Totals (6&5,946        t2  633 


Following  are  detailed 

blaoksm 
Tunbannen  and  oarpeoters 
Miners 
Car  men 
Shovelers 

Power  Inner 

Repair  labor  . 

Explosives 
Illiimitiitnts. 

Lubricants 

li ninl    steel 

Miscellaneous  supplies 
Timber  and  lugging 

Power  supplies 

W I 

Stable  and  stock 
Exploration 


ensts   ,,f  mining: 

Total.     Per  ton. 

■  67,981 

17,408 

111.3511 
31.7111 
178,878 
8,819 
8,860 
•-':!.?  it 

9,1125 
lull 

5.1175 
10,085 
58,821 


m.2:u 

2.153 
0.23; 


HI  261 

11  067 

II  129 

II  122 

II  IKS 

0  1133 

0  038 

11  1  in-.' 

11  1135 

11  mil 

0  mi' 

0  039 

(I  205 

II  llll 
0  039 

0  008 

11  1121 


Totals,  1544,650       »3  094 

The  total  production  was  less  than   that 

of  the  preceding  year.    At  tin-  beginning 

el  1  lie  present  calendar  year  the  sloping 
force  was  red  need  :t.V'(,.  decreasing  the 
tonnage  of  ore  mined.  But.  the  grade  of 
nre  handled  was  so  maintained  that  the 
yield  of  shipping  product  was  but  slightly 
decreased  under  that  of  preceding  months 
and  the  cost  per  ton  of  both  shipping 
product  and  rtin-of-mine  ore  was  reduced. 
The  most  important  feature  of  the  year's 
development  work  was  completing  con- 
nections between  all  mines  of  the  group 
and  the  Kellogg  tunnel.  This  suspended 
operation  of  the  aerial  tramway  and  af- 
fords a  direct  outlet  to  the  concentrator 
for  all  the  ore,  as  well  as  giving  ventila- 
tion and  drainage.  Machinery  is  being 
put  in  to  use  electrical  power  in  both 
mills  and  mines. 

The  Highland  Chief  mine,  in  Pine 
Creek  district,  near  Wardner,  reports 
having  cut  through  12  feet  of  carbonates 
in  the  lower  tunnel.  The  strike  was  made 
on  a  contact  vein.  The  tunnel  had  been 
driven  850  feet,  giving  a  depth  of  500  feet. 
When  the  vein  was  tapped  water  poured 
in  on  the  miners,  forcing  them  from  the 
face,  and  4  inches  are  flowing  from  its 
mouth,  rendering  work  difficult.  The 
mine  is  under  bond  for  $150,000  to  B.  L. 
Grant.  A.  M.  Phillips,  J.  E.  King,  C.  C. 
Whitney  and  C.  W.  Stanton  of  St.  Paul. 
Minn.  In  driving  the  tunnel  four  veins 
were  cut. 

MICHIGAN. 

Houghton  County. 

The  management  of  the  Winona  mine 
at  Winona  will  sink  No.  2  shaft  to  the 
sixth  level  this  winter,  Bringing  it  to 
equal  depth  with  No.  1,  and  all  drifts  will 
be  opened  through. 

The  Osceola  Con.  M.  Co.,  near  Calumet, 
reports  that  the  production  of  the  com- 
pany, which-for  the  month  of  September 
amounted  to  800  tons  refined  copper,  will 
be  increased  through  careful  selection  of 
the  rock  to  1000  tons  per  month,  or  at 
rate  of  24,000,000  pounds  of  copper  per 
annum. 

Houghton  reports  say  a  shortage  of 
miners  exists  in  the  lake  copper  country. 
Some  of  the  mines  have  drills  to  operate 
and  stopes  in  which  to  place  them,  but 
cannot  find  enough  men,  although  many 
are  being  thrown  out  of  work  in  the  iron 
country. 

Keweenaw  County. 

The  hoist  and  compressor  bought  by 
the  Ahmeek  mine,  near  Allouez,  from  the 
Meadow  mine,  will  be  set  up  at  No.  1  shaft. 

MISSOURI. 

-I:is|ht  County. 

The  exodus  of  miners  to  Cripple  Creek, 
Colo.,  Arizona  and  California,  as  strike 
breakers,  has  made  machine  men  scarce 
in  Joplin  district. 

The  Ishpeming  M.  Co.  has  material  on 
the  ground  to  build  a  100-ton  mill  at 
Reeds. 

The  Con.  Troup  M.  Co.  mines  No.  1 
and  No.  2,  near  Webb  City,  are  running 
steadily  and  mill  No.  3  has  been  put  in 
running  order,  to  mill  dirt  from  an  ad- 
joining shaft. 

The  Lima  M.  Co.,  since  sinking  a  new 
shaft  and  cutting  for  air  to  the  pump 
shaft,  has  drifted  southeast  and  opened 
up  a  good  prospect,  says  the  Joplin  News- 
Herald,  and  is  running  the  mill  on  half 
time.  Work  will  be  resumed  from  the 
south  shaft. 

The  Ora  May  M.  Co.,  of  Joplin,  has 
been  incorporated  by  E.  O.  Bartlett,  J. 
P.  Wise,  H.  Murphy,  D.  M.  Sayers  and 
J.  H.  Spencer. 

The  Florence  F.  mine,  near  Prosperity, 
will  resume  operations.  A  shaft  will  be 
sunk  on  a  drill  hole  200  feet  west  of  the 
mill.  In  drilling,  ore  was  struck  75  to  85 
feet  in  lead,  jack  and  lead  140  to  165  feet, 
and  high-grade  cuttings  from  206  to  230 
feet.  Two  other  drill  holes  showed  same 
formation  in  lower  level. 

The  Chapman  M.  Co.,  at  Prosperity,  is 
running  its  mill  steadily  with  satisfactory 
results,  says  the  News-Herald.  The  com- 
pany has  put  in  a  sludge  table,  is  building 
roads  and  putting  the  ground  in  shape. 

The  Daisy  Bell  M.  Co.,  composed  of  J. 
Boyd  of  Carthage  and  St.  Louis  men,  is 
making  output  of  thirty-five  tons  of  jack 
per  week.  They  are  working  with  five 
hand  jigs   and   six   men   in    the  ground. 


294 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31,  1903. 


Their  lease  covers  sixty-five  acres,  and 
the  Seven  Devils  mine  on  another  part  of 
the  lease  is  making  similar  output  to  the 
Daisy  Bell  mine.  The  tract  is  1J  mile 
south  of  Smithfield. 

The  Lill  M.  Co.,  on  the  Cherokee  lease, 
near  Joplin,  will  work  the  upper  level, 
having  good  face  of  ore  to  start  on.  The 
company  has  been  prospecting  with  drills. 
The  Crescent  M.  Co.,  on  the  Fore- 
stall &  O'Donald  lease,  has  leased  four  lots 
on  the  O'Neill  lease,  adjoining  them  on 
the  east,  and  a  drill  is  prospecting  the 
ground  to  locate  continuation  of  the  run 
of  ore  on  which  they  have  been  running. 
The  company,  in  cutting  the  prospect 
drifts,  produced  607,447  pounds  of  zinc 
from  August  3  to  September  30,  and  sold 
at  average  price  of  $36  per  ton. 

MONTANA. 

Beaverhead  County. 

A  strike  of  silver  ore  is  reported  made 
on  the  Christie  claim,  in  Bryant  mining 
district,  at  Helena,  owned  by  H.  J.  Just, 
C.  Christie  and  J.  Haylor.  It  is  west  of 
the  Hecla  claim,  and  the  shaft  is  down  26 
feet. 

Fergus    County. 

The  owners  of  the  Victor  group  of  min- 
ing claims  on  Plum  creek,  1  mile  north  of 
the  Kendall  group,  in  the  North  Moccasin 
mountains,  near  Kendall,  are  preparing  to 
increase  development.  The  claims  are 
owned  by  W.  L.  Martin,  S.  &  H.  Arm- 
strong and  M.  Dunn  of  Great  Falls.  The 
Victor  group  shows  a  vein  carrying  a 
shoot  of  galena  1  foot  wide  and  assaying 
$25. 

The  Gold  Reef  mine  (formerly  the  Gilt 
Edge),  the  Barnes-King  and  the  Kendall 
mines,  near  Kendall,  are  turning  out 
monthly  $130,000  and  employing  350  men, 
says  the  Argus.  E.  W.  King  is  also  pres- 
ident of  the  Alder  Gulch  M.  Co.,  in  the 
Little  Rockies,  which  property  is  turning 
out  $10,000  a  month.  A  new  mill  is  run- 
ning. 

Flathead  County. 

The  Libby  M.  Co.  has  given  an  option 
and  bond  on  its  Ida,  a  quartz  claim  in 
West  Fisher  district,  Libby,  to  F.  E.  Lu- 
cas of  Spokane,  Wash.  In  addition  to 
the  claim  the  company  owns  a  2-stamp 
mill,  which  is  on  the  mine  and  included  in 
the  deal.  Lucas  will  begin  development 
work  this  week.  The  property  is  in  Fourth 
of  July  gulch,  2  miles  from  Cabinet,  and 
adjoins  the  Illinois  and  Montana  proper- 
ties. The  vein  is  2  feet  wide  between  slate 
walls.  The  values  are  in  free  milling  gold. 

Granite  County. 

The  Hope  mill,  near  Phillipsburg,  was 
started  up  last  week,  after  having  been 
shut  down  for  two  years.  Both  steam  and 
water  power  are  used.  The  first  run  is 
on  rich  ore  which  has  been  stored  in  the 
mill.  As  soon  as  this  is  disposed  of  the 
ore  in  the  ore  bins  at.  the  mine  and  near 
the  mouth  of  the  Jubilee  tunnel  will  be 
run  through. 

Jefferson  County. 

P.  F.  Dowling,  working  the  Hiawatha 
mine,  in  Cataract  district,  near  Basin,  is 
putting  on  more  men  and  is  shipping 
smelting  ore.  The  ore  is  quartzose  and  car- 
ries values  in  gold  and  silver,  and  is  used 
in  the  converters  in  the  smelters.  Dow- 
ling is  also  working  the  Custer,  adjoining, 
and  is  tapping  this  claim  through  the  tun- 
nel on  the  Hiawatha.  The  tunnel  is  in 
400  feet  and  will  tap  the  Custer  at  depth 
of  130  feet. 

The  B.  F.  Forbes'  interests  in  thirteen 
claims  in  Dry  Creek  district  have  been 
sold  to  F.  A.  Heinze  of  Butte.  They  are 
the  iron  claims. 

It  is  reported  work  will  be  resumed  on 
the  White  Pine  group  of  claims  in  Cata- 
ract district,  near  Basin.  They  have  a 
shaft  down  500  feet.  H.  Turner  of  Sag- 
inaw, Mich.,  is  superintendent  and  man- 
ager. 

Lewis   and  Clarke  County. 

Mulvahill  &  Ely  of  Helena  have  an  op- 
tion for  a  bond  on  a  group  of  claims  near 
Rimini.  They  are  running  a  crosscut  to 
tap  the  lead  at  the  75-foot  level.    • 

Madison  County. 

The  Fortune  group  of  mines  has  been 
sold  to  a  company  of  St.  Paul  and  Minne- 
apolis mining  men,  with  W.  H.  Nichols  of 
Butte.  R.  Cook  of  Virginia  City  is  man- 
ager. They  will  build  a  concentrator  to 
have  a  capacity  of  fifty  tons  per  day.  The 
group  is  located  on  Williams  gulch,  4 
miles  west  of  Virginia  City,  and  comprises 
300  acres.  The  Fortune  claim  is  patented 
and  developed  by  a  tunnel  330  feet  long 
and  a  200-foot  shaft  near  the  mouth  of  the 
tunnel.  There  are  eight  claims  in  the 
group. 

Operations  are  suspended  temporarily  at 
the  Watseca  mine,  near  Rochester,  be- 
cause of  the  large  amount  of  water.  The 
pump  at  the  600-foot  level  and  two  on  the 
450-foot  level  are  drowned,  but  with  five 
smaller  pumps  on  the  400-foot  level,  they 
are  preparing  to  put  in  heavier  pumps. 

Work  on  the  Broadway  mine,  at  Silver 


Star,  has  resumed,  and  the  mill  that  was 
burned  will  be  rebuilt.  Superintendent 
Dahler  is  working  the  Hudson,  adjoining, 
and  is  taking  out  ore. 

Silver  Bow   County. 

Judge  Clancy,  in  the  District  Court  of 
the  second  judicial  district  of  Montana, 
has  rendered  a  decision  in  the  MacGinniss 
suit  for  a  receiver  for  the  Boston  &  Mon- 
tana M.  Co.,  temporarily  refusing  to  ap- 
point a  receiver,  but  issuing  an  order  to 
restrain  the  Boston  &  Montana  M.  Co. 
from  transferring  its  stock  to  the  Amal- 
gamated C.  Co.  or  from  paying  any  divi- 
dends to  that  corporation.  The  Minnie 
Healey  case  is  decided  in  favor  of  F.  A. 
Heinze.  As  a  result  of  these  decisions,  all 
the  properties  of  the  Amalgamated  C.  Co. 
in  Montana  have  been  closed  down  by  the 
management,  and  it  is  estimated  that 
15,000  men  are  idle.  The  following  prop- 
erties are  affected  by  the  shut  down:  In 
Butte — Boston  &  Montana  mines,  Anacon- 
da mines,  Syndicate  group,  Butte  &  Boston 
mines,  Parrott  group,  Colorado  Co.'s 
mines,  Washoe  group,  Colorado  smelter, 
Butte  &  Boston  smelter,  the  Butte,  Ana- 
conda &  Pacific  railroad;  at  Anaconda — 
Washoe  smelter,  lime  kilns,  Anaconda 
foundry,  brick  yards;  at  Great  Falls — Bos- 
ton &  Montana  smelter;  at  Belt — Belt 
Coal  &  Coke  Co.;  at  Bonner — Black- 
foot  Lumber  Co.;  at  Horr — Horr  Coal 
&  Coke  Co.;  at  Diamondville — Diamond- 
ville  Coal  Co.,  curtailing  production; 
Pleasant  Valley  Co. ;  in  Jefferson  county — 
Lime  and  silica  quarries.  In  Butte  the 
company  employs  6500  men;  in  the  smelt- 
ers at  Anaconda,  Butte  and  Great  Falls, 
5000  men.     A  pay  roll  of  $50,000  a  day  is 

cut  off  in  Butte. An  appeal   from   the 

decision  has  been  taken  to  the  Supreme 
Court,  but  it  is  thought  it  may  take  sev- 
eral months  before  a  hearing  can  be  ob- 
tained. The  duration  of  the  shut  down 
is  uncertain. 

NEVADA. 

Eureka  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  A.  Fraser 
and  J.  Fine,  working  the  Cyanide  claim 
on  Adams  hill,  have  obtained  values  from 
shipping  ore  sacked  from  old  dump.  De- 
velopment work  will   be  increased. F. 

&■  D.  Harris,  working  the  Bullwhacker, 
are  increasing  developments  and  making 
shipments. 

There  are  200  shafts,  drifts  and  open 
cuts  on  Adams  hill,  from  which  $4,000,000 
have  been  taken,  but  none  of  these  work- 
ings exceed  100  feet  in  depth.  The  forma- 
tion is  quartzite  and  limestone,  with  a 
porphyry  dike  running  from  southeast  to 
northwest.  This  ore  can  be  handled  by 
cyanide  treatment  and  averages  $7  in 
gold  and  silver. 

Eureka,  Oct.  27. 

Lander  County. 

P.  Porter  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
manager  of  the  Keystone  group  of  mines 
at  Cortez,  says  development  work  is  pro- 
gressing and  ore  shipments  have  begun. 
In  the  tunnel  4  feet  of  ore  averaging  12% 
copper,  25  ounces  silver  and  19%  lead  has 
been  opened  at  400  feet  in  the  tunnel. 
Lincoln  County. 

A  half  interest  in  the  Chief  mine,  be- 
tween De  Lamar  and  Panaca,  has  been 
bonded  to  Whitmore  &  McDermott,  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  for  $20,000.  A 
body  of  ore  has  been  opened  up  and  by 
the  terms  of  the  bond  a  cyanide  plant, 
capable  of  handling  thirty  tons  per  day, 
will  be  put  in.  It  is  reported  the  vein 
averages  $9  per  ton. 

Lyon  County. 

The  Nevada  Chief  mine  at  Rockland  is 
shut  down,  throwing  fifteen  men  out  of 
employment. 

Manager  Rae  of  the  Como-Eureka  mine 
in  Como,  near  Dayton,  says  the  water 
supply  for  his  milling  plant  has  been  cut 
off.  The  Como-Eureka  is  in  Como  dis- 
trict, while  the  North  Rapidan  mine  is  in 
the  Palmyra  district,  the  elevation  of  the 
former  being  several  hundred  feet  higher 
than  that  of  the  latter,  says  the  Virginia 
Report.  Before  the  North  Rapidan  drain 
tunnel  had  attained  its  present  leDgth  of 
2000  feet,  there  was  an  abundance  of  water 
available  in  the  Como-Eureka  shaft  for 
supplying  the  mill  batteries,  but  this  sup- 
ply gave  out,  due  to  the  water  finding  its 
way  through  crevices  in  the  formation  to 
the  North  Rapidan  tunnel  level,  which  ac- 
counts in  a  measure  for  increase  in  flow  of 
water- through  the  tunnel,  which  has  also 
drained  the  main  shaft  of  the  North  Rap- 
idan mine.  As  the  Como-Eureka  is  near 
the  summit  of  the  Como  range,  Manager 
Rae  says  to  obtain  a  supply  of  water  for 
the  mill  batteries  he  will  have  to  sink  the 
Como-Eureka  shaft  to  water  level  or  move 
the  mill  to  a  lower  altitude.  The  company 
owning  the  Como-Eureka  has  expended 
$30,000  in  installing  a  dynamo  plant  on  the 
Carson  river  at  Dayton  and  building  a 
pole  line  to  its  property  for  transmission 
of  power  to  operate  its  mill  and  hoisting 
plant. 


Storey  County. 

Work  at  the  Ward  shaft  at  Gold  Hill, 
on  the  Comstock,  is  under  full  headway, 
and  three  shifts  of  four  men  each  are  re- 
pairing the  shaft.  This  will  be  continued 
to  the  1675-foot  level,  or  Sutro  tunnel 
level,  when  a  drift  will  be  run  275  feet  to 
the  east  to  connect  with  the  south  lat- 
eral. 

There  are  twenty-five  mines  in  opera- 
tion on  the  Comstock  lode  at  present,  ex- 
clusive of  those  interested  in  the  drainage 
of  the  Ward  shaft  between  Gold  Hill  and 
Virginia  City.  The  Bullion,  Alpha,  Julia 
and  Exchequer  are  included  in  the  num- 
ber defraying  the  expenses  of  recovering 
the  lower  levels  by  that  method.  The 
Davis  drill  on  the  Brunswick  and  the  But- 
ters Cyanide  Co.  are  not  included  in  the 
above  figures. 

Washoe  County. 

E.  S.  Bach  of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo., 
secretary  of  the  Con.  Nevada  M.  Co., 
says  operations  will  be  resumed  on  their 
group  near  the  Wedekind  mine,  near 
Reno.  Development  will  be  carried  on  to 
determine  if  the  Reno  Star  ore  body  con- 
tinues its  trend  through  their  property. 
A.  F.  Price  is  superintendent  and  man- 
ager. 

"White  Pine  County. 

A.  D.  Campton  has  men  at  work  taking 
out  high-grade  silver-lead  ore  from  the 
Stromberg  mine  in  Duck  Creek  district, 
near  Ely.  The  mine  is  owned  by  Camp- 
ton  &  McGill. 

The  Butte  gold  mine,  lying  parallel 
with  the  Maggie  Maud,  being  worked 
under  lease  by  Miller  &  Peterson,  in  Coco- 
mungo  canyon,  5  miles  south  of  Cherry 
creek,  has  men  at  work  sinking  a  work- 
ing shaft  on  a  ledge  of  free  gold  ore. 

NEW    MEXICO. 

J.  E.  Sheridan,  United  States  mine  in- 
spector for  New  Mexico,  in  his  annual 
report  shows  the  coal  mining  industry  of 
the  Territory  to  be  increasing,  both  by 
reason  of  increased  operation  and  favor- 
able showings  made  in  new  fields  being 
opened.  Production  for  the  fiscal  year 
ending  June  30,  1903,  was  1,350,530  tons, 
an  increase  of  19.99%  over  preceding  fiscal 
year.  The  number  of  men  employed  was 
2233,  1597  men  being  employed  under 
ground  and  636  on  outside  work.  There 
were  fifty-six  boys  employed  underground 
and  fifty-three  outside,  in  addition  to  the 
men  working  at  the  mines,  a  large  number 
of  others  find  employment  cutting  timber 
for  the  mines. The  production  by  coun- 
ties is  given  as  follows:  Colfax  county, 
558,805  tons;  McKinley  county,  539,910 
tons;  Lincoln  county,  98,096  tons;  Santa 
Fe  county,  92,359  tons;  Rio  Arriba  county, 
39,100  tons;  Socorro  county,  20,460  ton's; 
San  Juan  county,  1800  tons.  Socorro 
county  returns  were  only  approximated, 
as  the  principal  coal  operator  of  the 
county  had  not  yet  sent  in  bis  returns 
when  the  mine  inspector  closed  his  report. 
The  returns  from  Socorro  county  may  be 
25%  larger  than  given  in  the  list,  says  the 
New  Mexican. 

Grant  County. 

Litigation  over  the  Wild  Cat  mine  and 
mill  having  been  settled  by  compromise, 
the  Clifton  C.  Co.  again  assumes  full  con- 
trol of  the  property  and  will  resume  work 
this  week.  They  will  increase  the  con- 
centrator from  65  tons  to  150  tons  daily 
capacity.  The  Wild  Cat  mine  is  near 
Santa  Rita,  and  has  a  vein  averaging  40 
feet  of  3%  copper  ore. 

President  Lister  of  the  North  American 
M.  Co.,  near  Lordsburg,  reports  the  35 
H.  P.  steam  engine  has  been  set  up,  and 
sinking  has  been  resumed.  Lister  is  sink- 
ing the  shaft  on  the  Black  Sam,  one  of 
the  group  owned  by  the  North  American 
Co.  The  vein  shows  values  in  gold,  silver 
and  copper. 

Taos  County. 

Metallurgist  M.  Stewart  of  the  Glen- 
woody  M.  Co.,  at  Glenwoody,  says  they  are 
building  a  cyanide  mill.  The  quartz  will 
be  crushed  in  a  Huntington  mill  of  fifty 
tons  daily  capacity,  and  another  of  sixty 
tons  capacity  will  be  added  later.  The 
ore  averages  $3  per  ton  in  gold.  Besides 
the  gold  property  the  company  has  a  vein 
of  high-grade  copper  ore,  but  little  work 
has  been  done  on  it.  W.  N.  Woody  is 
principal  owner. 

OHIO. 

The  United  States  Court  of  Appeals  at 
New  York  handed  down  a  decision  on  the 
22nd  inst.  upholding  the  validity  of  the 
so-called  Bradley  patent  for  smelting  by 
the  use  of  electricity.  The  suit  was 
brought  by  the  Electric  Smelting  and 
Aluminum  Co.,  of  Cleveland,  against  the 
Pittsburg  Reduction  Co.  The  court  re- 
versed the  decision  of  the  lower  court, 
granted  the  Cleveland  Co.  an  injunction 
restraining  the  Pittsburg  Reduction  Co. 
from  the  use  of  the  process  at  present 
employed  and  ordering  an  accounting  of 
the  profits  for  the  time  it  has  been  manu- 
facturing aluminum    in  infringement    of 


the  Bradley  patent  (twelve  years).  The 
Bradley  patents  sustained  by  the  court 
were  taken  out  by  C.  S.  Bradley  in  1801 
and  1892,  and  covered  the  use  of  the  elec- 
tric current  to  fuse  and  electrolyze  a  ma- 
terial, the  current  acting  both  to  main- 
tain the  compound  in  a  fused  state 
without  the  use  of  external  heat,  and  to 
separate  it  into  its  constituent  parts, 
aluminum,  being  separated  from  clay  in 
this  manner.  The  patent  is  a  general  one, 
applying  to  the  electrolysis  of  any  mate- 
rial. 

OREGON. 

Baker  County. 

Development  work  has  been  started  by 
Manager  M.  E.  Bain  at  the  Overland 
mine  in  Cable  Cove  district,  near  Sump- 
ter.  The  first  work  will  be  driving  on  the 
three  Overland  veins  opened  by  surface 
work.  They  will  open  the  first,  or  larger, 
and  crosscut  from  these  workings  to  the 
others, 

Douglas  County. 

The  30-stamp  mill  of  the  Oregon  Secur- 
ities Co.,  near  Bohemia,  is  about  com- 
pleted and  will  begin  dropping  stamps 
next  week. 

Jaokson  County. 

The  New  York  &  Western  Mines  Co.  is 
preparing  to  increase  development  work 
at  the  Oregon  Belle  mine,  in  Forest  Creek 
district,  7  miles  southwest  of  Jackson- 
ville. Manager  Gunnell,  of  Grant's  Pass, 
says  they  will  put  in  a  steam  hoist,  com- 
pressor and  other  machinery,  and  it  is 
proposed  to  build  a  mill  in  the  spring.  A 
tunnel  has  been  started  and  will  be  driven 
in  200  feet  below  the  old  workings. 
Grant  County. 

The   Red   Boy   mine,  near  Alamo,  has 
been  placed  in  the  hands  of  a  receiver,  and 
will  remain  closed  pending  adjustment. 
Josephine  County. 

The  New  York  &  Western  M.  Co.  is 
preparing  to  increase  development  work 
at  the  Oregon  Belle  mine  in  Forest  Creek 
district,  near  Grants  Pass.  Manager 
Gunnell  says  they  are  putting  in  a  steam 
hoist,  compressor  and  other  machinery. 
By  next  spring  they  expect  the  property 
will  be  ready  for  a  mill.  A  tunnel  has 
been  started  and  will  be  driven  in  200  feet 
below  the  old  workings. 

The  double-compartment  shaft  being 
sunk  in  the  Granite  Hill  mines  on  Granite 
Hill,  near  Grant's  Pass,  by  the  American 
Gold  Fields  Co.,  has  cut  an  11-foot  ledge, 
and  5  feet  of  the  hanging  wall  carries  av- 
erage values  of  $50  a  ton.  The  remainder 
of  the  foot  wall  averages  $11  a  ton.  Free 
gold  and  galena  are  shown.  This  shaft 
will  be  sunk  to  depth  of  600  or  700  feet 
and  the  ledge  crosscut  at  every  100-foot 
level.  The  5-stamp  mill  is  kept  at  work 
on  ore  of  the  upper  stopes.  A  10-stamp 
mill  is  being  built.  A  boiler,  hoists,  com- 
pressors and  air  drills  have  been  put  in  at 
the  Granite  Hill  mines,  says  Superintend- 
ent Wickersham.  A  sawmill  is  operated 
by  the  company  in  the  heavy  fir  timber  of 
its  claims.  There  are  also  several  hun- 
dred acres  of  placer  ground  on  the  Granite 
Hill  properties,  equipped  with  a  hydraulic 
plant,  which  will  be  operated  this  winter. 

The  dam  which  the  Golden  Drift  M. 
Co.  is  building  across  Rogue  River,  near 
Grant's  Pass,  is  about  completed,  says  the 
Jacksonville  Times.  It  is  built  to  its  re- 
quh-ed  height  across  the  strea,m  and  men 
are  filling  in  the  cribs.  The  machinery 
will  not  be  put  in  till  spring.  There  are 
fifty  men  employed  in  construction  of  the 
dam  and  operating  the  sawmill.  This  dam 
will  be  capable  of  supplying  10,000  H.  P., 
part  of  which  will  be  used  in  operating 
the  pumps  that  will  supply  the  giants  in 
Dry  Diggings  placers  with  water.  The 
Golden  Drift  Co.  owns  1000  acres  of  placer 
ground  in  Dry  Diggings  that  will  be  piped 
off  when  the  dam  is  completed  and  the 
pumps  and  giants  put  in. 

Lane  County. 

Near  the  Blue  river  the  Great  Northern 
mine  has  been  bonded  to  W.  S.  Standish, 
who  has  put  men  at  work  running  addi- 
tional tunnels.  A  2-stamp  mill  is  on  the 
property. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA, 

Lawrence  County. 

The  Gilt  Edge-Maid  M.  Co.  is  doing  de- 
velopment on  its  property  near  Galena. 
It  is  expected  next  spring  work  will  be 
started  on  a  cyanide  mill  for  the  mine. 
G.  A.  Duncan,  of  Dead  wood,  is  superin- 
tendent. 

J.  Couzette,  president  of  the  Ruby  G. 
M.  &  M.  Co.,  operating  in  Bear  Butte 
section,  northeast  of  Deadwood,  says  he 
is  arranging  for  machinery  for  his  com- 
pany's mill,  the  building  for  which  has 
been  completed.  It  is  intended  to  put  in 
a  Chilian  mill,  operated  by  gasoline  en- 
gine of  40  H.  P.  A  cyanide  plant  is  also 
expected  to  be  added. 

W.  W.  Kelley  of  Des  Moines,   Iowa,   of    . 
the  Gladiator  Con.  G.  M.  &  M.  Co.   says  a 
10-stamp  mill  will  be  built   on  the  Gold 


October  31,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


2fl5 


Fish  group  of  their  claims  on  Lead  Hill,  1 
mile  from  Lead  City.  Development  work 
is  being  increased.  The  ore  carries  valuefl 
in  free  gold,  besides  containing  bismuth. 
tellurite  and  arsenical  pyrites.  C.  H. 
Crabtree  is  secretary  and  manager. 

The  report  of  the  Homeatake  M.  Co,  for 
fiscal  year  ending  June  1,  1903,  shows  pro- 
duction, amounting  to  *4. "<2H.!I42.04,  ex- 
ceeding the  former-  year  by  *25H.!"i4.47. 
This  increase  is  due  to  the  continuous 
operation  of  the  stamp  mills,  made  pos- 
sible by  the  new  water  supply  from  Spear- 
Bsb  riv,-r,  the  starting  of  the  Father  be 
Smet  mill  and  t. ho  working  of  tbo  two 
new  cyanide  plants.  The  Homestake's 
Output  has  increased  by  half  in  four 
years  as  regards  bullion  production  and 
ions  of  ore  milled,  while  the  average 
value  per  ton  has  decreased    from   $4. ,"{7:1 

39  si, [899.    The  largest  single 

item  of  expenditure  is  mine  labor.  Its 
property  purchases  were  smallest  in  the 
past  year.  Its  taxes  have  nearly  doubled 
since  1900.  The  Ellison  shaft  was  sunk 
from  the  900-foot  level  to  the  1100-foot 
level,  and  the  Golden  Gate,  a  new  shaft 
at  north  end  of  mine,  sunk  from  surface 
to  700-foot  level.  They  are  preparing  to 
add  100  Stamps  to  the  Amicus  mill,  but 
the  time  required  to  get  a  necessary  new- 
engine  will  delay  their  dropping  until  next 
summer.  A  comparison  of  the  figures  for 
the  hist  three  years,  says  the  Black  Hills 
Review,  is  shown  in  the  following  table: 

1901.  1002.  11)113. 
Tons  milled  ..       935,441  l,2IH,l(Kli  1,279,079 
Total  produc- 
tion       N,639,232.U3  S4,303,977.57  *4,526,942.04 

Average    per 

ton  $3,890  J3.533  $3,539 
Dividends 

paid  si .axi.otio.nu  fi.aju.ouu.uu  *  sio.ooo.oo 
Property  pur- 

Ohased.  114.075.ot  302,451.95  5,107.76 

Ellison  Shaft.  13,834,86  21.7S3.12  2(15,869.7(1 

Mine  Labor . .  1,226,143.27  1,463,626.47  1,548,447.07 

Taxes 53.Wt.95  59.506.00  67,530.59 

Water 52.891.86  379,878.58  96,099.44 

Interest 23,993.42  25.539.29  31,139.56 

Indebtedness.  1,038,327.49  510,406.66  425.784.97 

The  company's  indebtedness  has  been 
reduced  since  1901  by  the  proceeds  of 
$1,000,000.00  from  sale  of  the  Black  Hills 
&  Fort  Pierre  R.  R.  Go.  and  the  increased 
earnings  of  the  operation  and  reduction  in 
dividends. 

l'euningtou  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — Work  has 
been  resumed  in  the  Gopher  mine,  near 
Hill  City,  after  being  closed  down  several 
years  on  account  of  reported  loss  of  the 
veins.  The  Lena  shaft,  110  feet  deep,  and 
the  Gopher  shaft,  175  feet  deep,  have 
been  un  watered  and  several  crosscuts  will 
be  driven  at  the  lowest  levels  to  cut  the 
veins.  The  mine  is  equipped  with  build- 
ings, hoists,  air  compressor  and  drills. 
A.  H.  Elftman  is  consulting  engineer,  with 
A.  D.  Arundel  superintendent  at  the 
mine. 

Hill  City,  Oct.  26. 

The  Central  Black  Hills  C.  Co.  is  pre- 
paring to  put  its  leaching  plant  in  opera- 
tion. It  is  in  the  copper  belt  in  the 
southern  part  of  Pennington  county,  12 
miles  northwest  of  Custer  City.  The 
plant  has  a  capacity  of  100  tons  a  day, 
using  sulphuric  acid  lixiviation  process, 
and  precipitating  copper  on  scrap  iron. 

E.  C.  Johnson,  manager  of  the  Gertie 
Tin  M.  Co.,  operating  near  Hill  City,  says 
his  company  proposes  to  build  a  tin  mill 
at  the  mine.  The  mine  is  developed  by 
an  incline  shaft  500  feet  deep,  in  which 
the  vein  has  been  explored  to  the  bottom. 
It  carries  a  good  percentage  of  tin  and  is 
8  feet  wide.  A  test  of  the  ore  is  being 
made  in  the  Golden  Slipper  mill.  The 
plant  is  a  stamp,  amalgamating  affair, 
equipped  with  concentrators,  but  the  tin 
ore  pulp  from  the  stamps  is  run  direct  to 
the  concentrators. 

UTAH. 

Beaver  County. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Lenora 
mine  in  Elephant  canyon,  near  Milford, 
owned  by  Burns  et  al,  and  high  grade  ore 
is  being  shipped.  F.  Killam  is  superin- 
tendent. 

,juah  County. 

Work  has  been  resumed  on  the  Manhat- 
tan mine,  at  Mammoth,  and  the  shaft  will 
be  sunk  an  additional  lift. 

Manager  C.  E.  Allen  of  the  Centennial- 
Eureka  mine,  at  Eureka,  says  they  suc- 
ceeded in  bulkheading  the  drifts  leading 
to  the  Bullion-Beck  and  Eureka  Hill 
workings — shutting  off  the  gas  and  smoke 
from  the  fire  that  has  been  burning  there 
since  the  5th  inst.  Work  has  been  re- 
sumed in  the  Centennial-Eureka  and  ship- 
ments are  again  going  out.  The  bodies  of 
seven  mules  which  were  suffocated  were 
found  and  removed.  The  mine  is  now 
accessible  down  to  the  1400-foot  level. 
Superintendent  Earls  says  he  is  forcing  his 
way  toward  the  fire  region  slowly  at  the 
Bullion-Beck  and  on  the  24th  inst.  reached 
within  200  feet  of  the  Caroline  stope  with 
the  air  line.  He  expects  to  turn  a  stream 
of  water  into  the  Caroline.  Smoke  still 
continues  to  emerge  from  the  Eureka  Hill 
shaft  in    dense    volumes. During    the 


temporary  shut-down  at  the  Gemini,  Su- 
perintendent Jackson  is  having  the  new 
liotlers  set  up  and  a  general  clean-up 
made. 

Salt   Lake  County. 

The  New  England  G.  & C.  M.  Co.  will 
build  a  mill  at  the  Nast  mine,  near 
bam.  to  handle  their  low-grade  ore.  says 
Manager  Adkinson.  Framing,  founda- 
tion and  other  preliminary  work  will  be 
done  this  fall  and  winter,  bo  that  machin- 
ery can  be  put  in  place  on  its  delivery  in 
the  spring.  The  Nast  has  milling  ore  in 
both  new  and  old  workings,  some  of  it 
accumulations  of  twenty  years,  says  the 
Bingham  Bulletin,  and  is  in  the  way  of 
further  developments.  The  mill  will  have 
fifty  tons  daily  capacity. 

The  directors  of  the  Utah  ton.  ('.  t  lo.i 
operating  the  Highland  Boy  mines  at 
Bingham  and  the  smelter  in  the  valley, 
have  authorized  expenditure  of  $250,000 
on  enlargements  at  the  smelter,  which 
will  add  40\  to  its  present  capacity.  They 
expect  within  six  months  to  be  turning 
out  copper  at  rate  of  20,000,000  pounds 
per  annum.  The  elevation  of  the  main 
stack  at  the  smelter  to  height  of  350  feet 
(50  feet  above  the  former  top),  is  in  pro- 
gress, says  Superintendent  Fischer.  D. 
O.  Jackling  of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.,  is 
manager. 

The  Dalton  &  Lark  tunnel  at  Bingham 
has  unwatered  the  Dalton  shaft. 

At  the  Columbia  mines,  at  Bingham, 
five  machine  drills  have  been  put  in  oper- 
ation, being  supplied  with  air  from  the 
United  States  Co.  's  compressor.  The 
hoist  has  been  set  up  at  the  winze  below 
the  main  tunnel  and  in  the  All's  Well 
vein,  and  the  winze  will  be  sunk  to  depth 
of  200  feet.  At  depth  of  80  feet  the  winze 
is  in  ore  that  averages  10%  copper,  says 
Manager  Tibbitts. 

A  series  of  twenty-seven  locations  were 
filed  at  Salt  Lake  City  last  week,  covering 
ing  5000  acres  of  oil  lands  on  the  edge  Great 
Salt  Lake,  by  C.  K.  &  L.  J.  Rowland, 
P.  S.  &  N.  F.  Keogh,  J.  A.  Kuykendall, 
T.  J.  Anderson  and  J.  F.  &  M.  E.  Hinton. 
The  tract  is  situated  betweeen  the  city 
and  the  lake,  beginning  west  of  Beck's 
hot  springs  and  running  toward  Saltair. 
Drilling  rigs  will  be  put  up  and  the  oil 
indications  developed. 

The  Bingham  Bulletin  says  the  Fortune 
mine,  together  with  its  ore  dumps,  is 
under  lease  to  the  Bingham  Con.  C.  Co., 
and  a  track  connecting  its  main  tunnei 
with  the  Dalton  &  Lark  Electric  tram- 
way is  being  built. 

Summit  County. 

C.  E.  Myers  has  put  men  to  work  in  the 
East  Valeo  mine  near  Park  City,  and 
work  will  be  done  on  the  contact.  The 
shaft  is  down  150  feet  and  a  crosscut  200 
feet  run  from  this  point. 

Superintendent  Sherman  of  the  Daly- 
West  mill  at  Park  City  says  the  manage- 
ment will  enlarge  the  plant,  and  he  has 
begun  grading  for  an  auxiliary  one  with 
which  to  recover  the  metals  that  have 
passed  away  with  the  slimes.  This  will 
increase  the  capacity  of  the  concentrator 
to  300  tons  daily,  or  75  tons  more  than  it  is 
now  reducing.  Of  the  mass  of  tailings 
that  have  collected  in  the  ponds  and  to 
which  is  being  added  a  large  amount 
daily,  he  will  be  equipped,  independent  of 
the  main  plant,  to  handle  250  tons  daily. 
The  concentrator  is  recovering  97%  of  the 
lead  contents  of  the  ore  and  a  satisfactory 
percentage  of  the  silver,  says  Sherman. 
But,  carried  away  in  the  siimes,  is  suf- 
ficient to  enable  the  management,  with  a 
slimes  plant,  to  create  a  product  contain- 
ing from  8°-„'  to  10%  lead,  45  to  50  ounces 
silver  and  some  gold,  with  an  iron  excess. 
In  addition  to  these  improvements,  a  set 
of  storage  bins  will  be  built  and  an  auto- 
matic sorting  belt  put  in. 

Tooele  County. 

Superintendent  E.  J.  Raddatz  of  the 
Honerine  mine  at  Stockton  says  water  is 
coming  out  of  the  drain  tunnel  at  the 
rate  of  5000  gallons  per  minute,  3000  of 
which  is  coming  through  the  face  where 
the  men  ceased  work  when  the  water 
channel  was  broken  into.  Little  can  be 
done  in  the  tunnel  until  the  volume  de- 
creases. The  nearest  shaft  is  that  of  the 
Black  Diamond  Co.,  which  will  be  the 
first  unwatered.  The  nearest  Honerine 
shaft  is  1800  feet  away.  Before  starting 
the  drain  tunnel  the  Honerine  Co.  oper- 
ated pumps,  which  hoisted  water  out  of 
the  mine  at  the  rate  of  3000  gallons  per 
minute. 

.     WASHINGTON. 

Ferry  County. 

Considerable  development  work  is  being 
done  in  Park  City  district,  on  the  south 
half  of  Colville  reservation,  south  of  Re- 
public, says  the  Spokesman-Review.  The 
Montana  and  Iron  Mountain  claims, 
owned  by  J.  Stack  of  Republic,  E.  Dill 
and  F.  Birney  of  Spokane,  have  a  12-foot 
vein  that  runs  $6  per  ton  in  gold  and 
silver.  It  has  been  developed  by  an 
open  cut,  two  10-foot  shafts  and  a  tunnel. 
The  vein  is  an  extension  of   the  Mountain 


View  group  and  is  between  the  Park  and 
Central  mine  and  Park  City.     R.    I 

au.l  11.  CrOUnOfi  have  a  year's  lease  of  the 
Mountain  Hoy  and  arc  getting  out  silvt  - 
lead  ore  to  ship  to  the  smelters,  l.t.  R. 
Eteisser  and  W.  J.  Casey  are  working  the 
Cliff  group,  which  adjoins  the  Mountain 
Boy.  Superintendent  D.  Coughlan  has 
live  men  working  on  the  Ramore  group 
an, I  getting  out  gold-silver-copper  ore. 
Coughlan.  who  is  [tart  owner  in  the  Wasco 
group,  hits  arranged  to  continue  driving 
the  tunnel,  which  has  cut  three  veins  of 
ore.  Balthus  &  Sharp  are  at  work  on  the 
Galena  King  group  driving  a  tunnel, 
which  is  in  2(50  feet. 

Okanogan  County. 

Superintendent  H.  Thompson  of  the  In- 
terstate M.  ( 'o.  reports  a  find  of  lead  ore 
on  their  Delate  mine  at  Cbesaw,  showing 
20"„  lead,  with  values  in  gold  and  silver. 
Superintendent  Thompson  has  men  at 
work  at  the  concentrating  plant  owned 
by  the  company  2  miles  south  of  Cbesaw. 
The  mill  will  be  remodeled  and  a  water 
flume  built. 

Snohomish  County. 

Tin  is  reported  found  in  the  Cascade 
Range,  near  Snohomish,  by  J.  J.  Minnis, 
while  working  placer  ground. 

WYOMING. 

Carbon   County. 

G.  Smith  and  A.  LaMarsh  of  Dillon  re- 
port  finding  a  deposit  of  jet  near  there. 

A  hurricane  passing  through  southern 
Wyoming  last  week  is  reported  to  have 
done  considerable  damage  to  the  16-mile 
aerial  tramway  of  the  North  American  C. 
Co.,  from  their  mines  at  Rudefeha  to 
their  smelter  at  Grand  Encampment. 

Converse  County. 

A  gas  discovery  is  reported  in  Brennlng 
Basin,  11  miles  west  of  Douglas.  The  flow 
was  struck  at  depth  of  475  feet,  and  it 
forced  the  heavy  drill  out  of  the  well  and 
threw  gravel  and  dirt  over  the  top  of  the 
derrick.  The  well  has  been  cased  and 
capped.  It  is  proposed  to  pipe  the  gas  to 
Douglas,  Caspar  and  Glen  Rock. 

At  the  Oriole  and  Tenderfoot  mines, 
near  Douglas,  owned  by  the  Oriole  C.  M. 
Co.,  of  which  C.  D.  Clark  is  president, 
development  work  is  progressing  and  sul- 
phide ores  are  being  opened  up  with 
depth.  There  are  four  lode  claims  with 
a  millsite  in  the  Oriole  group,  and  an 
abundance  of  timber  within  half  a  mile, 
says  the  News.  They  are  equipped  with 
machinery  which  has  capacity  for  hoist- 
ing from  600  feet.  The  main  shaft  is  down 
155  feet,  and  at  145  feet  passed  into  a  vein 
of  carbonates  31  feet  in  width,  and  run- 
ning well  in  copper.  The  discovery  shaft, 
300  feet  south  of  the  main  shaft,  is  76  feet 
in  depth,  with  a  50-foot  crosscut.  The 
Tenderfoot  group  comprises  six  lode  claims 
on  which  machinery  with  a  depth  capac- 
ity of  700  feet  is  being  set  up.  The  shaft 
is  90  feet  in  depth  and  in  ore  showing 
4J\  copper.  One  factor  in  the  future 
development  of  the  Oriole  and  Tenderfoot 
will  be  the  natural  gas  which  has  been 
struck  nearby.  In  one  well  the  gas  regis- 
ters a  pressure  of  500  pounds  and  will  be 
used  as  fuel  for  milling  and  smelting  pur- 
poses. 

Laramie  Couuty. 

The  Copper  Belt  M.  Co.,  in  which 
Omaha,  Neb.,  and  Black  Hills,  S.  D.,  men 
are  interested,  is  preparing  to  increase 
development  work  on  its  copper  mines  at 
Rawhide  Buttes.  They  will  build  a  40- 
ton  matte  smelter.  The  Copper  Belt  Co. 
owns  thirty-five  claims  adjacent  to  the 
forty  claims  of  the  Sunrise  C.  Co.,  owned 
by  A.  A.  Spaugh  et  al.  of  Manville.  They 
will  sink  two  300-foot  shafts  and  drive  a 
tunnel. 

FOREIGN. 

AUSTRALIA. 

New   South  Wales. 

The  New  South  Wales  gold  output  for 
month  of  September  was  60,613  ounces, 
valued  at  £219,374,  making  the  yield  for 
1903  to  Oct.  1,  237,054  ounces,  valued  at 
£866,461. 

Victoria. 

The  gold  yield  of  Victoria  for  1903  to 
Oct.  1  amounted  to  587,058  ounces,  an  in- 
crease of  24,951  ounces  over  same  period 
of  1902. 

Western    Australia. 

Searching  for  the  deepest  of  the  two 
telluride  shoots. cut  by  the  diamond  drill  is 
under  way  at  the  1050-foot  level  of  the 
Associated  Northern  mine,  near  Kalgoor- 
lie.  Under  Superintendent  Roberts  pros- 
pecting work  is  being  done  in  other  parts 
of  the  property.  The  ore  treatment  plan 
is  ready  for  operation. 

Diamond  drilling  of  the  leases  held  by 
the  Hannans  Reward  Mt.  Charlotte  Co., 
at  Kalgoorlie,  has  been  started  to  test 
these  properties  in  deep  ground.  This 
work  is  being  subsidized  by  the  Govern- 
ment and  1500  feet  of  boring  will  be  done. 

The  Great  Boulder  main  lode  is  being 
further  prospected  in  depth  by  diamond 


drilling  from  the  HlOO-foot  level  of  Lane's 
shaft  at  Kalgoorlie.  The  first  bore  is  be- 
ing put  in  a  northerly  direction  to  deter- 
mine if  the  Great  Boulder  and  Horseshoe 
hales  join  at  depth  in  the  south  end  of  the 
former. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA 

Kust  Knotfimy  District. 

The  Gold  River  M.  &  P.  Co.  wil]  pul  in 

a  sawmill  to  out  lumber  fur  a  Hume  at 
Bull  river,  near  Fort  Steele. 

Sh.inn    District. 

An  aerial  tram  is  being  built  to  connect 
the  No.  4  tunnel  with  the  main  line  on  the 
Ivanhoe  mine,  near  Sandon. 

During  month  of  September  the  Ar- 
lington mine  at  Erie  shipped  five  carloads 
uf  ore  tu  the  smelter.  The  net  smelter 
returns  were  $5341.95,  says  the  Xews- 
Advertiser.  The  expenses  were  $4:t22.0i: 
fur  the  month. 

From  January  1  to  Octobers,  1903,  ship- 
ments from  the  district  have  been  as  fol- 
lows; 

Tons. 

American  Boy,  at  Sandon 660 

Antoine.  MoGuigan  212 

Arlington.  Slocan  Luke  41) 

Bosun,  Slocan  Lake sit?. 

Blue  Bin!.  Sandon 37 

Enterprise,  Sloc;m  Lake 615 

Fisher  Maiden,  Slocan  Lake 38n 

lliirinr.v.  Slocan  Lake 12 

Idaho,  Sundon 81 

rvanhoe,  Sandon 695 

Lucky  ,1  im 108 

Mercury 41 

Monitor,  Sandon  640 

Meteor 52 

Ottawa,  Slocan  Lake 136 

Payne,  Sandon 1,778 

Queen  Bess,  Sandon 204 

Rambler,   McGutean 1.448 

Reuo,  Sandon 153 

Republic 70 

Ruth,  Sandon 417 

Red  Fox,  McUuifjan \\tj 

Slocan  Star,  Sandon 1,975 

Silver  Ulance,  McGuigan 55 

Eleven  others,  a  total  of il'-j 

Total 10,946 

Vancouver  Island. 

The  mule  drivers  at  the  coal  mines  at 
Extension  returned  to  work  last  week, 
their  differences  with  the  colliery  com- 
pany having-  been  adjusted. 

The  fire  in  the  coal  mines  at  Cumber- 
land is  still  burning,  says  the  Rossland 
Miner  of  last  week.  A  crosscut  is  being" 
driven  to  gain  access  to  the  seat  of  the 
combustion.  J.  Dunsmuir,  owner,  and 
Superintendent  Little  are  at  Cumberland 
supervising  the  fire-checking  operations. 

Vale  District. 

A  300-ton  smelter  will  be  built  3  miles 
below  Kamloops,  on  the  Thompson  river, 
says  Manager  W.  E.  Wood.  It  will  be 
so  constructed  that  its  capacity  can  be 
increased  to  500  tons  a  day  whenever  re- 
quired. New  York  and  Montreal  men  are 
interested.  The  company  owns  copper- 
gold  claims  on  Coal  hill,  back  of  Kam- 
loops. The  ore  is  mostly  low  grade.  The 
Python  mine  is  in  position  to  supply  100 
tons  a  day  and,  besides  other  Coal  hill 
properties,  the  smelter  will  draw  on  Adams 
Lake  and  Cherry  Creek  camps.  Placer 
mining  is  also  going  on  in  that  section,  as 
well  as  dredging.  At  Tranquille  creek  an 
average  of  forty  ounces  of  gold  per  week 
are  taken  out  with  a  dredger. 

MEXICO. 

The  Boletin  de  Estadistica  Fiscal,  issued 
by  the    Mexican    Treasury   Department, 

gives  the  following  statement  of  Mexico's 

gold  and  silver  production  during  the 
twenty-five  fiscal  years  from  1877-78  to 
1901-2,  inclusive : 

Year.                                            Gold.  Silver. 

1877-78 $    746,630  S24.836.903 

1878-79 881,301  25,135,264 

1879-80  941,958  27,555,627 

1880-81  1,012,697  29,234,398 

1881-82 936,223  29,239,078 

1882-83 955,639  29,568,577 

1883-84 1,055,184  31,695,841 

1884-85 914,179  33,226,211 

1885-86 658,020  34,208,214 

1886-87    683,153  37,534,104 

1887-88 664,365  39,367,983 

1888-89 684,480  41,347,626 

1889-90 700,909  39,156  687 

1890-91  92(1,7(12  41,874,411 

1891-92 1,074,637  47,096,156 

1892-93 1,269,907  55,245,434 

1893-94 1,244,621  58,210,150 

1894-95 4,744,542  58,204,085 

1895-96  . . .' 6.085,038  61,003,672 

1896-97 6,861,126  63,689,112 

1897-98 7,584,182  70,149,606 

1898-99 9,346.541  72,498,723 

1899-1900  7,823,7(11  70.218,914 

1900-1901  9,327,542  74,326,406 

1901-1902 9,932,076  72,530,983 

The  value  of  the  gold  is  calculated  at 
the  rate  of  $675,416  per  kilogram  and  of 
silver  at  $40,915  per  kilogram.  From 
these  figures  it  is  seen  that  the  deprecia- 
tion of  silver  in  foreign  markets  has  not 
prevented  an  increase  in  the  silver  pro- 
duction of  Mexico,  and  has  been  an  im- 
pulse to  gold  production. 

Chihuahua. 

G.  W.  Boyce  reports  work  progressing 
on  Shamrock  No.  1,  Shamrock  No.  2  and 
Burnham  mines  in  Terrazas  camp  and  the 
Senorita  mine  at  Victorino.  He  will  start 
work  next  week  on  the  Cruger,  near  Bus- 
tillos,  the  Josephina,  near  Cusihuiriachic, 
and  on  the  La  Cabrisa  copper  mine,  over 


296 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31,  1903. 


the  line  in   Sonora,  says  the  Chihuahua 
Enterprise. 

R.  D.  Jackson,  manager  of  the  Buena 
Tierra  and  other  mines  at  Santa  Eulalia, 
has  started  diamond  drill  work.  Another 
drill  will  also   be  put  in  operation. 

Jalisco. 

R.  Eames,  Jr.,  manager  of  La  Fortuna 
M.  Co.  of  New  York,  is  pushing  develop- 
ment work  on  the  company's  property 
near  Ahualuco.  Over  2000  feet  of  work 
has  been  done.  Two  tunnels  are  being 
driven,  one  of  which  is  in  1095  feet  and 
the  other  530  feet.  Ore  is  being  blocked 
out  and  1000  tons  are  on  the  dump.  A  re- 
duction plant  will  be  built. 

Lower  California. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  Recently 
some  newspapers  have  published  accounts 
of  rich  placer  gold  deposits  having  been 
found  in  the  district  of  San  Antonio,  the 
truth  of  which  has  been  investigated  by  a 
reliable  man.  His  purpose  in  contradict- 
ing these  reports  is  to  dissuade  prospect- 
ors and  miners  from  spending  money  to 
reach  that  most  inhospitable  region, 
where  they  are  certain  to  meet  with  dis- 
appointment. The  district  mentioned  is 
35  miles  southeast  of  the  port  of  La  Paz, 
on  the  west  coast  of  the  peninsula  of 
Lower  California,  about  midway  between 
the  Pacific  ocean  and  the  Gulf  of  Califor- 
nia. The  existence  of  shallow  gold  placers 
in  this  region  has  been  known  since  its 
earliest  settlement,  and  there  are  records 
of  their  having  been  worked,  off  and  on, 
since  1780,  but  never  with  any  measure  of 
profitable  success.  The  country  is  ex- 
tremely dry.  There  are  no  streams  of 
running  water,  and  very  few  springs,  and 
the  rainfall  of  that  region  is  limited,  so 
much  so  that  the  land  is  uncultivated  and 
food  for  man  and  beast  is  imported  from 
the  mainland  of  Mexico.  Many  forms  of 
mechanical  appliances  called  "dry  wash- 
ers "  have  been  tried  in  efforts  to  recover 
the  gold  from  these  placers,  but  without 
success.  Miners  who  go  to  that  region  in 
search  of  easily  won  gold  will  not  find  it. 

La  Paz,  Oct.  15. 

The  H.  Johnson  gold  placer  mines  and 
ditch  in  the  Socorro  district,  80  miles 
southeast  of  Ensenada,  have  been  sold  for 
$100,000  cash  to  tZie  Lindley-Stevens  Co. 
of  Chicago,  111.  Johnson,  after  obtaining 
concession  from  the  Mexican  government, 
built  a  ditch  from  the  San  Pedro  Martir 
range  to  the  placers,  a  distance  of  18  miles. 
The  new  owners  will  increase  development 
work  on  the  placers  and  make  the  18-mile 
ditch  more  permanent  by  use  of  cement. 

At  the  El  Sueno  mine,  owned  by  San 
Diego  and  National  City,  Cal,  men,  they 
are  putting  in  additional  machinery  and 
will  increase  developments.  The  mine  is 
12  miles  below  the  California  line.  This 
company  has  been  shipping  concentrates, 
and  with  the  new  machinery  will  increase 
the  output. 

Puebla. 

I.  Cabrera  and  A.  Ziegler  are  exploiting 
a  copper  find  which  they  report  located 
in  the  Higo  mountain,  district  of  Tecon- 
cingo,  owned  by  A.  Mora,  governor  of 
Guerrero.  The  mine  has  been  named 
'Gambrinus." 

Sonora. 

The  Gold  Treasure  mine  in  the  San  Jose 
mountains,  near  Altar,  will  have  a  mill. 
The  company  has  been  reorganized  as  the 
Arizona  M.  &  Dev.  Co.,  and  C.  G.  Jones 
is  president. 

In  his  report  to  the  stockholders  of  the 
Greene  Con.  C.  Co.,  operating  at  Cananea, 
President  W.  C.  Greene  shows  that  dur- 
ing the  fiscal  year  ended  July  31st  last, 
there  were  extracted  and  treated  from 
the  mines  of  the  company  333,329  tons  of 
ore,  giving  product  of  43,228,120  pounds, 
containing  42,310,554  pounds  of  pure  cop- 
per, 397,426  ounces  of  silver,  and  2392 
ounces  of  gold,  and  having  a  gross  value 
of  $5,706,192.  Of  this  product  12,424,696 
pounds  of  copper  were  sold  between  Aug- 
ust 1,  1902,  and  January  31,  1903,  realiz- 
ing $1,454,500.  For  the  seven  months 
beginning  January  1,  1903,  and  ending 
July  31,  there  were  sold  26,819,974  pounds 
of  copper,  realizing  $3,592,126.  The  aver- 
age selling  price  of  copper  for  the  first 
period  was  11.7  cents  per  pound.  For  the 
latter  period  the  average  was  13.39  cents 
a  pound.  In  addition  there  were  sold 
295,845  ounces  of  silver,  realizing  $149,153, 
being  an  average  price  per  ounce  of  50.45 
cents.  During  the  same  period  there 
were  sold  1650  ounces  of  gold  at  $19.80  per 
ounce,  realizing  $632,684.  There  remained 
on  hand  unsold  on  August  1st,  1903,  3,- 
1)65,874  pounds  of  copper  and  101,581 
ounces  of  silver,  which  on  basis  of  last 
sales  had  value  of  $477,778. 
Zacatecas. 

At  Chalchihuites,  in  northern  Zacate- 
cas, theCompania  Beneficed  ora  Metales  de 
Chalchihuites  is  building  a  25-ton  concen- 
trator and  a  25-ton  smelter.  The  smelter 
will  be  ready  for  operation   by  Feb.   1st. 

The  Chalchihuites  M.  Co.  of  Newark, 

N.  J.,  is  developing  a  group  of   192  perte- 


nencias.  They  have  put  in  a  50  H.  P. 
hoist  on  their  San  Nicolas  mine  and  have 
opened  up  ore,  says  President  E.  H. 
Jones.     They  also  own  two  copper  claims. 

SWEDEN. 

United  States  Consul  R.  S.  Bergh  at 
Gothenburg  writes  that  a  large  establish- 
ment for  electric  smelting  of  zinc  ores  by 
a  method  invented  by  G.  de  Laval,  of 
Stockholm,  is  being  built  at  the  Hallsta- 
hammar  Works,  in  Province  of  Vestman- 
land.  The  method  is  the  same  as  that 
employed  both  at  Trollhattan  and  Nor- 
way. The  power  station  is  at  Hallsta- 
hammar  Bruk,  where  the  Kolback  creek 
falls  35  feet.  The  smelter  is  expected  to 
be  finished  before  Jan.  1st. 


I        PERSONAL.        ! 

*  * 

W.  A.  Boley  is  now  assayer  of  the 
Spearfish  G.  M.  &  R.  Co.,  Cyanide,  S.  D. 

A.  D.  Arundel  of  Hill  City,  S.  D.,  is 
superintendent  of  the  Gopher  mine,  near 
Hill  City. 

J.  Brooks  is  superintendent  of  the 
Dewey  mill  of  the  Columbia  C.  Co.,  at 
Bingham,  Utah. 

J.  H.  Hammond,  consulting  engineer  of 
Stratton's  Independence,  Ltd.,  is  in  Crip- 
ple Creek,  Colo. 

H.  R.  Ogden  is  superintendent  of  the 
Federal  Loan  mine  in  Willow  Valley,  near 
Nevada  City,  Cal. 

Richard  Addoms  is  superintendent  of 
the  Alpine  mine,  near  Sumpter,  Or.,  vice 
Rearden,  resigned. 

L.  McDonald,  a  mine  owner  of  French 
Gulch,  Shasta  county,  Cal,  is  in  San 
Francisco  on  business. 

H.  J.  Meisel,  assayer  and  chemist  for 
the  Rawhide  G.  M.  Co.,  near  Jamestown, 
Cal.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

H.  Eddy  has  resigned  as  superintend- 
ent of  the  Federal  Loan  mine  in  Willow 
Valley,  near  Nevada  City,  Cal. 
'  W.  C.  Marshall  has  resigned  as  man- 
ager of  the  Marshall-Russell  M.  Co.,  op- 
erating near  Georgetown,  Colo. 

J.  C.  Jens  is  in  southern  Mariposa 
county,  Cal.,  making  a  report  on  a  copper 
property  for  New  York  people. 

C.  R.  Downs,  superintendent  Bunker 
Hill  mine,  near  Amador  City,  Cal,  is  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal,  on  business. 

H.  K.  Wheeler  has  returned  to  Los 
Angeles,  Cal,  from  an  inspection  of  En- 
campment, Wyo.,  mining  property. 

F.  A.  Maxwell  is  manager  of  the 
Marshall-Russell  M.  Co.  at  Georgetown, 
Colo.,  vice  W.  C.  Marshall,  resigned. 

A.  H.  Elftman  of  the  Wabuse  mine, 
Silverton,  Colo.,  is  at  Hill  City  and  Dead- 
wood,  S.  D.,  on  professional  business. 

Webb  Smith  is  superintendent  of  the 
Kennedy  M.  Co.  at  Jackson,  Amador 
county,  Cal,  vice  J.  F.  Parks,  deceased. 

R.  J.  King  has  resigned  as  superinten- 
dent of  the  Esperanza  Oil  Co.  at  Coalinga, 
Cal.,  and  has  returned  to  Hanford,  Cal. 

F.  B.  Caldwell  of  Woodland,  Cal.,  is 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal,  after  an  extended 
visit  on  mining  business  to  Durango,  Mex- 
ico. 

W.  E.  Depty  of  Phoenix,  Ariz.,  is  in 
Cochise  county,  Ariz.,  and  will  go  from 
there  to  Sonora,  Mexico,  to  examine 
mines. 

I.  J.  Cole,  manager  and  superinten- 
dent of  the  Pine  Hill  mine,  near  Grass 
Valley,  Cal,  has  gone  East  on  company 
business. 

Duncan  McVichie,  of  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  manager  of  the  Bingham  Con.  C. 
Co.,  Bingham,  is  in  Helena,  Mont.,  on 
business. 

W.  H.  Child,  manager  of  the  Sheba 
mine,  south  of  Wells,  Nev.,  has  returned 
to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  from  a  trip  to 
the  mine. 

J.  A.  Veatch  of  Napa,  Cal,  interested 
in  La  Mina  Espiritu  Santo  of  Darien,  Co- 
lombia, is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal,  on  min- 
ing business. 

Manager  P.  Porter  of  the  Keystone 
group  at  Cortez,  Lander  county,  Nev.,  re- 
turned to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  last  week 
from  Nevada. 

Alexander  Hill,  consulting  engineer 
of  the  Le  Roi  Two  C.  Co.,  has  returned  to 
London,  England,  from  their  mines  at 
Rossland,  B.  C. 

B.  E.  Burger  of  San  Jose,  Cal,  inter- 
ested in  the  Fair  Play  mine  in  Nevada 
county,  Cal.,  is  in  Nevada  City,  Cal,  on 
mining  business. 

H.  Anderson  of  Bakersfield,  Cal,  is 
superintendent  of  the  Esperanza  Oil  Co. 
at  Coalinga,  Fresno  county,  Cal,  vice  R. 
J.  King,  resigned. 


C.  C.  Warner,  superintendent  of  the 
Copper  Glance  mine,  in  Warren  district, 
near  Bisbee,  Ariz.,  is  in  Marquette,  Mich., 
on  company  business. 

Allen  C.  Mason  of  Tacoma,  Wash., 
president  of  the  Big  Indian  mine  near 
Helena,  Mont.,  was  in  New  York  last 
month  on  a  business  visit. 

W.  E.  Thorne  of  San  Francisco,  Cal, 
has  gone  to  Oroville,  Cal,  to  collect  Butte 
county  mineral  specimens  for  the  State 
Mining  Bureau  exhibit  at  the  St.  Louis 
Exposition. 

John  M.  Beckwith  of  London,  Eng- 
land, formerly  manager  of  the  Silver 
King,  Ltd.,  of  Calico,  Cal.,  is  now  explor- 
ing in  the  gold  regions  of  Egypt  for  an 
English  company. 

C.  C.  Maltman,  formerly  in  charge  of 
the  gold  mines. at  Thompson,  Ga.,  left  San 
Francisco,  Cal,  this  week  for  the  Sabino 
M.  Co. 's  mines  at  Alamos,  Sonora,  Mex- 
ico, of  which  he  is  manager. 

W.  Broadbridge,  who  has  had  charge 
of  the  Sons  of  GwaUa,  Ltd.,  mines  at  Le- 
onora, Western  Australia,  has  been  ap- 
pointed manager  of  the  Vivien  G.  M., 
Ltd.,  at  Lawless,  Western  Australia. 

W.  A.  Pritchard,  formerly  superin- 
tendent of  the  Keystone  mine,  Amador 
City,  Cal.,  now  manager  for  Bewick, 
Moring  &  Co.  in  West  Australia,  has  been 
elected  a  vice-president  of  the  Chamber  of 
Mines  of  Western  Australia,  and  W.  J. 
Loring,  formerly  of  Angels,  Cal,  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  executive  council 

Albert  T.  De  Forest,  who  has  been 
district  manager  of  the  American  Steel  & 
Wire  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal,  where  he  will  make  his  future 
headquarters  in  the  interest  of  the  com- 
pany. Mr.  De  Forest  has  been  prominent 
in  the  company's  affairs  for  several  years, 
having  general  direction  and  active  man- 
agement of  their  mills  and  business  in  the 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  district. 

D.  H.  Jackson,  president  of  the  Ida 
Mitchell  M.  &  M.  Co.,  PlacerviUe,  Cal, 
was  in  New  York  City  last  month  on  a 
purchasing  trip.  The'  Ida  Mitchell  Co., 
of  which  he  is  the  head,  was  incorporated 
last  spring  at  Lancaster,  Pa.,  and  has 
among  its  officers  W.  W.  Apple,  G.  R. 
Heisey  of  Lancaster,  R.  S.  Apple  of  Ham- 
burg, Pa.,  and  H.  K.  Fox  and  A.  A.  Jack- 
son of  Philadelphia.  It  is  proposed  to 
equip  the  new  plant  electrically  through- 
out. The  company's  Philadelphia  offices 
are  in  the  North  American  building. 


SP**********************.;,***;!; 


Obituary. 


Levi  Staples,  a  pioneer  of  Utah  and 
a  merchant  and  mining  operator  in  Mac- 
kay,  Idaho,  died  at  Mackay  on  the  23rd 
inst.,  at  the  age  of  76  years. 

Gordon  Allen,  a  mining  operator  of 
Joplin  district,  Mo.,  was  shot  and  killed 
at  the  Aylor  mine,  near  Prosperity,  Mo., 
on  the  16th  inst.  in  a  discussion  over  liti- 
gated properties.  Deceased  was  32  j  ears 
of  age. 

George  Simmons,  a  mine  owner  of 
southern  Nevada  and  California,  and 
principal  owner  in  the  Turquoise  mines  of 
the  Toltec  Gem  M.  Co.,  near  Searchlight, 
Nov.,  was  shot  and  killed  on  the  15th  inst. 
at  Manvel,  Cal. 

R.  E.  Goodell,  a  pioneer  mine  operator 
of  Leadville,  Colo,  died  at  Denver,  Colo., 
on  the  19th  inst.  Deceased  was  born  at 
Pomfret,  Conn.,  in  1827.  At  age  of  15 
he  was  postmaster  of  Ottawa,  111.  Later, 
he  was  elected  Secretary  of  State  of  Illi- 
nois. He  enlisted  and  served  through  the 
Mexican  War,  and  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
Civil  War  was  colonel  of  the  Twentieth 
Illinois  Infantry.  He  is  survived  by  a 
widow,  four  daughters  and  a  son. 

J.  P.  O'Brien,  pioneer  prospector  and 
mining  man  of  Leadville  and  of  Denver, 
Colo.,  died  at  Denver,  Colo.,  on  the  21st 
inst.,  as  result  of  falling'  from  the  eighth 
floor  of  the  Equitable  Building,  down  the 
air  shaft.  Deceased  was  the  discoverer  and 
locator  of  the  O'Sullivan  claim  at  Lead- 
ville. He  was  lately  interested  in  other 
mining  properties,  among  which  were  the 
Bell  Mahone  group  and  the  Anna  Lee 
group,  also  in  mining  properties  near 
Waunlta  Springs,  Gunnison  county. 

L.  De  L.  Kellogg  died  at  Westfield, 
Mass.,  on  the  24th  inst.  Deceased  was  a 
pioneer  miner  of  Plumas  county,  Cal, 
coming  to  this  State  in  1852  and  en- 
gaging in  mining  at  Rich  Bar,  on  the  east 
branch  of  the  north  fork  of  Feather  river. 
Later  he  went  to  Trinity  and  Shasta 
counties.  During  the  early  '60s  he  owned 
and  worked  the  surface  placer  grounds  at 
Round  valley,  near  the  present  town  of 
Greenville,  and,  still  later,  the  Kittiemine 
at  Cherokee  until  1870.  After  disposing 
of  his  property  there,  he  was  employed  by 


Hearst,  Haggln,  Tevis,  et  al,  to  investi- 
gate mining  properties  in  Arizona,  New 
Mexico,  Utah  and  Dakota.  He  bought  for 
them  the  Father  De  Smet  and  Deadwood- 
Terra  mines  in  the  Black  Hills,  S.  D.,  and 
was  the  general  superintendent  of  these 
for  several  years.   He  was  76  years  of  age. 


S  ************************** 
■»  (5- 

i  Commercial  Paragraphs.! 

*  * 

The  A.  Lietz  Co.,  scientific  instrument 
makers,  move  into  new  and  enlarged 
quarters,  207  Montgomery  St.,  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  Nov.  2. 

A  COMPANY  has  been  organized  to 
erect  and  operate  the  Ferris  wheel  dur- 
ing the  St.  Louis  Exposition,  and  the 
engineering  work  of  the  taking  down, 
transportation  and  erection  of  the  wheel 
has  been  intrusted  to  Robert  W.  Hunt 
&  Co.  It  is  estimated  that  it  will  involve 
an  outlay  of  about  $125,000.  This  work 
will  be  under  the  direction  of  L.  V.  Rice, 
who  superintended  the  original  erection 
of  the  wheel  at  the  Columbian  World's 
Fair,  its  subsequent  taking  down  and  re- 
moval and  re-erection  upon  its  present 
site  in  North  Chicago.  As  this  will  be  the 
only  structure  from  which  the  whole 
Louisiana  Exposition  can  he  viewed,  and 
as  there  will  not  be  any  towers  or  any 
other  high  novelties  to  compete  with,  it  is 
believed  that  it  will  repeat  its  World's 
Fair  success. 


-•  ********-Jc  ***************** 

*  * 

|        Books   Received.         £ 

*  * 

"Electric  Railway  Economics"  is  the 
title  of  a  new  volume  on  this  increas- 
ingly important  subject,  by  W.  C.  Got- 
shall.  It  deals  with  the  preliminary 
problems  of  construction,  both  in  office 
and  field;  careful  estimates  of  earnings 
and  expenses;  construction;  comparison 
of  various  systems;  power  stations;  stor- 
age batteries;  rolling  stock  and  motors, 
etc.  It  also  contains  many  figures  and 
illustrations.  VI  +  252  pages.  Price,  $2; 
McGraw  Publishing  Co.,  New  York  City. 

"The  Gas  Engine,  "by  F.  R.  Hutton, 
is  the  title  of  a  work  on  this  important 
matter,  and  is  the  latest  American  con- 
tribution on  the  subject.  It  deals  with 
the  liberation  of  heat  energy  and  com- 
bustion; mechanical  energy  from  expan- 
sion of  gas  and  air;  the  various  types  of 
g'as  engines,  using  gas,  oil,  gasoline,  al- 
cohol, etc.;  and  also  goes  into  a  discussion 
of  the  mechanism  of  gas  and  heat  engines 
generally,  including  the  automobile.  The 
work  contains  483  +  XVIII  pages  with 
243  figures  and  half-tone  illustrations. 
Price,  cloth,  $5.  John  Wiley  &  Sons,  New 
York;  Chapman  &  Hall,  London. 


jf  **********  *  ***  *  *  ******  **** 

*  * 

|    Catalogues  Received.     £ 

*  «■ 

"The  Pinder  Concentrator  "  is  the  title 
of  an  attractive  catalogue  issued  by  the 
Joshua  Hendy  Machine  Works  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  It  describes  in  detail  the 
construction  and  operation  of  this  newest 
concentrating  device.  The  catalogue  goes 
into  the  scientific  and  practical  phases  of 
concentration  of  ores  and  contains  many 
valuable  hints  and  points  in  the  business. 
It  contains  32  pages  of  text  and  tables, 
and  is  handsomely  illustrated. 


Latest  Harket  Reports. 

San  Francisco,  October  30,  1903. 


Silver. — Per  oz.,  Troy:  London,  28d 
(standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New  York,  bar 
silver,  60|c,  refined  (1000  fine):  San  Fran- 
cisco, 60|c;  Mexican  dollars,  48@50c  San 
Francisco,  46jc  New  York. 

During  the  past  week  silver  has  fallen  a 
fraction  in  price,  being  quoted  to-day  at 
60|.  The  withdrawal  of  the  Government 
from  the  market  is  evidently  making  an 
impression.  Still,  it  is  believed  the  price 
will  not  go  below  60  cents,  and  it  may  ad- 
vance again. 

Copper.— New  York:  Standard,  $14.00; 
Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $14.00;  Electrolytic,  1 
to  3  casks,  $13.75;  Casting,  1  to  3  casks, 
$13.50;  San  Francisco:  $15.00.  Mill  cop- 
per plates,  $17.00;  bars,  18@24c.  London: 
£54  10s  spot  per  ton. 

Copper  had  taken  a  slight  advance  dur- 
ing the  week,  being  quoted  at  13.50  to  14 
cents.  The  foreign  market  is  stated  to  be 
in  better  shape  than  for  some  time  past, 
with  a  more  active  inquiry  for  copper.  A 
pronounced  buying  movement,  which  had 
been  anticipated,  is  manifest,  with  a  con- 
sequent higher  price. 

Lead.  —  New  York,   $4.50;    Salt   Lake 


OCTOBZB  31,    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


29T 


pity,  J3.50;  St.  Louis,  14.00;  Sun  Fran- 
(4.50,  carload  lots;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lie.;  pipe  (ii.  sliwt  7.  bar  .">,V:  pjg,  {4.75. 
London:   El  1  5s  r*  long  ton. 

si'ki.tkk. — New  York,  J6.12J; St.  Louis, 
fc.10;  London,  £20  I5e  ,-'  '■"<>'■  San  Fran- 
Bsco,  ton  lota,  6}<S;   l(XI-tti.  lots,  7c. 

Tin.— Now  York,  pig,  t26.00@26.2fi; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  27  IM)  28c; 

MO  ti-..  28c;  lass,  28jo;  bar  tin,  V  ti>..  30(S 
32c.     London,  £118. 

Pi.atintm.  —  San  Francisco,  orude, 
*]h.ik>  y  ,,/..:  New  York,  ingot,  819.00  g 
Ti-ov  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75®  80c  $ 
Pram. 

QOIOKSILVER.  —  New     York,     $46.00(2 

47. ini,  large  lots;  L Ion,    £8  7a  fid;  San 

francluco,  local,  843(2  44  f>  Bask  of  7ii.l  Ids.; 
Denver,  $4!i.."iii.      Export,  $42.50@43.00. 

Babbitt  Metal. — San  Francisco,  No. 
1,  Hii-:  No.  -.  7c;  No.  :!,  lUc;  extra.  17Ar: 
genuine,  35c;    Eclipse,  .'17.1c. 

SOLDER,  —  Half-and-half,  I00-Ib.  lots, 
1m.7."i.-:  Sun  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-lb. 
lots,  15.50o. 

ZINC— Metallic,  chemically  pun-.  y  it.. . 
EOo;  dust,  f*  II'..  lOo;  sulphate,  r1  lb.,  ,04c. 

Nickkl.— New  York.  "i<)(.i  title  r'  "'■;  ten 
lot-.  4iii«  47c. 

ALUMINUM.— New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  -.  90%,  30@34c. 

Antimony.  —  New  Y'ork,  Cookson'e, 
7|c;  Hallett's,  8|c;  San  Francisco,  lntiO-IK 
lots,  8c;  300@50O-ibs.,  8Jc;  100-lb.  lots,  l(Mc. 

STRUCTURAL    MATERIALS. 

Iron. — Pittsburg.  Bessemer  pig.  816.35 
oil7.Hi;  gray  forge,  $14. (io;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar.  3o  Y  tl>..  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

Steel.  —  Bessemer  billets.  Pittsburg, 
827.00@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
[2)30.00;  San  Francisco,  bar,  7c  to  12c 
■ft  lb. 

CHICAGO   CURRENT   QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $17  00@18  00 

Foundry  Northern  1 16  50@17  00 

Northern  2 16  00@16  50 

Northern  3 15  50@16  00 

Southern  1  16  10® 

Southern  2 15  60@ 

Southern  3 15  10@ 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 19  00®20  00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00®29  00 

Bars,  iron 1  50® 

Bars,  steel 1  75®  1  80 

Rails,  standard 28  00@30  00 

Rails,  light 28  00@34  00 

Plates,  boiler 1  90®  2  00 

Tank 1  75®  1  80 

Sheets,  26  store 2  90®  3  00 

No.  27 2  90®  3  00 

No.  28 3  00®  3  10 

Angles 1  75® 

Beams 1  75® 

Tees 1  80® 

Zees 1  75® 

Channels 1  75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 13  50@14  00 

Relaying  rails 23  00®25  00 

Dealers  forge 12  00®12  50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14  00@14  50 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 13  00@14  00 

Iron  rails 17  00@17  50 

Car  wheels 17  00@18  00 

Cast  borings 5  25®  5  50 

Turnings 10  00@10  50 

Lumber.  —  (Retail):  Pine,  ordinary 
sizes,  $24.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher: 
redwood,  $28.00(3.30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.50 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $15.00 for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
©35.00. 

Nails. — Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.50;  6d  and  7d.  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

Lime. — Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  fi  bbl. 

Cement.— Imported,  $2.50@2. 75  $bbl.; 
California  carload  lots,  $2.25  f.  o.  b.  at 
works;  small  lots,  $2.50  $  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

Oils. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  49c;  cs., 
54c;  raw,  bbl.,  47c;  cs.,  52c;  Lucol  oil 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs.,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cs.,  47c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  22c; 
Astral,  22c;  Star,  22c;  Extra  Star,  26c; 
Eocene,  25c;  Elaine,  28c;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  15Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
19c;  wooden  bbls.,  2Hc;  cs.,  25c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs.,  26Jc;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27Jc;  63°  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  in  cs.,  19£c;  Lard  Oil,  E.  W.  S., 
bbl.,  85c;  cs.,  90c;  Neats-foot  Oil,  pure, 
bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude,  50®60c; 
Natural  White,  70c;  Bleached,  do.,  75c; 
Whale  Oil,  cs.,  50($55c. 

Powder. — F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No. 
1,  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  lb.,  in  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.   No.  1*, 


60%,  carload  tots,  I3jc;  less  than  one  ton, 

IG  0%,  carload  lots,  life:  less 

than  one   ton,   l3jo.    No.  2.  10%,  carload 

lots.    Hie:   less  than  one  ton.    12c     No.  2. 
,'(.'i"„,  carload  lots,  9Jc;  less   than   one   ton, 

Hie.     No.   2      305 arload   bus.  8c;  less 

than  one  ton,  lie.     Black  blasting  powder 
in    carload    lots,  minimum   car   728 
81.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  82.00  per  keg. 

Caps.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  86.50;  fix, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

Fuse.— Triple  tape.  83.60  per  1000  feet; 

double    tape.    83.00;     single     tape.     82.65; 
Hemp.  82.10;  Cement  No.  2.  83.00;  Cement 

No.  1.  $2.11.7,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

Candles.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s.,  lie 

r<  -el:    li  oz.,   Ins.,  lllc. 

Coal.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  88.00;  Seattle, 
Coos  Day,  85.60;  Southh'eld,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend, 87.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  lid.,  814.00; 
Scotch.  $8.00;  i  'umberland,  $13.00;  I  lannel, 
$8.50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Kock 
Springs.  $8.50,  long  ton;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, 814.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk.  813.00  in  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

CHEMICALS. — Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  ~v>  ll>.;  carloads, 
23(o  23Je;  in  tins.  30c:  soda  ash,  $2.00  $  100 
lbs.;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  3(2  3Jc  per  Hi. : 
caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}c  $  B>.;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40  f,  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c 
in  40-lb.  tins;  roll  sulphur,  2J(H  23c;  pow- 
dered sulphur,  2®3c;  Hour  sulphur, 
French,  3J.@3Jc;  alum,  $2.00(5)2.25;  Cali- 
fornia refined,  13@2c;  sulphide  of  iron,  8c 
$  lb.;  copper  sulphate,  5J®5jjc:  chloride  of 
lime,  spot,  $2.50<a>2.75;  sulphuric  acid,  in 
carboys,  66%  B,  l}@2c  $  lb.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  $  lb. 

Bone  Ash.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  fi  ft. 
No.  1,  4@5c. 

White  Lead.— Per  ft.,  in  kegs:  500  lbs. 
and  over  at  one  purchase,  per  ft.,  6c;  less 
than  500  fts.,  per  ft.,  7e;  in  25-tb.  tin  pails, 
Jc  $  ft.  above  keg  price;  in  1  and  5-lb  tin 
cans,  100  lbs.  per  case,  Jc.  per  ft.  above 
keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1  ton  and 
over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

Red  Lead. — 500  fts.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  ^,  ft.,  6jc;  less  than  500  lbs.,   7c. 

Litharge.— Pure,  in  25-6.  bags,  8@9c 
lib. 

Borax. — Concentrated,  6@7c  ^  ft;  pow- 
dered, 8@10c;  fused,  20@25c;  crystal,  7c; 
calcined,  25c. 

Manganese.— Pure,  $  ft.,  60c. 

Sodium.— Metal,  f,  ft.,  $1.00. 

Bismuth.— Subnitrate,  $  ft.,  $1.75. 

Mercury.— Bichloride,  f,  ft.,  90c. 

Molybdenum.— $2.00  ~fi.  lb. 

Chromium.— 90%  and  over,  ~tf,  ft.,  $1.00. 

Phosphorus. — American,  $  ft.,  75c. 

Silver.— Chloride,  fs  oz.,  90c®81.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

Aluminum. — No.  1.,  99%,  small  lots, 
37c  fl  ft.;  100  fts.,  35e;  1000  fts,  34c;  ton  lots 
and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%, 
small  lots,  34c:  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

Uranium.— Oxide,  ?,  lb.,  $3.50. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U,  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention: 

Step-Ladders.— No.  741,872.  Oct.  20,  1903.  J.  A. 
Ashley,  Yuba  City,  Cal.  This  invention  consists  in 
a  bolt  for  securing  the  parts  of  step-ladders  to- 
gether consisting  of  a  threaded  cylindrical  portion 
adapted  to  pass  through  the  side  of  the  ladder,  a 
vertical  portion  to  pass  through  the  step,  said  por- 
tion being  made  segmental  in  cross  section  and 
wider  than  the  cylindrical  portion  and  a  trans- 
verse head  having  depressed  ends. 

Dental  Dams.— No.  741,890.  Oct.  20,  1903.  H. 
Craigie,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  One-half  assigned  to 
J.  W.  Rooch  of  same  place.  This  invention  relates 
particularly  to  an  improvement  in  rubber  dams  as 
used  in  dentistry.  It  consists  as  a  new  article  of 
manufacture  in  a  perforated  rubber  dam  having  an- 
nular embosses  upon  its  surface  surrounding  the 
perforations,  the  walls  of  said  perforations  being 
beveled. 

Mowing  Machine.— No.  7J1.874.  Oct.  20,  1903. 
J.  W.  Barnes,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  This  invention 
relates  to  improvements  in  mowing  machines  em- 
ploying an  endless  cutter  in  contradistinction  to 
those  in  which  a  reciprocating  cutter  bar  is  used. 
Its  object  is  to  provide,  among  other  things,  a  sim- 
ple, efficient,  durable  and  positively  operated  de- 
vice in  which  the  speed  of  the  cutter  may  be  regu- 
lated according  to  the  character  of  the  grain  and 
the  rate  of  travel  of  the  team. 

Sidehill  Harvesting  Machine.— No.  741,876. 
Daniel  Best,  San  Leandro,  Cal.  This  invention  re- 
lates to  that  class  of  machinery  designed  for  cut- 
ting, threshing  and  cleaning  grain,  in  which  the 
machine  is  mounted  upon  wheels  and  adapted  to 
travel  over  the  Held  in  which  the  grain  stands,  be- 
ing propelled  by  either  animal  or  mechanical 
power.  It  consists  in  a  means  for  changing  the 
position  of  the  bearing  wheels  relative  to  each 
other  in  such  manner  that  the  threshing  and  clean- 
ing mechanism  of  the  apparatus  may  be  main- 
tained substantially  level  in  the  direction  trans- 
verse to  the  line  of  travel  and  when  the  machine  is 
traveling  upon  sidehills  or  inclined  ground,  which 


would  otherwise  throw  the  said  mechanism  out  of 
level. 

APPARATUS  i"H  Ass, ,,(,  i\<.  AND  DISTRIBUTING 

I'm  1 1   -Nil    74l,9!a     Oct.  •-■".   ii«i:t    C.  Rayburn, 
Ltndsay.CBl,     '  ol   this  Invent  i 

provide  suitable  means  for  the  rapid  handling  ol 
assorted  fruit   by    affording  :  on  tor  a 

greater  number  oi  paokers  than  It  has  heretofore 
been  generally  possible  to  employ,  at  the  same 
Domfzlng  Boor  space. 
Wheels.- No.  741,877.  Oct.  311  ISO: 
San  Leandro,  Cal.  This  Invention  relates  tothe 
ihiss  ,,(  vehicle  wheels,  and  especially  to  those 
wheels  whton  are  to  be  used  with  heavy  vehicles, 
such  as  harvesters,  traction  engines,  road  tocomo. 
tlves  and  the  like,  and  the  object  i-  to  so  construct 

the  wheel  hub  as  ti ible  the  spokes  i"  be  readily 

Inserted  and  removed  without    bending,  an 
sure  them  against  accidental  displacement  or  re- 
moval from  the  sl,,i-  or  channels. 


New  Patents. 


Dbwby,  Sthong  &  Oo.'a  Scientific  E*bbb& 
Patknt  Agency,  830  Market  St.,  S.  P.,  bos  official 
reports  of  the  following  r.  s.  patents  Issued  to 
Pacini-  Coast  Inventors; 

FOH  THE  WEEK   ENDING   OCTOBEB  20,    1003. 

741,994.— Insulator— Andereon  &  Bebler,  Los  An- 
geles, Gal. 
741,872.— Step  Laddbb— J.  A.  Ashley,  Yuba  City, 

Cal. 
741,874.— Mowing  Machine— J.  W.  Barnes,  S,  P, 
741,876.— hahvestkh—  D.  Best,  Sim  Leandro,  Cal. 
741,877.— Wheeiu—D.  Best,  San  Leandro,  Cal. 
741,764.— Honey  Coub  Frame— J.  W.  Brown,   Los 

Angeles,  Cal. 
742.0U3.—  Table— G.  C.  Calentine.Tacumu,  Wash. 
741, Hint.—  Dental  Dam— H.  Craigie,  S.  P. 
741,892. — Crushing  Rolls— W.  (;.  Dodd,  S.  F. 
742,029.— Watch  Holder— Holimann  &,  Rosenfeld, 

San  Diego,  Cal. 
741,793.— Plow  Point— T.  .1.  Hubbell,  Los  Angeles, 

741.794.— Beet  Root  Cutter— T.  J.  Hubbell,  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

742,119.— Oil  Burneh— R.  M.  Jackson,  Los  Anpeles, 
Cal. 

742,038.— Range  Finder— J.  W.  Kern,  Portland.  Or. 

741,680.— Stove— H.  Lang,  Oakland,  Cal. 

741.806.— Lock  Washer— W.  C  Matteson,  Stock- 
ton, Cal. 

741,921.— Hopple— J.  H.  Miller,  Dora,  Or. 

741,925.— Casing— R.  S.  Oiler,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

742,057.— NTJT  Lock  —Owen  &,  Shaw,  Spokane, 
Wash. 

741.706.— Roll  Paper  Printer— A.  E.  Palmer, 
S.  F. 

741,926.— Pump— C  L.  Parker,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

742,062.— Bag  Machine— Philbrick  &  Coulter,  Port- 
land, Or. 

741.832.— Farm  Gate— S.  Purvine,  Salem,  Or. 

741,928.— Fruit  Grader— C.  Rayburn,  Lindsay, 
•  Cal. 

741,722.— Tooth  Brush.— Ryder  &  Reynolds,  Red- 
ding, Cal. 

741,725.— Concentrator— E.  Schutz,  S.  F. 

741,731.— Loading  Cars  —  S.  K.  Smith,  Roslyn, 
Wash. 

742,078.— Harvester— L.  Spencer,  Island  City,  Or. 

741,819.— Artificial  Leg—  C.  E.  Stone,  Port  Town- 
send,  Wash. 

741,736.— Gas  Jet  Holder— E.  B,  Stoner,  Astoria, 
Or. 

741,850.— Row  Lock— J.  R.  Supple,  Oakland,  Cal. 

742,135.—  Reflector— H.  H.  Taylor,  San  Jose,  Cai. 

741,738.— Projectile— H.  E.  Thomas,  S.  F. 

741,740.— Collar  Button— J.  W.  Tinch,  Los  An- 
geles  Cal 

74L862.— Oil  Distributor— T.F.  White,  Chino,  Cal. 

741,867.— Oil  Burner— G.  E.  Witt,  S,  F. 


THERE'S  NO  REASON 

for  you  to  pay  high  lubricating  oil 
bills  when  you  can  cut  them  in  half 
with  a 

CROSS  OIL  FILTER. 

It  Alters  oil  you  usually  throw  away. 
making  it  tit  to  use 
again  and  again. 

You  may  try  one 
30  days,  and  if  not 
exactly  as  repre- 
sented return  at 
our  expense. 


■m 


'•The  Cross  Oil 
Filters  purchased 
from  you  are  giving 

good  satisfaction." 
W.Va.  Pulp  &  Pa- 
per Co.,  Piedmont, 
W.Va. 


THE  BURT  MFG.  CO., 

Largist  Mfrs  of  Oil  Filters  in  the  World. 

Akron,  Ohio,  U.  S.  A. 
Also  supplied  by  Engine  Builders,  Oil 
Companies  ancl  Power  Contractors. 


£ 


SITUATIONS  WANTED 


AX  ASSAYER  ANDCHEMISTWITB  TWELVE 
-  experience  In  mlnli  smelting 

and  cyanide  work  desires  a  position.    Best  <•(  refer- 
ences.   Address  Box  8W.  Central  Cits    '  - 


CYANIDE    CHEMIST    Wliu    BAS    SUCC1  SS 
fully  managed  cyanide  plants  will  t"-  open  rm- 
■■in   in  November.    Ten  years* expi 

Dtries.   Reasonable  salary.  Address 
"Reliable,"  oare  uf  this  i 

EXPERIENCED    MILLMAN     WISHES    Posi- 
tion.   Address  Box  117,  Oroville,  Cal. 


FLRST-CLASS    STATIONARY    ENGINEER;  85 
years' experience  In  mills  and  mines.    Address 
Frank  Wagner,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  ITranolsco, 


Manager  or  Superintendent.    Good  executive 
ability.  Extensive  experience  In  mining  and  treat* 

iiijj  laru'i-  liuiiii-s  of  low  tirade    refractory    gold    ore. 

South  Africa  or  Wesl   Australia  preferred.    Ad- 
dress "Tellurlde,"  this  office. 


MINING  ENGINEER  AND  METALLURGIST, 
with  sixteen  years'  of  practical  experience  as 
manager,  superintendent  and  consulting  engineer 
of  mines  and  mills,  desires  position  on  or  after 
November  1st.  Speaks  Spanish  fluently.  Address 
P.  O.  Box  77,  Durango,  Mexico. 


MINING    ENGINEER    OF    GOOD   STANDING, 
with  twelve  years'  experience  In  mines  and 

mills,  wants  position   as  expert.     School  of  Mines 
graduate.    Address  V.  X..  this  office. 


SITUATION  AS  MILLMAN  OR  CHARGE  OF 
small  mine,  after  November  15th,  by  middle- 
aged  man.  Over  twenty  years'  experience  in  mine 
and  mill.  All  round  worker.  Nine  years  with 
present  company.  Wish  to  make  change.  Good 
references.  Address  •■Millman,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press. 


SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION  WITH 
substantial  company.  Practical  miner,  mill- 
man,  assayer  and  cyanide  expert.  Address  Supt., 
this  office. 


\4/ANTED,  BY  A  FIRST-CLASS  CYANIDE 
Chemist  and  Assayer  havins:  had  ten  years' 
experience  in  the  construction  and  management  of 
plants  in  some  of  the  main  gold  and  silver  camps  of 
the  West,  a  position  with  a  reliable  company.  Sat- 
isfactory work  guaranteed.  Highest  references 
given.  Moderate  salary.  Address  "Cyanide 
Chemist,"  care  of   Mining    and    Scientific  Press. 


WANTED  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED  MINING 
Engineer  and  Manager,  a  position  as  mine 
manager  in  gold,  silver  or  copper  proposition,  with 
a  first-class  corporation.  Have  had  35  years'  ex- 
perience in  U.  S.  and  Mexico;  prefer  Mexico. 
Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
well  acquainted  with  Mexico,  and  am  employed 
now.  Desire  a  change  between  November  and 
January  1st,  1004.  Salary  expected  not  less  than 
$5000  per  annum.  Can  furnish  the  best  of  refer- 
ence. Address  "Mine  Manager,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press.  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WISH  POSITION  AS  SUPERINTENDENT  OF 
a  mine,  assayer,  millman,  steam  engineer,  or 
tool  sharpener.  Fifteen  years'  experience.  Have 
good  assay  outfit.  Address  J.  L.  WETMORE,  Rich 
Gulch,  Calaveras  Co.,  Cal. 


YOUNG  MAN  DESIRES  POSITION  AS  MILL 
Man.  Has  had  six  years'  practical  experience 
in  amalgamating  and  concentrating,  and  a  fair 
knowledge  of  the  operation  of  engines.  Will  give 
best  of  references  upon  application.  Address 
C.  L.  B.,  care  this  office. 


r~ "^ 

HELP    WANTED. 

tw J 


WANTED.— An  experienced,  active  Foreman  for 
a  California  quartz  mine.  Must  be  thoroughly 
familiar  with  mining  both  above  and  below  ground, 
and  mining  machinery.  Apply,  with  references,  to 
Room  44,  No.  230  Montgomery  St.,  San  Francisco. 


WRITE    TO    US 

For  Competent 

TECHNICAL    men 

For  all  classes  of  work. 
5000  positions  filled  in  10  years. 

Engineering  Agency 

210  Monadnock  Block,  CHICAGO. 


A  [Place  Well  Won 


1 


WATCH 


to-day  regulates  the 
world's  time. 

An  illustrated  history  of  l.bo 
watch   sent  frco  upon  re- 
quest to  ( 
Elgin  National  Watch  Co..  ,.\^ 
■j            Elgin,  III.          . 


19 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


October  31,  1903. 


A  Self-Contained  Cyanide 

PumpandEngine* 

Capacity  75  to  150  Gallons  per  Minute. 

YOU  GET— 

A  first-class  Gasoline  Engine. 

A  2-inch  Centrifugal  Pump. 

A  Heavy  Iron  Base  for  Engine  and  Pump. 

Cut  Driving  Gears. 

Fuel  Tank  and  all  connections. 

Sparking  Dynamo  and  Coils. 

Oilers  and  Wrenches. 

Attach  Suction  and  Discharge  Pipes — That's  all. 
Engine  Automatic. 

We  build  Stationary  and  Hoisting  Engines  up  to 

500  Horse  Power. 

HERCULES  GAS   ENGINE  WORKS, 

S/*PX    FRANCISCO. 

GENERAL   ELECTRIC   COMPANY'S 

Electric    Rumps 


Duplex  Double  Acting  Pump  Driven  by  IS  H.  P. 
Current  flotor. 


may  be  run  automatically, 
may  be  controlled  from  any 
point  in  the  mine,  and  will 
give  the  highest  efficiency 
independent  of  the  level  to 
which  the  water  is  to  be 
raised. 


General  Office:  Schenectady,  N.  Y. 

San  Francisco  Office  :    Claus  Spreckels  Bide.  Denver  Office  :    Klttredge  Building. 

Salt  Lake  City  Office:  25  East  First  South  Street. 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.:     Douglas  Building.  Portland,  Ore.:     Worcester  Building. 


Crocker- Wheeler  Company, 

AMPERE,  N.  J. 

Motors 

for  all   sorts  of 
industrial  applications. 

We  carry  a  large  stock  in 
our  San  Francisco  office, 
Fremont  and  Howard  Sts. 


CHICAGO  RAWHIDE  MFG.  CO. 


Manufacturers  of 

RAWHIDE 
BELTING, 
LACING,  Etc 


MABBS  HYDRAULIC  RAWHIDE 
PACKING. 

Best  and  most  durable. 


Chicago  Rawhide  Pinions. 

Run  with  metal  gears  with  no 

noise  or  vibration. 


7S     OHIO    STREET, 

CHICAGO,    IL.L. 


FILTER 
PRESSES 

William  R.  Pcrrin 
&  Company, 


CHICAGO. 


DENVER. 


The  BLEICHERT 
WIRE  ROPE 
TRAMWAY 


More  Bleichert  Tramways  in  use 
than  all  others. 


MANUFACTURED  BY 

THE    TRENTON    IRON    CO. 

TRENTON,  N.  J. 

Engineers  and  Contractors  and  sole  licen- 
sees in  North  America  for  the  Bleichert 
System.    Also,  Wire  Rope    Equip- 
ments for  Cable   Hoist-Convey- 
ors,   Surface     and     Under- 
ground    Haulage,     Etc. 

Illustrated  book  upon  application. 


New  York  Office-Cooper,  Hewitt  &  Co.,  17  Burling  Slip. 

Chicago  Office— 1 1 14  Monadnock  Building. 
DENVER  0FFICE--R.  D.  SEYMOUR,  Manager,  1711  Tremont  St. 

Picher  Natural 
Blue  Lead  Paint. 

BEST  PROTECTIVE  PAINT  FOR  ALL  IRON    AND  STEEL    SURFACES.     WITHSTANDS  THE 
action  of  sulphureted  hydrogen  gases. 

SEND  25  CENTS  to  cover  express  charges  for  one  quart  and  illustrated  booklet  free. 


Address  Dept.  B. 


PICHER    LEAD    CO. 


Chicago,  111. 


Joplin,  Mo. 


New  York,  N.  Y. 


OTCA1UI     AMI"!     PniulDDCCCCn     AID    COMPRESSED   AIR   FOR   UNDERGROUND  OR 
O  I  LHIVI     HVtU     l_iUmrnE.OOt.LI     Hln.      Hazardous  Surface  Haulage—  Most  Economical. 
Dependable,  Safe  and  Satisfactory.    Illustrated  Catalogue  on  application  if  mine  owner  or  official. 
ADDRESS,  MENTIONING  THIS  PAPER. 


H.  K.  PORTER  COMPANY, 


N.  W.  CORNER 
WOOD  &  SIXTH, 


PITTSBURG,  PA. 


Hemlock  Knots 

A  popular  material  for 
machine  bearings. 

But  this  was  when  our 
grandfathers  "settled  up 
the  country  "  and  made 
their  own  grindstone 
frames  and  horse  powers. 
The  world  has  moved,  since 
then,  over  an  OCEAN  OF 
OIL,  running  to  waste. 


GRAPHITE- 


BUSMNGS 


MACHINERY  BUILDERS 
and  users  have  learned 
that  there  is  economy  and. 
efficiency  in  using  our 

GRAPHITE  AND 
BRONZE 
BEARINGS 

THAT  RUN  WITHOUT 
OIL. 


The  Graphite  Lubricating:  Co. 

Church  Street,  Near  Main, 

BOUND  BROOK,  N.  J.,  U.  S.  A. 

J-gERL-C3S     EIZHIZHZIL.   E3F"   MINES 

MglHIgEliJrJIgM 

^™ »^ 

Full  courses  in  Mining.  Electrical,  and  all  kinds  of  Engineering. 
Assaying.  Cyanide  and  Mill  Processes.        Catalogue    Tree. 


Whole  No.  2259.-VOLNuu':Eb^1X9XV" 


San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Saturday,  November  7, 1903. 


THREE  DOLLARS  PER  ANNUM. 
Single  Copies,  Ten  Cents. 


Mine  Investment  in  Mexico. 


Many  investors  are  now  looking 
toward  Mexico  with  a  view  to  ac- 
quiring mining  property  there. 
While  undoubtedly  there  are  many 
opportunities  in  that  Republic,  it 
should  be  remembered  that  good 
mines— by  which  is  meant  mines 
that  can  be  profitably  worked — are 
probably  not  more  numerous  in 
Mexico  than  in  the  United  States. 
The  Mexican  mining  laws,  which, 
on  the  whole,  are  good  and  equable 
laws,  differ  materially  from  our 
own.  and  no  American  citizen  should 
make  mining  investment  in  Mexico 
without  being  fully  informed  con- 
cerning the  Mexican  mining  code. 
There  is  a  system  of  procedure 
which  must  be  rigidly  adhered  to, 
or  the  cdncession  may  be  lost  to  the 
investor,  and  it  is  needless  to  say 
that  the  more  valuable  his  mine 
proves  to  be,  the  greater  the  danger 
to  his  title  if  every  particular  be 
not  observed.  If  a  large  investment 
in  plant  is  contemplated,  it  is  the 
more  important  that  all  the  forma- 
lities of  the  law  be  complied  with, 
and  that  the  system  of  taxation  be 
fully  understood  and  provided  for. 
In  former  years,  before  the  revision 
of  the  mining  laws,  foreign  invest- 
ment often  proved  disastrous  for 
other  reasons  than  the  lack  of  value 
in  the  mines;  but  more  recently  a  large  amount 
of  English  and  American  capital  has  gone  into 
Mexico,  and  some  large  and  successful  min- 
ing operations  are  the  result.  There  are  many 
new  districts  being  opened  up,  but  the  old 
districts  are  still  the  favorite  field  for  the  in- 
vestor. There  are  many  mines  in  Mexico  which  have 
been  successfully  worked  by  native  miners  in  the 
past — some  of  them  a  century   or  more  since — but 


Montejus,  Greenback  Cyanide  Mill,  Oregon.     (See  page  306). 


the  encountering  of  water,  or  base  ores,  or  some 
other  hardship,  usually  resulted  in  a  cessation  of  all 
operations,  while  the  owner  would  devote  his  atten- 
tion to  another  vein  in  the  same  or  some  other  dis- 
trict. The  chief  cause  of  stoppage  was  generally  the 
working  of  the  vein  to  the  water  level.  In  such 
mines  the  new  investor  doubtless  stands  the  best 
chance  for  success,  though  the  equipment  would  call 
for  a   larger  investment  than  would  be  required  if  it 


Stope  Worked  by  Square  Set  Method  in  Mexican  Mine,  Showing  Sprags  tQ  Roof. 


were  a  tunnel  proposition.  Many  years  of  ex- 
perience has  proved  that  a  Mexican  miner  can 
work  a  mine  by  means  of  a  tunnel  as  will  as 
anyone  else,  in  his  own  peculiar  way,  and  he  has 
also  demonstrated  his  ability  to  succssfully  op- 
erate a  dry  mine  by  means  of  shafts — the  ore  being 
carried  up  hundreds  of  feet  through  the  workings  on 
the  backs  of  half-nude  men  who,  barefooted,  climb  the 
notched  posts,  called  by  American  miners  ' '  chicken 
ladders,"  until  they  reach  an  adit  level, 
through  which  they  pack  ore  to  daylight. 

There  is  no  phase  of  mining  in  dry,  good- 
standing  ground,  with  which  the  Mexican 
miner  is  not  familiar,  except  timbering  by 
square  set  method  or  some  of  the  other 
more  modern  schemes  for  stoping,  such  as 
caving  and  filling,  etc.  In  view  of  these 
facts,  investors  should  approach  with  cau- 
tion old  Mexican  mines  which  are  idle,  but 
which  are  represented  as  still  having  fabu- 
lous value,  for  the  mine  which  a  Mexican 
could  not  make  pay  with  his  low  costs  for 
labor  and  methods  requiring  a  minimum  of 
supplies,  is  likely  to  prove  a  financial  burden 
in  the  hands  of  American  investors,  who  put 
into  the  enterprise  large  capital  with  mod- 
ern equipment  and  methods.  There  are 
doubtless  many  exceptions  to  be  found,  but 
this  word  of  caution  is  certainly  not  misdi- 
rected, for  the  Mexican  miner  has  shown 
that  his  judgment  of  mining  property  is  ex- 
cellent. 

Those  mines,  which  are  in  operation  and 
profitable  under  native  management,  should 
under  a  competent  American  management 
continue  to  pay,  and  those  mines  which  have 
been  good  above  the  water  line  would  doubt- 
less prove  valuable  below  it.  It  is  these  two 
latter  classes  of  mines  that  form  the  best 
class  of  mine  investment  in  Mexico,  possessing 
fewer  elements  of  failure  than  untried  propo- 
sitions or  those  which  have  failed. 


L'99 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS. 


ESTABLISHED  i860. 


Published  Every  Saturday  at  330    Market  Street,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 
Telephone,  Davis  771. 


ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION. 

United  States,  Mexico  and  Canada S3  00 

Al  1  Other  Countries  in  the  Postal  Union 5  00 


Entered  at  the  San  Francisco  Postoffice  as  second-class  mail  matter. 


Branch  Offices: 
New  York  City,  720  Park  Row  Bldg.  Boston,  27  School  St. 

Chicago,  1115  Monadnock  Block, 


DENVER,  606  Mack  Block. 


J.  F.  HALLORAN Publisher 


SAN  FRANCISCO,  NOVEMBER  7,   1903. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

ILLUSTRATIONS:  Page. 

Montejus,  Greenhaek  Cyanide  Mill,  Oregon 298 

Stope  Worked  by  Square  Set  Method  in  Mexican  Mine,  Showing 

Sprags  to  Roof 298 

Dynamos  and  Motors,  Showing  the  Various  Windings  and  Wire 

Connections 301-302 

Centrifugal  Cone  Separator,  Continuous  Discharge 304 

100-Ton  Standard  Unit  Van  Meter-Boss  Oil  Concentrator 304 

Map  of  Horsefly  Co.'s  Property,  British  Columbia 305 

Dam  on  Mussel  Creek,  British  Columbia 305 

Pump  and  Gasoline  Engine  for  Cyanide  Plant 306 

Impact  Screen  for  Ores 306 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents '. 307 

EDITORIAL: 

Mine  Investment  in  Mexico 298 

Industrial  Conditions  and  the  Gold  Miner 299 

The  Difficulties  of  Concentration 299 

Modern  Methods  in  Ancient  Mines 299 

Claim  and  Location 299 

Miners  Leaving  Butte,  Mont 299 

Result  of  Strike  in  Cripple  Creek 299 

MINING  SUMMARY 308-309-310-311-312 

LATEST  MARKET   REPORTS 313 

MISCELLANEOUS: 

Concentrates 300 

Dynamos  and  Motors,  Showing  the  Various  Windings  and  Wire 

Connections 301 

Consumption  of  Zinc  in  Cyanide  Plants 302 

Milling  on  Douglas  Island,  Alaska 303 

A  System  of  Continuous  Concentration  of  Ores  by  Oil 304 

Alluvial  Deposits  of  Horsefly,  B.  C 305 

A  Number  Scheme  for  Mines 305 

Pump  for  a  Cyanide  Plant 306 

A  Montejus  and  Filter  Press  for  Cyanidation 306 

Standardizing  of  Methods  of  Chemical  Analysis 306 

Order  of  Drop  of  Stamps 306 

Ammonal,  A  New  Explosive 306 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 307 

Personal 313 

Commercial  Paragraphs 313 

Dividends 313 

Catalogues  Received 313 


Industrial  Conditions  and  the  Gold 
Miner. 

Eastern  iron  manufacturers  are  strenuously  en- 
deavoring to  readjust,  as  far  as  possible,  the  disor- 
ganized condition  of  the  industrial  world,  of  which 
their  operations  are  the  pulse.  A  further  curtailment 
of  output  is  deemed  necessary  to  restore  the  pig  iron 
market  to  a  normal  condition.  On  the  2nd  inst. 
a  number  of  the  largest  merchant  blast  furnace  oper- 
ators of  the  East  met  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ,  and  decided 
to  reduce  production  at  least  20%  further,  having  al- 
ready reduced  the  output  materially  during  October. 
Something  will  have  to  be  done  in  the  right  direction 
to  re-establish  industrial  activity.  The  great  trusts 
formed  three  or  four  years  ago  did  much,  no  doubt, 
to  promote  unusual  progress  in  the  commercial  and 
industrial  world,  but  some  of  these  great  organiza- 
tions have  come  to  grief  and  investors  are  becoming 
timid.  This  state  of  affairs,  coupled  with  the  de- 
mands of  organized  labor,  have  so  unsettled  industrial 
conditions  that  careful  men  are  seeking  some  way  to 
re-establish  confidence  and  bring  about  a  reaction  in 
the  right  direction.  The  past  four  years  have  af- 
forded unprecedented  opportunities  for  a  few  men  to 
show  what  can  be  done  by  skillful  manipulation  of 
millions  of  dollars  of  other  people's  money,  in 
building  great  fortunes  and  reputations  for  them- 
selves. 

Of  all  the  industries  affected  by  the  present  condi- 
tion of  the  industrial  world  mining  feels  it  most 
heavily,  particularly  iron,  copper  and  coal  mining. 
Gold  mining,  however,  continues  in  its  even  course 
almost  unaffected  by  either  the  prosperity  or  the 
reverses  of  the  country.  If  industrial  conditions 
generally  are  sluggish,  and  times  are  hard,  the  gold 
miner  profits  by  it;  if  he  is  already  established  in 
business,  he  can  then  buy  machinery  and  supplies 
at  a  comparatively  low  figure.  If,  however,  he  de- 
sires to  secure  money  to  equip  and  develop  a  new 
enterprise,  he  usually  finds  difficulty  in  raising  the 
necessary  funds.     When  the  country  is  prosperous, 


as  it  has  been  since  the  recent  Spanish  war,  all  sup- 
plies are  high,  and  machinery  particularly  is  much 
more  expensive  than  a  few  years  ago.  So  heavy 
have  been  the  demands  for  structural  iron  and  steel 
that  the  iron  mines  have  until  lately  scarcely  been 
able  to  keep  up  with  the  constantly  increasing  de- 
mand. In  view  of  this  condition  much  old  machinery 
has  been  remodeled  into  new,  or  has  been  melted  in 
the  furnaces  to  supply  material  for  constructing 
new  machinery  designed  on  modern  lines.  Gold 
always  finds  a  ready  market  at  a  uniform  price, 
and  no  matter  what  the  condition  of  the  times,  the 
gold  miner  feels  secure. 


The  Difficulties  of  Concentration. 

It  has  been  the  constant  aim  of  the  inventors  of 
concentrating  machines  to  plan  a  device  which  will 
effect  a  complete  separation  of  the  valuable  mineral 
particles  of  high  specific  gravity  from  the  lighter 
gangue  of  relatively  small  value.  The  various  kinds 
of  concentrating  devices  are  not  numberless,  but  cer- 
tainly numerous.  They  comprise  inclined  tables, 
with  riffles  and  without.  Some  are  stationary,  others 
have  a  vibratory  movement  imparted  in  a  variety  of 
ways  on  the  various  machines.  There  are  circular 
concentrators  and  rectangular  ones,  triangular  and 
rhomboidal,  flat  and  cone  shaped,  and  other  forms. 
The  variety  of  shape,  size  and  mechanism  is  almost  as 
great  as  the  number  of  men  who  have  schemed,  and 
thought,  and  experimented  to  reach  perfection  in 
this  class  of  metallurgical  machinery.  Some  are  sim- 
ple, self-contained  machines,  and  others  comprise 
several  devices  which  work  together,  to  accomplish 
the  same,  purpose. 

All  concentrating  devices,  of  whatever  type,  from 
the  bullock  skins  of  the  old  Brazilian  miners,  to  the 
most  refined  modern  mechanism,  depend  upon  the 
same  natural  law — the  attraction  of  gravitation  for 
success,  and  all,  except  a  few  of  special  design,  which 
are  pneumatic  in  operation,  employ  water  as  a  con- 
centrating medium. 

Mineral  particles  discharged  from  a  stamp  battery, 
or  other  crushing  or  pulverizing  machines,  have  a 
great  relative  difference  in  size  and  shape  as  well  as 
of  gravity,  and  it  is  not  reasonable  to  pre-suppose 
that  a  single  concentrating  device  will  be  capable  of 
effecting  a  complete  separation  of  both  the  coarsest 
and  finest  particles  of  sulphide  ore,  or  other  valu- 
able mineral,  of  high  specific  gravity,  from  the  par- 
ticles of  gangue,  which  also  vary  greatly  in  size, 
though  undoubtedly  some  machines  perform  work  of 
this  class  with  which  little  fault  can  be  found.  The 
efficiency  of  any  concentrating  machine  can  be  in- 
creased by  sizing  the  pulp  sent  to  it  from  the.  mill. 
The  hydraulic  sizing  devices  are  also  various  in  shape, 
mostly  patterned  after  the  spitzkasten  or  spitzlutte, 
but  all,  when  properly  proportioned  and  adjusted  to 
the  volume  of  material  being  treated,  bring  about  a 
division  of  the  particles  of  the  pulp,  which,  to  a  great 
extent,  is  regardless  of  specific  gravity.  The  coarse 
material  passes  out  at  the  bottom  of  the  sizing  ma- 
chine, the  fine  overflowing  at  the  top.  These  two 
streams  may  then  be  diverted  to  a  separate  machine, 
each  adjusted  to  the  particular  sort  of  pulp,  and  a 
much  more  satisfactory  saving  of  values  results, 
although  the  same  condition  as  to  relative  size  of 
particles  still  exists,  but  in  a  lesser  degree. 

The  sizing  and  concentration  may  be  carried  to  a 
limit  approaching  perfection,  but  when  this  condition 
is  reached  the  limit  of  economic  commercial  success 
has  generally  been  passed.  In  concentrating  ores  on 
vibrating  tables,  or  on  belt  machines,  the  personal 
equation  is  often  a  large  one.  The  best  work  is  not 
always  done  on  the  best  machine,  for  the  reason  that 
two  men  will  often  get  very  different  results  on  the 
same  machine  treating  the  same  class  of  pulp.  A 
slight  change  of  speed  of  travel  or  in  the  number  of 
vibrations  of  a  machine  adjusted  to  do  its  best  work 
with  the  material  under  consideration,  or  the  addi- 
tion to  or  diminution  of  the  supply  of  clear  water  will 
at  once  have  a  noticeable  effect  on  the  product,  but 
the  man  in  charge  is  not  always  alert,  and  when  he  is 
not  either  tailings  run  up  in  value  or  dirty  concen- 
trates result.  Constant  vigilance  is  one  of  the  first 
essentials  in  running  concentrating  machines.  The 
man  in  charge  may  have  the  necessary  knowledge 
derived  from  experience,  but  he  must  also  be  vigilaut 
and  quickly  detect  and  correct  in  the  result  of  his 
work  by  the  prompt  application  of  the  proper  remedy. 


Modern  Methods  in  Ancient  Mines. 

The  silver  mines  of  Cerro  de  Pasco,  Peru,  have 
long  been  famous  in  the  mining  annals  of  the' 
world.  A  hundred  years  ago  Humboldt  reported 
the  output  of  those  mines  to  exceed  $5,000,- 
000  in  gold  and  silver  annually.  The  mines 
continued  to  produce  large  amounts  of  the 
precious  metals  for  many  years  after  Humboldt's 
visit,  but  of  recent  years,  until  within  the  past  dec- 
ade, the  mines  have  been  worked  in  a  somewhat 
desultory  manner.  Within  this  latter  period,  how- 
ever, American  capital  has  been  reopening  thees 
mines  and  it  is  now  stated  that  a  great  reduction 
plant,  costing  $3,000,000,  is  to  be  built  there  to  treat 
the  great  quantity  of  ores  left  by  the  former  workers, 
as  well  as  that  opened  by  the  recent  more  extensive 
and  deeper  development.  The  principal  metal  now 
sought  is  copper,  the  gold  and  silver  once  con-' 
stituting  the  main  output  of  the  mines  now  being 
secondary  and '  becoming  a  by-product  of  the 
operations.  These  mines  are  all  located  near  the 
summit  of  the  Andes,  at  an  altitude  of  15,000  to  16,- 
000  feet  above  the  sea — several  thousand  feet  higher 
than  the  highest  mining  town  in  the  United  States. 
The  Americans  employed  in  supervising  positions  do 
little  manual  labor,  that  being  a  physical  impossibil- 
ity with  the  greater  number,  but  the  natives  of  those 
high  plateaus  and  ranges  are  said  to  be  efficieut 
workmen  under  competent  direction,  apparently  suf- 
fering no  inconvenience  at  that  great  altitude.  This 
rejuvenated  enterprise  simply  forms  another  evidence 
of  the  progressive  American  spirit  and  the  possibili- 
ties where  modern  science  is  applied  in  mining.  The 
mines  of  Peru  are  the  oldest  worked  by  white  men 
on  the  American  continent,  being  operated  by  the 
Spaniards  about  1534,  during  the  conquest  of  Pizarro. 
Prior  to  this  some  of  them  had  been  extensively 
opened  under  the  reign  of  the  Incas. 


Claim  and  Location. 


As  the  seasou  of  the  year  has  arrived  when  much 
assessment  work  must  of  necessity  be  done  on  mining 
locations,  to  secure  possessory  right  through  the  year 
1904,  it  may  be  of  interest  to  note  the  meaning  in  the 
law  of  the  words  claim  and  location.  There  is  an 
essential  difference  between  claim  and  location — at 
least  in  a  legal  sense,  as  applied  to  mining  property, 
prior  to  patent.  The  word  claim,  as  used  in  the 
Federal  statutes,  is  applicable  to  a  single  location  or 
to  a  group  of  contiguous  locations.  If  the  miner 
makes  a  single  location,  it  constitutes  his  "claim," 
and  in  this  case  there  is  no  essential  difference  be- 
tween location  and  claim;  but  if  he  subsequently  buys 
an  adjoining  unpatented  location,  on  either  side  of  his 
original  discovery  location,  the  three  locations  then 
constitute  his  claim;  but  in  such  case  he  assumes  the 
responsibilities  of  the  locators  of  the  two  adjoining 
locations,  and  he  must  perform  the  annual  assess- 
ment work  for  the  three  claims  as  though  they  were 
still  separate,  though  it  is  optional  whether  he  do  the 
work  on  a  single  location  for  the  benefit  of  all,  or  do 
the  necessary  amount  on  each  location. 


IDLE  miners  are  leaving  Butte  City,  Mont.,  by 
hundreds.  It  is  stated  that  3000  men  are  expected 
to  leave  Butte  for  other  mining  regions,  the  greater 
number  going  to  Utah,  Nevada,  California  and  Colo- 
rado. What  effect-  the  influx  of  this  large  number 
of  unemployed  men  will  have  on  labor  conditions  in 
these  States,  where  all  the  men  required  are  already 
at  work,  except  where  strikes  prevail,  will  form  an 
interesting  study.  Although  the  greater  number  of 
the  idle  Montana  miners  are  union  men,  idle  men  who 
really  want  work  are  inclined  to  cast  their  affiliations 
with  labor  organizations  aside  in  the  search  for  em- 
ployment. It  may  have  a  direct  influence  in  settling 
some  of  the  long  continued  strikes. 


AS  a  reactionary  result  of  the  recent  strike  in  the 
Cripple  Creek  mining  district,  Colo.,  the  owners 
of  mines,  who  are  members  of  the  Mine  Owners' 
Association,  have  determined  that  all  lessees  shall 
employ  no  miners  who  are  members  of  the  Western 
Federation  of  Miners,  and  if  this  condition,  which  is 
inserted  in  every  lease,  is  not  strictly  adhered  to,  the 
lease  will  be  declared  forfeited.  The  result  of  this 
action  on  the  part  of  the  mine  owners  is  the  with- 
drawal of  many  men  from  the  Western  Federation. 


November  7,  V.w.i 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


3(10 


Q 

CONCENTRATES. 

:> ji 


The  rock  Bpeoimen  from  Denvtir,  Colo.,  contains  eul- 
phldes  of  ir -upper,  zinc,  cadmium  and  lend :  no  bis- 
muth present;  not  tested  tor  preoious  metals. 

wVVV 

The  only  gold  mining  district,  iind  probably  the  only 
gold  mine  in  the  world  profitably  producing  quicksilver, 
is  the  Sacramento  mine  at  Mercur,  Utah. 

A.  heavy  screen  of  one-hall  inch  mesh  placed  over 
the  Inside  copper  plate  of  a  buttery  will  prevent  scour- 
ing. In  sonic  mills  a  perforated  east  iron  shield  is  used  for 
tliis  purpose. 

WTTW 

Garth  dams  should  he  provided  with  a  sheeting  of 
planks  on  both  the  inner-  and  outer  face,  to  prevent 
washing  out.  Masonry  and  eoncrote  dams  do  not  require 
sheeting. 

V  V  IP  IP 

THE  Almadon  mines  of  Spain  are  in  the  province  of 
Ciudad  Real.  They  are  lai'ge  producers  of  quicksilver, 
producing  in  1902  about  1245  tons  of  2000  pounds  or 
about  32,500  Masks. 

Sprinkling  of  crude  oil  on  ditch  banks  and  other 
embank  men  te  will  keep  gophers  and  other  burrowing 
animals  from  cutting-  into  the  earth,  which  in  some 
localities  is  a  source  of  expense  from  leakage. 

Steam  at  various  pressures  has  varying  temperatures. 
At  10  pounds  pressure  the  temperature  of  steam  is 
192.4  ;  at  60  pounds  it  is  295.6°;  at  100  pounds  it  is  332°, 
and  at  180  pounds  pressure  the  temperature  is  378.4°  F. 

v  v  v  "if 

The  series  "of  articles  on  mining  methods  at  Broken 
Hill,  New  South  Wales,  were  published  in  the  issues  of 
July  18  and  25  and  August  1,  1003.  That  on  the  meth- 
ods at  the  Homestake,  which  are  similar,  appeared  in 
the  issue  of  July  4,  1903. 

WVWw 

Thkre  are  copper  deposits  in  St.  Genevieve  county, 
Mo.,  which  were  discovered  in  1863.  The  ore  deposits 
lie  nearly  flat  and  occur  in  limestone.  They  have  been 
worked  extensively  and  are  equipped  «*ith  smelters,  etc., 
but  they  have  been  idle  for  some  time. 

The  Occidental  Lode  at  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  is  a  fis- 
sure approximately  parallel  to  the  Comstock  lode  and 
east  of  it  at  a  distance  of  about  7500  feet.  It  conforms 
with  the  sinuous  course  of  the  Comstock  in  a  remarkable 
way,  though  at  so  great  a  distance  from  it. 

PURE  uranium  is  worth  about  $2  per  gram,  re- 
ferring to  the  pure  fused  article  only.  Uranium 
oxide  is  worth  about  $2.50  to  $3  per  pound,  or  about 
$500  per  ton  (wholesale  selling  price)  for  a  10%  ore. 
Uranium  ores  are  valued  according  fco  their  content 
of  uranium  oxide. 

To  attempt  to  run  a  rope  transmission  drive  with  a 
manila  or  hemp  rope  on  grooves  intended  for  a  wire  rope 
will  not  do.  Grooves  for  wiro  ropes  are  "  V  "  shaped  and 
those  for  fibre  ropes  are  turned  in  the  form  of  the  letter 
"U."  The  rope,  whether  wire  or  fibre,  must  be  suited 
to  the  size  of  the  groove. 

Nearly  all  the  asbestos  which  is  spun  into  threads 
and  woven  into  fabrics  is  of  the  variety  known  as  chrys- 
otile,  which  usually  occurs  in  serpentine.  Asbestos,  hav- 
ing a  harsh  "feel,"  and  brittle  to  the  touch,  cannot  be 
spun  or  woven,  though  for  other  purposes  it  may  be  as 
valuable  as  the  more  silky  chrysotile. 

The  approximate  weight  of  a  conical  pile  of  ore  may 
be  determined  in  the  following  manner:  Square  the 
diameter  (in  feet)  of  the  base  of  the  pile  (presumed  to  lie 
on  a  level  base);  multiply  by  0.7854.  Multiply  J  of  this 
product  by  the  height  of  the  pile  in  feet,  and  (if  quartz 
ore)  divide  by  20  =  tons  of  ore  in  the  pile. 

By  "  short  circuit  "  in  electrical  engineering- is  meant 
the  metallic  or  other  connection  formed  accidentally  be- 
tween a  positive  and  a  negative  wire,  by  means  of  which 
the  current  may  take  a  short  cut,  instead  of  completing 
its  journey  through  motor,  lamp  or  other  contrivance, 
as  originally  designed.  A  "switch"  is  an  arrangement 
for  either  closing  or  breaking  an  electric  current. 

A  CIRCULAR  SAW  is  a  useful  adjunct  to  a  mine  where 
timbering  is  necessary,  if  power  he  available  to  run  it. 
All  the  scrap  timber  can  be  sawed  into  wedges,  which 
are  better  and  cheaper  than  hand-made  wedges.-  The 
saw  requires  to  be  set  on  a  table  made  of  6x6-inch  tim- 
bers carefully  framed  and  solidly  bolted  together,  as- the 
high  velocity  of  the  saw  when  in  operation  renders  this 
necessary. 

In  the  Siemens-Halske  process,  the  action  of  the  elec- 
tric current  on  a  solution  of  gold  is  taken  advantage  of. 
The  electric  current  decomposes  a  solution  of  a  metallic 
salt,  the  metal  being  deposited  on  the  negative  pole 
while  the  metalloid  is  liberated  at  the  positive  pole  of  the 
electrolytic  cell.  In  a  stated  time  a  uniform  current  of 
given  strength  will  deposit  a  given  quantity  of  metal,  and 


this  quantity  varies  in  different  metals,  just  in  proportion 
to  their  electro-chemical  equivalents.  This  holds  good 
only  for  strong  solutions.  Weak  solutions  like  those 
used  in  the  cyanide  process  require  to  be  kept  in 
motion,  and  to  accomplish  this  the  solution  is  passed 
through  the  precipitation  boxes, 

R\  ssi  \  produces  about  BOJj  of  the  platinum  mined  in 

the  world,  a  large  portion  of  the  remainder  coining  from 
Colombia,  South  America.  In  1002  the  United  States 
produced  only  ninety-four  Ounces,  and  in  1901  about  1408 
ounces.     With  the  production  of  platinum  in  1902,  there 

were  also  prodi 1    twenty   ounces  of   iridium,    which 

greatly  resembles  platinum  in  its  physical  and  chemical 
properties. 

**** 
The  steam  injector  takes  the  place  of  a  pump  in  forc- 
ing water  into  a  boiler.  The  wator  and  steam  mingle  at 
the  combining  tube,  the  steam  jet  is  condensed  to  a 
water  jet.  The  water  jet  has  a  much  smaller  cross  sec- 
tion than  tho  steam  jet  had,  and  as  the  energy  of  the 
steam  jet  is  retained  a  greatly  increased  velocity  results, 
and  the  pressure  of  the  water  on  the  delivery  pipe 
causes  the  water  to  How  into  the  boiler. 

When  gold  ore  is  crushed  in  a  battery,  the  finest  parti- 
cles produced— the  slimes— are  usually  the  richest.  After 
the  extraction  of  the  gold  by  amalgamation,  the  coarsest 
grains  generally  contain  the  highest  values,  due  to  the 
fact  that  the  grains  of  sand  still  contain  goid,  which  can 
only  bo  freed  from  its  matrix  by  finer  crushing.  In  con- 
sidering the  advisability  of  adopting  finer  crushing,  the 
economic  problem  must  be  given  consideration. 

WWWW 

By  contact  metamorphism  is  meant  a  change  in  a  rock 
due  to  contact  with  some  other  rock  of  later  and  erupt- 
ive origin.  Shales  are  altered  to  dense  hard  jasper; 
slates  are  indurated,  and  a  development  of  crystals  is  a 
common  phase  of  contact  metamorphism.  Garnets  and 
chiastolite  develop  in  slates  and  schists;  limestone  be- 
comes crystalline  marble;  sandstone  is  altered  to  quartz- 
ite  and  impregnated  with  feldspar  crystals  as  a  result  of 
contact  with  intrusive  rocks. 

Malachite  is  green  copper  carbonate,  and  azurite  is 
blue  copper  carbonate.  Of  these  two  ores  of  copper, 
malachite  is  the  more  common.  The  composition  of 
malachite  is  carbon  dioxide  19.9;  cupric  oxide,  71.9; 
water,  8.2  (2CuO,  COa,  HaO).  Azurite  contains  carbon 
dioxide,  25.6;  cupric  oxide,  69.2;  water,  5.2  (3CuO,  2CO,, 
H20).  The  difference  is  mostly  in  amount  of  carbon  di- 
oxide contained  in  the  two  minerals.  The  cause  of  the 
difference  of  color  is  not  known. 

By  "  recession  of  cliffs  "  is  meant  the  backward  move- 
ment of  the  face  of  cliffs,  due  to  erosion.  It  was  first 
applied  by  J.  W.  Powell  to  the  cliffs  of  the  Grand  Can- 
yon of  the  Colorado  river,  in  Arizona.  The  wind  and 
rain,  heat  and  frost,  each  attack  the  rocks  exposed 
in  the  face  of  a  cliff  and  gradually  wear  it  away.  Many 
larger  pieces  spawl  off  and  fall  to  the  bottom  where  they 
form  with  smaller  fragments  and  sand  a  talus.  The 
rate  of  recession  in  cliffs  depends  upon  the  character  of 
the  rocks  and  upon  climatic  conditions. 


Hot  acid  waters  will  decompose  and  kaolinize  feld- 
spars. Large  deposits  of  kaolin  and  calcium  carbonate, 
resulting  from  alteration  of  andesites,  may  be  seen  at 
the  hot  springs  and  solfataras  about  the  Lassen  peak 
region  of  California.  Many  of  the  hot  springs  contain 
free  sulphuric  acid,  and  crystals  of  sulphur  are  being 
deposited  around  many  steam  vents.  This  sulphur  is  so 
mixed  with  earthy  materials  as  to  he  of  little  commer- 
cial value,  as  it  would  have  to  be  refined  before  shipping 
to  the  markets. 

Platinum  and  associated  metals  may  be  separated 
from  the  gravel  and  sands  of  placer  mines  by  placing  a 
grizzly  in  the  sluice  way,  permitting  the  fine  material  to 
pass  through  onto  an  inclined  table,  called  an  "  under- 
current, "  this  table  being  covered  with  burlap  or  can- 
vas. The  heavy  minerals  collect  on  the  table,  the  greater 
portion  of  the  lighter  passing  over  into  the  tailings.  To 
clean  up,  shut  off  the  water  from  the  sluice  and  sweep 
the  concentrated  material  into  a  launder, placed  at  the 
foot  of  the  table.  When  collected,  the  platinum  may  be 
separated  from  the  sands  by  careful  panning  or  on  a 
concentrating  machine. 

In  low-lying,  flat  countries,  but  little  elevated  above 
sea  level,  the  rate  of  erosion  is  slow.  Large  areas  of  land 
result  from  sediment  being  deposited  from  rivers,  as  the 
country  along  the  lower  Mississippi  river  or  near  the 
mouths  of  the  river  Nile.  Such  land  is  generally  being 
built  up  by  means  of  freshets,  which  deposit  additional 
material  on  land  already  formed;  but  when  a  hilly  region 
has  been  eroded  to  a  low,  flat  region,  and  erosion  ceases 
almost  entirely,  it  is  said  to  have  reached  a  "base  level 
of  erosion."  Western  Australia,  although  elevated  about 
1500  feet  above  the  sea,  is  believed  to  have  been  a  region 
of  base  level  of  erosion  and  subsequently  elevated.  For 
nearly  1000  miles  square  the  western  part  of  Australia  is 
almost  level,  there  being  no  mountains  anywhere,  though 
low  rolling  hills  are  found  throughout  the  region.  These 
hills  are  supposed  to  be  due  to  recent  erosion. 


ON  a  concentrating  table  where  ores  contain  sev- 
eral kinds  of  metallic  sulphides  these  will  be  found  ar- 
ranged  in   bands  or   zones,   according  to  their  relative 


specific  gravity,  which  is  approximately  as  follows:  Ga- 
lena. 7.4  to  7.1',:  mispickol  (arsenical  pyrite).  5.0  to  6;  py- 
rite, 4.95  to  5;  obaloopyrite  (yellow  copper  sulphides) 
4.1 :  zinc  blende  (black  jack),  4.  These  se\  oral  sulphides 
will  lie  found  occupying  positions  as  indicated  by  their 
gravity  if  the  table  is  working  properly,  but  the  occur- 
"f  considerable  values  in  gold  in  any  one  of  them 
may   produce  other  results.     If  the  blende  contains  high 

1:1 -    in    gold    when    the    other    sulphides    carry    only 

small  amounts,  the  blende  will  be  found  at  the  highest, 
place,  with  the  galena  possibly  noxt.  Lead  carbonate 
and  copper  carbonates  concentrate  with  difficulty,  owing 
to  their  tendency  to  slime. 

A  DIAMOND  drill  hole  seldom  maintains  absolutely  the 
direction  in  which  it  is  started.  If  started  horizontally 
it  soon  takes  a  slightly  upward  inclination,  and  as  dis- 
tance from  the  machine  increases  the  bit  rides  higher 
and  higher.  This  is  known  us  the  "drift,"  of  the  dia- 
mond drill.  In  drilling  through  different  kinds  of  mate- 
rial the  amount  of  drift  will  vary  somewhat,  and  it  also 
varies  with  the  relation  of  the  dip  of  the  strata  to  the 
direction  of  the  drill  hole.  In  a  hole  driven  in  any  direc- 
tion other  than  vertical  the  drill  will  drift,  and  even  in 
holes  started  vertically  a  slight  influence  will  turn  tho 
drill  aside,  and  once  having  started  away  from  the  true 
vertical  line  the  drift  will  continue  with  increasingly 
greater  angle  of  departure  with  greater  distance  from 
the  machine.  This  tendency  of  the  diamond  drill  bit  to 
drift  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the  bit  is  slightly  larger  than 
tho  connecting  pipes,  which  permits  the  pipe  line  to  sag 
slightly,  giving  the  drill  hole  the  direction  of  an  indefi- 
nite transition  curve. 

The  vertical  depth  at  which  a  tunnel  will  strike  below 
a  given  point  (vein  cropping)  on  the  surface  may  be  de- 
termined in  the  following  manner:  Measure  the  slope  dis- 
tance on  the  surface  as  accurately  as  possible  from  the 
beginning  of  the  open  cut  to  the  point  up  the  hill,  at  the 
croppings.  By  use  of  a  clinometer  ascertain  the  angle 
of  the  slope  above  the  horizon,  and  make  a  sketch  on  a 
piece  of  paper  illustrating  the  result.  The  figure  will  ho 
a  right-angled  triangle, the  right  angle  being  on  the  tunnel 
level  immediately  below  the  point  on  the  surface.  Then 
as  the  sine  of  the  angle  opposite  the  given  side  (in  this 
case  sine  of  90°  =  1 )  is  to  the  sine  of  the  angle  opposite 
the  required  side,  so  is  the;  given  side  to  the  required 
side.  Assume  the  given  side  (slope  distance)  to  be  1000 
feet,  and  the  angle  of  slope  to  be  30°.  The  sine  of  30°  is 
0.5.  Then  1:.5::1000:  (the  required  side)  =  500  feet.  In 
almost  any  engineering  book  will  be  found  a  table  of  nat- 
ural sines,  tangents,  co-sines,  etc.,  to  a  radius  1,  by  the 
use  of  which  such  problems  may  be  solved. 
&4ri|iife 

The  treatment  of  base  ores  such  as  that  described  by 
the  Dovvnieville,  Cal.,  correspondent  is  always  experi- 
mental until  the  proper  course  has  been  ascertained.  The 
permanganate  process  may  work,  extracting  some  of 
the  gold  remaining  after  amalgamation,  and  also  the 
copper.  The  chlorination  process  would  also  recover  a 
large  percentage  of  gold  remaining  after  amalgamation; 
the  antimony  and  bismuth  would  be  vaporized  in  the 
roasting,  and  if  the  silver  and  lead  remaining  in  the  tail- 
ings justified  the  expense,  these  could  be  recovered  by 
the  hyposulphite  process  of  lixiviation.  The  lead  pres- 
ent is  first  precipitated  by  use  of  sodium  carbonate,  the 
precipitate  being  a  merchantable  white  carbonate  of 
lead.  The  solution  is  decanted  off  and  the  silver  precip- 
itated in  the  next  tank  below.  The  lead  could  be  re- 
moved weekly  or  less  frequently  as  required.  The  copper 
could  be  recovered  by  passing  the  solution  from  the  gold 
precipitation  tank  over  scrap  tin  or  iron.  To  carry  on 
all  of  these  metallurgical  processes  would  require  a  plant 
covering  a  large  area,  and  it  should  be  arranged  to  work 
by  gravity. 


Drill  steel  should  be  tempered  dark  straw  color  for 
hard  rock.  The  drills  should  be  first  heated  and  forged 
to  the  proper  shape  and  size  and  allowed  to  cool.  Later, 
when  the  sharpening  has  been  completed,  they  should 
be  reheated  to  redness  and  then  quickly  plunged  and 
tempered.  The  temper  may  also  be  drawn  by  first 
plunging  the  reheated  drill  about  an  inch  and  withdraw- 
ing it  and  scouring  the  bit  on  a  sanded  board,  watching 
the  color  slowly  descend  toward  the  bit  until  it  has  as- 
sumed a  straw  color,  due  to  formation  of  iron  oxide, 
when  it  should  be  plunged  several  inches  and  held  and 
stirred  about  under  the  water  until  cool  enough  to  pre- 
vent destroying  the  temper.  Picks  should  be  tempered 
a  deep  blue.  Drills  tempered  to  straw  color  are  very 
hard  and  brittle.  If  the  corners  check  and  break  off, 
make  the  color  a  little  darker,  until  they  will  stand. 
Avoid  overheating,  both  in  forging  and  in  reheating  to 
temper.  The  amount  of  carbon  contained  in  a  steel  has 
a  direct  influence  on  its  "hardening"  properties.  A 
steel  containing  \%  carbon  can  be  made  as  hard  and  as 
nearly  as  brittle  as  glass.  The  reheating  of  the  steel  is 
probably  the  most  important  point.  If  steel  of  1.10% 
carbon  be  heated  to  700°  C.  and  plunged  suddenly  into 
cold  water,  it  is  not  hardened;  but  if  it  be  heated 
much  higher,  say,  880°  or  900°  C,  then  cooled  slowly 
to  700°  C.  and  plunged  in  cold  water,  it  is  hard- 
ened. This  accounts  for  the  fact  that  often  plunged 
drills  are  not  properly  tempered,  having  been  over- 
heated. Poor  steel  can  not  be  made  good  by  heat- 
ing and  hardening  processes,  but  good  steel  can  be 
easily  spoiled  by  improper  heating.  Iced  brine  (20%  so- 
lution) cools  and  hardens  steel  more  rapidly  than  pure 
water,  but  is  not  recommended  in  tempering  steel  drills. 


301 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,   1903. 


Dynamos  and  Motors,  Showing  the  Va- 
rious Windings  and  Wire  Connections. 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press,  by 
"Wm.  H.  Kritzer,  E.  E. 

A  "dynamo"  is  a  device  for  converting  energy  in 
the  form  of  mechanical  power  into  energy  in  the  form 
of  electric  currents  by  the  operation  of  setting  con- 
ductors to  rotate  in  a  magnetic  field. 

Any  dynamo  will  run  as    a  motor,  and  a  current 


directed  currents  developed  in  the  armature  flow  in 
one  and  the  same  direction  through  the  external  cir- 
cuit. In  alternating-current  machines  the  commuta- 
tor is  dispensed  with,  and  collector  rings  used  instead. 
Brushes,  or  collectors  of  metal  or  carbon,  rest  on 
the  commutator  to  take  off  the  currents  from  the 
"segments"  generated  by  the  difference  of  poten- 
tial in  the  armature  coils.  In  a  multipolar  machine 
there  are  as  many  brushes  as  there  are  pole-pieces, 
if  the  armature  coils  are  connected  in  multiple;  but  if 
"in  series,"  two  brushes  may  answer  for  two  or  more 
poles. 


again  furnishes  only  the  required  amount  of  torque. 

The  most  important  systems,  suitable  for  mining 
plants,  comprise: 

First — Direct  current  for  lighting,  power  and  rail- 
way work.  This  system  is  adapted  for  short  distances, 
and  has  a  low  voltage  and  high  amperage,  and  can  be 
connected  according  to  either  the  two- wire  or  three- 
wire  system.  Generators  are  now  built,  which  with 
the  last  named  system  of  wiring,  supply  direct  cur- 
rent at  two  voltages,  which  does  away  with  having 
two  machines  always  in  operation,  or  some  other  form 
of  balancing  apparatus. 


Pig.  1. 


Pig.  2. 


Fig.  3. 


Pig.  4. 


Pig.  5. 


Pig.  6. 


Pig.  7. 


Pig.  8. 


Pig.  11. 


Pig.  10. 


Fig.  12. 


from  a  dynamo  sent  into  a  shunt- wound  motor  drives 
it  in  the  same  direction  as  that  which  it  would  have 
if  it  were  being  driven  as  a  dynamo  to  produce  elec- 
tricity. 

An  electric  motor  is  the  converse  of  the  dynamo, 
and  is  a  machine  for  converting  electrical  energy  into 
mechanical  energy,  and  the  fact  of  their  reversibility 
was  probably  as  important  a  discovery  as  the  nine- 
teenth century  furnished.  The  armature  is  the  re- 
volving portion  of  the  dynamo  in  which  the  electro 
motive  force  is  developed  which  produces  the  current. 
It  consists  of  many  turns  of  insulated  wire  wound 
around  an  iron  core,  which  is  mounted  to  revolve  in  a 
magnetic  field. 

The  "field  magnets"  consist  of  a  suitable  frame  or 
core,  on  which  are  any  number  of  pairs  of  pole-pieces 
containing  the  field  magnet  coils. 

In  direct-current  machines  a  commutator  is  em- 
ployed in  order   to  have  the  successive    oppositely 


It  makes  no  difference,  electrically,  whether  the 
field  is  stationary  and  the  armature  rotates,  or  the 
armature  is  stationary  and  the  field  magnets  rotate, 
for  only  a  small  amount  of  current  is  required  to 
overcome  the  frictional  losses  in  the  machine 
itself  (which  are  practically  constant),  and  the 
amount  of  current  taken  from  the  mains  is 
directly  proportional  to  and  varies  with  the 
external  load.  If  this  outside  load  is  increased  the 
current  which  has  been  flowing  in  the  armature  can- 
not furnish  sufficient  "torque"  (twisting  or  rotary 
force)  for  this  extra  load,  so  the  machine  slows  down; 
the  slowing  down  decreases  the  counter  electro-mo- 
tive force  which  allows  more  current  to  flow  through 
the  armature,  increasing  the  torque  to  the  proper 
amount.  If  the  outside  load  decreases  the  current 
furnishes  an  excess  of  torque  which  causes  the  speed 
to  be  accelerated  and  increases  the  counter  electro- 
motive force,  and  this  decreases  the  current  until  it 


Second — Alternating  current  for  lighting  and  pow- 
er, and  direct  current  for  railways.  The  alternating 
current  is  adapted  to  long  distances,  and  has  a  high 
voltage  and  low  amperage,  and  with  the  motors  being 
manufactured  of  the  induction  type  that  have  neither 
brushes,  commutator,  collector  rings  nor  other  moving 
contacts,  makes  it  preferable,  especially  if  the.  mo- 
tors are  exposed  to  dust  and  dirt,  for  they  have  the 
advantage  of  being  entirely  sparkless,  with  an  abso- 
lute safety  of  danger  from  explosion  or  fire.  In  this 
system  if  a  direct-current  dynamo  is  not  wanted  for 
the  railway  or  haulage  system,  and  the  amount  of  cur- 
rent required  is  small,  a  rotary  converter  can  be 
used  in  connection  with  alternating-current  genera- 
tors, or  it  may  be  advantageous  to  install  a  double- 
current  generator,  furnishing  both  direct  and  alter- 
nating current. 

Third — Alternating  current  of  high  voltage  for 
power  distribution  to  sub-stations,  where  it  is  trans- 


November  7,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


302 


formed  into  cither  a  direct  current  or  to  a  low  volt- 
age alternating  current,  or  both.  This  system  is 
preferable  for   localities   where   a   large   number  of 


Fig.  13. 


Pig.  14. 


Pig.  15, 


Pig.  Hi. 


Fig.  17 


Fig.  20. 


Fig.  21. 


Pig.  22. 


4 


< 


Fig.  23. 


mines  can  be  operated  from  one  central  power  sta- 
tion, as  the  high- voltage  alternating  currents  may  be 
transmitted  to  the  various  mines,  and  there  trans- 
formed into  a  direct  or  alternating  current  of  suita- 
ble voltage  for  safely  lighting  the  plant  or  operating 
the  machinery. 


Fig.  1  illustrates  an  alternating  current  dynamo  or 
motor,  having  collector  rings  in  place  of  a  commu- 
tator, brushes  and  other  attachments. 

Fig.  -  .shows  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor, 
showing  commutator,  brushes  and  other  attach- 
ments. 

Fij,'.  3  is  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor,  series 
wound.  It  has  but  one  circuit,  and  all  the  current 
generated  in  the  in-mature  is  sent  through  the  field 
magnet  coils,  which  are  connected  in  series  with  the 
armature,  thence  to  the  line  and  back  to  the  arma- 
ture. It  is  used  in  places  where  heavy  starting 
torque  is  required  and  frequent  and  wide' variations 
of  speed  arc  desirable,  such  as  hoisting  and  haulage 
motors,  arc  lighting,  etc.  This  type  is  of  no  value 
where  the  voltage  is  desired  to  remain  nearly  con- 
stant. 

Fig.  4  represents  a  direct  current  dynamo,  shunt 
wound.  It  has  a  small  portion  of  the  whole  current 
generated  by  the  armature  directed  through  the 
field  magnets,  which  are  wound  with  many  turns  of 
line  wire.  These  coils  are  connected  to  the  brushes 
of  the  machine  ami  constitute  a  shunt,  by-pass,  or  a 
derived  circuit,  the  remainder  of  the  current  passing 
through  the  line  by  a  different  path.  Used  for  cen- 
tral stations,  railway  generators  and  where  a  con- 
stant speed  is  desired. 

Fig.  5  illustrates  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor, 
compound  wound.  This  has  both  series  and  shunt 
windings.  The  field  magnets  are  wound  with  two 
sizes  of  wire,  the  coarse  wire  being  connected  in  the 
main  circuit  and  the  fine  wire  in  the  shunt  circuit, 
across  the  terminals  of  the  dynamo.  Used  where  a 
self-regulating  machine  is  desired,  as  the  series  wind- 
ing keeps  up  the  field  strength  while  the  load  is  being 
increased  in  sufficient  measure  to  make  up  for  certain 
losses,  and  keeps  the  voltage  at  the  machine  termi- 
nals constant. 

Fig.  6  shows  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor, 
shunt  and  series  wound.  A  long  shunt  is  one  con- 
nected across  the  machine  terminals,  while  a  short 
shunt  is  connected  directly  across  the  armature. 
There  is  no  measurable  difference  in  performance  be- 
tween these  two  connections,  but  the  latter  may  give 
a  slightly  higher  effect  to  the  shunt  winding. 

Fig.  7  is  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor,  sepa- 
rately excited.  Having  the  machine  separately  ex- 
cited saves  the  reactions  due  to  the  armature  cur- 
rent, keeping  its  magnetism  in  the  field,  and  the 
electromotive  force  independent  of  changes  of  resist- 
ance going  on  in  the  working  or  main  circuit. 

Fig.  8  illustrates  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor, 
series  and  separately  excited. 

Fig.  9  represents  a  direct  current  dynamo  or  motor, 
series  and  magneto  excited. 

Figure  10  shows  a  direct-current  dynamo  or  motor, 
shunt  wound  and  separately  excited. 

Fig.  11  is  that  of  a  direct-current  Edison  three - 
wire  system,  not  much  employed  except  for  large 
installations  for  central  supply. 

Fig.  12  shows  an  alternating  current  dynamo  or 
motor,  single  phase,  separately  excited  in  field  cir- 
cuit. These  have  the  advantage  that,  with  the  same 
weight  of  materials,  an  output  can  be  secured  from 
it  nearly  twice  that  of  the  direct  current  type,  and 
the  ability  to  transform  its  potential  into  any  desir- 
able voltage  by  means  of  transformers.  Then  the 
simplicity  and  durability  of  the  collector  rings  in 
place  of  the  commutator  adds  much  to  its  value. 

Fig.  13  is  an  alternating  current  dynamo  or  motor, 
two  phase,  ring  connection.  Fig.  14:  Alternating 
current  dynamo  or  motor,  two  phase,  star  connection. 
Fig.  15:  Alternating  current  dynamo  or  motor,  tri- 
phase,  star  connection.  Fig.  16:  Alternating  current 
dynamo  or  motor,  tri-phase,  triangular  connection. 
Fig.  17:  Single  phase  2-wire.  Fig.  18:  Single  phase 
3- wire.  Fig.  19:  Two  phase  3- wire.  Fig.  20:  Two 
phase  4-wire.  Fig.  21 :  Three  phase  3-wire.  Fig.  22: 
Three  phase  4-wire.  Fig.  23:  Monocyclic  or  direct- 
current  2-wire. 

Ordinary,  simple,  alternating  current  is  called  a 
single-phase  current,  but  by  taking  current  from  con- 
nections at  different  points  around  the  armature  of 
an  alternator,  it  is  possible  to  obtain  a  number  of 
currents  differing  from  one  another  in  phase.  We 
thus  get  what  we  call  single-phase,  two  phase,  three 
phase,  and  monocyclic,  the  latter  being  a  combina- 
tion of  a  single-phase  and  polyphase  arrangement. 
It  matters  not  whether  the  coils  are  interlinked,  or 
separately  grouped,  ring  or  star  connected,  the 
principles  of  action  are  similar,  and  the  character- 
istic polyphase  results  are  equally  present.  The  sup- 
ply of  power  is  continuous  and  uniform  and  is  used  to 
operate  the  induction  motors.  The  principal  objec- 
tion to  this  system  of  power  transmission  is  the  in- 
creased number  of  main  circuit  conductors  which  are 
required. 

Figs.  17-23  show  the  standard  systems  of  alternat- 
ing-current distribution  and  the  various  combinations 
of  conductors  in  general  use. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  direct  current  system  re- 
quires only  50%  of  the  copper  in  the  single-phase 
system  when  used  in  long  distance  transmission  of 
power.  The  conductivity  of  aluminum  is  about  60% 
that  of  copper,  so  that  for  continuous  current  cir- 
cuits theproper  size  of  wire  may  be  easily  ascertained. 
In  alternating  current  circuits,  however,  its  sub- 
stitution for  copper  is  by  no  means  so  simple  an 
operation. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Consumption  of  Zinc  in  Cyanide  Plants. * 

NUMBER  II. 

Written  by  Walter  II.  Vihgoe. 

On  the  sands  plant  151.9  kilos  of  metallics  were  ob- 
tained and  458.5  kilos  from  the  slimes  plant.  The  re- 
duction of  these  metallics  produced  7.876  kilos  of  gold 
and  silver,  and  from  the  comparative  values  of  the 
two  classes  of  metallics  it  may  be  assumed  that  4.284 
kilos  of  this  amount  were  produced  from  the  sands 
plant  and  3.592  kilos  from  the  slimes  plant. 

The  analysis  of  these  metallics  is  not  known,  except 
in  so  far  as  their  gold  and  silver  contents  go  ;  but  it 
can  be  assumed,  for  the  sake  of  argument,  that  the 
balance  of  the  material  is  metallic  zinc;  consequently, 
we  perceive  that  151.9  kilos  of  metallics  were  re- 
moved from  the  sands  plant  boxes  containing  4.28 
kilos  of  gold  and  silver;  hence,  the  removal  of  these 
metallics  involved  a  mechanical  waste  of  147.6  kilos 
of  zinc.  An  analysis  of  the  sands  plant  "fines" 
showed  that  this  material  contained  25%  of  zinc,  and, 
therefore,  since  191.3  kilos  of  fines  were  removed, 
this  removal  involved  a  further  loss  of  47.8  kilos  of 
zinc.  Hence,  the  total  mechanical  loss  of  zinc  on  the 
sands  plant  for  the  period  mentioned  appears  to  be 
approximately  195.4  kilos  of  zinc.  The  chemical  loss 
is  that  represented  by  the  difference  between  the 
total  consumption,  or,  in  other  words,  by  the  amount 
of  zinc  added  to  the  boxes  during  the  period  covered, 
viz.,  1397.3  kilos,  and  the  mechanical  loss  of  195.4 
kilos,  which  is  about  1201.9  kilos. 

Table  "  B  "  shows  these  results  in  tabulated  form. 

Considering  the  consumption  of  zinc  on  the  slimes 
plant,  458.5  kilos  of  metallics  were  obtained,  repre- 
senting 3.592  kilos  of  fine  gold  and  silver  bullion; 
therefore,  it  may  be  assumed  that  the  removal  of 
the  metallics  involved  a  mechanical  loss  of  454.9  kilos 
of  zinc.  Again,  260.4  kilos  of  fines  were  removed  from 
the  boxes,  an  analysis  of  a  general  sample  of  which 
showed  the  presence  of  15.8%  of  zinc  ;  hence,  this 
removal  of  fines  entails  a  mechanical  loss  of  41.1  kilos 
of  zinc. 

The  total  mechanical  loss  on  the  slimes  plant  is 
about  496  kilos  of  zinc  and  the  chemical  loss  is  about 
288.7  kilos.     The  results  may  be  thus  tabulated: 

Sands  Plant.  Slimes  Plant. 

Chemical  loss 1,202.00  kilos  288.7  kilos 

Mechanical  loss 195.4     "  496.0    " 

LOSSES  PEft  TON  OF  ORE  TREATED. 

Chemical  loss 0.45  kilo  0.19  kilo 

Mechanical  loss 0.07    "  0.33    " 


LOSSES    PER   TON    OF    SOLUTION 

Chemical  loss  

Mechanical  loss 


FLOWING    THROUGH    THE     BOXES. 

0.254  kilo  0.032  kilo 

0.0413  "  0.055     " 


From  these  data  it  will  be  observed  that  there  are 
causes  at  work  on  the  sands  plant  tending  to  produce 
a  high  chemical  consumption  of  zinc,  and  causes  at 
work  on  the  slimes  plant  that  tend  to  produce  a  low 
chemical  consumption,  but  a  high  mechanical  con- 
sumption of  zinc. 

The  respective  conditions  on  the  two  plants  are  as 
follows : 

The  sands  plant  extractors  consist  of  four  boxes 
with  eight  compartments. 

The  zinc  capacity  of  the  four  boxes  is  40.64  cubic 
feet. 

One  cubic  foot  of  zinc  pressed  into  the  boxes  weighs 
13.5  pounds,  the  shavings  being  cut  from  No.  9  zinc 
by  hand  labor;  consequently  the  zinc  capacity  is  40.64 
cubic  feet  =  584.64  pounds. 

Each  ton  of  solution  per  hour  has  allotted  to  it  25.4 
cubic  feet  of  zinc. 

The  slimes  plant  extractors  consist  of  four  boxes 
with  five  compartments. 

The  zinc  capacity  of  the  four  boxes  is  60  cubic  feet 
=  810  pounds. 

Each  ton  of  solution  per  hour  has  allotted  to  it  20.0 
cubic  feet  of  zinc. 

The  precipitation  is  practically  perfect  on  both 
plants,  and  strength  of  solution  flowing  through  the 
sands  boxes  averages  about  .32%  KCy,  while  the 
s  trength  on  the  slimes  plant  is  about  .  04%  KCy.  The 
statistics  with  reference  to  the  zinc  boxes  would  indi- 
cate that  those  on  the  sands  plant  are  of  somewhat 
larger  capacity  than  necessary;  20  cubic  feet  should 
be  ample  per  ton  per  hour. 

During  the  four  months  2646.4  tons  of  sands  were 
treated  and  1481  tons  of  slimes,  both  classes  of  ma- 
terial being  practically  the  same  value  in  gold  and 
silver  per  ton,  and  the  extractions  obtained  on  both 
plants  were  about  equal.  Therefore,  the  principal 
differences  lie  in  these  features:  On  the  sands  plant 
comparatively  small  amounts  of  strong  solutions  flow 
through  the  zinc,  and  on  the  slimes  plant  compara- 
tively large  amounts  of  very  weak  solution  flow 
through  a  relatively  large  amount  of  zinc,  and  con- 
taining and  depositing  a  little  more  than  half  the 
values  deposited  by  the  sands  plant  solutions. 

It  appears  that  strong  solutions  depositing  consid- 
erable product  tend  to  cause  a  heavy  chemical  con- 
sumption of  zinc,  and  weak  solutions  depositing  a 
comparatively  small  amount  of  product  cause  a  heavy 
mechanical  loss  and  a  light  chemical  one. 

At  one  period  lead  acetate  was  used  to  coat  the 
zinc  shavings  in  the  slimes  boxes,  and  it  was  thought 
that  some  of  the  consumption  might  be  attributed  to 

*Jour.  Chem.  Met.  and  Min.  Soc,  S.  A.    (Condensed.) 


303 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


this  cause,  but  a  discontinuance  of  the  use  was  not 
attendant  with  any  apparent  lowering  of  the  con- 
sumption, either  chemical  or  mechanical. 

No  doubt  the  heavy  mechanical  consumption  is  to 
some  extent  due  to  the  use  of  hand-cut  zinc.  Upon  a 
neighboring  plant,  treating  the  same  class  of  ore 
from  the  same  vein,  and  having  a  capacity  of  about 
9500  tons  per  month,  the  consumption  is  reported  as 
being  .34  kilo,  or  .74  pound  per  ton  of  material  cya- 
nided,  the  zinc  used  being  cut  by  mechanically  fed 
lathes  from  sheet  zinc. 

As  both  plants  are  uuder  excellent  management, 
there  is  no  doubt  but  that  the  consumption  of  zinc, 
although  it  appears  high  in  comparison  with  Rand 
records*  is  normal  under  the  conditions  of  plant  treat- 
ment necessary  for  the  ore  in  question.  Upon  the 
Rand  there  is  some  variation  in  the  different  plants, 
but  the  average  consumption  may  generally  be  taken 
to  be  about  .3  pound  per  ton. 

One  feature  will  be  observed:  A  cubic  foot  of  zinc, 
according  to  Mexican  practice,  weighs  about  twelve 
to  thirteen  pounds.  The  weight  of  a  cubic  foot  of 
cut  zinc,  as  used  on  the  Rand,  weighs  about  seven 
pounds ;  the  reason  for  this  is  that  coarse  zinc  can  be 
compressed  more  compactly  into  the  boxes  on  ac- 
count of  the  greater  strength  of  the  thicker  threads. 
The  thickness  of  the  thread  must  be  determined  by 
the  character  of  the  plant;  but  where  much  metallics 
are  produced  a  fine  thread  is  to  be  advocated;  where 
very  few  metallics  are  produced  and  the  chemical 
consumption  is  somewhat  high,  coarsely  cut  zinc 
should  be  used.  The  character  of  the  thread  used 
must  be  determined  by  the  judgment  and  experience 
of-  the  operator;  there  is  no  fixed  rule. 

When  the  effect  of  this  mechanical  and  chemical 
consumption  of  zinc  is  considered,  the  cost  involved 
in  the  reduction  of  metallics  and  the  effect  upon  the 
plant  solution  of  the  presence  of  zinc  is  an  important 
item. 

The  nature  and  causes  of  the  consumption  of  zinc, 
as  evidenced  by  practical  plant  operations,  are  not 
to  be  lost  sight  of;  there  is  no  doubt  as  to  the  value 
of  records  of  consumption  kept  in  this  way  ;  to  the 
observant  operator  they  convey  a  great  deal  of  in- 
formation, tending  to  assist  in  the  elucidation  of 
problems  that  present  themselves  in  practical  work. 
The  chemistry  involved  in  the  solution  of  zinc  has  not 
been  discussed,  because  so  much  has  been  written 
upon  that  point,  and  accepted  formulas  seem  per- 
fectly clear  and  satisfactory. 

In  considering  the  effect  of  the  loss  of  zinc,  un- 
doubtedly heavy  mechanical  losses  involve  the  cost  of 
the  refining  of  the  metallics.  Plants  running  with 
light  mechanical  zinc  losses  have  invariably  lower 
costs  in  the  reduction  of  their  bullion.  The  costs  in- 
volved in  the  treatment  of  product  on  the  plant  al- 
luded to  for  the  period  of  four  months,  to  which  the 
zinc  consumption  records  refer,  may  be  briefly  con- 
sidered. 

610.49  kilos  of  metallics  were  produced  on  the  slimes 
and  sands  plants.  The  reduction  of  these  metallics 
cost,  exclusive  of  labor,  fuel  and  crucibles,  as  follows: 

943      kilos  of  acid  @  13c  per  kilo $122  59 

7.41     "         soda  (earb. )  @  55c  per  kilo 4  07 

7.41     "         sand 
19.77     "         borax  glass  @  SI  36 26  88 

SI  53  54 

The  weight  of  pure  bullion  produced  was  7.876  kilos 
=  253.29  troy  ounces;  hence,  the  cost  per  ounce  of 
pure  bullion  is  60  cents  (Mexican).  Exclusive  of  acid, 
the  treatment  costs  would  be  about  12  cents. 

The  acid- treated  material  represented  10% — 11% 
of  the  weight  of  the  raw  metallics — and  had  a  fineness 
of  12%  to  13%. 

The  bars  produced  ranged  in  fineness  from  931  to 
962  parts  in  1000. 

The  cost  of  the  reduction  of  the  fines  was  as  follows : 

Sands  Plant. — 191. 3  kilos  of  fines  were  produced 
(material  passing  a  40-mesh),  cost  of  reduction  being 
as  follows: 

20.64  kilos  of  soda  (carb.)  at  55c  per  kilo Sll  35 

55.01      "         borax  (glass)  @  $1 36  per  kilo 74  81 

20.64     "        sand 

$86  16 

The  weight  of  fine  bullion  produced  was  81.456  kilos 
=  2618.86  troy  ounces  ;  hence  the  cost  per  ounce  of 
pure  bullion  is  $3.28  (Mexican),  exclusive  of  labor,  fuel 
and  crucibles. 

The  sands  plant  fines  were  42%  fine  before  reduc- 
tion, and  the  fineness  of  the  bars  produced  ranged 
from  932  to  950  parts  in  1000. 

Slimes  Plant. — 260.4  kilos  of  fines  were  produced, 
cost  of  reduction  being  as  follows : 

28.00  kilos  of  soda  (carb.)  @  55c  per  kilo  S15  40 

90.07     "  borax  (glass)  w  SI  36  per  kilo 122  50 

28.00     "  sand 

SI  37  90 

The  weight  of  fine  bullion  produced  was  37.446  kilos 
=  1203.91  troy  ounces;  hence  the  cost  per  ounce  of 
pure  bullion  is  $11.4  (Mexican),  exclusive  of  labor,  fuel 
and  crucibles. 

The  slimes  plant  fines  were  14%  fine  before  reduc- 
tion, and  the  fineness  of  the  bars  produced  ranged 
from  913  to  965  parts  in  1000. 

The  fines  from  the  sands  plant  are  42%  fine  as  they 
come  from  the  boxes,  whereas  the  fines  from  the 
slimes  plant,  which  has  a  high  consumption  of  zinc, 
are  only  14%  fine,  a  little  finer  than  the  acid-treated 
metallics  of  the  two  plants,  and  the  cost  of  reducing 


these  latter  fines  is  about  the  same  as  the  cost  of  re- 
ducing the  acid-treated  material. 

The  preceding  figures  serve  to  show  how  mechan- 
ical zinc  losses  affect  the  cost  of  the  reduction  of  the 
product. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Milling  on  Douglas  Island,  Alaska.* 

NUMBER  III— CONCLUDED. 


Written  by  R.  A.  Kinzie. 

Cleanup  in  the  various  mills  is  conducted  in  the 
same  fashion  and  so  regulated  that  all  will  be  finished 
by  the  15th  of  each  month. 

The  first  day  of  the  cleanup  is  devoted  to  the 
amalgam  traps  and  the  tank  in  the  amalgamating 
room. 

To  clean  a  trap,  five  stamps  are  hung  up  and  the 
feed  water  shut  off.  When  the  pulp  has  ceased  to 
flow  through  the  trap,  the  wedge  that  holds  the 
wooden  center  piece  is  loosened  and  the  center  piece 
removed,  first  being  washed  to  cleanse  it  of  any  ad- 
hering amalgam.  Then  the  tap  in  the  lower  end  is 
opened  and  the  contents  of  the  trap  allowed  to  flow 
out  into  a  smaller  launder,  which  conveys  the  mate- 
rial to  a  central  tank.  The  trap  is  then  carefully 
washed  out,  the  tap  and  center  piece  replaced,  and 
it  is  ready  for  use.  It  takes  an  average  of  five  min- 
utes to  clean  each  trap.  When  all  the  traps  have 
been  cleaned,  the  contents  of  the  receiving  tanks, 
after  being  roughly  washed,  are  collected  and  taken 
to  the  amalgamating  barrel  for  further  treatment. 
In  the  meantime  the  contents  of  the  tank  in  the  amal- 
gamating room  have  been  removed.  This  is  added 
to  the  product  from  the  mercury  traps,  and  the 
total  charged  into  the  amalgamating  barrel. 
.  This  barrel  is  made  of  cast  iron,  20  inches  in  diam- 


means  of  a  hydraulic  ram,  designed  by  one  of  the  mill 
foremen.  The  pressed  cakes  of  amalgam  are  weighed 
and  sent  to  the  assay  office  to  be  retorted  °and 
melted  into  bullion. 

The  second  and  succeeding  days  are  devoted  to  the 
cleaning  of  the  batteries  and  amalgamating  plates. 
These  are  cleaned  at  the  rate  of  four  batteries  of  five 
stamps  per  day.  (In  the  Treadwell  300-stamp  mill 
five  batteries  are  cleaned  per  day.) 

To  clean  up  a  battery  the  feed  is  shut  off  and  the 
stamps  allowed  to  drop  until  they  begin  to  pound  on 
iron,  then  they  are  hung  up.  The  water  is  then  shut 
off,  and  the  splash  boards,  curtains,  screens  and 
chuck  blocks  are  removed.  The  water  remaining  in 
the  mortar;,  is  dipped  out,  and  the  coarse  sand  around 
the  top  of  the  dies  shoveled  into  buckets  to  be  put 
back  into  the  mortar  when  the  cleanup  is  over.  The 
lip  of  the  mortar  and  the  plates  are  then  carefully 
hosed  off  (a  trough  being  first  put  in  the  tail  box  to 
catch  any  loose  amalgam)  and  the  entire  surface  of 
the  plate  covered  by  a  wooden  cover  for  steaming. 
A  space  of  I  inch  is  left  between  the  cover  and  the 
plate  by  means  of  three  slats  J -inch  thick  nailed  to 
the  bottom  of  the  cover.  Sacks  or  other  coverings 
are  placed  over  the  ends  and  edges  to  prevent  the 
escape  of  steam;  the  end  of  a  steam  hose  is  then  in- 
troduced through  a  hole  in  the  cover,  the  steam 
turned  on  and  allowed  to  remain  so  from  twenty  to 
thirty  minutes.  In  the  meantime  a  second  battery 
is  prepared,  and  any  renewals  made  ready,  so  that 
no  time  will  be  lost  when  the  mortar  is  cleaned  out. 
While  the  plate  is  being  steamed  the  chuck  block  is 
cleaned  of  any  adhering  amalgam,  recoated  with 
quicksilver,  and  is  ready  to  be  replaced;  while  the 
sand-distributing  box  on  the  vanners,  corresponding 
to  the  batteries  shut  down,  are  taken  off  and  the 
amalgam  removed  from  the  copper  plate  by  means  of 
chisels.  This  amalgam  is  collected,  the  plates  dressed 
in  the  usual  manner,  the  distributing  box  replaced, 
and  the  vanner  is  ready  for  starting.  When  the 
plate  has  been  sufficiently  steamed,  the  steam  is  shut 
off  and  the  cover  removed  and  taken   to   the  next 


TABLE  IV.— Mill  Labok. 

Treadwell  Mills. 

Mexican. 

Ready   Bullion. 

700-Foot. 

300-Mill. 

240-Mill. 

o 
u 

a 
p 

S 

o 

.d 

6U 

n 

<0 
Hi 

03 

IS 
-So 

a 
I 

o 

u 
a* 

a 
p 

la 
c/l 

o" 
a 

aj 
hi 

on 

c3 

'""'  O 
O 
CO 

a 

CO 

a 

M 
CD 

D 
S 

P 

!3 

o 

a 

to 

J 

CD 

TITLE. 

a 

o 
d 

a** 

bD„_, 

Co 
v  w 

CD 

— ^  ^ 

c 

a 

d 
7, 

sl 

go 
hi 

— ^  to 

a 
PS 

03 

Jz 

""  O 

QJ 

o3 

PS 

1 
4 

8 
4 
2 

B  rs 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
10 
10 

SI  50. 00 
90.00 
70.00 
65.00 
65.00 
2,00 
3.00 
3.50 
3.50 
2.00 

1 
4 
8 
4 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 

Hrs 
12 
IS 
12 
12 
12 
10 
10 
12 
12 
10 

Operat 
S150.00 
90,00 
70.00 
65.00 
65.00 
3.00 
3,00 
2.50 
2.50 
2.00 

ing 
1 

4 
2 
2 
1 
1 

2 

Hrs 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
10 
10 
12 
12 
10 

$150.00 
90.00 
70,00 
65.00 
65.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.50 
2.50 
2.00 

i 

3 
4 
2 

1 
1 

2 

Hrs 
13 
13 
12 
12 
12 
10 
10 
12 
12 
10 
10 

SI  50. 00 
90.00 
70.00 
65.00 
65.00 
3.00 
2.00 
2.50 
2.50 
2.00 
2.25 

2 
4 

2 

1 
1 

Hrs 
12 
12 
12 
13 
12 
10 
10 

S90.00 
70.00 
65.00 
65.00 
3.00 
2,00 

SulpH.  Pullers 

Sulph.  Shovelers 

4 

2 

10 

2.25 

REPAIRS. 

Vanners '  . . 

l 

1 
1 

1? 
10 
10 

SI  00. 00 
4.00 
2.00 

1 

'"'A 

12 
10 
10 

$100.00 
4.00 
2.00 

1 

13 

3.00 

Carpenters 

54 

10 

$4.00  .... 

'/. 

10 

2.00 

Total 

30 

84'/, 

2U4 

22« 

14 

Note.— The  above  wages  include  board  and  lodging.    Engineers,  firemen  and  coal  passers  are  only  employed  part  of  the  time  by  the  mills 
(a)  Amounts  of  $65,  or  greater,  refer  to  monthly  wages,  and  those  of  $4  or  less  refer  to  daily  wages. 


eter  and  4  feet  long.  It  is  supported  in  a  horizontal 
position  by  iron  trunnions  cast  in  the  head,  and  is 
driven  at  the  rate  of  fifteen  revolutions  per  minute 
by  a  belt  leading  to  one  of  the  vanner  countershafts. 

The  barrel  is  charged  through  a  handhole  in  the 
top,  which  can  be  hermetically  sealed;  from  300  to 
500  pounds  of  ore  constituting  a  charge.  Prom  75  to 
125  ounces  of  mercury  is  then  added,  six  iron  cannon 
balls  put  in  to  act  as  grinders,  and  the  barrel  filled 
with  water.  The  handhole  cover  is  then  put  on,  and 
the  barrel  started  revolving.  The  charge  is  left  in 
the  rotating  barrel  twelve  hours ;  the  barrel  is  then 
opened,  and  the  charge  allowed  to  run  out  into  the 
amalgamating  pan.  This  pan  is  made  of  cast  iron,  4 
feet  in  diameter.  Around  the  edge,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  a  space  8  inches  wide  to  serve  as  an  outlet,  is 
a  rim  2.5  inches  high.  The  bottom  is  made  slightly 
concave  to  resemble  a  Mexican  batea.  The  concen- 
trating motion  of  a  batea  is  imitated  as  closely  as 
possible.  This  is  obtained  by  means  of  an  eccentric, 
belt-driven  from  one  of  the  counter  shafts  of  the  mill. 
When  the  barrel  is  stopped,  the  cannon  balls  are 
taken  out  and  put  in  the  pan,  which  is  immediately 
started.  By  the  motion  of  the  pan  the  heavy  contents 
are  concentrated  in  the  middle  while  the  lighter  are 
washed  off  by  means  of  a  stream  of  water  flowing 
through  it,  the  concentrated  product  being  kept  in 
motion,  and  at  the  same  time,  ground  by  means  of 
the  cannon  balls. 

When  the  concentrate  is  cleaned  of  all  light  mate- 
rial, the  pan  is  stopped  and  the  pieces  of  iron,  etc., 
removed.  The  amalgam  is  then  put  in  a  pan,  the 
finer  particles  of  iron  removed  by  means  of  a  magnet, 
and  the  other  foreign  material  by  a  sponge  or  other 
means.  When  the  amalgam  is  clean,  it  is  put  in 
small  cloth  bags  and  the  quicksilver  pressed  out  by 

♦  Abstract  Trans.  Amer.  Inst.  Min.  Engrs. 


plate  that  has  already  been  prepared  for  its  recep- 
tion. The  steamed  plate  is  then  allowed  to  cool  for  a 
few  seconds,  when  the  operation  of  removing  the 
amalgam  commences.  This  is  done  by  scraping  the 
plates  with  sharp  chisels,  and  as  much  amalgam  as 
possible  is  removed  without  exposing  the  copper. 
The  amalgam  is  then  collected,  taken  to  the  amalga- 
mating room  and  locked  up  for  further  treatment. 

Two  men  now  begin  work  on  the  mortar,  and  to 
protect  the  plates  a  wooden  platform  is  placed  at 
the  head  for  the  men  to  stand  on.  If  there  are  no 
renewals  necessary  (but  this  is  unusual)  only  a  por- 
tion of  the  sand  is  taken  out.  If  necessary,  the  shoes 
are  removed  by  driving  a  wedge  through  the  eye 
left  in  the  boss  head  just  above  the  end  of  the  shank 
of  the  shoe  and  forcing  it  out.  The  sand  is  then  dug 
out  of  the  mortar  by  means  of  sharp-pointed  hand 
picks  and  scoops,  the  die  and  liners  removed,  and  the 
mortar  thoroughly  cleaned.  All  pieces  of  iron,  to- 
gether with  the  worn-out  shoes  and  dies  and  liners, 
are  taken  to  the  amalgamating  room  to  be  thoroughly 
cleaned,  and  the  heavy  sand  taken  to  the  cleanup 
barrel. 

The  liners  and  false  bottoms  are  then  put  in  and 
the  die  set  on  the  false  bottom,  while  the  fine  sand 
first  removed  from  the  mortar  is  tamped  around  the 
die  to  hold  it  in  place.  The  shoe  is  then  set  on  the 
top  of  the  die  with  a  collar  of  wooden  shims  around 
its  neck.  A  3i-inch  block  is  then  placed  on  the  top 
of  the  neck  of  the  shoe,  and  the  stamp  lowered  until 
the  boss  head  rests  on  the  block.  The  keys  of  the 
tappets  are  loosened  and  the  tappet  is  allowed  to 
fall  down  to  the  finger,  where  the  keys  are  tight- 
ened. If  the  shoe  has  not  been  removed,  a  9}-inch 
block  is  placed  on  top  of  the  die  and  the  tappets  set 
as  above.  Each  shoe  is  then  successively  dropped 
and  hung  up,  when  the  shoe  is  firmly  fixed  in  the  boss 
head.     The  recesses  for   the  chuck  block,  screens, 


November  7,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


304 


etc.,  are  washed  out,  and  the  chuck  block,  screens 
and  dash  boards  pul  in  place.  The  plate  is  thru 
washed  with  a  weak  solution  of  cyanide,  when  quick- 
silver is  sprinkled  over  its  surface  and  thoroughly 
rubbed  in  with  whisk-  brooms.  TV  quicksilver  is 
evenly  distributed  by  rubbing  with  cloths  moistened 

with  a  weak  soluti f  cyanide.    Some  ore  is  now 

fed  into  the  mortar,  working  the  feeder  by  hand,  the 
water  turned  on,  the  small  cleanup  trough  removed 
from  the  tail  box  and  the  stamps  allowed  to  drop. 
l'ai  tieular  care  is  paid  to  the  feeding  of  ore  when  the 
stamps  are  started,  as  the  mortar  is  empty  of  all 

ground  material. 

The  heavy  sands  from  the  mortar  are  treated  in 
the  cleanup  barrel  in  the  manner  described  above, 
while  the  amalgam  removed  from  the  plates  and 
chuck  blocks  is  simply  ground  in  the  cleanup  pan  and 
the  amalgam  cleaned  in  the  usual  manner. 


A  System  of  Continuous  Concentration  of 
Ores  by  Oil. 

Written  tor  tbe  Uinivg  ami  Scrarrrrxc  Pkkss  by 

.1.  w.  Van  iiKTKii. 

The  adoption  of  oil  concentration  at  the  Hacienda 
of  La  Victoria  by  the  Sociedad  Minero  Alpimina  of 
Lima,  Peru,  for  the  concentration  of  the  ores  from 
the  famous  Carahuacra  silver  mine,  starts  the  oper- 
aiinn  of  their  large  reduction  works  at  Yauli,  and 
opens  again  one  of  the  greatest  silver-producing 
mines  of  South  America,  arter  more  than  $1,500,000 
had  been  spent  on  the  property  by  a  Peruvian  capi- 
talist. Carlos  Gildemeister. 

The  encountering  of  large  quantities  of  zinc  in  the 
ore  interfered  to  such  an  extent  with  the  lixiviation 
treatment  that  the  property  had  to  be  closed  down 
in  1893  and  has  remained  idle  since,   until  recently, 


pulp  is  well  known;   but   In  obtain  an  oil  whose  select- 
ive properties  are  such  as  to  select   one  mineral  from 

the  pulp  while  leaving  another,  requires  much  skill. 

and  can  only  be  accomplished  by  one  experienced  and 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  the  metallic  combination 

of  ores  and  the  chemical  combinations  of  oils. 

An  oil  may  be  compounded    whose   selective   action 

proves  perfect  in  the  laboratory,   and  at   the  same 

tune  would  not  be  a  commercial  success  in   the  work- 
ing plant,  owing  to  lark  of  practical  experience  and 

knowledge  On  pari  of  t|„.  operator. 

The  oil  which  1  have  employed  in  concentrating 
Operations  for  th..  past  eighteen  months,  treating 
the  silver-tin  ores  of  Bolivia  and  the  silver-copper 
ores  of  Yauli,  Peru,  has  proven  highly  successful.  It 
is  specially  treated,  aluminated  hydro-carbon  oil, 
the  manufacture  of  the  same  necessitating  a  consid- 
erable outlay  for  special  machinery  at  Lima.  The 
acidulated,  aluminated  salts  and  products  are  difficult 
to  handle  successfully  in  commercial  quantities,  the 
manufacturing  of  same  involving  great  care  and  an 
expensive  manufacturing  plant. 

The  writer  has  the  best  success  with  the  Pennsyl- 
vania oils,  and  also  the  oils  from  Piura,  Department 
of  Tumbas,  Peru.  These  oils  all  have  a  paraffine 
base.  Laboratory  experiments  with  certain  California 
oils  were  perfect,  but  gave  indifferent  success  in  the 
working  plant.  The  most  satisfactory  oil  heretofore 
produced  is  compounded  by  the  W.  P.  Fuller  Co.  of 
San  Francisco,  owing  to  their  having  special  machin- 
ery for  its  manufacture.  Many  unsatisfactory  re- 
sults in  oil  concentration  have  followed  where  the 
experimenters  have  labored  under  the  impression 
that  it  was  essential  for  the  pulp  to  pass  through 
the  body  of  oil,  and  that  by  so  doing  better  results 
would  be  secured. 

The  selective  action  of  oil  for  the  metallic  particles 
of  the  pulp  depends  upon  the  surface  contact  of  the 
pulp  and  oil,  selective  action  rarely  taking  place  when 
the  pulp  is  within  the  body  of  oil,    the   commingling, 


cylinder  while  its  contents  were  in  rotation  and  upon 
examination  the  pulp  was  found  to  have  lost  all  the 
mineral   and    none    of    the    gangue.     the    centrifugal 

action  of  the  oil  discharging  the  gangue  and  at  The 

same  time  bringing  the  surface  of  the  oil  in  contact 
with  the  pulp. 

Upon  this  experiment  the  fundamental  principle  of 
the  \  an  Meter-Boss  continuous  system  of  oil  concen- 
tration is  based. 

The  centrifugal  action  of  the  body  of  rotating  oil  in 
the  spitzkasten  produces  the  contact  between  the  oil 
and  pulp,  at  the  same  time  passing  the  mineral- 
charged  surface  at  the  rate  of  900  square  feet  per 
minute,  from  the  body  of  oil,  allowing  a  new  surface 
to  be  presented  at  the  same  rate.  As  only  the  min- 
eral surface  so  discharged  passes  through*  the  sepa- 
rator (the  main  body  of  oil  being  used  as  a  circulating 
medium  within  the  concentrator),  it  greatly  increases 
the  capacity  of  the  separator  and  dispenses  with  the 
bulky  spitzkasten,  vats,  etc.  It  will  be  seen  by  this 
method  that  the  commingling,  mixing  or  agitation  of 
the  oil  and  pulp  is  entirely  eliminated,  which  has  been 
the  cause  of  failures  in  oil  concentrating  devices. 
The  separation  of  the  concentrates  from  the  oil  has 
been  brought  to  a  high  state  of  perfection.  Instead 
of  using  the  cumbersome  hydro  extractors,  or  cen- 
trifugal drums,  which  have  to  be  stopped  at  intervals 
for  the  removal  of  the  concentrates,  only  to  pass 
through  a  similar  process  of  cleaning,  a  small  cen- 
trifugal separator  has  been  adopted,  which  carries 
out  the  whole  process  of  separation  and  cleaning,  the 
concentrates  being  discharged  continuously,  free 
from  oil  without  stoppage  of  the  separators.  One  of 
the  above  separators,  with  2o'-inch  cone  (weight  1200 
pounds),  running  at  a  speed  of  1000  revolutions  per 
minute,  has  a  capacity  of  separating  sixteen  tons  of 
mineral-charged  oil  in  twenty-four  hours. 

During  the  month  of  June,  1902,  at  the  Santa  Bar- 
bara oil  concentration  plant,  Yauli,  Peru,  the  follow- 
ing run  was  made  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  the 


Centrifugal  Cone  Separator,  Continuous  Discharge. 


100-Ton  Standard  Unit  Van  Meter-Boss  Oil  Concentrator. 


there  being  no  successful  method  of  treatment  dis- 
covered. During  the  last  nine  months,  repeated  con- 
centration tests  of  the  Carahuacra  ores  have  been 
made  at  the  Santa  Barbara  oil  concentration  plant 
at  Yauli,  which  have  proven  highly  successful,  and  it 
has  been  practically  demonstrated  that  the  rebellious 
element  of  the  ores  could  be  successfully  separated 
by  oil  concentration. 

The  separation  of  the  concentrates,  whereby  two 
different  products  are  obtained,  is  based  on  the  prin- 
ciple that  a  highly  charged  aluminated  hydro-carbon 
oil,  under  different  temperatures,  has  the  exceptional 
properties  of  selecting  and  retaining  certain  minerals 
from  a  pulp  to  the  exclusion  of  others. 

The  concentration  plant  of  La  Victoria  will  consist 
of  two  100-ton  unit  Van  Meter  -  Boss  concentrators 
(continuous  system)  arranged  in  tandem,  the  tailings 
of  the  first  discharging  into  that  of  the  second. 
From  the  first  concentrator  will  be  obtained  the  rich 
silver  concentrates,  from  which  the  zinc  has  been 
separated,  and  from  the  second  a  zinc  concentrate 
low  in  silver.  The  silver  concentrates  will  be  treated 
by  the  present  lixiviation  plant,  while  the  zinc  con- 
centrates will  be  treated  separately  for  a  zinc 
product. 

Having  erected  and  operated  the  first  oil  concen- 
trating plant  in  America;  which  proved  financially 
successful  in  the  concentration  of  the  silver  and  cop- 
per ores  of  Peru,  and  the.  subsequent  adoption  of  this 
system  for  the  concentration  of  tin  ores  in  Bolivia,  a 
few  ideas  relative  to  the  selection  of  the  oils  and  me- 
chanical conveniences  necessary  to  obtain  the  best 
results  may  be  of  interest  to  those  contemplating  oil 
concentration. 

The  selection  of  the  oil  is  the  most  important  feat- 
ure of  all,  and  requires  the  skill  of  a  chemist,  who 
should  be  an  expert  on  oils.  The  selective  action  of 
a  petroleum   residuum  oil  for  mineral  particles   of 


mixing  or  agitating  of  the  same  to  obtain  the  surface 
contact  being  useless  and  detrimental  to  the  process. 
Upon  examination  of  a  body  of  mineral-charged  oil, 
the  mineral  particles  are  found  adhering  only  to  the 
surface,  leaving  the  interior  free  from  mineral. 
Therefore,  in  a  body  of  oil  the  more  surface  exposed 
to  a  mineral  pulp  the  greater  the  extraction  of  the 
mineral  by  the  oil.  This  has  been  clearly  demon- 
strated by  a  series  of  experiments,  conducted  with 


selective  action  of  aluminated  hydro-carbon  oil,  under 
different  temperatures.  Two  concentrators  were 
arranged  so  that  the  tailings  from  the  first  dis- 
charged into  the  second.  The  oil  in  the  first  was 
kept  at  a  temperature  of  140°  F.,  and  in  the  second 
at  60°  F.  Two  hundred  and  eighty-five  tons  of  silver- 
copper  ore  was  selected  from  the  mines  of  Julio, 
Celia,  and  Santa  Teresa,  the  average  assay  value  be- 
ing about  $35  per  ton. 


STATEMENT. 

■z 

Temperature 

Amount  in  Pounds 

Assay  Value  Con- 

> 

2 

Remarks. 

B 

or  Oil. 

Concentrates. 

centrates  per  Ton. 

S.p 

B 

CD 

o 

O 

O 

O 

O 

Mine. 

O 

2B 

siB 

2§ 

2§ 

2§ 

2§ 

CTQ 

CD 

■      <» 

■     CD 

■     CD 

*    a> 

■   n> 

■     CD 

:  o 

g- 

Cost  of  labor 

.$71  00 

d 

Cost  of  oil  per  gallon. 

8c 

■      P 

■      P 

■     & 

■    P 

■      M 

-     D 

165 

140 

60 

4,250 

1,500 

14,030 
3,500 
1,600 

■f!,112  00 

$346  00 

SI  22 
1  60 

110 
58 

40 

1  45 

29 

two  hollow  cylinders  about  12  inches  in  diameter,  but 
of  different  height,  arranged  in  a  vertical  position, 
the  first  cylinder  being  about  20  feet  in  height  and 
stationary,  the  second  being  about  2  feet  in  height 
and  arranged  to  rotate  at  a  speed  of  about  200  revo- 
lutions per  minute,  and  provided  with  a  brake,  by 
the  application  of  which,  it  can  be  brought  to  an 
abrupt  stop,  allowing  the  contents  to  rotate  within. 
The  two  cylinders  being  filled  with  oil,  a  quart  of 
mineral  pulp  was  poured  into  the  larger  so  as  to 
pass  through  the  center  of  the  body  of  oil.  Upon 
examination  of  the  pulp  afterwards,  it  was  found  to 
have  lost  2%  of  metallic  mineral  and  7i%  of  gangue. 
The  same  experiment  was  conducted  with  the  second 


From  the  foregoing  it  will  be  seen  that  oil 
does  not  only  act  as  a  concentrator,  but  under 
different  temperatures  will  act  as  a  separator. 
The  quick  success  of  concentrating  by  oil  in  South 
America  is  largely  due  to  the  enterprise  and 
liberality  of  Dr.  Octavio  Valentine,  a  wealthy 
mine  owner  of  Peru,  on  whose  property,  at  Yauli, 
the  first  successful  oil  concentration  plant  in  America 
was  erected. 

The  value  of  oil  concentration  is  rapidly  coming  to 
be  recognized,  and  I  know  of  no  other  field  in  the 
metallurgical  line  more  promising  for  research  than 
the  concentration  and  separation  of  minerals  by 
means  of  oil. 


305 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


Alluvial  Deposits  of  Horsefly,  B.  C. 

NUMBER  II— CONCLUDED. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
W.  M.  Brewer. 

At  the  time  of  the  writer's  visit  to  this  property 
active  operations  had  been  suspended  and  during  the 
past  season  a  sample  mill  run  only  had  been  made. 
It  would  appear  that  the  owners  of  the  property 
would  be  justified  in  prosecuting  development  in  or- 


from  the  present  surface  to  bedrock  averages  about 
150  feet;  this  is  made  up  of  about  20  feet  of  boulder 
clay  from  the  surface  down,  the  remainder  being  free 
and  cemented  gravel,  of  which  the  highest  grade  is 
the  stratum  already  referred  to,  which  immediately 
overlays  the  bedrock. 

On  the  Ward  claim,  5  miles  farther  up  the  river, 
all  the  work  which  has  been  done  has  been  by  hydrau- 
lic process  and  elevating  the  tailings.  The  material 
washed  is  piped  from  the  face  of  the  bank  to  the  foot 
of  the  elevator,  which  is  of  the  suction  pattern,  ele- 
vated 50  feet,  discharged  onto  a  grizzly  and  dumped 


;     A  Ipha  P.  M. 

V  BttAcrtt 


Map  of  Horsefly  Co.'s  Property,  British  Columbia. 


der  to  determine  whether  the  extent  of  the  deposit  of 
cement  in  this  ancient  channel  is  sufficiently  large  to 
warrant  the  erection  of  a  stamp  mill  of  much  greater 
capacity  than  the  present  one  ;  because  it  does  not 
seem  as  though  a  10-stamp  mill,  being  operated  on 
material  of  such  low  average  grade  as  this  is  shown 
to  be,  could  result  in  commercial  success,  even  though 
the  duty  of  each  stamp  was  to  crush  5i  tons  of  this 
cement  per  day,  which,  according  to  the  manager's 
reports,  has  been  about  the  average. 

In  accordance  with  this  view,  the  writer  finds  that 
in  the  last  report  of  Manager  Hobson  to  the  share- 
holders he  recommends  the  expenditure  of  $200,000 
as  the  total  cost  of  the  necessary  development  work 
and  installation  of  an  80-stamp  mill,  which  he 
estimates  will  place  the  mine  on  a  dividend-paying 
basis. 

The  cost  for  mining  and  milling  he  estimates  at 
$1.12  per  ton,  and  the  lowest  average  tests  which 
had  been  obtained  at  any  time  from  drifting  and  mill- 
ing were  $1.12  per  ton,  and  seven  tests  of  selected 
gravels,  the  first  four  of  which  were  made  in  1897  and 
the  others  in  1898,  are  reported  to  have  resulted  as 
follows : 

Quantity  Product 

Milled.  Per  Ton. 

1897 No.  1 lOOtons  S3  42 

"    No.  2 100     "  4  13 

'."    No.  3 100     "  2  18 

"    No.  4 100     "  4  13 

1898 ..No.  5 50     "  5  02 

"     No.  6 100     "  3  07 

"    No.  7 100     '•  4  31 

Some  idea  of  the  gravel  deposited  in  this  ancient 
channel  can  be  formed  when  the  extent  already  ex- 
ploited is  considered.  In  addition  to  the  area  which 
has  been  washed  over  by  the  hydraulic  process,  where 
the  bedrock  is  exposed  over  an  area  of  four  or  five 
acres,  the  main  tunnel,  which  is  really  run  to  cross- 
cut the  channel,  has  been  driven  1200  feet  from  the 
northerly  rim  and  has  apparently  not  yet  reached  the 
center  of  the  channel;  therefore  ,  the  position  of  the 
opposite  rimrock,  as  well  as  the  distance  from  rim- 
rock  to  rimrock,  is  as  yet  undetermined,  as  is  also  the 
length  of  the  channel. 

The  thickness  of  the  high-grade  cement  varies  from 
2  to  6  feet,  while  the  thickness  of   the  entire  deposit 


into  sluice  boxes,  the  discharge  end  of  which  reaches 
to  the  tailings  dump. 

Mr.  Ward,  the  manager,  informed  the  writer  that 
about  80%  of  the  values  contained  in  the  gravel  were 


saved  before  the  material  was  elevated;  but  of  this 
amount  it  appeared  to  the  writer  that  a  considerable 
proportion  was  lost  between  the  face  of  the  cut  and 
the  bottom  of  the  elevator,  because  the  material  is 
washed  over  the  gravel  floor  of  the  cut,  instead  of 
being  piped  into  a  flume  furnished  with  riffles. 

The  material  in  that  portion  of  the  channel  on  which 
Ward's  claim  is  located,  although  showing  that  some 
cementing  process  had  been  at  work,  has  not  become 
as  compact  and  hard  as  at  the  Horsefly  mine;  conse- 
quently, drift  mining  has  not  been  resorted  to,  the 
material  still  being  sufficiently  free  for  piping. 

The  writer  during  his  visit  witnessed  a  somewhat 
unusual  condition  which  characterized  a  stratum  of 
boulder  clay,  almost  black  in  color,  which  Mr.  Ward 
had  previously  considered  as  being  barren  of  values. 
From  motives  of  curiosity,  more  than  the  hope  of  find- 
ing values  in  this  material,  he  panned  some,  with  the 
result  that  it  yielded  nearly  50  cents  to  the  pan  ;  he 
then  started  to  prospect  the  material  with  sluice 
boxes,  and  as  a  result  of  two  days'  work  by  five  men, 
shoveling  into  sluice  boxes,  cleaned  up  $90,  and 
demonstrated  that  the  pay  stratum  averaged  between 
3  and  4  feet  in  thickness. 

The  depth  from  the  present  surface  to  bedrock 
varies  in  this  portion  of  the  channel,  the  maximum 
being  150  feet ;  but,  owing  to  the  lifting  capacity  of 
the  elevator,  60  feet  is  the  greatest  depth  to  which 
work  can  be  carried. 

This  property  has  been  worked  since  1876,  and, 
when  conditions  are  favorable,  often  yields  as  high  as 
$1000  per  day,  the  quantity  of  water  used  being 
about  2000  miner's  inches.  This  supply  is  furnished 
from  Mussel  creek,  being  taken  out  just  above  the 
falls,  and  about  2  miles  nearer  the  mouth  than  the 
location  of  the  dam  constructed  by  the  Horsefly 
Hydraulic  M.  Co. 

On  Mussel  creek,  which  is  a  tributary  of  the  Horse- 
fly river,  the  rock  formation  changes  from  shale  to 
basalt,  and  it  is  near  the  falls  that  the  stratum  of 
white  quartz  gravel  underlies  the  basalt.  On  the 
same  creek,  and  about  4  miles  above  its  mouth,  the 
eruptive  rocks  contain  impregnations  of  native  cop- 
per. Particles  from  the  size  of  the  head  of  a  pin  to 
a  coffee  bean  are  found  disseminated  through  the 
basalt  with  greater  or  less  regularity,  probably  aver- 
aging 1%  or  2%.  The  extent  of  the  mineralized  zone 
has  never  been  determined,  principally  for  the  reason 
that  lack  of  transportation  prohibits  the  attempt  to 
work  any  but  placer,  hydraulic  or  free-milling  gold- 
bearing  rock  in  this  portion  of  the  Province. 


A  Number  Scheme  for  Mines. 


Dam  on  Mussel  Creek,  British  Columbia. 


To  the  Editor: — I  have  read  with  interest  the 
suggestion  of  Mr.  Alderson,  appearing  in  your  issue 
of  October  24,  entitled  "A  Number  Scheme  for 
Mines."  It  is  a  good  idea  and  one  capable  of  appli- 
cation in  many  large  mines  where  no  system  of  num- 
bering is  in  use,  but  where  it  could  be  introduced  to 
advantage.  I  would  suggest,  however,  that  mill 
holes,  each  20  feet,  are  unnecessarily  close — 30  feet 
being  the  usual  distance  of  chutes  from  center  to 
center.  This  leaves  a  distance  for  the  shovelers  of 
only  12i  feet  on  either  side  of  the  center  of  that  block 
of  the  stope.  It  also  seems  an  unnecessary  expense 
to  put  up  raises  every  20  or  even  every  30  feet.  Or- 
dinarily a  raise  at  each  end  of  a  shoot 
of  ore  of  moderate  length  is  sufficient, 
and  in  very  long  shoots  every  100  feet 
is  a  sufficiently  short  interval.  If  the 
mine  is  being  operated  by  the  block 
system,  then  a  raise  at  either  end  of 
each  block  will  be  necessary,  or  a  double 
compartment  raise  at  the  center.  By 
placing  the  first  chute  30  feet  from  the 
shaft  on  the  100  level  it  would  be  pro- 
per, according  to  Mr.  Alderson's 
scheme,  to  number  it  103,  and  there- 
after the  numbers  would  run  106,  109, 
112,  etc.  This  admits  of  the  numbers 
running  up  to  199,  which  would  indicate 
a  point  990  feet  from  the  shaft.  It  is 
seldom  that  drifts  are  driven  a  greater 
distance  from  a  shaft  without  making 
connections  with  workings  from  a 
second  shaft.  The  raises  should  be 
designated  as  such  and  may  be  given 
each  its  appropriate  number,  as,  for 
instance,  the  first  raise  and  the  first 
chute  may  be  put  up  together — in 
double  compartment,  and  called  "raise 
103,"  and  the  next  at  120  feet  (also 
double  compartment),  called  "raise 
112"  which  indicates  that  this  raise  is 
on  the  100-foot  level  at  a  point  120  feet 
from  the  shaft,  with  90  feet  between 
No.  103  and  No.  112. 

In  working  both  ways  from  the  shaft 
the  system  could  be  carried  out  by 
calling  one  side  arbitrarily  north  or 
south,  east  or  west,  as  the  case  may 
be.  No.  522  N.  indicates  the  chute 
220  feet  north  of  the  shaft  on  the  500 
level.  Crosscuts  should  be  indicated  by 
the  letter  X,  as  suggested  by  Mr. 
Alderson,  and  there  is  not  much  likeli- 
hood   of  the  letters    of  the    alphabet 


NnvKMiiEit  7,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


306 


being  exhausted  by  multiplicity  of  veins  worked  by 
this  system.  The  plan  i-  merely  Bug  geetive  and 
may  be  elaborated  as  much  as  the  necessity  <>f  the 
case  or  the  ingenuity  of  the  superintendent  may  de 
termine.  .Mink  Si  PEHINTJSNDENT. 


Pump  for  a  Cyanide  Plant. 

In  a  cyanide  plant  is  used  a  circulating  pump  to 
carry  the  cyanide  solutions,  after  passing  through  the 
/in.-  boxes,  back  to  a  level  above  the  charging  tanks. 
Tin-  accompanying  illustration  show-,  a  centrifugal 
pump  arranged  for  such  work.  It  is  connected  to  a 
gas  engine  by  machine  cut  gears,  tin-  whole  being  self- 


Pump  and  Gasoline  Engine  for  Cyanide  Plant. 

contained  on  a  cast  iron  base.  The  engine  will  de- 
velop 21  H.  P.  (13  H.  P.  guaranteed)  and  can  be  run 
with  either  gasoline  or  distillate.  It  is  equipped  with 
magneto  sparking  dynamo,  oilers  and  wrenches. 

The  pump  is  a  2-inch  centrifugal,  having  a  capacity 
of  from  75  to  150  gallons  per  minute,  depending  on 
the  height  to  which  the  solution  is  raised.  The  cut 
shows  the  circulating  water  pipes  from  the  engine 
cylinder,  connected  with  the  pump  (this  is  where 
clear  water  is  pumped.)  When  cyanide  solutions  are, 
handled  these  pipes  are  connected  with  the  water 
main,  and  the  pump  outlets  for  such  plugged.  Fur- 
ther information  as  to  shipping  weight,  prices,  etc., 
may  be  had  from  the  Hercules  Gas  Engine  Co., 
1()3-1H7  First  street,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


A  Montejus  and  Filter  Press  for 
Cyanidation. 

Written  for  the  Mininc  and  Scientific  Pkess  by 
Dennis  H.  Stovall. 

Iii  recent  years  there  has  been  quite  an  innovation 
in  methods  of  extracting  gold  from  pulverized  base 
ores  or  tailings.  This  innovation  has  largely  been 
in  the  nature  of  filter  presses,  as  a  valuable  and  addi- 
tional agent  in  the  treatment  of  pulp  and  slimes  by 
the  cyanide  or  other  processes  of  extraction.  At 
the  Greenback  mine,  southern  Oregon,  Superinten- 
dent C.  W.  Thompson  has  placed  in  commission  a 
cyanide  plant  that  goes  one  step  farther  than  any 
other  process  used  in  the  mines  of  this  part  of  the 
West.  This  is  a  montejus  and  filter  press.  Through 
the  agency  of  this  plant  Mr.  Thompson  is  able  to  save 
at  least  95%  of  the  assay  values  of  the  ore. 

The  montejus  and  filter  press  were  manufactured 
in  Germany  and  set  up  at  the  Greenback  mine- at  a 
considerable  cost,  but  it  is  proving  a  good  invest- 
ment. The  filter  press  feature  of  the  plant  is  but 
little  unlike  other  filter  presses  that  have  been  intro- 
duced in  the  mines  of  America,  Australia  and  New 
Zealand,  but  as  far  as  the  writer  is  informed  no 
other  mine  in  America  has  yet  introduced  the  mon- 
tejus. This  latter  machine,  in  its  single  piece, 
weighed  five  tons,  and  resembles  a  huge  boiler.  It 
was  set  on  end  and  buried  in  the  ground  till  but  a 
small  part  of  its  upper  portion  remains  above  the 
floor  of  the  mill.     (See  illustration  front  page).     The 


route  of  the  tailings,  after  leaving  the  concentra- 
tors, is  tirst  to  the  sump  tanks,  thence  to  the  mon- 
tejus, whence  they  are  forced  to  the  filter  press. 

The  large  pipe  shown  in  the  illustration,  running 
from  the  top  of  the  montejus  to  the   right,  c tects 

with  the  sump  or  sli s    tanks,  and   another  winning 

out  of  the  tank  higher  up  connects  with  sand  tanks. 
The  arrangement  for  filling  and  discharging  is  auto- 
matic, being  operate. I  by  compressed  air. 

In  the  cyanide  plant  of  the  Greenback  mine  then- 
are  three  sand  tanks  and  four  slime  tanks.     The  tail 

ings  are  conveyed  from  the  concentrators,  being  first 

separated  from  the  slimes,  to  the  sand  tanks.       Each 
sand  tank  has  a  capacity  of  150  tons,   and  are  so  ar- 
ranged that  while  one  is  filling  one  of  the  other  two 
are  being  discharged.      The  montejus  and  filter  press 
treat  not  only  the  tailings  sands,  but  the  slimes 
also,  and  each  are  conveyed  by  gravity   to  the 
montejus.  entering  it  near  the  top  through  a 
large    valve.       When    the    montejus  is   full  this 
valve   closes,    and  the   method    of  emptying    it 

and  forcing  th.-  pulp  to  the  press  is  by  com- 
pressed air  supplied  by  the  air  compressors  in 
the-  stain]i  mill.  The  air  enters  through  one 
of  two  valves,  one  that  has  a  pipe  leading 
nearly  to  the  bottom  of  the  montejus,  and  the 
other  only  into  the  top.  The  pipe  leading  to 
the  bottom  is  for  agitation,  such  being  necess- 
ary at  times  when  the  pulp  cakes,  or  becomes 
too  solidly  packed.  The  air  under  pressure 
forces  the  contents  of  the  montejus  out  through 
a  large  pipe  that  also  leads  nearly  to  the  bot- 
tom of  the  tank,  and  through  this  pipe  the 
tailings  and  slimes  are  forced  to  the  filter 
press,  under  a  pressure  of  from  a  few  pounds 
up  to  eighty  pounds  per  squareinch. 

The  filter  press  is  made  up  of  a  series  of 
filter  frames,  set  side  by  side,  and  each  cored 
internally  with  slots,  with  perforated  steel 
plates  between  them.  Each  of  these  frames 
set  and  revolve  on  a  common  axis  or  shaft,  and 
each  are  provided  with  convenient  handles  or 
hand  holds,  making  it  an  easy  matter  to  manip- 
ulate them.  The  corings  of  each  filter  frame 
snugly  coincide,  thus  allowing  a  common  pass- 
age for  the  flushing  fluid,  for  charging  the 
chambers,  and  for  the  compressed  air. 

At  one  end  of  the  frame  is  arranged  a 
ratchet  and  wheel  lever,  with  a  powerful  ful- 
crum by  which  a  man  can  easily  apply  the 
pressure  necessary  to  operate  the  press. 

The  method  of  treating  the  wash  fluids  after 
they  have  passed  through  the  tailings  cakes  in 
the  filter  frames  is  identical  to  that  followed 
in  any  cyanide  plant. 


Impact  Screen  for  Ores. 

One  of  the  difficulties  which  is  frequent  in 
ore  reduction  is  the  screening  of  the  ore  after 
crushing,  and  particularly  is  this  the.  case  if  the 
ore  be  wet  and  of  a  clayey  nature.  In  the  use  of 
tromme  Is  this  is  often  the  case.  When  the  ore  is 
screened  dry  a  large  amount  of  dust  is  created, 
which  in  some  ores  is  not .  only  disagreeble,  but 
dangerous,  as  in  the  ease  of  lead  ores.  In 
this  class  of  ores  when  they  are  wet,  the  clog- 
ging of  the  screen  is  of  frequent  occurrence, 
greatly  reducing  the  capacity  of  the  mill,  and  causing 


the  Colorado  Iron  Works  of  Deliver.  Colo.,  has  de- 
vised a  flat  screen,  designed  to  work  on  any  class 
of  ores.  This  screen  has  a  vertical  motion 
at  right  angles  to  the  plaue  of  the  screen  Sur- 
face,  the  motion  in  other  screens  being  horizontal, 
or  practically  in  the  same  plane  as  that  in  which  the 
material  is  traveling.  The  vertical  motion  is  de- 
signed to  keep  the  screen  free,  and  to  permit  the 
largest    possible    capacity.      Tin-     construction     and 

operation  of  th.-  screen  is  illustrated  in  the  accom- 
panying engraving, 


Standardizing    of   Methods  of    Chemical 
Analysis. 

In  a  paper  read  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Brit- 
ish Association  at  Belfast,  B.  Blount  enters  a  protest 
against  the  present  tendency  toward  standardization 
of  methods  of  chemical  analysis,  on  the  grounds  that 
the  conscientious  chemist  seeks  any  way  to  employ 
the  methods  that  are  most  nearly  accurate,  that  the 
employment  of  various  methods  that  are  equally  good 
furnishes  a  valuable  check  on  the  results,  that  the 
adoption  of  standard  methods  not  known  to  be  abso- 
lutely correct  will  simply  perpetuate  imperfections 
and  discourage  investigations  toward  improvements, 
and  finally  that  independent  consulting  chemists,  who 
may  refuse  to  submit  to  dictation  even  from  a  com- 
mittee of  their  peers  as  to  the  methods  they  are  to 
employ,  will  be  put  at  an  unfair  advantage  before  the 
public,  and  especially  before  courts  of  law.  Mr.  Blount 
admits,  however,  the  desirability  of  revision  of  an- 
alytical methods,  and  considers  it  a  proper  function 
of  a  committee,  acting  under  some  central  body,  to 
examine  and  report  on  old  methods  and  recommend 
new  ones;  but  the  reports  of  such  committees  should 
merely  be  critical  and  advisory,  and  no  attempt 
should  be  made  to  erect  a  standard  method.  The  ob- 
ject aimed  at  would  be  to  insure  that  the  methods 
examined  and  finally  approved  should  be  both  reli- 
able and  practicable.  In  that  way  real  analytical 
progress  would  be  effected. 


Order  of  Drop  of  Stamps. 

To  the  Editor: — The  order  of  drop  of  stamps  is 
of  great  importance.  Thirty  years  ago  we  used  to 
hear  it  said  that  five  stamps  in  a  battery  was 
the  proper  thing,  because  this  number  could  be  so 
arranged  that  no  two  adjacent  stamps  would  drop 
consecutively.  Accordingly  the  cams  were  generally 
so  placed  on  the  shaft  that  the  order  of  drop  was 
1,  3,  5,  2,  4;  but  with  this  order  of  drop  the  pulp 
has  always  banked  up  under  Nos.  1  and  2,  and  no 
arrangement  of  feeding  or  increase  of  drop  of  one 
or  two  stamps  or  distribution  of  water  will  entirely 
remedy  the  difficulty.  But  this  order  still  continues 
in  some  places  because  the  theory  is  correct.  The 
order  1,  4,  2,  3,  5,  or  1,  5,  2,  4,  3  is  better,  though 
not  perfect.  With  dies  much  worn,  and  discharge 
correspondingly  higher,  the  difficulty  becomes  more 
pronounced,  and  I  have  repeatedly  found  that  by 
holding  a  square-edged  receptacle  before  the  screen 
frame,  and  drying  and  weighing  the  result,  that  No. 
5,  with  6  inches  drop,  forced  more  pulp  through  the 
screen  than  Nos.  1  and  2  together,  having  8  and  7 
inches  drop  respectively. 

Injthe  "long  ago"  I  ran  a  3-stamp  mill  on  the 
American  mine.  The  order  of  drop  was 
1,  2,  3.  It  could  not  be  otherwise.  The 
pulp  banked  up  under  No.  1.  In  later 
days,  I  operated  a  4-stamp  prospecting 
mill — light  stamps,  but  rapid  drop. 
The  order  was  1,  3,  2,  4.  The  pulp 
seemed  to  distribute  itself  uniformly 
through  the  battery  and  the  discharge 
was  uniform.  There  was  nothing  more 
to  be  desired  in  this  behalf. 

I  believe,  but  am  not  able  to  prove, 
that  a  4-stamp  battery  with  this  order 
of  drop  will  crush  more  ore,  other  condi 
tions  being  the  same,  than  a  5-stamp 
battery  with  any  order  of  drop  that 
can  be  given  it,  and  I  predict  that 
those  who  build  mills,  say  twenty-five 
years  hence,  will  find  that  a  change  has 
occurred,  and  that  4-stamp  batteries 
are  the  rule.  Mill  Man. 


Impact  Screen  for  Ores. 

much  loss  of  time.  When  a  screen  does  not  properly 
perform  its  function,  that  of  sizing  the  crushed  ore, 
the  under  size  which  should  have  passed  through 
the  screen  is  returned  to  the  rolls  overloading  them, 
causing  additional  loss  of  capacity  and  conse- 
quent expense.  A  revolving  screen  finer  than  ten- 
mesh  requires  much  attention  and  is  a  source  of  much 
annoyance. 
To  overcome  this  difficulty  with  clogging  of  scrense 


Ammonal,  a  New  Explosive. 

The  latest  in  explosives,  according  to 
Metal  Industry,  is  powdered  aluminum, 
mixed  with  nitrate  of  ammonia,  and 
put  upon  the  market  under  the  name 
of  "ammonal."  This  explosive  is 
said  to  be  one  of  the  surest  and 
safest  known,  as  it  can  not  be 
exploded  by  friction  or  blow,  while 
otherwise  containing  all  requisites  of  an  explo- 
sive. The  fact  that  aluminum  is  not  affected  by  nitric 
acid  gives  the  important  property  to  ammonal  of  not 
being  subject  to  disintegration.  As  it  is  not  affected 
by  frosts,  accidents  which  so  often  occur  when  thaw- 
ing out  frozen  dynamite  are  not  to  be  feared.  The 
explosion  is  caused  by  an  ordinary  cap.  Another 
important  property  claimed  for  ammonal  is  that  it  is 
not  affected  by  moisture. 


- 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


NV'VEVIEEE 


1908. 


3 

Mining  and  Metallurgical  Patents 

o 


OOSCESTB  ATOR.- 


-Sol  742.510:  C.  H.  Snow.  Stoek- 


?atz:~s  :=;7zi  ::r:;z-.  ;-  i;:; 


niBgEMea  f«  use  mtxisg  and  sciex- 


Crfshixg  Rolls.— X      741,892;  W.  G  Dodd.  San 


In  roller  crusher,  combination  with  grinding  rolls. 
of  separated  rods  arranged  in  same  horizontal  plane 
at  each  side  of  rolls  and  between  which  rols  work. 
means  at  respective  ends  of  rods  for  supporting 
same,  pair  of  slidable  bearing  brackets  for  each 
crushing  roll,  each  of  brackets  being  sleeved  upon 
pair  of  rods,  means  for  exerting  inward  pressure 
upon  bearing  brackets,  and  universal  bearings  car- 
ried by  brackets  upon  which  crushing  rolls  are  sus- 
pended. 

DISCHARGE  TERMINAL  FOR  WlRE  ROPE  Tb  AMW  ATS. — 

No.  742.235:  B.  C.  Riblet.  Spokane.  Wash. 


In  discharging  terminal  for  wire  rope  tram—  a  - 
combination  with  running  and  stationary  ropes,  of 
movable  truck  having  tucket  dumper  arranged 
thereon,  bucket  guiding  rails  located  below  running 
rope;  second  movable  truck  in  ahnement  with  first 
mentioned  truck,  having  sheave  mounted  thereon, 
round  which  running  rope  passes:  semi-circular 
track,  ends  of  which  are  extended  and  have  telescopic 
connection  with  tracks  forming  continuations  of  sta- 
tionary rope:  semi-circular  guide  rail  having  ex- 
tended ends  which  telescope  with  guide  rails  of  above 
mentioned  trip  mechanism  for  operating  bucket 
dumper;  cable  connecting  mechanism  with  dumper, 
and  means  for  operating  trip  mechanism 


Process  of  Electro-Detosixisg  Metals. — No. 
442:  W.  M.  Johnson.  Hartford.  Conn. 


'42.- 


Jlethod  in  subjecting  electrolyte  in  neighborhood  of 
cathode  to  such  pressure  as  will  remove  contained 
gases,  and  electro-depositing  metal  therefrom  in 
reguline  form. 


Concentrating  apparatus  consisting  of  pair  of  di- 
vergent tables  having  inner  edges  hinged  contiguous 
to  each  other,  and  outer  edges  declining  therefrom, 
longitudinal  riffles  parallel  with  outer  edg->=  M 
tables,  means  for  independently  adjusting  tran.- 
angies  of  tables,  mechanism  by  which  longitudi^^.  in- 
clination of  ta:.r;  is  simultaneously  adjusted, 
mechanism  by  which  longitudinal  c-oneussive  move- 
ment of  tables  is  effected,  pulp-distributing  box, 
means  contained  therein  whereby  pulp  of  different 
gravity  is  delivered  upon  respective  tables  to  be  in- 
dependently treated. 

Apparatcs  for  Charging   asd    Cleahisg    Frs- 
-   .   B No.  742.196;  T.  Jones,  Ma.  Kans. 


An  apparatus    for    charging    retort,    comprising 

for  containing  material  to   be   treated  and 

leans  for  forcing  charge  from  holder  without  alter- 

:^r  v    s:rl  _  ::"  1  . ". ■.:■  :..  ?:   :".  i:.^ 


Ttxxel     Cosstrtct:  y  — 
O'Rourke,  New  York.  N.  Y. 


No.     742.2 


J.     F. 


S  lecture  for  tuime.  building  comprising  crib  or 
upper  portion,  working  chamber,  ir,d  intermediate 
air  pressure  chamber  from  which  work  of  excavation 
can  be  carried  on,  air  pressure  chamber  and  working 
chamber  forming  permai:e~:  s:r_:-rnre  and  crib  or 
upper  portion  being  removable  from  permanent 
structure. 

Pkocess  of  Treating  Lead,  Silver  or  Zinc  Ores. 
I'      %1.653:  S.  Ganelin,  Berlin,  Germany. 
Process  for  treatment  of  ores  and  substances  con- 


taining metallic  oxides,  of  silver,  lead  or  zinc,  which 
consists  in  mi-Tincr  them  with  molten  salt  capable  of 
dissolving  oxides  from  the  rest  of  the  ore  and  then 
separating  metallic  substances  from  salt  and  rest 
of  ore. 

RatchetClittch  foe  Drilling  Swivels. — No.  742.- 
332:  J.  Runny.  H.  G.  Arundell  and  P.  R.  Runny.  Los 
Ange    - 


Drilling  spindle  comprising  swivel  rod.  cable  se- 
cured thereto,  head  on  rod  easing  inclosing  rod  and 
head  antifri  -  means  located  between  rod  and 
casing,  ratchet  barrel  secured  to  rod  and  turning 
tool  rod  secured  to  casing  beneath  ratchet 
barrel,  pawl  hub  secured  to  tool  rod  and  means  car- 
ried by  pawl  hub  adapted  to  intermittently  engage 
ratche:  barrel. 

Smelting  Furnace.—  No.  742.406:  O.  H.  ElieL  La- 
Dl 


-  -  melting  furnace  retort  construction  which  con- 
sists in  tube  having  bore  open  at  both  ends  in  com- 
bination with  stopper  adapted  to  pass  into  and  close 
bore  at  distance  from  end  and  having  cup-shaped 
flange  projecting  laterally  over  bore  and  provided 
-.'.  adapted  to  close  over  end  of  tube. 


SUPPORTING   ANI>   CONVETTNG    APPARATUS    FOR    ORE 

Scrapers.— No.  742.436:    G.    H.    Hulett.    Cleveland 
Ohio. 


Combination  with  girder  and  scraper  frame  or  leg 
of  boom  hinged  to  forward  end  of  girder  and  hinged  at 
other  end  to  scraper  frame  and  equalizing  bar 
posed  parallel  with  boom  and  hinged  at  its  respective 
ends  to  girder  and  scraper  frame. 


N'hvkmbeb  7,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


308 


Mining  Summary. 

SPKCIAM.V    CoMPILBD    AND    RKPOHTKO    lt>B  TBI 

Minim,  ami  SciKNTinc  Phkss. 


Tin-  annual   report   of  t li» •   Din 
|be  Mint  Bhows   the  following  ia  approxi- 
distribution  by  producing  Statosand 
afgold  and  silver  in  the  United 
States  for  calendar  year  1902: 

value. 
Alabama 

Alii»kn  -.:ii.->  -j»> 

1.112,300  8,031,518 

i.ia  11  792  100 

Colorado  38.168.70O         -Ju.juT.MO 

07.HW  .S.5I7 

1,157.000  7,500,812 

Maryland  2,500 

all  257 

Montana  1,847.000  17. 1S1.-JU7 

2,SHS.auo  1.818.672 

ilco  581,191  501,187 

North  Carolina  wi,7iki  87,028 

Oregon  1,816,700  180,080 

South  Carolina  121,000  838 

South  Dakota  6,005,100  480,855 

.!.■  .  15,805 

Tejas  ....  570,005 

Buh  ..     ■        8,504,500  14,004,622 

8,100  7,208 

Washlouton  872,800  wn.ra 

WyomlnK  -  -  M84 


Totals  •70,060,031        S71.757.575 

Tin'  number  of  fine  ounces  of  gold  is 
riven  at  3,870,000,  and  of  silver  55,500,000. 
This  is  an  increase  of  64,500  ounces  of  gold 
pared  with  1901,  and  an  increase- of 
886,000  ounces  of  silver.  The  total  value 
of  tin-  silver  produced  is  $29,415,000.  as 
against  $71,757,575,  its  coinage  value. 

The  estimate  of  the  Director  of  the 
Mini  of  the  world's  production  of  gold 
ver  for  the  calendar  year  1902  is: 
Cold,  total  value  $295,889,000;  silver, 
Mining  value,  $215,861,800.  Follow  are 
the  tiff  ores  for  some  of  the  leading  coun- 

Silver,  Coin- 
Gold.  Value,     ing  Value. 
Doited  States  wi.ooo.ooo      *7i.757.600 

Mexico  10,163,100         77,804,100 

Canada  ai.7ii.-2oo         5,564,600 

Africa         ..    -  nii.iei.700         

Australia                                           81.578.SHI  10,377.100 

Russia                                28,533,400  205,200 

Austrla-Hunearj                      8,171,300  2.432,200 

5.300  1,246,800 

Spain                                        -         10,200  4.781.100 

1.100,500 

Bolivia                                  .    ...           4.700  16.708.600 

Chile                                         575.200  4,611.600 

Colombia                      8,522,600  2,297,000 

Brazil 6,904,600         

(iiiinna  (British)  1.808,600  

Qulana  (French)  ...    2.420.200         

Peru  ...     2.326.100  5,313,700 

al  America 2,001,900  1,255,800 

Japan                 1,287.000  505,000 

China    .  8.731.800  

I'un-I       3.500,000  

British  India 9,588,100  

British  East  Indies 1,027,100 

As  compared  with  1901,  these  figures 
show  an  increase  in  the  production  of  gold 
of  1,557,914  ounces  and  a  decrease  of 
8,042,934  ounces  in  the  production  of  sil- 
ver. During  the  year  Africa  increased 
her  gold  production  from  429,704  ounces 
to  1,887,773  ounces,  and  Australia  in- 
creased her  gold  production  to  $81,578,000, 
which  is  over  $1,500,000  in  excess  of  the 
production  of  the  United  States,  which 
again  takes  second  place. 

ALASKA. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  Miocene 
Ditch  Co.  of  Nome  has  its  water  system 
in  operation.  The  main  ditch,  which  is 
over  30  miles  long,  and  taps  Nome  river, 
is  8  to  12  feet  in  width  and  has  a  capacity 
of  300(1  miner's  inches.  This,  with  the 
branch  lines,  comprises  over  40  miles  of 
ditch.  This  system  covers  the  district  of 
Dexter,  Anvil,  Glacier  and  Snow  Gulch 
creeks,  and  the  adjoining  bench  mines. 
A  number  of  these  mines  require  hydraulic 
gravel  elevators  to  work  them.  The  M 
ocene  Co.  installed  four  elevators  on  An- 
vil and  Glacier  creeks  this  season,  and 
will  take  in  six  of  a  larger  pattern  next 
year. 

In  the  Council  district  there  has  been 
much  activity.  C.  D.  Lane  &  Co.  com- 
pleted one  ditch  system  on  Ophir  creek, 
and  several  gravel  elevators  were  put  in 
operation  there.  These  older  districts 
are  getting  into  shape  for  successful  min- 
ing, wThile  the  outlying  districts  are  also 
becoming  active.  It  has  been  shown  that 
the  gold-bearing  gravels  of  the  Seward 
peninsula  require  construction  of  ditches 
to  make  them  producers. 

Nome,  October  10. 

The  Alaska  Mine  Owners  and  Operators 
have  organized  at  Juneau,  with  .1.  Mac- 
Donald,  F.  C.  Hammond,  B.  M.  Behrends, 
G.  E.  Bent  and  W.  B.  Hoggatt  as  officers, 
to  promote  the  mining  interests  of  Alaska. 

The  plant  of  the  Rodman  bay  mines  at 
Rodman  bay,  near  Juneau,  has  been  shut 
down.  It  is  reported  the  money  has  given 
out.  A  wharf  was  erected,  a  sawmill 
built,  7  miles  of  railroad  laid  from  the 
dock  to  the  mine  and  a  120-stamp  mill 
built,  and  800  feet  of  tunnel  driven. 

So  much  rain  has  fallen  during  the  last 
of  October  that  the  Treadwell  M.  Co.'s 
ditch,  near  Douglas,  has  overflowed, 
making   it   necessary   to  open   the   flood 


gates  and   fire  hydrants   to    relieve  the 

■-.  says  the  Juneau  Dispatch       The 
mines,   too,   are    feeling    it.   tbe  _Jo-f,„,t 

level  having  3  feet  of  water.    Thi    0 i 

ban  -"it  greatlj  retarded  work,  i 

ARIZONA. 

QUa  County. 

The  consolidation  of  the  United  Globe 
mines,   owned   bj   Phelps,   Dodge 
with    the   old    Dominion    ('.   M.  (  . 
ported  closed.    In  consideration    of   the 
issue  to  them  of  130,000  shares  of  stock 
Phelps.  Dodge  &  Co.  transfer  theii 
mining  property  to  the  Old  Do 
and  also  pay  $350,000  in  cash.    Thi 
ment  carries  with  it  control  and  the  Old 
Dominion   will   be    known    as    a    Phelps- 
Dodge   company.     The    president    of   the 
consolidated  company  is  J,  Douglas,  with 
C.   S.    Smith    vice-president    and   C.    H. 
Altmiller  treasurer.     The   offices    of    the 
company   will   remain    in    Boston.      One 
smelting  plant  will  be  erected  for  both 
properties  at  Globe. 

Graham   County. 

The  New  England  C.  Co.  and  the  Clif- 
ton Con.  C.  Co.  at  Clifton  have  been  con- 
solidated under  the  name  of  the  New 
England  &  Clifton  Con.  C.  Co. 

Maricopa  County. 

(Special  Correspondence).  —  The  Gila 
Gold  Lode  Co.  has  men  doing  development 
work  on  the  group  in  the  White  Tank 
mountains  north  of  Buckeye.  The  ore  is 
free  milling,  and  a  stamp  mill  will  be  built'. 
Water  available  for  mill  use  has  been 
struck  in  sinking  a  shaft  on   one  of  the 

claims. J.  G.  Hardin  says  he  has  put 

on  more  men  at  his  gold  and  copper  mine 
near  New  river  to  increase  development 

work. The   Mormon  Girl  mill  at  Cave 

creek  is  being  put  in  shape  for  operating. 
There  are  twenty-five  men  at  work  in  the 
Mormon  Girl  mine  taking  out  ore. 

Donofrio  &  Eddie  are  working  on  their 
property  near  Frog  Tanks  and  are  con- 
sidering   reduction   works. H.    Welch 

and  W.  Dunn  are  supplying  the  mill  at 
Buckeye  with  ore  from  their  claims  in  the 
White  Tank  mountains. At  the  Flem- 
ing mine,  near  Cave  creek,  it  is  proposed 
to  build  a  stamp  mill,  as  considerable  high 
grade  free  milling  ore  is  on  the  dump  and 
development  is  progressing. 

The  lessees  of  the  Vulture  dump  near 
Wickenburg  expect  to  have  their  cyanide 
plant  in  operation  this  week.  These  tail- 
ings have  been  cyanided  before. 

G.  Hamlin,  of  the  Relief  mine,  15  miles 
north  of   Peoria,  says  they  are  preparing 

to  put  in  a  10-stamp  mill. The  Pike's 

Peak  G.  M.  Co.  will  resume  operations  on 
its  group  west  of  Frog  Tanks.  E.  Hew- 
ins  is  superintendent.  A  pump  will  be 
put  in  to  unwater  the  deepest  shaft. 

J.  H.  McCabe  has  bought  the  Wicken- 
burg smelter  and  removed  it  to  his 
property  north  of  Phoenix.  This  is  not 
the  smelter  built  at  Wickenburg  this 
summer,  which  is  in  operation. 

The  Arizona  M.  &  Dev.  Co.  expects  to 
begin  work  near  Morristown  this  week. 
They  have  bought  the  Ryland,  or  Black 
Jack  mine.  This  was  formerly  a  producer 
of  silver-lead  ores. 

The  La  Gloria  Co.  is  operating  in  the 
White  Tank  mountains  south  and  west  of 
Beardsley.  They  have  built  a  wagon 
road    from   their  property  to  Beardsley, 

the   railroad   station. It    is    reported 

that  J.  L.  Slusher,  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  has 
bought  the  Anglesite  mine  near  Hot 
Springs  Junction. G.  Carguile  is  work- 
ing his  claims  in  the  Cave  creek  district. 
The  ore  is  free  milling. 

Wickenburg.  Nov.  2. 

Mohave  County. 

At  Mineral  Park,  Superintendent  J. 
Detar  of  the  Queen  Bee  mine,  says  the 
Keystone  group  of  mines  has  been  taken 
over  by  the  Queen  Bee  M.  Co.,  who  will 
put  in  a  hoisting  plant  on  the  White  Cop- 
per mine,  covering  the  copper  outcrop 
near  the  Mineral  Park  mill,  and  a  shaft 
will  be  sunk  to  depth  of  several  hundred 
feet.  The  company  will  also  start  work 
on  the  Keystone  mine. 

The  hoisting  plant  for  the  Treasure 
Hill  M.  Co.,  near  Kingman,  is  being  set 
up.  The  shaft  is  down  140  feet  and  it  is 
proposed  to  sink  it  to  200  feet,  and  then 
crosscut  the  Dictionary  and  Time  Check 
veins.  One  of  the  veins  on  the  surface 
carries  high  values  in  silver. 
Pinal   County. 

W.  S.  Fletcher,  having  bought  the 
Weedin-Bouviolle  lead-silver  mines  at 
Mineral  Hill,  known  as  the  Golden  Quiver 
group,  will  build  a  60-ton  smelting  plant 
on  the  Gila  river,  near  Florence,  for  the 
treatment  of  ores  of  said  group  and  also 
for  treatment  of  gold  concentrates  and 
gold  ores,  which  he  will  ship  from  his  gold 
mines  in  Mohave  county,  says  the  Flor- 
ence Blade.  There  is  a  5-stamp  mill  on 
one  of  the  gold  claims  and  this  will  be  con- 
verted into  a  concentrating  plant. 
Yavapai  County. 

The  United  Verde  C.  Co.  of  Jerome  will 


build  coke  inn,,  of  capacity  of  loo  stand- 
ard gauge  cars  at  Jerome  Junction.  Ma- 
terial for  an  oil  tank  i-  on  the  ground. 
The  tank  will  have  a  capacity  of  178,000 
gallons. 

H.  B.    Fowler,  of    Mayer,  of  the    Rigby 
Seduction  Co.,  says  the  plant  to  be 
parity  of  loo  tons  per  day   will  be  read] 
bo  reduce  ore  by  Jan.  1st.    He  expects   to 
save  all   the  gold   and  -^--  er,  and 
the  copper. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Auiuilor  County. 

The  last  annual  report  of  the  Oneida 
mine,  near  Jackson,  snows  that  tbe  mine 
has  been  operated  at  a  profit  the  pasl 
year. 

Calaveras  County. 

At  the  Forty-nine  mine  at  Douglas 
Flat  a  steam  plant  ha*  been  put  in,  and  is 
in  operation,  as  they  had  only  water 
enough  to  keep  the  pumps  running. 

El  Dorado  County. 

The  El  Dorado  Republican  say-  the 
Sierra  M.  Co.  of  Arizona  has  bought  the 
Mt.  Hope  group  of  mines  near  Grizzly 
Flat. 

F.  B.  Norton  of  Auburn,  Placer  county, 
owning  asbestos  deposits  in  El  Dorado 
county,  proposes  to  make  firebricks  by 
grinding  up  the  fiber  and  then  moulding 
it  under  pressure. 

Fresno  County. 

The  Pennsylvania  Oil  M.  &  Dev.  Co., 
Commercial  Petroleum  Co.,  and  Section 
Seven  Oil  Co.,  each  began  drilling  addi- 
tional wells  last  week  at  Coalinga. The 

Pleasant  Valley  S.  F.  Co.  spudded  in  its 
No.  2  last  week.  No.  1  well  is  in  the  sand. 
The  Giant  Oil  Co.  has  been  reorgan- 
ized as  the  Coalinga-Banner  Oil  Co. 

Kern  County. 

The  California-Kern  Oil  Co.  last  week 
broke  ground  for  its  refinery  at  Kern 
river,  near  Bakersfield.  The  plant  will 
be  on  the  property  leased  from  the  Grace, 
adjoining  the  Petroleum  Dev.  Co.  and  the 
Junction.  The  property  has  several  com- 
pleted wells. 

-  At  Sunset  the  Monarch  Oil  Co.  has  two 
strings  of  tools  in  operation,  and  is  ar- 
ranging to  put  in  machinery  for  five  more 
rigs. 

The  Pinmore  5-stamp  mill  at  Johan- 
nesburg was  destroyed  by  fire  on  the  31st 
ult.  The  fire  is  thought  to  have  been  of 
incendiary  origin.  The  property  was 
owned  by  the  Croesus  M,  Co.,  and  was 
leased  to  W.  F.  Earnst  and  A.  C.  Nelson, 
who  were  operating  it. 

Madera  County. 

The  plant  at  the  Gambetta  mine,  at 
Grub  Gulch,  is  being  increased  by  addi- 
tion of  machinery  from  the  Garibaldi  mine 
on  Bull  creek,  Mariposa  county.  When 
completed,  the  change  will  give  the  Gam- 
betta twenty  stamps  and  two  Huntington 
mills.  The  working  force  is  to  be  in- 
creased. Sinking  below  the  800-foot  level 
is  progressing.  The  property  includes  the 
Josephine  mine,  worked  to  a  depth  of  300 
feet.    J.  E.  Porter  is  superintendent. 

Mariposa  County. 

The  Armstrong  mine,  near  Indian 
gulch,  will  be  opened.  This  mine  is  owned 
by  R.  M.  Hotaling  of  San  Francisco  and 
U.  Roy  of  Merced.  They  will  repair  the 
56-foot  shaft,  and  put  in  a  hoisting  plant. 

W.  M.  Darling  of  Alameda  says  opera- 
tions are  being  resumed  at  his  Copper  Hill 
mine,  near  the  Armstrong  mine,  near  In- 
dian gulch.  He  has  a  shaft  down  60  feet 
and  will  sink  to  100  feet. 

The  Pocahontas  mine  at  Whiterock, 
owned  by  J.  Waller  of  Le  Grand,  is  being 
worked  by  C.  and  S.  Wilcox  of  White- 
rock.     They  are  shipping  high-grade  ore. 

A  strike  is  reported  on  the  Barley  Field 
mine,  near  Mariposa. 

The  discovery   of  copper  ore,  carrying 
gold  and  silver,  is  reported  made  near  the 
Hotaling  ranch,  near  Indian  Gulch. 
Mono  County. 

The  New  Bodie  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated at  Provo,  Utah,  bv  C.  E.,  W.  D. 
&  W.  A.  R.  Loose,  R.  Smoot  and  J.  R. 
Twelves.  C.  E.  Loose  is  president.  The 
company  owns  a  group  near  Bodie,  includ- 
ing the  Cluff,  Arthur,  Sunshine,  Eva, 
Hillside,  Coarse  gold  mining  claims  and 
the  Miners'  millsite  and  water  rights. 

Nevada  Couuty. 

The  Huron  and  Red  Cross  mines,  near 
Omega,  which  have  been  consolidated 
and  have  arranged  to  use  electricity  for 
power  an  I  lighting,  will  be  ,  supplied  by 
the  Central  California  Electric  Power  Co. 
from  Alta.  About  200  H.  P.  will  be  re- 
quired.    The  line  will  be  9  miles  long. 

Plumas  County. 

W.  D.  Lawton,  superintendent  of  the 
Plumas  Mines,  Ltd.,  in  North  canyon, 
near  Greenville,  says  he  has  seventy-five 
men  at  work,  and  he  expects  to  have  the 
mill  in  operation  this  week.  The  mine  is 
on  north  side  of  North  canyon,  below  the 
Round  Valley  reservoir. 


*  .  ii  Diego  County. 

In  the  Superior  Courl  on  the   2nd  inst.. 
R.    <  >.    Butterfield   began    actional 
tbe  American   Lithlaand  Chemical 
of  New  York,  et  al.  for  annullment 
tain  deeds  ami   transfers  to  the  lepii 
and    am  mines  at    Pals.      It  is 

I  by  Butterfield  that  W.  H.Crane 
has  received  transfer  for  property,  bas 
formed  the  corporation  and  has  deeded 
the  property  to  the  corporation  without 
doing  any  of  the  other  things  promised 
and  without  making  returns  to   th. 

:..■!•-. 

The  mill  at  Cuyamaca  on  the  Stonewall 
mine  has  been  started  up  after  several 
years  of  idleness.  The  mine  is  opened  to 
a  depth  of  600  feet,  though  it 
flooded  for  ten  year.-.  It  i-  intended  to 
unwater  the  mine  and  prospect  it  to 
greater   depth.     The   quartz  occurs    as 

list.      II.  S.  Lucas   is  manager. 
The  mine   was  a   large   producer  in    the 

The  gold  mines   near  Banner  are  being 

ped. The  main  shaft  of  the  Ran- 

chita  mine,  near  Banner,    is    being  retim- 

bered. The  Helvetia  mine,  near  Julian, 

is  sinking  a  new  shaft — now  down  105  feet. 
- — It  is  reported  that  lithia  mica  (lapido- 
litci  lias  lii-eti  ,li-<-iivei-ed  near  the  San 
Felipe  on  the  border  of  the  Colorado  des- 
ert, about  10  miles  from  Banner. 

Santa  Clara  County. 

The  Watson ville  Oil  Co.  have  perfor- 
ated two  strata  of  sand  at  well  No.  3  on 
the  .Sargent  ranch,  near  BargentB,  strik- 
ing oil.  which  gushed  tn  height  of  60  feet. 
It  is  estimated  the  well  will  furnish  20 J 
barrels  per  day. 

Shasta  Coniuy. 

The  Mountain  Copper  Co.  at  Keswick 
will  send  to  the  St.  Louis  Exposition  a 
mass  of  copper  ore  which  weigh-  1000 
pounds.  It  was  taken  from  the  mine  this 
week  and  shows  native  copper.  An  iron 
stand  is  being  made  on  which  the  speci- 
men will  be  set. 

Shipments  of  gold-bearing  quartzose  ore 
for  treatment  at  the  Keswick  smelter  are 
being  made  by  mines  in  Salt  Creek  dis- 
trict. A  train,  consisting  of  twenty-two 
standard-gauge  cars,  was  hauled  by  the 
Southern  Pacific  from  the  Middle  Creek 
station,  2  miles  north  of  Redding,  last 
week.  This  shipment  included  ore  from 
the  Mountain  Lion  mine,  the  Paulsen, 
Hiatt  and  Kembler  mines,  the  Connor  and 
the  Muchmore  mines.  Seven  cars  of  as- 
sorted ore  remained  on  the  platform 
awaiting  shipment.  Fifty  cars  of  ore  were 
shipped  during  the  week. 

Sierra  County. 

Superintendent  Finney  of  the  Tele- 
graph mine  at  Fir  Cap  says,  owing  to  the 
improvement  in  the  values  of  the  ledge, 
the  10-stamp  mill  will  be  increased. 

Siskiyou  County. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  mining 
suit  of  Music  vs.  Tetherow  has  been  com- 
promised for  $1000  cash  and  $2000  without 
interest,  payable  September,  1904.  At 
the  Know-nothing  mine,  Superintendent 
Roberts  has  opened  up  ore  and  repaired 
one  battery  of  four  s'amps.  He  intends 
to  begin  crushing  this  week.  Later  both 
4-stamp  batteries  will  be  put  in  operation. 

C.  P.  Richards  has  leased  part  of  J.  D. 
Hubbard's  cyanide  plant  at  Rollin  and  is 
setting  it  up  at  the  Black  Bear  mine  to 
work  up  a  dump  of  mill  tailings  below  the 
mill.  Superintendent  J.  Daggett  of  Black 
Bear  will  resume  operations  at  the  mine 
next  week. 

The  Yreka  M.  &  M.  Co.  has  shut  down 
its  mine  and  plant  indefinitely.  The  com- 
pany has  annually  lost  part  of  its  prop- 
erty through  lawsuits  and  has  little  left 
to  operate  on. 

Superintendent  W.  H.  Young  of  the 
King  Solomon  mine  has  let  contracts  for 
several  hundred  feet  of  tunnel  to  open  up 
new  ground.  After  this  is  done,  they  will 
put  in  a  milling  plant. 

Rollins,  Nov.  2. 

The  Van  Brunt  (Ah  Ock)  mines,  near 
Happy  Camp,  near  Yreka,  are  yielding 
returns,  says  Superintendent  D.  J.  Jack- 
son, and  development  work  will  be  in- 
creased.   The    McKean   quartz  mine. 

near  Callahans,  has  been  shut  down  for 
the  season,  and  work  will  be  resumed  in 
the  spring. 

Trinity  County. 

The  work  of  running  the  tunnel  from 
Bear  creek  through  the  mountains  to  the 
Globe  mines,  near  Weaverville,  is  pro- 
gressing. There  is  still  1000  feet  to  run 
before  it  will  be  completed.  The  tunnel  is 
being  run  to  work  the  Globe  from  the 
Bear  creek  side,  fuel  and  water  being 
easily  obtainable  at  that,  point. 

The  Enterprise  mines  on  east  fork  of 
Trinity  river,  near  Weaverville,  are  being 
developed.  The  lower  tunnel  on  the  Lone 
Jack  mine  is  in  1200  feet,  says  the  Journal, 
with  an  ore  shoot  700  feet  long.  The 
vein  is  from  2  to  3  feet  wide,  and  averages 
$8  per  ton.  In  the  Enterprise  a  vein  6 
feet  wide  runs  $15  per  ton.     A  recent  test 


309 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


run  during  a  month  returned  $4500  in  the 
10-stamp  mill.  M.  Mauley  is  superinten- 
dent. 

The  dredger   on  Weaver    creek,   near 
Weaverville,    is    to    resume    operations, 
under  direction  of  E.  A.  Wakeman. 
Tuolumne  County. 

The  mill  at  the  Golden  Era  mine,  near 
Columbia,  has  been  repaired  and  put  in 
operation. Sinking  on  the  vein  con- 
tinues at  the  Altadena  mine. 

Operations  have  been  resumed   at   the 

Doyle  gravel    mine,   near  Columbia. 

O.  M.  Rising  has  bought  the  Rising  Sun, 
New  Discovery  and  Senorita  quartz 
claims  near  Arastraville,  near  Soulsby- 
ville. 

The  Providence  mine,  3  miles  from  Car- 
ters, is  working  steadily,  employing  forty 
men. 

The  Doyle  drift  mine,  near  Columbia,  is 
working,  says  the  Sonora  Banner,  twelve 

men   being  employed   on   contract. A 

shortage  in  the  water  supply  has  tied  up 
a  number  of  mines  in   this  county  and 

others  are    running   on    short   time. 

O.  M.  Rising  has  bought  the  Rising  Sun 
and  Senm-ita  quartz  mines   at   Arrastra- 

ville. It  is  reported   the  Niehol  Bros. 

are  to  resume  work  on  their  mine  on  the 
Yost  ranch,   1  mile  south  of   Soulsbyville. 

COLORADO. 

(Special  Correspondence). — The  ma- 
chinery and  supply  houses  of  Denver 
report  an  increase  in  business.  A 
large  portion  of  their  trade  is  coming 
from  outside  of  the  State,  but  matters 
are  looking  better  in  Colorado  than  for 
some  time.  The  strike  has  not  been 
settled  and  there  is  no  likelihood  of  the 
operators  making  or  receiving  any  over- 
tures for  settlement,  as  they  seem  to  be 
able  to  run  without  aid  of  the  Western 
Federation.  A  considerable  number  of 
the  striking  miners  have  left  Cripple 
Creek  district  and  their  places  are  being 
filled  by  others  coming  in.  The  mills 
throughout  the  district  are  starting  up. 

Denver,  Nov.  3. 

For  the  month  of  October  the  gold  re- 
ceipts at  the  Denver  branch  mint  aggre- 
gated $783,550.72,  as  compared  with 
$1,300,806.05  for  October,  1902.  The  de- 
cline is  traceable  to  the  closing  down  of 
the  mills  at  Colorado  City,  Florence  and 
Telluride. 

Boulder   County. 

The  Anchor  mine,  on  Bald  mountain, 
northwest  of  Caribou,  has  been  shipping 
ore  all  summer.  The  ore  is  a  copper-lead 
sulphide  carrying  gold  and  silver.  The 
vein  is  5  feet  wide,  with  a  pay  streak  18 
inches  wide.  The  company  last  week 
shipped  nine  tons,  which  netted  $1030. 
The  property  is  under  the  management  of 
C.  R.  Wolff  of  Boulder.  They  are  plan- 
ning to  put  in  additional  machinery. 

The  addition  of  Otero  No.  5  to  the  list  of 
oil  wells  sunk  in  the  Boulder  belt  near 
Boulder  raises  the  output  to  200  barrels 
per  day,  says  the  Eldora  Record.  The 
Otero  No.  5  is  pumping  sixty-seven  barrels 
per  day.  This  company  is  shipping  110 
barrels  daily;  the  Savannah  40  barrels, 
Boulder-Vaimont  10  barrels,  McKenzie  2 
barrels,  Boulder  Valley  and  Two  Ten  5 
barrels,  and  the  McAfee,  Wellington  and 
others  are  pumping  occasionally.  One  dol- 
lar per  barrel  is  received  from  the  United 
Oil  Co.  The  cost  of  pumping  is  nominal. 
The  last  Otero  well  is  1780  feet  deep  and 
cost  $3000. 

J.  P.  Clark,  manager  of  the  Corona  M. 
Co.,  which  operates  the  Black  Cloud 
mine,  near  Salina,  says  they  propose  to 
build  a  mill  to  treat  its  ore  at  the  mine 
instead  of  sorting  and  shipping  to  the 
smelters. 

Clear  Creek  County. 

C.  H.  Fogg  of  Boston,  Mass.,  has  re- 
sumed work  on  the  Gomez  mine,  on  Soda 
creek,  near  Idaho  Springs.  The  shaft  is 
down  220  feet  and  levels  have  been  driven. 
The  shaft  will  be  deepened. 

It  is  reported  the  Hyland  M.  &  M.  Co. 
will  build  a  mill  on  the  site  of  the  old 
Humphrey  mill  near  Idaho  Springs. 
Nothing  remains  of  the  Humphrey  mill 
but  the  building,  which  will  be  torn  down. 
The  Hyland  M.  &  M.  Co.  owns  a  group  of 
claims,  including  placer  and  mill  sites  and 
water  right.  The  work  under  way  for  the 
Hyland  consists  of  building  a  dam  and 
headgate  below  the  Stanley  power  house. 
The  spillway  will  be  56  feet  across  the 
creek.  A  steel  pipe  line  will  be  sub- 
stituted for  the  open  flume  formerly  used. 
The  flume  is  to  be  2500  feet  in  length  and 
will  have  a  head  of  30  feet. 

The  Con.  G.  &  S.  M.  Co.  has  its  Con- 
solidated Alpine  mill,  near  Idaho  Springs, 
running  full  time.  This  is  said  to  be  the 
only  mill  in  the  district  in  which  Frue 
vanners  are  used..  Manager  Crow  says 
tables  will  also  be  put  in. 

Superintendent  Babcock  of  the  South- 
ern M.,  M.  &  D.  Co.  says  operations  on 
the  group  recently  acquired  near  Argen- 
tine are  being  started.  In  addition  to  the 
Poor  Man's  Relief,  Evening  Star  and  four 
other  claims,  the  company  has  an   option 


on  a  number  of  claims  contiguous  to 
these.  A  tunnel  1000  feet  in  length  will 
cut  the  Evening  Star  and  Poor  Man's  Re- 
lief at  depth. 

Connections  have  been  made  by  the 
raise  from  the  tunnel  level  on  the  Wide 
West  mine,  near  Georgetown,  with  the 
upper  workings  of  that  property.  The 
raise  is  300  feet  in  length  and  connects 
with  a  drift  driven  from  the  bottom  of  the 
85-foot  shaft.  The  mine  is  owned  by  H. 
Seifried  of  Georgetown.  It  is  understood 
the  mine  will  hereafter  be  operated  under 
the  leasing  system,  says  the  Courier. 

C.  H.  Morris  is  resuming  operations  on 
the  Mexico  group  of  claims,  near  Silver 
Plume.  Considerable  development  work 
has  been  done.  As  the  tunnels  and  drifts 
are  in  some  distance,  ventilation  will  be 
obtained  by  making  connection  with  a 
shaft  sunk  on  one  of  the  veins  from  sur- 
face. 

Manager  Stevens  has  men  at  work  at 
the  Stevens  mine,  near  Silver  Plume,  on 
construction  of  concentrating  mill.  The 
mill  will  be  operated  by  steam,  as  water  is 
not  available  during  greater  part  of  year 
for  power  purposes.  The  mine  is  equipped 
with  steam  machinery.  The  mill  will  dif- 
fer from  the  Terrible  and  Mendota  mills, 
in  same  district,  as  no  jigs  will  be  used, 
concentration  being  effected  by  use  of 
tables. 

Custer  County. 

Superintendent  J.  Fitzgerald  of  the  P. 
&  O.  mine,  near  Westcliffe,  reports  at  500- 
foot  depth,  in  drifting,  a  lead  has  been 
struck  4  feet  in  width,  carrying  tellurides 
with  gold  and  silver  values.  Free  gold  is 
also  shown. 

El  Paso  County. 

The  directors  of  the  Golden  Cycle  M. 
Co.  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  operating  at  Crip- 
ple Creek,  have  decided  to  build  a  reduc- 
tion works  at  Colorado  City  to  cost  $300,- 
000.  The  cyanide  process  will  be  used. 
Manager  L.  E.  Hill  is  prospecting  the 
mill  site  for  a  water  supply.  The  Tellu- 
ride mill  adjoining  has  been  able  to  develop 
all  the  water  needed  by  the  plant  on  its 
own  ground.  The  site  for  the  reduction 
works  comprises  ninety-six  acres  south  of 
the  Telluride  mill,  between  the  Colorado 
Midland  tracks  and  the  Short  Line  spur. 
The  plans  are  being  drawn  for  the  plant, 
and  the  initial  capacity  will  be  300  tons  per 
day.  The  present  production  from  the 
Golden  Cycle  mine  is  150  tons  a  day.  The 
mill  will  employ  about  125  men  a  day,  and 
when  completed  Colorado  City  will  have 
five  reduction  works. 

Fremont  County. 

Twenty-six  carloads  of  machinery  have 
been  shipped  from  the  Metallic  mill,  north 
of  Florence,  to  Utah,  where  the  mill  will 
be  rebuilt  by  the  United  States  R.  &  R.  Co., 
near  its  DeLamar  group  of  low-grade  cop- 
per mines  at  Bingham.  There  remains 
but  a  few  carloads  of  the  dismantled  mill 
to  ship. 

Gilpin  County. 

The  concentrating  plant  of  the  Franklin 
Extraction  Co.,  on  North  Clear  creek, 
east  of  the  Black  Hawk  depot,  is  in  opera- 
tion. '  The  main  building  is  54x90  feet, 
and  equipment  includes  a  40  H.  P.  engine 
and  70  H.  P.  boiler,  with  twelve  concen- 
trating tables,  sizing  and  settling  tanks. 

Colorado  parties  have  a  lease  and  bond 
on  the  Pozo  property  in  Nevada  gulch, 
near  Central  City,  and  A.  W.  Rucker, 
superintendent,  is  unwatering  the  work- 
ings.   The  ores  carry  zinc  and  lead  values. 

McLeod  &  Brown,  of  Central  City,  have 
a  lease  and  bond  on  the  Quartz  Mill  lode, 
in  Leavenworth  gulch,  near  Central  City, 
and  have  started  sinking,  the  shaft  being 
down  80  feet.  They  report  a  streak  of 
copper-iron  and  lead  ore  coming  in  on 
the  hanging  wall  side.  They  have  a  whim 
for  hoisting. 

The  Avon  M.  Co.  is  building  a  tramway 
from  its  Avon  mill  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Boston  tunnel  on  Quartz  hill,  near  Cen- 
tral City,  and  the  ores  from  the  San 
Juan  mine  of  this  company  will  be  taken 
out  through  the  tunnel  and  trammed  to 
the  mill. 

Larimer  County. 

The  interests  of  the  Big  Creek  M.  Co., 
the  Big  Horn  M.  Co.,  the  Round  Top  M. 
Co.,  the  Pearl  Townsite  Co.,  and  other 
interests  in  and  around  Pearl,  near  the 
Wyoming  line,  have  been  consolidated 
under  one  management.  C.  G.  Knapp 
and  G.  W.  Beck  of  Chicago,  111.,  are  at 
the  head  of  the  merger  and  propose  to 
build,  a  smelter  at  Pearl. 

Mineral   County. 

The  Del  Monte  Leasing  Co.,  which  is 
working  the  New  York-Chance  and  Del 
Monte  mines  near  Creede,  is  shipping  3000 
tons  of  silver  ore  to  the  smelters  per  month. 

The  Commodore  mine,  which  adjoins 

the  New  York  on  the  south,  is  a  silver 
producer,  and  they  are  putting  on  addi- 
tional men  and  will  increase  its  output. 

At  the  mines  operated  by  the  Del  Monte 
Leasing  Co.  near  Creede,  Superintendent 
H.  Lees  says  he  will  increase  the  output. 


This  company  shipped  3000  tons  of  ore  in 
September,  and  has  ore  reserves  which 
will  enable  it  to  mine  from  4000  to  5000 
tons  per  month. 

C.  Miller,  manager  of  the  Amethyst 
mine  near  Creede,  says  Superintendent 
Ulman  will  increase  the  shipments. 
Creede  ores  are  said  to  be  in  demand  for 
fluxing  sulphide  ores  and  copper  matte, 
and  the  smelters  have  reduced  the  work- 
ing charges  until,  with  silver  at  60  cents 
an  ounce  or  better,  25-ounce  silver  can  be 
mined  at  a  profit. 

Ouray   County. 

The  Camp  Bird  M.  &  M.  Co.,  at  Camp 
Bird,  has  300  men  at  work.  This  number 
will  be  increased  when  the  shaft  being 
sunk  on  the  vein  some  distance  from  the 
portal  of  the  tunnel  to  add  to  the  stoping 
ground  is  completed. 

San  Juan  County. 

The  Gold  Prince  M.  Co.,  of  Maine,  has 
started  operations  at  its  group  in  Masto- 
don gulch.  They  will  build  tram  lines 
and  a  500-ton  mill  at  Animas  Forks,  near 
Silverton.  The  Gold  Prince  tunnel,  to 
cut  the  Sunnyside  Extension,  Mastodon 
and  other  veins  at  depths  varying  from 
500  to  1000  feet,  is  expected  to  be  produc- 
ing ore  by  next  June. 

Magnetic  separators  are  being  put  in  by 
Manager  Warner  at  the  Silver  Ledge 
mill  at  Chattanooga. 

San  Miguel  County. 

The  Keystone  Hydraulic  Co.  proposes 
additional  improvements  this  winter, 
after  the  water  supply  for  washing  pur- 
poses becomes  exhausted.  In  several 
places  above  the  gravel  pit,  where  the 
principal  work  is  done,  during  high  water 
the  river  overflows  its  banks  and  fills  the 
pit.  A  flume  will  be  built  to  carry  the 
water  past  these  places,  and  the  sluice 
line  from  the  pit  down  to  the  river  will  be 
remodeled.  Water  which  is  used  for 
hydraulicking  is  drawn  from  storage  res- 
ervoirs. As  soon  as  this  source  of  supply 
diminishes  the  sluices  will  be  cleaned  up. 
Summit  County. 

At  the  Monte  Cristo  group  on  Mount 
Quandary,  10  miles  from  Breckenridge, 
Manager  Cooper  of  the  Quandary  Moun- 
tain M.  &  M.  Co.  says  they  will  put  up  a 
milling  plant.  Much  of  the  upper  wall  of 
the  Monte  Cristo  vein  has  been  scored  off 
and  the  ore  has  been  left  so  that  it  can  be 
quarried  out.  The  ore  is  complex  and 
contains  gold,  silver,  iron,  lead,  copper, 
zinc  and  some  antimony.  The  mill  will 
have  capacity  for  treating  fifty  to  seventy- 
five  tons  per  day. 

G.  C.  Smith  of  Breckenridge  has  a  bond 
on  the  Northern  Star  lode  in  McCullough 
gulch  section.  The  property  is  on  McCul- 
lough mountain,  2  miles  from  the  mouth 
of  the  gulch,  near  the  Bondy  lode.-  An 
adit  tunnel  is  being  driven  in  on  a  2-foot 
pay  streak.  When  roughly  sorted,  the 
ore,  which  is  an  auriferous  iron  sulphide, 
with  some  copper,  is  reported  to  run  $60 
per  ton.  A  main  working  tunnel  will  be 
started  from  a  flat  500  feet  below  the  pres- 
ent tunnel. 

The  Senator  M.  &  M.  Co.'s  group  on 
North  Star  mountain,  in  upper  Biue  River 
district,  near  Breckenridge,  will  be  devel- 
oped by  a  tunnel,  which  will  start  on  right 
bank  of  Blue  river.  The  tunnel  will  be 
a  crosscut  for  several  hundred  feet  until 
the  vein  which  was  opened  in  the  tunnel 
above  is  cut,  and.  will  follow  the  vein. 
The  ore  is  an  iron  sulphide.  M.  M.  Howe 
is  superintendent. 

The  Morning  Star  and  Young  America 
lodes,  above  timber  line  on  Mount  Baldy, 
near  Breckenridge,  have  been  leased  for 
three  years  to  Mitchell,  Slingerland  & 
Case,  who  are  working  the  Double  Exten- 
sion group,  which  contains  extensions  of 
veins  to  southwest  of  Young  America  and 
Morning  Star  lodes.  Present  operations 
are  confined  to  driving  the  110-foot  tunnel 
of  the  Double  Extension  on  the  2-foot  pay 
streak.  The  vein  is  3i  feet  between  the 
walls,  which  are  trachyte.  It  is  esti- 
mated that  when  tunnel  enters  the  end  line 
of  Young  America  or  of  Morning  Star  it 
will  be  300  feet  below  surface.  The  ore  is 
said  to  run  $40  per  ton. 

Teller  County. 

The  Sunset-Eclipse  mine,  near  Cripple 
Creek,  is  shipping  ore  from  the  shoot  re- 
cently struck.  The  strike  was  made  1200 
feet  from  the  main  shaft. 

Near  Gillettt,  there  are  three  cyanide 
mills  in  operation,  two  in  course  of  con- 
struction and  others  being  planned,  says 
the  Cripple  Creek  Times.  The  Bedford 
M.  Co.,  which  owns  property  on  Cow 
mountain,  will  build  a  plant.  The  ores  of 
Trachyte,  Cow  and  Sheep  mountains  are 
amenable  to  cyanide  treatment. 

The  October  output  of  Cripple  Creek 
district  was  35,050  tons,  valued  at  $964,000. 
The  following  figures  obtained  from  the 
mills  and  smelters  show  a  net  gain  over 
the  preceding  month  of  12,900  tons,  with 
an  increased  valuation  of  $362,800.  Dur- 
ing month  of  September  the  production 
of  the  district  was  22,150  tons  at  total 
valuation  of  $601,200.     The  output  of  Oc- 


tober is  over  one-half  of  the  amount  pro- 
duced during  July,  when  all  the  mines  in 
the  district  were  running  with  full  crews 
and  there  was  no  labor  trouble  to  disturb 
them.     The  following  is  October  output: 

Plants.                                                Tons.  Total. 

U.  S.  R.  &  R.  Co 12,000  $300,000 

Portland 9.300  255.750 

Smelters 3,500  310,000 

Dorcas 2,500  03,750 

Telluride  2,000  50,000 

Economic 1,500  37,500 

Globe 3,600  10,400 

Smaller  plants,  including  cyanide 

mills 1,060  6,600 

Totals 35,050       8964,000 

The  Stratton  mining  properties  at 
Cripple  Creek  will  be  reopened  for  leas- 
ing this  week,  says  the  Gazette.  This  is 
regarded  as  an  indication  that  the  execu- 
tors consider  the  Cripple  Creek  strike 
over,  inasmuch  as  the  executors  with- 
drew all  lands  from  leasing  with  the  be- 
ginning of  the  labor  troubles.  When 
leasing  was  suspended  the  executors  were 
letting  out  the  Globe  hill  properties  and 
had  allotted  half  a  dozen  blocks  of  ground 
near  Poverty  gulch.  The  remaining  ter- 
ritory on  Globe  and  Gold  hills  was  divided 
into  150  blocks.  The  plan  announced  was 
that  the  executors  would  lease  out  the 
Globe  and  Gold  hill  holdings  before  open- 
ing the  Bull  hill  holdings  for  leasing. 

It  is  reported  the  El  Paso  mine  at 
Cripple  Creek  has  made  a  strike  in  the 
500-foot  level.  Four  feet  of  ore  averaging 
$50  per  ton  has  been  opened  in  the  vein 
near  its  junction  with  the  C.  K.  &  N. 
vein,  which  comes  into  the  main  work- 
ings from  the  west.  The  El  Paso  Co. 
shipped  1000  tons  of  ore  in  October,  half 
of  which  was  sent  out  in  the  last  teu  days. 
The  drainage  tunnel  is  being  advanced  to 
penetrate  the  eruptive  area  of  the  district 
as  quickly  as  possible  in  order  to  open  a 
larger  flow  of  water.  At  present  the  tun- 
nel is  making  300  gallons  a  minute,  and 
the  several  workings  of  the  El  Paso  1600 
gallons.  By  the  terms  of  the  drilling  con- 
tract the  El  Paso  Co.  has  to  drive  the 
northeast  lateral  of  the  tunnel  beyond  the 
El  Paso  shaft  until  1000  gallons  of  water 
are  made,  or  until  1500  feet  in  distance 
have  been  accomplished.  This  lateral 
has  been  driven  955  feet  and  is  progress- 
ing at  the  rate  of  8  feet  a  day.  The  tun- 
nel is  lowering  the  water  at  the  rate  of  1 
foot  a  week  in  the  Elkton  and  Mary  Mc- 
Kinney  mines. 

The  manager  of  the  Eagle  sampler  says 
he  is  receiving  more  ore  than  he  can 
handle  with  one  shift.  This  sampler  is 
crushing  at  rate  of  225  tons  a  day.  An- 
other shift  will  be  started  next  week. 

There  is  employed  on  the  Stratton's  Inde- 
pendence,  Ltd.,  on  Battle  mountain,  400 

men,  who  are  working  in  two  shifts. 

Increased  shipments  are  going  out  from 
the  district,  and  it  is  thought  that  by 
Dec.  1  the  production  of  the  camp  will  be 
back  to  its  old  figures.  A  number  of  new 
leases  are  being  granted  by  members  of 
the  Mine  Owners'  Association,  and  in 
every  case  they  contain  a  clause  to  the 
effect  that  miners  employed  on  the  prop- 
erty shall  not  be  members  of  the  W.  F. 
M.  If  this  clause  is  not  adhered  to  the 
lease  will  be  canceled. 

IDAHO. 

Bear  Lake   County. 

J.  Richardson  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
reports    developing  a    group   of  copper- 
bearing  prospects  near  Montpelier. 
Custer  County. 

P.  L.  Fearn,  manager  of  the  White 
Knob  C.  Co.,  reports  the  smelter  running 
steadily,  handling  300  to  350  tons  of  ore  a 
day.  It  is  turning  out  15,000  pounds  of 
copper  daily,  800  ounces  of  silver  and  20 
ounces  of  gold. 

Idaho  County. 

A.  C.  Jamieson,  of  Spokane,  Wash.,  has 
bought  for  Eastern  and  Seattle  parties  the 
Tip  Top  and  Solo  mining  claims  in  Buffalo 
Hump  district.  Men  have  been  put  on 
development  work. 

L.  Schissler  reports  cleaning  up  $280  in 
gold  bullion,  the  result  of  a  two  days'  run 
with  a  prospecting  mill  on  the  N.  P.  mine 
at  Newsome  creek,  near  Stites.  The 
cleanup  came  from  six  tons  of  ore. 

The  Jumbo  mill,  at  Buffalo  Hump,  is  in 
steady  operation  with  satisfactory  results. 
The  clean-up  at  the  end  of  thirty  days' 
run  is  reported  to  have  yielded  $14,000  in 
gold,  being  $1000  for  each  stamp. 

The  Granite  M.  &  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  has 
been  incorporated  at  Lewiston  by  C.  R. 
Osmers,  E.  and  J.  N.  Mounce,  T. 
Parks,  C.  C.  Phillips,  J.  F.  Atkinson  and 
W.  J.  White.  The  company  owns  three 
claims  in  Buffalo  Hump  district.  The 
ground  is  near  the  Big  Buffalo  mine.  De- 
velopment will  begin  this  week. 

Ia  nihi  County. 

H.  G.  King,  president  of  the  Winnie  M. 
Co.,  reports  work  progressing  on  the  Win- 
nie mine in  Spring  mountain  district,  south 
of  Fort  Lemhi.  He  is  blocking  the  ore 
body  which  carries  galena.  An  aerial 
tramway  has  been  built. 


November  7,   1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


310 


OWJ  lice  Con  my. 

The  shaft   of   the   Afterthought  mini', 
near  Silver  (  "it  y.  has  reached  tin-    t."iu-i'i...i 
mark,  and  they  are  cutting  a  station  pre- 
t  y  to  drifting  on  the  ledge. 
Shoshone  County. 

A  strike  is  reported  made  in  the  shaft 
of  the  King  mine,  near  Murray.  last  week. 
Tin'  tedge  i-  1  fool  wide,  oarrying  free  gold 
and  auriferous  sulphides. 

It  is  reported  a  mil)  i.-  proposed  for  the 
(>.  K.  niin.'.  near  Wardner.  owned  by  K. 
O'.N'cill  Of  Walla.'.-  and   A.    Burch    of    SpO- 

kane.  Wash.  Over  3200  feet  of  devetop- 
ment  has  been  done.  On  the  225-foot 
I. jvel   i  be  ore  shoot    was   opened  tor  300 

feet  and  a  raise  <>f  1ST  feet  mad.,  through 
in-.'  to  an  upper  tunnel.  The  company 
then  s;mk  to  the  4on-foot  level,  crosscut 
to  the  ledge,  and  opened  an  ore  shoot  60 
feet  long.     Drifting  is  under  way. 

The    Frisco    mine  and   mill  at  Gem  are 
:d  down  indefinitely. 

A  company  has  been  organized  at  Wal- 
lace by  i'\  1''.  Johnson,  C.  C.  Titus,  H.  .T. 
Rossi,  J.  C.  McDairmid,  ('.  1).  Jones,  H. 
K.  Howes.  .1.  W.  Tabor  and  J.  L.  Batter- 
-i  m'  to  take  over  the  Douglas  group  in  Pine 

t.'t k    district.      Preparations  are  being 

made  for  dc\  elopment  .1  tiring  the  winter. 
The  Douglas  has  loon  feet  of  tunnels 
oponing  it  to  depth  of  400  feet.  The  low- 
est tunnel  was  driven  HOO  feet  on  the 
ledge  and  the  ore  sboot  averaged  3  feet 
wide.  Assays  show  25  ounces  in  silver 
and  28%  lead.  The  company  plans  to 
sink  200  feet  at  200  feet  from  the  mouth. 
There  are  seven  claims  in  the  group. 

The  option  held  by  G.  Turner  on  an 
undivided  three-eights  interest  in  all  the 
mining  claims  constituting  the  Mammoth 
group,  near  Wallace,  together  with  water 
rights  and  concentrators,  for  $1,500,01)0, 
was  closed  last  week  and  a  deed  of  trans- 
fer of  the  property  from  Turner  to  the 
Federal  M.  &  S.  Co.  was  filed.  This  con- 
veys the  interests  in  the  Mammoth,  not 
Originally  owned  by  the  Standard  M.  Co., 
and  makes  the  Federal  company  sole 
owner. 

Washington  County. 

The  cyanide  plant  near  Bear,  owned  by 
the  Salzer-Ford  M.  Co.,  is  reported  to 
have  been  destroyed  by  (ire  on  the  31st 
alt.  The  mill  had  been  running  at  full 
capacity. 

The  American  S.  &.  R.  Co.  has  taken 
over  a  group  of  five  claims  on  Iron  moun- 
tain, 26  mUes  from  "Weiser.  The  ores 
carry  gold  and  copper  values.  The  price 
is  reported  at  $150,000.  The  group  is  well 
developed. 

MICHIGAN. 

Houghton  Connty. 

Workmen  digging  in  a  water  pipe 
trench  in  West  Hancock  last  week  un- 
covered an  amygdaloid  lode,  with  copper 
values.  As  this  is  west  of  the  Hancock 
M.  Co.  property  the  find  is  thought  to  be 
a  new  lode. 

The  Calumet  &  Hecla  has  the  diamond 
drill  in  operation  on  the  Kearsarge  lode, 
1500  feet  south  of  the  exploratory  shaft 
started  by  the  company  on  that  lode  near 
Calumet.  An  extensive  system  of  ditch- 
ing is  being  put  in  by  the  Calumet  & 
Hecla  management  to  drain  the  swamp 
overlying  the  Kearsarge  lode,  in  the  east- 
ern part  of  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  terri- 
tory. The  ditches  were  started  at  the 
north  boundary,  near  the  Centennial  and 
Old  Colony,  and  are  3100  feet  southward, 
near  the  site  of  the  second  shaft  to  be 
started  on  this  lode.  The  men  who  were 
laid  off  through  the  accident  in  the  Red 
Jacket  shaft  are  engaged  in  this  work. 

The  Kraus  pneumatic  head,  set  up  at 

the  Mass  mill,  Keweenaw  Bay,  is  being 
tested  by  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  manage- 
ment. 

Keweenaw  Connty. 

The  management  of  the  Phoenix  mine 
at  Phoenix  is  arranging  for  additional  ore 
cars  with  the  Mineral  Range  railroad. 
The  west  vein  rock  house  is  finished. 
Double  shift  began  at  the  Phoenix  mill 
this  week,  day  shipments  being  from  the 
stock  pile  and  night  shipments  from  the 
rock  house.  The  stock  pile  shipments 
will  be  kept  up  until  the  rock  house  on 
the  St.  Clair  vein  is  completed   (Feb.  1st). 

Ontonagan  County. 

The  extension  of  the  Mineral  Range 
railroad  to  the  Michigan  mine  at  Rock- 
land has  been  completed  and  the  shipment 
of  Michigan  rock  to  the  Mass  mill  began. 

MISSOURI. 

Jasper  County. 

The  injunction  granted  in  the  Spring- 
field Federal  court  restraining  the  Big  Six 
M.  Co.  from  operating  their  plants  on  the 
S.  Duffleld  Mitchell  tract  near  Duenweg, 
is  in  effect  and  the  six  mills  are  shut 
down,  throwing  200  men  out  of  employ- 
ment. They  will  be  idle  till  after  Jan.  4, 
when  the  case  will  be  argued.  The  Big 
Six  Co.  is  composed  of  J.  W.  Allen  of 
Joplin,  S.  A.  Stuckey  and  S.  Chitwood  of 
Carthage. 

The  Gee  M.  &  M.   Co.,  of  Joplin,   has 


been  incorporated  bv  W.  P.  Groth,  ,.f  St 
Louis,  a.  w.  &  H.  E.  Gerhe,  of  Joplin. 

The  Mignonette  mine,  northwest  of<  !ar- 
thage,  is  accumulating  its  ore  in  tli. 

The  Hayseed   mines  near  Joplin,  under 

management  of  F.  M.  Webber,  are  turn- 
ing Out  seven  tons  of  ore  per  nine-hour 
shift.  They  have  high-grade  dirt,  ten 
tons  of  jack  having  been  obtained  in  one 
shift  from  thirty-six  tons  of  dirt.  They 
are  shipping.  A  100-ton  mill  will  be  built 
at  this  mine. 

I".    Sponable   has  a    lease    on  six    lotsal 
Alba  and  will    put    down  a  5x1    shaft  on  a 
drill  hole    in    which  a  .'10-foot  body  of  ore 
was  found.     He  proposes  to  build  a  mill. 
Newton  County. 

Eighty    acres   of  mineral   land,    2  miles 

north  of  Ritchie,  has  1 i  leased  to  I!.   A. 

Mooneyham.  J.  F.  Kemper,  C.  L.  Pulver, 
W.  Baker  and  C.  W.  Bowman  of  Car- 
thage,  who  will  begin  development  this 
week.  It  is  half  a  mile  west  of  the  Naulty 
mine  and  mill,  owned  by  J.  A.  Mitchell, 
H.  M.  Cornell  et  al. 

A  boiler,  crusher  and  rolls  have  been 
added  to  the  Seven  Devils  M.  Co.  mill  at 
Carl  Junction,  The  output  from  this 
mine  is  increasing. 

MONTANA. 

G-ranlte  County. 

Kaiser  Bros.  &  O.  Williams,  in  their 
mine  on  Red  Hill,  near  Phillipsburg,  re- 
port striking  ore  carrying  silver  and  cop- 
per. 

The  mill  of  the  Good  Hope  M.  Co.,  at 
Phillipsburg  has  resumed  operations.  The 
number  of  men  in  the  mine  will  be  in- 
creased. 

Jefferson  County. 

J.  Wasson  &  P.  Gruner,  lessees  of  the 
Independent  mine  in  Cataract  district, 
near  Basin,  report  striking  a  streak  of 
high  grade  ore  carrying  gold,  silver  and 
lead.  The  sboot  is  6  inches  wide,  and 
assays  average  $800  in  gold  and  8  ounces 
in  silver.  The  Independent  adjoins  the 
Mantle  mine.  Wasson  &  Gruner  have  in 
the  past  six  months  sunk  a  shaft  50  feet, 
drifted  100  feet  on  both  sides,  and  are 
stoping  ore  on  the  50-foot  level. 

Madison  County. 

The  Revenue  M.  Co.,  operating  at  Nor- 
ris,  will  build  a  cyanide  plant  of  capacity 
of  100  tons  daily  at  its  mines  and  water 
will  be  piped  to  it  from  a  well  sunk  2A 
miles  distant,  says  Manager  Knox.  The 
high  grade  ores  are  providing  means  for 
developing  the  mine  at  present,  returns 
from  the  last  shipment  showing  8.9  ounces 
of  gold  and  6.1  ounces  silver. 

Silver  Bow   County. 

Large  numbers  of  miners,  who  have 
been  thrown  out  of  work  by  the  shut 
down  of  the  Amalgamated  properties,  are 
leaving  Butte  and  other  camps  for  Colo- 
rado, Utah,   Idaho  and  Washington. 

The  Supreme  Court  has  put  forward  on 
its  docket  the  date  for  hearing  the  ap- 
pealed cases  awarded  to  F.  A.  Heinze. 
They  will  come  up  for  review  this  week. 

NEVADA. 

Klko  County. 

The  Aura  King  G.  M.  Co.  has  been  in- 
corporated with  principal  place  of  busi- 
ness at  Ogden,  Utah,  to  operate  near 
Elko.  The  officers  are  R.  P.  Hunter,  J. 
J.  Carmichael,  O.  A.  Kennedy,  J.  R. 
Hunter  and  V.  Gideon.  The  company 
owns  the  Aura  King,  Delmonte,  Tecum- 
seh  and  Humboldt  claims  in  Centennial 
mining  district,  at  Elko,  also  the  Gold 
Bug  placer  mining  claim. , 

Esmeralda  County. 

Tonopab  has  for  more  than  two  years 
been  a  center  of  interest  to  the  entire 
country.  The  camp  has  been  systemati- 
cally studied  during  the  past  summer  by 
J.  E.  Spurr  of  the  United  States  Geologi- 
cal Survey,  who  had  already  made  investi- 
gations and  studies  in  Tonopab  in  the 
latter  part  of  the  season  of  1902  and  dur- 
ing the  succeeding  winter.  The  work  of 
the  Geological  Survey  in  this  camp  is  of 
especial  interest  on  account  of  the  com- 
plicated geologic  conditions,  which  render 
an  exposition  of  the  geological  principles 
controlling  the  occurrence  of  the  ores  of 
great  practical  economic  value.  On  this 
account  the  examination  has  been  drawn 
to  a  conclusion  as  soon  as  possible,  and  an 
attempt  has  been  made  to  render  the  in- 
formation immediately  available  to  the 
public. "  Since  the  mining  public  is 
anxious  to  obtain  information  concerning 
this  district  before  the  final  report  can  be 
published,  the  director  of  l.he  survey  has 
authorized  Mr.  Spurr  to  jsisue  a  prelimin- 
ary report  embodying  in  a  few  pages  the 
gist  of  bis  conclusions  up  to  the  present 
time  and  including  a  copy  of  the  geologi- 
cal map,  reproduced  in  black  and  white 
for  the  sake  of  quick  publication.  It  is 
believed  that  by  the  use  of  this  map  and 
the  accompanying  text  great  help  will  be 
afforded  to  those  who  are  prospecting  and 
mining    in  the  Tonopah   district.      This 


preliminary  bulletin,  it  is  expected,  will  be 
ready    for   distribution    in    a    few    weeks. 

i. -nipping  veins  of  the  region tur 

in  a  small  rectangular  area,  hounded  on 
all  sides  by  faults.  Within  this  area  the 
veins  lie  in  a  volcanic  rock  —  and. -site. 
After  the  veins  were  formed  (during  a 
period  of  volcanic  activity)  the  andeeite 
and  the  veins  were  covered  by  later  vol- 
canic Hows,  among  them  other  andesites. 
These  latter  rocks  occupy  nearly  all  the 
district  except  the  small  area  above  noted 
and  another  close  by.  Wherever  the  sur- 
face exposes  them  alone  the  existence  or 
amount  of  underground  wealth  can  hardly 
be  ascertained  without  exhaustive  ex- 
ploration. But  there  are  certain  import- 
ant favorable  and  unfavorable  circum- 
stances, certain  recommendations  and  dis- 
couragements laid  down  by  Mr.  Spurr 
that  may  assist  in  the  prosecution  of  ex- 
ploration. The  later  volcanic  rocks,  in- 
cluding most  of  the  hills  of  the  district, 
are  classed  as  unfavorable;  a  certain 
andesite  as  favorable;  the  vicinity  of  faults 
as  undesirable,  etc.  The  maps  accom- 
panying the  report  make  these  recom- 
mendations intelligible  and  enable  prop- 
erty owners  and  prospective  investors  to 
gain  some  idea  of  the  relative  probabili- 
ties in  different  parts  of  the  field.  The 
position  of  the  early  andesite  away  from 
the  outcrops  can  be  foretold  to  only  a 
limited  and  uncertain  extent,  for  in  deal- 
ing with  a  complex  of  volcanic  flows  and 
dikes  like  that  in  Tonopah  there  is  no 
rule  which  governs  their  distribution  and 
by  which  their  position  in  an  unknown 
locality  can  always  be  defined  with  cer- 
tainty. On  account  of  the  lack  of  cer- 
tainty of  results  in  this  work,  in  many 
cases  it  would  probably  be  more  economi- 
cal, both  of  time  and  money,  to  explore 
with  a  diamond  drill  rather  than  with 
shafts. 

The  Manhattan-Tonopah  M.  Co.,  of  New 
Jersey,  under  management  of  H.  C.  Jones, 
is  preparing  to  develop  its  group  of  five 
claims  adjoining  the  Pennsylvania-Tono- 
pah  on  the  west  and  near  the  Republic- 
Tonopah  mine  at  Tonopah.  Sinking  has 
begun.  A  double  compartment  shaft  will 
go  to  depth  of  1000  feet.  A  power  plant 
will  be  in  place  by  the  time  the  shaft  is 
down  50  feet. 

Superintendent  H.   W.   Nelson   of  the 
Esmeralda  Con.,   near   Hawthorne,   says 
work  on  the  mill  is  under  way. 
Eureka  County. 

(  Special  Correspondence  ).  —  Hooper 
Bros.,  lessees  in  the  Jackson  mines,  took 
out  twenty  tons  of  silver-lead  ore  last 
week;  and  ten  tons  additional  were  shipped 

from  the  Jackson   by   other  lessees. 

Harris  Bros.,  lessees  in  the  Bullwhacker 
mine,  have  twenty-three  tons  of  ore  at 
the  E.  &  P.  depot  for  shipment  to  Salt 
Lake.  The  Bullwhacker  is  on  Adams 
hill,  in  a  quartz  -  porphyry  formation. 
Development  work  has  opened  additional 
ore  bodies. 

The  Keystone  mine,  north  of  Eureka,  is 
reported  to  have  uncovered  an  ore  body 
for  400  feet  that  has  average  width  of  4 
feet,  carrying  12?„'   copper,   twenty-three 

ounces  siiver  and   15%   lead. A  rich 

strike  is  reported  in  the  Retecski  mine  at 
Reveille. 

The  find  reported  from  the  northern 
portion  of  Eureka  county  in  the  foothills 
of  Little  Pole  creek,  from  sixteen  assays 
is  reported  averaging  40%  iron  with 
traces  of  silver  and  gold. 

Eureka,  Nov.  3. 

Ornisby  County. 

The  owners  of  theCowing-Day  mine,  on 
the  Carson  river,  near  Carson,  intend  to 
reopen  the  mine  and  will  have  men  at 
work  during  the  winter,  says  the  Carson 
Appeal. 

"Washoe  County. 

A.  P.  Price  of  Ninth  Crossing  says  he 
has  men  at  work  on  his  mine  in  Rainbow 

district,  near  Reno. Pritchett  &  Merk- 

linger  have  opened  a  6-foot  ledge  showing 

free  gold. N.  Petersen,  R.  Nelsen  and 

M.  Lund  are  putting  up  buildings  at  their 

mine.     They  will  use  a  whim. Kolster 

&  Urban  are  shipping  ore  which  is  re- 
ported to  net  $60  a  ton. 

Covelite  is  reported  in  G.  W.  Perkins' 
mine  at  Dogskin,  near  Reno,  carrying  50% 
copper. 

White  Pine  County. 

Manager  P.  C.  Weber  of  the  Sapho  M. 
Co.  at  Ely  reports  striking  a  shoot  of 
black  oxide  of  copper,  showing  values  in 
gold  as  well  as  copper.  Shaft  sinking  con- 
tinues. 

NEW   MEXICO. 

Grant  County. 

A  mill  is  being  built  by  the  National  G. 
&  S.  M.  Co.  at  Steins  Pass.  The  mill  is  a 
concentrator,  and  the  ore  will  be  broken, 
run  through  rolls  and  then  over  tables. 
If  this  does  not  recover  all  of  the  values 
a  cyanide  plant  will  be  added. 

The  Shamrock  M..  &  M.  Co.  at  Pinos 
Altos  has  a  new  furnace  in  operation  at 
its  smelter,  with  a  capacity  of  forty  tons 
daily. 

There  are  300  miners  at   work   in  the 


Burro    Mountain    mining   district.    100  of 
them  doing  annual  assessment  work. 

Sail  Miguel  County. 

G.  L.  Rhodes  reports  working  a  pros- 
pecl  mar  Kihera,  which  carries  tungsten 
ore. 

H.  L.  Allen  and  F.  J.  Buck  report  hav- 
ing found  tin  in  paying  quantities  near 
Las  Vegas. 

Sierra  County. 

The  pumping  station  of  the  Hillsboro 
G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  at  Hillsboro  has  started  up. 

H.  R.  Taylor  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  gen- 
oral  superintendent  of  the  South  Percha 
G.  M.  &  M.  Co.,  near  Hillsboro,  says  the 
work  of  building  the  mill  is  under  way. 

The  Philipsburg  mill  at  Fairview  is  in 
operation. 

Socorro  County. 

The  Graphic  mine  at  Magdalena  hist 
week  shipped  a  carload  of  ore  that  ran 
15",,  in  copper,  says  the  New  Mexican. 
Since  April  1.  19113,  this  mine  has  shipped 
3000  tons  of  zinc  carbonate  ore.  The 
Graphic  was  formerly  a  lead  producer. 

J.  Dobbin  has  his  mill  at  Water  canyon, 

near  Magdalena,  in  operation.- A  strike 

of  gold  and  silver  ore  is  reported  made  on 
Socorro  mountain. 

Taos  County. 

Concentrates  are  being  shipped  to  the 
smelter  from  the  Jayhawk  mill  at  Red 
River. 

OREGON. 

Baker  Connty. 

At  the  Western  Union  mine,  on  Rock 
creek,  near  Sumpter,  operations  will  be 
resumed.  The  crosscut  on  north  side  of 
the  stream  cut  the  vein  at  150  feet,  and 
the  drift  will  be  extended,  says  Manager 
Hillicker. 

H.  B.  Wolking  and  J.  Meadows  are  de- 
veloping their  White  Point  group  of 
claims,  19  miles  south  of  Baker  City. 
The  group  consists  of  four  claims.  The 
crosscut  tunnel  is  continued  300  feet  far- 
ther, and  will  cut  the  vein  at  depth  of 
200  feet  below  surface. 

O.  C.  Wright,  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Blue  BirdM.  Co.,  oper- 
ating near  Sumpter,  says  work  is  pro- 
gressing on  the  100-ton  concentrating 
plant.  The  concrete  foundations  have 
been  completed  and  the  framing  for  the 
buildings  is  under  way. 

Clackamas  County. 

The  Ogle  Mountain  M.  Co.,  with  head- 
quarters in  Oregon  City,  has  been  incor- 
porated by  P.  A.  and  J.  B.  Fairclough,  F. 
D.  Kepkey,  and  J.  V.  Harless.  The  com- 
pany will  operate  on  Ogle  Mountain,  near 
Molalla.  They  propose  to  build  a  stamp 
mill  and  to  get  out  ore  during  the  coming 
winter.  There  is  already  considerable  ore 
on  the  dumps.  The  quartz  is  free  milling. 
Douglas  County. 

At  Golden  Slipper  group,  near  Bohemia, 
President  W.  W.  Oglesby  reports  work 
progressing.  The  group  consists  of  nine 
full  claims  on  east  side  of  Grouse  moun- 
tain, running  down  to  and  across  Horse 
Heaven  creek.  The  main  tunnel  on  the 
Sampson  claim  is  in  on  the  ledge  150  feet, 
showing  a  body  of  concentrating  ore. 
Tunnel  No.  2,  at  100  feet  lower,  is  in  80 
feet  on  the  vein.  At  upper  end  of  this 
claim  a  shaft  has  been  sunk  12  feet  on  the 
ledge,  which  is  il  feet  wride,  and  shows  a 
body  of  ore,  carrying  percentage  of  cop- 
per. The  Dewey  tunnel,  at  the  lower  end 
of  the  group,  is  in  200  feet  on  a  parallel 
ledge.  The  group  is  well  timbered  and 
watered  and  has  a  mill  site. 

At  the  Levens  Ledge  mine,  at  Riddles, 
2000  feet  of  tunneling  has  been  done, 
which  shows  ledges  of  gold  -  bearing 
quartz,  8  to  12  feet  wide.  T.  T.  Burk- 
hart,  of  Portland,  part  owner,  says  they 
propose  to  build  a  10-stamp  mill.  The 
company  is  composed  mainly  of  Portland 
men. 

Grant  County. 

Prospecting  with  the  churn  drill  that 
has  been  in  progress  on  Crane  Flat,  near 
Granite,  for  two  months  was  completed 
last  week.  Several  prospect  shafts  have 
also  been  sunk  to  bedrock.  This  work 
has  bee"n  done  as  preliminary  to  putting 
in  a  dredger  for  working  the  gravel, 
says  Superintendent  Burch.  Bedrock  was 
found  to  be  soft,  and  the  gravel  contained 
few  large  boulders. 

Josephine  County. 

C.  J.  Howard  has  men  at  work  extend- 
ing the  survey  of  the  Gold  Hill  highline 
ditch.  Under  the  old  survey  the  ditch 
was  80  miles  in  length,  but  the  new  sur- 
vey will  nearly  double  it.  It  was  for- 
merly intended  to  carry  the  water  of  the 
ditch  across  Elk  and  Trail  creeks  by  a 
pipe  line.  It  has  been  decided  this  would 
not  be  practical,  and  instead  the  ditch 
will  be  carried  around  the  head  of  the 
two  streams  mentioned.  At  the  head  of 
Elk  and  Trail  creeks  there  are  bodies  of 
pine  and  fir  timber,  and  the  ditch  will 
make  this  available  for  milling  and  lum- 
bering purposes.  The  water  will  also  be 
used  by  the  mines  around  Gold  Hill. 

The  American  G.   Fields  Co.,   of  Chi- 


811 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


cago,  111.,  which  owns  the  Granite  Hill 
mines  on  Louse  creek,  near  Grant's  Pass, 
has  added  to  its  holdings  the  Ida  and 
Golden  Terry  mines,  which  claims  adjoin 
the  Granite  Hill.  This  gives  the  com- 
pany 1000  acres  of  mineral  lands  on  Louse 
creek.  The  Ida  and  Golden  Terry  mines 
will  be  developed  in  connection  with  the 
Granite  Hill  properties.  The  Ida  is 
equipped  with  a  small  mill.  Both  mines 
are  at  a  higher  altitude  than  the  Granite 
Hill,  and  the  ore  will  be  conveyed  by  a 
gravity  tramway. 

J.  P.  Wickham,  J.  H.  Pisk,  P.  S.  Bates 
and  J.  H.  Weber  of  Portland,  owners  of 
the  Almeda  mine,  near  Grant's  Pass,  pro- 
pose building  a  100-ton  reduction  plant. 
The  Almeda  mine  contains  a  body  of  ore 
carrying  copper,  gold  and  silver.  Power 
will  be  supplied  by  utilizing  water  of  the 
Rogue  river.  Men  are  at  work  blocking 
out  ore. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA, 

Lawrence  County. 

The  Tin  ton  M.  Co.,  developing  tin 
mines  at  Tinton,  has  completed  the  tram- 
way from  mine  to  mill;  the  track  is  laid 
and  machinery  is  being  set  up.  Rolls 
will  do  the  crushing  in  the  mill.  Several 
smaller  buildings  are  also  going  up. 

The  Anaconda  G.  M.  Co.  is  preparing 
to  resume  work  on  its  group  on  Elk  creek, 
8  miles  southeast  of  Dead  wood.  This  is 
near  the  Clover  Leaf  mine. 

The  Hidden  Fortune  mill,  near  Dead- 
wood,  has  been  completed  and  accepted 
and  is  ready  for  operation.  A  new  strike 
is  reported 'in  one  of  the  company's  mines 
near  Central  City. 

The  Ruby  G.  M.  Cj.  at  Galena  is  build- 
ing a  mill,  which  will  be  running  by  Jan.  1 . 
The  plant  will  have  Chilean  mills  for  fine 
crushing.  The  process  will  be  amalga- 
mating, followed  by  tailings  treatment. 
The  Ruby  Co.  has  made  tests  on  its  ores 
which  show  that  Chilean  mills  are  adapted 
to  this  class  of  ore.  The  Ruby  Co.  has 
opened  up  a  large  body  of  free  milling  ore 
near  Galena  and  can  supply  100  or  more 
tons  a  day.     J.  Conzette  is  manager. 

UTAH. 

Beaver  County. 

The  smelter  of  the  Majestic  C.  Co.  at 
Milford  was  blown  in  Oct.  31st. 
Iron  County. 

Superintendent  T.  P.  Rigney  of  the 
Summit  Placer  Co.,  which  is  operating 
the  ozokerite  mines  at  Soldier  Summit, 
reports  development  work  being  in- 
creased. The  location  of  the  permanent 
mining  shaft  is  not  yet  determined. 
Juab  County. 

The  Black  Jack  M.  Co.  has  been  incor- 
porated under  Wyoming  laws  to  operate 
the  South  Mammoth,  West  Mammoth, 
Black  Jack,  Trail  and  Phoenix  claims  near 
Eureka.  The  incorporators  are  J.  Knight, 
D.  and  J.  Evans,  R.  E.  Allen  and  L.  Hol- 
brook.  The  principal  place  of  business  is 
Evanston,  Wyo. 

The  underground  fire  that  caused  the 
Centennial-Eureka,  Eureka  Hill,  Bullion 
Beck  and  Gemini  mines  at  Eureka  to  close 
down,  has  been  located  and  extinguished 
by  Superintendent  Earls  of  the  Bullion- 
Beck  in  the  Gem  stope  in  the  Eureka  Hill 
mine.  To  reach  this  stope  they  were 
compelled  to  use  scaling  ladders,  and  to 
cross  a  narrow  ledge  through  dense  smoke 
and  gas.  Water  is  being  piped  in.  The 
Centennial-Eureka  mine  is  in  full  oper- 
ation. 

The  Manhattan  ground,  north  of  the 
Bullion-Beck  mine,  is  being  worked  by  a 
tunnel  to  crosscut  the  iron  ledge  opened 
up  on  the  surface  last  month. 

The  shaft,  with  which  the  east  ledge  on 
La  Reine  mine  of  Tintic,  near  Eureka, 
was  opened  up  to  depth  of  80  feet,  has 
been  retimbered  and  will  be  sunk  to  600 
feet,  where  prospecting  of  the  vein  will 
begin,  says  Superintendent  Driscoll. 
Salt  Lake  County. 

Superintendent  Janney,  of  the  Utah  C. 
Co.  at  Bingham  reports  work  progressing 
on  the  500-ton  concentrator  being  built. 
It  is  expected  to  be  ready  for  operation 
Jan.  1. 

The  Clyde  M.  Co.  has  been  incorporated 
at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  by  G.  and  E.  C. 
Tucker,  J.  B.  Burbridge,  B.  D.  Siegfus 
and  J.  P.  Park.  The  property  of  the 
company  consists  of  the  Clyde  Nos.  1,  2,  3 
and  4  mining  claims  in  Big  Cottonwood 
mining  district,  near  Alta. 

The  properties  of  the  Toledo  &  Utah 
Co.  at  Alta  have  been  sold  to  A.  H.  Boyd, 
J.  A.  Campion  et  al.  of  Leadville,  Colo. 
The  group  consists  of  the  Fuller,  Relief 
and  Michigan  mines.  Development  work 
will  begin  this  month. 

Suninilt  County. 

At  the  Alice  mine,  in  Woodside  canyon, 
near  Park  City,  they  are  preparing  to  in- 
crease development.  A  blower  was  placed 
last  week  near  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel 
and  operated  by  water  power.  Hereto- 
fore the  blower  was  worked  by  hand.  An 
air  compressor  and  machine  drills   will  be 


put  in  later.  The  tunnel  and  incline  are 
in  225  feet,  the  ore  being  hauled  to  the 
dump  by  a  whim.  P.  McPhereson  is 
manager  of  the  company. 

The  payrolls  of  Park  City's  mines  show 
an  increase  of  25%  during  the  last  few 
months,  says  the  Tribune.  At  the  Silver 
King  and  at  the  Daly- West  the  output 
has  been  increased.  The  plant  at  the 
Daly-Judge  has  been  enlarged.  The 
Kearns-Keith  mines  have  been  equipped 
with  a  concentrator.  .  The  total  number 
of  men  is  given  at  2000. 

Tooele  County. 

Preparations  are  being  made  to  reopen 
the  Buckhorn  mine  near  Ophir,  which  is 
under  bond  and  lease  to  the  Western  Ex- 
ploration Co.  of  Salt  Lake  City. 

A.  Murphy  has  an  option  on  holdings  of 
the  Daisy  M.  Co.,  consisting  of  a  group  of 
gold-bearing  locations  and  a  cyanide  plant 
at  West  Dip,  near  Mercur.  Murphy  will 
reopen  and  retimber  the  workings.  The 
gold  ores  formerly  taken  out  average 
$3.40  per  ton. 

Manager  G.  H.  Dern  of  the  Con.  Mer- 
cur mines,  at  Mercur,  reports  the  slimes 
plant  at  their  mill  in  successful  operation. 
The  tailings  have  been  reduced  to  an  av- 
erage of  42  cents  per  ton,  as  against  $1.22, 
the  average  for  the  last  fiscal  year.  The 
mill  is  handling  1000  tons  of  ore  per  day. 
Washington  County. 

The  capacity  of  the  copper  smelter  of 
the  Dixie  group  of  mines  near  St.  George 
will  be  increased  by  addition  of  a  second 
furnace.  This  will  afford  it  a  capacity  of 
100  tons  daily,  says  Manager  Doolittle.  In 
addition  to  doubling  the  capacity  of  the 
smelter,  the  company  will  build  a  road  to 
the  loading  station  on  the  line  of  the  San 
Pedro  Railroad. 

WASHINGTON. 

Ferry  County. 

(Special  Correspondence.) — The  output 
of  Republic  district  was  partially  re- 
stricted last  month  due  to  inability  of 
smelters  to  handle  as  large  a  quantity  as 
usual,  but  it  is  thought  this  will  be  only 
temporary.  Last  week  the  Quilp  sent  out 
its  usual  quota  of  seventy  tons  daily.  Ex- 
plorations show  the  ledge  to  be  30  feet  in 
width,  containing  a  shoot  2  feet  in  width 
assaying  $100  per  ton  in  gold  and  silver. 
This  seam  has  been  proven  for  100  feet  in 
depth,  and  has  been  drifted  on  for  100 
feet.  The  policy  of  the  management  is 
to  keep  development  so  that  there  will  be 

a  year  or  two's  supply  in  sight. The 

Mountain  Lion  mine  has  reduced  its  ship- 
ments to  100  tons  daily,  but  work  is  going 
ahead  underground.  The  Knob  Hill  con- 
tinues turning  out  several  cars  of  ore  per 
week. 

Last  week  the  lower  tunnel  in  the 
Belcher  mine  reached  the  ore  body  which 
was  first  cut  in  the  tunnel  above,  at  which 
point  it  was  80  feet  in  width.  It  shows 
that  this  ore  body  is  at  least  250  feet  in 
length.  The  ores  of  Republic  camp  are 
not  self-fluxing,  and  it  is  claimed  the  Bel- 
cher mine  carries  the  ores  which  are  es- 
sential as  flux  in  the  treatment  of  other  ores 
of  the  Republic  mines.  The  Belcher  ore 
carries  an  excess  of  iron  and  runs  high  in 
sulphur.  While  the  ore  is  hard  it  breaks 
easily  and  can  be  mined  at  minimum  cost 
as  soon  as  machine  drills  are  used.  The 
manager  says  a  gasoline  engine  and  blower 
are  being  set  up  to  be  used  in  ventilating 
the  mine.     An  air  compressor  will  also  be 

put  in. A  smelter  is  needed  in  the  camp. 

Rail  transportation  is  convenient  and 
cheap;  fuel,  timber  and  watet  are  also 
abundant. 

The  Bodie  M.  Co.,  at  Bodie,  reports 
development  work  progressing.  The  mine 
is  opened  by  four  tunnels  to  a  depth  of  450 
feet.  These  are  connected  with  raises 
and  winzes  giving  ventilation  throughout. 
The  vein  is  5  feet  in  width  at  the  surface. 
At  the  lowest  level  it  is  20  feet  in  width. 
The  ore  is  gold-silver,  carrying  an  aver- 
age of  two  ounces  of  the  latter  to  one  of 
the  former.  A  50-ton  combination  mill  is 
in  course  of  erection.  Machinery  is  on 
the  ground. The  Zala  M.  mine  at  Sher- 
idan is  preparing  to  begin  production. 
The  ore  has  values  principally  in  silver. 
It  ships  sixty  tons  per  week.  The  output 
is  restricted  on  account  of  the  condition 
of  the  wagon  road  from  the  mine  to  the 
railroad. 

Republic,  Nov.  1. 

It  is  proposed  to  add  a  cyanide  plant  to 
the  mill  of  the  Mountain  Lion  mine  at 
Republic. 

Lincoln    County. 

Since  the  advance  in  silver  there  is  re- 
newed activity  in  Cedar  canyon  mines, 
near  Davenport,  says  the  Spokesman- 
Review.  The  Turk  M.  Co.  is  shipping  ore 
through  Springdale,  which  nets  $70  a  ton. 
At  depth  of  450  feet  they  are  drifting  on  an 
ore  body  64  feet  wide.  The  values 
are  in  gold,  copper  and  silver.  The  com- 
pany will  put   in  an   amalgamation   plant 

to  cost  $75,000. J.  Young  ha?  leased 

the  Deer  Trail  mine  from  the  Deer  Trail 
Co.  and  he  is  shipping  ore.    The  company 


gets  as  royalty  20%  of  the  ore  laid  down 

at  the  smelter. The  Silver  Seal,  the 

Silver  Queen  and  the  Providence  are 
shipping.  The  Seal  is  owned  by  Van 
Horn  Bros,  of  Deer  Trail.  The  Queen  is 
owned  by  the  Queen  M.  Co.  and  the 
Providence  is  owned  by  C.  C.  May,  F.  H. 

Luce  and  A.  W.  Turner  of  Davenport. 

The  Legal  Tender  is  making  regular  ship- 
ments. It  is  owned  by  the  Deer  Trail  Co. 
and  Yarwood  Bros.,  and  is  working  under 
a  lease  by  Huffaker  &  Yarwood  on  a  20% 

royalty. Tipton  &  Shifler  of  Spokane, 

who  own  the  Evergreen,  which  joins  the 
Turk,  are  sinking  on  the  ledge  and  are 
working  at  70  feet  depth.  They  report 
having  a  4-foot  vein. 

Okanogan  County. 

A.  E.  Williams  and  J.  B.  Metcalfe,  of 
Seattle,  have  bought  the  Pinnacle  gold 
mine,  near  Loomis,  and  will  increase  de- 
velopment work. 

Stevens  County. 

A  diamond  drill  outfit  will  be  put  in  at 
the  Hill  iron  properties,  near  Valley,  says 
W.  D.  Dickman  of  Chicago,  111.,  consult- 
ing engineer.  There  are  twelve  men  at 
work  and  he  will  increase  this  to  twenty 
men  when  the  drill  plant  arrives.     J.  H. 

Davey  is  superintendent. W.  S.  Rodg- 

ers  of  Spokane,  who  owns  iron-bearing 
ground  near  the  Hill  mine,  has  men  at 
work. 

WYOMING. 

The  reports  in  regard  to  the  coal  min- 
ers' strike  in  Colorado  extending  to  the 
Wyoming  coal  fields  are  without  founda- 
tion, says  E.  S.  Emery,  manager  of  the 
water  plant  at  Rock  Springs.  "There  is 
not  a  single  union  in  the  coal  fields  of 
Wyoming.  The  Mine  Workers'  have 
had  four  or  five  men  in  the  State  for  the 
past  three  months  and  they  have  not  suc- 
ceeded in  forming  one  union.  There  are 
so  many  different  nationalities  working 
in  the  coal  mines  of  Wyoming  that  the 
labor  leaders  have  so  far  failed  to  do  any- 
thing toward  organizing  the  men.  Rock 
Springs  has  a  population  of  6000  and  2000 
of  these  work  in  the  coal  mines." 
Albany  County. 

S.  A.  Walker  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  man- 
ager of  the  Acme  Cement  &  Plaster  Co., 
which  has  a  plant  at  Laramie,  says  the 
company  will  build  a  mill  for  the  manu- 
facture of  plaster  of  paris. 

Bighorn  County. 

The  Wyoming  Coal  &  Fuel  Co.  has 
been  organized  to  develop  a  tract  of  coal 
land  near  Garland,  by  J.  Bird,  F.  McGreg- 
or, H.  Hickock,  J.  Gettier,  C.  A.  Sharver 
and  D.  McCullough.  The  company  has 
started  sinking  a  shaft.  Air  shafts  and 
other  improvements  will  be  made. 
Carbon  County. 

The  Ferris-Haggerty  mine  of  the  North 
American  C.  Co.  at  Rudefeha  is  developed 
to  the  depth  of  700  feet  on  the  vein.  The 
ore  carries  average  values  of  0.06  ounce 
gold,  1.0  ounce  silver  per  ton  and  6%  cop- 
per. 

The  companies  operating  the  Cascade, 
High  Five  and  Pasadena  mines  near  Riv- 
erside have  been  consolidated,  and  will 
increase  operations. 

Laramie  County. 

W.  Sturgis  of  Cheyenne,  who  has  been 
prospecting  for  coal  near  La  Grange,  re- 
ports two  veins  of  coal  have  been  located. 
The  first  vein  is  200  feet  below  the  sur- 
face, and  the  second  was  found  at  depth 
of  500  feet.  Each  stratum  is  between  3  and 
4  feet  in  thickness.  The  character  of  the 
coal  is  said  to  be  similar  to  that  mined  in 
Sheridan  county.  Both  oil  and  gas  were 
also  encountered  by  the  diamond  drill 
used  in  making  the  investigation. 

FOREIGN. 

AFRICA. 

Natal. 

The  Natal  Navigation  Collieries  &  Estate 
Co.  reports  output  for  month  of  Septem- 
ber at  15,003  tons  of  coal. 

Orange  River  Colony. 

The  Koffyfontein  mines  report  2075  car- 
ats diamonds  recovered  during  September. 
Rhodesia. 

The  Penhalonga  Proprietary  Co.,  near 
Bulawayo,  reports  the  new  40-stamp  mill 
in  operation,  and  during  September  ran 
twenty-five  days,  milling  5000  tons  of  ore, 
which  yielded  over  the  plates  1400  ounces 
of  gold,  value  £3700.  Sixty-five  tons  of 
concentrates  were  recovered,  with  value 
(deducting  shipping  and  treatment 
charges)  estimated  at  £1365.  Working 
costs,  £2600,  equal  to  10s  4.80d  per  ton. 
Transvaal. 

The  British  South  African  Export  Ga- 
zette reports  the  discovery  of  tin-bearing 
ground  on  the  eastern  border  of  the 
Transvaal,  on  the  edge  of  the  high  South 
African  plateau.  It  is  stated  the  under- 
lying formation  of  the  district  is  granitic. 
In  places  over  this  granite  are  the  up- 


lifted remnants  of  schistose  rocks.  Tin- 
bearing  veins  are  found  at  the  contact  of 
these  schists  with  the  granite.  Three 
lodes  have  been  located.  A  sample  taken 
from  one  of  them  yielded  3.5%  of  tin. 
The  tin  oxide  yielded  67%  tin.  The 
Transvaal  Government's  railway  depart- 
ment is  surveying  the  property  with  view 
to  connecting  it  with  a  railway.  The  sec- 
tion would  thus  be  within  easy  reach  of 
Delagoa  bay,  whence  the  ore  could  be 
shipped  to  England  at  nominal  cost. 

The  Great  Eastern  collieries,  near  Dra- 
kensburg,  reports  output  for  month  of 
September  at  13,300  tons  of  coal. 

The  West  Rand  Central  G.  Co.,  near 
Johannesburg,  for  month  of  September 
reports  owing  to  continued  scarcity  of 
native  labor,  the  manager  found  it  im- 
possible to  keep  the  mills  running  full 
time.  The  directors  have  decided  to  tem- 
porarily suspend  crushing,  and  with  the 
available  labor  confine  operations  to  de- 
velopment work. 

The  Transvaal  Chamber  of  Mines,  at 
Johannesburg,  under  date  of  Oct.  10,  re- 
ports: 

Natives  distributed  to  mines  during  August 

by  Native  Labor  Association 6.321 

Time  expired  and  other  wastage 6,083 

Net  gain  during  July 238 

Total  number  employed  end  of  July 08,466 

The  cablegram  calls  attention  to  the 
fact  that  an  allotment  of  1788  natives  has 
been  made  to  the  railways;  otherwise 
there  would  be  a  net  gain  in  the  quantity 

for  September  of  2026. The  Board  of 

the  Nyassa  Co.  has  approved  the  contract 
with  the  Witwatersrand  Native  Labor 
Association  for  engagement  of  natives 
within  the  limits  of  its  territories  for  the 
purpose  of  temporary  immigration  to  the 
Transvaal  mines.  The  arrangements, 
which  have  received  the  approval  of  the 
Government  in  Lisbon,  provide  for  re- 
cruiting of  natives  for  a  period  of  two 
years  and  for  their  repatriation  after  ex- 
piration of  contract. 

At  Johannesburg,  on  Oct.  13,  the  miners 
of  the  City  &  Suburban  G.  M.  &  Estates 
Co.  passed  an  unanimous  vote  in  favor  of 
the  importation  of  unskilled  Chinese  la- 
bor. A  meeting  of  the  South  Randfontein 
G.  M.  Co.  also  carried  a  resolution  in  favor 
of  such  importation. 

"West  Africa. 

The  Wassau  mine  in  Wassau  district. 
Gold  Coast,  reports  starting  crushing  on 
the  ore  October  12th,  with  ten  stamps 
running.  Work  is  progressing  on  the 
cyanide  plant  and  it  is  expected  to  be  in 
working  order  by  the  time  regular  crush- 
ing with  the  full  mill  begins.  Manager 
Feldtmann  reports  that  the  reef  which  had 
been  lost  in  No.  5  level  north  has  been  re- 
located in  the  crosscut  east,  and  assays 
three  ounces  for  a  width  of  28  inches. 

AUSTRALIA. 

New   South  Wales. 

The  British  Broken  Hill  Proprietary 
reports  mill  returns  for  twenty-one  shifts 
to  Sept.  29,  3958  tons  ore  crushed,  pro- 
ducing 735  tons  concentrates,  containing 
426  tons  lead  and  20,580  ounces  silver. 

The  Malacca  diamond  mines  at  Cope- 
ton  during  the  last   week   of  September 
washed  126  loads,  producing  182  carats  of 
diamonds  and  3625  pounds  of  tin. 
Queensland. 

The  Lancelot  Freehold  T.  &  C.  Co.,  at 
Newellton,  reports  having  produced  dur- 
ing September,  twenty-eight  tons  dressed 
65%  tin-bismuth  ore,  and  had  also  on 
hand  October  10th  four  tons  second-class 
ore  assaying  45%  metallic  tin  and  bis- 
muth; shipped  forty-three  tons  dressed 
Lancelot  ore. 

Victoria. 

The  annual  report  of  the  Secretary  for 
Mines  and  Water  Supply  for  the  year 
1902  shows  a  decrease  in  the  yield  of  gold 
of  11,824  ounces  as  compared  with  that  of 
the  previous  year.  Up  to  the  end  of 
November  the  aggregate  output  was 
ahead  of  that  for  the  corresponding  pe- 
riod of  1901,  but  there  was  a  falling  off  in 
the  December  returns  of  12,006  ounces. 
Increases  for  the  year  were  reported  from 
Ballarat,  Maryborough,  Maldon,  Cres- 
wick,  and  Clu'nes,  Omeo,  Walhalla,  Cas- 
tlemaine,  St.  Arnaud,  Beaufort  and 
Sterling  fields.  Ballarat  showed  the 
largest  increase  and  Bendigo  the  largest 
decrease.  Bendigo's  total  yield  was  184,- 
959  ounces  (a  decrease  of  20,837  ounces), 
being  17,565  ounces  in  excess  of  that  from 
Ballarat.  The  drop  at  Bendigo  was  due 
to  decreases  at  the  Golden  Gully,  Great 
Southern  Garden  Gully,  Ironbark  and 
Golden  Pyke  mines.  Among  individual 
mines  the  Star  of  the  East  at  Ballarat 
yielded  15,932  ounces;  Long  Tunnel  Ex- 
tended, at  Walhalla,  18,675  ounces;  Duke 
United  and  North  Duke,  Maryborough, 
9304  ounces  and  8087  ounces,  respectively; 
and  the  Cassilis  Omeo,  8926  ounces.  The 
value  of  the  gold  won  for  the  year  was 
£3,062,028,  which  brought  the  aggregate 
since  the  opening  of  the  diggings  up  to 
£263, 551 ,  229  from  a  total  yield  of  65, 9 1 3, 91 2 
ounces.    The  total  quantity   of  material 


NoVMdBBB  7,    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


312 


■  I  for  the  year  by  dredge  mining 
ami  hydraulic  sluicing  by  gravitation  was 
6,811,697,  as  againe  cubla  yards 

for  1801.  The  gold  obtained  showed  In- 
crease of  2235  ounces,  being  33,108  ounces 
fur  iln  year.  The  average  yield  of  gold 
per  cubic  yard  of  material  treated  was 
2.18  grains,  as  against  2.32  grains  for  the 
previous  year.  En  all.  thirty-seven  i 
mining  plants  were  in  operation,  coi 
Ing  I'D  bucket  dredges,  nineteen  pump 
hydraulic  sluioes,  two  jet  elevators  and  six 
gravitation  sluicing  plants.  Tin-  capital 
Invested  in  plains,  machinery,  etc.,  was 
estimated  at  £270,000.  The  sum  of  £183,- 
4<Hi  was  paid  in  wages.  On  an  average 
878  men  were  engaged  in  working  i  i i .  ■ 
plants,  in  addition  tow I  cutters,  cart- 
ers and  others.  Coal  mining  showed  an 
Inoreased  output  fur  the  year,  although 
strikes  on  account  of  wage  disputes  inter- 
rupted operations  to  a  considerable  ex- 
tent. The  quantity  obtained  was  225,164 
tons,  as  compared  with  209.329  tons  for 
hull.  The  output  of  minerals  other  than 
gold  and  coal  exceeded  that  of  previous 
year  by  value  of  £13,813.  Ten  tons  of  tin 
ore  were  won  at  Beeohworth  in  connec- 
tion with  gold  dredging  operations:  loo 
tons    of    infusorial    earth    were    raised    at 

Talbot;  at  Lake  Boga,   Boort,  and  other 

plaCI  B  in  the  Mallee.  3227  tons  of   gypsum 

Were  obtained,  while  the  47,603  ounces  of 
silver  shown  in  the  ret  urns  were  extracted 
from  the  gold  at  the  mint.  By  treatment 
with  cyanide,  43,302  ounces  1",  penny- 
weights of  gold  wen-  extracted  from  504,- 
212  tons  of  tailings,  value  of  the  gold, 
£148,398.  The  Government,  batteries 
are  distributed  between  Moonambcl. 
I'reswiek.  IJargo,  Waangarra,  Omeo, 
Walhalla,  Chines.  Woolshed  Flat,  Ruth- 
erglen,  Beaufort.  Stawell,  Talbot.  Enfield, 
Campbelltown  and  Avoca.  The  receipts 
in  the  shape  of  revenue  amounted  to  £697, 
and  the  expenditure  to  £2496,  showing  a 
loss  of  £1799  for  the  year. 

BRITISH     COLUMBIA. 

Boundary   District. 

Ore  is  being  rawhided  from  the  Rod- 
erick Dhu  mine  to  the  Long  Lake  wagon 
road,  near  Long  Lake  Camp. 

The  Providence  mine,  near  Greenwood, 
for  the  year  ending  Sept.  30,  1903,  re- 
ports: 

Tons  at  ore  mined 543.3 

Net  value J54.315  51 

Cost  ot  mining  and  incidentals 23.122  10 


Net  profits $31,192  84 

M.  F.  Madden  of  Chicago,  111.,  is  presi- 
dent and  D.  F.  Mcintosh  vice-president 
and  manager. 

Superintendent  Williams  of  the  Granby 
mines  at  Phcenix  has  started  driving  tun- 
nel No.  4  to  strike  the  main  ore  body  at 
depth  in  the  Old  Ironsides  mine.  This 
tunnel  has  its  mouth  at  the  foot  of  Church 
street,  in  the  center  of  the  city,  and  when 
completed  will  give  four  main  tunnels  by 
which  the  Knob  Hill  and  the  Old  Iron- 
sides mines  can  be  tapped,  doing  away 
with  hoisting.  This  tunnel  will  have  to 
be  driven  a  distance  of  1200  feet  under  the 
business  part  of  the  city. 

At  the  Granby  mines  at  Phoenix  two 
more  steam  shovels  will  be  put  in  oper- 
ation in  its  ore  quarries  at  the  Knob  Hill. 
Later  it  is  expected  to  use  one  of  the  ma- 
chines underground  in  the  stopes.  The 
present  shovel  has  a  dipper  capacity  of 
three-quarters  of  a  cubic  yard,  while'one 
of  the  new  ones  will  have  capacity  of  a 
cubic  yard,  equal  to  1500  tons  per  day. 
Nelson  IMstrlct. 

The  Star  M.  &  M.  Co.  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  operating  the  Star  group,  1  mile 
above  the  Granite  mine,  near  Nelson,  has 
leased  the  Poorman-Granite  stamp  mill 
and  tram  for  five  years.  The  Star  Co. 
will  connect  its  mine  by  tram  with  the 
Granite  tramway.  The  ore  is  quartz  car- 
rying free  gold. 

The  right  of  way  for  the  Hunter  V. 
tramway,  near  Ym'ir,    has  been  cleared. 

The  flume  at  the  Ymir  mine  has  been 

completed.  It  runs  from  the  mill  to  the 
cyanide  works  and  carries  the  tailings  for 
treatment.  The  flume  is  half  a  mile  in 
length. 

Work  has  been  resumed  at  the  Alice 
mine,  near  Creston,  by  Hampson  &  May- 
hew,  lessees,  with  fifteen  men.  It  has 
been  idle  two  years.  Shipments  of  galena 
will  be  made  to  the  smelter. 
RosBland  District. 

The  Kootenay  mine,  at  Rossland,  is 
shipping  regularly,  the  ore  being  drawn 
from  the  fourth,  fifth  and  intermediate 
levels.  Development  is  under  way  on  the 
sixth  level. 

Le  Roi  Two  oil  concentrator  at  Ross- 
land  is  in  operation  with  satisfactory  re- 
sults.   At  Le  Roi  mine  sloping  con- 
tinues in  the  upper  levels  and  develop- 
ment is  being  increased  in  the  deep  work- 
ings. On  the  1350-foot  level  the  south 
crosscut  is  being  driven  to  tap  the  ore 
body  opened  up  in  diamond  drilling. 

Slocan  District. 

The  Minnesota   Silver  Co.,  owning  the 


Ivanl mine,  n.-ar  Sandon.  will  increase 

the  output  to  500  tons  of  assorted  ore  and 
coneentrat.es  per  month.     The  tvauhoe  is 
owned    by   W.  B.  and  \V.  C.  Yaw 
Detroit,   Mich.,   .1.    D    Parrel]  of  s,  attic. 

Wash.,  and  1'.  .1.  Hiekey  of  Minneapolis. 
Minn.,  who  is  manager.  It  has  been 
dnder   development    for    live  year 

opened     to    the    ll00-fOO(     level.'        For     two 

years  it  has  been  paying  expenses  on  ore 

taken  out  in  development.  The  mill  was 
recently    altered    to    save    Hie    zinc    more 

carefully  and  a  47  ■„  product  is  being 
shipped  to  Iola,  Ivans. 

Vancouver  Island. 
The  North  Western  S.  .V;  I!.  (u.  Mueller 
at  CroftOD,  in  Victoria  mining  division,  is 
treating  450  tons  of  ore  per  day.  From 
the  Lenora  mine  150  tons  daily  are  being 
received.  This  is  Increased  by  a  regular 
supply  from  Texada  Island  ami  thirty 
tons  a  day  from  Prince  of  Wales  Island. 

West  Kootenay  District, 

The  10-stamp  mill  of  the  Oyster  Crite- 
rion mine,  owned  by  the  Great  Northern 
Mines,  Ltd.,  at  Camborne,  in  Lardeau,  is 
in  operation.  The  3500-foot  aerial  tram- 
way, which  delivers  the  oro  from  a  point 
140  feet  below  the  main  tunnel  and  1800 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  mill,  is  also 
operating,  and  the  ore  bunker  of  the  mill 
is  filled.  There  are  several  hundred  tons 
of  ore  on  the  dumps  at  the  mine  and  11100 
feet  of  development  work  has  been  done. 
The  mill  is  provided  with  three  Prue  van- 
ners.  Tho  ore  is  handled  automatically 
from  the  time  it  starts  through  tho  rock 
breaker  until  it  emerges  into  the  dump 
for  the  tailings.  In  the  mill  is  the  air 
compressor,  which  is  operated  by  water 
power.  Four  machine  drills  will  be  put 
to  work  stoping  ore.  J.  Lade  is  superin- 
tendent of  the  mine  and  mill. 

The  mill  of  the  Eva  mine,  near  the 
Oyster-Criterion  mine,  at  Camborne, 
which  also  has  ten  stamps,  is  in  steady 
operation.  The  Eva  mill  has  four 
Prue    vanners.     It    is    crushing    thirty 

tons    per    day. Work    on    the    Mc- 

Minnville  group,  which  adjoins  the  Eva 
and  Kingston  in  the  Camborne  camp, 
is  progressing  under  direction  of  E. 
Wright  of  McMinnville,  Or.  The  work 
consists  of  a  tunnel  being  driven  on  the 
main  vein,  which  is  14  feet  wide.  The 
ore  is  free-milling,  gold-bearing  quartz, 
running  $10  per  ton.     A  stamp   mill   will 

be  built. The  Kingston   group,    which 

adjoins  the  McMinnville,  will  resume, 
says  Manager  Blochberger. 

CANADA. 

According  to  a  report  issued  by  the 
Dominion  Government  at  Ottawa,  there 
was  imported  into  Canada  from  the 
United  States  during  1002  ore  crushing 
machinery  to  the  value  of  $48,500,  steam 
engines  and  boilers  to  the  value  of 
$347,024. 

Alberta. 

The  Blairmore  Coal  &  Coke  Co.  has 
taken  over  the  Fishburn-Prootor  coal 
mine,  extending  4  miles  along  the  railway 
and  comprising  6000  acres  near  Blair- 
more. There  are  seven  workable  seams 
of  coal  from  3  to  30  feet  wide,  says  Presi- 
dent E.  H.  Fishburn.  C.  Morris  is  mine 
superintendent. 

Ontario. 

It  is  reported  that  C.  M.  Schwab  et  al. 
of  New  York  have  bought  the  properties 
of  the  Bruce  C.  Co.,  Ltd.,  at  Bruce  Mines, 
on  Georgian  Bay,  near  Algoma,  00  miles 
from  the  Canadian  Soo. 
Quebec. 

The  copper  mines  at  Eustis  and  Capel- 
ton,  8  miles  south  of  Sherbrooke,  on  the 
Boston  &  Maine  Railroad,  give  employ- 
ment to  200  men,  writes  P.  Lang,  D.  S. 
Consul  at  Sherbrooke.  The  company 
formed  last  year  to  build  a  smelter  at 
Sherbrooke  has  been  unable  to  raise  nec- 
essary funds  for  the  plant.  It  is  thought 
that  a  smelter  at  this  place  would  cause 
the  opening  up  of  additional  copper  prop- 
erties, as  well  as  renewing  work  on  old 
ones,  which  were  abandoned  because  of 
lack  of  smelting  facilities  at  reasonable 
prices.  The  asbestos  mines  at  Thetford 
and  Black  Lake,  on  the  Quebec  Central 
Railway,  have  had  a  profitable  year. 
Their  shipments  to  the  United  States 
were  valued  at  $647,067,  as  compared  with 
$610,741  in  1902. 

GERMANY. 

United  States  Consul  General  O.  J. 
Hughes,  at  Coburg,  writes  that  the  pump- 
ing system  formerly  employed  at  the 
Kaiserstuhl  II  mine  at  Dortmund  was  suf- 
ficient to  raise  4  cubic  meters  (141  cubic 
feet)  of  water  per  minute  to  a  height  of 
300  meters  (975  feet).  The  present  condi- 
tion of  the  mine  necessitates  raising  8 
cubic  meters  (282  cubic  feet)  per  minute 
and  an  electrical  pumping  system  has 
been  adopted.  The  pump  is  triple-acting 
and  at  75  revolutions  per  minute  can  raise 
5  cubic  meters  (176  cubic  feet)  of  water  to 
a  height  of  400  meters  (1300  feet).  It  is 
driven  directly  by  a  three-phase  induc- 


tion motor,  rated  at  570  H.  1>.  The 
motor,  which  has  a    diameter    of    10 

has    star-connected    windings,   thi 

terminals  being  carried  to  slip  rings.  A 
rheostat  is  provided  for  Btarting  the 
motor.  The  stator  is  made  in  t  wo  parts 
and  is  supported  upon  two  si  \ -arm  spiders 
from  main  hearings.  The  motor  operates 
at  1900  volts  ami  2_J  cycles  per  second, 
and  when  running    without    load    absorbs 

62  amperes  [responding  to  io  kilo- 
watts). At  normal  load  170  amperes  are 
required.  The  power  Factor  is  82%,  the 
efficiency  u2"„,  and    the  slip  2.7",,.    The 

generating  station  contains  two  alternat- 
ors, one  of  810  anil  one  of  1411  II.  1'.,  bot  h 
three  phase.  The  exciting  current  is  fur- 
nished by  an  independent  dynamo  driven 
In  a  separate  engine.  Tho  two  machines 
may  be  worked  in  parallel,  and  the  sta- 
tion includes  a  high-voltage  switchboard. 
The  motor  is  located  in  a  chamber  in  the 
mine. 

MEXICO. 

Chihuahua. 

Negotiations  for  sale  of  the  Dolores 
mine  in  northern  Chihuahua.,  near  the 
line  of  the  Sierra  Madre  &  Pacific  Rail- 
road, have  been  closed,  and  the  Venture 
Corporation  of  London,  England,  has 
made  first  payment.  The  mine  was  owned 
principally  by  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  men. 

E.  T.  Le  Claire  et  al.  of  Milwaukee, 
Wis.,  have  closed  a  deal  for  the  Sufrigio, 
Brava,  La  Luz  and  New  York  mines, 
near  Urique,  which  are  extensions  of  the 
Lluvia  de  Oro  mine.  The  deal  was  for 
$200,000  in  gold.  At  the  Lluvia  de  Oro 
mine,  near  Urique,  there  is  a  mill  of  six 
stamps,  but  twenty  stamps  will  be  added. 

J.  Long  of  Parral,  manager  of  the  Hi- 
dalgo M.  Co.,  says  the  Leiter  option  on 
the  Hidalgo  M.  Co.  mines  has  been  ex- 
tended to  November  20th.  The  mills  of 
the  company  are  expected  to  be  in  opera- 
tion by  January  1st.  J.  M.  Botello,  man- 
ager, will  start  up  the  Parral  M.  Co.  mill 
by  January  1st. 

E.  S.  Burke  Jr.  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  has 
put  men  to  work  on  the  Concheno  mines, 
near  Minaca. 

Durango. 

The  American  M.  Co.  of  Chicago,  111., 
will  build  a  lead-silver  smelting  plant  at 
the  mines  at  Velardena.  The  plant  will 
have  capacity  of  300  tons.  The  company 
will  put  in  machinery  and  drills  for  use  at 


Guanajuato. 

J.  B.  Macmanus  et  al.  of  Guanajuato 
report  having  organized  a  company  to 
concentrate  the  sands  and  slimes  of  the 
Guanajuato  river. 

The  La  Luz  M.  Co.  of  Colorado  Springs, 
Colo.,  will  put  in  an  electric  hoisting  plant 
on  its  property  at  Guanajuato.  The  equip- 
ment will  consist  of  a  hoist  capable  of  lift- 
ing two  cages  from  depth  of  2000  feet  and 
the  necessary  accessories  and  machinery. 
Power  to  operate  the  plant  will  be  fur- 
nished by  the  Guanajuato  P.  &  E.  Co. 
The  La  Luz  Co.  is  increasing  development 
work. 

Mexico. 

At  Chalchiltepec,  district  of  Temescal- 
tepec,  50  miles  southwest  of  San  Juan  de 
las  Huertas  railroad  station,  near  Toluca, 
J.  F.  O'Brien  has  organized  a  company  to 
exploit  a  group  of  mines.  Mason  &  Mason 
have  bought  the  Santa  Rosalia  mine  and 
H.  Miller,  of  El  Oro,  is  superintendent. 
Operations  will  begin  next  week. 

Sonora. 

T.  W.  Poster,  manager  of  the  Missouri- 
Mexican  M.  Co.  of  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
which  has  a  group  of  antigua  properties 
at  Campo  Todos  Santos,  9  miles  southeast 
from  Suaqui  de  Batuc,  and  south  of  the 
Yaqui  river,  says  development  work  is 
progressing.  The  Missouri-Mexican  M. 
Co.  has  148  pretenencias,  showing  several 
ledges,  yielding  pay  ore.  The  ores  are 
copper,  carrying  values  in  gold  and  silver. 
One  of  the  veins  yields  lead  carbonates. 
The  company  is  composed  of  Eastern 
men,  and  they  will  put  in  a  plant  of  ma- 
chinery for  complete  development  of  the 
group.  G.  E.  Whittichof  Larned,  Kan.,  is 
president. 

Work  is  progressing  on  the  reduction 
plant  for  the  Ruby  G.  &.  C.  Co.,  at  Bata- 
mote,  east  from  Ortiz  station. 

The  concentrator  at  Salero,  in  Tyndall 
district,  Santa  Rita  mountains,  15 
miles  northwest  from  Patagonia,  is  in 
operation  and  concentrates  are  being 
shipped.  The  plant  is  owned  by  the  Ari- 
zona G.  &  C.  Co. 

F.  Morgan  has  resumed  operations  at 
the  antigua  mine,  La  Mexicana,  4 
miles  east  of  Cananea,  says  the  Oasis. 
The  mine  is  owned  by  Sacramento,  Cal., 
men,  operating  as  L.  L.  Louis  &  Co.  A 
shaft  is  being  sunk,  and  is  down  200  feet, 
cutting  into  the  old  workings.  Ship- 
ments of  silver  ores  will  be  resumed. 

NEW  ZEALAND. 

The  Waihi  Grand  Junction  G.  Co.,  near 
Waini,  reports  on  the  500-foot  level,  in 
northeasterly  direction,  219  feet  from  No. 
2  shaft;  the  width  of  No.  2  lode  has  been 


shown  4  feet,  with  assay  values  of  $28. 75  in 

gold. 

The  New  Zealand  Government  at  Well- 
ington  has   introduced    in    Parlit 

Public  Works  bill  providing  for  s  loan  of 

£1,000,000,     till liftlis     to     lie     deleted     to 

railways  and  the  remainder  to  land  settle- 
ment and  gold   mines. 

NICARAGUA. 

A  i..  '  iottsohalk,  United  states  (  onsul 
at  San  Juan  del  Norte,  says  there  are  seven 

■■mineral    regions"    or   ""roups  ,,f   mines  ill 

course  of  development  in  eastern  Nicara- 
gua,    The    regions  are    locally    known  as 

follows:    Pispis,   Tunki,    Siuna,   C (or 

Wanks),  Cuicuinita,  Rio  Grande  ami  l.a 
Grupera  (or  "El  Mien"  region).  The  labor 

61 yed  in  tin-  mines  of   this  part  of  the 

country  is  of  four  elasses:  l.  Mosquito 
and  other  Indians  for  making  trails,  fell- 
ing-timber,  and  machete  work  in  gem  ral. 

2.    English-speak  in"-  coast  nee  roes,  or  leill- 

breed6  ("coast   Creoles"),   for  work  under 

ground.  3.  Nicaraguans  from  the  inte- 
rior, for  same  purpose.  4.  For, 
(whites),  as  section  bosses,  commissaries, 
for  timbering;  and  for  other  skilled  labor. 
These  four  classes  of  labor  are  all  paid  in 
Central  American  silver  (1  peso  or  "sol" 
being  equal  to  38.4  cents  in  United  States 
currency),  and  laborers  earn  respectively 
by  the  day.  by  classes  1.  2,  3  and  4.  38.4c, 
57. (ie.  57. lie  and  $1.02  to  $2. (Ill  and  food, 
which  must  always  be ■  furnished  them  by 
the  mine.  One  mine  owner,  who  employs 
a  large  number  of  Mosquito  Indians,  says 
he  has  computed  the  expense  of  feeding 
his  men,  in  gangs  of  twenty-five,  at  10.2c 
per  diem. The  pay  of  laborers  as  quo- 
ted above  differs  materially  from  the 
wages  usually  given  in  the  interior  (mines 
of  Chontales,  Segovia,  and  other  depart- 
ments); as  in  the  interior  laborers  arc 
"matriculated" — that  is,  are  engaged  for 
a  term  of  months  under  a  "peonage''  sys- 
tem, the  local  military  authorities  enforc- 
ing fulfillment  of  contract  with  their  em- 
ployer whenever  necessary.  It  is  usual 
to  pay  them  an  "advance'' on  engaging 
them  (usually  less  than  one-half  the  first 
month's  wages). Water  power  is  avail- 
able, the  country  being  little  more  than  a 
network  of  rivers  and  their  tributaries. 
The  climate,  though  not  unhealthy,  is 
rainy  almost  throughout  the  year,"  and 
there  is  no  fear  of  sudden  drought, 
causing  the  rivers  to  run  dry,  as 
in  so  many  other  subtropical  regions. 
The  country  is  thickly  wooded,  and  timber 
abounds  for  purposesof  lumberingand  fuel. 

In    Tunki  region,    near  the  Prinza- 

polka  river,  the  principal  mines  are  the 
Bonanza,  Neptune  and  the  Atlas.  The 
Bonanza  mine,  J.  Lapierre  et.  al.,  owners, 
has  six  3j-foot  Huntington  mills  in  oper- 
ation.    The  Neptune  is  owned   by  F.  A. 

Pellas,    who    has    a    mill. On    Okum- 

wass  river,  the  Minnesota  mine  is  worked 
with  a  3J-foot  Huntington  mill  and  makes 
output  of  thirty  to  fifty  ounces  gold  per 
month.  The  owners  are  H.  A.  Maypother 
of  Jamaica  and  H.  Patterson. -In  Pis- 
pis  region,  up  Prinzapolka  river,  on  the 
Bambano,  the  principal  mines  are  the 
Siempre  Viva,  Constancia,  Concordia,  San 
Antonio,  Santo  Domingo  and  Lone  Star. 
The  last  named  is  owned  by  Smith,  Mc- 
Inness  &  Bluett.  In  ten  months  pre- 
ceding July,  1903,  they  crushed  43,040  tons 
of  ore,  yielding  $65,910.  Work  is  done 
with  a  3-2-foot   sectional  Huntington  mill, 

but  they  are  building  a  20-stamp  mill. 

The  Siempre  Viva  mine  for  the  first  five 
months  of  1903  produced  $34,169.31  with 
their  20-stamp  mill.  The  Siempre  Viva 
M.  Co.  has  headquarters  at  Bluefields  and 
S.  D.  Spellman  is  president. The  prin- 
cipal mines  in  Siuna  region  are  La  Luz  y 
Los  Angeles  (with  two  3J-foot  Hunting- 
tons),  Buenaventura  (owned  by  J.  Pi- 
zarro),  and  the  Santa  Rita  (owned  by  I. 
Osorio). La  Grupera  (or  El  Mica)  re- 
gion is  near  the  Escondido  river,  above 
town  of  Rama.  Brown  &  Harris  of  Blue- 
fields  own  a  group  of  150  claims,  as  the 
Topaz  M.  Co.  They  have  a  20-stamp  mill 
and  concentration  plant,  and  are  putting 

in  cyanide  process. The  work  done  on 

upper  reaches  of  the  Coco  is  principally 
placer;  same  applies  to  Rio  Grande,  which 
has  been  less  thoroughly  prospected.  La 
Rosalia  and  the  Hermandad  are  quartz 
mines  in  Cuicuinita  district,  both  the 
property  of  Chinese  merchants  at  Blue- 
fields.  The  district  takes  its  name  from 
the  Cuicuinita  river,  one  of  the  upper 
branches  of  the  Prinzapolka. 

EXPORTS  OF  GOLD   FROM   BLUEFIELDS   FROM 
JANUARY  1,  1900,  TO  JUNE  30,  1303. 

Quantity — 
Year —  Ounces.      Value. 

1900  13,3341-4    $216,507  25 

1901 16,741  259,077  00 

1902 22,718^       339,050  80 

1903  (flr.st  six  months) 13,100         192,670  00 

PERU. 

Frank  Klepetko,  consulting  engineer  for 
the  mines  at  Cerro  de  Pasco,  in  Junin  de- 
partment, owned  by  J.  B.  Haggin  et  al.  of 
New  York,  says  they  are  preparing  to  put 
in  an  extensive  smelting  plant  at  their 
mines. 


313 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


TASMANIA. 

The  Tasmania  G.  M.  Co.,  Ltd.,  has  been 
organized  in  London,  Eng.,  to  take  over 
the  mines  and  works  of  the  Tasmania  G. 
M.  &  Quartz  Crushing  Co.,  at  Beacons- 
field,  for  £266,500.  The  inflow  of  water 
in  the  lower  levels  has  made  it  necessary 
to  increase  capacity  of  pumping  plant. 
The  mine  has  been  worked  from  the  main 
shaft  to  depth  of  818  feet.  Another  shaft 
has  been  sunk  1100  feet,  cutting  the  vein 
at  1000  feet,  showing  width  of  7  feet.  The 
ore  shoot  has  been  opened  for  1500  feet. 
The  mine  is  said  to  be  worked  out  down 
to  the  718-foot  level.  The  ore  averages 
15  dwts.  gold  per  ton.  The  mill  has  105 
stamps  and  it  is  proposed  to  add  40  more. 
J.  Taylor  of  London,  Eng.,  is  manager. 


4  * 

I  Personal.  I 

*  * 

%  t^  ^  1^  ££>  Cp  i$i  £p  ip  ip  <p  If,  ^  t^  >$<  <3>  $  fp  <P  $>  <{1  *f>  <p  ^  <f<  ft 

E.  L.  Ballou  has  retured  from  Pony, 
Mont.,  to  Igo,  Cal. 

R.  S.  Slusher  is  in  Phoenix,  Ariz.,  ex- 
amining mining  property. 

J.  S.  Condon  of  Verdi,  Nov.,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  on  mining  business. 

C  K.  McCorniok  has  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  from  California  and 
Arizona. 

W.  H.  Linney,  manager  of  the  Dewey 
n  ines  at  Pearl,  Idaho,  is  examining  mines 
in  Arizona. 

H.  B.  Wright  is  chief  engineer  for  the 
Crow's  Nest  Pass  Coal  &  Coke  Co.,  at 
Fernie,  B.  C. 

J.  P.  Evans,  manager  of  the  Colorado 
Iron  Works  Co.,  Denver,  Colo.,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

D.  B.  Kemp,  of  Telluride,  Colo.,  in- 
terested in  Colorado  mines,  is  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

G.  E.  Bailey,  E.  M.,  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  has  gone  to  Washington,  D.  C,  on 
mining  business. 

G.  E.  Alexander  of  Denver,  Colo.,  is 
now  metallurgist  at  the  Crown  King  mine, 
Crown  King,  Ariz. 

F.  Searles  of  Nevada  City,  Cal.,  in- 
terested in  Nevada  county,  Cal.,  mines,  is 
in  San  Francisco,'  Cal. 

T.  E.  McSorley,  pf  Mokelumne  Hill, 
Cal.,  interested  in  Calaveras  county  mines, 
is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

President  J.  Dern  of  the  Con.  Mer- 
cur  mines  returned  this  week  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  from  Nebraska. 

H.  B.  Kaeding  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
has  gone  to  Corralitos,  Chihuahua,  Mex- 
ico, to  examine  mining  properties. 

H.  R.  Taylor  of  Cincinnati,  O.,  is  gen- 
eral superintendent  of  the  South  Percha 
G.  M.  &  M.  Co.  at  Hillsboro,  N.  M. 

Manager  J.  Dederichs  of  the  Black 
Diamond  mine  at  Stockton,  Tooele 
county,  Utah,  is  visiting  in  California. 

W.  A.  Byers  has  returned  to  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  from  Salmon  City, 
Idaho,  where  he  is  engaged  in  mining. 

William  Thompson,  manager  of  the 
Rossland-Kootenay  M.  Co.,  of  Rossland, 
B.  C,  has  gone  to  Mexico  on  a  short  busi- 
ness trip. 

J.  Richardson  returned  to  Salt  Lake 
■City,  Utah,  last  week  from  Montpelier, 
Idaho,  where  he  is  developing  mining 
properties. 

L.  E.  Cassatt,  superintendent  of  the 
Cassatt-Homestake  mine  near  Idaho 
Springs,  Colo.,  returned  last  week  from 
an  Eastern  trip. 

S.  C.  Hazelton  is  assistant  superin- 
tendent of  the  United  States  M.  Co.  'a 
plant  at  Bingham  Junction,  near  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah. 

R.  H.  Campbell  has  returned  to 
California  from  Nome,  Alaska,  where  he 
has  been  engaged  in  extensive  hydraulic 
mining  operations. 

W.  H.  Clary  Jr.,  manager  of  the 
South  Bank  mine,  near  Sheep  Ranch, 
Calaveras  county,  Cal.,  is  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  on  business. 

G.  W.  Smith  of  Florence,  Colo.,  is  ex- 
amining mining  properties  in  Chihuahua, 
Mexico,  for  the  El  Colorado  M.  &  M.  Co. 
of  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 

A.  F.  Crank  of  the  Blaisdell  Co.  has 
sailed  for  Johannesburg,  South  Africa, 
where  he  will  have  charge  of  the  compa- 
ny's South  African  business. 

Francis  T.  Freeland  has  resigned 
the  management  of  the  Smuggler  mine, 
Aspen,  Colo.  S.  I.  Hallett,  the  former 
manager,  will  resume  charge. 


B.  B.  Lawrence  of  New  York,  with 
J.  H.  Robeson  of  Georgetown,  Colo.,  have 
returned  from  a  visit  to  the  old  Whipsaw 
copper  property,  near  Briggs,  Ariz. 

F.  C.  Mueller,  vice-president  of  the 
Promontorio  G.  M.  Co.,  returned  to  No- 
gales,  Ariz.,  last  week  from  a  several 
weeks'  trip  to  California  on  mining  busi- 
ness. 

W.  Bayley  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
director  in  the  Tomboy  G.  M.  Co., 
Ltd.,  has  returned  from  the  company's 
mines  at  Telluride,  San  Miguel  county, 
Colo. 

A.  A.  Lane,  part  owner  of  the  La  Bufa 
M.  Co.,  operating  La  Bufa  mines  near 
Minas  Prietas,  Sonora,  Mexico,  returned 
to  the  mines  last  week  from  a  trip  to  Eng- 
land. 

Frank  Davis,  manager  of  the  Sonora 
M.,  M.  &  D.  Co.  and  the  Yaqui  S.  &  R. 
Co.,  operating  at  Toledo,  Ures  district, 
Sonora,  Mex.,  is  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
on  business. 

D.  S.  Johnson,  formerly  with  the 
American  S.  &  R.  Co.,  at  Aguascalientes, 
Mexico,  has  taken  a  position  with  the 
Pennsylvania  M.  Co.  at  Grass  Valley,  Ne- 
vada Co.,  Cal. 

J.  Conzette,  manager  of  the  Ruby  G. 
M.  Co.  at  Galena,  S.  D.,  is  in  Utah  exam- 
ining milling  plants,  with  a  view  to  plac- 
ing a  mill  on  the  Ruby  property  best 
adapted  to  the  ore  of  that  mine. 

J.  L.  Girodx,  president  and  manager 
of  the  Giroux  Con.  C.  Co.,  with  A.  M. 
Snedeker  et  al.,  have  gone  to  examine 
mines  in  Sonora,  Mex.,  after  a  trip  of  in- 
spection of  their  copper  mines  at  Ely, 
White  Pine  county,  Nev. 

T.  Rapson,  who  developed  the  Tri- 
mountain  mine,  near  Painesdale,  Mich., 
as  chief  mining  captain,  is  superintendent 
of  the  Miskwabik  mine,  near  Allouez,  Ke- 
weenaw county,  Mich.,  vice  Superintend- 
ent Scott  of  the  Phoenix  mine. 


;  Commercial  Paragraphs.  | 


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*  «■ 

The  Blaisdell  Co.  report's  having  40- 
foot  and  30-foot  class  A  excavators  under 
construction  at  Erith,  England, .for  ship- 
ment to  South  Africa. 

The  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  office  and  sup- 
ply house  of  the  New  York  Belting  & 
Packing  Co.  has  been  moved  from  509 
Market  St.  to  605-607  Mission  St.,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

The  Lunkenheimer  Co.,  of  Cincinnati, 
O.,  manufacturers  of  brass  and  iron 
steam  specialties  and  engineering  appli- 
ances, have  opened  a  branch  office  at  No. 
24  Boulevard  Voltaire,  Paris,  France, 
where  they  carry  a  complete  stock  of 
their  goods. 

A.  R.  Partridge,  Starr  King  Bldg., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  manufacturer  of  the 
centrifugal  impact  pulverizer,  reports 
shipping  one  machine  to  the  Rustlers  M. 
Co.,  in  El  Dorado  county,  Cal.  He  also 
reports  having  one  pulverizer  ready  for 
shipment  to  Lassen  county,  Cal. 

A.  E.  Lindrooth,  who  has  been  repre- 
senting the  Link  Belt  Machinery  Co.  in 
Denver  the  past  six  years,  has  formed  a 
partnership  with  his  assistant  in  the  Den- 
ver office,  Benedict  Shubart,  with  offices 
in  the  Boston  Block,  Denver,  Colo.,  and 
will  represent  the  Link  Belt  Co.,  as  here- 
tofore, as  well  as  the  Goodman  Mfg.  Co. 
of  Chicago,  111.,  manufacturers  of  high- 
grade  electrical  mining  machinery,  such 
as  mine  haulage  systems  and  traction 
locomotives,  and  also  the  Morgan  third- 
rail  system,  which  they  have  recently  ac- 
quired, and  now  in  use  throughout  the 
East. 

The  Crocker  -  Wheeler  Co.,  Ampere, 
N.  J.,  have  an  order  from  the  Lorain 
Steel  Co.,  Lorain,  O.,  through  the  Pitts- 
burg office,  for  forty-one  motors,  in  size 
from  2i  H.  P.  to  360  H.  P.;  another  order 
from  the  New. Jersey  Zinc  Co.,  Hazard, 
Pa.,  through  the  New  York  office,  is  for 
one  125  K.  W.  and  two  600  K.  W.  gene- 
rators, and  37  motors,  aggregating  401 
H.  P.  The  Philadelphia  office  placed  an 
order  from  the  Warren  Foundry  &  Ma- 
chine Co.,  of  Phillipsburg,  N.  J.,  for  one 
200  K.  W,  generator,  four  35  H.  P.  mo- 
tors and  two  60  H.  P.  motors,  and  through 
the  Chicago  office,  the  G.  H.  Hammond 
Co.  have  ordered  for  its  packing  plant,  at 
the  Union  Stock  Yards,  in  that  city,  one 
50  H.  P.,  one  25  H.  P.  and  two  20  H.  P. 
motors,  and  an  800  K.  W.  550  volt,  size 
896  engine-type  generator. 


Dividends. 


Bunker  Hill  &  Sullivan   M.   &  C.  Co., 
Idaho,  $30,000,  payable  Nov.  5. 


ftf  4*  >fc  •&  *  tfr  ifc  *  T&  &  4f  "4-  <fc  *J?  &  <fc  <&  <*  &  *Jj  *!j  <&  <i>  &  &  &  35 


Catalogues  Received. 


Catalogue  No.  o  (fourth  edition)  of  the 
Evans  hydraulic  elevators  and  hydraulic 
mining  machinery,  published  by  the  Ris- 
don  Iron  Works,  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
gives  copious  illustrated  data  on  principal 
machinery  points  connected  with  hy- 
draulic mining. 

Bulletin  No.  5  from  the  Mine  &  Smelter 
Supply  Co.,  Denver,  Salt  Lake  City,  El 
Paso  and  New  York,  treats  of  the  new 
No.  o  Wilfley  concentrator  recently  illus- 
trated and  described  herein.  The  treat- 
ise gives  a  good  detailed  description  of  the 
table,  tells  how  to  erect  and  operate  it, 
and  illustrates  its  several  parts. 

Catalogue  No.  37  from  the  F.  M.  Davis 
Iron  Works  Co.,  makers  of  mining  and 
milling  machinery,  Denver,  Colo.,  is  de- 
voted entirely  to  ore  milling  machinery 
and  treats  of  everything  connected  there- 
with from  rock  breakers  to  zinc  precipi- 
tating boxes.  Like  other  progressive 
publications  of  similar  character,  it  is 
standard  size  and  is  a  compendium  of  in- 
formation on  ore  milling  machinery. 

"Temporary  Edition,  33B-1903,"  is  the 
unpretentious  title  of  a  valuable  little 
treatise  on  air  compressors,  just  issued  by 
the  Ingersoll-Sergeant  Co.,  26  Cortland't 
street,  New  York  City,  which,  besides 
giving  illustrated  description  in  detail  of 
some  of  their  machinery,  contains  several 
tables  and  formulae  of  interest  to  any  one 
having  anything  to  do  with  rock  drills  or 
air  compressors.  The  little  book  is  of 
standard  size — 6x9 — and  deserves  place  in 
one's  working  library. 


Latest  riarket  Reports. 

San  Francisco,  November  6,  1903. 


Silver.— Per  oz.,  Troy:  London,  27Jd 
(standard  ounce,  925  fine);  New  York,  bar 
silver,  59fc,  refined  (1000  fine):  San  Fran- 
cisco, 59|c;  Mexican  dollars,  473@49c  San 
Francisco,  45Jc  New  York. 

During  the  past  two  weeks  silver  has 
taken  a  decided  slump  from  about  61 
cents  to  59|  cents.  All  interested  in  the 
silver  market  had  hoped  that  the  price 
would  be  maintained  above  60  cents.  Evi- 
dently the  withdrawal  of  the  Government 
from  the  market  is  having  its  effect, 
which  was  not  at  first  noticeable.  The 
market  will  now  probably  continue  weak 
until  the  Government  is  again  a  large 
buyer  of  the  metal. 

Copper. — New  York:  Standard,  $14.00; 
Lake,  1  to  3  casks,  $14.00;  Electrolytic,  1 
to  3  casks,  $13.75;  Casting,  1  to  3  casks, 
$13.50;  San  Francisco:  $15.00.  Mill  cop- 
per plates,  $17.00;  bars,  18@24c.  London: 
£58  10s  spot  per  ton. 

The  copper  market  shows  signs  of 
strength.  Prices  are  unchanged  from 
those  quoted  last  week,  but  sales  of  Lake 
are  reported  at  somewhat  higher  figures 
than  those  quoted  above. 

Lead.  — New  York,  $4.50;  Salt  Lake 
City,  $3.50;  St.  Louis,  $4.00;  San  Fran- 
cisco, $4.50,  carload  lots;  4|c  1000  to  4000 
lbs.;  pipe  6 J,  sheet  7,  bar  5|c;  pig,  $4.75. 
London:  £11  5s  $  long  ton. 

Spelter. — New  York,  $6.00;  St.  Louis, 
$5.10;  London,  £21  2s  6d  fl  ton;  San  Fran- 
cisco, ton  lots,  6jc;  100-lb.  lots,  7c. 

Tin.— New  York,  pig,  $25.75  @  26.00; 
San  Francisco,  ton  lots,  27J_c;  500  lbs.,  28c; 
200  tbs.,  28c;  less,  28}c;  bar  tin,  f,  ft.,  30® 
32c.     London,  £118. 

Platinum.  —  San  Francisco,  crude, 
$18.00  f,oz.;  New  York,  ingot,  $19.00  f, 
Troy  oz.  Platinum  ware,  75  @  80c  $ 
gram. 

Quicksilver.  —  New  York,  $46.00® 
47.00,  large  lots;  London,  £8  7s  6d;  San 
Francisco,  local,  $43@44  $1  flask  of  76J  lbs.; 
Denver,  $49.50.     Export,  $42.50@43.00. 

Babbitt  Metal. — San  Francisco,  No. 
1,  10c;  No.  2,  7c;  No.  3,  65c;  extra,  17Jc; 
genuine,  35c;  Eclipse,  37J.C. 

Solder.  —  Half-and-half,  100-ft.  lots, 
18.75c;  San  Francisco,  Plumbers',  100-lb. 
lots,  15.50c. 

Zinc. — Metallic,  chemically  pure,  f-,  lb., 
50c;  dust,  fl  lb.,  10c;  sulphate,  fl  ft.,  .04c. 

Nickel.— New  York,  50@60c  "§,  ft.;  ton 
lots,  40@47c. 

Aluminum. — New  York,  No.  1,  99% 
pure  ingots,  35c;  No.  2,  90%,  30@34c. 

Antimony.  —  New  York,  Cookson's, 
7}c;  Hallett's,  6|c;  San  Francisco,  1000-lb. 
lots,  8c;  300@500-lbs.,  83c;  100-1).  lots,  lOJc. 

STRUCTURAL    MATERIALS. 

Iron. — Pittsburg,  Bessemer  pig,  $16.35 
@17.10;  gray  forge,  $14.65;  San  Fran- 
cisco, bar,  3c  f  ft.,  3Jc  in  small  quantities. 

Steel.  —  Bessemer  billets,  Pittsburg, 
$27.O0@29.00;  open  hearth  billets,  $28.00 
@30.00;    San    Francisco,    bar,    7c   to   12c 


CHICAGO   CURRENT   QUOTATIONS. 

Bessemer $17  00@18  00 

Foundry  Northern  1 16  50@17  00 

Northern  2 16  00@16  50 

Northern  3 15  50@16  00 

Southern  1 16  10@ 

Southern  2 15  60® 

Southern  3 15  10®, 

Forge 14  85® 

Charcoal 19  00@20  00 

Billets,  Bessemer 28  00@29  00 

Bars,  iron 1  50@— 

Bars,  steel 1  75®  1  80 

Rails,  standard 28  00@30  00 

Rails,  light 28  00@34  00 

Plates,  boiler 1  90®  2  00 

Tank 1  75®  1  80 

Sheets,  26  store 2  90®  3  00 

No.  27 2  90®  3  00 

No.  28 3  00®  3  10 

Angles 1  75® 

Beams 1  75® 

Tees 1  80® 

Zees 1  75® 

Channels 1  75® 

Steel  melting  scrap 13  50@14  00 

Relaying  rails 23  00@25  00 

Dealers  forge 12  00®12  50 

No.  1  railroad  wrought 14  00@14  50 

No.  1  cast,  net  ton 13  00@14  00 

Iron  rails 17  00@17  50 

Car  wheels 17  00@18  00 

Cast  borings 5  25®  5  50 

Turnings 10  00@10  50 

Lumber.  —  (Retail):  Pine,,  ordinary 
sizes,  524.00@25.00;  extra  sizes  higher; 
redwood,  $28.00@30.00;  lath,  4  feet,  $4.50 
@5.00;  pickets,  $21.00;  shingles,  $2.50  for 
No.  1  and  $2.25  for  No.  2;  shakes,  $13.50 
for  split  and  $15.00  for  sawed;  rustic,  $28.00 
@35.00. 

NAILS. — Per  keg  (list  prices):  No.  20d 
to  60d,  Wire,  $3.35;  Cut,  $3.55;  lOd  to  16d, 
Wire,  $3.45;  Cut,  $3.35;  8d  Wire,  $3.50; 
Cut,  $3.50;  6d  and  7d,  Wire,  $3.60;  Cut, 
$3.60;  4  and  5d,  Wire,  $3.70;  Cut,  $3.70; 
3d,  Wire,  $3.85;  Cut,  $3.85;  2d,  Wire, 
$4.10;  Cut,  $4.10.  Special  rates  for  car- 
load lots. 

Lime. — Santa  Cruz,  $2.35;  Roche  Har- 
bor, $2.35  fl  bbl. 

Cement.—  Imported,  $2.50@2.75$bbl.; 
California  carload  lots,  $2.25  f.  o.  b.  at 
works;  small  lots,  $2.50  f  bbl.  in  sacks, 
4  sacks  to  bbl. 

GENERAL  SUPPLIES. 

Oils. — Linseed,  boiled,  bbl.,  49c;  cs., 
54c;  raw,  bbl.,  47c;  cs.,  52c;  Lucol  oil 
boiled,  bbl.,  44c;  cs.,  49c;  raw,  bbl.,  42c; 
cs.,  47c.  Kerosene — Pearl,  per  gal.,  22c; 
Astral,  22c;  Star,  22c;  Extra  Star,  26c; 
Eocene,  25c;  Elaine,  28c;  Water  White, 
in  bulk,  15Jc;  Mineral  Seal,  iron  bbls., 
19c;  wooden  bbls.,  21$c;  cs.,  25c;  Mineral 
Sperm,  cs.,  26Jc. ;  Deodorized  Stove  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  17c;  do.,  cs.,  23Jc;  86°  Gaso- 
line, bulk,  21c;  do.,  cs.,  27Jc;  63°  Naphtha 
or  Benzine,  deodorized,  in  bulk,  per  gal., 
13c;  do.,  in  cs.,  19Jc;  Lard  Oil,  E  W.  S., 
bbl.,  85c;  cs.,  90c;  Neats-foot  Oil,  pure, 
bbl.,  75c;  cs.,  80c;  Sperm,  crude,  50@60c; 
Natural  White,  70c;  Bleached,  do.,  75c; 
Whale  Oil,  cs.,  50(<i55c. 

Powder. — F.  o.  b.  San  Francisco:  No. 
1,  70%  nitro-glycerine,  per  lb.,  in  carload 
lots,  15Jc;  less  than  one  ton,  17Jc.  No.  1*, 
60%,  carload  lots,  13}.c;  less  than  one  ton, 
15£c.  No.  1**  50%,  carload  lots,  life;  less 
than  one  ton,  13|c.  No.  2,  40%,  carload 
lots,  10c;  less  than  one  ton,  12c.  No.  2, 
35%,  carload  lots,  9£c;  less  than  one  ton, 
11J.C.  No.  8**  30%,  carload  lots,  9c;  less 
than  one  ton,  lie.  Black  blasting  powder 
in  carload  lots,  minimum  car  728  kegs, 
$1.50  per  keg;  less  car  lots,  $2.00  per  keg. 

Caps.— 3x,  $5.50  per  1000;  4x,  $6.50;  5x, 
$8;  Lion,  $9,  in  lots  not  less  than  1000. 

FUSE.— Triple  tape,  $3.60  per  1000  feet; 
double  tape,  $3.00;  single  tape,  $2.65; 
Hemp,  $2.10;  Cement  No.  2,  $3.00;  Cement 
No.  1,  $2.65,  in  lots  of  3000  feet  and  up. 

Candles.— Granite  6s,  16  oz.,  40s.,  lie 
fS  set;  14  oz.,  40s.,  10c. 

Coal.  —  San  Francisco,  coast,  yard 
prices:  Wellington,  $8.00;  Seattle,  $6.50; 
Coos  Bay,  $5.50;  Southfield,  $8.00.  Cargo 
lots,  Eastern  and  foreign:  Wallsend,  $7.50; 
Brymbo,  $7.50;  Pennsylvania,  hd.,  $14.00; 
Scotch,  $8.00;  Cumberland,  $13.00;  Cannel, 
$8.50;  Welsh  Anthracite,  $13.00;  Rock 
Springs,  $8.50,  long  ton;  Colorado  An- 
thracite, $14.00.  Coke,  $10.50  per  ton  in 
bulk,  $13.00  in  sacks;  Sunnyside,  $8.50, 
long  ton. 

Chemicals.  —  Cyanide  of  potassium, 
98%-99%,  jobbing,  23@24c  f,  ft.;  carloads, 
23@23Jc;  in  tins,  30c;  soda  ash,  $2.00  $  100 
lbs.;  hyposulphite  of  soda,  3®3?, c  per  ft. ; 
caustic  soda,  in  drums,  3@3}c  f  lb.;  Cal. 
s.  soda,  bbls.,  $1.20@1.40$  100  lbs.;  sks., 
$1.05;  chlorate  of  potash,  12@13c;  nitrate 
of  potash,  bbls.,  10c;  caustic  potash,  10c 
in  40-ft.  tins;  roll  sulphur,  21@2Jc;  pow- 
dered sulphur,  2@3c;  flour  sulphur, 
French,  3J@3Jc;  alum,  $2.00@2.25;  Cali- 
fornia refined,  l^@2c;  sulphide  of  iron,  8c 
lift  ft.;  copper  sulphate,  5J@5Jc;  chloride  of 
lime,  spot,  $2.50@2.75;  sulphuric  acid,  in 
carboys,  66%  B,  lif@2e  f  lb.;  nitric  acid, 
carboys,  8c  $  lb. 


November  7,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


21 


Bone  Ash.— Extra  No.  1,  5@6c  f,  lb. 
No.  1,  4@5c. 

White  Lead. — Per  lb.,  in  kegs:  500  lbs. 
and  over  at  ono  purchase,  per  tb.,  6c;  less 
than  500  lbs.,  per  B>.,  7c;  in  25-lb.  tin  pails, 
Jc  ¥1  B>.  above  keg  price:  in  1  and  5-B>  tin 
cans.  100  lbs.  per  case,  Jc.  per  lb.  above 
keg  price.  Dry  Lead — In  bbls.,  1  ton  and 
over,  6c;  do.  in  kegs,  6Jc. 

Red  Lead.— 500  R>s.  and  over  at  one 
purchase,  $  lb.,  6Jc;  lees  than  500  lbs.,  7c. 

Litharge.— Pure,   in  25-lh.  bags,  8@9c 

$n>. 

Borax.— Concentrated,  6@7c  $  lb;  pow- 
8@10c;  fused,  20@25o;  crystal,  7c; 
calcined,  25c. 

Manganese.— Pure,   j*  lb.,  60c. 

Sodium.— Metal,  ?,  lb.,  $1.00. 

Bismuth.— Subnitrate,  $  lb.,  $1.75. 

Mercury.— Bichloride,  *f»  lb.,  HOc. 

Molybdenum. — *2.oo  $  lb, 

Chromium.— 90%  and  over,  V  lb.,  $1.00. 

Phosphorus. — American,  "$  lb.,  75c. 

Silver.— Chloride,  $  oz.,  90c@$1.00; 
nitrate,  55c. 

Aluminum. — No.  L,  99?^,  small  lols, 
S7o  f!  lb.;  100  lbs.,  35c;  1000  lbs,  34c:  ton  lots 
and  over,  33c,  Pittsburg.  No.  2,  90%', 
small  lots,  34c;  ton  lots  and  over,  31c, 
Pittsburg. 

Uranium.— Oxide,  B  ">-.  *3.50. 

(These  prices  are  wholesale,  f.  o.  b.  San 
Francisco,  unless  otherwise  noted.) 


New  Patents. 


Dbwby,  Strong  &  Co.'s  scientific  Press 
Patent  Agency,  330  Market  St.,  S.  F.,  has  official 
reports  of  the  following  U.  S.  patents  issued  to 
Pacitle  Coast  inventors: 

FOR  THE   WEEK   ENDING    OCTOBER  27,    1903. 

313,876.—  Fishing  Reel  — A.  J.  Arnold,  National 
City,  Cal. 

742.385.— M  I.XEH— H.  W.  Blaisdell.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

712, 889.— Pipe  Wrench— P.  D.  Bullard.  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

743,397.—  Puzzle— W.  S.  Day.  Spokane,  Wash. 

742,786.— Lubricator— E.  K.  Green,  Los  Angeles, 

742,421.— Bake  Oven— M.  Hennings,  S.  F. 

742,648.— On,  burner— A.  W.  Hess,  San  Jose,  Cal. 

742,787.— SASH  Fasteneh  —  F.  G.  High,  Los  An- 
geles, Cal. 

742,332.— Ratchet  Clutch  —  J.  H.  G.  &  P.  R. 
Kunnv,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

742,451.— Water  Supply  for  Well  Drills— W. 
H.  Ladlev,  Maricopa,  Cal. 

742,462.— Traction  Wheel  — J.  W.  Livermore, 
Berkeley,  Cal. 

742,699.— Roost— C.  H.  Mattox,  Baker  City,  Or. 

742,717.— Conveyor— W.  L.  McCabe.  Seattle, Wash. 

742. 47s. —Hand  Bag— W.  W.  McCormick,  S.  F. 

742,207.— Garment  Hanger  —  A.  Mieden,  Sump- 
ter,  Or. 

742.471.— Pump— Morrice  &  Grim.  Sonora,  Cal. 

742,724. — Shade  Fixture— J.  Nicholas,  Berkeley, 
Cal. 

742,480.— Generator— E.  I.  Nichols.  S.  F. 

742,800.— Harness— J.  N.  Patten,  Colegrove,  Cal. 

742.726.— Battery— J.  A.  Pedrazzi,  Carmel,  Cal. 

742,235.— Tramway— B.  C.  Riblet,  Spokane,  Wash. 

742,236.— Tramway  Grip— B.  C.  Riblet,  Spokane, 
Wash. 

742,509.— Horseshoe— C.  W.  Smith.  Renton,  Wash. 

742,510.— Concentrator  —  C.  H.  Snow,  Stockton, 
Cal. 

742,752.—  Harrow- N.  W.  Thompson,  Erskineville, 
Or. 

742,529.— Water  Motor  —  Trenchard  &  Heath, 
Gannel,  Cal. 

742,546.— Time  Limit  Ticket— R.  W.  Wood,  Seat- 
tle, Wash. 

Notices  of  Recent  Patents. 


1IENKY  CAREY  BAIRD  4:  CO., 
Industrial   Publishers,  Booksellers  and  In 

SIO  Walnut  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pn.,  I  .  S.  A. 

«*-  Our  New  and  Revieed  Catoiogut  of  F'nictical 
end  Scientific  Books,  92  pages,  wo.;  a  Catalogue  of 

linoke  on   Metallurgy,  iiit.ing,  trospecli  0.   Miner- 
alogy, Otology,  Assaying,  Analysis,  etc  :  a  Catalogue 
of  liooke  on  ateain  and  the  Steam  Engine,  Martiin- 
ery,  el*   ;  a  Catalogue  of  Bo»k*  on  Bat 
i>u*  Fitting,  Ptvmbing,  etc.;  and  our  other  uata- 

(injur*  Hi"!  Circubir*.  lit,  tinote  cot  (ring every  branch 

oj  v Hence  applied  to  tht  Arts,  sent  free  and  free  of 

postage  to  any  one  in  any  part  or  tf<<  world  <<tio  will 
furnish  his  address. 


MACHINERY   FOR    SALE. 


A  COMPETENT  MILLMAN  OF  in  YEARS'  KX- 
perience  would  like  to  take  charge  of  a  mill  in 
any  part  Of  the  country.  understanding  cyanidlng 
thoroughly.     Wife   would   like   to  take  charge    of 

hoarding  house  a  l  same  place.    Address  \V '.  i.I.,  rare 
of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 

AN  ASSAYER  AND  CHEMIST  WITH  TWELVE 
years'  experience  in  mining,  milling,  smelting 
and  cyanide  work  desires  a  position.  Best  of  refer- 
ences.   Address  Box  379,  Central  CUy,  Colo. 


CYANIDE  CHEMIST  WHO  HAS  SUCCESS- 
fully  managed  cyanide  plants  will  be  open  for 
engagement  in  November.  Ten  years'  experience 
In  different  countries.  Reasonable  salary.  Address 
"Reliable,"  care  of  this  office. 

FIRST-CLASS    STATIONARY   ENGINEER;  25 
years' experience  in  mills  .and  mines.    Address 
Frank  Wagner,  Brooklyn  Hotel,  San  Francisco. 


Among  the  patents  recently  obtained  through 
Dewey,  Strong  &  Co.'s  Scientific  Press  U.  S. 
and  Foreign  Patent  Agency,  the  following  are 
worthy  of  special  mention : 

Wateb.  Supply  Devices  for  Well  Drilling. 
—No.  742,451.  Oct.  27, 1903.  Wm.  L.  Ladley,  Mari- 
copa, Cal.  One-half  assigned  to  R.  L.  Peeler  of 
same  place.  This  invention  consists  of  an  open- 
bottomed  cylinder  provided  with  a  valve  by  which 
the  bottom  may  be  closed  or  opened  at  will;  a 
means  for  raising  and  lowering  the  device  within 
the  well,  and  a  means  for  opening  the  valve  when 
it  reaches  the  bottom  of  the  well  and  holding  it 
open  until  the  contents  of  the  apparatus  are  dis- 
charged. The.object  of  the  invention  is  to  provide 
a  means  for  placing  the  required  quantity  of  water 
at  the  bottom  of  the  well  and  discharging  it  gently 
and  without  motion  by  simply  raising  the  recepta- 
cle after  the  bottom  has  been  opened  to  allow  the 
water  to  flow  out. 

Hand  or  Like  Containing  Bags.— No.  742,478. 
Oct.  27,  1903.  Wm.  W.  McCormick,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  The  object  of  this  invention  is  to  so  construct 
the  bag  that  the  ends  are  substantially  of  the  same 
width  from  top  to  bottom  of  the  bag,  and  to  so  con- 
nect them  with  a  frame  having  a  radius  not 
greater  than  the  diameter  of  the  bag,  that  the 
upper  ends  may  be  raised  when  the  bag  is  opened 
and  folded  when  the  bag  is  closed  in  an  approxi- 
mately vertical  plane  and  without  projecting  into 
or  outwardly  from  the  bottom  of  the  bag. 

Concentrators.  —  No.  742,510.  Oct.  27,  1903. 
C  H.  Snow,  Stockton,  Cal.  The  object  of  this  in- 
vention is  to  make  a  concentrating  table  that  will 
admit  of  working  pulps  of  different  degrees  of  fine- 
ness simultaneously  and  independently  of  each 
other  upon  oppositely  inclined  tables,  which  are 
independently  adjustable  and  have  a  common  con- 
cussive  movement. 

Pumps.— No.  742,471.  Oct.  27,  1903.  G.  Morrice 
and  C.  G.  Grim,  Sonora,  Cal.  This  invention  re- 
lates to  improvements  in  pumps  of  the  double-act- 
ing type,  in  which  a  reciprocating  plunger  is 
adapted  to  draw  water  alternately  into  valve- 
controlled  passages  connecting  with  the  pump 
barrel  above  and  below  the  plunger  and  to  dis- 
charge the  water  in  a  continuous  stream.  Its  ob- 
ject is  to  provide  a  pump  of  this  character  suitable 
particularly  for  deep-mining  operations,  which 
shall  be  simple  in  construction  and  which  is  read- 
ily convertible  into  a  single-acting  pump,  thereby 
allowing  repairs  or  renewals  to  be  made  without 
suspending  the  operation  of  the  pump. 


MINING  ENGINEER  OF  GOOD  STANDING, 
with  twelve  years'  experience  in  mines  and 
mills,  wants  position  as  expert.  School  of  Mines 
graduate.    Address  V.  X.,  this  office. 


PRACTICAL  EXPERIENCE  IN  METAL  MIN- 
ing,  installing  and  operating  steam  boilers,  en- 
gines and  miningmachinery,  together  with  a  thor- 
ough course  in  mining  engineering  at  the  Scranton 
schools,  enables  me  to  be  thoroughly  competent  to 
take  hold  of  a  new  property  and  develop  it  by  the 
latest  scientific  mode  of  mining  to  a  paying  basis. 
Can  furnish  Al  reference.  Open  for  engagement 
after  January  1st,  1904.  THEO.  T.  SWIFT,  Muske- 
gon, Mich.    Lock  Box  113. 


SUPERINTENDENT  WANTS  POSITION  WITH 
substantial  company.  Practical  miner,  mill- 
man,  assayer  and  cyanide  expert.  Address  Supt., 
this  office. 


WANTED  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED  MINING 
Engineer  and  Manager,  a  position  as  mine 
manager  in  gold,  silver  or  copper  proposition,  with 
a  first-class  corporation.  Have  had  35  years'  ex- 
perience in  TJ.  S.  and  Mexico;  prefer  Mexico. 
Speak  Spanish,  German,  French  and  English.  Am 
well  acquainted  with  Mexico,  and  am  employed 
now.  Desire  a  change  between  November  and 
January  1st,  1904.  Salary  expected  not  less  than 
$5000  per  annum.  Can  furnish  the  best  of  refer- 
ence. Address  "Mine  Manager,"  care  of  Mining 
and  Scientific  Press,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


WISH  POSITION  AS  SUPERINTENDENT  OP 
a  mine,  assayer,  millman,  steam  engineer,  or 
tool  sharpener.  Fifteen  years'  experience.  Have 
good  assay  outfit.  Address  J.  L.  WETMORE,  Rich 
Gulch,  Calaveras  Co.,  Cal. 


WANTED— POSITION  BY  AN  EXPERIENCED 
Analytical    Chemist,  Assayer  and  Millman. 
References  furnished.    Address  H.  T.  S.,  this  office. 


YOUNG  GRADUATE  OF  A  GOOD  MINING 
school  desires  position  in  a  mine  where  there 
will  be  chance  for  advancement.  Good  assayer, 
chemist,  surveyor,  and  draughtsman.  Address 
G.  R.,  care  of  Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


WRITE  TO  US 

FOR   COMPETENT 

TECHNICAL    MEN 

For   all   classes  of    work.     FIVE    THOUSAND 
POSITIONS  FILLED  IN  TEN  YEAKS. 

ENGINEERING  AGENCY, 

210  Monadnock  Block,  CHICAGO. 


ASSESSMENT   NOTICES. 


For  Sale-Thirty  Bottom  Dump  Cars, 

ALL  STEEL,  ENTIRELY  NEW.     CAPACITY  5  CU.  YDS  ,  STANDARD  GAUGE. 

These  oars  sei  very  low  to  track  and  can  ba  readily  to 
hand.    Suitable  for  handling  stone,  ore  shale,  marl,  or  other  ma- 
terial.    \n  exc<  llent  car  n>r  contractors'  use.    Shlpmeni  can  be 
mode  within  80  days.    For  runner  Informal  ion,  n  rite 

THE  ATLAS  CAR  &  MFG.  CO.,  Cleveland,  O. 


F^OR   SALE, 

Several  Lots  of  New  and  Second-Hand  Standard 
Rotary  Mine  Cars  at  a  low  Ogure. 

Also,  New  and  Relaying  Rails— 12,  16,  20  and 
25-pound.    Immediate  delivery. 

THE  ATLAS  CAR  &  MFG.  CO. 

CLEVELAND,  OHIO. 


GOLDEN  WEST  MINING  AND  MILLING 
Company.— Location  of  general  place  of  busi- 
ness, San  Francisco,  California;  location  of  works, 
Tuolumne  County,  California. 

Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  held  on  the  11th  day  of  Septem- 
ber, 1903,  an  assessment  (No.  1)  of  one  (1)  cent  per 
share  was  levied  upon  the  capital  stock  of  the  cor- 
poration, payable  immediately  in  United  States 
gold  coin,  to  the  secretary,  at  the  office  of  the  com- 
pany, 123  California  street,  Room  423,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

Any  stock  upon  which  this  assessment  shall  re- 
main unpaid  on  the  24th  day  of  October,  1903,  will 
be  delinquent,  and  advertised  for  sale  at  public 
auction;  and,  unless  pavment  is  made  before,  will 
be  sold  on  WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  Novem 
her,  1903,  to  pay  the  delinquent  assessment,  to 
gether  with  the  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

CHAS.  BOVONE,  Secretary. 
Office— 123  California  street,  Room  423,  San  Fran- 
cisco, California. 

POSTPONEMENT. 

Notice  is  hereby  given  that  the  date  of  the  delin- 
quency of  the  stock  referred  to  in  the  above  notice 
is  hereby  extended  from  October  24th,  1903,  to  No- 
vember 11th,  1903,  and  the  day  appointed  for  the 
sale  of  delinquent  stock  in  the  above  notice  is  here- 
by extended  from  November  18th,  190&  until  Decem- 
ber 7th,  1903,  by  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
said  corporation  duly  entered  of  record. 

CHAS.  BOVONE,  Secretary. 


Prescott    Mine   Pump. 

NEW.        NEVER     INSTALLED. 

Size  15x23x39x  10x24  inches.  Triple  expansion, 
pot  form,  with  air  pump,  surface  condenser  and 
appurtenances. 

CLOVER  LEAF  GOLD  MINING  CO  , 

Roubaix,  South  Dakota. 


A  COMPLETE  CONCENTRATING  PLANT 

Can  be  bought  at  12c  on  the  $1.  The  machinery  is 
of  the  highest  type  and  in  good  condition. 
One  200  h.  p.  Corliss  Type  Engine.  Two  Safety 
Tube  Babcock  &  Wilcox  Boilers,  about  250  h.  p. 
One  800-lb.  High  Mortar  40-stamp  Mill,  rapid  drop. 
One  9x15  in.  Blake  Crusher.  Eight  Tullock  Auto- 
matic Ore  Feeders.  Twelve  Double-end  3-Com- 
partment  Hartz  Jigs.  One  4-Compartment  Single 
Hartz  Jig.  Six  Sets  Revolving  Screens,  all  housed 
in.  Two  Sets  of  Elevators,  complete.  All  neces- 
sary Sharting,  Pulleys,  Boxes,  Belting  and  most  of 
the  piping,  etc.  This  plant  has  been  used  very  lit- 
tle. It  cost  $100,000;  if  sold  at  once,  will  take  $12,- 
000  for  it.    Located  on  the  D.  &  R.  G.  Ry. 

S.  S.  MACHINERY  COMPANY, 

1529  Lawrence  St.,  Denver,  Colo. 


\^/ff^S)epv>er^ 


FOR  IMMEDIATE  SHIPMENT 


In  addition  to  our  large  stock  of  Ma- 
chinery, we  have  a  number  of  complete 
plants  of  different  kinds.  Write  us  for 
specifications  of  any  of  these. 

COMPRESSORS. 

30x28x48  Rand  Duplex. 
24x30x60  Union  Iron  Works. 

24x24^x30  Ingersoll-Sergeant  Straight 

Line, 
10x10x24  Ixigersoll-Sergeant  Straight  Line. 
16x18x12x22  Leyner, 
17x2(1x10x10  Leyner. 
22x24x1  8'£x2u  Norwalk. 
10xl6Kxl0^xl2  Ingersoll-Sergeant  Duplex. 
12x12x10  Rand  Straight  Line. 
I2'jxl4  Rand  Duplex,  Belted. 
10x7x8  Hughes  Single. 
8x9x12  Leyner. 


Partial  List  of  MINING  MACHINERY  FOR  SALE. 

5,  10  and  20-Stamp  Mill,  Concentrators  and  Rock 

Breakers. 
1—150  H.  P.  Duplex  Air  Compressor. 
1  Compound  Norwalk  Duplex  Air  Compressor,  17^x 

26x30. 
1    Double   Drum    Hydraulic  Hoist,   2  6-ft.   Pelton 

Wheels. 
1_126"  Pelton  Water  Wheel. 
1  Double  10x12  Hendy  Hoist. 
1  Double  8x10  and  Single  8x12  Hoist. 
1  Direct  Connected  Electric  Hoist,  4-ft.  Drum. 
2—3  H.  P.  125-volt  Westinghouse  Motors. 
1—150  H.  P.  Stanley  Alternating  Motor. 
1—384  H.  P.  Stanley  Alternating  Motor. 
1—30  H.  P.  Stanley  Starting  Motor. 
1— 200-ampere  550-volt  Multipolar  Generator. 
1—75  H.  P.  Motor,  500  volts,  connected  with  Dow 

Triplex  Pump,  capacity  350  gals,  per  minute, 

500-ft.  head. 

1  Duplex  Dow  Pump,  28"  stroke,  8"  suction,r6"  dis- 

charge. 

2  Duplex  Hookers,  6"  suction,  5"  discharge. 

1  Worthington  Duplex,  4"  suction,  2"  discharge. 

1  Compound  Buffalo  Duplex,  10x16x8^x10. 

1  Knowles  Sinking  Pump,  16x10x14. 

A  number  of  smaller  Pumps;  6"  Jack  Head. 

800  H.  P.  of  Return  Tubular  Boilers. 

A  number  of  Engines;  10  Air  Drills. 

5  Rock  Crushers,  various  sizes. 

8000  ft.  16-lb.  Rail;  2,  3,  4,  5  and  6"  Pipe. 

2000  ft.  10-lb.  Soft  Steel  Air  Pipe. 

We  have  not  room  to  list  everything.  Write  us, 
stating  your  needs.  Address  J.  B.  JARDINE,  220 
Fremont  St.,  or  F.  DET7TCH,  148  Second  St.,  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  for  further  particulars. 

Write  for  List  B  for  machinery  on  hand. 


BOILERS. 


4—350  H. 
2—250  H. 
1—1511  H. 
1— 00x16. 
3—60x10. 
1—54x16. 
2—54x14, 
2—48x14, 
8—44x13, 
1—10x12, 
2—10x10, 
1—30x10 
1—50  H. 
1—20  H. 
2—15  H. 
2—10  H. 
1—25  H. 
2— 20  H. 
1— 18  H. 
1—16  H. 
3—15  H. 
2—10  H. 
!H. 


P.  Babcock  &  Wilcox. 
.  P.  Abendroth  &  Root. 
P.  National  Water  Tube. 
100  II.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

80  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

70  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

60  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

50  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

40  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

30  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

25  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 

15  H.  P.  Horizontal  Tubular. 
P.  Locomotive  Type. 
P.  Locomotive  Type. 
P.  Locomotive  Type. 
P.  Locomotive  Type. 
P.  Vertical  Tubulin 


■  5H. 


Vertical  Tubular. 
Vertical  Tubular. 
Vertical  Tubular. 
Vertical  Tubular. 
Vertical  Tubular. 
Vertical  Tubular. 
Vertical  Tubular. 


Send  for  Complete  Machinery  List, 


THE  MACHINERY  DEPq, 

TheSH'&v 

22NDa"dLARI 


OF  THE  WEST 

ppgrCb. 

rSts.,  Denver,  Colo. 


FOR  SALE— ONE  6"  x  30"  HIGH  SPEED 

CRUSHING  ROLL. 

Made  bv  Colorado  Iron  Works.  Used  six  months. 
Cost  $1300.  Price,  S450  cash.  G.  L.  BROOKS, 
Albuquerque,  N.  M. 


FOR  SALE. 


• 


] 


A  paid-up  Hydraulic  Engineering:  Scholarship  in 
the  International  Correspondence  Schools  of  Scranton, 
Pa.,  tor  sale  at  a  sacrifice. 

Address  1268  Harrison  St.,  Oakland,  CaL 


FOR     SALE. 

Cinnabar  Property,  Over  180  Acres,  in 
El  Dorado  County,  California. 

PARTIALLY  DEVELOPED. 

BERNARD  CINNABAR  MINING  CO.,  Room  E, 
Academy  of  Sciences  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 

INYO  MARBLE  COMPANY  OF  CALIFORNIA.— 
■  Location  of  principal  place  of  business,  San 
Francisco,  California;  location  of  works,  Inyo,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Notice— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  following 
described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  (No.  37) 
levied  on  the  18th  day  of  August,  1903,  the  several 
amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  respective 
shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.         No. 

Names.  Cert.    Shares.    Amt. 

Geo.  Dillmann 530     '       980        IMS)  00 

F.  A.Berlin 487  400  20  00 

Nathan  Bibo 551  60  3  00 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  from 
the  Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  18th  day  of 
August,  1903,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of  such 
stock  as  may  be  necessary,  w,ill  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  at  the  office  of  the  company,  Room' 30,  fifth 
floor.  Mills  Building,  San  Francisco,  California,  on 
WEDNESDAY,  the  18th  day  of  November,  1903,  at 
the  hour  of  3  o'clock  p.  m.  of  said  day,  to  pay  said 
delinquent  assessment  thereon,  together  with  costs 
of  advertising  and  expenses  of  sale. 

CHARLES  E.  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

Office— Room  30,  fifth  floor.  Mills  Building,  San 
Francisco,  California. 


DELINQUENT  SALE  NOTICE. 

1  ARKIN  MINING  COMPANY.— LOCATION  OF 
L  principal  place  of  business,  San  Francisco, 
California;  location  of  works,  El  Dorado  County, 
near  Placerville,  California. 

Notice— There  are  delinquent  upon  the  following 
described  stock,  on  account  of  assessment  (No.  15) 
levied  on  the  21st  day  of  September,  1903,  the  sev- 
eral amounts  set  opposite  the  names  of  the  re- 
spective shareholders,  as  follows: 

No.         No. 

Names.  Cert.     Shares.     Amt. 

Alex.  P.  Christie 192  300      $7  50 

Alex.  P.  Christie 193  34  85 

Han-v  P.  Christie 196  300        7  50 

Harry  P.  Christie 197  33  82'/2 

Robert  Christie 198  300       7  50 

Robert  Christie 199  33  82!4 

Chas.  E.  Elliott 284  250        6  25 

E.  A.  Selfridge,  Trustee 316  500      12  50 

M.  Yancy 335  100        2  50 

And  in  accordance  with  law,  and  an  order  from 
the  Board  of  Directors,  made  on  the  21st  day  of 
September,  1903,  so  many  shares  of  each  parcel  of 
such  stock  as  may  be  necessary,  will  be  sold  at 
public  auction,  at  112  Main  street,  San  Francisco, 
California,  on  MONDAY,  the  16th  day  of  Novem- 
ber, 1903,  at  the  hour  of  2  o'clock  p.  m.  of  said  day. 
to  pay  said  delinquent  assessment  thereon,  to- 
gether with  costs  of  advertising  and  expenses  of 

■       N.  F-.  REMINGTON,  Secretary. 
Office— 112  Main  street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Cement     Edition! 

Qy|  Pages,  10x12,  of  splendidly  illustrated  matter, 
fc"  educational  in  its  scope,  covering  in  a  compre- 
hensive way  the  wonderful  growth  of  the  American 
cement  trade  and  the  many  remarkable  aspects  of 
this  remarkable  industry.  Will  be  mailed  on  re- 
ceipt of  10  cents  and  mention  of  this  paper. 

THE  WESTERN  MINER  AND  FINANCIER, 

Cooper  Building,  Denver.  Colorado. 


.... 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  7,  1903. 


A  Self -Contained  Cyanide 
PumpandEngine* 

Capacity  75  to  100  Gallons  per  Minute. 

YOU  GET 

A  iirst.  oluss  Gasoline  ftuglllQ, 

a  2-Juob  Centrifugal  rump. 

A  Uonvy  ivon  Boss  tor  Engine  nmi  Pump; 

Cut  Driving  Hours. 

Fuel  TunH  iuhI  nil  oonuQotions. 

SntirUiiif:  l>\  iiiuuo  mul  Colls. 

Oilers  and  wrenches. 
Attach  Suction  and  Discharge  Pipes     Th.tfs  all. 
Engine  Automatic* 

We  build  Stationary  and  Hoisting  Engines  up  to 

500  Horse  Power. 

HERCULES  GAS   ENGINE  WORKS, 

SAN    FRANCISCO. 


Fin  Cost  10  vti  nil  i  Oils 

NEW    TYPE 

DREDGER 

BASEO  ON 
YEAT/V\AN'S 

Sand  onci  Gravel 
F*umps. 

Capacity,   1500  to    2000  cu.  yds.  daily. 

Operating  expense  very  low. 

Write  tot  Cut&loguo. 

IOHN  A.  YEATMAN  &  CO.,  13  First  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


S-IN.  SAND  AND  GRAVEL  PUMP. 


Improved    Gold     Dredge 


DESIGNED  AND  MANUFACTURED  BY 


THE  BUCYRUS  COMPANY.  S0UT^NL^AUKEE- 
The  Western  Engineering  &  Construction  Company. 

PACIFIC  COAST  REPRESENTATIVES,  40S-JH  RIALTO  BUILDING,  SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL. 

THE  MARION   STEAM  SHOVEL  CO,, 

No.   644  W.  Center   Street,    MARION,   OHIO,  U.   S.   A. 

Steam  Shovels, 

Traction  Dredges, 
Dipper  and  Clam-Shell  Dredges, 

Suitable  for  all  kinds  of  Excavating  Work,  also 
Wigging    DiretifS.  Leveeing,  Canal  Con- 
struction, etc,  making  a  specialty  of 

PLACER  MININQ  MACHINES, 

separate  or  self-contained,  either  as  a  dry  land 
excavator  or  floating:  dredge. 

We  matw  our  own  Steel  and  Grey  Iron  Castings 
also  our  own  Chain. 

GEO.  W.  BARNHART,     Western  Manager. 
No.  4  Sutter  St..  SAN  FRANCISCO.  CAL 


SMOOTH-ON 


IRON  CEMENTS 


Unequal  v  .  stopping  leaks  In  boiler  seams,  piping,  around  rive*  heads,  etc. 

<■.■-.•-.'-  On  when  mixed  with  water  becomes  s  hard  metallic  Iron  that  expands  and  contracts  the 
same  as  iron  and  withstands  ftre,  water,  steam,  or  oil.  When  app)  ,..  fee  g  blemish  in  a  easting'  the 
blemish  is  removed.    Sold  In  \  u>  wad  ad    Dos  Litustrated  book  free.    When  ordering 

..;-  «  b&1  USA. 
Sole  proprietors  and  m;»nuf:wmr(>rs.  SMOOVIl-ON    M  VO,  OCX,  Jersey  City,  N,  «J. 

WESTERN    REPAIR  &  SUPPLY  CO.,  Agents  for  Pacific  Coast, 

MMtS  East   St.  and  81-63  Stcnart  St..  SAX  FRANCISCO.  CAL. 


REMEMBER, 

Leviathan   Belting 

may  be  subjocted  to  the  most  excessive  conditions,  be  they  heat, 
steam  or  moisture,  without  injury.    NO  PARTS  TO  SEPARATE. 

WILL  OUTWEAR  TWO  RUBBER  BELTS.  . 

HAIN  BELTING  COHPANY,  \  and 

55-67  Market  Street,  Chicago.  i  ELEVATORS. 

Philadelphia,  Boston,  Buffalo. 


INTERIOR    VIEW     OF    THE 

CYCLONE 

FINE   GRINDING   ORE 

MILL. 


l*»tent\\l  throughout  the  Wot^. 


Has   beeu  nperl  for    wet    process   but 
tmtu  Hud  Intended  for  dry  grinding. 

FIVE     SIZES, 

BUILT  FOR  HARD  WORK, 

SELF-OILING, 

RUNS  LIKE  A  WATCH, 

LARGE  OUTPUT, 

SMALL  HORSEPOWER, 

FINEST  POWDER  IF  DESIRED. 

IT     GRINDS    PAST, 

No  Bolts  and  Nuts  in  onr  Ami  Wheel 
to  work  loose  and  wear  out. 

In  stock  In  Chicago. 

E.  H.  STROUD  &CO. 

AGENTS  AND  MFRS.  FOB  UNITED  STATES,  CANADA  AND  MEXICO. 

30    TO    36    LA    SALLE    STREET,  CHICAGO,    U.   S.  A. 

San  Francisco— O.  P.  Low,  19  Spear  St. 


REGAL  METALLIC  PACKING. 

THE  ORIGINAL.  GRANULATED  AND  LUBRICATED 
METALLIC  PACKING. 

It  Is  a  combination  of  the  finest  metal  and  graphite  In  granular  form,  and  for  convenience 

of  handling  tt  Is  put  in  (hln  cotton  tubes,  sill  sizes,  ;is  sliowu. 

Goes  in  the  ordinary  Stuffing  Box. 
Reduces  friction, 
It  always  remains  lubricated. 
Can  be  used  over  and  over  again, 
It  never  wears  out. 

Send  for  Description. 

REGAL  PACKING  CO., 

1408  Konadnook  Bldg> 

CHICAGO.  ILL. 

PACIFIC   CO/\ST    ACEINTS: 

HUNT  BROS.,  No.  12  Front  SU  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


DIRECT-ACTING  WINDING  ENGINES 


OF     THE     LATEST     AND     MOST 
IMPROVED     DESIGNS. 


BUILT     B>' 


WEBSTER,  CAMP  &  LANE  DIVISION, 

THE  WELLMAN-SEAYER-MORGAN  COMPANY,  Akron.  Ohio.  D.  S.  A. 


Whole  No.  2260.-VOLNuuMmL^xoxv" 


San  Francisco,  Cai...  Saturday,  November  14, 1903. 


THREE  DOLLAR*  PER  ANNUM. 


Uniform  Measurement  of  Water. 

dirTerent  methods  of  measuring  water,  and  the 
variance  "f  the  terms  emp  lantity 
of  wal                ir  required,   render  an  understanding 
of  thi                  somewhat   confusing.      The  idea  of 
measuring   water  for  the  use  of  mini                itallur- 
establishments  [>rob  ifornia 
during  the  early  yeai                                g,   when   the 
mines    we                    by  one    party,   while  the  water 
•  -  iy  an- 
other.    Originally  water  ■                  ired  by  flofl 
an  open  weir,  but  subsequently  an  arrangement  was 
made  to  measure  a   given   quantity  Bowing  through 
an  aperture  under  pi                   Miner.-,  and  ditch 
'-bed   different    regulations  in  the  Be 
f)f    California.      The    shape    of     the 
through  v.  hid.  tl 

districts,  and   the    thi  '  the   board   thn 

which   it    flowed  ranged  from  1    to  3  Some 

aperture;   were  'her,  were  square.     Each 

of  these  differences  had  a  direct  effect  on  the  quan- 
tity of  water  which  would  be  di  through  an 
opening  of  given  size  in  a  stated  time  (one  minute). 
but  a  still  greater  difference  resulted  from  a  varia- 
in  the  height  of  the  surface  of  the  water  above 
the  center  of  discharge.  This  varied  from  4  to  t> 
inches  in  the  several  districts.  In  addition  to  this 
varied.  In  some  counties  there 
were  10.  11  or  12-hour  inches,  and  in  some  a  24-hour 
ineh.  All  this  variation  was  the  cause  of  much  con- 
fusion. Otl  one  or  the 
other  of  the  California  schemes  for  water  me; 
ment.  there  being  no  standard  prior  to  1900,  when 
the  State  Legislature  of  California  created  a  stand- 
ard inch  by  fixing  it  at  1  ,V  cubic  feet  of  water  per 
minute  through  any  kind  of  an  aperture  or  over  any 
weir. 
The  measurement  of  water  by  cubic  feet  is  pi 
able  to  any  of  the  uncertain  measurements  of  the  va- 
riable miner's  ineh  as  formerly  made,  and  its  univer- 
sal adoption  is  advised  throughout  the  mining-  regions 
of  the  world.     The  duty  of  water  varies  greatly  in 

To  which  it  is  put.     On  water  : 
the   power  developed  depends  on  height  of  fall,  or 
head   in   feet,   above  the  wheel.     In  stamp  mills  the 
quantity   of  water    used  per    stamp  or    ton    of   ore 
crushed   wi  >Y~here  amalgama- 

tion is  practiced  inside  the  batl  desirable  to 

ible,  and  k  Teens 


Developing  Water  Supply  at  Saltan  Mine,  Arizona.    (See  page  Zl'.t 


from  clogging  and  the  plate-,  from   ,  _        with 

sand.     It  assists  amalgamation,   both  inside  an 6 

of  the  mortars,  and  it  is  not  economy  " 
more  water  thai  -.try  to  accomplish  this.     If 

the  ore  be  heavily  sulphuretted  a  greater  quantity  of 
water  will  be  required,  and  where  large  capacity  is 
desirable  it  is  also  necessary  to  use  larger  amounts  of 
water  than  whei  rtpnt  per  stamp  is  less.     In 

concentration  the  use  of  water  varies  with  the 
and  type  of  machine,  used,  and  also  with  the  charac- 
ter of  mat-.  treatment.  The  same  condi- 
tions as  to  the  use  of  water  applies  to  cyan 
Some  ores  require  the  use  of  moi  ban  others. 
There  is  neither  standard  nor  precedent  to  regulate 
the   quantity   of   water  employed  in   any  particular 

.urgical  operation,  and  any   attempt   to  e 

for  the  reasons  pre'.'. 

given.    The  -'        who  best  know  the  value  of 

water  are  those  who         i  -barge  ' .'  a  Reoperations 

in   desert    regions    where   the  water   is    settled  and 


1 


pumpe 

■--siWc 

- 
water  than  ■•:  to  perform  certain  do 

functi 

_ 

!  expei 
with  no  commensurate  gain  in  any  di 
the  waste. 

A  Pneumatic  Stamp. 

The  mean  ong  the 

■rates  in  the  Lake  Superior  regi  «'ays 

been  an  in*.  .      itter.     Various 

-» 
now  in  aire 

from  the  experience  of  the  past.    In  prim 
are  similar  to  the  old-time    Ball    stamps,    the   main 
differ - 

the  bi  sred.    Twer:*  .     .     -        tamp 

was  considered  a 

tons  daily.     The  Ball  stamp  of   to-day  crosbe 

' 
ncreased   weight  and 
head  and  to  the  tar*"  --id  partly 

- 
irnpro  _  I  i'P^r 

along  praeti 

introd «  .'.ine, 

in  Mass  City.  Mich.     In   the  ope r  .  "amp 

compressed  air  s  "  am.     If  the 

powe  r 

cbeape 

sede  the  old-  .raps. 


Retaining  Walls  Saltan  Mill,  Arizona.     (See.   page  319., 


THE  mine  and  r.-iiii  operator 
have  again  resort 

.  ■ 


THE  Provir. 
. 
remo~  ! 

Same  -  - 

the  r.v.      _ 

te  I  result  mta  a  I  Chi    .    -.  I 


3IB 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


NriVKMHBR    M,    1903. 


MINING  AND  SCIENTIFIC  PRESS. 

ESTABLISHED  ,S8o. 

Publlihed  Ivary  lilurday  «i  !30  Market  street,  San  Pranolioo,  I  il 
folaphone,  Davis  n  i . 


ANNi"  i.  mi-  lOBU'TION, 

milked  I Hi    i i  Oi In 

AN  I  "I  In  |   '   Ilfi   I'm. Ini    EJflloU 


itil  nil 
,  r.  mi 


I  „l..,...l  „l  Hi,,  riMi,  I  ,„„.,„.„  l'„ol„lll.«  n«  ,„,,„,„l  i:I»i  i.mll  matter. 


Nil  in pwi  m 

Ninv  SToltll  ''in,  , 'ml  Itovi  DlflU,  DOS1 ',  :■ HI. 

IHO,  lllfl  i" Il  It,  Iimmvimi,  nun  H».l  ll l. 


I     I      MAI  I  OMAN 


Publisher 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    NOV  KM  HER   14,   1903. 


TABLE  Of  CONTENTS, 


11.1.1  HI  II  \ TlftNNl 

UdveloultiM  vvnii'i' •-'ii,,ii\  hi  :iiiiiiin  Mine,  ,wi.- 

lt,'ii,i t  n  mi    ."■ 111 ,  Aril 

It  1 1  •'l.lllir  Htlllll.lllll  Tlllllt,  HlllLIIU     Mill",   All/mm, 
li'lllui't'  Olllllll,  Allium!  Tl'dllilWoIl    Mini 

\ullll,    II,,,  I,        l,„     II ,     '     .11.1 

,\,',„,,|." Mil, II.   .V.lilnn.l    MltlCI,    Ml, 'I, I, Mil, 

I'dWCII   Mm  lull,  Hiiiii.n    Mill".  I'.niv.  MOIII 
Mini, 11.  ii,„l  Mtjtl Iloill    I'nli'iilH 

I    III  !,,,(  ,    \  I 

I  '  nllui  ,,i   Mmi'.,», Ill    Ml     Willi  I 

A  l',„  1 1, 1"  :',iiini|i 

'   1,1,1    11  ..I    Ml     .mill  '/J,,.'  Ml I     Mill 

Itntnoviil "   i'' '   Hi  ii  i'i>  Culm 'mil  mi 

I'nif Mlnlnr    |.;.|„l|.inm.l    in  III'] Hull  CUll I 

I'nl.iii Hi.'  '.,'.ii.    11I     lull    l.nli.n     I, III! IB 

:. ini  :'i,'iii.,„  111  1 1  1 .11 1 1, ■>  1 1..,,  ,ii  111 mi , 

ll'UlMI     III 

A    Wll ■'iiiiiln.i  ... 

Tim  n mil)  ini  iiinin.uM! 

Ill'ii'lniilin  iili'lilni'ii'  In  'I' 1 1  1  'n     I'nl 

All.'ininl II,,'  HU'lllO  HI    Mm I,  Al'lg 


MINIM!  NUMMARY 

i,,\ti<;nt  MAUUI9T  iiii-nuis 

hiih<i|'Ii,i,.\nh:iiiini 
''n"i tiii(,'-i 

A      ,i,  Ihu  ,il  (  Ini,,  1, ml  Mhr,   i,<   (In,    I  < ,,  1 1 ,  .1    :  ,|,||,       :\l  ,,,1 

1  ' 1  1       in.    in  I  A  iinl.li'    I'l 

N,'\V   Mnlll.l.l  ,,f   10 X 1 11H' ItllU   ,  '.,|.|..',     I'','..n,  '."l|,lil.| UN 

I'.iiiin 1 Mill Miii"    Vrlnmii 

Mllillli'  ,111  l,,„i|,|«',  tell '  l'i    1  1 

T,i|i,i,,|„|>lil"   M„,,.,l   Mui'11,,,,.1,,,,1,   Mnnl, 

I)l'\  '  Tl' H   llln.'li  ,'l 

inni '...I  1;, .mm- 

,'-„,i|,„,'l I  I  '..'il.'i  I...    M.nitli  .,1  July,   Willi 

H Hlllltllll I    l'„|iil|.in. I."    A'iIiIii'i.I     Mill" 

IQlltltl I     Ml    III"    I   illlll"!       Ill   lit.-.     I'llll,   ,     l\,,„|l, 

M  Inliil I   M"l,illliil'i;l.'i,l    Pill t 

OlllUllll'V  ,    ,     , 

I'm ml 

''mil nihil    I'ni'ii.'li 

II n  II |v,,,1 

|.„i,iiim.,i".i  itponlvod 

Nimv    I'm, nil  , 

N.il  li.|.-i..l  I,' ill    I'm 


run" 
III  I 
III, 
III  I, 
USUI 
ll"l 
il'Jil 
II3II 
;i'i 


illr, 
nil, 
illr, 

:nr, 
illr, 
illr, 

:  ',  :  '    ;rii 

111)0 


inn 
III? 
Ill* 

ill, 1 

inn 

ill  I 
:,'l 


11311 

:r..|i 

'i-.'n 

nun 

:i:'n 

into 


AS    iiuli' 'lll.in.",      Ilii'      |H'.i.. ,',",:,     Of      Ml, iilr 111     
oqulpment  and  practice  In  British  •  lolumbla,  the 

.■iliil.onienl.  Is  niilil,.   Ili.il   :i  I    the  C  runic,    imm      ;,|    |'|,,, 

ills  ii.  iii  Mi,'  Intention  to  operate  a  large  rnecl Ii  al 

eho\  el  in  an  underground  stops,  pi  obably  by  oloc 
briclty,    Two  steam  shovels  are  In  use  in  bhe  surface 

outs,  and  their  su ss  and  economy  there  suggested 

their  use  underground,     No  objection  to  this  novel 

in r  inochunleul  shovels  In  underground  workings 

presents  Itself,   If  the  chai'acter  of  the  roof  Is  such 

as  to  make  Its  employ i1  safe,     Whore  heavj  tlm 

boring  Is  roqulrod  to  support  a  oa,^ lug  roof  fl .ppll- 

, ':ii, i, hi  of  the  Idea  Is  Impracticable,  but  there  are 
ilium  .1  ,.,.  stopes  iii  mines  where  the  ground  stands 
well  and  mechanical  shovels  might  be  employed  to 
advantage 

^OLORADO  ii;  the  scene  of  new  labpr  difficulties, 

^-*    In  the  strike  of  bin 1  miners,     The  strike 

covers  all  of  the  large  coal  mines  of  the  State  and 
in:in\  small  ones,  and  tomporarllj  stops  the  produc 
Hon  of  thai  class  of  fuel,      Although   the  strike  was 

called  'ini\  in.'.i  Mondaj .  air u  the  uno  of  dynamite 

hai tored  In  the  campaign.  In  the  attempl  made  to 

destroy  an  electric  power  plant  al  Hastings,  20 
miles  north  of  Trinidad,  on  the  10th  Inst,  About 
1 1,000  in, mi  have  gone  out  of  the  mines,  and  In  Now 

Mexico  :i  large  number  has  b 1  nailed  out,     Al, 

tempts  havo  boon  made  to  extend  the  strike  Into 

W  v i""..  bul  thus  Car  without  great  s ss,     The 

demand  of  the  miners  Is  for  an  elghl  hour  day  and  In 
•  1  eased  paj ,  and  other  com  esi  Ions,  concerning  the 

weighing  of  ooal,     The  several  mining   ipanlos 

have  shown  no  dli  position  to  mooi  anj  of  thoso  de- 
mands ii  i'  though  I  the  mlUtla  will  bo  sent  to  the 
soonc  of  the  present  trouble, 


Tn  response  to  a  popular  demand,  Governor  Toole 
■*■  of  Montana  has  called  e  special  session  of  the 
State   Legislature  i,,  convono  December  i,  [or  the 

purpose  "i    takln me  legislative  at  tlon   that  will 

i"1'  1 nd  i"  the  ■ nlngly  Interminable  litigation 

in  Butte  mines  tn  viev,  of  this  prospective  remedy, 
the  mines  1  ontrollod  by  the  Amalgamated  <  loppor 
Companyin  Montana  have  resumed  worh  throughout 


ii,,.  State,  11.  i'i  expected  that  theJState  1  >•  gii  lature 
will  pass  :i  fair  trial  law,  which  will  permit  dissatis- 
fied litigants  i"  secure  a  change  of  venue  Doubtless, 
uIho,  11.  law  will  bo  passed  which  will  permit  corpora- 
inni'  not  organized  under  the  laws  of  Montana  to 
hold  stock  in  Montana  corporations,  as  Judge  Clancy 

hai  decided  that  the  Amalgamated  Copper  O pany 

a  New  Jersey  corporation,  could  not  hold  the  stool 
of  the  Butte  <v  Boston  or  the  Parrot  Silver&Oop. 
por  Company,  these  being  Montana  corporations, 


False  Economies. 


In  ml anagemenl  ec my  is  always  a  praise 

worthy,  and  usually  a  necessary,  feature  of  the  busi- 
ness, Some  managers  have  a  strange  idea  of  econ- 
omy, however,  One  who  had  the  direction  of 
operations  al  a  large  mine,  where  a  great  many  men 
were  employed,  would  grow  excited  when  he  saw 
men  standing  idly  at  a  windlass  at  a  prospect  shaft, 
waiting  for  miners  60  feet  below  to  finish  filling  the 
inn  1  "I  would  excitedly  inquire  of  the  superintend- 
ent why  they  were  not  at  work,  suggesting  that  they 

dig  trenches"  or  "chop  wood,"  Instead  of  idling 
away  their  time,  tn  ih ine,  when  he  saw  :i  num- 
ber of  men  standing  or  sitting  about  the  station,  he 
would  want  to  know  why  they  were  nol  at  work,  It 
was  oxplalned  that  they  had  tired  a  round  of  holes  in 
ii,,'  stope  :i  few  minutes  previous,  but  as  the  ventila- 
tion was  bad  they  were  waiting  for  the  smoke  to 
clear  up,  There  were  ten  men  in  this  stope,  tt 
required  three-quarters  of  an  hour  to  dihslpate  the 

gas  i"  in,   extent  which  would   permit  tht u  to 

roturn  to  the  stope  lu  safety,  and  then  It  was  so 
"thlolc"  It  would  cause  the  eyes  to  smart  and 
develop  a  bad  case  of  powder  headache  in  those  unac- 
customed to  It,  The  stope  should  have  been  cleared 
in  twenty  minutes  had  proper  ventilation  been  pro- 
vided, but  a  larger  blower  would  cost  about  4800, 

and  the  Idea  could  not  be  entertained  by  so  01 omi- 

cal  a  manager,     Each  day  there  was  a  loss  of  time  in 

thai  single  stope  tl piivalent  of  $8  In  money,  and  in 

most  other  stopes,  of  which  there  were  several,  the 
condition  wbb  as  bad,  If  not  worse,     Had  the  proper 

arrangement  been  made,  tl ntir stoftheim- 

provemonl  could  have  ii saved  in  a  single  month, 

M its  several  hundred  dollars  to  cut  and  prop- 
erly timber  a  good  sized  ore   pocket  on  each  level 

lor  the  station  al   the  shaft,  butit  costs ey, 

too,  to  have  men  wait  for  the  ship  to  come,  that  they 
may  dump  the  carload  of  ore,  Where  these  ore 
pockets  ar it  provided  the  skip  seems  always  wait- 
lug  for  ore,  and  tl ar  men  seem  1."  l»'  usually  wall 

Ing  for  ii  skip, 

False  Ideas  of  economy  suoh  us  here  referred  to 
are  responsible  for  many  mine  failures.  A  manager 
should  be  as  economical   in   the  use  of  other  people's 

money  as  he  would  be  In  the  use  of  his  own,  but  ei - 

"ni\  «  hen  directed  along  suoh  lines  us  here  Indicated 
is  parsimonious,  and  is  equivalent  to  gross  extrava- 
gance, g 

A  Water  Famine. 

Mining  haB  not  proven  to  be  a  transitory  industry 
In  California,  For  more  than  fifty  years  the  mineral 
deposits  of  the  State  have  been  vigorously  exploited, 
Nrw  discoveries  are  of  frequent  occurrence  in  both 
old  and  new  districts,  Some  of  the  mines  of  the  early 
50's  are  still  In  operation,  and  there  is  no  indication 
thai  the  mining  Industry  hi  that  State  will  not  con- 
tinue to  thrive  for  many  years  to  oome.  Still,  not- 
withstanding these  facts,  there  is  in  some  directions 
n  strange  lack  of  foresight  In  providing  an  adequate 

water  supply  to  n 1   the  requirements  of  the  dry 

mouths  of  late  s r  and  fall,     In  Tuolumne  county 

is  this  condition  particularly  noticeable.  Almost 
every  fall  for  years  pas!  many  of  the  mines  of  that 
county  are  Idle,  because  of  insufficient  water  to  sup- 
ply the  mills,  and  in  some  oases  the  hoists.  Ordi- 
narily progressive,  that  section  shows  a  peculiar 
apathy  to  Its  own  best  Interest  in  keeping  the  mini's 
in  operation,  When  electric  power  was  Introduced 
Into  that  county  to  supply  power  to  the  various  mln 
ni"  companies  it  was  predicted  that  the  water  sup 
i>U  would  thereafter  prove  abundant  for  nil  essential 
purposes,  This  was  several  years  ago  1896  96— 
bul   the  post  summer  and  fall  there  are  numerous 

mini's  in  Timlin unity  which  have  been  Idle  ow  ing 

to  lack  of  water,     The  rainfall  and  snowfall  in  the 


Sierras  is  abundant  enough  in  any  year  to  supply  nil 
needs  if  the  storm  water,  or  even  the  water  flowing 
from  the  melting  snows,  be  conserved  in  proper 
ii  1  i',  ni,':,  bul  for  some  rea  on  this  is  not  done,  and 
Hi"  mining  Industry  there  gets  an  annual  setback  in 
consequence.  

The  Necessity  for  Drainage. 

The  Cripple  Creek,  Colo.,  drainage  tunnel  is  a  suc- 
rcss,  ns  flrii.iiinf.ri'  Imiin'ls  ecnerally  arc,  but  the  slow 
rate  at  which  the  water  level  is  lowered  in  mines  adja- 
cent to  the  tunnel    wli'n-li  :ii"  mil    " oet.cf]   directly 

with  it.,  suggests  the  advisability  of  starting  another 
funnel  at  a  lower  level  as  soon  as  possible,  in  order 
that  sufficient  time  may  tie  given  to  drain  an  exten- 
sive'area  below  the  level  of  the  present  tunnel  before 
ii  becomes  necessary  to  enter  that  ground  in  search 
of  fire.  At  present,  the  Water  level  is  lowering  in  the 
Elkton  and  Mary  McKinney  mines  at,  the  rate  of 
about  one  foot  per  week,  or  about  50  feet  in  a  year, 
if  this  rate  were  maintained;  but,  as  the  water  level 
lowers,  the  pressure  docreuses,  anil  I, lie  rate  of  flow 
will  lie  a.  dccrc;isine/ly  smaller  amount  from  month  to 
in, mill. 

Doubtless    these    facts    an'    recognized    by    the 

mining  engh rs  of  the  Cripple  Creek  district;  but  ns 

long  ns  ore  is  available  the  matter  is  given  less 
serious  consideration  than  it  should  receive.  When 
the  mines  nre  worked  down  to  the  present  tunnel 
level  it  will  be  impossible,  judging  from  past  experi- 
ence in  that  direction,  to  go  below  the  wafer  lino 
without  pumpine;  plnnts  of  far  ^'renter  capacity  than 
any  heretofore  placed  in  there.  In  view  of  this  fact, 
nil, I  iii  consideration  of  the  long  time  which  will  prob- 
ably lie  required  to  drive  a  lower,  and,  consequently, 
a  much  longer  tunnel,  to  reach  the  mines  now  being 

ili'ni I   by   the   tunnel   recently  driven,   this  work 

should  not  be  delayed.  Moreover,  the  present  con- 
dition and  progress  of  drainage  demonstrates  that 
several  years  would  be  required  to  drain  the  ground 
below  the  present  funnel  level  to  a  depth  of  2B0  feet, 
for  it  is  scarcely  likely  that  it  could  be  drained  at  as 
rapid  a  rule  as  that  obtaining  at  present.  If  this 
work  is  not  undertaken  in  time  to  have  a  new  tunnel 
well  advanced  into  the  ore-bearing  zone  by  the  time 
the  ground  is  worked  out  above  the  present  drainage 

tunnel  level,  there  will  come  a  halt  in  Cripple  Creek's 

mining  operations  at  that  time,  and  several  years  of 
patient  waiting  must  follow  pending  the  < ipletion 

Of  n  new  funnel. 


A  NUMBER  of  residents  of  the  SoulsbyvlUe  and 
Carters  mining  districts  in  Tuolumne  county, 
Gal,,  on  the  llth  Inst,  waited  on  the  superintendent 
of  the  Black  Oak  mine  at  Soulsbyville  and  demanded 
the  discharge  of  the  Chinese  ore  sorters  who  have 
been  employed  there  for  years.  The  demand  was 
refused  and  the  objectors  then  ordered  the  Chinese  to 
leave,  providing  wagons  for  the  conveyance  of  them- 
selves anil  effects  to  SOEOra.  The  pumps  were  with- 
drawn from  the  Black  Oak  shaft  and  all  work 
Stopped,      The  company  had   been   paying  $1,75  per 

day  to  CI ise  for  cobbing  and  sorting  shipping  ore. 

The  Miners'  Union  demanded  that  the  pay  be  in- 
creased l,o  $2.50,  to  which  the  management  would 
not  agree.  The  Black  Oak  is  one  of  the  largest 
mines  in  Tuolumne  county  and  has  been  operated 
steadily  for  more  than  twenty  years,  and  has  been 
for  years  the  main  support  of  .Soulsbyville.  This  sic], 
is  one  of  the  most  radical  yet  taken  by  the  Miners' 
Union  in  Tuolumne  county,  where  they  are  strong, 
and  it  is  not  unlikely  that  this  move,  like  others  of 
I, lie  sort,  in  other  States,   will   result,  in  ultimate  loss. 


AS  an  aftermath  of  the  strike  at  Morenei,  Ariz., 
last,  summer,  when  an  organized  body  of  men 
sought  to  terrorize  the  inhabitants  of  that  town,  und 
wee  only  restrained  by  the  militia  from  murdering 

those  against  whom  their  wrath  was  particularly  di- 
rected, ten  of  the  leaders  out  of  the  fourteen  who 
were  indicted  were  found  guilty  aid  sentenced  to 
terms    in    the    penitentiary   at   Yuma,  together   with 

heavy  lines.    The  promptitude  with  which  these  cases 

wvi-c  brought  into  court  and  final  action  secured  is 
praiseworthy,  and  this  example  will  no  doubt,  havo  a 

salutory  effect  on  those  who  may  be  disposed  to  act 
in  similar  manner.  It  simply  indicates  thai  the  peo- 
ple of  Arizona  propose  to  reserve  to  themselves  the 
right  to  conduct  legitimate  business  in  their  own  way 
without  interference  from  a  lot  of  foreign  renegades. 


\..\  Miem    II      1903 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


P 9 

CONCENTRATES. 

y o 


■  groat  da   . 
.,   hundred 

I  with 


TR.vt  i»n  the 

and  I 

♦  ♦++ 

I  \  *  In-  Midden 

.  ,    |0U0  (■•••! 
In  width,  l  In  Blued. 

Con  with  macbl  ■•■!  for 

ni| :  lull  holr  npucllli 

ihall  I ui- 

pluwil,   nil  rimeri-l.-  in  bj    luitiil. 

■*  +  +  + 

Tin. !.  in  ' ho  Mill,  differ- 

■•■>    from    n-  .»r    tin.  polos.      At  the 

.  ..I   at    7u 
♦+++ 

Win 

a  placer  i-lllim  "f    Kill  111 

i  1 1 

lion   wrurth   uf  annual   .i iiimii   Is  aJ 

quire*  fur  It. 

i 

nt  of 

oto. 
++++ 

In  I  ..f  mill  -'■!  - 

\ 

lit_\   ..I'.-  n-liii-li  i 
tlii'  lilt  tor  -In!  t.-.l  -..  !-.■ 

++++ 

Wm 

hi.  bc 

...    , 
■ 

+■*++ 
'I'm  i      .  ......    i,  bom 

■     :  i  '  ;:...,     •.-.. i 

from  I  liu  mini  of  th       nor 
polloel 

W  Inn  i  In.  wattit  o  tbi 

•  hii'h  ii|inn  furl  hot 

"Ff.i  orini  f  the  '  Irip- 

plo   I     !■■■]:  ,    I 

tloi       fl  panted    bj    lelln 

!     ! :   i       Efluorlta,   oi    B 

n<    tml    li  a]  irld       1 1  Oi  ■ 

•       ,,,1         ...,|n,  • 

•  •■nil  in.  HI         I  I    ,       i      ■■  hi   '         in!.. 

i  :     i  .  ii      |.   In-    .     J'   'ii     .      |  II  -      |. 

mi!  i     1 1 1  ■  I  i  1 1 .  t  i  ■ '  ■  ■     ..ii i         if    fjai 

rock  Im  to  bo  i ;      in    mines  ■■  beelba in 

n    I .'  i '  ■  1 1  •  1 1 1  I  !    1 1 1     ' : |,ii     hi 

tlf  hllin".  could  I...  i  im  iii   .  .  i  ;,....  .  i     ni  ;  i  liu 

i  ,,  I    ..  '   ,,  linn-  li    '.I        i  i    ,|  ni  i  ■ 

f.ii-i.  .I.,  h  I     i  ml    "  lin-li   i-Mii,i      in    ;ln    ...  .iti.iin  |.         .1'   im    i,.  r 
■    i  -i.,|, 

Mkch      i  .iiin     for  banc]  ling  timbei 

tlergi " I,     pari      ni       hu  I        tal  Ion        e   pedlte 

wiii-l-.  and  iii....       .       .  .f  i  .  in  >i       in    i ■      ■.  bi  i . 

itH  of  limb*:     .  .         1 1,  ■    i . in i..., 

should  ii.-  f  .i  I.  .■!.  ...I  1 1..      .  ■  ps    i ;       .       I  tl  .ni  -in 

thn  ii'i  el  1 1"..  -   thai  .  ii'  i  ■■  the  timbei     si ..  to  be  osedi 
and  lowered  through  routes  dt     en  i  onnecl  U) ■■  !  b    I 
anil  passing  through  the   rtopes. 

A  vein  mi     i,"     ni  In   have  two  banging  walU  il  the 

I  ui'iiii':'  ren  i  io  i.ny  with 
dipping  In  opposite  dire 

local  occurt co,  for  vhere  the  lens  begins  tc     pinch"  in 

Hh  downward   ir  m  It  ma.  lid  te   ha  ■■■  two  fool 

Wfilln,     Foot  and    hanging       i        i         tatl 

Peter  I."  .I  "  genet  ii  dip  of  i  in-  "  I ■  lode,  and    rh 

Vein  stand  i  -ii'  lolutol  ,      in    leal  [I      tttl         -    noil  bet   foot 
Dor  h, in.. iii"- 

Till.;  order  ..I'  il  rop  of    ■       l    I     !   S    I     Is  not  tini- 
er       lH\      I'lll  |'ll  I'    '''  I         I  H  I  I       '          I             '   i     '  '     '  I        II.  1      I    '  1'    !'     I.'  I| 

quoncc  of  drop*  hj   rn  in;,   rnlllmen      The    rtal emenl    thai 

t.li"  order   -l    It,  ...  .'.I     i  .  a  had    order  uf  drop   i  ■   

i ui.'.l    i...    fad ,    ;i         Ir  '     ih     order    I.  4»  2,     I     I  is 
given  thorn,  the  order  I,  '■'..    I     I    I    results  if  the  | I    of 

In... I"  i ..  at  No.   i  in  .i.'iiii  oi  .i.i.  Mo.  I.     It,  !.,  the  afra 

tllllt    llll    tWO   ll'l  Jul I  .im  J ,,       ii.Uii  |i     li   l.i  i,'l'  ll.l.U 

drop  run 'ni  i   nl)       1 1  In  al  "'  'i'    ii  i.i'l"  I"  I  '''I'  flu    i"iii 

-    ■  nlv  dlslrlbtitatl 

■**** 

Stamps  drop  from    v.    i  [me  i    to    I  In   time     pot     rain 

nt,'-.   :i.....i,i  linn,    in    holght    uf    drop     and    beyond    the 

' '  ii-.  iiii  mi  ii-'i  nf  il  i'i.|)  lit i.  ..'.''■■  i 'i    'in    ■' i' 

(all,   fin    if  l.li"  ''.mi    illfl.fr.  In      i  '■    "I       'I     '.I      '.     ''i  "  i'1'' I 

Mi. in  hi'i  ■.  ii . .     ,-..  iiiui  in, i  i   the   i  ippeta   will   si  I'll..-   i.i'' 
.  .im  .   mil",!.)  the  hi'iii'hi   ..r  drop  lie   I"-  toned   material! 
ami  fin'  itampH  will  not  roach   the    rocU    on    the   die  be 


I'm 

.1  feet;  tli.-  I  .  Iron 

hill,  d  Mike  fault,  between  Ira 

iiml    Breeee    hill 
there  are  a  number  of  ut bora  ol  minor  Importance 

■ 
Hi 


Win  rn  on 

!■•   oil 

B 

■'   ....  :     while 

ise  Mondi 

legal    ■■ ,  i    , 

++++ 

1 

' 
I 
Roll  up  the  lead  o 

ray  should  1 

■  !  ,       . 

■  .  ■  .         . 

f  a  formation 
presumption 

iii'I', I     .ii    ,||', I     li;  ......         '. 

.  .  '  .-in 

,   i        .  ....  .      .  .  . 

i  be  a  change  tl 

...... 

. 
,  ...).,.. 

.  . .  . 

++++ 

111  A  M'  .'.I'     mi  ' 

i.  ■:■  ,: 

.       .  ...         ..,..' 

Ml"  ill  ill    Inil.         ii      i         ...      i  :i. 

.    :  I..........  :,.-  iIi.l- 

Ill  li  I  .1  1.1 1.   ..I I,  I 

I.,:, ...  ■    .....  .    the   !"'•■ 

' 
.i...     When  i  hard  and   ...  lined 

. !  i    ■ .       i  good  ' 

that  place   bul   i  ..•.-.,...  im  the 

■  ii    - 

i    ■  ..!,... 

md  basii  i     i  in  diabase     nubbre 

i    .i      ..       ...(in. ■  .       ,■      . 

.    .  :       .     .  ■     ■     li  in'   1:       in.  .1  i  !,  .  :. 

i  l..|iiil.i.iM  I  ...Im..' 

he  rod      '-.-...      .  .  ..i,.  .■•■ 

..  .  i.     i.i.  ii.  i if  STfctw 

fOrl         '...'ll.li  .;  "'' 1       I.   Ii 

,  i'.-i  -  . 

'    .  : 

I '. ..  .-.ni  i.      i  ii   . ;   ■ ..  .  ..        ...  ....  i    

.    '  i.       .'nit,. lining 

.   ' 

Win,  ,    ■  ■  ted  and  allowed  li 

I.,  ii  ■...)    :  •  mi  ,    ■  i     ■ ,  i,'     ,,:'  l  Mil  will 

■'■ii  ir. i.i. Et  which  a 

.  i.i  bullion      i  '  ■"  .      Hi  r '..  ' 

id  .  uii,.i."M  '.fin.'  ' '.  ■■  nf  i.ulii',,1  in  Mi.-  1'j.t.- 

i.i.i'.ii  process      CI i  tans  ■  I  ■ 

i.'iii .im  '        ,  ■  ..I     ■  ;.'.).,!  .  i    Ft  i.i  -  i''ii  n, 

ii  I, in  n    li  ■     il : 

iH'i  ii  ,,f  i  i  ii  "■   i "i1  "f  tend   imii ,  ,    .  . 

i. u'l  1 1,,    h-  i.,i     i ,.  ■'    and    j'"M     ni'i id 

ratelj      The  ■■ inti 

i  ) .!..■'  ■ nf   1 1  .1.. t .    I.,  then      i  - 

polled     '.'..i  the  fold   tnd  ,    i  i. .    d 


i  ii  i.  mere  ocean  it (  Ian  I  on  Shi   pnbffi    I 

•  ni        .i.i        .,:,.. 

being     i.  ii     ■■  f.'i  I'"''  ■  ■    '                    : 

(be  ■■!  .  '.  ;         .i  ■■  i    '■    >  ■                           """' 

.,     J     |,  ,,'   1,1.1  i;  .  I  ■    .            :      t  I II     '.'    I.       IH'I 

i.    ...in  i.ln  1 1',  iii  .:..'. 

...,,1,1.1.  , ,                                   ..  . 

...      ....    !      |.„     ,.l      I   ,  ,■  I,  btitt                                                                  ■     .'mil. 

.......  ill,. 

I    i  ,,  lli  i.  '■  i"i  Ol      I. ".ii  iii'- 

ii  place,     and  ma  ,■,,..:'             ,, 
oral  ■"    uiit. .inn  ..I  ii..   locatcn  Es  teft  tc  (tod 


■no  that  if  • 
am. 


- 

*arn- 

■ 

in 
i    may 


... 
fael 

viii  in ... 

i  ride 

■  ■         '  i 

■  •  ■ .      ... 

...■', 

VS. 


fw   i.i,  ■:■.■     

Is  are  employed  in  prs 

th  a   stand  i  t  sod  I 

inlde  I     prefers 

Mil         Ui    ' 

■nil,,  ,;..,'...' 

'  -  ' 

:,rown 

.     ■ 
....  .  i 

OX- 

..... 
,, 

'_",....■ 
''■.....' 

.1      ' 
'     ■.  .  . 

placed        .  it      .  ■  ■ 

■  ■  .     .  ■. 

'.,....      . 

i'l'i    :,.     i.i       ■.  . 

.■ 

i P pears  wit  i, 
. 
.  ,  rebel 

.....  ' 

■  .    .  ..         .  ' 

drop  '.  ■ 

■'...' 

in  j;        ni'       '.i.  :.   n     ;,'i-  '  .,.). 

...  ,     I  "...  testa  a 

'  i'i|,i,  . 

.....  ...  •      led  ti  ... 

be  mad 

.  .  ■   .  .     .        .     . 

- 
■         ■'  '  .  . 

I   -'ii  In.    -  .-.I  i..         .  .-       ..  .    :  ..  '  ,    '  .' 

'. 

.  .  - 

....    I    •  ,.     ,        .  .       .' 

'         .  ■  .  : 

■ ■   ■  ■■      |  .  -  . 

Eighl 


317 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


Novemiskh  14,    1903. 


Assaying  of  Gold  and  Silver  at  the 
United  States  Mint. 


Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Phess  by  John  W.  Pack, 
First  Assistant  Assayer  United  States  Mint,  San  Francisco. 

The  gold  and  silver  brought  to  the  Mint  are  in  a 
great  variety  of  conditions.  It  may  be  bars,  having 
already  been  melted,  or  nuggets  and  grains,  as  taken 
from  gravel  deposits,  or  in  amalgam  or  retorts  from 
mills. 

To  ascertain  the  amount  of  gold  and  silver  in  these 
deposits,  they  must  be  carefully  assayed.  And  to 
obtain  an  accurate  sample  from  a  deposit  it  must 
first  be  melted  and  carefully  mixed  when  thoroughly 
melted.  A  gold  deposit  after  melting  and  being  cast 
into  a  bar  is  then  sent  to  the  assay  department,  where 
two  chips  are  taken  from  the  diagonal  top  and  bottom 
corners  of  the  bar.  These  two  samples  are  then 
hammered  and  rolled  out  in  thin  strips  for  greater 
convenience  in  cutting  when  weighing. 

The  fineness  of  the  metal  is  expressed  in  thou- 
sandths, hence  it  is  found  more  convenient  to  employ 
the  French  system  of  weights,  using  the  half  gram  as 
the  unit  of  1000  parts,  with  decimal  divisions  of  ten 
thousandths  of  that  weight.  The  assay  of  a  sample  of 
pure  gold  would  be  represented  by  an  assay  of  1000 
fineness. 

After  weighing  accurately  1000  weight  (or  one-half 
gram)  of  the  samples  taken  from  the  bar,  there  is 
added  to  each  of  these  assays  sufficient  fine  silver  to 
make  an  alloy  containing  twice  as  much  silver  as 
gold.  Three  parts  of  silver  to  one  of  gold  has  been 
used,  but  two  parts  is  found  to  work  more  satisfac- 
torily. By  practice  one  becomes  able  to  judge  of  the 
amount  of  gold  in  his  sample  and  is  guided  by  his  esti- 
mate of  the  fineness  in  addition  of  silver. 

The  weighed-up  portions  of  each  sample  with  the 
silver  added  to  each  are  now  placed  in  two  pieces  of 
lead  foil  of  about  40  grains  for  each  crude  assay,  and 
about  30  grains  of  lead  for  fine  gold  assay;  also  a 
very  small  amount  of  pure  copper  is  added  where  no 
copper  is  present  in  the  sample.  This  addition  of 
copper  has  a  tendency  to  keep  the  metal  tough  after 
cupellation. 

The  metal  after  being  securely  rolled  in  the  lead  is 
placed  in  a  cupel,  which  has  already  been  heated  to 
the  proper  temperature  in  the  muffle.  The  door  of  the 
muffle  is  then  closed  till  the  lead  melts  and  begins  to 
oxidize  freely;  the  door  is  then  opened  part  way  to 
allow  for  more  rapid  oxidation.  After  the  lead  and 
other  base  metals  are  eliminated  the  cupel  is  re- 
moved from  the  furnace  and  the  button  allowed  to 
cool  and  harden.  It  is  then  removed  from  the  cupel, 
hammered  and  brushed  to  remove  any  particles  of 
bone  ash,  then  annealed  and  rolled  into  a  strip  about  2 
inches  in  length.  This  strip  is  again  annealed  and 
rolled  up  loosely.  The  metal  in  the  assay  is  now 
ready  for  parting,  or  separating  the  silver  from  the 
gold. 

The  object  in  adding  the  fine  silver  to  the  assay 
previous  to  cupellation  is  to  form  an  alloy  in  which 
the  particles  of  gold  will  be  so  far  apart  that  the 
nitric  acid  may  have  free  access  to  all  the  silver  con- 
tained, and  thus  insure  its  being  dissolved,  the  gold 
meanwhile  retaining  the  shape  into  which  the  strip 
was  rolled.  The  rolled  strip  is  now  dropped  into  a 
flask  or  matrass  containing  1  ounce  of  nitric  acid 
(of  32°,  Baume  hydrometer),  which  has  already  been 
heated. 

The  assay  is  boiled  in  this  acid  for  ten  minutes, 
then  the  solution  is  poured  off  and  the  assay  re- 
charged with  fresh  acid  of  the  same  strength  and 
boiled  for  ten  minutes  more.  After  this  second  boil- 
ing, the  gold  remaining,  still  retaining  the  form  into 
which  the  strip  was  rolled  before  boiling,  and  techni- 
cally termed  a  cornet,  is  washed  with  distilled  water, 
then  deposited  in  a  small  clay  annealing  cup  or  cruci- 
ble, which  is  placed  in  the  muffle  and  heated  to  red- 
ness, that  the  cornet  may  be  thoroughly  annealed. 

This  gold  cornet  is  then  weighed  back,  the  resulting 
weight,  less  the  silver  surcharge  remaining,  being 
the  gold  fineness  of  the  sample.  The  two  samples 
taken  from  the  bar  must  agree  in  fineness.  If,  in 
making  up  the  assay,  there  have  been  three  parts  of 
fine  silver  added  in  place  of  two  parts,  then  the  assay 
is  first  boiled  in  nitric  acid  of  22°  Baume  for  ten  min- 
utes, and  then,  on  the  second  boiling,  acid  of  32° 
Baume. 

Then,  for  the  determination  of  the  base  metal  and 
silver  iu  the  samples  under  consideration,  one-half 
gram  or  1000  weight  of  the  metal,  is  taken,  in- 
closed in  a  piece  of  lead  foil,  40  grains  ordinarily,  or 
80  grains  if  much  copper  is  present  in  the  sample. 
After  the  cupellation,  the  resulting  button  containing 
the  gold  and  silver  is  weighed,  the  loss  indicating  the 
proportion  of  base  metal.  The  fineness  in  gold  hav- 
ing been  ascertained  from  the  weight  of  the  cornets, 
the  fineness  of  the  silver  is  determined  by  deducting 
the  combined  weight  of  the  gold  and  base  metal  from 
1000. 

Proof  or  test  assays,  the  object  of  which  is  to  detect 
any  inaccuracies,  accompany  all  assays  of  samples 
of  bullion.  These  proofs  for  the  gold  assays  are  made 
from  pure  gold  (1000  fine).  For  proof  of  base  metal 
assays  gold  of  999  fineness,  and  for  gold  coin  or  ingot 


metal  the  proof  is  made  from  gold  900  fine,  or  of  900 
parts  in  1000. 

The  assays  are  usually  treated  together  in  sets, 
comprising  assays  of  eight  samples  of  different  gold 
deposits.  A  proof  accompanies  each  of  these  sets, 
and  its  fineness  approximates  the  average  fineness  of 
the  eight  assays,  if  they  do  not  greatly  vary.  Proofs 
accompanying  the  gold  assays  of  crude  gold  deposits 
are  usually  made  as  follows:  1000  weight,  or  one- 
half  gram  of  pure  gold,  is  weighed  up;  to  this  is  added 
2000  of  silver  and  30  of  copper,  all  of  which  is  neatly 
rolled  in  a  piece  of  lead  foil  weighing  40  grains. 

Proofs  for  fine  gold  deposits — that  is,  gold  990  fine 
or  more — are  as  follows:  Pure  gold  weighed  up 
1000,  silver  2000,  copper  30,  with  30  grains  of  lead. 
Proofs  for  coin  metal:  Pure  gold  900,  silver  1800, 
copper  100,  with  60  grains  of  lead.  Proof  for  base 
metal:  Gold  of  a  standard  fineness  is  used,  not  nec- 
essarily 1000  fine;  ordinarily  the  gold  used  in  making 
this  proof  (999  fine)  is  made  from  cornets  that  have 
been  melted.  Of  this  gold  a  900  weight  is  used,  with 
90  of  silver,  10  of  copper  and  40  grains  of  lead.  The 
exact  amount  of  gold  in  the  proof  accompanying  the 
assay  for  base  metal  being  known,  any  deviation  from 
this  amount  after  cupellation  is  used  in  making  the 
necessary  correction  upon  the  assay  of  the  sample 
taken  from  the  bullion  deposit. 

Example:  If  the  base  metal  proof  shows  a  loss  of  8 
in  place  of  10,  which  was  the  amount  of  copper  added, 
and  the  assay  of  sample  shows  a  loss  of  30  after 
cupellation,  then  a  deduction  of  32  is  made  for  the 
base  in  the  sample.  If  the  proof  shows  a  loss  of  12, 
and  the  assay  of  sample  30,  then  a  deduction  of  28  is 
made  for  the  base.  The  proof  accompanying  the 
gold  assay  is  to  detect  any  possible  inaccuracy  which 
may  occur  either  in  cupellation  or  in  dissolving  the 
silver  from  the  cornet,  and  also  for  affording  a  basis 
for  the  necessary  correction  for  surcharge.  The  sur- 
charge in  an  assay  is  the  very  minute  amount  of  sil- 
ver which  still  remains  enclosed  within  the  gold  cor- 
net, even  after  persistent  boiling  in  nitric  acid,  and 
varies  from  two-tenths  to  eight-tenths  of  a  thou- 
sandth— the  smaller  the  amount  of  gold  used  in  mak- 
ing up  a  proof  or  other  assays  the  less  the  surcharge 
of  silver  will  be. 

When  it  is  ascertained  from  the  proof  which  accom- 
panied the  assays  of  the  samples,  and  which  received 
the  same  treatment  throughout  the  operation,  what 
the  exact  amount  of  silver  retained  by  the  proof  cor- 
net is,  we  then  deduct  this  amount  of  surcharge  from 
the  absolute  weight  of  each  cornet  resulting  from 
the  assays  of  the  samples  under  treatment. 

Example:  Proof  cornet  weighs  1000.5,  knowing  we 
have  weighed  up  but  1000  of  pure  gold,  the  .5  repre- 
sents the  surcharge  ;  if  the  cornet  from  the  assay  of 
sample  weighs  875.5,  we  should  deduct  .5,  giving  cor- 
rect fineness  875. 

As  stated  before,  two  samples  are  made  from  each 
-deposit  of  gold,  each  sample  being  weighed  and  treat- 
ed by  different  men  in  the  department,  neither  hav- 
ing any  knowledge  of  the  other's  results  until  the 
work  is  cheeked,  and  no  one  in  the  department  being 
cognizant  of  the  identity  of  the  depositor  until  after 
the  results  are  obtained. 

If  upon  checking  the  results  from  the  two  assays  of 
a  deposit  we  find  them  to  disagree,  the  deposit  from 
which  the  sample  was  taken  is  remelted  and  well 
stirred  to  make  a  uniform  mixture  of  the  metal, 
which  is  again  sampled  and  assayed. 

In  preparing  gold  or  silver  for  coinage  the  proper 
amount  of  copper  is  added  to  the  fine  gold  or  fine  sil- 
ver, 10%  of  copper  being  used  in  either  case.  When 
this  has  been  thoroughly  melted  and  mixed  it  is  cast 
into  ingots.  In  case  of  gold  the  first  and  last  ingot 
of  each  melt  is  taken  to  the  assay  department  where 
a  chip  is  taken  from  each  for  assay.  The  silver  ingot 
melts  are  sampled  previous  to  pouring  into  their  re- 
spective moulds  by  dipping  out  a  small  portion  of  the 
molten  metal  and  granulating  it  by  pouring  it  into 
water;  these  granulations  are  dried  and  delivered  to 
the  assayer  for  examination  by  the  volumetric  meth- 
od to  be  hereafter  described.  If  the  resultant  assays 
of  either  kind  of  ingots  show  their  fineness  to  be 
within  the  legal  limit  of  variance  the  ingots  are  con- 
sidered suitable  for  coinage,  otherwise  the  melt  is 
condemned  and  eventually  remelted. 

When  a  gold  deposit  contains  platinum  it  may  be 
detected  by  the  peculiar  dark  amber  color  of  the 
nitric  acid  when  the  silver  is  being  dissolved  from  the 
cornet.  If  platinum  is  present  the  cornet  after  being 
annealed  is  again  cupelled  as  before  with  the  excep- 
tion that  four  parts  of  silver  are  added  to  one  part 
of  gold  present;  this  insures  a  more  perfect  sepa- 
ration. 

There  are  two  methods  used  for  silver  assaying — by 
cupelling  with  lead  or  by  the  humid  or  volumetric 
method.  As  the  method  by  cupellation  is  too  liable 
to  inaccuracies,  even  when  great  precautions  are 
taken  in  the  work,  it  is  only  used  as  an  approxima- 
tion upon  which  to  base  the  working  of  the  humid 
assay.  The  button  resulting  from  such  cupellation 
must  be  parted  to  determine  the  amount  of  gold  if 
any  be  present. 

Humid  assaying  is  a  method  of  determining  the 
amount  of  pure  silver  in  an  alloy  by  means  of  precipi- 
tation of  the  silver  from  a  solution  with  a  precipitat- 
ing agent  of  a  known  strength.  For  this  purpose  a 
solution  of  chloride  of  sodium  or  common  salt  is  used 
to  precipitate  the  silver  as  a  chloride. 

Two  solutions  of  different  strengths  are  used.     The 


first  is  known  as  the  normal  salt  solution,  the  second, 
or  weaker,  the  decimal  salt  solution. 

First  prepare  a  saturated  salt  solution  by  adding 
to  water  at  a  temperature  of  60°  F.  all  the  salt  it  will 
dissolve;  when  saturated  it  will  be  of  a  density  of 
25°  B. 

The  normal  solution  is  prepared  by  adding  2.07 
parts  of  saturated  solution  to  97.93  parts  of  water. 

The  decimal  solution  is  prepared  by  adding  100 
cubic  centimeters  of  the  normal  solution  to  a  liter 
flask  and  then  filling  the  flask  with  distilled  water, 
or  in  other  words,  making  a  solution  of  one  part 
of  normal  solution  to  nine  of  water. 

When  the  fineness  of  the  silver  is  unknown  an  ap- 
proximate assay  is  made  by  cupellation.  If  the 
approximate  fineness  is  known,  as  in  silver  ingot 
metal,  or  in  foreign  coins  or  in  fine  silver,  that  is  sil- 
ver almost  pure,  then  a  previous  assay  by  cupella- 
tion is  not  required. 

As  the  normal  salt  solution  is  based  upon  the 
amount  of  solution  required  to  precipitate  one  gram 
of  silver,  the  unit  of  weight  for  silver  assaying  is  one 
gram,  or  the  1000  weight.  As  the  normal  solution 
will  vary  from  many  causes  it  is  necessary  to  test  it 
often  with  a  proof.  This  is  done  by  weighing  up  1002 
weight  of  proof  silver  (1000  fine),  placing  it  in  a 
special  bottle  and  dissolving  in  nitric  acid.  Then  a 
pipette  holding  100  cubic  centimeters  is  filled  with 
the  normal  solution,  which  is  added  to  the  contents 
of  the  bottle,  the  greater  portion  of  the  silver  is  con- 
verted to  a  chloride  of  silver,  which  will  appear  as  a 
heavy,  milky,  white  precipitate.  After  placing  a 
glass  or  rubber  stopper  in  the  bottle  it  is  shaken  for 
four  or  five  minutes,  either  in  an  agitator  or  by 
hand,  after  which  the  silver  chloride  will  settle  to  the 
bottom,  leaving  the  solution  above  perfectly  clear  for 
further  test  with  the  decimal  solution. 

If  the  normal  solution  were  correct  it  would  pre- 
cipitate just  the  1000  weight  of  silver,  leaving  two 
milligrams  still  in  the  solution,  as  we  had  weighed 
up  1002  milligrams.  Now  from  a  small  pipette  a 
cubic  centimeter  of  the  decimal  solution  is  added. 
This  precipitates  one  of  the  two  milligrams  of  silver 
remaining,  which  appears  as  a  white  cloud  of  silver 
chloride  in  the  clear  solution  above  the  chloride  al- 
ready thrown  down. 

After  shaking  the  bottle  and  adding  another  charge 
of  decimal  solution,  we  will  then  suppose  that  no  cloud 
appears.  We  then  know  that  the  normal  solution 
has  precipitated  1001  of  silver  instead  of  1000.  But 
suppose  upon  the  second  charge  of  the  decimal  solu- 
tion a  cloud  representing  a  half  a  thousandth  more 
shows,  this  indicates  the  normal  solution,  being  only 
.5  too  strong,  for  we  weighed  up  for  the  proof  1002 
of  pure  silver  and  find  the  normal  solution  has  pre- 
cipitated 1000.5,  leaving  1.5  to  be  precipitated  by 
the  decimal  solution;  hence  the  difference  between 
the  1002  and  the  1001.5  shown  by  the  working  is  the 
correction  to  be  made  for  each  assay. 

By  experience  one  becomes  expert  in  determining 
the  density  of  the  cloud  thrown  down  by  the  decimal 
solution  whether  it  donates  more  or  less  than  one. 
This  greatly  assists  in  the  work.  Now  knowing  the 
density  or  strength  of  our  normal  solution  we  can 
proceed  with  the  assay  of  the  sample. 

As  before  stated  the  silver  sample,  is  taken  from 
alloy  while  melted,  a  small  portion  being  poured  into 
cold  water  and  granulated,  two  samples  being  taken 
from  each  melt.  From  these  granulations,  after  be- 
ing dried,  the  necessary  amounts  for  duplicates  are 
weighed  up. 

To  determine  the  amount  to  be  weighed  up,  take 
the  resultant  silver  fineness  obtained  by  the  approxi- 
mate assay  and  divide  1000  by  this  fineness. 

For  example,  suppose  that  fineness  to  be  about 
900:  Then  1000  divided  by  900  gives  as  the  result 
1.111,  or  it  requires  1.111  gram  of  the  metal  to  con- 
tain 1  gram  of  pure  silver,  but  on  account  of  the  un- 
certainty of  the  fineness  obtained  by  the  approxi- 
mation assay,  we  weigh  up  1.115  gram  in  prefer- 
ence. These  calculations  can  be  avoided  by  the  use 
of  tables,  as  contained  in  Mitchell's  works  on  assaying. 

After  dissolving  the  silver  in  a  bottle  with  nitric 
acid  and  charging  with  100  cubic  centimeters  of  nor- 
mal salt  solution,  suppose  we  have  to  add  3  cubic 
centimeters  of  decimal  salt  solution  to  precipitate  all 
of  the  silver,  the  working  of  the  sample  is  expressed 
in  the  following  proportion: 

1115  :  1000  +  3  ::  1000  :  899.5, 

and  as  the  proof  indicates  that  the  normal  solution 
precipitates  1000.5  of  silver,  we  then  make  correction 
of  .5  on  the  working  assay  resulting  in  a  true  fineness 
of  900. 

By  referring  to  the  tables  before  mentioned,  the 
calculation  to  obtain  the  fineness  is  not  necessary,  but 
will  be  found  opposite  the  amount  indicating  the 
weight  used  in  the  assay. 

If  the  weight  of  the  alloy  taken  for  assay  was  not 
sufficient  to  contain  1000  of  silver,  then  when  the  deci- 
mal salt  solution  charge  is  added  no  cloud  of  silver 
chloride  will  appear.  In  this  case  a  solution  of  deci- 
mal nitrate  of  silver  is  used,  of  which  each  cubic 
centimeter  will  neutralize  one  cubic  centimeter  of 
the  decimal  salt  solution.  This  is  working  in  a 
descending  scale  and  is  not  so  desirable  as  working 
by  the  decimal  salt  solution,  for  the  assay  solution 
after  shaking  is  not  so  clear,  making  it  more  difficult 
to  read  the  cloud.  If  mercury  is  known  to  be  present 
in  the  sample  of  silver,  the   addition  of  acetate  of 


XoVEMUF.H    14,    1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


318 


soda  to  the  assay  will  cause  the  mercury  to  remain 
in  solution. 

When  the  alloy  contains  other  metals  which  pre- 
vent the  solution  in  tin-  buttle  from  becoming  clear 
after  shaking,  we  sometimes  use  a  different  method 
known  as  the  synthetic  humid  assay,  in  which  500 
weight  or  moii  weight  of  the  alloy  is  used  and  suffi- 
cient pure  silver  is  added  to  make  up  a  full  gram  tor 
precipitation.  If  500  is  used,  subtract  the  amount 
of  pure  silver  added  and  multiply  for  the  full  gram; 
If  1000,  simply  subtract    the   silver   added   from    the 

When  the  silver  also  contains  gold,  an  assay  is  also 
made  for  the  gold  by  cupelling  1000  gold  weight  half 
a  gram  and  then  parting  the  button. 

Proof  gold  is  prepared  by  dissolving  the  gold  cor- 
nets in  nitro-murialie  acid     one  part  of   nitric  to  two 

of  muriatic  acid  allowing  to  stand  for  several  days 
to  allow  any  silver  present  to  settle,  Then  it  is  de- 
ed carefully,  the  last  portion  being  diluted  with 
water  and  filtered.  The  solution  of  gold  chloride  is 
then  evaporated  partly  till  there  is  not  so  large  an 
amount  of  free  acid  present.  This  gold  solution  is 
then  diluted  with  water,  and  dropped  slowly  into  a 
vessel  containing  pieces  of  pure  aluminum  which 
its  the  chloride  of  gold  to  metallic,  after  being 
washed,  and  any  particles  of  metallic  aluminum  pres- 
ent being  dissolved  with  more  muriatic  acid,  it  is 
again  washed  and  melted,  and  rolled  into  thin  strips 
for  use. 

The  proof  silver  is  prepared  by  dissolving  fine  silver 
in  nitric  acid,  then  precipitating  as  a  chloride.  This 
chloride  i  if  silver  is  either  converted  into  metallic 
silver  with  aluminum  in  the  presence  of  free  muriatic 
acid,  or  is  reduced  to  metallic  silver  with  carbonate 
of  potassium,  then  rolled  into  strips  for  use. 


Consumption  of  Zinc  in  Cyanide  Plants. * 


NUMBER    III. 


WrUlen  by  Walter  H.  Vihgoe. 

At  the  commencement  of  this  paper  it  was  stated 
that  silver  product  was  always  much  finer  than  gold 
product,  and,  consequently,  much  easier  to  reduce. 
On  a  plant  situated  in  the  State  of  Michoacan  the  cost 
of  reducing  metallics,  exclusive  of  labor,  fuel  and  cru- 
pibles,  is  2.27  cents  (Mexican)  per  fine  ounce  of  bul- 
lion produced,  and  the  cost  of  reduction  of  fines  is  not 
more  than  29.28  cents  per  kilo  of  fine  bullion  pro- 
duced. On  another  plant  in  the  Territory  of  Tepie 
the  total  cost,  inclusive  of  labor,  fuel,  crucibles,  etc., 
is  only  23  cents  (Mexican)  per  kilo,  and  at  this  latter 
plant  no  metallics  are  produced  which  can  not  be  re- 
turned to  the  boxes,  and  the  product  consisting  of 
that  material  which  will  pass  a  12-raesh  screen  has  an 
initial  fineness  of  80%  to  90%.  Both  the  above-men- 
tioned plants  are  treating  ehloridized  ores. 

A  good  deal  has  been  said  about  the.  fouling  of  solu- 
tions by  zinc,  but  no  instance  of  fouling  has  so  far 
fallen  under  my  personal  observations  where  the  fall- 
ing off  of  extractions  could  be  attributed  to  zinc  in  solu- 
tion. Such  cases  may  occur  when  plant  solutions  are 
deficient  in  alkali  in  the  form  of  lime. 

A  good  deal  has  also  been  written  and  said  about 
the  great  need  that  exists  for  a  method  to  determine 
"  available  cyanide  "  in  a  plant  solution  in  place  of 
the  present  method,  which  determines  free  cyanide 
and  part  of  the  cyanide  in  combination  with  the  zinc, 
or  all  that  latter  cyanide  if  much  free  alkali  be  pres- 
ent ;  although  it  is  undoubtedly  advantageous  to 
know  how  much  cyanide  is  present  as  free  and  how 
much  as  combined,  yet  at  the  same  time  the  value  of 
the  cyanide  combined  with  the  zinc  as  available  cya- 
nide is  very  much  underestimated,  and  practical  re- 
sults would  be  but  little  affected  were  such  a  method 
devised  and  in  general  use. 

It  has  been  known  for  years  that  zincie-potassic- 
cyanide  is  a  solvent  for  gold  and  silver  and  an  excel- 
lent solvent  in  the  presence  of  lime  or  other  alkali. 
The  euprous-potassic-cyanides  are  likewise  solvents, 
as  the  author  has  pointed  out  in  a  previous  paper, 
but  they  are,  as  would  be  expected,  much  less  efficient 
than  the  zinc  salt. 

It  is  proposed,  therefore,  to  take  up  the  cudgels  in 
defense  of  this  salt  and  to  show  that  its  presence  in 
solution  is,  if  anything,  more  advantageous  than 
harmful.  The  titration  of  a  solution  of  zincic-potassic- 
cyanide  depends  entirely  upon  the  degree  of  dilution 
of  the  solution.  If  a  solution  of  zincic-potassic-cyanide 
be  titrated,  the  cyanogen  contents  of  which  form  the 
equivalent  of  1%  KCN,  the  yellow  iodide  color  forms 
when  about  one-fourth  of  the  cyanide  has  been 
titrated,  indicating  that  the  salt  apparently  splits  up 
in  this  way: 

2  (ZnCy2  2  KCy)  +  Ag  N03  =  2  (Zn  Cy2  KCy)  + 
AgKCy2  +  KN03. 

Upon  standing  a  few  moments,  the  yellow  iodide 
disappears  and  the  solution  clears  up,  and,  if  further 
AgNO.,  be  added,  the  yellow  cloud  of  silver  iodide  will 
again  form  and  again  gradually  disappear  until  the 
full  amount  of  silver  nitrate  has  been  added  to  com- 
bine with  the  2  KCy. 

With  dilute  solutions  the  titrations  are  very  unsat- 
isfactory ;   it  seems  as  though  silver  iodide  is  some- 

*Jour.  Chem.  Met.  and  Min.  Soc,  S.  A.    {Condensed.) 


TABLE    NO.  I 


SHOWING    COMPARISON    OP    EXTRACTIONS    AS    AFFORDED    IIV    SOLUTIONS    OF    POTASSI1    M 
CYANIDE,  ZINCI0-F0TASSIC-0YAND3E  AND  2iNCH    POTASSIC  CYANIDE  PLUS   LIME. 


z 

Weight. 

Reagents  i 

Strength. 

j  ■■ 

BE 

—  — 

-  - 

=  r 
•    2 

a 
t 

Heads 

Tolls. 

Extraction. 

a 
-i 

o 

I 

X 

0 

3 

i 

n 

o 

3 

> 

a 
ft 

> 

c 

> 

> 

c 
: 

- 
n 

: 

> 

> 
r. 

-. 

- 

Remarks. 

1 

100 

100 

i  KCy 

,  ZnCy,  SKCj 

11 
.11 

00 

llt> 

l  li 
ii  1 

IS  57 
B  87 

H  oa 

-.,  28 
U  2:1 

*1  21    *u  28 
1  78     11  51 

-1  52 

;,  eg 

85 
11 

57 

2:1 

BS 

12 

1  The  ore  treated  being  n  clean 
,1111111/  carrying  the  gold  In 
(     a  One  state  ,,i  division. 

e 

100 

too 

1  KCy 

i  ZnCy,.2KCy 

22 
22 

II 

20 

I  0 

II  1 

8  67 

8  57 

0  00 
ii  00 

D  38 
H  2:1 

11  93     11  2:1 
4  55     0  47 

1  10 

6  112 

Ml 
47 

05 
80 

87 
IB 

1  Ditto. 

3 

100 

100 

(ZnCy,  2KCy4  CaO. 
i  ZnCy,  SKCs  1  CaO 

II 
.22 

.10 

21 

II  2 
ii  2 

8  57 

8  57 

II  i;i; 
0  00 

11  ssa 

11 2:1 

1   78 
1  SO 

0  18 
0  45 

2  2il 
■J  81 

HO 

2T 

:i2 

76 

78 

i  Crystals  ol  the  zinc  salt  were 
dissolved  In  a  saturated  so- 
1     tutlon    or    lime    watei     In 
1     these  1  hi.  tests. 

II.— TABLE  SHOWING  COMPARATIVE    EXTRACTIONS   AS    AFFORDED   BY   SOLUTIONS  OF  ZINCIO-POTASSIC- 
CYANIDE  AND  POTASSIUM  CYANIDE  I  IN  HUBS  OK  DIFFERENT  CLASSES. 


Weight. 


2on{ 


Reagent 
Used. 


Kt'v 
ZnCy,.2KCy 


KCy   

ZnCy,  2KC.V 


KCy.. 
ZnCy, 


2KCy 


KCy 

ZnCy2.2KCy 


KCy 

ZnCy,.2KCy 


KCy 

ZnCy  j  2KCy 


KCy 

ZnCy,.2KCy 


Strength 

I,- 1 


1.C0 
1.00 


I    19  21 


I     2  89 


$21  711 


20  49  | 


II  03 
1 


I  1  an- 
trace 


5  99 
7  03 


0  05 
0  02 


0  U5 
0  42 


1  24 
1  75 


*I   82 

::  07 


II  70 
II  97 


2  17 
4  05 


22  HI 
21   35 


0  57 
0  71 


5  22 
9  81 


0  28 
0  48 


0  71) 
II  97 


2  17 
4  05 


28  79 
28  98 


0  02 

1  33 


5  27 

111  23 


1  52 

2  23 


Per  Cent 
Extraction. 


Nature  ol  Ori  Trea  ted. 


(Very  tine  quartz  mixed 
wiili  considerable  schistose 
slimes.  Silver,  principally 
as  sulphide,  partly  as  ohlo- 
ride  and  bromide. 

(  Pyrltlc  quart./,  tailings,  somc- 
l     what  decomposed. 

(Quartz  tailings  containing 
much  oxidized  iron  and 
manganese,  heavy  consump- 
tion of  cyanide  being  due  to 
this  latter  metal. 

IPyritic  quartz  ore  containing 
considerable  base  metals- 
zinc,  lead,  manganese,  etc; 
silver  present   as  sulphide. 

j  Clean  quartz  tailings;  silver 
t     present  as  sulphide. 

(Clean  quartz  tailings,  con- 
-  taining  small  quantities  of 
(     base  metals. 

(Clean  quartz  ore  free  from 
-j  base  metals;  solution  salu- 
te   rated  with  lime. 


Note.— .4%  CaO  added  to  the  first  six  experiments;  tests,  forty-eight  hours'  agitation. 


TABLE  No.  DX— TABLE  SHOWING  RESULTS  OF  BOTTLE  AGITATION  TESTS  CONDUCTED  WITH  SOLUTIONS  OF 
POTASSIUM  CYANIDE  CONTAINING  VARYING  AMOUNTS  OF  ZINCIC-POTASSIC-CYANIDE. 


Weight  of 

$ 

Reagent  Used. 

Reagent 

9° 

Arter 
Use. 

K 

w 

►3 

(0 

B 

0 
cm 

p 

fa 

•  » 
:  O 

0 

<< 

"d  On 

2  '<  '-1 

a  iop 

Is 

Wo 

100 

100 

.5 

.40 

.00 

.4 

.38 

11)0 

100 

.5 

.35 

.05 

.4 

.38 

too 

100 

.5 

.30 

.10 

.4 

.38 

100 

100 

.5 

.25 

.15 

.4 

.38 

100 

100 

.T) 

.20 

.20 

.4 

.38 

100 

100 

.5 

.15 

.25 

.4 

.38 

100 

100 

.5 

.10 

.30 

.4 

.38 

100 

100 

.5 

.05 

.35 

.4 

.38 

100 

100 

.0 

.00 

.40 

.4 

.38 

*11  10 

11  10 

11  10 

II  11; 

11  10 

11  10 

II  10 

11  10 

11  Hi 


SI  73 
1  73 
1  73 
1  73 
1  73 
1  73 
1  73 
1  73 
1  73 


12  89 

12  89 

12  89 

12  89 

12  SO 

12  89 

12  89 


2  48 
2  89 
2  89 

2  89 

3  30 
3  51 
3  71 
3  92 


$3  18 
3  03 
3  47 
3  47 
3  48 

3  89 

4  11 
4  33 
4  03 


Per  Cent  of 
Extraction. 


70 

77.8 

74.2 
74.2 
74.2 
70.5 
08.0 
00.8 
04.9 


71.1 
08.3 
lilj  a 
00.5 
05.9 
05.9 
65.4 
64.2 
59.0 


75,1 
70.5 
73.1 
73.1 
73.1 
69.9 
08.2 
60.5 
64.1 


what  difficult  of  solution  in  dilute  solutions,  conse- 
quently, the  more  dilute  the  solution  of  this  sait 
titrated,  the  greater  the  error  of  titration. 

These  remarks,  of  course,  apply  to  the  titration  of 
this  salt  in  the  absence  of  alkali. 

Where  the  phenomena  of  the  clearing  up  of  a 
solution,  after  the  final  titration  point  had  appar- 
ently been  reached,  is  observed  in  titrating  a  plant 
solution,  the  cause  may  be  attributed  to  the  pres- 
ence of  considerable  zinc  and  lack  of  alkali  in  the 
solution. 

Again,  it  is  hardly  necessary  to  point  out  that  the 
zinc  salt  is  titrated  to  a  degree  which  depends  upon 
the  sufficiency  or  insufficiency  of  the  amount  of  free 
alkali  present.  If  the  alkali  be  lime,  one  molecule 
of  the  zinc  salt  requires  the  presence  of  two  molecules 
of  lime,  and  the  equations  are,  therefore,  probably  as 
follows : 

1.  2  (ZnCy2.  2  KCy)  +  4  Ca(OH)2  +  2  AgNOa  = 

2  ZnCa02  +  2  AgKCy,  4-  2  KN03  + 
2CaCy2  +  4H20. 

2.  2  AgN03  =  2  CaCy2  =  Ag2CaCy4  +  Ca(N03)2. 

A  plant  solution  should  contain,  if  possible,  suf- 
ficient alkali,  in  my  opinion,  to  fulfill  the  needs  of  the 
above  equation — that  is  to  say,  there  should  be  at 
least  one  pound  of  lime  in  solution  to  every  one-half 
pound  of  zinc. 

In  order  to  be  sure  that  the  solution  contains  the 
requisite  amount  of  lime,  the  author  advocates  titrat- 
ing the  plant  solution  with  and  without  the  addition 
of  lime  water  or  a  solution  of  soda  or  potash,  and,  if 
any  difference  be  observed,  adding  the  alkali  till  a 
constant  reading  is  obtained.  By  this  means  the 
operator  will  find  out  how  many  pounds  of  lime  of  a 
known  degree  of  purity  should  be  added  to  each  ton 
of  his  solution. 

The  author  has  never  found  in  practice  that  the 
zinc  in  solution  has  any  tendency  to  accumulate, 
above  a  certain  point,  and,  since  this  is  the  generally 
recognized  state  of  affairs,  if  at  any  normal  period  in 


the  working  of  a  plant  extractions  should  be  correct 
with  this  amount  of  lime  in  solution,  any  subsequent 
falling  off  of  results  should  be  attributed  to  some 
other  causes  than  to  the  results  of  titration.  To 
make  it  more  clear,  a  plant  may  start  up  with  a  2% 
solution  and  the  extractions  may  be  86%,  there  be- 
ing plenty  of  lime  in  the  solution;  later  on,  when  a 
normal  period  is  reached,  and  the  solutions  contain 
the  normal  amount  of  zinc,  titration  results  will  re- 
cord the  strength  of  the  plant  solution  as  free  cya- 
nide plus  combined  cyanide  in  a  more  or  less  regular 
proportion.  If  the  extractions  are  somewhat  lower 
than  they  should  be  the  strength  of  the  solution 
might  be  raised  to,  say,  0.25%,  when,  if  the  extrac- 
tions regain  their  original  degree,  there  is  no  reason 
why  they  should  not  remain  so  since  the  zinc  does  not 
accumulate. 

It  has  often  been  remarked  that  the  addition  of 
alkali  to  a  plant  solution  entails  usually  a  decrease  in 
the  percentage  of  silver  values  extracted  while  re- 
ducing the  consumption  of  cyanide.  The  occurrence 
of  such  a  phenomenon  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the 
solution,  having  become  deficient  in  alkali,  titration 
results  would  record  all  free  KCy  and  only  a  small 
part  of  that  combined  with  the  zinc  in  solution;  the 
addition  of  free  alkali  would  cause  the  recording  as 
free  cyanide  of  a  larger  percentage  of  combined  KCy, 
and  zincic-potassic-cyanide  being  a  poor  solvent  for 
silver,  the  extractions  of  this  metal  would  be  liable  to 
be  lowered,  and  there  would  be  an  apparent  decrease 
of  cyanide  consumption  for  the  time  being. 

With  reference  to  the  extracting  power  of  (ZnCy2) 
zinc-potassic-cyanide,  2  KCy,  upon  gold  and  silver  in 
ores,  Table  No.  1  illustrates  this,  being  a  comparison 
of  results  obtained  with  a  solution  of  this  salt  with 
and  without  the  addition  of  lime  and  a  solution  of 
plain  KCN. 

The  value  of  the  addition  of  the  alkali  is  obvious, 
and  this  salt  is  an  excellent  solvent  for  gold,  though 
comparatively  not  so  good  a  solvent  for  silver,  even 
in  the  presence  of  lime,  though  this  may  be  simply  a 
question  of  duration  of  treatment.     Without  lime  less 


319 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  14,  1903. 


cyanide  is  available  than  with  lime,   as  the  following 
equations  show: 

1.—  2(ZnCy22KCy)  +  2Au+H20-r  O    2AuKCy2  + 
ZnCy2  +  ZnK2024-2HCy. 

2.— H20  +  2(ZnCy22KCy)  +  2Au+04-3Ca(OH)2^ 

2(AuKCy2)  +  ZnK202  +  ZnCa02  + 

2CaCy2+4H20. 

Again,  Table  No.  2  illustrates  the.  action  of  zinc- 
potassie-cyanide  in  comparison  with  pure  solutions  of 
cyanide  upon  different  classes  of  ore.  Thus  it  is  seen 
how  excellent  a  solvent  this  salt  is  in  certain  cases, 
and  how  the  extractions  are  accompanied  with  a 
much  lower  cyanide  consumption. 

Table  No.  3  illustrates  the  solving  power  of  a  solu- 
tion of  cyanide  containing  lime,  the  solvent  being  in 
test  No.  1  plain  cyanide;  in  test  No.  9  plain  zincic- 
potassic-cyanide,  and  in  the  intermediate  tests  cyanide 
partly  free  and  partly  combined  in  varying  propor- 
tions.  These,  are  the  results  of  thirty-hour  bottle  tests. 

When  leaching  tests  are.  made  in  a  laboratory  on  a 
small  scale  it  is  observed  that  even  if  glazed  earthen- 
ware vessels  be  used,  and  every  precaution  taken, 
the  recorded  consumptions  are  greatly  in  excess  of 
those  shown  by  bottle  tests,  which,  approach  very 
closely  to  practical  results.  On  all  plants  the  initial 
consumptions  are  much  higher  than  those  recorded 
after  a  few  weeks  of  running.  If  a  little  zincic-potas- 
sic-cyauide  be  added  to  the  solutions  of  the  labor- 
atory tests  there  is  apparently  much  less  oxidation 
of  the  solutions  and  the  cyanide  consumption  is  con- 
siderably decreased.  Therefore,  much  of  this  initial 
consumption  on  new  cyanide  plants,  hitherto  attrib- 
uted to  absorption  by  new  tanks,  etc.,  is  caused  by 
oxidation  of  the  solutions,  and  as  the  solutions  gradu- 
ally take  up  zinc  the  consumption  of  cyanide  de- 
creases till  it  reaches  its  normal  level,  the  solutions 
being  protected  in  some  way  by  the  presence  of  this 
salt,  and,  therefore,  it  might  be  highly  advantageous 
in  some  cases  to  add  zincic-potassic-cyanide  to  fresh 
solutions,  and,  of  course,  the  requisite  amount  of 
lime,  especially  on  such  plants  where  the  conditions 
produce  a  very  small  chemical  consumption  of  zinc. 
(to  be  continued.) 


New  Method  of  Extracting  Copper  from 
Sulphide    Ores.* 

Written  by  Gustave  Gin. 

An  aqueous  solution  of  sulphur  dioxide  possesses 
the  property  of  attacking  oxide  and  carbonate  of 
copper,  forming  an  unstable  sulphite  of  the  binoxide, 
which  is  gradually  transformed  into  a  mixture  of 
cupro-cupric  sulphite  and  sulphate,  according  to  the 
reaction: 

(1)  3CuO  +  3SO,  =  3CuSO, 

(2)  3CuSOs  +  CuO  =  Cu2S03,  CuSO.,  +  CuS04 
Cupro-cupric   sulphite    (Cu2S03,   CuS03)    is    only 

slightly  soluble  in  water,  but  is  easily  soluble  in  solu- 
tions of  sulphurous  acid  or  cupric  sulphate.  On 
heating  the.  solution  to  180°  C.  (under  a  pressure  of 
10  kg.)  it  loses  sulphurous  acid,  while  cupric  sulphate 
and  metallic  copper  are  formed: 

(3)  (Cu2S03  +  CuSO„)  =  2Cu  +  CuSd  +  S02 

If  the  formulas  1,  2  and  3  be  grouped  together,  it 
appears  that  the  reactions  correspond  to 
4CuO  +  2S02  =  2Cu  -|-  2CuS04 

That  is,  half  the  copper  can  be  obtained  in  the  me- 
tallic state  and  the  other  half  in  the  form  of  sulphate. 

On  the  above  principles  a  new  process  for  the 
treatment  of  copper  ores  has  been  devised.  In  this 
the  ore  is  roasted  in  such  a  manner  that  the  whole  of 
the  sulphide,  of  copper  is  transformed  into  dioxide  or 
sulphate  and  the  whole  of  the  iron  into  peroxide. 
Then  it  is  lixiviated  b\'  means  of  a  solution  of  sulphur- 
ous acid  prepared  in  the  ordinary  manner  from  the 
fumes  given  off  during  the  roasting.  A  saturated 
solution  of  cupro-cupric  sulphite  and  sulphate  of  cop- 
per is  obtained,  containing  at  the  same  time  a  cer- 
tain proportion  of  ferrous  sulphite  and  sulphate.  The 
ferric  sulphite  in  the  presence  of  an  excess  of  sul- 
phurous acid  is  transformed  according  to  the  reaction. 
Fe203,  S02  +  S02=FeS04  +  FeS03. 

The  saturated  solution  of  the  salts  of  copp?r  and 
iron  is  pumped  into  a  copper  boiler,  where  it  is  heated 
to  180°  O,  by  which  a  pressure  of  10  kg.  is  produced. 
At  this  temperature  the  sulphite  and  the  ferrous  sul- 
phate are  completely  insoluble  and  are  precipitated. 
The  cupro-cupric  sulphite  is  dissociated  and  loses 
two-thirds  of  its  .copper  in  the  metallic  state  and  at 
the  same  time  sulphate  of  copper  is  formed. 

The  cloudy  liquor  is  forced  by  its  own  pressure 
through  a  filter-press  heated  by  steam  circulating 
around  the  plates.  In  this  manner  a  solution  of  sul- 
phate of  copper  is  obtained,  which  can  be  cemented 
or  treated  for  crystallized  sulphate,  and  a  precipi- 
tate containing  metallic  copper,  and  sulphite  and  sul- 
phate of  the  protoxide.  This  precipitate  is  washed 
with  pure  water,  which  becomes  saturated  with  sul- 
phate; the  latter  may  be  extracted  by  crystalliza- 
tion. The  residual  sulphite  is  then  oxidized  by  moist 
air  and  gives  sulphate  of  the  protoxide,  which  can  be 
eliminated  by  a  fresh  washing,  and  there  remains 
finally  metallic  copper  of  great  purity,  which  is 
melted  and  run  into  ingots. 

*Trans.  Congress  of  Applied  Chemistry,  Berlin. 


Equipment  of  the  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona.* 

Written  for  the  Mining  and  Scientific  Press  by 
Charles  E.  Bunker,  Construction  Engineer. 

The  Sultan  mine,  operated  by  the  Golden  Link  M. 
Co.,  is  located  in  Yavapai  county,  Arizona,  in  nearly 
a  westerly  direction  from  Prescott,  and  19  miles  from 
Hillside  station,  on  the  Santa  Pe,  Prescott  &  Phoenix 
Railroad.  It  is  on  the  western  slope  of  the  Santa 
Maria  river,  in  what  is  recorded  the  Eureka  mining 
district. 

The  surface  equipment  consists  of  a  20-stamp  mill, 
75-ton  cyanide  plant,  a  pumping  station  and  power 
house. 

All  foundations  are  made  of  concrete.  The  retain- 
ing wall  below  the  batteries  is  concrete  in  the  pro- 
portions of  285  pounds  of  Portland  cement  to  four 
parts  of  sand  and  eight  of  broken  rock  (by  measure- 
ment) to  the  cubic  yard.  The  retaining  wall  under 
the  ore  bin  is  of  the  proportions  of  380  pounds  of 
cement  to  the  cubic  yard — with  the  proportion  of 
sand  and  broken  rock  the  same  as  in  the  lower  wall. 
The  retaining  wall  back  of  the  power  house  is  in  the 
same  proportions  as  the  lower  wall. 

The  battery  blocks  are  solid  concrete.  The  base 
which  extends  the  entire  length  of  the  twenty  stamps 
to  the  height  of  the  line  sills  is  one  solid  masonry 
block,  6  feet  deep  by  13  feet  wide  by  31  feet  long.  On 
the  front  side  of  this  base  are  built  the  mortar  blocks 
proper,  which  are  8  feet  on  the  base  battering  on 
front  and  back  sides  to  4  feet  11  inches  on  top  and  4 
feet  high.      These  top  blocks  were  constructed  after 


inches.  At  the  line  of  discharge  the  width  is  15 
inches. 

The.  stems  are  of  the  Allis-Chalmers  special  mild 
steel,  31  inches  in  diameter  by  14  feet  6  inches  long, 
tapered  on  each  end.  They  are  spaced  in  the  mortar 
with  10-inch  centers.  The  stamps,  including  stem, 
tappet,  bosshead  and  new  shoe,  weigh  1000  pounds. 

The  two  cam  shafts  are  of  the  best  hammered  iron, 
6  inches  in  diameter.  Each  carries  ten  cams,  which 
are  pi-ovided  with  the  patent  eccentric  fastening  de- 
vice of  the  Blanton  type.  The  cams  and  tappets  are 
of  chrome  steel.     The  order  of  drop  of  the  stamps  is 

1,  3,  5,  2,  4,  which  is  not  to  be  recommended  in  any 
case,  as  it  tends  to  cause  the  pulp  to  bank  in  one  end 
of  the  mortar,  thus  allowing  the  stamps  in  one  end  of 
the  mortar  to  "  pound  iron  "  while  the  other  end  is 
chocked  up,  doing  little  if  any  work.  The  order  of 
drop  to  be  universally  recommended  is  1,  5,  2,  4,  3  in 
a  battery  of  five,  or,  in  a  battery  of  ten,  1,  6,  5,  10, 

2,  7,  4,  9,  3,  8,  that  is,  supposing  the  stamps  to  be 
numbered  consecutively  from  one  end  in  the  battery 
from  one  to  ten. 

The  rock  breaker  and  cam  shafts  are  driven  by 
rubber  belting  from  pulleys  on  one  main  line  shaft, 
which  is  a  continuation  of  the  engine  crank  shaft. 
This  shaft  rests  on  concrete  pillows  and  the  line 
sills  of  the  battery  frame,  aud  is  situated  directly 
back  of  the  mortar  blocks,  under  the  feeder  floor. 

The  copper  plates  in  front  of  the  mortars  are  16 
feet  long  and  5  feet  wide,  and  are  plated  with  two 
ounces  of  silver  to  the  square  foot.  The  plates  have 
a  grade  varying  with  the  length,  that  is,  the  plate  is 
sprung  to  form  a  gradual  decreasing  grade.  At  the 
head  near  the  mortar  the  grade  is  If  inches  to  the 


Riveting  Solution  Tank,  Sultan  Mine,  Arizona. 


the  battery  posts  and  line  sills  were  in  place  by  build- 
ing a  form  between  them  and  tamping  it  full  of  con- 
crete. The  concrete  is  mixed  in  the  proportions  of 
400  pounds  of  cement  to  four  parts  of  sand  and  eight 
of  broken  rock  (by  measurement)  to  the  cubic  yard. 

The  engine  foundation  is  7  feet  deep  by  8  feet  wide 
by  25  feet  long.  The  concrete  is  in  the  proportion  of 
285  pounds  of  cement  to  the  cubic  yard,  the  pro- 
portions of  sand  and  gravel  being  as  elsewhere. 

The  dynamo,  air  compressor,  feed-water  heater 
and  feed-water  pump  are  all  on  concrete  foundations. 
The  pillow  blocks  and  floors  in  and  about  the  plant 
are  concrete,  faced  with  cement.  The  floors,  pump 
foundations  and  retaining  walls  at  the  cyanide  plant 
are  also  of  solid  concrete  of  about  the  same  propor- 
tions as  given  above. 

The  battery  frame  is  of  the  ;l  back -knee"  type. 
The  back  knees  form  the  line  sills  on  which  the  ore  bin 
rests.  The  ore  bin  is  30  feet  long  by  16  feet  high,  by 
16  feet  wide,  with  a  45°  angle  brace  in  the  lower  back 
corner,  which  supports  the  floor  joist.  There  are 
also  in  each  bent  a  10x12  45°  angle  brace  in 
the  upper  corners  of  the  bin,  securely  drawn  together 
with  1-inch  bolts  for  the  purpose  of  eliminating  the 
vibration  imparted  to  the  structure  as  far  as  possi- 
ble by  the  rock  breaker,  which  rests  on  the  caps  of 
the  bin — an  arrangement  which  is  to  be  condemned  in 
all  mill  construction  wherever  possible.  In  this  par- 
ticular case,  it  was  imperative  that  the  breaker  be 
so  placed.  The  crusher  is  a  9x15  inch  Blake.  It 
weighs  ten  tons,  so  it  is  easily  understood  what  the 
vibration  might  be  when  the  crusher  is  in  operation. 

The  mortars  are  of  the  Homestake  pattern,  and 
each  weighs  6300  pounds.  They  are  narrow  and  de- 
signed for  fast  crushing.  The  dimensions  in  the  bot- 
tom of  the  mortars  above  the  false  bottoms  are  101x50 

♦See  illustrations  front  page. 


foot.  At  the  lower  end  the  grade  is  11  inches  to  the 
foot.  The  idea  of  the  decrease  in  grade  is  that  as 
the  natural  rate  of  flow  of  the  pulp  is  increased  it  is 
also  retarded  by  less  grade  so  the  flow  is  maintained 
at  about  a  constant  velocity  over  the  entire  length  of 
the  plate. 

The  clean-up  pan  is  to  the  right  of  the  north  bat- 
tery and  in  front  of  the  clean-up  room.  It  is'30  inches 
in  diameter,  and  provided  with  an  adjustable  grind- 
ing muller  with  chrome  steel  shoes.  The  clean-up 
room  is  provided  with  hot  and  cold  water,  tables  and 
clean-up  tub  for  washing  screens  and  panning  sands, 
also  an  amalgam  safe  and  quicksilver  trap. 

The  power  house  is  divided  into  the  boiler-room  and 
engine-room.  In  the  boiler-room  is  a  nest  of  two  60- 
inch  by  16-foot  horizontal  tubular  boilers,  each 
rated  at  80  H.  P.  capacity.  The  boilers  are  set  in 
rubble  lined  throughout  with  fire  brick.  Each  boiler 
is  fitted  to  burn  oil. 

The  oil  is  fed  to  the  boiler  at  a  constant  temper- 
ature and  pressure  by  a  compact  and  neatly  designed 
fuel  oil  circulating  system.  Under  one  boiler  are  two 
burners,  with  circular  orifice.  Under  the  other  is 
one  burner  with  a  rectangular  orifice.  As  to  the 
merits  of  the  two  burners  our  limited  experience  so 
far  has  proven  the  former  burner  to  be  superior  in 
many  ways. 

The  boiler  feeder  is  a  54x32x5-inch  duplex  steam 
pump  supported  on  a  concrete  block.  The  boilers 
are  also  provided  with  a  feed  water  injector.  All 
feed  water  before  entering  the  boilers  passes  through 
a  tubular  heater,  through  which  all  exhaust  steam 
from  the  Corliss  engine,  air  compressor  and  feed 
pump  passes.  All  piping,  with  the  exception  of  the 
main  4-inch  steam  pipe  in  the  boiler  room,  is  laid  in 
conduits  below  the  concrete  floor.  Either  boiler  has 
sufficient  capacity  to  operate  the  entire  plant.    With 


November  14,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


320 


this  flexibility bailer  is  always  in  reserve. 

The  engine  room  contains  all  of  the  power  motors 
with  tin'  exception  of  the  pumps,  The  Corliss  engine 
is  a  10xl6x30-inch  tandem  compound,  built  by 
AUis-Chalmers,  am!  rated  at  120  H  IV  when  running 
at  106  revolutions  per  minute.  The  strain  is  taken 
into  tin-  high  pressure  cylinder  at  Il'.'i  pounds  pres 
Bure  ami  exhausted  t"  tin-  low  pressure  cylinder  at  la 
pounds  pressure. 

Tin-  air  compressor  is  a  10xl0xl2-inch  simple 
Blide  valve  engine,  governed  by  a  combined  air-steam 
governor.  The  compressor  is  run  to  carry  an  air 
pressure  of  between  forty  ami  seventy  pounds  for 
operating  the  Biter  presses  at  the  cyanide  plant.  In 
tin-  engine  room  is  an  electric  50  II.  P.  dynamo, 
which  runs  at  1200  revolutions  per  minute.  It  is 
driven  by  a  10-inch  double  leather  bell  from  a  coun- 
tershaft   running  overhead  and  above   the  ceiling. 

The  dynM furnishes  tights  and  power  to  operate 

the  electric  pumps  at  the  pumping  station  1  mile  be- 
low the  power  house.  Tin'  foundations  of  tin-  engine 
room,  as  already  stated,  an-  of  conorete.  All  piping 
and  electric  wiring  an-  laid  below  the  floor.  The 
Boor  is  paved  in  diagonally  laid  squares,  with  a  tiling 
around  the  outer  edge  of  the  room.  The  room  is 
ceiled  throughout  with  double-beaded  ceiling,  and  is 
lighted  by  four  skylights  and  two  double  mullion 
windows. 

(to  be  continued.) 


Mining  on  Douglas  Island,  Alaska." 

Written  by  ROBKRT  A.  Kinzik. 

The  chutes  employed  in  the  Treadwell  mines  of 
Alaska  are  of  unusual  construction.  The  cuts  show 
the  features  of  the  so-called  linger  chute  which  is 
used  throughout  the  island  when  a  large  amount  of 
coarse  rock  is  to  be  handled.  The  fingers  are  held  in 
place  by  the  weight  of  an  arm  B  and  are  separately 
swung  from  the  rod  c  c,  so  that  the  motion  of  each  is 
independent  of  that  of  the  other.  For  the  purpose 
of  raising  the  fingers  so  that  the  ore  can  be  drawn, 
to  the  top  of  each  finger  is  fastened  a  piece  of  rope. 
These  pieces  are  brought  to  a  common  center  and 
fastened  to  the  mam  hoisting  rope,  which  passes  over 
a  pulley  in  the  top  of  the  drift  and  thence  down  to  a 
small  windlass.  When  ore  is  to  be  drawn  the  fingers 
are  raised  to  the  height  necessary  to  allow  the  ore  to 
pass.  When  enough  ore  has  been  drawn  the  fingers 
are  released  and  fall  into  position,  stopping  the  flow. 
If  a  large  piece  is  caught  on  the  lip  of  the  chute  it 
will  hold  only  the  finger  or  fingers  that  come  in  con- 
tact with  it,  while  the  others  drop  to  their  normal 
position.  To  prevent  fine  dirt  dripping  into  the 
roadway,  a  tailboard  is  put  across  the  mouth  of  the 
chute  and  held  in  position  by  the  angle  irons  D. 

The  cost  of  putting  up  chute  raise,  cutting  station, 
and  installing  finger  chute  complete,  is  as  follows: 

Twelve  feet  e-1  raise  at  $9  per  foot $108  00 

Eighty  ears  of  dirt  at  20  cents 10  00 

Cutting  chute  station  for  windlass 40  00 

Forty  cars  of  dirt  at  20  eents 8  00 

Building  ringer  chute 17  58 

Lumber  (700  feet,  board  measure,  at  $12) 8  75 

Iron  and  steel 40  00 

Blacksmith  work 7  01) 

Rope 2  00 

Total  cost J247  33 

The  principal  advantages  gained  by  using  the  fin- 
ger chutes  are  dispatch  in  loading  and  freedom  from 
blocked  chutes  and  spilling  ore  on  the  tracks.  Their 
cost  is  prohibitive  except  where  a  large  amount  of 
coarse,  dry  rock  is  to  be  handled,  and  in  the  Ready 
Bullion  and  Mexican  mines  they  have  been  in  a  great 
measure  superseded  by  the  common  board  chute, 
which  costs  much  less.  In  the  Treadwell  they  alone 
are  used,  and  they  are  being  put  in  at  intervals  of  20 
and  15  feet,  instead  of  30  feet,  as  heretofore.  The 
additional  expense  of  putting  in  finger  chutes  every 
15  feet,  instead  of  every  30  feet,  is  $8.33  per  foot  of 
drift.  The  saving  in  shoveling  in  a  stope  60  feet  wide 
would  be  $12  per  foot,  making  a  saving  of  $3  67  by 
additional  chutes,  to  which  must  be  added  the  advan- 
tage of  not  losing  time  by  chutes  getting  blocked. 
With  chutes  15  feet  apart,  the  train  can  move  with 
brief  stops  and  be  practically  drawing  from  the  same 
part  of  the  stope.  The  blocked  chute  can  be  freed 
by  one  man  and  not  delay  the  train  more  than  ten 
minutes.  Also,  in  ease  the  back  of  the  stope  should 
become  so  bad  that  men  could  not  get  in  to  work  the 
ore  into  chutes,  more  than  twice  as  much  could  be 
drawn  from  the  stope  with  chutes  15  feet  apart. 

A  modification  of  the  finger  chute  is  used  for  the 
skip  and  bin  chutes.  They  are  made  with  six  fingers 
and  are  6  inches  wider  than  the  ordinary  chute.  A 
trough  is  added  to  carry  the  ore  from  the  lip  to  the 
edge  of  the  shaft.  It  is  9  feet  long  and  3  inches  wide, 
with  an  inclination  of  36°,  so  that  the  ore  will  run 
freely  from  the  lip  to  the  skip.  Attached  to  the  end 
of  the  trough  is  a  hinged  door  made  of  J-inch  steel 
plate.  When  raised  it  immediately  and  entirely  stops 
the  flow,  and  allows  the  trough  to  be  filled  in  readi- 
ness for  loading  the  next  skip.  It  takes,  on  an  aver- 
age, twenty  seconds  to  load  a  four-ton  skip  and  make 
everything  clear  for  hoisting. 

Table  I  gives  the  duty  of  machine  drills  in  the  dif- 

*Trana.  Am.  Inst.  Mln.  Engs,    (Condensed.) 


characters  of  work   for  which 

ployed. 


they  are  ein- 


TABLE   i   -Showing   Oi    i    oi  Machwi    Drills  "\   Dot 

Islam.,   Alaska.    "H." 


► 

"01         > 

="  -    »Ke 

~~  ; 

Cost  pei 

o  3  §  S  g  g 

Machine  Drill  In 

T. 

11    Hours, 

Clmraeti.'r  <>r  Wurk. 

..So 

-  ".  /. 

Sere 

"SB 

i  - 

X 

n 
=-' 

:  S3» 

■  IS  c 

■  °_ 

-  - 

<T> 

Mine. 

c 

G9 

tr 
0 

7 

9 

0 

0 

s-  3. 

3 
-    "3  w 

O 

5* 

f 

-.  ■  — 

"S 

d  - 

-  s 

,  J_ 

u 

:  -3o 

:  ?£ 

a  i 

f8 

Pits 

86  35    15  80    ''11  09 

(2  511 

S  to  pes 

2*  On    12  S3    34  96 

1   97 

gs 

Cutting  Out 

26  10     II    15 

12  so 

1    HIP 

Drifting. 

38  '.".' 

10  73 

9  00 

9  69 

o^s 

Raising   

;n  is 

1 1  95 

7  «o 

.'  ::., 

H            1 

Shaft  Sinking 

:il  12 

13  05 

n  28 

2  15 

Totals 

32,30 

14.13 

311  07 

*7  87 

82  32    *2  111 

a             1 

Pits 

111  01 

15  01 

111  711 

$2  40 

i6 

S  topes 

31  7s 

19  HO 

96  19 

2  26 

Catting  i  tut 

HI    III 

13  71 

18  40 

2  23 

Drifting, 

10  83 

17.88 

11    III 

2  91 

Raising 

85.28 

15.44 

II   23 

2  51 

Shaft  Sinking    . 

II    III! 

17.92 

20  92 

2  92 

34 .  59 

15.13 

25  58 

*7  US 

i 

17  31 

1117  110 

J2.82  

■-S  ■     1 

29.85 
26.23 

12  90 
11.48 

58  111 
17  110 

"11 

•SSS    1 

Cutting  Out 

1.87 

«15  1 

Drifting 

30.10 

13.19 

10.88 

2.15 

26.44 
26,80 

11.57 
11.72 

0.90 
15.21 

1.88 

1 

Shaft  Sinking  

1.91 

Totals     ,. 

38.58 

12  49 

28.10 

W  03 

82.031  83.02 

1 

Pits 

30.41 

15.92 

55.15 

82,59 

°,; 

Stopes   

29.26 

12.81 

35  lis 

2,09 

fc.S       I 

Cutting' Out 

26.00 

11.37 

12  111 

1  85 

Drifting 

38.00 

17.12 

15.64 

2  71 

Is 

Raising 

33  60 

14.70 

H  on 

2.39 

1 

Shaft    Sinking 

32.10 

14.07 

20  50 

2.29 

31.33 

13.72 

27  41 

J6.48 

82.23 

Av.  Totals. 

31.93 

13.90 

33.54 

$7.58 

*2  27 

$2.42 

Under  the  heading  "Pounds  Powder  Used  per 
Machine  Drill  per  Ten-Hour  Shift"  is  given  the 
actual  amount  of  powder  used  for  blasting  the  holes 
drilled,  but  it  does  not  include  powder  used  for  bull- 
dozing, blasting  chutes,  etc.    The  cost  of  this  powder 


(Scchonal  ZU'olion 


when  one  train  is  dumping  another  is  loading  and  the 
third  is  on  the  way. 

While  there  is  a  marked  saving  in  men  by  using 
horses,  their  Brs1  cosi  is  considerable,  a  horse  cost- 
ing $180  delivered;  and  their  depreciation  is  another 
factor  to  be  considered,  for  they  are  continually 
meeting  with  accidents,  which  either  disable  them 
permanently  or  laj  them  off  at  a  cost  of  $1  a  day  for 
mainteni 

By  the  use  of  mechanical  haulage  both  the  lost, 
time  and  cost  per  ton  has  been  greatly  reduced.  The 
system  is  essentially  the  so-called  tail  rope  system  in 

use  in  numerous  places,  but  modified  to  make  it  con- 
form with  underground  conditions.     On  the  hanging 

wall  side  of  the  ore  bin  is  situated  a  double-drum 
winding  engine,  size  of  cylinders  7  inches  by  In  inches, 
with  drums  -  feel  8  inches  in  diameter.  Set  directly 
in  front  of  and  close    to    the    engine    are   four   posts. 

Two  are  designed  to  carry  a  sheave  suspended  on  a 
horizontal  axle,  for  guiding  the  upper  rope  and  caus- 
ing it  to  wind  smoothly  on  the  drum,  while  the 
remaining  two  support  a  roller  which  answers  the 
same  purpose  for  the  lower  rope.  From  the  drum  to 
the  point,  where  the  drifts  branch  out,  the  upper  rope 
is  supported  by  snatch  blocks  suspended  from  the 
back  of  the  drift  and  by  sheaves  at  the  ends  of  arms 
securely  fastened  to  lllx Ill-inch  posts.  A  horizontal 
sheave  is  placed  at  the  point  where  the  direction  of 
the  rope  is  changed  to  allow  it  to  enter  the  drift. 
Since  this  sheave  is  subject  to  severe  strains,  it 
should  be  held  rigidly  in  place  by  horizontal  10x10- 
inch  pieces  securely  bolted  to  the  lllxlO-inch  posts. 
From  this  point  to  the  end  of  the  drift  the  upper  rope 
is  carried  by  sheaves  fastened  to  the  posts  of  the  fin- 
ger chutes,  immediately  under  the  protruding  lip, 
where  it  will  be  out  of  the  way  and  at  the  same  time 
protected  from  blasting.  The  sheaves  are  inclined 
so  that  the  greatest  strain  is  at  right  angles  to  the 
axles,  and  the  rope  prevented  from  jumping  out  by 
pegs  placed  across  the  top  of  the  sheave.  The  lower 
rope  is  kept  in  line  by  a  series  of  horizontal  sheaves 
fastened  to  blocks,  their  number  depending  on  the 
crookedness  of  the  tunnel;  and  it  is  prevented  from 
dragging  on  the  ground  by  iron  rollers  placed  be- 
tween the  tracks. 

The  lower  sheaves  are  placed  as  near  the  track  as 
possible,  and  are  mounted  on  pieces  of  lOxlO-inch 
timber  securely  braced  against  the  side  of  the  tunnel. 
To  guide  the  rope  into  the  sheave  the  front  end  of  the 
block  is  beveled  off  to  the.  height  of  the  rail.     On  the 


Finger  Chute,  Alaska  Treadwell  Mine. 


is  given  under  the  head  of  "Explosives."  It  varies 
with  the  different  mines,  and  from  month  to  month  in 
the  same  mine,  according  to  the  varying  expenses  of 
handling  and  sales  of  powder  to  outside  parties. 

The  Labor-Drilling"  cost  is  given  in  the  actual 
expense  of  machine  men  and  helpers.  The  men  do  a 
great  deal  of  the  paring  down  and  trimming,  and 
the  above  cost  will  vary  accordingly. 

The  last  column,  "  Average  Cost  per  Machine  Drill 
in  Ten  Hours,"  gives  the  cost  of  drill  sharpening,  re- 
pairs, power,  and  all  other  costs  not  included  under 
the  heads  of  "Labor-Drilling"  and  "  Explosives." 

Tramming. — At  present  there  are  three  methods  of 
tramming  in  use — by  hand,  with  horses,  and  by  eudr 
less  rope  haulage. 

When  the  tramming  is  done  by  hand  one  man  loads 
a  car,  pushes  it  to  the  ore  bin,  dumps,  and  returns  it 
to  the  chute.  Ordinarily  there  are  several  men 
tramming  from  the  same  chute,  and  a  great  deal  of 
time  is  lost  by  awaiting  their  turn  to  load;  and, 
again,  at  the  bin  there  is  another  wait  until  the  last 
car  is  dumped  before  starting  on  the  return  trip. 

By  using  horses  the  lost  time  is  minimized  by  mak- 
ng  up  two  or  more  trains  of  eight  cars  each,  so  that 


top  of  the  sheave  is  a  piece  of  wrought  iron,  its 
object  being  to  preveut  the  rope  from  jumping  out 
and  also  to  hold  the  axle  in  a  vertical  position.  At 
the  ends  of  the  various  drifts,  or  at  convenient  points 
in  them,  is  placed"  a  series  of  sheaves,  or  a  single 
sheave,  as  the  case  may  be,  to  carry  the  end  loop  of 
the  rope.  At  first  Was  tried  a  sheave  mounted  on  a 
truck  and  fastened  by  clamps  to  the  rails,  but  this 
proved  a  failure  on  account  of  the  great  strain,  pull- 
ing up  the  track  and  doing  other  damage. 

For  purposes  of  signaling,  two  bare  iron  wires  are 
run  the  entire  length  of  the  tunnel.  These  wires  are 
parallel  and  4  inches  apart.  At  the  winding  engine 
they  connect  with  a  bell  and  signal  light,  while  the 
current  is  obtained  from  the-  electric  light  circuit. 
The  signals  are  given  by  placing  an  iron  candlestick 
across  the  two  wires  or  by  means  of  a  special  port- 
able signal  device.  As  the  wires  are  bare,  signals 
can  be  given  from  any  point,  which  is  a  great  con- 
venience in  case  of  the  train  jumping  the  track  or 
other  accident.  Two  trains  are  used  on  each  level, 
consisting  of  seven  cars,  each  car  holding  \\  ton. 
While  one  train  is  discharging  at  the  shaft  ore  bin 
the  other  is   loading.     The  trains  are  run  at  a  max;. 


321 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  14,  1903. 


mum  speed  of  800  feet  per  minute,  and  at  present 
their  capacity  is  750  tons  of  ore  per  shift,  or  1500 
tons  per  day. 

Sampling,  Maps  and  Assaying. — Close  attention 
is  paid  to  sampling  and  recording  the  assay  value  of 
the  ore.  As  a  drift,  raise,  crosscut  or  other  devel- 
opment work  is  in  progress,  a  sample  is  taken  after 
each  round  has  been  blasted.  These  samples  are 
taken  by  either  the  shift  boss  or  the  foreman,  and 
their  description  and  location  are  recorded  on  a  spe- 
cial tag,  enclosed  with  the  sample  in  the  sack. 

At  intervals  of  15  feet,  and  closer  if  there  is  any 
doubt  as  to  the  value  of  the  ore,  lines  of  samples — 
each  sample  being  10  feet  long  and  varying  with  the 
nature  of  the  ore — are  taken  across  the  back  uf  the 
stopes  at  right  angles  to  the  strike.  These  samples 
are  taken  by  cutting  trenches,  usually  10  feet  long,  4 
inches  wide  across  the  strike  of  the  ore.  and  5  feet 
apart,  for  the  entire  length  of  the  new  work.  A 
hand  sample  is  taken  from  each  car  at  the  ore  bins, 
and  again  at  the  crushers  a  grab  sample  is  taken  by 
means  of  large  dippers,  before  the  ore  goes  to  the 
mill. 


TABLE  n.— Showing  Number  and  Percentage  of  Different 

NATIONALITIES  WORKING  AT  THE   MINES  ON  DOUGLAS  ISLAND, 
ALASKA. 

Tread-  Mexi-  Ready 

Per  Cent.  well.  can.    Bullion.  Total. 

Americans 26.5  147  46  27  230 

Norwegians,  Swedes,  Danes. .  25.0  101  60  41  205 

Scotch 1.0  4  2  5  11 

Austrians  and  Slavonians 24.5  113  29  58  200 

Irish 3.5  22  5  2  29 

Germans 3.0  13  7  4  24 

French 3  . .  . .  2 

English 2,5  16  2  2  20 

Italians 3.0  6  8  9  23 

Finns 5.0  17  20  3  40 

Russians 1.0  5  3  ..  8 

Turks 1  . .  1 

Japanese 4.0  17  15  32 

Indians 1.0  6  2  1  9 

Totals... 100.0  473  199  153  824 

The  only  samples  taken  in  the  mill  are  from  the 
tailings  and  sulphurets.  The  tailings  sample  is  taken 
either  at  the  tail  of  the  vanners  by  means  of  dippers, 
or  at  the  end  of  the  tailings  launders  by  means  of 
automatic  samplers.  The  sulphurets  are  sampled  by 
means  of  the  ordinary  grooved  sampling  rod.  When 
the  mine  sample  reaches  the  assay  office  it  weighs 
from  50  to  150  pounds. 

The  assay  office  is  fitted  with  the  usual  grinding 
machinery,  two  double  muffle  furnaces,  pulp  and  bul- 
lion scales,  etc.  There  is  an  average  of  about  one 
hundred  samples  assayed  each  day,  and  the  returns 
from  a  sample  are  obtained  the  day  after  it  is  taken. 
All  samples  are  assayed  for  gold  only.  In  connection 
with  the  assay  office  are  the  retorting  and  melting 
rooms  for  refining  the  amalgam  from  the  mills. 

A  complete  set  of  maps  is  kept,  showing  in  detail 

[f 


to  48°  00'  latitude  and  from  112°  30'  to.  113°  00'  longi- 
tude, and  contains  805  square  miles. 

It  lies  wholly  on  the  eastern  slope  of  the  Conti- 
nental Divide.  The  Sun  River  mountains  extend 
through  the  central  portion  from  north  to  south  and 
form  the  most  important  topographic  feature.  These 
mountains,  which  are  extremely  rough,  rise  from  an 
altitude  on  the  plains  to  the  east  of  4650  feet  above 
sea  level  to  8865  feet  in  the  highest  peak.  They  are 
composed  of  a  number  of  small  ranges  that  lie  paral- 
lel to  one  another  and  have  a  general  north-and-south 
trend.  The  summits  of  these  short  ranges  are 
usually  beset  with  sharp  pinnacles,  and  viewed  from 
a  distance  present  a  typical  sierra  or  saw-like  ap- 
pearance, contrasting  strongly  with  the  level  plains 
that  occupy  the  eastern  third  of  the  quadrangle. 
Several  small  streams  rise  in  these  mountains  and 
flow  eastward  to  join  the  Sun  river.  Here  also  the 
Teton  river  has  its  source.  The  valley  of  Sun  river 
occupies  the  western  part  of  the  quadrangle  and 
separates  the  Sun  River  mountains  from  the  main 
chain  of  the  Rockies,  which  form  in  Montana  the  Con- 
tinental Divide.  Sun  river  itself  rises  in  the  north- 
west corner  of  the  quadrangle,  flows  southward 
almost  to  the  southern  boundary,  turns  abruptly  to 
the  east  and  then  cuts  through  the  mountains  in  a 
deep,  narrow  canyon,  one  of  the  most  picturesque  in 
Montana.  There  are  no  settlements  in  the  moun- 
tainous portion  of  the  quadrangle,  but  the  eastern 
plain  is  occupied  by  the  ranches  of  sheep  and  cattle 
raisers. 

The  map  of  the  quadrangle  is  made  on  the  scale  of 
1:125000,  or  nearly  2  miles  to  the  inch.  The  topo- 
graphic features  are  represented  by  contour  lines  of 
elevation  representing  vertical  intervals  of  100  feet. 
All  roads  and  trails  are  shown. 

The  map  is  printed  in  three  colors,  the  waters  be- 
ing in  blue,  the  topographic  features  in  brown,  and 
the  cultural  features — roads,  railroads,  towns,  etc., 
and  all  lettering  for  names — in  black.  A  full  expla- 
nation of  the  topographic  methods  employed  and  con- 
ventional signs  used  is  printed  on  the  back  of  each 
map.  The  maps  can  be  procured  from  the  Director 
of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 

Device  for  Treating  Black  Sand. 

To  the  Editor: — The  accompanying  sketches  are 
those  of  an  amalgamating  barrel  which  I  have  used 
successfully  the  past  five  years  for  cleaning  up  black 
sand.     It   is   a   great   labor '  saver  and    easily    con- 


Uniform  Cost  Returns. 


9 


the  underground  and  surface  workings  of  the  -mines, 
also  the  value  and  position  of  each  sample  taken  and 
the  quantity  of  broken  ore  and  reserves. 


Topographic  Map  of  Northwestern 
Montana. 


The  United  States  Geological  Survey  has  published 
a  map  of  the  Saypo  quadrangle  in  northwestern 
Montana,  which  embraces  an  area  covering  30  min- 
utes of  latitude  and  longitude,  extending  from  47°  30' 


Amalgam  Barrel  for  Black  Sand. 

|  structed.  Using  a  piece  of  H-inch  pipe  for  shaft  and 
a  10-gallon  keg  for  an  amalgamator,  filling  the  barre 
one-third  full  of  black  sand,  with  two  pounds  of  quick- 
silver, it  can  be  arranged  to  run  by  water-wheel  set 
in  the  sluice  box,  or  independently.  The  water  sup- 
ply can  also  be  connected  the  same  way.  When  the 
barrel  turns  about  fifteen  revolutions  per  minute  I 
have  found  it  to  work  best.  At  the  belt  end  of  the 
shaft  I  always  set  a  small  keg  or  tub  to  catch  any 
quicksilver  that  should  get  out  of  the  barrel.  This  is 
not  patented.  Geo.  W.  Otterson, 

Superintendent  Detroit- Alaska  H.  M.  Co. 
Seattle,  Wash. 


Written  by  W.  A.  Prichard. 
All  good  work  in  mining  is  the  result  of  an  honest 
desire  on  the  part  of  a  director,  engineer  or  manager 
to  meet  surrounding  conditions  and  make  the  great- 
est profit  out  of  a  mining  property. 

A  mining  property,  unlike  a  manufacturing  con- 
cern, is  an  exhaustible  asset.  Every  pound  unneces- 
sarily expended  in  development,  machinery  or  work- 
ing costs  on  a  mine  is  irretrievably  lost  to  the  mining 
investor.  In  order  to  avoid  such  wasteful  expendi- 
ture it  is  necessary  to  determine  with  as  much  preci- 
sion as  possible  what  is  the  best  machinery  for  a 
given  purpose,  what  are  the  best  working  methods 
to  employ,  and  what  is  the  best  type  of  man  to  place 
in  charge  of  such  machinery  and  operations.  The 
great  multiplicity  of  machinery  and  methods  em- 
ployed in  mining  operations  makes  such  determina- 
tions extremely  difficult  on  account  of  the  large  num- 
ber of  ingenious  men  engaged  in  mining,  each  with 
his  individual  proficiency  in  certain  branches  of  work. 
Aggregate  working  costs  differ  widely  in  mines 
working  on  similar  ores  under  similar  conditions. 
Comparative  analysis  of  the  working  costs  shows  up 
still  wider  differences  in  the  cost  of  certain  opera- 
tions, such  as  crushing  with  stamps,  concentrating, 
amalgamating,  etc.,  a  perfect  understanding  of 
which  should  be  the  very  A  B  C  of  a  mining  man's 
education. 

Where  several  mines  with  similar  ores,  such  as  at 
Kalgoorlie,  are  working  under  the  same  general  con- 
ditions of  labor,  supplies,  etc.,  the  officials  of  each 
individual  mine,  should  be  afforded  every  facility  for 
profiting  by  the  mistakes  and  successes  of  all  others 
in  the  district.  By  systematizing  the  records  of  engi- 
neering, metallurgical  and  mining  results  under  a 
common  system,  great  economy  can  be  introduced  in 
the  experiments,  methods  of  working  and  selection  of 
supplies  and  machinery.  Every  mine  has  its  own 
system  of  account  keeping  and  reporting  to  conform 
with  the  different  ideas  and  methods  of  different 
auditors  and  managing  directors,  and  although  the 
cost  sheets  of  each  mine  fulfill  all  of  the  requirements 
of  that  particular  mine,  the  varying  conditions  and 
different  processes  and  methods  employed  make  com- 
parison extremely  inconclusive.  In  order  to  show  up 
the  advantages  and  defects  of  different  machinery 
and  methods,  it  is  necessary  to  compute  the  costs  on 
a  common  system  for  comparison.  The  writer  has, 
to  meet  this  requirement,  designed  a  special  cost 
form.  This  cost  form  has,  since  the  beginning  of  the 
present  year,  been  used  as  an  auxiliary  to  the  regu- 
lar cost  and  extraction  sheets  at  the  Lake  View  Con- 
sols, Great  Boulder  Main  Reef,  Oroya-Brownhill  and 
Great  Pingall  mines. 

Although  the  above  mentioned  mines  are  employing 
different  machinery  and  three  widely  different  treat- 
ment processes,  the  costs  have  been  split  up  in  such 
a  way  that  the  various  detail  operations  at  one  mine 
are  set  against  similar  operations  at  the  others  in 
such  a  way  that  any  one  who  is  interested  enough  to 
inform  himself  as  to  the  character  of  ore  treated,  ex- 
tractions obtained  and  machinery  employed,  can 
derive  very  accurate  information  as  to  the  relative 
advantages  of  the  machinery,  methods  and  processes. 
Such  comparisons  as  these  introduce  a  healthful 
rivalry  among  managers  and  afford  great  assistance 
to  themselves  in  their  efforts  to  introduce  the  most 
economical  machinery  and  the  most  skillful  employes. 
The  accompanying  reproduction  of  the  expenditure 
accounts  for  the  operation  of  three  mines  by  the 
three  processes  used  exclusively  in  Western  Australia 
gold  mines  illustrates  the  use  of  the  form  referred  to 
above.  Comparison  is  therein  made  of  the  wet 
crushing,  concentrating,  bromo-cyanide  process  of 
the  Oroy a-Brownhill ;  the  dry  crushing,  roasting  cya- 
nide process  of  the  Great  Boulder  Main  Reef,  and 
the  wet  crushing,  concentrating,  cyaniding  process 
of   the   Great    Pingall  Consolidated,    together   with 

their  mining  and  other 
expenditures  for  the 
month  of  July,  1903. 

At    the  recent    con- 
ference of  the  Chamber 
of  Mines  at  Kalgoorlie, 
a  resolution  was  passed 
favoring    the   adoption 
of  a  uniform  system  of 
reporting    costs.     The 
above     information     is 
offered    as    a    possible 
aid    toward   that  end. 
The    present    practice 
of    a  few  mines   in   Western  Australia   of  publish- 
ing costs  monthly  has  been  a  wonderful  impetus  to- 
wards improvement  in  mining. 

Uniformity  of  account  keeping  is  much  needed  in 
the  matter  of  separating  development  from  ore 
extraction  and  in  charging  out  salaries  and  manage- 
ment expenses.  The  writer  has  instituted  at  a  few 
mines  the  system  of  charging  to  ore  extraction  all 
ore  derived  from  development  at  the  average  stop- 
ing  cost  for  ore  derived  from  stopes.  The  accompa- 
nying table  explains  the  system  :     (See  next  page.) 

transaction  Chamber  of  Mines,  Western  Australia. 


November  14,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


328 


COMPARISON    OF   COSTS    FOR    MOMH    OF    JULY,    1Q03 


OROYA  BROWNHILL. 

GREAT  BOULDER  MAIN  REEF. 

;     GREAT  FINGALL  CONSOL] 

DATED. 

4-.035  TONS  TREATED. 

1            ""       "       ~ 

1,760  TONS  TREATED. 

8,270  TONS  TREAT] 

:d. 

Expenditure 

Total 

Expenditure 

Cost 
per  Ton 

Total  Cost 
per  Ton 

I  Expenditure 

Total 

Expenditure 

Cost 
per  Ton 

Total  Cost 
per  Ton 

i  Expenditure     &*Xm 

Cost 
per  Ton 

Total  Cost 

'     per  Ton 

Rockbreaking                 <•.. 
POwci    ... 

1  1      :      ... 

Repairs... 

Supplies                 ...              ...              ... 

Drjuifi  Wei  Ofe 

£    *     d- 

40  18    6 
14    0    0 

1    17     6 

3     1     6 

£       s     d. 

58   17     6 

46    12     7 
504   It      I 

125    1    9 
"37     5     8 

229  1 1     8 

J 10    0    0 
1,521     8     0 

270  10  11 
175    6    7 
245     8     2 
61     3    3 

£    s.    d 

0    0    244 
0    0    083 
0     0     Oil 
0    0    012 

£    s.    d. 
0    0    350 

0    0    277 
0    2    601 

0    0    744 

0    0    817 

0     1      I  66 

0    0    654 
0    7     649 

O     I     4*09 

0    0  1043 
0    1    259 
0    0    364 

I    £    '■    A 

20  11    0 
■  7  IS    * 
3  "     7 
0  16    5 
3    7    3 

£     ■.    d. 
.46    1    9 

326    7    0 

308  to  u 
219  19    8 

212  16    0 

1 

195    1    5 

!i! 

89  to    6 
33  13    0 

7  10    4 

£    »•    d 

0    0    281 
00    2  43 
0    0    047 
0    0    017 
0    0    044 

£   »■    d. 
0   0   632 

0   3   876 

0   3   0  31 

0  '2   617 

0   2   5-18 

0     2,    2'75 
0    I     0  28 
0    0    4'62 
0    0    1 05 

.     £    «.   d. 

| 

49  18    5 

34     »     4 
54  <>    5 
4    3    3 

£     ».    d. 
143    2    5 

105  2    9 
1,499  18    0 

106  0    1 

50    0    0 

77  10    0 

773    5    0 

143  13    0 
447  17    5 
no  15  to 

SO-   8    4 

£    »•    d. 

0    0    145 
00    1  00 
0    0    1  58 
0    0    012 

£   s.   d. 
0   0   415 

Transport  to  Mill 

r 

L*bot     ... 
Repairs... 

Supplies                        ... 

6*1*6     5 

.19     4     » 

0  11     6 

0    0    04 1 
0    0    233 

0    0    003 

12    5    3 

80  10    0 
5  "7    9 
699 

0    0    035 
0    0    233 
0    0    017 
0    0    0  20 

0   0   30s 

Milting             

Power    ...             ...             ...             .„ 

Repairs 

Supplies  (General) 
Mercury 

252    7     1 
H6    6    6 
26    4     1 

1.19  "3     3 

0    1    301 
0    0    5'13 
0    0    1-50 
0    0    831 

ii)5    4    6 
81  11     3 

,5     6     2 

34     5     1 

0    2    277 
0    0  11  19 
0    0    210 
0    0    470 

529    0    9 

4i»     4     7 

218    7    6 

30.1  14    1 

10  11     1 

0    t    336 
0    1    071 
0    0    633 
0    0    881 
0    0    031 

"    3    7S2 

Concentrating 

Puwer 

Laboi 

Repairs 

Supplies 

36 '"?    6 

68  17     5 
17   '«     5 
1    18     5 

0    0    2  16 
00410 
0    0    1 07 
0    0011 

... 

72    0    2 

S  iij     0 
25     9   II 

0    0    209 
0    0    025 
0    0    074 

0    0    308 

Rotullug 

Power   ... 

Labor     ... 

Repairs 

Supplies  iGencral) 

Fuel        

18  n   9 
1     63  14   7 

14  "7    3 

0  17     1 
39  *3    0 

0    0     1 08 
0     u     379 
0    0    089 
0    0    005 

0     0      236 

47  19    0 
"$ii    0 
7    9    2 
3  M    9 
190  16  II 

0    0    658 
0    0    803 
00    1  02 
0    0    051 
0    2    2  17 

(feslimak'd) 

::: 

... 

0    0    1-45- 

Grinding    Mills  or  Pan) 
Power   ... 
Labor     .  . 

Repairs               

Supplies  (General) 

Mercury               

167  "6    6 

5  13     4 
49  M     4 

6  17     6 

0    0    995 
0    0    034 
0    0     296 

0     0    040 

92    9    3 
01    5    s 
21   10    7 

!    44  14  5 

1 

0    1    068 
0    0    840 
0    0    2-96 
0    0    613 

1  Estimated.) 

0    0    225 

Classifying,  Elevating,  and  Ret'g  Solution 
tower   ... 
L.t bur,  ... 

Repairs                 ...             ?.. 
Supplies 

61  "if.     Q 
600 
41*0  11 

1     2     4 

0    0  J  368 
0    0 "  0'36 
0    0    244 
0    0    006 

i 

['.'. 

Agitation  and  Qyanjding 

Puwer  ...             ...             ...             ,., 

Labor    ... 

Repairs 

Supplies  (General) 

Cyanide 

Cyanogen  Bromide 

And       ... 

Ltme      ...            ...            ...            ... 

90  18     9 
129  12    6 
19  16     2 
60    0    0 

:   6J9  16   0 

■    493    4    0 

'       54     0    0 

54     0    7 

0    0    541 
0     0    771 
0    0    ti8 
0    0    357 
0    3    o*86 
"     ^     534 
0    0    3-21 
0    0    321 

77  10   2 
12  14  4 

12  4  7 

0  15  7 

190  1 1   4 

0    0  1063 
0    0    174 
0    0     1 '68 
0    0    O1 10 

0     1    yoi 

37    0  10 
321  14    0 
40    3  11 

35    2    0 
268    6    8 

21     7    7 
49    4    0 

00    1  08 
0    0    934 
0    0    117 
0    0    101 
0    0    779 

0    0    061 
0    0    1-45 

0    i   1045 

Filling,  Drying  and  Emptying  Presses 
Power    ... 
Labor     ..'. 
Repairs.,.              ...              ...              ... 

Supplies 

25    9    3 
194  10     2 
16  14    0 
33  '7    6 

0    0    151 
0    0  1 157 
0    0    099 

0      0      202 

59   1   3 
99  15  0 
9  9   ' 
26  16   1 

0    0    810 
0     1      r68 
0    0     1-30 
0    0    367 

34     »     3 
109    0  II 

0    5  10 

0    0    099 
0    0    316 

0    0    001 

0    0    4'l6 

Disposal  of  Residues  ... 

Power 

Labor     ... 

Repairs 

Supplies 

7     4     9 

167     4     4 

0  17    6 

0    0    043 
0    0    995 
0    0    005 

88  13  10 
0  16    8 

j    1    0  n 
0    0   017 

24  17    2 

399    8    4 

15,   1   11 

8  10    0 

0    0    071 
0    0  n  60 
0    0    0*43 

0     0     0'26 

0    1     roo 

Precipitation  and  SmQldng      ... 

Power 

Labor    ... 

Repairs 

Supplies               ...             ...            ... 

3   12     g 

65     8    9 

0  12     6 

'75   '4     2 

0      O      022 

0    0    3'SS 
0    0    004 
0    0  1045 

12  16    2 
20  16  10 

1- 

0   0    1-76 

0    0    286] 

1 1 "  8     8 

9    5  " 
90     1     3 

0    0    o\33 
0    0    027 
0    0    2*62 

0     0     3'22 

Propn.  Assaying  and  Sampling 
Power   ... 
Labor  and  Salaries 
Repairs 
Supplies 

8"'i     6 
26  11     0 

5     9    6 
21     1     3 

0    0    0-48 
0    0    1-58 
0    0    0  33 
00    125 

4    0    4 
3  10    0 

0   £>    o-si 

0    0    04& 

2     2  10 
38    7'  4 

4  12    0 
21     6     2 

0    0    O"o6 
0    0    083 
0    0    012 
0    0    0-63 

0    0.   1-64 

719    3     6 

867     3     3 

'95     2     4 

1,704     8     1 

0    3    678 
0    4    3'57 
0    0  n -6 1 
0    8    537 

0^  5    7'57 
0    5    041 
0    b    954 
0    4  iryo 

761   II     8 
1,431    18      2 

373  11    4 

946  II     8 

O      1    10' 10 

Or  3    555 
0    0  1083 
0    2    349 

Total  Treatment  Coats 

Summary 

Power    ... 

Labor  and  Salaries 

Repairs 

Supplies 

Management  and  General  Expenses     ... 

Sloping 

Power    ... 

Pumping 

Labor   and  Salaries 

Repairs 

Supplies 

Propn.  Assaying  and  Sampling      ...            "' 

3,485  17     2 

743     6  II 
I,6oi  14  II 

0  17    3-33 

0    3    822 
0    7  11 -27 

492  15    2 
440  10    1 
69  11    2 
436  14    1 

1,439  10    6 

289     L    8 
822    2    5 

0  16    5-42 

0    3    365 
0    9    474 

::: 

3)513-12  10 

1,291    2    8 
3,477  16    6 

0    8    5-97 

290  18  10 
62    9    7 
779  13  I.I 

234    5    9 
202  18    8 
31     8     2 

0     1     530 
0    0     3/1 
0    3  1038 
0     I     193 
0    1    o'o7 
0    0     i*88 

196    9    1 

432  14    3 
95  10    9 
91    5    » 
628 

0    2  '  2  94 

0     4    1  I'M 

0     i     no 
0     1     052 
0    0    0  84 

274    1 2    1 1 

84    5  10 

2.320  15    5 

80    3  10 

706    2    9 

11   15    ') 

0    0    7-9? 
0    0    2*45 
0    5    735 

0      0      2'3l 
0      L     849 
0    0    0*34 

0     .3     1-47 
0    8    493 

7°5 '  5"  5 
2,101   10    9 
400  14    9 
676    7    4 
161   13    4 

::; 

191  '2    9 
570    7    9 
159    4    7 
235     1  11 
11  12    4 

...     1 
! 

:::  1 
...  i  • 

i 

o    7     I  14 
... 

446    0  11 

1.972     9     0, 

240    7     5 

386  12     4 

54  12  11 

TOTAL  WORKING  COSTS            

5,830  19    0 
4.045  "     7 

8,802     5    P 

I     »  10-82 

2,550  14    7 
1.167  17     4 

46  16     8 

1    9     l-SI 

8,282  12    0 
3,100    2    7 

'i39P    8    9 

1    0    0-37 

Mine  Dcveloprnnnt 

Power \" 

Labor  and  Salaries 

Repairs                '.'.'. 

Supplies 

Propn.  Assaying  and  Sampling     ... 

... 

... 

::: 

0     7     ''>4 

Plant               

Labor  and  Salaries 
Supplies  and  Sundries 

3."0S    5    5 
5.787    0    3 

15    0  10 
31  15  10 

598'   8    9. 
792     0    0 

336  13  10 

GRAND  TOTALS              

£18,768  16    3 

£3,765   8    7 

£12,773   3    4. 

Additional  Expenditure 

Treatment  of  Old  Sands  (949  tons) 
Treairnen!  of  Old  Slimes 

336  13  10 

323 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  14,  1903. 


Shaft  Sinking  and  Equipment  at  the 
Ashland  Mine.* 


Written  by  H.  F.  Ellakd. 

The  sinking  and  equipping  of  modern  shafts  is  ever 
an  interesting  feature  of  mine  work.  The  location  of 
our  No.  6  and  No.  7  shafts,  as  weE  as  their  condition 
in  May,  1901,  made  the  sinking  of  a  new  shaft  at  this 
property  at  Ironwood,  Mich.,  a  necessity.  At  that 
time  the  mine  was  purchased  by  the  Cleveland-Cliffs 
Iron  Co. ,  and  this  improvement  was  at  once  decided 
upon. 

Upon  assuming  charge  of  local  operations  here  on 
June  11  following,  the  attention  of  the  writer  was 
directed  to  this  feature  of  the  work.  After  a  care- 
ful survey  of  general  conditions,  we  commenced,  July 
15,  to  explore  the  foot  wall  at  the  location  most  de- 
sirable, and  by  test  pitting  and  diamond  drilling,  we 
determined  that  the  ledge  consisted  of  a  layer  of 
quartzite,  almost  uniformly  75  feet  thick,  overlying 
strong  quartz  slates,  both  cut  at  different  points  by 
dikes  of  diorite,  which  in  the  unaltered  form  here  en- 
countered proved  extremely  hard  material. 

The  drift  consisted  of  20  to  25  feet  of  peat,  sand 
and  boulders.     The  diamond  drill  cut  the  measures  at 


Cage 


-5t)- 


Shp 


Skip 


10x14 


5=>-k* 


Ladder 
?'«"•■> 

Way 


■ ;  ■  4'2'  ■■ 


Foot  Wail  Plate 
Arrangement  of  Shaft,  Ashland   Mine,  Michigan. 

right  angles  from  the  1st,  3d,  8th  and  10th  levels,  and 
proved  the  foot  to  dip  to  the  north  at  an  angle  of 
approximately  60°  from  the  horizon;  this  incline  was, 
therefore,  adopted  for  the  shaft.  The  location  se- 
lected is  a  point  155  feet  in  the  foot  wall  and  imme.- 
diatery  south  of  No.  6  shaft. 

It  was  decided  to  sink  a  shaft  of  considerable  ca- 
pacity, as  we  wished  to  have  it  serve  the  territory  for- 
merly developed  by  Nos.  5,  6,  7  and  8  shafts.  We, 
therefore,  made  provision  for  two  skips,  a  cage  and 
counterweight,  a  ladderway  and  pipe  compartment. 
These  with  sufficient  dividers  called  for  a  shaft  9  feet 
8  inches  by  15  feet  8  inches  inside  dimensions.  The 
outside  dimensions,  including  laths,  required  an  open- 
ing of  12  feet  4  inches  by  18  feet  4  inches,  but  the 
ground  actually  broken  was  generally  about  13  feet 
by  19  feet,  displacing  247  cubic  feet,  or  twenty  tons 
of  rock  per  foot  of  sinking. 

The  sizes  of  the  compartments,  as  shown  in  the  ac- 
companying cut,  are  as  follows: 

Cage  compartments,  5  feet  by  9  feet  8  inches. 

Two-skip  compartments,  each  4  feet  8  inches  by  5 
feet  8  inches. 

Counterweight  compartment,  1  foot  8  inches  by  2 
feet  8  inches. 

Ladderway,  2  feet  6  inches  by  2  feet  8  inches. 

Pipe  compartment,  2  feet  8  inches  by  4  feet  4  inches; 
all  inside  dimensions. 

The  timbers  used  are  as  follows: 

Wall  plates  and  end  pieces,  14x14  inches;  white 
pine. 

Cage  divider,  10x12  inches;  tamarack. 

Divider  for  foot  of  skip  compartment,  10x12  inches; 
tamarack ;  all  other  dividers,  6x12  inches,  tamarack. 

Cage  runners,  5x8  inches,  and  skip  runners,  6x7 
inches;  Norway  pine. 

Studdles,  12x12  inches;  white  pine. 

To  give  additional  stability  to  the  divider  carrying 
the  skip  roads  without  dovetailing  it  into  the  end 
pieces  a  studdle  of  4x12  inches,  tamarack,  was  added 
between  this  divider  and  the  foot-wall  plate.  The 
other  end  of  this  divider  was  dovetailed  1  inch  into 
the  cage  divider,  and,  in  addition  to  this,  is  strength- 
ened by  the  6x12  inch  dividers  between  the  counter- 
weight and  ladder  compartments.  The  size  of  the 
wall  plates  and  end  pieces  was  reduced  to  12x12 
inches  when  the  shaft  had  reached  a  point  in  the 
ledge  where  the  ground  was  considered  sufficiently 
strong  to  warrant  this.  The  laths  are  2-inch  hemlock 
on  the  ends  and  foot  wall  sides;  on  the  hanging  side 
2-inch  tamarack  was  used  almost  exclusively.  A 
3-inch  tamarack  floor  was  placed  between  the  rails  of 
the  skip  roads,  and  45-pound  rails  were  used  for  the 
skips  and  cage.  A  casing  of  2-inch  plank  on  the  skip 
side  separates  the  cage  and  skip  compartments.  The 
sets  were  spaced  irregularly.  This  was  due  to  the 
nature  of  the  material,  which  at  the  surface  was  very 
reacherous,  and  farther  down  became  very  hard  and 
strong.     The  hangers  are  of  lj-inch  common  iron. 

The  design  as  adopted  proved  very  practicable,  and 
the  Only  feature  that  has  not  met  with  universal  ap- 
proval, and  about  which  any  misgivings  were  enter- 

*  Trans.  Lake  Superior  Mining  Institute. 


tained  at  first,  is  the  placing  of  the  skips  in  the 
hanging.  This,  it  was  argued,  would  place  an  exces- 
sive load  on  the  dividers  carrying  the  skip  roads,  and 
also  tend  to  weaken  the  construction  at  a  time  when 
the  timbers  would  begin  to  decay.  While  recognizing 
the  force  of  these  objections,  we  maintain  that  with 
reasonably  heavy  rails  the  burden  of  supporting  the 
skips  and  the  skip  roads  on  a  60°  angle  is  compara- 
tively slight,  and  the  opportunities  for  reinforcing  or 
renewing  any  of  these  dividers  are  such  that  the  en- 
tire work  could  be  done  without  causing  the  skips 
any  delay  whatever.  The  design  lends  itself  admir- 
ably to  the  convenient  and  rapid  handling  of  ore  and 
timbers,  and  the  pipes  rest  upon  the  foot  wall  fully 
protected  from  jar  or  strain. 

Ore  Pockets. — On  each  main  level  two  small  pock- 
ets, each  holding  one  skip  load,  are  constructed  im- 
mediately in  front  of  the  skips,  and  into  these  the  ore 
is  dumped  by  means  of  self-acting  tipples.  A  lever 
conveniently  located  is  connected  to  a  slide  door,  con- 
sisting of  steel  plate  \  inch  by  2  feet  4  inches  by  3 
feet,  and  this  is  readily  raised  by  the  skip  tender 
when  the  skip  is  in  position  for  loading.  The  incline 
of  the  shaft  brings  the  skip  directly  underneath  the 
doors,  and  no  waste  whatever  occurs  in  loading. 

Equipment. — Pump  stations  were  cut  on  the  sev- 
enth and  tenth  levels,  and  two  pumps  installed  in 
each.  All  these  are  compound  duplex  pumps  and 
provide  a  direct  and  relay  reserve  plant  from  the 
tenth  level  to  the  surface.  We  are  now  installing  a 
new  triple  duplex  pump  on  the  thirteenth  level,  and 
have  added  a  pair  of  high-pressure  boilers  for  this 
work. 

As  a  precaution  toward  insurance  against  fires,  as 
well  as  to  preserve  the  shaft  timbers,  a  system  of 
perforated  pipes  and  galvanized  iron  baifie  plates 
was  placed  in  the  hanging  side,  by  which  means  a 
very  small  amount  of  water  in  continuous  flow  keeps 
the  shaft  timbers  in  a  thoroughly  saturated  condition 
at  all  times. 

The  skips  are  of  ordinary  type  for  inclined  shafts. 
They  are  of  72  cubic  feet  capacity,  and  equipped  with 
single  tread  front  and  double  tread  rear  wheels  12 
inches  in  diameter,  of  manganese  steel,  pressed  on  to 
3-inch  cold  rolled  steel  axles,  running  in  self-oiling 
babbitted  boxes. 

The  cage  is,  we  think,  unique  in  some  of  its  feat- 
ures, and  was  designed  especially  for  this  shaft.  It 
travels  on  a  track  of  4  feet  3  inches  gauge  on  the 
foot-wall  end  of  the  compartment,  and  consists  of  a 
crosshead,  to  which  are  attached  safety  clutches, 
sills  and  hangers,  carrying  the  wheels,  axles,  shoes, 
floors,  etc.  There  are  two  floors,  6  feet  6  inches 
apart,  supported  in  horizontal  positions  between  the 
hangers.  Each  floor  is  10  feet  8  inches  long  and  4 
feet  wide  in  the  clear,  and  the  lower  one  carries  a 
track  of  1  foot  10  inch  gauge,  conforming  to  our  mine 
and  surface  timber  tracks.  It  is  also  fitted  with  a 
device  for  locking  cars  and  trucks  in  place  while  on 
the  cage.  This  is  operated  by  either  of  two  levers 
on  the  foot  and  hanging  ends,  respectively,  of  the  cage 
floor.  Guards  serve  to  keep  the  men  in  place  while 
riding  on  this  floor. 

The  upper  floor  will  be  similarly  fitted  in  time,  but 
with  the  engines  now  employed  for  handling  the  cage 
it  is  not  deemed  advisable  to  use  both  floors  for  loads. 
It  is  sometimes  very  convenient,  however,  to  hoist 
rock  or  ore  on  this  floor,  and  in  such  case  the  mine 
car  is  pushed  off  the  cage  and  dumped  into  the  rock 
chute  or  either  of  the  ore  bins,  as  desired. 

All  timbers  up  to  10  feet  in  length  are  handled  on 


are  swung  by  a  crane,  and  lowered  endwise  through 
the  upper  floor  of  the  cage  to  rest  on  the  lower.  The 
crane  is  also  used  to  place  the  skips  on  and  off  the 
skip  roads. 

A  length  of  7  feet  on  each  floor  is  available  for  men 
and  this  furnishes  standing  room  for  twenty-five  to 
twenty-seven  men. 

The  shoes  run  on  5x8-inch  Norway  pine  guides, 
placed  4  feet  10  inches  from  the  foot  wall.  These 
serve  as  back  rails  for  the  cage  wheels. 

The  safety  clutches  are  attached  to  the  crosshead, 
and  also  run  on  these  guides,  and  are  depended  upon 
to  effectually  prevent  a  runaway  of  the  cage,  should 
an  accident  occur  to  the  hoisting  cable. 

The  wheels  are  of  manganese  steel,  16  inches  in 
diameter,  pressed  on  to  3-inch  cold  rolled  steel  axles, 
running  in  self-oiling  babbitted  boxes.  The  lower 
wheels  are  placed  below  the  floor  and  braces  run  from 
the  sills  at  this  point  to  the  hanging  end  of  the  floor 
to  add  greater  strength  to  the  floor  supports  at  this 
end,  and  also  to  thoroughly  brace  the  entire  lower 
frame  work. 

The  weight  of  the  cage,  with  wheels  and  axles,  is 
slightly  over  two  tons. 

Head  Frame. — The  head  frame  was  erected  by  the 
Wisconsin  Bridge  &  Iron  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis.  It  is 
of  steel  and  of  simple  design.  It  contains  two  small 
ore  bins,  with  a  combined  capacity  of  100  tons,  fitted 
with  pocket  stops  of  the  style  as  described  in  Volume 
II  of  the  "  Proceedings"  of  this  institute  by  Mr.  Wm. 
Kelly.  To  this  we  add  a  slight  improvement,  which 
enables  the  brakeman  to  operate  the  stop  without 
leaving  the  railroad  car.  It  consists  of  bending  the 
handle  or  lever  and  attaching  thereto  a  supplement- 
ary handle,  which,  in  our  case,  is  nothing  more  than 
a  canthook  stock.  This  hangs  loosely  over  the  car, 
within  easy  reach  of  the  brakeman. 

The  landing  platform  is  42  feet  above  the  ground, 
and  the  openings  to  the  ore  bins  are  opposite  the 
skips.  Small  steel  chutes  carry  the  ore  forward  to 
discharge  into  these  bins,  and  the  grading  is  done  by 
a  special  grading  truck,  which  travels  crosswise  un- 
der the  chutes  and  deflects  the  ore  to  one  side  or  the 
other  as  is  desired.  It  also  throws  the  rock  from  the 
skip  to  the  side  of  the  ore  bins  into  a  chute,  which  car- 
ries it  to  a  rock  car  on  a  trestle  17  feet  below  the 
landing  platform. 

Some  of  the  features  of  the  landing  platform  are  as 
follows:  Either  grade  of  ore  may  be  hoisted  with  both 
skips  and  the  cage,  and  dumped  into  either  of  the  ore 
bins  or  the  stockpile  car,  as  desired.  Rock  may  be 
hoisted  with  one  skip  and  the  cage.  When  shipping 
and  stockpiling  are  carried  on  simultaneously,  both 
grades  of  ore  may  be  hoisted  for  both  purposes  with 
both  skips  and  the  cage.  All  the  work  of  this  land- 
ing, including  the  grading  of  ores,  the  giving  of  sig- 
nals and  the  tramming  of  rock,  is  done  by  one  lander. 
The  rock  is  handled  by  an  automatic  side-dumping 
car,  propelled  by  a  small  winze  hoist,  to  which  revers- 
ing gear  was  added.  It  is  operated  by  the  lander. 
(to  be  continued.) 


Equipment  of  the  Garnet  Mine,  Pony, 
Mont. 


The  Garnet  M.  Co.'s  new  power  plant  at  Pony, 
Mont.,  has  recently  been  installed.  It  comprises  a 
3-foot  Pelton  wheel,  operated  under  100  feet  pres- 
sure, with  two  balance  wheels  and  a  hood  for  regu- 
lating, with  a  Replogle  sectroidal  governor.     To  the 


Power  Station,  Garnet  Mine,  Pony,  Mont. 


small  trucks,  pushed  into  the  cage  from  the  foot  wall 
side.  These  are  loaded  in  the  timber  yard  and  used 
to  carry  the  timber  through  the  drifts  on  the 
levels  without  rehandling.     Longer  lengths  of  timber 


same  pulley,  on  the  countershaft,  is  belted  a  Weber 
special  5  H.  P.  gasoline  engine,  with  battery,  tube 
and  gas  engine  igniter.  The  engine  and  wheel  may 
be   run  together  if  desired.      Prom  the  countershaft 


November  14,  1903. 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


324 


is  driven  a  li  H.  P.  dynamo,  with  switchboard  for 
meters,  power  and  light  connections;  and  a  30-inch 
blower  with  8-inch  run-around  Cor  blast  or  suction, 
with  connections  to  the  forge.  All  parts  of  all  ma- 
chines are  readily  accessible,  with  enough  room 
about  all  of  them.  The  building  is  12x28.  The  wheel 
or  engine  will  run  three  Durkee  electric  drills:  one  is 
now  in  use.  Tin-  plant  is  compact,  convenient  and 
nearly  automatic, 

The  accompanying  illustration  shows  the  interior 
of  the  power  station.  Work  is  progressing  on  the 
tunnel  at  the  Garnet,  a  contract  having  recently 
been  let.     B.  L.  Ballon  is  manager. 


PATENTS  ISSUED  NOVEMBER  3,  1903. 


Specially  Reported  und  Illustrated  tor  the  MINING  AND  SCIEN- 
TIFIC PRESS. 


Mine  Timbering  Apparatus. — No.   742,437;  J.   R. 
Hunter,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa. 


Supporting  frame,  load-supporting  carriage  mov- 
able longitudinally  of  frame,  drum  mounted  for  rota- 
tion upon  frame  transversely  of  carriage,  hoisting 
cable  between  carriage  and  drum,  and  means  for 
actuating  drum  and  operating  thereon  parallel  to 
path  of  carriage. 

Concentrator.— No.  742,889;  J.  J.  Montgomery, 
Santa  Clara,  Cal. 


ansa 


In  concentrator,  combination  of  concentrating 
table,  means  for  vibrating  table  in  direction  of  -travel 
of  material  thereon,  means  for  supplying  material 
to  one  end  of  table,  supports  for  table  inclined  to  its 
surface  at  angle  against  direction  of  travel  of  ma- 
terial thereon,  spring  to  compensate  downward  pull 
of  gravity  on  table,  discharges  for  tailings  .through 
table  at  points  throughout  its  length,  and  discharges 
for  concentrates  at  end  of  table  opposite  to  that  at 
which  material  is  supplied. 

Metallurgical    Process. — No.    742,830;    O.    W. 

Brown,  Bloomington,  andW.  P.  Oesterle,  Marion,  Ind. 

The   process  of  simultaneously  producing  metallic 


zinc  and  carbide  by  mixing  with  zinc  ore,  carbon  and 
oxide  of  a  metal  having  greater  affinity  For  carbon 
than  for  zinc  and  heating  mixture  to  temperature 
sufficient  to  produce  products. 


Signal  System   fob   .Minks, — No. 
Bowman,  North  Lawrence,  Ohio. 


742,962;  N.  K. 


In  signaling  system  for  mines,  combination  with 
plurality  of  branch  tracks  running  in  different  direc- 
tions and  connecting  at  different  points  and  leading 
into  main  track,  of  levers  located  at  several  junc- 
tions and  constituting  visual  signals  and  operating 
handles  for  system  and  adapted  to  be  manually  oper- 
ated to  indicate  by  their  position  safety  or  danger, 
and  comiections  between  levers  to  cause  them  to 
operate  in  unison,  some  of  connections  leading  from 
intermediate  station  to  several  of  stations. 


Quartz   Mill. 
canso,  Cal. 


-No.    742,966;    J.  Y.    Byers,    Des- 


In  quartz  mill,  combination  with  base  having  non- 
circular  projection,  of  grinding  member  supported 
detachably  upon  base  and  having  lower  end  expanded 
to  form  pulverizing  surface,  and  provided  in  under 
side  with  non-circular  recess  extending  into  expanded 
portion  and  adapted  to  engage  non-circular  projec- 
tion of  base  to  retain  grinding  member  fixedly  in 
position  upon  latter. 

Crushing  and  Pulverizing  Mill. — No.  742,982; 
E.  C.  Griffin,  Newton,  Mass. 


In  pulverizing  mill,   co-operating    fixed    and    ro- 


tatable annular  dies,  and  pair  of  operatively  contact- 
ing crushing  rolls  to  travel  upon  dies,  operation  of 
rotatable  die  imparting  planetary  rolling  motion  to 

rolls. 


Mn. i.  bob  Crushing  Ores.- 
Mouck,  Pargo,  X.  1). 


-No.    743,014;    A.    B. 


In  crushing  and  pulverizing  mill  combination  of 
drum  having  side  plates  with  central  openings,  one 
of  plates  having  flared  annular  flange  on  outer  side, 
means  to  support  and  rotate  drum,  muller  roller  dis- 
posed in  drum  and  having  movable  bearings,  plates 
carried  by  bearings  and  forming  closures  for  open- 
ings, feed  hopper  carried  by  one  of  plates,  and  dis- 
charge hopper  also  carried  by  same  plate  and  having 
opening  in  its  inner  side  edge  of  which  is  covered  by 
flange. 

Ore  Slime  Settling  and  Classifying  Appara- 
tus.—No.  743,201;  P.  W.  Sherman,  Park  City,  Utah. 


In  settling  apparatus,  cylindrical  tank  having  open 
top  and  conical  bottom  with  settlings  opening  at  low- 
est point  of  bottom,  open  ended  cylindrical  feed  tube 
arranged  concentrically  within  tank  with  lower  open 
end  terminated  short  of  conical  bottom  of  tank  and 
upper  open  end  projected  above  top  of  tank,  area  of 
feed  tube  being  equal  to  that  of  annular  space  be- 
tween feed  tube  and  tank,  cross  bars  at  top  and  bot- 
tom of  feed  tube,  central  rod  connecting  cross  bars, 
and  hanger  connected  to  upper  end  of  rod  to  suspend 
tube  within  tank. 

Apparatus  for  Mixing  Mineral  or  Other  Dry 
Substances. — No.  743,202;  C.  W.  Speirs,  London, 
Eng. 


In  apparatus  for  mixing  substances,  combination 
with  stationary  horizontal  inclosing  casing,  of  hori- 
zontal shaft  extending  therethrough  and  rotatable 
therein,  two  oppositely  pitched  spiral  feeding  devices 
secured  to  and  rotating  with  shaft,  one  of  devices 
having  external  diameter  within  internal  diameter 
of  other  throughout  its  entire  length,  spiral  feeding 
device  of  smaller  diameter  having  greater  pitch  than 
outer  and  larger  spiral. 


A  thin  selvage  of  clay  between  rock  walls  will  act 
as  an  impervious  dam  and  hold  back  a  large  volume 
of  water  if  the  enclosing  rocks  remain  undisturbed. 
Two  mines  situated  on  the  same  vein,  which  have 
been  intersected  by  a  dike,  may  operate  without  the 
drainage  of  one  effecting  the  other,  so  long  as  the 
dike  remains  undisturbed,  but,  when  broken  through, 
it  places  them  upon  a  common  drainage  level. 


325 


Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


November  14,  1903: 


Mining  Summary, 

Specially  Compiled  and  Repobted  for  the 
Mining  and  Scientific  Press. 


ALASKA. 

At  the  Alaska-Perseverance  M.  Co. 
mines  in  Silver  Bow  basin,  near  Juneau, 
Superintendent  Pearce  says  the  Alexan- 
der tunnel  is  in  2400  feet.  It  is  8  feet 
wide  and  7  feet  high.  The  tunnel  is  a 
crosscut  and  is  in  ore. 

ARIZONA. 

Cochise  County. 

L.  C.  Shattuck  of  Bisbee,  part  owner  of 
the  Rincon  M.  Co.,  reports  a  body  of  cop- 
per ore  struck  in  the  tunnel  on  the  Rin- 
con mine,  22  miles  north  of  Benson.  The 
tunnel  is  being  driven  at  130  feet  below 
the  surface. 

Maricopa  Couuty. 

The  Ben  Hur  M.  Co.  has  been  reorgan- 
ized at  Phoenix  and  the  directors  are  H. 
P.  DeMund,  W.  Talbot,  G.  B.  Richmond, 
W.  H.  Battin  and  N.  Osborn.  J.  Osborn 
is  superintendent.  Development  work 
will  be  increased  on  the  Ben  Hur  mine, 
which  is  35  miles  north  of  Phoenix,  in 
Cave  Creek  district.  The  porphyry- 
quartzite  formation  is  cut  by  a  ledge 
which  carries  free  gold.  The  discovery 
shaft  shows  4  feet  of  ore  which  averages 
$10  per  ton.  At  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel 
is  a  favorable  millsite.  The  tunnel,  300 
feet  below  the  apex,  is  in  100  feet. 
Graham  County. 

The  Shannon  Co.,  near  Clifton,  reports 
continuing  to  treat  550  tons  of  ore  daily, 
250  tons  of  which  goes  through  its  concen- 
trators. Fifteen  tons  of  metallic  copper  is 
the  company's  daily  output.  On  this 
basis  the  ore  is  yielding  2.78%  copper  and 
the  company  is  producing  at  the  rate  of 
approximately  11,000,000  pounds  of  cop- 
per annually.  It  is  stated  that  Shannon 
copper  is  being  made  and  laid  down  in 
New  York  at  a  gross  cost  of  8£  cents  per 

pound. 

Mohave  County. 

A  half  interest  in  the  Kenney-Lapping 
claim,  adjoining  the  Century  mine  on  the 
south,  near  Chloride,  has  been  sold  to 
L.  Lapping.  The  principal  vein  on  the 
claim  is  said  to  be  an  extension  of  both 
the  Century  and  Brunswick  properties  on 
the  north,  which  carry  veins  of  ore  in  sil- 
ver, gold  and  copper.  Development  will 
be  increased. 

Pima  County. 

The  Producer  M.  &  S.  Co.  at  Brownell, 
near  Quijotoa,  expects  to  have  its  50-ton 
smelter  completed  this  month.  There  has 
been  considerable  work  done  on  these 
mines,  the  deepest  shaft  being  200  feet. 
The  ore  is  of  copper,  carrying  silver  and 
gold.     There  are  thirty-five  men  at  work. 

The  "Weldon  G.  &  C.  Co.  on  Quijotoa 

mountain  will  put  men  to  work.  A  hoist 
is  to  be  erected  and  the  200-foot  shaft  sunk 
to  500  feet.  J.  W.  Gidding  is  superin- 
tendent. 

Pinal  County. 

On  the  San  Carlos  strip,  10  miles  above 
Dudleyville,  the  property  of  the  San 
Carlos  C.  Co.  has  been  bonded  by  the 
Saddle  Mountain  M.  Co.,  of  which  G.  B. 
Chittenden  is  manager.  Development 
work  is  under  way.  A  shaft  on  the 
Apachia  claim,  120  feet  deep,  is  in  sul- 
phide ore,  and  a  tunnel  on  the  Cannon 
Ball  claim  of  the  O'Brien  group  has  been 
driven  180  feet  and  150  feet  of  this  shows 
sulphides. 

Santa  Cruz  County. 

The  Apache  mines  at  Salero  ai-e  being 
opened  up  again  by  R.  R.  Richardson. 
He  reports  having  sixty  tons  of  ore  ready 
for  concentration. 

The  Tres  Amigos  mill  at  Oro  Blanco 
has  been  completed  and  will  be  started  up 
this  week.     A.  Lamb  is  superintendent. 

At  Oro  Blanco  the  Old  Glory  mine  has 
shut  down  temporarily,  says  Superin- 
tendent Baker. At  the  Golden  Eagle 

(or  McDonald  mines),  Superintendent 
Code  says  they  will  not  use  the  Montana 
mill  which  was  leased,  but  will  buy  a  new 
mill.  Development  work  is  progressing. 
Yavapai  County. 

An  air  compressor  has  been  put  into 
the  tunnel  of  the  Cleveland  mine,  in  Ora 
Bella  district,  10  miles  south  of  Prescott, 
to  furnish  air  to  the  engines  used  to  hoist 
ore  from  the  Grey  Eagle  shaft.  Formerly 
there  was  a  gasoline  engine  there,  but  it 
vitiated  the  air.  The  Cleveland  mine  is 
owned  by  P.  Kearney  of  Prescott. 

E.  D.  Seaton,  owner  of  the  Cumberland 
group,  near  Prescott,  has  started  oper- 
ations. A  gallows-frame  will  be  built  and 
the  mill  started,  after  being  repaired. 

J.  R.  Liston,  superintendent  of  the 
Wild  Flower  group  of  mines  in  the  Brad- 
shaw  mountains,  southeast  of  Prescott, 
says  the  Wild  Flower  group  is  composed 


of  nineteen  claims  and  is  sinking  a  double- 
compartment  shaft  which  will  furnish  an 
opening  for  working  twelve  of  the  claims. 
This  shaft  is  down  130  feet.  At  110  feet 
a  crosscut  was  run  on  the  ledge,  opening 
up  a  body  of  sulphuret  ore  7  feet  wide, 
which  averages  $10  gold  per  ton,  besides 
carrying  copper  and  lead. 

B.  J.  McDonald  et  al.   are  working  the 
Mark  Twain  mine,  near  Prescott,  and  re- 
port having  on  the  dump  800  tons  of  gold- 
Near  Mayer  there  are  forty  men  at  work 

in  the  Bigbug  onyx  quarries. At  the 

Hidden  Treasure  mine,  near  Prescott, 
grading  for  the  10-stamp  mill  and  other 
reduction  works  has  been  completed. 

It  is  expected  the  Iron  King  smelter, 
near  Jerome,  will  be  blown  in  by  Dec.  1st. 
There  are  sixty  men  at  work  at  the  mine, 
which  number  will  be  increased  to  100 
when  the  smelter  is  in  operation, 
silver  ore  which  carries  $20  per  ton.  The 
pay  ore  is  6  j  feet  in  width.  The  Mark 
Twain  is  an  extension  of  the  Blue  Dick. 
The  Ora  Bella  mill  is  shut  down  tem- 
porarily to  replace  the  battery  blocks. 
As  soon  as  finished,  work  will  begin  on  the 
erection  of  an  additional  10-stamp  mill. 

At  the  Oro  Grande  mine,  in  Black  Rock 
district,  near  the  Maricopa  county  line, 
near  Wickenburg,  the  5-stamp  mill  is  in 
operation.      Manager      Upton     proposes 

building  a  larger  plant. It  is  reported 

the  Button  mine  at  Minnehaha  will  be  re- 
opened. 

At  the  White  mine,  north  of  Wicken- 
burg, near  the  Maricopa  county  line,  ad- 
joining the  Oro  Grande  mine  on  the  east, 
work  will  be  resumed,  having  been  sus- 
pended during  the  summer. 

The  Mohawk  M.  &  M.  Co.,  which  has 
been  working  the  Roach  group  on  Pine 
creek,  near  Prescott,  under  bond,  last 
week  took  over  the  same,  making  final 
payment. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Amador  County. 

At  the  Bunker  Hill  mine,  near  Amador 
City,  the  mill  in  course  of  construction  is 
covered,  and  machinery  is  being  put  in 
place.  Sinking  has  been  resumed  in  the 
shaft. 

At  the  Fremont  Con.  mine,  1  mile  north 
of  Amador  City,  forty  stamps  are  drop- 
ping steadily  in  the  mill,  crushing  five 
tons  to  the  stamp  per  twenty-four  hours, 
says  Manager  A.  Goodell.  The  ore  is 
coming  from  the  Fremont  ground,  from 
the  000  to  the  1000  foot  levels.  The  sul- 
phurets  that    have  been    shipped    have 

yielded  $120  per  ton. The  Gover  mine 

is  not  yet  sending  any  ore  to  the  mill, 
though  ore  bodies  are  being  opened  up. 

At  the  Bay  State  mine,  north  of 
Plymouth,  the  additional  200  feet  of  sink- 
ing, from  the  850-foot  to  the  1050-foot 
level  has  been  completed  and  Superinten- 
dent Worthing  will  run  a  crosscut  to  the 
vein.  The  sinking  has  been  done  with 
machine  drills  and  three  shifts  of  two 
men  each  have  made  as  much  as  04  feet  in 
a  month,  says  the  Amador  Dispatch. 

At  the  Shenandoah  mine,  north  of 
Plymouth,  Superintendent  Thornton  has 
men  at  work  running  a  diamond  drill  to 
the  west  to  prospect  this  formation. 

The  mill  at  the  Pocahontas  mine,  near 
Drytown,  is  in  operation.  A  shoot  of  ore 
with  gold  values  is  reported  struck  in  the 
Pocahontas,  running  north,  at  200  feet 
from  the  surface. 

Calaveras  County. 

The  Hercules-Horseshoe  M.  Co.  has 
bought  the  California  quartz  mine  in  In- 
dian Creek  district,  between  Angels  and 
San  Andreas.  Superintendent  Shetling 
of  the  Hercules-Horseshoe  Co.  has  the 
2-stamp  mill,  near  Murphys,  running 
steadily. 

F.  A.  Mitchler  has  men  at  work  on  the 
Last  Chance  mine  west  of  Murphys  and 
sinking  is  progressing.  The  mine  is  near 
the  Buckhorn  group,  which  will  be  re- 
opened. The  Buckhorn  group  consists  of 
the  Red  Gold,  Buckhorn,  O.  K.  and 
Christmas  mines. 

The  Garibaldi  placer  claim  on  South 
fork  of  the  Calaveras  river  has  been 
leased  to  F.  J.  Juchter  of  San  Francisco, 
and  development  work  will  be  increased. 
The  claim  adjoins  the  Preston-Donovan 
placer  mine. 

The  Johnston  hydraulic  mine  on  Willow 
creek,  2  miles  from  San  Andreas,  was  sold 
last  week  at  public  auction  to  C.  V.  Gott- 
schalk  for  $3200. 

S.  T.  Allen  has  bonded  the  Veith  and 
Pellaton  placer  mines,  1  mile  south  of  Mo- 
kelumne  Hill,  for  two  years  for  $20,000. 
The  bond  also  guarantees  certain  rights 
in   the   Lamphear    quartz    mine.    Work 

will    begin    this    month. The    What 

Cheer  mine,  which  has  been  closed  down 
for  a  month  past,  resumed  operations  last 
week. 

D.  Fricot  has  bought  the  Wade  John- 
son placer  mine,  southeast  of  San  An- 
dreas, with  tail  race  and  right  of  way  for 
tailings,  also  ftiteh,  known  as  the  Pope 
ditch,  the  Mammoth,  Yaqui  Camp, 
Alaska,  Klondike  and  Seven  Up  quartz 
mines  on  said  Johnson  placer  mine. 


Bel  Norte  County. 

Manager  J.  S.  Crawford,  with  head- 
quarters at  Grants  Pass,  Or.,  reports  in- 
creasing development  work  on  the  Cleo- 
patra group  of  copper  mines  on  Diamond 
creek.  Additional  machinery  and  other 
equipment  will  be  put  in. 

El  Dorado  County. 

J.  A.  Parker,  manager  of  the  New 
Highland  G.  &  C.  M.  Co.,  says  they  will 
begin  operations  on  the  Silva  gold  quartz 
mine  at  Georgetown  this  week. 

At  Kelsey  Superintendent  Dunton  began 
operations  with  the  slate  cable  conveyer 
last  week.  Heretofore  the  slate  produced 
at  the  Eureka  slate  quarry  has  been 
hauled  to  Placerville  by  team  at  a  cost  of 
75  cents  a  square.  By  means  of  the  cable 
slate  will  be  transported  to  Placerville 
at  a  cost  of  6  to  .  7  cents  a  square.  The 
tramway  is  supported  by  nineteen  wooden 
frame  towers  and  crosses  the  river  at  an 
elevation  of  500  feet,  with  a  span  of  2400 
feet.  It  is  operated  from  the  13-foot 
water  wheel  at  the  quarry  power  house, 
and  requires  6  H.  P.  empty  and  20  H.  P. 
with  the  buckets  loaded.  During  the  past 
year  at  the  Eureka  slate  quarry  several 
additional  buildings  have  been  put  up  and 
an  air  compressor,  electric  lighting  plant 
and  7000  feet  of  power  pipe  line  have  been 
built.  In  the  pit  they  are  80  feet  in  depth 
and  an  acre  in  area.  A  tunnel  has  been 
driven  1000  feet,  opening  into  the  bottom 
of  the  pit,  for  drainage,  and  will  prevent 
the  pit  filling  up  as  it  did  last  winter.  The 
quarry  will  be  extended  north  and  west. 
There  are  115  men  working  at  the  quarry 
and  an  average  of  40  squares  a  day  is  the 
output.  This  will  he  increased  till  the 
output  is  100  squares  (about  thirty  tons) 
a  day. 

Kern  County. 

The  Butte  mine,  near  Randsburg,  is  in 
operation  with  non-union  men,  says  Su- 
perintendent McMahon. 

B.  Ostick  has  bought  the  remaining 
one-third  interest  of  J.  G.  Porter  in  the 
Ra